(Producer) This tape describes which body fluids are most infectious, ways of identifying patients at higher risk and the appropriate infection control measures specific to prenatal, labor and delivery, postpartum and nursery settings. It acknowledges nurses fears, presenting interviews with nurses who tell of thei
El Cerrito, CA : Long Island Productions, [1989] 1 videocassette (15 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in (Safety training) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9000332A
AIDS Clinical Review 1989. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, 250 p., 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659408
Anonymous; No affiliation given
This is the first in a series of yearly volumes that will focus on important advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of HIV infection and HIV-associated complications. Authors critically examine the latest clinical research on their topics, especially articles and abstracts published in the pa
AIDS Clinical Review 1989. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 1-17, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659409
Osmond DH; Moss AR; Univ. of California--San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
The Public Health Service (PHS) estimate of the prevalence of HIV infection in the US is examined. The authors argue that the PHS estimate of 1-1.5 million infected Americans is too high by a factor of two; their midrange estimate of the number of seropositives in the US is about 650,000. Estimation methods used in th
AIDS Clinical Review 1989. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 69-93, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659411
Hessol NA; Lifson AR; Rutherford GW; AIDS Office, San Francisco Dept. of Public Health, San Francisco,; CA
Although tremendous strides have been made in understanding the natural history of HIV infection and predictors of disease progression, there are still many scientific issues that need better resolution. The epidemiology and natural history studies of HIV infection in homosexual and bisexual men, iv drug users, and bl
AIDS Clinical Review 1989. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 95-108, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659412
Kanki PJ; Harvard Sch. of Public Health, Boston, MA
In 1985, a new human T-lymphotropic retrovirus, now termed HIV-2, was discovered in Senegal , West Africa. The virology and biology of HIV-2 are detailed. Genetic analysis has shown HIV-2 to be most closely related to simian immunodeficiency virus (less than 20% difference) and mor
AIDS Clinical Review 1989. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 151-91, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659413
Levy RM; Bredesen DE; Northwestern Univ. Medical Sch., Chicago, IL
Neurologic illness can arise not only from opportunistic infections and neoplasms but also from primary HIV-1 infection of the nervous system. Research on HIV-1-related cognitive dysfunction relative to clinical stages of HIV-1 infection is reviewed, including phases of CNS infection and cognitive dysfunction in patie
AIDS Clinical Review 1989. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 193-204, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659414
Kaplan LD; Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA
Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin s disease (HD) are described in patients (pts) with HIV infection. The etiology of NHL in this population remains unclear. The most prominent clinical feature of NHL in the setting of HIV infection is the presence of extralymphatic disease, and NHL should always be considered i
AIDS Clinical Review 1989. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 221-42, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659415
Fischl MA; Univ. of Miami Sch. of Medicine, Miami, FL
Zidovudine ( AZT ) is effective in the treatment of patients with advanced HIV disease, and it is likely that intervention with AZT early in the course of symptomatic HIV infection will prevent or delay progression to AIDS or AIDS-related illnesses and
Cancer Growth Prog; 8:125-9 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659468
Kaiser HE; Dept. of Pathology, Sch. of Medicine, Univ. of Maryland, 10 South; Pine St., Baltimore, MD 21201
Desmal epithelia are a pseudotype because of their mesodermal origin. Based on phylogeny and ontogeny, there are three distinct types: (1) epithelia of serous cavities (pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial), (2) endothelia of vessels (blood vessels in most animals with closed or mixed circulatory systems and lymph ves
Pathology of AIDS: Textbook and Atlas of Diseases Associated with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott, 243 p., 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659508
Ioachim HL; Dept. of Pathology, Lenox Hill Hosp., New York, NY
This two-part textbook and atlas provides the information and illustrations necessary to recognize the many forms of diseases associated with AIDS. The textbook details approx 30 viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, degenerative, and neoplastic diseases according to their etiology. Ophthalmic and cutaneous disorders a
Human retroviruses were discussed at a meeting of the UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology, held February 4-11, 1989, in Tamarron, Colorado. Abstracts of the plenary and poster sessions are provided. The plenary sessions focused on HTLV molecular biology, epidemiology and clinical aspects of HTLV, structure
As of February 1989, slightly more than 1400 cases of AIDS in children have been reported to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), reflecting less than 2% of total cases reported to date. However, authorities project as many as 20,000 children with AIDS will be described during the next several years. CDC criteria (t
AIDS Updates; 2(4):1-10 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659640
Fischinger PJ; Medical Univ. of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
The need for an effective vaccine against AIDS is of global importance, especially where HIV is not confined to select populations practicing high-risk behavior and can be construed as yet another sexually transmitted disease. A particularly difficult element in HIV control is the fact that during early phases of infe
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, 522 p., 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659641
Anonymous; No affiliation given
Since 1984, a great deal of progress has been made in combating the ever-increasing AIDS epidemic. This book aims to present the latest, rapid methods of diagnosing AIDS and opportunistic infections and to increase understanding of the pathogenesis of AIDS. The first three sections provide an overview of sexually tran
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 237-49 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659645
Selik RM; Curran JW; AIDS Program, CDC, Atlanta, GA
Statistics on AIDS and HIV infection in the United States are summarized and discussed based on CDC data. AIDS case definitions have been modified and do not include all the manifestations of HIV infection. As of December 5, 1988, CDC had received reports of 79,823 cases of AIDS in the
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 251-64 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659646
Safai B; Cornell Univ. Medical Coll., New York, NY
Before the epidemic of AIDS, Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) was considered a rare tumor, occurring in cluster distribution of immune dysfunction, genetic predisposition, and possibly repeated and persistent infections in a given host. In the AIDS epidemic, KS appears to be more aggressive, involving skin, lymph nodes, and gast
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 265-83 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659647
Grundman M; Felder MS; Donnenfeld H; Masdeu JC; New York Medical Coll., New York, NY
Neurologic symptoms occur in up to two-thirds of all patients (pts) with AIDS during their lifetime, and 75-90% of pts with AIDS have neuropathologic changes at autopsy. About 10% of pts with AIDS present with a neurologic complaint as their initial manifestation of the disease. The neurologic complications of AIDS ca
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 311-23 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659648
Hofmann B; Gerstoft J; Lindhardt BO; Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Univ. of California Sch. of; Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
AIDS in Europe and aspects of AIDS immunodeficiency are reviewed, including epidemiology, prevalence of HIV antibodies, function of T-cell subsets from patients with AIDS, function of AIDS accessory cells, active suppression of the proliferative responses by AIDS cells or soluble factors, role of cytokines in AIDS, cy
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 355-70 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659649
Myskowski PL; Safai B; Cornell Univ. Medical Coll., New York, NY
Four types of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) have been recognized: classic KS, African KS, KS in immunocompromised individuals, and KS in AIDS. Although the types of KS share a common histology, the important differences in clinical course and complicating factors (eg, opportunistic infections) have mandated varied treatment a
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 373-82 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659650
Cunningham-Rundles S; Dept. of Pediatrics, The New York Hosp., Cornell Univ. Medical; Center, New York, NY
A number of questions remain concerning the differences among patients (pts) with AIDS in relation to (1) the time required for development of frank AIDS in persons infected with the virus, (2) disease course, (3) potential response to therapy, and (4) whether a balanced carrier state can occur naturally or be achieve
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 419-32 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659652
Preble OT; Eyster ME; Gelmann EP; Goedert JJ; AIDS Review Section, Program and Project Review Branch, Natl.; Inst. of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD
Initial results of tests for interferon (IFN) in patients (pts) with AIDS or prodromal illnesses showed that most homosexual pts with AIDS and each of three hemophiliacs with AIDS had significant titers of an alpha-IFN with biologic properties similar to the acid-labile alpha-IFN in pts with prototype autoimmune disea
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 433-45 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659653
Siegal FP; Section of Hematology Res., Div. of Hematology/Oncology, Long; Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY
HIV exerts profound effects on the complex systems of host defense at almost all levels of function. Although its most obvious, and perhaps principal, target is the helper T-lymphocyte population expressing the T4 marker, other cells are involved. Since AIDS, as defined by the CDC, represents the end stage of what is
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 471-7 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659655
Kean BH; Dept. of Medicine, Div. of International Medicine, Cornell Univ.; Medical Coll., New York, NY
AIDS already has had an enormous effect in the United States and throughout the world, with 5-10 million people thought to be infected in 135 countries; 250,000 already dead or about to die; 365,000 cases projected for the United States by 1992; and an estimated 22 billion dollars of c
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 383-90 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659651
Fitzgerald-Bocarsly P; Lopez C; Siegal FP; Dept. of Pathology, Univ. of Medicine and Dentistry of New; Jersey, New Jersey Medical Sch., Newark, NJ
AIDS is characterized by profound deficiencies in the immune system that lead to opportunistic infections (OIs) or neoplasms in affected individuals. Immunologic defects that have been described in AIDS are reviewed under the following headings: T-cell-mediated immunity, B-lymphocyte deficiencies, natural killer cells
Oral manifestations in HIV infected individuals are common and may occur as mycotic, bacterial or viral infections neoplasms or manifestations of unknown etiology. Some of the oral manifestations may be of importance in early diagnosis of HIV infection. In particular, oral candidiasis occurring as pseudomembranous, er
Ohkubo T; Shibata M; Takahashi H; Yamada Y; Kaya H; Honda T; Aono K; Kawagoe M; Nagaoka S; Takeda Y
The present study was designed to elucidate the blood reflux into cartridge under infiltration anesthesia. When imitation examination was carried out using pontamine blue dye solution in 7 kinds of syringes for the use of cartridge, dye reflux was observed in all of them. Compared 4 kinds of cartridges on the market,
J Korean Med Sci. 1989 Jun;4(2):103-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90088845
Lee GK; Lee YS; Park SH; Chi JG; Kim YI; Choe KW; Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul National; University, Korea.
Authors report the first autopsy case of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Korea. The patient was a 26 years old Korean male who died of respiratory failure due to mixed pulmonary infections. He had history of homosexual contacts with partners of both domestic and foreign nationalities. Initial presentation was u
Maeda K; Takahashi M; Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical College, Japan.
Eight cases of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) with cutaneous involvement were studied. The clinical and histological features of these cases were recorded and immunohistochemistry carried out using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to T-cell differentiation antigens. Patients with ATLL showed distinct differenc
Kypr J; Mrazek J; Reich J; Institute of Biophysics, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Brno.
Nucleotide compositions of the HIV subfamily and HTLV 1/2 genomes are strongly biased in a remarkably opposite way; HIV is adenine-rich and cytosine-poor while HTLV 1/2 is cytosine-rich and adenine-poor. In addition, the CpG dinucleotides are underrepresented in HIV but abundant in HTLV 1/2. By these two properties th
Bull N Y Acad Med. 1989 Jun;65(5):608-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90089721
Schneider WJ; Hait MR; Jenkins JL
HIV infection in the workplace reflects the dimensions and distribution of the problem in the community at large. Despite this, accommodation of ill employees has been the general pattern and disruptions of any kind the exception. Corporate medical departments can be important participants in the clinical and social r
Carr ND; Mercey D; Slack WW; Department of Gastroenterology, Middlesex Hospital, London, UK.
This retrospective study details the findings and outcome in 34 homosexual men, out of a total of 177 patients, who underwent surgery for non-condylomatous perianal disease over a 2-year period. Of 34 homosexuals 20 presented with anorectal sepsis compared with 11 of 79 heterosexual male patients (X2 = 24.07, P less t
McCarty M; Choudhri AH; Helbert M; Crofton ME; Department of Radiology, St Mary's Hospital, London.
Cryptosporidial infection is one of the recognised causes of diarrhoea in AIDS patients. It may also produce biliary tract disease. Fifteen out of 250 (6%) AIDS patients seen at our hospital had Cryptosporidial enteritis and five of the 15 (2% total) had clinical evidence of biliary tract disease. The radiological fin
This revision of the General Recommendations on Immunization updates the 1982 statement. Changes or new sections include (1) listing of vaccines available in the United States by type and recommended routes, (2) updated schedules for immunizing infants and children, (3) clarification o
Health Soc Work. 1989 Nov;14(4):253-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90093160
Borden W; School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago,; IL 60637.
In this article, the author describes developmental and clinical issues in the use of life review as a therapeutic frame in psychotherapy of young adults with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Presentation of clinical data suggests that elaboration of life narratives, by means of reminiscence, may help people to re
The majority of HIV-infected inpatients are treated in departments of internal medicine. For the conditions of the west-german health service it was studied, if and how psychiatric symptoms of HIV-positive inpatients of a University Hospital for internal medicine require a psychiatrist. The evaluation of the suicide r
Int J Addict. 1989 Jun;24(6):515-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90093542
Kipke MD; Drucker E; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New; York 10467.
The Needle Sharing Inventory (NSI) is a 59-item test developed to specify and assess behavior patterns associated with drug use and needle sharing. In order to determine its reliability and construct validity, the NSI was administered to 80 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) recruited from a methadone maintenance program
Int J Addict. 1989 Jul;24(7):609-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90093544
Lange WR; Ball JC; Pfeiffer MB; Snyder FR; Cone EJ; Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse,; Baltimore, Maryland.
The demographics, drug habits, and medical complications of a cohort of 1,129 addicts treated at Lexington in the period 1971-1972 were studied. These patients, admitted from 41 different states, had a mean period of addiction of 5.4 years. Over one-third of the sample had engaged in pimping or prostitution, and there
Int J Pept Protein Res. 1989 Oct;34(4):325-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90093682
Shah D; Chen JM; Carty RP; Pincus MR; Scheraga HA; Academic Computing Facility, Courant Institute of Mathematical; Sciences, New York.
Conformational analysis, based on ECEPP (Empirical Conformational Energy Program for Peptides) using the chain build-up procedure, was applied to determine the low-energy conformations for a series of tetrapeptides. The tetrapeptides are components of larger peptides which have been found to bind to the CD4 receptor o
Ir Med J. 1989 Sep;82(3):135-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90093797
Freedman D; Shattock A; Stuart J; McLaughlin H
A report entitled Kaposi s Sarcoma and Pneumocytosis Carinii Pneumonia among homosexual men in New York City and California in the MMWR in July 1981 alerted the world to the appearance of a completely new disease. The opportunistic infections and cancers occurring in these patients had previously only been seen in pat
Khardori N; Rolston K; Rosenbaum B; Hayat S; Bodey GP; Department of Medical Specialities, University of Texas M. D.; Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
The in-vitro susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium complex isolates, obtained from immunosuppressed patients with and without the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), to various antimicrobial agents was determined. Amikacin, the 4-quinolone compounds--ciprofloxacin, temafloxacin and PD 117558--and the penem SCH
The epidemic of HIV infection and its consequences are being increasingly encountered by primary care community physicians. The management of these patients is especially challenging. Presented here is a protocol that utilizes a flow chart for laboratory and treatment decisions and a checklist highlighting signs and s
J Med Virol. 1989 Oct;29(2):82-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90095458
Koethe SM; Carrigan DR; Turner PA; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; 53226.
Monocytes and macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Dysfunction of these cells contributes to the immunocompromised state that characterizes AIDS, and they probably serve as a reservoir for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-infected macrophag
J Community Health Nurs. 1989;6(4):231-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90095491
Santopoalo T
The appearance of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has brought suffering and death to those who are afflicted. At the same time, this disease has posed enormous challenges to those who care for the sufferers, to biomedical scientists, and to those responsible for public health and social policy. The issue ad
Intravenous nurses are at risk for infection with blood-borne pathogens to the extent that they are directly exposed to blood. By classifying work-related tasks according to potential for exposure and by implementing appropriate precautions for each task, the I.V. nurse s risk of infection can be minimized.
When I.V. nurses treat I.V. drug abusers, they must be aware of the medical and psychosocial issues relevant to this group. Medical issues include the I.V. drug abuser s depleted venous access and this group s high rate of infection with HIV and other blood pathogens. Psychosocial issues relate to the various social a
128 cases of ATL (adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma) were divided into 3 subgroups, 70 cases of acute type, 19 cases of chronic type and 39 cases of lymphoma type, and their prognosis were evaluated. Median survival time from the onset of acute type using Kaplan-Meier method was 8 months, that of lymphoma type was 14 mon
Preventive medicine of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) was discussed from four points of view, namely (1) seroepidemiology, (2) clinical laboratory findings of HTLV-I seropositive and seronegative groups in comparison with those of ATL patients, (3) relationship between genetic polymorphisms of 4 serum proteins and HTLV-I
Soriano V; Tor J; Ribera A; Clotet B; Muga R; Martin J; Foz M
The presence of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) was retrospectively investigated in serum samples from 433 parenteral drug abusers from Barcelona. A third generation ELISA was used for the initial screening of sera, and a specific western blot technique for the definitive confirmation of
Agarwal A; Soni A; Ciechanowsky M; Chander P; Treser G; Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Lincoln; Hospital, Bronx.
