Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1991 Mar;35(3):410-6. Unique Identifier :
The alpha-(1-3)-D-mannose- and alpha-(1-6)-D-mannose-specific
agglutinins (lectins) from Galanthus nivalis, Hippeastrum hybrid,
Narcissus pseudonarcissus, and Listera ovata inhibited infection of MT-4
cells by human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2)
and simian immunodeficiency virus at concentrations comparable to the
concentrations at which dextran sulfate (molecular weight, 5,000
[DS-5000]) inhibits these viruses (50% effective concentration, 0.2 to
0.6 microgram/ml). Unlike DS-5000, however, the plant lectins did not
inhibit the replication of other enveloped viruses, except for human
cytomegalovirus (50% effective concentration, 0.9 to 1.6 microgram/ml).
The plant lectins suppressed syncytium formation between persistently
HIV-1- or HIV-2-infected HUT-78 cells and uninfected MOLT-4 (clone 8)
cells at concentrations that were 5- to 10-fold lower than that required
for DS-5000. Unlike DS-5000, however, the plant lectins did not inhibit
HIV-1 binding to CD4+ cells. Combination of the plant lectins with
DS-5000 led to a potent synergistic inhibition of HIV-1-induced
cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells and syncytium formation between
HIV-infected HUT-78 cells and MOLT-4 cells. Our data suggest that
alpha-(1-3)-D- and alpha-(1-6)-D-mannose-specific plant lectins
interfere with an event in the HIV replicative cycle that is subsequent
to the attachment of the virions to the cells (i.e., the fusion
process).
Antibodies, Monoclonal/METABOLISM Antigens, CD4/IMMUNOLOGY Antiviral
Agents/*PHARMACOLOGY Cells, Cultured Cytomegalovirus/*DRUG
EFFECTS/METABOLISM Human HIV-1/*DRUG EFFECTS/METABOLISM
Lectins/*PHARMACOLOGY Mannose/*PHARMACOLOGY Plant
Extracts/PHARMACOLOGY Support, Non-U.S. Gov't SIV/*DRUG
EFFECTS/METABOLISM JOURNAL ARTICLE