Falls Church, VA, U.S.A. : Foundation for the Simple in Medicine, [1990] 80 p. : ill (Science in medicine simplified ; v. 1) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9415430
Falls Church, VA, U.S.A. : Foundation for the Simple in Medicine, [1991] 62 p (Science in medicine simplified ; v. 2) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9415431
Washington, DC (1620 Eye St. N.W., Washington 20006) : United States Conference of Mayors, c1992 15 p (HIV education case studies ; no. 4) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9405256
Salaya, Thailand : Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, c1993 32 p. : ill (IPSR publication ; no. 168) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9417355
International Conference on Growth Factors in Cancer Therapy. September 25-26, 1992, Nashville, TN, 1992.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94697111
Adamson JW; New York Blood Center, New York, NY
Erythropoietin (Epo) is the hormone in animals and man which regulates the day-to-day production of RBC. Epo is made by peritubular capillary lining cells of the kidney in response to hypoxia, circulates in the plasma, and then interacts with its target cells in the marrow. Epo binds to specific cell surface receptors
Human Gene Ther; 3(5):609 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698479
Pulaski B; McAdam A; Hutter E; Biggar S; Lord EM; Frelinger JG; Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Univ. of Rochester Sch. of; Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642
We have investigated the effects of expression of mouse IL-3, a cytokine involved in the maturation of T cells, upon the generation of immune effectors capable of killing untransfected tumors. Unlike systemic treatments, potent immunological mediators such as IL-3 and IL-2
American Radium Society's 75th Annual Meeting. April 24-28, 1993, Aruba, p. 23, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698236
Ling S; Roach M; Wara W; Dept. of Radiation Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA
In a ten year retrospective review, charts of all patients treated at UCSF in the Radiation Oncology Department for primary CNS lymphoma between January 1982 and January 1992 were analyzed. In total there were fifty cases, 35 were known to be HIV+, the remaining 15 were felt to be
American Radium Society's 75th Annual Meeting. April 24-28, 1993, Aruba, p. 35, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698272
Williams PS; Mun C; Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Moses Div., Montefiore Medical; Center, Bronx, NY
Epidemic Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common cancer associated with HIV infection. Since its recognition in 1981, several treatment regimens have evolved, but there is no consensus approach to treatment. These approaches to treatment have produced differing results and varying expectations. This pilot study found that
American Radium Society's 75th Annual Meeting. April 24-28, 1993, Aruba, p. 35, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698273
Stelzer KJ; Griffin TW; Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Univ. of Washington Medical Center,; Seattle, WA
The optimal dose of radiation in the treatment of AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) has been controversial, based on previous nonrandomized retrospective studies. Seventy-one cutaneous AIDS-associated KS lesions were randomly assigned to one of three radiation dose regimens--800 cGy in one fraction, 2000 cGy in 10
Ann Epidemiol. 1990 Oct;1(1):71-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093735
Evans AS; Mueller NE; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
This review first considered some general problems in establishing causal links between a virus and a human cancer and offered some guidelines in the pursuit of this objective. Second, it reviewed the current causal associations for several candidate oncogenic viruses in relation to the tumors with which they are asso
Ann Epidemiol. 1990 Dec;1(2):105-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093737
Rosenberg PS; Gail MH; Epidemiologic Methods Section, National Cancer Institute,; Rockville, MD.
The incidence of consistently defined acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among adults in the United States was used to backcalculate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as of January 1, 1985, and July 1, 1987. The sensitivity of estimates to random and systemati
Ann Epidemiol. 1990 Dec;1(2):129-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093739
Goedert JJ; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes a number of clinical syndromes and many laboratory abnormalities, often heralding the development of the life-threatening opportunistic infections or malignancies that are known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Drawing heavily on the results of prosp
Ann Epidemiol. 1990 Dec;1(2):141-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093740
Vermund SH; Hoth DF; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
In a single decade, the pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become an international health, social, and economic emergency. Early and effective intervention is urgently needed for both prevention of HIV infection and for the amelioration of clinical disease. Results of therapeutic trials have
Ann Epidemiol. 1991 Feb;1(3):277-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093753
Hauck WW; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco.
In population surveys of seroprevalence, it may not be most efficient to test all individual samples. The laboratory and statistical issues encountered when one first pools individual samples into groups of samples before laboratory analyses were discussed recently in relation to the seroprevalence of human immunodefi
Casals A; Ovalle A; Toledo M; Northland R; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Universidad de Chile.
Two clinical cases of HIV-infected pregnant women are presented: One with declared AIDS and the other a symptomless carrier. The clinical management of these cases are described; that is, the resolution of the delivery and the clinical measures implemented during their hospitalization. Both, the potential ways of prop
The widespread prevalence of Kaposi s sarcoma during the HIV/AIDS epidemic and its unique epidemiological predilection for select groups at risk for AIDS relative to their life-style orientation provide the rationale for etiologic agent(s) other than HIV. In keeping with the requisites for the development and prog
Balsalobre B; Carbonell-Tatay F; Department of Biopathology, La Fe Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
Delayed hypersensitivity and lymphocyte subsets in a group of adult splenectomized patients after abdominal trauma without associated disease have been studied. The results were compared with those observed in healthy individuals. The results show a decreased cutaneous reaction against extracts of Streptococcus and di
Tambic A; Gotovac P; Zavod za mikrobiologiju i hospitalne infekcije, Opca bolnica Sv.; Duh, Zagreb.
Since the health-care workers are frequently exposed to human blood they are considered to be at greater risk for acquiring HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). Body fluids to which universal precautions apply include blood, vaginal secretions, semen, tissues, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial, pleural, peritoneal, pericar
Ann Epidemiol. 1990 Dec;1(2):117-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093738
Kim MY; Lagakos SW; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA.
The main sources of data for estimating infectivity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) come from studies of the susceptible partners of individuals known to be infected with HIV. Estimation of infectivity from these studies is complicated by limitations imposed by the sampling designs. This paper reviews three
Kletzel M; Beck S; Elser J; Shock N; Burks W; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical; Science, Little Rock.
Hemophiliacs infected with human immunodeficiency virus with a history of hypersensitivity reaction to a combination product of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole were desensitized orally. Six of the seven patients included in the study successfully completed the desensitization protocol and received trimethoprim-sulfa
Derouin F; Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hopital Saint-Louis,; Paris, France.
1. Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous, obligate intracellular parasite of worldwide distribution. In humans, the parasite exists in two forms: the tachyzoite is the rapidly multiplying stage of the parasite which actively invades host cells and represents the principal pathogenic form at the acute phase of the disease;
Carpenter S; Karpati G; Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, McGill University,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Pathological diagnosis of dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), and inclusion body myositis (IBM) should be possible in almost all cases when an appropriately involved muscle is biopsied. DM shows characteristic patterns of muscle fiber damage and capillary damage. Lymphocytes and macrophages are seen in PM and IBM
Aguzzi A; Bothe K; Wagner EF; Rethwilm A; Horak I; Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna, Austria.
Human foamy virus (HFV) is a recently characterized retrovirus which was originally isolated from patients with various neoplastic and degenerative diseases. However, until today it has not been possible to identify HFV as the causative agent of any disease and little is known about its prevalence in human populations
Ricci E; Moraes CT; Servidei S; Tonali P; Bonilla E; DiMauro S; UILDM of Rome Research Center for Neuromuscular Diseases,; Catholic University, Italy.
Quantitative defects of mtDNA have been recently described in patients with fatal mitochondrial disease of early infancy or mitochondrial myopathy of childhood. There was variable tissue expression and depletion of up to 98% of mtDNA in affected tissues. Pedigree analysis was compatible with mendelian inheritance, sug
Grant JW; Isaacson PG; Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge,; U.K.
Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) are uncommon neoplasms accounting for less than 2% of brain tumours. Their incidence appears to be increasing across a wide age range, in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed populations. Particular risk groups include those with congenital and acquired immunodefic
Int J Neurosci. 1992 May-Jun;64(1-4):177-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94095352
Ryan JJ; Paolo AM; Skrade M; Dwight D. Eisenhower Department of Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, Leavenworth, Kansas 66048.
The Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) was administered to 30 inmates from three United States Federal corrections facilities. Fifteen were HIV seropositive and carried a diagnosis of AIDS; 15 were seronegative controls. The groups were comparable in age, education, sex, estimate
Int J Neurosci. 1992 May-Jun;64(1-4):183-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94095353
Wellman MC; Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Rhode Island; College, Providence 02908.
While much of the current literature concurs that neuropsychological decline does not occur among gay men in the early stages of HIV infection, there is no comparable body of evidence with regard to seropositive intravenous drug users (IVDU). In this study, 45 seropositive (CDC groups 2, 3, and 4a) IVDU in recovery an
Proietti FA; Proietti AB; Costa MF; Antunes CM; Guimaraes MD; Paulino UH; Souza CJ; Melo L; Munoz A; Dep. Propedeutica Complementar, Universidade Federal de Minas; Gerais, Brazil.
Results of a HIV prevalence study conducted in hemophiliacs from Belo Horizonte, Brazil are presented. History of exposure to acellular blood components was determined for the five year period prior to entry in the study, which occurred during 1986 and 1987. Patients with coagulati
Nakauchi CM; Maruyama K; Kanzaki LI; Linhares AC; Azevedo VN; Fukushima T; Miyauchi M; Koshikawa N; Tamayama C; Mochizuki S; et al; Instituto Evandro Chagas, Fundacao Nacional de Saude, Belem,; Para, Brasil.
HTLV-I seroprevalences of 3.63% (02/55), 12.19% (10/82) and 13.88% (10/72) were demonstrated among Tiryio, Mekranoiti and Xicrin Amazonian Indians, respectively, by the Western blotting enzyme assay (WBEI). By indirect immunoelectron microscopy (IIEM), 2 Tiriyo, 9 Mekranoiti and 6 Xicrin Amerindians were reactive. Of
Bava AJ; Negroni R; Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad; de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Some epidemiological characteristics of 105 cases of cryptococcosis diagnosed in Argentina , between 1981-1990, were studied. Until 1987, the annual number of cases was 4-8. It has increased since 1988 by AIDS influence and reached 35 cases in 1990. The annual number of cases non
Rustan ME; Rubinstein HR; Siciliano C; Masih DT; Dpto. Bioquimica Clinica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas,; Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina.
The objective of the present work was to carry out a survey of soil samples taken from different areas of a hospital of infectious disease located in the city of Cordoba, where three AIDS patients were hospitalized during different periods in the same ward. The three of them returned with meningeal cryptococcosis betw
da Silva LJ; Resende MR; de Abreu WB; Aoki FH; Bocatto RB; Branchinni ML; Goncales Junior FL; de Lima JN; von Nowakonski A; Papaiordanou PM; et al; Dept. de Clinica Medica, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas; UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Listeriosis is a not uncommon infection in humans, usually associated with immunodeficient states and with newborns. However, relatively few cases have been reported in HIV-infected patients. This scarcity of reported cases has aroused interest in the association of listeriosis and AIDS. In this paper we present a cas
Hadad DJ; Pieres M de F; Petry TC; Orozco SF; Melhem M de S; Paes RA; Gianini MJ; Centro de Referencia e Treinamento--AIDS, Sao Paulo, Brasil.
A case of an AIDS patient with positive blood culture for Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis is reported. The patient was a 29-years-old male born in Nova Londrina (Parana State, Brazil ) who presented splenomegaly and fever of unknown origin. Three blood cultures were performed, each one
Figueiredo JF; Machado AA; Departamento de Clinica Medica, Faculdade de Medicina de; Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brasil.
1. When the sera of patients with tuberculosis were tested for anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis IgG using an indirect ELISA, the test was positive for 94.1% of the samples from patients not having AIDS (N = 51), but for only 37.5% of the samples from patients with AIDS (N = 16). 2. False-positive results were obtained
Ann Epidemiol. 1992 Nov;2(6):773-803. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94101189
Vermund SH; Galbraith MA; Ebner SC; Sheon AR; Kaslow RA; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A pregnant woman experiences selective immunosuppression as a physiologic response to the presence of a genetically heterologous fetus. Case reports early in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic suggested that adverse human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related clinical outcomes might be causally asso
Henriques CM; Borges Filho TS; Rodrigues CO; Centro de Controle de Doencas da Secretaria de Higiene e Saude; da Prefeitura Municipal de Santos, Brasil.
Chung Hua Min Kuo Wei Sheng Wu Chi Mien I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1992 Nov;25(4):244-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94109187
Yung CH; Chow MP; Hu HY; Tzeng JL; Wu YS; Lyou JY; Liu WT; Blood bank, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital,; National Yang-Ming Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of; China.
The gelatin particle agglutination (GPA) test specific for antibody detection of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was used to screen 500 blood donors and 5000 physical-checkup individuals at Veterans General Hospital-Taipei. The positive rate of physical-checkup individuals and the blood donors was 0.18
Bone reconstruction methods increasingly often require using bank bone. These massive bone fragments can be taken only from dead subjects or those in irreversible coma. Surgical sterility of the samples does not always guarantee the absence of an HIV infection, for which seroconversion often occurs very late. B. Spire
Raggi R; Blanco GA; Catedra de Patologia II, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas,; Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the prevalence of HIV infection and AIDS in Argentina , to study the dynamics of the spread of HIV and to predict the future course by means of an epidemic model. The model was constructed using differential equations to describe the inte
Mortimer PP; Central Public Health Laboratory, London, United Kingdom.
B19 infection offers some general lessons about human viruses and their possible effects on the human host, as follows: (1) Ubiquitous apparently benign viruses may have severe effects on a compromised host. The virus may be invariable but the host can have diverse susceptibilities. (2) B19 and some other human viruse
De Sousa M; Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do; Porto, Portugal.
This paper is written in the context of our changing perception of the immunological system as a system with possible biological roles exceeding the prevailing view of a system concerned principally with the defense against external pathogens. The view discussed here relates the immunological system inextricably to th
Savino W; de Moraes M do C; Barbosa SD; Da Fonseca EC; De Almeida VC; Hontebeyrie-Joscowicz M; Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de; Janeiro, Brasil.
The thymus is a central lymphoid organ, in which T cell precursors differentiate and generate most of the so-called T cell repertoire. Along with a variety of acute infectious diseases, we and others determined important changes in both microenvironmental and lymphoid compartments of the organ. For example, one major
Harden VA; NIH Historical Office, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
This paper examines the debate over the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from an historical perspective. The changing criteria for proving the link between putative pathological agents and diseases are discussed, beginning with Robert Koch s research on anthr
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1992;23 Suppl 3:46-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112619
Migasena P; Choopanya K; Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of; Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Bangkok, the capital of Thailand , is a large city of about six million people. According to the rapid growth of economy, Bangkok faces to the problems of urbanization and industrialization. Non-communicable disease such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers are the leading causes o
Asia Pac J Public Health. 1992-93;6(3):146-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94114308
Ko YC; Lan SJ; Chiang TA; Yen YY; Hsieh CC; School of Public Health and Graduate Institute of Medicine,; Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan, ROC.
Pooling specimens when testing them in large numbers can save scarce resources and several earlier reports have indicated this to be a feasible strategy. In an HIV antibody mass screening test carried out in our laboratory, we used Dorfman s two-stage model. We sought to establish the optimal number of specimens in a
Asia Pac J Public Health. 1992-93;6(3):159-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94114312
Lewis ND; Bailey J; Department of Geography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu; 96822.
AIDS, like plagues throughout human history, has been blamed repeatedly on foreigners. This has heightened ramifications, from the personal to the geopolitical, in an era of escalating population movement and rapid international travel. By the end of 1990, the World Health Organization
Covas MI; Esquerda A; Garcia-Rico A; Mahy N; Seccion de Hormonas, Laboratorio de los Hospitales Municipales; de Barcelona, Spain.
Interest in T-lymphocyte subsets has arisen because of their involvement in the autoimmune process. Contradictory results have been published in the literature about the number of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in autoimmune diseases. In order to investigate the number and distribution of peripheral blood lymphoc
Folia Med Cracov. 1992;33(1-4):65-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116896
Chlap Z; Czarnobilska E; Matzke E; Zakladu Patofizjologii Klinicznej Miedzywydzialowej Katedry,; Patofizjologii Akademii Medycznej im. M. Kopernika, Krakowie.
The aim of this study was the evaluation of cytological, immunocytological and cytochemical tests efficiency in describing the pulmonary alveoli cells activity in people chronically exposed to the polluted air. The detailed analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) obtained by rinsing of pulmonary alveoli in 36 cases o
Michel G; Vallee D; Thuret I; Chambost H; Tamalet C; de Boisse P; Leclaire M; Farnarier C; Kaplanski S; Perrimond H; Service de pediatrie et hematologie pediatrique, hopital; d'enfants La Timone, Marseille, France.
Twenty-four perinatally HIV infected children received early treatment as soon as the diagnosis of viral contamination was established. In 13 cases (group 1), this diagnosis was based on a viremia and/or antigenemia during the first 6 months of life. In 11 cases (group 2), children were more than 15 months-old and had
Paunescu E; Institutul de pneumoftiziologie Marius Nasta, Bucuresti.
HIV infection is characterized by CD4+ lymphocyte depletion manifested through the loss of the immune response capacity. The resulting immunodeficit is expressed by the blocking of immune surveillance mechanisms and, thus, by the establishment of favourable conditions to the development of opportunistic infections and
Nuovo GJ; Margiotta M; MacConnell P; Becker J; Department of Pathology, SUNY at Stony Brook 11794-8691.
The low copy number of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) DNA infected cells precludes routine detection by in situ hybridization. The inability to detect cells latently infected by HIV-1 makes difficult the study of factors that induce viral transcription, an essential factor in the development of the acquired im
Sagerman PM; Relman DA; Niroomand F; Niedt GW; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY 10021.
We report a 39-year-old man who had AIDS and who presented with an unusual cutaneous vascular lesion, which was clinically thought to be Kaposi s sarcoma. Histologically, the lesion was characterized by capillary proliferation and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate that included numerous histiocytes. The lesion was found
Am J Perinatol. 1993 Nov;10(6):463-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94092263
Petrozza JC; Monga M; Oshiro BT; Graham JM; Blanco JD; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,; Lyndon B. Johnson General Hospital, University of Texas Health; Science Center, Houston 77026.
We report a case of disseminated herpes zoster in a pregnant patient positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Disseminated zoster was the first manifestation of HIV infection in this patient. In HIV-positive patients, zoster may be complicated by cutaneous dissemination, visceral involvement, and death. In
Tolsdorff P; Facharzt fur Hals-Nasen-Ohrenkrankheiten Plastische Operationen,; Bad Honnef.
The legal conditions in Germany for cleaning and disinfection of endoscopes depend on the terms of reference of the Bundesgesundheitsamt (BGA) and the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Hygiene und Mikrobiologie (DGHM) and the Unfallverhutungsvorschrift (UVV) der Berufsgenossenschaft fur G
Bujia J; Meyer H; Kim C; Hammer C; Wilmes E; Gurtler L; HNO-Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat; Munchen.
With the increasing prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the possibility of a transmission of HIV via allogenic transplants has increased. To assess the risk of transferring HIV with allogenic cartilage grafts we investigated the susceptibility of chondrocytes to the virus. Our results indicate the ab
Riederer A; Zietz C; Held M; Klinik und Poliklinik fur HNO-Kranke,; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen.
Since 1987 233 HIV-infected patients have been treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich. 70% of these patients had advanced immunodeficiency disease (ARC and AIDS). 46 presented a Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in the head and neck region. 91% were h
Haurum JS; Thiel S; Jones IM; Fischer PB; Laursen SB; Jensenius JC; Department of Immunology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
OBJECTIVE: Retroviruses can activate the complement system in the absence of antibodies, and the purpose of this study was to examine whether the serum collection, mannan-binding protein (MBP), could mediate such complement activation. DESIGN: Virus envelope proteins gp120 and gp110 from HIV-1 and HIV-2 were incubated
Martin SJ; Vyakarnam A; Cheingsong-Popov R; Callow D; Jones KL; Senior JM; Adams SE; Kingsman AJ; Matear P; Gotch FM; et al; Department of Immunology, University College London Medical; School, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the immune response to HIV-1 p24 generated in vivo by p17/p24:Ty virus-like particles (p17/p24:Ty-VLP) by examining the lymphoproliferative and antibody (Ab) responses to HIV-1 p24, as well as Gag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), in HIV-seronegative volunteers immunized with hybrid p17/p2
Lillo FB; Cao Y; Concedi DR; Varnier OE; Laboratory of Virology, AIDS Centre San Luigi, Hospital San; Raffaele IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an acid pretreatment method designed to dissociate HIV p24 antigen from immune complexes in serum. DESIGN: Patient sera and sera containing experimental immune complexes were quantified for p24 antigen before and after immune complex dissociation (ICD). The clinical application of ICD was assess
Luxton JC; Williams I; Weller I; Crawford DH; Department of Clinical Sciences, London School of Hygiene and; Tropical Medicine, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether oral acyclovir can eliminate persistent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and thereby prevent EBV-associated lymphoma development in HIV-seropositive homosexual men. METHOD: Persistent EBV infection was examined in a group of 21 HIV-seropositive hom
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) in a cohort of HIV-1-infected patients. METHODS: Prospective longitudinal follow-up of 839 HIV-infected patients, of whom 505 (60%) were parenteral drug users and 269 (32%) homosexual men. Tuberculin skin tests were performed at baseline and annual
Klein RS; Motyl M; Department of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases),; Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in patients with suspected Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). DESIGN: Prospective study of sputum specimens from subjects undergoing diagnostic sputum induction for PCP and medical chart review. SETTING: University hospital in the Bronx, New York
Bessesen MT; Shlay J; Stone-Venohr B; Cohn DL; Reves RR; Denver Disease Control Service, Denver Department of Health and; Hospitals, Colorado.
OBJECTIVE: Mycobacterium genavense is a newly described pathogen that causes disseminated infection in AIDS. It is difficult to detect and identify due to its slow growth and fastidious nature. There is little information available about therapy for this new pathogen. We describe clinical and laboratory features and r
Mientjes GH; van Ameijden EJ; van den Hoek AJ; Goudsmit J; Miedema F; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Department of Public Health and; Environment, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To study markers of progression in a cohort of HIV-infected intravenous drug users (IDU). DESIGN: A prospective epidemiologic study. SETTING AND PATIENTS: We studied progression of HIV infection among 126 IDU attending the Municipal Health Service in Amsterdam. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Progression was defined
Desenclos JC; Papaevangelou G; Ancelle-Park R; European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS,; Hopital National de Saint-Maurice, France.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of knowledge of HIV serostatus on behaviour for preventing the acquisition or transmission of HIV among European injecting drug users (IDU). METHODS: Data on behaviour and prior knowledge of HIV status were gathered during a multicentre cross-sectional survey of 200 European IDU recruite
Cooley PC; Hamill DN; Myers LE; Liner EC; Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the assumption of no long reporting delays on estimates of AIDS incidence. DESIGN: Reported AIDS cases must be adjusted for reporting delays to estimate AIDS incidence. We compared the adjustments supplied with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) AIDS Public Inform
Kleczkowska A; Fryns JP; Van den Berghe H; Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Belgium.
In this report we describe a 24-year-old mentally normal female with spastic paraparesis, premature menopause and with a duplication of Xq22.3-->q27.3. The relationship between the X-chromosomal anomaly and the gonadal and neurological symptoms is discussed.
Howard J; School of Behavioural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New; South Wales, Australia.
Two samples of street youth from the inner city area of Sydney, ranging in age from 13 to 20, with a mean of 17, were surveyed via a lengthy questionnaire. The first survey in 1989/90 (n = 92; 66 males, 26 females) revealed high levels of physical and sexual abuse; violence and negative relationships as major factors
Girard M; Unite de Virologie Moleculaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.
This article reviews the many difficulties met in the development of an effective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including the considerable antigenic variability of the virus, its intracellular mode of transmission, its mucosal port of entry, and the persistent nature of the infection. Progresses
Allard R; Boivin JF; Department of Preventive Medicine, Saint-Luc Hospital, Montreal,; Quebec, Canada.
We considered a simple formulation of the sufficient causes model, in which a preventive agent exerts its effect by preventing a sufficient cause of the disease from occurring, while leaving another sufficient cause unaffected. In a group unexposed to the preventive agent, a case of the disease is caused by whichever
Torre-Cisneros J; Villanueva JL; Kindelan JM; Jurado R; Sanchez-Guijo P; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Regional Universitario; Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain.
We describe two cases of visceral leishmaniasis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); both cases were resistant to antimony compounds but were cured with liposomal amphotericin B, with no significant toxicity. A review of the previous reported cases of antimony-resistant visceral leishmaniasis
Buckner FS; Pomeroy C; Infectious Disease Section (111F), Minneapolis VA Medical Center,; Minnesota 55417.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can cause serious disease in immunocompromised patients. Recipients of solid organ and bone marrow transplants, persons with malignancies, and those receiving immunosuppressive medications are at
Gaydos CA; Fowler CL; Gill VJ; Eiden JJ; Quinn TC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2196.
Chlamydia pneumoniae has now been associated with pneumonia, bronchitis, pharyngitis, acute chest syndrome of sickle cell disease, and asthma. Because of the difficulty of primary isolation and tissue-culture adaptation of this organism, we used a previously developed polymerase chain reaction-enzyme immunoassay (PCR-
Wang RY; Shih JW; Weiss SH; Grandinetti T; Pierce PF; Lange M; Alter HJ; Wear DJ; Davies CL; Mayur RK; et al; Department of Infectious and Parasitic Disease Pathology, Armed; Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C.
Antibodies to Mycoplasma penetrans were found at an unusually high frequency in male homosexuals with AIDS (55 of 149; 37%) and in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected asymptomatic homosexuals (13 of 49; 26.5%) but not in intravenous drug users (3 of 308; 1%) and hemophiliacs (1 of 165; 0.6%) with or without HI
Yinnon AM; Solages A; Treanor JJ; Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Rochester Medical Center,; New York.
A patient developed cryptococcal peritonitis with systemic dissemination during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). This case prompted a search of the literature for cases of cryptococcal peritonitis; 19 previously reported cases were identified. On the basis of their clinical characteristics, these case
Stein DS; Timpone JG; Gradon JD; Kagan JM; Schnittman SM; Medical Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health 20892.