Of 103 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) admitted for acute opportunistic infections, 36 had serum sodium less than or equal to 130 mEq/l (130 mmol/l). In 12 the hyponatremia was associated with volume depletion and corrected with saline replacement therapy. In 23 it was associated with the s
Tappero P; Merlino C; Angeretti A; Cavallo R; Vai S; Negro Ponzi A
Serological markers of HIV and HBV infections were studied in 90 drug addicts who died in 1988 and were medicolegally autopsied at the Institute of Forensic Sciences, University of Turin. Nineteen (21.1%) displayed evidence of HIV infection, demonstrated by the presence of anti-HIV antibodies; fifty-nine (65.5%) HBV i
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(24):9798-802. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90099352
Nosaka T; Siomi H; Adachi Y; Ishibashi M; Kubota S; Maki M; Hatanaka M; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
The posttranscriptional regulator (rex) of human T-cell leukemia virus type I is known to be located predominantly in the cell nucleolus and to induce the accumulation of gag and env viral mRNAs. The N-terminal 19 amino acids of rex-encoded protein (Rex) has been shown to be sufficient to direct hybrid proteins to the
When confronted by Aids, nurses may react in different ways, but they must always keep the rights of the individual sacrosanct. This article illustrates how individual rights may be ignored simply because people have become entangled in the Aids issue.
Res Nurs Health. 1989 Dec;12(6):339-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90099900
Flaskerud JH; Nyamathi AM; School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024-1702.
As part of a larger study designed to provide an AIDS education and prevention program for low-income black and Latina women in Los Angeles County, a pilot study of black (n = 51) and Latina (n = 56) womens AIDS related knowledge, attitudes and practices was conducted to gather baseline data and to test an instrument
The occurrence of laboratory-acquired infections have elicited in the last ten years an intense interest in methods and procedures for the safe handling of microbiological material. The major laboratory safety problem is aerial transmission, however, protection against airborne hazards is efficiently achieved by the u
To describe attitudes towards HIV infection in relation to sexual risk behaviour and sociodemographic factors in a representative sample of Danish men 16-55 years of age, a self-administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed in connection with a personal health interview and returned by prepaid mail. The respons
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1989 Jan-Feb;83(1):103-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90101045
Fox E; Abbatte EA; Wassef HH; Woody JN; Said-Salah; Sidrak W; Constantine NT; US Naval Medical Research Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
To determine if the HIV-epidemic had reached Djibouti by autumn 1987, we investigated 645 subjects belonging to various risk groups; 150 were patients with a disease compatible with acquired immune deficiency or with a mycobacterial infection, 115 were young males having a sexual
Ugeskr Laeger. 1989 Dec 4;151(49):3297-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90101143
Raahave D; Bremmelgaard A
The surgical team is at risk of transmission of human immunodefiency virus (HIV) from the patient, which could progress to AIDS and death. In our hospital, we have estimated a probability of 0.20% per year, and 5.82% for 30 years in surgery. In view of this we have designed new procedures for surgical handicraft to re
Ulster Med J. 1989 Oct;58(2):145-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90101185
Charlwood GP; Kerr S; Maw RD
One hundred and seventeen heterosexual males and females attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic and 57 homosexual males from a local gay club were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their attitudes and sexual practices since the emergence of AIDS. The results show a trend towards increasing partner c
Girard PM; Clair B; Certain A; Bidault R; Matheron S; Regnier B; Farinotti R; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM Unite 13, Hopital; Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Pentamidine concentrations were determined in plasma after a single aerosolization of 4 mg/kg pentamidine base on 18 patients breathing spontaneously (Group I) and in eight patients receiving mechanical ventilation (Group II). All the patients had documented pneumocystosis. Large interindividual variations in concentr
Etkin AF; Bukrinsky MI; Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, U.S.S.R.
To study heterogeneity of HIV isolates ARV-2 and strains isolated from lymphocytes of asymptomatic carriers were cloned using limiting dilutions of virus and infected CEM cells. All viral stocks turned out to be biologically heterogeneous giving clones with cytotoxic and noncytotoxic type of infection. Coinfection of
16 Patients with central nervous system (CNS) complications of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are described. All patients were male homosexuals. The most common demonstrable lesion in the parenchyma was toxoplasmosis, which produced an area of focal oedema, usually containing a central zone of nodular o
Visser CE; Boon ME; Visser PE; Kok LP; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
Human rib cartilage was irradiated with microwaves according to six different methods and transplanted into rabbits. Untreated rib cartilage preserved in Cialit served as a control. After 12 and 40 wk of implantation, the microscopic appearance of these xenogeneic cartilage transplants was given a score in comparison
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1989 Nov;14(2):193-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90105756
McGuire WL; Gabrilove J; Moore MA; Rinehart J; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284.
One of the most exciting recent developments in cancer-related research has been the discovery and understanding of colony-stimulating factors. There is now a general optimism that these factors will be used in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors, lymphomas, and leukemias, as well as in the treatment of patient
Gruber M; Beavers FE; Johnson B; Brackett M; Lopez T; Feldman MJ; Ventura M
The relationship between the level of knowledge of registered nurses (RNs) concerning acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related issues and the practical observance of universal precautions was studied. It was hypothesized that the more knowledge a nurse has concerning AIDS the more likely he or she is to imple
Community Health Stud. 1989;13(3):276-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90107356
Ross MW; Freedman B; Brew R
Matched samples of homosexually active men were obtained using identical sampling methods in a city of one million people in 1986 and 1988. Data indicated that reported sexual behaviours had significantly changed in the direction of safer sex, particularly oral sex without ejaculation, anal sex with a condom (both ins
East Afr Med J. 1989 Nov;66(11):752-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90107752
Chikwem JO; Mohammed I; Ola T
Serological investigations on female prostitutes resident in Borno State in northeastern Nigeria have shown that the seroprevalence of HIV-1 infection has increased 9.81%--fold in one year. The highest sero-prevalence rates were found amongst prostitutes who had not benefited from
East Afr Med J. 1989 Aug;66(8):499-502. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90107771
Katongole-Mbidde E; Banura C; Nakakeeto M
Genital Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) before the AIDS epidemic was rarely seen in Uganda although a case was seen in 1973, 1982, 1983 and 1985. Eight cases were seen in 1986 and another 17 cases have been documented since the beginning of 1987. Of the 29 patients, 23 were males, 6 females
Agius G; Vaillant V; Dindinaud G; Bazillou M; Zagury JF; Kolesnitchenko V; Castets M; Laboratoire de Microbiologie B, Hopital La Miletrie, Poitiers,; France.
Glick M; Trope M; Pliskin ME; Department of oral Medicine, Temple University School of; Dentistry, Philadelphia 19140.
Dental pulp tissue from a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was examined to determine the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The results found a high concentration of proviral HIV DNA.
Timon CI; Walsh MA; Toronto General Hospital, Ontario.
Two case reports of HIV positive patients presenting with sudden sensorineural hearing loss are described. The importance of CT scanning and cerebrospinal fluid examination are stressed. The possible aetiology and pathology of the condition are also discussed.
Schneider WJ; J.P. Morgan & Company, Inc., New York, NY 10015.
In a survey of 67 corporations done in 1987 and 1988, 66 were found to have had employees with human immunodeficiency virus infections. The numbers and backgrounds of the infected employees tend to reflect the experience of the surrounding community. These employees were accommodated in keeping with published public h
Atkinson JC; Yeh CK; Bermudez D; Fox PC; Baum BJ; Clinical Investigations and Patient Care Branch, National; Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Parotid and submandibular gland function were evaluated in 12 HIV-1 antibody-positive men at two visits separated by a median interval of 14.5 months (range 6-22 months). Unstimulated and stimulated flow rates, and the concentrations of total protein, lysozyme, albumin and lactoferrin in these secretions, were determi
Zhang X; Langford A; Gelderblom H; Reichart P; Department of Oral Pathology, Beijing Medical University, Haidian; Weigongcun, China.
Oral hyperpigmentation has been observed in six HIV-infected patients, in two of whom systemic medication (ketokonazole, clofazimine) was supposed to be etiologically involved. Histologically, pigment was found in epithelial basal cells and particularly in subepithelial connective tissue. Ultrastructurally, the presen
Sheehan EP; Lennon R; McDevitt T; Department of Psychology, University of Northern Colorado,; Greeley 80639.
Previous research on the public s response to AIDS has been concerned with attitudes and knowledge in relation to the disease itself. The present study investigated American students willingness to interact in the workplace with AIDS patients and compared this with their reactions to cancer and hepatitis patients. Th
Screening tests for HIV and HTLV-I in donated blood were introduced into Japan in Nov. 1986. I) The incidence of HIV-antibody (Ab) among donated blood in Japan is hitherto as low as 1-2/500,000. However, those Ab tests used at present may overlook HIV-infected donors before of their
Nakajima O; Honna T; Ueno J; Araki K; Matsuno K; Matsumiya H; Togashi T; Shibata M; Sakurada K; Miyazaki T; et al
Anti HTLV-I antibody was measured in 590 cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) employing a gelatin particle agglutination (PA) method. Anti HTLV-I antibody was detected in the CSFs from 24 patients (4.1%). The serum from the 24 patients also showed positive results. Out of the 24 patients, 11 cases (45.8%) had HAMs. Of the rema
Iwatsuki K; Jin FX; Takigawa M; Sugaya K; Yamada M
Mouse monoclonal antibodies to HTLV-1 core proteins, p19 and p24, were obtained by hybridoma technique. The specificity was studied by indirect immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), dot blot, and Western blot studies. Polyclonal antibodies reactive with HTLV-1 viral proteins were raised by rab
Ogawa K; Kawanishi M; Matsuda S; Isono T; Seto A; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University,; Japan.
Fifteen HTLV-I carrier rabbits of two inbred strains and their F1 hybrid were inoculated with Shope carcinoma cells. The peripheral blood leukocyte counts in all these rabbits increased to 2-4 times the preinoculation level with a concomitant increase in abnormal lymphocytes. Southern blotting analyses of peripheral b
Nervous central system involvement is observed in two out of three patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and probably, the true prevalence is even higher than that clinically detected. The coexistence of neurosyphilis in this group of patients has been poorly studied and the possibility that some alterat
Younger DS; Hays AP; Uncini A; Lange DJ; Lovelace RE; DiMauro S; Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute of the Columbia; Presbyterian Medical Center, New York.
There have been few cases of polymyositis in patients with AIDS, and polymyositis is rarely a cause of myoglobinuria. We studied a 20-year-old homosexual man with recurrent myoglobinuria. He was asymptomatic between episodes. Each episode was accompanied by muscle pain, limb weakness, high serum levels of creatine kin
A survey of 341 persons, 82% of whom were university students whose median age was 27.0 yr., was conducted to investigate the relationship between their attitudes regarding mandatory AIDS testing for various groups, attitudes toward the disease, sexual orientation and behavior, and attitudes toward homosexuals. Homose
Public Health. 1989 Nov;103(6):447-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90116288
Tumbarello M; Giuliani M; Benedetti P; Pezzotti P; Valdarchi C; Abeni D; Di Fabio M; Oliva C; Ricci F; Suligoi B; et al
Because of the variety of problems connected with the AIDS epidemic, there is an urgent need for qualified information and counselling. In June 1987, The Italian Ministry of Health established a hot-line, acting within the National AIDS Operational Centre. Through the analysis of more than 39,000 calls received during
AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) seems to be related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is characterized by severe T-helpers lymphocyte dysfunction. Many of the AIDS patients (47-70%) develop pulmonary manifestations, both infectious and neoplastic, in the course of their disease. In the Department of
Davies PD; South Liverpool Chest Clinic, Sefton General Hospital, U.K.
Rates of tuberculosis in England and Wales increased slightly in 1986. Evidence is put forward to suggest that this is due to disease in older patients, particularly females. It is very unlikely, therefore, that the arrest in the decline in tuberculosis rates in the UK is related to HIV infection. Infection incurred d
Herzlich C; Pierret J; Centre de Recherches Medecine, CNRS-INSERM, Paris, France.
The analysis of articles about AIDS published from 1982 to 1986 in 6 national French dailies sheds light on how the AIDS social phenomenon was constructed during this period. The press passed information about this new disease from the medical domain into the public sphere. As the press circulated AIDS news (informa
Salud Publica Mex. 1989 Sep-Oct;31(5):642-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90117273
Alvarez-Suarez Y; Marin-Lopez A; Lobato-Mendizabal E; Galindo-Rodriguez C
We analyzed the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of seven patients with AIDS who were infected through contaminated needles or blood letting equipment; no other risk factor was identified in these patients. In the Direccion de Epidemiologia de los Servicios Coordinados de la Salud in the state of Puebla, 3
Ter Arkh. 1989;61(10):73-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90117400
Pokrovskii VI; Potekaev NS; Pokrovskii VV; Zudin BI; Irova TI
The paper is concerned with the diagnosis, clinical picture and the treatment policy of 7 patients suffering from associated syphilis and HIV infection. Some peculiarities were marked in the course and clinical picture of the syphilitic infection: the reduction of the time of the development of secondary syphilis, odd
Ugeskr Laeger. 1989 Dec 18;151(51):3482-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90117833
Ege PP
From autumn 1985 until 31.12.1988, 127 drug addicts were examined for HIV-antibodies. Twenty-five (19.7%) were positive. No connection was found between age, sex and HIV-status. The incidence of positive test results fell from 32.8% in 1985/1986 to 0% in 1988. From autumn 1987, 49 drug addicts completed a questionnair
Ugeskr Laeger. 1989 Dec 18;151(51):3484-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90117834
Ege PP
In November 1988, all of the general practitioners in the County of Frederiksborg were requested to examine drug addicts on methadone therapy for HIV antibodies in December 1988 and January 1989. 81.3% of the general practitioners returned the completed form of results which they had received. Twenty-eight of the drug
The habituation of the electrodermal reaction (EDR) is one of the most used variables among psychophysiological indicators in investigations in men. In our department a specific computer assisted technique for measuring habituation, mean amplitude, area underneath the line and emotional reflection was developed. 15 ac
Gorshkova NI; Samsonov VA; Mazina NM; Parastaev SA
Changes in the immunologic parameters of 39 patients with Kaposi s sarcoma over the course of leakadin therapy were under study, i. e. total leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, immunoregulatory cells in spontaneous and complementary rosette formation, and in that with monoclonal antibodies. The therapeutic efficacies and
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1989;253B:395-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119210
Carson DA; Haertle T; Carrera CJ; Willis EH; Wasson DB; Richman DD; Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Research Institute of; Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California.
Gutierrez J; Maroto MC; Piedrola G; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University; Hospital, Granada, Spain.
In the present paper we studied the phagocytic capacity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and their capacity to adherence to substrates, in parenteral drug-addicts with or without HIV infection. Our results show a significant decrease in the phagocytic index of drug-addicts, which is independent of the coexistence of an
Morris SN; Pharmaceutical Services, North Shore Medical Center, Miami, FL; 33150.
The role of pharmacists in reducing the occupational hazard of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission via needle-stick injuries is described. Some 40% of all pharmaceuticals used in hospitals are now administered by injection, and sales of large-volume injectable drug products continue to grow. Most needle-st
Kapusnik-Uner JE; AIDS Clinic, San Francisco General Hospital, CA.
The increased risk for exposure of clinical pharmacists to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is described, and their role in minimizing the risk to themselves and others is delineated. Increasingly, pharmacists are becoming involved in patient-care activities that place them at risk for HIV exposure. These activities
Hadley WK; San Francisco General Hospital, CA 94110.
Transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other blood-borne viruses in hospitals is discussed, and the infection control system and worker protection and education plan at San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) are described. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic has led to increased c
Peers education is a processus potentially relevant for the prevention of AIDS in secondary schools. This paper describes the public health, institutional and educational aspects of the adaptation and evaluation of peers education. The action-research consists of: building an institutional framework in order to ensure
The Stichting Aids Gezonheidszorg informs the general public about the disease via the Aids hotline. The aims are twofold: 1. We want to inform and support people; if necessary, we also refer to more adequate organisations for assistance; 2. We want to know who calls us and what are the needs so that we can help in or
This prospective study shows that the prevalence of HIV and HBV in political refugees who arrived in Belgium between November 1988 and January 1989 was as follows: --Africans (mostly coming from Central Africa) 3.7% positive for HIV antibodies; 12.4% positive for HBsAg. --Asians (
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1989 Dec;23(4):523-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90121162
Judd FK; Biggs BA; Burrows GD; University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Austin; Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has received much publicity and medical attention. Interest has focused on education, epidemiology, treatment and prevention of the syndrome. This paper raises other issues for consideration, including problems associated with HIV testing, confidentiality, informed consent and
Eisenberg L; Department of Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts.
What is known about the biology of AIDS is reviewed, and the social factors which influence disease transmission and public attitudes are considered. After an evaluation of the methods available to control the epidemic, the reasons for the limited success of public health measures thus far undertaken are considered. T
The patient with HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) shows a quite uniform clinical picture characterized by slowly progressive spastic paraparesis, slight sensory disturbances and urinary frequency, and the pathogenetic relationship between spastic paraparesis and HTLV-I was established. Since then, the role of the vi
Marcy TW; Reynolds HY; Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of; Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis.
A sophisticated system of pulmonary host defense strives to maintain the functional integrity of the lung against the threats of infections, toxins, and malignancy. Congenital and acquired defects in the immune mechanisms of this host defense are associated with a variety of pulmonary disorders that include infections
Battershill PE; Clissold SP; ADIS Drug Information Services, Auckland, New Zealand.
Octreotide is an analogue of somatostatin. Like endogenous somatostatin, it exerts a potent inhibitory effect on the release of anterior pituitary growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone, and peptides of the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system, while overcoming some of the shortcomings of exogenously admini
FEBS Lett. 1989 Dec 18;259(1):91-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90092548
Jacobsen C; Andreassen H; Saermark T; Laboratory for Protein Chemistry, University of Copenhagen,; Denmark.
N-Myristoyl transferase (NMT) activity was measured in rat liver and H9 cells using an in vitro assay based on acylation of synthetic peptides. Glucosamine was found to inhibit the NMT activity. Using a synthetic peptide mimicking the N-terminus of HIV p27nef a Km value of 2.4 microM and a Vmax of 240 pmol/mg per h wa
Bassa A; Parras F; Reina J; Villar E; Gil J; Alomar P; Microbiology Service, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca,; Spain.
We reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of patients with non-typhi Salmonella bacteraemia in our hospital from 1979 to 1988. During the study period 45 non-typhi Salmonella bacteraemias were diagnosed in 43 patients. Ten patients were under one year old and 11 were over 60. Seven cases of sepsis presented in
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is worldwide, but the clinical and epidemiological pattern of the disease in Africa is different from that in developed areas. Type 1 AIDS occurs in industrialized North America and Europe; it has a distinctive sex ratio (16:1) and risk pattern of IV drug use and sexual pract
J Med Virol. 1989 Oct;29(2):94-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90095460
Schneweis KE; Ackermann A; Friedrich A; Kleim JP; Kornau K; Ruff R; Siefer-Wippermann B; Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany.
Since the detection of antibodies against the human immune deficiency virus (HIV) does not definitely prove HIV infection in hemophiliacs, virus detection was attempted by virus isolation from the peripheral blood monocytes (PBL), by demonstration of p24 antigen and decline of p24 antibody, and by detection of viral D
Taylor SL; Stratton JE; Nordlee JA; Department of Food Science & Technology, University of; Nebraska-Lincoln 68583-0919.
Histamine poisoning results from the consumption of foods, typically certain types of fish and cheeses, that contain unusually high levels of histamine. Spoiled fish of the families, Scombridae and Scomberesocidae (e.g. tuna, mackerel, bonito), are commonly implicated in incidents of histamine poisoning, which leads t
Mori K; Sakai H; Suzuki S; Akutsu Y; Ishikawa M; Aihara M; Yokoyama M; Sato Y; Okaniwa S; Endo Y; et al
Thirty six hemophiliacs with HIV infection were treated with high-dose glycyrrhizin, Stronger Neo-Minophagen C (SNMC). The dose was 100-200 ml of SNMC in eighteen patients and 400-800 ml in the other 18. The patients were divided into an asymptomatic carrier (AC) group and AIDS related complex (ARC)/AIDS group. SNMC w
Adult patients suffering from infection with the HIV-virus acquire pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in nearly 80 per cent and in the half of all patients the basic disease AIDS has been detected by this lung infection. In childhood the patients with AIDS show most frequently interstitial lung diseases due to pneumocysti
Life Sci. 1989;45(23):iii-ix. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90097510
Hoff C; Peterson RD; Biometry and Epidemiology, Pacific Northwest Laboratory,; Richland, WA 99352.
The complex biological processes responsible for regulating the immune system are presently the subject of considerable interest and study. New insight into this process comes from a variety of observations and it is the purpose of this communication to develop the hypothesis that two seemingly quite disparate observa
Green JE; Begley CG; Wagner DK; Waldmann TA; Jay G; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Three lines of transgenic mice carrying the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 tax gene have previously been reported to develop neurofibromas composed of perineural fibroblasts (S. H. Hinrichs, M. Nerenberg, R. K. Reynolds, G. Khoury, and G. Jay, Science 237:1340-1343, 1987; M. Nerenberg, S. H. Hinrichs, R. K. Re
Adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) was assayed in the serum of 137 HIV positive subjects: 131 intravenous drug abusers, 3 female partners of HIV positive abusers, 1 son of HIV positive abuser and 2 blood-transfused patients, subdivided into the following groups: 73 asymptomatic, 15 with ARC, 37 with LAS, 5 with L-AIDS
This article reviews the cardiac manifestations of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (AIDS) as reported in the literature. These abnormalities were examined with regard to incidence, clinical presentation, and possible etiologies. Review of the literature revealed that cardiac abnormalities occur frequently in pers
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(24):9752-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90099342
Dreyer GB; Metcalf BW; Tomaszek TA Jr; Carr TJ; Chandler AC 3d; Hyland L; Fakhoury SA; Magaard VW; Moore ML; Strickler JE; et al; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Smith Kline & French; Laboratories, King of Prussia, PA 19406-0939.
Inhibitors of the protease from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) were designed, synthesized, and kinetically characterized. Analogues of a heptapeptide substrate of HIV-1 protease with sequence similar to the p17-p24 cleavage site in the natural substrate, Pr55gag, were synthesized in which the scissile dipeptid
Denison DM; Cramer DS; Hanson PJ; Lung Function Unit, Brompton Hospital, London, U.K.
Lung function testing on patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been restricted because of the risks of cross infection. We have adapted equipment which is currently used for routine lung function testing with inexpensive disposable components to remove the risk of contamination. Results from the
Ampel NM; Wieden MA; Galgiani JN; Medical Service, Tucson Veterans Administration Medical Center,; Arizona 85723.
Over the last decade coccidioidomycosis , a fungal infection endemic to the desert Southwest of the United States , has gained national prominence. This review summarizes recent advances in the clinical understanding of this disease. Im
Polsky B; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, New York 10021.
Since the identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the etiologic agent of AIDS, progress has been made in identifying steps in the life cycle of the virus and the interactions between the virus and the host cell that may serve as targets for antiviral agents. Such information provides the basis for a ra
Masur H; Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a logical management strategy for patient populations that have a high incidence of this infectious complication. Appropriate populations for consideration would include those with human immunodeficiency virus infection, recent recipients of bone marrow or solid or
Scheld WM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia School of; Medicine, Charlottesville 22908.
Drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) is of vital concern to the therapy for primary CNS disorders and the development of drug neurotoxicity. The factors influencing drug entry into the CSF include the status of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and lipid solubility, molecular weight, pKa, protein binding, and
Pedro R de J; Aoki FH; Boccato RS; Branchini ML; Goncales Junior FL; Papaiordanou PM; Ramos M de C
We present two cases of paracoccidioidomycosis, one occurring in an AIDS patient and the other in an HIV infected man. This is the first report of such association. The first patient, which was already followed for HIV infection (group IV-A) presented with high fever and hepatosplenomegaly. Plain X-ray, ultrasound and
Serum samples collected between 1974 and 1980 out of populations from the States of Para and Goias, Brazil , were tested for antibodies against HIV-1 through ELISA, immunofluorescence, and immunoblot. The aim was to describe the possibility of the virus presence in this country befo
Two hundred and nine cases of primary gastric cancer were treated surgically from January 1968 to December 1983 and analyzed retrospectively. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 5 years. There were 25 SI cases (12%), 22 SII (10.5%), 55 SIII (26.3%) and 107 SIV (51.2%). Tumor grade according to Broders class
Bermudez LE; Wu M; Enkel H; Young LS; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis & Infectious Diseases, Pacific; Presbyterian Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94115.
Serum obtained from 57 healthy individuals and patients admitted to the hospital owing to diverse pathological causes, as well as serum from seven patients with AIDS and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection, were studied to determine the prevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies against surface proteins
In this study, we directly compared the sensitivity of the detection of anti-human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (anti-HTLV-1) antibody in serum by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), gelatin particle agglutination method (PA), and Western blotting method (WB). Of 69 cases studied, 6 cases positive by WB were negative by both PA
Med Clin (Barc). 1989 Oct 21;93(12):467-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90113387
Martos JA; Olm M; Miro JM; Mallolas J; Letang E; Brancos MA; Gatell JM; Soriano E
We report two cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis in heroin addict patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Both patients presented an inflammatory tumor in the anterior chest wall, with subacute onset; one patient had chondrosternal involvement and the other had chondrocostal involvement with a retroster
It was demonstrated that the in vitro growth of a mucoid Escherichia coli strain from the urine of an AIDS patient could disturb the concurrent growth of Cryptococcus neoformans and the development of its brown colour effect (BCE) on Staib agar (syn. Guizotia abyssinica creatinine agar, bird seed agar, niger seed agar
The serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, P, Se and Zn and the absolute number of T4 cells were determined in 59 HIV-infected men. Serum levels of Ca, Cu and Fe were significantly higher, those of P and Se significantly lower in the infected, compared to healthy controls. In the HIV-infected cases the concentrati
Silverman S Jr; Wara D; Division of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry and Medicine,; University of California, San Francisco.
Pediatric victims of AIDS virus infection continue to increase. The major source of transmission is by birth from an HIV-positive mother. Recognition is often difficult because of the varied and misleading signs and symptoms. Only a few studies describe oral manifestations in children and adolescents. The most common
Krapf FE; Herrmann M; Leitmann W; Kalden JR; IIIrd Department for Internal Medicine, University; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
High molecular weight DNA of up to 20 kbp and, additionally, an RNase-insensitive RNA of more than 60 b were isolated from plasmapheresis fluids taken from patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Similar nucleic acids could not be demonstrated in the plasma samples from patients with Waldenstroem s di
Singapore Med J. 1989 Apr;30(2):195-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90117195
Chew SK
The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was first recognised in the United States in 1981. Since then, a pandemic had occurred worldwide. This article reviews the events leading to the discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the clinicoepidemiological aspects of the
Singapore Med J. 1989 Apr;30(2):199-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90117196
Ratnam KV; Tan CK
Involvement of the central nervous system is now being recognized as an important aspect of HIV infection. Acting as a sanctuary site, it may pose problems to effective therapeutic strategies. HIV-induced AIDS dementia complex is the commonest mode of presentation. Other causes inc
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1989;251:341-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119157
Sehon AH; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
The use of tolerogenic conjugates of monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) and diverse antigens, including xenogeneic monoclonal immunoglobulins, is reviewed with respect to the induction of specific abrogation of antibody responses. Evidence is presented for activation of specific suppressor T (Ts) cells by antigen-m
A plasmid vector was used to express the HIV-1 pol open reading frame under the regulation of the bacterial trp promoter in Escherichia coli. This expression system has been used as a source of recombinant viral protease. The self-processed active enzyme was recovered from a soluble fraction of a bacterial cell lysate
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Dec 29;165(3):1145-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90121218
Tashiro A; Shoji S; Kubota Y; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science,; Kumamoto University, Japan.
The gag proteins of human retroviruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) are specifically myristoylated in their amino termini (1, 2, 3). N-myristoyl glycinal diethylacetal (N-Myr-GOA) and other N-Myr-compounds (N-Myr-Gly-GOA, N-Myr-Gly-Gly-GOA and N-Myr-Gly-Gly-Gly-GOA) were newly synthesized and investiga
Peeters M; Honore C; Huet T; Bedjabaga L; Ossari S; Bussi P; Cooper RW; Delaporte E; Centre International de Recherches Medicales, Franceville,; Gabon.
Two cases of wild-born chimpanzees which were positive for HIV-1 antibodies were observed in Gabon . These animals were never experimentally exposed to HIV-1 and had no history of inoculation with human blood products. A retrovirus was isolated from one of these chimpanzees. Several
Screening of blood product donations for antibody to HIV began in Mexico in May 1986. From June to October 1986, the HIV cumulative seroprevalence increased from 6.3 to 9.2% in a commercial plasma collection center. Of the 281 people who donated the antibody-positive units, 62 (22.
The aim of this study was to compare the probability of survival of infants born to anti-HIV-1-positive and anti-HIV-1-negative mothers. One thousand, eight hundred and thirty-three pregnant women, recruited sequentially in two mother-child clinics in Brazzaville, were screened for anti-HIV-1 (by enzyme-linked immunos
Silvestre AJ; Lyter DW; Valdiserri RO; Huggins J; Rinaldo CR Jr; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of; Pittsburgh, PA 15218.
Thirteen homosexual men, volunteers in a study of the natural history of HIV, who seroconverted to HIV after participating in an educational program on HIV prevention, were interviewed about the circumstances leading to their seroconversion. Six men had participated in unprotected anal intercourse with at least one pa
Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih. 1989 Aug;28(8):466-8, 509. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90091670
Tang DJ; Xu YH; Dai D
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-is) now considered the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS). A high risk of AIDS has been reported among patients with hemophilia who received lyophilized commercial factor VIII and IX concentrates of American origin. In a prevalence survey conducted from Septem
Invest New Drugs. 1989 Nov;7(4):327-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90093747
Chachoua A; Green M; Wernz J; Muggia F; New York University Medical Center, Rita & Stanley Kaplan Cancer; Center, New York.
Thirteen patients with AIDS related Kaposi s Sarcoma were entered on a phase II trial of ICRF-187, 1000 mg/m2 IV daily for 3 days every 3 weeks. Eight patients had received prior chemotherapy for AIDS-KS. Six patients had prior opportunistic infection. There were no complete responses; one partial response lasting six
Saito S; Ando Y; Furuki K; Kakimoto K; Tanigawa T; Moriyama I; Ichijo M; Nakamura M; Ohtani K; Sugamura K; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University.
We applied the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to detect gag, env and pX sequences of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) provirus in peripheral blood lymphocytes of seronegative infants born to HTLV-I seropositive mothers. Out of 22, five subjects were found to contain the HTLV-I provirus genome. Two o
Kwon KW; Ikeda H; Yano M; Sekiguchi S; Hokkaido Red Cross Blood Center, Sapporo.
In the HTLV-I seroscreening of blood donor sera by gelatin particle agglutination (PA), more than 50% (55.6%) of the PA-positive sera were negative by immunofluorescence assay (IF). However, when donors were divided into age groups, there were increasing numbers of IF-positive/PA-positive donors with age. Among the PA
Ivanov V; Stein B; Baumann I; Dobbelaere DA; Herrlich P; Williams RO; Kernforschungszentrum, Institut fur Genetik und Toxikologie,; Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany.
The intracellular protozoan parasite Theileria parva causes a lymphoproliferative disease of T cells in cattle and uncontrolled lymphocyte proliferation in culture. We have identified and characterized in infected cells the transcriptional activator, NF-kappa B, whose recognition motifs have been identified in several
Mil Med. 1989 Dec;154(12):593-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90098337
Gross ML; Rendin RW; Childress CW; Kerstein MD
During U.S. Marine Corps Reserve summer 2-week active duty for training periods, 6,482 people were tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Testing at an initial exercise, Solar Flare, trained a cadre of contact teams to, in turn, train other personnel in phlebotomy and the HIV protocol at three other exercises
Z Unfallchir Versicherungsmed Berufskr. 1989;82(3):155-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90101712
Hackenbruch W
By the autologous blood-transfusion we understand the dose of own blood in contrary to strange blood. The advantageous of the method are well-known. But nevertheless the own-transfusion is rarely realized. By the immune infirmity AIDS this method is of pressing importance at the present time. In orthopaedics and the t
Shafer RW; Goldberg R; Sierra M; Glatt AE; Department of Medicine, State University of New York-Health; Science Center, Brooklyn.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteremia has recently been reported in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). At our institution, tuberculosis occurs commonly among patients with and without HIV infection. We sought to determine the frequency of M. tuberculosis bacteremia among patients with newly
OBJECTIVE--To determine the occurrence of vertical transmission of HIV-I from women positive for the virus and the prognosis for their babies. DESIGN--Women presenting in labour were tested for HIV-I. Their newborn babies were also tested. Women positive for the virus were followed up with their babies for two years.
