(Producer) The docu-drama traces the experience of the first nursing home in Minnesota to admit residents with AIDS. Actual nursing home employees, residents and volunteers reenact the process they went through in learning about AIDS, in dealing with their own fears and in coming to accept the AIDS resident.
(Producer) Focuses on the nurse s ability to stem the incidence of HIV infection in all women of childbearing age. Covers the importance of a sexual history on all female patient, CDC guidelines for identifying women at risk, the role of serologic testing, and the need for counseling.
Chapel Hill, NC : Health Sciences Consortium, 1990 1 computer disk : col. ; 5 1/4 in. + 1 guide (Diagnostic ordering in clinical medicine) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9000972A
LaRocco M
(Producer) In this case on establishing a diagnosis of AIDS, a 30-year-old white female presents with fever, cough, malaise, and night sweats of ten days duration, and a 30-pound weight loss during the previous three months. She is a non-smoker, a social drinker, and has no family history of tuberculosis or cancer.
[Philadelphia, Pa.] : American College of Physicians ; Philadelphia, PA, USA : Annals of Internal Medicine, Annals Business Dept. [distributor], [1985] 91 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9012769
Continuing Education Program Albany, N.Y. : Social Welfare Continuing Education Program, Nelson A. Rockefeller College of Public Affairs and Policy, University at Albany, State University of New York, v. : ill., ports Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9011416
Technology Assessment (U.S.) Rockville, MD : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment ; [Springfield, VA : Available from National Technical Information Service, 1987- v (NCHSR program note) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9012404
Selective listing of current journal articles relevant to health services in AIDS. Also includes citations from special issues of scholarly journals and state medical association journals. Topical arrangement. Numbered entries give bibliographical information and annotations. Index.
San Francisco, CA (P.O. Box 6297, San Francisco 94101-6297) : California Prostitutes Education Project, c1988 71 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9011933
Copenhagen : Akademisk Forlag, c1988 174 p (Publications from the Danish Center of Human Rights, ISSN 0903-9961 ; no. 6) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9012516
Guide to educational resources about the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome which are intended for the general public. Arranged under chronology, organizations, and bibliography. Some entries in bibliography contain brief annotations. Subject indexes to chronology and bibliography. Appendixes of statistical tables
Amsterdam ; New York : Excerpta Medica ; New York, NY, USA : Sole distributors for the USA and Canada, Elsevier Science Pub. Co., 1990 xi, 485 p. : ill (International congress series ; no. 883) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9012508
Rutherford GW; San Francisco Dept. of Public Health, San Francisco, CA
In the 6 yr after AIDS was first reported, over 60,000 cases were reported worldwide. It is likely that several million people have been infected with HIV and are at risk of developing AIDS. The epidemiology and definition of AIDS and HIV infection are reviewed and possible future trends of this pandemic are discussed
Clumneck N; Carael M; Van de Perre P; Dept. of Internal Medicine, Free Univ. of Brussels, Brussels,; Belgium
HIV infection is now endemic in most sub-Saharan African countries. It is thought that 50,000-100,000 people have suffered or died from AIDS in Africa so far. Seroprevalence rates of 1-20% are found in the general population; and 27-88% of certain groups, such as female prostitutes and their clients, may be infected.
Steinberg JP; Phair JP; Dept. of Medicine, Northwestern Univ. Medical Sch., Chicago, IL
With the discovery of HIV-1, a unifying hypothesis of infection followed by impairment and depletion of CD4 cells, followed by immunodeficiency leading to AIDS seemed plausible. HIV can infect many cells, including macrophages and B cells. Primary infection of these cells may be important in the development of the imm
Crowe S; San Francisco General Hosp., San Francisco, CA
HIV mononucleosis is an acute illness that may present as a syndrome resembling infectious mononucleosis or, less commonly, solely as an acute neurologic illness (ie, meningitis, encephalitis, polyneuropathy, or myelopathy). Epidemiology (prevalence and incidence, risk factors, and incubation period), clinical feature
Clement M; Dept. of Inpatient AIDS Services, San Francisco General Hospital,; San Francisco, CA
Virtually no organ system is left untouched by HIV infection. Patients (pts) infected with HIV may be symptomatic as a direct result of the retrovirus (eg, HIV encephalopathy) or from secondary opportunistic infections (eg, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) or malignancies (eg, Kaposi s sarcoma). The complex clinical pr
Levy RM; Bredesen DE; Rosenblum ML; Dept. of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Northwestern Univ. Medical Sch.,; Chicago, IL
Only recently have the frequency and breadth of the neurologic manifestations of AIDS become apparent. The demonstration that these neurologic illnesses arise not only from opportunistic infections and cancers, but from primary HIV-1 infection of the nervous system is of great importance. Also, primary infection with
Greenspan D; Greenspan JS; Div. of Oral Medicine, Dept. of Stomatology, Sch. of Dentistry,; Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA
Oral manifestations of AIDS and AIDS-related complex were described in the very first reports of these syndromes. There is growing evidence that several otherwise relatively innocuous oral opportunistic infections occurring in patients with HIV infection are indicators of marked immunosuppression and may predict the u
Weintrub PS; Scott GB; Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Univ. of; California, San Francisco, CA
Children can acquire HIV infection by several routes: (1) perinatally, from an infected mother; (2) from blood or blood products, including nonheat-treated factor VIII or IX concentrates; (3) sexual abuse or teenage sexual activity; and (4) iv drug use. At present, almost all pediatric HIV infections are perinatally t
Erlich KS; Div. of Infectious Diseases, Univ. of California, San Francisco,; CA
Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the neurotropic herpesviruses, typically produce an acute infection of epithelial and nerve tissue and latent infection of nerve root ganglia. These viruses can cause disease in both the normal and immunocompromised host and are res
Jacobson MA; Dept. of Medicine, San Francisco General Hosp., San Francisco, CA
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), and adenovirus infection in AIDS are reviewed, including the role of EBV in HIV-associated syndromes (non-Hodgkin s B-cell lymphoma, lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, and hairy leukoplakia); laboratory diagnosis of EBV (peripheral blood mononuc
Koehler JE; Chaisson RE; Div. of Infectious Diseases, Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of; California, San Francisco, CA
Infections caused by bacterial pathogens have been recognized as complications in AIDS and HIV infection since early in the AIDS epidemic. Bacterial pathogens causing disease in patients (pts) with HIV infection include gram-positive organisms (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp, Staphylococcus aureus, and Li
Schecter GF; Bureau of Communicable Disease Control, Dept. of Public Health,; San Francisco, CA
Infection with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was found in some of the earliest reported AIDS cases. In these patients (pts) the manifestations of MAC infection were radically different from those of the previously known chronic pulmonary disease found in pts with pre-existing lung disease. Epidemiology, pathophysi
Simberkoff MS; Zuger A; Infectious Disease Section, New York Veterans Admin. Medical; Center, New York, NY
Cryptococcosis is one of the life-threatening infectious diseases seen in patients (pts) with AIDS. It is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, an encapsulated yeast-like fungus found throughout the world and related to several nonpathogenic species. Cryptococci are not part of the normal flora of humans; their isolation
Threlkeld MG; Dismukes WE; Div. of Infectious Disease, Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of Alabama; Sch. of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
Endemic fungi are important pathogens within their respective habitats, but they are an uncommon cause of disease among persons living outside the endemic area. The major organisms in this group are Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and Coccidioides immitis. Sporothrix schenckii, although not a true en
Wofsy CB; Dept. of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco General Hosp., San; Francisco, CA
In the setting of AIDS, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) has become a routinely encountered infection. PCP is the index AIDS diagnosis in approx 60% of patients (pts) and occurs at some time during the course of the illness in 80-85% of all pts with AIDS. This infection is restricted almost exclusively to the lung
Kovacs JA; Critical Care Medicine Dept., NIH, Bethesda, MD
Toxoplasma gondii is a major pathogen of patients (pts) with AIDS. In this pt population, T gondii can cause severe morbidity and mortality, usually from focal encephalitis, but occasionally from more widely disseminated disease. T-gondii infection in AIDS is reviewed, including life cycle of T gondii, epidemiology an
Petersen C; Div. of Infectious Diseases, Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of; California and San Francisco General Hosp., San Francisco, CA
Sexual transmission of enteric protozoa among homosexual men was reported in 1967 in New York City. Since then, an epidemic of amebiasis and giardiasis has been amply documented in this population. A similar epidemic has not occurred in other AIDS risk groups. The prevalence of enteric infection in homosexual men has
Fundamental Immunology. Second Edition. Paul WE, ed. New York, Raven, 1123 p., 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90665505
Anonymous; No affiliation given
Fundamental Immunology is an advanced textbook that provides a sophisticated treatment of the main areas of modern immunology. This volume covers the cells and organs of the immune system; antigens, antibodies, and receptors; lymphocyte activation, proliferation, and differentiation; the major histocompatibility compl
Fundamental Immunology. Second Edition. Paul WE, ed. New York, Raven, p. 1033-57, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90665508
Cooper MD; Butler JL; Div. of Developmental and Clinical Immunology, Univ. of Alabama,; Birmingham, AL 35294
Deficiencies of immune responsiveness can occur as either primary or secondary disorders. Secondary immunodeficiencies may be acquired as a consequence of treatment with immunosuppressive agents, nutritional deficiencies, and certain viral infections, the most notable of which is the HIV. Primary immunodeficiency dise
Soon after HIV was found to be the cause of AIDS, it was observed that the virus was cytopathic to T4 cells in culture. Also, several pieces of evidence indicated that CD4 (the surface glycoprotein that defines the T4 cell population) was the cellular receptor for HIV and a protein required for the pathogenicity of th
Scripps Memorial Hospitals Thirteenth Annual Cancer Symposium. October 30-November 1, 1989, La Jolla, CA, Thomas T. Stevens Cancer Center of Scripps Memorial Hospitals, 320 p., 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90665859
Anonymous; No affiliation given
The Scripps Memorial Hospitals 13th Annual Cancer Symposium was held October 30-November 1, 1989, in La Jolla, CA. The five major sessions focused on breast cancer, new concepts, controversies in management of common malignancies, AIDS, and hematologic malignancies. Abstracts and papers on the following subjects are i
AIDS Updates; 2(6):1-8 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90665861
Judson FN; Denver Public Health Dept., Denver, CO
The potential and actual effectiveness of condoms in prevention of HIV infections is discussed. Emphasis is placed on new information on quality control efforts by manufacturers and the Food and Drug Administration, laboratory methods for testing condom permeability to HIV and virucidal activity of the spermicide nono
Abstracts are presented from a symposium on manipulating the mammalian genome, held January 22-28, 1990, in Tamarron, CO, as part of the 19th Annual UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology. Plenary and poster sessions focused on developmental genetics, generation of dominant mutants using transgenic mice, gene
Immunophysiology: The Role of Cells and Cytokines in Immunity and Inflammation. Oppenheim JJ and Shevach EM, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, 424 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90665404
Anonymous; No affiliation given
Studies over the past decade have demonstrated that exogenous stimulants induce multiple cellular responses and lead to the production of numerous inflammatory cell-derived cytokines. These cytokines exert pleiotropic effects on a variety of immune and inflammatory cells as well as on all other tissues and organs that
Abstracts are presented from the plenary and poster sessions of the symposium on the molecular pathways of cytokine action, held January 27 to February 3, 1990, in Park City, UT, as part of the 19th Annual UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology. Discussions covered control of DNA synthesis and cell proliferat
Abstracts are presented from the plenary and poster sessions of the symposium on transcriptional control of cell growth, held January 27 to February 3, 1990, in Keystone, CO, as part of the 19th Annual UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology. Discussions covered the three-dimensional structure of regulatory pr
A symposium on synthetic peptides was part of the University of California at Los Angeles series held in Frisco, Colorado, February 27 to March 4, 1990. Plenary and poster sessions covered the following topics: peptide synthesis and characterization, structure determination, peptide and protein modeling, pattern recog
Although AIDS is now one of the leading causes of death of men aged 30 to 50 and cancer is the second leading cause of death in the elderly, very few studies have evaluated variations in the quality of medical care for patients (pts) with these diseases. Such information is needed if policy makers are to devise ration
The complete nucleotide sequence of a 6851 bp member of the L1Md repetitive family was determined. Five kb of the element contains two overlapping reading frames of 1,137 and 3,900 bp. The relative organization of these reading frames, which overlap by 14 bp, bear resemblance to protein-coding mobile genetic elements.
Reports exist indicating a correlation between seropositivity for human T-lymphotrophic virus (HTLV) antibodies and certain parasitic infections in some parts of the world. In 274 filariasis and 119 malaria sera examined from Orissa, none was reactive in a test for anti-HTLV-III antibodies.
Herrick CA; Smith JE; Community Mental Health Department, Mobile, AL.
Nurses and other health professionals deal with many ethical dilemmas daily. The AIDS epidemic has generated enormous controversy affecting the care and treatment of persons with HIV infections. As the epidemic spreads, the ethical issues become more apparent. The AIDS situation highlights the precarious balance betwe
Kirkman MB; Bell SK; Post Anesthesia Care Unit, Ohio State University Hospital,; Columbus.
AIDS has created many challenges for those who provide care for AIDS patients. One major challenge has been the request of many public officials for healthcare professionals to abandon the traditional view of confidentiality and to reveal AIDS patients names. This ethical dilemma is explored and some ethical theories
Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1989;102:110-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296508
Poli G; Massari FE; Schnittman SM; Psallidopoulos MC; Davey V; Lane HC; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
We investigated the efficiency of HIV isolation from the PBL of 23 healthy, HIV-seropositive individuals with high (600-700/mm3) CD4+ T cell counts. Cocultivations of patients PBL with allogeneic T lymphocyte blasts or monocytes were performed. T lymphocyte blasts allowed recovery of 4/23 (17%) HIV isolates, whereas
Therapeutic acts often surgically practised in the dental office can lead to the transmission of infectious diseases such as A.I.D.S. To prevent this, the authors propose guideline base acts for antisepsis and asepsis. In conclusion, the authors exhort for an integration of these antiseptic acts in the efficient worki
Bull Mem Acad R Med Belg. 1989;144(11):580-7; discussion 587-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90304440
Pelc I
Problems connected with the use and abuse of licit or illicit drugs, causing dependency, are related to the pharmacological characteristics of the substance, to psychological traits of the user and to the social context. Hard drugs use such as heroin addiction concerns 8 to 10,000 people; alcohol abuse, 300,000. Never
Recent advances in therapy mean that prompt diagnosis of AIDS can prolong the life of those infected. Hairy leukoplakia is a new clinical entity that is one of the early signs of HIV seropositivity, and the GDP is well placed to recognize this lesion and refer patients on for treatment. In this second article in the t
Some diseases of the mouth cavity can be considered as initial indication of infection from the HIV virus. The authors have made some specialist dentistry examinations in certain drug using patients, hence at risk, which present under laboratory examination a positive reaction to the HIV virus. HIV as a result can be
This paper is the transcription of the course of Dr. Jens Pindborg, from Denmark , on the Ateneo Argentino de Odontologia, November 1988. The author provides current information on AIDS, epidemiologic factors, etiology, clinical and
Chung-hua Ya I Hsueh Hui Tsa Chih. 1989 Mar;8(1):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90315547
Hwang KC; Chuang CY
The oral cavity is the site for a number of diseases associated with an infection of the human immunodeficiency virus. Often the oral lesions may appear before the establishment of an AIDS diagnosis; and occasionally, the diagnosis may depend solely on the oral manifestations. The most commonly reported oral infection
Am J Dent. 1989 Oct;2(5):255-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303658
Burke FJ; Wilson NH
The increasing incidence of infections which may be transmitted from patient to dentist, and vice-versa, have brought about increased awareness of the cross-infection control procedures necessary to prevent transmission of disease during dental treatment. The wearing of gloves is of primary importance in this respect.
The purpose of this article is to describe oral manifestations of AIDS, specially opportunistic infections, hairy leukoplakia and Kaposi s sarcoma. Fungal infections, viral infections, salivary glands disturbances and neoplasms are related. Treatment and epidemiology in Argentine are included.
The authors explained the initial experience of Department of Infectology of the Hospital Nacional de Odontologia, in Buenos Aires. The work in this Service was initiated in September 1987 and, at this time, is the first in Argentina exclusively organized for dental treatment of
In 21 patients with haemophilia, 10 with acute leukaemia, 12 with malignant lymphomas, and 12 with multiple myeloma in whom the risk of viral infection is increased the following antibodies were determined: anti- CMV , anti-HIV, anti-HBs, and HBs antigen by ELISA
C R Seances Soc Biol Fil. 1989;183(5):407-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90304614
Raymon LP; Kimes AS; Tabakoff B; London ED; NIDA-Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.
The neurological complications associated with infection by the AIDS virus, HIV, occurs at an early stage of the disease and often indicate a poor prognosis. A dementia , known as AIDS Dementia Complex, is the most common feature observed, and is found in a majority of patients. The
Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1989;102:117-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296509
Rossen RD; Smith CW; Laughter AH; Noonan CA; Anderson DC; McShan WM; Hurvitz MY; Orson FM; VA Medical Center, Houston, TX.
To identify mechanisms which might facilitate emigration of HIV-1-infected cells from the circulation, we studied the effect of HIV-1 infection on T lymphocyte and monocytoid cell expression of molecules involved in adherence and translocation of leukocytes across endothelial cell barriers. CD11a, CD18, and ICAM-1 wer
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 1990 Mar;2(1):29-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90290670
Beckham MM
Patients with AIDS constantly challenge clinicians with the diversity of diseases that are seen, but also in the many ways they present. Neurological presentations are common in AIDS patients, although a systematic, detailed investigation is essential to distinguish opportunistic disease from the other causes of neuro
Fiore JR; Angarano G; Fico C; Casalino C; Carbonara S; Pastore G; Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Universita di Bari.
The authors describe a simple and available technique for HIV isolation from cerebrospinal fluid and report preliminary results obtained. Exposed data indicate that neurological involvement occurs early in the natural history of HIV infection and that the virus may be recovered in CSF at all stages of the disease, reg
Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1990 Feb;18(1):77-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90290773
Williams KA; White MA; Badenoch PR; Wedding TR; Alfrich SJ; Sawyer MA; Noack LM; Johnstone EW; Zilm G; Coster DJ; Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University of South; Australia, Adelaide.
The Lions Eye Bank of South Australia was established six years ago and has collected corneas from 790 donors. The consent rate is currently 82% of requests made. Two-thirds of donors have been male, with mean donor age/year varying from 54 to 64 years (range two to 93 years). C
The issue of whether or not the life-sustaining treatments (LST) of critical care is warranted for patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) experiencing acute respiratory failure has been raised. Factors that have contributed to this issue include the AIDS epidemic, the high costs of critical care,
Can Med Assoc J. 1990 Jul 1;143(1):25-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90291373
Alary M; Castel J; Departement de sante communautaire, Hopital du; Saint-Sacrement, Quebec.
The surveillance of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) through case reporting only reflects the epidemiologic features of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) transmission a few years earlier and not the prevalence of HIV seropositivity. HIV infection is not a notifiable condition in Quebec. We were asked by the
We developed an ancillary procedure for the ZDV-Trac RIA (Incstar) to allow simultaneous determination of both zidovudine (3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine, ZDV, AZT , Retrovir) and its metabolite, the glucuronide of ZDV (3 -azido-3 -deoxy-5 -O-beta-D-glucop
Wolff K; Shanab MA; Sanderson MJ; Hay AW; Department of Chemical Pathology, Old Medical School, University; of Leeds, U.K.
Heating urine samples from high-risk patients for 1 h at 56 degrees C is no longer believed to completely inactivate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; AIDS virus). To protect staff who are handling infectious samples such as those from drug-addiction units, heating at a higher temperature may be necessary. We report
Krishnan VL; Meager A; Mitchell DM; Pinching AJ; Department of Immunology, St Mary's Hospital Medical School,; London, UK.