The primary approach to therapy for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be centered around antiretroviral agents that have conferred significant clinical benefits. The considerable degree of immunologic dysfunction in HIV infection, however, has led to intense interest in methods of immune s
Frieden TR; Bia FJ; Heald PW; Eisen RN; Patterson TF; Edelson RL; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Photopheresis is being used with increasing frequency as therapy for patients with neoplastic and dermatologic diseases and is being evaluated as therapy for patients with AIDS. We describe a patient with advanced cutaneous T cell lymphoma who developed pulmonary and cutaneous cryptococcosis after receiving therapy wi
Norrby SR; Whitley RJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Lund, Sweden.
This guideline describes the preclinical documentation required for a new drug active against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and offers suggestions regarding the design and implementation of phase 1, 2, and 3 clinical trials. Drugs with a low level of potential toxicity, especially those that are not nucleoside an
Kihara M; Department of Epidemiology, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research; Institute.
AIDS surveillance in Japan has recently witnessed an abrupt increase in the number of foreign females infected with HIV, which soared from 2 in 1989 to 274 in 1992. To clarify underlying causes for such a phenomenon anti-HIV seropositive rates and anti-HIV testing rates of foreign f
A multipurpose survey in a representative sample of the german population was conducted to obtain sociodemographic data together with data on blood donation history and acceptance of HIV antibody tests. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather information on sexual behaviour. This questionnaire was complet
Can Fam Physician. 1993 Nov;39:2355-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093328
MacPherson DW; Out-Patient Services in Infectious Diseases and Tropical; Medicine, Chedoke-McMaster Hospitals, Hamilton, Ont.
I conducted a retrospective chart review of all HIV antibody test requests received in the laboratory of a community hospital. Despite guidelines calling for pre-test counseling and informed consent, only one test request noted patient consent. Less than 40% documented a physician s order. This article reviews guideli
de Sanjose S; Palacio V; Tafur L; Vazquez S; Espitia V; Vazquez F; Roman G; Munoz N; Bosch FX; Unit of Field and Intervention Studies, International Agency for; Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
The prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and the association of CIN with prostitution was examined in Oviedo, a region in Spain with low incidence of cervical cancer, and in Cali, Co
Linhares MI; Eizuru Y; Stamford WP; Andrade GP; Carvalho Junior LB; Minamishima Y; Laboratorio de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal; de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil.
The seroprevalence of antibodies against cytomegalovirus ( CMV ), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), determined by ELISA and by fluorescence in 54 renal transplanted patients, was 96.2%
J Chromatogr A. 1993 Oct 29;653(1):178-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093719
Madelaine-Dupuich C; Azema J; Escoula B; Rico I; Lattes A; Laboratoire des IMRCP, UA CNRS 470, Universite Paul Sabatier,; Toulouse, France.
A method for checking the purity of N-acyl aminonaphthalene disulphonic acid derivatives was required for a systematic study of the anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of these agents. We describe the use of thin-layer chromatography and flame ionization detection for the separation of these compounds, which ar
Ann Epidemiol. 1993 Mar;3(2):185-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093798
Hinman AR; National Center for Prevention Services, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Many studies show a dramatic relationship between socioeconomic status and disease incidence. Clear racial and ethnic disparities also exist in the occurrence of diseases such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), tuberculosis and syphilis. Consequently, to identify true risk factors for diseases when planning
Ann Epidemiol. 1993 Mar;3(2):193-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093799
Guinan ME; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The belief that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a form of genocide targeted at the black population is prevalent in black communities in the United States . Public health authorities are distrusted, in part because of the legacy of the Tuskegee Study of untreated syphilis,
Iwasaki Y; Department of Neurological Sciences, Tohoku University School of; Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
The central nervous system (CNS) pathology of HTLV-I associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is reviewed, based mainly on 12 autopsy cases of Japanese HAM/TSP with a serological confirmation of HTLV-I infection. The essential histopathological feature of HAM/TSP is a chronic progressive inflamm
Can J Vet Res. 1993 Oct;57(4):305-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94094171
Smith HE; Jacobs RM; Department of Pathology, Ontario Veterinary College, University; of Guelph.
A six month-old sheep was entered into a control group in an experiment designed to study the effects of exposure to the bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV). Anti-BIV antibodies were detected in the serum of this sheep prior to the start of the study; these antibodies persisted for 12 months at which time the ani
Atwood WJ; Berger JR; Kaderman R; Tornatore CS; Major EO; Section on Molecular Virology and Genetics, National Institute of; Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Direct infection of the central nervous system by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of AIDS, was not appreciated in the early years of the AIDS epidemic. Neurological complications associated with AIDS were largely attributed to opportunistic infections that arose as a result of the immu
Weiss PJ; Kennedy CA; Wallace MR; Nguyen MT; Oldfield EC 3d; Department of Internal Medicine (Infectious Disease Division),; Naval Hospital, San Diego, California.
The treatment costs for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients continue to rise as patients survive longer because of advances in antiretroviral therapy and effective chemoprophylaxis. Medication costs per patient increase in proportion to progressive immunodeficiency. We retrospectively studied medicati
Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih. 1993 May;32(5):319-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94094631
Tan LJ; Pang GY; Hong WD; Research Section of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun; Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou.
24 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) were examined for the following items. T lymphocyte subsets of five subtypes of MDS examined with monoclonal antibody were less than that in normal controls. After incubation of peripheral blood lymphocytes with PHA at 37 degrees C with 5% carbon dioxide, the amount of H
Daniel RC; Gatei MH; Good MF; Boyle DB; Lavin MF; Department of Farm Animal Medicine and Production, University of; Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Recently published studies on the development and use of recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) vaccines incorporating either the complete envelope (env) gene or only a fragment of the env gene consisting of the coding sequence for the env glycoprotein 51 (gp51) and part of gp30 of the bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) are descri
Int J Dermatol. 1993 Nov;32(11):835-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94095304
Skelton HG; Smith KJ; Turiansky G; Couzzo D; Lindstrom J; Welch ML; Yeager J; Wagner KF; Department of Dermatopathology, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, DC 20306.
BACKGROUND. While biopsies are often required for adequate diagnosis of skin lesions in HIV-1 infected patients, these procedures result in the possible exposure of medical personnel to blood and contaminated instruments. To reduce exposure of medical personnel to contaminated needles we have used collagen sponges ins
Health Serv Res. 1993 Dec;28(5):543-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94095425
Hellinger FJ; CGHSER, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Rockville, MD; 20852.
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to determine whether women who have been diagnosed with HIV utilize the same volume of medical care services as men who have been diagnosed with HIV. DATA SOURCES. This study uses data from the first wave of interviews of the AIDS Cost and Service Utilization Survey (ACSUS) cond
Helynck G; Dubertret C; Mayaux JF; Leboul J; Rhone-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de recherches de; Vitry-Alfortville Departement Biotechnologies, Vitry sur Seine,; France.
Shroff HJ; Dashatwar DR; Deshpande RP; Waigmann HR; Department of Dermatology & STD, Grant Medical College, Bombay.
We report the first case of AIDS-associated Kaposi s Sarcoma in a 35 year old Indian female, a commercial sex worker, with lesions involving skin and mucous membranes. Diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology, electron microscopy, seropositivity, (ELISA and Western Blot) as well as Pepti-LAV test and viral culture. A
BACKGROUND: To illustrate the burden depression imposes on society, we present estimates of the annual costs of depression--$44 billion--as well as the number of individuals it affects per year--almost 11 million. Although these estimates point to depression as a major illness, this study examines why it is not genera
Karopoulos A; Silvester C; Dax EM; National HIV Reference Laboratory, Melbourne, Australia.
The performance of eight anti-HTLV-I enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and one particle agglutination assay was compared with respect to sensitivity, specificity and delta values, by testing a panel containing 99 anti-HTLV-I positive and 126 anti-HTLV-I negative samples which had been characterised by western blot and some b
Butters JM; Hutchinson RA; Koelbl JJ; Williams JN; Department of Periodontics, Endodontics and Dental Hygiene,; University of Louisville, School of Dentistry, KY 40292.
J La State Med Soc. 1993 Nov;145(11):493-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94095900
LeBlanc KE
Physicians are called upon to provide information and guidance concerning HIV and AIDS. Education and prevention are important elements in halting this dreaded disease. Athletes are at risk for exposure to HIV because of close contact and the potential for bleeding and resulting exposure. The risk of actual transmissi
Miller MD; Warmerdam MT; Gaston I; Greene WC; Feinberg MB; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco,; California 94141-9100.
Considerable controversy and uncertainty have surrounded the biological function of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 nef gene product. Initial studies suggested that this early, nonstructural viral protein functioned as a negative regulatory factor; thus, it was proposed to play a role in establishing or maint
Garrett SJ; Robinson JK; Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Ill. 60611.
The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of five types of disposable protective eyewear devices, to determine variables affecting compliance with the use of protective eyewear, and to determine the frequency of subclinical eye splatter. One hundred volunteer health care providers were assigned to one of
Cumming M; St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
St. Paul s Hospital Palliative Care Unit is a 15-bed integrated AIDS and non-AIDS unit that has been open since 1989. A respite program has also been operating since 1989. Overall admissions to the unit have comprised approximately one-third AIDS patients and two-thirds non-AIDS patients. However, the respite patients
Fontana M; Boldorini R; Zuin G; Tosoni A; Costanzi G; Principi N; Fourth Pediatric Department, University of Milan Medical School,; Italy.
We studied the ultrastructure of duodenal biopsy specimens from six HIV-infected children with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms. A monomorphic pattern of microvillar damage (short and irregular microvilli, joined at their bases) was seen in all cases, even when the mucosa was normal on conventional histology. Among n
Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1993 Sep;9(9):508-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94096464
Yuan HS; Shen SA; Chen JW; Jone KY; Ko YC; School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan, Republic of; China.
This study evaluates changes in nurses knowledge and attitudes about AIDS and changes in their willingness to care for AIDS patients following a 2 hour educational program. The nursing staff of Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital was divided into two groups: an experimental group (n = 280) and a control group (n = 119
Pitt AM; Fleckenstein JL; Greenlee RG Jr; Burns DK; Bryan WW; Haller R; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center at Dallas 75235.
The purpose of this report is to describe our initial experience with techniques employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to guide the choice of muscle to be biopsied in patients suspected of having inflammatory myopathy. Five patients with a clinical diagnosis of inflammatory myopathy (IM) were studied. Four were i
Primary-care physicians can be important providers human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-prevention services to their patients. In 1991, 15% of U.S. adults reported having been tested for HIV antibody; of these, 55% reported their most recent HIV test had been in a physician s office or a hospital. During 1992, CDC and t
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1993 Nov 27;137(48):2486-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94097413
Bakker W; Vinks AA; Mouton JW; de Jonge P; Verzijl JG; Heijerman HG; Ziekenhuis Leyenburg, afd. Longziekten, Centrum voor Volwassen; Cystic Fibrosis Patienten, Den Haag.
OBJECTIVE. To study the feasibility and applicability of Home intravenous antibiotic treatment (HIVAT) in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients in the Netherlands . DESIGN. Prospective, multicentre study in CF patients with an exacerbation of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infectio
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1993 Dec 4;137(49):2541-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94097430
Zaaijer HL; Dudok de Wit C; Cuypers HT; Winkel IN; Lelie PN; Centraal Laboratorium van de Bloedtransfusiedienst van het; Nederlandse Rode Kruis, afd. Virusdiagnostiek, Amsterdam.
OBJECTIVE. To establish the prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I among Dutch blood donors. DESIGN. Study to confirm screening results. SETTING. Central Laboratory of the Blood Transfusion Service of the Dutch Red Cross, section Virus Diagnostics, Amsterdam. METHOD. The majority (550,000) of the Dutch
Sanyal U; De R; Dutta S; Das H; Ghost M; Department of Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer; Institute, Calcutta, India.
Seven new 2-(methylaminosulfonyl)-1-(arylsulfonyl)-1-methylhydrazines were prepared. The anticancer activity of these compounds was assessed in murine Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) by in vivo screening. Moderate in vivo activity in EAC was exhibited by three compounds. All of them were screened in vitro against a ba
Swingler RJ; Department of Neurology, Dundee Royal Infirmary, UK.
It has recently been suggested that multiple sclerosis (MS) may be triggered by a retrovirally encoded superantigen. If true, then MS should be associated with risk factors that predispose to retroviral infection. Blood transfusions represent one such risk factor. 150 Scottish patients with clinically definite or p
P R Health Sci J. 1993 Sep;12(3):203-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94097850
Velez CN; Rodriguez LA; Quinones HM; Schoenbaum E; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public; Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936-5067.
A cross-section of 250 youngsters enrolled in drug treatment programs in Puerto Rico were surveyed in 1991. Even though the surveyed youngsters are not intravenous drug users it was found that they have a high prevalence of behaviors considered by the Centers for Diseases Contr
Rev Med Chil. 1993 May;121(5):503-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94098004
Hurtado C; Brahm J; Chesta J; Latorre R; Velasco M; Centro de Gastroenterologia, Hospital Clinico, Universidad de; Chile, Santiago de Chile.
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B vaccine has demonstrated to be very effective and safe preventing hepatitis B virus infection. Long term protection induced by hepatitis B vaccination depends on the initial immune response and the declining rate of anti-HBs titers. AIM. To investigate early and late response to hepatitis B vac
Stat Med. 1993 Oct;12(19-20):1953-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94098049
Rizzardi M; Mohr MS; Merrill DW; Selvin S; Information and Computing Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley; Laboratory, CA 94720.
In 1990, the United States Bureau of the Census released detailed geographic map files known as TIGER/Line (Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing). The TIGER files, accessible through purchase or federal repository libraries, contain 24 billion characters of data
Donnet A; Graziani N; Harle JR; Durand JM; Touta A; Grisoli F; Service de Neurochirurgie, CHU Timone, Marseille.
Cryptococcal infection is the most common fungal infection of the central nervous system. More than 50% of the cases of cryptococcal infection are superimposed on an immunosuppressive or other general debilitating condition. Cerebral cryptococcosis usually presents as meningitis or meningoencephalitis, although cerebr
Chamouard JM; Smadja D; Chaunu MP; Bouche P; Service de Neurologie, Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris.
A 33 year-old male homosexual infected with human immunodeficiency virus type I developed an asymmetrical and painful neuropathy in the lower limbs. Neuro-muscular biopsy showed a necrotizing vasculitis. There were no clinical features indicative of systemic vasculitis. Prednisone therapy dramatically improved the neu
Bonnet D; Jeandel P; Chouc PY; Molinier S; Raphenon G; Martet G; Merouze F; de Muizon H; Service de Pnumologie, HIA, Marseille.
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in 34 consecutive patients with spondyloarthropathy (SA) compared with 9 controls. Lymphocytic alveolitis was found in the SA group with decrease in the ratio of the CD4/CD8 subsets in both lung and blood. Neutrophilic alveolitis was also found in 5 patients with SA of long d
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1993 Dec 4;123(48):2284-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94098257
Oertle D; Edelmann R; Ostewalder J; Vernazza PL; Galeazzi RL; Medizinische Klinik A, Kantonsspital St. Gallen.
In Switzerland , an estimated 15-25% of intravenous drug users (IVDUs) are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It has been suggested that reduction of HIV-transmission-prone behavior could be achieved in so-called early intervention programs. Few public prevention
South Med J. 1993 Dec;86(12):1415-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94098387
Stogner SW; King JW; Black-Payne C; Bocchini J; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Medical; Center, Shreveport.
We have described a patient, immunocompromised from an infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, who had rapidly progressive measles complicated by measles pneumonia and respiratory failure. Rapid improvement in the patient s condition followed therapy with inhaled ribavirin and intravenous immune globulin. Pat
South Med J. 1993 Dec;86(12):1418-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94098388
Aboaf AP; Mehler PS; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences; Center, Denver.
Many different tumor types have been described in patients with AIDS; carcinoid tumors, however, are a distinct exception to this phenomenon. Our case illustrates the asymptomatic presentation of a large abdominal carcinoid in an HIV-infected man, and further expands the list of neoplasms that have been found in this
Tschopp K; Universitatsklinik fur Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten,; Kantonsspital Basel.
Hearing impairment in children may severely affect language acquisition. Therefore, early identification and expedient auditory rehabilitation is important. Hearing impairment should be diagnosed within the first year of life. Unfortunately, hearing handicap is still recognized at an average age of two years. In 70% o
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1993 Nov 30;113(29):3568-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94098566
Steen TW; Mosinki KT; District Health Team, Molepolole, Botswana.
The prevalence of HIV infection in a group of Botswana tuberculosis patients was studied in a linked, anonymous survey that included 214 cases. The testing was done by ELISA serology. 45 of 214 patients (21%) were HIV positive. The HIV seropositivity reached 29% in the age group
Kuhne JH; Refior HJ; Orthopadische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat; Munchen.
Recently, the availability of bone allografts has declined dramatically, due to the three-month HIV test which is often difficult to obtain. Accordingly, there is a search for methods to inactivate HIV in bone allografts without compromising the biologic quality of the grafts. Chemical substances require long exposure
Vet Microbiol. 1993 Sep;36(3-4):369-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94098788
Grail A; Harbour DA; Stokes CR; Gruffydd-Jones TJ; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
We have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing of the amplified products to obtain information of the molecular nature of an FIV isolate, T637. Cats experimentally infected with T637 have progressed to clinical immunodeficiency disease. The 5 long terminal repeat (LTR), most of the genes codin
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1993;143(16-17):464-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94098886
Horner M; Dermatologischen Abteilung, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Wien.
Interferons (IFN) provide a systemic alternative for the therapy of human papillomavirus (HPV) induced anogenital warts. Local therapy cannot totally eliminate latent viral genome in the perilesional epithelium. This causes the danger of new exacerbations. Reviewing different reports and by own therapeutic experience
Am Ann Deaf. 1993 Oct;138(4):338-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94099260
Luckner JL; Gonzales BR; University of Northern Colorado.
AIDS is a major problem for current and future generations. Lack of information about it, including how it is transmitted and how it can be prevented, places adolescents at risk. This study focused attention on the knowledge and opinions of deaf and hard-of-hearing adolescents on the topics of HIV and AIDS. The result
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1993;19(4):399-408. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94099321
Nwanyanwu OC; Chu SY; Green TA; Buehler JW; Berkelman RL; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service,; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia; 30333.
As of June 30, 1991, 182,834 AIDS cases in the United States had been reported to the Centers for Disease Control, of which 58,879 (32.2%) were associated with illicit drug use. Of these, 39,904 (70.0%) were in both women and heterosexual men reported as injecting drug users (IDUs), 11
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1993;19(4):409-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94099322
Schilling RF; el-Bassel N; Gilbert L; Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, New York; 10025.
This study identified predictors of reported sexual risk reduction among 109 female injection drug users enrolled in methadone clinics. Univariate analyses were used to examine the individual effects of each variable on the outcome of sexual behavior change over the past 6 months. Multiple logistic regression was then
Am J Gastroenterol. 1994 Jan;89(1):129-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94099343
Cimponeriu D; LoPresti P; Lavelanet M; Roistacher K; Remigio P; Marfatia S; Glatt AE; Division of Gastroenterology, Catholic Medical Center of Brooklyn; and Queens, Inc., Jamaica, New York.
Primary gastrointestinal infection is an uncommon manifestation of histoplasmosis. It is almost always associated with disseminated disease and/or an immunocompromised host. The ileum and cecum are the most common sites involved. We report two cases of primary gastrointestinal histoplasmosis in HIV-seropositive men wh
Am J Gastroenterol. 1994 Jan;89(1):133-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94099345
Patel NR; Oliva PJ; McCoy S; Soike DR; Leeper SC; Thomas E; Department of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, James H.; Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City Medical Center; Hospital.
Mullins JR; Harrison PB; Department of Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine,; Wichita.
Trauma patients have been identified as a high-risk group for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, particularly those patients with penetrating injuries from urban violence. We prospectively evaluated more than 2,000 trauma patients for HIV infection at our ACS-certified trauma center and report the results.
Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1993;12(4):421-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94099515
Voglozin J; Marchand B; Picard D; Le Bonhomme JJ; Guittard Y; Service d'Anesthesie-Reanimation, Centre Hospitalier,; Lagny-Marne-la-Vallee.
A 40-year-old man was admitted for a major haemorrhage from the upper gastro-intestinal tract. An emergency gastrectomy was performed to control the bleeding. The histopathological study revealed a non-Hodgkinian lymphoma associated with an AIDS, which had remained unknown. The postoperative period was complicated by
do Prado GF; da Silva AB; Lima JG; Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Sao Paulo, Brasil.
We studied the EEG of 73 patients diagnosed with HIV infection, with or without secondary complications. Sixty-eight belonged to CDC (Center for Disease Control) group IV and 38 presented signs or symptoms of encephalic neurological impairment. Rhythms constituting base activity were alpha (65.75%), beta (13.70%), the
Krumm A; Meulia T; Groudine M; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
Regulation of transcriptional elongation is emerging as an important control mechanism for eukaryotic gene expression. In this essay, we review the basis of the current view of the regulation of elongation in the human c-myc gene and discuss similarities in elongation control among the c-myc, Drosophila hsp70 and the
Kanekura T; Setoyama M; Hamada T; Katahira Y; Tashiro M; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima; University, Japan.
We examined T-cell receptor gene rearrangement in skin lesions and peripheral blood from 6 patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) using the Southern blot method and a c beta 1 probe. A rearrangement signal common to skin lesions of all 6 patients was observed. One patient (Case 4) exhibited another rearrangement si
Ishii N; Moriguchi N; Nakajima H; Tanaka S; Amemiya F; Department of Dermatology, Yokohama City University School of; Medicine, Japan.
Suppressor T cell function was studied in nickel sulfate (NiSO4) delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH). NiSO4 in drinking water administered orally to normal mice for 10 weeks elicited no significant footpad swelling. However, after drinking water for 7 weeks, suppression of footpad swelling response was not detected. S
Berkely S; Health Sciences Division, Rockefeller Foundation, New York, New; York 10036.
The pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is rapidly becoming a tropical disease. Sub-Saharan Africa alone currently accounts for approximately 60% of the estimated > 11 million infections worldwide. In Africa the virus is transmitted heterosexually and in many areas is now widely dispersed in the g
Chuang CY; Chang PY; Lin KC; AIDS Advisory Committee, Department of Health, Executive Yuan,; Republic of China.
From May 1985 to December 1992, a total of 5,931,032 serum samples from eight population groups were tested for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV). Mandatory testing is carried out for blood donors, military recruits, immigrants, and prisoners. The other population groups were tested anonymously wit
Pape J; Johnson WD Jr; Division of International Medicine, Cornell University Medical; College, New York, New York.
Haiti was one of the first countries where AIDS was recognized, a burden that led to the stigmatization of an entire nation resulting in serious long-term economic, social, and psychological consequences. Sixty percent of urban hospital beds are now occupied by patients infected wit
Murray HW; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cornell University Medical; College, New York, New York.
Patients rendered T cell-deficient by advanced disease due to human immunodeficiency virus, an underlying neoplastic disorder, or immunosuppressive therapy are vulnerable to a select group of opportunistic infections. These infections, which often fail to respond to conventional therapy, provide the clinical setting i
Sepkowitz KA; Infectious Disease Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer; Center, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York; 10021.
In the 1980s, tens of thousands of cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) occurred in persons with AIDS, making it the most common opportunistic infection encountered in this patient population. Thus, the presentation and clinical course of PCP became well-known to many physicians. Overshadowed by this epidemic
Young LS; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases, San; Francisco, California 94115.
Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria should be considered in the diagnostic approach to febrile immunocompromised patients. In patients with AIDS, organisms of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are the most common bacterial causes of disseminated infection. Effective means of both
Riley LW; Division of International Medicine, Cornell University Medical; College, New York, New York 10021.
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) is an iatrogenic disease that is emerging as a major infectious disease problem throughout the world. The AIDS pandemic, increased incidence of tuberculosis in populations with easy access to antituberculosis medications, the deterioration of the public health infrastructure, a
Biophys J. 1993 Oct;65(4):1513-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94100414
Mely Y; Piemont E; Sorinas-Jimeno M; de Rocquigny H; Jullian N; Morellet N; Roques BP; Gerard D; Laboratoire de Biophysique de la Faculte de Pharmacie,; Universite Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg I, Illkirch, France.
The steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence properties of two zinc-saturated 18-residue synthetic peptides with the amino acid sequence of the NH2-terminal (NCp7 13-30 F16W, where the naturally occurring Phe was replaced by a Trp residue) and the COOH-terminal (NCp7 34-51) zinc finger domains of human immunodefici
Chin Med Sci J. 1993 Mar;8(1):41-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94100513
Tang D; Qu G; Pang X; Lang Y; Liang Y; Yu Y; Zeng Y; Shao Y; Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang Medical University, Hangzhou.
Four Chinese hemophiliacs with HIV infection have been followed up in Zhejiang Province since 1985. A plan for optimal care of HIV seropositive patients was proposed, including surveillance and care; clinical follow-up and preventive education of asymptomatic HIV seropositive patients; keeping the disease confidential
Azon-Masoliver A; Vilaplana J; Department of Dermatology, Hospital de Sant Joan, Reus, Spain.
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are prone to severe drug reactions, mainly from sulfonamides. We report the case of a 33-year-old male patient with HIV infection (group IV C-2 of CDC staging system) that developed a toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) affecting more than 70% of the body surface
Eichmann A; Huszar A; Bon A; City Clinic of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Zurich,; Switzerland.
A case of a 28-year-old African HIV-1 positive patient is presented. After an abscess following an intragluteal injection in Africa the patient developed an enlargement of the inguinal lymph nodes. Mycobacterium chelonae was isolated from the enlarged lymph nodes.
Seltzer DG; Brown MD; Tompkins JS; Enger I; Cammisa FP Jr; Department of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Maricopa; County Medical Center, Arizona 85010.
