1999

Unusual presentation and course of HIV-1 progressive encephalopathy.: Pediatr Neurol. 1999 Apr;20(4):301-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99258832; Angelini L; Zibordi F; Triulzi F; Pinzani R; Plebani A; Department of Neuropediatrics, Istituto Nazionale Neurologico C.; Besta, Milan, Italy.; The present report concerns a vertically human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected 7-year-old child, in whom a neurodegenerative disease occurred after an acute neurologic disorder that was in all likelihood symptomatic of HIV-1 encephalitis. At the steady state the neurologic disease fulfilled the accepted
Regulatory Th2-type T cell lines against insulin and GAD peptides derived from orally- and nasally-treated NOD mice suppress diabetes.: J Autoimmun. 1999 Jun;12(4):251-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264266; Maron R; Melican NS; Weiner HL; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Center; for Neurologic Diseases, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA; 02115, USA.; Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop diabetes. Ourselves and others have previously shown that oral and nasal administration of insulin or glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) suppresses development of diabetes in the NOD mouse and that this suppression appears secondary to the generation of regulatory T c
Enhanced human immunodeficiency virus infection in macrophages by high-molecular-weight dextran sulfate is associated with conformational changes of gp120 and expression of the CCR5 receptor.: Viral Immunol. 1999;12(1):23-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264034; Jagodzinski PP; Wierzbicki A; Wustner J; Kaneko Y; Kozbor D; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson; University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.; High-molecular-weight dextran sulfate (HMDS) inhibits infection of CD4+ lymphocytes by T-cell (T)-tropic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolates, but augments replication of macrophage (M)-tropic isolates in primary human macrophages and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated THP-1 monocytic cells. To addr
Simian retrovirus receptor and neutralization mechanism by antibodies to the envelope glycoprotein.: Viral Immunol. 1999;12(1):47-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264037; Anderson DE; Torres JV; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.; Type D simian retroviruses (SRV) cause an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in monkeys. Results of infection with SRV range from complete recovery with absence of viremia to a viremic state, which produces AIDS-like symptoms and culminates in death. These varied outcomes render the interaction of the host and
Epitope mapping of rat neutralizing monoclonal antibody against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 by a phage peptide library: comparison with ELISA using synthetic peptides.: Viral Immunol. 1999;12(1):57-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264038; Ichiyama K; Ishikawa D; Tanaka Y; Kashiwa T; Koyanagi Y; Handa S; Yamashita A; Fukushi M; Yamamoto N; Taki T; Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University; School of Medicine, Japan.; We generated a rat monoclonal antibody (mAb W#10) with the ability to neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1IIIB (HIV-1IIIB) infection. The epitope recognized by mAb W#10 was defined as R-I-Q-R-G-P-G by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the use of synthetic peptides. The filamentous phage clones d
Characterization of neutralizing sites in the second variable and fourth variable region in gp125 and a conserved region in gp36 of human immunodeficiency virus type 2.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264040; Skott P; Achour A; Norin M; Thorstensson R; Bjorling E; Several determinants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been suggested to harbor sites important for neutralization. The third variable region (V3) of the envelope glycoprotein (gp) is an important neutralizing determinant for both serotypes of HIV. The localization of additional neutralizing regions is an urg
Antigen-specific in vitro activation of T-lymphocyte subsets of cattle immunized with a modified live bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine.: Viral Immunol. 1999;12(1):9-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264033; Quade MJ; Roth JA; Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine,; College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames; 50011, USA.; Bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cattle immunized with a modified live virus bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) vaccine and from BHV1-negative cattle were incubated in vitro with inactivated BHV1 for 6 days. Activation of T-lymphocyte subsets was measured by two-color flow cytometric analysis of T-cell phenotyp
Immune correlates of protection from HIV and AIDS - more answers but yet more questions.: Immunol Today. 1999 Jun;20(6):247-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284496; Heeney JL; Beverley P; McMichael A; Shearer G; Strominger J; Wahren B; Weber J; Gotch F; Dept of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange; Kleiweg 157, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands. heeney@bprc.nl
Novel mechanism for the impairment of cell proliferation in HIV-1 infection.: Immunol Today. 1999 Jun;20(6):258-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284499; Bofill M; Borthwick NJ; Simmonds HA; Dept of Clinical Immunoloy, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK NW3; 2QG. bofill@rfhsm.ac.uk; The synthesis of ribonucleotides is essential to cell proliferation. Defects in the relevant metabolic pathways have been demonstrated in stimulated T cells from AIDS patients and are associated with lymphocyte necrotic death. Here, Margarita Bofill and colleagues discuss the possibility that an impaired ribonucleotid
T-cell clonality in immune responses.: Immunol Today. 1999 Jun;20(6):262-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284500; Maini MK; Casorati G; Dellabona P; Wack A; Beverley PC; Dept of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Royal Free and University; College Medical School, Mortimer Market off Capper St, London, UK; WC1E 6AU. m.maini@ucl.ac.uk; Recent methodological advances allow the analysis of clonal composition within T-cell subsets. Here, Mala Maini and colleagues review the available data on clonality in acute immune responses and steady-state situations. They highlight and explore reasons for the striking differences in clonality between the CD4+ and
Protease inhibitor-containing regimens compared with nucleoside analogues alone in the suppression of persistent HIV-1 replication in lymphoid tissue.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):F1-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223945; Ruiz L; van Lunzen J; Arno A; Stellbrink HJ; Schneider C; Rull M; Castella E; Ojanguren I; Richman DD; Clotet B; Tenner-Racz K; Racz P; Retrovirology Laboratory, Fundacio irsiCaixa, Badalona, Spain.; OBJECTIVE: Lymphoid tissue provides a reservoir where HIV can persist. However, therapies incorporating a protease inhibitor can target this reservoir. This study was designed to investigate the relative long-term effects on lymph-node viral load and cellular architecture of regimens containing multiple nucleosides al
Combination therapy containing ritonavir plus saquinavir has superior short-term antiretroviral efficacy: a randomized trial.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):F9-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223946; Kirk O; Katzenstein TL; Gerstoft J; Mathiesen L; Nielsen H; Pedersen C; Lundgren JD; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University; of Copenhagen, Denmark.; OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy and safety of indinavir 800 mg three times a day, ritonavir 600 mg twice a day, and a combination of ritonavir 400 mg twice a day and saquinavir 40
Astrocytes: HIV cellular reservoirs and important participants in neuropathogenesis [editorial]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):1-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223947; Brack-Werner R
New therapy explains the fall in AIDS incidence with a substantial rise in number of persons on treatment expected.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):103-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223958; Aalen OO; Farewell VT; De Angelis D; Day NE; Gill ON; Section of Medical Statistics, University of Oslo, Norway.; BACKGROUND: A marked decline in the number of reported AIDS cases has been observed in the United Kingdom , as in many industrialized countries, in 1996 and 1997. In England and Wales, a large reduction in AIDS cases has been recorded among homosexual and bisexual men. OBJECTIVES: To in
Evaluation of HIV serial and parallel serologic testing algorithms in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):109-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223959; Nkengasong JN; Maurice C; Koblavi S; Kalou M; Yavo D; Maran M; Bile C; N'guessan K; Kouadio J; Bony S; Wiktor SZ; Greenberg AE; Virology Laboratory, Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate HIV serologic testing algorithms based on a combination of three enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the confirmation of HIV infection in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire , where HIV-2 and HIV-1 non-B subtypes are prevalent. METHODS: A total of 1069 huma
Is zidovudine therapy in pregnant HIV-infected women associated with gestational age and birthweight? The European Collaborative Study.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):119-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223960; Department of Epidemology and Public Health, Institute of Child; Health, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: Prophylactic zidovudine during pregnancy and labour reduces maternal viral load and, with neonatal therapy, has been shown to reduce vertical transmission. However, zidovudine may have additional effects. Advanced HIV disease is associated with premature delivery, which in turn results in increased vertical
Post-partum sexual abstinence in West Africa: implications for AIDS-control and family planning programmes.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):125-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223961; Cleland JG; Ali MM; Capo-Chichi V; Centre for Population Studies, London School of Hygiene and; Tropical Medicine, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the custom of prolonged post-partum sexual abstinence in Benin is associated with an increased incidence of extra-marital sexual contacts by husbands. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of adult men and women. METHODS: Data obtained from men on their extra-m
Serological testing algorithms for the diagnosis of HIV infection [editorial]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):133-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223962; Dax EM
Vaccination and HIV-1 replication during highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):135-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223963; Kroon FP; Beersma MF; Kroes AC; Groeneveld PH; van Dissel JT
The decline of CD8+CD28+ peripheral lymphocytes is correlated with the evolution of AIDS in macaques infected with SIVmac251 [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):136-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223964; Lebel-Binay S; Vaslin B; Gigout L; Parinello F; Le Grand R; Dormont D
