(Producer) This video tape presents guidelines to prevent the transmission of Hepatitis B, AIDS, and Herpes in dentistry. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reports that In a dental practice that sees 20 patients a day, it has been estimated that an average of at least two patients with oral herpes, one carr
[Evanston, Ill.] : American Academy of Dermatology, Committee on Audiovisual Education, c1987 52 slides : col. + 1 guide (A National library of dermatologic teaching slides) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/8901854A
Hood AF; Communication and Education; Education
(Producer) A collection of clinical photographs involving primary and acquired immunodeficiencies (AIDS).
(Producer) A video-based training program on AIDS in the workplace for use by employers in preparing managers, supervisors, and other employees to deal with the complex and emotional issues raised by AIDS.
New York : Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York, c1989 1 videocassette (60 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/8901838A
(Producer) A panel of medical experts and a U.S. Supreme Court justice discuss the ethics of medical research. The panelists consider how competition for prizes and profits may lead to secrecy and lack of cooperation, the possibility that some tests may harm volunteers, and the need to test new drugs balanced agains
New York : American Foundation for the Blind ; San Francisco : Lighthouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, c1990 viii, 115 p. : ill., forms Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8917761
Int J Immunotherapy; 4(4):199-201 1988. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90657981
Gottlieb AA; Gottlieb MS; Sinha S; Sizemore R; Kern CH; Imreg Inc., 144 Elk Place, New Orleans, LA 70112
The low mol wt subfractions, designated IMREG-1 and IMREG-2, derived from human leukocyte dialysates, have been shown to enhance delayed-type hypersensitivity to recall antigens such as tetanus toxoid. IMREG-1 contains two peptides, Tyr-Gly and Tyr-Gly-Gly, which demonstrate this activity as well as enhancement of cyt
Cancer Treat Res; 42:79-95 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90656918
Lin JT; Bertino JR; Program of Developmental Therapy and Clinical Investigation,; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York,; NY 10021
Trimetrexate (5-methyl-6-[[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)amino]methyl]-2,4-quinazoli- nediamine) is a 2,4-diaminoquinazoline folate analog originally synthesized as an antimalarial agent. Preclinical and clinical data on this agent are summarized. Trimetrexate differs from methotrexate (MTX) in its transport and intracellul
AIDS Updates; 2(2):1-12 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90657151
Kovacs JA; Critical Care Medicine Dept., NIH, Bethesda, MD
P carinii pneumonia has become a major medical problem due to its high incidence in patients (pts) with HIV infection. Pts with HIV infection at risk for P carinii pneumonia as well as physicians caring for such pts should be educated about the clinical manifestations of this disease, and the subtle manner in which it
The oncogenic potential of a virus depends on several factors, including the attachment of the virus to the host cell via receptors on the cell surface, integration of the viral genome into the host cell, replication of the virus, and transformation of the cell. For the DNA oncogenic viruses, it appears that the early
UCLA Symp Mol Cell Biol; New Ser 91:337-44 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90657469
Weinberg K; Lenarsky C; Kohn D; Parkman R; Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of Southern California Sch. of; Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90027
The present status of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in the treatment of congenital immunodeficiency syndromes is summarized, and the possible role of BMT in treating acquired immunodeficiency syndromes is discussed. BMT has an established role in the treatment of patients (pts) with congenital immune deficiency sy
Richards P; Department of Neurosurgery, Charing Cross Hospital (Fulham),; London, England.
AIDS is a fatal viral infection transmitted by body fluids, primarily blood, which is becoming more common in the U.K., and if the gloomiest predictions are true will affect millions in the next decade. Most, if not all, of these patients will at stage develop neurological manifestations: therefore the neurosurgeon wi
Levinson SS; Denys GA; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Sinai Hospital, Detroit,; Michigan.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a cytoplasmic retrovirus which is transmitted via body fluids, especially through blood products and sexual contact, and is the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Only about 5 to 10% of the patients infected with HIV contract AIDS; the great majority
Ezekowitz RA; Stahl PD; Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115.
Sugar-specific recognition is now well established as an important determinant of cell-cell interactions and host defence mechanisms. Macrophages, in particular, are known to express a variety of lectin-like proteins that are specific for oligosaccharides terminating in mannose, fucose, galactose and sialic acid. This
J Korean Med Sci. 1988 Sep;3(3):107-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90000631
Kim KY; Yang CH; Cho MJ; Lee M; Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine,; Seoul, Korea.
A Total of 498 cases of hemophilia which were reported by sixteen medical centers in Korea were reviewed and analyzed. Hemophilia A comprised 425 cases (85.3%) and the remaining 73 cases (14.7%) were hemophilia B. One case was female and all other cases were male. There were known hemophilia patients in the family in
AAOHN J. 1989 Oct;37(10):397-403. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90000021
Nyamathi A; Flaskerud JH
While the number of companies employing HIV infected workers has more than tripled since 1985, only 10% of American corporations have policies for dealing with persons infected with HIV. The occupational health nurse is in a unique position to influence the attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors of workers in promoting a
AAOHN J. 1989 Oct;37(10):404-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90000022
Nelson LM; Hellman SL
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a preventable, bloodborne, and sexually transmitted disease which represents the major public health crisis of the century. Because treatments are costly and in their infancy, education in disease prevention is a major tool in battling this epidemic. One technique is
Ness R; Killian CD; Ness DE; Frost JB; McMahon D; School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.
Results from the National Resident Matching Program for the years 1980, 1983, and 1987 were used to examine changes over time in the matches of U.S. medical students to residencies in cities with high concentrations of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and to specialties in which the care of AIDS
Lieu TA; Schroeder SA; Altman DF; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California,; San Francisco 94143-0320.
Recent reports have raised the concern that personal care specialties, especially primary care specialties, are attracting fewer medical school graduates. In the present study, the authors evaluated the proportions of University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), medical school graduates entering personal care speci
Schiodt M; Greenspan D; Daniels TE; Nelson J; Leggott PJ; Wara DW; Greenspan JS; Oral AIDS Center, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-0512.
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be associated with enlargement of the major salivary glands or symptoms of dry mouth. We term this condition HIV-associated salivary gland disease (HIV-SGD). In this report we describe 12 patients with HIV-SGD. Nine patients (one child, eight adults) had enlargemen
Br Dent J. 1989 Aug 19;167(4):127-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90000929
Lamey PJ; Lewis MA
There are many causes of oral ulceration, but diagnosis should be relatively straightforward following an adequate history, examination and investigation. If the ulceration fails to respond to treatment, or has an unusual appearance, then an underlying systemic problem such as myeloproliferative disease or HIV infecti
Ehrlich GD; Glaser JB; LaVigne K; Quan D; Mildvan D; Sninsky JJ; Kwok S; Papsidero L; Poiesz BJ; Department of Medicine, SUNY-HSC, Syracuse, NY.
The extent of human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type II (HTLV-II) infection and its rate of spread have been difficult to determine owing to the serological cross-reactivity between HTLV-I and HTLV-II. The present study overcame this problem by directly detecting type-specific proviral sequences by means of the pol
Levy EM; Cottrell MC; Black PH; Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine,; Massachusetts 02118.
A group of men with AIDS who chose to follow a macrobiotic regimen as an alternative form of therapy was studied for the possible influence of psychological factors on their clinical progression. In this group, men with Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) had an estimated survival time of 60% at 3 years. Moreover, there was a tende
By examining persons arrested in Oslo during a certain period, we will try to obtain a better picture of intravenous drug abuse in Oslo. A pilot project was organized for 3 months during the autumn of 1987. In addition to having their arms examined, the arrestees were asked some questions about their abuse and HIV-tes
Petithory JC; De Loye J; Guesnu M; Pariente P; Milgram M; Tardy M; Provoost JP
A study made among drug addicts in the Northern suburbs of Paris enables establishing a stabilisation of positive H.I.V. serology prevalence among them, a fact related to the free sale of syringes and needles. In Africa, the nosocomial transmission of H.I.V. by non-sterilisable but reused needles and syringes is demon
Cancer Invest. 1989;7(3):225-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90002301
Chachoua A; Green MD; Valentine F; Muggia FM; Rita and Stanley H. Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University; School of Medicine, New York 10016.
Fifteen patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and opportunistic infection, were randomized to receive treatment with either thymostimulin (TP-1) at 1 mg/kg for 14 days then weekly for 12 weeks or placebo. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the toxicity of TP-1 in this patient population a
This pilot survey covers 2,772 stays of AIDS-related patients in 13 French public hospitals over 3 months (August, September and October 1988). The public sector in France accounts for two thirds of all hospital beds but it is likely to be responsible for the hospitalization of nea
Labadie JC; Leng B; Mamane G; Vigneau Y; Serise M; Bernadou M; Laboratoire de Sante Publique, Faculte de Medecine, Bordeaux.
The study deals with the infectious diseases department of the university hospital of Bordeaux where most of the AIDS patients in south western France are admitted. In 1986, the department counted 64 admissions (and readmissions) from 35 AIDS patients and 1376 admissions (and readm
Can J Public Health. 1989 May-Jun;80 Suppl 1:S31-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90002697
Beaufoy A
In order to allay employees concerns surrounding HIV infection, agencies must develop a plan of action to include: 1. formal education of all employees. 2. use of purchased or in house developed videos. 3. instituting a centrally located reference file containing pertinent information. 4. considering holding an open
Can Nurse. 1989 Sep;85(8):45-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90002813
Cloutier R
By educating the public, nurses can play an important role in the prevention of HIV transmission. This education should focus on three areas: primary prevention by educating people who are, or are going to be sexually active; HIV screening; and tracing sexual contacts.
Serum samples from 28 children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were studied for the presence of HIV antigen. Their humoral immune response profile, including anti-HIV specific isotypic responses and neutralizing titers, was characterized. Additionally, serum specimens from 12 of these chi
A 42-year-old female case of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) combined with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) was reported. The patient noticed paresthesia in the soles at the age of 17, and gait disturbance and urinary retention at the age of 20. These symptoms progressed slowly. The patient showed indurations in both hy
Swayne LC; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Morristown Memorial Hospital,; New Jersey 07960.
A case of gallium localization within the breast occurred secondary to intravenous drug abuse. In the appropriate clinical setting, prior self-administered injections should be considered as a cause of Ga-67 accumulation at unusual sites.
Conville PS; Keiser JF; Witebsky FG; Clinical Pathology Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical; Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Simultaneous infection with Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare in an AIDS patient was suspected after direct analysis of two BACTEC 13A blood cultures with the Gen-Probe kit for M. avium complex. A mixed infection was confirmed by evaluating isolated colonies. The Gen-Probe kit may provide a simple t
Inderlied CB; Lancero MG; Bermudez LM; Young LS; Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los; Angeles 90027.
Lomefloxacin (SC47111, Searle ) is a difluorinated quinolone with a comparatively long half-life and high serum concentration. This agent has good in vitro activity against Enterobacteriaceae (MIC90 = less than 2 micrograms/ml) and staphylococci (MIC90 = less than 2 microgr
Naidich DP; Tarras M; Garay SM; Birnbaum B; Rybak BJ; Schinella R; NYU Medical Center/Bellevue Hospital.
The role of CT in the diagnosis of intrathoracic Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) was evaluated retrospectively in 24 patients, in the absence of coexistent opportunistic infections. In all cases the diagnosis of KS was initially established by histologic evaluation of extrathoracic disease: 15 patients had verified parenchymal
Hecht SR; Berger M; Van Tosh A; Croxson S; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York.
To investigate the frequency of unsuspected cardiac abnormalities in AIDS, M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiograms were performed on 27 homosexual males with this syndrome. Twenty-one homosexual males without the disease were used as controls. Subjects with clinical heart disease or a history of intravenous drug ab
Chan JC; So SY; Lam WK; Ip MS; Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong.
In areas where tuberculosis is endemic, clinicians managing immunocompromised patients (ICP) are confronted with the possibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a pathogen. To determine the incidence and clinical pattern of, the diagnostic approach to, and potential therapeutic implications of pulmonary tuberculosis
Smith RL; Levine SM; Lewis ML; Pulmonary Disease Section, New York Veterans Administration; Medical Center.
The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II classification, a measure of severity of illness in patients requiring intensive care, was devised before the rapid expansion of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. To determine the applicability of the APACHE II system to AIDS, we rela
Hagopian WA; Huseby JS; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
A patient who developed Pneumocystis carinii hepatitis and choroiditis despite receiving prophylactic pentamidine therapy by aerosol is described. Liver biopsy showed histology typical of Pneumocystis hepatitis, but his respiratory status was stable and his lungs were free of P carinii organisms on BAL. Thus, inhaled
Morrison JG; Scharfenberg JC; Timmcke AE; Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ochsner Clinic, New; Orleans, Louisiana 70121.
A case of nonHodgkin s lymphoma of the perianal region in a patient with AIDS is reported. The unusual features of AIDS-related lymphoma and the possible role of immunodeficiency increasing susceptibility to oncogenic viruses are discussed.
Schwartz MS; Cappell MS; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
Two patients without risk factors or a prior history of pancreatitis developed acute pancreatitis soon after initiating pentamidine isethionate therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In both patients the pancreatitis improved following medication cessation. O
EMBO J. 1989 Jul;8(7):1953-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90005398
Doi T; Hatakeyama M; Itoh S; Taniguchi T; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University,; Japan.
