Definitions
HIV Prevalence Estimate
HIV Incidence Estimate
Diagnoses of HIV Infection
Diagnoses of HIV Infection by Age
Diagnoses of HIV Infection by Race/Ethnicity
Diagnoses of HIV Infection by Transmission Category
Persons Living with a Diagnosis of HIV Infection
Deaths of Persons with a Diagnosis of HIV Infection
AIDS Diagnoses
AIDS Diagnoses by Age
AIDS Diagnoses by Race/Ethnicity
AIDS Diagnoses by Transmission Category
AIDS Diagnoses by Top 10 States/Dependent Areas
Persons Living with an AIDS Diagnoses
Deaths of Persons with an AIDS Diagnoses
State-by-State HIV Infection and AIDS Data
International Statistics
Definitions
- Diagnosis of HIV infection: This refers to persons diagnosed with HIV infection,
regardless of the stage of disease at diagnosis (e.g., if they have progressed to
AIDS) from the 45 areas (40 states and 5 U.S. dependent areas) that have had confidential
name-based HIV infection reporting long enough (i.e., since at least January 2006)
to allow for stabilization of data collection and for adjustment of the data in
order to monitor trends. According to the cumulative estimated number of AIDS diagnoses
through 2009, these 40 states represent approximately 75% of AIDS diagnoses in the
50 states and the District of Columbia.
- AIDS Diagnosis: This refers to persons diagnosed with Stage 3 HIV infection
(AIDS), based on the 2009 CDC case definition for
adults, adolescents and children.
- Dependent Areas: American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto
Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
- 40 States and 5 U.S. Dependent Areas with Confidential Name-Based HIV Infection
Reporting: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida,
Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan,
Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New
Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South
Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin,
Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the
U.S. Virgin Islands. Learn more about HIV infection reporting.
- Transmission Category: The classification of a case that indicates the risk
factor most likely to have been responsible for transmission. Cases are counted
only once in a hierarchy of transmission categories. Persons with more than 1 reported
risk factor for HIV infection are classified in the transmission category listed
first in the hierarchy. The exception is men who report sexual contact with other
men and injection drug use; this group makes up a separate transmission category.
- HIV Incidence: The number of new HIV infections in a specific population
during a specific period of time.
- HIV Prevalence: The number of people living with HIV infection in
a given year.
For more definitions and details about how HIV infection and AIDS data are tabulated,
read the "Technical Notes" from the
HIV Surveillance Report: Diagnoses of HIV Infection and AIDS in the United States
and Dependent Areas, 2009.
For additional details on HIV disease surveillance,
view the Kaiser Family Foundation tutorial: Understanding HIV/AIDS Surveillance
Data in the United States.
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HIV Prevalence Estimate
Prevalence is the number of people living with HIV infection at the end of a given
year.
At the end of 2008, an estimated 1,178,350 persons aged 13 and older were living
with HIV infection in the United States. Of those, 20% had undiagnosed HIV infections.1
1 CDC.
HIV Surveillance --- United States, 1981--2008. MMWR 2011 60(21); 689-693.
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HIV Incidence Estimate
Incidence is the number of new HIV infections that occur during a given year.
Incidence is the number of new HIV infections that occur during a given year. CDC
estimates that approximately 50,000 people are newly infected with HIV each year
in the United States. In 2009 (the most recent year that data are available), there
were an estimated 48,100 new HIV infections.[1] Most (61%) of these
new infections occurred in gay and bisexual men. Black/African American men and
women were also strongly affected and were estimated to have an HIV incidence rate
than was 7 times as high as the incidence rate among whites.
Visit the HIV incidence page for more details.
1 Prejean J, Song R, Hernandez A, Ziebell
R, Green T, et al. (2011) Estimated HIV Incidence in the United States, 2006-2009.