Two hundred twenty-four consecutive patients underwent elective posterior lumbar spinal surgery over a 3 1/2-year span at the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center. Patients ranged in age from 17 to 87 years, and 58% were male. Fifty-eight patients underwent revision surgery, and 65 patients required fus
BMJ. 1993 Dec 11;307(6918):1517-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94100752
Schutz R; Savarit D; Kadjo JC; Batter V; Kone N; La Ruche G; Bondurand A; De Cock KM; Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
OBJECTIVE--To examine the potential impact of deferral of blood donors at high risk of HIV infection in a west African city where blood is screened for HIV antibodies but no other special measures are taken to protect the blood supply. DESIGN--Cross sectional study. SETTING--National Blood Transfusion Centre and Proje
Hosp Health Netw. 1994 Jan 20;68(2):52-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94101026
Taylor KS
Experts say collaboration and coordination of AIDS services among providers and agencies can improve and streamline the delivery of care, as well as reduce unnecessary costs. Meanwhile, White House AIDS policy coordinator Kristine Gebbie has definite ideas about the next steps in handling the AIDS crisis.
Epstein RM; Christie M; Frankel R; Rousseau S; Shields C; Williams G; Suchman AL; Department of Family Medicine, Highland Hospital, Rochester, NY.
OBJECTIVE: To examine physicians perceptions, motivations, and influences on their willingness to care for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN: Interviews with 30 physicians. Qualitative content and narrative analyses were performed. SETTINGS: Community-based primary care practices in six moderat
Ann Epidemiol. 1993 May;3(3):272-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94101204
Calzavara LM; Coates RA; Raboud JM; Farewell VT; Read SE; Shephered FA; Fanning MM; MacFadden D; Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Faculty of; Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada.
The current study investigated the association between the use of recreational drugs at the time of sexual activity and high-risk sexual behavior in a Toronto cohort of 249 homosexual and bisexual men over a 5-year period commencing in 1984 to 1985 and concluding in 1989 to 1990. The main analysis was based on a total
Ann Epidemiol. 1993 May;3(3):281-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94101205
Schoenbach VJ; Landis SE; Weber DJ; Mittal M; Koch GG; Levine PH; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University; of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7400.
We studied human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence and risk factors in 3052 clients attending three large public, sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in central North Carolina in mid-1988. Anonymous self-administered questionnaires linked to HIV serologies obtained by testing extra blood from syphilis
Ann Epidemiol. 1993 Jul;3(4):434-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94101226
Koziol DE; Saah AJ; Odaka N; Munoz A; Hospital Epidemiology Service, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical; Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We analyzed cross-sectional data from 1062 homosexual men recruited in Baltimore during 1984, to directly compare risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Using polychotomous logistic regression, risk factor odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were determined for men
Cancer. 1994 Jan 1;73(1):224-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94101560
Nadal D; Caduff R; Frey E; Hassam S; Zimmermann DR; Seigneurin JM; Pluss HJ; Seger RA; University Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Zurich,; Switzerland.
BACKGROUND. Reports on lymphoid malignancy and its treatment in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are limited. METHODS. Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes or biopsy specimens. Polymerase chain
Cancer Res. 1994 Jan 15;54(2):552-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94101635
Sato KY; Polakis PG; Haubruck H; Fasching CL; McCormick F; Stanbridge EJ; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of; Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92717.
Overexpression of the human K-rev-1 gene in v-Ki-ras-transformed NIH 3T3 cells has been reported to result in the reversal of transformation and tumor suppression. To address whether human K-rev-1 is a tumor suppressor gene of human tumor cells, we have systematically transfected epitope-tagged wild-type or activated
Kimmel RD; Karp MP; Cascone JJ; Zinns JS; Department of Surgery, West Boca Medical Center, Boca Raton,; Florida.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients represents a growing problem for chest physicians. For thoracic surgeons, spontaneous pneumothorax and recurrent or persistent pneumothoraces can complicate this disease, requiring surgical intervention. Minimally invasive videothoracoscopy has now become a standard form
Miller WT Jr; Sais GJ; Frank I; Gefter WB; Aronchick JM; Miller WT; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic features of pulmonary aspergillosis as they present in AIDS patients; in particular, to determine similarities and differences between Aspergillus infection in patients with AIDS vs those without AIDS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Six new cases of confirmed or probable pul
Neville K; Bromberg A; Bromberg R; Bonk S; Hanna BA; Rom WN; Department of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York; University Medical Center, New York 10016.
We recently observed a striking increase in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among patients admitted to the Chest Service at Bellevue Hospital Center in New York. We reviewed the laboratory susceptibility test results of 4,681 tuberculosis (TB) cases over the past 20 years, Combined resistance to isoniazid an
O'Riordan TG; Baughman RP; Dohn MN; Smaldone GC; Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony; Brook.
Recent studies have suggested that failure of pentamidine prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) may be due to reduced deposition of pentamidine in the upper lobes. In this study, we performed bronchoalveolar lavage from the apical segment of the upper lobe and the middle lobe in 51 HIV-positive pati
Tsuge I; Matsuoka H; Abe T; Kamachi Y; Torii S; Department of Paediatrics, Nagoya University School of Medicine,; Japan.
The X chromosome inactivation analysis of eight female relatives was performed to elucidate the X chromosome gene defect of six male hypogammaglobulinaemic individuals. The patients had diminished numbers of circulating B-cells and no relevant family history. The methylation status of three X-linked genes, phosphoglyc
FEBS Lett. 1994 Jan 3;337(1):4-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94102400
Johnson ME; Lin Z; Padmanabhan K; Tulinsky A; Kahn M; Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Illinois; at Chicago 60612-7230.
HIV gp120 is specifically cleaved at a single site in the V3 loop between Arg315 and Ala316 by thrombin. Previous observations by others have indicated that binding to CD4 enhances the rate of V3 loop cleavage, and that this cleavage is a prerequisite for HIV infection. Other observations also suggest that the cleavag
Tata M; Kumar A; Feiner H; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, NY.
Core biopsies of the bone marrow are indispensable in the evaluation of fever of unknown etiology in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. We report two patients in whom visceral leishmaniasis was diagnosed based on the typical morphology, staining characteristics, and ultrastructure of the organisms.
Prakash JV; Khare PM; Haridas V; Department of Microbiology, Grant Medical College, Byculla,; Bombay.
A commercially available particle agglutination test (PA) was evaluated for its specificity and sensitivity as compared to ELISA currently used in our laboratory to detect HIV-I antibodies. A total of 463 sera from blood donors and clinical referrals were screened by PA, 45 were found to be positive (9.7%). Out of 463
Int J Health Serv. 1993;23(4):665-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94102893
Cain R; School of Social Work, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,; Canada.
The 1980s witnessed the development of community-based AIDS service organizations across North America. This article looks at how these community groups can become increasingly formalized and professionalized over time. The article is based on an in-depth examination of one AIDS organization in Ontario,
Int J Health Serv. 1993;23(4):685-702. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94102894
Low N; Egger M; Gorter A; Sandiford P; Gonzalez A; Pauw J; Ferrie J; Smith GD; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of; Berne, Switzerland.
The AIDS epidemic in Nicaragua is several years behind that in the United States and neighboring countries of Central and South America. A combination of events, including the isolation caused by the war of the U.S.-backed Contra army against the
Health Visit. 1993 Dec;66(12):438-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94103002
Appleby S; Moore C
Primary health care workers have a vital role in offering advice, support and comfort to families affected by Aids and HIV, write Sue Appleby and Corinne Moore. Here they describe the specialist health visiting service provided in Parkside, west London, for parents and children with HIV infection. But generic health v
Health Visit. 1993 Dec;66(12):441-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94103003
Watson M
Health promotion on HIV/Aids should be integral to the work of health visitors and school nurses, writes Michael Watson. But this work must be fully evaluated to ensure effectiveness. Here he describes the evaluation of HIV/Aids health promotion and looks in particular at approaches and methods suitable for individual
Health Visit. 1993 Dec;66(12):443-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94103004
Stevens SJ
Health visitors in Northamptonshire carried out a survey of mothers attending child health clinics to determine their knowledge and awareness of HIV and Aids. The aim was to ascertain levels of need for further health education for professional health workers and, in turn, their client groups. Susan J Stevens et al de
Health Visit. 1993 Dec;66(12):445-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94103005
Lang C
Access to families affected by HIV in their own home puts health visitors in a prime position to encourage health promotion strategies for people with HIV infection, and to recognise and make early referral for rehabilitation needs, writes Cherry Lang. Here she describes how physiotherapy and stress management techniq
A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to detoxified HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative intravenous drug users. There were few problems related to administering the test battery to the groups in question. Of the total sample, 28% obtained an Halstead-Reitan Impairment Index > .4, indicating central ne
Kiene K; Hsu B; Rowe D; Carruthers A; Division of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles.
The practice of dermatology has always carried with it the risk of patient-acquired infection. This review covers health risks associated with the care of HIV-infected patients and patients who are chronic carriers of hepatitis B or C virus, protection options to reduce exposure, and protocols should exposure occur. H
Csiszar JW; Zimmern PE; Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Los; Angeles, California.
A 31 year old human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) patient presented with an asymptomatic left testicular mass. Radical orchiectomy was performed, and pathology revealed a Sertoli cell tumor. This unique case prompted a review of the literature on testicular tumors in HIV patients, with special emphasis on inc
Longfield JN; Brundage J; Badger G; Vire D; Milazzo M; Ray K; Gemmill R; Magruder C; Oster CN; Roberts C; US Army Health Services Command, Fort Sam Houston, Texas; 78234-6000.
Routine military screening identified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in an asymptomatic dentist who had three prior negative antibody tests. A look-back investigation evaluated the provider and the practice and provided notification, counseling, and HIV testing for patients. Test results were linked to d
Dieterich DT; Lew EA; Kotler DP; Poles MA; Orenstein JM; New York University Medical Center, New York.
To determine the efficacy and safety of albendazole for treatment of intestinal microsporidosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi, 29 patients with AIDS were studied. All had chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and evidence of malabsorption. After 1 month of treatment with albendazole (400 mg orally twice a day), the mean num
Sierra-Madero JG; Toossi Z; Hom DL; Finegan CK; Hoenig E; Rich EA; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University,; University Hospital of Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4984.
The level of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes (MP) from the blood and pulmonary alveoli from 14 HIV-1-infected subjects during early (asymptomatic) and late (AIDS) stages of disease and the relationship between virus burden in MP and cytokine expression were assesse
Safrin S; Kemmerly S; Plotkin B; Smith T; Weissbach N; De Veranez D; Phan LD; Cohn D; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Six human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients had clinical lesions of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 that showed in vitro resistance to foscarnet. In each patient, lesions were unresponsive to foscarnet therapy or developed during daily suppressive foscarnet. Five patients had a history of intermittent or chro
Schacker T; Coombs RW; Collier AC; Zeh JE; Fox I; Alam J; Nelson K; Eggert E; Corey L; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle.
In vitro, low-passage clinical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates require up to 1000 times greater serum levels of recombinant soluble CD4 (rsCD4) than have ever been given. To determine if sufficient serum levels of rsCD4 provide in vivo inhibition of HIV-1, 4 HIV-1 plasma-viremic subjects were give
McElrath MJ; Corey L; Berger D; Hoffman MC; Klucking S; Dragavon J; Peterson E; Greenberg PD; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle.
Previous studies indicate that immunization with recombinant (r) vaccinia-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp160 and boosting with baculovirus-derived HIV-1 rgp160 results in stronger cellular and antibody responses than those following either vaccine alone. The durability of immunity over 1 year was evalua
Mascola JR; Louwagie J; McCutchan FE; Fischer CL; Hegerich PA; Wagner KF; Fowler AK; McNeil JG; Burke DS; Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Rockville, MD 20850.
At least five distinct genetic subtypes (genotypes) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have been identified by DNA sequencing. Current vaccine candidates are based on virus strains from North America and Europe that represent only one subtype. The extent to which distinct genotypes of HIV-1 correspond to a
Pardridge WM; Bickel U; Buciak J; Yang J; Diagne A; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
Transmembrane transport and endocytosis of antibodies is facilitated by cationization, when the isoelectric point of the antibody is raised to the cationic range. The present studies describe the preparation of affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies directed against a 16-amino acid synthetic peptide corresponding to
Milani D; Zauli G; Neri LM; Marchisio M; Previati M; Capitani S; Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Ferrara, Italy.
Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells were permanently transfected with a plasmid vector, containing the tat gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Various clones were obtained showing the production of different levels of bioactive Tat protein (Tat) after transient cotransfection with an HIV-1 long terminal r
Benedetto A; Garbuglia AR; Di Caro A; Lo Presti E; Alfani E; Delfini C; Centre of Virology, S. Camillo Hospital, USL RM 10, Rome, Italy.
Compared with other T cell lines, C8166 lymphocytes are particularly susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the outcome is invariably cell death. The results reported in this study demonstrate that the virus-induced cytolysis is strongly dependent on the initial cell density of C8166 cultures.
Laurent-Crawford AG; Hovanessian AG; Institut Pasteur, Unite de Virologie et d'Immunologie Cellulaire; (UA CNRS 1157), Paris, France.
Large quantities of genome-sized viral DNA are detected in the nucleoplasm of CD4+ T cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This unintegrated HIV DNA is in the form of both circular and linear species. Accumulation of such DNA occurs gradually during a 5 day HIV infection and is correlated wi
Knight JB; Stinski MF; Stoltzfus CM; Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
The level of RNA transcripts in human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells initiated from the avian sarcoma virus (ASV) long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter was stimulated more than 10-fold when the cells were also infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). HCMV was able to stimulate tr
Caswell R; Hagemeier C; Chiou CJ; Hayward G; Kouzarides T; Sinclair J; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, U.K.
The 86K immediate early (IE) 2 protein of human cytomegalovirus trans-activates a number of homologous and heterologous promoters, including the cellular promoter for the 70K heat-shock protein (hsp70), and the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat. We have previously s
Nerurkar VR; Babu PG; Song KJ; Melland RR; Gnanamuthu C; Saraswathi NK; Chandy M; Godec MS; John TJ; Yanagihara R; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
Human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection in India has been found to be associated with adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) among life-long residents of southern India. To examine the heteroge
Caravokyri C; Pringle CR; Leppard KN; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick,; Coventry, U.K.
The p55 gag gene of simian immunodeficiency virus macaque strain (SIVmac) and the core p27 gag component linked to a synthetic AUG codon have been cloned into adenovirus type 5 vectors to generate either viable E3-replacement or defective E1-replacement viruses. The viruses express the expected SIV proteins in both hu
Vallat JM; Dumas M; Grunitzky EK; Akani F; Diop G; Ramiandrisoa H; Denis F; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University; Hospital, Limoges, France.
Patients (n = 1166) with various neurological disorders hospitalized in Dakar, Abidjan, Lome and Ouagadougou were examined prospectively over a 42-month period. Seropositivity for HTLV-I alone was found to be 1.8%, which is comparable to that estimated for the general population in Africa. Eighteen of the patients wit
Ishikawa E; Hashida S; Kohno T; Hirota K; Hashinaka K; Ishikawa S; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Miyazaki, Japan.
The sensitivity and specificity of enzyme immunoassay for antibodies in body fluids have been improved considerably by transferring the complex of labelled antigen and antibody to be detected from one solid phase to another to eliminate interfering substance(s) in the samples (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassa
Yamasaki K; Otake T; Mori H; Morimoto M; Ueba N; Kurokawa Y; Shiota K; Yuge T; Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Japan.
The anti-HIV-1 effects of 204 crude drugs of common use in Japan were evaluated in vitro. As a result, 45 samples inhibited HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells. In particular, the hot water extracts of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (root) and Prunella vulgaris (spike) showed
Padovani B; Sedat J; Mouroux J; Diaine B; Chanalet S; Thyss A; Hofman P; Lepidi X; Bruneton JN; Service Central de Radiologie, Hopital Pasteur, Nice.
Twenty-four patients with AIDS presenting with Kaposi s sarcoma of the lung were retrospectively studied to assess the merits of thoracic radiographs and of CT for the diagnosis of this disease. Evidence for Kaposi s sarcoma of the lung was given by a characteristic fiberendoscopic appearance in 10 cases and by the hi
J Med Chem. 1993 Dec 24;36(26):4152-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94104010
Waller CL; Oprea TI; Giolitti A; Marshall GR; Center for Molecular Design, Washington University, St. Louis,; Missouri 63130.
Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine the correlations between the calculated physicochemical properties and the in vitro activities of a series of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)
J Med Chem. 1993 Dec 24;36(26):4250-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94104022
Goudgaon NM; Naguib FN; el Kouni MH; Schinazi RF; Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Atlanta), Decatur, Georgia; 30033.
Lithiation of 5-bromo-2,4-bis(benzyloxy)pyrimidine (3) with n-BuLi at -80 degrees C followed by the addition of diphenyl diselenide or diphenyl disulfide as an electrophile furnished the corresponding 5-(phenylhetera)-2,4-bis(benzyloxy)pyrimidine, which on exposure to trimethylsilyl iodide in CH2-Cl2 at room temperatu
Hirose K; Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Fuchu General; Hospital.
Dyskinesia, here, is considered to be synonymous with abnormal involuntary movement (AIM). AIMs are recognized in various infections of the central nervous system, of which Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) are thought to be the most important. The two show myoclonus and ot
Osawa M; Maruyama S; Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical College.
Periodic movements in sleep (nocturnal myoclonus) are characterized by a triple flexion of the ankle, knee and hip, which are particularly evident during 1-2 and 2-3 sleep stages. Iijima et al (1991) reported these movements in 5 out of 7 HAM patients, suggesting that nocturnal myoclonus is not rare in HAM. L-dopa and
Mukae H; Morikawa T; Kusano S; Sawa H; Sakito O; Morikawa N; Oda H; Kadota J; Kohno S; Hara K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University; School of Medicine, Japan.
To determine whether HTLV-I infection is associated with uveitis, we investigated the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells in 23 patients with uveitis. Of these, sarcoidosis was diagnosed in 13 patients, but could not be confirmed in the remaining 10 patients (non-sarcoidosis). Three of 13 patients (23.1%) with s
Tsai CC; Follis KE; Grant RF; Nolte RE; Wu H; Benveniste RE; Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington,; Seattle 98195.
The 50% macaque infectious dose (MID50) and pathogenesis of uncloned simian immunodeficiency virus (isolated from a pigtailed macaque, SIVmne) was determined in longtailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Five pairs of macaques were inoculated with 10-fold dilutions of the virus stock, and one macaque was mock-infected
Six cases of AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) exhibited peculiar cellular changes in the cerebellar granular layer. These cells without discernible cytoplasm showed hypochromatic nuclei about twice as large as those of normal granule cells. They were restricted exclusively to the granul
Garcia PA; Bredesen DE; Vinters HV; Graefin von Einsiedel R; Williams RL; Kahn JO; Byers VS; Levin AS; Waites LA; Messing RO; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; 94143.
Trichosanthin is a ribosome-inactivating protein that is being studied as a possible treatment for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We report the clinical and pathological features in two patients who experienced neurological reactions to trichosanthin. Both patients were neurologically asymp
Lane RJ; McLean KA; Moss J; Woodrow DF; Academic Unit of Neuroscience, Charing Cross and Westminster; Medical School, London.
Muscle biopsies were obtained from 33 consecutive HIV-infected patients with symptoms suggestive of muscle disorder. Twenty-three patients had clinical evidence of myopathy; 18 of these had been taking zidovudine ( AZT ) for between 8 and 28 months, and
Jo HS; Hawaii AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Honolulu.
After eight decades of decline, cases of tuberculosis (TB) have increased substantially since 1985. This increase is attributed largely to a reactivation of disease in persons who are coinfected with TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Multiple-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has a high mortality rate (70
Barton EC; Employee Health Services, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Within the past decade, anaphylaxis from latex products has been a recognized clinical crisis. Immediately after contact with latex, the patient can experience urticaria, nasorhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, hypotension, and shock. Health care workers, children with spina bifida, patients with a history of urogenital
Hollister WS; Canning EU; Colbourn NI; Curry A; Lacey CJ; Department of Biology, Imperial College of Science, Technology; and Medicine, London.
A microsporidium of the genus Encephalitozoon was isolated into culture from the nasal epithelium of a patient with AIDS. It was compared with in vitro isolates of Encephalitozoon cuniculi and the type isolate of Encephalitozoon hellem by SDS-PAGE and by Western blotting with murine antisera raised to E. cuniculi, E.
Flynn PM; St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis.
The number of HIV-infected children and adolescents is expected to increase during the next decade. Most of these patients are likely to receive nearly all of their healthcare from primary care physicians. Management must be multifaceted and consist of medical care for acute illnesses, routine pediatric care that incl
Hughes WT; Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research; Hospital, Memphis.
The number of drugs available for treatment and prevention of opportunistic infections in patients who are seropositive for HIV infection is limited, although some agents currently being studied show promise. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, the most common opportunistic infection, can be effectively managed, although
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 4;91(1):365-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94105170
Brady HJ; Miles CG; Pennington DJ; Dzierzak EA; Laboratory of Gene Structure and Expression, National Institute; for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom.
The identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the etiologic agent of AIDS has led to the proposal of novel intervention strategies to block HIV infection and viral replication or eliminate HIV-infected cells. We have produced recombinant retroviruses for a molecular ablation system, whereby a toxin gene
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 4;91(1):78-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/L19931
Miller DG; Edwards RH; Miller AD; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
The host and tissue specificity of retrovirus infection is largely determined by specific cellular receptors that mediate virus entry. Genes encoding these receptors are widely distributed in the genome, and the receptors identified to date show no sequence similarity. We have identified the cellular receptor for amph
1. The biological and psychological aspects of breastfeeding (along with the common problems) need to be considered if success is to occur. 2. Most mothers can breastfeed. 3. Mothers with severe anatomical abnormalities, who are HIV positive, have active TB or whose children have inherited mono- or disaccharide intole
Bungener C; Kosmadakis CS; Jouvent R; Widlocher D; Groupe COGNEM, INSERM 302, Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris,; France.
1. The evaluation of emotional disturbances, depression and anxiety in 25 HIV-Positive paired with 25 HIV-Negative male homosexuals and a control group of 15 HIV-Negative male heterosexual have shown the presence of emotional perturbations and especially of an emotional blunting, in absence of depressive or anxious ep
Daley CL; University of California, San Francisco.
Individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are more susceptible to bacterial infections because of defects in both cellular and humoral immunity. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are the most common causes of bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. However, more unusual b
Stansell JD; University of California, San Francisco.
Fungal infections account for a large number of AIDS-index diagnoses and complicate the course of most patients with HIV disease. Infection with Cryptococcus neoformans is the most commonly encountered deep-seated fungal infection in AIDS and represents a major threat to HIV-infected people worldwide. Although most pa
Chin DP; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco; General Hospital Medical Center, CA 94110.
Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, nontuberculous mycobacterial infections have been reported with increasing frequency in HIV-infected patients. Although Mycobacterium avium complex has been responsible for the majority of these infections, an increasing number of other nontuberculous mycobacteria have been re
Irwin DH; Kaplan LD; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco.
Significant progress has been made in the treatment and prophylaxis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated infections. As patients with HIV infection live longer, more cases with HIV-associated malignancies are being reported. Pulmonary complications of HIV-associated Kaposi s sarcoma and
Davis L; Beck JM; Shellito J; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Medical; Center, New Orleans 70112.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) produces profound alterations in host defense mechanisms throughout the respiratory tract. The extent of alteration of specific defenses varies with the stage or duration of HIV infection in the host. In the upper respiratory tract, HIV-infected individuals have de
Ng V; Yajko D; Hadley WK; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco School of Medicine.
Various diagnostic tests, both specific and nonspecific, are available in the clinical laboratories for diagnosing human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection and associated respiratory pathogens. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia remains the most common pulmonary disease in HIV-1-infected individuals and there have
Safrin S; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Pneumocystis carinii infection remains extremely common in the immunocompromised patient population, particularly in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, despite the availability of effective prophylaxis. Although most commonly presenting as an acute pneumonia, the organism can infect a multitud
Rev Med Chil. 1993 Jun;121(6):614-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94105603
Suarez M; Quero MS; Ramirez E; Depto de Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina,; Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile.
Aiming to know the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection among high risk groups in Santiago, the antibodies against HTLV-1 were measured in 502 prostitutes coming from north and east Santiago. Antibodies were measured using ELISA and the positive samples were confirmed with an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Four subj
Boulos M; Departamento de Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias da Faculdade; de Medicina da USP, Brasil.
Fluconazole therapy was evaluated prospectively in 108 patients with immunosupression and serious fungal infections. Patients were enrolled if they had a life-threatening fungal infection and conventional therapy had failed to eradicate infection, had caused serious toxic reactions, or was contraindicated. Patients we
Covas DT; Boturao Neto E; Zago MA; Regional Blood Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto,; Brazil.
The frequency of viral markers for hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) was evaluated in 32 Brazilian beta-thalassemia multitransfused patients. Additionally the serum concentrations of ferritin and alanine aspartate transaminase (ALAT) were de
The diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis (BA) was performed on a biopsy of a reddish nodular lesion of the gingival mucosa, in a patient seropositive for the H.I.V. It was based on the histopathological features, and by the demonstration of bacilli both on the Warthin-Starry s
Science. 1994 Jan 21;263(5145):380-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94105767
Lam PY; Jadhav PK; Eyermann CJ; Hodge CN; Ru Y; Bacheler LT; Meek JL; Otto MJ; Rayner MM; Wong YN; et al; Department of Virology Research, DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical; Company, Wilmington, DE 19880.
Mechanistic information and structure-based design methods have been used to design a series of nonpeptide cyclic ureas that are potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease and HIV replication. A fundamental feature of these inhibitors is the cyclic urea carbonyl oxygen that mimics the hydrogen-bo
The nef gene located in the 3 region of the HIV-2 genome encodes an N-terminally myristylated protein of 27-35 kD, likely to be involved in the regulation of viral transcription. The nef genes of HIV-2 isolates GH-1, ROD, ST, BEN, and D194.17 were inserted into E. coli pEX vectors and expression of Nef beta-galactosi
West J Med. 1993 Nov;159(5):560-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94106140
Salpeter SR; Primary Care Division, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, CA 95128.
