disease in children infected with hiv in abidjan, cote d'ivoire.

NLM AIDSLINE Disease in children infected with HIV in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Lucas SB; Peacock CS; Hounnou A; Brattegaard K; Koffi K; Honde M; Andoh
August 30, 1996

BMJ. 1996 Feb 10;312(7027):335-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE OBJECTIVE--To document the range of disease in African children infected with HIV. DESIGN--Necropsy results in consecutive children aged 1 month or more who were HIV positive and in children who were HIV negative for comparison; IgA western blots on serum samples from children under 2 years of age who were positive for HIV-1 to test the validity of routine HIV serology. SETTING--Largest hospital in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. SUBJECTS--78 children who were HIV positive and 77 children who were HIV negative on whom a necropsy was performed; their median ages at death were 18 and 21 months respectively. 36 HIV positive children and 29 HIV negative children were 1-14 months old; 42 HIV positive and 48 HIV negative children were > or = 15 months old. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Cause of death and prevalence of diseases confirmed pathologically. RESULTS--Respiratory tract infections were more common in HIV positive than in HIV negative children (73 (94%) v 52 (68%); P < 0.05), and were aetiologically heterogeneous. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was found in 11 out of 36 (31%) HIV positive children aged < 15 months, but in no HIV negative children. Among older children measles was more common in HIV positive children (8/42 (19%) v 2/48 (4%); P < 0.06). Pyogenic meningitis was present in similar proportions of HIV positive and HIV negative children aged < 15 months (7/36 (19%) and 7/29 (24%)). In HIV positive children tuberculosis (1/78), lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (1/78), and HIV encephalitis (2/78) were rare. CONCLUSIONS--There is greater overlap between diseases associated with HIV infection and other common health problems in African children than there is in adults. Compared with adults, HIV positive children had a high prevalence of P carinii pneumonia and a low prevalence of tuberculosis. Measles, but not malaria, was associated with HIV infection. Autopsy AIDS Dementia Complex/EPIDEMIOLOGY AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY Cause of Death Cote d'Ivoire/EPIDEMIOLOGY Human HIV Infections/COMPLICATIONS/*MORTALITY HIV Seronegativity HIV Seropositivity/COMPLICATIONS Infant Malaria/EPIDEMIOLOGY Measles/EPIDEMIOLOGY Meningitis/EPIDEMIOLOGY Prevalence Respiratory Tract Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. JOURNAL ARTICLE

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Information in this article was accurate in August 30, 1996. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.