population biology of streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from oropharyngeal carriage and invasive disease.

NLM AIDSLINE Population biology of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from oropharyngeal carriage and invasive disease. Muller-Graf CD; Whatmore AM; King SJ; Trzcinski K; Pickerill AP; Doherty
March 30, 2000

Microbiology. 1999 Nov;145 ( Pt 11):3283-93. Unique Identifier : The population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae in a sample of 134 carried antibiotic-susceptible isolates, and 53 resistant and susceptible invasive isolates, was examined using a DNA-based version of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis: multilocus restriction typing (MLRT). This involved RFLP analysis of PCR products generated from nine loci of housekeeping genes located around the pneumococcal chromosome. The combination of alleles at each of the nine loci gave an allelic profile or restriction type (RT). All carried (throat or nasopharyngeal) isolates from children or adults in Oxford and Manchester, UK, and from an HIV-seropositive cohort in Nairobi, Kenya, showed an epidemic population structure. Twelve carried clonal groups, each with different serotypes, were identified at both locations within the UK. Almost all of the carried clones examined (16/17) were found to possess identical RTs or sequence types (STs) to invasive isolates, indicating that frequently carried clones are also associated with cases of invasive disease. As expected from previous studies, the population of 53 invasive, mainly penicillin-resistant, isolates was also found to be at linkage equilibrium. Serotype switching was identified among 14% of RTs that possessed two or more members, or 5.7% of individual isolates within these RTs. In support of a population structure in which there is frequent recombination, there is also clear evidence that the trpA/B locus within pneumococci has evolved by horizontal gene transfer. A non-serotypable isolate from an HIV-seropositive patient in Kenya was clearly genetically distinct from other strains studied, with unique alleles at eight out of nine loci examined. However, it was initially identified as a pneumococcus by a 16S RNA gene probe (Gen-Probe), optochin susceptibility and the presence of pneumolysin and autolysin. JOURNAL ARTICLE Adolescence Adult Antibiotics/PHARMACOLOGY Bacterial Typing Techniques Base Sequence Carrier State/EPIDEMIOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY Child Child, Preschool Drug Resistance, Microbial Epidemiology, Molecular Female Genes, Bacterial/GENETICS Genetics, Population Human HIV Seropositivity Molecular Sequence Data Oropharynx/MICROBIOLOGY Pneumococcal Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length Streptococcus pneumoniae/CLASSIFICATION/DRUG EFFECTS/GENETICS Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Variation (Genetics) Virulence

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Information in this article was accurate in March 30, 2000. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.