antibiotic premedication--prevention of subacute bacterial endocarditis in methadone maintenance patients.

NLM AIDSLINE Antibiotic premedication--prevention of subacute bacterial endocarditis in methadone maintenance patients. Reich D; McEachrane D; Quart A; North Central Bronx Hospital, New York
December 30, 1994

Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(2):137 (abstract no. PB0563). Unique OBJECTIVES: To assess prevalence or oral risk factors associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis in heterosexual HIV(+) and HIV(-) methadone patients. METHODS: Two hundred and ninety seven patients at a predominantly minority indigent methadone maintenance treatment center were examined for oral, dental and periodontal disease. 118 were HIV(+), 179 HIV(-). Medical history was obtained from patient questionnaires, review of medical chart, and consultation with patients' medical providers. Patients identified as being at risk for subacute bacterial endocarditis: 1) past medical history of rheumatic fever 2) endocarditis or 3) valvular heart disease) were given antibiotic prophylaxis prior to, and post, invasive examination (e.g. periodontal) and procedure (e.g. injections, scaling and extractions). RESULTS: Number of patients requiring antibiotic premedication. TABULAR DATA, SEE ABSTRACT VOLUME. Thirty-five patients had one risk factor, while 25 had multiple risk factors. 30 of these patients were HIV(+), 30 HIV(-). CONCLUSIONS: Prior to performing invasive exam/procedures on patients with a history of intravenous drug abuse, dentists must have a complete history and physical pertaining to risk factors for subacute bacterial endocarditis for each patient. The 20% of patients requiring antibiotic premedication was much greater than that found in the general population (4%). Of these patients, 25.4% were HIV(+), 16.8% HIV(-). Antibiotics/THERAPEUTIC USE AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/COMPLICATIONS/PREVENTION & CONTROL Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial/COMPLICATIONS/PREVENTION & CONTROL Female Human HIV Infections/COMPLICATIONS Male Methadone/THERAPEUTIC USE *Premedication Risk Factors Substance Abuse, Intravenous/COMPLICATIONS ABSTRACT

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Information in this article was accurate in December 30, 1994. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.