In order to assess the role of alveolar macrophages and their products in the control of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and other infections in AIDS, bronchoalveolar lavage cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-positive AIDS/ARC patients (with and without PCP) and HIV-negative patients were count
Mathiesen T; Hammarstrom L; Fridell E; Linde A; Wirsen G; Smith CI; Norrby E; Wahren B; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Sera from healthy seropositive donors, patients with acute measles, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, common variable immunodeficiency, and CH gene deletions were analysed for anti-measles IgG1-4. Compared with other anti-viral immune responses of IgG1 and IgG3, an unusual predominance of specific IgG1 prevailed; o
Cunningham-Rundles S; Yeger-Arbitman R; Nachman SA; Kaul S; Fotino M; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Rogosin Institute,; Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York.
Taburet AM; Naveau S; Zorza G; Colin JN; Delfraissy JF; Chaput JC; Singlas E; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Bicetre Hospital, Le Kremlin,; Bicetre, France.
The pharmacokinetics of zidovudine (azidothymidine, AZT ) was investigated after oral administration (200 mg) in 14 human immunodeficiency virus seronegative patients with liver cirrhosis. They were divided in three groups according to the severity of
Dan Med Bull. 1990 Jun;37(3):275-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90291808
Krasnik A; Wangel M; Institut for Social Medicin, Panum Institutet, Kobenhavns; Universitet.
To evaluate the effect of previous AIDS education on AIDS knowledge and sex behaviour among Danish adolescents, a survey was carried out in April-May 1988 amongst 15-16 year-old school children of 9th grade elementary school. Through a cluster-sampling procedure, 45 school classes in nine geographical areas around the
Tosti A; Gaddoni G; Fanti PA; D'Antuono A; Albertini F; Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Italy.
9 Caucasian patients who developed longitudinal melanonychia during 3 -azidodeoxythymidine ( AZT ) treatment for HIV infection are reported. The occurrence of nail pigmentation was not related to drug dosage or to the severity of the HIV infection. AZT
Kobayashi T; Terao T; Kojima T; Takamatsu J; Kamiya T; Saito H; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University; School of Medicine, Japan.
The outcome of all pregnancies complicated by congenital factor XIII (F XIII) deficiency has resulted in abortion without replacement therapy. We experienced a case with this disease and succeeded in normal vaginal delivery after treatment with weekly F XIII concentrate (Fibrogammin P, Behringwerke AG) during pregnanc
Winters WL Jr; McIntosh HD; Cheitlin MD; Elon R; Graboys TB; King SB 3d; Murdaugh C; Orentlicher D; Ports TA; Rainer WG; et al
1. The American College of Cardiology acknowledges the continuum of changing societal, medical and economic perspectives affecting traditional medical ethics. Primacy of patient responsibility remains paramount to the cardiovascular specialist who at the same time should participate in the development of broader socie
J Electron Microsc (Tokyo). 1990;39(1):33-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90293652
Katsumoto T; Asanaka M; Kageyama S; Kurimura T; Nakajima K; Noto A; Tanaka H; Sato R; Department of Virology, Tottori University School of Medicine,; Yonago, Japan.
The techniques of pre- and post-embedding immunocolloidal gold electron microscopy were tested for their usefulness for analyzing the morphogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strain LAV employing U-937 cells persistently infected with the virus (U-937/LAV). By both techniques the following results were obta
Kim SJ; Kehrl JH; Burton J; Tendler CL; Jeang KT; Danielpour D; Thevenin C; Kim KY; Sporn MB; Roberts AB; Laboratory of Chemoprevention, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We examined the effect of the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) Tax gene product on the human transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) promoter. Transfection of deleted constructs of the TGF-beta 1 promoter revealed regions homologous with AP-1 binding sites that were required for Tax-induced transactiv
160 oral swabs of 149 HIV-infected patients and 168 swabs of 166 controls were cultured to detect a possible colonization of the oral cavity with yeasts and Enterobacteriaceae. In 5.0% of the HIV-infected patients and in 4.8% of the controls different species of Enterobacteriaceae were found. Yeasts were always associ
Tukutuku K; Muyembe-Tamfum L; Kayembe K; Odio W; Kandi K; Ntumba M; Department of Odontostomatology, University Clinic of Kinshasa,; Zaire.
Oral lesions associated with HIV infection as classified by the WHO Collaborative Centre for Oral manifestation of HIV were studied in 83 heterosexual AIDS patients in Kinshasa, Zaire . One or more lesions were fungal (94%), bacterial (33%) and viral (23%). Neoplasm was found in 12
Namima T; Sohma F; Imabayashi K; Nishimura Y; Orikasa S; Department of Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine,; Sendai, Japan.
Case-1 (24-year-old female) had complained of slowly progressive urinary incontinence (since 14 years old) and gait disturbance (since 18 years old). A marked pyramidal disorder was observed, and anti-HTLV-1 antibody (1:640) was present in her peripheral blood. She was diagnosed as having HTLV-1 associated myelopathy
Faktor O; Shaul Y; Department of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Weizmann Institute; of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
The human hepatitis B virus (HBV) X gene encodes a general transactivator which was suggested to be a potential factor in viral hepatocarcinogenesis. We show here that this protein transactivates the HBV enhancer linked either to the X gene promoter or heterologous promoters. Analysis of individual elements of the HBV
Tsuji Y; Doi H; Yamabe T; Ishimaru T; Miyamoto T; Hino S; Department of Pediatrics, Nagasaki University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), an etiologic human retrovirus of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), causes approximately 60 new cases of ATLL each year in Nagasaki Prefecture; essentially all cases are fatal, and they account for approximately 0.5% of total deaths in the area. The estimated life r
Public Health. 1990 Mar;104(2):123-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90295572
Brattebo G; Wisborg T; Sjursen H; Department of Surgery, Hammerfest Hospital, Norway.
The attitude of health personnel towards the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has a great influence on public opinion. Thus appropriate knowledge about HIV and its routes of transmission, plus safe and professional behaviour are crucial. A survey of 359 Norwegian health workers (75% response) revealed that factual k
Szabo S; Lieberman JP; Lue YA; Department of Medicine, Lincoln Hospital, Bronx, New York.
We report the cases of three adults with a history of intravenous drug abuse who developed endocarditis caused by Corynebacterium xerosis, Neisseria subflava, and Neisseria flavescens, respectively. No cases of endocarditis caused by C. xerosis or N. flavescens and only one case caused by N. subflava have previously b
Conway B; Halliday WC; Brunham RC; Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
We present the case of a 26-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive man who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy as the initial manifestation of AIDS. He appears to have responded dramatically to therapy with 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (
Noskin GA; Clarke JT; Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, Illinois.
Recurrent nontyphoid salmonella septicemia is one of the opportunistic infections characteristic of AIDS. The increased incidence of severe salmonellosis in immunocompromised patients is due, in part, to defective cellular immunity. The literature contains reports of nine cases of extraintestinal Salmonella arizonae i
S Afr Med J. 1990 Jun 16;77(12):613-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296191
Schoub BD; Smith AN; Johnson S; Martin DJ; Lyons SF; Padayachee GN; Hurwitz HS; Department of Virology, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg.
An epidemiological composite of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in South Africa was constructed from reported acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) figures, blood donor seroprevalence data and a family of active surveillance studies in the Johannesburg area. Of
S Afr Med J. 1990 Jun 16;77(12):623-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296193
Prior CR; Buckle GC; Department of Haemotology, University of Natal, Durban.
The major incursion of human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) infection into the South African heterosexual population has been by southerly migration of the heterosexual HIV-1 epidemic from central Africa. Much important information can be obtained from blood donor seroprevalence data and cohort studies of those
S Afr Med J. 1990 Jun 16;77(12):626-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296194
Hoosen AA; Moodley J; Pudifin DJ; Duursma J; Coetzee KD; Kharsany AB; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Natal,; Durban.
Sixteen asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) antibody-positive female blood donors were examined for sexually transmitted diseases by lower genital tract microbiological tests and colposcopy. Two donors had generalised lymphadenopathy, and in 13 (81.2%) human papillomavirus was detected on histological ex
Sex Transm Dis. 1990 Apr-Jun;17(2):80-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296219
Cochran SD; Keidan J; Kalechstein A; California State University, Northridge 91330.
Increasing attention has focused on the medical risk to young, unmarried, sexually active adults of contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in general and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in particular. Yet little is known empirically about the extent to which this group perceives themselves to be at
Howard RJ; Department of Surgery, J. Hillis Miller Health Science Center,; University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
Physicians and other health care workers risk infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus and other infectious agents. Most authorities have argued against routine testing of patients preoperatively for HIV infection because it would not prevent or reduce the risk of infection to health care w
Wis Med J. 1990 Jun;89(6):261-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296595
Hoxie NJ; Vergeront JM; Davis JP; Wisconsin Division of Health.
Based on a projection model developed by the Wisconsin AIDS/HIV Program, at the beginning of 1990 there were between 7,143 and 11,957 HIV-infected persons in Wisconsin. During the 1990s the cumulative number of HIV-infected persons in the state may more than double to between 16,471 and 25,932. We project that between
Choy FN; Wilson DC; Willcox GS; Crocker KS; Maryland Branch, New England Critical Care, Columbia, MD 21046.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP is the most frequent opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS and is the most common cause of death in these patients. Conventional parenteral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or parenteral pentamidine treatment is often not completed because of frequent incidence of adverse react
Frequency, cellular tropism and relation to pathology of productive infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in human central nervous system (CNS) were studied. Serial sections of formol-fixed and paraffin-embedded CNS tissues from 70 patients (69 with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS) were immunolab
Ketzler S; Weis S; Haug H; Budka H; Institut fur Anatomie, Medizinische Universitat Lubeck,; Federal Republic of Germany.
Neurons of Area 11 in the fronto-orbital cortex of 18 unselected AIDS brains are analyzed by means of stereology. Neurological abnormalities including dementing symptoms were described in eight patients. Neuropathology diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific changes in four, and diffuse poliodystrophy in
Paolino E; Granieri E; Matarese V; Poluzzi A; Casetta I; Neurological Clinic, University of Ferrara, Italy.
A case is reported of a primary central nervous system lymphoma in a heterosexual patient affected by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Because of the rarity and the aggressive diagnostic procedures, pre-mortem diagnosis is seldom established. This radiosensitive tumor, however, often contains monoclonal immunoglobu
Calderon W; Douville H; Nigro M; Bono G; Muratori S; Infectious Diseases Dept. IRCCS S. Matteo Hospital, University of; Pavia, Italy.
Evolution of syphilis has been studied in HIV-seropositive patients with regard to progression mode and clinical pictures. Reciprocal interactions between syphilis and HIV have been suggested based on the observation of unusually aggressive forms of treponemic infection, particularly at the CNS level. We describe a ca
Carrieri PB; Indaco A; Perrella O; Di Pietro G; Morlino M; Orefice G; Istituto di Neurologia, II Facolta di Medicina, Universita di; Napoli.
The authors report three cases of AIDS presenting with psychiatric symptoms. In two cases the initial symptoms were behavioral disorders and grandiose delusion; in the third case, which started with depression, an opportunistic infection of the central nervous system was diagnosed.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990;587:189-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90297465
Bogden JD; Baker H; Frank O; Perez G; Kemp F; Bruening K; Louria D; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health,; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey; Medical School, Newark 07103-2757.
This study surveyed serum concentrations of vitamins, electrolytes, and trace elements in subjects seropositive for HIV-1 by ELISA and confirmatory Western blot. Thirty subjects (26 males, 4 females) were recruited at a hospital clinic. Seventeen were classified as having mild or severe ARC (AIDS-related complex), 7 h
Urogenital manifestations of AIDS appear today with an increasing incidence. Among 43 seropositive patients, seen in our department between 1985 and 1989, 19 were treated for an infection: 11 cases of epididymitis, 6 cases of prostatitis, 1 renal abscess, 1 case of extensive condylomata of the urethra. The clinical si
Arch Sex Behav. 1990 Jun;19(3):235-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90297708
Catania JA; Pollack L; McDermott LJ; Qualls SH; Cole L; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco; 94105.
Help-seeking activities associated with the sexual problems of community respondents (N = 503) were studied. Major findings include (i) a majority of respondents reported some form of social help-seeking from predominantly informal rather than professional helpers; (ii) a significant increase over early adulthood in t
In the course of a long-term study of parasitic infections among HIV-infected persons in Austria during the period from November 1985 until May 1989, 618 persons infected with HIV (including 270 hospitalized patients, most of them with severe symptoms of AIDS) were examined. 58% o
136 selected sera from Northern Zaire were screened for antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2 using the ELISA method. Reactive sera were confirmed with commercially available Western Blots and additional tests. A data base was used for evaluation of the results. The sera were collect
de Andres C; Gimenez-Roldan S; Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital General Gregorio Maranon,; Madrid.
Two brothers developed a slowly progressive paraparesis during adulthood, lately associated in one to primary adrenal and gonadal insufficiency but no electrophysiological evidence of peripheral nerve involvement. Both patients and an asymptomatic sister had increased plasma concentrations of very-long chain fatty aci
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):629-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298079
Zeira M; Byrn RA; Groopman JE; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts 02215.
Mononuclear phagocytes can be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Although these cells express CD4 antigen, which is the recognized cellular receptor for HIV, additional cell surface proteins such as the Fc receptor, might serve as receptors for infection. In order to study this possibility
Can J Public Health. 1990 May-Jun;81(3):222-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298338
Chandarana PC; Conlon P; Noh S; Field VA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, Ontario,; Canada.
Information was collected from 148 homosexual men to examine their current sexual practices, knowledge of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), perception of risk for this disease and change in sexual behaviour. The data were analyzed to investigate the relationship of these variables to the degree of worry and c
Safrin S; Rush JD; Mills J; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Although patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) might be expected to have more severe illness due to influenza virus infection than normal persons, the course of influenza in such patients has not been well delineated. We describe six consecutive HIV-infected patients at San Francisco General Hospit
Lambertus MW; Goetz MB; Murthy AR; Mathisen GE; Sepulveda VA Medical Center, CA 91343.
We retrospectively studied the acute toxicity of corticosteroid therapy in 23 episodes of PCP occurring in the setting of AIDS and determined the incidence of HIV-related complications following these and 16 other contemporaneous episodes of AIDS-related PCP treated with antimicrobials alone. The mean duration of cort
East Afr Med J. 1990 Feb;67(2):95-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298787
Mbaga JM; Pallangyo KJ; Bakari M; Aris EA; Department of Medicine, University of Dar es Salaam, Muhimbili; Medical Centre, Tanzania.
To determine the survival time once acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has developed, we analysed case records of 274 patients confirmed to have died of the disease. Of the 274 patients 193 were males and 81 females (M:F 2:1). The duration of symptoms ranged from a few weeks to two years but over 70% had appar
Artzrouni M; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Loyola University, New; Orleans, LA 70118.
Projections of the spread of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and of its etiologic agent, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are presented for homosexual/bisexual men in the three European countries with the largest caseloads. The results suggest that the HIV epidemic for French, German, and British
Rosenthal GJ; Stranahan RP 3d; Thompson M; Blair P; Germolec DR; Comment CE; Schwab K; Luster MI; Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental; Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 27709.
Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) is a naturally occurring cytokine that mediates numerous biological activities and has demonstrated therapeutic potential in a variety of malignancies. Encouraging activity against HIV-1 replication has also been observed with IFN-alpha in the treatment of AIDS, although hematotoxicity has
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1990 Jun;41(6):652-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90299262
Carmen E; Brady SM; Boston University School of Medicine, MA.
Some chronic mentally ill populations are at high risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus. The authors argue that stereotypes of the mentally ill as asexual or neutered have had dangerous consequences, namely the absence of sex education and AIDS prevention as an integral part of treatment. To counter thi
Ir Med J. 1990 Mar;83(1):19-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90299591
Fogarty J; Department of Community Care, Western Health Board, Galway.
A self-administered anonymous questionnaire on knowledge about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was administered to 2,614 Leaving Certificate students in 50 Galway second-level schools. Levels of knowledge regarding routes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and non-transmission were assessed t
Head Neck. 1990 Jul-Aug;12(4):337-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90299638
Sperling NM; Lin PT; Lucente FE; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York Eye; and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003.
Cystic enlargement of the parotid gland is a newly described manifestation of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A review of 15 such patients with respect to clinical presentation, natural history, and management is presented. Follow-up ranges from 1 to 27 months, averaging 10 months. In 47% of the pat
Bolognesi D; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; 27710.
The immune response that develops subsequent to infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) consists of both humoral and cellular elements that, when tested in vitro, can inhibit virus infection and syncytium formation and lyse virus-infected target cells. The antiviral immune response may thus represent one of
Cline DJ; Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of; Medicine, OH 45267-0523.
The psychosocial impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be viewed from three perspectives: (1) the issues focused by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), (2) the persons affected, and (3) the emotions encountered. Among the many issues faced by AIDS patients, their families, and their ca
The epidemic of AIDS is a terrible and unexpected scourge that strikes persons in the most productive years of their lives and seriously threatens to drain the resources of our health care system. It is also a real risk to health care personnel, who must remember and adhere to universal precautions against blood-borne
Bonacini M; Nussbaum J; Ahluwalia C; University of Southern California School of Medicine, Department; of Medicine, (Section of Hepatology Diseases), Los Angeles.
We describe three cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated by disseminated cryptococcosis with gastrointestinal involvement. The stomach, duodenum, colon, pancreas, and liver showed invasion by the fungus. Although none of the patients had any symptoms attributable to Cryptococcus neoformans, we
Smith TW; DeGirolami U; Henin D; Bolgert F; Hauw JJ; Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of; Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.
We studied the brains of three patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), all of whom developed subacutely progressive dementia unassociated with opportunistic infection or neoplasm in the central nervous system. Computed tomographic (CT) scans of the head revealed c
Throughout the history of nursing, the care of people with communicable disease has comprised a substantial part of nursing practice. With the advent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the early 1980s, nurses once again began caring for persons with infectious disease. Lack of knowledge about
J Med Chem. 1990 Jul;33(7):1995-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90300498
Sochacka E; Nawrot B; Pankiewicz KW; Watanabe KA; Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Cornell; University, New York, New York 10021.
1-Methyl-5-(3-azido-2,3-dideoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)ura- cil (C- AZT ), a C-nucleoside isostere of the potent anti-AIDS nucleoside 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (AZT), was synthesized. 1-Methyl-2 -deoxy-5 -O-tritylpseudouridine (2a) was oxidized
Bailey JA; Brown LS Jr; Division of Evaluation and Medical Affairs, Addiction Research; and Treatment Corporation, Brooklyn, NY 11201.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a major health problem for society. Intravenous drug users are the second largest risk group for HIV infection. The disease primarily affects immunologic functioning. This study examined the inherent immunologic dysfunction by measuring the seroprevalence of
Masini T; Chinaglia D; Riviera L; Capricci E; Gullotta F; Spigolon G; Bauer AL; Istituto di anatomia e istologia patologica, Universita di; Milano.
Extracerebral and cerebral pathology in AIDS (with particular emphasis on the opportunistic infections). The Authors present the extracerebral pathology of 27 cases of AIDS observed at the Department of Pathology of Milan and the cerebral pathology of 80 cases of AIDS collected by three Institutes (Department of Patho
Price CE; Rona RJ; Chinn S; Department of Community Medicine, United Medical School, London,; UK.