Isoniazid chemoprophylaxis has long been known to be a highly effective means of preventing silent tuberculous infections from spreading to active disease. There has been much controversy, however, about the risk it carries for fatal hepatotoxicity. In this article I review the rate of fatal isoniazid-induced hepatiti
Acta Med Port. 1993 Aug-Sep;6(8-9):393-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94106312
Bau J; Teotonio R; Pacheco MH; Mafra M; Coutinho F; Servico de Medicina 1. Pavilhao O, Hospital Curry Cabral,; Lisboa.
The increasing incidence of primary brain lymphoma appears to be real in immunologically normal people. However, lymphoma of the central nervous system has a much higher incidence in patients with immune deficient status as in renal and cardiac transplants, patients with IgA deficiency, or Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Th
Hildebrand J; Service de Neurologie, Hopital Erasme, U.L.B., Belgium.
The contribution of stereotactic biopsy (SB) in three pathological conditions; neoplastic disease, immunodeficiency states and degenerative cerebral atrophy, is reviewed. When craniotomy is contraindicated, SB is the most reliable method for demonstrating the neoplastic nature and the degree of malignancy of an intrac
Chakeres DW; Zawodniak LJ; Bornstein RA; McGhee RB Jr; Whitacre CC; Department of Radiology, Ohio State University College of; Medicine, Columbus 43221.
PURPOSE: Adenopathy is a well-known component of AIDS-related complex. Our goal was to determine whether asymptomatic HIV-infected persons have characteristic findings of head and neck adenopathy on MR imaging and whether there is an association between the MR findings and the CD4 lymphocyte counts. METHODS: We blindl
The authors report on the pathologic findings in three cases of disseminated infection with Mycobacterium genavense, a recently described nontuberculous mycobacterium, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-I-positive patients. The mycobacterium was identified by amplification of a 16S rDNA gene fragment and subsequent
Kingma DW; Medeiros LJ; Barletta J; Raffeld M; Mann RB; Ambinder RF; Jaffe ES; Hematopathology Section, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was identified in a subset of cases of Hodgkin s disease (HD) and in some non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHLs), particularly those associated with immunodeficiency. Because patients with HD have associated immune system defects, we hypothesized that EBV might be involved in NHLs associated with HD.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Dec;49(6):657-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94106705
Duenas-Barajas E; Bernal JE; Vaught DR; Nerurkar VR; Sarmiento P; Yanagihara R; Gajdusek DC; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
The coexistence of infection with human T lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) has been demonstrated recently among the Wayuu Indians from the Guajira region of Colombia . To ascertain if other Indian groups in Colo
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Dec;49(6):664-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94106706
Gabbai AA; Bordin JO; Vieira-Filho JP; Kuroda A; Oliveira AS; Cruz MV; Ribeiro AA; Delaney SR; Henrard DR; Rosario J; et al; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
A seroprevalence study for human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and HTLV-2 was conducted in Sao Paulo, Brazil among 2,312 individuals that included following groups: 1,148 volunteer blood donors, 37 patients with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), 53 with lymphoproliferative
Chen LH; Huang CY; Osio Y; Fitzpatrick EA; Cohen DA; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kentucky,; Lexington.
Whether ethanol (ETOH) abuse could contribute to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive drug abusers is a critical question for which little experimental information is available. This study was designed to determine if chronic ETOH feeding and mu
Wang Y; Huang DS; Giger PT; Watson RR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; Arizona, Tucson 85724.
Ethanol (ETOH) consumption has been associated with general suppression of the immune response, resulting in increased susceptibility to infection. Chronic dietary ETOH consumption may be one of the cofactors accelerating development of human acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) after retrovirus infection. Chron
Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1993;120(6-7):448-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94106924
Carsuzaa F; de Jaureguiberry JP; Carloz E; Arnoux D; Service de Dermatologie, HIA Sainte-Anne, Toulon Naval.
Hard plaques located in pressure areas were observed in an HIV-infected male patient at the AIDS stage. Histological examination of the skin showed necrosis of the eccrine sweat glands. The relationship between this disease and eccrine neutrophilic hidradenitis observed in HIV infection is discussed. The authors propo
Gosselin G; Perigaud C; Lefebvre I; Pompon A; Aubertin AM; Kirn A; Szabo T; Stawinski J; Imbach JL; Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, U.R.A. C.N.R.S. n. 488,; Universite de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du; Languedoc, Montpellier, France.
The monomeric and symmetrical dimeric 5 -hydrogenphosphonate derivatives of AZT were prepared and evaluated for their inhibitory properties against HIV-1 in several cell lines. The synthesis of the compounds was achieved by reaction of AZT with in sit
Puech F; Gosselin G; Lefebvre I; Pompon A; Aubertin AM; Kirn A; Imbach JL; Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, U.R.A. C.N.R.S. n. 488,; Universite de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du; Languedoc, Montpellier, France.
On the basis of three different models (namely: ddU, AZT and PMEA), mononucleotide phosphotriester derivatives were designed to be able to liberate the corresponding monophosphate (or phosphonate) inside the cell through a reductase-mediated activatio
Mahmood N; Pizza C; Aquino R; De Tommasi N; Piacente S; Colman S; Burke A; Hay AJ; MRC Collaborative Centre, London, UK.
Of a variety of flavanoids, the flavans were generally more effective than flavones and flavanones in selective inhibition of HIV-1, HIV-2 or SIV infection. Studies of their effects on the binding of sCD4 and antibody to gp120 indicated that the effective compounds interact irreversibly with gp120 to inactive virus in
Czarniecki CW; ICOS Corporation, Seattle, Bothell, Washington 98021.
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is one of the many cytokines that comprise a complex intertwined network of biological response modifiers that takes on extreme significance as the host response to infectious diseases. Soluble factors such as Interleukin-2 and Interferon-gamma released by T cells and Interleukin-1, Interle
Barlough JE; North TW; Oxford CL; Remington KM; Dandekar S; Ellis MN; Pedersen NC; Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University; of California, Davis 95616.
Three groups of specific pathogen-free (SPF) domestic cats, each containing 5 animals, were infected with one of three closely related FIV variants and monitored for 36 weeks. A fourth group of 5 cats was sham-infected and served as uninfected controls. FIV variants included: (1) a fully virulent animal passaged FIV-P
Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reactivation in latently infected cells by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors has been described. Based on an initial finding with the indolocarbazole inhibitor Go 6976 we have examined several members of this new class of potent and specific PKC inhibitors with res
Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1993 Sep;73(3):209-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107010
Skalsky J; Ndumbe PM; Presbyterian General Hospital Manyemen, Kumba, Cameroon.
Manyemen, a rural community in Cameroon , has now been hit by the HIV epidemic. This paper describes the experiences gained at the Presbyterian General Hospital in Manyemen between 1990 and 1992 regarding HIV infection in pregnant women, AIDS case management, counseling and home v
Birkmeyer JD; AuBuchon JP; Littenberg B; O'Connor GT; Nease RF Jr; Nugent WC; Goodnough LT; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Dartmouth Medical; School, Hanover, New Hampshire.
Concern about the safety of the allogeneic blood supply has made preoperative autologous blood donation (PAD) routine before major noncardiac operations. However, the costs and benefits of PAD in elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are not well established. We used decision analysis to (1) calculate the co
Ann Thorac Surg. 1994 Jan;57(1):216-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107040
Forbes AD; Marchioro TL; Schmidt RA; Wood B; Verrier ED; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Washington,; Seattle 98195.
B-cell lymphoma in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus is usually a disseminated process that occasionally involves the lungs. Surgical diagnosis is often necessary to distinguish this from other neoplasms or opportunistic infections of the lung. We report a case of pulmonary B-cell lymphoma in a p
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994 Jan;51(1):39-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107080
Maj M; Janssen R; Starace F; Zaudig M; Satz P; Sughondhabirom B; Luabeya MA; Riedel R; Ndetei D; Calil HM; et al; Division of Mental Health and Global Programme on AIDS World; Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
BACKGROUND: Most available studies on the psychiatric, neuropsychological, and neurological complications of HIV-1 infection and AIDS have been conducted in Western countries, on samples of well-educated, mostly white, homosexual men. Concerns about generalizability of the results of those investigations prompted the
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994 Jan;51(1):51-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107081
Maj M; Satz P; Janssen R; Zaudig M; Starace F; D'Elia L; Sughondhabirom B; Mussa M; Naber D; Ndetei D; et al; Division of Mental Health and Global Programme on AIDS, World; Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
BACKGROUND: The neuropsychological and neurological complications of HIV-1 infection and AIDS were explored within the cross-sectional phase of the WHO Neuropsychiatric AIDS Study. Special attention was devoted to the controversial issue of the prevalence and clinical significance of subtle cognitive deficits in asymp
Kudsk KA; Mowatt-Larssen C; Bukar J; Fabian T; Oellerich S; Dent DL; Brown R; Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and aggressive nutrition on CD4/CD8 ratios following head injury. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: An urban level 1 trauma center. PARTICIPANTS: Head-injured patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 4 to 10 within 6 hours of ho
Dolei A; Serra C; Arca MV; Tilocca F; Pietravalle M; Alemanno L; Toniolo A; Ameglio F; Institute of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari,; Italy.
The production of cytokines by HIV-infected cells from adherent tissues as well as their effects on HIV replication in the same cells were investigated. CD4-transfected HeLa-T4-6c epithelial cells, CD4-positive normal lung fibroblasts and CD4-negative RD rhabdomyosarcoma cells were infected with HIV-1. All cultures we
In combination with HIV gp120 V3-loop antibody, two carbohydrate specific neutralizing antibodies (83D4 and 2G12) had a synergistic neutralizing effect on HIV infection. However, sCD4 and an antibody which blocks gp 120/CD4 binding (1B1) both displayed antagonism.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Dec 30;197(3):1229-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107321
Holzmeister J; Ludewig B; Pauli G; Simon D; Abteilung Biochemie, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) driven transcription is regulated by a variety of cellular transcription factors. Most work has focused on the two nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) elements indispensable for HIV-1 LTR enhancer function. We demonstrate here the specific binding of th
Ann Pathol. 1993;13(4):233-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107389
Hofman P; Michiels JF; Saint-Paul MC; Galibert A; Marty P; Durant J; Fuzibet JG; Mouroux J; Le Fichoux Y; Loubiere R; Service d'Anatomopathologie, CHU Nice.
We report 78 cases of toxoplasmosis diagnosed between 1987 and 1992, from an autopsy study of 205 patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Of the 78 patients 22 were females (28%) and 56 males (72%). Risk factors were as follows: intravenous drug addiction (44 cases, 56%), homosexuality or bisexual
Clerici M; Sison AV; Berzofsky JA; Rakusan TA; Brandt CD; Ellaurie M; Villa M; Colie C; Venzon DJ; Sever JL; et al; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
OBJECTIVE: To study a possible correlate of protection in mother-to-infant transmission of HIV infection. In particular, to determine whether lack of HIV-specific T-helper (TH) function as indicated by HIV and non-HIV antigen-stimulated interleukin (IL)-2 production of mother and/or newborn peripheral blood leukocytes
OBJECTIVE: To determine the features and the prevalence of intestinal-dysfunction in HIV-infected children and to investigate its relationship to diarrhoea, growth failure, immune dysfunction and enteric pathogens. DESIGN: Case controlled, cross-sectional multicentre study. SETTING: Children enrolled in tertiary care
OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with a first episode of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) in patients with HIV infection. DESIGN: A case-control study. SETTING: University teaching hospital HIV inpatient unit. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nineteen HIV-infected patients with CDAD, defined as dia
Hamour AA; Bonnington A; Hawthorne B; Wilkins EG; Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine,; University of Manchester, UK.
OBJECTIVE: Cryptosporidium is a well recognized cause of AIDS-related sclerosing cholangitis for which no efficacious therapy exists at present. We evaluated the efficiency of the combination of paromomycin and letrazuril in the treatment of this condition. CASE REPORT: We report a case of cryptosporidial cholangitis
Bouvet E; Casalino E; Mendoza-Sassi G; Lariven S; Vallee E; Pernet M; Gottot S; Vachon F; Clinique de Reanimation des Maladies Infectieuses, Faculte; Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors in a nosocomial outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium bovis (MDRMB) tuberculosis (TB) among HIV-infected patients. DESIGN: We evaluated the study period (from the first to the last MDRMB smear-positive patients hospitalized in the unit) using a case-control study with three
Wagner HU; Kamali A; Nunn AJ; Kengeya-Kayondo JF; Mulder DW; Medical Research Council (UK) Research Programme on AIDS in; Uganda, Entebbe.
OBJECTIVES: The AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa affects whole communities, adding to the already high burden of morbidity. Reports of AIDS cases are usually from hospital attenders, often diagnosed using the World Health Organization (WHO) clinical case definition. Little is known
Brindle RJ; Nunn PP; Batchelor BI; Gathua SN; Kimari JN; Newnham RS; Waiyaki PG; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of acute infection as a cause of morbidity in patients with tuberculosis. DESIGN: Cross-sectional documentation of predefined acute morbid events. SETTING: Infectious Diseases Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya . PATIENTS: Adults (> or = 15 years), inpatients and
Jackson JB; Kataaha P; Hom DL; Mmiro F; Guay L; Ndugwa C; Marum L; Piwowar E; Brewer K; Toedter G; et al; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University,; Cleveland, OH 44106.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical utility of plasma beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) levels, acid-dissociated HIV-1 p24 antigen, and HIV-1 p24-antibody titers in predicting HIV-1 vertical transmission in 227 HIV-1-infected Ugandan pregnant women. DESIGN: Plasma beta 2M levels, acid-dissociated HIV-1 p24-antigen posit
Sokal DC; Buzingo T; Nitunga N; Kadende P; Standaert B; Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, North; Carolina 27709.
OBJECTIVE: To establish whether HIV seroprevalence in Bujumbura is stable or continuing to increase. METHODS: HIV seroprevalence data among pregnant women from 1986 were compared with comparable data from 1991-1992. RESULTS: HIV seroprevalence among antenatal clinic attendees at three sites was 10.5, 28.0 and 11.9% in
OBJECTIVE: To study factors associated with HIV seropositivity among European injecting drug users (IDU). METHODS: Data on behavioural and other factors potentially associated with HIV status were collected retrospectively by personal interview with IDU (n = 2330) in a multicentre cross-sectional survey conducted in 1
Kennedy CA; Skurnick J; Wan JY; Quattrone G; Sheffet A; Quinones M; Wang W; Louria DB; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health,; University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey; Medical School, Newark 07103.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between psychological distress, alcohol, drug and condom use in HIV-serodiscordant heterosexual couples. METHODS: Structured interviews were conducted to collect demographic information, detailed data on psychological distress, drug and alcohol use and sexual behavior. RESULT
Noone A; Durante AJ; Brady AR; Majid F; Swan AV; Parry JV; Hart GJ; Connell JA; Perry KR; Joce RE; et al; Public Health Laboratory Service AIDS Centre, Communicable; Disease Surveillance Centre, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To monitor trends in HIV infection and associated risk behaviours in injecting drug users (IDU) in England and Wales. DESIGN: Ongoing voluntary unlinked anonymous cross-sectional survey. METHOD: IDU attending centres in 1990 and 1991 were invited to complete a brief questionnaire requesting demographic and
Davis PB; Yee RL; Chetwynd J; McMillan N; Department of Community Health, Auckland Medical School, New; Zealand.
OBJECTIVE: To implement and evaluated a national survey of sexual behaviour using computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). DESIGN: A two-stage stratified national sample survey in which households were selected by random digit-dialing (RDD), with a single eligible interviewee per selected household, followed b
Potterat JJ; Woodhouse DE; Rothenberg RB; Muth SQ; Darrow WW; Muth JB; Reynolds JU; El Paso County, Department of Health and Environment, Colorado; Springs, CO 80910.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze trends and patterns of HIV infection in a medium-sized community in the United States . METHODS: Surveillance for AIDS and HIV infection was conducted by private physicians, military and public clinics, and blood and plasma donation centers. HIV-positive individual
Wall PG; Porter K; Noone A; Goldberg DJ; Public Health Laboratory Service AIDS Centre, Communicable; Disease Surveillance Centre, London, United Kingdom.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) as the initial AIDS-defining disease in adult AIDS cases in the United Kingdom is changing over time and to examine factors likely to affect it. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 4419 adult AIDS cases
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):1007-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107587
Gu R; Westervelt P; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
The envelope protein is an important determinant of HIV-1 cell-specific tropism. The gp160 envelope precursor proteins from macrophage-tropic or T lymphoid cell line-tropic strains of HIV-1 were expressed in recombinant vaccinia virus-infected cell lines or primary lymphocytes or macrophages. No significant difference
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):1017-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107588
Seth A; Hodge DR; Thompson DM; Robinson L; Panayiotakis A; Watson DK; Papas TS; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201.
ets is a multigene family and its members share a common ETS DNA-binding domain. ETS proteins activate transcription via binding to a purine-rich GGAA core sequence located in promoters/enhancers of various genes, including several that are transcriptionally active in T cells. The ETS1, ETS2, and ERBG/Hu-FLI-1 gene ex
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):1025-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107589
Michaels FH; Hattori N; Gallo RC; Franchini G; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vif gene (viral infectivity gene) plays an important role in viral replication in vitro. We demonstrated that the Vif protein is membrane associated in HIV-1-infected cells and have investigated the role in viral replication of the equivalent gene in HIV-2. We constructe
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):929-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107593
Nermut MV; Grief C; Hashmi S; Hockley DJ; National Institute for Biological Standards and Control,; Hertfordshire, England.
Specimens of HIV and SIV have been examined by electron microscopy, using the techniques of conventional thin sectioning, freeze-substitution, cryosectioning, and cryomicroscopy of frozen hydrated specimens. In addition freeze-drying and critical point drying were used for both shadowed replicas and scanning electron
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):963-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107597
Paul NL; Marsh M; McKeating JA; Schulz TF; Liljestrom P; Garoff H; Weiss RA; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, England.
We have used Semliki Forest virus (SFV) vectors to express both the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope precursor gp160 and the cleaved external portion gp120. Expression of the foreign gene in this system is by transfection of recombinant SFV RNA, or by infection with a recombinant SFV virus that has
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):979-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107599
Shirai A; Klinman DM; Section of Retroviral Immunology, Food and Drug Administration,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
A strain of mouse transgenic for the env gene of the HIV-1 virus was used to study the immunogenicity of a gp160-derived vaccine (the protein encoded by the HIV env gene) and its effect on disease progression. Untreated transgenic mice frequently developed a rapidly progressive renal disease similar to that affecting
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):997-1006. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
Murphy E; Korber B; Georges-Courbot MC; You B; Pinter A; Cook D; Kieny MP; Georges A; Mathiot C; Barre-Sinoussi F; et al; Public Health Research Institute, New York, New York 10016.
Nucleotide sequences of the central portion of gp120, including the third hypervariable (V3) loop, were obtained from lymphocytes cocultivated with SupT1 cells from 29 AIDS patients in Bangui, Central African Republic . These sequences displayed significantly greater
Serraino D; Carbone A; Franceschi S; Tirelli U; Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN),; Italy.
To assess whether the histological pattern of Hodgkin s disease (HD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients differs from that among HD patients without HIV infection, the observed (O) number of HD cases according to histological subtype [i.e. lymphocyte predominance (LP), nodular sclerosis (NS), mixed
Geier SA; Kronawitter U; Bogner JR; Hammel G; Berninger T; Klauss V; Goebel FD; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Munich Hospital,; Germany.
Ophthalmic and neurological complications are frequent findings in patients with AIDS. Little is known about neuroretinal dysfunction in patients with HIV infection. The purpose of this study was to measure and evaluate colour vision in patients with HIV infection or AIDS. Colour contrast sensitivity tests were perfor
Lauret E; Riviere I; Rousseau V; Vieillard V; De Maeyer-Guignard J; De Maeyer E; CNRS-URA 1343, Institut Curie, Orsay, France.
We are developing methods for somatic cell gene therapy directed against chronic and fatal virus infections, such as acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS), by transforming cells with a constitutively expressed interferon (IFN) coding sequence. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that stable antiviral expression (SA
Liem SE; Ramezani A; Li X; Joshi S; University of Toronto, Department of Microbiology, Ontario,; Canada.
Trans-dominant mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat and Rev are attractive candidates for use in gene therapy in the treatment of HIV-1 infections because both are essential for viral replication. Retroviral vectors were constructed to allow either Tat-inducible or Tat- and Rev-inducible expressi
Walker R; Blaese RM; Carter CS; Chang L; Klein H; Lane HC; Leitman SF; Mullen CA; Larson M
This phase I/II pilot project will evaluate the survival, tolerance, safety, and efficacy of infusions of activated, gene marked, syngeneic T lymphocytes obtained from HIV seronegative identical twins on the functional immune status of HIV infected twin recipients. T cells from each seronegative twin will be obtained
Ann Hematol. 1993 Dec;67(6):259-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107972
Wieding JU; Hellstern P; Kohler M; Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital,; Gottingen, Germany.
Methylene blue (MB) or solvent/detergent (SD) treatment is used for the inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses in plasma. One important characteristic of the SD treatment is the necessity to pool plasma from different donors, thus inducing the risk of spreading infectious particles. MB treatment can be applied to sin
Ann Hematol. 1993 Dec;67(6):295-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107977
Al EJ; Visser SC; Broersen SM; Stienstra S; Huisman JG; Department of Development Research, The Netherlands Red Cross; Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
Leukocyte filtration was performed with HTLV-I-infected blood and with blood supplemented with cultured HTLV-I-transformed cells. Reduction of infectivity upon leukocyte filtration was determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers indicative for the HTLV-I-pol and tax genes. Two different commerciall
Int J Med Microbiol Virol Parasitol Infect Dis. 1993 Sep;280(1-2):186-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94108158
Benz J; Hasbach H; Brenden M; Eidt S; Fatkenheuer G; Schrappe M; Geisel J; Goossens H; Mauff G; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene,; Universitat zu Koln, Germany.
The prevalence of H. pylori associated gastritis seems to be different in HIV positive and HIV negative patients. Therefore a correlation to immunodeficiency can be postulated. The histology of gastritis, status of H. pylori infection and parameters of humoral and cellular immune response were investigated in 41 HIV p
BMJ. 1993 Nov 13;307(6914):1235-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94108282
Brennan M; Runganga J; Barbara JA; Contreras M; Tedder RS; Garson JA; Tuke PW; Mortimer PP; McAlpine L; Tosswill JH; et al; North London Blood Transfusion Centre.
OBJECTIVES--To determine the prevalence of antibodies to the human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma viruses (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) in blood donors in north London in order to assess the economic impact and the logistic effects that routine screening would have on the blood supply. DESIGN--All donations collected by the north L
BMJ. 1993 Dec 4;307(6917):1447-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94108320
Lindgren S; Bohlin AB; Forsgren M; Arneborn M; Ottenblad C; Lidman K; Anzen B; von Sydow M; Bottiger M; Huddinge Hospital, Sweden.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the effectiveness of a national screening programme for HIV infection in pregnant women. DESIGN--Observational study. SUBJECTS--All pregnant women presenting to antenatal or abortion clinics. SETTING-- Sweden , September 1987 to December 1991. MAIN OUTCOME MEA
Leishmaniasis are parasitic diseases in extension. They appear in new foci, because of important displacements of populations, and they affect immunocompromised patients (under chemotherapy, transplanted, or HIV infected). Study of 33 cases of leishmaniasis, 22 visceral and 11 cutaneous, at the Hopital du Kremlin-Bice
Leal R; Lewin M; Ahmad I; Korula J; Liver Unit, University of Southern California School of Medicine,; Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center, Downey 90242.
The investigation of ascites in a homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and mucocutaneous Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) revealed only numerous purplish nodules of KS in the parietal and serosal peritoneum, observed at laparoscopy. KS lesions of the peritoneum, a finding not reported in the literature previous
Newell J; Senkoro K; Mosha F; Grosskurth H; Nicoll A; Barongo L; Borgdorff M; Klokke A; Changalucha J; Killewo J; et al; African Medical and Research Foundation, Mwanza, Tanzania.
OBJECTIVE--To determine risk factors for syphilis and sexually transmitted disease (STD) syndromes, and to study health seeking behaviour among those with STD syndromes, in the population of Mwanza Region, North-Western Tanzania . METHODS--A population-based random cluster sample
Vuylsteke B; Bastos R; Barreto J; Crucitti T; Folgosa E; Mondlane J; Dusauchoit T; Piot P; Laga M; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
OBJECTIVE--To assess the extent of the sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) problem in a rural area of Mozambique . METHODS--A cross sectional study among pregnant women and patients presenting with genital complaints. Laboratory confirmation was done for gonorrhoea, chlamydial
Shah PN; Iatrakis GM; Smith JR; Wells C; Barton SE; Kitchen VS; Kourounis G; Steer PJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Charing Cross and; Westminister Medical School, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the changing patterns of HIV infection in women in three units in London. SUBJECTS--Three hundred and fifty seven HIV seropositive women who have attended outpatient clinics between 1984 and 1992. METHODS--A retrospective review of data obtained from a computerised database and supplemented by
Radcliffe KW; Tasker T; Evans BA; Bispham A; Snelling M; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital,; London, UK.
OBJECTIVE--To compare sexual behaviour and HIV risk behaviour between women in three clinical settings and to investigate the effect of socio-economic status and ethnic origin upon these behaviours. SUBJECTS AND METHODS--A questionnaire was administered to 1,950 women attending clinics for genitourinary medicine (GUM)
Conde-Glez CJ; Calderon E; Juarez-Figueroa L; Hernandez-Avila M; National Institute of Public Health Cuernavaca, Mor. Mexico.
This paper reviews the history of sexually acquired diseases in Mexico . It is divided into four major chronological sections which discuss social attitudes and values, the development of services and of official policy, and historical epidemiology.
Int J Addict. 1993 Oct;28(12):1243-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94109967
Brown BS; Psychology Department, University of North Carolina at Wilmington; 28403-3297.
The drug user counselor role is explored in terms of its changing nature over the course of the past 25 years. Initially, the drug user counselor could be characterized as a professional based on his or her experience, or as an ex-addict paraprofessional in the language of that time. Working very largely with a heroin
Mascalchi M; Canavero S; Arnetoli G; Pagni CA; Cattedra di Radiologia, Universita di Pisa.