Molecular typing of non-typhoid Salmonella strains isolated from HIV-infected patients with recurrent salmonellosis [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):137-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223965; Rubino S; Spanu L; Mannazzu M; Schiaffino A; Mura MS; Cappuccinelli P; Aceti A
Cerebrospinal fluid S-100b concentrations in patients with HIV infection [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):139-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223966; Green AJ; Giovannoni G; Miller RF; Harrison MJ; Thompson EJ
Recombinant interleukin-2 for treatment of HIV reduces hepatitis C viral load in coinfected patients [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):140-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223967; Uberti-Foppa C; De Bona A; Morsica G; Guffanti M; Gianotti N; Boeri E; Lazzarin A
The prevalence of non-B subtype HIV-1 in a London HIV/AIDS outpatient clinic [letter]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223968; Devereux H; Loveday C; Burke A
Incidence of HIV infection in homosexual men attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic in London measured by a novel unlinked anonymous method [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):143-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223969; Miller E; Waight P; Mercey D; Parry J; Newham J; Nicoll A
Child feeding practices of HIV-positive mothers in Cape Town, South Africa [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):144-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223970; Kuhn L; Mathews C; Fransman D; Dikweni L; Hussey G
HIV/AIDS, orphans, and access to school education in a community of Kampala, Uganda [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):146-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223971; Muller O; Sen G; Nsubuga A
Withdrawal of Mycobacterium avium complex suppressive therapy in HIV-1-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):147-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223972; Martinez E; Miro JM; Gonzalez J; Mallolas J; Gatell JM
Indinavir and thrombocytopenia [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):148-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223973; Durand JM
Tuberculosis treatment practices in the era of protease inhibitors: a provider survey [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):149-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223974; Sundaram V; Driver CR; Munsiff SS
Involvement of human interleukin-6 in systemic manifestations of human herpesvirus type 8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):150-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223975; Foussat A; Fior R; Girard T; Boue F; Wijdenes J; Galanaud P; Emilie D
Visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients with non-detectable HIV-1 viral load after highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):152-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223976; Jimenez-Exposito MJ; Alonso-Villaverde C; Sarda P; Masana L
HIV-1-specific mucosal IgA in a cohort of HIV-1-resistant Kenyan sex workers.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):23-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223948; Kaul R; Trabattoni D; Bwayo JJ; Arienti D; Zagliani A; Mwangi FM; Kariuki C; Ngugi EN; MacDonald KS; Ball TB; Clerici M; Plummer FA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Community Health,; University of Nairobi, Kenya.; OBJECTIVES: Most HIV-1 transmission is sexual; therefore, immune responses in the genital mucosa may be important in mediating protection against HIV infection. This study examined HIV-1-specific mucosal IgA in a cohort of HIV-1-resistant Kenyan female sex workers. METHODS: HIV-1-specific immune responses were compare
Serum HIV-1 p24 antibody, HIV-1 RNA copy number and CD4 lymphocyte percentage are independently associated with risk of mortality in HIV-1-infected children. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intravenous Immunoglobulin Clinical Trial Study Group.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):31-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223949; Mofenson LM; Harris DR; Rich K; Meyer WA 3rd; Read JS; Moye J Jr; Nugent RP; Korelitz J; Bethel J; Pahwa S; Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, Center for; Research for Mothers and Children, National Institute of Child; Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health,; Rockville, MD 20852, USA.; OBJECTIVE: The role of HIV-1 antibody in modulating disease progression must be assessed in the context of other immune and viral load markers. We evaluated the association between HIV-1 p24 antibody, HIV-1 RNA, immune complex-dissociated (ICD) p24 antigen, CD4 cell percentage, and mortality in a cohort of 218 HIV-inf
Interpatient genetic variability of HIV-1 group O.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):41-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/X96529; Janssens W; Heyndrickx L; Van der Auwera G; Nkengasong J; Beirnaert E; Vereecken K; Coppens S; Willems B; Fransen K; Peeters M; Ndumbe P; Delaporte E; van der Groen G; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine,; Antwerp, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE: To analyse the genetic and phylogenetic characteristics of HIV-1 group O viruses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The env gene, encoding the gp160 glycoprotein, and a partial p24-encoding gag gene fragment of a Cameroonian (CA9) and a Gabonese (VI686) HIV-1 group O virus, isolated from cultured peripheral blood mono
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and fluconazole enhance anti-cryptococcal activity of monocytes from AIDS patients.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):49-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223951; Tascini C; Vecchiarelli A; Preziosi R; Francisci D; Bistoni F; Baldelli F; Department of Experimenta Medicine and Biochemical Sciences,; University of Perugia, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hrGM-CSF) and fluconazole on anti-cryptococcal activity of monocytes from AIDS patients and normal subjects. DESIGN: The effect of GM-CSF and fluconazole on fungistatic and fungicidal activity of monocytes was s
HIV-1 RNA response to antiretroviral treatment in 1280 participants in the Delta Trial: an extended virology study. Delta Coordinating Committee and Delta Virology Committee.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):57-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223952; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College; London Medical School, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in HIV RNA and their relationship to disease progression. DESIGN AND SETTING: Delta was a randomized double-blind trial comparing zidovudine (ZDV) monotherapy with ZDV plus didanosine (ddI) or ZDV plus zalcitabine ( ddC ). P
In vivo HIV-1 replicative capacity in early and advanced infection.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):67-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223953; Phillips AN; McLean AR; Loveday C; Tyrer M; Bofill M; Devereux H; Madge S; Dykoff A; Drinkwater A; Burke A; Huckett L; Janossy G; Johnson MA; Royal Free Centre for HIV Medicine, Department of Primary Care; and Population Sciences, Royal Free and University College; Medical School, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: Previous studies on patients treated with potent antiretroviral therapy have shown that viral clearance rates do not tend to change between early and advanced HIV-1 infection. Our objective was to investigate whether the other major aspect of virus dynamics, viral replicative capacity, does change. In vitro
Insertion of two amino acids combined with changes in reverse transcriptase containing tyrosine-215 of HIV-1 resistant to multiple nucleoside analogs.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):75-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223954; de Jong JJ; Goudsmit J; Lukashov VV; Hillebrand ME; Baan E; Huismans R; Danner SA; ten Veen JH; de Wolf F; Jurriaans S; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Centre,; University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To identify genotypic drug resistance patterns of HIV-1 in patients who were extensively pretreated with anti-HIV drugs and not responding to their current antiretroviral combination therapy . METHODS: Drug susceptibility of the viruses was tested by a phenot
Combination antiretroviral therapy including ritonavir in children infected with human immunodeficiency.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):81-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223955; Thuret I; Michel G; Chambost H; Tamalet C; Giraud P; Brunet C; Perrimond H; Service d'Hematologie Pediatrique, CHU Timone, Marseille,; France.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of combination therapy that includes ritonavir in HIV-1 infected children. DESIGN: A monocentric retrospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-two children with a
Persistently negative HIV-1 antibody enzyme immunoassay screening results for patients with HIV-1 infection and AIDS: serologic, clinical, and virologic results. Seronegative AIDS Clinical Study Group.: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):89-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223956; Sullivan PS; Schable C; Koch W; Do AN; Spira T; Lansky A; Ellenberger D; Lal RB; Hyer C; Davis R; Marx M; Paul S; Kent J; Armor R; McFarland J; Lafontaine J; Mottice S; Cassol SA; Michael N; Surveillance Branch, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB; Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta,; GA 30333, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To describe persons with HIV infection and AIDS but with persistently negative HIV antibody enzyme immunoassay (EIA) results. DESIGN: Surveillance for persons meeting a case definition for HIV-1-seronegative AIDS. SETTING: United States and C
Protease inhibitors as initial therapy for individuals with an intermediate risk of HIV disease progression: is more necessarily better?: AIDS. 1999 Jan 14;13(1):97-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223957; Schechter M; Struchiner CJ; Harrison LH; Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Universitario Clementino; Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; OBJECTIVE: To compare three possible therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with an intermediate risk of HIV disease progression. DESIGN: Mathematical modeling based on assumptions derived from published data. METHODS: A parametric survival model was fitted to empirical data to describe the survival traj
Quantification of RNA in HIV type 1 subtypes D and G by NucliSens and Amplicor assays in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):495-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236715; Nkengasong JN; Bile C; Kalou M; Maurice C; Boateng E; Sassan-Morokro M; Rayfield M; Coulibaly D; Greenberg AE; Wiktor SZ; Projet RETRO-CI, CHU Treichville, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.; jcn5@cdc.gov; We have compared the performance of the NucliSens and the standard and modified HIV Monitor assays to quantify HIV-1 RNA plasma viral load in 12 tuberculosis patients infected with HIV-1 env subtype D (n = 3) and env subtype G (n = 9) in Ivory Coast . RNA was quantified in all
Modeling the long-term outcomes and costs of HIV antiretroviral therapy using HIV RNA levels: application to a clinical trial.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):499-508. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236716; Cook J; Dasbach E; Coplan P; Markson L; Yin D; Meibohm A; Nguyen BY; Chodakewitz J; Mellors J; Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, New Jersey 08889, USA.; john_cook@merck.com; A model was developed to gain insight into the potential clinical and economic impact of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected patients. Observed HIV RNA levels and CD4 cell counts are used in the model to estimate the probability that an individual progresses from asymptomatic infection to the first AIDS-defining i
