1999

Testing for HIV: current practices in the academic ED.: Am J Emerg Med. 1999 Jul;17(4):354-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379501; Wilson SR; Mitchell C; Bradbury DR; Chavez J; Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,; University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA.; The objective of this study was to determine common practices for testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), particularly in patients with other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in emergency departments (ED) with residency training in Emergency Medicine. Via mail, 112 directors of academic emergency medicine p
Induction of cytotoxic and helper T cell responses by modified simian immunodeficiency virus hypervariable epitope constructs.: Viral Immunol. 1999;12(2):117-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99339703; Meyer D; Torres JV; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.; We previously reported the broad humoral immunogenicity of peptides synthesized according to the cumulative variability of an epitope (1,16). These peptides, hypervariable epitope constructs (HECs), are designed to represent the envelope glycoproteins of several isolates of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Whe
Relationship between immunoclinical status and prevalence of viral sexually transmitted diseases among human immunodeficiency virus-1 seropositive patients in Ghana.: Viral Immunol. 1999;12(2):131-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99339704; Brandful JA; Apeagyei FA; Ampofo WK; Adu-Sarkodie Y; Ansah JE; Nuvor V; Aidoo S; Ishikawa K; Sata T; Yamamoto N; Yamazaki S; Virology Unit, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research; (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Legon.; In view of the strong association between the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), we screened 182 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infected patients over a 15-month period for serological markers to previously encountered or current STDs, most of viral etiology. The
Correlation of clinical parameters and immunological function with human immunodeficiency virus plasma viremia in children.: Viral Immunol. 1999;12(2):139-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99339705; Peters VB; Mayer L; Sperber KE; Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, New York 10029, USA. Vicki Peters@SMTPLINK.MSSM.EDU; Studies of immune function in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children are important, because functional abnormalities can precede CD4+ T-cell loss and are associated with the development of opportunistic and bacterial infections. We sought to correlate clinical parameters and immunological function with H
Atopic disorders: a default pathway in the absence of infection?: Immunol Today. 1999 Jul;20(7):317-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309059; Erb KJ; Zentrum fur Infektionsforschung, Universitat Wurzburg,; Rontgenring 11, 97070 Wurzburg, Germany.; klaus.erb@mai.l.uni-wuerzburg.de; Atopic disorders, such as asthma, are increasingly prevalent in the developed world. Recent epidemiological and experimental data suggest that some infectious diseases prevalent in the developing nations can inhibit the development of allergic disorders. Here, Klaus Erb reviews the data and presents a model showing ho
T-cell function in newborn mice and humans.: Immunol Today. 1999 Jul;20(7):330-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309061; Adkins B; Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Medical; School, Miami, FL 33136, USA. radkins@mednet.med.miami.edu; Neonates mount poor immune responses, and it has been assumed that neonatal T cells differ qualitatively from adult T cells. Here, Becky Adkins discusses this issue in the light of recent data indicating that T cells in neonates are developmentally mature in their capacity to mount protective Th1-type and cytotoxic T
Granuloma formation and tuberculosis transmission in HIV-infected patients [letter]: Immunol Today. 1999 Jul;20(7):336-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309062; Ledru E; Ledru S; Zoubga A
Granulomatous inflammation and transmission of infectious disease [letter]: Immunol Today. 1999 Jul;20(7):337. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309063; Di Perri G; Bonora S; Allegranzi B; Concia E
CD26, let it cut or cut it down.: Immunol Today. 1999 Aug;20(8):367-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362422; De Meester I; Korom S; Van Damme J; Scharpe S; Laboratory for Medical Biochemistry, University of Antwerp,; Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.; idmeest@uia.ua.ac.be; The costimulatory properties of CD26 have been studied extensively and significant progress has been made in unravelling the complex nature of this molecule. Here, we summarize recent findings on molecular and functional characteristics of CD26. We argue that a multidisciplinary approach might reveal the molecular eve
HIV-1 tat: immunosuppression via TGF-beta1 induction [letter]: Immunol Today. 1999 Aug;20(8):384-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362425; Reinhold D; Wrenger S; Kahne T; Ansorge S
Increase in the immunogenicity of HIV peptide antigens by chemical linkage to polytuftsin (TKPR40).: DNA Cell Biol. 1999 Aug;18(8):623-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392354; Gokulan K; Khare S; Rao DN; Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical; Sciences, New Delhi. gokulan@abgen.cvm.tamu.edu; The use of synthetic peptide antigens in human prophylaxis still suffers from the very important problem of finding suitable carriers devoid of side effects. A desirable carrier for use in humans would be poorly immunogenic by itself, yet it would enhance the immune response to the peptide antigen. In the study report
Unraveling immunity to gamma-herpesviruses: a new model for understanding the role of immunity in chronic virus infection.: Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Aug;11(4):371-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379867; Virgin HW; Speck SH; Department of Pathology, Washington University School of; Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.; virgin@immunology.wustl.edu; Murine gamma-herpesvirus 68 (gammaHV68) infection is a new model for understanding how immunity and chronic gamma-herpesvirus infection inter-relate. gammaHV68 is closely related to the human Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi s sarcoma herpesvirus and is associated with tumors, vasculitis of the great elastic arteries and
Receptor mediated subversion of macrophage cytokine production by intracellular pathogens.: Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Aug;11(4):406-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379872; Mosser DM; Karp CL; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University; School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.; dmmosser@astro.temple.edu; Appropriately regulated immune responses depend on the controlled production of cytokines from antigen presenting cells. IL-12 synthesis is tightly regulated by several redundant mechanisms. One mechanism of IL-12 regulation involves the cross-linking of surface receptors on macrophages. This pathway may be exploited
The abnormal gene in X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome.: Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Aug;11(4):431-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379876; Sullivan JL; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts; Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Biotech II, Suite 318,; Worcester, MA 01605, USA. John.Sullivan@umassmed.edu; The gene defect responsible for X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome, SH2D1A (SH2-domain-containing gene 1A), was recently cloned. This gene encodes a small protein of 128 amino acids containing a single SH2 domain, which is thought to play an important role in signal transduction in activated T cells. The definition
HIV recent advances in AIDS research: genetics, molecular biology and immunology [editorial]: Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Aug;11(4):449-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379879; Landau NR
T lymphocyte responses in HIV-1 infection: implications for vaccine development.: Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Aug;11(4):451-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379880; Brander C; Walker BD; Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital,; Harvard Medical School, MGH-East, 5th floor, 149 13th Street,; Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. brander@helix.mgh.harvard.edu; Substantial progress has been made over the past year in understanding the cellular immune response in HIV pathogenesis. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a critical role in establishing the level of viremia and virus-specific Th cell responses appear to affect the in vivo efficacy of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Together, the
HIV-1 Tat: coping with negative elongation factors.: Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Aug;11(4):460-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379881; Garber ME; Jones KA; Regulatory Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute, 10010 North; Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037-1099, USA.; The intrinsic processivity of RNA polymerase II complexes arises from a complex interplay between the recently identified positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) and negative transcription elongation factors, DSIF (5, 6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole [DRB]-sensitivity-inducing factor) and the
Host genetic influences on HIV-1 pathogenesis.: Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Aug;11(4):466-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379882; Michael NL; Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Pathogenesis, Division of; Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 1600 East; Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. nmichael@pasteur.hjf.org; Cellular entry of HIV-1 is mediated by interaction with CD4 and chemokine receptors that serve as entry coreceptors. The immune response against HIV-1 is regulated by genes of the HLA locus. Genetic polymorphisms in these genes have recently been associated with effects on HIV-1 pathogenesis. The history and implicati
Rate of HIV-1 RNA rebound upon stopping antiretroviral therapy.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):F59-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297577; Harrigan PR; Whaley M; Montaner JS; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital,; Vancouver, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of plasma HIV-1 RNA rebound in patients stopping highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) after achieving undetectable viral load. DESIGN: Sequential plasma HIV RNA levels were measured in six patients during the 21 days following withdrawal from HAART. METHODS: Plasma samples were
Effects of metformin on insulin resistance and central adiposity in patients receiving effective protease inhibitor therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):1000-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297598; Saint-Marc T; Touraine JL
Lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B and HIV co-infection [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):1002-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297599; Carton JA; Maradona JA; Asensi V; Rodriguez M; Martinez A
Nevirapine-induced withdrawal symptoms in HIV patients on methadone maintenance programme: an alert [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):1004-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297600; Otero MJ; Fuertes A; Sanchez R; Luna G
Decreased needs for hospital care and antibiotics in children with advanced HIV-1 disease after protease inhibitor-containing combination therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):1005-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297601; Canani RB; Spagnuolo MI; Cirillo P; Guarino A
What role does HIV-1 subtype play in transmission and pathogenesis? An epidemiological perspective [editorial]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):873-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99401982; Hu DJ; Buve A; Baggs J; van der Groen G; Dondero TJ; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD and; TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Improvement in neutrophil and monocyte function during highly active antiretroviral treatment of HIV-1-infected patients.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):883-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297578; Mastroianni CM; Lichtner M; Mengoni F; D'Agostino C; Forcina G; d'Ettorre G; Santopadre P; Vullo V; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, La Sapienza; University of Rome, Italy. vullo@caspur.it; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on neutrophil and monocyte function in patients with moderately advanced HIV-1 infection. DESIGN: Eighteen HIV-1-infected patients with CD4 T cell counts below 350/microl, no concomitant active infection, and no previous use of
Expansion of CD57 and CD62L-CD45RA+ CD8 T lymphocytes correlates with reduced viral plasma RNA after primary HIV infection.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):891-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297579; Lieberman J; Trimble LA; Friedman RS; Lisziewicz J; Lori F; Shankar P; Jessen H; The Center for Blood Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 02115, USA. lieberman@cbr.med.harvard.edu; OBJECTIVE: CD8 T cells, expressing cell surface molecules distinct from those on resting and naive T cells, are increased in HIV infection. The association of increased CD38 and human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR) CD8 T cells with poor prognosis has suggested that activated CD8 T cells may aggravate HIV infection. We
Similar rate of disease progression among individuals infected with HIV-1 genetic subtypes A-D.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):901-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297580; Alaeus A; Lidman K; Bjorkman A; Giesecke J; Albert J; Division of Infectious Diseases, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska; Institute, Sweden. annette.alaeus@inf.ds.sll.se; OBJECTIVE: HIV-1 is characterized by a high degree of genetic variation and can be divided into at least 10 distinct genetic subtypes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the rate of disease progression shows subtype-specific differences. DESIGN: The investigation was divided into two parts; one study
The implication of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in HIV-1 envelope protein-induced apoptosis is independent of the G protein-mediated signalling.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):909-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297581; Blanco J; Jacotot E; Cabrera C; Cardona A; Clotet B; De Clercq E; Este JA; Institut de Recerca de la SIDA-Caixa, Laboratori de; Retrovirologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol,; Badalona, Catalonia, Spain.; OBJECTIVE: The envelope glycoprotein complex (gp120/gp41)n of HIV-1 is one of the viral products responsible for increased apoptosis in HIV infection. Here the role of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in HIV-1 envelope protein-induced apoptosis was investigated. METHODS: Apoptosis occurring in cocultures of chronically HI
Incorporation of zidovudine into leukocyte DNA from HIV-1-positive adults and pregnant women, and cord blood from infants exposed in utero.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):919-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297582; Olivero OA; Shearer GM; Chougnet CA; Kovacs AA; Landay AL; Baker R; Stek AM; Khoury MM; Proia LA; Kessler HA; Sha BE; Tarone RE; Poirier MC; Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, USA.; OBJECTIVE: The nucleoside analog 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (ZDV) has widespread clinical use but also is carcinogenic in newborn mice exposed to the drug in utero and becomes incorporated into newborn mouse DNA. This pilot study was designed to determine ZDV incorporation into human blood cell DNA from adults and new
Rapid disease progression in HIV-1 perinatally infected children born to mothers receiving zidovudine monotherapy during pregnancy. The Italian register for HIV Infection in Children.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):927-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297583; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the outcome in children perinatally infected with HIV-1 whose mothers received zidovudine (ZDV) monotherapy in pregnancy. DESIGN: Observational retrospective study of a prospectively recruited cohort. SETTING: Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children. PATIENTS: A group of 216 children p
Dynamics of plasma cytokine levels in patients with advanced HIV infection and active tuberculosis: implications for early recognition of patients with poor response to anti-tuberculosis treatment.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):935-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297584; Hsieh SM; Hung CC; Chen MY; Sheng WH; Chang SC; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University; Hospital, Taipei.; OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the serial measurement of plasma cytokine levels can assist in the early recognition of AIDS/tuberculosis patients with poor response to anti-tuberculosis treatment. DESIGN: Longitudinal, prospective cohort study. SETTING: A university hospital, the largest centre for HIV/AIDS patients in
Anaemia is an independent predictive marker for clinical prognosis in HIV-infected patients from across Europe. EuroSIDA study group.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):943-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297585; Mocroft A; Kirk O; Barton SE; Dietrich M; Proenca R; Colebunders R; Pradier C; dArminio Monforte A; Ledergerber B; Lundgren JD; Royal Free Centre for HIV Medicine and Department of Primary Care; and Population Sciences, Royal Free and University College; Medical School, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To describe changes in haemoglobin over time and to determine the joint prognostic value of the current haemoglobin, CD4 lymphocyte count and viral load among patients from across Europe. PATIENTS: The analysis included 6725 patients from EuroSIDA, an observational, prospective cohort of patients with HIV
Determinants of sustainable CD4 lymphocyte count increases in response to antiretroviral therapy.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):951-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297586; Staszewski S; Miller V; Sabin C; Schlecht C; Gute P; Stamm S; Leder T; Berger A; Weidemann E; Hill A; Phillips A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Klinikum der Johann Wofgang; Goethe-Universitat, Medizinische Klinik, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: HIV-induced CD4 lymphocyte depletion is partially reversed by antiretroviral therapy but it is unclear if the degree to which the CD4 count rises depends on viral suppression (if so, the extent of viral suppression required to achieve a maximal CD4 count rise), whether the rise is sustainable and whether it
Nevirapine induced opiate withdrawal among injection drug users with HIV infection receiving methadone.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):957-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297587; Altice FL; Friedland GH; Cooney EL; Yale University AIDS Program, New Haven, Connecticut 06510-2283,; USA.; BACKGROUND: Pharmacokinetic interactions complicate and potentially compromise the use of antiretroviral and other HIV therapeutic agents in patients with HIV disease. This may be particularly so among those receiving treatment for substance abuse. OBJECTIVE: We describe seven cases of opiate withdrawal among patients
Costs of HIV medical care in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297588; Gebo KA; Chaisson RE; Folkemer JG; Bartlett JG; Moore RD; OBJECTIVES: In the USA, Medicaid is the principal payer of the health care costs of patients with HIV infection. We wished to determine how the costs to Medicaid of patients in Maryland infected with HIV have changed in the setting of highly active antiretroviral treatment. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. METHODS:
Gonorrhea incidence and HIV testing and counseling among adolescents and young adults seen at a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):971-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297589; Chamot E; Coughlin SS; Farley TA; Rice JC; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Department of; Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans,; Louisiana, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine whether HIV testing and posttest counseling may be associated with an increase in gonorrhea incidence among adolescents and young adults seen at a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (STD). DESIGN: A historical cohort study with the collection of longitudinal data on the patients HIV test
Prevalence of primary HIV drug resistance among seroconverters during an explosive outbreak of HIV infection among injecting drug users.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):981-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297590; Alexander CS; Dong W; Schechter MT; O'Shaughnessy MV; Strathdee SA; Mo T; Montaner JS; Harrigan PR; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital,; Vancouver, Canada.; OBJECTIVES: This study examined the frequency of transmission of drug resistant HIV in the population of injecting drug users (IDU) in Vancouver, Canada during a period of particularly high virus transmission. DESIGN: All subjects enrolled in the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Stud
Prevalence of unprotected sex among men with AIDS in Los Angeles County, California 1995-1997.: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):987-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297591; Simon PA; Thometz E; Bunch JG; Sorvillo F; Detels R; Kerndt PR; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of unprotected sex among men with AIDS in Los Angeles County. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: All men aged > or = 18 years who were newly reported to the local health department with AIDS and completed a standardized interview between January 1995 and June 1997 were inclu
Reasons for failure of prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):991-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297592; Edge MD; Rimland D
Detection of multiple drug-resistance-associated pol mutations in cervicovaginal secretions from women largely treated with antiretroviral agents [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):992-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297593; Di Stefano M; Fiore JR; Monno L; Lepera A; Pastore G; Angarano G
Dichotomous effects of macrophage-derived chemokine on HIV infection [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):994-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297594; Moriuchi H; Moriuchi M
HIV-negative infants born to HIV-1 but not HIV-2-positive mothers fail to develop a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin scar [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):996-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297595; Ota MO; O'Donovan D; Marchant A; Yamuah L; Harding E; Jaffar S; McAdam KP; Corrah T; Whittle H
Higher antiviral activity of antiretroviral regimens including protease inhibitors [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):998-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297596; de Mendoza C; Soriano V; Rodriguez-Rosado R; Gonzalez-Lahoz J
Anaphylaxis after rechallenge with abacavir [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):999-1000. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297597; Walensky RP; Goldberg JH; Daily JP
Transcriptional regulation of T lymphocyte development and function.: Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:149-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286808; Kuo CT; Leiden JM; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637,; USA.; The development and function of T lymphocytes are regulated tightly by signal transduction pathways that include specific cell-surface receptors, intracellular signaling molecules, and nuclear transcription factors. Since 1988, several families of functionally important T cell transcription factors have been identifie
The multifaceted regulation of interleukin-15 expression and the role of this cytokine in NK cell differentiation and host response to intracellular pathogens.: Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:19-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286804; Waldmann TA; Tagaya Y; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. tawald@helix.nih.gov; Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a 14- to 15-kDa member of the 4 alpha-helix bundle family of cytokines. IL-15 expression is controlled at the levels of transcription, translation, and intracellular trafficking. In particular, IL-15 protein is posttranscriptionally regulated by multiple controlling elements that impede trans
Immunologic basis of antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness.: Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:255-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286811; Wills-Karp M; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins School; of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.; MKARP@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu; The incidence, morbidity, and mortality of asthma has increased worldwide over the last two decades. Asthma is a complex inflammatory disease of the lung characterized by variable airflow obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and airway inflammation. The inflammatory response in the asthmatic lung is characte
Regulation of T cell fate by Notch.: Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:283-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286812; Robey E; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of; California, Berkeley 94720, USA. erobey@uclink4.berkeley.edu; The transmembrane receptor Notch participates in diverse cell fate decisions throughout embryonic development. Notch receptors and their ligands are expressed in the mammalian thymus, raising the possibility that Notch could regulate T cell fate decisions. Expression of a constitutively activated form of Notch in deve
Immunodominance in major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted T lymphocyte responses.: Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:51-88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286805; Yewdell JW; Bennink JR; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892-0440, USA. jyewdell@nih.gov, jbennink@nih.gov; Of the many thousands of peptides encoded by a complex foreign antigen that can potentially be presented to CD8+ T cells (TCD8+), only a small fraction induce measurable responses in association with any given major histocompatibility complex class I allele. To design vaccines that elicit optimal TCD8+ responses, a th
The regulation of CD4 and CD8 coreceptor gene expression during T cell development.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286819; Ellmeier W; Sawada S; Littman DR; Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of; Biomolecular Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.; The two major subsets of T lymphocytes in the peripheral immune system, the helper and cytotoxic T cells, are defined by their expression of either the CD4 or the CD8 glycoproteins, respectively. Expression of these molecules, which serve as coreceptors by interacting specifically with either MHC class II or class I m
Population biology of HIV-1 infection: viral and CD4+ T cell demographics and dynamics in lymphatic tissues.: Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:625-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286822; Haase AT; Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; 55455, USA. ashley@lenti.med.umn.edu; Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is usually transmitted through sexual contact and in the very early stages of infection establishes a persistent infection in lymphatic tissues (LT). Virus is produced and stored at this site in a dynamic process that slowly depletes the immune system of CD4+ T cells, setting the
Chemokine receptors as HIV-1 coreceptors: roles in viral entry, tropism, and disease.: Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:657-700. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286823; Berger EA; Murphy PM; Farber JM; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892, USA. Edward_Berger@nih.gov; In addition to CD4, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) requires a coreceptor for entry into target cells. The chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR5, members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, have been identified as the principal coreceptors for T cell line-tropic and macrophage-tropic HIV-1 isolates, res
Modifications of HIV-1 retrovirus-like particles to enhance safety and immunogenicity.: Biologicals. 1998 Dec;26(4):255-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99331461; Persson RH; Cao SX; Cates G; Yao FL; Klein MH; Rovinski B; Pasteur Merieux Connaught Canada Research Centre.; HIV-1 retrovirus-like particles can be produced in VERO cells that have been transfected with an expression construct encoding HIV-1 structural proteins. The particles are entirely non-infectious although structurally they resemble infectious virus particles. This makes them a promising candidate for use as an HIV-1 v
Virus validation of pH 4-treated human immunoglobulin products produced by the Cohn fractionation process.: Biologicals. 1998 Dec;26(4):267-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99331462; Bos OJ; Sunye DG; Nieuweboer CE; van Engelenburg FA; Schuitemaker H; Over J; Department of Product and Process Development, CLB, Sanquin Blood; Supply Foundation, The Netherlands.; To assess the virus reducing capacity of Cohn s cold ethanol fractionation process for the production of intravenous (IVIg) and intramuscular (IMIg) immunoglobulin products, and treatment of these products at pH 4, a validation study of virus removal and/or inactivation was performed using both lipid-enveloped viruses
Prevention of anomalous band mobility in A + G sequencing ladders of 3'-end-labeled DNA.: Biotechniques. 1999 Jul;27(1):36-8, 42, 46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335997; Starrs S; Davies RJ; Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Developing surveillance for HIV transmission and risk behaviours among high-risk groups in a central London health district.: J Public Health Med. 1999 Jun;21(2):208-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359210; Nardone A; Mercey D; Johnson AM; McCarthy M; Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University College; London Medical School, Mortimer Market Centre.; BACKGROUND: Our aim was to describe surveillance data on HIV transmission and risk behaviours in Camden and Islington, an inner London health district (population 360 000). This information is required to assess the effectiveness of HIV-AIDS prevention. METHODS: We focused on two groups in the local population most se
Aminooxypentane-RANTES, an inhibitor of R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1, increases the interferon gamma to interleukin 10 ratio without impairing cellular proliferation.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):861-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335207; Rusconi S; La Seta-Catamancio S; Kurtagic S; Galazzi M; Arienti D; Trabattoni D; Wilken J; Thompson DA; Offord RE; Galli M; Clerici M; Istituto di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Universita di; Milano, Ospedale Luigi Sacco, Milan, Italy.; rusconi@imiucca.csi.unimi.it; Studies have demonstrated that the beta-chemokines RANTES, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta suppress human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) replication in vitro. Infection with HIV-1 requires expression of CD4 antigen and the chemokine receptor CXCR4 (X4) or CCR5 (R5) on the surface of target cells. The engagement of these re
Expression of CCR5 is increased in human monocyte-derived macrophages and alveolar macrophages in the course of in vivo and in vitro Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):869-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335208; Fraziano M; Cappelli G; Santucci M; Mariani F; Amicosante M; Casarini M; Giosue S; Bisetti A; Colizzi V; Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome,; Italy. fraziano@bio.uniroma2.it; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replicates more efficiently in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-infected macrophages than in uninfected controls. We investigated whether this may be partly explained by changes in expression of CCR5 in the course of mycobacterial infection, as this molecule has been shown to be a co
Characterization of mother-infant HIV type 1 gag p17 sequences associated with perinatal transmission.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):875-88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +; Hahn T; Matala E; Chappey C; Ahmad N; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine,; The University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724,; USA.; The gag p17 matrix sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from seven infected mother-infant pairs were analyzed after perinatal transmission. The p17 matrix open reading frame was maintained in 143 of the 166 clones analyzed (86.2% frequency of intact p17 open reading frames). The functional domains
Assay of plasma samples representing different HIV-1 genetic subtypes: an evaluation of new versions of the amplicor HIV-1 monitor assay.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):889-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335210; Alaeus A; Lilja E; Herman S; Spadoro J; Wang J; Albert J; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska; Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. annette.alaeus@inf.ds.sll.se; Quantification of plasma HIV-1 RNA levels has rapidly become the main tool for monitoring disease progression and treatment. However, some first-generation assays do not accurately quantify all HIV-1 subtypes. This study compares the first-generation and two newer prototype Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor assays (Roche Diagnos
Exclusion of HIV coreceptors CXCR4, CCR5, and CCR3 from the HIV envelope.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):895-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335211; Lallos LB; Laal S; Hoxie JA; Zolla-Pazner S; Bandres JC; Research Center for AIDS and HIV Infection, Manhattan VA Medical; Center, New York University Medical School, New York 10010, USA.; Both HIV-1 primary isolates and laboratory strains incorporate cell-derived molecules into their envelopes depending on the host cell in which they are grown. This incorporation is not random and, specifically, HIV-1 has been shown to select against the incorporation into its surface of CD4, its main receptor. In this
Immunological responses to envelope glycoprotein 120 from subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):899-907. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335212; Gilljam G; Svensson A; Ekstrom A; Wahren B; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Karolinska; Institute, Stockholm.; The outer envelope glycoprotein (gp120) from subtypes A-E of HIV-1 was purified using a specific high mannose-binding lectin, Galanthus nivalis agglutinin. All isolates were grown in peripheral blood lymphocyte cells in order to avoid selection in cell lines. A comparison of the reactivities of the envelope proteins w
Influence of amino acid substitutions on antigenicity of immunodominant regions of the HTLV type I envelope surface gylcoprotein: a study using monoclonal antibodies raised against relevant peptides.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):909-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335213; Londos-Gagliardi D; Jauvin V; Armengaut MH; Astier-Gin T; Goetz M; Huet S; Guillemain BJ; INSERM, U328, Structures et Fonctions des Retrovirus Humains,; Institute Bergonie, France.; By the use of sera of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTVL-I)-infected individuals it was shown that amino acid substitutions at positions 192 (proline to serine) and 250 (serine to proline) in major immunodominant regions (175-199 and 239-261) of the surface envelope glycoprotein (gp46) of the virus may influence
MN and IIIB recombinant glycoprotein 120 vaccine-induced binding antibodies to native envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 primary isolates. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease Aids Vaccine Evaluation Group.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):921-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335214; Gorse GJ; Patel GB; Mandava M; Berman PW; Belshe RB; St. Louis Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Saint; Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri 63110, USA.; gorsegi@slu.edu; The ability of antibody induced by MN and IIIB recombinant gp120 (rgp120) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines to bind to oligomeric native HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins of primary isolates of HIV-1 was measured by flow cytometric indirect immunofluorescence assay (FIFA) in 25 uninfected, healthy adults
Mutations in CCR5-coding sequences are not associated with SIV carrier status in African nonhuman primates.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):931-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF081579; Muller-Trutwin MC; Corbet S; Hansen J; Georges-Courbot MC; Diop O; Rigoulet J; Barre-Sinoussi F; Fomsgaard A; Unite de Biologie des Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.; African monkeys can be naturally infected with SIV but do not progress to AIDS. Since mutations in the human CCR5 gene have been shown to influence susceptibility to HIV infection and disease progression, we have now investigated whether mutations in CCR5-coding sequences in African nonhuman primates can explain speci
Subtypes of HIV type 1 circulating in India: partial envelope sequences.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):941-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF101126; Maitra A; Singh B; Banu S; Deshpande A; Robbins K; Kalish ML; Broor S; Seth P; Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical; Sciences, New Delhi.
Two alleles for rhesus macaque GPR15 (BOB).: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 1;15(10):945-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335217; Pretet JL; Brussel A; Guillet JG; Butor C; Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Pathologies Infectieuses et; Tumorales, INSERM U445, Institut Cochin de Genetique; Moleculaire, Universite Rene Descartes, Paris, France.
"Lifepoint": a case study in using social science community identification data to guide the implementation of a needle exchange program.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Jun;11(3):187-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335768; Somlai AM; Kelly JA; Otto-Salaj L; Nelson D; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College; of Wisconsin 53226, USA.; The public health benefits of needle exchange programs (NEPs) are well known. NEPs lower risk factors for HIV transmission by providing injection drug users (IDUs) with clean syringes and needles; harm reduction materials; and referrals to drug, sexually transmitted disease, mental health, and medical treatment facili
An evaluation of the use of drama to communicate HIV/AIDS information.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Jun;11(3):203-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335769; Valente TW; Bharath U; Department of Population and Family Health Sciences, School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,; MD 21205, USA. tvalente@jhsph.edu; This study evaluated the effectiveness of three dramas created to disseminate HIV/AIDS information. Predrama and postdrama interviews were conducted with a cohort of randomly selected audience members from ten separate performances in Tamil Nadu state, India (N = 93); an interview w
Assisting persons living with HIV/AIDS to return to work: programmatic steps for AIDS service organizations.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Jun;11(3):212-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335770; Brooks RA; Klosinski LE; AIDS Project Los Angeles, CA 90028, USA.; The objective of this study was to develop a comprehensive picture of the concerns and needs of persons living with HIV/AIDS who are interested in returning to work. To collect information in this new area, a series of focus groups was conducted with a random sample of clients from AIDS Project Los Angeles who were cu
The importance of AIDS-related knowledge for mid-life and older women.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Jun;11(3):224-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335771; Yates ME; Stellato RK; Johannes CB; Avis NE; New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA 02476, USA.; Although the AIDS epidemic has had a major impact on the lives of women throughout the world, there is little knowledge regarding risk factors, transmission factors, prevention methods, and results of prevention efforts for older women, even though almost 10% of all AIDS cases in the Unite
Amphetamine use and its correlates among youths living with HIV.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Jun;11(3):232-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335772; Rotheram-Borus MJ; Mann T; Chabon B; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles,; USA.; Amphetamine use and its correlates are examined among youths living with HIV (YLH) to determine whether its use is associated with increased transmission acts and poor health. Amphetamine use, other HIV-related risk acts, T-cell counts, emotional distress, coping style, and symptoms of HIV are examined in 337 YLH. One
This is my story: a descriptive analysis of a peer education HIV/STD risk reduction program for women living in housing developments.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Jun;11(3):243-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335773; Downing M; Knight KR; Vernon KA; Seigel S; Ajaniku I; Acosta PS; Thomas L; Porter S; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences,; University of California-San Francisco 94105, USA.; Descriptive, qualitative data was collected from 30 women who participated in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded Perinatal HIV Reduction and Education Demonstration Activities (PHREDA) Project. Women were primarily heterosexual, welfare-dependent, African-American mothers. Staff trained women to con
Coping among HIV negative and HIV positive female injection drug users.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Jun;11(3):262-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335774; Brook DW; Brook JS; Whiteman M; Roberto J; Masci JR; Amundsen F; de Catalogne J; Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai; School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.; The study examined the psychosocial determinants of coping ability in a cohort of 249 HIV positive and HIV negative female injection drug users (IDUs), using a cross-sectional retrospective design. Information collected using a structured questionnaire included data on psychosocial risk and protective factors in the p
Relationship between ambulatory care accessibility and hospitalization for persons with advanced HIV disease.: J Health Care Poor Underserved. 1999 Aug;10(3):313-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99365783; Laine C; Markson LE; Fanning TR; Turner BJ; Thomas Jefferson University, USA.; Specific features of ambulatory care, such as accessibility, may influence hospital use for patients with HIV infection. To identify clinic features associated with a lower risk of hospitalization, 6,280 New York state Medicaid enrollees diagnosed with AIDS in 1987-1992 and managed by one of 157 surveyed clinics were
Balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines in thyroid autoantibody synthesis in vitro.: Autoimmunity. 1999;30(1):1-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360471; Guo J; Rapoport B; McLachlan SM; Cedars-Sinai Research Institute and the University of California,; Los Angeles School of Medicine, 90048-1869, USA.; Thyroid-infiltrating lymphocytes spontaneously synthesize IgG class thyroid autoantibodies while blood lymphocytes require activation to produce the same autoantibodies. Surprisingly, the stimulus commonly used to induce autoantibodies by blood lymphocytes, Pokeweed mitogen (PWM), inhibits autoantibody synthesis by th
Cytokines and bullous pemphigoid.: Eur Cytokine Netw. 1999 Jun;10(2):123-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99328718; D'Auria L; Fei PC; Ameglio F; Istituto S.-Gallicano, Via S. Gallicano 25/A, 00153 Roma, Italy.; This report reviews the data presented in the literature concerning the presence and levels of different cytokines in sera, lesional tissue or blister fluids of patients with bullous pemphigoid. The list of cytokines analysed includes 21 molecules: interleukins (IL)-1 => 8, IL-10 => 13, IL-15, granulocyte-monocyte-col
Infection of mice with Mycobacterium bovis-BCG induces both Th1 and Th2 immune responses in the absence of interferon-gamma signalling.: Eur Cytokine Netw. 1999 Jun;10(2):147-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99328721; Erb KJ; Kirman J; Delahunt B; Moll H; Le Gros G; Zentrum fur Infektionsforschung, Universitat Wurzburg,; Rontgenring 11, 97070 Wurzburg, Germany.; zinf036@rzroe.uni-wuerzburg.de; A murine pulmonary infection model using Mycobacterium bovis-BCG was used to study the development of Th1 and Th2 type responses in mice lacking a functional IFN-gamma receptor (IFN-gamma R-/-). Strikingly, the IFN-gamma R-/- mice maintained the Th1 response and developed a profound M. bovis-BCG, specific Th2 type imm
Systemic delivery of an adenovirus expressing EBV-derived vIL-10 in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni or Leishmania amazonensis: controversial effects on the development of pathological parameters.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99328723; Verwaerde C; Thiam K; Delanoye A; Fernandez-Gomez R; D'Halluin J; Auriault C; URA CNRS 1854, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1, rue du Pr-Calmette,; PO Box 447, 59021 Lille, France.; Claudie.Verwaerde@pasteur-lille.fr; Within the context of microorganism/host interactions, those which last over weeks are expected to be sensitive to more or less sustained and targeted immuno-intervention, such as delivery of cytokines known to operate as down-regulators of acute inflammatory processes. IL-10 has received growing attention as a potent
The frequency of Th2 type cells increases with time on peritoneal dialysis in patients with diabetic nephropathy.: Eur Cytokine Netw. 1999 Jun;10(2):219-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99328729; Zamauskaite A; Yaqoob MM; Madrigal JA; Cohen SB; The Anthony Nolan Bone Marrow Trust, The Royal Free Hospital,; Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, United Kingdom.; We have analysed the frequency of cytokine-producing T cells in different dialysis groups (haemodialysis; HD and peritoneal dialysis; PD) over time. Although we saw no difference in type 1 cytokine production ( IL-2 and IFN-gamma) in either dialysis group, there was a c
Hepatitis C virus-associated glomerular disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus coinfection.: J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999 Jul;10(7):1566-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99332124; Cheng JT; Anderson HL Jr; Markowitz GS; Appel GB; Pogue VA; D'Agati VD; Department of Medicine at Harlem Hospital Center, New York, New; York 10037, USA. jc31@columbia.edu; Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been linked to the development of glomerular disease. HCV infection is highly prevalent among intravenous drug users, a population that is also at risk for HIV coinfection. This study reports the clinical-pathologic features and outcome of HCV-associated glomerular di
A review of current literature on epidemiology of immediate glove irritation and latex allergy.: Occup Med (Lond). 1999 Jan;49(1):3-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380880; Kujala V; Department of Public Health Science and General Practice,; University of Oulu, Finland. veikko.kujala@oulu.fi; Natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy has attained world-wide importance with the diagnosis of glove hypersensitivity, contact urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma and anaphylaxis. In the present report, the latest literature of the epidemiology of NRL allergy is reviewed, an account on the incidence of NRL allerg
Needlestick injury in clothing industry workers and the risks of blood-borne infection.: Occup Med (Lond). 1999 Jan;49(1):47-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380886; Ind JE; Jeffries DJ; St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.; This paper identifies the hazard of a hollow needle device used extensively in the clothing industry and assesses the risk of transmission for HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. A substantial risk of transmission is suggested and measures have been advised for its control. Occupational Health Physicians are advised to
Antiinfectives update: focus on treatment and prevention of viral and associated infections.: Ann Pharmacother. 1999 May;33(5):607-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296317; McNicholl IR; Palmer SM; Ziska DS; Cleary JD; Division of Pharmacy Practice, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, MO,; USA.; OBJECTIVE: To review the clinically significant antiinfectives approved by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) since 1996, with an emphasis on agents used for treatment, prevention, or suppression of infection in immunocompromised individuals. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search coverin
Antiretroviral therapy increases serum concentrations of amiodarone [letter]: Ann Pharmacother. 1999 May;33(5):645-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296324; Lohman JJ; Reichert LJ; Degen LP
[Transmission of infectious diseases during imprisonment--results of a study and introduction of a model project for infection prevention in Lower Saxony]: Gesundheitswesen. 1999 Apr;61(4):207-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99336492; Keppler K; Stover H; Carl von Ossietzky-Universitat, Oldenburg.; The increasing imprisonment rate of drug users is linked to a spread of infectious diseases in prisons (HIV and Hepatitis B and C). Several studies indicate a close correlation of imprisonment and transmission of infectious diseases. An analysis of international studies showed that worldwide in several cases transmiss
[Experimental autoimmune uveitis. Characterization of retina infiltrating cells]: Ophthalmologe. 1999 Apr;96(4):252-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99338008; Zierhut M; Wild U; Roser R; Wiggert B; Thiel HJ; Stiemer R; Abteilung I, Augenklinik der Universitat, Tubingen.; The chronic model of murine EAU induced by interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein represents a disease similar to clinical chorioretinitis. In this study we characterized the kinetics of retina infiltrating T-cells, macrophages and expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and ICAM-2. METHODS: B10.A mice were i
[Acute hypopyon uveitis with rifabutin therapy of systemic Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in AIDS]: Ophthalmologe. 1999 Apr;96(4):267-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99338011; Schaller UC; Michl G; Goebel FD; Klauss V; Augenklinik, Universitat Munchen.; BACKGROUND: Hypopyon-uveitis has been identified as a dosage-dependent side effect in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who are treated for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection with systemic rifabutin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We report a 38-year-old female AIDS patient with bilateral hypopyon uveit
Topical CTLA4-Ig suppresses ongoing mucosal immune response in presensitized murine model of allergic rhinitis.: Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1999 Jul;119(3):197-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99367829; Sato J; Asakura K; Murakami M; Uede T; Kataura A; Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University, School; of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; Allergic rhinitis is thought to be mediated by CD4+ T cells producing Th2-associated cytokines. Optimal Ag-specific T-cell activation requires the engagement of T-cell receptor with antigen (Ag) in the context of MHC, and the engagement of appropriate costimulatory molecules. One of the most well-characterized costimu
Microbiology confirmatory tests for blood donors.: Blood Rev. 1999 Jun;13(2):91-104. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341911; Dow BC; Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service Microbiology; Reference Unit, Glasgow, UK.; Blood donations collected in Scotland are currently screened for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HIV 1 + 2, anti-HCV and syphilis antibodies. Approximately 1% of all donations are found to repeatedly react to one of these four markers on screening but very few represent true infection. These samples must be sent to the de
DNA vaccines for viral diseases.: Braz J Med Biol Res. 1999 Feb;32(2):215-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99277105; Donnelly JJ; Ulmer JB; Department of Virus and Cell Biology, Merck Research; Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA. john_donnelly@cc.chiron.com; DNA plasmids encoding foreign proteins may be used as immunogens by direct intramuscular injection alone, or with various adjuvants and excipients, or by delivery of DNA-coated gold particles to the epidermis through biolistic immunization. Antibody, helper T lymphocyte, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses have
Management of HIV serodiscordant couples. The clinician point of view.: Contracept Fertil Sex. 1999 Jun;27(6):399-404. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360113; Coll O; Vidal R; Martinez de Tejada B; Ballesca JL; Azulay M; Vanrell JA; Institut de Ginecologia Obstetricia i Neonatologia, Hospital; Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.; BACKGROUND: Couples where the male partner is HIV-infected but the female partner is not often express a desire for children. Assisted reproduction techniques (ART) with sperm wash can reduce the risk of acquisition of infection for the woman. The information about the characteristics of such couples coming to these
Peanut allergy: a major public health issue.: Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1999 Feb;10(1):14-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99336693; Warner JO; University of Southampton/Southampton General Hospital,; Hampshire, UK.
AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the era of adjunctive steroids: implication of BAL neutrophilia.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Aug;160(2):493-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359688; Azoulay E; Parrot A; Flahault A; Cesari D; Lecomte I; Roux P; Saidi F; Fartoukh M; Bernaudin JF; Cadranel J; Mayaud C; Service de Pneumologie et Reanimation Respiratoire, Unite de; Biostatistique, INSERM U444, France. Hopital Tenon, Paris,; France. eli.azoulay@sls.ap-hop-paris.fr; Factors predictive of mortality in patients with AIDS and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) were identified before the introduction of adjunctive steroids, but they have not been reevaluated since. Because PCP still occurs in AIDS, remaining fatal in some cases, we conducted a multivariate analysis of factors predi
Outcome of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in France: a nationwide case-control study.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Aug;160(2):587-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359702; Flament-Saillour M; Robert J; Jarlier V; Grosset J; National Reference Center for Surveillance of Mycobacterial; Infections and Their Drug Resistance, Service de; Bacteriologie-Hygiene, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere,; Paris, France.; The factors related to the outcome of 51 cases of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) reported in 1994 to the French National Reference Center were retrospectively analyzed. The patients (median age, 45 yr) were mainly male (75%), foreign-born (63%), and had pulmonary involvement (95%). Sixteen percent were hum
CD8+ve cells in the lungs of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Aug;160(2):711-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359719; Saetta M; Baraldo S; Corbino L; Turato G; Braccioni F; Rea F; Cavallesco G; Tropeano G; Mapp CE; Maestrelli P; Ciaccia A; Fabbri LM; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Department of Thoracic; Surgery, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.; Previous studies have shown an increased number of inflammatory cells and, in particular, CD8+ve cells in the airways of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study we investigated whether a similar inflammatory process is also present in the lungs, and particularly in lung parenchyma and
[Pneumonia due to varicella zoster virus in adults: a review of 13 cases]: Arch Bronconeumol. 1999 Jul-Aug;35(7):357-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99367989; De la Cruz Moron I; Alfageme Michavila I; Munoz Lucena F; Ramos P; Rojas JL; Garcia Polo C; Seccion de Neumologia, Hospital Universitario de Valme,; Sevilla.; Pneumonia due to varicella-zoster virus is a complication of chickenpox that appears almost solely in adults. The clinical picture ranges from varieties with few symptoms to those with severe respiratory insufficiency. This retrospective study of adult varicella pneumonia cases treated at our hospital over a seven-yea
Ethical considerations in a grounded theory study on the dynamics of hope in HIV-positive adults and their significant others.: Nurs Ethics. 1999 May;6(3):224-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384570; Kylma J; Vehvilainen-Julkunen K; Lahdevirta J; Department of Nursing Science, University of Kuopio, Finland.; The purpose of this article is to describe and reflect ethical challenges in a grounded theory study on the dynamics of hope in HIV-positive adults and their significant others. It concentrates on the justification of a research problem, sensitive research and the relationship between the researcher and the participan
[Hepatitis associated with HIV]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(24 Pt 2):117-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217210; Nishiyama Y; Miura S; Kugai N; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Natinal Defense Medical; College.
[Pulmonary tuberculosis]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(24 Pt 2):188-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217229; Amitani R; Department of Infection and Inflammation, Graduate School of; Medicine, Kyoto University.
[Esophageal candidiasis]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(24 Pt 2):342-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217276; Ueda Y; Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University; Rakusai Newtown Hospital.
[Hepatic cryptococcosis]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(24 Pt 2):361-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217281; Kashiwagi S; Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu; University Hospital.
[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(24 Pt 2):409-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217298; Ajisawa A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome; Hospital.
