Inflammation is a broad term for what happens in the body when the immune system is activated to counter a threat. A healthy immune response is key to good health, but ongoing immune activation
and inflammation due to a persistent threat such as chronic HIV infection can lead to many different problems throughout the body.
Among people with HIV, combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced the risk of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses (OIs) and mortality directly related to immune suppression. But as HIV positive people survive longer, they are at increased risk for a variety of non-AIDS conditions even when their CD4 cell counts are high.
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