B7 cosignal potentiates apoptosis of uninfected CD4+ T lymphocytic cell lines primed by HIV envelope proteins.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):509-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236717; Coito C; Bomsel M; Unite 332 de l'INSERM, Institut Cochin de Genetique; Moleculaire, Paris, France.; In lymphoid organs, follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), monocytes, and macrophages are targets for HIV infection and reservoirs for infectious virus. Strikingly, the apoptotic cells in these sites are essentially uninfected CD4+ T lymphocytes, but lie in close proximity to infected cells or FDCs carrying trapped HIV vi
Enhanced HIV type 1 neutralization by human anti-glycoprotein 120 monoclonal antibodies in the presence of monoclonal antibodies to lymphocyte function-associated molecule 1.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):523-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236718; Hioe CE; Hildreth JE; Zolla-Pazner S; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center and; Manhattan VA Medical Center, New York 10010, USA.; Cellular adhesion receptor LFA-1 and its ICAM ligands are known to play a role in HIV infection. The presence of these molecules on virions and target cells promotes virus infectivity and has previously been shown to hinder virus neutralization by anti-HIV antibodies. To delineate the effect of these molecules on neut
Neutralization of HIV type 1 by alloimmune sera derived from polytransfused patients.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):533-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236719; Spruth M; Stoiber H; Kacani L; Schonitzer D; Dierich MP; Institut fur Hygiene, Leopold-Franzens-Universitat Innsbruck; and Ludwig-Boltzmann Institut fur AIDS-Forschung, Innsbruck,; Austria.; Antibodies (Abs) against HLA and other cell surface molecules, which HIV-1 acquires during the budding process at the host cell surface, neutralize HIV-1 in vitro. Macaques were protected against infection by SIV grown in human cells after xenoimmunization with human MHC molecules. Besides the immune responses arising
Sequences downstream of the RNA initiation site of the HTLV type I long terminal repeat are sufficient for trans-activation by human cytomegalovirus immediate-early proteins.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):545-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236720; Kim JM; Hong Y; Kim S; Cho MH; Yoshida M; Jeang KT; Burns W; Kim S; Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National; University, South Korea.; Human T cell leukemia virus type I infection is associated with a low incidence of morbidity in the form of adult T cell leukemia and neurologic disease, suggesting that there are other factors determining the pathogenic outcome of infection. We found that HCMV could infect various human cell lines known to be suscept
The in vivo effects of combination antiretroviral drug therapy on peripheral blood CD34+ cell colony-forming units from HIV type 1-infected patients.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):551-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236721; Adams GB; Pym AS; Poznansky MC; McClure MO; Weber JN; Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine and Communicable Diseases,; Jefferiss Research Trust Laboratories, Imperial College School of; Medicine, London, England.; This study investigated the effects of a combination antiretroviral drug regimen ( indinavir and two nucleoside analogs or ritonavir and saquinavir) on the levels of CD34+ colony-formi
Expression and characterization of HIV type 1 envelope protein: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236722
Simple and choice reaction time performance in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):571-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236723; Marcario JK; Raymond LA; McKiernan BJ; Foresman LL; Joag SV; Raghavan R; Narayan O; Hershberger S; Cheney PD; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Smith Mental; Retardation and Human Development Research Center, University of; Kansas, Lawrence 66045, USA.; It is well established that HIV infection can lead to motor/cognitive disorders in humans. A number of studies have shown that simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in rhesus macaques parallels many aspects of HIV disease in humans. The purpose of this study was to define further the SIV-infected rhesus macaqu
Full-length genomic sequence of an HIV type 1 subtype G from Kinshasa.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):585-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF084936; Oelrichs RB; Vandamme AM; Van Laethem K; Debyser Z; McCutchan FE; Deacon NJ; AIDS Molecular Biology Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical; Research, Fairfield, Australia.
Retroviral RNA related to ERV9/MSRV in a human serum: a new sequence variant.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):591-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF109183; Olsson P; Ryberg B; Awad R; Ammoun S; Yin H; Hjalmarsson S; Blomberg J; Department of Medical Sciences, University Hospital, Uppsala,; Sweden.
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of retroposons specific to hominoid primates derived from an endogenous retrovirus (HERV-K).: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):595-601. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AB016782; Kim HS; Takenaka O; Crow TJ; POWIC, Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University; of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Predominance of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtype B in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):603-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236727; Pieniazek D; Ellenberger D; Janini LM; Ramos AC; Nkengasong J; Sassan-Morokro M; Hu DJ; Coulibally IM; Ekpini E; Bandea C; Tanuri A; Greenberg AE; Wiktor SZ; Rayfield MA; Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National; Centers for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. dxp1@cdc.gov; We analyzed the genetic variability and phylogenetic relationships among 28 HIV-2 strains collected from patients enrolled in an HIV epidemiologic study in Abidjan, Ivory Coast , during 1995-1996. Although both subtype A (n = 8; 29%) and subtype B (n = 20; 71%) were present in d
The Women and Infants Demonstration Project: an integrated approach to AIDS prevention and research.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Apr;11(2):107-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231110; Terry MA; Liebman J; Person B; Bond L; Dillard-Smith C; Tunstall C; Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; 15261, USA.; The Women and Infants Demonstration Project is a multisite, behavioral intervention research effort funded by the Centers for Disease Control. The project is evaluating a theory-based, integrated intervention model to increase the use of condoms for prevention of both sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and unintended
Do actions speak louder than words? Perceived peer influences on needle sharing and cleaning in a sample of injection drug users.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231111; Hawkins WE; Latkin C; Mandel W; Oziemkowska M; Florida Atlantic University, Department of Social Work, Boca; Raton 33487, USA.; Past research (Dielman, Butchart, Shope, & Miller, 1990; Kandel, 1980) has found peer influence, perceived peer norms and perceived peer behavior as the strongest predictors of drug use in adolescent and young adult populations. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether verbal persuasion (peer norms) and
HIV risk behaviors, intentions, and perceptions among Namibian youth as assessed by a theory-based questionnaire.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Apr;11(2):132-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231112; Stanton BF; Fitzgerald AM; Li X; Shipena H; Ricardo IB; Galbraith JS; Terreri N; Strijdom J; Hangula-Ndlovu V; Kahihuata J; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland, Baltimore; 21201, USA. bstanton@umabnet.ab.umd.edu; Considerable progress has been made in the United States and Europe regarding HIV risk prevention efforts targeting adolescents. However, in Africa less progress has been made to date. This article address three questions: Can risk assessment questionnaires developed in Western countrin
Persuasive communication about AIDS prevention: need for cognition determines the impact of message format.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Apr;11(2):150-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231113; Bakker AB; Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Utrecht; University, The Netherlands. A.Bakker@fss.un.nl; Adolescents were classified as being high or low in need for cognition (NFC) (Cacioppo & Petty, 1982) and expressed their knowledge about AIDS, attitudes toward condom use, and perceived supportive norms after being exposed to a cartoon or a written message about safe sex. Both messages have a positive impact on kn
Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices about HIV/AIDS in Kuwait.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Apr;11(2):163-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231114; al-Owaish R; Moussa MA; Anwar S; al-Shoumer H; Sharma P; Department of Community Health, Al Shamieh, Kuwait.; This survey is aimed at assessing knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices in Kuwait regarding AIDS/HIV. Structured face-to-face interviews were conducted during the year 1995 on a sample of 2,219 subjects, aged 18 to 60, health 7
Prepubertal boys' sexual behavior and behavior problems.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Apr;11(2):174-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231115; Meyer-Bahlburg HF; Dolezal CL; Wasserman GA; Jaramillo BM; New York State Psychiatric Institute, USA.; The increasingly early initiation of penetrative sexual practices and the implication for prevention of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases requires the study of childhood sexual behavior and its determinants. In adolescence, early sexual initiation is associated with other problem behaviors (Jessor & Jessor, 197
Heterosexual men's attitudes toward the female condom.: AIDS Educ Prev. 1999 Apr;11(2):93-106. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231109; Seal DW; Ehrhardt AA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College; of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53202, USA. dseal@mcw.edu; This article addresses heterosexual men s familiarity with the female condom and their attitudes toward this barrier method. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 71 ethnically diverse and heterosexually active men who were recruited in sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics or through word of mouth in commun
AIDS drugs effective against most common HIV strain [news]: Oncology (Huntingt). 1999 Mar;13(3):392. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99220358
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related primary cerebral lymphoma.: Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 1999;11(1):6-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99210485; Khoo VS; Liew KH; Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, UK.