[HTLV-I-associated myelopathy]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(24 Pt 2):41-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217188; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University.
CD4-positive and CD8-positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes contribute to human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 responses.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 Jul;6(4):494-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99322322; Nakagawa M; Stites DP; Palefsky JM; Kneass Z; Moscicki AB; Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Schools of Medicine and; Dentistry, University of California at San Francisco, San; Francisco, California 94143, USA. mayumi@pangloss.ucsf.edu; Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses to E6 and E7 were previously shown to be more commonly detectable in human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16)-positive women without squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (SIL) than in HPV-16-positive women with SIL (M. Nakagawa, D. P. Stites, S. Farhat, J. R. Sisler, B. Moss, F. Kong,
Cell surface display of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 on Escherichia coli by using ice nucleation protein.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 Jul;6(4):499-503. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99322323; Kwak YD; Yoo SK; Kim EJ; Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and; Bioproduct Research Center, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong,; Sudaemun-Ku, Seoul 120-749, Korea.; A new system designed for cell surface display of recombinant proteins on Escherichia coli has been evaluated for expression of eukaryotic viral proteins. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 was fused to the C terminus of ice nucleation protein (INP), an outer membrane protein of Pseudomonas syringae. We
A simple saliva-based test for detecting antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 Jul;6(4):577-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99322339; Schramm W; Angulo GB; Torres PC; Burgess-Cassler A; Saliva Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Vancouver, Washington 98682,; USA.; This study was performed to determine the feasibility of using saliva as a diagnostic medium for the detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 under nonlaboratory conditions and to evaluate the performance characteristics of such a test. We developed for this purpose a self-conta
Heterophile antibodies to bovine and caprine proteins causing false-positive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 Jul;6(4):615-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99322346; Willman JH; Martins TB; Jaskowski TD; Hill HR; Litwin CM; Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology,; University of Utah, ARUP Laboratories and the ARUP Institute for; Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132,; USA.; Heterophile antibodies are a well-recognized cause of erroneous results in immunoassays. We describe here a 22-month-old child with heterophile antibodies reactive with bovine serum albumin and caprine proteins causing false-positive results to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other infectious serology testing.
The quantitative and qualitative defect of CD4+ CD45RO+ memory-type T cells are involved in the abnormality of TH1 immunity in atopic dermatitis patients.: Clin Exp Allergy. 1999 May;29(5):687-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99248036; Matsuyama T; Urano K; Ohkido M; Ozawa H; Ohta A; Kaneko S; Yahata T; Takita C; Nishimura T; Department of Dermatology,Section of Genetic Engineering,; Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Cell Transplantation,; Bohseidai, Isehara, Japan.; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients produced low levels of IFN-gamma in response to Dermatophagoides farinae antigen (Der f Ag) plus IL-2 or OKT3 MoAb in contrast with PBMCs obtained from healthy donors. The reduced
Regression of orthotopic brain tumors by cytokine-assisted tumor vaccines primed in the brain.: Cancer Gene Ther. 1999 Jul-Aug;6(4):302-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99345416; Tseng SH; Hsieh CL; Lin SM; Hwang LH; Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei, Republic of China.; This study investigated the therapeutic effects of a rat glioma cell line, C6, that was engineered to secrete mouse GM-CSF (mGM-CSF) on intracerebral (i.c.) brain tumors. Significant antitumor immunity was induced in rats when the live or irradiated mGM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine was implanted i.c. The antitumor acti
The Rev protein is able to transport to the cytoplasm small nucleolar RNAs containing a Rev binding element.: RNA. 1999 Aug;5(8):993-1002. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99373046; Buonomo SB; Michienzi A; De Angelis FG; Bozzoni I; Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Dipartimento di; Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Universita di Roma La Sapienza,; Italy.; Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) were utilized to express Rev-binding sequences inside the nucleolus and to test whether they are substrates for Rev binding and transport. We show that U16 snoRNA containing the minimal binding site for Rev stably accumulates inside the nucleolus maintaining the interaction with the basi
Post-exposure prophylaxis: a new form of prevention? [editorial]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):261-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285291; Laurence J
Disclosure of HIV status.: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):265-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285292; Stein MD; Samet JH; Department of Medicine, Brown University School of Medicine,; Providence, Rhode Island, USA.; A significant proportion of HIV-infected persons choose not to disclose their status to sexual partners. Healthcare providers may play a role in motivating patients to disclose despite powerful forces working in favor of secrecy.
Will the immune system ever recover?: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):269-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285293; Autran B; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire, Centre Hospitalier; Universitaire Pitie Salpetriere, Paris, France.; brigitte.autran@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr
Ethical issues in AIDS vaccine development.: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):273-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285294; Bloom BR; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
An effective AIDS prevention program and why it is not enough.: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):281-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285295; Mahidol C; Chulabhorn Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand.
Unusual distributions of body fat in AIDS patients: a review of adverse events reported to the Food and Drug Administration.: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):287-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285296; Mann M; Piazza-Hepp T; Koller E; Struble K; Murray J; Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug; Administration, Rockville, MD, USA. mannm@eder.fda.gov; This report summarizes postmarketing adverse events reported to the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) that describe unusual or abnormal fat distribution in association with anti-retroviral therapies. Reports associated will protease in
Boosting social support in caregivers of children with HIV/AIDS.: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):297-302. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285297; Hansell PS; Hughes CB; Caliandro G; Russo P; Budin WC; Hartman B; Hernandez OC; College of Nursing, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New; Jersey, USA. hanselph@shu.edu; Providing care for a child that is infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is challenging for the child s caregiver and affects the entire family system. Research has demonstrated that social support has the potential to buffer caregiver stress and facilitate caregiver coping. A two-group experimental study w
HIV/AIDS case histories: diagnostic problems. Myelodysplasia in AIDS.: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):303-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285298; Godwin JH; Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill; Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA.; jgodwin%profsvcs@nyh.med.cornell.edu
Aldesleukin shows promise [news]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):307. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285301
Twice daily saquinavir [news]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285300
Updated data on amprenavir [news]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):307. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285299
Stopping HAART [news]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):307-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285302
New nucleoside analog [news]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):308. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285303
Gel approved for KS [news]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):309. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285304
First AIDS vaccine trial begins in Africa [news]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):309-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285305
Clinical trial web site updated [news]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):310. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285306
CDC recommends procedures to reduce spread of TB from HIV-infected prisoners to the community [news]: Aids Patient Care STDS. 1999 May;13(5):312-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285309
Measurement of circulating T cell subsets positive for Fas antigen (CD95) in patients with alcoholic hepatitis.: Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 1999 Jun;34(3):161-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352910; Ishimaru H; Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School; of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.; T cell subsets positive for Fas antigen in peripheral blood of patients with alcoholic hepatitis were measured, using monoclonal antibodies in two colour immunofluorescence assay with flowcytometry. 1) In the patients with alcoholic hepatitis, the ratio of mean +/- standard deviation (M +/- SD) of CD4+ cells positive
Ups and downs on the road to an HIV vaccine [news]: Mol Med Today. 1999 Apr;5(4):141-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99221901; Senior K
New drug makes host cell machinery unavailable to HIV [news]: Mol Med Today. 1999 Jun;5(6):234-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296752; Senior K
Clues to common weight disorders from rare lipodystrophies? [news]: Mol Med Today. 1999 Aug;5(8):328. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362830; Dorrell S
CD40 upregulation is independent of HHV-8 in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma.: Mol Pathol. 1999 Feb;52(1):32-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99368710; Kennedy MM; Biddolph S; Lucas SB; Howells DD; Picton S; McGee JO; O'Leary JJ; Nuffield Department of Pathology and Bacteriology, University of; Oxford, UK.; AIMS: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is now acknowledged as the infective cofactor in the pathogenesis of Kaposi s sarcoma. The mode by which HHV-8 causes Kaposi s sarcoma is unresolved and it is probable that it acts in conjunction with other factors including cytokines, anti-apoptosis proteins, and cell surface recepto
Enhancing the response to interferon-alpha.: J Clin Virol. 1999 Jun;13(1-2):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99334358; Begemann F; Jablonowski H; I. Medical Department, St. Georg General Hospital, Hamburg,; Germany.; BACKGROUND: Though initially recognized as antiviral agents, it was soon demonstrated that certain neoplasms were particularly sensitive to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). Indeed, the initial success of systemic IFN-alpha treatment in AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) occurred before identification of the human
Rapid, phenotypic HIV-1 drug sensitivity assay for protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors.: J Clin Virol. 1999 Jun;13(1-2):71-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99334366; Walter H; Schmidt B; Korn K; Vandamme AM; Harrer T; Uberla K; Institut fur Klinische und Molekulare Virologie, Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany.; BACKGROUND: Development of drug resistance is one of the major reasons for the failure of antiretroviral therapy of HIV-1 infection. Knowing the drug sensitivity-resistance profile of viruses present in a patient prior to treatment or change in treatment could help to optimize therapy. OBJECTIVE: Development of a rapi
Perspectives for the treatment of hepatitis B virus infections.: Int J Antimicrob Agents. 1999 Jul;12(2):81-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99345093; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium. erik.declercq@rega.kuleuven.ac.be; Primarily resulting as a spin-off of the search for effective anti-HSV or anti-HIV agents, several compounds have been identified as effective and promising candidate anti-HBV drugs, i.e. famciclovir (penciclovir), BMS-200475, lamivudine ( 3TC ), (-)FTC
HIV and infant feeding: a policy statement developed collaboratively by UNAIDS, WHO and UNICEF, 1997.: Breastfeed Rev. 1999 Jul;7(2):14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99383082
HIV and infant feeding: to breastfeed or not to breastfeed: the dilemma of competing risks. Part 1.: Breastfeed Rev. 1999 Jul;7(2):5-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99383081; Morrison P; mhc@harare.iafrica.com; The discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in breastmilk in 1985, and subsequent research, supports the hypothesis that breastfeeding provides a route of transmission to the nursing baby. Various routes of infection and relative rates of transmission have been studied in many parts of the world, leading t
PGE2 induces its own secretion in vitro by bovine 270-day placenta but not by 200-day placenta.: Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 1999 Jun;57(4):189-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99328664; Weems YS; Lammoglia MA; Lewis AW; Randel RD; Sasser RG; Morita I; Weems CW; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu; 96822, USA. weems@hawaii.edu; Two separate experiments were conducted to determine whether prostaglandin (PG) E2 stimulates the secretion of progesterone by 270- or 200-day Brahman placentas in vitro. Secretion of progesterone, PGF2alpha, pregnancy specific protein B, or estradiol-17beta by 270-day Brahman placentas was not affected (p > or = 0.05
Delayed-type hypersensitivity, in vitro T-cell responsiveness and risk of active coccidioidomycosis among HIV-infected patients living in the coccidioidal endemic area.: Med Mycol. 1999 Aug;37(4):245-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352454; Ampel NM; Medical and Research Services of the Tucson Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, Department of Medicine of the University of; Arizona College of Medicine 85723, USA. nampel@u.arizona.edu; The prognostic importance of specific and general tests of immune function were examined among a cohort of 170 subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV), living in an area endemic for the fungal infection coccidioidomycosis . Using the proportio
A mechanism of AZT resistance: an increase in nucleotide-dependent primer unblocking by mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: Mol Cell. 1999 Jul;4(1):35-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99374051; Meyer PR; Matsuura SE; Mian AM; So AG; Scott WA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of; Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101, USA.; Mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) give rise to 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) resistance by a mechanism that has not been previously reproduced in vitro. We show that mutant RT has increased ability to remove AZTMP from blocked primers t
Atherogenic dyslipidemia in HIV-infected individuals treated with protease inhibitors. The Swiss HIV Cohort Study.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380066; Periard D; Telenti A; Sudre P; Cheseaux JJ; Halfon P; Reymond MJ; Marcovina SM; Glauser MP; Nicod P; Darioli R; Mooser V; BACKGROUND: Administration of protease inhibitors (PIs) to HIV-infected individuals has been associated with hyperlipidemia. In this study, we characterized the lipoprotein profile in subjects receiving
AIDS: translating research and practice into policy.: Clin Excell Nurse Pract. 1998 Jul;2(4):239-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384480; Pulcini J; Nokes K; Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, New York, NY 10010, USA.
Lurkers in the water supply: using the Net to protect HIV-positive persons from cryptosporidiosis.: Clin Excell Nurse Pract. 1998 Jul;2(4):248-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384482; Bennett SD; Regional Advisory Council of National Library of Medicine, USA.
What is atopy? Condition, disease or a syndrome?: Curr Probl Dermatol. 1999;28:1-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99302274; Wuthrich B; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich,; Switzerland. wuethric@derm.unizh.ch
Atopic and non-atopic asthma.: Curr Probl Dermatol. 1999;28:129-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99302290; Frew AJ; Southampton General Hospital, UK. jdl@soton.ac.uk
Perspectives of atopic eczema in the third millennium.: Curr Probl Dermatol. 1999;28:194-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99302295; Ring J; Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical; University Munich, Germany.
Atopic and vernal keratoconjunctivitis: a model for studying atopic disease.: Curr Probl Dermatol. 1999;28:88-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99302285; Bonini S; Lambiase A; Matricardi P; Rasi G; D'Amato M; Bonini S; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Italian National Research; Council, Rome, Italy. se.bonini-CNR@flashnet.it
Sero-prevalence of HIV antibodies in tuberculosis patients in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.: East Afr Med J. 1999 Mar;76(3):127-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370698; Onipede AO; Idigbe O; Ako-Nai AK; Omojola O; Oyelese AO; Aboderin AO; Akinosho; Komolafe AO; Wemambu SN; Department of Medical Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University; Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.; BACKGROUND: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is of major public health concern worldwide more so in sub-Saharan Africa where there is an upsurge in the incidence of the disease. Reports from developed countries have shown that a close link exists between the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and pulmonar
Carotenoid status of pregnant women with and without HIV infection in Malawi.: East Afr Med J. 1999 Mar;76(3):133-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370699; Lan Y; Kumwenda N; Taha TE; Chiphangwi JD; Miotti PG; Mtimavalye L; Broadhead R; van der Hoeven L; Hoover DR; Semba RD; Deparment of Opthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins; University Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To characterise the major plasma carotenoids in pregnant women with and without HIV infection attending antenatal clinic in Blantyre, Malawi . DESIGN: A cross sectional study. SETTING: Antenatal clinic of Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. SUBJECTS: Nine
Prevalence of transfusion-associated viral infections and syphilis among blood donors in Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.: East Afr Med J. 1999 Mar;76(3):167-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370707; Matee MI; Lyamuya EF; Mbena EC; Magessa PM; Sufi J; Marwa GJ; Mwasulama OJ; Mbwana J; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine,; Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam,; Tanzania.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of the main transfusion-associated viral infections and syphilis among blood donors in Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es salaam, Tanzania . DESIGN: Cross sectional study. SETTING: The blood bank unit of Muhimbili Medical Centre in Dar es s
HIV-associated lymphoma: report of three cases.: East Afr Med J. 1999 Mar;76(3):176-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370709; Mwangi JW; Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of; Health Sciences, University of Nairobi.; Persons with congenital or acquired immunosuppression have long been known to have an increased incidence of lymphoproliferative disorders. Unsurprisingly, therefore, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is associated with an increased incidence of lymphoma.
A novel RNA polymerase II-containing complex potentiates Tat-enhanced HIV-1 transcription.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99321756; Parada CA; Roeder RG; The HIV-1-encoded Tat protein controls transcription elongation by increasing processivity of RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Here, we have identified a Tat stimulatory activity (Tat-SF) as a novel RNA Pol II-containing complex. Remarkably, Tat-SF contains the previously identified Tat cofactors Tat-SF1, P-TEFb and hSPT5/
Assaying RNA chaperone activity in vivo using a novel RNA folding trap.: EMBO J. 1999 Jul 1;18(13):3776-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99321764; Clodi E; Semrad K; Schroeder R; Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Vienna Biocenter, Dr; Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.; In the absence of proteins, RNAs often misfold in vitro due to alternative base pairings which result from the molecule being trapped in inactive conformations. We identify an in vivo folding trap in the T4 phage td gene, caused by nine base pairs between a sequence element in the upstream exon of the td gene and anot
hnRNP A/B proteins are required for inhibition of HIV-1 pre-mRNA splicing.: EMBO J. 1999 Jul 15;18(14):4060-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335477; Caputi M; Mayeda A; Krainer AR; Zahler AM; Department of Biology and Center for Molecular Biology of RNA,; Sinsheimer Laboratories, University of California Santa Cruz,; Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.; Splicing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pre-mRNA must be inefficient to provide a pool of unspliced messages which encode viral proteins and serve as genomes for new virions. Negative cis-regulatory elements (exonic splicing silencers or ESSs) are necessary for HIV-1 splicing inhibition. We demonst
Comparison of three different commercial methods for measuring plasma viraemia in patients infected with non-B HIV-1 subtypes.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99311739; Holguin A; de Mendoza C; Soriano V; Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Instituto de; Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; In order to determine whether commercial assays presently in use for the quantification of plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels detect different genetic viral subtypes with the same reliability, a panel of 38 samples corresponding to 22 HIV-1-infected patients, representing non-B subtypes A-F,
Genotypic resistance to zidovudine as a predictor of failure of subsequent therapy with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;18(4):274-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99311742; Venturi G; Romano L; Catucci M; Riccio ML; De Milito A; Gonnelli A; Rubino M; Valensin PE; Zazzi M; Dipartimento di Biologia Molecolare, Universita di Siena, Italy.; To define factors predictive of failure to respond to nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-infected subjects pretreated with zidovudine (ZDV), three groups of subjects shifted to double therapy with ZDV plus didanosine (ddI, n = 13), zalcitabine (
Etiology, clinical features and outcome of splenic microabscesses in HIV-infected patients with prolonged fever.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 May;18(5):324-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347387; Bernabeu-Wittel M; Villanueva JL; Pachon J; Alarcon A; Lopez-Cortes LF; Viciana P; Cadaval F; Talegon A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Virgen; del Rocio, Seville, Spain.; A prospective study was conducted to determine the etiology, clinical features, and outcome in a series of 32 consecutively enrolled HIV-infected patients with prolonged fever in whom high resolution (7.5 Mhz) sonography revealed multiple splenic microabscesses. Conventional (3.5 Mhz) sonography showed no splenic abno
Invasive group B streptococcal disease in nonpregnant adults.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 May;18(5):362-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347394; Perovic O; Crewe-Brown HH; Khoosal M; Karstaedt AS; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital and University of the; Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Forty episodes of invasive group B streptococcal infections in nonpregnant adults at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto, South Africa , were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 45.6 years. Twenty (50%) patients were bacteraemic. Common predisposing condi
Multiple drug resistance genotype causing failure of antiretroviral treatment in an HIV-infected patient heavily exposed to nucleoside analogues.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 May;18(5):372-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347397; Villalba N; Gomez-Cano M; Holguin A; Soriano V; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Instituto; de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; A 37-year-old homosexual man began antiretroviral combination therapy with didanosine (ddI), lamivudine ( 3TC ) and indinavir (IDV) aft
Acute renal failure caused by indinavir in a patient with a single functioning kidney.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 May;18(5):386-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347401; Rodriguez-Hernandez MJ; Viciana P; Cordero E; de Alarcon A; Herrero M; Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Virgen del; Rocio, Seville, Spain.
CCR5 genotype and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in perinatally exposed infants.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 May;18(5):389-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347403; Villalba N; Perez-Olmeda M; de Jose M; Hernandez M; Sirera R; Espanol T; Gonzalez-Molina A; Soriano V; Service of Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III,; Madrid, Spain.
Serum IgG antibodies to human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) do not predict the progression of HIV disease to AIDS. Italian Seroconversion Study group.: Eur J Epidemiol. 1999 Apr;15(4):317-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341321; Dorrucci M; Rezza G; Andreoni M; Pezzotti P; Nicastri E; Ventura L; Zignani M; Alliegro MB; Tarantini G; Salassa B; Colangeli V; Mazzarello G; Ursitti MA; Barbanera M; Pristera R; Castelli F; Ortona L; Centro Operativo AIDS - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if different levels of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) antibodies can predict HIV disease progression. DESIGN: Longitudinal study of individuals with a documented date of HIV seroconversion. SETTING: Clinical centers located throughout Italy . PATIENTS: Individual
Gamma irradiation of bovine sera.: Dev Biol Stand. 1999;99:95-109. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99331767; Plavsic MZ; Daley JP; Danner DJ; Weppner DJ; Cell Culture Research and Development, Life Technologies Inc.,; Grand Island, NY 14072, USA.
Immune effector mechanism in parasitic infections.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jan;65(1-2):101-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99163517; Liew FY; Xu D; Chan WL; Department of Immunology, University of Glasgow, UK.; fy11h@clinmed.gla.ac.uk; In this article is a summary of our recent findings on the role of nitric oxide (NO) as an effector mechanism against the intracellular parasite, Leishmania major. NO is produced in large amounts in murine macrophages following activation by IFNgamma synthesized by Th1 cells. NO production is inhibited by IL-4, a prod
HIV-1 DNA vaccines.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jan;65(1-2):127-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99163521; Fomsgaard A; Department of Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen,; Denmark. afo@ssi.dk; HIV-1 was among the original DNA vaccine targets and HIV DNA vaccines are now in human trials. Lack of strong correlates of protective immunity makes vaccine design difficult; however, DNA vaccines have the potential to be an ideal vaccine and therapeutic approach against HIV-1. DNA vaccines induce conformational-depe
T-cell turnover in vivo and the role of cytokines.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jan;65(1-2):21-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99163505; Sprent J; Zhang X; Sun S; Tough D; Department of Immunology, IMM4, The Scripps Research Institute,; La Jolla CA 92037, USA. jsprent@scripps.edu; In addition to responding to specific antigen, CD8+ T-cells with a memory (CD44hi) phenotype undergo bystander proliferation when exposed to certain cytokines, notably type I interferons (IFN I), in vivo; such proliferation does not require T-cell receptor ligation. Since IFN I is unable to induce proliferation of pur
Chemokine receptors and their role in leukocyte activation.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jan;65(1-2):35-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99163507; Wells TN; Proudfoot AE; Power CA; Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Geneva, Switzerland.; tim.wells@serono.com; Chemokines were originally isolated based on their abilities to selectively attract and recruit leukocyte populations. Over the last few years there has been an explosion in the number of new chemokines identified, and as a result many receptors previously considered to be orphans have now been paired up with their li
Checkpoints for regulation of development and IFN-gamma production by Th1 cells in TCR-transgenic models.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jan;65(1-2):41-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99163508; O'Garra A; DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.
The role of the viral glycoprotein in HIV-1 persistence.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jan;65(1-2):63-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99163512; McKeating JA; Balfe P; University of Reading, School of Animal and Microbial Sciences,; Whiteknights, UK.; The study of the immunological defects which arise from HIV infection has led to a deeper understanding both of the normal immune system and of the mechanisms by which it is damaged in disease. The interactions between viral and host factors during the early stages of HIV infection leads to a post-seroconversion stead
T lymphocyte dynamics during Listeria monocytogenes infection.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jan;65(1-2):93-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99163516; Busch DH; Pamer EG; Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University, New Haven CT; 06520, USA.; Infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes results in a robust T lymphocyte response that clears the pathogen and provides long term immunity from reinfection. The number of splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells increases during primary and recall infection with L. monocytogenes, however the propor
Protein A of Staphylococcus aureus evokes Th1 type response in mice.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Apr 15;67(3):157-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295796; Sinha P; Ghosh AK; Das T; Sa G; Ray PK; Immunotechnology Section, Bose Institute, Calcutta, India.; Protein A (PA) of Staphylococcus aureus is known to elicit several cytokines such as IFN gamma, TNF alpha and IL1. However, it has not been delineated yet as to which differentiation pathway lymphocytes follow after stimulation by PA. In this report, we attempted to collect such evidences. Cytokines, such as IFN gamma
Dual specificity of a human neutralizing monoclonal antibody, specific for the V3 loop of GP120 (HIV-1).: Immunol Lett. 1999 Apr 15;67(3):185-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295799; Laisney IL; Strosberg AD; Laboratoire d'Immuno-Pharmacologie Moleculaire, UPR 0415,; Institut Cochin de Genetique Moleculaire, Paris, France.; i.laisney@lrz.uni-muenchen.de; Neutralizing antibodies specific for the third variable (V3) domain of gp120, the HIV-1 surface envelope protein, appear early in infection. However, they are usually highly specific for the priming isolate. To identify potential mimotopes of the V3 domain, we have screened a hexapeptide phage library with a human neu
Linomide downregulates autoimmunity through induction of TH2 cytokine production by lymphocytes.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Apr 15;67(3):203-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295801; Karussis D; Abramsky O; Rosenthal Y; Mizrachi-Koll R; Ovadia H; Department of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Hospital,; Jerusalem, Israel. karus@cc.huji.ac.il; Linomide is a synthetic immunomodulator that has been shown to protect animals against a wide range of spontaneously developing or induced autoimmune diseases. We have previously reported that Linomide blocks both the clinical and the histopathological manifestations of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)
Generation and function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells from CD4/CD8(-/-) double-knockout mice.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Apr 15;67(3):243-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295807; Corsi MM; Sandberg JK; Wasserman K; Maes HH; Kiessling R; Institute of General Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University; of Milan, Italy.; We present a novel, simple and straightforward method to obtain mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) from C57Bl/6 CD4/CD8(-/-) double knock-out mice. This new method, involving culture of bone marrow cells in medium supplemented with Interleukin 4 and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, does no
CD8+ lymphocyte-mediated suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression in human brain cells.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Apr 15;67(3):257-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295809; Lokensgard JR; Gekker G; Hu S; Chao CC; Simpson M; Schut RL; Peterson PK; Institute for Brain and Immune Disorders, Minneapolis Medical; Research Foundation, and University of Minnesota Medical School; 55404, USA. jlokensg@biosci.cbs.umn.edu
IL-10 up-regulates CCR5 gene expression in human monocytes.: Inflammation. 1999 Jun;23(3):241-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99319929; Houle M; Thivierge M; Le Gouill C; Stankova J; Rola-Pleszczynski M; Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine, Universite de; Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.; The chemokine receptor CCR5 has been found to play a key role in early infection with macrophage-tropic isolates of HIV-1 and CCR5 deficiency is associated with a relative resistance to HIV-1 infection. In this context, we studied the regulation of CCR5 gene expression by cytokines, and in particular, interleukin (IL)
Effects of cognitive-behavioral interventions on quality of life in persons with HIV.: Int J Nurs Stud. 1999 Jun;36(3):223-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99332363; Eller LS; Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Newark 07102-1897, USA.; eller@nightingale.rutgers.edu; This study explored the effects of cognitive-behavioral interventions on quality of life in persons with HIV. In a randomized, 3 x 3 block design, 69 participants were assigned to a guided imagery, progressive muscle relaxation or control group. Following brief instruction, subjects practiced their respective interven
Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus infection in pregnancy: diagnostic potential of viral genome detection.: Intervirology. 1998;41(4-5):201-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99234158; Berger A; Doerr HW; Weber B; Institut fur Medizinische Virologie, Zentrum der Hygiene,; Universitatskliniken, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.; Berger@em.uni-frankfurt.de; Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) account for millions of cases of vertical infections worldwide. Laboratory diagnosis is essential for the detection of potentially infectious carriers. HBeAg represents the best serological marker for HBV replication. Since 10% of HBeAg-negative carriers t
A prospective study on mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus.: Intervirology. 1998;41(4-5):208-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99234159; Zanetti AR; Tanzi E; Romano L; Zuin G; Minola E; Vecchi L; Principi N; Institute of Virology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.; To assess the rate of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and to identify potential risk factors for transmission, we followed up (mean 22.4 months, range 1-7.5 years) a cohort of 291 babies born to anti-HCV-positive mothers, 40 of whom were also HIV coinfected. Seventeen (5.8%) babies acquired HC
Antiviral efficacy of disinfectant solution MRI-1.: Intervirology. 1998;41(6):238-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262529; Skinner GR; Billstrom M; Randall S; Buchan A; Davies J; Ahmad A; Vaccine Research Trust, Harborough Banks, Lapworth, UK.; Disinfectant MRI-1 was prepared by dissolution of non-ionic and ionic detergent in ethanol. The disinfectant inactivated extracellular and intracellular enveloped and non-enveloped viruses including herpes viruses, influenza A and human immunodeficiency disease virus in suspension or on surfaces by pre-exposure or pos
HIV pioneer stands up for patients' rights.: J Ark Med Soc. 1999 Jul;96(2):52-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99368434; Gardner N
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma: accepting the challenge.: J Asthma. 1999 Aug;36(5):391-407. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99389025; Creer TL; Winder JA; Tinkelman D; Intermountain Allergy & Asthma Clinic, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Isolation and characterization of ARA160 as the first androgen receptor N-terminal-associated coactivator in human prostate cells.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 6;274(32):22373-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99357764; Hsiao PW; Chang C; Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, George; Whipple Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Rochester,; Rochester, New York 14642, USA.; The androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the steroid receptor superfamily that may require coactivators for proper or maximal transactivation. Using a purified AR N-terminal peptide as a probe to screen the human testis expression library, we identified an androgen-enhanced AR N-terminal-associated protein ARA160, wh
IKKgamma serves as a docking subunit of the IkappaB kinase (IKK) and mediates interaction of IKK with the human T-cell leukemia virus Tax protein.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 13;274(33):22911-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99367408; Harhaj EW; Sun SC; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State; University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.; The tax gene product of human T-cell leukemia virus type I induces activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB, which contributes to deregulated expression of various cellular genes. Tax expression triggers persistent phosphorylation and degradation of the NF-kappaB inhibitory proteins IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta, r
Proteolytic processing of HIV-1 protease precursor, kinetics and mechanism.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK; Louis JM; Wondrak EM; Kimmel AR; Wingfield PT; Nashed NT; Previously it was demonstrated using a model precursor that processing at the N terminus of the HIV-1 protease (PR) precedes processing at its C terminus. We now show the expression, purification, and kinetics of the autoprocessing reaction of a PR precursor linked to 53 amino acids of the native flanking transframe r
Roles of CD4 and coreceptors in binding, endocytosis, and proteolysis of gp120 envelope glycoproteins derived from human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99367483; Kozak SL; Kuhmann SE; Platt EJ; Kabat D; Infections by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) involve interactions of the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 with CD4 and then with a coreceptor. R5 isolates of HIV-1 use CCR5 as a coreceptor, whereas X4 isolates use CXCR4. It is not known whether coreceptors merely trigger fusion of the viral and
Development of a fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction assay (TaqMan) for the detection and quantitation of varicella zoster virus.: J Virol Methods. 1999 Apr;79(1):33-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259085; Hawrami K; Breuer J; Department of Medical Microbiology, St Bartholomew's and the; London School of Medicine and Dentistry, UK.; k.hawrami@mds.qmw.ac.uk; A TaqMan based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the detection and quantitation of varicella zoster virus (VZV). This method enables simple, reproducible, sensitive and specific detection and quantification of VZV. The TaqMan assay was able to detect four copies of VZV and did not cross-react wit
Enhanced replication of M-tropic HIV-1 strains in Herpesvirus saimiri immortalised T-cells which express CCR5.: J Virol Methods. 1999 Apr;79(1):51-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259087; Vella C; Zheng NN; Vella G; Atkins C; Bristow RG; Fickenscher H; Daniels RS; The National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London,; UK. c.vella@qmw.ac.uk; A better characterisation of mononuclear cell-tropic (M-tropic) HIV-1 is central to disease control as these viruses predominate in disease transmission. M-tropic viruses do not replicate in conventional T-cell lines, and virus titres obtained in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are low. Human T-lymphocytes w
Generation of monoclonal antibodies to native human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein by immunization of mice with naked RNA.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259089; Giraud A; Ataman-Onal Y; Battail N; Piga N; Brand D; Mandrand B; Verrier B; The Semliki Forest virus (SFV) vector system is a new approach for in vivo expression of heterologous proteins and can also be used to generate specific immune responses in animal models. HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein produced using the SFV expression system is correctly folded, cleaved, transported to the cell surface
Techniques for the evaluation of nucleic acid amplification technology performance with specimens containing interfering substances: efficacy of boom methodology for extraction of HIV-1 RNA.: J Virol Methods. 1999 Apr;79(1):97-111. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259091; Witt DJ; Kemper M; Organon Teknika Corporation, Durham, NC 27712, USA.; dwitt@orgtek.com; Accurate HIV-1 RNA quantitation with nucleic acid amplification assays (NAAA) is partly dependent on overall assay design to ensure proper and reproducible functioning in the presence of endogenous interfering substances present in a clinical specimen, or exogenous interfering substances introduced as a result of spec
Epidemiology of feline foamy virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infections in domestic and feral cats: a seroepidemiological study.: J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Sep;37(9):2848-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380294; Winkler IG; Lochelt M; Flower RL; School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South; Australia, City East, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia,; 5000, Australia. Ingrid.Winkler@imvs.sa.gov.au; Although foamy viruses (Spumaviruses) have repeatedly been isolated from both healthy and diseased cats, cattle, and primates, the primary mode of transmission of those common viruses remains undefined. A database of the feline foamy virus (FeFV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) antibody status, age, and sex of
Polymorphism of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease gene and response of HIV-1-infected patients to a protease inhibitor.: J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Sep;37(9):2910-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380305; Bossi P; Mouroux M; Yvon A; Bricaire F; Agut H; Huraux JM; Katlama C; Calvez V; Department of Virology, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris,; France.; In order to analyze the impact of protease gene polymorphism on response to regimens containing a protease inhibitor, the entire protease coding domain from 58 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients who were protease inhibitor naive was sequenced before therapy was started. Plasma HIV-1 RNA leve
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cloning vectors for antiretroviral resistance testing.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380311; Martinez-Picado J; Sutton L; De Pasquale MP; Savara AV; D'Aquila RT; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA.; Better detection of minority human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) populations containing gene mutations may improve the usefulness of antiretroviral resistance testing for clinical management. Molecular cloning of HIV-1 PCR products which might improve minority detection can be slow and difficult, and commercia
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutations associated with resistance to lamivudine in patients coinfected with HBV and human immunodeficiency virus.: J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Sep;37(9):3013-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380324; Thibault V; Benhamou Y; Seguret C; Bochet M; Katlama C; Bricaire F; Opolon P; Poynard T; Agut H; Laboratoire de Virologie, Service d'Hepato-Gastro-Enterologie,; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Groupe Hospitalier; Pitie-Salpetriere, 75013 Paris, France.; vincent.thibault@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr; Mutations associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) resistance to lamivudine have not been extensively addressed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HBV coinfection. We have studied the HBV polymerase sequences from nine coinfected patients who experienced HBV recurrence while under lamivudine treatment. In seven of t
Neuron loss and axon reorganization in the dentate gyrus of cats infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352383; Mitchell TW; Buckmaster PS; Hoover EA; Whalen LR; Dudek FE; The pathophysiological bases of cognitive, motor, and behavioral abnormalities in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) remain largely unknown. To test the possibility that changes in hippocampal neuronal structure may contribute to these neurologic abnormalities, we examined the brains of ca
Sarcoidosis in a patient with AIDS: a manifestation of immune restoration syndrome.: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999 Aug;41(2 Pt 2):285-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99355863; Mirmirani P; Maurer TA; Herndier B; McGrath M; Weinstein MD; Berger TG; University of California, Department of Dermatology, San; Francisco, CA 94143-0316, USA. paradi@itsa.ucsf.edu; Sarcoidosis has been rarely reported in the presence of HIV infection. Helper T-lymphocyte depletion may attenuate granuloma formation. We present a patient who developed active sarcoidosis after being started on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which increased his CD4 count and decreased his viral load.
Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection: a review of current medications and therapies.: J Am Optom Assoc. 1999 Jun;70(6):355-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99366392; Bright DC; Optometry Department, West Los Angeles Healthcare Center/VAGLAHS,; California, USA.; BACKGROUND: Management of HIV infection has been revolutionized in the past 3 years by the introduction of drugs significantly more potent than those previously available. Simultaneously revelations about dynamics of HIV infection and viral replication have altered concepts about HIV disease, as well as the need for t
Sarcoidosis-related anterior uveitis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus.: J Am Optom Assoc. 1999 Jun;70(6):384-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99366393; Lee AK; Chronister CL; Eye Institute, Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania, USA.; BACKGROUND: This is the first ophthalmic report--to our knowledge--of an anterior uveitis secondary to sarcoidosis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Other reported causes of uveitis in HIV-infected patients have included HIV, herpes zoster, tuberculosis, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, cryptococc
Central serous chorioretinopathy and HIV.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99366394; Spalding JM; VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; BACKGROUND: Patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) have sudden-onset, painless, uniocular blur that is typically diagnosed via fundus and fluorescein angiographic appearance. The etiology and pathophysiology are not fully understood; however, there may be an association with an infectious etiology. This
HIV-1 viral load testing.: J Infect. 1999 May;38(3):141-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352077; Clarke JR; McClure MO; Department of Genitourinary Medicine and Communicable Diseases,; Imperial College School of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital,; Paddington, London, UK.