Human lymphotropic virus, HTLV-1, encodes in its proviral genome a transcriptional activator protein, tax-1, that may be responsible for the development of virus-induced adult T cell leukemia (ATL), possibly through the aberrant activation of the genes for interleukin-2 ( I
In order to determine if ocular motor disturbances due to brainstem and cerebellar dysfunction provide a frequent and early marker for HIV infection of the brain, neurological examination was performed in 133 HIV-infected persons who were consecutively admitted to our hospital. In 22 patients (17%) we found no other r
Messiah A; Rozenbaum W; Vittecoq D; Brunet JB; Unite 292, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche; Medicale, Hopital de Bicetre, France.
AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) has a better prognosis than other presentations of AIDS. It is more frequent among homo-bisexual men than in other risk groups. This has raised the possibility of specific etiological agent(s) or co-factor(s) which induce its development. However, this suggestion is confusing since i
Sonenstein FL; Pleck JH; Ku LC; Urban Institute, Washington, D.C.
New data from the 1988 National Survey of Adolescent Males indicate that 60 percent of never-married young men ages 15-19 are sexually active. Among 17-19-year-old males living in metropolitan areas, the rate of sexual activity reported in 1988 was 15 percent higher than that reported in 1979. This increase encompasse
Ito H; Azuma K; Ohashi T; Yasumoto Y; Uchida Y; Tokuda Y; Yamashita W; Uematsu T; Hanada S; Harada R; et al
We investigated on antibodies to human T cell leukemia virus type I (anti HTLV-I) in 101 patients with primary glomerulonephritis in Kagoshima prefecture, an endemic area of HTLV-I in Japan . The positive rate in patients with primary glomerulonephritis was 17.8%, which was not signi
Int J Cancer. 1989 Oct 15;44(4):701-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90007762
Koizumi T; Nakao Y; Kawanishi M; Maeda S; Sugiyama T; Fujita T; Department of Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine,; Japan.
The effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and dexamethasone on cellular proliferation and gene expression of the HTLV-I-infected T-cell line, KH-2, established from a patient with adult T-cell leukemia, endemic in the south-west Japanese islands and the Caribbean, were examined. KH-2 cells are integrated by HTLV-I proviral DNA and e
Fredj G; Dietlin F; Fredj D; Schwarzenberg L; Jasmin C; Meyer P; Misset JL; Hopital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.
On the basis of a similarity between certain neurological symptoms of AIDS and Alzheimer s disease, the authors studied the effects of tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA) in 9 patients with HIV infection. After 2 months of treatment, the preliminary results showed a significant increase in CD4 lymphocyte count as well as a
Nicol I; Flamminio-Zola G; Dubouch P; Bernard J; Snart R; Jouffre R; Reveil B; Fouchard M; Desportes I; Nara P; et al; Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire, Universite; Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France.
Six monkeys of three different species (mangabey, macaque and baboon) were infected with human immunodeficiency type 2 (HIV-2) NIH-DZ using intraperitoneal or intravenous injections of cell-free HIV-2 or autologous HIV-2-infected cells with no prior immunostimulation. Viral expression was demonstrated by reverse trans
Marolda M; De Mercato R; Camporeale FS; Carandente M; Noce S; Cioffi M; Orsini AV; Cauli M; Bassi A; Clinica Neurologica, II Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia,; Universita di Napoli.
We report 3 cases of AIDS complicated by muscular disease: 2 with acute polymyositis and 1 with severe noninflammatory myopathy. Tests for an alternative infectious etiology were negative. HIV may well have a tropism for muscle tissue.
Craig RM Jr; Vickers VA; Correll RW; Dental Service, Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Hospital, San; Antonio, TX.
Carcinoma of the gingiva is a significant risk to patients because the asymptomatic characteristics of erythroplastic lesions are not always readily identified. This case report shows the similarity in clinical appearance of squamous cell carcinoma of the gingiva to the common inflammatory changes associated with peri
Liao WC; Cappell MS; Department of Medicine, University of Medicine of New Jersey,; Robert Wood Johnson (Rutgers) Medical School, New Brunswick; 08903-0019.
A 36-year-old white male intravenous drug abuser and homosexual, with antibodies in the serum to the human immunodeficiency virus and a history of ulcerative colitis, had bloody diarrhea and spiking fevers that did not respond to treatment for 1 month with total parenteral nutrition, orally administered sulfasalazine,
Robinson BE; Walters LH; Skeen P; Department of Human Services, University of North Carolina,; Charlotte 28223.
This study was a survey of 402 parents of gay and lesbian children from the northeastern, southern, midwestern, and western regions of the United States . Of particular interest was parental response to the knowledge of their child s homosexuality and the AIDS outbreak. Although parents
Yamaguchi K; Nishimura Y; Kiyokawa T; Takatsuki K; Blood Transfusion Service, Kumamoto University Medical School,; Japan.
Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we measured the level of soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2Rs) in the serum of 50 normal controls, 48 human carriers of T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody who had no symptoms, 11 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), and 39 patients with adult T c
J Math Biol. 1989;27(5):523-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90010686
Harrison MJ; Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545.
An observed cubic dependence on time of the cumulative growth in numbers of AIDS patients is shown to be the leading term of a power series in general. The cubic leading term follows from a nearly model-independent description of the rate of HIV infection, provided only that there is a distribution of incubation times
J Med Syst. 1989 Jun;13(3):177-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90010707
Imrey HH; Williams BT; Lifespan Research Institute, Englewood, Florida 34224.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is extremely rare among volunteer blood donors. The highly sensitive Enzyme Linked Immunoassay (ELISA) test and the highly specific Western blot confirmation constitute the test sequence now used to minimize the possibility of transfusion associated HIV infection and to min
Florida with 6,599 cases of AIDS as of January 30, 1989, and Broward County with 1,048 cases is experiencing a heavy impact on the health and social care systems, especially the public sector. The HRS/Broward County Public Health Unit, working with the Public Health Trust/Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami, developed
Stevenson M; Iversen PL; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha 68105.
The ability of poly(L-lysine)-conjugated and methylphosphonate-modified synthetic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides to protect susceptible host cells from the cytopathic effects of HIV-1 infection was studied. The abundance of viral antigens in oligomer-treated cultures in
McLean BN; Rudge P; Thompson EJ; Department of Neurochemistry, Queen Square, London, UK.
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from seven West Indian migrants to the United Kingdom with tropical spastic paraparesis were studied by antigen immunoblotting for specific anti-HTLV1 oligoclonal IgG and IgM. Eight CSFs from five patients were positive for specific IgG and negative for Ig
Perinatal nurses were surveyed to determine their knowledge, attitudes, and fears concerning AIDS. Nurses knowledge correlated positively with attendance at conferences and in-service programs. More than 85% of the respondents reported moderate to high fear of AIDS. No correlation was found between knowledge and self
Mason PJ; Olson RA; Myers JG; Huszti HC; Kenning M
Informational needs of hemophiliacs must first be assessed to develop effective educational and prevention programs. A survey of 132 hemophilia patients and family members was conducted to determine the information needs, the preferred source of information and the patients knowledge of AIDS. Results indicated that t
Kumar M; Resnick L; Loewenstein DA; Berger J; Eisdorfer C; Department of Psychiatry, University of Miami, School of; Medicine, FL 33101.
To determine the role of autoantibodies in the development of the AIDS dementia complex, brain-reactive antibodies (BRAs) were assayed in 30 sera samples obtained from AIDS patients. Eighteen samples were obtained from AIDS patients with neuropsychological complications, and 12 sam
De Gruttola V; Fineberg HV; Department of Biostatistic, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
A national survey to estimate prevalence of HIV infection would provide a useful addition to available information about the current status and future prospects of the AIDS epidemic in the United States . Both design and interpretation of a prevalence study should make use of existing i
Biggar RJ; Brinton LA; Rosenthal MD; Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Data provided by 797 women were analyzed to determine how sexual behavior has changed over time. These women, interviewed in 1983, were originally enrolled as healthy controls for a cervical cancer study. A total of 54.5% of white women and 15.6% of black women had no partners other than their husbands. White women le
D'Aquila RT; Peterson LR; Williams AB; Williams AE; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
This cross-sectional study of 341 entrants to drug abuse treatment in four Connecticut cities in 1986-1987 evaluated whether demographic, behavioral, viral serologic, or economic differences explained the disproportionate risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among black and Hispanic intravenou
1. Ocular manifestations of AIDS are, for the most part, due to the opportunistic infections and neoplasias seen in the syndrome. 2. Ocular infections seen in AIDS patients include cytomegalovirus , Toxoplasma gondii, Candida sp, Cryptococcus sp, herpes simplex or zoster, Mycobacter
Stein B; Kramer M; Rahmsdorf HJ; Ponta H; Herrlich P; Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut fur Genetik und; Toxikologie, Federal Republic of Germany.
UV irradiation, but not visible sunlight, induces the transcription of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Chimeric constructs carrying all or parts of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat linked to an indicator gene were transfected into HeLa cells or murine and human T-cell lines, and their response to irradiatio
Psallidopoulos MC; Schnittman SM; Thompson LM 3d; Baseler M; Fauci AS; Lane HC; Salzman NP; Division of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Georgetown; University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C 20007.
Evidence of a latent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in healthy, seropositive individuals who do not have viral antigens in their sera and from whom virions cannot be rescued in cocultivation experiments was examined. Proviral DNA was detected by amplification by the polymerase chain reaction pro
Kodama T; Wooley DP; Naidu YM; Kestler HW 3d; Daniel MD; Li Y; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
The location of the translational termination codon for the transmembrane protein (TMP) varies in three infectious molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus from macaques (SIVmac). The SIVmac251 and SIVmac142 infectious clones have premature stop signals that differ in location by one codon; transfection of th
Leonard J; Parrott C; Buckler-White AJ; Turner W; Ross EK; Martin MA; Rabson AB; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Mutations were introduced into the regulatory sequences in the long terminal repeat of an infectious molecular clone of the human immunodeficiency virus. Viruses in which the NF-kappa B binding sites were deleted or ones in which one or two Sp1 binding sites were mutated still replicated efficiently in human T lymphoc
We describe a case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) with vertebral bone invasion, who developed acute paraplegia and responded well to irradiation and combined chemotherapy. A 36-year-old man born in Tsushima Island was admitted to our hospital in May 1987, because of a sudden onset of paraplegia, hypesthesia below the
Kamihira S; Sohda H; Momita S; Amagasaki T; Yamada Y; Ikeda S; Tomonaga M; Ichimaru M; Kinosita K; Sawada T
Healthy carriers, patients with ATL and HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) were examined for HTLV-I antibodies of IgG and IgM classes and anti-p 40x antibodies, using ELISA, western blot (WB) and particle agglutination (PA) techniques. IgG antibodies were almost always detectable in sera from all of patients with ATL
Sugimoto M; Nakashima H; Matsumoto M; Kawano O; Imamura F; Ando M; Araki S
HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) is endemic in southwest Japan and frequently shows T-lymphocyte alveolitis. In the present study, we investigated 13 patients with HAM to determine if they showed increased levels of soluble IL-2 re
Montauk SL; Scoggin DM; Dept. of Family Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH 45219.
Family Medicine resident physicians gave a slide show of information on AIDS to fifth and sixth grade students and their teachers. Throughout the program, students were encouraged to ask questions, which were recorded and categorized. Information on the presentation process, program content, and nature of the question
Basch CE; Dept. of Health Education, Teachers College, Columbia University,; New York, NY 10027.
Concepts related to the design and implementation of AIDS education programs in schools are presented. For each concept, the rationale and implications for curricular planning are described and health education research priorities are outlined. Teachers can make a major contribution in preventing HIV transmission amon
Kerr DL; Allensworth DD; Gayle JA; AIDS Education Project, ASHA National Office, Kent, OH 44240.
The self-reported HIV education needs of teachers, PTA presidents, school administrators, school nurses, school board members, school counselors, and physicians (N = 2,855) were investigated. Resources, policy, training, and knowledge needs were assessed. Greatest reported needs for HIV resources included books, pamph
Ross MW; Caudle C; Taylor J; Sydney Hospital, Albion Street AIDS Centre, Surry Hills, NSW,; Australia.
Educational efforts to prevent the spread of AIDS require a combination of accurate information and the application of that information to personal behavior. In this preliminary study, a scale was developed to evaluate the social and interpersonal skills of adolescents in AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related interactions
Byrnes TA; Brevig JK; Yeoh CB; Department of Surgery, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New; York,N.Y.
Case histories of 25 consecutive patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in whom pneumothorax developed from January 1985 to the present are reviewed. Spontaneous pneumothorax developed in 10 patients. All patients had a documented pulmonary infection. Four of 10 died, either of progressive respiratory failur
Garcia-Rodriguez JA; Martin Sanchez AM; Canut Blasco A; Garcia Luis EJ; Luna Rodrigo G
In feces referred for parasite investigation from 1973 patients of the Hospital Clinico Universitario in Salamanca, 27 instances of infestation by Cryptosporidium sp (1.5% of all investigated patients) were detected in 19 children (1.4%) and 8 adults (2.2%). The incidence in patients with antibodies against the human
Life Sci. 1989;45(11):iii-vii. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90013892
Minagawa T; Mizuno K; Hirano S; Asano M; Numata A; Kohanawa M; Nakane A; Hachimori K; Tamagawa S; Negishi M; et al; Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University School of; Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
We have examined human interferon beta-1 (HuIFN-beta 1) levels in the sera from patients with various diseases by using a newly developed highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system (ELISA). High levels of HuIFN-beta 1 were detected in the sera from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-I (HIV-I) infected patient
The authors carried out a prospective survey on 100 cases of AIDS in order to find out the different etiologies of infections diarrhoea in terms of frequency and diagnosis behaviour. 84 out of 100 patients got diarrhoea. All 100 patients had their stools examined, 78 underwent high digestive fibroscopy with irrigation
Lucotte G; Reveilleau J; Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Physique, College de France, Paris.