BMJ. 1989 Nov 25;299(6711):1312-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90105854
Esiri MM; Scaravilli F; Millard PR; Harcourt-Webster JN; Department of Neuropathology, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford.
OBJECTIVE--To discover whether pathological and neuropathological findings at necropsy are different in haemophiliacs and other subjects positive for HIV. DESIGN--Pathological and neuropathological findings at necropsy were compared in haemophiliacs and non-haemophiliacs, most of them homosexual men. SETTING--Necropsi
Miyashita K; Miyatani N; Yoshino H; Tsuji S; Miyatake T
We described a case of late-infantile form of galactosialidosis. This male patient was a product of normal pregnancy. His parents were first cousins. He first sat at eight months, walked and talked at two years of age. His gait gradually became unsteady and he was diagnosed as spastic paraparesis at the age of five ye
Neurological diagnosis in HIV patients is usually impeded by nonspecific technical findings and the multiplicity of AIDS-associated neuromanifestations. Despite its limited specificity EEG is of great diagnostic value in patients afflicted by the most common primary neuromanifestation, i.e., AIDS encephalopathy. In th
Clinical neurological complications in HIV-infection (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) are seen in later stages of the disease. EEGs of 186 patients in different stages of HIV-infection and of 44 HIV-seronegative volunteers (total of 566 recordings) were evaluated visually; this revealed an increasing appearance of CNS-d
HIV-central nervous system manifestations, here the AIDS-Dementia complex, are at the moment of special interest owing to its unexpected development. With EEG-topography one can expect to gain more information about possible changes in frequency according to topographical location. We recorded 69 HIV-positive hemophil
Henkes H; Cordes M; Hansen ML; Hunger J; Schneider C; Felix R; Radiologiche Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitatklinikum Rudolf; Virchew.
The purpose of the presented study was to determine the diagnostic value of correlated EEG and SPECT findings in patients with CNS-manifestations of AIDS. Ten HIV 1 infected patients had been examined. Diagnoses: meningitis (2 x), lymphoma (2 x), necrotizing encephalitis (1 x), toxoplasmosis (7 x) (Some patients had m
Here we investigated the applicability of a computer-aided video-tracking as a method for evaluating potential deficits of neural information processing in patients with AIDS and those showing only positive HIV-seroreactivity. Video-tracking was accompanied with a simultaneous recording of EEG. Eight HIV-positive asym
Currie J; Ramsden B; McArthur C; Lunch J; Maruff P; Benson E; Perdices M; Cooper D; Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Melbourne.
HIV-1 related brain disease gives rise to widespread eye movement abnormalities that include impairment of fixation, saccadic speed and accuracy, antisaccadic generation and smooth pursuit function. Quantitative high resolution recording of eye movements is a valuable, non-invasive technique both for measuring the sev
Motor (postural tremor of the outstretched hands, most rapid voluntary alternating index finger movements and rise times of most rapid voluntary isometric index finger extensions) and psychometric tests (multiple choice vocabulary test - form b, syndrome short test, the German version of the standard progressive matri
Somnopolygraphic recordings were registered from 29 patients with AIDS, their age ranged from 20 to 55 years (mean: 40.9; median: 44). The patients represent the full range of cerebral disintegration representing the picture of a progressing destruction of physiological sleep organization. Some disturbances begin quit
Polysomnograms were recorded of twelve patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) during different stages in an open design. During the first night no hypnotics were administered, during the second night 30 mg flurazepam per os were given. Flurazepam affected mainly the NREM parameters. The times awake d
15 male AIDS-patients from 26 to 55 years (mean 41.8 +/- 8.5) with various cerebral manifestations had a whole-night-sleep-EEG registration. As control the recordings of 15 age-matched volunteers (26-55 years, mean 41.8 +/- 9.8) were examined. Spectral characteristics of elementary EEG-epochs of 40 s length were compu
Watanabe T; Iwasaki Y; Tashiro K; Yoshida M; Department of Viral Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tokyo.
To test possible association of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) with multiple sclerosis (MS), polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect HTLV-1 DNA integrated into peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA. Nine Japanese MS patients all gave a negative result, indicating no HTLV-1 infection in these MS pa
Kamihira S; Toriya K; Amagasaki T; Momita S; Ikeda S; Yamada Y; Tomonaga M; Ichimaru M; Kinoshita K; Sawada T; Blood Transfusion Service, School of Medicine, Nagasaki; University.
We investigated antibodies against pX gene product, p40tax, by ELISA using recombinant p40tax protein in HTLV-I seropositive carriers as well as patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). Seventy (49.0%) out of 143 HTLV-I healthy carriers were found to be positive for antibody ag
Williams GJ; Colby CB; Southern Research Institute, Microbiology-Virology Division,; Birmingham, AL 35255.
The in vitro effects of recombinant human interferon-beta ser (rIFN-beta ser) and 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) alone and in combination on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication were examined. rIFN-beta ser inhibited HIV progeny virus synt
Bruner JM; Cleary KR; Smith FB; Batsakis JG; Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD., Anderson Cancer; Center, Houston.
Antibodies to specific human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) polypeptides are important laboratory markers of HIV infection. We have used an antibody to the major structural gag protein p24 of HIV-1 virus to immunochemically localize this capsid antigen in lymphoid cells from seven of eight patients at risk for HIV infec
Kanaitsuka T; Namba Y; Zu YL; Ishii K; Ashihara T; Hanaoka M; Suchi T; Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of; Medicine, Japan.
We investigated the expression of fos oncogene proteins in lymphoproliferative disorders, using a monoclonal antibody (FO-120) that was prepared against a synthetic oligopeptide of fos protein (amino acid sequence from 127 to 152). Although peripheral blood leukocytes were rarely positive for FO-120, they were transie
A 7-year-old boy suffering from X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia and progressive myoclonic encephalopathy is reported. The onset of neurological disturbances is at four years of age with ataxic gait and myoclonic jerks. The EEG shows a progressive slowing of background activity, bilateral diffuse and repetitive, pseudop
Mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-I as a major route in the endemic cycle of HTLV-I was established by epidemiologic evidence that (1) 22% (17/78) of children of HTLV-I carrier mothers were themselves carriers, in contrast to approximately 1% of the young age population of the same area, (2) more than 95% (23/24) o
AAOHN J. 1989 Dec;37(12):513-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90088662
Seaver ME
Training, job accommodation, and modification will be key factors in the placement of persons with disabilities in the public and private sectors. It is projected that the role of the occupational health nurse will be further extended to educating management and employees about the inclusion of the disabled into the w
Yamane T; Inoue T; Furukawa Y; Hiyoshi M; Sasaki A; Kishida T; Im T; Tatsumi N; Okuda K
Lymphocytes from eight patients with adult T-cell leukemia were analyzed by two color flow cytometry. Monoclonal antibodies (Leu 3 a, Leu 8, Leu 2 a and Leu 15) labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate or phycoerythrin were used. The purpose was to identify the subsets of the lymphocytes as helper, suppressor/inducer,
Kure K; Park YD; Kim TS; Lyman WD; Lantos G; Lee S; Cho S; Belman AL; Weidenheim KM; Dickson DW; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461.
A 6-year-old boy with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed aphasia and quadriplegia 3 months before his death. Cerebral vascular ectasia and multiple cerebral infarcts were noted on premortem radiological studies. Postmortem evaluation revealed diffuse aneurysmal dilatation of the circle of Willis assoc
Armstrong D; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, New York 10021.
Opportunistic fungal infections are now common and will become more common as a consequence of the use of various regimens of immunosuppressive therapy for a variety of diseases and because of AIDS. These infections can be broadly divided into those that take advantage of a neutrophil defect (e.g., candidiasis, asperg
Malessa R; Heuser-Link M; Brockmeyer N; Goos M; Schwendemann G; Neurologische Klinik, Universitatsklinikum Essen.
There are few reports on the relevance of evoked potentials in neurologically asymptomatic HIV seropositives. We studied 31 HIV infected males without AIDS or associated clinical neurological abnormalities. Visual evoked potentials by foveal checkerboard stimulation revealed a prolonged VEP latency in 37% of them. HIV
Gerbert B; Sumser J; Chamberlin K; Maguire BT; Greenblatt RM; McMaster JR; Division of Behavioral Sciences, School of Dentistry, University; of California, San Francisco.
Three studies were conducted to assess the experiences of persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or risk factors for the disease in seeking dental care in Los Angeles; San Francisco; Seattle; and Tacoma, WA. Given previous reports from surveys of dentists that they would be reluctant to provide care t
Jacobson JA; Stocking C; Gramelspacher G; Division of Medical Ethics, University of Utah School of; Medicine, Salt Lake City.
Press reports and surveys of dentists in the United States suggest that HIV-infected persons may have considerable difficulty in securing dental care. To determine the actual experience of HIV-infected people, a personal interview survey of 125 HIV-infected patients at three HIV/AIDS c
Hazelkorn HM; School of Public Health East, University of Illinois Chicago; 60680.
An experimental field study examined dentists attitudes and actual behaviors toward men who belong to groups at great risk of AIDS. A total of 102 randomly selected dentists were uninformed subjects who examined an actor in need of dental care and who played three roles as a patient: one who is heterosexual, homosexu
Furukawa Y; Inoue T; Yamane T; Hiyoshi M; Sasaki A; Kishida T; Kojima K; Im T; Tatsumi N; Okuda K
Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells usually express the helper/inducer associated antigen OKT 4 with lack of OKT8. However, there are a few case reports indicating that there are atypical cell phenotypes in ATL including OKT4+/OKT8+. The analysis of surface phenotype of peripheral lymphocytes and abnormal cells in lymph
Major aspects of the German insurance legislation regarding AIDS are being discussed. I. The structure of the statutory health and social security scheme is described; problems of coverage of persons with HIV Infection/AIDS in case of accident or unemployment are discussed (medical treatment, social security, pension)
The various Public Health offices in North Rhine Westphalia are making a substantial contribution towards AIDS prevention means of their relevant concepts. Regional and political individualities as well as local structures can exercise a positive or a negative effect on concrete AIDS prevention work. Cities like Dusse
Brancato L; Itescu S; Skovron ML; Solomon G; Winchester R; Department of Rheumatology, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New; York, NY 10003.
Arthrocutaneous disorders including Reiter s syndrome, psoriasiform rashes, and other forms of chronic arthritis and enthesopathy, such as psoriatic arthritis, occur with an increased prevalence in the setting of HIV infection. Herein we describe the spectrum and prevalence of musculoskeletal and allied skin disorders
Hess G; Rossol S; Voth R; Weber KC; Meyer zum Buschenfelde KH; Medical Department, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz,; Federal Republic of Germany.
Hepatitis B virus and the human immunodeficiency virus are similarly transmitted. Individuals with preexisting HIV infection have a higher chance to become HBsAg carriers than do anti-HIV negative persons. Cytotoxic T cells with specificity for HBcAg, that are under the control of HBcAg-specific helper T cells, are re
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related services offered by San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH); programs to protect employees who are at occupational risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); and the legal, ethical, and economic implications of such infection are discussed. Support from
Thorsen S; Busch-Sorensen M; Sondergaard J; Department of Dermato-Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
Neutrophils from 10 homosexual men with evidence of HIV infection and 10 healthy controls were tested for their capacity to generate leukotriene B4. Neutrophils from patients with AIDS produced less leukotriene immunoreactivity when appropriately stimulated than neutrophils from healthy controls, whereas no significan
Ganciclovir (Cymevene*) is an antiviral drug that shows efficacy against cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infections. These are particularly important in patients with AIDS or iatrogenic immunosuppression. Ganciclovir is a virostatic ag
BMJ. 1989 Nov 11;299(6709):1178-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90089682
Barratt CL; Cooke ID; Harris Birthright Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessop Hospital for; Women, Sheffield.
A bilateral angle-closure glaucoma is described in a homosexual man, with a positive HIV serology. This angle closure is secondary to an anterior rotation of the ciliary body at the scleral spur following development of an inflammatory cilio-choroidal detachment: which is itself connected with a massive uveal-retinal
Lehr HA; Zimmer JP; Hubner C; Reisinger EC; Kohlschutter A; Claussen M; Schmitz H; Dietrich M; Clinical Department, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical; Medicine, Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
In seeking the putative mechanism of action of diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC) on the immune status of HIV infected patients, the plasma membrane fluidity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from DTC-treated and untreated patients (CDC III-IVc1) was determined. Anisotropy values of the fluorescent probe 6-(9-anthroylox
Thirty-one samples representing Hodgkin s and non-Hodgkin s lymphomas, angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD), and benign follicular hyperplasia in HIV infections were examined for rearrangements of the immunoglobulin (Ig) and T cell receptor (TcR) beta-chain gene loci. In 11 of 12 non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (classifi
The surveillance of clinical cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States began in June 1981 when the first case was reported. Since then, state and federal public health officials have continuously monitored progression of the epidemic by the number of pers
J Med Virol. 1989 Oct;29(2):109-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90095449
Tremblay M; Gornitsky M; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davies-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) commonly suffer from opportunistic infections associated with members of the herpes virus family. To investigate whether certain of these other viruses might have an effect on the ability of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to replicate, we coincub
J Med Virol. 1989 Oct;29(2):88-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90095459
Revello MG; Percivalle E; Zavattoni M; Parea M; Grossi P; Gerna G; Virus Laboratory, University of Pavia, Italy.
Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells from 35 immunocompromised patients (22 heart transplant recipients and 13 AIDS patients) and four normal subjects were tested for the presence of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate early antigen (IEA) (antigenemia) by indirect immu
Booss J; Winkler SR; Griffith BP; Kim JH; Virology Laboratories, VA Medical Center, West Haven,; Connecticut.
Despite the importance of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection of the central nervous system in acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a well characterized laboratory model of glial nodule encephalitis after systemic CMV infection i
Life Sci. 1989;45(20):iii-ix. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90097471
Brinkworth RI; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Bond University, Gold; Coast, Queensland, Australia.
An hypothesis is presented which states that the increased binding for CD4 by the envelope glycoprotein (gp120) from HIV-1 compared with that from HIV-2 is due to the env gene from HIV-1 having at some stage incorporated exon 2 of the gene coding for the beta subunit of a class II MHC protein, possibly HLA-DQ, which c
Life Sci. 1989;45(22):iii-ix. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90097496
Kaplan CS; Petersen EA; Yocum D; Hersh EM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of; Medicine Tucson 85724.
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Imuthiol, DTC) has previously been observed to promote T-cell maturation in animal models and to reduce lymphadenopathy and improve survival in a murine AIDS model. In addition, several clinical studies have suggested that one dosage regimen may be active in patients with HIV infection.
Stein B; Rahmsdorf HJ; Steffen A; Litfin M; Herrlich P; Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut fur Genetik und; Toxikologie, Federal Republic of Germany.
UV irradiation of human and murine cells enhances the transcription of several genes. Here we report on the primary target of relevant UV absorption, on pathways leading to gene activation, and on the elements receiving the UV-induced signal in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat, in t
Farci P; Orgiana G; Degioannis D; Lai ME; Coiana A; Mandas A; Marongiu F; Balestrieri A; Universita degli Studi di Cagliari, Istituto di Medicina; Interna.