In a national study of almost 7000 primary school children, parents perceptions were used to test the hypothesis that the child s irritability was associated with food intolerance independently of other symptoms. After adjustment in a multiple regression analysis for asthma or wheeze, cough, eczema, hives, diarrhoea
Hedaya MA; Elmquist WF; Sawchuk RJ; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
The effect of probenecid on the disposition of AZT was investigated in a pilot study in two healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetics of AZT were examined after a single oral dose of 200 mg with and without probenecid coadministration in a balanced cro
Science. 1990 Jun 29;248(4963):1639-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90302008
Lenert P; Kroon D; Spiegelberg H; Golub ES; Zanetti M; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego; 92103.
T cell glycoprotein CD4 binds to class II major histocompatibility molecules and to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope protein gp120. Recombinant CD4 (rCD4) bound to polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) and 39 of 50 (78%) human myeloma proteins. This binding depended on the Fab and not the Fc portion of Ig and
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1990 Jun 10;110(15):1978-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90302206
Skogstad M; Statens Arbeidsmiljoinstitutt, Oslo.
Experience from two HIV-preventive projects among drug abusers in Oslo, Norway , shows that HIV-positive drug abusers carry on their drug abuse independent of visits to residential drug-free treatment or prison. HIV-positive former drug abusers show a tendency to relapse to drug abu
Since January 1985, 77 women have been found to be HIV-positive in the Department for Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital. Thirty-four out of these 77 women had histories of intravenous drug abuse, 11 had probably been infected with HIV by transfusion while 32 had probably been infected heterosexually. Out of the h
Ann Plast Surg. 1990 Jun;24(6):524-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90302948
Stuart JD; Morgan RF; Kenney JG; Plastic Surgical Group, Tucson, AZ.
Early tangential excision sometimes results in considerable blood loss, prolonged operative time, and partial loss of the graft secondary to hematoma formation. Previous reports document positive hemostatic effects and improved skin fixation with fibrin glue. The commercial preparation used in Europe, however, has not
Talal N; Dauphinee MJ; Dang H; Alexander SS; Hart DJ; Garry RF; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science; Center, San Antonio 78284-7874.
Primary Sjogren s syndrome (SS) is considered a benign autoimmune disease; it is characterized by lymphoid infiltration of salivary and lacrimal glands, often accompanied by the presence of serum autoantibodies, particularly anti-Ro (SS-A) and anti-La (SS-B). There are important immunologic similarities between primar
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):707-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303963
Mulligan MJ; Kumar P; Hui HX; Owens RJ; Ritter GD Jr; Hahn BH; Compans RW; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
A recent isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) designated HIV-2ST is deficient in its ability to cause the typical cytopathic effects of HIV infection. The pathogenic potential of HIV-2 in inducing human disease may be less than that of HIV-1, and it is of particular interest to establish the basis fo
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):743-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303966
Kiernan R; Marshall J; Bowers R; Doherty R; McPhee D; NHMRC Special Unit for AIDS Virology, Macfarlane Burnet Centre; for Medical Research, Fairfield, Victoria, Australia.
The replication kinetics of HIV were examined in HTLV-I-transformed MT-2 cells. The duration of the initial replication cycle was 20 hours, determined by the first detection of infectious progeny virus, development of syncytia, and production of viral RNA and protein. A phase of exponential virus production followed u
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):765-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303968
Morikawa Y; Overton HA; Moore JP; Wilkinson AJ; Brady RL; Lewis SJ; Jones IM; NERC Institute of Virology, Oxford, England.
The soluble domains of the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 (gp120) and human CD4 (sCD4) have been individually expressed in insect cells using recombinant baculoviruses. Each product is secreted from infected cells and accumulates in the surrounding media to levels of 1-2 mg/liter of 2 x 10(9) cells. Both molecules hav
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):785-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303970
Dedera D; Vander Heyden N; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis,; Missouri 63110.
A series of inhibitors of trimming glucosidases and mannosidases were examined for antiviral activity toward HIV-1. N-butyl deoxynojirimycin (N-buDNJ) was found to be the most potent agent studied. Treatment of acutely infected lymphoid cells with 2.0 mM N-buDNJ reduced virus yield more than 90%, without affecting cel
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):813-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303973
Sauermann U; Schneider J; Mous J; Brunckhorst U; Schedel I; Jentsch KD; Hunsmann G; German Primate Center, Department of Virology and Immunology,; Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany.
The genetic diversity of HIV-1 is well documented. Except for the HIV-1 isolate LAV-1BRU, no nucleic acid sequence of a European isolate of HIV-1 has been published to date. To further investigate the extent of the genetic variability and the evolution of HIV-1, we have isolated, cloned, and subsequently sequenced HIV
As the incidence of HIV infection in women increases, and treatments and interventions become available, the need for counseling and testing for HIV antibodies becomes more vital in all health care settings. Basic guidelines for pretest and posttest counseling are reviewed, and checklists for content of sessions are p
Since 1985 when the military first began testing all active duty personnel, there have been concerns about how the HIV policy would affect servicemembers. This article reviews policy development, the rationale for screening, seroprevalence in the military, medical staging, unique problems of testing in the military, r
Personnel working in obstetric and gynecologic settings have long recognized their increased risks for infection with the hepatitis B virus and many have been immunized with hepatitis B vaccine. Staphylococcus aureus cross-transmission among neonates in newborn nurseries in the 1950s was a major impetus for the develo
Recent statistics validate the impact of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) on women and children in the United States . An increasing number of women of childbearing age are being infected by sharing needles and syringes with HIV-positive individuals and by having sex with partners
The progression of infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is not completely understood with regard to a variety of potentially controllable and uncontrollable factors. The purpose of this article is to present the most common clinical indicators of potential HIV infection and classical indicators of clinica
This article focuses on safer sex counseling for the clinical practitioner. Current knowledge about the sexual transmission of HIV is summarized. High-risk sexual practices are identified, and safer sex guidelines are proposed. Suggestions are offered for counselling clients about risk assessment and safer sexual prac
Women working in the sex industry are at risk for HIV infection acquired through intravenous drug use or sexual practices with steady sex partners, but there is no evidence that they are transmitting the virus to their customers. Most HIV infection in women in the United States is rela
As HIV infection increases in women, childbearing becomes a major concern due to its effect on the mother and also a fetal transmission rate approximating 40%. Pregnancy may negatively influence the progression of HIV, but confounding factors such as access to health care are just as responsible. Other studies suggest
This article reviews the nurse s role in caring for HIV-infected women and their at-risk newborns during the intrapartum and postpartum period. Emphasis is placed on specific nursing interventions required during labor and delivery and the immediate neonatal period. A review of HIV-related illnesses and essential comp
Perinatally transmitted HIV infection is an emerging public health problem, particularly in communities impacted by substance abuse. This article presents an overview of clinical presentation and management throughout the various stages of infection. Recent advances in antiretroviral therapy have the potential to impr
Women Connected and the Maternal Child Clinic are two unique dyad-centered programs for providing quality care to HIV-infected women and their children. Each is a collaborative effort to maintain standard of care for these patients within a large county facility. Women Connected facilitates their inpatient treatment a
This chapter discusses: identifying the need for risk reduction; assessing the need for psychological support; and various sociocultural, psychological, and grief-related issues. It specifically describes psychosocial reactions of AIDS patients. Furthermore, counseling stressors and factors are suggested. Finally, cou
Perinatally transmitted HIV infection is a devastating and growing problem among families who are often the most disadvantaged units in society. However, being disadvantaged does not necessarily mean that the family is dysfunctional and unable to cope creatively with a child and other family members who are HIV infect
A disproportionate number of AIDS cases is seen among Hispanics and women. However, there is a lack of knowledge relative to effectively educating and motivating behavioral change among minority women at risk for HIV infection. Using the Health Belief Model as a framework to promote behavioral change, methods for desi
The next wave of the AIDS epidemic will be among adolescents because of their risk-taking behaviors. Certain adolescents, because of predisposing biological, psychological and environmental factors, are at especially high risk. An overview of the risk-taking behaviors and levels of knowledge regarding AIDS is presente
Cell. 1990 Jun 29;61(7):1271-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90304886
Pomerantz RJ; Trono D; Feinberg MB; Baltimore D; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge,; Massachusetts 02142.
U1 and ACH-2 cells are subclones of HIV-1-infected monocyte/macrophage-like and T lymphocyte cell lines, respectively, which express the HIV-1 genome at very low levels. We have examined whether they might provide a model of HIV-1 latency. The patterns of HIV-1-specific RNA expressed in these cells consisted of singly
Longworth DL; Spech TJ; Ahmad M; Sharp DE; Fishleder AJ; Yen-Lieberman B; Proffitt MR; Department of Infectious Disease, Cleveland Clinic Foundation,; One Clinic Center, Ohio 44195.
Primary infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) has been associated with a self-limited illness resembling acute infectious mononucleosis. Pulmonary manifestations have been notably absent in published reports. The authors describe a 28-year-old homosexual male who presented with primary HIV-1 infectio
Hoeltge GA; Sharp DE; Department of Blood Banking, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, One; Clinic Center, Ohio 44195.
Many patients express concern about the risk of an infection from blood transfusion. Blood transfusion is one of the safest therapies available, but its risks should never be trivialized when talking with patients. The most common infectious complication is hepatitis C, which occurs in 2% to 4% of transfused patients.
Itil TM; Ferracuti S; Freedman AM; Sherer C; Mehta P; Itil KZ; Department of Psychiatry, New York Medical College, Tarrytown,; New York 10591.
In a group of HIV positive young male patients without any significant neuropsychiatric signs, computer-analyzed EEG (CEEG) and Dynamic Brain Mapping evaluations were conducted. These patients, who only had micro-neuropsychiatric symptoms, demonstrated CEEG profiles that more closely resemble those of patients diagnos
Tinuper P; de Carolis P; Galeotti M; Baldrati A; Gritti FM; Sacquegna T; Neurological Institute, University of Bologna, Italy.
In order to study the correlation between central nervous system (CNS) involvement and EEG abnormalities in HIV infection we studied 100 consecutive HIV patients. Patients were divided into 4 groups; Group I: 42 neurologically asymptomatic subjects; Group II: 6 patients with peripheral neuropathies; Group III: 28 pati
Ethiop Med J. 1990 Apr;28(2):81-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90305985
Tsega E; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa; University, Ethiopia.
The demographic, social and clinical presentation of 100 HIV positive patients hospitalized in Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia , between 1986 and 1989 are described. The mean age is 38.2 years with a range of 16 to 58. Over 75% of the patients are under 40 years. The
FEBS Lett. 1990 Jun 4;265(1-2):75-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90306323
Rabenandrasana C; Baghdiguian S; Marvaldi J; Fantini J; Institut de Chimie Biologique-URA 202 CNRS, Universite; d'Aix-Marseille I, France.
The CD4 glycoprotein serves as a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus HIV, the etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We have examined the expression of CD4 molecules in a clone (HT29-D4) derived from a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. HT29-D4 cells synthesized a 60 kDa polypeptide
Mills CT; Lee E; Perrillo R; Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Administration Medical Center,; St. Louis, Missouri.
To further clarify whether hepatitis B virus is cytopathic, the degree of hepatic histological activity was assessed and compared with levels of replicating virus in serum and liver of 74 untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B. Male homosexuals (n = 35) had significantly greater levels of DNA polymerase (P less t
Wodak A; McArthur T; Carroll T; Alcohol and Drug Service, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst,; NSW, Australia.
It illustrates an approach to at risk youth which implicates the age group in planning and application, in an area where they are involved. It is a communication and health initiative which has achieved a good measure of success in Australia with the rock n roll music sub cultur
Hernandez JT; Smith FJ; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of; Medicine, Chapel Hill 27514-7160.
College students are often viewed as being at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, due to their needs to engage in exploratory behavior and their needs for peers social approval, and their sense of invulnerability. The proportion of adolescents who are sexually active is known to be relatively
Rickert VI; Gottlieb A; Jay MS; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical; Sciences, Little Rock.
Health providers are becoming increasingly aware that adolescents are a population at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and have identified education as essential for prevention. This study evaluates three clinic-based programs designed to determine the effects of education on knowledge and attitudes
J Community Health. 1990 Jun;15(3):147-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90308015
Carretta RA; Mangione TW; Marson PF; Darmono SS; Outside Health Resource Utilization Program, Harvard Community; Health Plan, Boston, Mass. 02215.
Physicians have a major role to play in the prevention of AIDS transmission. Promotion of health behaviors needs to be expanded beyond the traditional AIDS high risk populations; however, little information is available on the AIDS education practices of physicians. A survey of Massachusetts physicians in four special
Armstrong-Esther C; Hewitt WE; School of Nursing, University of Lethbridge, Alberta.
This paper examines changes in health care workers perceptions of AIDS accruing from attempts at professional enlightenment. Based upon a 4-month study of 60 registered nurses enrolled in a bachelor of nursing programme, it investigates alterations in knowledge and attitudes resulting from intense instruction on AIDS
Baumgartner JE; Rachlin JR; Beckstead JH; Meeker TC; Levy RM; Wara WM; Rosenblum ML; Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine,; University of California, San Francisco.
The incidence of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma has increased rapidly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is predicted to exceed 1800 cases annually by 1991. To characterize the natural history and response to radiation therapy (RT) of these lesions, the authors have reviewed
Maas U; Kattner E; Weingart-Jesse B; Schafer A; Obladen M; Children's Clinic, University Hospital Rudolf Virchow, Free; University of Berlin, West Germany.
The influence of maternal participation in a methadone detoxification program as compared to street drug use on intrauterine growth and neonatal morbidity was analysed in 75 newborns. -58 of 75 pregnant addicts joined the methadone program; in 17 women with successful prepartal detoxification, we found a longer course
Levin HS; Williams DH; Borucki MJ; Hillman GR; Williams JB; Guinto FC Jr; Amparo EG; Crow WN; Pollard RB; Divisions of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch,; Galveston 77550.
Neurobehavioral functioning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were investigated in 25 patients with various Centers for Disease Control (CDC) stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and in a control group of seven normal subjects. Unequivocal slowing of information processing speed and cerebral atrop
Blower SM; Anderson RM; Wallace P; Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College of; Science, Technology and Medicine, London, U.K.
An analysis is presented of sexual behaviour data from a random sample (n = 780) of the adult population of England and Wales. Sex stratified frequency distributions of the reported number of sex partners/time were analysed for heterosexuals, demographic characteristics associated with the number of sex partners/time
Santos-Ferreira MO; Cohen T; Lourenco MH; Almeida MJ; Chamaret S; Montagnier L; Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of; Lisbon, Portugal.
A seroepidemiological study was carried out to determine the distribution of the human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) in the People s Republic of Angola , where HIV-2 existence was previously unknown and HIV-1 seropositivity was only reported to be presen
Katzenstein DA; Vujcic LK; Latif A; Boulos R; Halsey NA; Quinn TC; Rastogi SC; Quinnan GV Jr; Laboratory of Retrovirus Research, Food and Drug Administration,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Neutralizing antibodies (NAs) against four isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were assayed in HIV-1 antibody positive sera from the United States , Haiti , Zimbabwe , and
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 1990 Jun;28(6):14-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90308776
O'Donnell TG; Bernier SL; RN/BSN program, Catholic University of America.
1. Factors to consider in parental reactions to children with AIDS are the unique relationship of each family member to the affected individual; the difference of the parent s reaction compared with other family members; and the roles that the person with AIDS plays in each individual s life. 2. The debilitation cause
J Med Ethics. 1990 Jun;16(2):81-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90308818
Ridsdale L; UMDS Guy's Hospital, London.
A GP is not informed that her patient is HIV-positive. The question is posed-should doctors in special clinics act on the assumption that patients do not want their GP informed? It is argued that this assumption may be false, and that it may deny patients the offer of appropriate and timely support.
Mishu B; Schaffner W; Horan JM; Wood LH; Hutcheson RH; McNabb PC; Division of Field Services, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA.
In January 1989 [corrected], the media reported the identity of a surgeon who was recently diagnosed with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Concern about surgeon-to-patient transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persisted despite reassurances from health authorities. Therefore, HIV antibody te
Kolins J; Kolins MD; Community Blood Bank of North County, Escondido, Calif. 92025.
Informed consent for blood transfusion has become a necessity in light of the known risks associated with this service. All transfusion services should institute written informed consent that clearly defines the patient s options, including the use of homologous blood, autologous blood, and directed donations. The ris
Matutes E; Keeling DM; Newland AC; Scott CS; Mitchell D; Traub N; Wardle DG; Catovsky D; Kelling DM/[corrected to Keeling DM]; Academic Department of Haematology and Cytogenetics, Royal; Marsden Hospital, London, U.K.
We describe the clinical, ultrastructural, and immunophenotypical characteristics of four cases of an unusual type of T cell leukemia. Clinical features included high WBC, ranging from 26-148 x 10(9)/liter, bone marrow infiltration, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Skin involvement was not documented at presentation
Med Clin (Barc). 1990 Mar 31;94(12):441-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90309433
Soriano V; Tor J; Muga R; Clotet B; Ribera A; Ribas-Mundo M; Foz M; Servicios de Medicina Interna y de Hematologia, Hospital de; Badalona Germans Trias i Pujol, Universidad Autonoma, Barcelona.
We report 7 individuals in whom HIV seroconversion developed, in 6 associated with symptoms and in one without any symptom at all. The most florid and sustained symptoms appeared in the oldest patients: a female and her heterosexual partner, who was a promiscuous male with recent seroconversion. A heroin abuser had or
Ment Retard. 1990 Jun;28(3):139-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90309585
Kastner T; DeLotto P; Scagnelli B; Testa WR; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.
The development of procedural guidelines for serving people with developmental disabilities living in the community and infected with HIV was discussed. The need for ethical decision-making and universal infectious disease recommendations that allow for the provision of these services in the least restrictive environm
Findings from two sample surveys of community midwives in Scotland and England (N = 907) during 1988 reveal that there is limited knowledge about many aspects of HIV infection. Respondents were themselves concerned about their lack of experience and knowledge as well as the availability of resources for HIV infection.
Minn Med. 1990 Jul;73(7):27-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90309687
Williams DN; Terry PE; Strickland S; Pheley AM; Raze A; Park Nicollet Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN.
The authors reviewed the trends in HIV-antibody testing at a multispecialty group practice with more than 280 physicians. Based on a chart review of 243 randomly selected patient records, they judged 38% of the tests ordered to be for low-risk individuals. Forty-five percent of the records documented the patient s inf
Ensoli F; Fiorelli V; Mezzaroma I; D'Offizi GP; Aiuti F; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of; Rome, La Sapienza, Italy.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be isolated from lymphocytes and tissues of symptomatic and asymptomatic seropositive subjects. However, in some individuals, virus isolation is not always positive, especially in asymptomatics. In this paper we report the results of HIV-1 DNA detection by means of polym
Mutat Res. 1990 Jul;236(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90309841
Legerski RJ; Penkala JE; Peterson CA; Wright DA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas M.D.; Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
Dideoxynucleotides have proved to be potent differential inhibitors of DNA polymerases in vitro and in vivo. Used extensively in studies of DNA repair and replication, they have more recently been used as antiviral agents particularly in treating patients for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Once incorporate
Wrzolek MA; Sher JH; Kozlowski PB; Rao C; State University of New York Health Science Center, Brooklyn and; Kings County Hospital Center.
A survey of skeletal muscle pathology in 92 autopsied cases of AIDS revealed microscopic alterations in 64 cases. There were 40 cases of disuse atrophy, 8 of denervation atrophy, 2 of cryptococcal myositis, 1 of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) infection and 2 of necrotizing myopathy associated with hyperkalem
Gabbai AA; Schmidt B; Castelo A; Oliveira AS; Lima JG; Department of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo,; Brazil.