We describe a simple slot-blot hybridization procedure with an oligo-probe for identification of amplified HIV-1 DNA in seropositive subjects. Comparison are realized, on the same DNA samples, with other methods DNA detection including Southern blot tests after hybridization with a labelled probe, and autoradiographic
Klapholz A; Talavera W; Rorat E; Salsitz E; Widrow C
Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare clinical entity. It may arise primarily from aspiration of infected oropharyngeal material or secondarily from contiguous spread of cervicofacial or abdominal infection. We report the case of an HIV-seropositive patient with a two-week history of fever, a productive cough, and pleurit
Nature. 1989 Oct 12;341(6242):539-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/X15781
Tsujimoto H; Hasegawa A; Maki N; Fukasawa M; Miura T; Speidel S; Cooper RW; Moriyama EN; Gojobori T; Hayami M; Department of Animal Pathology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Since the isolation of an HIV-2-related virus from captive macaques (SIVMAC), the origin of human immunodeficiency viruses, a much debated subject, has been attributed to monkeys. The sequence of SIVAGM, which is derived from a naturally infected African green monkey, shows equal relatedness to HIV-1 and HIV-2, sugges
We report the case of a young adult who visited us because of thrombocytopenia and bleeding, clinically and cytologically compatible with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP). He was seropositive for HIV-1 and therefore HIV associated thrombocytopenia was diagnosed. Recent insights in the pathogenesis of this no
Educative campaigns on the danger of HIV infection have been quite successful. Within a decade the number of cases of gonorrhoea has sharply fallen. However, fear of AIDS does to some extent increase the demand for medical examination for sexually transmitted diseases. This explains why there is a discrepancy between
Ryan J; University of Massachusetts School of Nursing, Amherst.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a deadly infectious virus. Relatively hard to contract, it is the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Nurses and other clinicians have an important role to play in influencing national and local management of the HIV infection through review and comment on p
N Y State J Med. 1989 Sep;89(9):506-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90015821
Brown LS Jr; Chu A; Nemoto T; Ajuluchukwu D; Primm BJ
In 1985, 454 intravenous drug users were recruited from among patients scheduled for physical examination in methadone treatment clinics in New York City. A questionnaire was administered, and serum was collected for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology. The HIV seroinfection rate was 60.6%, with antibody and a
N Z Med J. 1989 Sep 27;102(876):496-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90015880
Ingram RJ; Davis R; Ellis-Pegler RB; Department of Radiology, Auckland Hospital.
We have reviewed admission data, some diagnostic tests, treatment and outcome of 31 male homosexual patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus with 37 consecutive episodes of presumptive Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated at the infectious disease unit, Auckland Hospital, between 1985 and 30 June 1988
Wenstrom KD; Zuidema LJ; University of Illinois, Chicago.
From February 16, 1988 to July 15, 1988, a prospective study was undertaken at the University of Illinois Hospital in Chicago to do the following: 1) determine the seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among our gravid patients, 2) test the hypothesis that methodical counseling would elicit a
Jura E; Chadwick EG; Josephs SH; Steinberg SP; Yogev R; Gershon AA; Krasinski KM; Borkowsky W; Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical Center, NY; 10016.
Primary varicella-zoster (VZ) infection in eight children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection tended to be severe, prolonged, complicated by bacterial infections and in one case fatal. Depletion of CD4-lymphocytes was associated with chronic and recurrent VZ infection. In some patients con
Nord Med. 1989;104(10):256-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90016772
Angeras U
The negative effects of blood transfusions, in the form of transfusion reactions, coagulation disorders, transfer of diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS, high costs etc, have prompted stricter indications for transfusion. In recent years, apart from these well known risks, the immuno-suppressive effect of blood transf
Halmos T; Montserret R; Antonakis K; Institut de Recherches Scientifiques sur le Cancer du CNRS,; Villejuif, France.
Condensation of the 3 -ketonucleoside 4 with diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate by a Wittig reaction afforded, after reduction of the unsaturated branched chain sugar nucleoside 5 with sodium borohydride, a mixture of 9-(2 ,5 -di-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl-3 -C-cyanomethyl-3 -deoxy-beta- D-ribo - and xylofuranosyl) adenines 6
Brains from AIDS patients with an HIV-induced encephalopathy but without opportunistic infections or indications for an inflammation were studied by immuno- and enzyme-histochemical methods. It was found that the macrophages of these brains expressed a lysosomal tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase which gave a good im
Pathol Res Pract. 1989 Aug;185(2):187-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017055
Prevot S; Fournier JG; Tardivel I; Audouin J; Diebold J; Inserm U 43, Hopital Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris, France.
In situ hybridization with a 3H labelled probe on cryosections from 6 spleens of HIV I sero-positive patients with thrombocytopenic purpura showed the presence of HIV RNA in 4 of the 6 spleens at the follicular hyperplasia stage. Two patterns of hybridization were observed: first, a diffuse autoradiographic signal, di
Baum LG; Vinters HV; Department of Pathology, UCLA Medical Center 90024-1732.
A six-year-old Hispanic female with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and multiple opportunistic infections was found to have disseminated lymphadenopathic Kaposi s sarcoma at autopsy. She was presumed to have been infected via maternal transmission, although both HIV antibody positive parents were asymptomat
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(19):7532-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017512
Pahwa S; Chirmule N; Leombruno C; Lim W; Harper R; Bhalla R; Pahwa R; Nelson RP; Good RA; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital,; Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, NY 11030.
An assay system was developed for the analysis of antibodies secreted in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of HIV-infected individuals. Cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes were established with medium alone or with medium containing Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Plucne Bolesti. 1989 Jan-Jun;41(1-2):103-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017882
Sunjara BM; Vuksic BM
In acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) the pulmonary opportunistic infections are due to the depression of cellular immunity and they are found in more than 50% of patients. Most frequently the infection is due to Pneumocystis carinii, Cytomegalovirus, Cryptococcus neoformans and Mycobacterium avium-intracellula
The focus of the current research was on development of a short scale to measure work-related fear of AIDS for use in field research and on assessment of the extent to which its ability to predict managers intentions to discriminate were free of social-desirability response-bias effects. Based upon a sample of 198 ma
Public Health. 1989 Sep;103(5):395-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90018182
Cullen B
The Eastern Health and Social Services Board (EHSSB) in Belfast, developed an AIDS Strategy in autumn 1986. One part of that Strategy highlighted the need for health education and health promotion, with school children as a priority group. The development of an AIDS Awareness Package for Schools by a multidisciplinary
This article focuses on three aspects of the AIDS crisis as it affects the workplace. First, how does the law describe the rights and duties of employers and employees, including coworkers of a person with AIDS, AIDS-Related Complex, or who is antibody positive; second, given the law, what really is happening in the e
Mark AS; Atlas SW; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an uncommon demyelinating disease that occurs in immunocompromised patients. The authors evaluated magnetic resonance (MR) images of 10 patients with pathologically proved PML and clinically diagnosed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to determine the MR char
Dubois-Arber F; Lehmann P; Hausser D; Gutzwiller F; Institut universitaire de medecine sociale et preventive,; Lausanne, Suisse.
Since 1985 the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health and the Swiss AIDS Foundation have been promoting AIDS prevention campaigns. A multi-media information campaign with the main slogan STOP-AIDS began in February 1987 and is still underway. Multiplying effects are stimulated. The evaluation of that strategy, based on
Luna MA; Cleary KR; Department of Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer; Center, Houston 77030.
Pneumocystis carinii is the most common protozoan organism causing infection in immunosuppressed patients. This study, based on a review of 32 lung biopsies and 13 autopsies of patients with neoplastic diseases who developed P carinii pneumonia, emphasizes the morphologic variation of this disease. Excluded from this
Stat Med. 1989 Aug;8(8):963-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90019049
Heisterkamp SH; Jager JC; Ruitenberg EJ; Van Druten JA; Downs AM; Centre for Mathematical Methods, National Institute of Public; Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
This study is motivated by the time lag between date of diagnosis of AIDS cases and date of reporting, which results in incomplete data about the epidemic. A maximum likelihood procedure has been developed to adjust the actual numbers of diagnosed AIDS cases for reporting delay. If a parametric function for describing
Furrer H; Meister F; Malinverni R; Medizinische Universitatspoliklinik, Inselspital Bern.
We report the case of a patient with AIDS, Kaposi s sarcoma and persistent herpes simplex type 2 proctitis who died of herpes simplex 2 pneumonitis following an episode of nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. This rare complication of persistent herpes simplex mucosal infection must be considered in patients with AID
South Med J. 1989 Oct;82(10):1204-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90019653
Weber DJ; Rutala WA; Samsa GP; Sarubbi FA Jr; King LC; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina; School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7030.
We analyzed all cases of tuberculosis reported in North Carolina between 1966 and 1986, and related the incidence rate of tuberculosis (per 100,000 population) to age (0 to 4 years, 7.59; 5 to 14 years, 3.44; 15 to 24 years, 6.30; 25 to 44 years, 15.92; 45 to 64 years, 33.85; greater than 65 years, 51.54), race (white
S Afr Med J. 1989 Oct 7;76(7):308-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90019862
Ziefer A; Abramowitz JA; Department of Tropical Diseases, School of Pathology, South; African Institute for Medical Research, Johannesburg.
Pulmonary histopathological and clinical changes associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) were found to be less severe in 10 HIV-positive patients (group A) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) than in 8 patients (group B) with other immune deficiencies. Lung biopsies from group A showed minimal
S Afr Med J. 1989 Oct 7;76(7):314-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90019863
Sher R; Department of Immunology, School of Pathology, University of the; Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
A review of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in South Africa between 1982 -1988 is presented. One hundred and sixty-six cases of AIDS have been seen in South Africa so far, with a mortality rate of 59.2%. There has been a
S Afr Med J. 1989 Oct 7;76(7):358-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90019876
Sherr L; Christie G; Sher R; Metz J; Department of Psychology, St Mary's Hospital, London.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is considered to be the major health threat of the 20th century. The only way to contain the spread of AIDS is by prevention of infection in the first place. This task is essentially one of education. Because the South African Institute for Medical Research is traditionally as
The urticaria is a common skin disease, characterized by evanescent, pruritic, erythematous and oedematous wheals and sometimes by giant hives (angio-edema). Its pathogenesis is related to the activation of tissue mast cells by many immunologic or non-immunologic mechanisms, resulting in a release of biologically acti
Thromb Haemost. 1989 Jun 30;61(3):354-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90020142
Stain C; Pabinger-Fasching I; Guggenberger K; Koller U; Stain M; Hartl H; Heinz F; Mayerhofer S; Kyrle PA; Lechner K; et al; First Department of Medicine, University of Vienna, Austria.
A group of 90 hemophiliacs who had been regularly treated with non virus-inactivated factor VIII or IX concentrates were studied in 1983. At that time 50 patients were HIV-1-antibody positive, 6 additional seroconversions occurred until 1985. 26 of the 50 patients seropositive in 1983 are currently asymptomatic. 4 pat
Kalbfleisch JD; Lawless JF; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of; Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
The number of cases of transfusion-associated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (TA-AIDS) that will be seen over the next few years is difficult to estimate, because of the uncertainty about the number of persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via blood transfusion and about the duration of the
McGuff J; Popovsky MA; American Red Cross Blood Services, Northeast Region, Dedham,; Massachusetts.
Health care workers, including blood collection staff, are increasingly concerned about occupational hazards, particularly infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus. For individuals involved with volunteer blood donors, the most frequent route of parenteral exposure is needlestick injury
Weissauer W; Berufsverband Deutscher Anaesthesisten.
The homologous blood transfusion bears some risks (infections, intolerance reactions) which cannot be controlled even if all requirements of medical diligence are met. The risk of an AIDS infection is much less important than that of hepatitis non A non B. However, this new disease is the reason that physicians, patie
Bohan CA; Robinson RA; Luciw PA; Srinivasan A; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
Sodium butyrate induces gene expression directed by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) in HeLa cells. Inducible regions of the HIV-1 LTR were elucidated by using 5 and 3 LTR deletion mutants and LTR site-directed mutants within the Sp1 binding sites and the trans-activation re
Mijuskovic Z; Radojicic C; Lilic D; Todorovic P; Dujic A
Concentration of immune complexes (IC) in the serum of patients with various diseases (glomerulonephritis systemic lupus erythematosus--SLE, rheumatoid arthritis--RA and with positive antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus--HIV+) has been determined using two methods: PEG precipitation and laser nephelometry (NL)
Bjornson DC; Meyer DE; Hiner WO Jr; Tramont EC; Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307.
Prescription drug profiles of 116 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients taking zidovudine in 1988 were surveyed. Patients received the drug an average of 236 days. About one-third (32 percent) required reduced dosage presumably because of hematologic toxicity and this was associated with length of time
Z Gesamte Hyg. 1989 Jun;35(6):309-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90021597
von Baehr R
The example of HIV infection and AIDS is used in order to demonstrate the influence of modern biotechnology as one of the main key technologies on the solution of this particular medical problem. AIDS has today the function of a model concerning the approach to a number of problems in medical research, particularly to
Sinzobahamvya N; Kalangu K; Hamel-Kalinowski W; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovacular Surgery, Parirenyatwa; Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe.