Elective surgery and the patient with human immunodeficiency virus [editorial]: Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999 May;15(3):151-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99281962; Schipper AM
Regulatory T cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. I. Frequency and specificity analysis in normal and immune rats of a T cell subset that inhibits disease.: Int Immunol. 1999 Mar;11(3):307-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236831; Sun D; Whitaker JN; Wilson DB; Department of Neurology and the Center for Neuroimmunology,; University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA.; We have shown previously that administration of myelin basic protein (MBP)-reactive T cells to naive Lewis rats induces not only autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) but also a near total resistance to subsequent disease. By isolating the effector cells that are responsible for the resistance, we demonstrated that disea
IL-12 is dispensable for innate and adaptive immunity against low doses of Listeria monocytogenes.: Int Immunol. 1999 Mar;11(3):325-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236833; Brombacher F; Dorfmuller A; Magram J; Dai WJ; Kohler G; Wunderlin A; Palmer-Lehmann K; Gately MK; Alber G; Max-Planck-Institute for Immunobiology, Freiburg, Germany.; We have studied IL-12p35-deficient (IL-12p35(-/-)) mice to evaluate the role of IL-12 in resistance against Listeria monocytogenes. In the absence of bioactive IL-12p75, mutant mice acquired higher bacterial organ burden than wild-type mice and died during the first week following infection with normally sublethal dos
c-Rel is crucial for lymphocyte proliferation but dispensable for T cell effector function.: Int Immunol. 1999 Mar;11(3):361-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236837; Liou HC; Jin Z; Tumang J; Andjelic S; Smith KA; Liou ML; Cornell University Medical College, Department of Medicine, New; York, NY 10021, USA.; The TCR signals are essential for T cell activation and proliferation, primarily through the induction of cytokine and cytokine receptors. Several transcription factor families, including NF-kappaB/Rel, have been implicated in the regulation of cytokine gene expression in T cells in response to antigen, cytokine and m
Differential CD4/CD8 subset-specific expression of highly homologous rat Tcrb-V8 family members suggests a role of CDR2 and/or CDR4 (HV4) in MHC class-specific thymic selection.: Int Immunol. 1999 Mar;11(3):435-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236844; Herrmann T; Hofmann K; Nagel NE; Asmuss A; Hunig T; Wonigeit K; Institut fur Virologie und Immunobiologie,; Julius-Maximillians-Universitat Wurzburg, Germany.; herrmann-t@vim.uni-wuerzburg.de; Different rat Tcrb haplotypes express either TCR beta variable segment (Tcrb-V) 8.2l or 8.4a. Both V segments bind the mAb R78 but differ by one conservative substitution (L14V) and clusters of two and four substitutions in the complementarity-determining region (CDR) 2 and CDR4 [hypervariable loop 4 (HV4)]. Independe
AIDS related eye disease in Burundi, Africa.: Br J Ophthalmol. 1999 Mar;83(3):339-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293378; Cochereau I; Mlika-Cabanne N; Godinaud P; Niyongabo T; Poste B; Ngayiragije A; Dazza MC; Aubry P; Larouze B; IMEA/INSERM U13, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France.; AIMS: To determine the prevalence of ocular manifestations in AIDS patients hospitalised in Bujumbura, Burundi , according to their CD4+ lymphocyte count, serological status for CMV and VZV, and general health status. METHODS
Biodiversity and bioseparation of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins.: Crit Rev Oncog. 1999;10(1-2):1-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99257141; Shao Y; Lu Y; National Center for AIDS Prevention and Control, Beijing, P.R.; China.; Since 1984, studies from almost every branch of modern biology have filled in many gaps in our knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This review focuses on studies of biodiversity and bioseparation of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins from the vaccine development point of view. It presents an updated pi
[Kikuchi disease in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient (letter)]: Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 1999 Apr;17(4):193-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293851; Abad A; Baraia-Etxaburu J; Munoz J; Santamaria JM
[Myocarditis by Toxoplasma in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection (letter)]: Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 1999 Apr;17(4):200-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293857; Segura JC; Hardisson D; Martinez-Alfaro E; Solera J
Issues in the treatment of active tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):130-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152409; Schluger NW; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine,; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York,; New York 10032, USA. ns311@columbia.edu; Most HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis can be treated satisfactorily with standard regimens with expectations of good results. Treatment of tuberculosis in these patients has been complicated by the introduction of HAART, which relies on drugs that interfere with the most potent class of antituberculous medicati
Successful short-term suppression of clarithromycin-resistant Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia in AIDS. California Collaborative Treatment Group.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):136-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152410; Dube MP; Torriani FJ; See D; Havlir DV; Kemper CA; Leedom JM; Tilles JG; McCutchan JA; Sattler FR; University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los; Angeles. mdube@hsc.usc.edu; During a randomized study of clarithromycin plus clofazimine with or without ethambutol in patients with AIDS and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteremia, eight participants received additional antimycobacterial drugs following the detection of a clarithromycin-resistant isolate (MIC, > 8 micrograms/mL). A macrol
Clinical experience and choice of drug therapy for human immunodeficiency virus disease [see comments]: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):14-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152389; Brosgart CL; Mitchell TF; Coleman RL; Dyner T; Stephenson KE; Abrams DI; Community Consortium, University of California San Francisco AIDS; Program, San Francisco General Hospital, USA.; To determine if providers experienced in the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease preferred different treatment regimens than providers with less experience, we analyzed data from a national survey of primary care providers preferred regimens for the management of 30 HIV-related medical conditions
Ehrlichia chaffeensis--associated cardiomyopathy in a patient with AIDS.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):140. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152411; Whitt SP; Everett ED; Roland W; Dolan S; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia; 65212, USA. medspw@showme.missouri.edu
Identification of Shigella boydii in colonic malacoplakia by universal bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA-based amplification in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):142-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152413; Raguin G; Nemeth J; Wassef M; Aerts J; Salmeron M; Desplaces N; Belec L; Department of Internal Medicine, Hopital de la Croix-Saint-Simon,; Paris, France. g.raguin@croix-saint-simon.org
Disseminated Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis infection in a patient with AIDS in Brazil.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):144-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152415; Brown BA; Lopes JO; Wilson RW; Costa JM; de Vargas AC; Alves SH; Klock C; Onyi GO; Wallace RJ Jr; University of Texas Health Center, Department of Microbiology,; Tyler 75708, USA. babrown@uthct.edu
Strongyloidiasis and infection due to human immunodeficiency virus: 25 cases at a Brazilian teaching hospital, including seven cases of hyperinfection syndrome.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):154-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152423; Ferreira MS; Nishioka S de A; Borges AS; Costa-Cruz JM; Rossin IR; Rocha A; Silvestre MT; Nunes-Araujo FR; Centro de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade Federal de; Uberlandia, Brazil. mferreira@hc.ufu.br
Ritonavir, triglycerides, and pancreatitis.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):161-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152429; Perry RC; Cushing HE; Deeg MA; Prince MJ; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,; Indianapolis, USA.
Time for a new paradigm--optimal management of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS [editorial; comment]: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):23-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152390; Robbins GK
Early mycological treatment failure in AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis.: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):82-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99152402; Robinson PA; Bauer M; Leal MA; Evans SG; Holtom PD; Diamond DA; Leedom JM; Larsen RA; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, USA.; Cryptococcal meningitis causes significant morbidity and mortality in persons with AIDS. Of 236 AIDS patients treated with amphotericin B plus flucytosine, 29 (12%) died within 2 weeks and 62 (26%) died before 10 weeks. Just 129 (55%) of 236 patients were alive with
[Caring for AIDS patients at home--requirements for development of the concept]: Pflege. 1997 Dec;10(6):327-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117895; Moers M; Fachhochschule Osnabruck, Fachbereich Wirtschaft.; Several studies concerning the care of patients with AIDS were carried out at the Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin for social research. Amongst other areas the out-patient nursing care for patients with AIDS in Germany was examined. The following article presents a case study which sho
Combinations of four virostatics applied in rotational sequences induce an exponential VL regression curve, the first part of which is rapidly decreasing to a PCR-undetectable level, while the last part is insensitive to the model. Indications for virostatic and immunotherapeutic reinforcements? [editorial]: Biomed Pharmacother. 1999 Mar;53(2):57-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269753; Mathe G; Between 1992 and 1995, we have had five virostatics available: zidovudine ( AZT ), didanosine (ddI), zalcitabine ( ddC ) (as retrotranscriptase nucleosidic antagonists, RTNA), acriflavine
Antiretroviral therapy: 'the state of the art'.: Biomed Pharmacother. 1999 Mar;53(2):63-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269754; Montaner JS; Montessori V; Harrigan R; O'Shaughnessy M; Hogg R; BC Center for Excellence on HIV/AIDS St Paul's Hospital,; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.; The field of antiretroviral therapy is evolving at a very rapid pace. At this time, the initiation and optimization of antiretroviral therapy is based on serial plasma viral load determinations which aim to suppress viral replication to as low as possible for as long as possible, thus preventing disease progression. C
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: Biomed Pharmacother. 1999 Mar;53(2):73-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269755; Shafer RW; Vuitton DA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford; University, CA 94305, USA.; Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) refers to a broad category of treatment regimens usually comprised of three or more antiretroviral drugs that, in previously untreated HIV-1-infected patients, are expected to reduce plasma virus levels below the limits of detection. Most HAART regimens include drugs from a
IFN alpha kinoid vaccine in conjunction with tritherapy, a weapon to combat immunopathogenesis in AIDS.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269756; Bizzini B; Volpato I; Lachgar A; Cohen P
Anti-IFN alpha immunization raises the IFN alpha-neutralizing capacity of serum--an adjuvant to antiretroviral tritherapy.: Biomed Pharmacother. 1999 Mar;53(2):90-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269757; Zagury D; Lecoq H; Gervi I; Le Buanec H; Zagury JF; Bizzini B; Burny A; Hermans P; Perja M; Santagostino E; Gringeri A; Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, P. et M. Curie University,; Paris, France.; HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) suppresses but does not eradicate HIV-1 infection. However, since the antiretroviral agents used in HAART may also be toxic in the long-term, immunotherapies which correct HIV-1 immunosuppression or the cytokine dysregulation associated with it may be beneficial. In this re