PLoS ONE 6(8): e17502. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017502
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Diagnoses of HIV Infection
In 2009, the estimated number of diagnoses of HIV infection in
the 40 states and 5 U.S. dependent areas with confidential name-based HIV infection
reporting was 42,959. Of these, 42,011 were in the 40 states and
948 were in the 5 dependent areas. In the 40 states, diagnoses of HIV infection
among adults and adolescents totaled 41,845 with 31,872 diagnoses
in males and 9,973 diagnoses in females, Among children under age
13 years, there were an estimated 166 diagnoses of HIV infection in 2009.
Estimated numbers resulted from statistical adjustment that accounted for delays
in reporting to the health department (but not for incomplete reporting) and missing
risk factor information, where appropriate.
Because totals for the estimated numbers were calculated independently of the values
for the subpopulations, the subpopulation values may not equal the totals.
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Diagnoses of HIV Infection by Age
Of the estimated number of diagnoses of HIV infection in the 40
states with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting in 2009, the distribution
of ages at time of diagnosis was as follows:
|
Age (Years)
|
Estimated Number of Diagnoses of HIV Infection, 2009
|
|
Under 13
|
166
|
|
Ages 13-14
|
21
|
|
Ages 15-19
|
2,036
|
|
Ages 20-24
|
6,237
|
|
Ages 25-29
|
5,951
|
|
Ages 30-34
|
5,020
|
|
Ages 35-39
|
5,232
|
|
Ages 40-44
|
5,519
|
|
Ages 45-49
|
4,865
|
|
Ages 50-54
|
3,323
|
|
Ages 55-59
|
2,004
|
|
Ages 60-64
|
900
|
|
Ages 65 or older
|
736
|
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Diagnoses of HIV Infection by Race/Ethnicity
CDC tracks diagnoses of HIV infection information on seven racial and ethnic groups:
American Indian/Alaska Native; Asian; Black/African American; Hispanic/Latino; Native
Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander; White; and Multiple Races.
In 2009, the estimated number of diagnoses of HIV infection in
the 40 states with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting, by race or ethnicity
was as follows:
|
|
|
Race or Ethnicity
|
Estimated Number of Diagnoses of HIV Infection, 2009
|
|
American Indian/Alaska Native
|
189
|
|
Asian
|
470
|
|
Black/African American
|
21,652
|
|
Hispanic/Latinoa
|
7,347
|
|
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
|
34
|
|
White
|
11,803
|
|
Multiple Races
|
516
|
a Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
For more details on HIV infection and race/ethnicity, see CDC's
Populations/Surveillance fact sheets.
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Diagnoses of HIV Infection by Transmission Category
Six common transmission categories are male-to-male sexual contact, injection drug
use, male-to-male sexual contact and injection drug use, heterosexual contact, mother-to-child
(perinatal) transmission, and other (includes blood transfusions and unknown cause).
Following is the distribution of the estimated number of diagnoses
of HIV infection among adults and adolescents in the 40 states with confidential
name-based HIV infection reporting, by transmission category. A breakdown by sex
is provided where appropriate.
|
Transmission Category
|
Estimated Number of Diagnoses of HIV Infection, 2009
|
|
Adult and Adolescent Males
|
Adult and Adolescent Females
|
Total
|
|
Male-to-male sexual contact
|
23,846
|
-
|
23,846
|
|
Injection drug use
|
2,449
|
1,483
|
3,932
|
|
Male-to-male sexual contact and injection drug use
|
1,131
|
-
|
1,131
|
|
Heterosexual contact*
|
4,399
|
8,461
|
12,860
|
|
Other**
|
47
|
29
|
76
|
* Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at
high risk for, HIV infection.
**
Includes hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk not reported
or not identified.
The distribution of the estimated number of diagnoses of HIV infection
among children* in the 40 states with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting,
by transmission category, follows:
|
Transmission Category
|
Estimated Number of Diagnoses of HIV Infection, 2009
|
|
Perinatal
|
131
|
|
Other**
|
35
|
*
The term "children" refers to persons under age 13 years at the time of diagnosis.
*
* Includes hemophilia, blood transfusion, and risk not reported or not identified.