The authors report four arterial aneurysms seen in three patients infected by HIV. The aneurysms affected: 1) the left common carotid artery in a young man HIV carrier, 2) the right common carotid artery and the abdominal aorta in a woman with AIDS, 3) the right common carotid artery in a patient with AIDS-related com
De Falco FA; Vacca G; Natale S; Mastroroberto G; Bianchi L
Twenty HIV immunocompetent subjects without neurological symptoms were studied by EEG and spectral EEG analysis over a period of 6-16 months. 40% of them showed mild diffuse changes in background activity on basal evaluation, but the appearance of neurological symptoms and the evolution of clinical picture seemed unre
Reis J; Seidl A; School of Nursing, State University of New York, Buffalo.
The emergence of AIDS as an untreatable, lethal disease, responding to educational prevention strategies in high-risk populations, has brought the issues of sex education in the public schools to the forefront. However, administrators, teachers, and parents perceive different barriers to sex education implementation.
Am J Cardiol. 1989 Oct 15;64(14):909-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023270
Dressler FA; Roberts WC; Pathology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
One hundred sixty-eight opiate addicts, whose hearts were submitted for necropsy study, were examined with prime focus on modes of death and types of cardiac abnormalities. Twenty various modes of death were identified: active infective endocarditis or its consequences in 67 (40%), drug overdose in 39 (24%), coronary
Am J Community Psychol. 1989 Jun;17(3):269-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023374
Martin JL; Dean L; Garcia M; Hall W; Columbia University, School of Public Health, New York, New York; 10032.
This report describes progress made to date on a study of the impact of the AIDS epidemic on the gay community of New York City. Using a model of the life stress process described by Barbara Dohrenwend and her colleagues, the AIDS epidemic was conceptualized as a community stressor resulting in two key stress-inducing
Johnson JP; Nair P; Hines SE; Seiden SW; Alger L; Revie DR; O'Neil KM; Hebel R; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of; Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus is thought to occur in 25% to 50% of the offspring of infected women. Standard diagnostic methods do not permit identification of the infected newborns. To assess diagnostic methods and document the natural history of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus infecti
Vermund SH; Hein K; Gayle HD; Cary JM; Thomas PA; Drucker E; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein; College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
Adolescents engaging in certain sexual or drug-related behavior are at risk of contracting the human immunodeficiency virus infection in endemic locales. Local and national surveillance data were analyzed to determine the characteristics of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic on adolescents. Of the
Am J Gastroenterol. 1989 Oct;84(10):1288-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023438
Chlebowski RT; Grosvenor MB; Bernhard NH; Morales LS; Bulcavage LM; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance.
The clinical course of 71 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was evaluated to determine relationships among nutritional status, gastrointestinal symptoms and survival. At baseline, weight loss was present in 98%, hypoalbuminemia (less than 3.5 g/dl) was present in 83%, and gastrointestinal sympto
Am J Med. 1989 Oct;87(4):389-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023523
Carbone L; D'Agati V; Cheng JT; Appel GB; Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians; and Surgeons, New York, New York.
PURPOSE: Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been described to have an unusual form of renal disease known as HIV-associated nephropathy. This condition is characterized by severe proteinuria, rapid progression to renal insufficiency, and a morphologic pattern of focal segmental glomerul
Am J Med. 1989 Oct;87(4):396-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023524
Wheat LJ; Connolly-Stringfield P; Kohler RB; Frame PT; Gupta MR; Indiana University Medical Center, Wishard Memorial Hospital,; Indianapolis.
PURPOSE: Disseminated histoplasmosis is a serious and often rapidly progressive, opportunistic infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), supporting the importance of rapid diagnostic tests. We investigated Histoplasma capsulatum polysaccharide antigen (HPA) detection, a promising new method
Am J Med. 1989 Oct;87(4):401-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023525
Efferen LS; Nadarajah D; Palat DS; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
PURPOSE: Pulmonary infection is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the predominant infection in these patients. In those patients who experience progression to respiratory failure from PCP, the reported mor
Am J Med Sci. 1989 Sep;298(3):185-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023573
Haskell L; Fusco MJ; Ares L; Sublay B; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert; Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Toxoplasma gondii is a common pathogen in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The most common modes of presentation are related to the central nervous system (CNS), usually with headache, fever, and focal neurological signs. Extra-neural manifestations are unusual in patients with AIDS. The autho
Rotmensch S; Rosenzweig BA; Phillippe M; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Michael Reese Hospital,; University of Chicago.
Few other specialists in medicine are as exposed to body fluids as obstetricians. Anxiety among these health care providers is therefore considerable. Guidelines for universal infection precautions are aimed at minimizing the risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission by the creation of adequate physical barrie
LeBoit PE; Berger TG; Egbert BM; Beckstead JH; Yen TS; Stoler MH; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0506.
Cutaneous vascular proliferations that clinically or pathologically resemble Kaposi s sarcoma, pyogenic granuloma, or histiocytoid (epithelioid) hemangioma may occur in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. These lesions, which respond well to antibiotic therapy, harbor bacilli similar to the agent of
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1989 Sep;41(3):364-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024046
Lo SC; Dawson MS; Newton PB 3d; Sonoda MA; Shih JW; Engler WF; Wang RY; Wear DJ; American Registry of Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, DC.
We studied 6 patients from 6 different geographic areas who presented with acute flu-like illnesses. The patients developed persistent fevers, lymphadenopathy or diarrhea, pneumonia, and/or heart, liver, or adrenal failure. They died in 1-7 weeks. These patients had no serological evidence of HIV infection and could n
Am J Dermatopathol. 1989 Oct;11(5):451-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024195
Longacre TA; Foucar K; Koster F; Burgdorf W; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
A variety of neoplastic disorders have been described in patients with AIDS. Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common neoplasm and is recognized as one of the diagnostic criteria for AIDS. Unusual mucocutaneous carcinomas have also been reported in these patients, as have a variety of lymphoid neoplasms, including Hodgkin
An Esp Pediatr. 1989 Jun;30(6):429-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024649
Echeverria Lecuona J; Oliveros Vela M; Cilla Eguiluz G; Cuadrado del Barrio E; Albisu Andrade Y; Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Nuestra; Senora de Aranzazu, San Sebastian.
Perinatal transmission of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from mother to child is at the present time the most important cause of AIDS in children. Since August 1985 we have observed 24 babies with anti-HIV antibodies born to HIV-infected mothers. Their present status is: 6 have symptomatic infection, 6 undetermine
Ann Intern Med. 1989 Oct 15;111(8):655-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024695
McKinsey DS; Gupta MR; Riddler SA; Driks MR; Smith DL; Kurtin PJ; Research Medical Center, Trinity Lutheran Hospital, University of; Missouri-Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and toxicity of long-term maintenance amphotericin B therapy in preventing relapses after treatment in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and disseminated histoplasmosis. DESIGN: Open, nonrandomized pilot study. SETTING: Three private, university-affilia
Ann Ophthalmol. 1989 Aug;21(8):294-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024796
Sherman MD; Allinson RW; Obbens EA; Darragh JM; Simons KB; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arizona College of; Medicine, Tucson 85724.
We describe the case of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who had internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) and subsequent rapid neurologic deterioration. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with AIDS and INO.
Ann Neurol. 1989 Sep;26(3):331-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024928
Yoshida M; Osame M; Kawai H; Toita M; Kuwasaki N; Nishida Y; Hiraki Y; Takahashi K; Nomura K; Sonoda S; et al; Department of Viral Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
To estimate the replication of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), or tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), HTLV-I DNA integrated into lymphocyte genomes was analyzed by Southern blot hybridization. HTLV-I DNA was detected in 125 (82%) of 153 patients and
Ann Neurol. 1989 Sep;26(3):398-401. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024940
Minato S; Itoyama Y; Fujii N; Kira J; Goto I; Yamamoto N; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University,; Fukuoka, Japan.
We examined the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy to elucidate the known increase in spontaneous proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Proliferative responses in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction test were significantly increased (34,20
Tabba HD; Chang RS; Smith KM; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis 95616.
Prunellin, an anti-HIV active compound, was isolated from aqueous extracts of the Chinese medicinal herb, Prunella vulgaris, and purified to chromatographic homogeneity. Infrared and NMR spectroscopy identified prunellin as a polysaccharide. Elemental analyses, precipitation with calcium(II), barium(II), or 9-aminoacr
Dianzani F; Capobianchi MR; Antonelli G; Amicucci P; De Marco F; Institute of Virology, University of Rome, Italy.
Under single growth cycle conditions in C8166 lymphoblastoid cells human immunodeficiency virus shows a replication curve which is completed at 24 h post-infection. At lower multiplicity of infection virus yield peaks at approximately 72 h post-infection but in both cases the titer of the virus released in the medium
Schulte C; Meurer M; Dermatologische Klinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munich,; Federal Republic of Germany.
Serum levels of soluble Il-2 receptors (sIl-2R) were measured in 88 patients with HIV infection, 28 patients from high-risk groups, and 28 normal donors. Elevated sIl-2R levels were found in 46% of asymptomatic seropositive patients, in 68% of patients with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, and in 81% of patient
Schafer A; Schwartlander B; Friedmann W; Universitatsfrauenklinik Berlin Charlottenburg.
The data available for the epidemiology of AIDS and HIV infection among women in the Federal Republic of Germany describe the distribution of risk groups to urban areas. The highest rates of seroprevalence are found in cities like Berlin, Munich and Frankfurt. These data do not su
Grosch-Worner I; Koch S; Vocks M; Schafer A; Mielke M; Wahn U; Zorr B; Maas U; Universitatsklinikum Rudolf Virchow, Standort Charlottenburg,; Kinderklinik, Berlin.
Both resolved and still open questions are discussed. The natural course of HIV infection from the time at which a child becomes symptomatic is known. The incidence rate of HI-virus transmission to the child remains uncertain. Likewise the time of transmission and its cofactors as well as data about the incubation and
Case studies and epidemic surveys clearly show that HIV can be transmitted from males to females, from females to children in utero, and from females to males, as well as from males to males. Studies of heterosexual transmission prove that the extent of transmission varies: female partners of HIV-infected men have the
Modilevsky T; Sattler FR; Barnes PF; Department of Medicine, Los Angeles County-University of Southern; California Medical Center.
We compared the clinical features of disease due to tuberculosis and to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in 94 patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Tuberculosis preceded the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in 26 (67%) of 39 cases, compared with none of 55 with MAC infection. Chest roe
Oksenhendler E; Lida H; D'Agay MF; Morinet F; Pulik M; Davi F; Clauvel JP; Department of Hematology, St Louis Hospital, Paris, France.
Two patients presented with a large tumoral nasopharyngeal lesion with obstructive symptoms, which suggested a malignant tumor. They were black men of Caribbean origin who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1. In both cases, histologic examination revealed intense but benign lymphoid follicular hyperplasi
Jannotta FS; Sidawy MK; Department of Pathology, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, DC.
In patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, mycobacterial lymphadenitis is characterized by the presence of numerous acid-fast bacilli within histiocytes. In Diff-Quik-stained cytologic preparations of such lymph nodes, performed during intraoperative consultations, the presence of mycobacteria is manifes
N Engl J Med. 1989 Nov 2;321(18):1246-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90015030
Deyton LR; Walker RE; Kovacs JA; Herpin B; Parker M; Masur H; Fauci AS; Lane HC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Nairn RS; McIntyre BW; Richie ER; Allison JP; Department of Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M. D. Anderson; Cancer Center, Smithville.
A role for specific recombination events at the env region of endogenous murine leukemia virus (MuLV) sequences in radiation carcinogenesis in C57BL mice has been suggested by a number of studies. We characterized env-related cell surface antigens from a primary, x-ray--induced, and several transplanted C57BL/6 thymom
Between 40-94% of patients with florid AIDS develop ocular complications indeed, these may be the presenting feature of the disease. They fall into four categories: primary retinal microvascular disease; opportunistic infections of the eye and adnexa; neoplasms of the eye and adnexa; and neurophthalmic abnormalities.
This article on the differential diagnosis of cervical masses is a review of the main causes of the masses that an extra-oral exam can detect. Some of these masses are of particular interest to the dentist; they are notably cellulitis of dental origin, salivary pathologies and cervical adenopathies. There is no need t
Cell. 1989 Oct 6;59(1):103-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90003220
Gheysen D; Jacobs E; de Foresta F; Thiriart C; Francotte M; Thines D; De Wilde M; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SmithKline; Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium.
The unprocessed Gag precursor from HIV-1, when expressed in recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells, is targeted to the plasma membrane and assembles in 100-120 nm particles budding from the cell surface. This process mimics HIV immature particle formation and is dependent on myristoylation of the N-terminal gly
Cell. 1989 Oct 6;59(1):113-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90003221
Trono D; Feinberg MB; Baltimore D; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge,; Massachusetts 02142.
The products of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gag gene exist in a highly multimerized state in the mature virion. For that reason, they may represent a particularly suitable target for the generation of dominant negative mutants. A number of HIV site-directed Gag mutants did show interference with the product
The author describes the basic module of simulation models of the spread of AIDS created according to the principles of the general method of multicompartmental models. In the model are distinguished susceptible persons infected persons who do not yet transmit the infection, infected and infecting persons those with c
Burke DS; Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC.
The technical issues relevant to the laboratory diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are dealt with. Performance characteristics of the various HIV diagnostic assays are presented.