We report an unusual case of idiopathic thoracic intradural arachnoid cyst causing a chronic progressive spastic paraparesis in a 72 year old man. Symptoms completely resolved after surgical excision of the cyst.
Pincus SH; Messer KG; Hu SL; Laboratory of Microbial Structure and Function, National; Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes; of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
We have investigated the systemic anti-HIV antibody response in chimpanzees who were immunized with live vaccinia containing either the HIV envelope glycoprotein (gp160IIIB) or a control antigen (herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D) and then challenged with either a high dose (300,000 TCID50) or low dose (100 TCID50)
Lamers SL; Sleasman JW; She JX; Barrie KA; Pomeroy SM; Barrett DJ; Goodenow MM; Department of Pathology, University of Florida College of; Medicine, Gainesville 32610.
The extent of nucleotide variation within the HIV-1 env hypervariable domains serves as a marker of virus genotypes within infected individuals and as a means to track transmission of the virus between individuals. We analyzed env V1 and V2 sequences in longitudinal samples from two HIV-1-infected mothers, each with t
Davies J; Everall IP; Lantos PL; Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Psychiatry, London.
AIMS--To identify the number and geographical distribution of post mortem examinations performed on HIV infected cadavers; to identify the areas that perform post mortem examinations so that, by invitation and discussion, a national post mortem network could be initiated. METHODS--A nationwide survey of Royal College
Lidov MW; Maldjian J; Glajchen N; Som PM; Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, City; University of New York, New York 10029.
A 41-year-old man with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis with retinal detachment was studied with CT and MR. Part of his treatment had been a vitrectomy with intravitreal injection of silicone oil as an attempt to stop further retinal detachment. This form of therapy is being used
Whiteman ML; Dandapani BK; Shebert RT; Post MJ; Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33136.
OBJECTIVE: We describe the unusual syndrome of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) polyradiculomyelitis and its MR findings in two patients with AIDS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical records and MRI studies of two patients with AIDS an
J Immunol. 1994 Jan 15;152(2):505-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94110605
Nykjaer A; Moller B; Todd RF 3rd; Christensen T; Andreasen PA; Gliemann J; Petersen CM; Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
The ability of activated T lymphocytes to extravasate and reach inflammatory and malignant foci in the tissues is a basic function of cellular immunity. Recent evidence strongly suggests that the urokinase receptor (uPAR) holds a central position in the development of human two-chain urokinase-mediated pericellular pr
J Immunol. 1994 Jan 15;152(2):537-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94110608
Salomon B; Lores P; Pioche C; Racz P; Jami J; Klatzmann D; Laboratorie de Biologie et Genetique des Pathologies; Immunitaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA; 1463, Paris, France.
Dendritic cells (DC) are professional Ag-presenting cells that play a major role in T cell-mediated immune responses and in thymocyte differentiation. To better analyze their physiological importance, we sought to generate transgenic mice presenting a conditional DC deficiency. We used a strategy based on the cell-spe
J Immunol. 1994 Jan 15;152(2):549-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94110609
Shirai M; Pendleton CD; Ahlers J; Takeshita T; Newman M; Berzofsky JA; Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, National; Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
CTL are a critical component of protective immunity against viral infections, but requirements for in vivo priming of CTL are not completely understood. Covalent linkage of a helper determinant to a CTL determinant, analogous to that required for cognate help for antibody production, does not appear to be necessary in
J Immunol. 1994 Jan 15;152(2):724-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94110627
Chen GH; Curtis JL; Mody CH; Christensen PJ; Armstrong LR; Toews GB; Pulmonary Section, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Ann Arbor, MI.
Cryptococcus neoformans, a pathogenic fungus usually acquired by inhalation, causes the most common lethal mycosis in AIDS. The resident lung phagocytes, alveolar macrophages (AM phi), inhibit growth of C. neoformans poorly unless activated by cytokines such as IFN-gamma. In this study, we examined the effect of rat A
J Immunol. 1994 Jan 15;152(2):943-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94110651
Yang J; Hagan MK; Offermann MK; Winship Cancer Center, Atlanta, GA 30322.
IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine that functions as an autocrine growth factor for AIDS-derived Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) cells. We report that IL-6 is highly inducible at both the mRNA and protein levels in cultured KS cells by multiple agents, yet the effect of the IL-6 on the proliferation of KS cells is dependent on
J Med Virol. 1993 Oct;41(2):114-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94110773
Delfini C; Garbuglia AR; Alfani E; Di Caro A; Sette P; Benedetto A; Laboratory of Cell Biology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
Several reports show that the prevalence of HBV (hepatitis B virus) carriers in HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infected populations is significantly higher than in HIV seronegative individuals, independent of the risk group for HIV, that is, homosexuals or drug abusers. In this context, evaluation of the simultane
J Med Virol. 1993 Oct;41(2):159-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94110779
Connell JA; Parry JV; Mortimer PP; Duncan J; Virus Reference Division, Central Public Health Laboratory,; London, United Kingdom.
Epidemiological evidence and laboratory studies indicate that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV 1) is rarely, if ever, transmitted in saliva or urine. In that both specimens are easy to collect, each may be a useful alternative to serum specimens for anti-HIV screening. A rapid, simple, and robust IgG-capture e
Epstein J; Scully C; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Division of Oral Medicine &; Clinical Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,; Canada.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus, emerging as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised persons, particularly those infected with human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). Clinical syndromes caused by HCMV are usually not specifically identifiable without l
Nakano T; Sano K; Nakai M; Department of Microbiology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki.
There are several methods to detect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; the detection of antibodies against HIV, the detection of HIV particles, and the detection of HIV infected cells. The detection of anti-HIV antibodies is practical, but the antibodies are undetectable both on a seronegative person at the
Heinic GS; Stevens DA; Greenspan D; MacPhail LA; Dodd CL; Stringari S; Strull WM; Hollander H; Department of Stomatology, University of California, San; Francisco.
Oropharyngeal candidiasis develops in up to 95% of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Oral fluconazole is frequently prescribed for persons who are human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive as initial or suppressive therapy for oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis or as suppressive therapy for crypt
Hammerle CH; Schiodt M; Lackner AA; Armitage GC; Daniels TE; Greenspan JS; Oral AIDS Center, University of California, San Francisco.
To study the influence of experimental infection with simian retrovirus-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus on the number and distribution of Langerhans cells in oral mucosa of rhesus monkeys, 10 monkeys were intravenously inoculated with simian retrovirus-1, 7 with simian immunodeficiency virus, and 2 were mock-inocu
Nathoo KJ; Mason PR; Gwanzura L; Kowo H; Mubaiwa L; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of; Zimbabwe Medical School, Harare.
Postmortem blood cultures were taken from 105 neonates dying at Harare Hospital during a 1-year period. The infants were characterized by prematurity (63%
Joel P; Shao W; Pratt K; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of; Vermont, Burlington 05405.
We report here the discovery of HMBP, a protein in nuclei of human T-helper lymphocytes and other human cell types, which binds with enhanced affinity to a promoter element in the HIV-1 long terminal repeat when that element is methylated at CpGs, the target site of the human DNA methyltransferase. This promoter eleme
Pol Arch Med Wewn. 1993 Sep;90(3):226-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112023
Radkowski M; Mian M; Laskus T; Kaminska E; Zaklad Immunopatologii, Instytut Chorob Zakaznych i; Pasozytniczych Akademii Medycznej, Warszawie.
A primary HIV infection presenting as an acute viral syndrome in 31-years-old male drug addict is described. Two weeks after the probable infection the patient presented with fever, sweats, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhoea, myalgia, arthralgia, headaches, macular eruption, generalized lymphadenopathy, paresthesia and thr
Silberstein CH; O'Dowd MA; Schoenbaum EE; Friedland GH; Chartock P; Feiner C; McKegney FP; Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
The authors conducted a study to examine the association between neuropsychological markers of central nervous system impairment and systemic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression in a sample of 64 HIV-positive asymptomatic patients who were followed for a median of 45.6 months. Patients with poorer b
Hernigou P; Kergrohen F; Julieron A; Goutallier D; Beaujan F; Service de chirurgie orthopedique, Hopital Henri Mondor,; Creteil.
The risks of HIV viral transmission by blood transfusion or by bone transplantation during planned surgical orthopaedic procedures has been studied from French epidemiological data on the subject. The authors outline methods which may be used to reduce these risks: planned auto-transfusion of blood, serological assess
Res Vet Sci. 1993 Nov;55(3):351-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112357
Chabaudie N; Le Jan C; Olivier M; Salmon H
The presence and localisation of lymphocyte subsets together with class II bearing cells in the mammary gland of sows, were studied at different periods of the reproductive cycle by immunohistochemistry and compared with blood. All cell types involved in the immune response were present in the mammary gland at the dif
Res Virol. 1993 Sep-Oct;144(5):397-404. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112377
Marechal V; Meyohas MC; Joab I; Gaha S; Giot JF; Sergeant A; Nicolas JC; Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hopital Rothschild, Paris, France.
Patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex often show symptoms of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation. Several EBV-encoded trans-acting factors activate the EBV lytic cycle, and one, called ZEBRA (BamHI Z EBV replication activator), controls the switch of EBV from a latent to a productive cycle. We describe here a
Sauleda J; Aran X; Gea J; Aguar MC; Sanz M; Broquetas JM; Department of Pneumology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is common in patients with AIDS. The usual chest X-ray pattern is a diffuse interstitial pulmonary infiltrate. Nevertheless, unusual roentgenographic forms can appear. A patient with PCP that resulted in pneumatoceles and a further pneumothorax is described.
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1993 Jul-Aug;48(4):161-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112455
Ferrini MT; Waitzberg DL; Pasternak J; Coppini LZ; da Silva M de L; Gama-Rodrigues J; Grupo de Apoio Nutricional Enteral e Parenteral, Hospital; Beneficencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo.
Fifty-two patients with AIDS-IV C (opportunistic infections) received nutritional supplementation, (enteral diets or total parenteral nutrition) in 60 admission episodes. Most patients had lost more than 10% of their ideal weight; albumin serum level was inferior or equal to 3.0 g/dl at admission in 33.3% of cases, an
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1993 Jul-Aug;48(4):183-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112459
Hamerschlak N; Pasternak J; Amato Neto V; Departamento de Clinica de Moletias Infecciosas e; Parasitarias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo.
Transmission of HIV infection by blood transfusion was first reported in 1982. By systematic blood testing of the donors the risk of transmission of HIV by blood transfusion has been diminished. In the USA the risk to be infected by HIV with blood that was tested negative is about 1/60.000. In
Weinberg A; Duarte MI; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital das Clinicas,; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil.
PURPOSE: To determine how often and by what means an indentifiable pulmonary pathogen can be recognized in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients with respiratory disorders in Brazil , which are the most frequently observed microorganisms and what impact specific thera
Arechavala AI; Robles AM; Negroni R; Bianchi MH; Taborda A; Hospital de Infecciosas Francisco J. Muniz, Buenos Aires,; Argentina.
One hundred and seventeen patients suffering systemic mycosis and AIDS were studied during 5 years in the Muniz Hospital of Buenos Aires City. Seventy four of them presented cryptococcosis, 39 histoplasmosis and 4 both mycoses. The following specimens were studied for the diagnosis: skin and mucous membrane scrapings,
Rocha A; Ferreira MS; Nishioka SA; Silva AM; Burgarelli MK; Silva M; Moura LP; Ugrinovich R; Raffin CN; Centro de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade Federal de; Uberlandia, Brazil.
We report the case of a 52-year-old male heterosexual patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and reactivation of Chagas disease manifested by meningoencephalitis and myocarditis, diagnosed post-mortem. Unexplained reactivation of Chagas disease should be included among the diagnostic criteria of AIDS
Heurlin N; Petrini B; Department of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Huddinge; University Hospital, Sweden.
This report summarizes the results of an 8-year study of the treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections and the long-term efficacy of this treatment in patients without AIDS. Of 25 patients, aged 10-82 years, 24 had pulmonary involvement; in 5 cases as part of disseminated disease. One patient had a renal i
Caramello P; Forno B; Lucchini A; Pollono AM; Sinicco A; Gioannini P; Istitute of Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, Italy.
Toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system is a frequent opportunistic infection in AIDS patients, usually presenting as a mass brain lesion detected by computerized axial tomography scanning or magnetic resonance imaging. A case of diffuse meningoencephalitis with no radiological evidence of brain lesions is describ
The first 2 cases of infection with Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Denmark and Scandinavia are reported. Both patients were women and to the best of our knowledge this is the first report of E. bieneusi in female AIDS patients. Both had
AIDS has assumed epidemic proportions in Central Africa. Knowledge of culturally constructed gender relations and sexual meanings is crucial to developing prevention strategies and reducing the impact of AIDS. CONNAISSIDA, a transdisciplinary medical anthropology research project, developed culturally appropriate comm
South Med J. 1994 Jan;87(1):74-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112602
Wallace MR; Hooper DG; Pyne JM; Graves SJ; Malone JL; Department of Internal Medicine (Infectious Disease Division),; Naval Hospital, San Diego, Calif. 92134-5000.
Varicella is an infrequent but potentially severe infection in adult HIV-infected patients. We reviewed five cases of varicella in HIV-seropositive men; two were complicated by severe headache and meningismus, and one of these patients also had hepatitis and thrombocytopenia. All five patients responded well to
HIV-infected women and men as well as their sexual partners were examined with the purpose of detecting the factors and cofactors facilitating the risk of HIV transmission in heterosexual contacts. Among HIV-infected women were predominant those who led promiscuous sex life, practicing sex life during menstruation, th
Am J Otolaryngol. 1993 Nov-Dec;14(6):444-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94113286
Lyos AT; Malpica A; Estrada R; Katz CD; Jenkins HA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Communicative Sciences,; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.
Ann Neurol. 1994 Jan;35(1):53-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94113594
So YT; Olney RK; Department of Neurology, University of California at San; Francisco 94143-0870.
We reviewed our experience in 23 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who had acute lumbosacral polyradiculopathy. The patients developed a distinctive syndrome of rapidly progressive flaccid paraparesis and areflexia that was frequently associated with sphincter disturbances. Persuasive laboratory
Krahenbuhl JL; Fukutomi Y; Gu L; Immunology Research Department, G. W. Long Hansen's Disease; Center, Carville, Louisiana 70721.
Because of the limited chemotherapeutic approaches available to treat reactivated latent Toxoplasma gondii infection manifested as toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS patients, investigation of novel chemotherapeutic agents is warranted. Several poloxamers (nonionic block copolymers composed of a central hydrophobic chai
Frick LW; St John L; Taylor LC; Painter GR; Furman PA; Liotta DC; Furfine ES; Nelson DJ; Wellcome Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, North; Carolina 27709.
The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus and anti-hepatitis B virus compound, (-)-cis-5-fluoro-1-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl] cytosine (FTC), were investigated in male CD rats. Plasma clearance of 10 mg of FTC per kg of body weight was biexponential in rats, with a
Bernard EM; Edwards FF; Kiehn TE; Brown ST; Armstrong D; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, New York 10021.
Mycobacterium haemophilum, first described in 1978, can cause severe infections of skin, respiratory tract, bone, and other organs of immunocompromised patients. There is no standardized antimicrobial susceptibility test, and for the 27 reported cases, a variety of test methods have been used. This paper reports the i
Supparatpinyo K; Nelson KE; Merz WG; Breslin BJ; Cooper CR Jr; Kamwan C; Sirisanthana T; Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Eighty-six patients with laboratory evidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection presented to Chiang Mai University Hospital in Chiang Mai, Thailand , between 1 June 1990 and 30 June 1992 with systemic infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Penicillium marneffei. Thirty is
Sandven P; Bjorneklett A; Maeland A; Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Public Health,; Oslo, Norway.
All Candida albicans isolates in Norwegian microbiological laboratories in 1991 judged clinically important (except vaginal isolates) were collected. The isolates were tested for susceptibility to fluconazole with an agar dilution test and a commercially available agar diffusion test. A total of 212 strains (95%) were
Cameron ML; Schell WA; Bruch S; Bartlett JA; Waskin HA; Perfect JR; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina.
Yeast strains isolated from the oropharynx of 87 consecutive patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 were examined for in vitro susceptibility to fluconazole. Candida albicans was isolated from 73 patients. Fifty-one patients had received antifungal therapy in the month preceding the yeast infection
Trifillis AL; Cui X; Drusano GL; Department of Pathology, University of Maryland at Baltimore; 21201.
Foscarnet is an antiviral agent used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis and acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus infections in AIDS patients. Renal impairment has been reported for many patients treated with foscarnet. We have studied the effects of foscarnet on the
Hayes MM; Foo HH; Kotani H; Wear DJ; Lo SC; Department of Infectious and Parasitic Disease Pathology, Armed; Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20306-6000.
The in vitro susceptibilities to antibiotics of 24 strains of Mycoplasma fermentans (isolated from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected AIDS patients, non-AIDS patients with acute respiratory disease, and tissue culture) were determined. MICs for 90% of the strains tested (micrograms per milliliter) were obtai
Arch Sex Behav. 1993 Dec;22(6):559-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94113900
Vincke J; Bolton R; Mak R; Blank S; AIDS Reference Center, Ghent State University, Laboratory of; Bacteriology and Virology, University Hospital, Belgium.
How the withdrawal of social support associated with the coming out of gay men influences AIDS-related sexual risk-taking among Flemish (Belgian) gay men is analyzed. Recruited via key persons, the 379 gay men in this nonclinical cohort completed a lengthy, computerized questionnaire dealing with diverse aspects of ga
DNA Cell Biol. 1994 Jan;13(1):67-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94114090
Pizzella T; Banerjee R; Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, NY 10029.
Recently, we have shown that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) directed chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene is efficiently expressed in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells and these cells can support productive HIV-1 replication. In this study we show that HepG2 cells contain a
Gupta G; Anantharamaiah GM; Scott DR; Eldridge JH; Myers G; Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National; Laboratory, NM 87545.
The principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is located inside the third variable loop (designated the V3 loop) of the envelope glycoprotein gp120. The V3 loop is typically 35 amino-acids long, and the 1st and the 35th residues in the loop are invariant cystines involved in a disu
Burger DM; Kraaijeveld CL; Meenhorst PL; Mulder JW; Koks CH; Bult A; Beijnen JH; Department of Pharmacy, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate penetration of zidovudine (ZDV) into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HIV-infected patients for whom a lumbar puncture was indicated. DESIGN: A prospective study. SETTING: General 525-bed hospital with special funding for treatment and research of HIV-infected patients. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS
Rosenzweig M; Clark DP; Gaulton GN; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of; Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of HIV-1 infection on thymocyte development, and the role of thymic infection on the pathogenesis of neonatal HIV-1 infection. DESIGN AND METHODS: The consequences of thymic infection by HIV-1 were examined by comparative histologic and molecular analyses of an asymptomatic, HIV-1-se
Bornstein RA; Nasrallah HA; Para MF; Whitacre CC; Fass RJ; Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, College of; Medicine, Columbus.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the stability of cognitive function in patients with asymptomatic HIV infection. DESIGN: Previous longitudinal studies of cognitive function have focused on patients who progress in terms of disease stage. The present study avoided this potential confounding factor by including only subjects who
Hersh BS; Popovici F; Jezek Z; Satten GA; Apetrei RC; Beldescu N; George JR; Shapiro CN; Gayle HD; Heymann DL; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS,; Atlanta, Georgia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine risk factors for HIV infection among abandoned Romanian infants and children living in a public institution. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in June 1990 among 101 children between 0 and 4 years of age living in an orphanage. Orphanage and hospital records were reviewed and a blo
Blaxhult A; Anagrius C; Arneborn M; Lidman K; Lindgren S; Bottiger M; Department of Epidemiology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the extent and outcome of HIV testing in Sweden . DESIGN: Data from screening programmes, laboratory and clinical reports were compared and a national survey on HIV testing was performed. RESULTS: The proportion found to be positive in screening of blood don
Heyward WL; Batter VL; Malulu M; Mbuyi N; Mbu L; St Louis ME; Kamenga M; Ryder RW; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of HIV counseling and testing among child-bearing women. STUDY SETTING: Mama Yemo Hospital in Kinshasa, Zaire . PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: After informed consent, 187 HIV-seropositive and 177 HIV-seronegative child-bearing women received pre-
Bulterys M; Chao A; Dushimimana A; Habimana P; Nawrocki P; Kurawige JB; Musanganire F; Saah A; Department of Epidemiology, School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, particularly sexual behavior before and during pregnancy. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study is part of a prospective cohort study in Butare, Rwanda , of 318 HIV-1-seropositive and 309 HIV-1-seronegative w
Celentano DD; Nelson KE; Suprasert S; Wright N; Matanasarawoot A; Eiumtrakul S; Romyen S; Tulvatana S; Kuntolbutra S; Sirisopana N; et al; Division of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Johns; Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
OBJECTIVE: The transmission of HIV-1 in Thailand has recently been attributed to exposure to infected commercial sex workers (CSW). We sought to identify risk factors for patterns of CSW visits among northern Thai men. DESIGN: Retrospective recall of lifetime and recent CSW visit
Jose B; Friedman SR; Neaigus A; Curtis R; Grund JP; Goldstein MF; Ward TP; Des Jarlais DC; National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New; York 10013.
BACKGROUND: In syringe-mediated drug-sharing (backloading), injecting drug users (IDU) use their syringes to mix drugs and to give measured shares to other IDU by squirting drug solution into the syringes of other IDU. Backloading has been discussed as a potential HIV risk factor, but its role as an HIV transmission r
Hickman M; Aldous J; Gazzard B; Ellam A; Department of Public Health, Brent and Harrow Health Authority,; London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To assess directly the extent of under-reporting of AIDS cases to the National AIDS surveillance system. DESIGN: All AIDS cases diagnosed from 1 January 1982 to 1 August 1989 in Riverside Health Authority were identified from a local register of HIV infection and cross-checked against records of AIDS cases
Elford J; McDonald A; Kaldor J; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To further examine the hypothesis that Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) among people with AIDS is caused by a sexually transmissible infectious agent. DESIGN: Analysis of Australian AIDS surveillance data for the period 1982-1991 by sex, age, exposure category, country of birth, year and place of diagnosis. MAIN OUTCO
Warren RQ; Wolf H; Stunz GW; Kennedy RC; Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Tex. 78228-0147.
The third variable region (V3) of the HIV-1 gp120 envelope molecule appears to represent a target for naturally occurring neutralizing antibodies in HIV-1-infected individuals. In this report, we examined the extent of antibody cross-reactivity to a panel of V3-based synthetic peptides in six inbred strains of mice fo
The exam of 33 children with AIDS revealed in 10 cases manifestations of the anterior pole and of ocular anexes specific to this infection. In 8 cases we noticed seborrheic dermatitis, exudative dermatitis. Molluscum contagiosum, staphilococies, papoulous eruptions . In 3 cases there were herpetic infections, one of t
Biochemistry. 1994 Jan 11;33(1):42-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94114512
Frechet D; Guitton JD; Herman F; Faucher D; Helynck G; Monegier du Sorbier B; Ridoux JP; James-Surcouf E; Vuilhorgne M; Rhone-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Vitry-Sur-Seine, France.
The structure of RP 71955, a new tricyclic 21 amino acid peptide active against human immunodeficiency virus 1, was determined. Its amino acid composition was inferred from the results of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopy, and amino acid analysis. Its sequence coul
Biochemistry. 1994 Jan 11;33(1):98-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94114519
Darke PL; Jordan SP; Hall DL; Zugay JA; Shafer JA; Kuo LC; Department of Biological Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories,; West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
The kinetics and equilibrium properties were investigated for the interconversion between the active dimer of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease and its inactive monomeric subunits. The equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of the dimeric protease as well as the monomer association rate were obtained by
Aust J Public Health. 1993 Sep;17(3):226-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94114656
Becker NG; Watson LF; Marschner IC; Motika M; Newstead SV; Carlin JB; Department of Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne.
Current knowledge about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is used to assess past and future trends in Australian HIV/AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) incidence, focusing on the precision with which such assessments can be made. The statistical method of back-projection is applied to reconstruct the
Powderly WG; Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of; Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
Dr. William G. Powderly provides a comprehensive review of the state of our knowledge regarding cryptococcal infection in persons with infection due to human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The introduction of fluconazole and itraconazole increased insight into prognostic factors affecting these patients. The need to s
Tokumoto JI; Hollander H; Division of Infectious Disease, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
Polyradiculopathy caused by cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is a rare but serious neurological disorder that occurs late in the course of HIV-1 infection and is potentially treatable with antimicrobial agents active against CMV. We des
Nguyen BY; Landucci DL; Cunnion RE; Yarchoan R; Walker RE; Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
An unusual acute hypotensive syndrome has been observed in association with administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) to patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In the 11 cases that have been reported, the syndrome differs from classic anaphylaxis and resembles septic shock. Mediati
Torres JR; Isturiz R; Murillo J; Guzman M; Contreras R; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Felix Pifano C., Universidad; Central de Venezuela.
Nine adult male homosexuals who were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (five with AIDS-defining conditions) and harbored Strongyloides stercoralis received ivermectin on a compassionate basis for persistent intestinal infection. Hyperinfection was present in all cases. Ivermectin was given either as a sin
Creatsas GK; 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of; Athens, Greece.
Adolescent sexual activity is increasing. Premature sexual intercourse results in high figures of adolescent pregnancy and abortion, as well as in increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Lack of information on the prevention of STDs and poor hygiene in both boys and girls are also main reasons for incr
Barnhart KT; Sondheimer SJ; Division of Human Reproduction, Hospital of The University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Sexually active couples need to be concerned with the risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and how their choice of contraception influences that risk. Condoms provide the best documented protection against such pathogens as: gonorrhea, herpes simplex virus (HSV), hepatitis B, HIV, and chlamydia. Female depende
Ann Pharmacother. 1993 Nov;27(11):1340-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94115020
Frame BC; Petkus AF; Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Metropolitan Hospital,; Grand Rapids, MI 49506.