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Persons Living with a Diagnosis of HIV Infection.
At the end of 2008, the estimated number of persons living with
a diagnosis of HIV infection in the 40 states and 5 U.S. dependent areas with confidential
name-based HIV infection reporting was 682,668. In the 40 states
only, this included 660,062 adults and adolescents, and 3,022
children under age 13 years.
Data include persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection regardless of the stage of
disease at diagnosis. Estimated numbers resulted from statistical adjustment that
accounted for delays in reporting to the health department (but not for incomplete
reporting) and missing risk factor information, where appropriate.
Because of delays in reporting of deaths, data are only available through the end
of 2008. The exclusion of data from the most recent year allows at least 18
months for deaths to be reported and for these persons to be removed from calculations
of persons living with a diagnosis of HIV infection.
Totals include persons of unknown race/ethnicity. Because totals for the estimated
numbers were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the
subpopulation values may not equal the totals.
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Deaths of Persons with a Diagnosis of HIV Infection
In 2008, the estimated number of deaths of persons with a diagnosis
of HIV infection in the 40 states and 5 U.S. dependent areas with confidential name-based
HIV infection reporting was 17,374. In the 40 states only, this
included 16,762 adults and adolescents, and 7
children under age 13 years at death.
Deaths of persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection may be due to any cause.
Data include persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection regardless of the stage of
disease at diagnosis. Estimated numbers resulted from statistical adjustment that
accounted for delays in reporting to the health department (but not for incomplete
reporting) and missing risk factor information, where appropriate. Because of delays
in reporting of deaths, data are only available through the end of 2008. The exclusion
of data from the most recent year allows at least 18 months for deaths of persons
with a diagnosis of HIV infection to be reported.
Totals include persons of unknown race/ethnicity. Because totals for the estimated
numbers were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the
subpopulation values may not equal the totals.
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AIDS Diagnoses
In 2009, the estimated number of persons diagnosed with AIDS in
the United States and 5 U.S. dependent areas was 34,993. Of these,
34,247 were diagnosed in the 50 states and the District of Columbia
and 747 were diagnosed in the dependent areas. In the 50 states
and the District of Columbia, 25,587 AIDS diagnoses were among
adult and adolescent males, 8,647 were among adult and adolescent
females, and 13 diagnoses were among children under age 13 years.
The cumulative estimated number of AIDS diagnoses through 2009
in the United States and dependent areas was 1,142,714 Of these,
1,108,611 were diagnosed in the 50 states and the District of Columbia
and 34,103 were diagnosed in the dependent areas. In the 50 states
and the District of Columbia, 878,366 cumulative AIDS diagnoses
were among adult and adolescent males, 220,795 were among adult
and adolescent females, and 9,448 were among children under age
13 years.
Estimated numbers resulted from statistical adjustment that accounted for delays
in reporting to the health department (but not for incomplete reporting) and missing
risk factor information, where appropriate.
Cumulative totals include persons of unknown race/ethnicity. Because totals
for the estimated numbers were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations,
the subpopulation values may not equal the totals.
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AIDS Diagnoses by Age
Of the estimated number of AIDS diagnoses in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia, the distribution of ages at time of diagnosis was as follows:
|
Age (Years)
|
Estimated # of AIDS Diagnoses, 2009
|
Cumulative Estimated # of AIDS Diagnoses, through 2009*
|
|
Under 13
|
13
|
9,448
|
|
Ages 13-14
|
58
|
1,321
|
|
Ages 15-19
|
484
|
7,214
|
|
Ages 20-24
|
2,095
|
42,920
|
|
Ages 25-29
|
3,476
|
129,639
|
|
Ages 30-34
|
4,043
|
214,149
|
|
Ages 35-39
|
4,893
|
234,575
|
|
Ages 40-44
|
5,689
|
193,237
|
|
Ages 45-49
|
5,466
|
126,380
|
|
Ages 50-54
|
3,983
|
72,327
|
|
Ages 55-59
|
2,191
|
39,025
|
|
Ages 60-64
|
1,010
|
20,633
|
|
Ages 65 or older
|
846
|
17,743
|
* From the beginning of the epidemic through 2009.