Measurement of plasma HIV viral load--clinical applications.: J Infect. 1999 May;38(3):147-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352078; Churchill D; Weber J; Division of Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, St.; Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
HIV and tuberculosis co-infection in an inner London hospital--a prospective anonymized seroprevalence study.: J Infect. 1999 May;38(3):162-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352081; Marshall BG; Mitchell DM; Shaw RJ; Marais F; Watkins RM; Coker RJ; Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Mary's NHS Trust, London,; UK.; OBJECTIVES: Since 1987 there has been an increase in tuberculosis notifications in the U.K., with this increase disproportionately affecting London. A recent national survey suggests that co-infection with HIV occurs in less than 5% of tuberculosis patients. This study asked if local co-infection rates in Inner London
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients.: J Infect. 1999 May;38(3):176-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352084; Meynard JL; Barbut F; Guiguet M; Batisse D; Lalande V; Lesage D; Guiard-Schmid JB; Petit JC; Frottier J; Meyohas MC; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital; Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: (1) To determine the incidence and outcome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in HIV-infected patients. (2) To study the antimicrobial susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolates in this particular population. (3) To identify risk factors for these infections. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective case-contr
[Successful treatment of primary CNS lymphoma diagnosed by 201thallium-single photon emission computed tomography (201Tl-SPECT) with whole-brain radiation therapy in an AIDS patient]: Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1999 Jun;73(6):609-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352753; Okubo T; Ihata A; Nakamura M; Ueda A; Ohno S; Hagiwara E; Shirai A; Kanamori H; Ishigatsubo Y; First Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama City University; School of Medicine, Japan.; The patient, a 51-year-old male with a two year history of AIDS, was admitted to our hospital because of hemiparalysis and vomiting. The MRI study showed multiple lesions with ring-enhancement in the right basal brain area. Empirical therapy for toxoplasma encephalitis was started. After 64 days, the subsequent brain
Prevalence of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus RNA and E2 antibody among subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 after parenteral or sexual exposure.: J Med Virol. 1999 Aug;58(4):373-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347772; Bourlet T; Guglielminotti C; Evrard M; Berthelot P; Grattard F; Fresard A; Lucht FR; Pozzetto B; Groupe Immunite des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogenes, University; of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of Medicine, Department of; Microbiology, France.; GB virus C (GBV-C) or hepatitis G virus (HGV) is transmitted by the parenteral route but the importance of sexual transmission needs to be ascertained. GBV-C/HGV infections were investigated using RNA and E2-antibody detection methods in 80 subjects infected by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) divided i
Nucleotide sequence of thymidine kinase gene of sequential acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type 1 isolates recovered from a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: evidence for reactivation of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus.: J Med Virol. 1999 Aug;58(4):387-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347774; Saijo M; Suzutani T; Itoh K; Hirano Y; Murono K; Nagamine M; Mizuta K; Niikura M; Morikawa S; Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical College, Hokkaido,; Japan. msaijo@nih.go.jp; Recurrent acyclovir (ACV)-resistant (ACV-r) herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections occurred in a patient with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, an X-linked recessive immunodeficiency syndrome composed of three clinical characteristics of immunodeficiency, thrombocytopenia, and a
Establishing and characterizing a CD30-positive cell line harboring HHV-8 from a primary effusion lymphoma.: J Med Virol. 1999 Aug;58(4):394-401. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347775; Katano H; Hoshino Y; Morishita Y; Nakamura T; Satoh H; Iwamoto A; Herndier B; Mori S; Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, University; of Tokyo, Japan.; Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL, or body-cavity-based lymphoma [BCBL]) is a new subtype of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma in which tumor cells locate in the body cavity exclusively. PEL/BCBL is widely accepted as one of the neoplastic complications of AIDS, associated mostly with human herp
Quantitative changes in cytomegalovirus DNAemia and genetic analysis of the UL97 and UL54 genes in AIDS patients receiving cidofovir following ganciclovir therapy.: J Med Virol. 1999 Aug;58(4):402-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347776; Bowen EF; Cherrington JM; Lamy PD; Griffiths PD; Johnson MA; Emery VC; Department of Virology, Royal Free and University College Medical; School of University College London, England.; Five AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis who had received ganciclovir (GCV) therapy were followed with serial blood sampling to detectchanges both in CMV load and in the genetic composition of genes UL97 and UL
Identification of a new control region in the genome of the DDP strain of BK virus isolated from PBMC.: J Med Virol. 1999 Aug;58(4):413-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U91605; Degener AM; Pietropaolo V; Di Taranto C; Jin L; Ameglio F; Cordiali-Fei P; Trento E; Sinibaldi L; Orsi N; Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, University "La; Sapienza", Rome, Italy.; The various strains of human polyomavirus BK (BKV) show a marked heterogeneity in the non-coding control region (NCCR), which includes the origin of replication and the regulatory region for early and late transcription. A new BKV strain (DDP, U91605) was identified by direct detection and sequencing of PCR products o
A new tyrosine kinase inhibitor from the marine brown alga Stypopodium zonale.: J Nat Prod. 1999 Jun;62(6):927-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99324064; Wessels M; Konig GM; Wright AD; Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, Technical University of; Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstrasse 1, D-38106 Braunschweig,; Germany.; From the lipophilic extract of the marine brown alga Stypopodium zonale (Dictyotaceae) the new terpenoid compound stypoquinonic acid (1) together with the known compounds taondiol (2) and atomaric acid (3) were isolated. The structures of all isolates were determined from their spectroscopic data, including 1- and 2-d
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein stimulates inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production in microglial cultures.: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1999 Aug;58(8):825-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99374473; Polazzi E; Levi G; Minghetti L; Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita,; Rome, Italy.; In order to establish whether the neurotoxicity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) regulatory protein Tat could be related to the production of potentially toxic substances by microglial cells, we examined the ability of recombinant HIV-1 Tat protein to stimulate the release of NO in purified rat micro
Nucleosides and nucleotides. 185. Synthesis and biological activities of 4'alpha-C-branched-chain sugar pyrimidine nucleosides.: J Med Chem. 1999 Jul 29;42(15):2901-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99355924; Nomura M; Shuto S; Tanaka M; Sasaki T; Mori S; Shigeta S; Matsuda A; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University,; Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.; A series of 4 alpha-C-branched-chain pyrimidine nucleosides was synthesized from 2 -deoxycytidine or uridine. In the 2 -deoxycytidine series, the substituent at the 4 alpha-position affected cytotoxicity against L1210 mouse leukemic cells in vitro in the order Me (23) > CN (22) > C(symbol)CH (21) > CH=CH(2) (19) > Et
LearnCoil-VMF: computational evidence for coiled-coil-like motifs in many viral membrane-fusion proteins.: J Mol Biol. 1999 Jul 30;290(5):1031-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370058; Singh M; Berger B; Kim PS; Department of Biology, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142,; USA.; Crystallographic studies have shown that the coiled-coil motif occurs in several viral membrane-fusion proteins, including HIV-1 gp41 and influenza virus hemagglutinin. Here, the LearnCoil-VMF program was designed as a specialized program for identifying coiled-coil-like regions in viral membrane-fusion proteins. Base
Direct evidence that HIV-1 Tat stimulates RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain hyperphosphorylation during transcriptional elongation.: J Mol Biol. 1999 Jul 30;290(5):929-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370050; Isel C; Karn J; Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills; Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QH, UK.; The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) Tat protein regulates transcription by stimulating RNA polymerase processivity. Using immobilised templates, we have been able to study the effects of Tat on protein kinase activity during the pre-initiation and elongation stages of HIV-1 transcription. In pre-initiation
Women's beliefs about breastfeeding and transmission of AIDS in rural Cote d'Ivoire [letter]: JAMA. 1999 Aug 25;282(8):733. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99391346; Kunii O; Shibuya K
Association of the CCR5delta32 mutation with improved response to antiretroviral therapy [letter]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99391347; Valdez H; Purvis SF; Lederman MM; Fillingame M; Zimmerman PA
HIV transmission through breastfeeding: a study in Malawi [see comments]: JAMA. 1999 Aug 25;282(8):744-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99391350; Miotti PG; Taha TE; Kumwenda NI; Broadhead R; Mtimavalye LA; Van der Hoeven L; Chiphangwi JD; Liomba G; Biggar RJ; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. pm122m@nih.gov; CONTEXT: Understanding the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission through breastfeeding is essential for advising HIV-infected mothers and formulating public health policy recommendations. OBJECTIVE: To measure the frequency, timing, and risk factors of HIV transmission through breast milk. DESIGN: Pr
When is breastfeeding not best? The dilemma facing HIV-infected women in resource-poor settings [editorial; comment]: JAMA. 1999 Aug 25;282(8):781-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99391357; Fowler MG; Bertolli J; Nieburg P
[Immunotherapy for MDR-TB (multi-drug resistant tuberculosis)--its feasibility]: Kekkaku. 1999 Jun;74(6):479-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352758; Tsuyuguchi I; Osaka Prefectural Habikino Hospital, Japan.; MDR-TB is known to be man-made-disease. Inappropriate treatment of tuberculosis is responsible for the development of MDR-TB. MDR-TB is often accompanied with the immunosuppression of the host. Given that we are unable to develop another potent anti-TB drug in near future, immunotherapy directed at combating immunosup
Prevention of crescentic glomerulonephritis by immunoneutralization of the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 rapid communication.: Kidney Int. 1999 Aug;56(2):612-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362614; Feng L; Chen S; Garcia GE; Xia Y; Siani MA; Botti P; Wilson CB; Harrison JK; Bacon KB; Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037, USA. llfimm@scripps.edu; BACKGROUND: Fractalkine is a newly identified T-cell and monocyte/macrophage (Mphi) chemokine with a transmembrane domain and is a cell-surface protein on activated endothelium. It can mediate adhesion of cells expressing the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1. These unique features make fractalkine well suited for leukocyte
Long-lasting decrease of CD4+/CD45RA+ T cells in HCL patients after 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) treatment.: Leukemia. 1999 Aug;13(8):1254-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377963; Raspadori D; Rondelli D; Birtolo S; Lenoci M; Nardi G; Scalia G; Sestigiani C; Tozzi M; Marotta G; Lauria F; Department of Hematology, University of Siena, Italy.; The CD45RA and CD45RO isoforms of the leukocyte common antigen identify functionally distinct CD4+ T cell subsets: CD4+/CD45RA+ cells which represent a more naive stage of T cell compartment and CD4+/CD45RO+ memory cells. Phenotypic and functional abnormalities in T cell compartment have been frequently reported i
First non-imported HTLV-1 positive adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in Germany [letter]: Leukemia. 1999 Aug;13(8):1296-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377973; Reinhardt P; Maschmeyer G; Schulze G; Fleischer C; Ellerbrok H; Schlegelberger B; Stein H; Pauli G; Ludwig WD
Short-course zidovudine for prevention of perinatal infection.: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):766-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387708; Mofenson LM; Pediatric, Adolescent, and Maternal AIDS Branch, Center for; Research for Mothers and Children, National Institute of Child; Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health,; Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Short-course zidovudine for perinatal HIV-1 transmission in Bangkok, Thailand: a randomised controlled trial. Bangkok Collaborative Perinatal HIV Transmission Study Group.: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):773-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387713; Shaffer N; Chuachoowong R; Mock PA; Bhadrakom C; Siriwasin W; Young NL; Chotpitayasunondh T; Chearskul S; Roongpisuthipong A; Chinayon P; Karon J; Mastro TD; Simonds RJ; HIV/AIDS Collaborative, Nonthaburi, Thailand. nas4@cdc.gov; BACKGROUND: Many developing countries have not implemented the AIDS Clinical Trials Group 076 zidovudine regimen for prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission because of its complexity and cost. We investigated the safety and efficacy of short-course oral zidovudine administered during late pregnancy and labour. METH
Short-course oral zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: a randomised trial.: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):781-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387714; Wiktor SZ; Ekpini E; Karon JM; Nkengasong J; Maurice C; Severin ST; Roels TH; Kouassi MK; Lackritz EM; Coulibaly IM; Greenberg AE; Project RETRO-CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.; szw0@cdc.gov; BACKGROUND: In Africa, the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 infection is high. Short-course perinatal oral zidovudine might decrease the rate of transmission. We assessed the safety and efficacy of such a regimen among HIV-1-seropositive breastfeeding women in Abidjan,
6-month efficacy, tolerance, and acceptability of a short regimen of oral zidovudine to reduce vertical transmission of HIV in breastfed children in Cote d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso: a double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre trial. DITRAME Study Group. DIminution de la Transmission Mere-Enfant.: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):786-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387715; Dabis F; Msellati P; Meda N; Welffens-Ekra C; You B; Manigart O; Leroy V; Simonon A; Cartoux M; Combe P; Ouangre A; Ramon R; Ky-Zerbo O; Montcho C; Salamon R; Rouzioux C; Van de Perre P; Mandelbrot L; Unite INSERM 330, Universite Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, France.; Francois.dabis@dim.u-bordeaux2.fr; BACKGROUND: Zidovudine reduces the rate of vertical transmission of HIV in non-breastfed populations. We assessed the acceptability, tolerance, and 6-month efficacy of a short regimen of oral zidovudine in African populations practising breastfeeding. METHODS: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial was car
Sexual dysfunction with protease inhibitors [letter] [see comments]: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):810-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387724; Martinez E; Collazos J; Mayo J; Blanco MS
Hypermenorrhea associated with ritonavir [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):811-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387725; Nielsen H
South African budget targets AIDS campaigns [news]: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):822. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387732; Baleta A
Science, ethics, and the future of research into maternal infant transmission of HIV-1. Perinatal HIV Intervention Research in Developing Countries Workshop participants [see comments]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387735; Effective, feasible interventions to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV-1 in developing nations are an urgent necessity. Scientific issues of concern include a need to identify other effective antiretroviral agents; to define the shortest effective course of therapy; to assess interventions other than antiretrovira
Seizing the opportunity: collaborative initiatives to reduce HIV and maternal mortality.: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):836-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387736; Graham WJ; Newell ML; Dugald Baird Centre for Research on Women's Health, Department of; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aberdeen University, Aberdeen; Maternity Hospital, UK.
Possible interaction between sildenafil and HIV combination therapy [letter] [see comments]: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):840. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387737; Nandwani R; Gourlay Y
CD38/CD8 expression and HAART failure [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):840-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387738; Caselli D; Comolli G; Maccabruni A; Klersy C; Minoli L
Adherence to HAART in HIV [letter] [see comments]: Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):841. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387739; Lazzarini L; Lanzafame M; Trevenzoli M; Vento S; Concia E
Infant feeding and HIV-1 transmission [see comments]: Lancet. 1999 Aug 7;354(9177):442-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392833; Newell ML; Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Child Health, University; College London, UK.
Influence of infant-feeding patterns on early mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Durban, South Africa: a prospective cohort study. South African Vitamin A Study Group [see comments]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392841; Coutsoudis A; Pillay K; Spooner E; Kuhn L; Coovadia HM; BACKGROUND: The observation that mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 can occur through breastfeeding has resulted in policies that recommend avoidance of breastfeeding by HIV-1-infected women in the developed world and under specific circumstances in developing countries. We compared transmission rates in exclusivel
Asthma and diabetes [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Aug 7;354(9177):515. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392873; Huang SW
Asthma and diabetes [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Aug 7;354(9177):515-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392874; Bottini N; Fontana L
Acid fast filaments in stool samples from an AIDS patient.: Medicina (B Aires). 1998;58(6):733-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99277315; Bava J; Franchi M; Bellegarde E; Negroni R; Seccion Parasitologia, Hospital de Infecciosas Francisco J.; Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina. javibava@fmed.uba.ar; The presence of filamentous bacteria morphologically similar to Nocardia in a fresh stool sample from an AIDS patient with pulmonary nocardiosis is here reported. The material was submitted to our laboratory for a parasitologic examination and was stained by the Kinyoun method, revealing numerous delicate, irregularly
HIV transmission in a prison system in an Australian State [see comments]: Med J Aust. 1999 Jul 5;171(1):14-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380972; Dolan KA; Wodak A; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New; South Wales, Sydney. ndarc8@unsw.edu.au; OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible HIV transmission among prison inmates. SETTING: A prison system in an Australian State. PARTICIPANTS: 13 ex-prisoners and their prison contacts. METHODS: Ex-prisoners who claimed to have been infected with HIV in prison and their prison contacts were interviewed about HIV risk behavi
HIV prevalence at reception into Australian prisons, 1991-1997 [comment]: Med J Aust. 1999 Jul 5;171(1):18-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380973; McDonald AM; Ryan JW; Brown PR; Manners CJ; Falconer AD; Kinnear RC; Harvey WJ; Hearne PR; Banaszczyk M; Kaldor JM; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; Sydney, NSW. amcdonald@nchecr.unsw.edu.au; OBJECTIVE: To measure the extent and outcome of HIV antibody testing at reception into Australian prisons. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey at reception into prison. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: People received into Australian prisons from 1991 to 1997. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of people tested for HIV infection and p
Australian prisons are still health risks [editorial; comment]: Med J Aust. 1999 Jul 5;171(1):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380968; Levy MH
Rapidly fatal infection with Ehrlichia chaffeensis [letter]: N Engl J Med. 1999 Sep 2;341(10):763-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99383633; Martin GS; Christman BW; Standaert SM
Alopecia associated with indinavir therapy [letter]: N Engl J Med. 1999 Aug 19;341(8):618. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362144; Bouscarat F; Prevot MH; Matheron S
Apoptosis in placentas from human T-lymphotropic virus type I-seropositive pregnant women: a possible defense mechanism against transmission from mother to fetus.: Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Aug;94(2):279-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359090; Fujino T; Iwamoto I; Otsuka H; Ikeda T; Takesako S; Nagata Y; School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Japan.; toshinet@health.nop.kagoshima-u-ac-jp; OBJECTIVE: The mechanism by which the placenta serves as the barrier against mother-to-fetus transmission of microorganisms remains to be elucidated. Programmed cell death, apoptosis, is considered a cellular defense mechanism against infection. The hypothesis of this study is that apoptosis of human T-lymphotropic vi
Mitochondrial targeting of the p13II protein coded by the x-II ORF of human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I).: Oncogene. 1999 Aug 5;18(31):4505-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369250; Ciminale V; Zotti L; D'Agostino DM; Ferro T; Casareto L; Franchini G; Bernardi P; Chieco-Bianchi L; Department of Oncology and Surgical Sciences, University of; Padova, Italy.; The X region of the HTLV-I genome contains four major open reading frames (ORFs), two of which, termed x-I and x-II, are of still undefined biological significance. By indirect immunofluorescence and dual labeling with marker proteins, we demonstrate that p13II, an 87-amino acid protein coded by the x-II ORF, is selec
Psoriasis associated with human immunodeficiency virus in an infant.: Pediatr Dermatol. 1999 Mar-Apr;16(2):144-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269975; McAleer P; Chu P; White SM; Don PC; Bamji M; Weinberg JM; Department of Dermatology, New York Medical College-Metropolitan; Hospital Center, New York 10029, USA.; Psoriasis is commonly reported in association with HIV in adults. A 3-month-old girl with HIV presented with a widespread eruption and was diagnosed with psoriasis. This is the first infant reported with psoriasis in association with HIV infection. The relationship between the two entities is discussed, as is the role
Dietary linoleic acid, immune inhibition and disease.: Postgrad Med J. 1999 Mar;75(881):129-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377596; Sammon AM; Department of Surgery, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal; Infirmary, UK.; Review of the evidence available in published literature supports a radical change in viewpoint with respect to disease in countries where maize is the predominant dietary component. In these countries, the pattern of disease is largely determined by a change in immune profile caused by metabolites of dietary linoleic
Experience with invasive Candida infections.: Postgrad Med J. 1999 Mar;75(881):151-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377601; Girishkumar H; Yousuf AM; Chivate J; Geisler E; Department of Surgery, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, NY 10457,; USA.; Between January and July 1995, 227 patients at the Bronx- Lebanon Hospital Center had positive fungal cultures. Candida spp were the most common fungi isolated. Forty-three patients with invasive disease, as indicated by fungus-posit
Pancreatitis and chronic abdominal pain in a patient with AIDS.: Postgrad Med J. 1999 Jun;75(884):371-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99364038; Nusair S; Nahir M; Almogy G; Goldin E; Carmiel M; Rahav G; Gastroenterology Unit, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem,; Israel.
Methodology for protein-ligand binding studies: application to a model for drug resistance, the HIV/FIV protease system.: Proteins. 1999 Aug 15;36(3):318-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99340283; Dominy BN; Brooks CL 3rd; Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute,; La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; A protocol for the rapid energetic analysis of protein-ligand complexes has been developed. This protocol involves the generation of protein-ligand complex ensembles followed by an analysis of the binding free energy components. We apply this methodology toward understanding the origin of binding specificity within th
[The principal stages of activity of the International Council of Nurses for the nursing profession and for health]: Prof Inferm. 1999 Jan-Mar;52(1):61-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384759
Combining mortality and longitudinal measures in clinical trials.: Stat Med. 1999 Jun 15;18(11):1341-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327399; Finkelstein DM; Schoenfeld DA; Biostatistics Department, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115, USA. dfinkel@sdac.harvard.edu; Clinical trials often assess therapeutic benefit on the basis of an event such as death or the diagnosis of disease. Usually, there are several additional longitudinal measures of clinical status which are collected to be used in the treatment comparison. This paper proposes a simple non-parametric test which combines
A threshold causal model for clinical trials with departures from intended treatment.: Stat Med. 1999 Jul 15;18(13):1615-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99337827; Albert JM; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine,; BRB-G19, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue,; Cleveland, OH 44106-4945, USA. jma13@po.cwru.edu; Randomized clinical trials often are planned to study a specific intervention. However, the collection of data on treatment actually received often reveals variable levels of treatment exposure (or dose ) across subjects, due to non-compliance or other reasons. This paper presents a new method, using such dose data
A test to detect replication in HIV serological data labelled by birth date based on the number of matching pairs in a sample.: Stat Med. 1999 Jul 15;18(13):1641-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99337829; Greenhalgh D; Doyle MT; Department of Statistics and Modelling Science, University of; Strathclyde, Livingstone Tower, 26 Richmond Street, Glasgow G1; 1XH, U.K.; Diagnoses of HIV infection are reported to the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) by microbiologists through a voluntary confidential surveillance scheme. Names are not recorded on the database but the date of birth of the individual concerned is usually available. This paper discusses a statistical method to det
[Disseminated histoplasmosis within the scope of immune deficiency with suspected HIV infection. HIV infection CDC stage C3. Disseminated histoplasmosis]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99338048; Guex AC; Medizinische Universitats-Poliklinik, Departement Innere; Medizin, Kantonsspital Basel.
[Abdominal pain with ascites. Hepatorenal syndrome]: Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1999 May 12;88(20):920-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99338049; Schwietert M; Medizinische Universitats-Poliklinik, Departement Innere; Medizin, Kantonsspital Basel.
[Malignant diseases concomitant with AIDS (news)]: Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1999 May 1;129(17):675-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99336278; Flepp M
[Pericardial involvement in an HIV-infected patient]: Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1999 May 15;129(19):736-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99336286; Lepori M; Tinguely F; Erard V; Delabays A; Nicod P; Service de Medecine Interne B, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne.; Pericarditis and myocarditis are frequent in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but most cases are asymptomatic or masked by signs and symptoms of other organ system disease. We present a case of cardiac tamponade, secondary to a disseminated tuberculosis infection, in a patient with HIV infect
The tuberculosis pandemic: implications for health in the tropics.: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Mar-Apr;93(2):113-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99378924; Zumla A; Squire SB; Chintu C; Grange JM; Department of Medicine, Royal Free and University College Medical; School, London, UK.; Among infectious diseases, tuberculosis is the leading cause of death, killing around 3 million people each year. Most cases occur in young adults but it is also a major cause of illness and death in children. The problem has been exacerbated in recent years by the HIV pandemic and by the emergence of multidrug resist
Mortality attributed to malaria versus HIV/AIDS in Africa [letter]: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Mar-Apr;93(2):222. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99378948; Muller O
[Intestinal tuberculosis and AIDS. Case report and literature review]: Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam. 1998;28(4):305-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99277033; Cendoya C; Corti M; Hospital de Infecciosas F.J. Muniz, Buenos Aires.; We describe a patient with HIV-1 infection and disseminated tuberculosis complicated with intestinal localization. The authors describe the clinical and radiological findings and the histological and microbiological diagnosis corroboration of the intestinal biopsy. The incidence of tuberculosis has been increasing dur
Hypermetabolism and progression of HIV infection [letter]: Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Aug;70(2):299-300; discussion 301. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99356164; Garcia Luna PP; Aguayo PS; Exposito MJ; Florit AP; Garcia Lorda P; Salvado JS
Re: "Is there really a heterosexual AIDS epidemic in the United States? Findings from a multisite validation study, 1992-1995" [letter]: Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Aug 15;150(4):429-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99381624; Brody S; Potterat JJ
The use of a transscrotal testosterone delivery system in the treatment of patients with weight loss related to human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Am J Med. 1999 Aug;107(2):126-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387798; Dobs AS; Cofrancesco J; Nolten WE; Danoff A; Anderson R; Hamilton CD; Feinberg J; Seekins D; Yangco B; Rhame F; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; PURPOSE: Weight loss is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) lose body cell mass. Hypogonadism is also common. This study tested the efficacy of a testosterone transscrotal patch (6 mg/day) in improving
The effect of hospital experience on mortality among patients hospitalized with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in California.: Am J Med. 1999 Aug;107(2):137-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387800; Cunningham WE; Tisnado DM; Lui HH; Nakazono TT; Carlisle DM; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of; California, Los Angeles, USA.; BACKGROUND: Several studies in the 1980s suggested that mortality rates for patients hospitalized with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were lower in hospitals that cared for greater numbers of AIDS patients. We sought to determine whether this observation persisted in the mid-1990s in California. SUBJECT
Clinical features and costs of care for hospitalized adults with primary Epstein-Barr virus infection.: Am J Med. 1999 Aug;107(2):144-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387801; Borer A; Gilad J; Haikin H; Riesenberg K; Porath A; Schlaeffer F; Infectious Disease Institute, Soroka Medical Center and the; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.; PURPOSE: To study the clinical and laboratory features of primary infection with the Epstein-Barr virus in adults who required hospitalization and to assess the difficulty in its diagnosis, the use of diagnostic procedures, and the associated costs of care. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively identified all adult
Expression of the costimulatory molecule BB-1, the ligands CTLA-4 and CD28, and their mRNA in inflammatory myopathies.: Am J Pathol. 1999 Aug;155(2):453-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99364932; Murata K; Dalakas MC; Neuromuscular Diseases Section, National Institute of; Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; To examine if the muscle fibers in patients with inflammatory myopathies have the potential to behave as antigen presenting cells (APCs), we investigated the expression of costimulatory molecules BB-1, B7-1 (CD80), and B7-2 (CD86), and their counterreceptors, CD28 or CTLA-4 (CD152), in the muscle biopsies of patients
Primary cutaneous CD8-positive epidermotropic cytotoxic T cell lymphomas. A distinct clinicopathological entity with an aggressive clinical behavior.: Am J Pathol. 1999 Aug;155(2):483-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99364935; Berti E; Tomasini D; Vermeer MH; Meijer CJ; Alessi E; Willemze R; Institute of Dermatologic Science, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore,; Milan, Italy. berti@jupiter.augustea.it; Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) generally have the phenotype of CD3+, CD4+, CD45RO+ memory T cells. CTCL expressing a CD8+ T cell phenotype are extremely rare and ill-defined. To elucidate whether these CD8+ CTCL represent a distinct disease entity, the clinical, histological, and immunophenotypical features of 17 C
Tumor-associated transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin-10 contribute to a systemic Th2 immune phenotype in pancreatic carcinoma patients.: Am J Pathol. 1999 Aug;155(2):537-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99364940; Bellone G; Turletti A; Artusio E; Mareschi K; Carbone A; Tibaudi D; Robecchi A; Emanuelli G; Rodeck U; Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Torino,; Torino, Italy. bellone@golgi.molinette.unito.it; In this study, we report coexpression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in pancreatic carcinoma tissue associated with significantly elevated levels of both cytokines in the sera of pancreatic carcinoma patients. Using conditioned media (CM) of pancreatic carcinoma cells, we furt
Thrombotic microangiopathy in the HIV-2-infected macaque.: Am J Pathol. 1999 Aug;155(2):649-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99364952; Eitner F; Cui Y; Hudkins KL; Schmidt A; Birkebak T; Agy MB; Hu SL; Morton WR; Anderson DM; Alpers CE; Department of Pathology, The Washington Regional Primate Research; Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.; feitner@u.washington.edu; Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) has been increasingly reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected humans over the past decade. The pathogenesis is unknown. We prospectively analyzed the renal pathology and function of 27 pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina), infected intravenously with a virulent HIV-2
Multiple vaccination effects on atopy [letter]: Allergy. 1999 Apr;54(4):398-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297512; Taylor-Robinson AW
Microbial stimulation as an aetiologic factor in atopic disease.: Allergy. 1999;54 Suppl 49:12-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99349604; Holt PG; Macaubas C; Prescott SL; Sly PD; Division of Cell Biology, TVW Telethon Institute for Child Health; Research, West Perth, Australia. patrick@ichr.uwa.edu.au; Epidemiologic evidence from various sources suggests that exposure to microbial stimuli during early childhood can influence the induction and expression of atopic diseases, particularly in the respiratory tract. Moreover, these effects may have long-lasting consequences in relation to expression of the atopic phenoty
Prospective evaluation of risk factors for bloodstream infection in patients receiving home infusion therapy.: Ann Intern Med. 1999 Sep 7;131(5):340-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99391411; Tokars JI; Cookson ST; McArthur MA; Boyer CL; McGeer AJ; Jarvis WR; Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.; BACKGROUND: Intravenous therapy in the outpatient and home settings is commonplace for many diseases and nutritional disorders. Few data are available on the rate of and risk factors for bloodstream infection among patients receiving such therapy. OBJECTIVE: To determine rates of and risk factors for bloodstream infec
Human immunodeficiency virus infection, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and microglial activation: pathogenetic relationship to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex.: Ann Neurol. 1999 Aug;46(2):207-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99371486; Rostasy K; Monti L; Yiannoutsos C; Kneissl M; Bell J; Kemper TL; Hedreen JC; Navia BA; Pediatric Neurology, The Floating Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; The regional expression of immune-mediated and neurotoxic events in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected brain in relationship to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex (ADC) and brain pathology remains uncertain. The extent of gp41, inducible nit
Dissolved oxygen concentration affects the accumulation of HIV-1 recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99365968; Qoronfleh MW; A central problem in aerobic growth of any culture is the maintenance of dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC) above growth-limiting levels especially in high-cell density fermentations that are usually of the fed-batch type. Fermentor studies have been conducted to determine the influence of DOC on the production of h
[Recent advances in the treatment of HIV infection/AIDS]: Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1999 Jul;26(8):1033-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360257; Matsushita S; Division of Clinical Retrovirology and Infectious Diseases,; Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Japan.; Following the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), which uses a combination of chemotherapeutic agents including protease inhibitors a striking reduction in overall HIV mortality and morbidity has been observed. In
AIDS bills remain in limbo as lawmakers ponder Clinton's fate.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):1, 6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704385; Due to the distractions caused by the possible presidential impeachment and by the upcoming re-election campaigns of current lawmakers, Congress may postpone the approval of funding for key legislation that affects a number of HIV prevention, research, and care programs. The current status of several bills is presente
Court says mother has right to stop HIV drugs for son.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704386; A mother in Maine was charged with child neglect for refusing to administer triple combination therapy to her 4-year-old son, who is HIV positive. The mother based her decision on her own experience with monotherapy and on her older daughter s experiences of the harmfu
Colorado court overturns conviction for attempted murder.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704387; The conviction of Jesus Xavier Perez on the charge of attempted extreme indifference murder toward his stepdaughter was overturned by the Colorado Court of Appeals. Perez was originally accused of several sexual assault charges by his stepdaughter. However, because Perez s actions were imposed on an individual that
Court upholds validity of Michigan's HIV exposure law.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704388; The Michigan Court of Appeals upheld a law which states that HIV-positive individuals are criminally responsible for exposing their sexual partners to the HIV virus if the sexual partners were not informed of the possible exposure to the virus. This is regardless of whether there is an intention to spread the disease.
Congress is again seeking to censor Internet content.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704389; The Child Online Protection Act, H.R. 3177, restricts the distribution of commercial material on the Internet that may be considered harmful to minors. This bill has many provisions that are similar to parts of the Communication Decency Act that were deemed unconstitutional. The American Civil Liberties Union and Elec
House votes 310-93 to reject marijuana as medicine.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704390; House resolution H.J. Res.117 discourages the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes and supports enforcement of current Federal drug laws. The resolution clearly states that the benefits of marijuana are unclear. Several states have put forth initiatives to approve the use of marijuana for individuals who have serio
Employers' guide to walking the line of job accommodations.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704391; Judicial precedent has aided employers in interpreting the boundaries and limitations of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Accommodations that employers should allow for are discussed, such as allowing for a reasonable leave of absence, allowing for a job change to an equal or lower position, and re-evaluatin
Court crafts rule for handling AIDS-related child neglect.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704392; In the absence of adequate alternatives to help a terminally ill parent provide care for a child, the Department of Health and Human Resources in West Virginia attempted to terminate the parental rights of a mother with AIDS, stating that her illness caused her to neglect her child. The West Virginia Supreme Court rul
Despite depression, claimant was able to function adequately.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704393; A Federal judge denied a social security application from an HIV-positive person who was claiming to suffer from HIV-related depression. Jose Cortez claimed that he also suffered from pain, difficulty breathing, and many other symptoms. His original application was denied by an administrative law judge, so Cortez appe
Court rules insurer must honor its promise.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704394; Monumental Life Insurance Co. has to pay more than $230,000 to a beneficiary whose partner died of AIDS, shortly after paying the monthly premium for a life insurance policy. Unaware of the health status of the policy holder, a representative from the insurance company granted coverage and gave the policy holder a wri
Statement about AIDS did not prejudice trial.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704395; The case of a Mississippi man who stalked and sexually assaulted his ex-girlfriend was brought before the Mississippi Court of Appeals. The defendant claimed that his ex-girlfriend s testimony, which indicated that he had AIDS, prejudiced the jury into convicting him. The appeals court decided that the main issue of t
Because applicant lied, beneficiary can't collect.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704396; An insurance company refused to pay benefits to a beneficiary upon the death of a policy holder from AIDS-related causes. The beneficiary sued the company, but the County Circuit Court granted summary judgement to the insurance company. It was shown that the application for insurance had been completed inaccurately an
Pharmacy settles suit.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704397; A suit was filed by an HIV-positive man against a pharmacy that inadvertently disclosed his HIV status to his ex-wife and children. His ex-wife tried to use the information in a custody battle for their two children. The suit against the pharmacy was settled, but the terms of the settlement remain confidential.
New drug approved.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 2;13(18):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704398; Sustiva ( efavirenz ), a drug developed by DuPont Pharmaceuticals, is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is used in comb
Gov. Wilson vetoes California legislation for coded identifiers.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704399; California governor Pete Wilson vetoed legislation which would have created the world s largest HIV case surveillance program that uses unique identifiers. Public health experts and AIDS policy advocates had reached a consensus on a program using unique identifiers and were unhappy when the program was vetoed. As a re
Congress begins discussions on partner notification bill.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):1, 6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704400; Representatives Gary Ackerman and Tom Coburn have introduced a HIV Partner Protection Act that would identify partners who are at risk for HIV and provide them with information on appropriate treatment or counseling programs. The legislation is patterned after New York s partner notification law and requires that phys
Illinois to conduct two-year experiment with coded IDs.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704401; The Illinois Department of Public Health will begin a 2-year pilot program to test the effectiveness of tracking HIV cases using a code number system, rather than the controversial names reporting system. Data elements in the coded numbers may include gender, race, ethnicity, and portions of the patient s name and dat
Insurance claims due to AIDS plummet to 1988 levels.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704402; HIV-related life and health insurance claims have dropped to the lowest level in a decade according to a study by the American Council of Life Insurance and the Health Insurance Association of America. Claims peaked in 1994 and have dropped 39 percent in the 3 years since then. Several factors may have contributed to
Coburn presses HHS to enforce spousal notification law. Department of Health and Human Services.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704403; Representative Tom Coburn of Oklahoma is demanding that the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) investigate whether States are making good-faith efforts to comply with the spousal notification programs mandated by the Ryan White CARE Act amendments. Coburn is threatening legal action to compel enforcement of
Lawmakers reach deal to boost HOPWA funding.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704404; Congress is due to approve appropriations for the Housing Opportunities for People with AIDS program (HOPWA). Funding is expected to increase by $21 million, which is a 10 percent increase from last year. At least 95 jurisdictions will be eligible for HOPWA funding, which is 7 more than the previous year.
How to work with FMLA and ADA when granting leave.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704405; Collins CJ; Neuman AB; Proskauer Rose Law Firm, NY.; There is much confusion among employers on how to interpret rights and responsibilities under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA). In many cases, the guidelines seem contradictory. Labor attorney Christopher J. Collins says that the ADA is basically a civil rights act,
Wilson signs bills on HIV transmission, needle safety.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704406; California governor Pete Wilson has signed legislation which criminalizes the transmission of HIV, requires health care facilities to begin using safety needles, and revises HIV testing protocols. He also authorized a bill permitting the State Department of Motor Vehicles to issue a special red ribbon license plate to
Judge rules counseling law abridges lawyers' speech rights.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704407; U.S. District Judge Thomas J. McAvoy of New York struck down a Federal law that threatened lawyers with prosecution for counseling clients on how to shield assets while qualifying for Medicaid. The provision was an attempt to discourage manipulation of the Medicaid eligibility rules. The judge said the statute present
HIV ad about dentist did not constitute libel.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704408; Dr. James R. Sweet sued the Utter Co. for publishing an ad in the newspaper that advertised him as a dentist whose specialty was treating HIV-positive patients. The dentist claimed the newspaper was guilty of negligence and reckless behavior, because the newspaper did not investigate whether the claims were true. A Co
Court upholds blood bank in dispute over expert proof.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):13-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704409; A Colorado appeals court upheld summary judgment for a blood bank that was sued by a transfusion recipient who contracted HIV. Christine Smith presented no admissible proof that she would have escaped HIV infection if the Belle Bonfils Memorial Blood Center had used a method that required freezing and retesting the bl
New Jersey begins move toward new notification policy.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704410; New Jersey lawmakers are considering a bill which would require health care workers to notify the sex or needle-sharing partners of every person who tests positive for HIV. The State already requires name reporting of patients who test positive, however,
N.J. syringe swap program ceases operation after arrest.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):14-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704411; The only AIDS organization in New Jersey that openly operated a needle exchange program closed its program when the director was arrested for the second time. Diana McCague of the Chai Project was arrested in September after she and a colleague gave a package of needles to an undercover police officer. She recently lo
Cost of managed HIV care remains stable, study says.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704412; A new study by Clinical Partners, Inc. shows that antiretroviral medicines have reduced mortality without boosting health care costs. The group compared the trends of HIV treatment costs of many managed-care plans in California and Texas over several years. During the study period, mortality dropped from 5 percent per
Probation for biting.: AIDS Policy Law. 1998 Oct 16;13(19):16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704413; Daniel Ortiz, an HIV-positive man, has pleaded no contest to charges of biting and scratching two hospital workers. Ortiz has received 1 year of probation. He also has to perform 50 hours of community service, write letters of apology to the hospital employees, and take an anger-management course. Ortiz was taken to O
Witness and rememberance.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Oct;4(10):6-12, 30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704428; Jonathan Mann and Mary Lou Clements-Mann, prominent HIV/AIDS researchers, were killed in the crash of Swissair flight 111. A presentation by Jonathan Mann from the First International Conference on Healthcare Resource Allocation for HIV/AIDS and Other Life-Threatening Illnesses is reprinted, as is an excerpt from an a
Fomivirsen approved for CMV retinitis.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Oct;4(10):14-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704429; Roehr B; Fomivirsen (Vitravene) is the first antisense drug to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ), and it will be used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis. Fomivirs
Recombinant human erythropoietin for HIV-related anemia.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Oct;4(10):18-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704430; MacDougall DS; People with advanced HIV infection and anemia are at greater risk of complications from red blood cell transfusions than those who are not HIV-positive. The advent of synthetic hematopoietic growth factors has provided an alternative for managing anemia. Epoetin alfa is a recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo), whi
Antiretrovirals: reality or illusion?: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Oct;4(10):28-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704431; Mazin R; Zacarias F; Pan American Health Organization, AIDS/STD Program.; The use of antiretroviral drugs and combination therapy to treat HIV disease has been widely favored, despite obstacles such as cost, difficult dosing schedules, management of side effects, and inexperience of health practitioners in customizing treatment and counselin
The history of Sister-to-Sister: a support group for women of color.: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:23-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704432; Small L; A group of HIV-positive women in Brooklyn began meeting in 1989 to share experiences, gain information, and provide support. They called themselves the Sister-to-Sister group. Over several years the group grew in size, despite losing several members to AIDS, and it gained the sponsorship of the People with AIDS Coalit
Advice from the butt nanny: the compulsive end user's guide to anal-rectal procedures.: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:26-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704433; Courson F; A synopsis of the procedures used to diagnose and treat maladies of the rectum is outlined. A description of the functions of the muscle group involved and its interaction with other body activities is detailed. It is advised that following any procedures, a patient should take the necessary time to recuperate, in ord
The rules for successful HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy).: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704434; Deciding to take anti-HIV drug therapy is a big commitment that includes following prescribed dosages over an indefinite period of time. A series of thought processes that one should go through prior to making the commitment to drug therapy is outlined. Adherence to drug dosages and schedules is important to prevent v
Efavirenz newly approved.: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704435; The FDA recently approved efavirenz ( Sustiva , DMP 266), which is a powerful anti-HIV drug when used in combination therapy .
Twice-a-day Crixivan study discontinued.: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704436; Merck & Co. has recommended that patients taking the twice-daily dosage of the protease inhibitor Crixivan , in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors, switch to a regimen of 800 mg every 8 hours, or three
Hepatitis vaccine.: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:31-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704437; Hepatitis, the swelling or inflammation of the liver, is caused by a viral infection. The most common causes are the Hepatitis A virus, the Hepatitis B virus, or the Hepatitis C virus. There are vaccines available for Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B, and these vaccines are strongly encouraged for those who are at risk for
FDA panel backs Glaxo Wellcome drug for use in treating chronic hepatitis B. Food and Drug Administration.: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704438; The Food and Drug Administration has recommended the approval of Glaxo Wellcome s drug, Epivir-HBV ( 3TC ) for treating chronic hepatitis B infection. If the approval goes forward, this would be the first anti-HIV drug approved for hepatitis B infection
NJ tracks graying of AIDS.: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704439; An increasing number of AIDS cases in New Jersey are being identified in people over the age of 50. There are many explanations for this growing population. One explanation is that more older people are being tested for HIV. Also, older people are less likely to protect themselves from the virus, since they do not ten
Prison legal matters: is prison neglect creating super HIV?: PWA Newsline. 1998 Oct-Nov;:34-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704440; Rodrigues T; Prisoners from the California Department of Corrections (CDoC) system have complained that they are unable to adhere to their anti-HIV treatments because medical personnel are not helping them receive the necessary medications. The prison system appears to be ignoring the need for continuous treatment, which has publi
U.S. testosterone shortage: call for information.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Nov 6;(No 306):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704441; Tobias T; James JS; There is a nationwide shortage of certain injectable testosterone products following FDA actions against Steris Laboratories Inc., a division of Schein Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The FDA seized large stocks of the drugs at Steris Laboratories and shut down manufacturing, alleging that the
Abacavir (Ziagen) approval recommended.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Nov 6;(No 306):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704442; The FDA Antiviral Drug Products Advisory Committee recommended accelerated approval for abacavir . The most important trial compared abacavir plus AZT
Efavirenz (Sustiva) available through patient assistance program.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Nov 6;(No 306):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704443; Several States have not added efavirenz ( Sustiva ) to their AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP) formularies, due to concerns that high prices of efavirenz and other drugs could make it
New TB guidelines for persons with HIV.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Nov 6;(No 306):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704444; The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued new guidelines for preventing and treating tuberculosis (TB) in persons with HIV. The guidelines recommend that all people with HIV be tested for TB and be treated if necessary. Also, the drug Rifampin, which can be used to treat TB, should not be used with
Record AIDS funding from outgoing Congress.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Nov 6;(No 306):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704445; James JS; AIDS funding for fiscal year 1999 saw large increases in Congress, according to the AIDS Action Council. Increases included funds to fight the epidemic in the African-American community, ADAP funding increases, overall funding for research programs, and substance abuse treatment and prevention programs. AIDS Action Co
California: Medicaid expansion needs quick attention after the election.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Nov 6;(No 306):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704446; James JS; Medicaid is the largest provider of health care for persons with AIDS, but to be eligible, persons must have a low income and be sick enough to be declared disabled. It is more beneficial for people with HIV to be treated earlier, but there is no proof that earlier treatment would actually cost less than the current p
California ADAP update.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Nov 6;(No 306):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704447; A change in the California AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP) led many people to believe that they were no longer eligible to participate in the program. Many of these people are still eligible, however Federal regulations now require that clients re-apply annually. The ADAP system has been revised to make it easier
First once-daily drug simplifies dosing, offers new options in HIV-1 treatment.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Nov;13(11):121-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704448; Efavirenz ( Sustiva ) is the first once-daily dosing anti-HIV drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) is highly pot
New CMV drug won't replace other therapies.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Nov;13(11):124-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704449; Injectable fomivirsen (Vitravene) showed promise in premarketing clinical trials of AIDS patients with advanced cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis. Isis Pharmaceuticals says the drug works by
New HIV strain could pose public-health concerns.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Nov;13(11):126-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704450; A new HIV strain has been identified. The new strain, which is largely concentrated in Cameroon and neighboring countries, does not seem to have immediate public-health consequences, but it does provide more information about the origins of HIV. Cameroon has many simian and prosi
OSHA targets reducing needlesticks among HCWs. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Nov;13(11):128-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704451; The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) set a deadline for receiving information on engineering practices that have reduced the number of percutaneous injuries among health care workers. California leads the nation in efforts to reduce these accidents; the State requires the use of safer needle device
New report calls for universal testing of pregnant women. Institute of Medicine.: World. 1998 Nov;(No 91):2-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704452; A report published by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends that all pregnant women be tested for HIV unless they request otherwise. Because of studies which found that treatment with Zidovudine (ZDV, AZT ) during pregnancy reduces perinatal trans
Tips for taking Norvir (Ritonavir) oral solution.: World. 1998 Nov;(No 91):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704453; Fonken D; Children's Memorial Hospital, Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials; Unit, Chicago, IL.; The Norvir ( Ritonavir ) capsules which are currently available will soon be in short supply. A list of 21 suggestions has been compiled to assist children and adults in making the oral
New study of Fortovase (Saquinavir) in women.: World. 1998 Nov;(No 91):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704454; NR 15750 is a new study of Fortovase (Saquinavir) which will: investigate the results of combination therapy with Fortovase in women versus men, measure drug interactions between Fortovase and the birth control pill, and assess levels of viral load in vaginal discharge
Hearing our voices: assessing HIV prevention needs among Asian and Pacific Islander women.: J Transcult Nurs. 1999 Apr;10(2):102-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99405056; Jemmott LS; Maula EC; Bush E; University of Pennsylvania, USA.; The purpose of this study was to (a) assess the impact of HIV/AIDS on the Asian-Pacific Islander (API) community and changes in their behavior due to AIDS, (b) identify perception of risk, HIV risk behaviors, factors contributing to those behaviors, barriers to HIV prevention, and the types of prevention programs that
Design of a "microbicide" for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases using "inactive" pharmaceutical excipients.: Biologicals. 1999 Mar;27(1):11-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99373203; Neurath AR; Strick N; Li YY; Lin K; Jiang S; The New York Blood Center, 310 E. 67th St, New York, NY, 10021,; USA.; The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) pandemic has been driven primarily by the sexual transmission of the virus, and facilitated by prior infections with other sexually transmitted disease (STD) pathogens. Although treatment of these STDs has been proposed as a means to decrease the rate of HIV-1 sexual transmissi
Cytomegalovirus infection. Regulation of inflammation.: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1999 Aug;21(2):150-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99353864; Hunninghake GW; Monick MM; Geist LJ; University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.; gary-hunninghake@uiowa.edu
Intracellular signalling pathways induced by chemokines in natural killer cells.: Cell Signal. 1999 Jun;11(6):385-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99325898; Maghazachi AA; Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,; University of Oslo, Blindern, Norway.; azzam.maghazachi@basalmed.uio.no; Chemokines are small peptides involved in the recruitment of various cell types into inflammatory sites. They are divided into four sub-families depending on the presence of amino acids separating the cysteine residues in their N-terminal region. These are the alpha (CXC), beta (CC), gamma (C) and delta (CX)C) chemoki
Nuclear c-Abl is a COOH-terminal repeated domain (CTD)-tyrosine (CTD)-tyrosine kinase-specific for the mammalian RNA polymerase II: possible role in transcription elongation.: Cell Growth Differ. 1999 Jun;10(6):387-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99320071; Baskaran R; Escobar SR; Wang JY; Department of Biology, Center for Molecular Genetics, University; of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0322, USA.; The c-Abl tyrosine kinase has been shown to interact with the COOH-terminal repeated domain (CTD) of mammalian RNA polymerase II and can phosphorylate the tyrosine residues in the CTD. Interestingly, the Drosophila or the yeast CTD were not efficiently phosphorylated by the mammalian c-Abl. This species-specificity wa
Characterization of the solution conformations of unbound and Tat peptide-bound forms of HIV-1 TAR RNA.: Biochemistry. 1999 Aug 3;38(31):10059-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99364983; Long KS; Crothers DM; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; 06520-8107, USA.; Basic peptides from the carboxy terminus of the HIV-1 Tat protein bind to the apical stem-loop region of TAR RNA with high affinity and moderate specificity. The conformations of the unbound and 24 residue Tat peptide (Tfr24)-bound forms of TAR RNA have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The unbound form of TAR e
Monomer-dimer equilibrium constants of RNA in the dimer initiation site of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: Biochemistry. 1999 Aug 3;38(31):10147-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99364993; Shubsda MF; McPike MP; Goodisman J; Dabrowiak JC; Department of Chemistry, Center for Science and Technology,; Syracuse University, New York 13224-4100, USA.; The genome of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exists as a dimer of two identical RNA molecules hydrogen bonded to each other near their 5 ends. The dimer, known to be important for viral infectivity, is formed by two monomers interacting through a stem-loop structure called the dimer initiation site (DIS). An
Backbone dynamics of the N-terminal domain of the HIV-1 capsid protein and comparison with the G94D mutant conferring cyclosporin resistance/dependence.: Biochemistry. 1999 Aug 10;38(32):10262-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99371669; Campos-Olivas R; Summers MF; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and; Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County 21250, USA.; Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (15)N relaxation methods have been used to characterize the backbone dynamics of the N-terminal core domain of the HIV-1 capsid protein (CA(151)). The domain, which has an unusually flat, triangular shape, tumbles in solution at 28 degrees C with an effective rotational correlation tim
The cell cycle effects and induction of apoptosis by 5-bromouridine in cultures of human leukaemic MOLT-4 and HL-60 cell lines and mitogen-stimulated normal lymphocytes.: Cell Prolif. 1994 Jun;27(6):307-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392688; Li X; Patel R; Melamed MR; Darzynkiewicz Z; The Cancer Research Institute and Department of Pathology, New; York Medical College, Valhalla, USA.; 5-Bromouridine (BrUrd) and several analogues of this antimetabolite exhibit antiviral activity and are potent inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus. The antitumour activity of BrUrd, however, in comparison with 5-fluorouridine or 5-fluorouracil, is less pronounced. Because BrUrd is incorporated into RNA and c
Failure of exogenously administered interferon-gamma or blockage of endogenous interleukin-4 with specific inhibitors to augment the incidence of autoimmune diabetes in male NOD mice.: Autoimmunity. 1999;30(2):71-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362072; Xiang M; Zaccone P; Di Marco R; Harris R; Magro G; Di Mauro M; Meroni PL; Garotta G; Nicoletti F; Institute of Microbiology, University of Catania, Italy.; Interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-4 are prototypic type 1 and type 2 cytokines which are known to play pathogenetic and protective roles, respectively, in NOD mouse IDDM. The capacity of male NOD mice to produce more IL-4 and less IFN-gamma within the insulitic lesions than females has been suggested to cont
ERV-3 envelope expression and congenital heart block: what does a physiological knockout teach us.: Autoimmunity. 1999;30(2):81-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362073; de Parseval N; Forrest G; Venables PJ; Heidmann T; Unite Retrovirus Endogenes et Elements Retroides des; Eucaryotes Superieurs, CNRS UMR 1573, Institut Gustave Roussy,; Villejuif, France.; Congenital heart block is a serious condition with significant mortality due in most cases to the transplacental transfer of autoantibodies from an otherwise asymptomatic mother. Although SSA/Ro and SSB/La autoantibodies have been implicated, attention has focused recently on autoantibodies to envelope proteins of end
A synthetic peptide derived from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 downregulates the expression and function of chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 in monocytes by activating the 7-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor FPRL1/LXA4R.: Blood. 1999 Aug 15;94(4):1165-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369662; Deng X; Ueda H; Su SB; Gong W; Dunlop NM; Gao JL; Murphy PM; Wang JM; Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Division of Basic; Sciences, Intramural Research Support Program, SAIC Frederick,; National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and; Development Center, Frederick, MD, USA.; Because envelope gp120 of various strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) downregulates the expression and function of a variety of chemoattractant receptors through a process of heterologous desensitization, we investigated whether epitopes derived from gp120 could mimic the effect. A synthetic peptide
Low levels of hepatitis C virus RNA in serum, plasma, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of injecting drug users during long antibody-undetectable periods before seroconversion.: Blood. 1999 Aug 15;94(4):1183-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369664; Beld M; Penning M; van Putten M; van den Hoek A; Damen M; Klein MR; Goudsmit J; Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Department of; Human Retrovirology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Screening of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) is widely used for monitoring the prevalence of HCV infections and to assess HCV infectivity. Among HCV-infected individuals in the general population, the interval between the detection of HCV RNA and the development of HCV antibodies is usually 5 to 6 weeks, but in
Legal trends in bioethics.: J Clin Ethics. 1999 Spring;10(1):66-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99322844; Forster HP; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and School of; Law, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Molecular basis of HIV-1 TAR RNA specific recognition by an acridine tat-antagonist.: Bioorg Med Chem. 1999 Jun;7(6):1075-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99355330; Gelus N; Hamy F; Bailly C; INSERM Unite 524, IRCL, Lille, France.; We investigated the interaction of a highly potent acridine-based tat-antagonist with the TAR RNA of HIV-1. The wild type TAR RNA and three mutants with U-->C23, G x C-->C x G26-39 or G x C-->A x U26-39 substitutions were used as substrates to study the molecular basis of drug-TAR RNA complex formation. Melting temper
Inhibition of HIV-1 Tat-TAR interaction by diphenylfuran derivatives: effects of the terminal basic side chains.: Bioorg Med Chem. 1999 Jun;7(6):1089-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99355332; Gelus N; Bailly C; Hamy F; Klimkait T; Wilson WD; Boykin DW; INSERM Unite 524 et Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Antitumorale du; Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France.; A series of four biscationic diphenylfuran derivatives was used to investigate drug binding to the transactivation response element (TAR) RNA. The drugs, which are active against the Pneumocystis carinii pathogen (PCP), differ by the nature of the terminal basic side chains. Furimidazoline (DB60) is more potent at inh
Docking experiments in the flexible non-nucleoside inhibitor binding pocket of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99355342; Titmuss SJ; Keller PA; Griffith R; Docking experiments were undertaken using a number of published crystal structures of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase complexes with various non-nucleoside inhibitors. The docking method was validated by successfully docking each ligand, in the conformation found in the crystal structure of the complex with the enzyme, ba
Psychiatric patients and HIV.: Psychiatr Serv. 1999 Apr;50(4):487. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226710; Chung JY; Suarez AP; Zarin DA; Pincus HA; Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC, USA.