In order to determine whether the immunological abnormalities described in intravenous drug addicts (IDA), are due to HIV infection, other viral infections or to the abuse of narcotic drugs, we studied the T lymphocyte subsets and serological markers of infection with hepatitis B and delta virus,
The role of antigen presentation in the induction of humoral as well as cell-mediated immune responses has been investigated by anchoring HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp 160/120) into the phospholipidic bilayer of preformed liposomes to produce HIV-Immunosomes. HIV-Immunosomes induced high titres of HIV-specific antib
Kawaguchi T; Ishikawa K; Seki T; Juni K; Fukushima S; Nakano M
N4-Benzoyl-2 ,3 -dideoxy-2 ,3 -didehydrocytidine (Bz-DDCN) was synthesized as a novel prodrug of 2 ,3 -dideoxy-2 ,3 -didehydrocytidine (DDCN), which is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and is considered to be a potential anti-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome agent. Chemical and enzymatic regeneration of DDCN from t
A large number and variety of organisms can infect the lungs of persons with AIDS. An abnormal chest X-ray associated with pulmonary symptoms should trigger a vigorous search for an infectious agent. In many cases, if the patient is ambulatory, the workup can proceed on an outpatient basis. Pneumocystis carinii pneumo
Bobrow MN; Harris TD; Shaughnessy KJ; Litt GJ; Medical Products Department, E.I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co., North; Billerica, MA 01862.
A novel signal amplification method, catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD), and its application to immunoassays is described. The method involves utilizing an analyte-dependent reporter enzyme (ADRE) to catalyze the deposition of additional reporter on the surface in a solid-phase immunoassay. In the examples described
Ebbesen P; Petersen PM; Jepsen A; Norskov-Lauritsen N; Nielsen CM; Philipsen HP; Arenholt-Bindslev D; Nara P; Danish Cancer Society, Department of Virus and Cancer, Aarhus.
Cultures of proliferating epithelial cells were established from explants of normal human oral epithelium from healthy young volunteers. The epithelial cells were found permissive for herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, coxsackie virus A-4 and A-16, adenovirus type 5, measles vaccine, rubella and influenza type A
J R Coll Gen Pract. 1989 Sep;39(326):373-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90112236
Roberts JJ; Skidmore CA; Robertson JR
The use of general practitioner services by a group of intravenous drug users was recorded over two two-year time periods 1984-85 and 1986-87. This was felt to represent the period of maximum change in awareness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by patients and medical staff. Fifty patients were randomly
Ryndich AV; Kashuba VI; Kavsan VM; Zubak SV; Hlozanek I
For the elucidation of the molecular basis of RSV adaptation to conditionally permissive host from the genome library of duck embryo fibroblasts, transformed by Rous sarcoma virus in 30 passages on these cells, recombinant bacteriophages that include provirus sequences, were obtained. Complete and transformation-defec
Dubinsky RM; Yarchoan R; Dalakas M; Broder S; Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological; and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland.
A total of 20 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) received the anti-retroviral drug 2 ,3 ,dideoxycytidine in a phase I study at doses ranging from 0.03 mg/kg every 8 hours to 0.25 mg/kg every 8 hours. Of the 11 patients who participated in the study for more than 5 we
Kennedy-Stoskopf S; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Division of Comparative; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
While it has been known for some years that there is an association between lentiviruses and slowly progressive joint diseases in ruminants, the realization that the human immunodeficiency virus, the cause of AIDS, is a lentivirus has made this group of virus the focus of a considerable research effort. The manifestat
The comparative study of the amino acid sequence of gp120 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains HTLV-III and ARV-2 and the amino end areas of the growth hormone receptors of human skin and the insulin receptors has been carried out, thus making it possible to predict the existence of two compact domains connec
Robert ME; Geraghty JJ 3d; Miles SA; Cornford ME; Vinters HV; Department of Pathology, UCLA Medical Center 90024-1732.
A patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed a progressive neuromuscular disorder which included a sensory component, severe weakness and muscle wasting, and fasciculations. At autopsy, there was evidence of severe peripheral neuropathy , as well
Brain tissues from 45 patients with AIDS and two brains with connatal cytomegalic inclusion body disease were investigated for a cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) etiology of encephalitic lesions. Nineteen brains showed evidence of CMV i
Fuller GN; Jacobs JM; Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Neurology, Queen; Square, London, Great Britain.
We report finding tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI) in the endothelial cells of endo- and epineurial vessels in the sural nerve of 11 patients with AIDS. Six patients had a painful peripheral neuropathy , one a non-painful sensory neuropathy, one an acute inflammatory d
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1989;251:279-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119152
Gardner MB; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, School; of Medicine, Davis 95616.
SIV infection of macaques constitutes a valuable model for development of AIDS vaccines and antiviral therapies. Initial results using inactivated whole SIV immunogens for immunoprevention and post-infectious immunotherapy in the SIV-rhesus monkey system are summarized.
Tsai CC; Follis KE; Yarnall M; Blakley GA; Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington,; Seattle 98195.
Four dosing regimens of 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine ( ddC ) were administered intravenously for 10 to 28 days to 18 pigtailed macaques with simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ten macaques naturally infected with simian acquired immunodeficiency syndro
Hemming A; Bolmstedt A; Flodby P; Lundberg L; Gidlund M; Wigzell H; Olofsson S; Department of Clinical Virology, University of Goteborg, Sweden.
A DNA fragment encoding the CD4-binding region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) gp 120 was excised from an SV40-based expression vector containing gp 160, and subcloned into phage M13 for site-directed mutagenesis. Mutant vectors were constructed and CV-1 cells were transfected with constructs, where Cys40
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Dec 29;165(3):1207-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90121226
Takahashi I; Nakanishi S; Kobayashi E; Nakano H; Suzuki K; Tamaoki T; Kyowa Hakko Co., Tokyo Research Laboratories, Japan.
Hypericin and pseudohypericin which have been isolated from plants of the Hypericum family are aromatic polycyclic diones. Daniel Meruelo et. al. have reported that hypericin and pseudohypericin showed potent antiretroviral activity including anti-human immunodeficiency virus (1,2). However, the mechanism of these ant
Hansen JE; Nielsen CM; Nielsen C; Heegaard P; Mathiesen LR; Nielsen JO; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
The binding of 13 different lectins to gp120 partially purified from two HIV-1 isolates and one HIV-2 isolate was studied by in situ staining on electrophoretically separated and electroblotted HIV antigens. The lectins concanavalin A, wheat germ agglutinin, Lens culinaris agglutinin, Vicia faba agglutinin, Pisum sati
Nakashima H; Okubo K; Honda Y; Tamura T; Matsuda S; Yamamoto N; Department of Virology and Parasitology, Yamaguchi University; School of Medicine, Japan.
Soybean saponins isolated from soybean seeds were investigated for their antiviral activity on HIV in vitro, using an HTLV-I-carrying cell line, MT-4. Saponin B1 completely inhibited HIV-induced cytopathic effects and virus-specific antigen expression 6 days after infection at concentrations greater than 0.5 mg/ml. Sa
Pineau N; Brugier JC; Breux JP; Becq-Giraudon B; Descamps JM; Aucouturier P; Preud'homme JL; Laboratory of Immunology and Immunopathology (CNRS URA, 1172),; France.
The proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by jacalin was investigated in 157 samples from 104 HIV-infected patients at various clinical stages of disease. Jacalin proliferative response correlated with the absolute numbers and percentages of CD4+ lymphocytes and with the percentages o
Lancet. 1989 Dec 23-30;2(8678-8679):1502-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90097391
Di Perri G; Cruciani M; Danzi MC; Luzzati R; De Checchi G; Malena M; Pizzighella S; Mazzi R; Solbiati M; Concia E; et al; Istituto di Malattie Infettive, University of Verona, Italy.
In an investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis, 18 HIV-infected inpatients were found to have been exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis; active tuberculosis developed in 8, 7 within 60 days of diagnosis of the index case. The patients with lower total lymphocyte and CD4 lymphocyte counts were more likel
Hirabayashi K; Iwata S; Ito M; Shigeta S; Narui T; Mori T; Shibata S
A sulfate (GE-3-S) prepared by chlorosulfonic acid treatment of GE-3, a partially acetylated beta(1----6) glucan of the lichen Umbilicaria esculenta, inhibited the cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and suppressed the HIV-antigen expression in Molt-4 (clone 8) cells. GE-3-S also suppressed the gia
Jones BM; Nicholson JK; Holman RC; Hubbard M; Division of Host Factors, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA 30333.
We isolated normal, nonactivated human monocytes from peripheral blood by four different methods: (1) rosetting with sheep erythrocytes pretreated with 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide (AET) followed by monoclonal antibody (OKT3 (CD3), B1 (CD19), Leu7, Leu11 (CD16] and complement treatment; (2) adherenc
McKeating JA; McKnight A; McIntosh K; Clapham PR; Mulder C; Weiss RA; Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories,; London, U.K.
A number of CD4+ T cell lines were compared for their ability to act as target cells for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in syncytium- and plaque-forming assays. MT-4 and C8166 cells were the most sensitive indicator cells for HIV- and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-induced cytopathic effects, and ga
Tylenda CA; Larsen J; Yeh CK; Lane HC; Fox PC; Clinical Investigations and Patient Care Branch, National; Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Ten human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infected homosexual or bisexual individuals (ages 24-45) with no history of opportunistic infection were examined, by culture, for the presence of yeasts in whole saliva and on oral mucosa. All were HIV-1 antibody-positive men, non-smokers, non-denture wearers, and taking no
In this work the data contained in the literature and obtained by the author are presented. These data may change the traditional concepts of the immunopathology of AIDS. The analysis of these data indicates that the explanation of disturbances in the immune system, attributing their cause to the cytocidal action of H
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Dec 29;165(3):1375-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90121252
Baba M; Tanaka H; De Clercq E; Pauwels R; Balzarini J; Schols D; Nakashima H; Perno CF; Walker RT; Miyasaka T; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
A novel 6-substituted acyclouridine derivative, 1-[(2-hydroxy-ethoxy) methyl]-6-phenylthiothymine (HEPT), has proved to be a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in vitro. HEPT inhibits HIV-1 replication in various T4 cell cultures as well as peripheral blood lymphocytes and ma
Burgard M; Sansonetti P; Vittecoq D; Descamps P; Guetard D; Herson S; Rozenbaum W; Rouzioux C; Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hopital Necker, Paris, France.
A randomized study of 12 treated patients and seven controls was conducted in order to evaluate HPA-23 anti-HIV activity in HIV-infected patients. The antiviral activity was assessed by determining HIV p24 antigenemia. A persistence or even increase in antigenemia was shown in treated patients and thrombocytopenia was
FEBS Lett. 1989 Dec 18;259(1):121-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90092511
Borisova GP; Berzins I; Pushko PM; Pumpen P; Gren EJ; Tsibinogin VV; Loseva V; Ose V; Ulrich R; Siakkou H; et al; Department of Molecular Biology, Latvian Academy of Sciences,; Riga, USSR.
Insertion of foreign oligopeptide sequences (40-50 amino acids in length) into the Pro144 position of hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) leads to the formation of chimeric capsids in Escherichia coli cells. These capsids are morphologically and immunologically similar to native HBcAg, but expose the inserted oligopeptid
The T cell is central to the immune system response to foreign antigens, and understanding the mechanism of T cell response to antigen is crucial for vaccine development. Short subpeptides of foreign antigen can prime the T cells to respond to the whole antigen, in some cases as well as or better than immunization wit
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome encodes the regulatory protein Rev, of relative molecular mass 13,000, which is synthesized from fully processed viral transcripts before synthesis of HIV-1 structural proteins. Rev has been postulated to exert control within the nucleus at the level of messenger
Koeller JM; College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, Austin.
The effects and toxicities of interferon alfa are described, and the role of the pharmacist in making decisions and providing education about biologic response modifiers (BRMs) is discussed. Interferons have both direct antitumor activity and extensive effects on the immune system. Two recombinant interferon alfa prod
Garcia LS; Current WL; Clinical Laboratories, UCLA Medical Center.
Cryptosporidiosis is an infectious disease caused by the coccidian parasite Cryptosporidium spp. that primarily infects the gastrointestinal tract of animals. Prior to late 1982, only 11 cases of human infection had been reported, with the first human case reported in 1976. During the 1980s, the number of human cases
Biochemistry. 1989 Nov 14;28(23):9088-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90105452
Mizrahi V; Department of Macromolecular Sciences, Smith Kline and French; Research and Development Laboratory, King of Prussia,; Pennsylvania 19406.
The RNase H activity associated with recombinant p66/p51 HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) has been analyzed in the absence of DNA synthesis by using homogeneous RNA.DNA substrates. The substrates consisted of SP6 runoff transcripts from a portion of the gag region of the HIV-1 genome hybridized to complementary single
Bull N Y Acad Med. 1989 Jan;65(1):111-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90105977
Garaci E; Mastino A; Favalli C
We have studied the effects of combination therapy with thymosin alpha 1 and IFN or IL-2 on natural killer cell activity in both normal and immunosuppressed animals after cyclophosphamide treatment and during B-16 melan
Schupbach J; Institut fur Immunologie und Virologie, Universitat Zurich,; Schweiz.
Knowledge of the biologic properties of HIV infections, mainly the existence of alternating cycles of latency and active virus replication, is the basis for a sensible use of diagnostic tests. The newly developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is capable of demonstrating the presence of HIV genomes in active as well
Kretschmer V; Abt. Transfusionsmedizin und Gerinnungsphysiologie,; Universitatsklinikum, Marburg.
The risks and adverse reactions of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and coagulation components have changed considerably in the last few years because of the spread of HIV on the one hand, and advances in the preparation and sterilization of coagulation components on the other. Therefore, the indication for FFP and the vario
In the course of a field study in which the blood banks of Vienna, Linz and Innsbruck were involved, the HTLV-III-antigen EIA, developed by Abbott laboratories for research means, was tested for its usefulness in routine blood transfusion. Through the registration of donors newly infected with the HIV virus, who at th
Frey-Wettstein M; Zurcher Blutspendedienst SRK, Schweiz.
In this paper an attempt is made to characterize different phases of HIV exposition by blood transfusion. In Europe, most transfusion associated (TA) HIV-infections have occurred between 1982, when AIDS started to spread and 1985, when Anti-HIV-testing was introduced in blood transfusion services. Figures of TA HIV in
It is noteworthy that the beginnings of research on idiotypy in humans have used immunohematological assay systems; Kunkel and coworkers have succeeded in localising idiotypic determinants on Fab fragments of anti Rh(D)-antibodies over 15 years ago. The present contribution follows up on literature devoted to analysis
Gurtler L; Max von Pettenkofer-Institut, Universitat Munchen, BRD.
Both viruses, HTLV-1 and HIV-2, are retroviruses and thus remain lifelong in the infected organism. HTLV-1 (human T lymphotropic Virus type 1) has spread worldwide, but Japan , Central Africa, Caribic, the northern part of South America and some regions in the
Morgenthaler JJ; Red Cross Foundation Central Laboratory, Blood Transfusion; Service SRC, Berne, Switzerland.
The safety of blood or plasma derived products with respect to the transmission of viruses has various aspects, one of them being the methods that may be used for inactivating viruses during processing of plasma products. In industry, the most important methods are heating in solution (pasteurization) or in the lyophi
Unstable plasma derivatives are sterilized in Germany according to three methods. Combined treatment with beta-propiolactone + UV irradiation: in use at Biotest since 1968; Pasteurisation in sulution, 10 h at 60 degrees C in the presence of a maltose-glycin stabilizer; in use at B
Meili EO; Gerinnungslabor der Medizinischen Klinik, Universitatsspital,; Zurich, Schweiz.
The transmission of infectious diseases, mainly hepatitis B, non-A non-B and HIV infection, was the major complication of replacement therapy in hemophiliacs before the introduction of virus inactivated concentrates. The clinical relevance of transfusion associated infections in 43 hemophiliacs treated with different
Sugg U; Blutzentrale beim Katharinenhospital Stuttgart, BRD.
Despite donor selection and screening procedures, the transmission of viruses by blood and blood products remains a serious problem. Fresh frozen plasma and the other blood components carry the same risk of transmitting viruses as whole blood. The virus inactivation in fresh frozen plasma appears to be feasible and wo
Culmann B; Gomard E; Kieny MP; Guy B; Dreyfus F; Saimot AG; Sereni D; Levy JP; INSERM U 152-CNRS 628, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.
By using target cells that expressed only the regulatory NEF protein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we were able to identify specific cytolytic T cells (CTL) from most of the seropositive patients tested. This NEF-specific cytolytic activity was mediated by CD8+ lymphocytes. In two different donors, we ide
Two regions of the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of the human immunodeficiency virus were shown to have a significant degree of homology to human immunoglobulin-gamma heavy-chain constant domains. We have now synthesized three short linear peptides, the first representing a sequence within the CH1 domain, the second an
Nakane H; Ono K; Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research; Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
The two components of Camellia sinensis (green tea) (i.e., (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin gallate were found to differentially inhibit the activities of reverse transcriptase and cellular DNA and RNA polymerases. The strongest inhibition by these compounds was observed with reverse transcriptase. DNA
Leiter JM; Krystal M; Palese P; Department of Microbiology, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, NY 10029-6574.