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AIDS Diagnoses by Race/Ethnicity
CDC tracks AIDS information on seven racial and ethnic groups: American Indian/Alaska
Native; Asian; Black/African American; Hispanic/Latino; Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific
Islander; White and Multiple Races.
In 2009, the estimated number of AIDS diagnoses in the 50 states
and the District of Columbia, by race or ethnicity was as follows:
|
Race or Ethnicity
|
Estimated # of AIDS Diagnoses, 2009
|
Cumulative Estimated # of AIDS Diagnoses, Through 2009*
|
|
American Indian/Alaska Native
|
155
|
3,700
|
|
Asiana
|
429
|
8,324
|
|
Black/African American
|
16,741
|
466,351
|
|
Hispanic/Latinob
|
6,719
|
190,263
|
|
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
|
50
|
839
|
|
White
|
9,467
|
426,102
|
|
Multiple Races
|
686
|
12,726
|
* From the beginning of the epidemic through 2009.
a Includes Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases.
b Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
For more details on AIDS and race/ethnicity, see CDC's Populations/Surveillance fact sheets.
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AIDS Diagnoses by Transmission Category
Six common transmission categories are male-to-male sexual contact, injection drug
use, male-to-male sexual contact and injection drug use, heterosexual contact, mother-to-child
(perinatal) transmission, and other (includes blood transfusions and unknown cause).
Following is the distribution of the estimated number of AIDS diagnoses
among adults and adolescents by transmission category in the 50 states and the District
of Columbia. A breakdown by sex is provided where appropriate.
|
Transmission Category
|
Estimated # of AIDS Diagnoses, 2009
|
|
Adult and Adolescent Males
|
Adult and Adolescent Females
|
Total
|
|
Male-to-male sexual contact
|
17,005
|
-
|
17,005
|
|
Injection drug use
|
3,012
|
1,930
|
4,942
|
|
Male-to-male sexual contact and injection drug use
|
1,580
|
-
|
1,580
|
|
Heterosexual contact*
|
3,832
|
6,561
|
10,393
|
|
Other**
|
158
|
155
|
313
|
* Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at
high risk for, HIV infection.
**
Includes hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk not reported
or not identified.
|
Transmission Category
|
Cumulative Estimated # of AIDS Diagnoses, Through 2009*
|
|
Adult and Adolescent Males
|
Adult and Adolescent Females
|
Total
|
|
Male-to-male sexual contact
|
529,908
|
-
|
529,908
|
|
Injection drug use
|
186,318
|
87,126
|
273,444
|
|
Male-to-male sexual contact and injection drug use
|
77,213
|
-
|
77,213
|
|
Heterosexual contact**
|
72,183
|
126,637
|
198,820
|
|
Other***
|
12,744
|
7,032
|
19,776
|
* From the beginning of the epidemic through 2009.
** Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at
high risk for, HIV infection.
***
Includes hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk not reported
or not identified.
The distribution of the estimated number of AIDS diagnoses,
among children* in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, by transmission categories
was:
|
Transmission Category
|
Estimated # of AIDS Diagnoses, 2009
|
Cumulative Estimated # of AIDS Diagnoses Through 2009**
|
|
Perinatal
|
12
|
8,640
|
|
Other***
|
1
|
807
|
* The term "children" refers to persons under age 13 years at the
time of diagnosis.
**
From the beginning of the epidemic through 2009.
***
Includes hemophilia, blood transfusion, and risk not reported or not identified.