HIV risk factors among people with severe mental illness in urban and rural areas.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226723; Brunette MF; Rosenberg SD; Goodman LA; Mueser KT; Osher FC; Vidaver R; Auciello P; Wolford GL; Drake RE; New Hampshire-Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center and; Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord; 03301, USA. mary.f.brunette@dartmouth.edu; No studies have reported HIV risk behavior in rural populations with severe mental illness. A total of 84 rural patients with severe mental illness in New Hampshire and 158 urban patients in Baltimore were interviewed about their HIV risk behavior in the past six months using the Risk Assessment Battery, a 38-item str
NMS and HIV [letter]: Psychiatr Serv. 1999 Apr;50(4):564. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226726; Horwath E; Cournos F
ASHP Therapeutic Guidelines for Nonsurgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists [see comments]: Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1999 Jun 15;56(12):1201-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99314944
S-nitrosylation of proteins.: Cell Mol Life Sci. 1999 Jul;55(8-9):1036-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370675; Broillet MC; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, Universite de; Lausanne, Switzerland. marie-christine.broillet@ipharm.unil.ch; The transfer of a nitric oxide group to cysteine sulfhydryls on proteins, known as S-nitrosylation, is increasingly becoming recognized as a ubiquitous regulatory reaction comparable to phosphorylation. It represents a form of redox modulation in diverse tissues, including the brain. An increasing number of proteins h
Cellulose granulomatosis of the lungs.: Eur Radiol. 1999;9(6):1203-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99346325; Diaz-Ruiz MJ; Gallardo X; Castaner E; Mata JM; Catala J; Ferreres JC; Department of Radiology, Consorci Hospitalari del Parc Tauli,; Sabadell, Spain.; Chest radiographs and high-resolution chest CT scans were performed in a 30-year-old man with a history of intravenous drug abuse and diffuse micronodular infiltrates. Transbronchial biopsy gave a diagnosis of cellulose granulomatosis of the lung. Cellulose granulomatosis should be considered in the differential diagn
Motor evoked potentials in a rhesus macaque model of neuro-AIDS.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Jun;5(3):217-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341462; Raymond LA; Wallace D; Marcario JK; Raghavan R; Narayan O; Foresman LL; Berman NE; Cheney PD; Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of; Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160, USA.; Previous work using bone marrow passaged SIVmac239 (simian immunodeficiency virus) has shown that macrophage tropic strains of this virus enter the rhesus macaque brain early following inoculation (Sharma et al, 1992; Desrosiers et al, 1991; Zhu et al, 1995; and Narayan et al, 1997). As part of an effort to more fully
Viral load and neuropathology in the SIV model.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Jun;5(3):232-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341463; Boche D; Khatissian E; Gray F; Falanga P; Montagnier L; Hurtrel B; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; To investigate neuropathological processes involved in HIV infection, a longitudinal analysis of central nervous system (CNS) changes was performed using the SIV-infected macaque model. Five animals were studied during the early phase and 13 during the asymptomatic and symptomatic phases. Histopathological analyses we
Detection of human T-lymphotropic virus type I p40tax protein in cerebrospinal fluid cells from patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Jun;5(3):241-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341464; Moritoyo T; Izumo S; Moritoyo H; Tanaka Y; Kiyomatsu Y; Nagai M; Usuku K; Sorimachi M; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.; We investigated the role of viral transcripts of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). To detect the HTLV-I p40ta
Modulation of acute coronavirus-induced encephalomyelitis in gamma-irradiated rats by transfer of naive lymphocyte subsets before infection.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Jun;5(3):249-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341465; Schwender S; Hein A; Imrich H; Czub S; Dorries R; Zentrallabor der Medizinischen Klinik, University of Wurzburg,; Germany.; Clinical course, recovery of infectious virus from brain tissue and histopathology of the central nervous system were examined in gamma-irradiated Lewis rats reconstituted by naive lymphocytes before infection with coronavirus MHV-4 (strain JHM). Up to 9 days past infection, no differences were seen between immunologi
Suppression of PrP(Sc)- and HIV-1 gp120 induced neuronal cell death by sulfated colominic acid.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Jun;5(3):289-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341469; Ushijima H; Perovic S; Leuck J; Rytik PG; Muller WE; Schroder HC; Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of; Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.; The scrapie prion protein (PrP(Sc)) has been shown to induce apoptosis of rat cortical neurons in vitro. Here we demonstrate that the toxic effect displayed by PrP(Sc) can be blocked by sulfated colominic acid (polymer of N-acetylneuraminic acid). This compound acts neuroprotectively at a concentration of > or = 0.3 m
Chronic systemic administration of tumor necrosis factor alpha and HIV gp120: effects on adult rodent brain and blood-brain barrier.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Jun;5(3):314-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341472; Petito CK; Adkins B; Tracey K; Roberts B; Torres-Munoz J; McCarthy M; Czeisler C; Department of Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; Florida, USA.; Since tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and HIV gpl20 glycoprotein are both neurotoxic, the possibility that systemic sources of these two agents mediate AIDS-associated blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and brain damage was tested in two murine models: (1) intramuscular implantation of a TNF-alpha-transfected
Detection and quasispecies analysis of hepatitis C virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Jun;5(3):319-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341473; Maggi F; Giorgi M; Fornai C; Morrica A; Vatteroni ML; Pistello M; Siciliano G; Nuccorini A; Bendinelli M; Department of Biomedicine, University of Pisa, Italy.; Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of liver damage and has also been implicated in extrahepatic pathologies. We examined for HCV RNA paired CSF and plasma samples from 12 viremia positive patients using PCR. The CSF from 5/5 HIV-infected patients and 5/7 HIV-negative patients were HCV RNA positive. Branched DN
Reduced risk of AIDS lymphoma in individuals heterozygous for the CCR5-delta32 mutation.: Cancer Res. 1999 Aug 1;59(15):3561-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99374627; Dean M; Jacobson LP; McFarlane G; Margolick JB; Jenkins FJ; Howard OM; Dong HF; Goedert JJ; Buchbinder S; Gomperts E; Vlahov D; Oppenheim JJ; O'Brien SJ; Carrington M; Laboratories of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA.; Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) has been increasing in frequency in the industrialized world, but the environmental and genetic factors that contribute to susceptibility are not known. B-cell lymphomas represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals. The identification of a deletion in the
Synthesis of sulfated oligosaccharide glycosides having high anti-HIV activity and the relationship between activity and chemical structure.: Carbohydr Res. 1999 Feb 28;315(3-4):234-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327495; Katsuraya K; Nakashima H; Yamamoto N; Uryu T; Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.; Sulfated laminara-oligosaccharide glycosides having high anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activities were synthesized from laminara-tetraose, -pentaose and -hexaose. The oligosaccharide glycosides were synthesized by treating peracetylated beta-oligosaccharides with various alcohols and Lewis acid catalysts. Th
Nasal administration of transforming growth factor-beta1 induces dendritic cells and inhibits protracted-relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.: Mult Scler. 1999 Jun;5(3):184-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335204; Ishikawa M; Jin Y; Guo H; Link H; Xiao BG; Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.; Cytokines have a crucial role in initiation and perturbation of EAE that represents an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Administration of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) to EAE mice improves clinical EAE and prevents relapses by unknown mechanisms. Administering low doses of TGF-beta1 nasally, we
Pneumococcal disease and the role of conjugate vaccines.: Microb Drug Resist. 1999 Summer;5(2):147-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359234; Klein DL; Respiratory Diseases Branch, DMID/NIAID, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. DK27A@nih.gov
Strategies for cohort sampling under the Cox proportional hazards model, application to an AIDS clinical trial.: Lifetime Data Anal. 1999 Jun;5(2):149-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99336525; Kim S; De Gruttola V; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115, USA. skim@sdac.harvard.edu; In some studies that relate covariates to times of failure it is not feasible to observe all covariates for all subjects. For example, some covariates may be too costly in terms of time, money, or effect on the subject to record for all subjects. This paper considers the relative efficiencies of several designs for sa
[Pneumocystosis: progress in diagnosis and treatment]: Pol Merkuriusz Lek. 1999 May;6(35):286-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99366457; Ulewicz-Filipowicz J; Owczuk R; Schally-Kacprzak A; Kliniki Pediatrii, Hematologii, Onkologii i Endokrynologii; Akademii Medycznej w Gdansku.; In the paper we have presented taxonomy of Pneumocystis carinii, the way of infection transmission and risk factors for pneumocystosis. The clinical picture, contemporary treatment and prophylaxis methods, especially in HIV-positive patients have been described too. We have taken into consideration the problem of rein
Caspases in T-cell receptor-induced thymocyte apoptosis.: Cell Death Differ. 1999 May;6(5):402-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310941; Jiang D; Zheng L; Lenardo MJ; Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of; Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892-1892, USA.; Apoptosis eliminates inappropriate or autoreactive T lymphocytes during thymic development. Intracellular mediators involved in T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated apoptosis in developing thymocytes during negative selection are therefore of great interest. Caspases, cysteine proteases that mediate mature T-cell apoptosis,
Dynamic correlation of apoptosis and immune activation during treatment of HIV infection.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310943; Badley AD; Parato K; Cameron DW; Kravcik S; Phenix BN; Ashby D; Kumar A; Lynch DH; Tschopp J; Angel JB; T cells from HIV infected patients undergo spontaneous apoptosis at a faster rate than those from uninfected patients, are abnormally susceptible to activation induced cell death (AICD), and undergo increased apoptosis in response to Fas receptor ligation. These observations have led to the hypothesis CD4 T cell apopt
Cost-effectiveness analysis of alternative factor VIII products in treatment of haemophilia A.: Haemophilia. 1999 May;5(3):191-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99373681; Hay JW; Ernst RL; Kessler CM; Department of Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy, School of; Pharmacy, University of Southern California, USA.; Manufactured factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates of varying purity are available for managing patients with haemophilia A. This study is a cost-effectiveness analysis of ultra-high purity and recombinant (UHP/R) FVIII products relative to intermediate and very-high purity (IP/VHP) preparations. Because the societal (incl
Virus-associated vasculitides [editorial]: Rheumatology (Oxford). 1999 Jul;38(7):588-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99390570; Guillevin L
Failure of HIV-1 to infect human oocytes directly.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):355-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385797; Baccetti B; Benedetto A; Collodel G; Crisa N; di Caro A; Garbuglia AR; Piomboni P; Institute of General Biology, University of Sienna, Italy.; Baccetti@unisi.it; In this study, the susceptibility of mature human oocytes to HIV-1 infection has been investigated. We exposed in vitro human oocytes of healthy women using inocula of cell-free HIV-1. We also tested for the presence of HIV-1-specific receptor molecules on the surface of these cells. By applying polymerase chain react
Abacavir and mycophenolic acid, an inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, have profound and synergistic anti-HIV activity.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):362-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385798; Margolis D; Heredia A; Gaywee J; Oldach D; Drusano G; Redfield R; University of Maryland Institute of Human Virology, Department of; Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore 21201, USA.; The use of inhibitors of purine nucleoside metabolism has been advocated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Abacavir is the first clinically available guanosine analogue HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, and the most potent nucleoside analogue
Cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA and drug levels with combination ritonavir and saquinavir.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):371-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385799; Kravcik S; Gallicano K; Roth V; Cassol S; Hawley-Foss N; Badley A; Cameron DW; Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, General Campus Ottawa,; Ontario, Canada. skravcik@ogh.on.ca; Combination antiretroviral therapy with ritonavir and saquinavir has established potent and durable activity on plasma viremia. CNS HIV infection may be sequestered from drug therapy that does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Penetration of thes
Immune function and phenotype before and after highly active antiretroviral therapy.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):376-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385800; Sondergaard SR; Aladdin H; Ullum H; Gerstoft J; Skinhoj P; Pedersen BK; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of; Copenhagen, Denmark.; Immune functions represented by equal CD4 counts before and after highly active antiretroviral therapy (i.e., pre- and post-HAART) in the same HIV-infected patients, were examined. Twelve HIV-infected patients were included. Patients had equal CD4 counts pre- and post-HAART and were studied on average 30 months pre-HA
Antiviral therapy for HIV patients with renal insufficiency.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):384-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385801; Jayasekara D; Aweeka FT; Rodriguez R; Kalayjian RC; Humphreys MH; Gambertoglio JG; University of California, San Francisco, USA.; Patients with HIV infection and HIV-related opportunistic infections are treated extensively with a spectrum of drugs. Introduction of new antiretroviral drugs, such as protease inhibitors and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in addition to nucleoside
Obstacles to needle exchange participation in Rhode Island.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385802; Rich JD; Strong L; Towe CW; McKenzie M; OBJECTIVE: This study explores obstacles to participation in needle exchange programs (NEPs) among injection drug users (IDUs) in the state of Rhode Island, U.S.A. METHODS: A written questionnaire was administered at two Rhode Island drug detoxification sites in 1998. RESULTS: 488 self-administered surveys were comple
Changes in AIDS-defining illnesses in a London Clinic, 1987-1998.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):401-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385803; Mocroft A; Sabin CA; Youle M; Madge S; Tyrer M; Devereux H; Deayton J; Dykhoff A; Lipman MC; Phillips AN; Johnson MA; Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free; Centre for HIV Medicine, Royal Free and University College; Medical School, University College London, England.; amanda@rfhsm.ac.uk; OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses within a single large clinic setting, to describe temporal changes over a 10-year period in the overall incidence and of individual AIDS-defining illnesses and to investigate the impact of HIV treatment regimen on the incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses
Incident HIV infection in a high-risk, homosexual, male cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):408-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385804; Harrison LH; do Lago RF; Friedman RK; Rodrigues J; Santos EM; de Melo MF; Moulton LH; Schechter M; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University Pittsburgh; Graduate School of Public Health, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.; lharriso@edc.grsph.pitt.edu; An HIV seroincidence study was conducted to identify a high-risk population for HIV prevention trials. Inclusion criteria were male gender, homosexual behavior, age between 18 and 50 years, and negative HIV serostatus; 862 study subjects were screened and 753 were enrolled and observed during follow-up for a mean of 1
Belief of vaccine receipt in HIV vaccine trials: further cautions.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):413-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385805; Johnson MO; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco 94105, USA.; The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine relationships between belief in vaccine receipt, motivations for trial participation, and side effects in phase 1 vaccine trials. Anonymous questionnaires were completed by 125 active vaccine volunteers at two vaccine evaluation sites. Participants believing the
Home collection versus publicly funded HIV testing in San Francisco: who tests where?: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):417-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385806; McQuitty M; McFarland W; Kellogg TA; White E; Katz MH; San Francisco Department of Public Health, California, USA.; We examined records of all HIV antibody tests performed at anonymous publicly funded (PF) sites and by home collection (HC) testing for residents of San Francisco from August 1996 to December 1997. Although far fewer tests were performed by HC testing than at PF sites (715 versus 8712, respectively), a higher proporti
Lipid abnormalities during saquinavir soft-gel-based highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):423-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385807; Moyle GJ; Baldwin C
Hydroxyurea as part of a salvage regimen for heavily pretreated patients with advanced HIV infection [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):424-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385808; Grunke M; Dechant C; Low P; Rascu A; Kalden JR; Harrer T
Inappropriate model-fitting methods may lead to significant underestimates of viral decay rates in HIV dynamic studies [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Aug 15;21(5):426-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385809; Wu H; Ruan P; Ding AA; Sullivan JL; Luzuriaga K
Killing of gram-negative bacteria by ciprofloxacin within both healthy human neutrophils and neutrophils with inactivated O2-dependent bactericidal mechanisms.: Chemotherapy. 1999 Jul-Aug;45(4):268-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99323852; Canton E; Peman J; Cabrera E; Velert M; Orero A; Pastor A; Gobernado M; Servicio de Microbiologia, Centro de Investigacion, Hospital; Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain.; The intraphagocytic killing of Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi by ciprofloxacin (0.1, 1 and 5 microg/ml) within human neutrophils with intact and impaired (by phenylbutazone treatment) O2-dependent killing mechanisms was studied and compared with the extracellular ki
Induction of CD69 antigen on normal CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets and its relationship with the phenotype of responding T-cells.: Cytometry. 1999 Jun 15;38(3):95-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99323456; Rutella S; Rumi C; Lucia MB; Barberi T; Puggioni PL; Lai M; Romano A; Cauda R; Leone G; Department of Hematology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.; srutell@tin.it; We evaluated phenotype and apoptotic status of normal CD4+CD69+ and CD8+CD69+ peripheral blood T-lymphocytes after short-term challenge with escalating concentrations of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The frequency of CD69-coexpressing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and CD69 staining intensity increased following T-cell mitogenic s
Negative HIV-specific expectancies and AIDS-related bereavement as predictors of symptom onset in asymptomatic HIV-positive gay men.: Health Psychol. 1999 Jul;18(4):354-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99358883; Reed GM; Kemeny ME; Taylor SE; Visscher BR; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, School of; Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1563, USA.; This study examined negative HIV-related expectancies, AIDS-related bereavement, and the interaction of expectancies and bereavement as predictors of the onset of significant HIV-related symptoms among previously asymptomatic HIV-positive gay men. From a longitudinal psychobiological investigation, 72 men were selecte
Expression of CD69 on T-cells from HIV-1-infected children and adolescents increases with increasing viral load.: Eur J Pediatr. 1999 Aug;158(8):638-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372514; Bohler T; Walcher J; Holzl-Wenig G; Schnitzler P; Geiss M; Buchholz B; Linde R; Rutschle H; Debatin KM; Division of Molecular Oncology, German Cancer Research Centre,; Heidelberg.; We evaluated the use of a whole-blood assay that measures spontaneous and activation-induced CD69 expression on peripheral blood T-cells in vitro for assessment of T-cell function in HIV-1-infected paediatric patients. Heparinized venous blood from 28 HIV-1 positive children and adolescents and 23 healthy controls was
Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus co-infection in two siblings: viral loads markedly reduced by triple-therapy including lamivudine [letter]: Eur J Pediatr. 1999 Aug;158(8):687-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372528; Horneff G; Niehues T; Adams O; Braunstein S; Wahn V
Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium avium complex isolated from patients with and without AIDS in Brazil and England.: Epidemiol Infect. 1999 Jun;122(3):435-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387403; Telles MA; Yates MD; Curcio M; Ueki SY; Palaci M; Hadad DJ; Drobniewski FA; Pozniak AL; Secao Micobacterias, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.; Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is ubiquitous throughout the world. It is an opportunistic pathogen in AIDS patients but the number of cases in HIV negative patients is also increasing. The aim of this study was to determine whether patients were being infected with different MAC strains or whether one strain was do
Glucocorticoid modulation of gp120-induced effects on calcium-dependent degenerative events in primary hippocampal and cortical cultures.: Exp Neurol. 1999 Jul;158(1):164-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377537; Howard SA; Nakayama AY; Brooke SM; Sapolsky RM; Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University,; California 94305, USA.; The HIV coat protein gp120 has been implicated in damaging the nervous system and may play a role in AIDS-related dementia complex. The glycoprotein triggers the release of a glutamatergic agent from infected microglia and macrophages, causing NMDA receptor- and calcium-dependent e
IL-12 receptor beta2 and CD30 expression in paranasal sinus mucosa of patients with chronic sinusitis.: Eur Respir J. 1999 May;13(5):1008-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341347; Suzuki H; Goto S; Ikeda K; Oshima T; Furukawa M; Takasaka T; Dept of Otolaryngology, Sendai National Hospital, Japan.; The aetiology of chronic sinusitis is still poorly understood. The expression of T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) cell markers, interleukin (IL)-12 receptor beta2 subunit (IL-12Rbeta2) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and CD30, respectively, were investigated in the paranasal sinus mucosa of patients with chroni
Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by a two-strand system (FTFOs) targeted to the polypurine tract.: FEBS Lett. 1999 Jul 30;456(1):186-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379624; Hiratou T; Tsukahara S; Miyano-Kurosaki N; Takai K; Yamamoto N; Takaku H; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Chiba Institute of; Technology, Narashino, Japan.; Reverse transcription of HIV-1 vRNA into the double-stranded DNA provirus involves initiation of plus-strand DNA synthesis at the polypurine tract (PPT) by reverse transcriptase (RT). The PPT is highly conserved among the known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) strains and is a possible target for triplex formation
Occurrence of an HIV-1 gp160 endoproteolytic activity in low-density vesicles and evidence for a distinct density distribution from endogenously expressed furin and PC7/LPC convertases.: FEBS Lett. 1999 Jul 30;456(1):97-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379607; Wouters S; Decroly E; Vandenbranden M; Shober D; Fuchs R; Morel V; Leruth M; Seidah NG; Courtoy PJ; Ruysschaert JM; Laboratoire de Chimie Physique des Macromolecules aux; Interfaces, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.; swouters@ulb.ac; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) glycoprotein (gp) 160 processing by host cell proteinases is an essential step for viral fusion and infectivity. We have identified a rat liver subcellular fraction which specifically processes gp160 into gp120 and gp41. Using equilibration of microsomes in sucrose gradients, the gp1
Recognizing and caring for the medically compromised child: 3. Disorders affecting the gastro-intestinal tract and human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Dent Update. 1998 Dec;25(10):467-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99407396; Barnard K; Challacombe S; Johnstone S; King's Dental Institute & Chelsea and Westminster Hospital,; London.; Oral manifestations of gastro-intestinal disease are commonly under-diagnosed. This paper is the third in the series entitled Recognizing and Caring for the Medically Compromised Child and seeks to facilitate the process of diagnosis and management of disorders affecting the gastro-intestinal tract in terms of both
Orofacial disease: update for the dental clinical team: 1. Diagnosis and management of orofacial disease.: Dent Update. 1998 Nov;25(9):425-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99407425; Scully C; Porter S; Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences,; University of London.; The increasingly ageing population, advances in medical and surgical sciences, and the advent of new diseases such as infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have highlighted the importance of orofacial diseases. This article begins a new series on current thinking in the areas of orofacial medicine most
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-positive primary effusion lymphoma arising in the subarachnoid space.: Hum Pathol. 1999 Aug;30(8):981-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379582; Ely SA; Powers J; Lewis D; Chang S; Rubio A; O'Leary J; Knowles DM; Department of Pathology, The Weill Medical College and Graduate; School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University/New York; Presbyterian Hospital, New York, USA.; Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare and distinctive type of B-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) that occurs primarily, although not exclusively, in patients with AIDS. It usually develops as a lymphomatous effusion in the absence of a tumor mass, characteristically contains t
A rat gene homologous to human granule membrane protein 17 is expressed by natural killer cells, CD8(+) T cells, and a mast cell line.: Immunogenetics. 1999 Aug;49(9):815-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF082535; Berg SF; Westgaard IH; Fossum S; Dissen E; Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,; University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105 Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway.; s.f.berg@basalmed.uio.no
Organ donation awareness. It has to start somewhere.: Iowa Med. 1999 Jul-Aug;89(4):18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360139; Rosebrook J; University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA.
Non-active site changes elicit broad-based cross-resistance of the HIV-1 protease to inhibitors.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 20;274(34):23699-701. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99376990; Olsen DB; Stahlhut MW; Rutkowski CA; Schock HB; vanOlden AL; Kuo LC; Department of Antiviral Research, Merck Research Laboratories,; West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA.; Three high level, cross-resistant variants of the HIV-1 protease have been analyzed for their ability to bind four protease inhibitors approved by the Food and Drug Administration (saquinavir, ritonavir
Transferrin trojan horses as a rational approach for the biological delivery of therapeutic peptide domains.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 20;274(34):24066-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377040; Ali SA; Joao HC; Hammerschmid F; Eder J; Steinkasserer A; Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1230 Vienna,; Austria.; One novel approach for the biological delivery of peptide drugs is to incorporate the sequence of the peptide into the structure of a natural transport protein, such as human serum transferrin. To examine whether this is feasible, a peptide sequence cleavable by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (VSQNYP
Changes in serum hepatitis C virus RNA in interferon nonresponders retreated with interferon plus ribavirin: a preliminary report.: J Clin Gastroenterol. 1999 Jun;28(4):313-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99300142; Nyberg L; Albrecht J; Glue P; Gianelli G; Zambas D; Elliot M; Conrad A; McHutchison J; Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Scripps Clinic and; Research Foundation, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; Ribavirin, a nucleoside analogue, inhibits replication of RNA and DNA viruses and may control hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through modulation of anti-inflammatory and antiviral actions. Ribavirin monotherapy has no effect on serum HCV RNA levels. In combination with interferon, this agent appears to enhance the e
Fulminant herpes hepatitis in a healthy adult: a treatable disorder?: J Clin Gastroenterol. 1999 Jun;28(4):386-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99300161; Velasco M; Llamas E; Guijarro-Rojas M; Ruiz-Yague M; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario San; Carlos, Madrid, Spain.; Hepatitis due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a potentially fatal disorder that is often not considered in the differential diagnosis of acute hepatitis. This disease occurs most often in patients with impaired immunity and is very uncommon in healthy patients. HSV hepatitis presents with a wide clinical spectrum, an
Inhibition of concanavalin A-induced hepatic injury of mice by bacterial lipopolysaccharide via the induction of IL-6 and the subsequent reduction of IL-4: the cytokine milieu of concanavalin A hepatitis.: J Hepatol. 1999 Jul;31(1):18-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99351565; Nishikage T; Seki S; Toyabe S; Abo T; Kagata Y; Iwai T; Hiraide H; Division of Basic Traumatology, National Defense Medical College; Research Institute, Namiki, Tokorozawa, Japan.; BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver natural killer 1.1 antigen (NK1)+ T cells and IL-4 play a crucial role in concanavalin-A (Con-A)-induced hepatic injury in mice, and a T helper (Th) 2 immune response was thus suggested to be involved. This study was designed to examine the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a strong
Priming MHC-I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to exogenous hepatitis B surface antigen is CD4+ T cell dependent.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):1880-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369989; Wild J; Grusby MJ; Schirmbeck R; Reimann J; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ulm, Germany.; MHC-I (Ld)-restricted, S28-39-specific CTL responses are efficiently primed in H-2d BALB/c mice injected with low doses of native hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg) lipoprotein particles without adjuvants. Priming of this CTL response by exogenous HBsAg required CD4+ T cell help and IL-12: this CTL response could be nei
IL-4-transduced tumor cell vaccine induces immunoregulatory type 2 CD8 T lymphocytes that cure lung metastases upon adoptive transfer.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):1923-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369994; Rodolfo M; Zilocchi C; Accornero P; Cappetti B; Arioli I; Colombo MP; Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo; Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.; rodolfo@istitutotumori.mi.it; Vaccinations with tumor cells engineered to produce IL-4 prolonged survival and cured 30% of mice bearing pulmonary metastases, an effect abrogated by in vivo depletion of T cells. Vaccination induced type 2 T cell polarization in both CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte subsets. We focused on the antitumor activity exerted by t
Inflammatory cytokines synergize with the HIV-1 Tat protein to promote angiogenesis and Kaposi's sarcoma via induction of basic fibroblast growth factor and the alpha v beta 3 integrin.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):1929-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369995; Barillari G; Sgadari C; Palladino C; Gendelman R; Caputo A; Morris CB; Nair BC; Markham P; Nel A; Sturzl M; Ensoli B; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.; The Tat protein of HIV-1, a transactivator of viral gene expression, is released by acutely infected T cells and, in this form, exerts angiogenic activities. These have linked the protein to the pathogenesis of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), a vascular tumor frequent and aggressive in HIV-1-infected individuals (AIDS-KS). In
Intradermal delivery of IL-12 naked DNA induces systemic NK cell activation and Th1 response in vivo that is independent of endogenous IL-12 production.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):1943-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369997; Watanabe M; Fenton RG; Wigginton JM; McCormick KL; Volker KM; Fogler WE; Roessler PG; Wiltrout RH; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Division of Basic; Sciences, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and; Development Center, MD 21702-1201, USA.; In this study four murine IL-12 naked DNA expression plasmids (pIL-12), containing both the p35 and p40 subunits, were shown to induce systemic biological effects in vivo after intradermal injection. Three of the four IL-12 expression vectors augmented NK activity and induced expression of the IFN-gamma and IFN-gamma-
Partial IgA-deficiency with increased Th2-type cytokines in TGF-beta 1 knockout mice.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):1951-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369998; van Ginkel FW; Wahl SM; Kearney JF; Kweon MN; Fujihashi K; Burrows PD; Kiyono H; McGhee JR; Immunobiology Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology,; University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294, USA.; Though it has been shown that TGF-beta 1 directs B cells to switch to IgA in vitro, no studies have assessed TGF-beta 1 effects on mucosal vs systemic immunity in vivo. When the B cell functions of TGF-beta 1 gene-disrupted (TGF-beta 1-/-) mice were analyzed, significantly decreased IgA levels and increased IgG and Ig
Accelerated development and aging of the immune system in p53-deficient mice.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):1966-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370000; Ohkusu-Tsukada K; Tsukada T; Isobe K; Department of Basic Gerontology, National Institute for Longevity; Sciences, Obu, Japan.; Development and aging of the immune system lead to an accumulation of memory T cells over the long term. The predominance of T cells of the memory phenotype in the T cell population induces an age-related decline in protective immune responses. We found that development and aging of the immune system were accelerated
Point mutation causing constitutive signaling of CXCR2 leads to transforming activity similar to Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus-G protein-coupled receptor.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2017-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370006; Burger M; Burger JA; Hoch RC; Oades Z; Takamori H; Schraufstatter IU; Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, CA 92037, USA. mburger@agi.org; The chemokine receptor CXCR2 is the closest homologue to Kaposi s sarcoma herpesvirus-G protein-coupled receptor (KSHV-GPCR), which is known to be constitutively activated and able to cause oncogenic transformation. Among G protein-coupled receptors, a DRY sequence in the second intracellular loop is highly conserved.