We report a large spectrum of histological muscle abnormalities in 50 homosexual men with AIDS and ARC. We encountered moth-eaten fibers in 76%, angulated fibers in 76%, type groupings in 62%, type 2 fiber atrophy in 58%, mononuclear endomysial and/or perimysial and/or perivascular infiltrates in 36%, necrosis and pha
St Louis ME; Rauch KJ; Petersen LR; Anderson JE; Schable CA; Dondero TJ; HIV Seroepidemiology Branch, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
BACKGROUND AND METHODS. To evaluate the epidemiology of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in selected urban communities in the United States , we instituted active surveillance at sentinel hospitals by anonymous testing of samples of blood specimens for HIV-1 an
Neurologic and neurodevelopmental problems were investigated in a cohort of 39 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and 164 antibody-negative children born to HIV-positive women. All children were followed from birth for between 1 month and 4 years. Serious neurologic manifestations were present in 5 o
Fischer B; Elmer M; Ramadori G; Lorenz J; III. Medizinische Klinik, Abetilung Innere Medizin-Pneumologie,; Universitatskliniken Mainz.
In 32 patients infected with HIV with unclear fever and/or pulmonary infiltraes, a fiberbronchoscopy (FB), with transbronchial lung biopsies (TBB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out. Thirteen of these patients had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), three patients tuberculosis of the lungs, two patient
Lode H; Hoffken G; Dissmann T; Schafer H; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik im Klinikum Steglitz der; Freien Universitat Berlin.
The discussion regarding the need for intensive-care treatment of AIDS patients should be conducted in a highly differentiated manner and should depend on the prognosis of the underlying or basic disease, on the immunological situation, on the mental condition and on the consent of the individual patient. During the p
In subjects with HIV infection, mycobacteria are frequently identified. The most commonly seen species are M. avium-M. intracellulare. On the other hand, there is considerable variation in the data regarding the incidence of infections with M. tuberculosis; in fact, these data correspond with the differences in preval
Chemiluminescence of alveolar macrophages was examined in 45 patients with and without immunodeficiency. Some of these patients were suffering from pneumonia. Chemiluminescence was reduced in patients with immunosuppression compared to those with normal immunofunction. Although this parameter of macrophage function wa
Tuberculosis is the most frequent infectious complication of AIDS and HIV infection in countries where che prevalence of tuberculous infection is high. HIV infection is the strongest risk factor for developing tuberculosis in individuals infected removly or recently with tubercle bacilli. An increased incidence of tub
In 36 patients suffering from AIDS (age: 21-62 years) the incidence, the efficiency of diagnostic procedures and the clinical course of bacterial pneumonias were analysed. 19 out of 20 episodes with bacterial pathogens were found in 18 patients via fibre-bronchoscopic sampling. The most frequently observe bacteria wer
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(13):5218-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90311373
Tendler CL; Greenberg SJ; Blattner WA; Manns A; Murphy E; Fleisher T; Hanchard B; Morgan O; Burton JD; Nelson DL; et al; Metabolism Branche, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A state of T-cell activation, reflected by a marked degree of spontaneous proliferation in vitro, exists among patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) but not in those with retroviral-induced adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). We wished to de
Bottomley PA; Hardy CJ; Cousins JP; Armstrong M; Wagle WA; General Electric Research and Development Center, Schenectady, NY; 12301.
To test whether compromised high-energy phosphate metabolism is implicated in the neurologic impairment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex (ADC), brain phosphate metabolite concentrations and ratios were measured noninvasively in 12 patients with mild to moderat
Krasnik A; Fouchard JR; Bayer T; Keiding N; Institute of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
The objective of the study was to measure the level of HIV/AIDS related anxiety among health care workers and identify its determinants. Data were obtained by means of a mailed, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire distributed to 2561 Danish medical doctors, nurses and nursing aides drawn randomly from the lists
Markova I; Wilkie PA; Naji SA; Forbes CD; Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Scotland.
Many people with haemophilia have been infected by HIV through the contamination of blood products they need for treatment of their bleeding. This study explored the perceptions of people with haemophilia of their own and others risk of HIV/AIDS and their beliefs about others perceptions of HIV/AIDS. The results hav
Soc Work Health Care. 1990;14(3):73-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90312301
Jimenez MA; Jimenez DR; Department of Social Work, California State University, Long; Beach 90840.
Volunteers have played an important role in the care and support of PWAs. This paper discusses the issues that will face professionals who are involved in recruitment, training and support of volunteer caregivers in the coming years, utilizing a review of the literature and case examples. The hospice volunteer model i
543 persons over 70 years of age and living in Akershus county near Oslo were offered a hearing test at the local health centre. 495 (91%) were tested. The test revealed that 111 (22.4%) needed a hearing aid. 52 (10.5%) of these already had a hearing aid. Most of those who required a hearing aid (97.3%) belonged to th
The daily use of hearing aids was investigated in two groups of persons over 70 years of age. One group received only initial instruction in the use of the hearing aid. In this group only six of the 35 patients used their hearing aid every day or on most days. In the other group, which received a further audiopedagogi
Tumori. 1990 Jun 30;76(3):292-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90312682
Gridelli C; Palmieri G; Airoma G; Incoronato P; Pepe R; Barra E; Bianco AR; Cattedra di Oncologia Medica, II Facolta di Medicina e; Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi di Napoli.
We report the case of an 82-year old Italian female with laryngeal involvement of classic Kaposi s sarcoma. We obtained a complete regression of laryngeal lesion with low-dose alpha-2b interferon.
Women Health. 1990;16(2):41-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313048
Habel L; Kaye K; Lee J; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiologic Research, New York; City Department of Health.
New York City trends in maternal drug abuse during pregnancy and in mortality rates for infants with in utero drug exposure are reported; causes of death among drug-exposed infants are studied, as is the association between maternal drug abuse and other factors that contribute to infant mortality (e.g., low birthweigh
Dubois-Arber F; Hausser D; Gutzwiller F; Institut universitaire de medecine sociale et preventive,; Lausanne.
Caregivers of 13 hospital services in Switzerland--confronted at various degrees with the aids problem--have been interviewed. The study indicates that hospital caregivers still strongly fear an HIV infection through professional contacts. At the same time they have difficulties to balance correctly risks at work agai
Am J Hematol. 1990 Aug;34(4):275-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313673
Sthoeger D; Nardi M; Travis S; Karpatkin M; Karpatkin S; Department of Pediatrics, NYU Medical Center, NY 10016.
A method has been developed for the demonstration of increased platelet surface IgG that uses 1 ml of blood regardless of the platelet count. Platelets are gel filtered to remove plasma and contaminating lymphocytes. They are then reacted with fluorescein-conjugated antihuman IgG and analysed by flow cytometry. Percen
Reiser IW; Shapiro WB; Porush JG; Department of Medicine, Brookdale Hospital Medical Center,; Brooklyn, NY 11212.
From January 1, 1986 through June 30, 1989, 320 maintenance hemodialysis patients treated at The Brookdale Hospital Medical Center were tested for the presence of antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot assays. Thirty-nine patients (12%) t
Srinivasa NS; McGovern CH; Solez K; Poppema S; Halloran PF; Division of Nephrology and Immunology, University of Alberta; Hospital, Edmonton, Canada.
A 43-year-old patient of occult adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) presenting with systemic illness and progressive renal failure due to lymphomatous infiltration of kidneys is described. The striking feature observed was destructive infiltration of the kidneys, by malignant CD4 cells, virtually replacing the normal renal ar
Am J Med. 1990 May;88(5N):18N-21N. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313784
Oksenhendler E; Cadranel J; Sarfati C; Katlama C; Datry A; Marche C; Wolf M; Roux P; Derouin F; Clauvel JP; Department of Immunopathology, Hopital Saint Louis, Paris,; France.
PURPOSE: To perform a retrospective and descriptive study of Toxoplasma gondii pneumonia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, results of therapy, and hypotheses on pathophysiology are discussed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study consisted of 13 H
Am J Med. 1990 May;88(5N):28N-32N. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313786
Katz SJ; Wenger NS; Shapiro MF; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of bacterial and fungal blood cultures in febrile hospitalized patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed all cases of bacteremia and fungemia detected in 446 patients admitted to a university hospital wit
Am J Med. 1990 May;88(5N):49N-52N. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313790
Bowden RA; Coombs RW; Nikora BH; Bigelow C; Sale GE; Thomas ED; Meyers JD; Corey L; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 98104.
Am J Med. 1990 Jul;89(1):96-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313826
Coplan NL; Shimony RY; Ioachim HL; Wilentz JR; Posner DH; Lipschitz A; Ruden RA; Bruno MS; Sherrid MV; Gaetz H; et al; Department of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York; 10021.
Am J Med Genet. 1990 Jun;36(2):251-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313847
Gutmann DH; Fischbeck KH; Kamholz J; Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
A family is described with 5 males in a single generation affected with a previously undescribed complicated form of hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP). The disease is characterized by speech difficulties, lower limb spasticity and hyper-reflexia, mental retardation, cerebellar ataxia, and tremor. The disease starts
Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):950-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313906
Cote TR; Nelson MR; Anderson SP; Martin RJ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Illinois Department of Public; Health, Springfield.
The relation between the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB) was examined by matching the Illinois AIDS and TB registries. The match group was examined and compared with patients with only one disease by race, method of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, site of tuberculous d
Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):970-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313911
Shelp EE; DuBose ER; Sunderland RH; Foundation for Interfaith Research and Ministry, Houston, TX; 77225.
The AIDS Interfaith Council of Houston, sponsored by the Foundation for Interfaith Research and Ministry, recruits, trains, and coordinates volunteers for home-based care for adults and children with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). The program provides compassionate, non-judgmental care for the sick and res
Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):973-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313912
Ekstrand ML; Coates TJ; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco 94105.
This paper describes the sexual behavior changes made by 686 gay and bisexual men in San Francisco between 1984 and 1988, focusing on the individual maintenance of this behavior change over time. There were drastic reductions in insertive and receptive unprotective anal intercourse over time and the vast majority of s
Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):978-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313913
McKusick L; Coates TJ; Morin SF; Pollack L; Hoff C; University of California-San Francisco, Division of General; Internal Medicine.
Predictors of unprotected anal intercourse were examined among 508 gay men in San Francisco. The cohort was recruited in 1983-84 at which time 49.8 percent of non-monogamous men (N = 435) and 71.2 percent of monogamous men (N = 73) reported practicing unprotected anal intercourse. Only 12 percent of non-monogamous and
Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):990-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313917
Padian NS; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco; General Hospital, CA 94110.
Ninety-eight heterosexual couples enrolled in a HIV transmission study, at least one of whom was HIV-infected, were interviewed about sexual behavior. Although males and females were interviewed separately, there was agreement between them on the number of sexual contacts, the practice or anal intercourse, and condom
Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):995-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313919
Guydish JR; Abramowitz A; Woods W; Black DM; Sorensen JL; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco 94105.
We analyzed data for San Francisco intravenous drug users entering treatment, April 1986-September 1988 (N = 7,660). The proportion of cases reporting any needle sharing in the month preceding treatment decreased from 50 percent in 1986 to 28 percent in 1988. Similar decreases were reported by two longitudinal cohorts
Am Surg. 1990 Jul;56(7):445-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90314123
Deziel DJ; Hyser MJ; Doolas A; Bines SD; Blaauw BB; Kessler HA; Department of Surgery, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical; Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612.
Twenty-one major abdominal operations performed on 20 patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) were reviewed. Fourteen operations were for therapeutic indications, eight were emergent. The array of pathology encountered included opportunistic infection with Mycobacterium avium intracellulare, Cytomegalo
Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1990 Mar;70(1):49-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90314499
Zekeng L; Kaptue L; Service d'Hematologie-Immunologie, Banque de Sang, CHU Yaounde,; Cameroun.
5,980 blood donors were screened for HIV1 antibodies and Hepatitis B Virus surface antigen (HBs Ag), using the ELISA technique, in the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon , between January 1988 and May 1989. All HBs Ag positive samples were also screened for HBe Ag.
Ann Thorac Surg. 1990 Jun;49(6):984-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90314540
Robicsek F; Duncan GD; Masters TN; Robicsek SA; Rice HE; Carolinas Heart Institute, Charlotte Memorial Hospital, North; Carolina.
Particulate matter comparable in size with that of human immunodeficiency virus was subcutaneously injected into experimental animals. Such matter remained at the inoculation site long enough to suggest the possibility that human immunodeficiency virus can be destroyed in loco before it invades the host s circulation.
Bennett CL; Gertler P; Guze PA; Garfinkle JB; Kanouse DE; Greenfield S; Department of Social Sciences, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica,; Calif. 90406.
A central issue in health policy with regard to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is whether quality of care and patient outcomes are affected by resource constraints. In an earlier study of 15 California hospitals between October 1986 and October 1987, we observed a markedly lower in-hospital mortality ra
Marshall PA; O'Keefe JP; Fisher SG; Caruso AJ; Surdukowski J; Medical Humanities Program, Loyola University Stritch School of; Medicine, Maywood, Ill 60153.
This study investigates patients concern about the human immunodeficiency virus transmission from their physician during the course of routine medical care. We examined patients fear of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus transmission, level of comfort with medical pr
Chalmers AC; Aprill BS; Shephard H; Department of Internal Medicine, Naval Hospital, Oakland, Calif.
Involvement of the central nervous system by human immunodeficiency virus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. We have undertaken a longitudinal study of asymptomatic individuals found to be human immunodeficiency virus seropositive to identify and characterize cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities early in t
Hatkin JM; Lindsay DS; Giambrone JJ; Hoerr FJ; Blagburn BL; Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,; Auburn University, Alabama 34849.
Biliary cryptosporidiosis was studied by inoculation of 2 x 10(5) Cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts (AU-B1 isolate) into the gall bladders of ten 6-day-old broiler chickens. Clinical signs of disease were not seen. Three of the 10 chickens developed biliary tract infections, based on histologic examination of tissue sec
Cancer Commun. 1990;2(1):55-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90315284
Vazquez-Padua MA; Starnes MC; Cheng YC; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine,; New Haven, CT 06510.
3 -Azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) is currently used in the treatment of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); this often, however, results in hematological toxicity. Although the mechanism of toxicity is not clear, it is thought
Gold JE; Schwam L; Castella A; Pike SB; Opfell R; Zalusky R; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, Mount Sinai; School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003.
The development of malignant neoplasms in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with a positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody test is a well known phenomenon. According to the guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA), the presence of intermediate-grade or hi
Beck EJ; Donegan C; Kenny C; Cohen CS; Moss V; Terry P; Underhill GS; Jeffries DJ; Pinching AJ; Miller DL; et al; Academic Department of Public Health, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School.
Trends in the number of tests for HIV-1 antibody at a London sexually transmitted diseases clinic showed substantial changes between September 1985 and June 1988. From an average of 100 tests per month between September 1985 and August 1986, the average increased to 365 tests per month for September 1986 to August 198
van de Laar MJ; Pickering J; van den Hoek JA; van Griensven GJ; Coutinho RA; van de Water HP; TNO Institute of Preventive Health Care, Leiden, The Netherlands.
The national notification gonorrhoea data are analysed over the period 1976-88 in conjunction with detailed data from the two STD clinics in Amsterdam in order to get an insight into the underlying reasons for the downward trend of gonorrhoea in The Netherlands . Possible effec
Clarke J; Abram R; Monteiro EF; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, General Infirmary, Leeds,; UK.
A questionnaire was given to 56 sexually active girls 12-16 years old, in a juvenile assessment centre or attending a genitourinary medicine clinic. Sexual behaviour, drug use, contraceptive practice and knowledge and attitudes about AIDS were evaluated. The girls were similar in demographic characteristics from both
Meylan PR; Richman DD; Kornbluth RS; Department of Medicine, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Diego.
Strains of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) yield opaque and transparent colonial variants when cultivated in vitro. The transparent variants are more virulent than the opaque for animals, but little is known about the respective roles of these colonial variants in humans. To assess which variant infects humans,
Damrosch S; Abbey S; Warner A; Guy S; University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore 21201.
Two samples of critical care nurses (from a secular teaching hospital and a religious-affiliated community hospital, respectively) were compared on their attitudes, concerns, and knowledge regarding the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Nurses from the teaching hospital had significantly (p = 0.003) more favo
Shanson DC; Brown KE; Goonesekera S; Gazzard B; Coates AR; Department of Medical Microbiology, St Stephen's Hospital,; London.
Three hundred and ninety eight serum samples from 270 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody positive asymptomatic homosexual men were tested in the Abbott and Dupont HIV antigen ELISA tests. In the Abbott test 62 (16%) of the sera were positive, according to the manufacturer s instructions, compared with 55 (14%
Gregory N; Sanchez M; Buchness MR; Department of Dermatology, New York University Medical Center,; NY.
Five patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with unusual manifestations of syphilis are reported. The high prevalence of HIV seropositivity among our patients with syphilis, the rapid progression to tertiary disease, the increased severity of the clinical manifestations, inappropriate antibody r
J Med Virol. 1990 Apr;30(4):245-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90317543
Holmstrom P; Syrjanen S; Laine P; Valle SL; Suni J; Aurora Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Paired serum and saliva samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies. The study group included 36 individuals known to be HIV seropositive and 14 healthy, seronegative controls. HIV antibodies were detected in a
The current AIDS epidemic continues unabated. The steadily increasing number of HIV-infected persons in United States , and the prolonged latent period from time of infection to the development of clinical signs and symptoms, increase the likelihood of the undiagnosed patient arriving a
Dentistry along with other health care disciplines is evaluating infectious control procedures for the protection of patients and staff. The AIDS scare of the early 80s precipitated many concerns leading up to the practice changes reported in this article. The authors have collected survey data over a three-year perio
Paller AS; Sahn EE; Garen PD; Dobson RL; Chadwick EG; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Hospital of; Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60614.
We describe two children with human immunodeficiency virus infection in whom pyoderma gangrenosum developed. Although pyoderma gangrenosum most commonly occurs in children with inflammatory bowel disease, it has also been described in patients with a variety of immunodeficiencies. In such patients a vigorous search to
Golub EI; Li GG; Volsky DJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital; Center, New York, New York.
Two human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants derived from a single parental isolate were found to differ substantially in their ability to replicate in CD4-positive cells. Using transient chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression assays, we show that the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the better-replicat
Emini EA; Nara PL; Schleif WA; Lewis JA; Davide JP; Lee DR; Kessler J; Conley S; Matsushita S; Putney SD; et al; Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point,; Pennsylvania 19486.
This study was undertaken to establish whether antibody directed against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) principal gp120 type-specific neutralization determinant can abolish the infectivity of HIV-1 in chimpanzees. Challenge inocula of the IIIb virus isolate were mixed in vitro with either immunoglobul
Nara PL; Smit L; Dunlop N; Hatch W; Merges M; Waters D; Kelliher J; Gallo RC; Fischinger PJ; Goudsmit J; National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility,; Maryland 21701-1013.
Emergence in two chimpanzees of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) IIIB variants resistant to neutralization by the preexisting antibody is described. Viruses isolated from the HIV-1 IIIB gp120-vaccinated and -challenged animal were more resistant to neutralization by the chimpanzee s own serum than viruses i
L'age-Stehr J; Niedrig M; Gelderblom HR; Sim-Brandenburg JW; Urban-Schriefer M; Rieber EP; Haas JG; Riethmuller G; Ziegler-Heitbrock HW; Department of Virology, Robert Koch-Institut des; Bundesgesundheitsamtes, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
The recently established human monocytic cell line Mono Mac6 expressing distinct characteristics of mature monocytes/macrophages was tested for its susceptibility to infection with human immunodeficiency virus. Inoculation of the cells with the T-cell-tropic human immunodeficiency virus strains human T-lymphotropic vi
Sawada M; Suzumura A; Yoshida M; Marunouchi T; Division of Cell Biology, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan.