HIV disease treatment in the era of HAART.: Biomed Pharmacother. 1999 Mar;53(2):93-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269758; Bonfanti P; Capetti A; Rizzardini G; 1st Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergy, Luigi Sacco; Hospital, Milan, Italy.; In the last three years basic science and clinical research have radically changed the therapeutical approach to HIV disease. Recent guidelines suggest that treatments to HIV disease should be early and aggressive, with the use of new potent antiretroviral drugs. This approach has been defined as HAART (highly active
The role of HHV-8 in Kaposi's sarcoma.: Semin Cancer Biol. 1999 Jun;9(3):151-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99276344; Neipel F; Fleckenstein B; Institut fur Klinische und Molekulare Virologie, Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, D-91054, Germany.; The epidemiology of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) amongst North American and Northern European patients with AIDS suggests that an infectious agent other than HIV is involved in its pathogenesis. Several lines of evidence indicate that human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also termed Kaposi s sarcoma associated herpesvirus, is the so
The role of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8) in lymphoproliferative diseases.: Semin Cancer Biol. 1999 Jun;9(3):165-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99276345; Cesarman E; Knowles DM; Department of Pathology, Weill Medical College of Cornell; University, 1300 York Avenue, New York.; The Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also called human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), has been found to be present in a limited subset of lymphoproliferative disorders. Among these are the primary effusion lymphomas, formerly designated body cavity-based lymphomas, a rare type of malignant lymphoma which posses
Seroepidemiology of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).: Semin Cancer Biol. 1999 Jun;9(3):175-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99276346; Chatlynne LG; Ablashi DV; Advanced Biotechnologies Inc, Columbia, Maryland 21046, USA.; Since the Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV also referred to as HHV-8, human herpesvirus-8) was discovered it has been shown that the virus is associated with all cases of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) classical, endemic, or AIDS associated. In the numerous countries where the seroprevalence of this virus has been
KSHV strains: the origins and global spread of the virus.: Semin Cancer Biol. 1999 Jun;9(3):187-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99276347; Hayward GS; Molecular Virology Laboratories, Departments of Oncology, and; Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins School of; Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe Street, WBSB 317, Baltimore, MD 21205,; USA.; Nucleotide sequence analysis at five distinct loci across the 140, 000 bp genomes of more than 60 KSHV samples from KS and PEL tumors from North America, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and the Pacific revealed that they cluster into four major subtypes (A, B, C and D) that have close associations with the geographic an
The descent of human herpesvirus 8.: Semin Cancer Biol. 1999 Jun;9(3):201-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99276348; McGeoch DJ; Davison AJ; MRC Virology Unit, Church Street, Glasgow, G11 5JR, UK.; Analysis of conserved herpesvirus genes shows that human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) belongs to a clade of primate herpesviruses within the gamma2 sublineage. Overall, this clade has developed by cospeciation with host species. Seventeen genes of HHV8 and its nearest relatives lack simple homologues in other herpesviruses, a
Viral encoded cyclins.: Semin Cancer Biol. 1999 Jun;9(3):221-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99276350; Cannell E; Mittnacht S; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Cancer; Research, 237, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.; Cyclins are known effectors of cellular proliferation. While originally considered as the product of cellular genes, it is now clear that representatives of this class of proteins can be encoded by certain viruses. One of these viruses is HHV-8, a gamma herpesvirus implicated as a causative agent of Kaposi s Sarcoma a
Inflammatory reactivation and angiogenicity of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/HHV8: a missing link in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated Kaposi's sarcoma [comment]: Blood. 1999 Jun 15;93(12):4031-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99290756; Mesri EA; Laboratory of Viral Oncogenesis, Division of Hematology-Oncology,; Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoma and Myeloma, Weill; Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.; eamesri@mail.med.cornell.edu
Angiogenesis and hematopoiesis induced by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded interleukin-6 [see comments]: Blood. 1999 Jun 15;93(12):4034-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99290757; Aoki Y; Jaffe ES; Chang Y; Jones K; Teruya-Feldstein J; Moore PS; Tosato G; Division of Hematologic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation; and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD, USA.; AOKI@CBER.FDA.GOV; Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8 [HHV-8]) is a herpesvirus linked to the development of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma, and a proportion of Castleman s disease. KSHV encodes viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6), which is structurally homologous to human and muri
Reactivation and persistence of human herpesvirus-8 infection in B cells and monocytes by Th-1 cytokines increased in Kaposi's sarcoma [see comments]: Blood. 1999 Jun 15;93(12):4044-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99290758; Monini P; Colombini S; Sturzl M; Goletti D; Cafaro A; Sgadari C; Butto S; Franco M; Leone P; Fais S; Leone P; Melucci-Vigo G; Chiozzini C; Carlini F; Ascherl G; Cornali E; Zietz C; Ramazzotti E; Ensoli F; Andreoni M; Pezzotti P; Rezza G; Yarchoan R; Gallo RC; Ensoli B; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.; Patients with Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) have a human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) load higher than patients without KS and present a CD8(+) T-cell activation with production of Th1-type cytokines both in tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Because in tissues of KS patients detection of inflammatory cytokines (
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 increases expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor in T cells: implications for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated vasculopathy.: Blood. 1999 Jun 15;93(12):4232-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99290777; Ascherl G; Hohenadl C; Schatz O; Shumay E; Bogner J; Eckhart L; Tschachler E; Monini P; Ensoli B; Sturzl M; Department of Virology, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry,; Martinsried, Germany.; Alterations in the vascular system and the onset of angioproliferative lesions such as Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) are common traits of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. To investigate possible factors involved in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated vasculopathy and vascular malfunct
Disease progression in HIV-positive women with moderate to severe immunosuppression: the role of depression. Dana Consortium on Therapy for HIV Dementia and Related Cognitive Disorders.: Behav Med. 1999 Spring;25(1):43-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226173; Vedhara K; Schifitto G; McDermott M; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol,; United Kingdom.; Thirty-seven HIV-positive women were recruited in a 2-year prospective investigation into the role of depression in HIV disease progression. All participants had CD4+ cell counts of 200 or less at baseline and at least 3 CD4+ cell counts during follow-up. Participants were evaluated semiannually for CD4+ lymphocyte co
Tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and malnutrition in Burundi.: Nutrition. 1999 Apr;15(4):289-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99252919; Niyongabo T; Henzel D; Idi M; Nimubona S; Gikoro E; Melchior JC; Matheron S; Kamanfu G; Samb B; Messing B; Begue J; Aubry P; Larouze B; CHU Kamenge, Bujumbura, Burundi.; In order to compare the nutritional status of tuberculosis (TB) patients who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive with those who were seronegative, we carried out a cross-sectional anthropometric and biochemical assessment, together with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of the nutritional status
Thrombotic events associated with megestrol acetate in patients with AIDS cachexia.: Nutrition. 1999 Apr;15(4):294-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99252920; Koller E; Gibert C; Green L; Mann M; Bernstein B; Center for Drug Evaluation, US Food and Drug Administration,; Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA.
Tuberculosis, HIV infection, and malnutrition: an infernal trio in central Africa [editorial]: Nutrition. 1999 Apr;15(4):321-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99252924; Perronne C
Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with hepatitis B.: Br J Biomed Sci. 1998 Sep;55(3):176-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295477; Fan XG; Zou YY; Wu AH; Li TG; Hu GL; Zhang Z; Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan; Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.; Helicobacter pylori infection has been investigated extensively in immunocompromised hosts, such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and organ transplant recipients. However, few reports on H. pylori prevalence in individuals with chronic HBV infection are available. The aim of this serological stu
Molecular cloning, functional expression and chromosomal localization of a cDNA encoding a human Na+/nucleoside cotransporter (hCNT2) selective for purine nucleosides and uridine.: Mol Membr Biol. 1998 Oct-Dec;15(4):203-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99187471; Ritzel MW; Yao SY; Ng AM; Mackey JR; Cass CE; Young JD; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton,; Canada.; Two Na(+)-dependent nucleoside transporters implicated in adenosine and uridine transport in mammalian cells are distinguished functionally on the basis of substrate specificity: CNT1 is selective for pyrimidine nucleosides but also transports adenosine; CNT2 (also termed SPNT) is selective for purine nucleosides but
Medical Outcomes Trust Conference presents dramatic advances in patient-based outcomes assessment and potential applications in accreditation.: Jt Comm J Qual Improv. 1999 Apr;25(4):207-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99245596; Kaegi L; lkaegi@jcaho.org; BACKGROUND: At its fourth annual State-of-the-Art Health Outcomes Conference, November 2, 1998, the Medical Outcomes Trust (Boston) convened experts to review advances in outcomes assessment technology and potential applications in clinical trials, clinical practice, and accreditation. KEYNOTE ADDRESS: Future Directi
[Antiretroviral therapy and prevention of maternal-fetal transmission of HIV-1. Current and future strategies]: Arch Pediatr. 1999 May;6(5):556-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298952; Monpoux F; Bongain A; Berard E; Gillet JY; Service de pediatrie, Hopital de l'Archet II, Nice, France.; Azidothymidine is effective and recommended for the prophylaxis of vertical HIV transmission. Data regarding this treatment have been collected over the last decade, leading to it being widely prescribed despite the lack of information concerning its long term toxicity. Antiretroviral drug combinations administered du
[Attitude of pediatricians toward adopted children from foreign countries]: Arch Pediatr. 1999 May;6(5):569-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298954; Le Masme A; Federation de pediatrie, hopital Necker-Enfants-Malades,; Paris, France.; Adopted children from foreign countries represent a high risk population for infectious diseases, nutritional problems and neuro-developmental delay. Medical screening including clinical and biological evaluation is recommended after arrival.