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AIDS Diagnoses by Top 10 States/Dependent Areas
The 10 states or dependent areas reporting the highest number of AIDS diagnoses
in 2009 were:
|
State/Dependent Area
|
# of AIDS Diagnoses, 2009
|
|
New York
|
4,799
|
|
Florida
|
4,392
|
|
California
|
3,760
|
|
Texas
|
2,652
|
|
New Jersey
|
1,475
|
|
Georgia
|
1,391
|
|
Illinois
|
1,202
|
|
Maryland
|
1,134
|
|
North Carolina
|
1,088
|
|
Pennsylvania
|
917
|
|
State/Dependent Area
|
# of Cumulative AIDS Diagnoses Through 2009*
|
|
Adults or Adolescents
|
Children (<13)
|
Total
|
|
New York
|
199,433
|
2,438
|
201,871
|
|
California
|
160,998
|
696
|
161,695
|
|
Florida
|
120,701
|
1,577
|
122,278
|
|
Texas
|
79,568
|
399
|
79,967
|
|
New Jersey
|
54,483
|
809
|
55,292
|
|
Georgia
|
39,207
|
253
|
39,460
|
|
Illinois
|
38,886
|
289
|
39,175
|
|
Pennsylvania
|
38,282
|
375
|
38,657
|
|
Maryland
|
35,981
|
332
|
36,313
|
|
Puerto Rico
|
32,867
|
410
|
33,277
|
* From the beginning of the epidemic through 2009.
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Persons Living with an AIDS Diagnosis
At the end of 2008, the estimated number of persons living with
an AIDS diagnosis in the United States and dependent areas was 490,696.
In the 50 states and the District of Columbia, this included 479,161 adults and
adolescents, and 707 children under age 13 years at the end of
the year.
Estimated numbers resulted from statistical adjustment that accounted for delays
in reporting to the health department (but not for incomplete reporting) and missing
risk factor information, where appropriate.
Because of delays in reporting of deaths, data are only available through the end
of 2008. The exclusion of data from the most recent year allows at least 18 months
for deaths to be reported and for these persons to be removed from calculations
of persons living with an AIDS diagnosis.
Totals include persons of unknown race/ethnicity. Because totals for the estimated
numbers were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the
subpopulation values may not equal the totals.
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Deaths of Persons with an AIDS Diagnosis
In 2008, the estimated number of deaths of persons with an AIDS
diagnosis in the United States and dependent areas was 16,605.
In the 50 states and the District of Columbia, this included 16,084
adults and adolescents, and 4 children under age 13 years.
The cumulative estimated number of deaths of persons with an AIDS
diagnosis in the United States and dependent areas, through 2008, was 617,025.
In the 50 states and the District of Columbia, this included 589,547
adults and adolescents, and 4,949 children under age 13 years at
death.
Deaths of persons with an AIDS diagnosis may be due to any cause.
Estimated numbers resulted from statistical adjustment that accounted for delays
in reporting to the health department (but not for incomplete reporting) and missing
risk factor information, where appropriate. Because of delays in reporting of deaths,
data are only available through the end of 2008. The exclusion of data from the
most recent year allows at least 18 months for deaths of persons with an AIDS diagnosis
to be reported.
Totals include persons of unknown race/ethnicity. Because totals for the estimated
numbers were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the
subpopulation values may not equal the totals.
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State-by-State HIV infection and AIDS Data
- NCHHSTP
State Profiles
- Statehealthfacts.org
provides state-by-state information about new and cumulative AIDS diagnoses, AIDS
diagnosis rates, persons living with an AIDS diagnosis, AIDS deaths, diagnoses of
HIV infections, HIV testing statistics and policies, additional AIDS-related state
policies, Ryan White funding and funding for HIV prevention, and AIDS Drug Assistance
Programs, including budget, client, and expenditure data from the Kaiser Family
Foundation.
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International Statistics
For the most up-to-date information on international HIV infection and AIDS statistics,
visit the Joint United
Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS.
For current statistics on the number of reported AIDS cases in North, Central, and
South America, please contact the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) which is the regional
office for the Americas of the World Health Organization at 525 23rd Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20037, telephone: 202-861-4346.
Other international Web sites available are the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
This article was last modified in: 06/18/2012