Transfection of the tax gene encoding the trans activator of human T-cell leukemia virus type I into glial line cells induced class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens on these cells. This occurred through the interaction of tax protein with the gene encoding class I MHC antigens but not through any solu
York-Higgins D; Cheng-Mayer C; Bauer D; Levy JA; Dina D; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates vary in their in vitro biologic characteristics such as cellular host range, replication kinetics, and cytopathicity. In this study, we molecularly exchanged equivalent regions between two cloned HIV-1 isolates with differing replicative and cytopathic properties. T
Leblanc JF; Cohen L; Rodrigues M; Hiscott J; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
This study demonstrates distinct virus-inducible enhanson properties for three regions of the human beta interferon (IFN-beta) promoter; maximum virus inducibility required syngerism among all three enhansons. Expression of the IRF-1 transcription factor differentially increased the expression of plasmids containing (
Marriott SJ; Lindholm PF; Brown KM; Gitlin SD; Duvall JF; Radonovich MF; Brady JN; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) trans activator, TAX1, interacts indirectly with a TAX1-responsive element, TRE-2, located at positions -117 to -163 in the viral long terminal repeat. This report describes the characterization of a 36-kilodalton (kDa) protein identified in HeLa nuclear extract
Peixinho ZF; Mendes NF; Longo IM; Moura NC; Hernandez HJ; Lacouture CL; Dines I; Coscina AL; Gonzaga AL; Giraldes PR; et al; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brasil.
The prevalence of HIV-1 antibodies in selected groups of individuals from Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo and Santos was determined retrospectively. These groups and respective prevalences were: hemophiliac patients from Rio de Janeiro (1983-1984) 98.0%; polytransfused hemodialysis patients from Sao Paulo (1985-1986) 3.0% a
Hamerschlak N; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Brazil.
Transfusion of blood and blood products range from 2 to 8% of the cases of AIDS. The identification of HIV viral agent and the appearance of tests designed to detect antibodies associated with mechanisms of autologous transfusions and inactivation of virus of clotting factors concentrates have contributed to decrease
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1990 Jun 30;134(26):1264-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90318473
Coutinho RA; Boer K; Schutte MF; van der Velde WJ; Mulder-Folkerts DK; van Doornum GJ; Gemeentelijke Geneeskundige en Gezondheidsdienst, sector; Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Amsterdam.
The HIV prevalence among pregnant women in 3 hospitals in Amsterdam was found to be 0.28% in 1988. As the population of these 3 hospitals is not representative of all pregnant women in Amsterdam, this study--which is done on a voluntary basis--in 1989 was slowly extended to all hospitals, clinics and practices of midw
Ito H; Harada R; Uchida Y; Odashiro K; Uozumi K; Yasumoto Y; Ohashi T; Yamashita W; Uematsu T; Hanada S; et al; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
A 64-year-old Japanese male patient with lupus nephritis associated with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) is described. Percutaneous renal biopsy demonstrated findings consistent with membranous lupus nephritis. To our knowledge, this is the first case of lupus nephritis complicated by ATL, suggesting that human T cell leu
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(14):5420-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90319124
Lawrence JB; Marselle LM; Byron KS; Johnson CV; Sullivan JL; Singer RH; Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester 01655.
Detection and subcellular localization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were investigated using sensitive high-resolution in situ hybridization methodology. Lymphocytes infected with HIV in vitro or in vivo were detected by fluorescence after hybridization with either biotin or digoxigenin-labeled probes. At 12 h
Gentili G; Wirz M; Collotti C; Vicari G; Sernicola L; Verani P; Pizzocolo G; Crovari P; Icardi G; Ortona L; et al; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma.
This paper reports the results of a study organized by the Istituto Superiore di Sanita (Rome, Italy ) and carried out in collaboration with several national laboratories. Its aim was to ascertain whether diagnostic kits for detecting anti-HIV antibodies in human serum can also be us
Jorgensen A; Shao J; Maselle S; Yangi E; Thomsen A; Matunda S; Bygbjerg I; Gotzsche P; Svendsen J; Skinhoj; et al; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
200 sera were tested for HIV antibodies with different tests in Tanzania . The results were interpreted by 5 different observers with different laboratory experience. There was considerable variation between observers and between testing methods. HIV-Chek was easiest to perform wi
Four HIV-2 and 8 HIV-1 infections were detected when serum specimens from 422 persons from high-endemic areas were examined with 6 different commercial ELISA tests. 41 specimens showed a positive result in at least one of the assays. 12 of these were confirmed as anti-HIV positive. One of the anti-HIV-2 specimens was
Thorsen S; Mathiesen LR; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen,; Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
The efficacy of fluconazole in doses ranging from 50 to 200 mg/day in controlling oropharyngeal candidiasis was retrospectively evaluated in 16 consecutive HIV-1-infected patients. 13 patients received fluconazole due to failure of treatment with ketoconazole, and among these 11 (84%) initially showed complete or part
Mangos JA; Doran T; Aranda-Naranjo B; Rodriguez-Escobar Y; Scott A; Setzer JR; South Texas Children's AIDS Center, Department of Pediatrics,; University of Texas Health Science, San Antonio 78284-7802.
There is no question that the domain of the American family has been invaded by the HIV infection/AIDS epidemic. The disease, and particularly its form affecting children (pediatric AIDS), has had marked psychosocial impact on patients and families (intellectual/cognitive, emotional/behavioral, spiritual, and financia
Okamoto T; Benter T; Josephs SF; Sadaie MR; Wong-Staal F; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The mechanism of trans-acting regulation of transcription from the long terminal repeat (LTR) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been investigated. The roles of the cis-acting elements within HIV LTR, as well as the trans-acting factors present in HIV-infected cells, have been evaluated by an in vitro transcrip
Spire B; Hirsch I; Neuveut C; Sire J; Chermann JC; Unite de Recherches INSERM sur les Retrovirus et Maladies; Associees U322, Campus Universitaire de Luminy, Marseille,; France.
HIV1-NDK is a Zairian HIV1 isolate which is unique because of its high cytopathic effect on T lymphoblastoid cell lines. Its sequence analysis has indicated 30% divergence with HIV1-LAV/BRU HTLVIII B prototype in the env gene encoding for the envelope glycoprotein gp120. In order to correlate the highly cytopathic pro
Hirsch I; Spire B; Tsunetsugu-Yokota Y; Neuveut C; Sire J; Chermann JC; Unite de Recherches Inserm sur les Retrovirus et Maladies; Associees, U 322, Campus Universitaire de Luminy, Marseille,; France.
The growth properties of molecular clones of a highly cytopathic Zairian HIV1-NDK and prototype viruses were compared to correlate genetic variations with biological changes. The cloned HIV1-NDK retained the highly replicating cytopathic phenotype and formed larger syncytia than the prototype. One of the major differe
Valentin A; Albert J; Fenyo EM; Asjo B; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
We have investigated the replicative capacity of 14 primary HIV-1 isolates in cultures of normal blood macrophages and PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). All viruses could infect normal macrophages as demonstrated by either reverse transcriptase (RT) activity, p24 antigen assay, or cocultivation
Grody WW; Cheng L; Lewis W; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA School of; Medicine 90024-1732.
Heart muscle disease in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), characterized by electrocardiographic changes or congestive cardiomyopathy, is a documented clinical problem, but its pathogenesis is obscure. In AIDS the heart is known to be involved by a variety of opportunistic infections as well as Kaposi s s
Walts AE; Shintaku IP; Said JW; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai; Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048.
Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus are prone to a wide variety of lymphoproliferative disorders. In these patients the clinical presentation of malignant lymphoma often overlaps with that of benign lymphoid proliferations. Both may include lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, blood and bone marrow dyscrasia
In order to monitor accurately trends in disease incidence, it is necessary to account for delays in the reporting of cases to central registries. The objective of the paper is to develop simple methods for the analysis of reporting delays in order to identify the main sources of heterogeneity and to adjust reported d
Aust N Z J Med. 1990 Jun;20(3):257-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90321195
Summers QA; Helprin GA; Tarala RA; French MA; Royal Perth Hospital, Australia.
Pneumatocoele and pneumothorax are uncommon complications of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. We report a patient with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome who developed multiple bilateral pneumatocoeles which we demonstrate to have ruptured leading to the subsequent bilateral tension pneumothoraces and to death. Th
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 1990 Mar;2(1):79-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90290676
Pearlstein G
This article has provided an overview of the effects of HIV on renal function. Most transmission of the virus occurs by sexual, blood, and perinatal contact. CD-4 positive cells, especially those that are integral components of the immune system, serve as the reservoir for the reproduction of the virus. The resulting
Mancel E; Huet-Ernould F; Hugues P; Castier P; Noachovitch B
The incidence of syphilitic uveitis is reportedly increasing, up to 1% uveitis in general, with often polymorphic and atypical manifestations. Three cases of syphilitic uveitis are reported here, at different stages (secondary, latent, late). The bacteriologic sterilization is often unlikely in ocular syphilis, and re
Poli G; Bressler P; Kinter A; Duh E; Timmer WC; Rabson A; Justement JS; Stanley S; Fauci AS; Laboratories of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy; and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
The immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) directly upregulates production of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in acutely as well as in chronically infected cells of monocytic lineage. In addition, IL-6 synergizes with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the induction of latent HIV expression. Unlike
Pomerantz RJ; Feinberg MB; Trono D; Baltimore D; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge,; Massachusetts 02142.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) potently stimulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1-long terminal repeat (HIV-1-LTR) CAT constructs transfected into monocyte/macrophage-like cell lines but not a T cell line. This effect appears to be mediated through the induction of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B). Electrophoretic m
Husson RN; Comeau AM; Hoff R; Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, National; Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Telzak EE; Cote RJ; Gold JW; Campbell SW; Armstrong D; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, New York 10021.
A case of disseminated infection with Pneumocystis carinii is presented, and the English-language literature is reviewed for cases of documented extrapulmonary infection with this organism. In this case--with P. carinii diffusely replacing the bone marrow and causing hepatic, adrenal, and glomerular tuft necrosis--the
Ma P; Visvesvara GS; Martinez AJ; Theodore FH; Daggett PM; Sawyer TK; St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center, New York.
Infections caused by small, free-living amebas are still unfamiliar to many clinicians, pathologists, and laboratorians. As of 31 July 1989, more than 140 cases of primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri and more than 40 cases of granulomatous amebic encephalitis caused by Acanthamoeba species (
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1990 Jun 2;120(22):833-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90295991
Gallot-Lavallee-Villars S; Romagnoli A; de Peyer R; Loizeau E; Division de gastroenterologie, Hopital cantonal universitaire,; Geneve.
Biliary complications have recently been reported in patients with AIDS. This may take the form of acalculous cholecystitis or more commonly cholangitis, which may or may not be associated with stenosis of the papilla. These conditions must be sought in patients presenting with right hypochondrial pain and elevated al
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990;587:113-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90297457
Cunningham-Rundles S; Bockman RS; Lin A; Giardina PV; Hilgartner MW; Caldwell-Brown D; Carter DM; New York Hospital, Cornell University Medical Center, New York,; New York 10021.
A longitudinal study of different parameters of the immune responses to Toxoplasma gondii was performed with sera of AIDS patients taken during and after clinically important Toxoplasma infections. Follow-up of patients lasted for 9 months on an average. The titres of the specific IgG and IgM antibodies were measured
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):607-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298077
Margalith M; Sarov B; Sarov I; Rinaldo C; Detels R; Phair J; Kaslow R; Ginsberg H; Saah A; Virology Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University; of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
A longitudinal study of serum IgG and IgA antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen (VCA) was carried out in 218 homosexual men at various stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The serum samples tested were obtained from the following groups: 24 HIV seroconverters, 41 persisten
At the end of October 1988, more than 75,000 adults and more than 1000 children had been reported with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); more than half of those diagnosed have died. Most adult cases fall into specific risk categories: homosexual and bisexual men, intravenous drug abusers, hemophiliacs and tra
Friedland G; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert; Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467.
There are only three known routes of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): (1) exposure to blood via transfusion, sharing of contaminated needles by drug abusers, occupational needle stick or blood spill, unsterile needle injections; (2) sexual transmission; (3) perinatal exposure. There is no eviden
Wells KH; Poiesz BJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY-HSC, Syracuse; 13210.
The general physical characteristics and replication of retroviruses are considered, along with assays for viral products. The specific agent for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is characterized as a lentivirus causing persistent, lifelong infection. While human immunodefici
Rabson AB; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may result in a spectrum of disease ranging from asymptomatic seropositivity to the development of profound immunodeficiency. Features of the HIV life cycle may explain aspects of the pathogenesis of HIV-induced disease. The tropism of HIV for CD4+ cells of both lymp
Essex M; Kanki PJ; Marlink R; Chou MJ; Lee TH; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
As more is learned about the human immunodeficiency viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2, increasingly sophisticated methods of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treatment and prevention may be implemented. Integral to an understanding of these viruses is an analysis of both the viral antigens and the host-immune responses
Stingl G; Rappersberger K; Tschachler E; Gartner S; Groh V; Mann DL; Wolff K; Popovic M; Department of Dermatology I, University of Vienna Medical School,; Austria.
The skin-specific immune surveillance system protects against invading microorganisms and transformed cells expressing tumor-specific neoantigens. This system includes antigen-presenting Langerhans cells, dermal and epidermal T lymphocytes, cytokine-producing keratinocytes, and draining peripheral lymph nodes. In pati
Abrams DI; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
The ability to recognize disease related to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and subsequent acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has improved in recent years with refinement of laboratory techniques. Because of this progress, several clinical conditions can now be identified as pre-AIDS syndromes. These inc
Prose NS; Department of Medicine (Dermatology), Duke University Medical; Center, Durham, NC 27710.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children has emerged as a major, rapidly growing public health problem. The majority of children become infected by perinatal transmission of the virus from an infected mother. The disease is frequently associated with progressive neurologic dysfunction and with opportun
Gabuzda DH; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 02114.
At least 60% of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) develop neurologic disorders. These may be the direct result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, opportunistic infections, neoplastic disorders, or cerebrovascular complications. Neurologic diseases associated with HIV infection
Friedman-Kien AE; Saltzman BR; Department of Dermatology and Microbiology, New York University; Medical Center, NY 10016.
Kaposi s sarcoma, first described in 1972, is a rare, chronic neoplasm that occurs most often in elderly men of Eastern European origin. In the mid-twentieth century, more aggressive forms of Kaposi s sarcoma were found to be an endemic disease especially common among young black men in central Africa. Kaposi s sarcom
Haverkos HW; Friedman-Kien AE; Drotman DP; Morgan WM; Clinical Medicine Branch, NIDA, Rockville, MD 20857.
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), the most common cancer in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), occurs predominantly in homosexual men. However, the percentage of homosexual AIDS patients with KS has declined during the past 6 years. This and other findings suggest that one or more cofactors associated with
Myskowski PL; Straus DJ; Safai B; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY 10021.
The immunodeficient state that evolves in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) appears to increase their risk of certain types of cancer. Among these are primary lymphoma of the central nervous system, undifferentiated non-Hodgkin s lymphoma , squamous cell c
Cockerell CJ; Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9072.
The skin is commonly affected in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoal infections and ectoparasitic infestations may affect the skin primarily or secondarily in this patient population. In addition, common inflammatory dermatoses may be severe and persisten
Mitsuya H; Yarchoan R; Hayashi S; Broder S; Division of Cancer Treatment National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be suppressed in vivo by drugs chosen on the basis of their selective in vitro antiviral activity. Such suppression can confer prolonged survival and improved quality of life in patients with already established HIV infection. The clinical benefits indicate tha
Becker Y; Department of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew; University of Jerusalem, Israel.
The spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in man has accentuated the need for an effective drug against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The inability of devising a vaccine to stop the spread of the virus and its ability to damage the immune response in infected individuals has increased the need
Samson J; Division de Stomatologie et Chirurgie orale, Universite de; Geneve.
Oral candidiasis, an opportunistic infection increasingly often met, includes many clinical aspects where oral thrush is the best known. The etiology is often iatrogenic but candidiasis also represents the most frequent opportunistic infection in HIV infection. To avoid recurre
Science. 1990 Jun 29;248(4963):1650-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M34079
Nelbock P; Dillon PJ; Perkins A; Rosen CA; Department of Molecular Oncology and Virology, Roche Institute of; Molecular Biology, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ 07110.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tat protein (Tat) is a positive regulator of virus gene expression and replication. Biotinylated Tat was used as a probe to screen a lambda gt11 fusion protein library, and a complementary DNA encoding a protein that interacts with Tat was cloned. Expression of this protein, desi
Am J Hematol. 1990 Jul;34(3):215-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90302736
Ratner L; Vander Heyden N; Paine E; Frei-Lahr D; Brown R; Petruska P; Reddy S; Lairmore MD; Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; 63110.
Clinical and laboratory data are described for two siblings who both developed adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma resulting from infection by human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). These findings suggest that genetic factors or virus-specific factors may determine which HTLV-I-infected individuals will develop leukem
A rapid sensitive method for the quantification of in vitro HIV-protease activity has been developed on the basis of the endoproteolytic conversion of N-Dns-SQ-NYPIV to N-Dns-SQNY. The use of the N-dansyl group as a fluorescence label was shown to not significantly alter the apparent kinetic parameters for the peptide
De Girolami U; Smith TW; Henin D; Hauw JJ; Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester.
This review attempts to assess critically the literature on the neuropathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in light of our experience with 172 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who underwent extensive postmortem examinations of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The neuropathologic ma
Int J Med Microbiol. 1990 May;273(1):52-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303500
Weyer J; Eggers HJ; Mathematisches Institut, Universitat zu Koln.
The reported AIDS cases in the USA and the Federal Republic of Germany are growing almost exponentially. Considering the epidemiological curves for different risk groups (homosexual men, i.v. drug abusers, heterosexual partners etc.) it is extremely surprising, that nearly exactly
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):721-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303964
Pal R; Reitz MS Jr; Tschachler E; Gallo RC; Sarngadharan MG; Veronese FD; Department of Cell Biology, Advanced BioScience Laboratories,; Inc., Kensington, Maryland 20895.
The gag proteins of HIV-1 are modified by the addition of myristic acid to the amino terminal glycine residue. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to construct a mutant of HIV-1 in which this glycine residue was changed to an alanine. Upon transfection into cos-1 cells, the mutant genome directed the synthesis of the f
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):775-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303969
Coutlee F; Yang BZ; Bobo L; Mayur K; Yolken R; Viscidi R; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
An enzyme immunoassay was developed to detect human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR-EIA). A set of primers (outer set) was used in PCR to amplify a segment of the HIV-1 gag gene from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Hybrids between the amplified DNA and a RNA pr
The incidence of HIV infection continues to increase in the United States especially among injection drug users and women. HIV is a retrovirus that infects selected cells in the immune system and under certain conditions replicates and forms new virus capable of infecting other host ce
Anderson KC; Soiffer R; DeLage R; Takvorian T; Freedman AS; Rabinowe SL; Nadler LM; Dear K; Heflin L; Mauch P; et al; Division of Tumor Immunology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115.
Fourteen patients with T-cell-derived leukemia and lymphoma underwent high-dose chemoradiotherapy and anti-T-cell monoclonal antibody-treated autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). All patients were either in sensitive relapse or had adverse prognostic features, and five patients had a history of bone marrow i
Bull World Health Organ. 1990;68(2):185-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90305007
Keeley DJ; Nkrumah FK; Kapuyanyika C; Chitungwiza General Hospital, Zimbabwe.
Reported are the results of a randomized trial of sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim versus procaine penicillin for the outpatient treatment of pneumonia in 614 children aged 3 months to 12 years at primary health care clinics in Chitungwiza, a large town near Harare, Zimbabwe . Diag
Bull World Health Organ. 1990;68(2):251-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90305016
von Reyn CF; Mann JM; Chin J; Global Programme on AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland.
Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a worldwide problem, its prevalence and pattern vary from country to country. Accordingly, the risk to international travellers of acquiring HIV infection also varies widely in different parts of the world, and depends principally on their behaviour. The risk of
Segal GH; Tubbs RR; Ratliff NB; Miller ML; Longworth DL; Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, One Clinic; Center, Ohio 44195.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) has only recently been documented in association with human immunodeficiency virus infection. The authors present the clinical, laboratory, and pathologic features of a unique case of secondary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura occurring in a patient with AIDS, including the
Pathogenesis of Granuloma Annulare is not resolved. In some Authors opinion it is caused by an allergic granulomatous reaction to an unknown dermal antigen. Presence of Granuloma Annulare in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection questions this hypothesis. We present two cases of such association
Samlaska CP; James WD; Dermatology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center.
Secondary hypercoagulable states are complex clinical conditions associated with an increased risk of thrombosis in which the exact pathophysiology is poorly understood. Secondary causes of superficial thrombophlebitis include malignancy, pregnancy, use of oral contraceptives, infusion of prothrombin complex concentra
Szaniawski WK; Don PC; Bitterman SR; Schachner JR; New York Medical College, Valhalla.
Seven cases of a distinctive vascular proliferation in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are discussed and compared with other reported cases. All cases share clinical and pathologic manifestations that can be recognized early. Warthin-Starry-positive bacilli within some of the lesions and their respons
Maeda K; Takahashi M; Takatsuka N; Miyazawa H; Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical College, Japan.
Six cases of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), differing from classical mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS), were studied. Initial skin eruptions were erythematoplaques, papules and tumors. Some cases showed frequent spontaneous regressions without any specific therapy; however, the prognosis was not alway
Cras P; Gheuens J; Lubke U; Boons J; Vandermeeren M; Van Heuverswijn H; Martin JJ; Laboratory of Neuropathology, Born Bunge Foundation, University; of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
A monoclonal antibody (MAb), termed AMC30, was raised after in vitro immunization with sonicated neurofibrillary tangle (NFT)-enriched fractions prepared from Alzheimer s brain. The antigen to which AMC30 is directed was expressed by microglial cells in senile plaques of Alzheimer s disease (AD). Microglia in the pare
Guy B; Acres B; Kieny MP; Lecocq JP; Transgene S.A., Strasbourg, France.
The nef gene has been reported to be a silencer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transcription that requires the presence of the negative regulatory element (NRE) located at the 5 end of the HIV long terminal repeat (LTR) to exert its negative effect. We have examined nuclear extracts from human, nontransformed
Murachi T; Department of Clinical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto; University Faculty of Medicine.
Calpain is a Ca2(+)-dependent cysteine endopeptidase and calpastatin is a calpain-specific endogenous inhibitor protein. Both calpain and calpastatin are very widely distributed in various animal tissues and cells. Low (microM) Ca2(+)-requiring calpain I and high (mM) Ca2(+)-requiring calpain II are known to exist. Ca
Kannagi M; Department of Medical Virology, Kumamoto University Medical; School.
A long asymptomatic period is one of the characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). How actively HIV replicates in vivo and what controls viral replication during this period remains to be clarified. Proviral DNA integrated into the cellular DNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) is not completely silen
Kanoh T; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto; University.
This article provides an overview of the clinical presentations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, including some of the early and less severe diseases, such as acute HIV infection, persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complex (ARC), and full-
Sakurabayashi I; Matsuda J; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Omiya Medical Center Jichi; Medical School.
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-I infection can be detected by the presence of HIV antigen, antibody to HIV, or gene of HIV itself in patient s blood. There are a considerable number of such antibody detecting methods (first generation) commercially available, but even the first was introduced in only mid-1985. The
Med Trop (Mars). 1990 Jan-Mar;50(1):103-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90309561
Charmot G; Coulaud JP; Institut de Medecine et d'Epidemiologie africaines, Hopital; Bichat, Paris, France.
Chloroquine is currently the drug of choice for treatment of acute attacks of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in chloroquine-sensitive areas. In areas of low level resistance, this drug may still be used (25 mg/kg of body weight in three days) in semi-immune patients. In case of failure, or in areas of high level resist
Sharpe AH; Hunter JJ; Chassler P; Jaenisch R; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts; Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02142.
Retroviruses are involved in several human neurological diseases with varying pathological features. Whether these diseases are due to a direct effect of the virus on nervous system cells is unknown. To gain insight into the pathogenesis of one retroviral neurological disease, we are studying the murine neurotropic re
Kerley LJ; Adult School of Nursing, East Tennessee State University, Johnson; City.
AIDS is a crisis that has been imposed on an imperfect healthcare system. The flaws are easy to recognize but difficult to treat. Difficult choices about who pays for the medical care for AIDS patients will be made by upper-class and upper middle-class policymakers who are influenced by their own sense of vulnerabilit
Sarosi GA; Department of Internal Medicine, Maricopa Medical Center,; Phoenix, AZ 85008.
Amphotericin B (Fungizone) remains the cornerstone of antifungal therapy because of its broad-spectrum fungicidal activity and rapid onset of action. Ketoconazole (Nizoral) and the new triazoles are welcome additions to the therapeutic armamentarium but do not replace amphotericin B. Adverse side effects of amphoteric
39 fibre-bronchoscopic examinations were performed prospectively in 29 AIDS-patients with pneumonia. Specimens were obtained from the central bronchial system with a protected brush and by suction, from the infiltrated peripheral area by catheter suction, protected brush, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and transbronchia
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(13):5079-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90311346
Pearson L; Garcia J; Wu F; Modesti N; Nelson J; Gaynor R; Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles; School of Medicine 90024.
Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene expression is dependent on specific regulatory regions in the long terminal repeat. These regions include the enhancer, SP1, TATA, and trans-activating (TAR) regions. In addition, viral regulatory proteins such as tat and rev are important in regulating HIV gene ex
Parotid gland are subdivided in malformative dysgenetic cysts and in acquired cysts. Among malformative cysts, lymphoepithelial cysts so-called branchial cysts are the most frequent. Histologically the cystic cavity is lined by squamous epithelium with various amounts of underlying lymphoid tissue. Other varieties of
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1990 Jun 30;120(26):972-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90312121
April K; Schreiner W; AIDS-Aufklarung Schweiz.
In several countries the condom is recommended as the most important protection against HIV infection, although there is no proof that the condom is effective against sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Prior to the HIV epidemic the condom was used to prevent pregnancy and to decrease the risk of STD. To prevent a de
Schopper D; International Health Programs, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
This paper reviews achievements of past and current research on AIDS interventions in developing countries, and identifies three major issues. (1) Several areas of research have been severely neglected, namely transmission from mother to infant, the impact of treating curable STD and transmission in health care settin
A survey is presented of the views and opinions in the literature on renal diseases in AIDS. Particular attention is paid to acute renal failure, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome and management of patients treated with dialyses and renal transplantation.
Z Hautkr. 1990 Apr;65(4):351-4, 357. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313098
Rasokat H; Universitats-Hautklinik Koln.
In parenteral drug abuse, cutaneous manifestations are very common. A variety of skin lesions are indicators of a possible drug addiction: obliteration of peripheral veins and hyperpigmentation of the overlying skin, punched-out scars due to subcutaneous injection, persistent edema following thrombophlebitis, and exco
Seney FD Jr; Burns DK; Silva FG; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas 75235-8856.
Initial autopsy studies concerned primarily with the systemic manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) did not indicate that significant renal problems were likely to occur in AIDS patients. However, several recent studies have suggested that important renal and electrolyte disorders develop fre
Fernandez A; Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables,; Florida 33124.
We predict the metastable secondary structure for the CAR (cis anti-repressor sequence) which is active in the regulation of the interaction with the Rev protein of HIV-1. We prove that the active structure sustained between nts 7364 and 7559 of the env RNA is the most probable metastable structure whose formation is
Grant SM; Clissold SP; ADIS Drug Information Services, Auckland, New Zealand.
Fluconazole is a bis-triazole antifungal drug with novel pharmacokinetic properties (metabolic stability, relatively high water solubility) which contribute to its therapeutic activity. Clinical experience is limited to a relatively small number of mycoses and, as might be expected at this early stage of development,
EMBO J. 1990 Aug;9(8):2537-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90316112
Yoshimura T; Fujisawa J; Yoshida M; Department of Viral Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
A trans-activator protein, p40tax, of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) activates its own promoter and cellular promoters of IL-2 , IL-2 receptor alpha and GM-CSF genes. We isolated three cDNA clones encoding cellular proteins that bind to the p40tax-dependent
Centromeric instability of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 has been described in eight patients with variable immunodeficiency. Although the pathogenetic relationship of these cytogenetic abnormalities with the clinical symptoms are unclear, it has nevertheless been proposed that they are a hallmark of this syndrome. Based o
Singer P; Askanazi J; Akiva L; Bursztein S; Kvetan V; General Intensive Care Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa.
The number of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) admitted to hospitals is increasing dramatically. Treatments such as zidovudine, aerosolized pentamidine, and nutritional support are being administered to subacutely ill patients with increasing effectiveness. The number of patients with AIDS t
Callahan JD; Constantine NT; Watts DM; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 (A World Health; Organization Collaborating Center for AIDS), Cairo, Egypt.
Felber BK; Drysdale CM; Pavlakis GN; National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and; Development Center, Basic Research Program, Maryland 21701-1013.
Rev is an essential regulatory protein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that affects the transport and half-life of certain viral mRNAs. Rev exerts its function via a unique element, the Rev-responsive element (RRE), located within the env region of HIV-1. It has been previously demonstrated that Rev
Partin K; Krausslich HG; Ehrlich L; Wimmer E; Carter C; Department of Microbiology, State University of New York, Stony; Brook 11794.
Proteolytic processing of the gag/pol precursor by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteinase is essential for the production of infectious viral particles. Although the sites of virus-specific cleavages have been determined, the primary amino acid sequences surrounding these sites are heterogeneous and the de
Jameel S; Siddiqui A; Maguire HF; Rao KV; Virology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and; Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
The hepatitis B virus X gene product trans activates transcription from a variety of viral and cellular regulatory elements. We expressed the complete, nonfused X protein in Escherichia coli and showed it to be active in trans activating a human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat-linked chloramphenicol acetyl
Schmidt A; Hennighausen L; Siebenlist U; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Cyclosporin A (CsA) is thought to exert its immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting the expression of a distinct set of lymphokine genes which are induced upon T-cell activation, among them the gene coding for interleukin-2. In addition, the activation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is partially suppressed.
Cefali FE; Warren Grant Magnusen Clinical Center, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Md.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects not only the physiological integrity of an individual but their psychological as well. The psychosocial aspects of HIV infection are varied and may be manifested in different behaviors and emotions specific to the stage of infection. These psychosocial aspe
Rosenblatt JD; Zack JA; Chen IS; Lee H; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine.
The human T-cell leukemia viruses type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of neoplastic and neurological disorders. Classical techniques for detection involve assay of serum for antibodies by Western blotting or ELISA, which do not discriminate between infection with
Trainin N; Department of Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science,; Rehovot, Israel.
Research performed in our laboratory has established that thymic humoral factor (THF), a peptide hormone isolated from calf thymus, leads to clonal expansion, differentiation and maturation of T-cell lymphocytes. THF augments the response to T-cell lectins, mixed lymphocyte reactions, graft-versus-host reactivity, ant
Types 4 and 7 adenovirus are currently used as live, oral vaccines for the prevention of adenovirus respiratory disease in military recruits. These vaccine strains have been genetically engineered in order to express HIV-1 or HBV antigens in infected cells. A dog model was developed to evaluate the immunogenicity of t
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(14):5573-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90319154
Baum EZ; Bebernitz GA; Gluzman Y; Molecular Biology Section, Lederle Laboratories, American; Cyanamid Company, Pearl River, NY 10965.
The protease encoded by the pol gene of human immunodeficiency virus was expressed in Escherichia coli and found to be toxic to strain BL21(DE3). This toxicity provided a convenient selection for isolating mutants of the protease that are nontoxic and enzymatically inactive. This strong correlation between functional
Prim Care. 1990 Jun;17(2):365-401. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90319286
Halvorsen JG; Department of Family Practice & Community Health, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis.
The oral cavity is an area of the human body that is often given only cursory surveillance by primary care physicians. In this article, I have discussed a comprehensive approach for collecting subjective and objective data from the patient that is pertinent to oral conditions. Most common and critical problems have be
Cavalli G; Lopez S; Franzetti F; Amprimo MC; Ronchi P; Cinque P; Rivera P; Gaido PC; Lazzarin A; Laboratorio di Analisi, Ospedale S. Giovanni Bosco, Torino.
The serum levels of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m) were determined in 80 intravenous drug addicts (IVDA) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), in 128 HIV-positive IVDA with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) and in 44 HIV-seronegative IVDA. Seventy-two out of 80 (90%) AIDS patients had elevated se
Ollar RA; Dale JW; Felder MS; Favate A; Department of Neurology, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical; Centre, New York, New York 10011.
Paraffin-wax utilisation or baiting of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) complex organisms and other atypical mycobacteria and the inability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to utilise paraffin are known and useful if forgotten facts. Strains of possible AIDS-related MAI have been introduced into Czapek broth de
S Afr Med J. 1990 Jun 16;77(12):619-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296192
Sacho H; Schoub BD; Department of Experimental, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg.
A protocol for the management of health care personnel after exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus in the workplace is set out. The use of zidovudine is advocated, although sufficient evidence for its use in these circumstances is lacking. Recommendations for zidovudine chemoprophylaxis, including dosage regime
Bermudez LE; Young LS; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases, Medical; Research Institute of San Francisco Pacific Presbyterian Medical; Center 94115-1896.
Organisms belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are associated with life-threatening bacteremia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). As these organisms survive within macrophages, we examined the ability of recombinant human granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF
Public Health Rep. 1990 May-Jun;105(3):307-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90295601
Salive ME; Vlahov D; Brewer TF; Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD.
An association between past exposure to tuberculosis (TB) and infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was investigated using a case-control design among a 6-week sample of 698 male inmates consecutively admitted to the Maryland State prison system. Based on Mantoux testing and measurement of anti-HI
Motyl MR; Saltzman B; Levi MH; McKitrick JC; Friedland GH; Klein RS; Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert; Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
The ability of the nonradiometric BACTEC NR 660 aerobic 6A blood culture medium to support mycobacterial growth was investigated. During a 19-month period blood cultures from 140 AIDS patients were sent to the microbiology laboratory. After the cultures were incubated for seven days, aliquots of medium from the vials
Bryan JP; Hira SK; Brady W; Luo N; Mwale C; Mpoko G; Krieg R; Siwiwaliondo E; Reichart C; Waters C; et al; Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed; Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; 20814.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains resistant to treatment with penicillin, tetracycline, and/or spectinomycin are increasing in prevalence in many parts of the world. In Zambia , 52% of N. gonorrhoeae isolates produced beta-lactamase in 1986. Few oral regimens have proven effective for t
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):617-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298078
Srivastava BI; Gonzales C; Loftus R; Fitzpatrick JE; Saxinger CW; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Memorial; Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263.
We used enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and Western blotting, with purified human T-cell leukemia virus I (HTLV-I), to test for HTLV-I antibodies in 2583 plasma samples from 1053 leukemia/lymphoma patients treated at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, mostly between 1972 and 1984, and in 110 sera samples from
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):673-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298083
Borkowsky W; Krasinski K; Moore T; Papaevangelou V; New York University Medical Center, NY 10016.
Lymphocytes derived from children and adults infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), as well as from seronegative children and adults, were tested for their ability to proliferate in response to recombinant HIV envelope (env) and core (cor) peptides. Proliferative responses to env were seen in 9% of co
Griffin DE; McArthur JC; Cornblath DR; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
We have measured levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and soluble CD8 (sCD8) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 127 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and 51 HIV-seronegative individuals. Serum levels of sIL-2R and sCD8 were higher in HIV+ than in HIV- individuals. HIV+ individuals wer
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Jun 29;169(3):1111-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303298
Grobelny D; Wondrak EM; Galardy RE; Oroszlan S; Department of Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington; 40536.
The phosphinic acid isosteres of di-, tetra- and hexapeptides containing a hydrophobic amino acid side chains at the P1-P 1 positions are powerful inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus protease. Ki s ranged from 0.4 nM to 26 microM at pH 6.5 and were lower at pH 4.5. The compounds showed no activity against tryps
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):795-804. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303971
Berger EA; Chaudhary VK; Clouse KA; Jaraquemada D; Nicholas JA; Rubino KL; Fitzgerald DJ; Pastan I; Moss B; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
The present study describes several in vitro activities of CD4(178)-PE40, a recombinant protein containing a portion of human CD4 linked to active regions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. Using assays for cell viability, we demonstrate that the hybrid toxin displays highly selective cytotoxicity for HIV-infected
Brettler DB; Alter HJ; Dienstag JL; Forsberg AD; Levine PH; Medical Center of Central Massachusetts-Memorial, Worcester; 01605.
One hundred thirty-one patients followed at the New England Hemophilia Center (Worcester, MA) were tested for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV). All but two had used factor concentrate that had not undergone viral inactivation; two patients had used only cryoprecipitate. The overall prevalence of HCV antibody positi
Can Med Assoc J. 1990 Jul 15;143(2):101-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90304699
Zowall H; Fraser RD; Gilmore N; Deutsch A; Grover S; Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Montreal General Hospital, PQ.
To assess the economic impact of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) antibody screening among potential immigrants on Canada s health care system we estimated the costs and benefits of such screening among the 160 135 immigrants who entered Canada in 1988 using the in-hospital costs of treating AIDS (acquired immune de
Thirteen semiconstrained total knee arthroplasties (TKA) were performed in nine men with classic hemophilia. The average age at surgery was 38 years, the average Factor VIII administration during hospitalization was 84.222 units, and the average hospitalization time was 33 days. Four patients (44%) died during the obs
Emilie D; Peuchmaur M; Maillot MC; Crevon MC; Brousse N; Delfraissy JF; Dormont J; Galanaud P; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U131,; Hopital A Beclere, Clamart, France.
To document the in vivo interactions occurring between the immune system and HIV replicating cells, we analyzed using in situ hybridization the production of IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-2 , and INF-gamma in eight hyperplastic lymph nodes from HIV-1 infected patients. Numerous I
Soderholm AL; Lindqvist C; Heikinheimo K; Forssell K; Happonen RP; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University; Central Hospital, Finland.
Non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL) presenting through oral symptoms are rare. Between 1976 and 1987, a total of 17 cases (7 male, 10 female) were diagnosed in our departments. The first symptom was an intraoral tumour mass in 9 cases, loosening of teeth in 2 cases and paraesthesia in another 2. Most tumours (13/17) were lo
Richman DD; Grimes JM; Lagakos SW; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego.
Ninety-seven isolates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from 73 individuals were assayed for susceptibility to zidovudine ( AZT ). All isolates from 41 individuals with no known therapy with zidovudine were uniformly susceptible to the drug in vitro
Mil Med. 1990 May;155(5):195-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90310210
Hoffman KJ
The decision to engage in mandatory HIV testing of active duty military personnel and all applicants was done with the idea that the test was good and that medical technology should be used whenever available and feasible. This addresses but half of the aspects of a good test program and runs contrary to standards pra
M. avium-complex (MAC) is the cause of the most bacterial infections in AIDS patients. Because of the high resistance of MAC, a rapid differentiation between M. tuberculosis and MAC is of great interest. In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) we tested three monoclonal antibodies BS 103, BS 104, BS 113 and th
Infections with M. tuberculosis and other mycobacteria (atypical mycobacteria) are frequently found in patients with AIDS. They are almost always disseminated, and are associated with a spectrum of findings that is often unhelpful for the diagnosis. In the case of tuberculosis, typical granulomas are a major finding.