BCL-6-deficient mice reveal an IL-4-independent, STAT6-dependent pathway that controls susceptibility to infection by Leishmania major.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2098-103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370016; Dent AL; Doherty TM; Paul WE; Sher A; Staudt LM; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, Laboratory of; Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,; USA.; The BCL-6 gene negatively regulates Th2 responses as shown by the finding that BCL-6-deficient (BCL-6-/-) mice develop a lethal Th2-type inflammatory disease. The response of inbred mouse strains to infection with Leishmania major is under genetic control; BALB/c mice are susceptible and develop a progressive parasite
Differential monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and chemokine receptor 2 expression by murine lung fibroblasts derived from Th1- and Th2-type pulmonary granuloma models.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2193-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370028; Hogaboam CM; Bone-Larson CL; Lipinski S; Lukacs NW; Chensue SW; Strieter RM; Kunkel SL; Department of Pathology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care,; University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.; hogaboam@path.med.umich.edu; Recent studies suggest that monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is involved in fibrosis through the regulation of profibrotic cytokine generation and matrix deposition. Changes in MCP-1, C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), procollagen I and III, and TGF beta were examined in fibroblasts cultured from normal lung a
Preferential localization of CD8+ alpha E beta 7+ T cells around acinar epithelial cells with apoptosis in patients with Sjogren's syndrome.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2226-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370032; Fujihara T; Fujita H; Tsubota K; Saito K; Tsuzaka K; Abe T; Takeuchi T; Department of Ophthalmology, Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo; Dental College, Chiba, Japan.; The T lymphocytes that infiltrate the exocrine glands in Sjogren s syndrome (SS) play a key role in damaging glandular epithelial cells, but the mechanisms of this damage by T lymphocytes are not fully understood. To determine the cellular basis of this phenomenon, we focused our attention on the T lymphocytes around
Newborns develop a Th1-type immune response to Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2249-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370035; Marchant A; Goetghebuer T; Ota MO; Wolfe I; Ceesay SJ; De Groote D; Corrah T; Bennett S; Wheeler J; Huygen K; Aaby P; McAdam KP; Newport MJ; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia.; amarchant@mrc.gm; Data obtained in animals indicate that neonatal immune responses are biased toward Th2. This could reduce the efficacy of vaccines against viral and mycobacterial diseases. The ability of human newborns to develop a Th1 immune response upon immunization has not been studied. Since the vaccine Mycobacterium bovis bacil
In vivo kinetics of transduced cells in peripheral T cell-directed gene therapy: role of CD8+ cells in improved immunological function in an adenosine deaminase (ADA)-SCID patient.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2256-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370036; Kawamura N; Ariga T; Ohtsu M; Kobayashi I; Yamada M; Tame A; Furuta H; Okano M; Egashira M; Niikawa N; Kobayashi K; Sakiyama Y; Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University School of Medicine,; Sapporo, Japan. nobu-ka@med.hokudai.ac.jp; We previously reported successful peripheral T cell-directed gene therapy in a boy with adenosine deaminase (ADA)-SCID. In the present study, to better understand the reconstitutive effect of this gene therapy on his immunological system, we investigated the in vivo kinetics and functional subsets of T cells in PBL. A
Coexpression of CCR5 and IL-2 in human genital but not blood T cells: implications for the ontogeny of the CCR5+ Th1 phenotype.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2306-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370043; Hladik F; Lentz G; Delpit E; McElroy A; McElrath MJ; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.; Memory T cells that home to inflamed tissues typically express the beta-chemokine receptor CCR5 and exhibit a Th1 cytokine profile. The migration of these cells into the genital tract following antigenic exposure has particular relevance to acquisition of HIV-1 infection, because CCR5 functions as the coreceptor for m
The human liver contains multiple populations of NK cells, T cells, and CD3+CD56+ natural T cells with distinct cytotoxic activities and Th1, Th2, and Th0 cytokine secretion patterns.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2314-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370044; Doherty DG; Norris S; Madrigal-Estebas L; McEntee G; Traynor O; Hegarty JE; O'Farrelly C; Education and Research Centre and Liver Unit, St. Vincent's; Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. ddoherty@svherc.ucd.ie; The human liver contains significant numbers of T cells, NK cells, and lymphocytes that coexpress T and NK cell receptors. To evaluate their functional activities, we have compared the cytotoxic activities and cytokines produced by normal adult hepatic CD3+CD56- (T) cells, CD3-CD56+ (NK) cells, and CD3+CD56+ (natural
Immune responses in asymptomatic HIV-1-infected patients after HIV-DNA immunization followed by highly active antiretroviral treatment.: J Immunol. 1999 Aug 15;163(4):2330-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370046; Calarota SA; Leandersson AC; Bratt G; Hinkula J; Klinman DM; Weinhold KJ; Sandstrom E; Wahren B; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Microbiology,; Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.; Intensive chemotherapy is capable of reducing the viral load in HIV-1-infected individuals while infected cells are still present. A special property of DNA immunization is to induce both new CTL and Ab responses. We evaluated the possibility of inducing new immune responses in already infected individuals by means of
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T cell immunity after renal transplantation mediates protection from CMV disease by limiting the systemic virus load.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):247-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326719; Reusser P; Cathomas G; Attenhofer R; Tamm M; Thiel G; Department of Medicine University Hospital, 4031 Basel,; Switzerland. reusser@ubaclu.unibas.ch; The role of cytomegalovirus ( CMV )-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and T helper cells (Th) in controlling CMV infection, as detected by antigenemia assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in blood leukocytes, and CMV
Early and persistent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific T helper dysfunction in blood and lymph nodes following acute HIV-1 infection.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):278-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326723; Musey LK; Krieger JN; Hughes JP; Schacker TW; Corey L; McElrath MJ; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.; Without potent antiretroviral therapy, most human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected persons experience a progressive decline in CD4+ T cells and impairment in T helper function. It is unclear how soon after infection T cell dysfunction occurs. T helper responses were examined in blood and lymphoid tissue
Identification of two distinct subsets of long-term nonprogressors with divergent viral activity by stromal-derived factor 1 chemokine gene polymorphism analysis.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):285-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326724; Balotta C; Bagnarelli P; Corvasce S; Mazzucchelli R; Colombo MC; Papagno L; Santambrogio S; Ridolfo AL; Violin M; Berlusconi A; Velleca R; Facchi G; Moroni M; Clementi M; Galli M; Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, L. Sacco Hospital,; University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy. Claudia.Balotta@unimi.it; Stromal-derived factor (SDF)-1, the natural ligand for CXCR4, is present in a common polymorphic variant defined by a G-->A transition in the 3 untranslated region of the gene. In persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the homozygous genotype (SDF1-3 A/3 A) has been postulated to interfere
A canarypox vaccine expressing multiple human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genes given alone or with rgp120 elicits broad and durable CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in seronegative volunteers.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):290-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326725; Evans TG; Keefer MC; Weinhold KJ; Wolff M; Montefiori D; Gorse GJ; Graham BS; McElrath MJ; Clements-Mann ML; Mulligan MJ; Fast P; Walker MC; Excler JL; Duliege AM; Tartaglia J; University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,; Rochester, NY 14642, USA. thomas_evans@umc.rochester.edu; Induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells is considered one of the important correlates for the protective efficacy of candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines. To induce CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) along with neutralizing antibody and CD4+ T cell help, a live canarypox virus construct expressi
Consistent associations of HLA class I and II and transporter gene products with progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in homosexual men.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):299-309. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326726; Keet IP; Tang J; Klein MR; LeBlanc S; Enger C; Rivers C; Apple RJ; Mann D; Goedert JJ; Miedema F; Kaslow RA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Reneke@hcrg.nl; Polymorphic products of genes in the HLA region contributing to variability in the course of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection were identified by screening 375 Caucasian seroconverters who were aggregated from 3 cohorts. AIDS-free time was related to numerous (15) class I alleles, alone or in conju
Cerebrospinal fluid beta chemokine concentrations in neurocognitively impaired individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):310-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326727; Letendre SL; Lanier ER; McCutchan JA; University of California, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center,; San Diego, California 92103, USA. sletendre@ucsd.edu; Macrophages express the chemokine receptor CCR-5, a coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry. This receptor is ligated by beta chemokines, which influence HIV type 1 (HIV-1) replication in CCR-5-bearing cells in vitro and could influence the course of infection in the central nervous system. Cerebrospin
Potent antiretroviral therapy of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: partial normalization of T lymphocyte subsets and limited reduction of HIV-1 DNA despite clearance of plasma viremia.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326728; Zaunders JJ; Cunningham PH; Kelleher AD
Effect of circumcision on incidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other sexually transmitted diseases: a prospective cohort study of trucking company employees in Kenya.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):330-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326729; Lavreys L; Rakwar JP; Thompson ML; Jackson DJ; Mandaliya K; Chohan BH; Bwayo JJ; Ndinya-Achola JO; Kreiss JK; Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine, and Biostatistics,; University of Washington, Seattle 98104-2499, USA.; llavreys@AfricaOnline.co.ke; To determine the effect of circumcision status on acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and other sexually transmitted diseases, a prospective cohort study of 746 HIV-1-seronegative trucking company employees was conducted in Mombasa, Kenya . During the course of f
High rates of transmission of subtype E human immunodeficiency virus type 1 among heterosexual couples in Northern Thailand: role of sexually transmitted diseases and immune compromise.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):337-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326730; Nelson KE; Rungruengthanakit K; Margolick J; Suriyanon V; Niyomthai S; de Boer MA; Kawichai S; Robison V; Celentano DD; Nagachinta T; Duerr A; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. kenelson@jhsph.edu; The heterosexual transmission of subtype E human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection was evaluated in 467 couples in Thailand in whom the man was HIV-1 positive and the woman had no risk factors for HIV other than sex with her infected partner. At baseline, 216 (46.3%
Lack of autologous neutralizing antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and macrophage tropism are associated with mother-to-infant transmission.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):344-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326731; Lathey JL; Tsou J; Brinker K; Hsia K; Meyer WA 3rd; Spector SA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California-San Diego, La; Jolla, CA 92093-0672. jlathey@ucsd.edu; To investigate factors that affect mother-to-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), autologous neutralizing antibody, viral load, and viral tropism were evaluated in 28 pregnant women infected with HIV-1, of whom 8 were transmitters and 20 nontransmitters. One (12%) of 8 transmitters versu
The ALBI trial: a randomized controlled trial comparing stavudine plus didanosine with zidovudine plus lamivudine and a regimen alternating both combinations in previously untreated patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):351-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326732; Molina JM; Chene G; Ferchal F; Journot V; Pellegrin I; Sombardier MN; Rancinan C; Cotte L; Madelaine I; Debord T; Decazes JM; Clinique des Maladies Infectieuses, Hopital Saint-Louis, 75475; Paris Cedex 10, France. molina@chu-stlouis.fr; A total of 151 previously untreated patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with CD4 cell counts >/=200/microL and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels of 10,000-100,000 copies/mL were randomly assigned to 24 weeks of open-labeled stavudine
Changes in frequency of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T cell precursors and circulating effectors after combination antiretroviral therapy in children.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):359-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326733; Spiegel HM; DeFalcon E; Ogg GS; Larsson M; Beadle TJ; Tao P; McMichael AJ; Bhardwaj N; O'Callaghan C; Cox WI; Krasinski K; Pollack H; Borkowsky W; Nixon DF; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University,; New York, NY 10016, USA. HSpiegel@ADARC.org; Combination antiretroviral therapy has had a major role in reducing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plasma viral loads in HIV-1-infected adults but a variable effect in infants, in whom complete viral suppression appears to be less readily achieved. In adults, after the reduction in plasma viremia, there i
Atovaquone suspension compared with aerosolized pentamidine for prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects intolerant of trimethoprim or sulfonamides.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):369-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326734; Chan C; Montaner J; Lefebvre EA; Morey G; Dohn M; McIvor RA; Scott J; Marina R; Caldwell P; The Toronto Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4.; cchan@torhosp.toronto.on.ca; Atovaquone suspensions (750 mg and 1500 mg once a day) were compared with aerosolized pentamidine (300 mg once a month) for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in subjects with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who were intolerant to trimethoprim or sulfonamides (or both). Median time usi
Correlation of quantitative bone marrow and blood cultures in AIDS patients with disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):438-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326743; Hafner R; Inderlied CB; Peterson DM; Wright DJ; Standiford HC; Drusano G; Muth K; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892-7624, USA. rhafner@niaid.nih.gov; The relationship between Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection of blood and bone marrow was studied in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients before and during treatment. Quantitative cultures were obtained at baseline from 17 persons with newly detected MAC bacteremia. Serial blood cultures were obtaine
In vitro and in vivo anticandidal activity of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):448-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326744; Cassone A; De Bernardis F; Torosantucci A; Tacconelli E; Tumbarello M; Cauda R; Department of Bacteriology and Medical Mycology, Istituto; Superiore di Sanita, 00161 Rome, Italy. cassone@iss.it; Highly active antiretroviral therapy that includes human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) aspartyl protease inhibitors (PIs) causes a decline in the incidence of some opportunistic infections in AIDS, and this decline is currently attributed to the restoration of specif
Characterization of the DNA polymerase and thymidine kinase genesof herpes simplex virus isolates from AIDS patients in whom acyclovirand foscarnet therapy sequentially failed.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):487-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326749; Schmit I; Boivin G; Infectious Disease Research Center, Centre Hospitalier de; l'Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2.; isabelle_schmit@hotmail.com; Herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolates were characterized from 8 AIDS patients in whom acyclovir and foscarnet therapy sequentially failed. The 6 postacyclovir (prefoscarnet) HSV isolates were resistant to acyclovir and susceptible to foscarnet. Of the 9 postfoscarnet isolates, 8 w
Plasma human immunodeficiency virus RNA below 40 Copies/mL is rare in untreated persons even in the first years of infection.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):526-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326758; Lefrere JJ; Mariotti M; Morand-Joubert L; Thauvin M; Roudot-Thoraval F; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, 75012 Paris,; France. lefrere@worldnet.fr; To clarify the frequency and prognostic significance of a plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA load below the detection threshold during the natural history of infection, an ultrasensitive assay was used to identify persons with low virus loads in a cohort of 111 untreated subjects with a known date of seroco
CD4 lymphocyte count as a predictor of the duration of highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced suppression of human immunodeficiency virus load.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):530-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326759; Miller V; Staszewski S; Sabin C; Carlebach A; Rottmann C; Weidmann E; Rabenau H; Hill A; Lepri AC; Phillips AN; Zentrum der Inneren Medizin, J. W. Goethe Universitat, 60590; Frankfurt, Germany. miller@em.uni-frankfurt.de; The association between CD4 cell count and duration of virus load suppression was investigated in 558 patients in the Frankfurt HIV Clinic Cohort who had begun highly active antiretroviral therapy and who had virus load declines to
Association of plasma levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA and oropharyngeal Candida colonization.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):534-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326760; Gottfredsson M; Cox GM; Indridason OS; de Almeida GM; Heald AE; Perfect JR; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and; International Health and Nephrology, Duke University Medical; Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. gottf003@mc.duke.edu; The pathophysiology of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 is poorly understood. Association between oropharyngeal yeast carriage and various clinical factors in HIV-1-infected patients was studied in 83 patients with no clinical evidence of
Effect of immune activation induced by Cryptosporidium parvum whole antigen on in vitro human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):559-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326766; Xiao L; Lal RB; Lal AA; Immunology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for; Disease Control and Prevention, Chamblee, GA 30341, USA.; Previous epidemiologic investigations have suggested that persons with AIDS who are infected with Cryptosporidium parvum have a shorter survival time than those with other opportunistic infections. In this study, the effect of immune activation by a crude Cryptosporidium whole antigen on human immunodeficiency virus t
Highly active antiretroviral therapy failure and protease and reverse transcriptase human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene mutations [letter]: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):568-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326768; Monno L; Appice A; Cavaliere R; Scarabaggio T; Angarano G
Sustained disappearance of hepatitis C viremia in patients receiving protease inhibitor treatment for human immunodeficiency virus infection [letter]: J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):574-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99326772; Fialaire P; Payan C; Vitour D; Chennebault JM; Loison J; Pichard E; Lunel F
Role of CD8alpha+ and CD8alpha- dendritic cells in the induction of primary immune responses in vivo.: J Leukoc Biol. 1999 Aug;66(2):242-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99376401; Maldonado-Lopez R; De Smedt T; Pajak B; Heirman C; Thielemans K; Leo O; Urbain J; Maliszewski CR; Moser M; Departement de Biologie Moleculaire, Universite Libre de; Bruxelles, Rhode-Saint-Genese, Belgium.; Data from adoptive transfer of mature dendritic cells (DC) indicate that they are responsible for the induction of primary immunity. Two subclasses of DC have been recently identified in spleen that differ in their phenotype and in certain regulatory features. In vitro, both subsets have the capacity to activate naive
HHV-8 infection and multiple myeloma.: J Leukoc Biol. 1999 Aug;66(2):357-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99376421; Sjak-Shie NN; Vescio RA; Berenson JR; Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California; School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.; Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) also known as Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpes virus has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman disease. Recently, this gamma-herpes virus was also found in the nonmalignant bone marrow dendritic cells
Opportunistic infections of the central nervous system during HIV-1 infection (emphasis on cytomegalovirus disease).: J Neurol. 1999 Apr;246(4):237-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99294110; Roullet E; Department of Neurology, Hopital Tenon, Paris, France.; Toxoplasma encephalitis, cryptococcal meningitis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), and cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) encephalitis are the most common opportunistic infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in HI
Needles, syringes, injection drug users, and the Oklahoma State Medical Association.: J Okla State Med Assoc. 1999 May;92(5):231-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99361348; Dewberry GP Jr; Miller SE; gpdewb@integrityonline16.com
Schistosoma mansoni: IL-4 is necessary for concomitant immunity in mice.: J Parasitol. 1999 Aug;85(4):734-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99389054; Brunet LR; Kopf MA; Pearce EJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary; Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401, USA.; To ask whether type-2 immune responses serve an essential role in concomitant immunity, that is the prevention of superinfection with Schistosoma mansoni, we compared resistance to a challenge infection in infected wild-type (WT) mice and in infected IL-4-/- mice, which are unable to mount Th2 responses during schisto
Respiratory syncytial virus G and/or SH protein alters Th1 cytokines, natural killer cells, and neutrophils responding to pulmonary infection in BALB/c mice.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370149; Tripp RA; Moore D; Jones L; Sullender W; Winter J; Anderson LJ; BALB/c mice sensitized to vaccinia virus expressed G protein of
Broad, intense anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ex vivo CD8(+) responses in HIV type 1-infected patients: comparison with anti-Epstein-Barr virus responses and changes during antiretroviral therapy.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7108-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370150; Dalod M; Dupuis M; Deschemin JC; Sicard D; Salmon D; Delfraissy JF; Venet A; Sinet M; Guillet JG; Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Pathologies Infectieuses et; Tumorales, Unite 445, Institut Cochin de Genetique; Moleculaire, Universite Rene Descartes, Paris 75014, France.; dalod@icgm.cochin.inserm.fr; The ex vivo antiviral CD8(+) repertoires of 34 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients with various CD4(+) T-cell counts and virus loads were analyzed by gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot assay, using peptides derived from HIV type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Most patients recognized many
Role of CXCR4 in cell-cell fusion and infection of monocyte-derived macrophages by primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains: two distinct mechanisms of HIV-1 dual tropism.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7117-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370151; Yi Y; Isaacs SN; Williams DA; Frank I; Schols D; De Clercq E; Kolson DL; Collman RG; Divisions of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania, and Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke; Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Dual-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains infect both primary macrophages and transformed T-cell lines. Prototype T-cell line-tropic (T-tropic) strains use CXCR4 as their principal entry coreceptor (X4 strains), while macrophagetropic (M-tropic) strains use CCR5 (R5 strains). Prototype dual tropi
The presence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr correlates with a decrease in the frequency of mutations in a plasmid shuttle vector.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7132-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370153; Jowett JB; Xie YM; Chen IS; Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Medicine, University; of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles,; California 90095-1678, USA.; The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr protein induces cell cycle arrest at the border of G(2) and M similar to the arrest caused by agents which damage DNA. We determined whether the presence of Vpr would affect the ability of cells to repair DNA. We developed a shuttle vector system to analyze the effec
Effect of retreatment with interferon alone or interferon plus ribavirin on hepatitis C virus quasispecies diversification in nonresponder patients with chronic hepatitis C.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7241-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370165; Gerotto M; Sullivan DG; Polyak SJ; Chemello L; Cavalletto L; Pontisso P; Alberti A; Gretch DR; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of; Padua, Padua, Italy.; Alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) treatment is effective on a long-term basis in only 15 to 25% of patients with chronic hepatitis C. The results of recent trials indicate that response rates can be significantly increased when IFN-alpha is given in combination with ribavirin. However, a large number of patients do not res
Functionally heterogeneous CD8(+) T-cell memory is induced by Sendai virus infection of mice.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7278-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370170; Usherwood EJ; Hogan RJ; Crowther G; Surman SL; Hogg TL; Altman JD; Woodland DL; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis, Tennessee 38103, USA.; It has recently been established that memory CD8(+) T cells induced by viral infection are maintained at unexpectedly high frequencies in the spleen. While it has been established that these memory cells are phenotypically heterogeneous, relatively little is known about the functional status of these cells. Here we in
Functional analysis of human herpesvirus 8-encoded viral interferon regulatory factor 1 and its association with cellular interferon regulatory factors and p300.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7334-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370176; Burysek L; Yeow WS; Lubyova B; Kellum M; Schafer SL; Huang YQ; Pitha PM; Oncology Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA.; Human herpesvirus 8/Kaposi sarcoma-associated virus (HHV-8/KSHV) contains, in addition to genes required for viral replication, a unique set of nonstructural genes which may be part of viral mimicry and contribute to viral replication and pathogenesis in vivo. Among these, HHV-8 encodes four open reading frames (ORFs)
Characterization of a highly replicative intergroup M/O human immunodeficiency virus type 1 recombinant isolated from a Cameroonian patient.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7368-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AJ230984; Peeters M; Liegeois F; Torimiro N; Bourgeois A; Mpoudi E; Vergne L; Saman E; Delaporte E; Saragosti S; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France.; martine.peeters@mpl.ird.fr; A Cameroonian patient with antibodies reacting simultaneously to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group O- and group M-specific V3-loop peptides was identified. In order to confirm that this patient was coinfected with both viruses, PCRs with O- and M-specific discriminating primers corresponding to differe
Point mutations in the avian sarcoma/leukosis virus 3' untranslated region result in a packaging defect.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7421-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370186; Aschoff JM; Foster D; Coffin JM; Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts; University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.; The 3 untranslated region (3 UTR) between the 3 end of env and the long terminal repeat is well conserved among avian retroviruses and is essential for efficient replication. Deletion of the dr1 element within the 3 UTR has been reported to have various effects, including reduced levels of unspliced RNA in the cyt
Factors associated with slow disease progression in macaques immunized with an adenovirus-simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope priming-gp120 boosting regimen and challenged vaginally with SIVmac251.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370187; Buge SL; Murty L; Arora K; Kalyanaraman VS; Markham PD; Richardson ES; Aldrich K; Patterson LJ; Miller CJ; Cheng SM; Robert-Guroff M; Rhesus macaques were immunized with a combination vaccine regimen consisting of adenovirus type 5 host range mutant-simian immunodeficiency virus envelope (Ad5hr-SIVenv) recombinant priming and boosting with native SIV gp120. Upon intravaginal challenge with SIVmac251, both persistently and transiently viremic animals
CD4-Chemokine receptor hybrids in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7453-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370189; Klasse PJ; Rosenkilde MM; Signoret N; Pelchen-Matthews A; Schwartz TW; Marsh M; MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Department of; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London,; London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom. p.klasse@ucl.ac.uk; Most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains require both CD4 and a chemokine receptor for entry into a host cell. In order to analyze how the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein interacts with these cellular molecules, we constructed single-molecule hybrids of CD4 and chemokine receptors and expressed these constructs in
Inhibitory mechanism of the CXCR4 antagonist T22 against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7489-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370192; Murakami T; Zhang TY; Koyanagi Y; Tanaka Y; Kim J; Suzuki Y; Minoguchi S; Tamamura H; Waki M; Matsumoto A; Fujii N; Shida H; Hoxie JA; Peiper SC; Yamamoto N; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Virology, Faculty of; Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo; 113-8519, Japan.; We recently reported that a cationic peptide, T22 ([Tyr(5,12), Lys(7)]-polyphemusin II), specifically inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection mediated by CXCR4 (T. Murakami et al., J. Exp. Med. 186:1389-1393, 1997). Here we demonstrate that T22 effectively inhibits replication of T-tropic HIV-1,
Envelope-dependent restriction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 spreading in CD4(+) T lymphocytes: R5 but not X4 viruses replicate in the absence of T-cell receptor restimulation.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7515-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370195; Vicenzi E; Bordignon PP; Biswas P; Brambilla A; Bovolenta C; Cota M; Sinigaglia F; Poli G; AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, DIBIT, San Raffaele Scientific; Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy. vicenzi.elisa@hsr.it; The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replicates in activated CD4(+) T lymphocytes. However, only CD4(+) Th2 and Th0, but not Th1, CD4(+) T-cell clones have been reported to efficiently support HIV-1 replication. This dichotomous pattern was further investigated in the present study in Th1, Th2, or Th0 cell lines der
Effective induction of simian immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in macaques by using a multiepitope gene and DNA prime-modified vaccinia virus Ankara boost vaccination regimen.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7524-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370196; Hanke T; Samuel RV; Blanchard TJ; Neumann VC; Allen TM; Boyson JE; Sharpe SA; Cook N; Smith GL; Watkins DI; Cranage MP; McMichael AJ; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3; 9DS, United Kingdom. thanke@molbiol.ox.au.uk; DNA and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) are vaccine vehicles suitable and safe for use in humans. Here, by using a multicytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitope gene and a DNA prime-MVA boost vaccination regimen, high levels of CTLs specific for a single simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) gag-derived epitope were el
Thymocyte-thymic epithelial cell interaction leads to high-level replication of human immunodeficiency virus exclusively in mature CD4(+) CD8(-) CD3(+) thymocytes: a critical role for tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-7.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7533-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370197; Chene L; Nugeyre MT; Guillemard E; Moulian N; Barre-Sinoussi F; Israel N; Unite de Biologie des Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris; Cedex 15, France.; This work aims at identifying the thymocyte subpopulation able to support human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication under the biological stimuli of the thymic microenvironment. In this report we demonstrate that interaction with thymic epithelial cells (TEC) induces a high-level replication of the T-tropic primar
Antibody-dependent and -independent protection following intranasal immunization of mice with rotavirus particles.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7565-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370200; McNeal MM; Rae MN; Bean JA; Ward RL; Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Medical; Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.; The ability to elicit protective immune responses after intranasal immunization with rotavirus particles, either with or without the attenuated Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin LT(R192G) as an adjuvant, was examined in the adult mouse model. BALB/c mice were administered one or two inoculations of psoralen/UV-
Respiratory mucosal immunization with reovirus serotype 1/L stimulates virus-specific humoral and cellular immune responses, including double-positive (CD4(+)/CD8(+)) T cells.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7633-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370208; Periwal SB; Cebra JJ; Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19104-6018, USA.; Respiratory virus infections are a serious health challenge. A number of models that examine the nature of the respiratory immune response to particular pathogens exist. However, many pathogens that stimulate specific immunity in the lung are frequently not effective immunogens at other mucosal sites. A pathogen that
An inducible human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vector which effectively suppresses HIV-1 replication.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7671-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370211; An DS; Morizono K; Li QX; Mao SH; Lu S; Chen IS; Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Medicine, UCLA; School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.; Recently, gene therapy vectors based upon the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome have been developed. Here, we create an HIV-1 vector which is defective for all HIV-1 genes, but which maintains cis-acting elements required for efficient packaging, infection, and expression. In T cells transduced by thi
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from sun-tailed monkeys (Cercopithecus solatus): evidence for host-dependent evolution of SIV within the C. lhoesti superspecies.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7734-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF131870; Beer BE; Bailes E; Goeken R; Dapolito G; Coulibaly C; Norley SG; Kurth R; Gautier JP; Gautier-Hion A; Vallet D; Sharp PM; Hirsch VM; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.; Recently we reported the characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVlhoest) from a central African l hoest monkey (Cercopithecus lhoesti lhoesti) that revealed a distant relationship to SIV isolated from a mandrill (SIVmnd). The present report describes a novel SIV (SIVsun) isolated from a healthy, wild-cau
Primary human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) isolates infect CD4-negative cells via CCR5 and CXCR4: comparison with HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus and relevance to cell tropism in vivo.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7795-804. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370224; Reeves JD; Hibbitts S; Simmons G; McKnight A; Azevedo-Pereira JM; Moniz-Pereira J; Clapham PR; The Wohl Virion Centre, Department of Molecular Pathology,; Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, University College; London, London, United Kingdom. j.reeves@ucl.ac.uk; Cell surface receptors exploited by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) for infection are major determinants of tropism. HIV-1 usually requires two receptors to infect cells. Gp120 on HIV-1 virions binds CD4 on the cell surface, triggering conformational rearrangements that creat
Rescue from photoreceptor degeneration in the rd mouse by human immunodeficiency virus vector-mediated gene transfer.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7812-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370226; Takahashi M; Miyoshi H; Verma IM; Gage FH; Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological; Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common inherited retinal disease, in which photoreceptor cells degenerate, leading to blindness. Mutations in the rod photoreceptor cGMP phosphodiesterase beta subunit (PDEbeta) gene are found in patients with autosomal recessive RP as well as in the rd mouse. We have recently sho
R5 strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from rapid progressors lacking X4 strains do not possess X4-type pathogenicity in human thymus.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7817-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370227; Berkowitz RD; van't Wout AB; Kootstra NA; Moreno ME; Linquist-Stepps VD; Bare C; Stoddart CA; Schuitemaker H; McCune JM; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of; California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.; Some individuals infected with only R5 strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 progress to AIDS as quickly as individuals harboring X4 strains. We determined that three R5 viruses were much less pathogenic than an X4 virus in SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice, suggesting that R5 virus-mediated rapid disease progression is a
Expanded tropism of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 R5 strains to CD4(+) T-cell lines determined by the capacity to exploit low concentrations of CCR5.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7842-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370231; Dejucq N; Simmons G; Clapham PR; Section of Virology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of; Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom.; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) strains predominantly use the chemokine receptor CCR5, while syncytium-inducing (SI) strains use CXCR4. In vitro, SI isolates infect and replicate in a range of CD4(+) CXCR4(+) T-cell lines, whereas NSI isolates usually do not. Here we describe t
Induction of antiviral antibodies by DNA immunization requires neither perforin-mediated nor CD8(+)-T-cell-mediated lysis of antigen-expressing cells.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7870-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370236; Hassett DE; Zhang J; Whitton JL; Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute,; La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; DNA immunization induces antibodies to the encoded protein, which indicates that the protein must gain access to the extracellular milieu, allowing it to interact with naive B lymphocytes. It has been suggested that antigen release may be effected by cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-mediated lysis of transfected antigen-express
Resistance against syncytium-inducing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in selected CD4(+) T cells from an HIV-1-infected nonprogressor: evidence of a novel pathway of resistance mediated by a soluble factor(s) that acts after virus entry.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7891-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370241; Saha K; Volsky DJ; Matczak E; Departments of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology, Immunology, and; Medical Genetics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Children's; Hospital Research Foundation, The Ohio State University,; Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA. sahak@pediatrics.ohio-state.edu; A panel of CD4(+) T-cell clones were generated from peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient with a nonprogressing infection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by using herpesvirus saimiri as described recently. By and large, all of the clones expressed an activated T-cell phenotype (Th class 1) and gre
Molecular characterization of proteolytic processing of the Gag proteins of human spumavirus.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7907-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370244; Pfrepper KI; Lochelt M; Rackwitz HR; Schnolzer M; Heid H; Flugel RM; Department of Retroviral Gene Expression, Research Program; Applied Tumor Virology, German Cancer Research Center, 69009; Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.; Spumaviruses, or foamy viruses, express Gag proteins that are incompletely processed by the viral protease in cell cultures. To delineate the proteolytic cleavage sites between potential Gag subdomains, recombinant human spumaretrovirus (HSRV) Gag proteins of different lengths were expressed, purified by affinity chro
Interspecies transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus from the domestic cat to the Tsushima cat (Felis bengalensis euptilura) in the wild.: J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7916-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370246; Nishimura Y; Goto Y; Yoneda K; Endo Y; Mizuno T; Hamachi M; Maruyama H; Kinoshita H; Koga S; Komori M; Fushuku S; Ushinohama K; Akuzawa M; Watari T; Hasegawa A; Tsujimoto H; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of; Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo,; Japan.; Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was isolated from a wild-caught Tsushima cat (Felis bengalensis euptilura), an endangered Japanese nondomestic subspecies of leopard cat (F. bengalensis). Phylogenetic analysis of the env gene sequences indicated that the FIV from the Tsushima cat belonged to a cluster of subtype D
Lessons outside the lecture hall.: JAMA. 1999 Sep 1;282(9):820-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99405790; Reirden DH; University of Connecticut Health Center and Connecticut; Children's Medical Center, Farmington, USA.
Sex, gender, and tuberculosis.: Lancet. 1999 Mar 20;353(9157):1000-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387682; Diwan VK; Thorson A; Nordic School of Public Health, Goteborg, Sweden. vinod@nhv.se
An African perspective on the threat of tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS--can despair be turned to hope?: Lancet. 1999 Mar 20;353(9157):997. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387679; Chintu C; Mwinga A; UNZA-UCLMS TB/HIV Research and Training Project, University; Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. cchintu@zamnet.zm
Southern African AIDS agreement [news]: Lancet. 1999 Aug 21;354(9179):658. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394556
Audio-computer interviewing to measure HIV-risk behaviour [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Aug 21;354(9179):678-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394568; Taylor A; Goldberg D; Dempsey K
Making AIDS a business imperative [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Aug 21;354(9179):679-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394569; Craven BM; Fiala C; de Harven E; Stewart GT
Estimation of missing values [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Aug 21;354(9179):686. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394581; Herxenberg LA; Moore WA; De Rosa SC
Dietary fat influences the production of Th1- but not Th2-derived cytokines.: Lipids. 1999;34 Suppl:S141. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99345493; Wallace FA; Yaqoob P; Miles EA; Calder PC; Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, United; Kingdom.
Assessment of mucosal immune response in genitourinary tract using urine.: Microbiol Immunol. 1999;43(3):253-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99268517; Kohno T; Tanaka H; Watabe K; Yamashita S; Sezaki H; Nadai T; Sugie Y; Ogouchi T; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of; Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka,; Japan.; A novel method to assess mucosal immune response in the genitourinary mucosa after immunization with a mucosal vaccine has been developed. In this method, secretory IgA antibody is measured by a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune-complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) using urine as a specimen. The urinary IgA
The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Fukuoka, Japan.: Microbiol Immunol. 1999;43(3):271-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99268519; Chijiwa K; Ishibashi T; Kashiwagi S; Mori R; Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences,; Department of General Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital,; Dazaifu, Japan.; To determine the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) subtypes in Fukuoka, Japan , viruses from 41 HIV-1 infected individuals were subtyped. Subtyping by V3-loop enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed 31 of the 41 subjects as subtype B (MN type), one as
Chemokine control of HIV-1 infection [letter]: Nature. 1999 Aug 19;400(6746):723-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394596; Mellado M; Rodriguez-Frade JM; Vila-Coro AJ; de Ana AM; Martinez-A C
Cost-effective syphilis screening in military recruit applicants.: Mil Med. 1999 Aug;164(8):580-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99388561; Clark KL; Kelley PW; Mahmoud RA; Goldenbaum MB; Meyer GS; Fetters LJ; Howell MR; Division of Preventive Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC, USA.; A cost-effectiveness analysis of syphilis screening was performed. Strategies included no screening, universal testing at military entrance processing stations, universal testing at basic training centers, and contracting centralized screening. Probabilities derived from data retained on recruit applicants from 1989 t
A review of abacavir and efavirenz: new antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV-1 infection [news]: Nurse Pract. 1999 Jun;24(6):81-2, 87-90, 92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359966; Wolbach J; Capoccia K
The Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (wt1) product represses different functional classes of transcriptional activation domains.: Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Jul 15;27(14):2889-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380475; Lee TH; Moffett P; Pelletier J; Department of Biochemistry, McGill Cancer Center, McGill; University, Montreal, Quebec H3 1 Y6, Canada.; We have studied the ability of the wt1 tumor suppressor gene product to repress different classes of activation domains previously shown to stimulate the initiation and elongation steps of RNA polymerase II transcription in vivo. Repression assays revealed that WT1 represses all three classes of activation domains: Sp
Acute myocardial infarction associated with anabolic steroids in a young HIV-infected patient.: Pharmacotherapy. 1999 Jul;19(7):881-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99343481; Varriale P; Mirzai-tehrane M; Sedighi A; Division of Cardiology, Cabrini Medical Center, New York, New; York 10003, USA.; The use and abuse of anabolic-androgenic steroids have increased over the past decade and pose a medical and public health problem. In addition to their use by athletes to increase muscle mass and improve performance, people with wasting and malignant diseases are finding that the agents improve both their physical ap
The poly(A)-limiting element is a conserved cis-acting sequence that regulates poly(A) tail length on nuclear pre-mRNAs.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 3;96(16):8943-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF139169; Gu H; Das Gupta J; Schoenberg DR; Department of Pharmacology, Ohio State Biochemistry Program, and; the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University,; Columbus, OH 43210, USA.; Most vertebrate mRNAs exit the nucleus with a 200+-residue poly(A) tail and are deadenylated to yield heterogeneous polymers of 50-200 adenosine residues on any given mRNA. We previously reported that Xenopus albumin mRNA and pre-mRNA have an unusually short, discrete 17-residue poly(A) tail and showed that regulation
A gamma-herpesvirus sneaks through a CD8(+) T cell response primed to a lytic-phase epitope.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 3;96(16):9281-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362749; Stevenson PG; Belz GT; Castrucci MR; Altman JD; Doherty PC; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis TN 38105, USA.; To determine whether established CD8(+) T cell memory to an epitope prominent during the replicative phase of a gamma-herpesvirus infection protects against subsequent challenge, mice were primed with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the p56 peptide and then boosted by intranasal exposure to an influenza A viru
CpG DNA: a potent signal for growth, activation, and maturation of human dendritic cells.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 3;96(16):9305-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362753; Hartmann G; Weiner GJ; Krieg AM; Department of Internal Medicine and the University of Iowa Cancer; Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.; DNA molecules containing unmethylated CpG-dinucleotides in particular base contexts ( CpG motifs ) are excellent adjuvants in rodents, but their effects on human cells have been less clear. Dendritic cells (DCs) form the link between the innate and the acquired immune system and may influence the balance between T hel
Prevalent CD8(+) T cell response against one peptide/MHC complex in autoimmune diabetes.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 3;96(16):9311-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362754; Anderson B; Park BJ; Verdaguer J; Amrani A; Santamaria P; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The; University of Calgary, Faculty of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive; N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.; Spontaneous autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice is the result of a CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell-dependent autoimmune process directed against the pancreatic beta cells. CD8(+) T cells play a critical role in the initiation and progression of diabetes, but the specificity and diversity of their antigenic re
Structure-based design of an RNA-binding zinc finger.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 17;96(17):9521-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380550; McColl DJ; Honchell CD; Frankel AD; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of; California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0448,; USA.; A structure-based approach was used to design RNA-binding zinc fingers that recognize the HIV-1 Rev response element (RRE). An arginine-rich alpha-helix from HIV-1 Rev was engineered into the zinc finger framework, and the designed fingers were shown to bind specifically to the RRE with high affinity and in a zinc-dep
Ligation of the CD4 receptor induces activation-independent down-regulation of L-selectin.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 17;96(17):9763-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380593; Marschner S; Freiberg BA; Kupfer A; Hunig T; Finkel TH; Division of Basic Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, National; Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO 80206, USA.; Lymphocyte circulation plays an important role in the generation of a specific immune response. Mature lymphocytes continuously circulate between blood and lymph, entering the lymphoid tissue via high endothelial venules. Trafficking across high endothelial venules of peripheral lymph nodes (PLN) depends on the expres
T cell ignorance in mice to Borna disease virus can be overcome by peripheral expression of the viral nucleoprotein.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 17;96(17):9769-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380594; Hausmann J; Hallensleben W; de la Torre JC; Pagenstecher A; Zimmermann C; Pircher H; Staeheli P; Department of Virology, Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie; und Hygiene, Universitat Freiburg, D-79008 Freiburg, Germany.; Infection of neonates with Borna disease virus (BDV) induces severe meningoencephalitis and neurological disorder in wild-type but not in beta(2)-microglobulin-deficient mice of strain MRL (H-2(k)). Temporary in vivo depletion of CD8(+) T cells delayed BDV-induced disease for several weeks. Depletion of CD4(+) T cells
A central role for thymic emigrants in peripheral T cell homeostasis.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 17;96(17):9787-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380597; Berzins SP; Godfrey DI; Miller JF; Boyd RL; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Monash Medical School,; Commercial Road, Prahran, Victoria 3181, Australia.; berzins@med.monash.edu.au; After initial seeding by thymic emigrants, homeostatic regulation of the T cell pool has been thought to occur entirely within the periphery. Here we report that the degree of thymic emigration directly affects the number and the CD4/CD8 ratio of peripheral T cells. We demonstrate that the increase in T cell pool size
TCL1 oncogene expression in AIDS-related lymphomas and lymphoid tissues.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 17;96(17):9809-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380601; Teitell M; Damore MA; Sulur GG; Turner DE; Stern MH; Said JW; Denny CT; Wall R; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los; Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.; mteitell@ucla.edu; AIDS-related non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (AIDS NHL) comprises a diverse and heterogeneous group of high-grade B cell tumors. Certain classes of AIDS NHL are associated with alterations in oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes or infections by oncogenic herpesviruses. However, the clinical
Description and validation of a measure of received support specific to HIV.: Psychol Rep. 1999 Apr;84(2):663-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99267562; Renwick R; Halpen T; Rudman D; Friedland J; University of Toronto, Graduate Department of Rehabilitation; Science, Ontario, Canada. r.renwick@utoronto.ca; Validation data are described for the Social Support Inventory for People who are HIV Positive or Have AIDS. This inventory was developed specifically for use with individuals who are HIV-positive to assess three types of received support (instrumental, informational, emotional) for each of four dimensions: whether su
Cognitive-behavioral stress management buffers decreases in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and increases in the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio and reduces mood disturbance and perceived stress among HIV-seropositive men.: Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1999 Jul;24(5):537-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99306003; Cruess DG; Antoni MH; Kumar M; Ironson G; McCabe P; Fernandez JB; Fletcher M; Schneiderman N; Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL; 33124-2070, USA. mantoni@umiami.ir.miami.edu; This study examined the effects of a 10-week cognitive-behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention on dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels and the ratio of cortisol to DHEA-S (cortisol/DHEA-S), potential surrogate adrenal markers of HIV disease progression, in relation to alterations in mood and distres
The lung in the immunocompromised patient. Infectious complications part 2.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99294838; Tamm M; Division of Pneumology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.; michaelt@mailmed.usyd.edu.au; Pulmonary infections decisively contribute to morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Bacterial, mycobacterial and infections with Pneumocystis carinii have been reviewed in an article in the last issue of Respiration. In this review, viral and fungal pulmonary infections are discussed in HIV-positive p
Sample size determination for multiple comparison studies treating confidence interval width as random.: Stat Med. 1999 Jun 30;18(12):1475-88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327033; Pan Z; Kupper LL; Division of Biostatistics, Family Health International, P.O. Box; 13950, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.; Methods for optimal sample size determination are developed using four popular multiple comparison procedures (Scheffe s, Bonferroni s, Tukey s and Dunnett s procedures), where random samples of the same size n are to be selected from k (>/=2) normal populations with common variance sigma2, and where primary interest
Revival of tetracyclines--in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis?: Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1999 May 29;129(21):810-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342221; Heer K; Pfister D; Briner V; Department of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Lucerne.; A 37-year-old immigrant from Kosovo who had been in Switzerland for 2 years developed fever, cough, weight loss and malaise. Serology (complement binding reaction) was positive for leptospirosis. The symptoms resolved very rapidly under vibramycin 2 x 100 mg/day for 3 weeks. H
Sustained improvement of performance and haemodynamics with long-term aerosolised prostacyclin therapy in severe pulmonary hypertension.: Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1999 Jun 19;129(24):923-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342232; Stricker H; Domenighetti G; Fiori G; Mombelli G; Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital La Carita,; Locarno. ODLIN1@TINET.CH; Primary pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary hypertension associated with collagen vascular disease or HIV infection are rapidly progressive fatal diseases in spite of conventional medical therapy. Continuous intravenous infusion of prostacyclin has been shown to prolong life in severe primary pulmonary hypertension,
Viral gene screen.: Sci Am. 1999 Aug;281(2):31-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99371982; Netting J
Rapid infection of oral mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue with simian immunodeficiency virus.: Science. 1999 Aug 20;285(5431):1261-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387065; Stahl-Hennig C; Steinman RM; Tenner-Racz K; Pope M; Stolte N; Matz-Rensing K; Grobschupff G; Raschdorff B; Hunsmann G; Racz P; German Primate Center, 37077 Gottingen, Germany.; The early events during infection with an immunodeficiency virus were followed by application of pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus atraumatically to the tonsils of macaques. Analyses by virologic assays and in situ hybridization revealed that the infection started locally in the tonsils, a mucosal-associated ly
A non-parametric method for the reconstruction of age- and time-dependent incidence from the prevalence data of irreversible diseases with differential mortality.: Theor Popul Biol. 1999 Aug;56(1):76-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370271; Brunet RC; Struchiner CJ; Departement de Mathematiques et de Statistique and Centre de; Recherches Mathematiques, Universite de Montreal, Montreal,; Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada. brunet@dms.umontreal.ca; A method is proposed for reconstructing the time and age dependence of incidence rates from successive age-prevalence cross sections taken from the sentinel surveys of irreversible diseases when there is an important difference in mortality between the infected and susceptible subpopulations. The prevalence informatio
Role of TYR70 in the N-glycosidase activity of neo-trichosanthin.: Toxicon. 1999 Jul;37(7):961-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99314846; Yan L; Wu S; Li HG; Li JH; Wong RN; Shi QL; Dong YC; Department of Protein Engineering, Institute of Biophysics,; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's; Republic of China.; Trichosanthin (TCS) is a type I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) which possesses rRNA N-glycosidase activity. TCS has long been used as an abortifacient in China . In recent years, its immunomodulatory, anti-tumor and anti-HIV properties have attracted more and more attention. An
Positive and negative selection of alphabetaTCR+ T cells in thymectomized adult radiation bone marrow chimeras.: Transplantation. 1999 Aug 15;68(3):403-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387301; Colson YL; Abou El-Ezz AY; Gaines BA; Ildstad ST; The Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 15261, USA.; BACKGROUND: The mature T-cell repertoire is characterized by the negative selection of potentially autoreactive T cells and the positive selection of T cells restricted to antigen-recognition in the context of self-MHC molecules. It is currently believed that the thymus is critical for these selection events. Although
Mechanism of acquired thymic tolerance induced by a single major histocompatibility complex class I peptide with the dominant epitope: differential analysis of regulatory cytokines in the lymphoid and intragraft compartments.: Transplantation. 1999 Aug 15;68(3):418-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387303; Oluwole SF; Chowdhury NC; Ingram M; Garrovillo M; Jin MX; Agrawal S; Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons of; Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.; BACKGROUND: We have recently shown that intrathymic injection of a combination of immunogenic WAG-derived or Wistar-Furth (WF) (RT1.Au) major histocompatibility complex class I peptides induces acquired systemic tolerance to cardiac and islet allografts in the WF-to-ACI rat combination and therefore hypothesized that
Problems in utility and safety of otological allografts.: Transplant Proc. 1999 Aug;31(5):2036-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384907; Minatogawa T; Kumoi T; Department of Otolaryngology, Chibune Hospital, Osaka City,; Japan.
Individuals from North America, Australasia, and Africa are infected with four different genotypes of human herpesvirus 8.: Virology. 1999 Aug 15;261(1):106-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF151690; Meng YX; Spira TJ; Bhat GJ; Birch CJ; Druce JD; Edlin BR; Edwards R; Gunthel C; Newton R; Stamey FR; Wood C; Pellett PE; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,; 30333, USA.; To study human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) transmission between individuals and in populations, we developed a system for genetic fingerprinting of HHV-8 strains based on variation in the HHV-8 K1, glycoprotein B (gB), and glycoprotein H (gH) genes. Using this system, we sequenced nearly the entire K1 gene (840 bp); two seg
Self-inactivating lentiviral vectors with U3 and U5 modifications.: Virology. 1999 Aug 15;261(1):120-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99373448; Iwakuma T; Cui Y; Chang LJ; Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida,; 32610-0266, USA.; Lentiviral vectors have gained much attention in recent years mainly because they integrate into nondividing host-cell genomes. For clinical applications, a safe and efficient lentiviral vector system is required. Previously, we have established a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-derived three-plasmid lenti
The feline immunodeficiency virus vif gene is required for productive infection of feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocyte-derived macrophages.: Virology. 1999 Aug 15;261(1):25-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99373441; Lockridge KM; Himathongkham S; Sawai ET; Chienand M; Sparger EE; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis,; California, 95616, USA.; The role of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vif gene in establishing productive infection in feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) was examined in cell culture systems. A 375-bp deletion was introduced into the vif gene of the wild-type FIV-pPPR infectious mo
Molecular cloning and cell-specific growth characterization of polymorphic variants of type D serogroup 2 simian retroviruses.: Virology. 1999 Aug 15;261(1):43-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF126468; Marracci GH; Avery NA; Shiigi SM; Couch G; Palmer H; Pilcher KY; Nichols H; Hallick LM; Axthelm MK; Machida CA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon; Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA.; Simian retroviruses (SRVs), the etiological agent of a spontaneous Simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, endemically infects large percentages of Asian macaques housed in biomedical research colonies and severely compromises the effective use of these species as a viable research animal. We recently described the
Molecular epidemiology of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) Brazil: the predominant HTLV-1s in South America differ from HTLV-ls of Japan and Africa, as well as those of Japanese immigrants and their relatives in Brazil.: Virology. 1999 Aug 15;261(1):59-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99405662; Yamashita M; Veronesi R; Menna-Barreto M; Harrington WJ Jr; Sampio C; Brites C; Badaro R; Andrade-Filho AS; Okhura S; Igarashi T; Takehisa J; Miura T; Chamone D; Bianchini O; Jardim C; Sonoda S; Hayami M; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Institute for Virus Research; Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.; myamashi@virus.kyuoto-u.ac.jp; To better understand the origin of human T-cell leukemia virus type l (HTLV-l) in South America, we conducted a phylogenetic study on 27 new HTLV-ls in Brazil . These were obtained from Brazilians of various ethnic origins, such as Japanese immigrants, whites, blacks and mulattos. W
Truncation of the human immunodeficiency virus-type-2 envelope glycoprotein allows efficient pseudotyping of murine leukemia virus retroviral vector particles.: Virology. 1999 Aug 15;261(1):70-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99373444; Hohne M; Thaler S; Dudda JC; Groner B; Schnierle BS; Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Tumor Biology Center,; Breisacherstrasse 117, Freiburg, D-79106, Germany.; The incorporation of human immunodeficiency virus-type-2 (HIV-2) envelope glycoprotein into murine leukemia virus (MuLV) particles was studied in a transient transfection packaging cell system. We observed that wild-type HIV-2 envelope protein or a frameshift mutant with 187 unrelated carboxyl-terminal residues did no
[Peripheral nerve lesions after total hip endoprosthesis]: Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 1999 Mar-Apr;137(2):140-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99336395; Knahr K; Krugluger J; Pluschnig U; II. Allgem. orthop. Abteilung, Orthopadisches Spital Speising.; AIM OF THE STUDY: Lesions of peripheral nerves are serious complications associated with total hip replacements. Prognostic factors and treatment concepts have not been sufficiently defined. Improvements can occur spontaneously. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors and diagnostic aids, such as the velocity of ner
Poliovirus replicons encoding the B subunit of Helicobacter pylori urease elicit a Th1 associated immune response.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99319791; Novak MJ; Smythies LE; McPherson SA; Smith PD; Morrow CD; The development of a vaccine for Helicobacter pylori is a key strategy for reducing the worldwide prevalence of H. pylori infection. Although immunization with recombinant B subunit of H. pylori urease (ureB) has yielded promising results, for the most part, these studies relied on the use of strong adjuvant, cholera
A V3 loop haptenic peptide sequence, when tandemly repeated, enhances immunogenicity by facilitating helper T-cell responses to a covalently linked carrier protein.: Vaccine. 1999 May 14;17(19):2392-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99319792; Oscherwitz J; Zeigler ME; Gribbin TE; Cease KB; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical; School, Ann Arbor, 48105, USA. joscher@umich.edu; Subunit immunogens containing tandemly repeated copies of T- and B-cell epitopes have been shown to be more immunogenic than the respective immunogen containing only a single copy of the sequence. It has been unclear, however, whether the increased immunogenicity of a tandemly repeated B-cell epitope necessarily resul
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus: epidemiology, virology, and molecular biology.: Adv Virus Res. 1999;52:139-232. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312230; Sarid R; Olsen SJ; Moore PS; Division of Epidemiology, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Role of chemokine receptors in HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis.: Adv Virus Res. 1999;52:233-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312231; Ross TM; Bieniasz PD; Cullen BR; Department of Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710, USA.