Horsburgh CR Jr; AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
Persons infected with HIV show changes in all aspects of immunity. Cellular immunity is affected most markedly, with decreased numbers of CD4+ (helper) and CD8+ (suppressor) T cells. Cellular immune function in vitro is frequently abnormal, as assessed by ability of T cells to proliferate in response to antigens or mi
Ronald AR; Plummer FA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada.
Haemophilus ducreyi is a fastidious pathogen that can be routinely cultured with the appropriate media and incubation environment. Prostituted women appear to be the usual reservoir. In Africa, chancroid is emerging as the major risk factor for acquisition of HIV-1 following heterosexual intercourse. Despite the emerg
Friedman Y; Franklin C; Rackow EC; Weil MH; Department of Medicine, Cook County Hospital, Chicago.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) causing acute respiratory failure (ARF) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been reported in several studies to have a mortality of 84 to 100 percent. A recent report found a 42 percent survival rate. We followed 58 patients with AIDS who required positiv
Chenciner N; Michel F; Dadaglio G; Langlade-Demoyen P; Hoffenbach A; Leroux A; Garcia-Pons F; Rautmann G; Guy B; Guillon JM; et al; Laboratoire de Biologie et Immunologie Moleculaires des; Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) induces a strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in humans following infection. HIV-specific CTL can be detected directly in the blood and lungs of infected patients, and can be expanded in vitro by stimulation with autologous HIV-infected lymphoblasts. Furthermore
The recent findings of the research on the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are reviewed. They provide information about the epidemiological, genetical and morphological features of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HIV-like viruses, in particular, HTLB-1. Special attention was paid to the pharmacol
By means of the replication cycle of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) some starting points for antiviral chemicals are outlined. Only azidothymidine is approved yet for treatment of AIDS patients. It restrains virus multiplication, improves the general immunologic situation, and in case of HIV encephalopathy it lead
Fortschr Med. 1989 Aug 20;107(24):512-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90007255
Raab W
HIV infection is primarily transmitted via white cells of the blood or sperm. The greatest risk of infection for the passive partner is anal intercourse with ejaculation. The only protection against this way of infection is the use of a special condom by the active partner. Heterosexual coitus carries only a less impo
Cutaneous symptoms and skin diseases are common findings in almost all HIV-1-positive patients. In many cases the clinical presentation and course of the skin diseases are atypical, and occasionally the development of the appropriate circulating antibodies is lacking or impaired. In this report we present a patient se
Scieux C; Barnes R; Bianchi A; Casin I; Morel P; Perol Y; Service de Bacteriologie-Virlogie, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris,; France.
Twenty-seven men with laboratory-confirmed lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) were identified among 211 patients tested for LGV or chancroid during a 6-y period. The patients with LGV ranged in age from 17 to 73 y; most were from countries other than France . Twenty-five sought care bec
Weber J; Clapham P; McKeating J; Stratton M; Robey E; Weiss R; Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories,; London, U.K.
Cell lines originally derived from malignant tumours of the brain were infected by diverse human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) isolates. By surface immunofluorescence it was shown that susceptible cells did not bear the CD4 antigen. They were also non-permissive for the formation of plaques by
Kazazi F; Mathijs JM; Foley P; Cunningham AL; Virology, Unit Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.
The expression of CD4 antigen on the surface of LeuM3-positive human blood monocytes was found to be variable with 65 to 90% of cells from 46 normal human volunteers being positive by dual staining flow cytometry. When monocytes adhered to plastic (but not when cultured on Teflon), a marked decrease in CD4 expression
Watabe K; Saida T; Kim SU; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia,; Vancouver, Canada.
Although human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) has been implicated in the etiology of tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM), the direct infectivity of the virus against constituent cells in the central nervous system remains undetermined. To investigate the neurotropism of HTLV
Dokhelar MC; Pickford H; Sodroski J; Haseltine WA; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115.
The experiments reported here show that the p27 product of the rex gene that is encoded by the 3 end of the human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is required for expression of the virion capsid and envelope proteins. The regulation of virion protein expression occurs via posttranscriptional regulation of viral
Habeshaw JA; Dalgleish AG; Clinical Research Centre, Division of Immunological Medicine,; Harrow, Middlesex, Great Britain.
The survey of the characteristics of HIV infection implicates the binding of HIV env to the CD4 receptor as the principal cause of the resulting immunodeficiency. There is evidence that such binding selectively impairs self-recognition. The resulting immunodeficiency syndrome has the characteristics of graft vs. host
Sasse H; Salmaso S; Conti S; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Istituto Superiore; di Sanita Rome, Italy.
In June 1987, a cross-sectional study was carried out on drug users attending public centers for drug dependency in Italy . Observed proportions of HIV seropositives among the 1,363 subjects from 34 public centers in 11 regions included in the study varied widely, with an overall ser
Freed EO; Myers DJ; Risser R; McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin,; Madison 53706.
The envelope glycoproteins of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 are synthesized as a precursor molecule, gp160, which is cleaved to generate the two mature envelope glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41. The cleavage reaction, which is mediated by a host protease, occurs at a sequence highly conserved in retrovira
Arrigo SJ; Weitsman S; Rosenblatt JD; Chen IS; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine 90024-1678.
Most detailed analyses of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) rev gene product have relied on transfection of subgenomic env constructs into cells in which amplification of the transfected DNA occurs. This was necessitated by difficulties in quantitating low-abundance HIV-1 mRNA species and in distinguishi
Chen YM; Lee TH; Samuel KP; Okayama A; Tachibana N; Miyoshi I; Papas TS; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
The primary protein product of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) env gene, gp61, is cleaved to produce both the exterior (gp46) and the transmembrane (gp21) portions of the HTLV-1 envelope protein. To compare the reactivity with human antibodies of different regions of this gp61 protein, five plasmids (A
JAMA. 1989 Nov 3;262(17):2405-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90012520
Fischl MA; Richman DD; Causey DM; Grieco MH; Bryson Y; Mildvan D; Laskin OL; Groopman JE; Volberding PA; Schooley RT; et al; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33101.
We examined the long-term safety and efficacy of zidovudine therapy in 229 subjects with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex who previously participated in a placebo-controlled study of zidovudine. One hundred two placebo recipients (delayed treatment group) and 127 zidovudine recipients
HIV infection has become an important risk for medical personal. Use of sufficient preventive measures with all patients and patient materials is time consuming, expensive and impracticable. In the present epidemiological situation anti-HIV testing of all hospital patients will give correct information on the presence
Med Hypotheses. 1989 Sep;30(1):65-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90014445
Wigginton JM; University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48104.
Elevated serum ferritin levels have been observed in several disease states including various malignancies, inflammatory states, and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This discussion will examine the normal sequence of events in T cell activation and proliferation, as well as the various defects in these
Nature. 1989 Oct 5;341(6241):453-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90015145
Rimsky L; Dodon MD; Dixon EP; Greene WC; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke; University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The rex gene of the type I human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV-I) encodes a phosphorylated nuclear protein of relative molecular mass 27,000 which is required for viral replication. The Rex protein acts by promoting the cytoplasmic expression of the incompletely spliced viral messenger RNAs that encode the virion struc
Favrot MC; Philip T; Coze C; Lenoir G; Unite fonctionelle de greffe medullaire, centre Leon-Berard,; Lyon, France.
The analysis of cancers associated with immunodeficiencies (either congenital, iatrogenic or acquired) enabled us to define the possible role of these deficiencies in the sequence of events leading to cancer and in particular the emergence of hematopoietic proliferations. Immunodeficiency increases the risk of viral i
Krusinski PA; Saurat JH; Division of Dermatology, University of Vermont College of; Medicine, Burlington.
Transplacentally transferred dermatoses (TTDs) are cutaneous diseases that are transmitted from mother to fetus through the placental circulation. The uniqueness of the maternal-placental-fetal interaction provides many helpful opportunities to enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis and course of these diseases
Becherer P; Wilson SE; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina; School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599.
A person who fears that he or she may be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) is likely to seek help from a primary care physician, so preparation is vital. The authors discuss how to differentiate HIV-1 infection from disorders that may have a similar presentation, the importance of referring the pa
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(19):7601-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017526
Kajigaya S; Shimada T; Fujita S; Young NS; Cell Biology Section, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
B19 parvovirus is pathogenic in humans, causing the common childhood exanthem fifth disease and bone-marrow failure, both acute (transient aplastic crisis of hemolysis) and chronic (pure erythrocyte aplasia in immunodeficiency). The virus is tropic for a human red cell progenitor cell, and failure to culture B19 in a
Prim Care. 1989 Sep;16(3):603-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017910
Pariser H; Division of Dermatology, Eastern Virginia Medical School,; Norfolk.
The incidence of syphilis is higher than it has been in over 30 years with over 35,000 new cases reported in 1987. Despite this, the teaching of this disease has largely been ignored in medical schools, resulting in a very low index of suspicion by the medical profession. This article has reviewed the salient clinical
Prim Care. 1989 Sep;16(3):621-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017911
Cockerell CJ; Friedman-Kien AE; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
The skin is quite commonly involved in patients with HIV infection and the resulting diseases may serve as presenting signs of AIDS or ARC. The most common infectious and non-infectious inflammatory disorders as well as common neoplasms that are seen in this patient population are reviewed and depicted in detail.
The purpose of this paper is to identify a broad range of issues that both impact, and are impacted by, psychiatric intervention in AIDS and AIDS-related cases, with a special concern towards emphasizing the need for application of a psychodynamic perspective, in the understanding and treatment of pathological respons
Kuhlman JE; Fishman EK; Hruban RH; Knowles M; Zerhouni EA; Siegelman SS; Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological; Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
The advantages of computed tomography for the evaluation of various chest lesions commonly encountered in patients with AIDS are discussed. The significance of limited and extensive lymphadenopathy is considered and examples are presented. Also specifically illustrated are cases of opportunistic pneumocystis,
Bedrossian CW; Mason MR; Gupta PK; Department of Pathology, St Louis University School of Medicine.
There has been a dramatic increase in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) among patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and immunosuppression. Cytologic specimens including random and induced sputum samples, bronchoscopic washings, bronchoalveolar lavage, and fine needle and open lung biopsies can al
Saldana MJ; Mones JM; Department of Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33101.
In the 1980s, under the impact of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia (PCP) has become the prime infectious manifestation of this condition. In addition to the well-recognized classic features of this disease, several unusual manifestations are being recognized with increasing frequ
Gal AA; Koss MN; Strigle S; Angritt P; Department of Pulmonary and Mediastinal Pathology, Armed Forces; Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic has focused attention on Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Of special significance are the following key issues. (1) PCP in the AIDS patient can be clinically different than in the non-AIDS patient. (2) The morphologic expressions of PCP in both AIDS and non-
Saldana MJ; Mones JM; Martinez GR; Department of Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33101.
Post-mortem examinations were conducted in 28 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and biopsy-proven Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who had been treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, intravenous infusion [Roche]) and/or pentamidine isethionate. According to the evolution of
Since 1985 organ donors are routinely tested for the presence of HIV-antibodies, but prior to that time several patients acquired HIV-infection from grafts. In May 1984 a 65-year-old woman on hemodialysis received a cadaver kidney graft from a young iv drug addict. The transplant functioned perfectly with cyclosporin
von Bormann B; Abteilung Anasthesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin,; Klinikum der Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen.
A major risc of blood transfusion is transmission of infectious diseases. The pattern of these diseases varies in different parts of the world. The fact, that diseases such as hepatitis or AIDS cannot completely be avoided has led to an increasing interest in autologous blood transfusion systems. In the Department of
Marennikova SS; Matsevich GR; Shelukhina EM; Pokrovskii VV; Okunev IA
One of the variants of IFA using a conjugate on the basis of anti-HIV-IgG was used for control of the content of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen at different stages of production of a test system for serodiagnosis of AIDS. This method permits HIV antigen quantitation in virus lysates, its nonpurified concen
Z Erkr Atmungsorgane. 1989;173(1):6-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90021588
Styblo K; International Tuberculosis Surveillance Center, The Hague,; Netherlands.
This paper reviews the global epidemiological situation to tuberculosis, with an emphasis on the disappointing tuberculosis control achievements in developing countries over the last three decades. It is concluded tht in low prevalence developed countries it will take at least 35-40 years to eliminate tuberculosis bec
Am Fam Physician. 1989 Oct;40(4):123-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023120
Recommendation: Screening for infection with human immunodeficiency virus should be offered periodically to persons seeking treatment for sexually transmitted diseases, intravenous drug users, homosexual and bisexual men, and other at increased risk of infection. Testing should also be offered to pregnant women (or wo
Pappo AS; Buchanan GR; Johnson A; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9063.
Four of the 139 children with hemophilia followed up at our center have developed septic arthritis during the past 6 years (2.9% incidence). Two infections were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and one each by Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae type B. Common features at time of presentation included f
Am J Pathol. 1989 Oct;135(4):697-702. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023768
Shibata D; Brynes RK; Nathwani B; Kwok S; Sninsky J; Arnheim N; Department of Pathology, Los Angeles County, University of; Southern California Medical Center 90033.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA was detected in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph node biopsies after in vitro DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-three of 25 biopsies from HIV seropositive individuals were positive for HIV DNA including 11 with follicular hyperplasia, six with foll
Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 1989 May-Jun;147(3):285-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024745
Bourgeois M; Verdoux H; Peyre F; Benezech M; I.P.S.O., Centre Carreire, Bordeaux.