The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of rifabutin for M. tuberculosis was 0.006 to 0.06 micrograms/ml, and 0.12 to 0.25 micrograms/l for clofazimine. Accordingly, M. tuberculosis is inhibited by concentrations of these two medications that are far lower than the levels normally found in the serum. In the case of
Am J Hematol. 1990 Aug;34(4):262-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313671
Jason J; Holman RC; Evatt BL; National AIDS Information and Education Program, Centers for; Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
We evaluated those members of a cohort of 203 hemophilic men providing all necessary information at their 1984 and 1985 evaluations, to determine whether non-heated or less than 80 degrees C dry heat-treated partially purified factor products were associated with 1) the development of AIDS in human immunodeficiency vi
Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):967-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90313910
Holman RC; Gomperts ED; Jason JM; Abildgaard CF; Zelasky MT; Evatt BL; Division of Immunologic, Oncologic, and Hematologic Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Thirteen hemophilia centers provide comprehensive care to approximately 90 percent of persons with hemophilia in California. For 1987, these centers reported patient human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody status, age group, level of clotting factor deficiency, and hemophilia type on 1,438 persons with hemophilia
Mulder JW; Krijnen P; Goudsmit J; Schattenkerk JK; Reiss P; Lange JM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Amsterdam.
The time of survival in 176 AIDS patients was investigated in relation to the presence or absence of HIV-1 p24 antigenaemia at the moment of diagnosis. The median time of survival in p24 antigen positive patients was 12 months, in p24 antigen negative patients it was 13 months; no difference in survival curves was fou
Gayle JA; Selik RM; Chu SY; Division of HIV/AIDS, Center for Infectious Diseases.
Surveillance systems indicate that the most documented human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases among children and women of childbearing age in the United States occur among black and Hispanic populations. Intravenous-drug use (I
Rev Prat. 1990 Jun 21;40(18):1631-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90319707
Trepo C; Service d'hepatogastroenterologie, hopital Hotel-Dieu, Lyon.
After 15 years of unsuccessful efforts, the most frequent of hepatitis non-A non-B viruses has just been identified and called hepatitis C virus (HCV). The viral genome had been sequenced by an original and direct molecular biology method before the agent could be detected serologically or at electron microscopy. HCV
Berntorp E; Christensen P; Lindvall K; Department of Coagulation Disorders, University of Lund, Malmo; General Hospital, Sweden.
In order to evaluate the risk of HIV transmission to sexual and non-sexual contacts to seropositive haemophiliacs, HIV antibodies, p24 antigen, immunoglobulin levels and lymphocyte subsets were analyzed in a cohort of Swedish haemophiliac families to 19 patients who seroconverted in 1980-82. As controls served contact
Witte MH; Fiala M; McNeill GC; Witte CL; Williams WH; Szabo J; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine,; Tucson 85724.
Kaposi sarcoma, a common opportunistic neoplasm complicating AIDS, is thought to arise from the vasculature and possibly from lymphatic endothelium. To evaluate the nature and extent of lymphatic involvement in AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma, we used an improved technique of whole-body lymphangioscintigraphy. Six huma
Hughes RA; Macatonia SE; Rowe IF; Keat AC; Knight SC; Department of Rheumatology, Westminster Hospital, London.
Three patients with inflammatory arthritis were found to be seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Two of these individuals developed synovitis following an episode of yersinia bowel infection. We have studied joint material from all three in an attempt to define the role that HIV may be playing in the a
Godano A; Massara D; Sinicco A; Ospedale Mauriziano di Torino.
The patients controlled in our Sexologic Consultation Center for disorders of sex identity had been investigated in order both to have an indication to the surgical sex inversion and to control periodically some possible associated pathologies, which are mainly sex transmitted. A protocol of search and eventual contro
S Afr Med J. 1990 Jun 16;77(12):628-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296195
Pudifin DJ; Duursma J; Prior CR; Department of Medicine, University of Natal, Durban.
Forty-seven HIV antibody-positive black blood donors presented for assessment and counselling at King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban. Thirteen were found to have generalised lymph node enlargement and 1 had a tuberculous pulmonary infiltrate. Significant reduction in helper T-cell numbers and in the helper-suppressor ra
Swenson CL; Sams RA; Polas PJ; Michael DF; Mathes LE; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Ohio State University,; Columbus 43210.
Phosphonoformate (PFA) is a simple PPi analog which inhibits the activities of a variety of viral DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, and reverse transcriptase enzymes. PFA is a topical and parenteral treatment for human herpesvirus infections and is currently in phase I trials for treatment of acquired immunodeficiency s
Int J Dermatol. 1990 Jun;29(5):337-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90299536
Dompmartin D; Dompmartin A; Deluol AM; Grosshans E; Coulaud JP; Department of Dermatology, Hospital Claude Bernard, Paris,; France.
The results of a study on onychomycosis in AIDS related complex and AIDS patients presenting for dermatology consultation at an infectious diseases department are reported. The clinical results showed that most patients presented a proximal white superficial onychomycosis. The association with a clinical interdigital
Zunich KM; Lane HC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
A variety of immunologic abnormalities have been reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The most characteristic is a decrease in the number and function of CD4 helper/inducer T lymphocytes. Patients with HIV infection also have abnormalities in the number and activity of CD8 suppressor
Sadick NS; McNutt NS; Kaplan MH; Department of Medicine (Dermatology), Cornell University Medical; College, New York Hospital, NY 10021.
We review the spectrum of papulosquamous disorders in the setting of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Included is a discussion of xerosis generalisata, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, pityriasis rosea-like eruption, keratoderma blennorrhagicum, acquired ichthyosis, and erythroderma. Mechanisms
Miyamoto K; Tomita N; Ohtsuki Y; Kitajima K; School of Health Sciences, Okayama University.
A human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) producer cell line, designated HTLV-IIA, was established by cocultivation with leukocytes from an anti-human T-cell leukemia type I (HTLV-I) antibody-positive white male intravenous drug abuser and a healthy Japanese female. The cell line was examined for viral antigens
Schnizlein-Bick CT; Magier MR; Jones RB; Fife KH; Katz BP; Walker EB; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,; Indianapolis 46202.
Four-color cell surface immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis was used to quantitate mononuclear cell subpopulations from HIV seropositive (HIV+) and seronegative (HIV-) homosexual men and heterosexual men. HIV+ men were divided into two groups based on peripheral blood CD4/mm3 of greater than 500 or less tha
It is no longer possible to depict the number of AIDS cases over time as an exponential curve. In the group of homosexual/bisexual men, who still account for nearly 70% of all cases, the increase in the logistic model has reached a maximum (turning point of the logistic function). Nevertheless, in this group increasin
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(13):5001-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90311331
Diamond DC; Finberg R; Chaudhuri S; Sleckman BP; Burakoff SJ; Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115.
Two broad roles have been revealed for the CD4 molecule. It serves as a receptor for both class II major histocompatibility complex molecules and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Upon binding class II major histocompatibility molecules, CD4 functions to enhance T-cell activation. By binding to CD4, HIV gains entry
Out of 6 mothers breast-feeding their parenterally infected children in Elista and having no other factors of HIV infection, 3 were found to have antibodies to HIV, as well as 4 women who breast-fed their children dead in the focus of infection, but not examined. Pronounced stomatitis in children and cracks on their m
Kavanaugh AF; Huston DP; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; Texas.
Sustained and significant reversal of antibody deficiencies is uncommon, although it has been noted in some cases during childhood and after viral infections. We report a case of reversal of IgG2 deficiency after splenectomy. A 46-year-old man who suffered recurrent sinusitis despite antibiotic therapy was noted to ha
The construction of a vector which overproduces the enzyme, CTP:CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate cytidylyl-transferase (CMP-KDO synthetase or CKS) and its use as an expression vector for producing heterologous proteins in E. coli is described. The vector, which includes a modified lac promoter and synthetic ribosome b
Gruters RA; Terpstra FG; De Jong R; Van Noesel CJ; Van Lier RA; Miedema F; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
To investigate the effects of persistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on T cell reactivity, functional properties of peripheral blood T cells from HIV-seropositive homosexual men in various stages of infection were studied. T cell activation via CD3 resulting in proliferation and differentiation was me
Dolgin SE; Larsen JG; Shah KD; David E; Department of Surgery, City Hospital Center, Elmhurst, New York,; NY.
Serious gastrointestinal infections from cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) are often observed in immunosuppressed patients especially those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Hemorrhage and perforation have been frequent con
Sugihara K; Reichart PA; Gelderblom HR; First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima; University Dental School, Japan.
The clinical features of perioral molluscum contagiosum in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are described. Light microscopy and thin section electron microscopy revealed epidermal cells in different stages of degeneration showing two types of cytoplasmic inclusions. The basement membrane exhibited
Beverstock GC; Roozendaal KJ; Bodvarsson A; Jonkers GJ; van de Keur D; Wessels H; Webster MR; Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Leiden, The; Netherlands.
Nature. 1990 Jun 21;345(6277):659-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90294891
Weiss RA; Jaffe HW; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, UK.
Last century there was a sharp difference of opinion between those, such as Koch and Pasteur, who proposed that disease could be caused by invisible microbes, and others who held that epidemics are the result of evil vapours (mal aria). Arguments that AIDS does not have an infectious basis are as quaint as those of th
Morris DJ; Department of Pathological Sciences, University of Manchester; Medical School, United Kingdom.
In the absence of proof that cytomegalovirus is the cause of colitis and retinitis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, it is proposed that HIV plays a direct role in the causation of these diseases. Clinical and epidemiologic evidence is cited to support this h
A large percentage of patients in stage IV of HIV infection (CDC classification) show changes in the ocular fundus. Most frequent are functionally unimportant cotton-wool spots resulting from a HIV-associated microvasculopathy. Infectious retinitis due to opportunistic organisms is in most cases caused by
Sex Transm Dis. 1990 Apr-Jun;17(2):110-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90296211
Drew WL; Blair M; Miner RC; Conant M; Mount Zion Hospital and Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94120.
The authors tested a polyurethane women s condom for permeability to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) using an artificial intercourse model. They did not detect viral leakage in three trials fo
Hochster H; Dieterich D; Bozzette S; Reichman RC; Connor JD; Liebes L; Sonke RL; Spector SA; Valentine F; Pettinelli C; et al; New York University Medical Center, New York.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the toxicity, efficacy, and pharmacology of combined zidovudine and ganciclovir therapy in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and serious cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease. DESIGN: Pr
Ann Neurol. 1990 Jun;27(6):666-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90297579
Heyes MP; Mefford IN; Quearry BJ; Dedhia M; Lackner A; Section on Analytical Biochemistry, National Institute of Mental; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Increased concentrations of excitotoxin quinolinic acid in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are associated with infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex. In the p
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):691-702. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298085
Szebeni J; Wahl SM; Betageri GV; Wahl LM; Gartner S; Popovic M; Parker RJ; Black CD; Weinstein JN; Theoretical Immunology Section, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The antiviral effects of 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine ( ddC ), 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine-5 -triphosphate (ddCTP) and liposome-encapsulated ddCTP [L(ddCTP)] were compared in cultured human monocyte-macrophages (M/M) infected with HIV-1. These treatments inhibited v
Weldon-Linne CM; Rhone DP; Bourassa R; Department of Pathology, Illinois Masonic Medical Center Chicago; 60637.
Bronchoscopy specimens from 183 known/suspected acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients were evaluated for pathogens. In each case, transbronchial biopsies were evaluated and bronchoalveolar lavage material was cultured for viruses, fungi and mycobacteria and examined cytologically. A specimen was considered posit
Martin WR; Albertson TE; Siegel B; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of; California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento.
The diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) often requires bronchoscopy. In 82 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients suspected of having PCP, we passed a 14-F catheter into the trachea under local anesthesia without intubation, instilled saline solution, and then collected the secr
Haschek WM; Weigel RM; Scherba G; DeVera MC; Feinmehl R; Solter P; Tompkins MB; Tompkins WA; Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,; University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection of cats is a model for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in humans. The toxicity of zidovudine was evaluated in SPF cats experimentally infected with FeLV. At initiation of the zidovudine study, all cats were antibody positive for FeLV antigens but clinically asymptomatic. F
Resnick L; Herbst JS; Raab-Traub N; Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center of Greater; Miami, Miami Beach, FL 33140.
Oral hairy leukoplakia occurs almost exclusively in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and is predictive for the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It presents as a white plaque with a rough surface, most commonly on the sides of the tongue. The eruption is frequently overlooke
Kaminski RA; Croft AR; Heuer GA; Steadman C; Medical College of Georgia, School of Dentistry, Augusta.
The epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has initiated a number of regulations, at both the federal and state level, that impact directly on the practice of dentistry. During the past 5 to 6 years, guidelines have been published that specifically and generally state those procedures which should be implement
Am J Hematol. 1990 Jul;34(3):204-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90302734
Becherer PR; Smiley ML; Matthews TJ; Weinhold KJ; McMillan CW; White GC 2d; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; 27599-7030.
A retrospective study of 153 hemophiliacs infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) was performed to determine the clinical and immunological consequences of HIV-1 infection and the markers and cofactors associated with these changes. Nearly 80% of HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs have developed a significant re
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Jun 29;169(3):986-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303343
Yusa K; Oh-hara T; Yamazaki A; Tsukahara S; Satoh W; Tsuruo T; Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer; Research, Tokyo.
Human multidrug-resistant K562/ADM cells showed 12-fold and 31-fold resistance to AZT (3 -azido-2 , 3 dideoxythymidine) and DDC (2 , 3 -dideoxycytidine), respectively. Other multidrug-resistant human cells CEM/VLB100 and AdrRMCF-7 also showed resistan
Yoneda N; Tatsumi E; Kawanishi M; Teshigawara K; Masuda S; Yamamura Y; Inui A; Yoshino G; Oimomi M; Baba S; et al; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University School of; Medicine, Japan.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA was detected in polyclonal T cells that proliferated transiently in a 21-year-old male (referred to as H.J.) who underwent an apparently benign lymphocytosis (white blood cells, 31 x 10(6)/microL; lymphocyte, 79%) with fever, tonsillar swelling, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. The
Kingsley LA; Armstrong J; Rahman A; Ho M; Rinaldo CR Jr; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate; School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Recent reports have suggested that HSV-2 infection and associated anogenital ulcerations represent an important risk factor for acquisition of HIV infection. Although this is an appealing biological hypothesis, inferences drawn for homosexual men, as well as other at-risk populations, must be made after careful consid
Zeidner NS; Rose LM; Mathiason-DuBard CK; Myles MH; Hill DL; Mullins JI; Hoover EA; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523.
Zidovudine (3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine; AZT ) inhibited replication of an immunodeficiency-inducing strain of feline leukemia virus (FeLV-FAIDS) in vitro at concentrations of 0.5-0.005 micrograms/ml. A 25-30% additional antiviral effect was achieved in
While oral hairy leukoplakia has been observed predominantly in patients with HIV-infection at various stages, recent reports have shown that HL may also occur in patients immunosuppressed for other reasons. This report describes oral hairy leukoplakia in a heart transplant recipient with negative HIV serology. The hi
Gan No Rinsho. 1990 Jul;36(8):914-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90308956
Takahashi T; Imai K; Sugiyama T; Kodama T; Osato T; Imai S; Mizuno F; Yamada K; Mochizuki Y; Yachi A; 1st Dept. of Int. Med., Sapporo Medical College.
An 83-year-old man suffering from general malaise and discomfort in the epigastrium was admitted to hospital. On testing, peripheral blood and bone marrow smears disclosed a number of abnormal lymphocytoid cells, and a CT and a linear echo scan revealed splenomegaly and a multiple intraperitoneal lymphadenopathy, alth
Mo Med. 1990 May;87(5):287-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90309731
Bailey TC; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine.
HIV-positive patients are at risk for a number of serious viral infections. The author presents on overview of some common viral infections these patients are susceptible to and stresses the importance of early diagnosis for appropriate treatment.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(13):4971-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90311325
Haase AT; Retzel EF; Staskus KA; Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical; School, Minneapolis 55455.
Visna virus and human immunodeficiency virus are prototypes of animal and human lentiviruses, respectively, that persist and are disseminated despite the host immune response because cells in the tissues and the bloodstream harbor viral genomes in a covert state. To facilitate identification of these latently infected
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(13):5119-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90311354
Sherman PA; Fyfe JA; Experimental Therapy, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Research; Triangle Park, NC 27709.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integration protein, a potential target for selective antiviral therapy, was expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified protein, free of detectable contaminating endonucleases, selectively cleaved double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides that mimic the U3 and the U5 termini of linea
Solbreux P; Sonnet J; Zech F; Departement de Medecine Interne, Cliniques Universitaires; Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgique.
The aim of this retrospective study was to define a diagnostic strategy and to evaluate the efficacy of cotrimoxazole (CTMX) for presumed cerebral toxoplasmosis in patients with AIDS. Twelve patients with toxoplasma encephalitis were reviewed. The best diagnostical signs of reactivated acute cerebral toxoplasmosis wer
Shirai J; Obata H; Nakamura K; Furuta K; Hihara H; Kawamura H; Poultry Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Health,; Gifu, Japan.
Avian reovirus (ARV) and avian nephritis virus (ANV) were individually isolated from runty 10-day-old broiler chicks. The ARV isolate, IR-R, the ANV isolate, IR-N, and the reference strain of ANV, G-4260, were inoculated orally into 1-day-old chicks of two specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken lines, 151 and PDL-1. Gro
Kowalzick L; Grimmel M; Weyer U; De Villiers EM; Janner M; Universitats Haut- und Poliklinik, Hamburg, F.R.G.
A case is described of a man with multiple papillomas on the nipple that resembled clinically and histologically condylomata acuminata. Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 41 DNA sequences were detected in the biopsy material. There was no evidence of any immunodeficiency.
Millar AB; Miller RF; Patou G; Mindel A; Marsh R; Semple SJ; University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London.
Sixteen patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and cytomegalovirus retinitis were treated with ganciclovir alone (9 patients) or ganciclovir and zidovudine (6 patients). The duration of effective treatment, that is the number of weeks during which there was no
J Med Virol. 1990 Apr;30(4):249-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90317544
Chrystie IL; Almeida JD; Welch J; Department of Virology, United Medical School of Guy's, London,; England.
We report the findings on an HIV-positive patient found to be infected with human parvovirus B19. In a comparative study of sequential sera, direct electron microscopy (EM) had the same sensitivity as DNA hydridization for the detection of the virus. EM did not require specific reagents and also yielded information on
Marthas ML; Sutjipto S; Higgins J; Lohman B; Torten J; Luciw PA; Marx PA; Pedersen NC; Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University; of California, Davis 95616.
An infectious, virulence-attenuated molecular clone of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), SIVMAC-1A11, was derived from an SIV isolate that causes fatal immunodeficiency in rhesus macaques. When inoculated intravenously in rhesus macaques, SIVMAC-1A11 induced transient viremia (1 to 6 weeks) without clinical disease
Stephens RM; Derse D; Rice NR; Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis, National; Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development; Center, Maryland 21701.
We isolated and characterized six cDNA clones from an equine infectious anemia virus-infected cell line that displays a Rev-defective phenotype. With the exception of one splice site in one of the clones, all six cDNAs exhibited the same splicing pattern and consisted of four exons. Exon 1 contained the 5 end of the
Weaver TA; Panganiban AT; McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of; Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
To determine whether myristoylation is required for spleen necrosis virus replication, we constructed a substitution mutation in the gag gene that alters the putative myristate acceptor glycine residue. This single amino acid change was lethal for virus replication, resulted in aberrant proteolytic processing, and int
Chimelli L; de Freitas MR; Bazin AR; Mhiri C; Scaravilli F; Gray F; Departamento de Patologia, Hospital Antonio Pedro, RJ, Brasil.