Nuclear import of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 preintegration complexes.: Adv Virus Res. 1999;52:275-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312232; Fouchier RA; Malim MH; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Pennsylvania; School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6148, USA.; Following infection-mediated entry into the cytoplasm, retroviral cores form large nucleoprotein complexes (PICs) which undergo reverse transcription and, ultimately, catalyze provirus formation. The ability of these complexes to be specifically imported into the nucleus via NPCs explains why nondividing cells can be
HIV integrase structure and function.: Adv Virus Res. 1999;52:319-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312234; Esposito D; Craigie R; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; HIV integrase consists of three domains, the structures of which have been individually determined by X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy. The core domain, spanning residues 50-212, is responsible for the catalytic activity of the enzyme. The crystal structure of a dimer of this domain shows similarity to other
Crystal structures of catalytic core domains of retroviral integrases and role of divalent cations in enzymatic activity.: Adv Virus Res. 1999;52:335-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312235; Wlodawer A; Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, NCI-Frederick Cancer; Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702, USA.; Crystal structures of the enzymatically competent catalytic domains of HIV-1 and ASV IN have been solved in the last few years. The structure of HIV-1 IN has been described only for apoenzyme and for a complex with Mg2+, whereas the structure of ASV IN has been presented as the apoenzyme, in the presence of divalent c
HIV-1 integrase: structural organization, conformational changes, and catalysis.: Adv Virus Res. 1999;52:351-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312236; Asante-Appiah E; Skalka AM; Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA.; Integrase comprises three domains capable of folding independently and whose three-dimensional structures are known. However, the manner in which the N-terminal, catalytic core, and C-terminal domains interact in the holoenzyme remains obscure. Catalytically active recombinant IN can exist in a dynamic equilibrium of
Substrate recognition by retroviral integrases.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312237; Katzman M; Katz RA; Substrate recognition by the retroviral IN enzyme is critical for retroviral integration. To catalyze this recombination event, IN must recognize and act on two types of substrates, viral DNA and
In vivo analysis of retroviral integrase structure and function.: Adv Virus Res. 1999;52:411-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312239; Engelman A; Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer; Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; There are two retroviral integration loci. One encodes the transacting IN protein, which is cleaved from the carboxyl terminus of the Gag-Pol polyprotein precursor during virus assembly. The second locus is the cis-acting attachment (att) site, comprising the terminal sequences at the U3 and U5 ends of linear viral cD
Inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus integrase.: Adv Virus Res. 1999;52:427-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312240; Pommier Y; Neamati N; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, USA.; Integration of the viral DNA into a host cell chromosome is an essential step for HIV replication and maintenance of persistent infection. Two viral factors are essential for integration: the viral DNA termini (the att sites) and IN. Accruing knowledge of the IN structure, catalytic mechanisms, and interactions with o
Acute HIV-1 infection: early identification and treatment [editorial; comment]: Am Fam Physician. 1999 Aug;60(2):413-4, 417. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392887; Markowitz M
The conundrum of early HIV infection [editorial; comment]: Am Fam Physician. 1999 Aug;60(2):417-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392888; Siwek J; Kripke CC
Reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome).: Am Fam Physician. 1999 Aug;60(2):499-503, 507. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392894; Barth WF; Segal K; Section of Rheumatology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington,; DC 20010, USA.; Reactive arthritis, also called Reiter s syndrome, is the most common type of inflammatory polyarthritis in young men. It is sometimes the first manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus infection. An HLA-B27 genotype is a predisposing factor in over two thirds of patients with reactive arthritis. The syndrome mos
How to recognize and treat acute HIV syndrome [see comments]: Am Fam Physician. 1999 Aug;60(2):535-42, 545-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392897; Perlmutter BL; Glaser JB; Oyugi SO; Staten Island University Hospital, New York, USA.; The diagnosis of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) syndrome requires a high index of suspicion and proper laboratory testing. Patients with the syndrome may have fever, fatigue, rash, pharyngitis or other symptoms. Primary HIV infection should be considered in any patient with possible HIV exposure who presents
Availability of updated HIV treatment guidelines [news]: Am Fam Physician. 1999 Aug;60(2):678. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99392907; Rose VL
Cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV-infected patients with and without highly active antiretroviral therapy.: Am J Ophthalmol. 1999 Aug;128(2):250-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99385375; Doan S; Cochereau I; Guvenisik N; Diraison MC; Mousalatti H; Thanh HX; Service d'Ophthalmologie, Hopital Bichat, Claude-Bernard, Paris,; France.; PURPOSE: To assess the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the epidemiology of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS: In a study performed in a single center for infectious diseases, we compared the data co
Intractable pruritus in HIV infection: immunologic characterization.: Allergy. 1999 Mar;54(3):266-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99253480; Milazzo F; Piconi S; Trabattoni D; Magni C; Coen M; Capetti A; Fusi ML; Parravicini C; Clerici M; Divisione di Malattie Infettive, Ospedale L. Sacco, Milan, Italy.; BACKGROUND: Severe, intractable pruritus, often associated with erythematopapular skin lesions and hypereosinophilia, is a condition observed in some nonatopic, HIV-infected patients. We performed immunovirologic analyses of this condition. METHODS: Immunologic (mitogen-stimulated production of cytokines, tumor necros
Inheritable defects in interleukin-12- and interferon-gamma-mediated immunity and the TH1/TH2 paradigm in man.: Allergy. 1999 May;54(5):409-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308477; Doffinger R; Jouanguy E; Altare F; Wood P; Shirakawa T; Novelli F; Lammas D; Kumararatne D; Casanova JL; INSERM U429, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
Cyclosporin A (CyA) reduces sCD30 serum levels in atopic dermatitis: a possible new immune intervention.: Allergy. 1999 May;54(5):507-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308491; Bottari V; Frezzolini A; Ruffelli M; Puddu P; Fontana L; De Pita O; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, San Filippo Neri; Hospital, Rome, Italy.; Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease frequently associated with asthma, rhinitis, and food allergy. Lymphocytes producing Th2-type cytokines (such as interleukin [IL]-3, IL-4, and IL-5) have been thought to have a key role in the pathogenesis of the disease. We have recently demonstrated that
[Histoplasmosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum: an endemic infection in the French Antilles (comment)]: Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1999 May;126(5):401-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362945; Cabie A
[Papillomavirus-induced anogenital lesions in 121 HIV seropositive men. Clinical, histological, viral study, and evolution]: Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1999 May;126(5):424-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362950; Voltz JM; Drobacheff C; Derancourt C; Coumes-Marquet S; Mougin C; Laurent R; Service de Dermatologie II, CHU St Jacques, Besancon.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected men, using clinical examination and molecular hybridization in situ. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From May 1995 to May 1997 we studied the prevalence, clinical and histological characteristics, the types an
Extent of surgical intervention in primary soft-tissue aspergillosis.: Ann Plast Surg. 1999 Jun;42(6):683-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310182; Marcus JR; Palella FJ; Yeldandi AV; Dumanian GA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Northwestern University Medical; School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.; Primary invasive Aspergillus Infection of the soft tissue is rare and typically affects immunocompromised patients in several distinct patterns of clinical presentation. In general, the role of surgery in the treatment of this disease is the removal of infected or necrotic tissue to prevent dissemination and mortality
Antiretroviral-drug concentrations in semen: implications for sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):1817-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359236; Kashuba AD; Dyer JR; Kramer LM; Raasch RH; Eron JJ; Cohen MS; School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,; Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Unique anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors calanolide A, costatolide, and dihydrocostatolide.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):1827-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359237; Buckheit RW Jr; White EL; Fliakas-Boltz V; Russell J; Stup TL; Kinjerski TL; Osterling MC; Weigand A; Bader JP; Infectious Disease Research Department, Serquest/Southern; Research Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701, USA.; buckheit@sri.org; (+)-Calanolide A (NSC 650886) has previously been reported to be a unique and specific nonnucleoside inhibitor of the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) (M. J. Currens et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 279:645-651, 1996). Two isomers of calanolide A, (-)-calanolide B (NSC 6
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activity, intracellular metabolism, and pharmacokinetic evaluation of 2'-deoxy-3'-oxa-4'-thiocytidine.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):1835-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359238; de Muys JM; Gourdeau H; Nguyen-Ba N; Taylor DL; Ahmed PS; Mansour T; Locas C; Richard N; Wainberg MA; Rando RF; BioChem Pharma, Inc., Laval, Quebec, Canada.; The racemic nucleoside analogue 2 -deoxy-3 -oxa-4 -thiocytidine (dOTC) is in clinical development for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) infection. dOTC is structurally related to lamivudine ( 3TC ), but the oxygen and su
Heteroresistance to fluconazole and voriconazole in Cryptococcus neoformans.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):1856-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359240; Mondon P; Petter R; Amalfitano G; Luzzati R; Concia E; Polacheck I; Kwon-Chung KJ; Molecular Microbiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical; Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; Cryptococcus neoformans isolates that exhibited unusual patterns of resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole were isolated from seven isolates from two different geographical regions: one isolate from an Israeli non-AIDS patient and six serial isolates from an Italian AIDS patient who had suffered six recurrent epis
Emergence of drug-resistant populations of woodchuck hepatitis virus in woodchucks treated with the antiviral nucleoside lamivudine.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):1947-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359256; Zhou T; Saputelli J; Aldrich CE; Deslauriers M; Condreay LD; Mason WS; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA.; Lamivudine [(-)-beta-L-2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine] reduces woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) titers in the sera of chronically infected woodchucks by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis. However, after 6 to 12 months, WHV titers begin to increase toward p
A family of insertion mutations between codons 67 and 70 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase confer multinucleoside analog resistance.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):1961-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359258; Larder BA; Bloor S; Kemp SD; Hertogs K; Desmet RL; Miller V; Sturmer M; Staszewski S; Ren J; Stammers DK; Stuart DI; Pauwels R; Virco UK, Ltd., Cambridge, CB4 4GH, United Kingdom.; brendan.larder@virco.co.uk; To investigate the occurrence of multinucleoside analog resistance during therapy failure, we surveyed the drug susceptibilities and genotypes of nearly 900 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) samples. For 302 of these, the 50% inhibitory concentrations of at least four of the approved nucleoside analogs had f
Antagonism of azole activity against Candida albicans following induction of multidrug resistance genes by selected antimicrobial agents.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):1968-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359259; Henry KW; Cruz MC; Katiyar SK; Edlind TD; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, MCP Hahnemann School; of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, USA.; henryk1@auhs.edu; Antifungal azoles (e.g., fluconazole) are widely used for prophylaxis or treatment of Candida albicans infections in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with AIDS. These individuals are frequently treated with a variety of additional antimicrobial agents. Potential interactions between three azoles and 16 unr
Use of the hepatitis B virus recombinant baculovirus-HepG2 system to study the effects of (-)-beta-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine on replication of hepatitis B virus and accumulation of covalently closed circular DNA.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):2017-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359267; Delaney WE 4th; Miller TG; Isom HC; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Milton S. Hershey; Medical Center, The Penn State University College of Medicine,; Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.; (-)-Beta-2 ,3 -Dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine (lamivudine [ 3TC ]) is a nucleoside analog which effectively interferes with the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in vitro and in vivo. We have investigated the antiviral properties of 3TC in vitro in He
Effects of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteinase inhibitors saquinavir and indinavir on in vitro activities of secreted aspartyl proteinases of Candida albicans isolates from HIV-infected patients.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):2038-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359270; Korting HC; Schaller M; Eder G; Hamm G; Bohmer U; Hube B; Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich,; Germany.; The effects of therapeutically relevant concentrations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteinase inhibitors saquinavir and indinavir on the in vitro proteinase activity of Candida albicans were investigated with isolates from HIV-infected a
Hydroxyurea enhances the activities of didanosine, 9-[2-(phosphonylmethoxy)ethyl]adenine, and 9-[2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]adenine against drug-susceptible and drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus isolates.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):2046-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359272; Palmer S; Shafer RW; Merigan TC; Center for AIDS Research at Stanford, Stanford University Medical; Center, Stanford, California 94305-5107, USA. palmer@SRI.org; We assessed the effects of hydroxyurea (HU) at a concentration of 50 microM on the in vitro activities of 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddI), 9-[2-(phosphonylmethoxy)ethyl]adenine (PMEA), and 9-[2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA) against a wild-type human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) laboratory isolate
A new point mutation (P157S) in the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 confers low-level resistance to (-)-beta-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Aug;43(8):2077-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99359280; Smith RA; Klarmann GJ; Stray KM; von Schwedler UK; Schinazi RF; Preston BD; North TW; Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake; City, Utah 84112, USA.; A P157S mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 conferred fivefold resistance to (-)-beta-2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine in cell culture. Interestingly, the P157S mutation resulted in increased sensitivity (two- to threefold) to 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (
PCR comparison of Mycobacterium avium isolates obtained from patients and foods.: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Jun;65(6):2650-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99278085; Yoder S; Argueta C; Holtzman A; Aronson T; Berlin OG; Tomasek P; Glover N; Froman S; Stelma G Jr; Education and Research Institute, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center,; Sylmar, California 91342, USA. sean.yoder@csun.edu; Mycobacterium avium is a cause of disseminated disease in AIDS patients. A need for a better understanding of possible sources and routes of transmission of this organism has arisen. This study utilized a PCR typing method designed to amplify DNA segments located between the insertion sequences IS1245 and IS1311 to co
Disappointment in the search for an HIV vaccine [news]: Aust Fam Physician. 1999 Jul;28(7):736. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360107
Inhibition of Vpr-induced cell cycle abnormality by quercetin: a novel strategy for searching compounds targeting Vpr.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Aug 2;261(2):308-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99355569; Shimura M; Zhou Y; Asada Y; Yoshikawa T; Hatake K; Takaku F; Ishizaka Y; Department of Intractable Diseases, International Medical Center; of Japan, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.; Vpr, an accessory gene product of HIV-1 which induces cell cycle abnormality leading to the increased HIV replication, is supposed to be a possible target for anti-AIDS drugs. We recently established a cell line (MIT-23) in which Vpr-induced cell cycle perturbation could be manipulated by a tetracycline promoter. Here
Heat shock cognate protein 70 is a cell fusion-enhancing factor but not an entry factor for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Aug 2;261(2):357-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99355576; Fang D; Haraguchi Y; Jinno A; Soda Y; Shimizu N; Hoshino H; Department of Virology and Preventive Medicine, Gunma University; School of Medicine, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511,; Japan.; Heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70) has been shown to bind to the peptide corresponding to amino acids 197 to 216 of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) envelope protein, gp46, and an anti-HSC70 monoclonal antibody (mAb) inhibits HTLV-I-induced syncytium formation. These findings suggest that HSC70 is ne
Mutagenic activity and DNA adduct formation by 1, 2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane, an HIV-1 protease inhibitor and GST substrate.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Aug 11;261(3):844-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99373166; Said B; Matsumoto DC; Hamade AK; Shank RC; Department of Community and Environmental Medicine, College of; Medicine, Irvine, California, 92697-1820, USA.; Acid protease inhibitor 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane (ENPP) is commonly used in research as a substrate for glutathione-S-transferase activity (GST) and recently was found to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease. The question of DNA-adduct formation and mutagenicity was investigated and found
Cytokine expression in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques: dominance of pro-inflammatory (Th1) and macrophage-stimulating cytokines.: Atherosclerosis. 1999 Jul;145(1):33-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99355247; Frosteg~ard J; Ulfgren AK; Nyberg P; Hedin U; Swedenborg J; Andersson U; Hansson GK; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska; Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; The atherosclerotic lesion contains large numbers of macrophages and T lymphocytes. This suggests that a cellular immune response may take place in the lesion, and oxidized lipoproteins, heat shock proteins, and micro-organisms have been implied as candidate antigens. However, the effector mechanisms elicited by this
Impaired glucose tolerance, beta cell function and lipid metabolism in HIV patients under treatment with protease inhibitors.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):F63-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342905; Behrens G; Dejam A; Schmidt H; Balks HJ; Brabant G; Korner T; Stoll M; Schmidt RE; Department of Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany.; behrens.georg@mh-hannover.de; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate metabolic abnormalities, beta-cell function, lipid profile and vascular risk factors in HIV patients on protease inhibitors (PI). DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS: Thirty-eight HIV-1-infected patients receiving at least one
Does tuberculosis accelerate the progression of HIV disease? Evidence from basic science and epidemiology.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1151-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342906; Del Amo J; Malin AS; Pozniak A; De Cock KM; Tuberculosis Research Unit, Subdireccion General de; Epidemiologia e Informacion Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud; Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. jdelamo@isciii.es
Unscheduled cyclin B expression and p34 cdc2 activation in T lymphocytes from HIV-infected patients.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1159-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342907; Piedimonte G; Corsi D; Paiardini M; Cannavo G; Ientile R; Picerno I; Montroni M; Silvestri G; Magnani M; University of Messina Centro di Patologia Comparata dei; Retrovirus, Messina, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To study the role of cell cycle regulation during HIV infection by investigating in vivo and in vitro cyclin B and p34 cdc kinase expression. METHODS: Cyclin B expression was analysed by Western blot in CD4 and CD8 cells from 25 HIV-infected patients and 24 uninfected individuals. In eight patients, a seque
Variability and evolution of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in Europe and Africa. International Collaborative Group.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1165-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +; Cook PM; Whitby D; Calabro ML; Luppi M; Kakoola DN; Hjalgrim H; Ariyoshi K; Ensoli B; Davison AJ; Schulz TF; Department of Medical Microbiology, The University of Liverpool,; UK.; OBJECTIVE: To study the evolution of Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus type 8 in Europe and Africa. DESIGN AND METHODS: PCR and sequence analysis of the variable viral membrane glycoprotein gene K1 in 58 tumour and peripheral blood samples from patients with AIDS-related Kaposi s sarc
HIV infection perturbs DNA content of lymphoid cells: partial correction after 'suppression' of virus replication.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1177-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342909; Patki AH; Purvis SF; Valdez H; Spritzler J; Connick E; Kuritzkes DR; Kessler H; Fox L; St. Clair M; Landay A; Lederman MM; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University; Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To examine the DNA content of circulating lymphocytes obtained from HIV-1-infected persons and to explore the effects of antiretroviral therapy on these indices. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis and 48-week open label treatment trial (AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 315) of zidovudine, lamivudine and
Long-term evaluation of T-cell subsets and T-cell function after HAART in advanced stage HIV-1 disease.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1187-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342910; Mezzaroma I; Carlesimo M; Pinter E; Alario C; Sacco G; Muratori DS; Bernardi ML; Paganelli R; Aiuti F; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Rome, La Sapienza,; Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of immunological reconstitution after 2 years of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in AIDS patients. DESIGN: Previous data showed the effectiveness of HAART but conflicting evidence of immune reconstitution has been found in severely immunocompromised patients. Therefore, T-cell subse
Short-term growth hormone administration at the time of opportunistic infections in HIV-positive patients.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1195-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342911; Paton NI; Newton PJ; Sharpstone DR; Ross HM; Cotton J; Calder AG; Milne E; Elia M; Shah S; Engrand P; Macallan DC; Gazzard BG; Griffin GE; St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: A 12-week course of recombinant human growth hormone is an effective but expensive therapy for established HIV-related wasting. Wasting in HIV disease is often episodic, coinciding with bouts of acute opportunistic infection. We hypothesized that a short course of growth hormone, targeted at the time of op
Loss of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viraemia following highly active antiretroviral therapy in the absence of specific anti-CMV therapy.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1203-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342912; Deayton J; Mocroft A; Wilson P; Emery VC; Johnson MA; Griffiths PD; Department of Virology, Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust and Royal; Free and University College School of Medicine, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) viraemia and retinitis in patients at high risk of disease. DESIGN: Sixteen patients with CMV viraemia, but no eviden
Efficacy of salvage therapy containing ritonavir and saquinavir after failure of single protease inhibitor-containing regimens.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1207-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342913; Hall CS; Raines CP; Barnett SH; Moore RD; Gallant JE; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,; USA.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of salvage therapy containing ritonavir and saquinavir after failure of indinavir- or nelfinavir-containing regimens, and to determine correlates of success or failure. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING. The
Long-term evaluation of triple nucleoside therapy administered from primary HIV-1 infection.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1213-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342914; Poggi C; Profizi N; Djediouane A; Chollet L; Hittinger G; Lafeuillade A; Laboratory of Biology, General Hospital, Toulon, France.; OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term effect of triple-drug therapy initiated at the time of primary HIV-1 Infection and to evaluate the persistance of replication-competent virus in responding patients. METHODS: Prospective open-label pilot study. Patients received a combination of zidovudine, didanosine and lamivudine.
The influence of nutritional and metabolic status on progression from asymptomatic HIV infection to AIDS-defining diagnosis.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1221-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342915; Sharpstone D; Murray C; Ross H; Phelan M; Crane R; Lepri AC; Nelson M; Gazzard B; Department of HIV/GUM, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London,; UK.; BACKGROUND: Changes in body weight and lean tissue increase morbidity and mortality during AIDS; however there are few data on the effect of alterations in nutrition and metabolism on disease progression at earlier stages of HIV infection. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether change in weight, lean tissue or skeletal muscle
Indinavir-based treatment of HIV-1 infected patients: efficacy in the central nervous system.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1227-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342916; Martin C; Sonnerborg A; Svensson JO; St~ahle L; Department of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge; University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.; OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacy of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) indinavir in the central nervous system (CNS). DESIGN: Twenty-five consecutive HIV-1 infected patients on
Spread of HIV infection in a rural area of Tanzania.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1233-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342917; Boerma JT; Urassa M; Senkoro K; Klokke A; Ngweshemi JZ; Carolina Population Center and Maternal and Child Health; Department, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina; at Chapel Hill 27516, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the spread of HIV into rural areas. METHODS: Since 1994 a demographic surveillance system (with 5-monthly rounds) and open adult cohort study have been established in a rural ward in Tanzania . Two sero-surveys of all resident adults aged 15-44 and 15-46 years
How soon after HIV seroconversion is antiretroviral therapy initiated? The UK Register of HIV Seroconverters Steering Committee.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1241-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342918; OBJECTIVE: To estimate the time from HIV seroconversion to initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) and whether this has changed over calendar time, and to estimate the CD4 cell count at which ART is initiated. DESIGN: Data from a cohort of HIV seroconverters in the UK were analysed with the initiation of ART as the ou
Changes to AIDS dementia complex in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1249-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342919; Dore GJ; Correll PK; Li Y; Kaldor JM; Cooper DA; Brew BJ; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, Australia.; gdore@nchecr.unsw.edu.au; OBJECTIVES: To determine the protective efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) against AIDS dementia complex (ADC) relative to other initial AIDS-defining illnesses (ADIs), Australian AIDS notification data over recent years were examined. METHODS: All initial ADI
The changing pattern of admissions to a London hospital of patients with HIV: 1988-1997. Royal Free Centre for HIV Medicine.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1255-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342920; Mocroft A; Barry S; Sabin CA; Lepri AC; Kinloch S; Drinkwater A; Lipman M; Youle M; Johnson MA; Phillips AN; Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free; Centre for HIV Medicine, Royal Free and University College; Medical School, University College London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To describe the changes over time in incidence of hospital admissions among patients with HIV, reasons for hospital admission, duration of stay, relationship with CD4 T-cell count and with antiretroviral treatment. METHODS: The incidence of hospital admissions during each calendar year from 1988 to 1997 inc
Sexual behaviours, perception of risk of HIV infection, and factors associated with attending HIV post-test counselling in Ethiopia.: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1263-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342921; Sahlu T; Kassa E; Agonafer T; Tsegaye A; Rinke de Wit T; Gebremariam H; Doorly R; Spijkerman I; Yeneneh H; Coutinho RA; Fontanet AL; Ethiopian Netherlands AIDS Research Project, Ethiopian Health and; Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa.; OBJECTIVES: To describe sexual behaviours, perception of risk of HIV infection, and factors associated with attending HIV post-test counselling (PTC) among Ethiopian adults. METHODS: Data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of HIV infection, sexual history, medical examination, and HIV and syphilis serolog
Lactoferrin inhibits HIV-1 replication in vitro and exhibits synergy when combined with zidovudine [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1273-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342922; Viani RM; Gutteberg TJ; Lathey JL; Spector SA
HIV-associated non-mycobacterial sepsis-bacteraemia, before and during the highly active antiretroviral therapy era [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1274-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342923; Manfredi R; Nanetti A; Ferri M; Chiodo F
Identification of reverse transcriptase mutations associated with HIV-1 drug resistance mainly against non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treatment-naive patients [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1276-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342924; Magiorkinis E; Paraskevis D; Lazanas M; Kiosses VG; Gargalianos P; Hatzakis A
Clinical benefits of resistance assay for HIV-specific protease inhibitors: when to check and in whom? [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1278-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342925; Aizawa S; Gatanaga H; Ida S; Sakai A; Tanaka M; Takahashi Y; Hirabayashi Y; Oka S
Highly active antiretroviral therapy among drug users in Amsterdam: self-perceived reasons for not receiving therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1280-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342926; van der Werf MJ; Schinkel J; van Santen G; Vergouwe I; Wix RA; van Ameijden EJ
Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma HIV-1 RNA stability at 4 degrees C [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1281-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342927; Ahmad M; Tashima KT; Caliendo AM; Flanigan TP
Antiphospholipid antibodies are an epiphenomenon in HIV-infected patients [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1282-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342928; Ankri A; Bonmarchand M; Coutellier A; Herson S; Karmochkine M
Immune activation and plasma viral load in HIV-infected African individuals [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jul 9;13(10):1283-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99342929; Dyer JR; Hoffman IF; Eron JJ Jr; Fiscus SA; Cohen MS
Randomized trial comparing saquinavir soft gelatin capsules versus indinavir as part of triple therapy (CHEESE study).: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):F53-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284263; Cohen Stuart JW; Schuurman R; Burger DM; Koopmans PP; Sprenger HG; Juttmann JR; Richter C; Meenhorst PL; Hoetelmans RM; Kroon FP; Bravenboer B; Hamann D; Boucher CA; Borleffs JC; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Utrecht,; Eijkman Winkler Institute, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy and tolerability of saquinavir soft gelatin capsule (SQV-SGC) formulation and indinavir , both given as part of a triple drug regimen containing zidovudine and lamivudine, in HIV-1-infected individuals. DESIGN: Randomized
The HIV/AIDS epidemic in eastern Europe: recent patterns and trends and their implications for policy-making [editorial]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):741-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284264; Dehne KL; Khodakevich L; Hamers FF; Schwartlander B; OBJECTIVE: To describe recent patterns and trends in the HIV epidemic in eastern Europe. METHODS: AIDS programme managers and epidemiologists of 23 countries were contacted and requested to provide national HIV surveillance data. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS/World Health Organisation country fact sheets
Human astrocytes inhibit HIV-1 expression in monocyte-derived macrophages by secreted factors.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):751-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284265; Hori K; Burd PR; Kutza J; Weih KA; Clouse KA; Division of Cytokine Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and; Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of primary human fetal and adult astrocytes on HIV-1 replication in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). DESIGN: HIV-1 can infect the brain in the early stage of systemic infection. The HIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complex develops later in the course of the disease, suggesting t
Depletion in blood CD11c-positive dendritic cells from HIV-infected patients.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):759-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284266; Grassi F; Hosmalin A; McIlroy D; Calvez V; Debre P; Autran B; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire URA CNRS 625,; Hopital de la Pitie, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To quantify blood dendritic cells from HIV-positive patients and to study the expression of functional molecules, in relation to HIV viral load, CD4 cell counts and antiretroviral treatment. DESIGN AND METHODS: Three-colour flow cytometry analysis was used to quantify blood dendritic cells without previous
A recombinant vaccinia virus based ELISPOT assay detects high frequencies of Pol-specific CD8 T cells in HIV-1-positive individuals.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):767-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284267; Larsson M; Jin X; Ramratnam B; Ogg GS; Engelmayer J; Demoitie MA; McMichael AJ; Cox WI; Steinman RM; Nixon D; Bhardwaj N; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, The Rockefeller; University, New York, NY 10021-6399, USA.; OBJECTIVES: HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells are considered to be critical in anti-HIV responses. It is important to quantify these cells and to determine their antigenic targets. Here quantification of interferon (IFN)-gamma secreting, virus-specific cells was achieved with an enzyme linked immuno spot (ELISPOT) assay. MET
Early effects of antiretroviral combination therapy on activation, apoptosis and regeneration of T cells in HIV-1-infected children and adolescents.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):779-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284268; Bohler T; Walcher J; Holzl-Wenig G; Geiss M; Buchholz B; Linde R; Debatin KM; Division of Molecular Oncology, German Cancer Research Center,; Heidelberg.; OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between apoptosis, activation and regeneration of T cells, and viral replication in paediatric patients with HIV-1 infection during antiretroviral therapy (ART). DESIGN: In 15 HIV-1-positive children and adolescents sequential blood samples were obtained during 16 episodes of ART
Viral load and burden modification following early antiretroviral therapy of primary HIV-1 infection.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):791-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284269; Lillo FB; Ciuffreda D; Veglia F; Capiluppi B; Mastrorilli E; Vergani B; Tambussi G; Lazzarin A; Laboratory of Virology, AIDS Center San Luigi, IRCCS--Hospital; San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. lillo.flavia@hsr.it; OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to monitor the effect on viral DNA and RNA of early treatment with highly aggressive antiretroviral therapy (HAART), in comparison with zidovudine (ZDV) monotherapy or no treatment in subjects with primary HIV-1 infection (PHI). DESIGN AND METHODS: Of the 28 patients selected, four
The use of plasma HIV RNA as a study endpoint in efficacy trials of antiretroviral drugs.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):797-804. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284270; Murray JS; Elashoff MR; Iacono-Connors LC; Cvetkovich TA; Struble KA; Division of Antiviral Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation; and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland,; USA.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the utility of HIV RNA as an endpoint in antiretroviral efficacy studies. DESIGN: Data collected from antiretroviral efficacy trials were analyzed to explore relationships between clinical progression and the magnitude, nadir and duration of HIV RNA reductions. The proportion of patients suppre
Reversion of metabolic abnormalities after switching from HIV-1 protease inhibitors to nevirapine.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):805-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284271; Martinez E; Conget I; Lozano L; Casamitjana R; Gatell JM; Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques; August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.; OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of switching from HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PI) to nevirapine on metabolic abnormalities in patients with fat redistribution and on CD4 T lymphocytes and plasma HI
Twice-weekly, directly observed treatment for HIV-infected and uninfected tuberculosis patients: cohort study in rural South Africa.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):811-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284272; Davies GR; Connolly C; Sturm AW; McAdam KP; Wilkinson D; Hlabisa Hospital, South Africa.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of twice-weekly directly observed therapy (DOT) for tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected and uninfected patients, irrespective of their previous treatment history. Also to determine the predictive value of 2-3 month smears on treatment outcome. METHODS: Four hundred and sixteen n
Intestinal parasites in patients with diarrhea and human immunodeficiency virus infection in Zimbabwe.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):819-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284273; Gumbo T; Sarbah S; Gangaidzo IT; Ortega Y; Sterling CR; Carville A; Tzipori S; Wiest PM; Department of Infectious Disease, Cleveland Clinic Foundation,; Ohio, USA.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and risk factors for infection associated with diarrhea in HIV-infected patients in Harare, Zimbabwe . DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: Single stool samples were collected from 88 HIV-infected individ
Detection and quantification of HIV-1 in semen: identification of a subpopulation of men at high potential risk of viral sexual transmission.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):823-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284274; Tachet A; Dulioust E; Salmon D; De Almeida M; Rivalland S; Finkielsztejn L; Heard I; Jouannet P; Sicard D; Rouzioux C; Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Necker-Enfants Malades, Hopital; Cochin Port-Royal, Paris, France.; BACKGROUND: To assess HIV burden in both acellular and cellular fractions of semen in men with different levels of blood plasma HIV RNA by a cross-sectional study. PATIENTS: Fifty-two HIV-1-seropositive men (21 receiving antiretroviral therapy) with CD4 cell counts ranging from 1 to 1170 x 10(6)/l. METHODS: Semen was
HIV prevalence and risk behaviour among female injecting drug users in London, 1990 to 1996.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):833-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284275; Judd A; Hunter GM; Maconochie N; Hickman M; Parry JV; Renton AM; Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Department of; Social Science and Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine,; University of London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in HIV prevalence among female injecting drug users (IDU) in London between 1990 and 1996. DESIGN: HIV prevalence and risk behaviour were measured yearly between 1990 and 1993, and in 1996, in point prevalence HIV surveys of IDU recruited from both drug-treatment and community-based setti
Risk of cancer in people with AIDS.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):839-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284276; Grulich AE; Wan X; Law MG; Coates M; Kaldor JM; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, New; South Wales Cancer Council, Sydney, Australia.; OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the incidence of cancers other than the AIDS-defining cancers is increased in people with AIDS, and to determine if cancer incidence increases with time, a surrogate marker of declining immune function. DESIGN: Register-based retrospective cohort study in New South Wales,
HIV incidence among repeat HIV testers with sexually transmitted diseases in Italy. STD Surveillance Working Group.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):845-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284277; Suligoi B; Giuliani M; Galai N; Balducci M; National AIDS Centre, Laboratory of Epidemiology and; Biostatistics, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To provide data on the incidence of HIV infection among repeat testers with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in Italy . DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal study. METHODS: Study participants, enrolled by 47 STD centres throughout Italy, included individuals with a newly
Quality of life outcomes of combination zalcitabine-zidovudine, saquinavir-zidovudine, and saquinavir-zalcitabine-zidovudine therapy for HIV-infected adults with CD4 cell counts between 50 and 350 per cubic millimeter. PISCES (SV14604) Study Group.: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):851-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284278; Revicki DA; Moyle G; Stellbrink HJ; Barker C; MEDTAP International, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.; revicki@medtap.com; BACKGROUND: This double-blind study evaluated treatment with zalcitabine-zidovudine, saquinavir-zidovudine, or saquinavir-zalcitabine-zidovudine on the health-related quality of life of HIV-infected adults with CD4 cell counts between 50 and 350 cells/mm3. METHODS: Nine hundred and ninety-three HIV-infected male or fe
Poor penetration of the male genital tract by HIV-1 protease inhibitors [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):859-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284279; Taylor S; Back DJ; Workman J; Drake SM; White DJ; Choudhury B; Cane PA; Beards GM; Halifax K; Pillay D
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition of HLA-B*5101-restricted HIV-1 Rev epitope which is naturally processed in HIV-1-infected cells [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):861-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284280; Tomiyama H; Chujoh Y; Shioda T; Miwa K; Oka S; Kaneko Y; Takiguchi M
Polymorphism at codon 54 of mannose-binding protein gene influences AIDS progression but not HIV infection in exposed children [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):863-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284281; Amoroso A; Berrino M; Boniotto M; Crovella S; Palomba E; Scarlatti G; Serra C; Tovo PA; Vatta S
Salvage therapy with ritonavir-saquinavir plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in patients failing with amprenavir-zidovudine-lamivudine [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):864-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284282; De Wit S; Cassano P; Hermans P; Kabeya K; Gerard M; O'Doherty E; Clumeck N
Lipodystrophy associated with nevirapine-containing antiretroviral therapies [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):865-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284283; Aldeen T; Wells C; Hay P; Davidson F; Lau R
Cytomegalovirus (re)activation plays no role in the ocular vitritis observed after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):867. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284284; Boyraz-Ikiz HD; Witmer JP; Frissen PH
Gemfibrozil effectively lowers protease inhibitor-associated hypertriglyceridemia in HIV-1-positive patients [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):868-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284285; Hewitt RG; Shelton MJ; Esch LD
Reply to Gonzalez and Everall: Lest we forget: neuropsychiatry and the new generation anti-HIV drugs [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):869. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284286; Colebunders R; Verdonck K
High plasma levels of nelfinavir and efavirenz in two HIV-positive patients with hepatic disease [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):870-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284287; Maserati R; Villani P; Seminari E; Pan A; Lo Caputo S; Regazzi MB
Analysis of the CC chemokine receptor 5 m303 mutation in infants born to HIV-1-seropositive mothers [letter]: AIDS. 1999 May 7;13(7):871-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284288; Ometto L; Bertorelle R; Mainardi M; Giurisato M; Chieco-Bianchi L; De Rossi A
Merck Frosst Award Lecture 1998. Molecular dissection of the human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein.: Biochem Cell Biol. 1999;77(1):11-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99353325; Loo TW; Clarke DM; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.; The human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein is an ATP-dependent drug pump that extrudes a broad range of cytotoxic agents from the cell. Its physiological role may be to protect the body from endogenous and exogenous cytotoxic agents. The protein has clinical importance because it contributes to the phenomenon of mu
Expression of a novel Nef epitope on the surface of HIV type 1-infected cells.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):1001-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372984; Yamada T; Iwamoto A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science,; University of Tokyo, Japan.; We compared antibody responses to various structural and accessory gene products of HIV-1 between long-term nonprogressors and patients who have progressed to AIDS. On the basis of our results, we performed epitope mapping of the Nef protein and identified a novel epitope. This novel epitope of the Nef protein was fou
Delivery of liposome-encapsulated HIV type 1 proteins to human dendritic cells for stimulation of HIV type 1-specific memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):1011-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372985; Zheng L; Huang XL; Fan Z; Borowski L; Wilson CC; Rinaldo CR Jr; Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh,; Pennsylvania 15261, USA.; An important aspect of vaccine development involves delivery of antigens to antigen-presenting cells for the induction of potent antigen-specific T lymphocyte responses. We investigated the effect of a cationic liposome, lipofectin, on delivery of whole proteins to human dendritic cells (DCs) derived from blood mononu
An algorithm for evaluating human cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to candidate AIDS vaccines.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):1021-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372986; Carruth LM; Greten TF; Murray CE; Castro MG; Crone SN; Pavlat W; Schneck JP; Siliciano RF; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.; lcarruth@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu; Development of an effective vaccine against HIV-1 will likely require the induction of a broad array of immune responses, including virus-specific CTLs and neutralizing antibodies. One promising vaccine approach involves live recombinant canarypox (CP)-based vectors (ALVAC) containing multiple HIV-1 genes. In phase I
Comparison of complete env gene sequences from individuals with symptomatic primary HIV type 1 infection.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):1035-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF041135; Ataman-Onal Y; Coiffier C; Giraud A; Babic-Erceg A; Biron F; Verrier B; UMR 103, Unite Mixte CNRS/bioMerieux, Lyon, France.
Phylogenetic relatedness of HTLV type I from Bellona, a Polynesian outlier within the Solomon Islands, to HTLV type I from Japan and far Eastern Asia.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):1041-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF124043; Ohkura S; Yanagihara R; Yamashita M; Hayami M; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Research Center for AIDS,; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
HIV type 1 genetic variability in the northern part of Cameroon.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):951-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372978; Mboudjeka I; Zekeng L; Takehisa J; Miura T; Ido E; Yamashita M; Kaptue L; Hayami M; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Institute for Virus Research,; Kyoto University, Japan.; In 1995, 53 blood samples from Muslim patients with AIDS, or who were thought to have AIDS, were collected in the main hospitals of Adamaoua Province, in the northern part of Cameroon . The variable env C2V3 region of HIV-1 was amplified by nested PCR and phylogenetically analyzed
High concordance between polymerase chain reaction and antibody testing of specimens from individuals dually infected with HIV types 1 and 2 in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):957-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372979; Walther-Jallow L; Andersson S; da Silva Z; Biberfeld G; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Microbiology; and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute, Solna.; In this study we have evaluated the concordance between serology, using five commercially available antibody assays designed to discriminate between HIV-1 and HIV-2, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of HIV-1 and HIV-2 dual infection. Thirty-seven HIV-1 and HIV-2 dually reactive serum samples f
Phenotypic analysis of CD8+ T lymphocytes in a cohort of HIV type 1-infected patients treated with saquinavir, ritonavir, and two nucleoside analogs for 1 year, and association with plasma HIV type 1 RNA.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):963-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372980; Kaufmann GR; Zaunders JJ; Cunningham P; Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW,; Australia. g.kaufmann@arnie.cfi.unsw.edu.au; The phenotype of circulating CD8+ T lymphocytes and its association with plasma HIV-1 RNA were analyzed in 34 HIV-1-infected subjects, who were treated with saquinavir, ritonavir , and two nucleoside analogs (HAART) for 1 year. Four-color flow cytometr
Lymphoproliferative response to HIV type 1 p24 in long-term survivors of HIV type 1 infection is predictive of persistent AIDS-free infection.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):973-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372981; Pontesilli O; Carotenuto P; Kerkhof-Garde SR; Roos MT; Keet IP; Coutinho RA; Goudsmit J; Miedema F; Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, Academic Medical Center,; University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; pontesilli@viro.fgg.eur.nl; To establish immunologic correlates of progression to AIDS in long-term survivors of HIV-1 infection, HIV-1-specific T cell-mediated responses, together with T cell reactivity to recall antigens, were studied in frozen samples collected after 5 and 8 years of documented HIV-1 infection. Eight of 21 homosexual men, who
Role of CD4 and CCR5 levels in the susceptibility of primary macrophages to infection by CCR5-dependent HIV type 1 isolates.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):983-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372982; Pesenti E; Pastore C; Lillo F; Siccardi AG; Vercelli D; Lopalco L; Molecular Immunoregulation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific; Institute, Milan, Italy.; Macrophages are a preferred target for sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates that use CCR5 as a coreceptor in combination with CD4. To assess whether the susceptibility of MDMs to infection by an R5 isolate was influenced by CD4 and/or CCR5 expression, levels of membrane CD4 or CCR5
Coreceptor ligand inhibition of fetal brain cell infection by HIV type 1.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jul 20;15(11):989-1000. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99372983; Hibbitts S; Reeves JD; Simmons G; Gray PW; Epstein LG; Schols D; de Clercq E; Wells TN; Proudfoot AE; Clapham PR; Section of Virology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of; Cancer Research, London, UK.; The capacity of a panel of HIV-1 isolates to infect primary mixed fetal brain cell cultures was estimated and their sensitivity to inhibition by a range of coreceptor ligands assessed. Our results show that (1) HIV-1 strains that predominantly use CCR5 or only CXCR4 are able to infect microglia in primary brain cell c
Toward an HIV type 1 vaccine that generates potent, broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):689-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284356; Montefiori DC; Evans TG; Center for AIDS Research, Department of Surgery, Duke University; Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.; monte005@mc.duke.edu
High rate of human T lymphotropic virus type IIa infection in HIV type 1-infected intravenous drug abusers in Ireland.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):699-705. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284357; Egan JF; O'Leary B; Lewis MJ; Mulcahy F; Sheehy N; Hasegawa H; Fitzpatrick F; O'Connor JJ; O'Riordan J; Hall WW; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College Dublin,; Belfield, Ireland.; Serological and molecular analyses of a cohort of HIV-1-infected intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs) (n = 103) in Dublin, Ireland have demonstrated that 15 of 103 (14.6%) were infected with HTLV-II, which is the highest infection rate
Coreceptor requirements of primary HIV type 1 group O isolates from Cameroon.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):707-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284358; Dittmar MT; Zekeng L; Kaptue L; Eberle J; Krausslich HG; Gurtler L; Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Hamburg, Germany.; mtd@hpi.uni-hamburg.de; HIV-1 group O has its epicenter in Cameroon and neighboring countries and is responsible for 3 to 5% of all HIV infections in this region. It is believed that HIV-1 group O was introduced into the human population by a separate cross-species transmission, occurring independently
Treatment of AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma with zidovudine, ganciclovir, and interleukin 2.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):713-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284359; Raez L; Cabral L; Cai JP; Landy H; Sfakianakis G; Byrne GE Jr; Hurley J; Scerpella E; Jayaweera D; Harrington WJ Jr; Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Miami School of; Medicine/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Florida 33136, USA.; AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (AIDS PCNSL) is a rapidly fatal disease. Conventional therapeutic modalities offer little and new approaches are needed. Previous work has shown that zidovudine ( AZT ) in combination with other agent
Sequential analysis of apoptosis induction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymph nodes in the early phase of pathogenic and nonpathogenic SIVmac infection.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):721-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284360; Iida T; Ichimura H; Ui M; Shimada T; Akahata W; Igarashi T; Kuwata T; Ido E; Yonehara S; Imanishi J; Hayami M; Department of Microbiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of; Medicine, Japan. iida@basic.kpu-m.ac.jp; To investigate the role of apoptosis in the early phase of HIV infection, we used macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus strain mac (SIVmac) as a primate model and examined sequentially the characteristics of apoptosis of lymphocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and lymph nodes in the ea
Role of the HIV type 1 glycoprotein 120 V3 loop in determining coreceptor usage.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):731-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284361; Verrier F; Borman AM; Brand D; Girard M; Unite de Virologie Moleculaire (CNRS URA 1966), Departement de; Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; Macrophage (M)-tropic HIV-1 isolates use the beta-chemokine receptor CCR5 as a coreceptor for entry, while T cell line-adapted (TCLA) strains use CXCR4 and dual-tropic strains can use either CCR5 or CXCR4. To investigate the viral determinants involved in choice of coreceptor, we used a fusion assay based on the infec
Molecular analysis of the full-length genome of HIV type 1 subtype I: evidence of A/G/I recombination.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):745-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284362; Nasioulas G; Paraskevis D; Magiorkinis E; Theodoridou M; Hatzakis A; National Retrovirus Reference Center, Department of Hygiene and; Epidemiology, Athens University Medical School, Greece.; Phylogenetic analysis of partial env sequences of HIV-1 isolates from Cyprus and Greece suggested the existence of a distinct subtype of the viru
A sensitive and versatile bioluminescence bioassay for HIV type 1 based on adenoviral vectors.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):759-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284363; Axelrod JH; Honigman A; Department of Virology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical; School, Jerusalem, Israel. Axelrod@hadassah.org.il; The construction and characterization of a versatile bioassay for the quantification of HIV-1 viral infection and HIV-1 Tat protein activity based on recombinant adenoviral vectors carrying an HIV LTR-driven luciferase reporter gene is described. The assay system consists of a set of two adeno-reporter vectors, one of
Phylogeny of HIV type 1 group O isolates based on env gene sequences.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):769-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U24568; Mas A; Quinones-Mateu ME; Domingo E; Soriano V; Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, UAM, Cantoblanco,; Madrid, Spain.