[Accumulation of data about adolescence by nurses: period from 1983 to 1996]: Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 1998 Jan;6(1):91-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98254909; Cano MA; Ferriani M das G; Alves AC; Nakata CY; Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saude Publica da; Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto da Universidade de Sao; Paulo.; In the last ten years adolescence has been object of study of many researchers and considered by National and International Organizations as an age band with priority to actions of promotion, prevention and protection. Many factors contributed to this concern with adolescence, between them, we can emphasize the import
Upregulation of T-helper 1 cytokines and chemokine expression in post-transplant airway obliteration.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Jun;159(6):1910-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99280651; Boehler A; Bai XH; Liu M; Cassivi S; Chamberlain D; Slutsky AS; Keshavjee S; Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, The Toronto Hospital and; Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital,; University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; The major obstacle to long-term survival after lung transplantation is chronic graft dysfunction manifest as bronchiolitis obliterans. Since the early stages are characterized by proliferation of itinerant cells (lymphocytes and macrophages), we hypothesized that cytokines and chemokines may play a role in the develop
Prostacyclin synthase expression is decreased in lungs from patients with severe pulmonary hypertension.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99280653; Tuder RM; Cool CD; Geraci MW; Wang J; Abman SH; Wright L; Badesch D; Voelkel NF
Sarcoid-like pulmonary disorder in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Jun;159(6):2009-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99280665; Naccache JM; Antoine M; Wislez M; Fleury-Feith J; Oksenhendler E; Mayaud C; Cadranel J; Services de Pneumologie et de Reanimation Respiratoire,; d'Anatomie-Pathologique, et d'Histologie Biologie Tumorale,; Hopital Tenon, Paris, France.; We report two cases of HIV-infected patients who presented with diffuse interstitial micronodular lesions on chest X-ray after institution of protease inhibitor-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Granulomatous pulmonary disorder mimicking sarcoidosis was diagnosed on histopathological studies rev
Transcontinental spread of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium bovis.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Jun;159(6):2014-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99280666; Long R; Nobert E; Chomyc S; van Embden J; McNamee C; Duran RR; Talbot J; Fanning A; Departments of Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Surgery,; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.; Globally, the proportion of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) caused by drug-resistant strains is increasing. We report the case of a Canadian citizen who acquired a highly drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium bovis while visiting a relative with AIDS-related tuberculosis in Spain . T
The role of the C-C chemokine receptor 2 gene polymorphism V64I (CCR2-64I) in sarcoidosis in a Japanese population.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Jun;159(6):2021-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99280668; Hizawa N; Yamaguchi E; Furuya K; Jinushi E; Ito A; Kawakami Y; First Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Hokkaido; University, Sapporo, Japan. nhizawa@med.hoki.dai.ac.jp; A number of chemokines are produced by alveolar cells in the course of inflammatory reactions of sarcoidosis. C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is a prominent receptor for the monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP) group of C-C chemokines. A transition causing a valine to isoleucine substitution in transmembrane domain
A trans-receptor mechanism for infection of CD4-negative cells by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: Curr Biol. 1999 May 20;9(10):547-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99272742; Speck RF; Esser U; Penn ML; Eckstein DA; Pulliam L; Chan SY; Goldsmith MA; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, PO Box 419100,; San Francisco, California 94141, USA.; Chemokine receptors, particularly CCR5 and CXCR4, act as essential coreceptors in concert with CD4 for cellular entry by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1; reviewed in [1]). But infection of CD4(-) cells has also been encountered in various tissues in vivo, including astrocytes, neurons and microvascular endo
Nonsurgical treatment of osteoarticular tuberculosis. A retrospective study in 143 adults.: Rev Rhum Engl Ed. 1999 Jan;66(1):24-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99155720; Pertuiset E; Beaudreuil J; Horusitzky A; Liote F; Kemiche F; Richette P; Clerc-Weyl D; Cerf-Payrastre I; Dorfmann H; Glowinski J; Crouzet J; Ziza JM; Bardin T; Meyer O; Dryll A; Kahn MF; Kuntz D; Rheumatology Unit, Viggo Petersen Center, Lariboisiere Teaching; Hospital, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Data are sparse on nonsurgical treatments currently used for osteoarticular tuberculosis in industrialized countries. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study in the Paris urban area, France , in 206 cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis documented by exa
Preferential loss of large neocortical neurons during HIV infection: a study of the size distribution of neocortical neurons in the human brain.: Brain Res. 1999 May 15;828(1-2):119-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99255490; Fischer CP; Jorgen G Gundersen H; Pakkenberg B; Neurological Research Laboratory, Bartholin Institute,; Kommunehospitalet, DK-1399, Copenhagen K, Denmark.; The infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with a global and severe loss of neocortical neurons. However, there is limited knowledge concerning whether all neurons are equally susceptible to damage during HIV infection. Other studies have reported low vulnerability of small interneurons and hi
Elevated adenosine deaminase activity in patients with HIV and tuberculous peritonitis.: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 Mar;11(3):337-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264004; Sathar MA; Ungerer JP; Lockhat F; Simjee AE; Gouws E; Department of Medicine, University of Natal/King Edward VIII; Hospital, Durban, South Africa.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of the ADA(T), ADA isoenzymes (ADA1 and ADA2) and the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) test in HIV-seropositive patients with tuberculous peritonitis. METHODS: Ascitic ADA(T), ADA1, ADA2 and IFN-gamma were prospectively evaluated in HIV-seronegative patients with tuberculous
[General paresis]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(23 Pt 1):318-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99188395; Kitagawa Y; Department of Neurology, Tokai University Oiso Hospital.
[Adult T-cell leukemia]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(23 Pt 1):38-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99188324; Taguchi H; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kochi Medical School.
[Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(23 Pt 1):42-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99188325; Kimura S; Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Graduate School; of Medicine, University of Tokyo.
[HHV8 infection (Kaposi's sarcoma)]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(23 Pt 1):51-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99188327; Tachikawa N; AIDS Clinical Center, International Medical Center of Japan.
[Pyomyositis]: Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(23 Pt 1):589-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99188472; Fujii T; Kimura M; Iwamoto A; War-surgery and Emergency Medicine, Ground Self-defense Force; Medical School.
Treatment for drug dependence.: Proc Assoc Am Physicians. 1999 Mar-Apr;111(2):126-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99237156; Des Jarlais DC; Hubbard R; Chemical Dependency Institute, Beth Israel Medical Center, New; York, NY 10003, USA.; Drug abuse treatment is a major method for reducing the health and social problems associated with dependence on psychoactive drugs. Drug dependence is very well established in the United States , where cyclical rises and falls in the use of different drugs often occur. Heroin and cocai
Cytokine modulation of HIV-1 chemokine receptor expression [letter]: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):592-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297890; Landay AL; Patterson B; Andersson J
BMS offers some relief for Africa's AIDS crisis. Bristol Myers Squibb [news]: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):599. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297897; Birmingham K
HIV-1 and HAART: a time to cure, a time to kill [news; comment]: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):609-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297900; Saag MS; Kilby JM
Latent reservoirs of HIV infection: flushing with IL-2? [news; comment]: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):611-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297901; Cooper DA; Emery S
Is an HIV vaccine possible? [news; comment]: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):612-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297902; McMichael AJ; Hanke T
Production of atypical measles in rhesus macaques: evidence for disease mediated by immune complex formation and eosinophils in the presence of fusion-inhibiting antibody.: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):629-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297910; Polack FP; Auwaerter PG; Lee SH; Nousari HC; Valsamakis A; Leiferman KM; Diwan A; Adams RJ; Griffin DE; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns; Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; The severe disease atypical measles occurred when individuals immunized with a poorly protective inactivated vaccine contracted measles, and was postulated to be due to a lack of fusion-inhibiting antibodies. Here, rhesus macaques immunized with formalin-inactivated measles vaccine developed transient neutralizing and
Inhibition of HIV replication by dominant negative mutants of Sam68, a functional homolog of HIV-1 Rev.: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):635-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297911; Reddy TR; Xu W; Mau JK; Goodwin CD; Suhasini M; Tang H; Frimpong K; Rose DW; Wong-Staal F; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La; Jolla 92093, USA.; The HIV-1 Rev protein facilitates the nuclear export of mRNA containing the Rev response element (RRE) through binding to the export receptor CRM-1. Here we show that a cellular nuclear protein, Sam68 (Src-associated protein in mitosis), specifically interacts with RRE and can partially substitute for as well as syner
Control of SHIV-89.6P-infection of cynomolgus monkeys by HIV-1 Tat protein vaccine [see comments]: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):643-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297912; Cafaro A; Caputo A; Fracasso C; Maggiorella MT; Goletti D; Baroncelli S; Pace M; Sernicola L; Koanga-Mogtomo ML; Betti M; Borsetti A; Belli R; Akerblom L; Corrias F; Butto S; Heeney J; Verani P; Titti F; Ensoli B; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.; Vaccine strategies aimed at blocking virus entry have so far failed to induce protection against heterologous viruses. Thus, the control of viral infection and the block of disease onset may represent a more achievable goal of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine strategies. Here we show that vaccination of cyno
Effect of interleukin-2 on the pool of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells in HIV-1-infected patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy [see comments]: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):651-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297913; Chun TW; Engel D; Mizell SB; Hallahan CW; Fischette M; Park S; Davey RT Jr; Dybul M; Kovacs JA; Metcalf JA; Mican JM; Berrey MM; Corey L; Lane HC; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892, USA. twchun@nih.gov; The size of the pool of resting CD4+ T cells containing replication-competent HIV in the blood of patients receiving intermittent interleukin (IL)-2 plus highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) was significantly lower than that of patients receiving HAART alone. Virus could not be isolated from the peripheral bl
Characterization of circulating T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens in melanoma patients.: Nat Med. 1999 Jun;5(6):677-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297917; Lee PP; Yee C; Savage PA; Fong L; Brockstedt D; Weber JS; Johnson D; Swetter S; Thompson J; Greenberg PD; Roederer M; Davis MM; Howard Hughes Medical Institute/Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, Stanford University, California 94305, USA.; We identified circulating CD8+ T-cell populations specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) MART-1 (27-35) or tyrosinase (368-376) in six of eleven patients with metastatic melanoma using peptide/HLA-A*0201 tetramers. These TAA-specific populations were of two phenotypically distinct types: one, typical for me
When the unthinkable happens: post-exposure prophylaxis of HIV-contaminated percutaneous injuries.: J Can Dent Assoc. 1999 May;65(5):293-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309505; Petty TL; Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary.