Cell lines were constructed which permanently express influenza virus-specific RNA. Two approaches were followed. C127 cells were transformed with bovine papilloma virus (BPV) vectors and the resulting cell lines were found to inhibit the replication of influenza virus at low multiplicity of infection (MOI 0.05). Howe
Gangemi JD; Cozens RM; De Clercq E; Balzarini J; Hochkeppel HK; University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia 29208.
The murine model of acquired immunodeficiency disease was used to evaluate both the antiretroviral and antiherpetic activities of the acyclic nucleotide analog 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA). The antiretroviral activity of PMEA was compared with that of azidothymidine (
Can Med Assoc J. 1990 Jan 1;142(1):36-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90090325
Calzavara LM; Coates RA; Craib KJ; Schechter MT; Le TN; Nault PL; Elmslie K; Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Faculty of; Medicine, University of Toronto, Ont.
To estimate the rate of underreporting of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) to the Federal Centre for AIDS (FCA), in 1988 the initials, date of birth and place of residence of 66 patients with AIDS known to the Toronto Sexual Contact Study (TSCS), 65 patients with AIDS known to the Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-A
Lathey JL; Agosti JM; Nelson JA; Corey L; Gregory SA; Morrissey JH; Edgington TS; Oldstone MB; Department of Immunology, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic,; La Jolla, California 92037.
Expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha), tissue factor (TF), and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA was evaluated in monocytes isolated from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There was a significant depression (66%) of the induced level of TF mRNA expression in response to lipopolysac
Sullivan PA; Mills ME; Department of Nursing Education, Administration, and Health; Policy, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
The nurse administrator faces many legal obligations as well as administrative responsibilities in the care of patients and staff with AIDS infection or at risk of infection. The authors discuss several resources nurse administrators can use to develop and implement policy for patients and staff at risk for or with AI
JAMA. 1990 Jan 19;263(3):397-401. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90096324
Harris JE; Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,; Cambridge 02139.
I analyzed trends in the survival of 36,847 adults who were diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome between January 1984 and September 1987 under the pre-1987 surveillance definition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. For patients in whom Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was among the first manifestations
JAMA. 1990 Jan 19;263(3):402-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90096325
Lemp GF; Payne SF; Neal D; Temelso T; Rutherford GW; AIDS Office, San Francisco Department of Public Health, CA 94102.
To evaluate trends in the length of survival for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, we calculated survival following diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome for 4323 cases reported in San Francisco, Calif, between July 1981 and December 31, 1987. Patients were followed up prospectively through D
Koppel BS; Daras M; Duffy KR; Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, Metropolitan; Hospital, New York.
Viral myelitis and bacterial epidural infections are common in intravenous drug abusers, but primary infections of the spinal cord are extremely rare. We report a 50-year-old active intravenous drug user who developed tetraplegia from an intramedullary abscess caused by Pseudomonas cepacia. Despite neurosurgical drain
Lubat E; Megibow AJ; Balthazar EJ; Goldenberg AS; Birnbaum BA; Bosniak MA; Department of Radiology, Bellevue Hospital, New York, NY 10016.
Clinical and computed tomographic (CT) findings in three cases of extrapulmonary Pneumocystis carinii infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reviewed. Proved sites of involvement included the spleen (n = 2), bone marrow (n = 1), liver (n = 1), and peritoneal and pleural fluid (n = 1)
Kuhlman JE; Fishman EK; Teigen C; Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological; Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21205.
The CT scans of 18 patients with documented pulmonary septic emboli were reviewed. CT features of septic emboli included multiple peripheral nodules ranging in size from 0.5 to 3.5 cm (15 of 18 patients [83%]), a feeding vessel sign (n = 12; [67%]), cavitation (n = 9; [50%]), wedge-shaped peripheral lesions abutting t
Elliott JN; Oertel YC; Department of Pathology, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, DC 20037.
Fourteen cases of surgically excised lymphoepithelial cysts (13 from the parotid gland and 1 from the submandibular gland) were reviewed for diagnostic histologic features. They showed squamous epithelium-lined cysts within lymph nodes. Lymphocytes, histiocytes, and plasma cells were found in the walls of the cysts. M
Am J Surg. 1990 Jan;159(1):125-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90102797
Rosengart TK; Coppa GF; Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine,; New York.
A review of the discharge diagnoses and mycobacterial cultures of patients admitted to a major New York City hospital over an 18-month period revealed 21 patients with abdominal mycobacterial infections (17 male, 4 female) with an average age of 36 years. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or an identifiable AI
Cancer. 1990 Jan 15;65(2):327-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90106458
Teshima T; Akashi K; Shibuya T; Taniguchi S; Okamura T; Harada M; Sumida I; Hanada M; Niho Y; First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement was reviewed in 99 patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Fifteen episodes of CNS involvement developed in ten of 99 patients (10.1%); nine had leptomeningeal involvement, whereas two developed intracerebral invasion, one developed cord involvement, and one develo
Clerici M; Stocks NI; Zajac RA; Boswell RN; Shearer GM; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from human immunodeficiency virus seropositive (HIV+) individuals who did not exhibit symptoms of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (Walter Reed Stage 1 patients) were tested for accessory cell function for presentation of recall antigens to autologous T lymphocytes and for p
Borradori L; Castelli D; Flueckiger E; Nydegger UE; Central Laboratory of Hematology, University of Berne,; Switzerland.
Increased amounts of platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (PAIgG) have been reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with thrombocytopenia. We have prospectively investigated PAIgG in 21 asymptomatic (group A; CDC stages IIA-IIB) and 9 symptomatic (group B: CDC stages IIIB-IV) HIV-infected narc
Buck BE; Resnick L; Shah SM; Malinin TI; Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL; 33101.
This study demonstrates by a virologic culture method that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resides in bone. After freezing, some initially positive specimens no longer yielded virus, but those that continued to yield virus were not further altered by subsequent washing, which removed essentially all marrow, or by f
Kakaiya RM; Jackson B; American Red Cross Transplantation Services, St. Louis, Missouri; 63108.
The findings of a survey of 12 regional programs engaged in collection, storage, and distribution of surgical bone grafts are described in this report. In approximately one year, 1944 grafts (mostly femoral heads) were collected. The overall discard rate for the grafts was 30%. An unacceptable medical history, and lab
Valle GA; Lemberg L; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine; 33101.
Silent ischemia is a common finding in coronary artery disease and occurs more frequently than painful episodes in the total ischemic burden. Since painless ischemia places limits on the history, it can encourage physicians to spend more time studying and treating the electrocardiogram and less time with patients, pot
Ungar BL; Ward DJ; Fayer R; Quinn CA; Division of Tropical Public Health, Uniformed Services University; of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
Cryptosporidium is a parasite of the human gastrointestinal tract that can cause life-threatening diarrhea in immunodeficient patients. Although more than 80 agents have been tried with occasional anecdotal success, treatment remains primarily limited to hydration. A 38-yr-old homosexual man with antibody to human imm
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1990 Jan;12(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90108651
Guydish J; Temoshok L; Dilley J; Rinaldi J; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San; Francisco.
This paper reports an outcome evaluation and needs assessment conducted by the AIDS and Substance Abuse Program (ASAP) of the San Francisco AIDS Health Project. The study was designed to: 1) evaluate effectiveness of a hospital based intervention and referral service for HIV affected substance abusers, and 2) gather i
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1990 Jan;12(1):30-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90108655
Brown GR; Rundell JR; Department of Psychiatry, Wilford Hall Medical Center,; SGHCCI/Lackland AFB, Texas.
Prospective studies of psychiatric morbidity in HIV-seropositive women without AIDS have not been previously reported. As part of a 5-year longitudinal study, psychiatric diagnoses are described in 20 employed, educated women who are not intravenous drug abusers. This population is markedly different from the urban, m
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1990 Jan;12(1):50-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90108658
O'Dowd MA; McKegney FP; Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467.
To identify similarities and differences between AIDS patients and non-AIDS patients, all psychiatric consultations done in one year in a large voluntary general hospital were reviewed. A total of 93 consultations were done on 67 AIDS patients and 138 consultations were done on 121 comparably aged patients without AID
Greene WB; DeGnore LT; White GC; Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina School of; Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7055.
Thirty patients who had hemophilia and were seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus were evaluated. The preoperative CD4 lymphocyte count was decreased to an average of 336 x 10(9) per liter (range, 27 to 708 x 10(9) per liter). After twenty-six orthopaedic operations in patients who had no previous bacteria
Allen JB; McCartney-Francis N; Smith PD; Simon G; Gartner S; Wahl LM; Popovic M; Wahl SM; Cellular Immunology Section, NIDR, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
A population of circulating mononuclear cells from patients with AIDS was identified which expressed interleukin 2 receptors (IL-2R). By dual-fluorescence flow microfluorometry, the patients IL-2R+ cells were further identified as Leu M3+ monocytes (29.4 +/- 5.2% of the Leu M3+ cells were IL-2R+, n = 15), whereas Leu
J Immunol. 1990 Jan 15;144(2):480-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90111057
Breen EC; Rezai AR; Nakajima K; Beall GN; Mitsuyasu RT; Hirano T; Kishimoto T; Martinez-Maza O; Department of Microbiology, UCLA School of Medicine.
Polyclonal B cell activation is commonly observed in AIDS and in infection with HIV. Because IL-6 (B cell stimulatory factor 2) plays an essential role in the differentiation of activated B cells to Ig-secreting cells, and because IL-6 production is induced by exposure of human PBMC to HIV, we measured the level of ci
J Immunol. 1990 Feb 1;144(3):970-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90111151
Voth R; Rossol S; Klein K; Hess G; Schutt KH; Schroder HC; Meyer zum Buschenfelde KH; Muller WE; Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik, Klinikum der Universitat,; Mainz, West Germany.
Human PBMC from HIV-1-infected individuals produced ex vivo in response to vesicular stomatitis virus only low amounts of IFN-alpha. This impairment was significant as early as Walter Reed (WR) stage 2; at WR stage 4-5, the production was almost zero. At WR stage 2 of infection, IFN-alpha mRNA was exclusively found in
Harbison MA; Gillis JM; Pinkston P; Byrn RA; Rose RM; Hammer SM; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
Recombinant soluble CD4 (rCD4) was tested for its ability to block acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the U937 monocytic cell line and in human pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) and for its ability to prevent transfer of virus from chronically infected PAM to target peripheral blood mononuclear l
Gordin FM; Gibert C; Hawley HP; Willoughby A; Medicine Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center,; Washington, DC 20422.
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus in serial unselected hospital admissions was determined to examine the potential efficacy of a system of universal blood and body fluid precautions versus a system based on selected or unselected screening. Serum was obtained from 616 (97%) of
J Ky Med Assoc. 1990 Jan;88(1):17-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90111388
Lee P; Dow FT; Bryant CG; Roy TM; Division of Respiratory and Environmental Medicine, University of; Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky 40292.
A significant portion of health resource dollars are spent providing intensive care. We examined the immediate outcome of the utilization of medical intensive care for the patient with complications of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at the teaching hospital of the University of Louisville. Our experienc
Singh YN; Malaviya AN; Tripathy SP; Chaudhuri K; Khare SD; Nanu A; Bhasin R; Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,; New Delhi.
In the present study, blood from paid and unpaid donors was screened for the presence of HIV infection using a competitive ELISA test. None of the 8,000 unpaid donors but 4 (0.23%) of the 1,700 paid donors showed evidence of HIV infection. All of these four ELISA-positive samples were confirmed by the Western blot tes
Perlman JA; Kelaghan J; Wolf PH; Baldwin W; Coulson A; Novello A; Contraceptive Evaluation Branch, National Institute of Child; Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.
Using data from the National Survey of Family Growth, we estimate that among 3,498,060 U.S. reproductive-age women least likely to be protected from HIV, 12% rely on condoms for birth control. We have modeled the risk difference between condom users and nonusers and projected the number of preventable and nonpreventab
Lesnick H; Pace B; Department of English, Hostos Community College, City University; of New York, New York 10451.
Hostos Community College is located in the South Bronx, an epicenter of the AIDS epidemic. The student body is 84% Hispanic and 12% black; Hispanics and blacks account for 70% of AIDS cases among heterosexual adults nationwide and 75% of pediatric cases. We surveyed 1,869 Hostos students to determine their understandi
J Med Chem. 1990 Jan;33(1):17-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90112372
Vince R; Hua M; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy,; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
(+-)-cis-[4-[(2,5-Diamino-6-chloropyrimidinyl)amino]-2- cyclopentenyl]carbinol (5a) was synthesized from 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine and cis-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentenylamine (2a) by subsequent preparation of the 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)azo] derivative of the resulting pyrimidine (3a) and reduction of the azo moiety w
Watanabe M; Ringler DJ; Nakamura M; DeLong PA; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
The pathogenic mechanisms underlying the depressed hematopoietic functions seen in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals were explored in rhesus monkeys infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac). Bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cell colony formation, both granulocyte/macroph
Shibata R; Miura T; Hayami M; Ogawa K; Sakai H; Kiyomasu T; Ishimoto A; Adachi A; Department of Viral Oncology, Kyoto University, Japan.
We constructed an infectious molecular clone of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and generated nine frameshift mutants corresponding to nine open reading frames identified so far. Three structural (gag, pol, env) and two regulative (tat, rev) gene mutants were not infectious, whereas vif, vpx, vpr, and
Simmonds P; Balfe P; Peutherer JF; Ludlam CA; Bishop JO; Brown AJ; Department of Genetics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, the proportion of circulating mononuclear cells (PBMCs) which carry HIV provirus and the number of HIV proviral sequences per infected PBMC have been matters for conjecture. Using a double polymerase chain reaction which allows the detection of single molecul
Kumar P; Hui HX; Kappes JC; Haggarty BS; Hoxie JA; Arya SK; Shaw GM; Hahn BH; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
Naturally occurring strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can vary considerably in their in vitro biological properties, and such differences may also be reflected in their in vivo pathogenesis. In an attempt to define genetic determinants of viral pathogenicity, we have molecularly cloned, sequenced, and char
Rey MA; Laurent AG; McClure J; Krust B; Montagnier L; Hovanessian AG; Unite d'Oncologie Virale (CNRS URA 1157), Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
An 80-kilodalton glycoprotein (gp80) was produced in human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-infected cells along with three envelope glycoproteins that we have recently reported: the extracellular glycoprotein (gp125), the envelope glycoprotein precursor (gp140), and the transient dimeric form of the precursor (g
Broliden PA; Ljunggren K; Hinkula J; Norrby E; Akerblom L; Wahren B; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120. One MAb, P4/D10, was found to mediate highly efficient antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and virus neutralization. The reactivity was located to a major neutralizing region (amino acids 304 to 323) on gp120. Five other M
JAMA. 1990 Feb 2;263(5):679-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90112718
Perry S; Jacobsberg L; Fishman B; Cornell University Medical College, New York Hospital, NY.
To examine the effect of human immunodeficiency virus antibody testing on suicidal ideation among physically asymptomatic subjects at perceived risk for infection, 244 men and 57 women completed the Beck Depression Inventory 2 weeks before and 1 week and 2 months after notification. All subjects received extensive pre
JAMA. 1990 Feb 9;263(6):851-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90112753
Fullilove RE; Fullilove MT; Bowser BP; Gross SA; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco.
Crack cocaine is a smokable form of cocaine hydrochloride that has been associated with increases in admissions to drug treatment programs, and, recently, increases in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among black teenagers. In an exploratory, cross-sectional study of the prevalence of risk behavio
Med J Aust. 1990 Jan 15;152(2):78-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90114004
Morlet A; Darke S; Guinan JJ; Wolk J; Gold J; Albion Street (AIDS) Centre, Surry Hills, NSW.
Intravenous drug users who presented to the Albion Street (AIDS) Centre for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody screening during the period March 1, 1985 to January 31, 1989, were included in this study. Information on medical history and HIV risk-related behaviour was collected by means of a standardized, com
Nature. 1990 Jan 4;343(6253):85-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90114416
Pang S; Koyanagi Y; Miles S; Wiley C; Vinters HV; Chen IS; Department of Pathology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla 92083.
