pediatric hiv disease: a 3 year prospective study.

NLM AIDSLINE Pediatric HIV disease: a 3 year prospective study. Malek AN; Mukelabai K; Nyumbu M; Nyaywa S; Iuo N; University Teaching
December 30, 1990

Int Conf AIDS. 1990 Jun 20-23;6(3):103 (abstract no. S.B.30). Unique OBJECTIVE: A prospective study to determine and quantify the short and long term sequelae of Pediatric HIV Disease. METHODS: Based on clinical suspicion of immunodeficiency 623 suspected inpatients and their mothers were screened for anti-HIV antibodies using ELISA (Abbott & Wellcosyme). 198 diagnosed as having HIV Disease were followed monthly, out of which 53 cases with whom we started were followed for a complete 36 months, and the remaining 145, were recruited during the study, to determine the pattern of illnesses occurring as a result of HIV Disease. RESULTS: Of 623 suspected children, 198 (31.8%) were seropositive. Age range 2 months to 8 years (peak between 1-2 years, Male/Female ratio 1:1.1; 190 (95.9%) were born to seropositive mothers. The 53 patients followed for 36 months required re-admission on average 6-8 times. The spectrum of diseases occurring in the 198 cases, at time of presentation, review or re-admission were acute gastroenteritis in 192 (97.0%), failure to thrive with severe malnutrition in 172 (86.8%), oropharyngeal candiadiasis 81 (41.0%), pneumonias in 66 (33.3%), pulmonary tuberculosis in 43 (21.7%); anemia in 36 (18.1%), suppurative otitis media in 32 (16.1%); cancrum oris in 31 (15.6%), malaria in 28 (14.1%), papular skin eruption in 16 (8.1%), C.N.S. diseases 9 (4.5%), measles in 8 (4.0%), Kaposi's Sarcoma 6 (3.0%). Eighty-two out of 198 died (41.4%), 39 (19.6%) died during the first admission, and of the 53 followed for 36 months 41 are dead. CONCLUSION: Pediatric HIV Disease carries very high morbidity and mortality, with very low survival rate; it presents with a multiplicity of severe systemic infections, acute diarrheal disorder, and malnutrition. Candidiasis/COMPLICATIONS/MORTALITY Child Child, Preschool Female Gastroenteritis/COMPLICATIONS/MORTALITY Human HIV Antibodies/IMMUNOLOGY HIV Seropositivity/DIAGNOSIS Infant Male Morbidity Pneumonia/COMPLICATIONS/MORTALITY Prospective Studies Sarcoma, Kaposi's/ETIOLOGY/MORTALITY ABSTRACT

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Information in this article was accurate in December 30, 1990. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.