Construction and characterization of recombinant VLPs and Semliki-Forest virus live vectors for comparative evaluation in the SHIV monkey model.: Biol Chem. 1999 Mar;380(3):341-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99237848; Notka F; Stahl-Hennig C; Dittmer U; Wolf H; Wagner R; Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Regensburg,; Germany.; For testing of recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) in the SHIV monkey model, SIVmac239 Pr56gag precursor-based pseudovirions were modified by HIV-1 gp160 derived peptides. First, well-characterized epitopes from the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein were inserted into the Pr56gag precursor by replacing defined regions t
Development of HIV/AIDS vaccine using chimeric gag-env virus-like particles.: Biol Chem. 1999 Mar;380(3):353-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99237849; Kang CY; Luo L; Wainberg MA; Li Y; Western Science Centre, The University of Western Ontario,; London, Canada.; We attempted to develop a candidate HIV/AIDS vaccine, by using unprocessed HIV-2 gag pr45 precursor protein. We found that a 45 kDa unprocessed HIV-2 gag precursor protein (pr45), with a deletion of a portion of the viral protease, assembles as virus-like particles (VLP). We mapped the functional domain of HIV-2 gag V
A disulfide-bound HIV-1 V3 loop sequence on the surface of human rhinovirus 14 induces neutralizing responses against HIV-1.: Biol Chem. 1999 Mar;380(3):365-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99237850; Zhang A; Geisler SC; Smith AD; Resnick DA; Li ML; Wang CY; Looney DJ; Wong-Staal F; Arnold E; Arnold GF; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine and Department of; Chemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.; An immunogenic sequence from the V3 loop of the MN isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), His-Ile-Gly-Pro-Gly-Arg-Ala-Phe, was transplanted onto a surface loop of the VP2 capsid protein of human rhinovirus 14. To optimize for virus viability and immunogenicity of the transplanted sequence, the HIV seq
DNA-plasmids of HIV-1 induce systemic and mucosal immune responses.: Biol Chem. 1999 Mar;380(3):375-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99237851; Asakura Y; Lundholm P; Kjerrstrom A; Benthin R; Lucht E; Fukushima J; Schwartz S; Okuda K; Wahren B; Hinkula J; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Microbiology; and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.; DNA-based immunization has been shown to induce protective immunity against several microbial pathogens including HIV-1. Several routes of DNA vaccination have been exploited. However, the properties of the immune responses seem to differ with the different routes used for DNA delivery, ultimately affecting the outcom
Sexually transmitted disease (STD) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in South East Asia.: Clin Dermatol. 1999 Mar-Apr;17(2):127-35; discussion 105-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99260854; Ismail R; Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur,; Malaysia.
Kaposi's sarcoma in Africa.: Clin Dermatol. 1999 Mar-Apr;17(2):197-207; discussion 105-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99260861; Matondo P; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University Teaching; Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
Coexistence of allergic contact dermatitis and granuloma annulare in an HIV-1-infected patient: A casual association? [letter]: Am J Contact Dermat. 1999 Jun;10(2):100-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286342; Munoz-Perez MA; Garcia-Bravo B; Rodriguez-Pichardo A; Camacho F
CNS as an HIV-1 reservoir; BBB and drug delivery.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Apr;5(2):113-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99253891; Kerza-Kwiatecki AP; Amini S; Division of Convulsive, Infectious, and Immune Disorders,; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Replication of different clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in primary fetal human astrocytes: enhancement of viral gene expression by Nef.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Apr;5(2):115-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99253892; Bencheikh M; Bentsman G; Sarkissian N; Canki M; Volsky DJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital; Center, Columbia University, New York, USA.; Dementia is a common complication of AIDS which is associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of brain macrophages and microglia. Recent studies have shown that astrocytes are also infected in the brain but HIV-1 replication in these cells is restricted. To determine virus specificity of thi
Detection and typing of JC virus in autopsy brains and extraneural organs of AIDS patients and non-immunocompromised individuals.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Apr;5(2):125-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF048698; Caldarelli-Stefano R; Vago L; Omodeo-Zorini E; Mediati M; Losciale L; Nebuloni M; Costanzi G; Ferrante P; Laboratory of Biology, Don C. Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS, Milan,; Italy.; The distribution of JC virus (JCV) variants in the brain, lung, liver, kidney, spleen and lymph nodes collected at autopsy from AIDS patients with (Group A: 10 Ss) and without (Group B: 5 Ss) progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and from HIV-negative patients (Group C: 5 Ss), was examined by amplifying the
Impact of cerebrospinal fluid PCR on the management of HIV-infected patients with varicella-zoster virus infection of the central nervous system.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Apr;5(2):172-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99253898; Iten A; Chatelard P; Vuadens P; Miklossy J; Meuli R; Sahli R; Meylan PR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Over a 2 year period, we identified five HIV-infected patients who presented with central nervous system infection caused by varicella-zoster virus, three with myelitits, and two with meningoencephalitis. All five patients were profoundly immunocompromised. Clinical presentation of these patients overlapped to a signi
Lack of association between Borna disease virus infection and neurological disorders among HIV-infected individuals.: J Neurovirol. 1999 Apr;5(2):190-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99253900; Bachmann S; Caplazi P; Fischer M; Ehrensperger F; Cone RW; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich,; Switzerland.; Viruses have been proposed as etiologic cofactors in the pathogenesis of HIV-related neurological disease. To investigate the etiologic potential of Borna disease virus (BDV) in these disorders, two populations were studied: (1) 27 prospectively identified patients with various neurological disorders were evaluated wi
Recombinant virus vaccination against "self" antigens using anchor-fixed immunogens.: Cancer Res. 1999 Jun 1;59(11):2536-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99290636; Irvine KR; Parkhurst MR; Shulman EP; Tupesis JP; Custer M; Touloukian CE; Robbins PF; Yafal AG; Greenhalgh P; Sutmuller RP; Offringa R; Rosenberg SA; Restifo NP; Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892, USA.; To study the induction of anti- self CD8+ T-cell reactivity against the tumor antigen gp100, we used a mouse transgenic for a chimeric HLA-A*0201/H-2 Kb molecule (A2/Kb). We immunized the mice with a recombinant vaccinia virus encoding a form of gp100 that had been modified at position 210 (from a threonine to a meth
Epidemiology of respiratory infectious diseases.: Curr Opin Pulm Med. 1999 May;5(3):128-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99245420; Enarson DA; Chretien J; International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris,; France.; Respiratory infections are a frequent burden to health despite the fact that cost-effective methods for their prevention and cure are available. Acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age are the most frequent cause of death from lung disease globally, causing more than 4 million deaths annually. Tu
Pulmonary tuberculosis.: Curr Opin Pulm Med. 1999 May;5(3):143-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99245422; Hirsch CS; Johnson JL; Ellner JJ; Case Western Reserve University, Department of Medicine,; Cleveland, OH 44106-4984, USA.; Pulmonary tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in the greatest number of deaths due to any one single infectious agent. This trend is due, at least in part, to increasing numbers of individuals co-infected with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Concerted efforts between
Pyogenic lung infections.: Curr Opin Pulm Med. 1999 May;5(3):151-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99245423; Mwandumba HC; Beeching NJ; Regional Infectious Disease Unit, University Hospital Aintree,; Liverpool, UK.; Pyogenic lung infections still occur despite the availability of effective antibiotics for the treatment of patients with acute bacterial pneumonia. Our understanding of the pathogenesis and management of these conditions has steadily improved over the past few decades, although some areas remain obscure. The effect o
Respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients.: Curr Opin Pulm Med. 1999 May;5(3):168-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99245426; Barry SM; Lipman MC; Johnson MA; Prentice HG; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.; HIV disease has been dramatically reduced in the developed world by the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, with implications that prophylactic therapy against opportunistic infections may be stopped; however, tuberculosis is an escalating problem in the HIV-infected and HIV-noninfected populations w
The utility of CT in imaging chest infections in HIV-negative patients.: Curr Opin Pulm Med. 1999 May;5(3):179-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99245428; Richenberg J; Harvey C; Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British; Columbia, Canada.; This article focuses on the recent developments in CT imaging of chest infections in patients who are immunocompetent or immunosuppressed, but not infected with HIV. Although simple viral and bacterial infections predominate, more exotic infections are now being encountered. First, a re-emergence of mycobacterial di
