electroretinographic and psychophysical findings during early and late stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection and cytomegalovirus retinitis.

NLM AIDSLINE Electroretinographic and psychophysical findings during early and late stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection and cytomegalovirus retinitis. Latkany PA; Holopigian K; Lorenzo-Latkany M; Seiple W; Department of
June 30, 1997

Ophthalmology. 1997 Mar;104(3):445-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PURPOSE: The authors examined electrophysiologic and psychophysical measures of retinal function in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at different stages of infection, including patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis CMVR). METHODS: All patients had complete ophthalmologic examinations. Rod-mediated psychophysical thresholds were measured using a modified two-color dark-adapted perimetry technique. Rod-dominated full field flash electroretinograms ERGs) were obtained as a function of flash intensity, followed by cone-dominated ERGs. The 26 patients infected with HIV (26 eyes) were categorized into three groups. Six patients were infected with HIV but had not progressed to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and 14 had AIDS. Six patients had CMVR with less than 10% of the retina involved. The data were compared with results from age-similar control subjects. RESULTS: Psychophysical thresholds as a function of retinal eccentricity were elevated for each of the three stages of HIV infection. The group of patients with CMVR had the greatest amount of threshold elevation and threshold elevation increased with retinal eccentricity. In addition, all three patient groups had abnormal electroretinographic findings. Patients with CMVR were affected more severely on all measures than were the other HIV-infected groups. CONCLUSIONS: Results reveal that a diffuse functional retinal pathology exists in eyes with the funduscopic appearance of localized peripheral CMVR. Additionally, patients infected with HIV, including those without cotton wool spots, may have abnormal retinal function. Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY Electroretinography HIV Infections/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY Photoreceptors/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY

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Information in this article was accurate in June 30, 1997. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.