A 30 year-old male, with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with rapidly progressive flaccid paraplegia and sphincter incontinence. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed elevated protein and pleocytosis. Death occurred 2 months after the onset of neurological signs. Post-mortem examination showe
Cheng SM; Blume M; Lee SG; Hung PP; Hirsch VM; Johnson PR; Biotechnology and Microbiology Division, Wyeth-Ayerst Research,; Radnor, Pennsylvania 19087.
The coexpression of biologically active simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Rev and Env gene products was obtained in COS-1 cells from a single SIV subgenomic segment (which contains both exons of rev and the entire env gene) cloned into a SV40-directed vector. The SIVsm Rev trans-activated the expression of the full-
Fico C; Angarano G; Fiore JR; Casalino C; Salamina GF; Pastore G; Clinica di Malattie Infettive, Universita di Bari.
The authors have studied the relationship among HIV replicative activity, expressed by HIV isolation from peripheral blood lymphocytes and p24 antigenemia detection, and the evolution of infection, in terms of stage of disease and T4 cells absolute number, in a group of 120 infected subjects. Data presented indicate t
Wiviott LD; Walker CM; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
Studies of separated peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets have indicated that the CD8+ lymphocyte is the primary cell type responsible for suppressing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication by infected CD4+ cells. The effect of this antiviral activity is dose-dependent and does not involve killing of the
Venet A; Tourani JM; Beldjord K; Eme D; Even P; Andrieu JM
This study was undertaken to define the risk of AIDS in a cohort of 250 HIV-seropositive patients identified by their clinical and biological status. All patients were enrolled between October 1985 and March 1988. They were classified according to clinical classes A, asymptomatic (n = 97); B, lymphadenopathic (n = 123
Chirmule N; Kalyanaraman VS; Slade H; Oyaizu N; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital,; Cornell University Medical College, Mahnasset, NY 11030.
We have developed CD4+, tetanus antigen-specific T cell clones that proliferate in the presence of tetanus antigen and autologous irradiated peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) as antigen-presenting cells (APC). There have been several reports that T cells can present antigen themselves. We have used tetanus antigen-spe
Colmenero C; Monux A; Valencia E; Castro A; Dept. of Maxillofacial Surgery, La Paz General Hospital, Madrid,; Spain.
An AIDS patient with a subdural empyema as a complication of candida sinusitis is presented. Clinical features resembled those of invasive aspergillosis or phycomycosis. Microbiological diagnosis was established by blood cultures, sinus cultures, and histopathological examination. An aggressive surgical approach first
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):641-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298080
Kucera LS; Leake E; Iyer N; Raben D; Myrvik QN; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bowman Gray School of; Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; 27103.
Experiments were designed to determine whether HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) coinfection leads to simultaneous replication of both viruses in the same human CD4+ cell (MT-4 cell line) and the possible effects of coinfection on infectious virus production. Results from transmission electron microscopy a
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):649-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298081
Arya SK; Sethi A; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often causes latent infection. Transactivation by some DNA viruses has been implicated in inducing HIV-1 replication and pathogenesis. The transactivator (IE-2) gene of the human cytomegalovirus (
Manca N; Graifenberghi S; Colombrita D; Istituto di Microbiologia, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia,; Universita degli Studi di Brescia, Italy.
Antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) and to human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) were investigated by ELISA, Western blot and radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) assay in 318 sera (191 males and 127 females) obtained from syphilitic patients. The sera from 10% of the males and 3.1%
Closs SJ; Tierney AJ; Department of Nursing Studies, University of Edinburgh.
This paper describes a survey of contamination by blood and other body fluids to theatre staff during general and orthopaedic surgery. Fourteen surgeons completed questionnaires following 243 operations, providing information describing the extent of contamination. Recommendations are made for more extensive precautio
Koech DK; Obel AO; Minowada J; Hutchinson VA; Cummins JM; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
Thirty eight symptomatic and two asymptomatic patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) were treated with a natural human interferon alpha (HuIFN alpha). Patients were given 2 IU/kg HuIFN alpha orally once daily in powdered maltose held in the mouth to promote mucosal absorption. This oral
Eto T; Okamura H; Okamura T; Gondo H; Kudo J; Shibuya T; Harada M; Niho Y; First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kyushu University.
A 56-year-old female was admitted because of generalized lymphadenopathy. Based upon histological findings of biopsied lymph node, malignant lymphoma, diffuse large cell type was diagnosed. The surface marker analysis showed that malignant cells were positive for CD4 and CD2 but negative for CD8. Although anti-ATLA (a
Ironson G; LaPerriere A; Antoni M; O'Hearn P; Schneiderman N; Klimas N; Fletcher MA; Center for the Biopsychosocial Studies of AIDS, University of; Miami, Florida.
We assessed changes in psychological and immunological functioning during 5-week periods preceding and following notification of serostatus among gay males taking the HIV-1 antibody test. Forty-six asymptomatic homosexual men between the ages of 18 and 40 yrs were recruited from a gay men s organization and through ad
Ann Ophthalmol. 1990 May;22(5):173-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90314196
Balacco Gabrieli C; Angarano G; Moramarco A; LoCaputo S; Castellano L; University of Bari, Italy.
A total of 153 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection underwent complete ophthalmologic examinations for the presence of any eye pathology. We wanted to show a correlation between such pathology and total CD4+ lymphocyte count, believed to be an indicator of immunologic status. The most frequently
Monpoux F; Deville A; Philip PJ; Baudoin F; Sudaka I; Bourrier T; Cottalorda J; Armengaud F; Mariani R; Clinique Medicale Infantile, du Laboratoire Central; d'Hematologie, Hopital de Cimiez, Nice.
The outcome of infants born to HIV1 seropositive (HIV1+) mothers is still uncertain is spite of current progress in techniques for viral detection. Using the almost elective tropism of HIV1 virus for CD4 lymphocytes and the central role of these cells in the immune regulation, we studied blood lymphocyte populations w
Rosenblatt JD; Plaeger-Marshall S; Giorgi JV; Swanson P; Chen IS; Chin E; Wang HJ; Canavaggio M; Hausner MA; Black AC; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1678.
Infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) has been associated with rare chronic T-cell malignancies and has recently been demonstrated in a significant proportion of American intravenous drug abusers (IVDA). Identification of an HTLV-II-infected cohort of IVDA has allowed analysis of the HTLV-II car
J Med Virol. 1990 Apr;30(4):287-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90317551
Gregersen JP; Mehdi S; Baur A; Hilfenhaus J; Research Laboratories, Behringwerke AG, Federal Republic of; Germany.
HIV-1-positive antisera were tested for their ability to lyse HIV-1-infected cells in the presence of active complement. Cytolytic effects caused by sera derived from infected humans were slower than those observed with sera from immunised chimpanzees. Lytic but also negative sera were found among HIV-1-infected asymp
Burger H; Belman AL; Grimson R; Kaell A; Flaherty K; Gulla J; Gibbs RA; Nguyun PN; Weiser B; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook; 11794.
The incubation period of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection was studied in a family of five in which vertical and heterosexual transmission occurred from one index case. This investigation documented incubation periods of longer than 12 years in a mother and her daughter; although neither has sympto
Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Aug;132(2):203-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90320691
van Griensven GJ; de Vroome EM; de Wolf F; Goudsmit J; Roos M; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Department of Public Health and; Environment, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
For identification of risk factors for progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, 746 homosexual men participating in a cohort study in Amsterdam, The Netherlands , were studied since October 1984. A total of 234 of these men were HIV antibody-positive at base
Laurence J; Kulkosky J; Dong B; Early E; Snyderman R; Cianciolo GJ; Department of Medicine, Laboratory for AIDS Virus Research, New; York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York 10021.
Soluble suppressor factor (SSF), first described in association with HIV-1 infection in vivo, is a molecule(s) capable of inhibiting T cell-dependent immune reactivity. Its relationship to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was further defined as supernatants of mononuclear cell cultures from HIV-1-seropositive carrie
FEBS Lett. 1990 May 21;264(2):231-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90292213
Chong P; Sia C; Sydor M; Klein M; Connaught Centre for Biotechnology Research, Connaught; Laboratories Ltd., Willowdale, Ont., Canada.
Recent studies indicate that the gag gene products may play a crucial role in the immune response against HIV infection since clinical progression to AIDS is associated with a reduction in the level of circulating antibodies to gag p24 and antibodies raised against p17 peptide can inhibit HIV1 infection in vitro. Usin
Koenig S; Fuerst TR; Wood LV; Woods RM; Suzich JA; Jones GM; de la Cruz VF; Davey RT Jr; Venkatesan S; Moss B; et al; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Epitope mapping of a MHC class I-restricted cytotoxic T cell response to nef, a regulatory protein of HIV, was performed with fresh PBMC from HIV-seropositive donors and target cells pulsed with a panel of overlapping peptides of the nef protein. These nef-specific CTL recognized a synthetic peptide of 10 residues der
Klasse PJ; Blomberg J; Pipkorn R; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Sweden.
The human IgG subclass response to epitopes of gp41, the transmembrane protein of HIV-1, was characterized. Twenty sera that reacted with a synthetic peptide, residues 583-599 of the env product, were analyzed in subclass-specific enzyme immunoassays with this and three other peptides: the inverted sequence (599-583;
Morrow WJ; Gaston I; Anderson T; Haigwood N; McGrath MS; Rosen J; Steimer KS; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco.
One potential strategy for the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is immune network manipulation using anti-idiotypic antibodies: this study was undertaken to demonstrate experimentally the potential of such an approach which, in a more highly evolved form, could be used for the treatment of the a
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):567-79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298073
Robinson JE; Holton D; Pacheco-Morell S; Liu J; McMurdo H; Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University School of; Medicine, New Orleans 70112.
Using Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformation of B cells isolated from peripheral blood of two asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1-(HIV-1) infected subjects, we have produced four IgG1 human monoclonal antibodies (HMAbs) that bind to HIV-1 gp120, as determined by Western blot analysis. Two of these HMAbs,
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):581-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298074
Amadori A; Gallo P; Zamarchi R; Veronese ML; De Rossi A; Wolf D; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, Interuniversity Center for the Research on; Cancer, Venice, Italy.
In a series of 60 HIV-1-infected individuals, serum electrofocusing analysis disclosed clonally restricted IgG patterns in 9 patients (15%), most with limited disease progression (stages WR1-WR3). These oligoclonal bands had a very heterogeneous light chain pattern, and most showed specificity for HIV-1 in affinity-dr
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):587-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298075
Hunt JC; Desai SM; Casey JM; Bolling TJ; Leung TK; Decker RH; Devare SG; Sarin V; Department of Human Retroviruses, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott; Park, Illinois 60064.
Mouse monoclonal antibody 5-21-3 is mapped to an epitope within a hydrophilic region of HIV-1 gp41 between amino acids 642 and 665 (numbering by Meyers et al. based on HXB2 isolate). The epitope is formed from amino acids within the sequence IHSLIEESQNQQEKNEQELLELDK; however, antibody 5-21-3 is unable to recognize the
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):599-606. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298076
Hunt JC; Falk L; Webber JS; Decker RH; Devare SG; Dawson GJ; Department of Human Retroviruses, Abbott Laboratories, North; Chicago, Illinois 60064.
A mouse monoclonal antibody, designated 5-21-3, was raised against HIV-1 gp41 using detergent-disrupted virus as the immunogen. Antibody 5-21-3 was conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and employed as a competitive probe against normal and HIV-1 antibody-positive sera in an immunoassay to detect the presence of
The TAR sequence of the 5 leader of HIV-1 long terminal repeat-directed mRNA was found to be able to bind to and to activate double-stranded RNA-dependent (2 -5 )A synthetase. Binding of TAR to the purified synthetase in vitro was abolished by addition of HIV-1 Tat protein, which binds to this sequence with a high af
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 May;6(5):679-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90298084
Anand R; Nayyar S; Galvin TA; Merril CR; Bigelow LB; Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics, National Institute of Mental; Health, Neuroscience Center at Saint Elizabeths Hospital,; Washington, DC 20032.
Sodium pentosan polysulfate (PPS), a negatively charged polymer of beta-D-xylopyranose units, was evaluated for its anti-HIV effects in normal human peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNC) and its possible synergism with AZT . In the presence of 25 nM AZT,
Rev Mal Respir. 1990;7(3):195-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90301847
Moro D; Goy A; Nagy-Mignotte H; Brambilla C; Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble.
Progress in genetics now enables the synthesis of molecules acting on the regulation of the immune system which are called cytokines. Currently there are several cytokines, Interferon (IFN), Interleukin 2 (IL2), tumour necrosis factor (TNF) as well as haematopoietic growth factors and these are the object of study in
Goodman-Snitkoff G; Eisele LE; Heimer EP; Felix AM; Andersen TT; Fuerst TR; Mannino RJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albany Medical; College, NY 12208.
The role that individual determinants play in modulating the immune response of an organism to a pathogen is often obscured because of the complexity of the pathogen. In order to gain a better appreciation of the role of individual determinants in the immune response, a pathogen may be dissociated into smaller compone
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):731-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303965
Melendez-Guerrero LM; Nicholson JK; McDougal JS; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
Monocytes from healthy blood donors were inoculated in vitro with a monocyte-tropic strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIVBa-L. HIV replication was first detected at Day 5 postinoculation, with peak virus activity at Day 17. We assessed the kinetics of the expression of four monocyte surface antigens (CD14,
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):753-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303967
Clark PK; Ferris AL; Miller DA; Hizi A; Kim KW; Deringer-Boyer SM; Mellini ML; Clark AD Jr; Arnold GF; Lebherz WB 3d; et al; Program Resources, Inc., NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and; Development Center, Maryland 21701-1013.
A better understanding of the structure and biochemical properties of the replicative machinery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may be useful in the screening and design of drugs that could be used to treat AIDS. We have previously described a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli that produces HIV-1 r
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):805-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90303972
Hartman NR; Johns DG; Mitsuya H; Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute,; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We administered radiolabeled dextran sulfate (3H labeled on the reducing end, MW approximately 8000) [( 3H]DS) to rats. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of plasma from animals that were given [3H]DS intravenously revealed an initial plasma half-life of about 30 min. Eleven percent of [3H]DS admin
Bahraoui E; Benjouad A; Sabatier JM; Allain JP; Laurian Y; Montagnier L; Gluckman JC; Laboratoire de Biochimie CNRS UA 1179, Faculte de Medecine,; Marseille, France.
The relevance, previously suggested by some authors, of anti-nef antibody detection as an early marker of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was examined with a sensitive liquid phase radioimmunoassay by investigating: (1) the kinetics of appearance of anti-nef-antibodies in a set of 77 longitudinal sera col
Cell. 1990 Jun 29;61(7):1315-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/90304890
Wilson JB; Weinberg W; Johnson R; Yuspa S; Levine AJ; Department of Biology, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544.
The BNLF-1 gene of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes the latent membrane protein (LMP), one of the putative oncogene products of the virus. This gene has been expressed from two different enhancer-promoter constructs in transgenic mice, to determine its biological activity and possible contribution to oncogenesis. Whil
Huang P; Farquhar D; Plunkett W; Department of Medical Oncology, University of Texas M. D.; Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
The action of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine 5 -triphosphate (N3dTTP) on DNA strand elongation catalyzed by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase was evaluated in comparison with human DNA polymerase alpha and proliferating cell nuclear antigen-independent DNA polymerase delta. Sequencing gel analysis
van Noesel CJ; Gruters RA; Terpstra FG; Schellekens PT; van Lier RA; Miedema F; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
In addition to a well-documented depletion of CD4+ T helper cells in later stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, evidence has been provided for a specific unresponsiveness to triggering either by specific antigen in the context of autologous major histocompatibility molecules (self + X) or anti-CD3 m
Cram DS; Fisicaro N; Coppel RL; Whittingham S; Harrison LC; Burnet Clinical Research Unit, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of; Medical Research, Australia.
High titer IgG autoantibodies to the 70-kDa polypeptide component (p70) of the U1 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex occur in the sera of patients with mixed connective tissue disease, SLE, and related rheumatic diseases. To gain insight into the pathogenesis and diversity of this antibody response we have used recombina
Goff SP; Department of Biochemistry, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
The virion particles of all retroviruses contain reverse transcriptase, a multifunctional enzyme required for the synthesis of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome soon after entry into the infected cell. The enzyme is the target of the major antiviral drugs currently in use in the treatment of AIDS. This article review
Hinkula J; Rosen J; Sundqvist VA; Stigbrand T; Wahren B; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
A new type of immunochemical mapping of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag region was performed. By use of native HIV-1 viral lysates or the gag recombinant p24-15 antigen, a new set of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to the gag region proteins was generated. Synthetic HIV-1 peptides covering the entire
Labat ML; Bringuier AF; Chandra A; Einhorn TA; Chandra P; CNRS, Institut Biomedical des Cordeliers, Universite Pierre et; Marie Curie, Paris, France.
We report the presence of reverse transcriptase activity in the supernatant of long-term culture of mononuclear blood cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) isolated from a 27-year-old patient suffering from benign osteopetrosis. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity according to the technique of Chandra and Steel, by chr
Scadden DT; Zeira M; Woon A; Wang Z; Schieve L; Ikeuchi K; Lim B; Groopman JE; Division of Hematology/Oncology, New England Deaconess Hospital,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preferentially infects CD4 positive T cells and monocytes. Other human cell types have been reported to be infectable with HIV, including cells of mesenchymal origin. In this report, we show that both primary human bone marrow stromal fibroblasts and an immortalized human stromal
Dopel SH; Porstmann T; Grunow R; Henklein P; Pas P; von Baehr R; Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School (Charite),; Humboldt University Berlin, G.D.R.
A highly conserved region of the transmembrane protein gp41 of the HIV-1 was found in which the amino acid sequence 606 to 620 was characterized as an immunodominant region. The binding behaviours of a human monoclonal antibody and of polyclonal specific antibodies in sera of HIV-infected persons to this particular se
Vyas MN; Vyas NK; Liou RS; Chang TW; Quiocho FA; Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute,; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.
Single crystals of the Fab fragment of a murine monoclonal antibody BAT123 (IgG1, kappa) raised against a dominant neutralizing determinant of gp120 of HIV that are suitable for X-ray structural analysis have been obtained. The thick prismatic plate crystals belong to space group P2(1)2(1)2 with unit cell dimensions o
Stevenson M; Haggerty S; Lamonica C; Mann AM; Meier C; Wasiak A; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5120.
The phenomenon of interference was exploited to isolate low-abundance noncytopathic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants from a primary HIV-1 isolate from an asymptomatic HIV-1-seropositive hemophiliac. Successive rounds of virus infection of a cytolysis-susceptible CD4+ cell line and isolation of surv
Goldman ME; Salituro GS; Bowen JA; Williamson JM; Zink DL; Schleif WA; Emini EA; Department of New Lead Pharmacology, Merck Sharp and Dohme; Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
Rubromycins, a class of quinone antibacterials, were discovered to selectively inhibit human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) RNA-directed DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) (RT) activity more potently than cellular DNA polymerase alpha. beta- and gamma-rubromycin each inhibited equipotently HIV-1 RT and avian mye
Pedersen M; Permin H; Bendtzen K; Norn S; Laboratory of Immunology, University Clinic for Infectious; Diseases M, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cytokine-induced histamine release from basophil leukocytes was examined in cell suspension from AIDS patients and compared with healthy controls. Cells from approximately half of the AIDS patients, in contrast to none from the control group, showed histamine release after stimulation with interleukin-4 (IL-4), tumor
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