Neurotropism of H.I.V. has recently been recognized. More than one third of Aids patients have neurological complications (infections, tumors, multifocal progressive leuko-encephalopathy...) attributed to immunological failure. Necropsy reveals more frequent neuropathology (75%). AIDS Dementia Complex (A.D.C.) has bee
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1989;567:349-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024779
Rapp F; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State; University, College of Medicine, Hershey 17033.
The origins of retrovirology began in the primordial laboratories of Ellermann and Bang and of Rous in the first decade of the twentieth century. More than 40 frustrating years were to elapse before this early work with chickens was to lead to experiments with mice, made possible by the use of inbred strains and catal
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1989;567:82-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024784
Gallo RC; Nerurkar LS; Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Human retroviruses (HTLVs and HIVs) infect the cells of the immune system and cause mild-to-severe immune dysfunction. They are directly or indirectly responsible for associated neoplasia and central nervous system disorders. The study of these viruses is of great importance, not only because they cause grave illnesse
Glassman AB; National Reference Laboratory, Nashville, TN 37214.
Thrombocytopenia (TC) is noted in three to nine percent of patients who are seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Causes of this may be immune, infectious, platelet destruction, or underproduction. Thrombocytopenia associated with HIV will be seen with increasing frequency. Corticosteroids and splenecto
Granich GG; Eveland MR; Krogstad DJ; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis, Missouri.
We report a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) for zidovudine (azidothymidine; Retrovir). This assay is accurate and specific over the clinically relevant range of zidovudine concentrations in serum (from 1 to 1,250 ng/ml; from 0.004 to 4.8 microM) and is unaffected by potentially interfering compounds in th
Boyd AS; Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences; Center, School of Medicine, Lubbock 79430.
Ulcerative genital disease in the United States is commonly due to herpes simplex or syphilis. Until recently, chancroid, an infection caused by the gram-negative streptobacillus Haemophilus ducreyi, was infrequently diagnosed. Continuing immigration, however, has reintroduced the dise
Dudenhausen JW; Klinik und Poliklinik fur Geburtshilfe, Universitatsspital; Zurich.
When counselling an HIV-seropositive pregnant woman, one must consider both the fate of the mother in relation to pregnancy-induced effects on the HIV infection and the development rate of the transplacental infection to the child. The difficulties in correctly diagnosing HIV infection in the newborn are discussed; it
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Oct 16;164(1):30-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90026393
Louis JM; Smith CA; Wondrak EM; Mora PT; Oroszlan S; Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis, National Cancer; Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The 297bp gene coding for the HIV-1 protease was chemically synthesized and expressed in E. coli. Single amino acid substitutions (Arg 87 - greater than Lys; Arg 87 - greater than Glu) were introduced in the C-terminally located conserved region GlyArgAsn of the protease gene in the wild-type clone. The products of th
Greenberg RE; Mir R; Bank S; Siegal FP; Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New; Hyde Park, New York.
Intestinal cryptosporidiosis commonly results in severe protracted diarrhea that contributes significantly toward morbidity and mortality in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. No satisfactory therapy for cryptosporidiosis currently exists. We describe a patient with severe secretory diarrhea and malabso
Hartgers C; Buning EC; van Santen GW; Verster AD; Coutinho RA; Department of Public Health and Environment, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
We interviewed a group of 145 injecting drug users (IDUs) in Amsterdam about their drug use, participation in a needle-exchange programme and needle sharing. Approximately 1 year later 60 IDUs were followed up. IDUs who exchange regularly ( exchangers ) are older, inject longer and are more often in contact with metha
Schupbach J; Wunderli W; Kind C; Kernen R; Baumgartner A; Tomasik Z; Swiss National Center for Retroviruses, University of Zurich.
Cord-blood sera of 36 babies born to HIV-positive mothers in Switzerland were tested for immunoglobulin (Ig) M or IgA by HIV Western blot. IgM was found in 28, and IgA in 19 of unabsorbed sera. Preabsorption with immobilized protein A or G was used to remove IgG, which allowed
Evengard B; Ehrnst A; von Sydow M; Pehrson PO; Lundbergh P; Linder E; Department of Parasitology, Karolinska Institute, Roslagstull; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
The diagnostic potential of the standardized filter paper technique at an outpatient clinic was further evaluated for individuals infected with HIV; the inactivation of HIV in dried blood from filter paper was also investigated. Heat treatment at 56 degrees C or 70 degrees C for 1 h did not demonstrably affect antibod
Schmidt KW; Krasnik A; Zoffmann H; Brendstrup E; Kvinesdal B; Department of Epidemiology, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
In order to describe prevalence and trends of HIV infection, demographic variables, risk factors, and reasons for seeking testing, and self-administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed to approximately 75% of all individuals tested for antibodies to HIV on a voluntary basis, in all parts of the Danish health-c
Levy EM; Wu JM; Cohn SE; Liebman H; Black PH; Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine,; Massachusetts.
Treatment of AIDS patients with zidovudine is associated with an increase in lymphocyte counts. The mechanism for this increase is unclear and somewhat surprising in view of the myelosuppressive effect of zidovudine. To investigate this further, we measured lymphocyte numbers, T-cell subsets, and the ability of periph
Schramm W; Roggendorf M; Rommel F; Kammerer R; Pohlmann H; Rasshofer R; Gurtler L; Deinhardt F; Department of Haemostaseology, University Clinic Innenstadt,; University of Munich, Munchen, Federal Republic of Germany.
The prevalence of 1) hepatitis C virus (HCV), an agent likely to be responsible for parenterally transmitted hepatitis non-A, non-B, 2) hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 3) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was studied in 211 patients with clotting disorders (78% of the patients had residual factor activities of
Cell Immunol. 1989 Oct 15;123(2):316-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90003247
Martinez-Maza O; Mitsuyasu RT; Miles SA; Giorgi JV; Heitjan DF; Sherwin SA; Fahey JL; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of; Medicine 90024.
Twelve patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Kaposi s sarcoma were treated with recombinant human gamma-interferon (rIFN-gamma). A rapid, substantial increase in the fraction of HLA-DQ-positive monocytes was noted after treatment with rIFN-gamma. The rIFN-gamma-induced increase in monocyte H
Peripheral cytopenia has been reported in a number of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but the mechanism of bone marrow (BM) failure is unclear. We have examined the BM morphology and cytokinetics of 16 untreated HIV-positive patients whose clinical condition ranged from asymptomatic (stage
Visani G; Re MC; Colombini R; Cenacchi A; Furlini G; Sermasi G; Tosi P; Rosti G; Russo D; Zuffa E; et al
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) can be transmitted by blood transfusions. A recent report focused on the relativey high risk of HIV-1 infection in American patients treated for leukemia and multiply transfused as a consequence of therapy. We therefore conducted a retrospective study on the presence of HIV-1 antib
Reichart PA; Schiodt M; Abteilung fur Zahnarztliche Chirurgie/Oralchiurgie, Freie; Universitat Berlin, W. Germany.
In 90% of cases of AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), the lesion is observed in the oral cavity. Oral KS usually reveals distinct clinical features characterized by a brown-bluish or otherwise pigmented appearance. The histological features are identical to classical KS. The occurrence of a non-pigmented oral KS i
Ficarra G; Gaglioti D; Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florence, Italy.
Three cases of facial molluscum contagiosum in HIV-infected patients are reported. Unusual locations, multiple lesions and rapid recurrence after surgical excision may be seen in people who are infected with HIV.
Rolston KV; Fainstein V; Bodey GP; Department of Medical Specialties, University of Texas M. D.; Anderson Cancer Center.
Twenty-two patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and severe debilitating diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium received eflornithine as therapy. Of 17 evaluable patients, 5 had complete resolution of diarrhea and negative follow-up stool examinations for Cryptosporidium. One patient responded but r
Tuberculous abscess of the pancreas is a rare complication of disseminated tuberculosis. The computed tomographic appearance of a tuberculous pancreatic abscess in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is described. One should consider this diagnosis whenever a patient with AIDS has diffuse abdomin
Patients with hemophilia A or von Willebrand s disease who are treated with concentrated preparations of human factor VIII made from unscreened pooled plasma are at substantial risk of contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether by treating such patien
Public Health Rep. 1989 Sep-Oct;104(5):411-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90018183
Marin G; Department of Psychology, University of San Francisco, CA; 94117-1080.
Data from different sources show that Hispanics are over-represented in reported cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (twice their proportion of the population) and that their rate of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is three times higher than among non-Hispanic whites. The behavior risk f
Public Health Rep. 1989 Sep-Oct;104(5):416-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90018184
Solomon DJ; Hogan AJ; Bouknight RR; Solomon CT; College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East; Lansing 48824.
To obtain better understanding of the nature and cost of health care related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, medical payment records were analyzed for 204 men, women, and children older than 60 months who had indications of HIV infection. The records were those of Michigan Medicaid, the General Assist
The introduction of factor VIII and IX concentrates in the early 1960s brought a significant change in the hemophiliac s life. In consequence hemophilia treatment has been improving rapidly since, and today most life-threatening hemorrhages are controlled by replacement therapy. Hemophilic arthropathy through recurren
Yonsei Med J. 1989;30(2):180-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90021513
Kim KY; Yang CH; Kang SH; Kim DS
To determine laboratory evidence suggesting immunological abnormalities in persons with hemophilia, we evaluated the immunological status of 75 Korean hemophiliacs, seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies, who have been treated only with Korean factor VIII concentrates. From this study, it was s
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Oct 16;164(1):339-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90026399
Hamamoto Y; Hayashida Y; Kobayashi S; Tamaoki T; Yamamoto N; Kobayashi N; Department of Virology and Parasitology, Yamaguchi University; School of Medicine, Japan.
The potent protein kinase C inhibitors staurosporine, H-7, and UCN-01 were investigated for their effects on 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)--mediated CD4 down-regulation and on the augmentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) expression. Staurosporine was the most effective TPA inhibitor for both of
Recent standards established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regarding protection against occupational exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presents a challenge to staff development and inservice educators to provide the necessary education and training
Gelmon K; Montaner JS; Fanning M; Smith JR; Falutz J; Tsoukas C; Gill J; Wells G; O'Shaughnessy M; Wainberg M; et al; St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,; Canada.
To characterize the nature, time course and dose dependency of zidovudine-related side effects, we undertook a multicenter, prospective, dose-range finding study. Our study group consisted of 74 HIV-positive homosexual men belonging to groups II B, III and IV C2 from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) classificatio
Kliewer S; Garcia J; Pearson L; Soultanakis E; Dasgupta A; Gaynor R; Department of Microbiology, UCLA School of Medicine.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 long terminal repeat (LTR) is the site of activation of the HIV tat protein. However, additional transactivators, such as the adenovirus E1A and herpesvirus ICPO proteins, have also been shown to be capable of activating the HIV LTR. Analysis of adenovirus mutants indicate
Prim Care. 1989 Sep;16(3):713-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017916
Bigby M; Stern RS; Arndt KA; Department of Dermatology, Charles A. Dana Research Institute,; Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Because the pathophysiology of many drug eruptions is unknown, the presumption that a drug eruption is due to immune mechanisms is often based on clinical features. The drug exanthem, urticaria, and contact dermatitis are the most common adverse cutaneous reactions to medications. Drug exanthems occur in 2 to 3 per ce
Broliden PA; Moschese V; Ljunggren K; Rosen J; Fundaro C; Plebani A; Jondal M; Rossi P; Wahren B; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
We analysed HIV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to gag and env peptides in infants born to HIV-positive mothers. Questions of interest were whether there are early specific markers for prognosis, and whether any specific IgG is related to the prevention of vertical transmission of infection. Fifty-three chil
Cancer. 1989 Nov 1;64(9):1859-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90002786
Chan WC; Link S; Srinivasan A; Bamford R; Waldmann TA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University; School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
A rapidly proliferating T-cell line, HCD8, was derived from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of an apparently healthy individual during the course of a T-cell cloning experiment. This T-cell line expressed a very unusual phenotype: CD1+, CD2-, CD3+ (cytoplasmic), CD4-, CD5+, CD7+, CD8-, interleukin-2 receptor (
Mahjoub SB; Ganley JP; Misra RP; Langford MP; Department of Ophthalmology, Lousiana State University Medical; Center-Shreveport 71130.
The virulence of a herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) isolated from the urine of a patient (SL) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and bilateral acute retinal necrosis (ARN), was investigated in mice. The ratio of plaque forming units (PFU) in fibroblasts to the 50% lethal dose (LD50) of HSV-2(SL) in mice
Miceli MV; Newsome DA; Novak LC; Beuerman RW; Department of Ophthalmology, LSU Eye Center, Louisiana State; University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans 70112.
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) was isolated from the globe of a donor positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis secondary to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In cultur
Abrams J; Farhood AI; Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia.
Several reports have recently appeared in the literature describing unique non-neoplastic vascular lesions in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These lesions may be mistaken clinically and histologically for Kaposi s sarcoma. The terms epithelioid angiomatosis, epithelioid or histiocytoid he
Hamelin-Bourassa D; Skamene E; Gervais F; McGill Centre for the Study of the Host Resistance, Montreal; General Hospital Research Institute, Quebec, Canada.
The development of a mouse acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) induced following LP-BM5 MuLV infection depends on host genetic factors. Susceptible mice, such as C57BL/6J mice, develop a profound impairment of lymphoproliferative response to mitogens and hyperplasia of lymphoid organs and succumb to infection w
Int J Cancer. 1989 Oct 15;44(4):753-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90007770
Wright KA; Olsen RG; Ohio State University, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology,; Columbus 43210.