Similar HIV-1 subtype A V3 loop sequences are found in dual HIV-1/HIV-2 and HIV-1-only seropositives in Ghana.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):775-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF116895; Sagoe KW; Britton S; Mingle JA; Affram K; Djokoto A; Sonnerborg A; Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Pathology, and Infectious; Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital,; Huddinge/Stockholm, Sweden. kwsa@labd01.hs.sll.se
Phylogenetic analysis of simian T lymphotropic virus type I from Kenyan olive baboons (Papio anubis), lowland Sykes monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis), and vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus).: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):781-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF117294; van Rensburg E; Engelbrecht S; Robson B; Langat D; Isahakia M; Mwenda J; Department of Medical Virology, University of Stellenbosch, and; Tygerberg Hospital, South Africa. ejvr1@maties.sun.ac.za
Alternative interpretation of lymphocyte depletion studies using monoclonal antibodies in animals previously vaccinated with attenuated retroviral vaccines [letter]: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 May 20;15(8):785. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284367; Dittmer U; Hasenkrug KJ
Serologic and genetic characterization of HIV type 1 subtypes on Reunion Island.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):787-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/Y18601; Brengel-Pesce K; Innocenti-Francillard P; Morand P; Michault A; Poubeau P; Barin F; Saragosti S; Seigneurin JM; Department of Virology/RHAP CNRS, Faculty of Medicine/University; Hospital, Grenoble, France.; The aim of this study was to determine the HIV subtypes present on Reunion Island, a French island located in the Indian Ocean, where the first case of AIDS was diagnosed in 1987. Paired sera and blood samples were collected between
Intracellular activation of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine and drug interactions in vitro.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):793-802. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308897; Kewn S; Hoggard PG; Henry-Mowatt JS; Veal GJ; Sales SD; Barry MG; Back DJ; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of; Liverpool, UK. s.kewn@liverpool.ac.uk; Didanosine (2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine; ddI) requires intracellular metabolism to its active triphosphate, 2 ,3 -dideoxyadenosine 5 -triphosphate (ddATP), to inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We have investigated the metabolism of ddI to ddATP in the presence and absence of a range of compounds.
Downregulation of Bcl-2, but not of Bax or Bcl-x, is associated with T lymphocyte apoptosis in HIV infection and restored by antiretroviral therapy or by interleukin 2.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):803-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308898; Regamey N; Harr T; Battegay M; Erb P; Basel Center for HIV Research, Switzerland.; The role of Bcl-2, Bax, and Bcl-x in the apoptosis of T lymphocytes in HIV-infected individuals was investigated. A strong correlation between Bcl-2 downregulation and spontaneous apoptosis has been reported by various groups in short-term cultures of CD8+ but not of CD4+ T lymphocytes. We describe a similar correlati
Independent evolution of HIV type 1 in different brain regions.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):811-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308899; Shapshak P; Segal DM; Crandall KA; Fujimura RK; Zhang BT; Xin KQ; Okuda K; Petito CK; Eisdorfer C; Goodkin K; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and; Comprehensive Drug Research Center, University of Miami School of; Medicine, Florida 33136, USA. pshapsha@med.miami.edu; HIV-1-associated brain pathology exhibits regional variability and we therefore studied the genetic differences in the V1-V5 domains of the HIV env gene in up to four regions of brain (frontal lobe, basal ganglia, medial temporal lobe, and nonmedial temporal lobe) from three patients. We found that in each separate br
HTLV type I Tax activation of the CXCR4 promoter by association with nuclear respiratory factor 1.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):821-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308900; Moriuchi M; Moriuchi H; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892, USA.; Human T lymphotropic virus type I trans-activator Tax protein regulates expression of several cellular genes that are involved in cellular activation, proliferation, and transformation. Tax mediates its regulatory activity through interaction with cellular transcription factors such as members of the cAMP-responsive e
Effect of insulin-like growth factor I on HIV type 1 long terminal repeat-driven chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):829-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308901; Germinario RJ; Colby-Germinario SP; Acel A; Chandok R; Davison K; Mak J; Kleiman L; Faust E; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; In this study, we have investigated the ability of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) to inhibit HIV long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven gene expression. Using COS 7 cells cotransfected with tat and an HIV LTR linked to a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter, we observed that physiological levels of IGF-I
Immune activation and virologic response to immunization in recent HIV type 1 seroconverters.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):837-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308902; Janoff EN; Tasker SA; Stevenson M; Rubins JB; O'Brien J; Utz G; Weiss P; Hall FW; Wallace MR; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Minneapolis, Minnesota 55417, USA. janof001@tc.umn.edu; Antigenic stimulation from invasive bacterial infections, and the vaccines designed to prevent them, may promote T cell activation and enhancement of HIV-1 replication. Changes in viral load have been correlated with antigen-specific responses. We prospectively determined the impact of immunization with 23-valent pneu
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in HIV type 1-infected patients receiving VaxSyn, a recombinant gp160 envelope vaccine.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308903; Cox JH; Garner RP; Redfield RR; Aronson NE; Davis C
Inhibition of the anti-V3 loop response to a recombinant gp120SF2 vaccine by preexisting monoclonal antibody.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):855-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308904; Keller MA; Arora Y; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance,; California 90509, USA. keller@harbor2.humc.edu; Our previous studies have shown that maternally transferred MAb 83.1 (Repligen), which recognizes the V3 loop of HIV-1SF2, inhibited the anti-V3 IgG response of offspring BALB/c mice immunized with rgp120SF2 (Chiron). To determine the mechanism of this epitope-specific inhibition, MAb 83.1 was directly administered in
Conformational changes of gp120 in epitopes near the CCR5 binding site are induced by CD4 and a CD4 miniprotein mimetic.: Biochemistry. 1999 Jul 20;38(29):9405-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99343556; Zhang W; Canziani G; Plugariu C; Wyatt R; Sodroski J; Sweet R; Kwong P; Hendrickson W; Chaiken I; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.; Binding of the T-cell antigen CD4 to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 has been reported to induce conformational rearrangements in the envelope complex that facilitate recognition of the CCR5 coreceptor and consequent viral entry into cells. To better understand the mechanism of
Mechanistic studies examining the efficiency and fidelity of DNA synthesis by the 3TC-resistant mutant (184V) of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: Biochemistry. 1999 Jul 20;38(29):9440-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99343560; Feng JY; Anderson KS; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine,; New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8066, USA.; A single amino acid substitution from methionine-184 to valine (M184V) of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) evokes the 1000-fold 3TC ( Lamivudine ) resistance by the HIV-1 virus observed
Preventing the high-risk sexual behavior of adolescents: focus on HIV/AIDS transmission, unintended pregnancy, or both?: J Adolesc Health. 1999 Jun;24(6):376-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99328391; Whaley AL; Department of Social Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric; Institute, Columbia School of Public Health, New York, USA.; Adolescents are at high risk for negative health outcomes associated with unprotected sexual intercourse including infection with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and unintended pregnancy. That unprotected sexual intercourse is the risk behavior common to both problems has not
Use of Western-based HIV risk-reduction interventions targeting adolescents in an African setting.: J Adolesc Health. 1999 Jul;25(1):52-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99345227; Fitzgerald AM; Stanton BF; Terreri N; Shipena H; Li X; Kahihuata J; Ricardo IB; Galbraith JS; De Jaeger AM; UNICEF Windhoek, Sanlam Center, Namibia.; PURPOSE: To evaluate an intervention (based on one which had previously been successful in reducing adolescent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors in the United States ) among adolescents residing in Namibia , a country located in sub-S
Abnormal lipids and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: is there a problem and what should we do about it?: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):353-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341842; Crook MA; Mir N; Department of Chemical Pathology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital; and University Hospital Lewisham, London, UK.; Recent research has shown abnormal lipids in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection hypocholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and also low high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol have all been described. In addition, increased dense low density lipoprotein (LDL)
Changing cost of English HIV service provision 1996-1997. NPMS Steering Group. National Prospective Monitoring System.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):357-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341843; The objectives of this study were to provide individual and population-based unit cost estimates of HIV treatment and care by stage of HIV infection for adults in England and estimate the financial impact of the use of combination antiretroviral therapy. Individual unit cost estimates were calculated, based on 1997 ac
Short-term follow up of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions associated with HIV and human papillomavirus infections in Africa.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):363-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341844; La Ruche G; Leroy V; Mensah-Ado I; Ramon R; You B; Bergeron C; Mothebesoane-Anoh S; Toure-Coulibaly K; Dabis F; Programme National de Lutte contre le SIDA, Abidjan, Cote; d'Ivoire.; A prospective study in gynaecology clinics was conducted in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire , to assess the short-term evolution of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs). Of 94 women with a cytological diagnosis of SIL, 38 were infected with HIV. The average follow-up period after the
A randomized trial of interferon-alpha2a and zidovudine versus bleomycin and zidovudine for AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Swiss HIV Cohort Study.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):369-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341845; Opravil M; Hirschel B; Bucher HC; Luthy R; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology,; University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.; Milos.Opravil@dim.usz.ch; The efficacy and toxicity of interferon-alpha2a (9MU/d) and bleomycin (15 mg every 2 weeks), each combined with zidovudine (2x250 mg/d), was compared in a randomized study in 26 men with progressing AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). The median CD4 count was 113/microl. Complete or partial response was achieved in on
Patient-led partner referral enhances sexually transmitted disease service delivery in two towns in the Central African Republic.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):376-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341846; Koumans EH; Barker K; Massanga M; Hawkins RV; Somse P; Parker KA; Moran J; Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. exk0@cdc.gov; In Bambari and Bria, 2 towns in the Central African Republic (CAR), we analysed a patient-led partner referral programme within enhanced sexually transmitted disease (STD) services. New (index) patients received syndromic management, counselling about notifying and
Quality of life in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: impact of social support, coping style and hopelessness.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):383-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341847; Swindells S; Mohr J; Justis JC; Berman S; Squier C; Wagener MM; Singh N; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.; We aimed to determine whether the quality of life (QOL) in the patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was influenced by satisfaction with social support, coping style and hopelessness. One hundred and thirty-eight HIV-infected patients were prospectively studied in this multicentre, longit
STD-related knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of Xhosa-speaking patients attending STD primary health-care clinics in South Africa.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):392-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341848; Reddy P; Meyer-Weitz A; van den Borne B; Kok G; Medical Research Council, Health Promotion and Development; Office, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa. preddy@mrc.ac.za; The primary aim of this study was to describe patients at sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in Cape Town, South Africa , in terms of gender, education and age differences relative to their STD knowledge and beliefs, their condom use, as well as their attitudes towards cond
Evaluation of a rapid test for the detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):401-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341849; Ng KP; Saw TL; Baki A; He J; Singh N; Lyles CM; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; Hema-Strip HIV-1/2 is a one-step rapid test for the detection of anti-HIV-1/2 antibodies in whole blood. The test requires no expensive equipment and the results are available within 10-15 min. Using 72 known HIV-1 positive samples and 780 high-risk prisoners, the sensitivity and specificity of Hema-Strip HIV-1/2 was
Declining syphilis prevalence in pregnant women in Nairobi since 1995: another success story in the STD field?: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):405-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341850; Temmerman M; Fonck K; Bashir F; Inion I; Ndinya-Achola JO; Bwayo J; Kirui P; Claeys P; Fransen L; International Centre for Reproductive Health, University of; Ghent, Belgium. marleen.temmerman@rug.ac.be; Untreated maternal syphilis during pregnancy will cause adverse pregnancy outcomes in more than 60% of the infected women. In Nairobi, Kenya , the prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women of 2.9% in 1989, showed a rise to 6.5% in 1993, parallel to an increase of HIV-1 prevalence rate
Low yield of chest radiography in screening for active pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in Hong Kong.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):409-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341851; Ho TT; Wong KH; Lee SS; Department of Health, Yaumatei Jockey Club Clinic, Kowloon, Hong; Kong. ttyho@health.gen.gov.hk; This study assessed the usefulness of routine chest radiography for detecting active pulmonary tuberculosis in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) without suggestive symptoms in Hong Kong . Tuberculosis is common
Diagnosis of disseminated Mycobacterium scrofulaceum infection in an AIDS patient using a continuously monitored culture system.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):413-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341852; Shay WE; LaBombardi VJ; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center,; New York, New York 10011, USA.
Kaposi's sarcoma regression following treatment with a triple antiretroviral regimen containing nevirapine.: Int J STD AIDS. 1999 Jun;10(6):417-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99341853; Shaw AJ; McLean KA; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital,; London, UK.
Persistence of human immunodeficiency virus in semen after adding indinavir to combination antiretroviral therapy.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jun;28(6):1252-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99378371; Mayer KH; Boswell S; Goldstein R; Lo W; Xu C; Tucker L; DePasquale MP; D'Aquila R; Anderson DJ; Fenway Community Health Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital,; Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School,; Boston, USA. Kenneth_Mayer@brown.edu; Changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 concentration and protease genotype were evaluated in semen specimens from 22 HIV-positive men before and 6 months after the addition of indinavir to dual nucleoside therapy. Seminal HIV was detecte
Management of four pregnant women with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jun;28(6):1298-304. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99378379; Nitta AT; Milligan D; Tuberculosis Control Program, Los Angeles County Department of; Health Services, California, USA.; This case series describes the medical management of four pregnant women with active multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. None of the four patients were infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Three patients had disease due to multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and one had disease due to multidrug-resist
Pulmonary malacoplakia associated with Rhodococcus equi infection in patients with AIDS: case report and review.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jun;28(6):1334-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99378395; Guerrero MF; Ramos JM; Renedo G; Gadea I; Alix A; Division of Infectious Diseases and Services of Pathology and; Thoracic Surgery, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad; Autonoma, Madrid, Spain. mlfguerrero@fjd.esp
Disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis in an AIDS patient receiving maintenance therapy with fluconazole for previous cryptococcal meningitis.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jun;28(6):1337-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99378397; Goldani LZ; Aquino VR; Dargel AA; Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre,; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.; Lgoldani@vortex.ufrgs.br
Unethical study of the natural history of cryptococcal meningitis in 1997 [letter]: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jun;28(6):1341-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99378400; Restrepo A; Castaneda E
Implications of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic for control and eradication of measles.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):106-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360954; Moss WJ; Cutts F; Griffin DE; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,; Maryland 21205, USA. wmoss@welch.jhu.edu; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons may be important, unrecognized transmitters of measles virus, thwarting eradication efforts. We reviewed the published English-language literature on measles and measles immunization in HIV-infected persons to investigate the clinical features of measles, the respons
Longer-term immunologic effects and side effects of successful antiretroviral therapy.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):12-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360942; Schooley RT; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, 80262,; USA. robert.schooley@uchsc.edu; With the development of more potent and better tolerated antiretroviral regimens, durable antiviral responses are being observed in an increasing fraction of patients. Substantial benefits are associated with these responses: Initially memory, then naive, CD4 cell counts may rise by 150-200 cells/mm3; CD8 cell numbers
A prospective randomized trial of four three-drug regimens in the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease in AIDS patients: excess mortality associated with high-dose clarithromycin. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):125-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360957; Cohn DL; Fisher EJ; Peng GT; Hodges JS; Chesnut J; Child CC; Franchino B; Gibert CL; El-Sadr W; Hafner R; Korvick J; Ropka M; Heifets L; Clotfelter J; Munroe D; Horsburgh CR Jr; Denver Community Program for Clinical Research on AIDS, Colorado,; USA. dcohn@dhha.org; The optimal regimen for treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease has not been established. Eighty-five AIDS patients with disseminated MAC disease were randomized to receive a three-drug regimen of clarithromycin, rifabutin or clofazimine, and ethambutol. Two dosages of clarithromycin, 500 or 1,000 mg tw
Hepatitis C in the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) Atlanta V.A. (Veterans Affairs Medical Center) Cohort Study (HAVACS): the effect of coinfection on survival.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):150-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360960; Staples CT Jr; Rimland D; Dudas D; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Rollins School of Public; Health, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; 30033, USA.; To examine the prevalence of and survival rates for coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), data were analyzed from all HIV-infected patients tested for HCV antibody from January 1992 until May 1997. The prevalence of HCV infection among 350 HIV-infected patients was 33%. By un
Human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia: review of pathogenesis, prophylaxis, and treatment studies of zidovudine therapy.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):19-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360943; Simpson DM; Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York,; New York 10029, USA. DSimpson@smtplink.mssm.edu; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia (HIVD) has been reported in up to 15% of HIV-infected adult patients. Although the pathogenesis of HIVD remains unclear, HIV probably plays an important role in the syndrome, as evidenced by the correlation between cerebrospina
Clinical efficacy of and switch from T helper 2 to T helper 1 cytokine profile after interferon alpha2a monotherapy for human echinococcosis.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):205-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360970; Harraga S; Godot V; Bresson-Hadni S; Pater C; Beurton I; Bartholomot B; Vuitton DA; WHO Collaborating Center on Prevention and Treatment of Human; Echinococcosis, Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie,; Universite de Franche-Comte, Besancon, France.
Episodic spontaneous hyperhidrosis hypothermia in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):210. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360975; Okechukwu CN; Pesanti E; Department of Medicine, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical; Center, Hartford, Connecticut 06105, USA. chikeo@hotmail.com
Invasive fungal sinusitis due to Scedosporium apiospermum in a patient with AIDS.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):212-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360977; Eckburg PB; Zolopa AR; Montoya JG; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, California, USA.; eckburg1@leland.stanford.edu
Hydroxyurea-induced hepatitis in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):223-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360985; Weissman SB; Sinclair GI; Green CL; Fissell WH; Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University; Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of; Medicine, Ohio 44106, USA. sbw@alum.mit.edu
Oncological complications of human immunodeficiency virus disease and hematologic consequences of their treatment.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360944; Mitsuyasu R; UCLA Center for Clinical AIDS Research and Education, UCLA, Los; Angeles, California 90095-1793, USA.; Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy and in the treatment and prevention of opportunistic infections, oncological and consequent hematologic complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continue to occur and are of significant clinical importance. Virus-related tumors (e.g., Kaposi s sarcoma, in
Human immunodeficiency virus infection, anemia, and survival.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):44-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360945; Moore RD; Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.; rmoore@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu; Anemia, a common hematologic complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, can be caused by mechanisms including infections, neoplasms, or drug treatment. Studies have consistently found anemia to be associated with reduced survival, even when potentially confounding factors were controlled for
A comprehensive plan for managed care of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):50-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360946; Bartlett JG; Moore R; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. jb@jhmi.edu; Medicaid is rapidly moving toward managed care throughout the United States and will have a major impact on care programs for those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The experience at the Johns Hopkins HIV Care Service is an example of the transition from fee-for-servic
Factors that predict incomplete virological response to protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):75-81; discussion 82-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360950; Clough LA; D'Agata E; Raffanti S; Haas DW; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,; and The Comprehensive Care Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37212,; USA. lisa.a.clough@vanderbilt.edu; Many patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have suboptimal responses to protease inhibitor-based therapy. We retrospectively evaluated a cohort of 104 HIV-positive adults, most of whom had previously received antiretrovirals, to identify the frequency and clinical predictors of incomplete
A comparison of outbreak- and nonoutbreak-related multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in a South African hospital.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):96-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360952; Sacks LV; Pendle S; Orlovic D; Blumberg L; Constantinou C; Sizwe Tropical Diseases Hospital and the South African Institute; for Medical Research, Johannesburg.; Nosocomial multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people is recognized in Europe and America. We report the first such outbreak in South Africa . Six hospitalized women, identified by DNA fingerprinting, were infected with an outbre
A prospective study of the influence of HIV status on the seroreversion of serological tests for syphilis.: Dermatology. 1999;198(4):362-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99379950; Janier M; Chastang C; Spindler E; Strazzi S; Rabian C; Marcelli A; Morel P; Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic, Hopital Saint-Louis,; Paris, France.; The evolution of serological tests for syphilis (STSs) after therapy in HIV+ patients is a major point of controversy, with possible seroreactivation and illicit seroreversion in these patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of STSs in a cohort of HIV+ male homosexuals with a history of tr
The inhibition of Candida-albicans-secreted aspartic proteases by three different HIV protease inhibitors.: Dermatology. 1999;198(4):412-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99416757; Monod M; Borg-von Zepelin M; Telenti A; Sanglard D; Service de Dermatologie/DHURDV, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne, Suisse. Monod@chuv.hospvd.ch
Kaposi's sarcoma: a new approach of lesional follow-up using epiluminescent light microscopy.: Dermatology. 1999;198(4):420-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99416760; Krischer J; Braun RP; Toutous-Trellu L; Saurat JH; Pechere M; Department of Dermatology/DHURDV, University Hospital Geneva,; Switzerland.
Nuclear export in plants. Use of geminivirus movement proteins for a cell-based export assay.: Plant Cell. 1999 Jul;11(7):1267-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99330534; Ward BM; Lazarowitz SG; Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana,; Illinois 61801, USA.; The nuclear export of proteins and RNAs has been studied in heterokaryons or by microinjecting test substrates into nuclei of HeLa cells or Xenopus oocytes. We have previously shown that the two movement proteins BR1 and BL1 encoded by the plant pathogenic squash leaf curl virus act in a coordinated manner to facilita
United nations estimates of HIV prevalence in Zambia under attack.: BMJ. 1999 Aug 7;319(7206):338. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99365179; Moszynski P
Labour care of women with HIV infection. Article did not highlight current guidelines [letter]: BMJ. 1999 Aug 7;319(7206):381-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99365202; Taylor GP; Lyall EG; Tudor-Williams G; Regan L; Smith J
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the world.: FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 1999 Jul 15;24(4):431-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362115; Agacfidan A; Kohl P; Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Capa,; Turkey.; Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) represent a major public health problem in the world and the advent and increase of human immunodeficiency virus infection during the last decade has highlighted the importance of infections spread by the sexual route. The World Health Organization
The Italian AIPO study on tuberculosis treatment results, report 1996. National AIPO "Tuberculosis" Study Group. Associazione Italiana Pneumologi Ospedalieri.: Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 1999 Jun;54(3):237-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370566; Ambrosetti M; Besozzi G; Farris B; Nutini S; Saini L; Casali L; Pretto P; Orani G; Calabro S; Migliori GB; Istituto Villa Marelli per la Patologia del Torace, Milan, Italy.; In Italy , no national data on tuberculosis (TB) treatment results were available. In 1995, the AIPO (Italian Association of Hospital Pneumologists) TB Study Group, in collaboration with the Istituto Superiore di Sanita (technical branch of the Ministry of Health), started a prospect
Urolithiasis associated with protease inhibitors.: J Endourol. 1999 May;13(4):309-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99334384; Sundaram CP; Saltzman B; Division of Urology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the radiographic characteristics as well as the clinical management of urolithiasis induced by systemic therapy with indinavir sulfate, a protease inhibitor utilized in the treatment of HIV infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fift
[Treatment of complicated renal colic in patients treated with indinavir: value of double J stents]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99363163; Van Glabeke E; Conort P; Chartier-Kastler E; Desrez G; Boyer C; Richard F; OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the treatment of complicated ureteric stones in patients treated with indinavir . PATIENTS AND METHODS: From March 1997 to May 1998, 10 patients (7 males, 3 females, aged 30 to 56 years), treated by triple
[Lipodystrophy: a complication of protease inhibitors in HIV seropositive patients]: Prog Urol. 1999 Jun;9(3):537-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99363176; Hermieu JF; Leport C; Ravery V; Delmas V; Boccon-Gibod L; Clinique Urologique, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France.; Indinavir-induced lipodystrophy constitutes a new complication of this therapeutic category. It is characterized by loss of fat from the face and limbs and accumulation of fat in the abdominal wall (possibly simulating an abdominal mass), but also in the abdominal cavity (retroperitoneum, greater omentum, mesocolon, m
Antigenic characterization and cytolocalization of P35, the major Mycoplasma penetrans antigen.: Microbiology. 1999 Feb;145 ( Pt 2):343-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99173739; Neyrolles O; Eliane JP; Ferris S; da Cunha RA; Prevost MC; Bahraoui E; Blanchard A; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; Mycoplasma penetrans is a mycoplasma with unique morphology, recently identified in urine samples collected from HIV-infected patients. This mycoplasma has been found to be statistically associated with HIV infection, and to be cytopathic in vitro. The dominant antigen recognized during natural and experimental infect
Chemokine receptors and their antagonists in allergic lung disease.: Inflamm Res. 1999 Jul;48(7):353-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377993; Wells TN; Proudfoot AE; Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Geneva, Switzerland.; tim.wells@serono.com; The trafficking and homing of leukocytes in normal homeostasis and in disease is under the control of a variety of cytokine and lipid mediators. One family of small cytokines particularly involved in inflammation which has been identified is the chemokine family. Their action is mediated by a large superfamily of seve
Prophylaxis after nonoccupational exposure to HIV.: Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1999 May 15;56(10):1011-5; quiz 1016. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99291850; Dong BJ; University of California at San Francisco General Hospital,; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California,; 94143-0622, USA. bjdong@itsa.ucsf.edu
Monocytes/macrophages in diagnosis and immunopathogenesis.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 May;6(3):283-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242735; Douglas SD; Clinical Immunology Laboratories, Children's Hospital of; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4399, USA.; douglas@email.chop.edu
Current concepts in human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 May;6(3):295-305. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242741; Schwartz SA; Nair MP; Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of; Medicine, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo; General Hospital, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA.; sasimmun@acsu.buffalo.edu
Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes is a Th1- and Th2-mediated autoimmune disease.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 May;6(3):306-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242742; Azar ST; Tamim H; Beyhum HN; Habbal MZ; Almawi WY; Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut,; Beirut, Lebanon.
Recombinant human gamma interferon in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children: safety, CD4(+)-lymphocyte count, viral load, and neutrophil function (AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 211).: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 May;6(3):311-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242743; Shearer WT; Kline MW; Abramson SL; Fenton T; Starr SE; Douglas SD; Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Baylor; College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston 77030,; USA. wshearer@bcm.tmc.edu; Nineteen children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were treated with recombinant human gamma interferon (rIFN-gamma) (50 microg/m2 subcutaneously three times each week during weeks 1 through 12 and 100 microg/m2 subcutaneously three times each week during weeks 13 through 24) in a phase I/II clinical
Marked suppression of T cells by a benzothiophene derivative in patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 May;6(3):316-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242744; Makino M; Azuma M; Wakamatsu SI; Suruga Y; Izumo S; Yokoyama MM; Baba M; Division of Human Retroviruses, Center for Chronic Viral; Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,; Japan. makino-m@cb3.so-net.ne.jp; In a search for new anti-autoimmune agents that selectively suppress activation of autoreactive T cells, one such agent, 5-methyl-3-(1-methylethoxy)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide (CI-959-A), was found to be effective. This compound, which is known to suppress tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced CD54 expre
Impaired interleukin-8-induced degranulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 May;6(3):345-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242749; Meddows-Taylor S; Martin DJ; Tiemessen CT; MRC AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Virology,; and Department of Virology, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg, South Africa.; Degranulation of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) was monitored in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals with or without pulmonary tuberculosis (HIV/TB and HIV groups, respectively) by measuring the release of beta-glucuronidase induced by interleukin-8 (IL-8). Thi
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass distribution and IgG1 avidity of antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals after revaccination with tetanus toxoid.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242750; Kroon FP; van Tol MJ; Jol-van der Zijde CM; van Furth R; van Dissel JT; In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals the amount of antibodies formed after vaccination with T-cell-dependent recall antigens such as tetanus toxoid is proportional to the peripheral blood CD4(+) T-lymphocyte counts. To investigate whether the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass distribution and avidi
Comparison of the frequencies and levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 markers in specimens from chronically infected human T-lymphocyte cultures and from patients.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242753; Witt DJ; Ginocchio CC; Wang XP; Kaufman MK; Organon Teknika Corp., Durham, North Carolina 27712, USA.; dwitt@orgtek.com; Together with CD4(+)-cell counts as an indicator of immune function, the use of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels as a direct marker of viral load has gained widespread attention for evaluation of patient clinical status. Results obtained with other HIV-1 markers for this purpose are often inconsi
Immunohematological reference ranges for adult Ethiopians.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 May;6(3):410-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242760; Tsegaye A; Messele T; Tilahun T; Hailu E; Sahlu T; Doorly R; Fontanet AL; Rinke de Wit TF; Ethiopian-Netherlands AIDS Research Project, Ethiopian Health and; Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; enarp@telecom.net.et; A cross-sectional survey was carried out with 485 healthy working adult Ethiopians who are participating in a cohort study on the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection to establish hematological reference ranges for adult HIV-negative Ethiopians. In addition, enumeration of absolute numb
Levels of proinflammatory cytokines in plasma after pneumoccoccal immunization in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 May;6(3):427-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242764; Valdez H; Purvis S; Asaad R; Valerio I; Sha BE; Landay AL; Lederman MM; Case Western Reserve University Center for AIDS Research and; University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-5083,; USA. valdez.hernan@clevlandactu.org; To ascertain if immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is associated with rises in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the plasma of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured serially
Downregulation of innate and acquired antitumor immunity by bystander gammadelta and alphabeta T lymphocytes with Th2 or Tr1 cytokine profiles.: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1999 Jun;19(6):555-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360737; Seo N; Tokura Y; Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of; Medicine, Japan. seo445@hama-med.ac.jp; It has been thought that natural killer (NK) cells appearing early in tumor lesions play a pivotal role in the innate immunity against tumor cells. Although NK cells serve as the first tumoricidal effector cells, they subsequently promote a shift in effectors from themselves to tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (
Cytokines in the induction and circumvention of peripheral tolerance.: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1999 Jun;19(6):671-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360751; Romball CG; Weigle WO; Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, CA 92037, USA.; Injection of deaggregated (monomeric) human gamma globulin (DHGG) into mice induces a state of immunological tolerance to subsequent challenge with immunogenic forms of HGG. Tolerance was shown to be induced in both the Th1 and Th2 CD4+ subsets. These mice fail to demonstrate antibody production, T cell proliferation,
Retinal manifestations of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections among hospital patients in The Gambia, west Africa.: Trop Med Int Health. 1999 Jul;4(7):487-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99399355; Jaffar S; Ariyoshi K; Frith P; Okouchi Y; Sabally S; Ajewole T; Bailey R; Lee PS; Corrah T; Johnson G; Faal H; Whittle H; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of; Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK. S.Jaffar@lshtm.ac.uk; BACKGROUND: In developed countries, 50-75% of AIDS patients develop retinal complications and about 20-40% acquire cytomegalavirus ( CMV ) retinitis. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to determine prevalence of these in The Gam
Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) by variant B of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6).: New Microbiol. 1999 Jul;22(3):161-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352532; Bonura F; Perna AM; Vitale F; Villafrate MR; Viviano E; Guttadauro R; Mazzola G; Romano N; Dipartimento di Igiene e Microbiologia G. D'Alessandro, Facolta; di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Palermo,; Italia.; Four HHV-6 strains were initially isolated during attempts to observe HIV-1 replication in cultured primary lymphocytes from 48 patients with AIDS. HHV-6 DNA from each strain was extracted from primary cell cultures and amplified using specific primers in a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. All HHV-6 strai
A comparison of immunocomplex-dissociated serum HIV-1 p24 antigenemia and plasma HIV-1 viral load: assessment of 3,129 paired assays.: New Microbiol. 1999 Jul;22(3):269-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99352545; Manfredi R; Borderi M; Re MC; Furlini G; Monari P; Spinosa Guzman SM; Tadolini M; Talo S; Donzelli C; Maldini C; Chiodo F; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of; Bologna, Italy.; In order to compare HIV-1 p24 antigenemia and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels as markers of viral replication, 3,129 paired determinations of alkaline immunocomplex-dissociated serum HIV-1 p24 antigenemia (performed with an immunoenzymatic assay), and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels (carried out with a branched DNA method, a reverse
Regulated expression of HIV-1 Rev function in mammalian cell lines.: Can J Microbiol. 1999 Jun;45(6):480-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99382848; Swenarchuk L; Harakidas P; Cochrane A; Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, University of; Toronto, ON, Canada.; In order to facilitate further investigation of Rev function, we have generated two systems for the inducible expression of Rev in mammalian cell lines (HeLa and U937) using either a tetracycline-regulated promoter or fusion of Rev to a modified form of the hormone binding domain of the estrogen receptor. In the case
Cutaneous leishmaniasis: clinical features and diagnosis.: Clin Dermatol. 1999 May-Jun;17(3):291-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312862; Salman SM; Rubeiz NG; Kibbi AG; Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical; Center, Lebanon.
Global control and Leishmania HIV co-infection.: Clin Dermatol. 1999 May-Jun;17(3):317-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312865; Desjeux P; Trypanosomiases and Leishmania Unit, World Health Organization,; Geneva, Switzerland.
Cervical Papanicolaou smear abnormalities in inner city Bronx adolescents: prevalence, progression, and immune modifiers.: Cancer. 1999 Aug 25;87(4):184-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387957; Edelman M; Fox AS; Alderman EM; Neal W; Shapiro A; Silver EJ; Spigland I; Suhrland M; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467, USA.; BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to quantify the prevalence of cervical smear abnormalities in sexually active adolescents and identify the effect of immune-modifying conditions. METHODS: Two hundred seventy-one females ages 13-22 years attending a clinic for sexually transmitted disease (STD) evaluation had cerv
Antisense oligonucleotide delivery with polyhexylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles as carriers.: Methods. 1999 Jul;18(3):286-95, 322. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99388452; Zimmer A; Biocenter, Institute for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of; Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Zimmer@em.uni-frankfurt.de; Polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles are effective colloidal drug carriers and were prepared by an emulsion polymerization process. Antisense oligonucleotides were loaded on the particles by adsorption. A cationic polymer, DEAE-dextran, was incorporated into the particle matrix or a cationic hydrophobic detergent (CTA
The cytoplasmic domain of HIV-1 gp41 interacts with the carboxyl-terminal region of alpha-catenin.: Mol Cells. 1999 Jun 30;9(3):281-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99347336; Kim EM; Lee KH; Kim JW; Division of Life Science, College of National Sciences, Pai Chai; University, Taejon, Korea.; To know the cellular protein interactions with the viral protein can give an insight into the molecular mechanisms of the virus life cycle. As the function of the cytoplasmic domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp41 is not known clearly, we searched for a cellular protein that interacts with the cyto
HIV-1 and chemokines in the brain: location, location--location? [news]: Mol Psychiatry. 1999 May;4(3):203-5, 202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99321126; Tran PB; Meucci O; Miller RJ
Use of noninvasive electroacupuncture for the treatment of HIV-related peripheral neuropathy: a pilot study.: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 Apr;5(2):135-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259187; Galantino ML; Eke-Okoro ST; Findley TW; Condoluci D; Neuromusculoskeletal Institute, Department of Physical Medicine; and Rehabilitation, School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of; Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Stratford 08084, USA.; galantinoml@stockton.edu; OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that low-voltage non-invasive electroacupuncture will improve the condition of neuropathic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. DESIGN: A prospective study using HIV/AIDS patients who had antiretro
Interfering with chemokine networks--the hope for new therapeutics.: Curr Opin Chem Biol. 1999 Aug;3(4):407-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99350696; Schwarz MK; Wells TN; Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Ares-Serono; International SA, 14 Chemin des Aux, 1228, Plan-Les-Ouates,; Geneva, Switzerland.; Chemokines are a large family of cytokines with a wide variety of biological actions. Originally, they were identified as controllers of the routine trafficking of immune cells, and directed migration of cells during inflammatory response - from which they get their name, a contraction of chemotactic cytokines. They a
Births and deaths: preliminary data for July 1997-June 1998.: Natl Vital Stat Rep. 1999 Jul 29;47(22):1-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99388570; Smith BL; Martin JA; Ventura SJ; OBJECTIVES: This report presents preliminary data on births and deaths in the United States from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) for the 12 months ending June 1998. U.S. data on births are shown by age, race, and Hispanic origin of mother. Natality data on marital stat
Antimicrobial activity of extracts from the cell cultures of some Turkish medicinal plants.: Phytother Res. 1999 Jun;13(4):355-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99332628; Sokmen A; Jones BM; Erturk M; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of; Cumhuriyet, Sivas, Turkey.; Twenty-four callus, and eleven cell suspension, cultures were established from Turkish medicinal plants, and crude extracts prepared from them tested against microorganisms to assess their antimicrobial activities in vitro. Of the extracts tested, those belonging to the cell cultures of five of the plant species showe
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity of 2'-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyarabinosyladenine (F-ddA) used in combination with other mechanistically diverse inhibitors of HIV-1 replication.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360293; Buckheit RW Jr; Russell JD; Pallansch LA; Driscoll JS; 2 -Fluoro-2 3 -dideoxyarabinosyladenine (F-ddA), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Future monotherapy for the treatment of HIV is unlikely owing to the rapid emergence of drug-resistant viruses, so F-ddA was
Role of lentiviral lytic polypeptide I (LLP-I) in the selective cytotoxicity of gamma-glutamylcysteine ethyl ester against human immunodeficiency virus type 1-producing cells.: Antivir Chem Chemother. 1999 May;10(3):121-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360294; Kubota S; Zhang H; Kitahara S; Pomerantz RJ; Dorrance H Hamilton Laboratories, Department of Medicine,; Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. Satoshi.Kubota@mail.tju.edu; Selective cytotoxic effects of gamma-glutamylcysteine ethyl ester (gamma-GCE) against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected H-9 T lymphocytic cells were demonstrated previously. However, the mechanism of those effects remained unclear. Here, we report on enhanced cytotoxicity of the lentiviral lytic pep
In vitro sensitivity of Kaposi's sarcoma cells to various chemotherapeutic agents including acyclic nucleoside phosphonates.: Antivir Chem Chemother. 1999 May;10(3):129-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360295; Simonart T; Andrei G; Parent D; Van Vooren JP; De Clercq E; Snoeck R; Department of Dermatology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels,; Belgium.; The involvement of a viral agent in the pathogenesis of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) points to antiviral agents as possible therapeutic and/or prophylactic options in the management of the disease. In the present study we investigated the antiproliferative effects of various chemotherapeutic agents, including acyclic nucleos
Cost-comparison of different management policies for tuberculosis patients in Italy. AIPO TB Study Group.: Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77(6):467-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99356938; Migliori GB; Ambrosetti M; Besozzi G; Farris B; Nutini S; Saini L; Casali L; Nardini S; Bugiani M; Neri M; Raviglione MC; Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Care and Research Institute,; Tradate, Italy.; Although in developing countries the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) cases is among the most cost-effective health interventions, few studies have evaluated the cost-effectiveness of TB control in low-prevalence countries. The aim of the present study was to carry out an economic analysis in
Enhanced levels of soluble and membrane-bound CD40 ligand in patients with unstable angina. Possible reflection of T lymphocyte and platelet involvement in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369784; Aukrust P; M]uller F; Ueland T; Berget T; Aaser E
Intensity of myocardial expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase influences the clinical course of human immunodeficiency virus-associated cardiomyopathy. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio Cardiologico dei pazienti affetti da AIDS (GISCA).: Circulation. 1999 Aug 31;100(9):933-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99398977; Barbaro G; Di Lorenzo G; Soldini M; Giancaspro G; Grisorio B; Pellicelli A; Barbarini G; Department of Emergency Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome,; Italy.; BACKGROUND: Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) have been reported in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. We investigated the myocardial expression of TNF-alpha and iNOS in patients with HIV-associated cardiomyopathy (HIV-DCM) compared with patients
Immunity to Candida albicans: Th1, Th2 cells and beyond.: Curr Opin Microbiol. 1999 Aug;2(4):363-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99390321; Romani L; Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and; Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Italy.; Iromani@unipg.it; Resistance to Candida albicans infection in mice results from the development of T helper (Th) type 1 cell responses. Cytokines produced by Th1 cells activate macrophages and neutrophils to a candidacidal state. The development of Th2 responses underlines susceptibility to infection, because cytokines produced by Th2
Drug monitoring of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection: method validation and results of a pilot study.: Clin Chem. 1999 Sep;45(9):1465-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99402871; Moyer TP; Temesgen Z; Enger R; Estes L; Charlson J; Oliver L; Wright A; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hospital; Pharmacy Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.; BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection has become increasingly complex. The availability of new and potent drugs and progress in understanding the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection have led to the establishment of new treatment paradigms. The varying dosing regimens, associated toxicities, and the potent
Urine antibody tests: new insights into the dynamics of HIV-1 infection.: Clin Chem. 1999 Sep;45(9):1602-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99402898; Urnovitz HB; Sturge JC; Gottfried TD; Murphy WH; Calypte Biomedical, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA. hervdoc@aol.com; BACKGROUND: Noninvasive methodologies provide alternatives to diagnostic blood tests and have high patient acceptance, increased safety, and reduced costs. Such tests may supplement or replace blood diagnostic assays currently in use. METHODS: Using a licensed urine-based test for antibody to HIV-1, we performed 25 99
Which T cells cause psoriasis?: Clin Exp Dermatol. 1999 Jul;24(4):291-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99388347; Prinz JC; Department of Dermatology, Klinikum Innenstadt,; Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.; joerg.prinz@irz.uni-muenchen.de; Today, T cells appear to be the main protagonists in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris. This article summarizes how T cells might contribute to the generation of psoriatic skin lesions. It discusses the preferential T cell receptor usage and the putative mode of T cell activation in psoriatic skin lesions, and ho
[DPB 1 *0501-associated opticomyelitis and atopic myelitis: novel disease entities]: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1999 Jan;39(1):19-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305552; Kira J; Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of; Medicine, Kyushu University.; To clarify the relationship between Th 1/Th 2 balance and clinical features, we studied the intracellular IFN gamma-positive versus IL-4-positive cell ratio in peripheral blood CD 4 T cells by flow cytometry and measured total and allergen-specific IgE by ELISA in 227 patients with various neurologic diseases includin
[Pathogenetic significance of HTLV-I infection and immune surveillance in HAM]: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1999 Jan;39(1):21-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305553; Fujihara K; Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine.; HTLV-I proviral DNA load is significantly increased in HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) compared with asymptomatic HTLV-I seropositive carriers (SPC), and this spread of HTLV-I infection seems to be critically important in the pathogenesis of HAM. Thus, in this report, cellular immune surveillance against HTLV-I was
Large number of polymorphic nucleotides and a termination codon in the env gene of the endogenous human retrovirus ERV3.: Dis Markers. 1998 Nov;14(3):127-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99356477; Rasmussen HB; Clausen J; Department of Life Science and Chemistry, Roskilde University,; Denmark.; The terminal portion of the pol gene and the entire env gene of the human endogenous retrovirus ERV3 was screened for polymorphic nucleotides. For this purpose fragments amplified from the desired regions of ERV3 were subjected to single strand conformational analysis (SSCP analysis). Using this approach, we detected
Determination of T-lymphocyte subsets in a north African population (Tunisia): establishment of normal ranges and results in HIV-infected individuals.: Dis Markers. 1998 Nov;14(3):161-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99356482; Feki S; Rekaya Z; Ben Chaaben T; Zribi A; Boukef K; Jenhani F; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire, Centre National de; Transfusion Sanguine, Tunis, Tunisia.