In the host cell, retroviral DNAs exist in three main forms: unintegrated linear, unintegrated circular, and integrated (the provirus). High levels of unintegrated forms of retroviral DNA often correlate with superinfection and accompanying cytopathic effects, as, for example, in the case of feline acquired immunodefi
The case history is presented of the first patient with a fatal HIV-2 infection in The Netherlands , a Portuguese woman aged 51 yr. The infection resulted in AIDS, the AIDS- dementia complex and death. Her partner, a retired
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1990 Jan 13;134(2):71-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90114510
Buijs L; Pietersz RN; van den Berg-Wolf MG; Reesink HW; ten Veen JH; Vereeniging voor Ziekenverpleging, afd. Inwendige Geneeskunde,; Amsterdam.
During 20 months 49 AIDS patients treated with zidovudine were followed prospectively. The 12-month cumulative probability of survival was 73% and the 18-month probability of survival was 51%. The probability of survival was significantly higher when, at the start of therapy, the Karnofsky score was 70 or higher (p le
Hingson R; Strunin L; Berlin B; Boston University School of Public Health, MA 02118.
Despite substantial progress, adolescents remain at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Two independent random digit dial statewide Massachusetts surveys of 16- to 19-year-old persons conducted August through September 1986 and 1988 revealed that the proportion of teenagers who had discussed ac
Rogers MF; White CR; Sanders R; Schable C; Ksell TE; Wasserman RL; Bellanti JA; Peters SM; Wray BB; AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The possibility of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from infected children to their contacts has been confronted in households, schools, day-care centers, and other child care settings. Cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and several studies of close contacts of HIV-infected patient
Smart PE; Weinfeld A; Thompson NE; Defortuna SM; Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33101.
Radiographs of the stomach showed narrowing of the antrum, caused by toxoplasmosis, in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A biopsy specimen demonstrated numerous cysts containing Toxoplasma gondii and many free trophozoites. A subsequent brain scan, obtained with computed tomography, showed mult
Bove JR; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
In the past, testing by blood banks was intended primarily to ensure product quality or donor safety or to meet existing regulations. As a result of recent pressures, especially the AIDS epidemic, additional reasons to test have become evident. Although some of these reasons are not easy to accept, it is appropriate t
Kotler DP; Tierney AR; Brenner SK; Couture S; Wang J; Pierson RN Jr; Department of Medicine, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center,; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New; York.
Malnutrition in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is common and multifactorial. The possible causes of malnutrition were evaluated by performing studies of energy balance in five clinically stable outpatients with AIDS, six seronegative homosexual control subjects, and five seronegative heterose
Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Feb;131(2):208-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119584
Chiasson MA; Stoneburner RL; Lifson AR; Hildebrandt DS; Ewing WE; Schultz S; Jaffe HW; AIDS Research Unit, New York City Department of Health, NY 10013.
Patients who attended a sexually transmitted disease clinic in New York City in 1987 were offered enrollment in a nonblinded study to estimate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroprevalence in adults with multiple sexual partners and to determine risk factors associated with HIV-1 infection. In addition, a
Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Feb;131(2):221-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119585
Lifson AR; Darrow WW; Hessol NA; O'Malley PM; Barnhart JL; Jaffe HW; Rutherford GW; AIDS Office, Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA; 94102.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) surveillance data for both the United States and San Francisco indicate that Kaposi s sarcoma is more common in homosexual and bisexual men with AIDS than in other adults with AIDS, and that the proportion of newly diagnosed AIDS cases presenti
Am J Med Sci. 1990 Jan;299(1):16-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119622
Schenker S; Johnson RF; King TS; Schenken RS; Henderson GI; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science; Center, San Antonio.
The diagnosis of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is increasingly made in pregnant women, and the disease may be transmitted to the fetus. Azidothymidine ( AZT , Zidovudine) is the one therapeutic agent of some promise in this condition. As the
Am J Public Health. 1990 Feb;80(2):150-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119868
Chitwood DD; McCoy CB; Inciardi JA; McBride DC; Comerford M; Trapido E; McCoy HV; Page JB; Griffin J; Fletcher MA; et al; Department of Oncology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33136.
Needle/syringe combinations were collected from three shooting galleries in South Florida and tested for the presence of antibodies to HIV-1. Fifteen of 148 needles (10.1 percent) tested positive for HIV-1 antibody. Seropositivity rates did not vary by the day of the week of collection, nor by shooting gallery from wh
Am J Public Health. 1990 Feb;80(2):209-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119885
Horsburgh CR Jr; Jarvis JQ; McArther T; Ignacio T; Stock P; AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
We evaluated the prevalence and incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in 3,837 inmates of a state prison system. Ninety-two (2.4 percent) were HIV-seropositive. The highest proportion of HIV-seropositive inmates was found among Blacks (5.4 percent), females, and those 30 years of age or older. HIV-
Levine SJ; White DA; Fels AO; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.
This study assessed the incidence and clinical significance of recovery of Staphylococcus aureus from the respiratory tract of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In a retrospective review of 129 consecutive episodes of respiratory disease in HIV-seropositive patients where respiratory tract
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Feb 1;112(3):187-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90120361
Jacobson MA; Berger TG; Fikrig S; Becherer P; Moohr JW; Stanat SC; Biron KK; University of California, San Francisco.
Four patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who received chronic oral acyclovir therapy for suppression of recurrent varicella zoster or herpes simplex virus infection developed persistent disseminated hyperkeratotic papules that failed to heal with intraveno
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Feb 15;112(4):247-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90120378
Schooley RT; Merigan TC; Gaut P; Hirsch MS; Holodniy M; Flynn T; Liu S; Byington RE; Henochowicz S; Gubish E; et al; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study the safety and pharmacokinetics and to derive preliminary evidence on surrogate indicators of efficacy of recombinant soluble CD4 (rsCD4) in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and advanced AIDS-related complex. DESIGN: Open label, escalating dosage, phase I-II toleran
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Feb 15;112(4):254-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90120379
Kahn JO; Allan JD; Hodges TL; Kaplan LD; Arri CJ; Fitch HF; Izu AE; Mordenti J; Sherwin JE; Groopman JE; et al; San Francisco General Hospital, California.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of recombinant, soluble human CD4 (rCD4) in subjects with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex. The protein rCD4 binds to envelope protein, gp120, of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and blocks HIV infection of CD4 lym
Ann Thorac Surg. 1990 Jan;49(1):115-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90120711
Bonfils-Roberts EA; Nickodem A; Nealon TF Jr; Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, New York, NY.
Open lung biopsy (OLB) was performed on 66 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from November 1981 through December 1987. Twenty-two patients with severe respiratory failure died within a month, 3 during operation. Fourteen patients with negative transbronchial biopsy and 19 with failure of treatment based
Somogyi AA; Watson-Abady JA; Mandel FS; Department of Medicine, Booth Memorial Medical Center, Flushing,; NY 11355.
Community physicians may play an increasing role in treating patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) because of the shift away from inpatient care. At a community hospital in New York, NY, we surveyed 230 attending physicians in a department of medicine to determine their attitudes toward the care of p
Novick DM; Joseph H; Croxson TS; Salsitz EA; Wang G; Richman BL; Poretsky L; Keefe JB; Whimbey E; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY; 10003.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become widespread among parenteral drug abusers. We measured antibody to HIV and hepatitis B virus markers in 58 long-term, socially rehabilitated methadone-maintained former heroin addicts. None of the 58 had antibody to HIV, but one or more markers of hepatitis B viru
Crit Care Med. 1990 Jan;18(1):18-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90091523
Notterman DA; Greenwald BM; Di Maio-Hunter A; Wilkinson JD; Krasinski K; Borkowsky W; Department of Pediatrics, Cornell University Medical College,; 10021.
Twenty-two pediatric patients with AIDS required assisted ventilation during 27 pediatric ICU (PICU) admissions. Patients were retrospectively divided on the basis of whether they required assisted ventilation for acute respiratory failure (ARF) or for another reason. Sixteen (59%) courses of assisted ventilation were
Crit Care Med. 1990 Jan;18(1):21-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90091524
Gregg RW; Friedman BC; Williams JF; McGrath BJ; Zimmerman JE; Department of Anesthesiology, George Washington University; Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037.
We used continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) by face mask to treat 18 AIDS patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who were in hypoxic respiratory failure. Candidates for mask CPAP were conscious, not hypercarbic, and able to protect their airway on ICU admission. Treatment was effective and well tole
Pozzatti R; Vogel J; Jay G; Jerome H. Holland Laboratory, American Red Cross, Rockville,; Maryland 20855.
Epidemiologic studies have linked infection by the human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) with the development of adult T-cell leukemia. The low penetrance of the virus and the long latency for disease manifestation are factors that obscure the role of HTLV-I infection in oncogenesis. We have used an in vitro tran
N Engl J Med. 1990 Jan 25;322(4):217-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90098048
Jackson JB; MacDonald KL; Cadwell J; Sullivan C; Kline WE; Hanson M; Sannerud KJ; Stramer SL; Fildes NJ; Kwok SY; et al; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis.
To determine whether apparently healthy persons who have had repeatedly reactive enzyme immunoassays and an indeterminate Western blot assay for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2, we studied 99 such volunteer blood donors in a low-risk area of the country. The
Padilla S; Rivera-Perlman Z; Solomon L; Department of Pathology, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Albert; Einstein College of Medicine, NY 10457.
Kaposi s sarcoma in transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is rare; to our knowledge, only four previous cases have been reported. We report a unique case of transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a 74-year-old woman. At autopsy, both lungs were extensively affected by Kaposi s
Hassan NF; Douglas SD; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Children's; Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Monocytes/macrophages play a central role in the afferent and efferent limbs of the immune system. Macrophages perform several immunological functions both in vivo and in vitro, including antigen presentation, tumor cell killing, phagocytosis, and bacterial and viral killing. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS),
J Immunol. 1990 Jan 1;144(1):94-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90111047
Koga Y; Sasaki M; Yoshida H; Wigzell H; Kimura G; Nomoto K; Department of Virology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
A plasmid which has an envelope gene from the human T lymphotropic virus IIIB isolate of HIV under the transcriptional control of the human metallothionein IIA promoter was constructed and transfected into human CD4+ and CD4- cell lines. When the expression of the env gene was induced with metal ions in cloned cell li
McMeeking A; Borkowsky W; Klesius PH; Bonk S; Holzman RS; Lawrence HS; Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, NY; 10016.
Cryptosporidial infection causes severe diarrheal disease in patients with AIDS. Fourteen patients with AIDS and symptomatic cryptosporidiosis were treated with a specific bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract (immune DLE) prepared from lymph node lymphocytes of calves immunized with cryptosporidia or a nonspecific (non
Makadon HJ; Seage GR 3d; Thorpe KE; Fineberg HV; Harvard AIDS Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,; Massachusetts.
The complex health care needs of people with HIV infection highlight inadequacies in our health care financing system and raise the question of how best to pay for care. AIDS requires a broad continuum of care to maintain high quality and reasonable costs. A simultaneous need is to assure access to care for patients w
Ascher MS; Sheppard HW; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department; of Health Services, Berkeley 94704.
A hypothesis is presented in which HIV infection leads to immunodeficiency through indirect subversion of critical T cell regulatory mechanisms. Acting at the T cell receptor complex (TCR), viral components (gp120) mimic the natural ligands of CD4, molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and deliver p
Warren RQ; Wolf H; Shuler KR; Eichberg JW; Zajac RA; Boswell RN; Kanda P; Kennedy RC; Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78284.
The fine specificities of antibodies produced against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp160 were examined in sera from 23 HIV-1-infected chimpanzees. These animals had been infected with one of six isolates of HIV-1. Sera were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for reactivity against seven synth
Klimkait T; Strebel K; Hoggan MD; Martin MA; Orenstein JM; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
A deletion mutation affecting vpu was introduced into an infectious molecular clone of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, and the resultant phenotype was examined after infection of human T lymphocytes. The absence of vpu resulted in an accumulation of cell-associated viral proteins and impaired the release of proge
Cochrane AW; Perkins A; Rosen CA; Department of Molecular Oncology, Roche Research Center, Nutley,; New Jersey 07110.
The human immunodeficiency virus rev gene product regulates the expression of viral structural genes. It was recently shown that Rev regulates the export of viral structural mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Analysis of Rev subcellular localization reveals marked accumulation in the nucleolus, suggesting a role
Med Clin North Am. 1990 Jan;74(1):29-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90113460
Farmer RG; Division of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio.
The infectious causes of enteritis and colitis are numerous. However, the actual clinical differential diagnosis with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn s disease is usually not a significant problem, except, of course, in two circumstances: (1) acute onset of diarrhea with or without rectal bleeding, and (2) patients
Med J Aust. 1990 Jan 15;152(2):75-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90114003
Rylatt DB; Kemp BE; Bundesen PG; John MA; O'Reilly EJ; Cottis LE; Miles SJ; Khan JM; Dinh DP; Stapleton D; et al; AGEN Biomedical Ltd, Acacia Ridge, QLD.
A new immunoassay system has been developed which allows the detection of circulating antigens, antibodies or drugs in whole blood without specialized personnel or equipment. This is achieved by the use of bispecific reagents, which comprise specific antibodies or antigens that are coupled to a non-agglutinating antie
Jackson JB; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis.
PCR is a sensitive and powerful diagnostic and research tool. Its diagnostic applications in infectious disease, genetics, and cancer will play a prominent role in transfusion medicine in the next several years. However, the indirect effect of PCR on transfusion medicine in terms of increasing our understanding of dis
Am J Public Health. 1990 Feb;80(2):190-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119878
Khabbaz RF; Hartley TM; Lairmore MD; Kaplan JE; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA 30333.
We tested 196 sera from a human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) risk group (prostitute women) with two commercial research enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (EIA) for HTLV-I antibodies. All tested sera were characterized by HTLV-I Western immunoblots and by HTLV-I radioimmunoprecipitation assays. The estimated
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Feb 15;112(4):278-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90120382
Berkman SA; Lee ML; Gale RP; UCLA School of Medicine.
PURPOSE: To ascertain the activity of intravenous immunoglobulin in a wide range of diseases. DATA IDENTIFICATION: English-language literature search using MEDLINE (1982 to 89), review of meeting reports, and extensive hand searching of bibliographies of identified articles. STUDY SELECTION: All identified articles. D
The specificity of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus-1) protease has been evaluated relative to its ability to cleave the three-domain Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE66) and related proteins in which the first domain has been deleted or replaced by a segment of CD4. Native PE66 is not hydrolyzed by the HIV-1 protease. Howe
Guo HG; Veronese FM; Tschachler E; Pal R; Kalyanaraman VS; Gallo RC; Reitz MS Jr; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The envelope proteins of retroviruses are derived from a polypeptide precursor protein by cleavage adjacent to a cluster of basic amino acids. Site-specific mutagenesis was used to construct a mutant of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in which the arginine residue at the carboxy-terminus of the gp120 w
Radin DR; Baker EL; Klatt EC; Balthazar EJ; Jeffrey RB Jr; Megibow AJ; Ralls PW; Department of Radiology, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, L.A. County/USC Medical Center 90033-1084.
Clinical and radiologic findings in nine patients with AIDS and disseminated Pneumocystis carinii infection were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy (five patients) and by biopsy (two patients). All nine had a history of P. carinii pneumonia. CT showed parenchymal calcifications in the spl
Jewett A; Bonavida B; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of; Medicine.
Monocytes/macrophages serve a number of immunologic functions and play a major role in the host defense against infection. Abnormal functions of monocytes have been reported in AIDS and HIV+ individuals. A recent report from our laboratory demonstrated that peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) derived from AIDS patients w
Kales CP; Holzman RS; Department of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY; 10016.
Although listeriosis is an uncommon infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the frequency of listeriosis in New York City has increased because of the increase in the number of HIV-infected patients. The medical records of 30 patients admitted to three medical centers in New York City
Mendelson DN; Sandler SG; John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University,; Cambridge, MA.
We propose a model for estimating the benefit of adding a test for the human immunodeficiency virus antigen (HIV-Ag) to current procedures for testing donated blood. Using this model, data on HIV infection from published studies, and certain assumptions about blood donor behavior, we estimate that the probability of d
Boros P; Gardos E; Bekesi GJ; Unkeless JC; Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai Medical School, New York; City, New York 10029.