This study was designed to determine whether retrovirus infection alters basal concentrations of intracellular free calcium, the magnitude of intracellular free calcium change upon receptor-mediated cell-stimulation, and cell membrane polarization. Two retrovirus-infected cell lines were utilized: HTLV-I-infected MT-2
Kurtzman GJ; Cohen BJ; Field AM; Oseas R; Blaese RM; Young NS; Cell Biology Section, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
B19 parvovirus has been shown to persist in some immunocompromised patients, and treatment with specific antibodies can lead to decreased quantities of circulating virus and hematologic improvement. A defective immune response to B19 parvovirus in these patients was shown by comparison of results using a capture RIA a
Fincham JE; Van der Riet F; Steytler JG; Tung MT; Cooper R; Seier JV; Madden DL; Kanki P; Campbell JA; Taljaard JJ; et al; Research Institute for Nutritional Diseases of the South African; Medical Research Council, Tygerberg.
Wild-caught African Vervet monkeys are commonly infected by Simian T-lymphotropic virus I (STLV1) and Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), yet the natural histories of these infections are largely unknown. Seropositivity was associated with increased total, T and atypical lymphocytes. In seropositive females there was
Pahwa S; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, N.Y 11030.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus results in a progressive immune deficiency involving many components of the immune system. The major target cells for infection are CD4 antigen-bearing cells, which include predominantly, but not exclusively, the helper T cell subset and the monocyte-macrophage cell syst
Fuller GN; Guiloff RJ; Scaravilli F; Harcourt-Webster JN; Department of Neurology, Westminster Hospital, Charing Cross and; Westminster Medical School, London, UK.
Two cases of combined HIV- CMV encephalitis are described. One presented with a sixth nerve palsy and a tetraparesis, the other with an internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Pathologically brain stem involvement was predominantly due to CMV.
Stine KC; Bolognesi D; Weinhold KJ; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina.
Currently available anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) agents such as azidothymidine can prevent de novo virus infection in vitro but lack significant activity against chronically infected cells. Our laboratory has recently described glycoprotein (gp)120-specific cell mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) present
Randall CE; College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City.
This exploratory study identified the attitudes of BSN educators in a midwestern state towards lesbians. A 50% (N100) return rate of mailed questionnaires elicited responses to 48 statements about lesbians and lesbianism on a modified Likert scale. The questionnaire included general demographic data and responses to s
Wahren B; Rosen J; Sandstrom E; Mathiesen T; Modrow S; Wigzell H; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
In a comprehensive search for T-cell epitopes of HIV-1, several new regions were discovered. The analysis was performed with lymphocytes of HIV-1-infected persons in various stages of the infection. Peptides covering the entire group antigen (gag), and transmembrane (gp41) regions, and one-half of envelope (gp120) reg
Ouattara SA; Gody M; de-The G; Pasteur Institute, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
Different Ivorian population groups were comparatively tested for antibodies to HTLV-1, HIV-1, and HIV-2. They included 1,334 healthy individuals, 176 unselected medical patients in regional hospitals, 149 female prostitutes, and 65 males with a sexually transmitted disease (STD) collected in 1987 from four regions (e
Wyatt CR; Wingett D; White JS; Buck CD; Knowles D; Reeves R; Magnuson NS; Department of Microbiology, Washington State University, Pullman; 99164-4340.
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection of rabbits provides a safe and relatively inexpensive in vivo mammalian system for the study of the mechanisms controlling expression of a unique group of lymphotropic retroviruses. This group of viruses, which includes C-type human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II and lentivir
Hensel CH; Petersen RB; Hackett PB; Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Minnesota,; St. Paul 55108-1095.
The 372-nucleotide leader sequence of Rous sarcoma virus RNA contains three conserved short open reading frames and other sequences responsible for a variety of life cycle functions. We have investigated several aspects of the leader RNA which may influence the translation of the major coding regions to which the lead
Borgstein BJ; Koster PA; Portegies P; Peeters FL; Department of Neuroradiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Neurological complications in patients with Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are frequent and in addition to central nervous system syndromes, involvement of the peripheral nervous system is increasingly seen. We evaluated the indications and results of myelographic examination in six AIDS-patients with sign
N Z Dent J. 1989 Oct;85(382):121-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90015846
McMillan MD; Boyd NM; MacFadyen EE; Ferguson MM
Oral hairy leukoplakia is generally found only in HIV-seropositive individuals or in those who are at risk of developing this infection; its occurrence is accepted to be a reliable predictor for the development of AIDS in those patients who are not already suffering from this disease. This report describes an 18-year-
Bernard E; Carles M; Toussaint-Gari M; Fournier JP; Dellamonica P; Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital de l'Archet, Nice.
20 patients (18 men, 2 women), 10 of whom were HIV +, were given Fluconazole (F) for either systemic candidiasis (13 cases), histoplasmosis (1), or cryptococcosis (6). The localization of the Candida infections (12 C. albicans, 1 C. tropicalis), were: septicemic (2), urinary (7), bronchial (2), esophageal (5), uveal (
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(19):7397-401. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017486
Frankel AD; Biancalana S; Hudson D; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge; Center, MA 02142.
To determine which of the 86 amino acids in the Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are important for transactivation, peptides from Tat were synthesized and their activity was measured in cells containing a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene under control of the HIV long terminal r
Robberecht P; De Neef P; Gourlet P; Cauvin A; Coy DH; Christophe J; Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Medical School, Free; University of Brussels, Belgium.
[Acetyl-His1]VIP stimulated adenylate cyclase with higher potency than VIP in membranes from human SUP-T1 lymphoblasts and was used as an efficient radioiodinated ligand with low non-specific binding to evaluate the relationship between receptor occupancy and adenylate cyclase activation and the possible interference
Rev Mal Respir. 1989;6(4):335-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90018804
Three treatment protocols using rifabutine for mycobacterial infections resistant to rifampicin were prepared by a study group (GETIM) and were accepted by the ethical committee concerned. A prospective study has been carried out since April 1986. Thirty-five cases of tuberculosis with bacilli resistant to rifampicin
Gastaut JL; Gastaut JA; Pellissier JF; Tapko JB; Weill O; Service de Neurologie, Hopital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille.
Neurologic disorders are common in patients infected with HIV1. Judging from reported cases, the central nervous system would be more frequently involved than the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The purpose of the present prospective study was to ascertain the incidence and the nature of PNS disorders in patients inf
Beauvais DA; Michelson JB; Seybold ME; Friedlaender MH; Boyden DG; Division of Ophthalmology, Scripps Clinic and Research; Foundation, La Jolla, California.
A 28-year-old man with a previous history of Neissena infection presented with diminished vision, disc swelling, and panuveitis. Serologic tests revealed positive titers for both HIV and syphilis. Current epidemiology and treatment of such cases are discussed.
Germenis A; Politis C; Hellenic Red Cross Thalassemia Unit, Athens, Greece.
The prevalence of total as well as IgM antibodies against cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) was determined by enzyme immunoassay in a group of 287 multitransfused thalassemia major patients aged 5-39 years and in another group of 1,220 h
Am J Med Sci. 1989 Oct;298(4):256-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023584
Charnock E; Newton N
A young male IV drug abuser with multiple AIDS risk factors and positive HIV serology presented with acute onset of painful urinary retention as a result of a parasympathetic mononeuropathy. Because no other explanation could be found for his illness, despite a careful search for the most likely etiologic agents, the
Ann Allergy. 1989 Oct;63(4):313-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90024443
Gonzalez del Rey J; Randolph C; Hoecker J; Department of Pediatrics, Waterbury Hospital, University of; Connecticut, Waterbury.
Fifty to ninety percent of pediatric AIDS cases are complicated by neurologic dysfunction. We present a case of a 5-year-old black female with AIDS encephalopathy and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare. Her initial presentation was that of neuroencephalopathy with loss of developmental milestones, pyramidal tract sign
Skinner MH; Hsieh M; Torseth J; Pauloin D; Bhatia G; Harkonen S; Merigan TC; Blaschke TF; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Stanford University Medical; Center, California 94305.
We investigated the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin in 15 male patients as part of a phase I trial of the treatment of early symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection. Six or more patients were studied at each of four different oral dosage levels: 300, 600, 900, and 1,200 mg/day. Twelve studies were also conduc
De Clercq E; Cools M; Balzarini J; Marquez VE; Borcherding DR; Borchardt RT; Drach JC; Kitaoka S; Konno T; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
The neplanocin A analogs, 3-deazaneplanocin A, 9-(trans-2 ,trans-3 -dihydroxycyclopent-4 -enyl)adenine (DHCA), and 9-(trans-2 ,trans-3 -dihydroxycyclopent-4 -enyl)-3-deazaadenine (DHCDA), all potent inhibitors of S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) hydrolase, were studied for their broad-spectrum antiviral potential. 3-De
Wilson SE; Robinson G; Williams RA; Stabile BE; Cone L; Sarfeh IJ; Miller DR; Passaro E Jr; Department of Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA; Medical Center, San Diego.
Thirty-six major abdominal operations were performed on 35 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients (33 men, two women). Twenty-two elective operations were indicated for diagnosis of abdominal or retroperitoneal mass (6), incomplete bowel obstruction (5), intra-abdominal infection (4), biliary symptoms (3)
Denning DW; Tucker RM; Hanson LH; Hamilton JR; Stevens DA; Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, Calif.
We studied the efficacy of itraconazole, a new oral triazole, in 33 patients (32 were immunocompromised) with cryptococcosis. Diagnoses included cryptococcal meningitis (24 patients), cryptococcemia (19 patients), cryptococcuria (4 patients), osteomyelitis (1 patient), pulmonary cryptococcosis (1 patient), and soft-ti
Clayton F; Klein EB; Kotler DP; Department of Pathology, St Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New; York, NY.
Endoscopic colonic biopsy specimens from 34 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and six patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (3 were human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive and 3 were human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative) were examined by in situ hybridization for evidence of
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Oct 16;164(1):446-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90026417
Magnani M; Bianchi M; Rossi L; Stocchi V; Instituto di Chimica Biologica, Universita degli Studi, Urbino,; Italy.
2 ,3 -Dideoxycytidine (ddCyd) is one of the most potent antiviral nucleosides for killing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ddCyd is currently used in the treatment of severe HIV infections but due to its rapid clearance it must be administered to patients every 4 h reaching concentrations that are toxic. We hav
Fox RI; Saito I; Chan EK; Josephs S; Salahuddin SZ; Ahlashi DV; Staal FW; Gallo R; Pei-Ping H; Le CS; Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Research Institute of; Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California 92037.
The recent isolation of a new member of the herpes virus family (Human Herpes Virus-6, HHV-6) from patients with lymphoproliferative diseases prompted us to examine biopsies from six patients with primary Sjogren s Syndrome (SS) who developed non-Hodgkin s lymphoma . Five SS patient
de Wolf F; Lange JM; Houweling JT; Mulder JW; Beemster J; Schellekens PT; Coutinho RA; van der Noordaa J; Goudsmit J; Department of Virology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
To study the natural history of HIV-1 infection in relation to serological and immunological profiles, 199 asymptomatic HIV-1-antibody (HIV-1-core-antibody)-seropositive and 76 seroconverted homosexual men were followed prospectively for 39 months. AIDS was diagnosed in 38 men. The AIDS attack rate was 20.8% after 39
Lefrere JJ; Lambin P; Courouce AM; Doinel C; Institut National de Transfusion Sangvine, Paris, France.
Sixty-eight asymptomatic HIV-seropositive people with a CD4 lymphocyte count above 400/mm3 at the first examination were followed up every year over a 3-year period, by monitoring the biological markers of AIDS (CD4 lymphocyte decrease, loss of anti-p24 or anti-p17 antibodies, positive p24 antigenemia, increase of ery
Haaheim LR; Gronning M; Nyland H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Haukeland Hospital,; University of Bergen, Norway.
By using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot and passive agglutination we have performed a pilot study involving the testing of 349 sera from the general population of 3 coastal regions in southern Norway , 230 sera from multiple sclerosis patients from western Norway, 1
Cas Lek Cesk. 1989 Mar 24;128(13):385-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90003092
de Clercq E
The author gives a survey of groups of substances which have a marked and selective effect on HI thus serving as potential chemotherapeutical means against AIDS. They can be divided into three groups: 1. anionic substances, 2. 2, 3-dideoxynucleoside analogues and 3. sulphate polysaccharides. The mechanism of the effec
Silvestris F; Edwards BS; Sadeghi OM; Frassanito MA; Williams RC Jr; Dammacco F; Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita di Bari, Italy.
Anti-lymphocyte (ALA) antibodies were investigated by using both microcytotoxicity and immunofluorescence analyses in 87 subjects with different clinical features of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A similar mean percentage of killing in microcytotoxicity assays using heterologous lymphocytes as cellular
Bodsworth N; Donovan B; Nightingale BN; Department of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW Australia.
To determine the influence of concurrent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 150 male homosexual chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers were studied. Of these, 82 subjects (55%) tested positive for antibodies to HIV. They were more likely to express
Collman R; Hassan NF; Walker R; Godfrey B; Cutilli J; Hastings JC; Friedman H; Douglas SD; Nathanson N; Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical; Center, Philadelphia 19104.
To characterize the host range of different strains of HIV-1, we have used four types of cells, primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), primary PBL, a promonocyte cell line (U937), and a CD4+ T cell line (SUP-T1). These cells were infected with three prototype strains of HIV-1, a putative lymphocyte-tropic strain
Harrer T; Messing K; Bienzle U; Meyer E; Giedl J; Kalden JR; Medizinische Universitatsklinik III der Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg.