OBJECTIVE: To present a case of Rhodococcus equi (RE) pneumonia and discuss its pathophysiology and treatment. CASE SUMMARY: An HIV-positive patient presented with pneumonia. A lung biopsy was performed after sputum and thoracentesis cultures failed to identify a pathogen. The lung biopsy revealed an unidentifiable, d
Ann Pharmacother. 1993 Nov;27(11):1378-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94115030
Teague AC; Parks SK; Medical College of Virginia Hospitals, Medical College of; Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical presentation and response to antimicrobial therapy of presumed bacillary angiomatosis in an AIDS patient. DESIGN: Single case report. SETTING: A 1058-bed, university teaching hospital. PATIENT: 28-year-old HIV-positive man (T4 lymphocyte coun
Freis A; Rau S; Friedrich RW; Geyer R; Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University, Giessen,; FRG.
The protein encoded by the envelope gene of Friend spleen focus-forming virus is responsible for the acute leukaemogenicity of this virus. In order to correlate glycosylation and intracellular processing of this protein with viral pathogenicity, envelope gene products of pathogenic and apathogenic glycosylation mutant
Legislation of the control of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in the Federal Republic of Germany covers neither the complete spectrum of venereal diseases nor all population groups of high risk. We therefore investigated not only the classic STD but also some other STD, i.e. b
Halman MH; Worth JL; Sanders KM; Renshaw PF; Murray GB; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; 02114.
A retrospective chart review identified 11 patients with type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who presented to an HIV/AIDS psychiatric service with an acute manic episode. Demographic data, neurodiagnostic studies, and treatment results are discussed. Abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging significantly predic
Li M; Nelson DL; Sporns P; University of Alberta, Food Science Department, Edmonton, Canada.
A gas chromatographic method was developed for the determination of L-menthol in honey at levels as low as 0.1 ppm. The method includes steam distillation and hexane extraction with an internal standard (2,6-dimethylphenol). Beehives treated to control Acarapis woodi over 21 days with 30-60 g L-menthol contained L-men
Rhodes TJ; Donoghoe MC; Hunter GM; Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Charing Cross; and Westminster Medical School, University of London, UK.
Findings are reported on the risk behaviour of 104 confirmed HIV-1 antibody positive drug injectors in London. Findings indicate that 41.3% of respondents had never received treatment or help for their drug use, and that 52.0% had never received a named test for HIV antibodies. The majority of confirmed HIV positive r
Taylor A; Frischer M; McKeganey N; Goldberg D; Green S; Platt S; Communicable Diseases and Environmental Health (Scotland) Unit,; Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
This paper focuses upon HIV-related risk behaviours of 51 female drug injecting prostitutes, interviewed as part of a serial cross-sectional study of injecting drug users in Glasgow. Forty-five per cent injected with used needles and syringes in the 6 months prior to interview. Condom use in private sexual relations w
Lipsedge M; Dianin G; Duckworth E; Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
The present study analyses the phenomenon of the migration to London of Italian intravenous drug users. Using structured questionnaires and prevalence data it was estimated that a significant number of Italian intravenous drug users (at least 1000) were living in London at the time of the study (1990), of whom 30% wer
Lewis LG; Cohen MB; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Children's; Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229.
Infections of the gastrointestinal tract remain an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. A number of pertinent articles have appeared in the past year, advancing our understanding of 1) Helicobacter pylori-induced gastroduodenal disease, 2) Escherichia coli O157:H7-mediated diarrhea, and 3) n
Chan WC; Hooper C; Wickert R; Benson JM; Vardiman J; Hinrichs S; Weisenburger D; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha 68198-3135.
Several recent studies reported the detection of partially deleted HTLV-I provirus in biopsies of lesions from patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) and T-cell anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. We studied lesions from 59 patients (21 B-cell lymphomas: 16 diffuse and five follicular; 11 cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, includi
Nuovo MA; Nuovo GJ; Becker J; Gallery F; Delvenne P; Kane PB; Department of Pathology, State University of New York (SUNY) at; Stony Brook 11794-8691.
The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence and histologic correlates of viral infections in immunocompromised patients with pneumonia. Of the 44 immunocompromised patients studied, 37 had AIDS. Lung tissue from these patients, including 34 with pneumocystis pneumonia, was evaluated by in situ hybridizat
Cancer Lett. 1993 Oct 15;74(1-2):75-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94115952
Chang KS; Hsu ML; Josephs SF; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chang Gung Medical; College, Taoyuan-Hsien, Taiwan, China.
The regulation of trans-activating activities of two human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC) lines, HEP-G2 and SK-HEP-1, was investigated. These cells were transfected with the wild-type and a nested series of its 5 -deletion mutants of the long terminal (LTR) repeat derived from HIV-1, which were ligated with the c
Agostini C; Zambello R; Trentin L; Cerutti A; Bulian P; Crivellaro C; Cipriani A; Semenzato G; Department of Clinical Medicine, Padua University School of; Medicine, Italy.
In this study the frequency of gamma delta+ cells and their subsets has been assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell populations recovered from 51 patients at various clinical stages of HIV-1 infection. Thirteen out of the 51 HIV-1-infected patients showed an increase in the percentage of TCR delta 1+ BAL T cell
Carriere D; Fontaine C; Berthier AM; Rouquette AM; Carayon P; Laprode M; Juillard R; Jansen A; Paoli P; Paolucci F; et al; Sanofi Recherche, Montpellier, France.
A highly sensitive two-site enzyme immunoassay (Capcellia) was developed to determine the concentration of CD4 and CD8 molecules expressed on the surface of human T lymphocytes. This assay, performed in one step (20 min), involves the specific immunocapture of T lymphocytes and reaction of the CD4 or CD8 molecules wit
Franke L; Nugel E; Docke WD; Porstmann T; Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School (Charite),; Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany.
Determination of percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection is usually done by flow cytometric analysis. We compared a cell marker ELISA with flow cytometry for quantitation of CD4 and CD8 molecules on T lymphocytes, and correlated the values both with the number of
Iwai H; Day NK; Hamada N; Inaba MM; Ikehara S; Good RA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kansai Medical University,; Osaka, Japan.
Infection with Rauscher leukaemia virus (RLV) causes erythroleukaemia, anaemia, viraemia, and splenomegaly, features which develop very quickly in mice of strains susceptible to RLV but more slowly or not at all in strains resistant to RLV. We compared the effects of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) of donor cells ob
Neuen-Jacob E; Arendt G; Wendtland B; Jacob B; Schneeweis M; Wechsler W; Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University,; Dusseldorf, Germany.
We report the neuropathological and immunohistochemical findings in the brains of 14 AIDS patients with HIV-related encephalopathy. Clinically, half of the patients presented with severe AIDS dementia complex including advanced psychomotor retardation and behavioural dysfunction. T
Lalak NJ; Morris DL; Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, New South; Wales, Australia.
Azalide antibiotics, of which azithromycin is the first demonstrated, have different pharmacokinetics from other antibiotics currently used. The bioavailability of the drug is approximately 37%. Extensive and rapid distribution from serum into the intracellular compartments is followed by rapid distribution to the tis
Fu WL; Zhang BX; Mo HG; Department of Nosocomial Disease, South-Western Hospital, Third; Military Medical College, Chongqing.
Infection is a leading cause of death of renal transplantation and how to control it is still an urgent problem to be solved. Bacteria culture, computerized modified McGuckin s monitoring methods, OKT monoclonal antibody technique and radioimmunoassay (RIA) were used on studying the cause, monitoring and prevention of
Soderlund C; Bratt GA; Engstrom L; Grutzmeier S; Nilsson R; Sjunnesson M; Sandstrom E; Department of Surgery, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe our experiences of surgical removal of inflamed bowel in cytomegalovirus enterocolitis. METHODS: Eight homosexual males with a mean age of 41 years (range, 29-59 years) and a mean CD4 count of 21 x 10(6)/l (1-60 x 10(6)/l) with advance
Henry-Stanley MJ; Simpson M; Stanley MW; Department of Cytotechnology, College of Health Related; Professions, University of Arkansas for the Medical Sciences,; Little Rock 72205.
It has been suggested that immunocompromised, HIV-infected patients are at risk of developing HPV infection and SIL. The well documented role of HPV and SIL in cervical carcinogenesis should lead to frequent, careful evaluation of HIV infected women. Forty-four cervical smears from 23 patients (20 HIV and 3 AIDS) were
Silverman JF; Holter JF; Berns LA; Benning TL; Neill JS; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, East Carolina; University School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858-4354.
Negative images of bacilli in mycobacterial infections have been recently described in air-dried, Romanovsky-stained cytologic material. We report a case of negative images due to crystalline deposition of clofazimine, a drug used to treat Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infection in AIDS patients. The nega
Marcos A; Varela P; Santacruz I; Munoz-Velez A; Morande G; Instituto de Nutricion y Bromatologia (CSIC), Facultad de; Farmacia, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain.
Nutritional status and immunocompetence were evaluated in 26 patients suffering from anorexia nervosa (AN) (n = 16) or bulimia nervosa (BN) (n = 10) in comparison with a control group (n = 22). Body mass index (BMI) was lower in all patients than in controls, AN patients having the lowest values. Slight leukopenia tog
Dowling S; Lambe J; Mulcahy F; Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, St James's Hospital,; Dublin, Ireland.
Vitamin B12 and folate status were determined in 35 male HIV seropositive patients. Of these, 16 were asymptomatic (CDC II/III) and 19 were symptomatic (CDC IV) according to the Centre for Disease Control (CDC) Classification. Deviations from normal values for serum B12, serum folate and red cell folate were not a com
Ethiop Med J. 1993 Oct;31(4):233-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116520
Teka T; Paediatrics Department, Gondar College of Medical Sciences,; Ethiopia.
To determine attitudes and knowledge of AIDS, a survey was conducted among students at the Gondar College of Medical Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia . One hundred sixty four new incoming students (115 males, 49 females) in all departments in 1990-91 academic year provided information.
Nagra RM; Masliah E; Wiley CA; Department of Pathology, University of California at San Diego,; La Jolla 92093-0612.
Central nervous system (CNS) damage occurs during retroviral infection in both man and animals. As a model of human disease, we studied the distribution and extent of CNS damage during retroviral infection with two molecularly cloned, neurotropic murine leukemia viruses. Both viruses mediate a spongiform encephalopath
Eur Respir J. 1993 Oct;6(9):1276-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116640
Drent M; van Velzen-Blad H; Diamant M; Wagenaar SS; Hoogsteden HC; van den Bosch JM; Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein,; The Netherlands.
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell profile and immunoglobulin levels from patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) were related to the time elapsed between last antigen exposure and BAL. For this purpose, an analysis was performed of BAL fluid (BALF) obta
Eur Respir J. 1993 Oct;6(9):1301-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116644
Escamilla R; Prevost MC; Cariven C; Hermant C; Krempf M; Chap H; Service de Pneumo-Allergologie, Toulouse, France.
Our aim was to evaluate the quality of pulmonary surfactant, a nonspecific defence system, during the course of human immunodeficiency virus) infection. Protein and phospholipid composition were determined in 127 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from 89 HIV seropositive patients (54 acquired immune deficiency syndr
Eur Respir J. 1993 Oct;6(9):1378-401. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116657
Agostini C; Chilosi M; Zambello R; Trentin L; Semenzato G; Dept of Clinical Medicine, Padua University School of Medicine,; Italy.
Immunological defence mechanisms of the lung are provided by several different types of immunocompetent cell. Among these, the most important are lymphocytes, alveolar macrophages and neutrophils. This review focuses mainly on the pattern of physiological activities of pulmonary lymphocytes in the local host defences.
The incidence of abdominal tuberculosis represents less than 1% of all forms of tuberculosis. We report the case of a portal vein thrombosis associated with tuberculous adenopathy of the hepatic hilum discovered in a young woman free of symptoms, without any risk factors, who had recovered from a cavity pulmonary tube
Health Soc Work. 1993 Nov;18(4):248-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116879
Silvestre AJ; Kingsley LA; Rinaldo C Jr; Witt RC; Lyter DW; Valdiserri R; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate; School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
The Centers for Disease Control reported in October 1991 that many people at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection had not been tested for antibodies to HIV. This study identifies differences among 110 gay and bisexual men in three small cities in Pennsylvania who decided whether to be tested for antib
Health Soc Work. 1993 Nov;18(4):259-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116880
Garside B; Community-Based Services, Ville Marie Social Services Centre,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Physicians providing primary health care to people with AIDS are exposed to the same stressful experiences as other AIDS caregivers. Although mutual aid groups have proved useful in relieving stress for AIDS caregivers in general, physicians as a professional group present particular problems that impede their access
Health Soc Work. 1993 Nov;18(4):268-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116881
Shi L; Samuels ME; Richter DL; Stoskopf CH; Baker SL; Sy FS; Department of Health Administration, School of Public Health,; University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208.
This study examines the association between knowledge of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and skill among social workers in South Carolina and attitudes toward people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS. A stratified random sampling method was used to obtain a representative sample of social wor
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1993 Nov;44(11):1066-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94116932
Bux DA; Iguchi MY; Lidz V; Baxter RC; Platt JJ; Department of Mental Health Sciences, Hahnemann University School; of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to identify characteristics of injection-drug users that predicted whether subjects would redeem a coupon for free methadone detoxification and to determine whether they were more likely to participate in a 90-day detoxification program than in a 21-day program. METHODS: A total
Indian Pediatr. 1993 Apr;30(4):455-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94117121
Sen S; Mishra NM; Giri T; Pande I; Khare SD; Kumar A; Choudhry VP; Chattopadhya D; Kumari S; Malaviya AN; Department of Pediatrics, Charak Palika Hospital, Moti Bogh, New; Delhi, India.
Two hundred and three multi-transfused children with thalassemia attending the Thalassemia Clinic of the Charak Palika Hospital, New Delhi were screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies by ELISA and all positive cases were confirmed by Western Blot. Of the 203 children screened, 18 (8.9%) were HIV pos
Sandstrom PA; Tebbey PW; Van Cleave S; Buttke TM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina; University, School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina; 27858-4354.
8E5 is a chronically human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected human T cell line, which we have previously shown to be extremely susceptible to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis due to a HIV-associated catalase deficiency. Here we report that HIV gene expression additionally renders 8E5 cells 10-fold more s
Fischl MA; Comprehensive AIDS Program, University of Miami School of; Medicine.
Despite recent disappointment with antiretroviral agents, investigators continue to examine combination therapy with agents that target the same or different stages of the HIV life cycle. Initial studies suggest that when therapy is started early in the course of infec
Burnard P; University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff.
AIDS is an increasingly urgent issue for clinical nurses, managers and for nurse educators. This paper describes the analysis of part of a set of interviews with a purposive sample of 21 AIDS counsellors, nurse educators and other health care workers. In particular, response to the question: What are the psychosocial
Sawyer RG; Moss DJ; Department of Health Education at the University of Maryland,; College Park.
Continuing efforts to educate college students about the dangers of unprotected sexual intercourse have resulted in little evidence of positive change in sexual behavior. This clinical study examined the sexual behavior, perceived risk of human immunodeficiency virus, and pathology of 66 university men attending a hea
Most students in institutions of further and higher education in the northeast of England who responded to a 1989 survey dealing with sexual behavior and safer sex were heterosexual and had been sexually active or intended to have sexual intercourse. Many students, however, believed that safer sex implied having no se
Seligman SJ; Department of Medicine, SUNY/Health Science Center, Brooklyn; 11203.
The competition ELISA method described in 1985 by Friguet and colleagues has frequently been used to determine dissociation constants (KD) of antigen-antibody reactions. Subsequently Stevens suggested a correction for the bivalency of IgG. In either case, the KD is assumed to vary only with the composition of competin
Schlumpberger JM; Wolde-Tsadik G; Yao JF; Hara J; Department of Family Practice, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center,; Los Angeles, CA 90027.
BACKGROUND. Mortality related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection occurs predominantly in patients with CD4+ lymphocyte counts of less than 50 cells/mm3. We followed 133 HIV-infected patients with enrollment CD4 counts of less than 50 cells/mm3 to determine if the risk of death during a 1-year period could
J Med Primatol. 1993 Jul;22(5):325-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118243
Nadler RD; Manocha AD; McClure HM; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University,; Atlanta, GA 30322.
The presence of sperm in testicular tissue of rhesus macaques that died as a result of infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was related to age and body weight. Depressed testosterone levels were not associated with elevated LH levels. The data suggest that azoospermia in the SIV-infected macaques was due
Jensen KB; Green L; MacDougal-Waugh S; Tuerk C; Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology,; University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.
A small RNA ligand with high affinity for the HIV-1 Rev protein, generated by the SELEX in vitro evolution method, was used in a series of chemical modification studies to aid in determining the secondary structure of the ligand, to detect which modifications interfere with the binding of the ligand to Rev, and to fin
Morellet N; de Rocquigny H; Mely Y; Jullian N; Demene H; Ottmann M; Gerard D; Darlix JL; Fournie-Zaluski MC; Roques BP; Departement de Pharmacochimie Moleculaire et Structurale INSERM; U266, CNRS URA D 1500, Paris, France.
The nucleocapsid protein NCp7 of the human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) is a 72 amino acid peptide containing two zinc fingers of the type CX2CX4HX4C linked by a short basic sequence 29RAPRKKG35. NCp7 was shown to activate in vitro both viral RNA dimerization and replication primer tRNA(Lys,3) annealing to th
Confalonieri F; Marsault J; Duguet M; Laboratoire d'Enzymologie des acides Nucleiques, Universite; Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
Nucleotide sequencing of a region of the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius allowed us to identify an open reading frame of 780 amino acids strikingly similar to a family of eukaryotic ATPases, involved in a variety of biological functions. Sequence analysis of the predicted polypeptide reveal
Seeler JS; Muchardt C; Suessle A; Gaynor RB; Department of Medicine, Southwestern Medical School, Dallas,; Texas 75235.
Gene expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is modulated by both cellular transcription factors, which bind to cis-acting regulatory elements in the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) and the viral transactivator, tat. The enhancer element in the HIV-1 LTR which extends from -103 to -82 is critical for gene ex
Martin I; Dubois MC; Defrise-Quertain F; Saermark T; Burny A; Brasseur R; Ruysschaert JM; Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique des Macromolecules aux; Interfaces, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
The amino-terminal extremity of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) transmembrane protein (gp32) has been shown to play a pivotal role in cell-virus fusion and syncytium formation. We provide here evidence of a correlation between the structure and orientation of the modified SIV fusion peptide after insertion int
Clavel F; Charneau P; Departement SIDA et Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.
Fusion from without is the process through which particles of some enveloped viruses can direct fusion of target cells in the absence of viral replication. We demonstrate here that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) particles can efficiently promote fusion from without. Using HeLa-CD4 cells carrying a Tat-inducible la
Willey RL; Buckler-White A; Strebel K; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
CD4 is an integral membrane glycoprotein which functions as the human immunodeficiency virus receptor for infection of human host cells. We have recently demonstrated that Vpu, a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-encoded integral membrane phosphoprotein, induces rapid degradation of CD4 in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV-2), a human parvovirus which is apathogenic in adults, inhibits replication and gene expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in human cells. The rep gene of AAV-2, which was shown earlier to be sufficient for this negative interference, also down-regulated the expre
Spies CP; Ritter GD Jr; Mulligan MJ; Compans RW; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294-2701.
We previously reported that truncation of the cytoplasmic domain of the macaque simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 envelope glycoprotein enhanced its ability to induce cell fusion in a variety of cell lines. In the present study, we examined the expression of the full-length and truncated SIVmac239 envelope glyco
Nicholas J; Martin ME; Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21231.
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is prevalent in the human population, with primary infection occurring early in life. Its predominant CD4+ T-lymphocyte tropism, its ability to activate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression in vitro, and its upregulation of CD4 expression has led to speculation that H
Lochelt M; Flugel RM; Aboud M; Abteilung Retrovirale Genexpression, Forschungsschwerpunkt; Angewandte Tumorvirologie, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum,; Heidelberg, Germany.
The human foamy virus or spumaretrovirus (HFV) is a complex retrovirus that has the capacity to code not only for the three retroviral genes gag, pol, and env but, in addition, for at least three bel genes. The HFV provirus contains two different and functionally active promoters: the classical retroviral promoter in
Goncalves J; Jallepalli P; Gabuzda DH; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
The Vif (viral infectivity factor) protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been shown to dramatically enhance the infectivity of HIV-1 virus particles during virus production. The subcellular localization of Vif was examined to elucidate cellular pathways which may be important for Vif function. Ind
Nagy K; Young M; Baboonian C; Merson J; Whittle P; Oroszlan S; Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis,; NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland; 21702-1201.
The antiviral activities of two substrate-based inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease, UK-88,947 and Ro 31-8959, were studied in acute infections. H9 and HeLaCD4-LTR/beta-gal cells were infected either with HIV-1IIIB or a replication-defective virus, HIV-gpt(HXB-2). Both inhibitors were ca
Margolis DM; Somasundaran M; Green MR; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts; Medical Center, Worcester 01605.
The transcriptional activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is affected by many cellular factors. Homologies near the HIV-1 initiator region to the DNA-binding sequences of YY1, a multifunctional transcription factor known to regulate diverse viral and cellular promoters, suggested that YY1 might regul
Hammarskjold ML; Li H; Rekosh D; Prasad S; Myles H. Thaler Center for AIDS and Human Retrovirus Research,; University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Rev protein functions to facilitate export of intron-containing HIV mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. We have previously shown that splice site recognition plays an important role in Rev regulation of HIV env expression. Here we have further analyzed the effects of splice s
Jault FM; Spector SA; Spector DH; Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0116.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is commonly found in the brains of patients with AIDS and in some cases can be detected in the same cells as can human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In this study, we analyzed the patterns of replication of HIV-1 and HCMV in singly infected cel
Michael NL; Vahey MT; d'Arcy L; Ehrenberg PK; Mosca JD; Rappaport J; Redfield RR; Department of Retroviral Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Rockville, Maryland.
Current understanding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription is based on unidirectional expression of transcripts with positive-strand polarity from the 5 long terminal repeat. We now report HIV-1 transcripts with negative-strand polarity obtained from acutely and chronically infected cell lines
Sluys TE; van der Ende ME; Swart GR; van den Berg JW; Wilson JH; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Dijkzigt,; Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
The objective of this validation study was to explore bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) as a way to assess nutritional status and body composition. The study was done in the outpatient department of the AIDS unit at University Hospital Dijkzigt, Rotterdam, The Netherlands .
Chowdhury D; Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat zu Koln,; Germany.
In an earlier paper in this journal (1990, J. theor. Biol. 145, 207-215) we developed a unified model for normal immune response, autoimmune response and AIDS, where the concentration of each type of cell involved in the immune response is represented by a discrete automaton and the population dynamics of the relevant
Bazarbachi A; Saal F; Laroche L; Lasneret J; Gessain A; Daniel MT; Peries J; UPR A0043 CNRS Retrovirus et Retrotransposons des Vertebres,; Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
An unambiguous case of Sezary syndrome associated with the presence of unusual retroviral infection markers is described. The blood smear showed 15% typical Sezary cells but also rare atypical lymphocytes with convoluted nuclei, evocative of characteristic adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) flower cells. However, the patient
Med Clin (Barc). 1993 Dec 4;101(19):736-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118588
Soriano V; Valencia E; Alba A; Laguna F; Moreno V; Alberdi JC; Garcia-Samaniego J; Gonzalez-Lahoz J; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos; III, Madrid.
BACKGROUND: Infections in subjects with HIV-1 infection are a frequent cause of hospital admission. Knowledge of the entities which most often motivate hospitalization may aid in designing the most appropriate diagnostic and prophylactic strategies. The causes of hospital admission in individuals with risk practices f
Med Trop (Mars). 1993 Jul-Sep;53(3):309-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118834
Gneragbe T; Mutombo T; Laboratoire de Biologie, Hopital Protestant de Dabou.
In the beginning, the rural zones had been considered as exempt from penetration by the HIV. During the early to the mid 1980 s, AIDS prevalence rates ranged from 1 to 7% in this rural area. The study of prevalence rates in the coastal region of the Ivory Coast shows an epidem
Med Trop (Mars). 1993 Jul-Sep;53(3):315-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118835
Fourn L; Duci S; Departement de Medecine preventive et sociale, Universite de; Montreal.
The authors report the transversal investigation results of 115 male and nurse students of Cotonou on their AIDS knowledge, AIDS prevention, and their attitudes toward HIV infected patients. 98% have a good knowledge of AIDS. 55% utilize condom. 77% give to their fear of contagion during their in Service training for
Med Trop (Mars). 1993 Jul-Sep;53(3):391-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118848
Strecker W; Ngemba M; Fleischmann W; Service de Traumatologie, Clinique Universitaire, Ulm, Allemagne.
From 1987 1/1 to 1989 6/30, 80 patients with purulent abscesses underwent serological test. Seropositivity rate of HIV was 20% i.e. higher of a 2.4 factor than seropositivity rate of 8.2% found in the local population not showing any symptoms of AIDS.
Med Hypotheses. 1993 Oct;41(4):289-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118914
Siefkes D
This article proposes a series of experiments to determine if cows and sheep could be used as animal models for HIV-1, the AIDS virus. To justify this effort, a substantial case is presented that HIV-1 is a natural recombinant of Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) and Visna Virus. This natural recombinant may have been inadv
Med Hypotheses. 1993 Oct;41(4):300-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118915
Razzini E; Baronzio GF; Department of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Pol San Matteo,; University of Pavia, Italy.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is able to replicate in many human cells such as helper lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages and glial cells. Monocytes/macrophages must be considered an important reservoir of HIV in vivo and a producer of cytokines such as Interleukin-1 (IL1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). These s
Med Hypotheses. 1993 Oct;41(4):306-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118916
Scaro JL; National University of Jujuy, Department of Erital (CONICET), San; S de Jujuy, Argentina.
This hypothesis proposes as an explanation for the origin of the Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), the homosexual transmission of spermatozoons. The male gamete may possess a depressing action on the immuno-competence of the egg aimed to prevent the rejection of the spermatozoon material. The female organism
Med Hypotheses. 1993 Oct;41(4):334-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118923
Masliah E; Miller A; Terry RD; University of California, San Diego School of Medicine,; Department of Neurosciences, La Jolla 92093-0624.