Nosocomial fungal infections: candidemia.: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;34(3):213-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99331533; Verduyn Lunel FM; Meis JF; Voss A; Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Nijmegen,; The Netherlands.; Candida species are frequently encountered as part of the human commensal flora. Colonization mostly precedes candidemia and is an independent risk factor for the development of candidemia. Genotyping methods showed the similarity between colonizing and infecting strains, thus making endogenous origin likely, though e
[AIDS--the forgotten pandemic?]: Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1999 Aug 20;124(33):A7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99411367; Bartens W
A new device for abrasive cytology sampling during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: experience in infectious and neoplastic diseases.: Endoscopy. 1999 Jun;31(5):348-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99360424; Casco C; Martins D; Lettieri S; Rubio HW; Gastroenterology Service, Diego Paroissien Hospital, La Matanza,; Buenos Aires, Argentina.; BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The increase in infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract related to immunosuppression is becoming an important topic for the endoscopist. To improve the diagnostic efficacy of tissue acquisition while at the same time restricting costs, we have developed a new device for obtaining m
CD8(+)NKR-P1A (+)T cells preferentially accumulate in human liver.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Aug;29(8):2406-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387991; Ishihara S; Nieda M; Kitayama J; Osada T; Yabe T; Ishikawa Y; Nagawa H; Muto T; Juji T; Department of Research, The Japanese Red Cross Central Blood; Center, Tokyo, Japan. i-sochan@kt.rim.or.jp; A unique subset of T cells that co-express NKR-P1, which is a lectin type of NK receptor and is thought to have a major role in triggering NK activity, has been identified. In mice, NK1.1 (mouse NKR-P1C)(+) T cells, called NKT cells, preferentially accumulate in the liver and bone marrow. They predominantly use invari
Exceptionally long CDR3H region with multiple cysteine residues in functional bovine IgM antibodies.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Aug;29(8):2420-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387993; Saini SS; Allore B; Jacobs RM; Kaushik A; Department of Pathobiology University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada.; We analyzed VDJ and VJ rearrangements in IgM-secreting B lymphocytes from a cow infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV). BLV causes expansion of CD5(+) and IgM(+) B lymphocytes regardless of antigen specificity. The data showed that single point mutations contribute to the diversification of IgM antibodies. The most
Induction of inhibitory antibodies to the CCR5 chemokine receptor and their complementary role in preventing SIV infection in macaques.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Aug;29(8):2427-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387994; Lehner T; Wang Y; Doyle C; Tao L; Bergmeier LA; Mitchell E; Bogers WM; Heeney J; Kelly CG; Department of Immunobiology Guy's King's and St. Thomas' Medical; and Dental Schools of Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London,; GB. thomas.lehner@kcl.ac.uk; The seven-transmembrane G-protein-linked CCR5 molecule functions as a major coreceptor for HIV or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection. Antibodies to CCR5 were studied in rhesus macaques immunized with SIV grown in human CD4(+) T cells. These macaques were completely protected against i.v. challenge with live
CD28 co-stimulation results in down-regulation of lymphotactin expression in human CD4(+) but not CD8(+) T cells via an IL-2-dependent mechanism.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Aug;29(8):2443-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99387996; Olive D; Cerdan C; Unit 119 of the National Institute of Health and Medical; Research, Marseille, France.; Chemokines are key molecules in promoting leukocyte migration and, for some of them, T cell adhesion and activation. Lymphotactin, which is the unique known member of the C class of chemokines, is produced by and acts on T lymphocytes, but the requirement of co-stimulatory pathways such as CD28 for its expression is l
Effects of nitric oxide on the induction and differentiation of Th1 cells.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Aug;29(8):2498-505. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99388002; Niedbala W; Wei XQ; Piedrafita D; Xu D; Liew FY; Department of Immunology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, GB.; We have previously shown that mice lacking inducible NO synthase are markedly more susceptible to Leishmania major infection but developed a significantly enhanced Th1 cell response compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, at high concentrations, NO inhibited IL-12 synthesis by activated macrophages, thereby indirec
STAT-4 mediated IL-12 signaling pathway is critical for the development of protective immunity in cutaneous leishmaniasis.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Aug;29(8):2524-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99388005; Stamm LM; Satoskar AA; Ghosh SK; David JR; Satoskar AR; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School; of Public Health, Boston, USA.; Recent studies have demonstrated that two IL-12 signaling pathways, a STAT 4 - dependent and STAT4 - independent, are involved in the development of a Th1-like response. To determine their roles in the development of protective immunity against Leishmania major, we monitored progression of cutaneous Leishmania major i
Roles of p53 and caspases in the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by HIV-1 vpr.: Exp Cell Res. 1999 Aug 25;251(1):156-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369826; Shostak LD; Ludlow J; Fisk J; Pursell S; Rimel BJ; Nguyen D; Rosenblatt JD; Planelles V; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Cancer Center,; 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.; The vpr gene from the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) encodes a 14-kDa protein that prevents cell proliferation by causing a block in the G(2) phase of the cell cycle. This cellular function of vpr is conserved in evolution because other primate lentiviruses, including HIV-2, SIV(mac), and SIV(agm) encode
Reaching homosexual men for HIV surveillance through a gay magazine.: Eur J Epidemiol. 1999 May;15(5):429-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369072; Wiessing LG; Houweling H; Sandfort TG; Schop W; van den Akker R; Hoogenveen RT; Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, National; Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven,; The Netherlands. Lucas.Wiessing@emcdda.org; HIV surveillance in homosexual men is poor in most countries, as this risk group is difficult to sample. The aim of this study is to test the feasibility of reaching homosexual men for national HIV surveillance using gay community media. In 1989, a questionnaire on general gay issues, with a section on AIDS, was inclu
Seroprevalence of HIV, HCV and syphilis in Brazilian prisoners: preponderance of parenteral transmission.: Eur J Epidemiol. 1999 May;15(5):439-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369073; Massad E; Rozman M; Azevedo RS; Silveira AS; Takey K; Yamamoto YI; Strazza L; Ferreira MM; Burattini MN; Burattini MN; NUPAIDS, The University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.; Between November 1993 and April 1994, our physicians team interviewed and took blood samples of 631 prisoners randomly drawn from the largest prison of South America, which counted about 4700 inmates at that time. The interview consisted of questions related to risk behaviour for HIV infection, and the subjects were
New antiviral agents for viral hepatitis: our cup runneth over but is only half full.: Gastroenterology. 1999 Sep;117(3):525. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394986; Dienstag JL
Pretherapy alanine transaminase level as a determinant for hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion during lamivudine therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Asian Hepatitis Lamivudine Trial Group.: Hepatology. 1999 Sep;30(3):770-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99391796; Chien RN; Liaw YF; Atkins M; Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung; University, Taipei, Taiwan.; In the reported Asian lamivudine trial, the rate of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, defined as HBeAg/hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA seroclearance and development of anti-HBe, during 52 weeks of treatment was only 13% to 16%. To evaluate whether any factors influenced HBeAg seroconversion, data from 345 pati
Successful application of indirect in-situ polymerase chain reaction to tissues fixed in Bouin's solution.: Histopathology. 1999 Aug;35(2):134-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99390249; Li Vigni R; Bianchi UA; Carosi G; Lomini M; Falchetti M; Callea F; Pecorelli S; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Brescia,; Italy.; AIMS: To evaluate the value of polymerase chain reaction-in situ hybridization (PCR-ISH) for the detection of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in paraffin sections of cervical biopsies fixed either in 10% formalin or in Bouin s solution. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed 40 biopsies from Italian women infected with the hum
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes to endogenous mouse retroviruses and mechanisms of retroviral escape.: Immunol Rev. 1999 Apr;168:271-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327279; Green WR; Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon,; New Hampshire 03756, USA. william.r.green@dartmouth.edu; Mouse retrovirus-induced lymphoma/leukemia and immunodeficiency are useful models for analogous human diseases. Both ecotropic (mouse tropic) and recombinant retroviruses, including the polytropic mink cytopathic focus-inducing type, have been studied for disease pathogenesis and as targets for humoral and cellular im
Chemokine receptor trafficking and viral replication.: Immunol Rev. 1999 Apr;168:33-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327262; Pelchen-Matthews A; Signoret N; Klasse PJ; Fraile-Ramos A; Marsh M; MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College; London, UK.; Chemokines and chemokine receptors have emerged as crucial factors controlling the development and function of leukocytes. Recent studies have indicated that, in addition to these essential roles, both chemokines and chemokine receptors play critical roles in viral infection and replication. Not only are chemokine rec
The downregulation of CD4 and MHC-I by primate lentiviruses: a paradigm for the modulation of cell surface receptors.: Immunol Rev. 1999 Apr;168:51-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327263; Piguet V; Schwartz O; Le Gall S; Trono D; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Geneva,; Switzerland.; The human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) downregulate the cell surface expression of CD4, their primary receptor, and of class I histocompatibility complex (MHC-I), a critical mediator of immune recognition. While the first of these effects seems important to preserve viral infectivity, the second l
HIV's evasion of the cellular immune response.: Immunol Rev. 1999 Apr;168:65-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327264; Collins KL; Baltimore D; Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.; Despite a strong cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response directed against viral antigens, untreated individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) develop AIDS. We have found that primary T cells infected with HIV-1 downregulate surface MHC class I antigens and are resistant to lysis by HLA-A2-restri
Evolutionary dynamics of HIV-induced subversion of the immune response.: Immunol Rev. 1999 Apr;168:75-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327265; Wodarz D; Nowak MA; Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.; wodarz@ias.edu; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression is characterized by a slow but steady decline in the number of CD4+ T cells. It results in the development of AIDS when the immune response collapses and the virus grows uncontrolled. Pathogenicity of HIV may be due to viral escape from cellular immune responses a
Chemokines and chemokine receptors: role in HIV infection.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jun 1;68(2-3):281-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99351719; Kalinkovich A; Weisman Z; Bentwich Z; R.Ben-Ari Institute of Clinical Immunology, AIDS Center, Kaplan; Medical Center, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School,; Rehovot, Israel.; Our understanding of the host factors that determine susceptibility and progression of HIV infection has been very limited. In particular, it has been not clear why some people remain uninfected being repeatedly exposed to HIV-1, and others who have been infected by HIV, remain clinically asymptomatic for long periods
Enhanced survival and potent expansion of the natural killer cell population of HIV-infected individuals by exogenous interleukin-15.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jun 1;68(2-3):359-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99351730; Naora H; Gougeon ML; Unite d'Oncologie Virale and URA CNRS 1930, Departement SIDA et; Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; The CD56+CD16+ natural killer (NK) cell population plays a crucial role in eliminating virus-infected cells and is diminished in HIV-infected individuals. This study examined the effects of exogenous interleukin (IL)-15 on proliferation and survival of CD56+ and CD16+ cells of HIV-infected individuals. When used at eq
Constitutive expression of interleukin 4 in vivo does not lead to the development of T helper 2 type CD8+ T cells secreting interleukin 4 or interleukin 5.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jun 1;68(2-3):383-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99351733; Erb KJ; Hou S; Hyland L; Kirman J; Moll H; Le Gros G; Zentrum fur Infektionsforschung, Universitat Wurzburg,; Germany.; Interleukin 4 (IL-4) has been shown to commit CD8+ T cells to a T helper (Th) 2 functional phenotype in vitro. To study the effects of IL-4 on CD8+ T cell development in vivo we analysed the CD8+ T cell phenotype in mice constitutively expressing IL-4. Purified CD8+ T cells from uninfected or flu infected IL-4 transge
Modulation of major histocompatibility complex antigen expression by human immunodeficiency virus-2 gp36.: Immunol Lett. 1999 Jun 1;68(2-3):415-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99351738; Chen YH; Bai Y; Yu T; Dierich MP; Laboratory of Immunology, School of Life Science and Engineering,; Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.; chenyh@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Polymorphic genotypes of the HRES-1 human endogenous retrovirus locus correlate with systemic lupus erythematosus and autoreactivity.: Immunogenetics. 1999 Sep;49(10):829-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99367390; Magistrelli C; Samoilova E; Agarwal RK; Banki K; Ferrante P; Vladutiu A; Phillips PE; Perl A; Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, and; Pathology State University of New York Health Science Center,; College of Medicine, SUNY HSC, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse,; NY 13210, USA.; Antinuclear autoantibodies are a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autoantibodies to HRES-1/p28, a 28 000 M(r) nuclear protein, commonly occur in patients with SLE. HRES-1 is a single-copy endogenous retroviral element mapped to human Chromosome 1 at q42. A polymorphic Hin dIII site defines two different
Renal lesions in AIDS: a biopsy and autopsy study.: Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 1999 Jan;42(1):45-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99349169; Madiwale C; Venkataseshan VS; Department of Pathology, Seth G.S. Medical College, Mumbai,; India.; We studied renal lesions at biopsy (20 cases) and at autopsy (21 cases) among patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Nephrotic syndrome with concomitant renal insufficiency was most common indication for biopsy. 85 percent of biopsies showed features of HIV associated nephropathy (HIVAN) which i
Renal lesions associated with AIDS--an autopsy study.: Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 1999 Jan;42(1):63-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99349171; Lanjewar DN; Ansari MA; Shetty CR; Maheshwari MB; Jain P; Department of Pathology, Grant Medical College, Mumbai.; Kidneys from 55 cases (20 with HIV infection and 35 with AIDS) were studied by routine Haematoxylin and Eosin stains and special stains (PAS, PASM GMS, ZN, Mucicarmine and Congo red) to evaluate, glomerular, interstitial and vascular pathology. Twenty-four of the 35 (68.6%) cases of AIDS showed infective aetiology whi
The role of immunosuppression and immune-activation in classic Kaposi's sarcoma.: Int J Cancer. 1999 Sep 9;82(6):817-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99376946; Touloumi G; Hatzakis A; Potouridou I; Milona I; Strarigos J; Katsambas A; Giraldo G; Beth-Giraldo E; Biggar RJ; Mueller N; Trichopoulos D; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Athens Medical School,; Athens, Greece.; Immunodeficiency and elevated levels of cytokines have been associated with the development of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) lesions in patients with AIDS and iatrogenic immunodeficiency. However, their role in classic KS (CKS) is unclear. We measured peripheral blood cell levels, including T-cell subsets, as well as neopteri
Mother-to-child transmission of human T-cell-leukemia/lymphoma virus type I: implication of high antiviral antibody titer and high proviral load in carrier mothers.: Int J Cancer. 1999 Sep 9;82(6):832-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99376949; Ureta-Vidal A; Angelin-Duclos C; Tortevoye P; Murphy E; Lepere JF; Buigues RP; Jolly N; Joubert M; Carles G; Pouliquen JF; de The G; Moreau JP; Gessain A; Unite d'Epidemiologie des Virus Oncogenes, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.; In order to gain new insights into the risk factors influencing human-T-cell-leukemia/lymphoma-virus-type-I (HTLV-I) mother-to-child transmission, a retrospective study of HTLV-I infection among children born to HTLV-I-seropositive women was carried out in a highly HTLV-I-endemic population of African origin living in
Oral administration of hot water extracts of Chlorella vulgaris reduces IgE production against milk casein in mice.: Int J Immunopharmacol. 1999 May;21(5):311-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99335113; Hasegawa T; Ito K; Ueno S; Kumamoto S; Ando Y; Yamada A; Nomoto K; Yasunobu Y; Research Laboratories, Chlorella Industries Co., Ltd, Chikugo; City, Fukuoka, Japan. hasegawa@chlorella.co.jp; Hot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris (CVE) is a biological response modifier (BRM) which enhances resistance to Listeria monocytogenes through augmentation of helper T cell type 1 (Thl) responses producing gamma-interferon (gammaIFN). We show here that oral administration of CVE in mice suppressed the production of
HIV home tests can be inaccurate [news]: J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1999 Jul;99(7):355. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99370520
Genetic polymorphism near HIV-1 reverse transcriptase resistance-associated codons is a major obstacle for the line probe assay as an alternative method to sequence analysis.: J Virol Methods. 1999 Jun;80(1):25-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99330467; Koch N; Yahi N; Colson P; Fantini J; Tamalet C; Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU La Timone, Marseille, France.; The performance of the line probe assay (LIPA) for the detection of mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase was evaluated in comparison with sequence analysis. The tests were undertaken on plasma samples from 63 patients (61 receiving
Screening for HBV, HCV and HIV genomes in blood donations: shortcomings of pooling revealed by a multicentre study simulating real-time testing.: J Virol Methods. 1999 Jun;80(1):33-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99330468; Lefrere JJ; Cantaloube JF; Defer C; Mercier B; Loiseau P; Vignon D; Pawlotsky JM; Biagini P; Lerable J; Rouger P; Roudot-Thoraval F; Ferec C; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.; lefrere@worldnet.fr; This study was undertaken in order to determine whether screening of viremic blood donations by testing of pooled donor samples could constitute a technically feasible transfusional safety measure. A pilot study of real-time simulation, on a day-to-day basis, of screening of three viral genomes (hepatitis B virus (HBV
A screening assay for antiviral compounds targeted to the HIV-1 gp41 core structure using a conformation-specific monoclonal antibody.: J Virol Methods. 1999 Jun;80(1):85-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99330474; Jiang S; Lin K; Zhang L; Debnath AK; The Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood; Center, NY 10021, USA. sjiang@nybc.org; The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp41 plays an important role in membrane fusion between viruses and target cells. The gp41 ectodomain contains two heptad repeat regions adjacent to the N and C-termini. Peptides derived from these two regions, designated N and C-peptides, are potent inhibitors of HIV-1
Diet modulates Th-1 and Th-2 cytokine production in the peripheral blood of lupus-prone mice.: J Clin Immunol. 1999 May;19(3):172-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99332474; Jolly CA; Fernandes G; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center; at San Antonio 78284-7874, USA.; Calorie restriction or fish oil extends life span. To investigate the potential mechanism(s) involved, young (4-month) and old (9-month) NZB x NZW(F1) mice were fed 5% (w/w) corn oil (CA) or fish oil (FA) ad libitum or 40% restricted (CR and FR, respectively). Peripheral blood T-lymphocytes were analyzed for Th-1 (
The LD78beta isoform of MIP-1alpha is the most potent CCR5 agonist and HIV-1-inhibiting chemokine.: J Clin Invest. 1999 Aug;104(4):R1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380275; Menten P; Struyf S; Schutyser E; Wuyts A; De Clercq E; Schols D; Proost P; Van Damme J; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical; Research, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.; LD78alpha and LD78beta are 2 highly related nonallelic genes that code for different isoforms of the human CC chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha). Two molecular forms of natural LD78beta (7.778 and 7.793 kDa) were identified from conditioned media of stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear ce
Detection of human herpesvirus 8 in Korean Kaposi's sarcoma cases by polymerase chain reaction and in situ polymerase chain reaction.: J Dermatol. 1999 Jul;26(7):434-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99386533; Jang HS; Park JH; Oh CK; Kwon KS; Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Pusan National; University, Korea.; Several infectious agents, including herpesvirus-like particles, had been suggested as possible candidates for the development of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), and a new herpesvirus, human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), was recently identified in the vast majority of KS lesions, irrespective of their association with human immunodef
An institutional analysis of HIV prevention efforts by the nation's outpatient drug abuse treatment units.: J Health Soc Behav. 1999 Jun;40(2):175-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99397094; D'Aunno T; Vaughn TE; McElroy P; University of Chicago, USA. tdaunno@midway.uchicago.edu; Drawing from an institutional-theory perspective on innovations in organizations, this paper examines the use of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention practices by the nation s outpatient substance abuse treatment units during a critical period from 1988 to 1995. An institutional perspective argues that organi
Ethnicity and sex differences in university students' knowledge of AIDS, fear of AIDS, and homophobia.: J Homosex. 1999;37(3):117-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369447; Waldner LK; Sikka A; Baig S; Department of Social Sciences, University of Houston-Downtown, TX; 77002, USA. WaldnerL@dt.uh.edu; One hundred ninety students at a southwestern urban university participated in a study that investigated ethnicity and sex differences in AIDS-related variables: AIDS knowledge, fear of AIDS, and homophobia. Analysis of data (ANOVA) revealed that African-Americans had significantly lower scores on measures of AIDS kno
Resistance to a residential AIDS home: an empirical test of NIMBY.: J Homosex. 1999;37(3):135-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369448; Colon I; Marston B; Temple University, School of Social Administration, Philadelphia,; PA 19122, USA.; OBJECTIVE: This study is designed to evaluate the NIMBY (not-in-my-back-yard) syndrome regarding a proposed residential home for HIV-positive individuals. Hypotheses attempted to explain support of the home and fear of loss in real estate values. These variables were analyzed in terms of value of homes, distance to si
Status passages: the experience of HIV-positive gay men.: J Homosex. 1999;37(3):87-115. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99369446; Lewis J; Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Windsor,; Ontario, Canada.; Data obtained in in-depth interviews with 25 HIV-positive gay men are used to expand upon the literature on status passages, specifically the processes involved in accommodating to HIV and the associated socially stigmatized identity. Experiences reported by respondents suggested that Persons living with HIV and AIDS
Cutting edge: blockade of the CD28/B7 costimulatory pathway inhibits intestinal allograft rejection mediated by CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2358-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384046; Newell KA; He G; Guo Z; Kim O; Szot GL; Rulifson I; Zhou P; Hart J; Thistlethwaite JR; Bluestone JA; Department of Surgery, Committee on Immunology, Ben May Institute; for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.; newell@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu; The effect of blocking the CD28/B7 costimulatory pathway on intestinal allograft rejection was examined in mice. Murine CTLA4Ig failed to prevent the rejection of allografts transplanted into wild-type or CD4 knockout (KO) mice but did inhibit allograft rejection by CD8 KO recipients. This effect was associated with d
Cutting edge: CXCR4-Lo: molecular cloning and functional expression of a novel human CXCR4 splice variant.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2368-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384048; Gupta SK; Pillarisetti K; Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, SmithKline Beecham; Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA.; Shalley_K_Gupta@sbphrd.com; Human CXCR4 is a specific receptor for the CXC chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and a coreceptor for T cell line tropic strains of HIV-1. Genetic knockouts of CXCR4 and SDF-1 have delineated their critical role during embryonic cardiogenesis, leukopoiesis, and vasculogenesis. Herein, we used bioinformat
Cutting edge: activation of NK T cells by CD1d and alpha-galactosylceramide directs conventional T cells to the acquisition of a Th2 phenotype.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2373-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384049; Singh N; Hong S; Scherer DC; Serizawa I; Burdin N; Kronenberg M; Koezuka Y; Van Kaer L; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville,; TN 37232, USA.; NK T cells recognize glycolipid Ags such as alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) presented by the MHC class I-like molecule CD1d. In this paper we have studied the in vivo effects of alpha-GalCer on the generation of adaptive immune responses. Treatment of mice with alpha-GalCer resulted in rapid activation of NK T
Caspase-1 regulates the inflammatory process leading to autoimmune demyelination.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2403-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384054; Furlan R; Martino G; Galbiati F; Poliani PL; Smiroldo S; Bergami A; Desina G; Comi G; Flavell R; Su MS; Adorini L; Experimental Neuroimmunotherapy Unit, Department of; Biotechnology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; T cell-mediated inflammation is considered to play a key role in the pathogenic mechanisms sustaining multiple sclerosis (MS). Caspase-1, formerly designated IL-1beta-converting enzyme, is crucially involved in immune-mediated inflammation because of its pivotal role in regulating the cellular export of IL-1beta and I
Reduced IL-4-, lipopolysaccharide-, and IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II expression in mice lacking class II transactivator due to targeted deletion of the GTP-binding domain.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2425-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384057; Itoh-Lindstrom Y; Piskurich JF; Felix NJ; Wang Y; Brickey WJ; Platt JL; Koller BH; Ting JP; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North; Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, USA.; Class II transactivator (CIITA) is an unusual transcriptional coactivator in that it contains a functionally important, GTP-binding consensus domain. To assess the functional role of the GTP-binding domain of CIITA in vivo, we have generated knockout mice that bear a mutation in the CIITA gene spanning the GTP-binding
CD28 costimulation accelerates IL-4 receptor sensitivity and IL-4-mediated Th2 differentiation.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2432-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384058; Kubo M; Yamashita M; Abe R; Tada T; Okumura K; Ransom JT; Nakayama T; Division of Immunobiology, Research Institute for Biological; Sciences, Science University of Tokyo, Noda City, Chiba, Japan.; raysolfc@rs.noda.sut.ac.jp; The development of Th1 and Th2 cells is determined by the type of antigenic stimulation involved in the initial cell activation step. Evidence indicates that costimulatory signals, such as those delivered by CD28, play an important role in Th2 development, but little is known about how CD28 costimulation contributes t
Cytokine deprivation of naive CD8+ T cells promotes minimal cell cycling but maximal cytokine synthesis and autonomous proliferation subsequently: a mechanism of self-regulation.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2443-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384059; Sad S; Krishnan L; Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of; Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. subash.sad@nrc.ca; Naive CD8+ T cells differentiate into effectors secreting various cytokines that aid their function. IL-2 , but not IL-15, promoted this differentiation of naive CD8+ T cells into effectors. However, the amount of IL-2 present during differentiation had a dichotomous ef
Norepinephrine-mediated inhibition of antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte generation involves a beta-adrenergic receptor mechanism and decreased TNF-alpha gene expression.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2492-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384065; Kalinichenko VV; Mokyr MB; Graf LH Jr; Cohen RL; Chambers DA; Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, Department of; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Illinois,; Chicago 60612, USA.; We have previously shown that norepinephrine (NE) inhibits the in vitro generation of anti-MOPC-315 CTL activity by spleen cells from BALB/c mice rejecting a large MOPC-315 tumor as a consequence of low-dose melphalan (l -phenylalanine mustard (l PAM)) treatment (l -PAM TuB spleen cells). Since TNF-alpha plays a key r
Phenotypical and functional characterization of the CD8+ T cell repertoire of HLA-A2.1 transgenic, H-2KbnullDbnull double knockout mice.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2555-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384073; Ureta-Vidal A; Firat H; Perarnau B; Lemonnier FA; Unite d'Immunite Cellulaire Antivirale, Departement; SIDA-Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; Homozygous HLA-A2.1 transgenic H-2KbnullDbnull double knockout (KO) mice were created. Their potential to develop HLA-A2. 1-restricted cytolytic responses was compared with that of their classical transgenic counterparts, which still express H-2Kb, Db molecules. On cell surfaces, both strains express similar amounts o
Adjuvant effect of IL-12: conversion of peptide antigen administration from tolerizing to immunizing for CD8+ T cells in vivo.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2561-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384074; Schmidt CS; Mescher MF; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for; Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.; CD8+ T cells from TCR transgenic 2C mice, specific for SIYRYYGL peptide bound to H-2Kb, were adoptively transferred into C57BL/6 recipients to allow monitoring of their location, numbers, and phenotype upon peptide challenge. Recipients were primed by s.c. injection of SIYRYYGL alone or with CFA or IL-12, and the tran
Intranasal exposure to protein antigen induces immunological tolerance mediated by functionally disabled CD4+ T cells.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2592-600. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384078; Tsitoura DC; DeKruyff RH; Lamb JR; Umetsu DT; Division of Immunology and Transplantation Biology, Department of; Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.; daphne.tsitoura@stanford.ca; In this study we examined the immunological parameters underlying the natural immunity to inhaled nonpathogenic proteins. We addressed this question by examining the effect of intranasal exposure to OVA in both wild-type mice and mice reconstituted with OVA-TCR transgenic CD4+ T cells. Intranasal administration of OVA
mdr1a-encoded P-glycoprotein is not required for peripheral T cell proliferation, cytokine release, or cytotoxic effector function in mice.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2621-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384081; Eisenbraun MD; Miller RA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Department of; Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; 48109, USA.; The plasma membrane transport protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is expressed by subsets of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in mice. The proportion of T cells that express P-gp goes up with age, and the P-gp-expressing subset of the CD4 memory population is hyporesponsive in many in vitro assays. The significance of P-gp expres
The role of CTLA-4 in regulating Th2 differentiation.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2634-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384083; Oosterwegel MA; Mandelbrot DA; Boyd SD; Lorsbach RB; Jarrett DY; Abbas AK; Sharpe AH; Immunology Research Division, Department of Pathology, Brigham; and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115,; USA.; To examine the role of CTLA-4 in Th cell differentiation, we used two newly generated CTLA-4-deficient (CTLA-4-/-) mouse strains: DO11. 10 CTLA-4-/- mice carrying a class II restricted transgenic TCR specific for OVA, and mice lacking CTLA-4, B7.1 and B7.2 (CTLA-4-/- B7.1/B7.2-/- ). When purified naive CD4+ DO11.10 T
HIV-1 Tat induces monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-mediated monocyte transmigration across a model of the human blood-brain barrier and up-regulates CCR5 expression on human monocytes.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2953-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384124; Weiss JM; Nath A; Major EO; Berman JW; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY 10461, USA.; AIDS dementia is characterized by neuronal loss in association with synaptic damage. A central predictor for clinical onset of these symptoms is the infiltration of monocytes and macrophages into CNS parenchyma. Chronic HIV-1 infection of monocytes also allows these cells to serve
Pancreas-infiltrating Th1 cells and diabetes develop in IL-12-deficient nonobese diabetic mice.: J Immunol. 1999 Sep 1;163(5):2960-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384125; Trembleau S; Penna G; Gregori S; Chapman HD; Serreze DV; Magram J; Adorini L; Roche Milano Ricerche, Milano, Italy.; IL-12 and IL-12 antagonist administration to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice accelerates and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), respectively. To further define the role of endogenous IL-12 in the development of diabetogenic Th1 cells, IL-12-deficient NOD mice were generated and analyzed. Th1 responses t
Antigen-specific signaling by a soluble, dimeric peptide/major histocompatibility complex class II/Fc chimera leading to T helper cell type 2 differentiation.: J Exp Med. 1999 Aug 16;190(4):543-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380356; Casares S; Zong CS; Radu DL; Miller A; Bona CA; Brumeanu TD; Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, New York 10029, USA.; Interaction between a T cell receptor (TCR) and various ligands, i.e. , anti-TCR antibodies, superantigens, peptides, or altered peptide ligands in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules can trigger different T helper cell (Th) effector functions. Herein, we studied the T cell response induced
Epstein-barr virus-infected resting memory B cells, not proliferating lymphoblasts, accumulate in the peripheral blood of immunosuppressed patients.: J Exp Med. 1999 Aug 16;190(4):567-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99380358; Babcock GJ; Decker LL; Freeman RB; Thorley-Lawson DA; Department of Pathology, Tufts University School of Medicine,; Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.; When Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects B cells in vitro, the result is a proliferating lymphoblast that expresses at least nine latent proteins. It is generally believed that these cells are rigorously controlled in vivo by cytotoxic T cells. Consistent with this, the latently infected cells in the peripheral blood of
Quantitative structure-activity relationships of some HIV-protease inhibitors.: J Enzyme Inhib. 1999;14(2):109-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99374064; Gupta SP; Babu MS; Kaw N; Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Rajasthan, India.; A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study has been made on different series of cycloalkylpyranones acting as human-immunodeficiency-virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors . The results suggest that the enzyme binding affinity of the compounds woul
Human herpesvirus 8 and cancer [editorial; comment]: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Sep 1;91(17):1440-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99400800; Beral V; Newton R; Sitas F
Perspective on Kaposi's sarcoma: facts, concepts, and conjectures.: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Sep 1;91(17):1453-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99400808; Reitz MS Jr; Nerurkar LS; Gallo RC; M.S. Reitz, Jr., R.C. Gallo, Institute of Human Virology,; University of Maryland at Baltimore, USA.
Human herpesvirus 8 seropositivity and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma and other acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related diseases [see comments]: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Sep 1;91(17):1468-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99400810; Rezza G; Andreoni M; Dorrucci M; Pezzotti P; Monini P; Zerboni R; Salassa B; Colangeli V; Sarmati L; Nicastri E; Barbanera M; Pristera R; Aiuti F; Ortona L; Ensoli B; G. Rezza, M. Dorrucci, P. Pezzotti (Centro Operativo AIDS), P.; Monini, B. Ensoli (Laboratory of Virology), Istituto Superiore di; Sanita, Rome, Italy. g.rezza@net.iss.it; BACKGROUND: The incidence of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is increased severalfold in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV). Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) has also been implicated in KS. We investigated several factors that may determine the onset of KS, particularly HHV8 infection in individuals after
Thoracic computed tomography of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: relevance for the course of disease.: J Thorac Imaging. 1999 Jul;14(3):185-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99332583; Knollmann FD; Grunewald T; Neitzert J; Bergmann F; Schedel H; Pohle HD; Felix R; Department of Radiology, Charite, Virchow Hospital Campus,; Medical Faculty of the Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany.; To determine the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic implications of thoracic computed tomography (CT) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV), CT scans of 154 HIV-infected patients (mean age, 41 years; range 23-65 years; 18 female) with suspicion of pulmonary disease were retrospectively reviewed
Tattoos, body piercing and thrush: a lesson on the harmful effects of lost objectivity [letter]: Mayo Clin Proc. 1999 Aug;74(8):844. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99400345; Kraytem A; Uldry PY; Lopez-Liuchi JV
[Withdrawal of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis in patients receiving efficacious combined antiretroviral treatment. Study of 85 cases]: Med Clin (Barc). 1999 Jun 26;113(3):89-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394008; Garcia Vazquez E; de Gorgolas Hernandez M; Garcia Delgado R; Fernandez Guerrero ML; Division de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz,; Universidad Autonoma de Madrid.; OBJECTIVES: To analyse the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after the withdrawal of prophylaxis, in patients with AIDS who were receiving HAART (highly active antiretroviral treatment). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective opened study of 85 patients with AIDS (CD4 lymphocytes
[Interactions of antiretroviral drugs]: Med Clin (Barc). 1999 Jun 26;113(3):94-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394010; Fuertes A; Otero MJ; Servicio de Medicina Interna II, Hospital Universitario de; Salamanca. aurfuert@gugu.usal.es
Patients recalled after endoscope contamination [news]: Lancet. 1999 Aug 14;354(9178):578. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99397316; Coney S
Effect of suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T) on cytokine production by allergen-specific human Th1 and Th2 cell lines.: Life Sci. 1999;65(8):763-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99394618; Oda N; Minoguchi K; Yokoe T; Hashimoto T; Wada K; Miyamoto M; Tanaka A; Kohno Y; Adachi M; First Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University, School; of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.; Suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T) is an antiallergic agent that suppresses airway eosinophil infiltration in asthma. We investigated the effects of IPD-1151T on proliferative response and cytokine production by human antigen-specific T cell lines. Purified protein derivatives (PPD)-specific T helper 1 (Th1) cell lines an
Efficient propagation of human herpesvirus 6B in a T-cell line derived from a patient with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.: Microbiol Immunol. 1999;43(5):425-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99376489; Zhou CF; Abe K; Wang P; Ojima T; Yamamoto K; Department of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical; and Dental University, Japan.; The efficient propagation of the OK strain of the B variant of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6B) was demonstrated in a line of T cells, TaY, established from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). Growth of TaY cells depends on the presence of
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr modifies cell proliferation via multiple pathways.: Microbiol Immunol. 1999;43(5):437-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99376490; Yamaguchi T; Watanabe N; Nakauchi H; Koito A; Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and; Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of; Tsukuba, Japan.; Vpr, one of the accessory molecules of HIV-1, has been demonstrated to arrest the cell cycle at the G2 phase. This Vpr-mediated cell cycle arrest is implicated to have an important role in the viral life cycle. In the present study, we quantitate the extent of Vpr-mediated cell cycle arrest with the use of a bicistron
Relationships between proteasomes and viral gene products.: Mol Biol Rep. 1999 Apr;26(1-2):113-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99290324; Jarrousse AS; Gautier K; Apcher S; Badaoui S; Boissonnet G; Dadet MH; Henry L; Bureau JP; Schmid HP; Petit F; Laboratoire OVGV UA INRA 987, equipe Proteasome &; Auto-Surveillance Cellulaire, Universite Blaise Pascal; Clermont-Fd, Aubiere, France.; The interrelationships between proteasomes and viral gene products are very complex. 20S proteasomes associate with a number of viral mRNAs which are cleaved by proteasome s associated endonuclease activity. In addition proteasome s endopeptidase activities are involved in the presentation of viral antigens. Viral pro
Manipulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in cachexia: pentoxifylline suppresses the activation of 20S and 26S proteasomes in muscles from tumor-bearing rats.: Mol Biol Rep. 1999 Apr;26(1-2):95-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99290322; Combaret L; Ralliere C; Taillandier D; Tanaka K; Attaix D; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique and Centre de la; Recherche en Nutrition Humaine de Clermont-Ferand, Ceyrat,; France.; The development of pharmacological approaches for preventing the loss of muscle proteins would be extremely valuable for cachectic patients. For example, severe wasting in cancer patients correlates with a reduced efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a very inexpensive xanthine derivative
Tat-SF1 protein associates with RAP30 and human SPT5 proteins.: Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Sep;19(9):5960-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384264; Kim JB; Yamaguchi Y; Wada T; Handa H; Sharp PA; Center for Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts; Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.; The potent transactivator Tat recognizes the transactivation response RNA element (TAR) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and stimulates the processivity of elongation of RNA polymerase (Pol) II complexes. The cellular proteins Tat-SF1 and human SPT5 (hSPT5) are required for Tat activation as shown by immunodeple
Overexpression of the Helix-Loop-Helix protein Id2 blocks T cell development at multiple stages.: Mol Immunol. 1999 Jun;36(8):491-503. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99402589; Morrow MA; Mayer EW; Perez CA; Adlam M; Siu G; Department of Biology, State University of New York, New Paltz; 12561-2499, USA. morrowm@matrix.newpaltz.edu; The Id proteins are inhibitors of basic-Helix-Loop-Helix transcription factor function that have been implicated in the control of cell differentiation and proliferation. To study the role of Id proteins in the control of T cell development, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress the Id2 protein in thymocytes.
Development of scarring and renal failure in a rat model of crescentic glomerulonephritis.: Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999 Jul;14(7):1658-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99362251; Tam FW; Smith J; Morel D; Karkar AM; Thompson EM; Cook HT; Pusey CD; Division of Medicine and Department of Histopathology, Imperial; College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.; ftam@rpms.ac.uk; BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a rat model of crescentic glomerulonephritis which progresses to glomerulosclerosis and renal failure. METHODS: Glomerulonephritis was induced in Wistar Kyoto rats by a single injection of rabbit anti-glomerular basement membrane antiserum. Albuminuria
Protecting the health of medical students on electives.: N Z Med J. 1999 Jul 23;112(1092):264-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99399867
Indinavir concentrations and antiviral effect.: Pharmacotherapy. 1999 Jun;19(6):708-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99318300; Acosta EP; Henry K; Baken L; Page LM; Fletcher CV; College of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacology,; University of Minnesota Academic Health Sciences Center,; Minneapolis 55455, USA.; STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the variability of indinavir pharmacokinetics in patients attending an outpatient clinic, and to explore relationships between indinavir exposure and antiviral effect. DESIGN: Open, formal pharmacokinetic evaluation. SETTING: University-affiliated clinical research center. PATIENTS: Fort
Comparison of a neural network approach with five traditional methods for predicting creatinine clearance in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Pharmacotherapy. 1999 Jun;19(6):734-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99318303; Herman RA; Noormohamed S; Hirankarn S; Shelton MJ; Huang E; Morse GD; Hewitt RG; Stapleton JT; College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.; STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of an artificial neural network approach with those of five published creatinine clearance (Cl(cr)) prediction equations and with the measured (true) Cl(cr) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN: Six-month prospective study. SETTINGS: Two unive
Predictors of the severity of acute pancreatitis in patients with HIV infection or AIDS.: Pancreas. 1999 Aug;19(2):133-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99364870; Parithivel VS; Yousuf AM; Albu E; Kaul A; Aydinalp N; Department of Surgery, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, New; York 10457, USA.; We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 54 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who were hospitalized at the Bronx- Lebanon Hospital Center with acute pancreatitis betwe
Costimulation of CD28- T cells through CD3 and beta1-integrins induces a limited Th1 cytokine response.: Scand J Immunol. 1999 Aug;50(2):145-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377211; Saukkonen JJ; Tantri A; Berman J; The Pulmonary Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston,; MA, USA.; The costimulatory molecule CD28 regulates antigen-specific T-cell proliferation and the synthesis of multiple cytokines. The absence of CD28 on a subset of CD8bright+ T cells suggests that these cells may utilize alternative costimulatory pathways or have a limited cytokine response to presented antigen. We used fibro
Bulk culture levels of specific cytotoxic T-cell activity against HIV-1 proteins are not associated with risk of death.: Scand J Immunol. 1999 Aug;50(2):223-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99377222; Aladdin H; Ullum H; Lepri AC; Leffers H; Katzenstein T; Gerstoft J; Gjedde SB; Phillips AN; Skinhoj P; Pedersen BK; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200; Copenhagen N, Denmark.; The ability of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to control and influence the outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is not fully understood. The association between HIV-CTL activity and disease progression was evaluated prospectively in 36 HIV-1-infected individuals with a median follow-up of 3.0 years.
Breast is still best [letter]: S Afr Med J. 1999 May;89(5):490. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99344951; Chopra M
Prevalence of infection with human herpesvirus 8/Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus in rural South Africa.: S Afr Med J. 1999 May;89(5):554-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99344971; Wilkinson D; Sheldon J; Gilks CF; Schulz TF; Centre for Epidemiological Research in Southern Africa, Medical; Research Council, Mtubatuba, KwaZulu-Natal.