Fc gamma RIII on neutrophils is a phosphatidyl inositol glycan (PIG)-anchored protein that can be released from the cells by activation with chemotactic peptides. We have examined the expression of Fc gamma RIII (CD16), CD11b, and Fc gamma RII (CD32) on neutrophils from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-I-infected in
Glick M; Infectious Disease Center, Temple University School of Dentistry,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Should all dental patients be screened for HIV antibody status, or should only specific individuals be tested? Will the result of a patient s HIV test change treatment procedures, or is there no advantage to testing patients? Many questions need to be answered prior to institutional HIV testing for dental patients.
Sattler FR; Allegra CJ; Verdegem TD; Akil B; Tuazon CU; Hughlett C; Ogata-Arakaki D; Feinberg J; Shelhamer J; Lane HC; et al; Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical; Center 90033.
To determine the maximal tolerable dosage of trimetrexate for treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia, 25 patients were treated each day with 45 mg/m2 of trimetrexate and 80 mg/m2 of leucovorin; 10 received 60 mg/m2 and 80 mg/m2; 12 received 60 mg/m2 and 160 mg/m2; and 6 received 90 mg/m2 and 160 mg/m2, respectively. Leuc
Human cell lines (the T-cell lines H9, Jurkat, and HUT102, the myeloid lines U937 and HL60, and the Raji B cell line) were infected with HIV-1. HIV-1 antigen could be detected by immunofluorescence analysis in more than 50% of T cells and myeloid cells 15 days after infection. Infection of Raji cells took more than 2-
Reiss P; Lange JM; de Ronde A; de Wolf F; Dekker J; Danner SA; Debouck C; Goudsmit J; Department of Virology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Antibodies to E. coli-produced HIV-1 vpr and vpu were determined by enzyme immunoassay in serial sets of sera from 72 men seroconverting for antibodies to HIV-1 structural proteins, and from 196 initially symptom-free men who were positive for such antibodies at study entry. First detection of vpr- and vpu-specific an
J Public Health Dent. 1990 Winter;50(1):7-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90112226
Rydman RJ; Yale SH; Mullner RM; Whiteis D; Vaux K; Center for Health Services Research, School of Public Health,; University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
The purpose of this study was threefold: (1) to report the proportion of dental practitioners adhering to the 1987 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) procedures for using infection control techniques (ICTs); (2) to identify attitudes toward infection control and disease; and (3) to establish whether certain practitione
Marzouk HF; Zuyderwijk J; Uitterlinden P; de Jong FH; Lamberts SW; Department of Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The; Netherlands.
Suramin, a polyanionic compound which has been used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis and oncocerciasis, has recently been used in treatment of AIDS, while preliminary success has been reported in the treatment of cancer. However, suramin also causes adrenal insufficiency. The present study was undertaken in order t
Werner T; Brack-Werner R; Leib-Mosch C; Backhaus H; Erfle V; Hehlmann R; GSF-Institut fur Saugetiergenetik, Neuherberg, Federal Republic; of Germany.
Human endogenous retroviral element S71 had previously been shown to contain gag- and pol-related regions and a 3 LTR-like sequence. The nucleotide sequence of S71 was determined and compared with the corresponding regions of SSV and its helper virus SSAV. The 1.48-kb S71 gag region consists of matrix protein p15 (MA
Since July 1987 the German Red Cross Baden-Wurttemberg has practised confidential and anonymous self-exclusion of potential blood donours. The answers given by all donours of the Red Cross Blood Donour Service in Baden-Wurttemberg (n = 297,648) between 23. 2. 1988 and 31. 1. 1989 were analysed. Virological data of sel
Lokeshwar VB; Huang SS; Huang JS; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis; University School of Medicine, Missouri 63104.
In simian sarcoma virus (SSV)-transformed cells (SSV-NRK, SSV-NIH 3T3, and SSV-NP1 cells), the v-sis gene product was synthesized as a 36-kDa glycopolypeptide with one endoglycosidase (Endo) H-sensitive oligosaccharide chain and formed a dimer (p72) with a half-time of less than 5 min. p72 was proteolytically processe
J Immunol. 1990 Jan 1;144(1):122-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90110994
Miller MD; Lord CI; Stallard V; Mazzara GP; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, MA 01772.
The simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac) is a lentivirus which induces an AIDS-like disease in rhesus monkeys. We have explored the virus-specific cellular immune response in SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys. Con A-activated, IL-2 expanded PBL of some SIVma
J Immunol. 1990 Jan 1;144(1):313-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90111025
Mizuochi T; Mizuguchi J; Uchida T; Ohnishi K; Nakanishi M; Asano Y; Kakiuchi T; Fukushima Y; Okuyama K; Morse HC 3d; et al; Department of Blood Products, National Institute of Health,; Tokyo, Japan.
APC activity of spleen cells from C57BL/10 (B10) mice infected with LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV), which is known as a murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) virus, was investigated. The ability of splenic APC from LP-BM5 MuLV-inoculated B10 mice to induce soluble Ag-specific proliferation of cloned T
Dankner WM; McCutchan JA; Richman DD; Hirata K; Spector SA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego.
The in vivo interaction of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) with leukocytes from a group of immunosuppressed patients was studied using specific subgenomic DNA probes and in situ cytohybridization. Study subjects had no recognized disease due to HCMV or had HCMV retinitis or colitis. V
Frappier-Davignon L; Walker MC; Adrien A; el Badraoui LA; Desrosiers M; O'Shaughnessy MV; Affoyon F; Dupuy JM; Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Research Center, Institut; Armand-Frappier, Universite du Quebec, Laval, Canada.
A matched-pair, cross-sectional study of lymphocyte and serological parameters associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 189 randomly chosen, ostensibly healthy adult Haitian immigrants residing in Montreal matched for sex, age (within 5 years), and neighborhood of residence to 189 non-Haitian (Cau
Oxygen-sulfur exchange at the C-4 carbonyl of several modified pyrimidine nucleosides, including 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ), is described in an effort to enhance the lipophilicity and, thereby, the delivery to the central nervous system of the s
Steeg CM; Vogt VM; Section of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology,; Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
We have reinvestigated the ability of the matrix protein (MA) (p19gag) of avian sarcoma and leukemia viruses to interact with RNA. Previous reports claimed on the one hand that MA can bind tightly and with a high degree of specificity to avian sarcoma and leukemia virus RNA in vitro and on the other that it cannot bin
Nistal M; Regadera J; Paniagua R; Rodriguez MC; Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Autonomous; University of Madrid, Spain.
Histological and ultrastructural study of an adult man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) revealed multiple testicular lesions. The seminiferous tubules varied from dilated tubules with hypospermatogenesis, to tubules with Sertoli cells and a few spermatogonia, to necrotic tubules. The testicular interstit
Am J Ophthalmol. 1990 Jan 15;109(1):93-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90119711
McLeish W; Pflugfelder SC; Crouse C; Rabinowitz S; Miller D; Hill EL; Atherton S; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami School of; Medicine, FL.
N Engl J Med. 1990 Jan 18;322(3):161-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90098030
Phair J; Munoz A; Detels R; Kaslow R; Rinaldo C; Saah A; Comprehensive AIDS Center, Northwestern University Medical; School, Chicago, IL 60611.
We assessed the risk of pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii in 1665 participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) but did not have the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and were not receiving prophylaxis against P. carinii. During 48 m
N Engl J Med. 1990 Jan 18;322(3):166-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90098031
Fahey JL; Taylor JM; Detels R; Hofmann B; Melmed R; Nishanian P; Giorgi JV; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Medicine; 90024-1747.
We evaluated three cellular and five serologic markers that are affected by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) for their ability to predict the progression to clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The cellular markers were the number of CD4+ T cells, the number of CD8+ T cells
Blood. 1990 Jan 1;75(1):152-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90105673
Chirmule N; Kalyanaraman VS; Oyaizu N; Slade HB; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital,; Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, NY 11030.
We investigated mechanisms by which the soluble native envelope glycoprotein gp120 of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) suppresses antigen-driven T cell responses. For this study, exogenous interleukin-2 ( IL-2 )-independent, antigen-specific, CD4 positive, human
Blood. 1990 Jan 15;75(2):428-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90105729
Gessain A; Saal F; Gout O; Daniel MT; Flandrin G; de The G; Peries J; Sigaux F; Laboratoire d'Hematologie Moleculaire, Hopital Saint-Louis,; France.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral integration status was examined by Southern blot analysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) DNA from patients presenting a tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and serological evidence of HTLV-I infection. Surface phenotype and morphological aspects of P
Mann DL; Gartner S; LeSane F; Blattner WA; Popovic M; Immunogenetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick; Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially infects cells that express the CD4 molecule, including monocytes and cells of the monocyte lineage. The monocyte-like cell line U937 and monocytes isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were infected with HIV-1. Cell surface antigen expression was deter
J Immunol. 1990 Jan 15;144(2):526-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90111064
Rosenstein Y; Burakoff SJ; Herrmann SH; Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA.
A possible component of the immune dysfunction associated with infection by HIV is the inhibition of CD4 function resulting from the avid binding of soluble HIV envelope glycoprotein (gp120) to cell surface CD4. We assessed CD4 function by measuring the ability of CD4+ T cells to form conjugates with cell size lipid v
J Immunol. 1990 Feb 1;144(3):934-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90111145
Valentin A; Lundin K; Patarroyo M; Asjo B; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
mAb 60.3 and IB4 to CD18, the common beta-subunit of the human leukocytic cell adhesion molecule family, efficiently inhibit syncytium formation induced by the interaction of HIV type 1 (HIV-1)-infected monocytoid cells and CD4+ T cells. The antibodies also interfere with cellfree HIV-1 infection of U-937 clone 16 cel
Cerny A; Hugin AW; Hardy RR; Hayakawa K; Zinkernagel RM; Makino M; Morse HC 3d; Laboratory of Immunopathology, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The role of B cells in induction of phenotypic and functional abnormalities of T cells in a murine retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency syndrome, MAIDS, was evaluated in mice depleted of mature B cells from birth with anti-IgM antibodies (mu-suppressed) and infected at 4 wk of age. Multicolor FACS analyses of CD4+ T ce
Roy S; Morrow WJ; Christian C; Khayam-Bashi H; Busch MP; McCarthy R; Rodgers RP; Vyas GN; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
We assessed the immunopathologic role of circulating immune complexes in human immunodeficiency virus infection by evaluating the data base and the serum bank of the San Francisco Men s Health Study, a longitudinal clinical and epidemiological investigation conducted since 1983. A group of 4,276 sera from 1,023 (inclu
Malone JL; Simms TE; Gray GC; Wagner KF; Burge JR; Burke DS; Department of Internal Medicine, Naval Hospital, Bethesda,; Maryland.
The study objective was to determine the causes and magnitude of absolute CD4 (T4) count variation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected (+) adult males. We conducted a prospective, blinded, and controlled study of 22 adult military male outpatients, including 16 HIV(+) [12 in Walter Reed stage (WR-)
Wills PR; Hughes AJ; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological, Communicative Disorders, and Stroke, Bethesda,; Maryland.
Tat-dependent trans-activation in HIV requires presentation of a CUGGG pentanucleotide at the end of a stem loop within the tar site of the viral long terminal repeat. A tandem repeat within the open reading frame of the prion protein (PrP) mRNA is able to form similar stem loop structures with which the HIV tat prote
In the United States Kaposi s sarcoma is at least 20,000 times more common in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) than in the general population and 300 times more common than in other immunosuppressed groups. Among persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Anderson RE; Lang W; Shiboski S; Royce R; Jewell N; Winkelstein W Jr; Children's Hospital of San Francisco, Calif.
Serum beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 962 unmarried men recruited by probability sampling from areas in San Francisco, Calif, most severely affected by the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). From July 1984 to December 1987, 65 incident AIDS cases occurred
Sei Y; Inoue M; Yokoyama MM; Bekesi JG; Arora PK; Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The kinetics of HIV-1 infection were compared among human B (DK), promonocyte (U937), T-B hybrid (CEMX174), and T (H9) cell lines. Just like H9 cells, CEMX174 cells exhibited strong syncytia induction capacity against highly HIV-1-sensitive CD4+ T cells (SupT1) and had high reverse transcriptase (RT) release in the su
FEBS Lett. 1990 Jan 1;259(2):318-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90092571
Mikhailov MV; Vasilyev AL; Nikolayeva IA; Arsenyan SG; Sverdlov ED; M.M. Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, USSR Academy of; Sciences, Moscow.
A DNA expression library of randomly selected fragments of the HIV-1 genome was constructed and used to search for antigenic determinants. A large segment of the HIV-1 provirus was sonicated, and 150-250 bp DNA fragments were cloned in a system of expression vectors developed to obtain high yields of recombinant prote
Cloyd MW; Moore BE; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Medical Branch,; Galveston 77550.
In vitro assessment of biological properties of 14 independent isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was performed in order to gain insight into the spectrum of behavioral diversity of HIV-1s and to attempt to identify phenotypic traits that may be eventually correlated with in vivo pathogenesis. All
Zhou EM; Lohman KL; Kennedy RC; Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78284.
A mouse monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-Id), designated MC1, was generated against chimpanzee antibodies specific for a synthetic peptide corresponding to a native epitope associated with gp41 of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This anti-Id recognized a shared idiotope/idiotype (Id) on a second chimpanzee
Spear GT; Kessler HA; Rothberg L; Phair J; Landay AL; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush-Presbyterian-St.; Lukes Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612.
Although changes in function of monocytes from AIDS patients have previously been reported, the functional deficits that could occur in monocytes from asymptomatic HIV-seropositive individuals has not been extensively investigated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the oxidative burst response and cell surface ma
Kornbluth RS; Oh PS; Munis JR; Cleveland PH; Richman DD; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
Interferons can suppress the replication of certain retroviruses, including oncogenic murine retroviruses. In recent studies of the Lentivirinae subfamily of Retroviridae, an endogenous, immunologically induced interferon was found to restrict the replication of visna in macrophages. Several studies have shown that th
Miadonna A; Leggieri E; Tedeschi A; Lazzarin A; Chianura L; Froldi M; Zanussi C; Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and; Immunopathology, University of Milan.
Spontaneous histamine release and basophil response to IgE-dependent (anti-IgE) and IgE-independent (formyl-methionine peptide, calcium ionophore A23187) stimuli were evaluated in 15 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 8 with AIDS related complex (ARC), 7 with lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS), 11 se
Delahoussaye PM; Osborne BM; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of; Texas Medical School, Houston.
Three cases of atypical, clinically unsuspected cat-scratch disease (CSD), diagnosed by demonstration of the CSD bacillus in an abdominal visceral organ, are presented. In two cases CSD bacilli were demonstrated for the first time in splenic granulomas in a child and in an adult with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Schneider AM; Straus DJ; Schluger AE; Lowenthal DA; Koziner B; Lee BJ; Wong G; Clarkson BD; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY 10021.
Seventy previously untreated patients with stage II, III, and IV intermediate- or high-grade lymphoma were treated with methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (MACOP-B) between September 1985 and November 1987. Forty-nine of these patients had diffuse large-cell lymphoma (D
The CD4 molecule was reconstituted into the bilayers of large liposomes. Fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy showed that these liposomes interact with HIV-infected H9-HT cells, delivering their contents to the cell interior. Liposomes bearing CD4 did not interact in this way with noninfected H9-HT cells no
Goldstein S; Engle R; Olmsted RA; Hirsch VM; Johnson PR; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland.
We tested three commercially available HIV-1 antigen capture systems for their ability to detect simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV). All three kits detected antigens from six distinct SIV isolates, but with varying degrees of sensitivity. For the overall detection of SIV in cell culture, our assay for reverse trans
Brake DA; Goudsmit J; Krone WJ; Schammel P; Appleby N; Meloen RH; Debouck C; Department of Molecular Genetics, Smith Kline and French; Laboratories, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406-0939.
A panel of murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 trans-activator tat protein were characterized. The anti-tat MAbs were mapped to the different domains of the tat protein by Western blot (immunoblot) and Pepscan analyses. One-half of the MAbs tested mapped to the amino-terminal
Nature. 1990 Jan 4;343(6253):90-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90114417
Meek TD; Lambert DM; Dreyer GB; Carr TJ; Tomaszek TA Jr; Moore ML; Strickler JE; Debouck C; Hyland LJ; Matthews TJ; et al; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Smith Kline & French; Laboratories, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
The gag and pol genes of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (ref. 1) are translated as two polyproteins, Pr55gag and Pr160gag-pol (refs 2-6), which are subsequently cleaved by the action of a virus-encoded protease into the four structural gag proteins of the virion core (p17, p24, p7 and p6) and the pol-
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