the effects of the hiv-1 envelope protein gp120 on the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines in mixed glial cell cultures.

NLM AIDSLINE The effects of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 on the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines in mixed glial cell cultures. Kong LY; Wilson BC; McMillian MK; Bing G; Hudson PM; Hong JS; Section of
January 30, 1997

Cell Immunol. 1996 Aug 25;172(1):77-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE Although the neurotoxicity induced by the HIV envelope protein, gp120, has been demonstrated to require the presence of glial cells (microglia/astrocytes), the mechanisms for the gp120-induced neurotoxicity are not well understood. Moreover, the neurotoxic potencies of gp120s obtained from various HIV isolates are different. Since nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6) produced by glial cells have been involved in the neuropathogenesis of various diseases, this study examined the effects of gp120 obtained from two strains, HIV-1IIIB and HIV-1SF2, of the HIV-1 virus on the production of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 in murine primary mixed glial cell cultures. The glial cells exposed to HIV-1IIIB gp120 released NO, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner, whereas IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta were undetectable. The cells exposed to HIV-1SF2 gp120 increased the release of IL-6 only. The gp120-induced effects were significantly enhanced by priming glial cells with IFN-gamma. To investigate the cellular sources and mechanisms of the gp120-induced IL-6 production, in situ hybridization with mRNA for IL-6 was performed in HIV-1IIIB gp120- or HIV-1SF2 gp120-stimulated microgliaenriched or astrocyte-enriched cultures. HIV-1IIIB gp120 or HIV-1SF2 gp120 induced the expression of IL-6 mRNA in both microglia-enriched and astrocyte-enriched cultures, indicating that both microglia and astrocytes produce IL-6, and that the transcriptional regulation is involved in the gp120-induced IL-6 production. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the production of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-1, or IL-6 from glial cells is differentially regulated by HIV-1IIIB gp120 and HIV-1SF2 gp120. These results may provide insights into the roles of NO and proinflammatory cytokines in the neurotoxicity of gp120s and the neuropathology of different strains of HIV-1 viruses. Cytokines/BIOSYNTHESIS HIV Envelope Protein gp120/IMMUNOLOGY HIV-1/IMMUNOLOGY Neuroglia/IMMUNOLOGY *Nitric Oxide/BIOSYNTHESIS

Most Read: Latest Added Related Topics White House LGBT Conference on HIV/AIDS UNITED STATES: White House in Atlanta: LGBT AIDS Conference No more single-theme conferences: global HIV prevention conference planned FHI 360 Senior Scientist Lut Van Damme Receives International Microbicide Conference Lifetime Achievement Award Equatorial Guinea Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and UNICEF Refute Erroneous AIDS Prevalence Figures Photographs from A Day with HIV Now Online Bulgaria urges Libya to investigate AIDS nurses case Engineers enter fight against AIDS in Africa Gilead’s Complera® Non-Inferior to Atripla® Among Treatment-Naive HIV Patients UN chief Ban calls world leaders to end Aids by 2020 OHIO: Phila Health Department HIV Testing Well-Received CONNECTICUT: City's Circle Care Center is a Model for HIV Prevention UNITED STATES: New Compound Excels at Killing Persistent and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis INDIA: India Faces TB Drug Shortage, Warns International Medical Org ALASKA: After Topping List for Chlamydia Rates, Alaska Seeing Some Improvement Tanzania: Police Abuse, Torture, Impede HIV Services Growing HIV/AIDS awareness in Indonesia's Papua region South Africa: Catastrophe as Eastern Cape drug stock-outs continue Community-led programmes critical to progress on AIDS in Sri Lanka One in Four Surveyed EU5 Physicians Has Been Required to Change a Prescription for Some or Most of Their HIV Patients in the Past Twelve Months, Primarily to Reduce Costs OHIO: Phila Health Department HIV Testing Well-Received CONNECTICUT: City's Circle Care Center is a Model for HIV Prevention TAIWAN: HIV/AIDS Spreading to Younger People in Taiwan FLORIDA: Groups Offering Free HIV Testing INDIA: HIV Prevention Among Female Sex Workers in India Reduces HIV and Syphilis Tanzania: Police Abuse, Torture, Impede HIV Services Growing HIV/AIDS awareness in Indonesia's Papua region US program marks birth of one millionth HIV-free baby One in Four Surveyed EU5 Physicians Has Been Required to Change a Prescription for Some or Most of Their HIV Patients in the Past Twelve Months, Primarily to Reduce Costs How long can one born with HIV live?
Information in this article was accurate in January 30, 1997. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.