Alzheimer s disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive deterioration of cognitive functions. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to the classically described lesions (plaques and tangles) found in AD, this neurodegenerative disorder is characterized by neuronal and synaptic loss and by synapto-axonal patho
Med Hypotheses. 1993 Oct;41(4):363-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118930
Osame M; Ijichi S; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
A spectrum of carrier states in human T lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) infection is proposed. The suspected process of clonal selection of HTLV-I infected cells results in the spectrum of nonfatal states from polyclonal to monoclonal virus integration. This idea is based on the discovery that monoclonal proviral H
Anorexia and involuntary weight loss are prevalent problems in oncology and AIDS patients. Cytokines are suspected but not proven causes of cachexia. Megestrol acetate has been found to increase appetite, food intake, and weight in randomized, placebo-controlled trials in patients with advanced malignancies and in pat
Beraud C; Sun SC; Ganchi P; Ballard DW; Greene WC; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of; California, San Francisco 94141-9100.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is the etiologic agent of the adult T-cell leukemia, an aggressive and often fatal malignancy of activated human CD4 T cells. HTLV-I encodes an essential 40-kDa protein termed Tax that not only transactivates the long terminal repeat of this retrovirus but also induces an ar
Full-sized gen vif of human immunodeficiency virus has been synthesized and cloned into plasmid pGEX-2T. Vif-gene expression was found in Escherichia coli cells resulting in production of a hybrid GST-protein. The recombinant protein studied by the immunoblotting technique reacted with 8 of 22 probes of human HIV-posi
A set of recombinant plasmids containing sequences of HTLV-I viral gag-gene has been constructed on the basis of pUR290-pUR292 vector plasmids. The resulting hybrid proteins containing different fragments of GAG-precursor in the C-end of beta-galactosidase differed to a large extent in stability in Escherichia coli ce
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1993 Dec 25;137(52):2709-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94119245
Keet IP; van den Bergh HS; van Griensven GJ; Coutinho RA; Sandfort TG; van den Hoek JA; GG&GD, sector Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Amsterdam.
OBJECTIVE. To determine the prevalence of sexual behaviour with the risk of HIV transmission among young homosexual men in Amsterdam. DESIGN. Point prevalence study. SETTING. Amsterdam. METHODS. Participants were recruited through advertisements and in gay bars and a STD clinic in the period October 1991-1992. A quest
Williams AB; Darragh TM; Vranizan K; Ochia C; Moss AR; Palefsky JM; Adult Health Division, Yale School of Nursing, New Haven,; Connecticut.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of anal and cervical infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytologic abnormalities and to examine the relation among HPV infection, cytologic abnormalities, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serostatus. METHODS: Anal and cervical Papanicolaou tests, HPV dot blot test
Sassani JW; Ritch R; McCormick S; Liebmann JM; Eagle RC Jr; Lavery K; Koster HR; Department of Ophthalmology, Penn State University College of; Medicine, Hershey 17033.
We report the light and electron microscopic findings from two eyes treated with argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI) for bilateral angle-closure glaucoma. The patient, a 45-year-old man, died from complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 16 days following ALPI. Ocular pathologic findings included cont
Takada S; Kido H; Fukutomi A; Mori T; Koike K; Department of Gene Research, Cancer Institute, JFCR, Tokyo,; Japan.
X protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transactivates transcription of various viral and cellular genes. It has been suggested that X protein plays a major role in hepatocarcinogenesis by HBV. The protein possesses amino acid sequence homology to the functionally essential domain of Kunitz-type serine
Birdsall HH; Ozluoglu LN; Lew HL; Trial J; Brown DP; Wofford MJ; Jerger JF; Rossen RD; Immunology Research Laboratory, Research Center for AIDS and HIV; Infection, Houston, TX.
To evaluate whether P300 testing might serve as a screening modality for the early detection of HIV-related neuropathology, we tested 26 HIV-infected men (23 without neurologic symptoms, 2 with peripheral neuropathy , 1 with AIDS-associated
Blaese RM; Mullen CA; Ramsey WJ; Cellular Immunology Section, Metabolism Branch, National Cancer; Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The use of retroviral-mediated gene transfer to introduce a DNA label into T cells (TIL) being used in the immunotherapy of patients with malignant melanoma finally opened the door to the clinical application of gene therapy for a wide variety of inherited and acquired diseases. The gene therapy trial for ADA deficien
Bulterys M; Morgenstern H; UNR-JHU Perinatal AIDS Research Project, National University of; Rwanda, Butare.
Many epidemiological reports present estimates of exposure effect adjusted for a host of variables thought to be risk factors for the disease. The term iatrogenic bias is proposed to denote bias introduced by the analyst when inappropriately controlling for variables as though they were confounders. The focus of this
Postgrad Med J. 1993;69 Suppl 3:S4-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94119805
Rahn R; Department of Dental Surgery, University of Frankfurt, Germany.
Due to the great number of different micro-organisms present, the oral cavity is an important source of infection. Infections caused by these micro-organisms can occur as local infections of the oral mucous membrane, local infections of the soft tissues or the bones following surgical intervention, or endocarditis due
Jansen RW; Olinga P; Harms G; Meijer DK; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University Centre; for Pharmacy, Groningen State University, The Netherlands.
After intravenous injection of a low dose (25 micrograms/kg) in rats, the anti HIV-1 compound succinylated human serum albumin (Suc-HSA) is taken up mainly in the liver and spleen and is proteolytically degraded. Ten minutes after injection of 125I-Suc-HSA, 72 and 14% of the dose were found in the liver and spleen, re
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 18;91(2):494-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94119913
Benos DJ; Hahn BH; Bubien JK; Ghosh SK; Mashburn NA; Chaikin MA; Shaw GM; Benveniste EN; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama at; Birmingham 35294.
Infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is often complicated by a variety of neurological abnormalities. The most common clinical syndrome, termed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex, presents as a subcortical dementia with cognitive, motor,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 18;91(2):664-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94119947
Fawell S; Seery J; Daikh Y; Moore C; Chen LL; Pepinsky B; Barsoum J; Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142.
The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) can enter cells efficiently when added exogenously in tissue culture. To assess if Tat can carry other molecules into cells, we chemically cross-linked Tat peptides (residues 1-72 or 37-72) to beta-galactosidase, horseradish peroxidase, RNase A, and domain III
The Authors have carried out a study on the therapeutic effect of thymostimulin in HIV-positive subjects with lymphoadenopathy syndrome. Of the 140 selected patients, 70 were subjected to a treatment with thymostimulin (50 mg/die i.m. for 30 days + 50 mg/3 times a week i.m. in the second, third and fourth month + 50 m
Scampini G; Nava A; Newman AJ; Della Torre P; Mazue G; R&D/Farmitalia Carlo Erba, Nerviano, Italy.
Rifabutin is an antibiotic of the rifamycin class, which is particularly active against mycobacteria, including those that occur in AIDS patients. Because clinical use will include long-term therapy, an extensive battery of long-term toxicity studies was carried out by the oral route, including carcinogenicity studies
Rindum JL; Holmstrup P; Pedersen M; Rassing MR; Stoltze K; Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, University Hospital; (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark.
A chewing gum containing the antifungal drug miconazole may be convenient for topical treatment of oral candidosis. Therefore a trial was performed to examine the effect and tolerance of miconazole chewing gum in comparison with miconazole gel in the treatment of oral candidosis. The study group consisted of 32 patien
Capsoni F; Minonzio F; Ongari AM; Bonara P; Pinto G; Carbonelli V; Lazzarin A; Zanussi C; Institute of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and; Immunopathology, University of Milan, Italy.
Fc-receptor (FcR)-mediated phagocytosis and FcR (FcRI, FcRII and FcRIII) membrane expression was studied on freshly separated and cultured monocytes (Mo) from 20 AIDS patients and 20 healthy controls. Both Mo and Mo-derived macrophages from AIDS patients presented a significant defect in their capacity to ingest IgG-c
Nimer SD; Giorgi J; Gajewski JL; Ku N; Schiller GJ; Lee K; Territo M; Ho W; Feig S; Selch M; et al; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine.
We performed a prospective randomized, double-blind study to assess the efficacy of selective depletion of CD8+ bone marrow cells in preventing acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in 38 patients undergoing HLA-identical sibling donor bone marrow transplantation for leukemia. All patients received CsA for GVHD proph
Curiel TJ; Cook DR; Bogedain C; Jilg W; Harrison GS; Cotten M; Curiel DT; Wagner E; Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Health; Sciences Center, Denver 80262.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a herpesvirus that transforms B-cells (B-LCL) and has undergone intense scrutiny owing to its association with Burkitt s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and immunoblastic lymphomas. B-LCL have also proven useful in the study of human immunology. We describe a novel system for inducing e
Z Gastroenterol. 1993 Nov;31(11):661-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94120778
Ott M; Wegner A; Caspary WF; Lembcke B; Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, J. W.; Goethe-University, Frankfurt.
The relation of small intestinal dysfunction and malnutrition (body composition and serum index parameters of nutrition) was investigated in 36 male patients with AIDS. Mucosal absorptive capacity was assessed by the 25 g D-xylose test. D-xylose absorption (2 h - serum profile and 5 h - urine) classified 17 patients a
Knolle H; Institut fur Sozial- und Praventivmedizin, Universitat Bern.
Long-term predictions of the AIDS epidemic in the general population are possible only on the basis of an epidemiologic model which contains explicit assumptions about partner choice and duration of partnerships. Several models proposed heretofore predict too many AIDS cases in the next century, because they neglect t
The parasitologic investigation performed without clinical orientation in a routine laboratory allowed to identify the most common parasites, often cysts of protozoa, using a minimal technique. A more accurate investigation (e.g.: concentration, extraction and flotation) was hampered by a too large number of systemati
Pelfrene E; Michielsen W; Voet D; Hanssens M; Afschrift M; De Laey JJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis, Gent.
A patient with neurosyphilis, presenting with severe ocular impairment due to optic neuropathy, is described. In such a case, a low index of clinical suspicion and improper use of syphilitic serologic tests may delay diagnosis. However, specific tests of serum and cerebrospinal fluid are mandatory for the diagnosis. T
Delfs-Jegge S; Dalquen P; Hurwitz N; Institute for Pathology, University of Basel, Switzerland.
Cells with typical cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) inclusion bodies were found in smears of a pleural effusion from a 51-year-old acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient. He suffered from severe, generalized CMV infection and Pneumo
AANA J. 1993 Jun;61(3):309-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94120898
Benedict S; Fehder WP
Healthcare for the homeless is often crisis-oriented and fragmented. Homelessness may be associated with ongoing healthcare problems such as tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and substance abuse. The purpose of this study was to identify the anesthesia servic
Am J Pathol. 1994 Jan;144(1):15-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121152
Arai E; Chow KC; Li CY; Tokunaga M; Katayama I; Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical School, Japan.
Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) shares overlapping clinicopathological features with cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), requiring detection of monoclonal integration of proviral DNA of type 1 human T cell leukemia virus for its differential diagnosis from the latter. We applied in situ hybridization (ISH) and pol
Ann Intern Med. 1994 Feb 15;120(4):257-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121388
Weingarten SR; Riedinger MS; Conner L; Lee TH; Hoffman I; Johnson B; Ellrodt AG; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles,; CA 90048.
OBJECTIVE: The acceptability, safety, and efficacy of practice guidelines have rarely been evaluated. Moreover, despite the recent development of guidelines and decision aids for patients admitted to coronary care and intermediate care units, few have been tested in clinical practice. DESIGN: A prospective, controlled
Ann Intern Med. 1994 Feb 15;120(4):310-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121396
Knowledge about the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection gained since 1988 has necessitated an update of our previously published policies. Important advances have been made in the treatment of HIV infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), resulting
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1993;144(5):323-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121418
Beaulieu P; Molina JM; Rouveau M; Garrait V; Casin I; Doco-Lecompte T; Lagrange P; Decazes JM; Modai J; Clinique des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital; Saint-Louis, Paris.
This retrospective study compared the epidemiological, clinical and bacteriological characteristics of tuberculosis in HIV-infected (HIV+) and seronegative (HIV-) patients in France . It included 67 cases of tuberculosis observed in the hospital setting between 1985 and 1990. The 35
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1993;144(5):329-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121419
Fenouillet E; Blanes N; Coutellier A; Demarquest J; Rozenbaum W; Gluckman JC; CNRS URA 1463, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris.
To assess whether monitoring of antibodies (Ab) directed against the HIV-1 p25 core protein may be used as a predictive marker in the biological monitoring of HIV-infected patients, a study was performed on a transversal cohort of 68 CDC stage II-III, and 36 ARC and 26 AIDS stage IV patients, 37 of whom were being tre
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1993;144(5):335-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121420
Cabie A; Matheron S; De Truchis P; Fegueux S; Bouchaud O; Saimot AG; Coulaud JP; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital; Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
Between 1989 and 1990, 10 HIV-infected patients with renal involvement (proteinuria and/or renal failure) were followed. The 5 men and 5 women black (4 Haitians, 3 Zairians, 2 Congolese and 1 Angolan). Their mean age was 31.7 +/- 4 years. No known risk factor was identified and transmission was probably heterosexual.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Jan 14;198(1):243-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121637
Kanamori H; Kodama T; Matsumoto A; Itakura H; Yazaki Y; Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo,; Japan.
T cell growth factor receptor, interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2R alpha) is constitutively expressed on human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infected T cells. We have established L cell lines which express both IL-2R alpha and the Rex protein of HTLV-1. We found that IL-1R alpha mRNA is stabilized in a c
Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1993 Nov;75(6):417-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94113540
Whitworth IH; Birchall MA; Stafford ND; Department of ENT, St Mary's Hospital, London.
A retrospective review of over 700 HIV-positive patients referred to the ENT department at St Mary s Hospital was undertaken. This revealed nine patients whose initial presentation was due to an upper neck swelling. The clinical and cytological results are discussed as well as consideration of the similarity of these
Veugelers PJ; Schechter MT; Tindall B; Moss AR; Page KA; Craib KJ; Cooper DA; Coutinho RA; Charlebois E; Winkelstein W Jr; et al; Municipal Health Service, Department of Public Health, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the decline in CD4+ counts in relation to the incidence of AIDS in different cohorts of homosexual men and to quantify possible consequences of laboratory variation in CD4+ measurement. METHODS: Our study includes 403 men with well documented dates of HIV seroconversion originating from five coh
Mills GD; Jones PD; Department of Infectious Diseases, Prince Henry Hospital, Sydney,; New South Wales, Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between CD4 lymphocyte count and short-term AIDS mortality, and to determine whether this relationship changed during 1986-1991. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of CD4 lymphocyte counts in patients dying with AIDS and estimation of median survival in patients with a CD4 count
Easterbrook PJ; Emami J; Gazzard B; AIDS Programme, Kobler Centre, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital,; London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between survival and the rate of CD4 cell decline before and in the first year following initiation of zidovudine (ZDV) therapy. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: Hospital-based HIV clinics within the Riverside District Health Authority in London. PATIENTS:
Spina CA; Kwoh TJ; Chowers MY; Guatelli JC; Richman DD; Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0679.
The viral regulatory gene, nef, is unique to the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) and their related primate lentiviruses. Expression of the nef gene has been shown to be essential to the maintenance of high levels of virus replication and the development of pathogenesis in the animal model of simian immunodeficien
Tsuchie H; Maniar JK; Yoshihara N; Imai M; Kurimura T; Kitamura T; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University,; Japan.
The third variable (V3) domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) env gene has been found to elicit type-specific neutralizing antibodies as well as a cytotoxic and helper T-cell response in both humans and animals. We analyzed the V3 domain of 8 HIV-1 isolates from India
Sloand E; Kumar P; Klein HG; Merritt S; Sacher R; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of; Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland.
BACKGROUND: Although a recent study reported shorter survivals in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients who received transfusions, no study has analyzed the relationship in such patients between the frequency of opportunistic infection and transfusion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Records of 196 H
Kaplan MH; North Shore University Hospital, Cornell University Medical; College, Manhasset, New York 11030.
Human retroviral infections result in significant neoplastic disease. Human T cell lymphotropic virus I (HTLV-I), the first human retrovirus to be discovered, is associated with the development of acute T cell leukemia with characteristic hypercalcemia and skin lesions after many years of chronic infection of CD4+ cel
Wagner GJ; Rabkin JG; Rabkin R; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute,; New York 10032.
BACKGROUND: With no cure or vaccine for AIDS expected in the near future, researchers have tried to locate predictors of high-risk sexual activity and develop interventions that emphasize primary prevention and encouragement of safe sex. This study examines the roles of depression, feelings of hopelessness, relationsh
Tabet SR; Goldbaum GM; Hooton TM; Eisenach KD; Cave MD; Nolan CM; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of; Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle.
Analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) was used to investigate an increase in tuberculosis (TB) among noninstitutionalized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons in King County, Washington. Using the IS6110 insertion sequence, RFLP analysis was done on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isol
Hughes MD; Stein DS; Gundacker HM; Valentine FT; Phair JP; Volberding PA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Changes in CD4 lymphocyte counts are widely used in monitoring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients for disease progression. However, random fluctuations may obscure clinically significant changes. CD4 cell counts from 1020 untreated subjects with asymptomatic HIV infection monitored by standardized me
Yarchoan R; Lietzau JA; Nguyen BY; Brawley OW; Pluda JM; Saville MW; Wyvill KM; Steinberg SM; Agbaria R; Mitsuya H; et al; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A randomized pilot study comparing alternating and simultaneous regimens of zidovudine and didanosine (ddl) was conducted in 41 patients with AIDS or symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Patients on each regimen received the same overall amounts of zidovudine and didanosine over time. CD4 cell cou
Cragg GM; Schepartz SA; Suffness M; Grever MR; Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Over the past 30 years, the National Cancer Institute has been involved in the preclinical and/or clinical evaluation of the majority of those agents approved for the treatment of cancer. Many of the new agents under consideration in the NCI program are either natural products or derivatives of natural product leads,
BACKGROUND. Among infants with maternally transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, there are two patterns of disease progression. In about a fifth of these infants there is a rapid progression to profound immunodeficiency, whereas in the majority the disease progresses much more slowly. METHODS. We st
Lancaster DJ; Lancaster LL; Department of Medical Education, Methodist Hospitals of Memphis,; TN 38104.
The current status of antiretroviral therapy is in a state of flux. Clinical and immunologic benefit of antiretroviral treatment has been demonstrated, but the duration of benefit is finite and the effect on survival uncertain. Failure of antiretroviral treatment is closely associated with development of drug resistan
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 4;91(1):18-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94105128
Velupillai P; Harn DA; Department of Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public; Health, Boston, MA 02115.
Defining the factors and/or mechanisms that lead to the predominance of a particular CD4+ T-cell subset (Th-1 vs. Th-2) is an area of intense investigation. In murine schistosomiasis, Th-2-type T cells become predominant after deposition of eggs. The most immunoreactive egg components are glycoproteins. Previously we
Masuda T; el-Farrash MA; Kuroda MJ; Harada S; Department of Biodefense and Medical Virology, Kumamoto; University School of Medicine, Japan.
To examine the 3 terminal processing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcripts and the effects of phorbol ester (TPA) on this processing, cellular RNAs from persistently infected T cells (MOLT-4) or promonocytes (U937), with or without TPA treatment, were analyzed. To map the 3 terminals of viral tr
Lee MG; Chung KY; Lee JD; Shin JS; Whang KK; Awh OD; Kim SJ; Lee JB; Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine,; Seoul, Korea.
Immunoscintigraphy with radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies has been widely used to detect solid tumours. The purpose of this study was to investigate its potential for the specific localization of syphilitic lesions. F(ab )2 fragments were prepared from murine monoclonal antibodies against Treponema pallidum produced
Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1993;120(6-7):455-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94106926
el Sayed F; Viraben R; Bazex J; Gorguet B; Departement de Dermatologie, Venereologie et Allergologie,; CHU Purpan, Toulouse.
We report two new cases of HIV-1 seropositive subjects who developed porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). Laboratory examinations revealed a rise of uroporphyrin in the 24-hour urine and a fall of CD4 lymphocytes below 200/mm3 reflecting severe immuno-depression. Treatment with iterative phlebotomy resulted in regression of
Simon F; Matheron S; Tamalet C; Loussert-Ajaka I; Bartczak S; Pepin JM; Dhiver C; Gamba E; Elbim C; Gastaut JA; et al; Laboratoire de Virologie, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris,; France.
OBJECTIVE: To determine circulating viral load in HIV-2-infected individuals. METHODS: Viral load was determined in 40 HIV-2-infected adults using standardized quantitative cell and qualitative plasma viraemia assays. We also tested for proviral HIV-2 DNA using single and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in fres
Bagasra O; Seshamma T; Oakes JW; Pomerantz RJ; Dorrance H. Hamilton Laboratories, Department of Medicine,; Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
OBJECTIVES: HIV-1 infection of humans leads to states of immunosuppression. Therefore, we sought to determine precise levels of HIV-1 infection of cells in vivo, as these data may assist in the understanding of the pathogenetic processes involved in HIV infection. DESIGN AND METHODS: We have developed an in situ polym
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):1039-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107591
Igarashi T; Yamashita M; Miura T; Osei-Kwasi M; Aysi NK; Shiraki H; Kurimura T; Hayami M; Research Center for Immunodeficiency Viruses, Kyoto University,; Japan.
An HTLV-II was isolated from a Ghanaian female patient with ARC and anti-HTLV-II antibody by cocultivation of PBMC with Molt-4 cells. A part of the 5 LTR of this virus was sequenced. Sequence homology between this virus and the corresponding sequence of Mo, the prototype of HTLV-II, is 97.4%. Furthermore, this virus
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):1043-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107592
Aboulafia DM; Feigal E; Vranzian K; Bennett C; Blattner W; Moss A; Slamon D; Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.
Three hundred and forty-six sera collected over a 2-year period from 154 San Francisco IV drug users were subjected to HTLV-I/II RIPA, Western blot (WB), Du Pont ELISA, and p24 radioimmunoassay (RIA). Tests were performed at separate sites and code not broken until study end. RIPA-positive and -negative controls consi
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):957-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107596
Capobianchi MR; Ameglio F; Fei PC; Castilletti C; Mercuri F; Fais S; Dianzani F; Institute of Virology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
Similarly to HIV-infected cells, recombinant HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 induces acid-labile interferon production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors. Acid lability of this interferon is due to the presence of both IFN-alpha and -gamma molecules. In fact, although not revealed by neutralization of an
Int J Epidemiol. 1993 Oct;22(5):927-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94109990
Ishida T; Pan IH; Horai S; Saitou N; Sun CS; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, University of; Tokyo, Japan.
The prevalence of human T-lymphotropic retrovirus (HTLV) was examined in Taiwan s indigenous populations. In all, 797 healthy subjects in Taiwan including Han Chinese and nine indigenous populations (Ami, Atayal, Bunun, Saisiat, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Tsuo, and Yami) were examined for the presence of antibodies to HTL
Pountain GD; Keogan MT; Hazleman BL; Brown DL; Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge.
AIMS--To investigate the effects of longer term corticosteroid treatment on circulating lymphocyte subsets. METHODS--Prednisolone (20 mg daily) was given to 12 healthy volunteers in a single morning dose for three days. Circulating lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry after whole blood lysis. RESULTS--Se
Schechter MT; Hogg RS; Aylward B; Craib KJ; Le TN; Montaner JS; B.C. Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, University of British; Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
In order to identify socioeconomic characteristics associated with slower progression of HIV infection, we conducted a nested case-control study within a cohort of 729 homosexual men. The study compared non-progressors (defined as subjects who, at a follow-up visit during the period October 1989-December 1990, had bee
JAMA. 1994 Feb 2;271(5):353-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94111259
Schechter M; Harrison LH; Halsey NA; Trade G; Santino M; Moulton LH; Quinn TC; Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario; Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro,; Brazil.
OBJECTIVES--To study the effect of human T-cell lymph-tropic virus type I (HTLV-I) on markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. DESIGN--A retrospective, nested case-control study. SETTING--A university hospital outpatient HIV clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1993 Oct 29;342(1299):35-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112117
Prasad KV; Kapeller R; Janssen O; Duke-Cohan JS; Repke H; Cantley LC; Rudd CE; Division of Tumor Immunology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston 02115.
CD4 serves as a receptor for MHC class II antigens and as a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) viral coat protein gp120. It is coupled to the protein-tyrosine kinase p56lck, an interaction necessary for an optimal response of certain T cells to antigen. Although anti-CD4 crosslinking may increase lcC
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1993 Oct 29;342(1299):59-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112121
Sattentau QJ; Moore JP; Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France.
The primary cellular receptor for the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV is the CD4 antigen (Sattentau et al. 1988; Sattentau & Weiss 1988). HIV infection of CD4+ cells is initiated by binding of the virus to the cell surface, via a high-affinity interaction between the first domain of C
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1993 Oct 29;342(1299):67-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112122
Clapham P; McKnight A; Simmons G; Weiss R; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, U.K.
HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV each bind to CD4 as the first step in virus entry. However, alternative receptors may also be used. HIV-1 binds to glycolipids with terminal galactosylceramide residues on neural cells; opsonized virus binds to Fc receptors; HIV-2 can infect certain CD4-negative cells. Further receptors may also p
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1993 Oct 29;342(1299):7-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112123
Barclay AN; Brady RL; Davis SJ; Lange G; MRC Cellular Immunology Unit, Sir William Dunn School of; Pathology, University of Oxford, U.K.
The CD4 membrane glycoprotein was one of the first cell surface antigens to be identified using monoclonal antibodies. It was shown to have a central role in the control of the recognition of foreign proteins by T lymphocytes and later as a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The analysis of the amino
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1993 Oct 29;342(1299):75-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112124
Davis SJ; James WS; Schockmel GA; Simon JH; Somoza C; MRC Cellular Immunology Unit, Sir William Dunn School of; Pathology, University of Oxford, U.K.