26 homosexual men with HIV-infection and lymphadenopathy syndrome were examined between 1982 and 1984 and prospectively observed over a period of 58 months (median, range 53-69 months). 16 (61.5%) developed full blown AIDS within a median period of 41 months (23-63 months). 12 of them died 50 months (median, range 29-
Lancet. 1989 Oct 21;2(8669):937-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90013734
Fuller GN; Jacobs JM; Guiloff RJ; Department of Neurology, Charing Cross and Westiminster Medical; School, London.
12 AIDS patients with a clinically, electrophysiologically, and pathologically homogeneous painful peripheral neuropathy had a significantly higher rate of any or active clinical cytomegalovirus (
Med Klin. 1989 Aug 15;84(8):369-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90014530
Pees HW; Hofmann H; Stute R
The Center for Disease Control proposed a classification system of HIV-infection including a symptomatic stage IV C-2 with secondary infections like thrush , oral hairy leukoplakia and herpes zoster. Because the prognostic value of these symptoms for the development of AIDS has
Mo Med. 1989 Oct;86(10):685-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90014642
Powderly WG
For the primary care physician, treatment of HIV-infected patients often centers on the stage of illness at which the patient first seeks care. Disease staging, which uses symptoms in its classification scheme, thus leads to evaluation and selection of appropriate therapy. This is the second article in a series from t
Berlie HC; Berlioux J; Daguet GL; Service de Bacteriologie-Virologie et Comite SIDA,; Saint-Antoine, Hopital Saint-Antoine, Paris.
VIH 1 antigenaemia has a significant value in the follow-up of patients treated with AZT . This study of 90 patients (55 ARC - 35 AIDS), each receiving AZT for more than a year, 200 mg every 4 hours, demonstrates the prognosis value of antigenaemia at
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):113-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017854
Isham V; Department of Statistical Science, University College London,; U.K.
The aim of the method of back projection is to provide estimates of the number of new infections with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a function of time, by using the numbers of diagnoses of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) together with information on the distribution of the incubation perio
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):123-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017855
Day NE; Gore SM; McGee MA; South M; MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, U.K.
Back projection methods are used to predict the yearly number of new AIDS diagnoses and the number of new HIV infections, to the end of 1992. The AIDS, but not the HIV, predictions are insensitive to the choice of incubation period distribution. A wide range of predictions is consistent with the AIDS diagnoses in year
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):135-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017856
Cox DR; Medley GF; Nuffield College, Oxford, U.K.
Analysis and prediction of a point process are studied when there is delay in notifying the occurrence of events. A primarily parametric approach is taken to studying the rate of the underlying process and to predicting future properties of the system. Data on AIDS are used in illustration.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):147-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017857
Reeves GK; Department of Mathematics, Imperial College of Science and; Technology, London, U.K.
Data on the survival times of 997 U.K. AIDS patients are analysed with the aim of deriving a simple form for the overall survival distribution. The exponential and Weibull distributions are modified to accommodate specific features of the data, in particular, the recording of survival times to the nearest month and th
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):153-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017858
Johnson AM; Gill ON; Academic Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, University; College, London, U.K.
Over 80% of cases of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in England and Wales have occurred in homosexual men. Changes in sexual behaviour in this group may have a substantial influence on the incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and will therefore be crucial in determining future cases of
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):163-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017859
McCormick A; PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London, U.K.
Evidence that more people are dying as a result of HIV infection than is reflected by the number of deaths among reported cases meeting the WHO definition of AIDS is derived from mortality data. Ninety-five causes of death likely to be associated with HIV infection were selected. Standardized mortality ratios due to t
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):175-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017860
Mariotto A; Department of Mathematics, Imperial College of Science and; Technology, London, U.K.
Estimates of the rate of increase of the AIDS epidemic for each of 18 European countries are obtained by fitting a Poisson process with exponential rate of growth to data. A linear regression model of these estimates on the proportion of cases that are intravenous drug users, homosexuals/bisexuals and heterosexuals, w
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):179-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017861
The results of a third seroprevalence survey of antibody to HIV in U.K. haemophiliacs, done in 1987, are presented. Out of 3028 men with haemophilia A living in the U.K. during the period 1980-1987 who had been tested for HIV antibody, 39% were positive, and out of 517 men tested with haemophilia B, 5% were positive.
Prediction limits are calculated for the number of events likely to occur in a specified time period in an exponentially growing epidemic. The basis for the prediction is the total number of events observed in the past.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):39-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017864
Anderson RM; Cox DR; Hillier HC; Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College of; Science and Technology, London, U.K.
In 1988, a government working party studied estimates of incidence and prevalence of numbers of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases. They investigated a series of epidemiological, statistical and mathematical problems associated with predicting trends in incidences of AIDS. This paper introduces a series o
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):45-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017865
Anderson RM; Blythe SP; Gupta S; Konings E; Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College of; Science and Technology, London, U.K.
This paper examines the transmission dynamics of human immune deficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the male homosexual population in the U.K. via numerical studies employing a mathematical model representing the principal epidemiological process. The model is based on an assumption of proportionate mixing between differ
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1989 Sep 5;325(1226):99-112. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90017866
Wilkie AD; R. Watson & Sons, Consulting Actuaries, Reigate, U.K.
This paper gives details of a model for forecasting AIDS, developed for actuarial purposes, but used also for population projections. The model is only appropriate for homosexual transmission, but it is age-specific, and it allows variation in the transition intensities by age, duration in certain states and calendar
Operskalski EA; Schiff ER; Kleinman SH; Busch M; Taylor PE; Parks WP; Lee H; Tomasulo PA; Donegan E; Stuart M; et al; University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
We interviewed 51 blood donors in four major US metropolitan areas subsequently found to have had antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus (anti-HTLV) in late 1984-early 1985. Sixteen donors (31%) reported that they or a sexual contact had a history of blood transfusion. Twelve donors (24%) reported that they or
Hattori T; Ikematsu S; Koito A; Matsushita S; Maeda Y; Hada M; Fujimaki M; Takatsuki K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; Medical School, Japan.
Glycyrrhizin (GL) at a dose of 400-1600 mg/day (7.2-30.8 mg/kg/day) was administered intravenously for a period of more than a month, on 6 separate occasions, to 3 hemophiliacs with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 antigen was detected at the beginning of 5 of
Baldwin GC; Fuller ND; Roberts RL; Ho DD; Golde DW; Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine.
Although the control of retroviral disease in animal systems often involves antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), the role of cytotoxic function in human retroviral disorders is uncertain. The ability of the neutrophil to kill HIV-infected targets directed by antiviral antibody was examined. Neutrophil
Cell. 1989 Oct 6;59(1):207-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90003230
Lazinski D; Grzadzielska E; Das A; Department of Microbiology, University of Connecticut Health; Center, Farmington 06032.
We have dissected the protein and nucleic acid determinants that direct a group of transcriptional antiterminators to their specific target operons. These antiterminators, the N gene products of phages lambda, 21, and P22, function solely with their respective recognition sites, nut, to modify RNA polymerase to a term
Sallafranque-Andreola ML; Robert D; Barr PJ; Fournier M; Litvak S; Sarih-Cottin L; Tarrago-Litvak L; Institut de Biochimie Cellulaire et de Neurochimie du Centre; National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux, France.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase has been purified from yeast transformed by an autoreplicating plasmid containing the retroviral DNA polymerase gene. The previously described purification procedure for the yeast-expressed reverse transcriptase [Barr, P.J., Power, M.D., Chun Ting Lee-Ng, Gibson
Kassianides C; Hoofnagle JH; Miller RH; Doo E; Ford H; Broder S; Mitsuya H; Liver Diseases Section, National Institute of Diabetes and; Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland.
The effect of 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine, a potent antiviral agent, which, following anabolic phosphorylation, inhibits the reverse transcriptase of the human immunodeficiency virus in vitro, was assessed in 16 Pekin ducks chronically infected with the duck hepatitis B virus. Nine ducks were given 11 mg/m2 of dideoxycytidi
J Immunol. 1989 Oct 15;143(8):2501-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90010116
Ng VL; Rainer C; Oliver MR; Marsh J; Wood P; Reyes GR; McGrath MS; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; 94143.
It has previously been determined that transformed human B cells may be infected by and retain integrated human T cell lymphotropic virus, type I (HTLV-I). Although HTLV-I is primarily associated with transformation of human T lymphocytes, immortalized B cell populations have arisen after cocultivation of normal B cel
J Immunol. 1989 Oct 15;143(8):2745-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90010151
Horvat RT; Wood C; Department of Microbiology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045.
Human retroviruses, such as the HIV, infects human T cells, and efficient HIV replication occurs primarily in activated T cells rather than resting cells. Increased HIV production is likely caused by the activation of the retroviral promoter, and the HIV promoter may be regulated by intracellular signals induced durin
Maury W; Potts BJ; Rabson AB; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
To understand the potential role of placental tissue in the pathogenesis of neonatal AIDS, the distribution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) receptor and the infectability of placental tissue by HIV-1 were studied. Both the mRNA and the protein for the HIV receptor (CD4) were present in fetal-derived pla
Sattentau QJ; Arthos J; Deen K; Hanna N; Healey D; Beverley PC; Sweet R; Truneh A; Academic Department of Genito Urinary Medicine, University; College and Middlesex School of Medicine (UCMSM), London, UK.
The CD4 molecule, a differentiation marker expressed primarily by T lymphocytes, plays an important role in lymphocyte activation. CD4 is also the receptor for HIV. A number of recent studies have localized the high affinity binding site of the HIV envelope glycoprotein, gp120, to the NH2-terminal (V1) domain of CD4,
Tochikura TS; Nakashima H; Yamamoto N; Department of Virology and Parasitology, Yamaguchi University; School of Medicine, Japan.
The ability of various known anti-HIV antivirals to inhibit four different strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a strain of type 2 (HIV-2), and a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was tested. The tested substances included two sulfated polysaccharides (lentinan sulfate and dextran sulf
Chronic adult T-cell leukemia with surface phenotype CD 4+5+8-, Leu 7+ at acute crisis was presented. A 43-year-old female visited our hospital complaining of generalized lymphadenopathy and skin rash in December, 1973. Peripheral blood picture and histological findings of skin led to the diagnosis of malignant lympho
N Engl J Med. 1989 Oct 26;321(17):1141-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90015005
Goedert JJ; Kessler CM; Aledort LM; Biggar RJ; Andes WA; White GC 2d; Drummond JE; Vaidya K; Mann DL; Eyster ME; et al; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
We evaluated a multicenter cohort of 1219 subjects with hemophilia or related disorders prospectively, focusing on 319 subjects with documented dates of seroconversion to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The incidence rate of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) after seroconversion was 2.67 per 1
Groopman JE; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston,; MA 02215.
Clinical trials of recombinant biologic agents have resulted in new treatment options for hematologic, oncologic, and cardiologic disorders. These agents include the interferons, recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO), colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), interleukins (ILs), and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA).
Figlin RA; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine.
The interferons are the first of a new class of biologic response modifiers that include, among others, the interleukins, colony-stimulating factors, erythropoietin, additional growth factors, and monoclonal antibodies. Interferons have exhibited important clinical activity in hematologic malignancies, lymphomas, and
Am J Med. 1989 Oct;87(4):405-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90023526
Ambrus JL; Poiesz BJ; Lillie MA; Stadler I; Di Berardino LA; Chadha KC; Department of Molecular Biology, State University of New York,; Buffalo.
PURPOSE: Previous studies had reported that normal individuals do not have measurable levels of interferons in their circulation, whereas high levels have been found in patients in the early stages of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and in those with AIDS-related complex (ARC). This study was undertaken to c
Heifets L; Lindholm-Levy P; National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine,; Denver, Colorado 80206.
The bactericidal activities of four injectable antituberculosis drugs, streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin, against Mycobacterium avium and M. tuberculosis were tested. All four drugs were highly bactericidal against M. tuberculosis, with low MBC/MIC ratios and MBCs significantly lower than the maximum
Nakashima H; Yoshida O; Baba M; De Clercq E; Yamamoto N; Department of Virology and Parasitology, Yamaguchi University; School of Medicine, Japan.
Dextran sulphate is a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Its anti-HIV-1 activity has been investigated under varying experimental conditions. MT-4 cells were infected with HIV-1 at different multiplicities of infection (MOI), and treated with either dextran sulphate, 3 -azid
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Oct 16;164(1):345-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90026400
Sei Y; Inoue M; Tsuboi I; Yokoyama MM; Arora PK; Laboratory of Neuroscience, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Effects of erythro-9(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (EHNA), an inhibitor of the common Adenosine deaminase (adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4.), on HIV-1 production was evaluated in vitro. Reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in the supernatant was inhibited by nearly 50% in EHNA-treated HIV-1 infected H9 cells, when co
Federal Supplement. 1988 Oct 19 (date of decision);698:627-639. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/28748
A former civilian employee of the U.S. Army brought suit against the Army and his former supervisor, alleging that he was forced to resign his position after testing positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The plaintiff asserted that the Army had breached his employment contract. Additionally, his super
Federal Supplement. 1988 Oct 21 (date of decision);698:768-780. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/28747
A patient who contracted AIDS after receiving a transfusion of contaminated blood in March 1985 brought a negligence action against the blood bank that supplied the blood. He alleged that the facility was remiss in screening its donors and in failing to test donated blood for the presence of the AIDS virus. The U.S.
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