The use of chimeras of rat and human CD4 to probe the HIV-1 gp120 and antibody binding properties of CD4 is reviewed. Short segments of human CD4 sequence were substituted for the equivalent regions of rat CD4 which does not bind gp120, and analysis of the properties of these chimeras established: (i) that residues 33
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1993 Oct 29;342(1299):83-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112125
Moore JP; Jameson BA; Sattentau QJ; Willey R; Sodroski J; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
The HIV-1 surface glycoprotein gp120 binds CD4 in the initial state of virus-cell fusion. The extensive glycosylation of gp120 has thus far precluded definition of its structure by crystallographic methods. As an initial approach to a gp120 structure, the surface topology was mapped using antibodies. First, the region
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1993 Oct 29;342(1300):137-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94112128
Garnett GP; Anderson RM; Parasite Epidemiology Research Group, Imperial College, London; University, U.K.
The paper describes the development and analysis of a mathematical model of the spread and demographic impact of HIV in heterosexual communities in developing countries. The model extends previous work in this area by the representation of patterns of mixing between and within different age and sexual activity classes
Gupta P; Urbach A; Cosentino L; Thampatty P; Brady M; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of; Pittsburgh, PA 15261.
OBJECTIVE: To compare biologic properties of HIV-1 isolates from children with and without AIDS as a measure of viral cytopathogenicity. PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS: Virus isolates from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 13 perinatally infected children were compared for specific in vitro biologic properties. METHODS
Landay A; Ho JL; Hom D; Russell T; Zwerner R; Minuty JG; Kataaha P; Mmiro F; Jackson B; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush-Presbyterian-St; Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a manual method (Cytosphere) for quantifying CD4+ T-cell numbers. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of HIV-1-seronegative and HIV-1-seropositive individuals evaluated for absolute CD4 counts by both standardized flow cytometric measurements and manual Cytosphere technology using a hemacytometer. SET
Lucas SB; Hounnou A; Peacock C; Beaumel A; Djomand G; N'Gbichi JM; Yeboue K; Honde M; Diomande M; Giordano C; et al; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
BACKGROUND: HIV disease is epidemic in Africa, but associated mortality, underlying pathology and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts have not previously been evaluated in a representative study. Such data help to determine the management of HIV-positive people. Both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections are prevalent in
OBJECTIVE: The pathogenesis of neurologic and neuropsychologic dysfunction in HIV-1 infection is unclear. The purpose of the study was to determine an association between cerebral perfusion and HIV-1-related ocular microangiopathic syndrome. METHODS: We studied 28 HIV-1-infected patients, seven of whom presented with
Coodley GO; Coodley MK; Nelson HD; Loveless MO; Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098.
OBJECTIVE: We measured micronutrient values in patients with the HIV wasting syndrome and in other HIV-seropositive patients to determine whether specific micronutrient deficiencies were associated with the wasting syndrome. METHODS: Serum from 47 HIV-seropositive patients was evaluated for concentrations of vitamin A
Vandenbruaene M; Colebunders R; Goeman J; Alary M; Farber CM; Kestens L; van Ham G; Van den Ende J; Van Gompel A; Van den Enden E; et al; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical axis of the World Health Organization (WHO) clinical staging system and the modified WHO staging system proposed by Montaner et al. using the lymphocyte strata > 1500, 1500-1000 and
Malin G; Plachy J; Bumstead N; Hala K; Institute for General and Experimental Pathology, University of; Innsbruck, Austria.
Two closely related inbred lines of chickens, CB and CC, were compared for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype, response to tumors induced by Rous sarcoma virus and CD4:CD8 ratio. Genetic analysis showed that all the above traits were associated with the MHC. In all CB chickens, we found an additional end
Yang YC; Hung TP; Wang CH; Lin MT; Hsu TY; Chen JY; Chen YC; Yang CS; Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National; Taiwan University, Taipei.
We describe a Taiwanese woman with chronic progressive myelopathy, in whom Western blot analysis of the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) displayed positive reactions to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) proteins, p19, p24, p28, p36, gp46 and p53. HTLV-I proviral genomes were detected in the peripheral bloo
Willey RL; Martin MA; Peden KW; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41, previously shown to confer an enhanced replicative capacity and broadened host range to the ELI1 strain of HIV-1, were analyzed for their biochemical effects on envelope structure and function. The tendency of purified
Lancet. 1994 Jan 22;343(8891):191-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118647
Children infected with HIV do not necessarily develop AIDS to a set pattern but can be divided into long-term and short-term survivors. We examined long-term survival in children perinatally infected with HIV-1. Out of a total of 624, we studied 182 children who survived longer than 5 years (long-term survivors [LTS])
The epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in Thailand has allowed an estimate to be made of the probability of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission per sexual contact. In a study of 1115 21-year-old male military conscripts, of whom 77 (6.9%) were HIV-1 s
Lancet. 1994 Jan 22;343(8891):211-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118653
Lefrere JJ; Mariotti M; Thauvin M; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Hopital; Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.
A transfusional B19 parvovirus infection may have severe consequences in immunocompromised hosts. The presence of B19 DNA was investigated with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in 30 batches of solvent/detergent-treated clotting factor concentrates (12 batches of factor VIII, 16 batches of factor IX, 1 batch of
Lancet. 1994 Jan 22;343(8891):213-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94118654
Yamaguchi K; Blood Transfusion Service, Kumamoto University School of; Medicine, Japan.
Adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) was first reported in Japan , where it has a high incidence in the southwest region. The retrovirus human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is the cause of ATL; and in ATL-endemic areas, the rate of carriage of antibodies to HTLV-I is high. A definite
Hober D; Ajana F; Petit MC; Sartiaux C; Boniface M; Caillaux M; Mouton Y; Wattre P; Maniez-Montreuil M; Service de Bacteriologie-Virologie B-CHRU Lille, France.
Variations in cytokine production in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could be involved in the physiopathology and in the progression of the disease. Therefore we studied the level of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) produce
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 18;91(2):544-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94119923
de Boer RJ; Boerlijst MC; Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
We propose a model for the interaction between human immunodeficiency virus and the immune system. Two differential equations describe the interactions between one strain of virus and one clone of T lymphocytes. We use the model to generalize earlier results pertaining to the AIDS diversity threshold [Nowak, M. A., An
Dismukes WE; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at; Birmingham School of Medicine 35294-0006.
Cryptococcosis is a common opportunistic fungal disease in immunocompromised patients and also may occur in normal hosts. Cryptococcal disease most frequently involves the lungs and central nervous system. Management remains controversial, especially in patients with life-threatening disease and those with underlying
Marczinovits I; Boros I; el Jarrah F; Fust G; Molnar J; Institute of Microbiology, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Medical; University, Szeged, Hungary.
Recombinant HIV-1 p24/p25 gag proteins were obtained from Escherichia coli using a cleavable fusion strategy. The fusion protein contains 280 amino acid residues of staphylococcal Protein A and 317 amino acid residues of p24/p25 flanking with the recognition/cleavage sequences for HIV protease. Fusion protein expresse
Protein Sci. 1993 Nov;2(11):1827-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94093390
Sezerman U; Vajda S; Cornette J; DeLisi C; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University College; of Engineering, Massachusetts 02218.
We introduce a method for docking small flexible ligands of the size of dipeptides and phosphocholine and test it against crystallographic complexes. We then show how the method can be used as the basis for a strategy for solving the much more difficult problem of docking fully flexible peptides in the 8-10-residue si
Wylie-Rosett J; Swencionis C; Peters MH; Dornelas EA; Edlen-Nezin L; Kelly LD; Wassertheil-Smoller S; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein; College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.
OBJECTIVE: The effects of a cognitive-behavioral weight control intervention were compared in two independent-living, older adult (mean age = 70.5 years) communities. DESIGN: The research design compared the experimental community (n = 163), which received the intervention, with the control community (n = 162). SUBJEC
Szabo G Jr; Weaver JL; Pine PS; Aszalos A; Division of Research and Testing, F.D.A., Washington, DC 20204.
Brief treatment of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with the potential anti-HIV compound aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) prompts the selective release of already bound L-selectin-specific anti-Leu8 and anti-LAM1-1 antibodies from the cells. Two other anti-LAM1 antibodies, anti-LAM1-3 and anti-LAM1-5 stay antigen-bound
Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Dec 14;46(12):2307-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94099806
Im GJ; Tramontano E; Gonzalez CJ; Cheng YC; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine,; New Haven, CT 06510.
A recombinant clone of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) with reduced sensitivity to 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine 5 -triphosphate (AZTTP) and phosphonoformate (PFA), a pyrophosphate analog, has been obtained from the RNA of HTLV-IIIB infected cells using the polymerase chain reaction.
Blood. 1994 Jan 1;83(1):167-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94100530
Zauli G; Vitale M; Re MC; Furlini G; Zamai L; Falcieri E; Gibellini D; Visani G; Davis BR; Capitani S; et al; Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Ferrara, Italy.
In this study, we evaluated the effect of a short-term exposure (2 hours) to two different lymphocytotropic strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1; HIVIIIB and ICR-3) on the survival of a factor-dependent CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cell line (TF-1). At flow cytometry analysis, a significant (P
DeStefano JJ; Bambara RA; Fay PJ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Rochester, New York; 14642.
The mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase-catalyzed strand transfer synthesis (i.e. switching of the primer to a new template) from internal regions of natural sequence RNA was investigated. The system consisted of a 142-nucleotide RNA template (donor) primed with a specific 20-nucleotide DNA
Yadav PN; Yadav JS; Arnold E; Modak MJ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey; Medical School, Newark.
Using a computer-assisted molecular modeling protocol, we have completed the three-dimensional structures of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I based on the C alpha crystal coordinates of the individual enzymes. The two model-built structures were then used to compare the electrost
Nagatani T; Miyazawa M; Matsuzaki T; Iemoto G; Kim S; Baba N; Miyakawa K; Miyamoto H; Nakajima H; Hirai Y; Department of Dermatology, Yokohama City University School of; Medicine, Japan.
A 45-year-old man was referred to our department in March of 1989. Physical examination showed erythroderma, palmo-plantar hyperkeratosis, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and leukemic manifestation. The lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood before treatment was 1.7 x 10(4) cells/mm3. Atypical lymph
Smith MS; Koerber KL; Pagano JS; University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer; Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Zidovudine (3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine)-resistant isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were previously demonstrated in zidovudine-treated AIDS patients. The genetic linkage of multiple mutations characteristic of zidovudine resistance as well as dideoxyinosine resistance were demonstrated by ex
Urban M; Winkler T; Landini MP; Britt W; Mach M; Institute fur Klinische und Molekulare Virologie,; Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany.
The IgG subclass pattern against linear antibody binding sites on glycoproteins of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was investigated in HCMV-positive healthy blood donors, human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons, sera from mothers with primary HCMV infection during pregnancy and
Vella C; Ferguson M; Dunn G; Meloen R; Langedijk H; Evans D; Minor PD; National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South; Mimms, Potters Bar, Herts, U.K.
The poliovirus/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) chimera S1/env/3 presents the sequence DRPEGIEEEGGERDRDRS, a known glycoprotein gp41 neutralizing domain (residues 735 to 752) of HIV IIIB in an antigenic site of the Sabin type 1 strain of poliovirus. Of 10 monoclonal antibodies raised against the sequence as presente
Davis D; Stephens DM; Carne CA; Lachmann PJ; Molecular Immunopathology Unit, MRC Centre, Cambridge, U.K.
Antibodies have been raised against a synthetic peptide (IRDKIQKENALFRNL) containing a neutralizing epitope within the second variable region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) SF2 strain external envelope glycoprotein (gp120) and also against equivalent peptides of the HIV-1 LAI, RF and MN isolates. T
Hashida S; Hirota K; Hashinaka K; Saitoh A; Nakata A; Shinagawa H; Oka S; Shimada K; Mimaya J; Matsushita S; et al; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Miyazaki, Japan.
For diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, attempts were made to detect anti-HIV-1 IgG in urine by sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) using recombinant reverse transcriptase (RT) and p17 as antigens. Anti-HIV-1 IgG in urine was reacted simultaneously with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-bovine serum al
J Med Chem. 1993 Dec 24;36(26):4131-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94104008
Patil AD; Freyer AJ; Eggleston DS; Haltiwanger RC; Bean MF; Taylor PB; Caranfa MJ; Breen AL; Bartus HR; Johnson RK; et al; Department of Biomolecular Discovery, SmithKline Beecham; Pharmaceuticals R & D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
As part of a search for novel inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the acetone extract of the giant African snail, Achatina fulica, was shown to be active. Fractionation of the extract yielded inophyllums A, B, C, and E and calophyllolide (1a, 2a, 3a, 3b, and 6), previously isolated from Calophyllum inophyllum L
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 4;91(1):108-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94105113
Poli G; Kinter AL; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
In the present study we have observed that interleukin (IL) 1 alpha or IL-1 beta directly induced expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the latently infected human promonocytic cell line U1. In addition, IL-1 synergized with IL-6, but not with tumor necrosis factor, in the upregulation of virus expressio
Oesterle R; Jurkiewicz E; Luke W; Nickel P; Hunsmann G; Jentsch KD; German Primate Centre, Department of Virology and Immunology,; Gottingen.
The reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibition and the specificity of 15 aminonaphthalenesulfonic acid derivatives were examined with RT of a simian immunodeficiency virus derived from an African green monkey (SIVagmTYO-7). The two compounds with the strongest RT inhibition (NF415) or the highest specificity (NF345), toget
Alam M; Bechtold CM; Patick AK; Skoog MT; Gant TG; Colonno RJ; Meyers AI; Li H; Trimble J; Lin PF; Department of Virology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical; Research Institute, Wallingford, CT 06492-7660.
A novel substituted naphthalenone (TGG-II-23A) has been found that inhibits HIV-1 infection of CEM-SS cells at concentrations that are not cytotoxic. Time of addition experiments indicate that TGG-II-23A functions at a stage of the HIV-1 life cycle at or near reverse transcription. Cell free assays confirmed that TGG-
White EL; Parker WB; Ross LJ; Shannon WM; Kettering-Meyer Laboratory, Southern Research Institute,; Birmingham, AL 35205.
3 -Deoxy-3 -azidothymidine ( AZT ) has been shown to synergistically inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in cell culture when combined with several other 2 ,3 -dideoxynucleoside analogs. In an effort to understand the
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):1031-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107590
Quillent C; Dumey N; Dauguet C; Clavel F; Departement SIDA et Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.
The 8E5 clonal cell line, derived from HIV-1-infected CEM cells, carries a single, reverse transcriptase (RT)-defective copy of an integrated HIV genome. The absence of RT production is a consequence of a frame shift in the pol gene, due to the addition of a single base at position 3241. We report here that 8E5 cells
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):939-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107594
Eddleston M; de La Torre JC; Xu JY; Dorfman N; Notkins A; Zolla-Pazner S; Oldstone MB; Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037.
Monoclonal antibodies that bound to HIV gp41 and cross-reacted with astrocytes were recovered from the blood of three patients infected with HIV-1. Mapping of the specificity of these monoclonal antibodies, using synthetic gp41 peptides, located their epitope to amino acids 644-663 and established their conformation d
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):945-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107595
Oravecz T; Norcross MA; Division of Hematologic Products, Food and Drug Administration,; NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
This study was designed to investigate the T cell costimulatory activity of ligands binding to different regions on the human CD4 molecule. We assayed the costimulatory properties of a panel of CD4 MAbs, intact HIV, and viral envelope glycoproteins in CD3-induced activation of resting T cell subpopulations. Our data u
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):971-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107598
Morimoto M; Saitoh A; Ueba N; Nakata A; Shinagawa H; Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Japan.
To use Env proteins as antigens for detection of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) antibodies, we attempted to overexpress the Env proteins in Escherichia coli. To study the epitopes in the Env proteins recognized by the sera of HIV carriers, various regions of the proviral DNA encoding the Env region we
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):985-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94107600
Pinter A; Honnen WJ; Racho ME; Tilley SA; Public Health Research Institute, New York, New York 10016.
A human monoclonal antibody (HuMAb), 5145A, against HIV-1 gp120 was isolated from an asymptomatic, seropositive hemophiliac. The epitope of this HuMAb was destroyed by reduction of gp120 disulfide bonds, but not by removal of N-linked carbohydrates. This epitope overlaps the CD4-binding site of gp120, because binding
Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1993 Dec;71(2):155-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94108882
Yoshizawa K; Kiyosawa K; Yamada S; Furuta K; Yabu K; Kitano K; Akamatsu T; Nakayama J; Katsuyama T; Matsunami H; et al; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School; of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
A new lymphoma cell line, designated SUBL, was established from a Japanese patient with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoma, which developed during FK 506 therapy after liver transplantation. This cell line has undergone 80 passages over a period of 22 months. The cultured cells were positive for CD19, CD20,
Gene. 1993 Dec 27;137(1):19-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94109690
Giver L; Bartel DP; Zapp ML; Green MR; Ellington AD; Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405.
We have used in vitro selection to isolate minimal, high-affinity RNA ligands for the Rev protein of HIV-1. Sequence analysis reveals that the tightest binding aptamers exhibit some similarity to a Rev-binding element (RBE) localized within the Rev-responsive element (RRE), but also contain novel sequence and structur
Gene. 1993 Dec 27;137(1):33-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94109692
Tuerk C; MacDougal-Waugh S; Nexagen, Inc., Boulder, CO 80301.
SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) is a protocol for isolating, from a pool of variant nucleic acid sequences, high-affinity ligands to a target protein [Tuerk and Gold, Science 249 (1990) 505-510]. This procedure involves cycles of affinity selection by a target molecule from a heteroge
A peptide display library [Scott and Smith, Science 249 (1990) 386-390] was constructed that expressed 1.5 x 10(8) unique 20-amino-acid (aa) peptides fused to the N-terminus of the pIII coat protein of filamentous phage fd. This phage display library (PDL-20) was prepared using a degenerate oligodeoxyribonucleotide de
Nokta M; Albrecht T; Pollard R; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical; Branch, Galveston 77550.
Papaverine hydrochloride (PAP) has previously been shown to have a potent inhibitory effect on the replication of viruses such as cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) and measles. In this report the effect of PAP on human immunodeficiency v
Wilson M; Mia N; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Dental Surgery, London,; England.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether Candida albicans, and other Candida spp. responsible for HIV-associated candidosis, could be sensitised to killing by low-power laser light. Suspensions of C. albicans were treated with a number of potential photosensitisers, exposed to laser light from a Helium/Neon
Fujita A; Matsuoka M; Shimonaka Y; Imai N; Asano S; Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Tokyo.
A 75-year-old man developed a cluster of differentiation (CD)4-positive but human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-negative T lymphoid neoplasm with overwhelming cutaneous involvement and mild thrombocytosis. Twelve courses tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (THP-COP) c
Slater LN; Pitha JV; Herrera L; Hughson MD; Min KW; Reed JA; Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences; Center, Oklahoma City.
Rochalimaea henselae causes bacillary angiomatosis , bacillary peliosis, and persistent bacteremia. Difficult to cultivate, it is detectable in infected tissues by immunocytochemistry. This technique demonstrated R henselae in autopsy specimens obtained from three deceased pat
Sperlagh M; Stefano K; Gonzalez-Scarano F; Liang S; Hoxie J; Maruyama H; Prewett M; Matsushita S; Herlyn D; Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
OBJECTIVE: To develop effective, specific and safe anti-idiotypic antibody (Ab2) vaccines against HIV-1. DESIGN: Murine monoclonal Ab2 were generated against anti-HIV-1 antibody 0.5 beta (Ab1), which binds to gp120, neutralizes HIV-1 and inhibits virus-induced syncytia formation. METHODS: Mice were immunized with Ab1,
Hanker J; Giammara B; Biomedical Engineering Department and Dental Research Center,; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Recent studies in our laboratories have shown how microwave (MW) irradiation can accelerate a number of tissue-processing techniques, especially staining, to aid in the preparation of single specimens on glass microscope slides or coverslips for examination by light microscopy (and electron microscopy, if required) fo
Howie SE; Sommerfield AJ; Gray E; Harrison DJ; Department of Pathology, Edinburgh University Medical School, UK.
We have demonstrated that a single intravenous bolus of rat anti-CD4 MoAb caused a small but prolonged increase in apoptosis in murine lymph nodes. We have quantified this process using the novel Highly Optimized Microscope Environment (HOME) interactive images analysis system and shown that the increase in apoptosis
Kyriazis AP; Kyriazis AA; Department of Experimental Pathology, New York Medical College,; Valhalla 10595.
The present study was undertaken in order to determine the incidence and distribution of opportunistic lung infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome related to intravenous drug use. One hundred ninety seven patients of both sexes were investigated. Based on bronchoalveolar lavage cytology, a tota
Jacques PS; Wohrl BM; Howard KJ; Le Grice SF; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University; School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
A contribution of the 51-kDa subunit of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase to activities of the parental heterodimer (p66/p51) was assessed in selectively deleted heterodimers whose p51 component contained C-terminal truncations of 13, 19, or 25 residues. Analyses included (i) efficiency of reco
Hottiger M; Podust VN; Thimmig RL; McHenry C; Hubscher U; University Zurich-Irchel, Department of Veterinary Biochemistry,; Switzerland.
By using a DNA substrate with defined gap size, we found that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-RT) was able to perform strand displacement DNA synthesis. This activity was not affected first by calf thymus proliferating cell nuclear antigen and replication factor C and second by Escherich
Indraccolo S; Mion M; Zamarchi R; Veronesi A; Veronese ML; Panozzo M; Betterle C; Barelli A; Borri A; Amadori A; et al; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Italy.
B cell dysregulation is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Since B lymphocytes comprise two distinct subpopulations, CD5+ and CD5- cells, we addressed their individual phenotypic and functional behavior. Seropositive patients with both limited and advanced disease progression had an increased percen
Chen YM; Jang YJ; Kanki PJ; Yu QC; Wang JJ; Montali RJ; Samuel KP; Papas TS; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nan-Kang,; Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Since the description of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) and its simian counterpart, simian T-cell leukemia virus type I (STLV-I), the possible existence of other related simian retroviruses has been raised. Here, we report a new retrovirus, STLV-II, which we have identified in spider monkeys (Ateles fusci
O'Brien WA; Namazi A; Kalhor H; Mao SH; Zack JA; Chen IS; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Los; Angeles, California 90073.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of mononuclear phagocytes has been implicated in disease manifestations, but postentry viral replication events in these cells have not been well characterized. Productive infection of activated T cells is associated with cell proliferation and accumulation of full-length
Aiyar A; Ge Z; Leis J; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University; School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
The 5 end of avian retrovirus RNA near the primer-binding site (PBS) forms two secondary structures, the U5-inverted repeat (U5-IR) and the U5-leader stems, and contains a 7-nucleotide sequence that anneals to the T psi C loop of the tRNA(Trp) primer. Mutations that disrupt any of these base pair interactions cause d
Remington KM; Zhu YQ; Phillips TR; North TW; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula; 59812.
We have selected and plaque purified zidovudine (3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine [ AZT ])-resistant mutants from an infectious molecular clone of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). The patterns of cross-resistance and drug susceptibilities of these mutants
Chen BK; Saksela K; Andino R; Baltimore D; Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021.
To study the basis of cellular latency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we have used a recombinant luciferase-encoding HIV (HXB-Luc) to superinfect nonproductively HIV-1-infected human leukemic cell lines. HXB-Luc contains the Photinus pyralis luciferase gene in place of the nef gene and provides a highly sensit
Thali M; Charles M; Furman C; Cavacini L; Posner M; Robinson J; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
A neutralization-resistant variant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that emerged during in vitro propagation of the virus in the presence of neutralizing serum from an infected individual has been described. A threonine-for-alanine substitution at position 582 in the gp41 transmembrane envelope glycoprot
Yoshiyama H; Mo H; Moore JP; Ho DD; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
The biologically cloned human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RF isolate is sensitive to neutralization by the murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) G3-4 to a conformationally sensitive epitope in the V2 loop of HIV-1 gp120. To assess how variation in the V2 amino acid sequence affects neutralization by this MAb, we
Honda M; Kitamura K; Nakasone T; Fukushima Y; Matsuda S; Nishioka K; Matsuda J; Hashimoto N; Yamazaki S; Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo,; Japan.
Although chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is known to be the syndrome that begins with an acute flu-like illness that may be due to the exposure to an infectious agent, there has been no convincing evidence on the causative agents. Recently, human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II)-like virus has been reported to be
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 18;91(2):549-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94119924
Patel PH; Preston BD; Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University College of; Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0789.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is genetically highly variable. This is attributed to the error-prone nature of HIV-1 replication and its proclivity for recombination. During replication and recombination, reverse transcriptase (RT) must polymerize DNA to the 5 ends of multiple RNA and DNA template termin
Arnold GF; Resnick DA; Li Y; Zhang A; Smith AD; Geisler SC; Jacobo-Molina A; Lee W; Webster RG; Arnold E; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers; University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.
This paper describes the design and construction of chimeric human rhinoviruses that contain immunogenic regions from other pathogens as part of their surface coat proteins. Segments encoding the poliovirus 3 Sabin VP1 and VP2 proteins, the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein, and the human immunodeficiency viru
Zhang RD; Henderson EE; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University; School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140.
We have examined for synergy between the IIIB strain of HIV-1 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) during infection of a homogeneous cell type. In order to obtain a cell population consisting of a homogeneous cell type, CD19-positive B lymphocytes were purified from human tonsils by flow cytometry. CD19-positive lymphocytes d
Am J Pathol. 1994 Jan;144(1):27-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121160
Sasseville VG; Newman W; Brodie SJ; Hesterberg P; Pauley D; Ringler DJ; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, New England; Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, Massachusetts.
Because the mechanisms associated with recruitment of monocytes to brain in AIDS encephalitis are unknown, we used tissues from rhesus monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) to examine the relative contributions of various adhesion pathways in mediating monocyte adhesion to endothelium from encephal
Am J Pathol. 1994 Jan;144(1):51-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94121162
Zhang YM; Bachmann S; Hemmer C; van Lunzen J; von Stemm A; Kern P; Dietrich M; Ziegler R; Waldherr R; Nawroth PP; Department of Medicine, Pathology and Anatomy, University of; Heidelberg, Germany.
We studied seven cases of Kaposi s sarcomas (KS) obtained from patients with AIDS and one KS from a patient without HIV infection. Antigen expression was studied by immunocytochemistry and mRNA expression by in situ hybridisation. The markers tested were endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1, thrombomodulin, and t
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