Reduction in recidivism of incarcerated women through primary care, peer counseling, and discharge planning.: J Womens Health. 1999 Apr;8(3):409-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99256927; Vigilante KC; Flynn MM; Affleck PC; Stunkle JC; Merriman NA; Flanigan TP; Mitty JA; Rich JD; The Miriam Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine,; Providence, Rhode Island 02906, USA.; Prior to release from the Rhode Island state prison, women at the highest risk for reincarceration and HIV infection are assigned to the Women s HIV/Prison Prevention Program (WHPPP), a discharge program designed to reduce the likelihood of reincarceration and HIV infection. Candidates for the WHPPP must meet at least
Mechanisms of T-cell activation by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I.: Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1999 Jun;63(2):308-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286370; Hollsberg P; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Aarhus; University, Aarhus, Denmark. ph@microbiology.au.dk; The interactions between human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and the cellular immune system can be divided into viral interference with functions of the infected host T cell and the subsequent interactions between the infected T cell and the cellular immune system. HTLV-I-mediated activation of the infecte
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Alberta and British Columbia, 1989 to 1998.: Can Respir J. 1999 Mar-Apr;6(2):155-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99255768; Hersi A; Elwood K; Cowie R; Kunimoto D; Long R; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta,; Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To describe the extent of the problem of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Alberta and British Columbia from 1989 to 1998. DESIGN: A retrospective, population-based descriptive study of all notified MDR-TB cases in the context of all notified TB cases, all notified culture-positive TB cases and a
Inhibitory constituents against HIV-1 protease from Agastache rugosa.: Arch Pharm Res. 1999 Feb;22(1):75-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99170180; Min BS; Hattori M; Lee HK; Kim YH; College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Taejon, Korea.; Two diterpenoid compounds, agastanol (1) and agastaquinone (2), were isolated from the roots of Agastache rugosa (Labiatae). Compound 1 and 2 showed significant inhibitory effects against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease activity with IC50 values of 360 and 87 microM, respectively.
Regulation of CCR5 and CXCR4 expression by type 1 and type 2 cytokines: CCR5 expression is downregulated by IL-10 in CD4-positive lymphocytes.: Clin Immunol. 1999 Jun;91(3):254-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298508; Patterson BK; Czerniewski M; Andersson J; Sullivan Y; Su F; Jiyamapa D; Burki Z; Landay A; Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Northwestern University; Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. bpatters@nmh.org; HIV-1 transmission and disease progression is, in general, characterized by initial predominance of macrophage tropic, non-syncytium-inducing strains followed by a switch to T-cell tropic, syncytium-inducing strains. Using sensitive, quantitative kinetic RT-PCR, we examined cytokine regulation of tropism-specific HIV-
Decreased dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme activity of plasma soluble CD26 and its inverse correlation with HIV-1 RNA in HIV-1 infected individuals.: Clin Immunol. 1999 Jun;91(3):283-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298511; Hosono O; Homma T; Kobayashi H; Munakata Y; Nojima Y; Iwamoto A; Morimoto C; Department of Clinical Immunology, University of Tokyo, Japan.; Human plasma contains soluble CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV (sCD26/DPPIV) although its physiological significance remains unclear. To determine whether the plasma sCD26 levels have clinical relevance in HIV-1 infected individuals, the concentration and DPPIV enzyme activity of plasma sCD26 were measured. While there is
Effects of SIVmac infection on peripheral blood CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes in cynomolgus macaques.: Clin Immunol. 1999 Jun;91(3):321-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298516; Akari H; Nam KH; Mori K; Otani I; Shibata H; Adachi A; Terao K; Yoshikawa Y; Tsukuba Primate Center, National Institute of Infectious; Diseases, Ibaraki, Japan.; We have previously reported that CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells with a resting memory phenotype exist in a substantial proportion of peripheral blood lymphocytes of adult cynomolgus macaques. In this study, we examined the effects of simian immunodeficiency virus of macaque (SIVmac) infection on DP T cells. In
Phenotype and cytokine profile of Schistosoma mansoni specific T cell lines and clones derived from schistosomiasis patients with distinct clinical forms.: Clin Immunol. 1999 Jun;91(3):338-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298518; Contigli C; Silva-Teixeira DN; Del Prete G; D'Elios MM; De Carli M; Manghetti M; Amedei A; Almerigogna F; Lambertucci JR; Goes AM; Departamento Bioquimica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina,; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; It is essential to distinguish the role of T lymphocytes on the physiopathology associated to more severe forms of schistosomiasis and on the immunomodulation that evolves in the majority of infected people. In this study, we generated Schistosoma mansoni-specific T cell lines and clones from patients with the acute a
Expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and/or CD86 by a Kaposi's sarcoma tumor cell line induces differential T-cell activation and proliferation.: Clin Immunol. 1999 Jun;91(3):345-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298519; Foreman KE; Wrone-Smith T; Krueger AE; Nickoloff BJ; Department of Pathology, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola; University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153-5385, USA.; During physiological stimulation of resting T-cells, at least two activation signals by antigen presenting cells are required. Besides the first antigen-specific signal, the second costimulatory signal involves CD80 and CD86 expressed by the antigen presenting cell. These costimulatory molecules have been suggested to
Transformation of guinea pig leukocytes by coinfection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II.: J Hum Virol. 1998 Jan-Feb;1(2):101-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211143; Murakami K; Hatakeyama N; Ikezoe T; Kubota T; Kubonishi I; Ohtsuki Y; Sawada T; Miyoshi I; Department of Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Japan.; OBJECTIVE: The susceptibility of guinea pigs to human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection and of their cardiac blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) to HTLV-induced transformation were investigated. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Guinea pig CBMCs were cocultured with HTLV-infected cell lin
Post-HAART therapy research [editorial]: J Hum Virol. 1998 Jan-Feb;1(2):67-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211137; Gallo RC
Interferon downregulates CXCR4 (fusin) gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.: J Hum Virol. 1998 Jan-Feb;1(2):69-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211138; Shirazi Y; Pitha PM; Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; OBJECTIVE: Cytokines modulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication at multiple stages of its life cycle. We examined the effects of several HIV-1-stimulatory and HIV-1-inhibitory cytokines on CXCR4 (fusin) gene expression in lymphoid cells. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P
Tumor necrosis factor alpha and human immunodeficiency virus-specific functional immune responses after immunization with Gp120-depleted, inactivated HIV-1 in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (REMUNE) in HIV-1-seropositive subjects.: J Hum Virol. 1998 Jan-Feb;1(2):77-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211139; Moss RB; Li L; Giermakowska WK; Lanza P; Turner JL; Wallace MR; Jensen FC; Richieri SP; Daigle AE; Theofan G; Carlo DJ; Immune Response Corporation, Carlsbad, California 92008, USA.; OBJECTIVE: We examined the relation between tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific functional immune responses, as measured by HIV-1 antigen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and beta-chemokine production after immunization with gp120-depleted, inactiv
AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma patients with visceral manifestations. Response to human chorionic gonadotropin preparations.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211140; Hermans P; Clumeck N; Picard O; van Vooren JP; Duriez P; Zucman D; Bryant JL; Gill P; Lunardi-Iskandar Y; Gallo RC; OBJECTIVE: In vitro cell culture studies and a murine model for human Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) have shown that human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-associated factor (HAF) isolated from commercial hCG preparations has antiproliferative and cell killing effects on neoplastic KS cells, without toxic effects on normal endothe
Five human immunodeficiency virus type 1 phenotypic variants with different MT-2 cell tropisms correlate with prognostic markers of disease.: J Hum Virol. 1998 Jan-Feb;1(2):90-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211141; Nicastri E; Ercoli L; Sarmati L; Ventura L; Parisi SG; Ciapetti C; Montano M; Andreoni M; Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University Tor; Vergata, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: We correlated virologic and immunologic parameters of disease progression with cytopathogenicity of HIV isolates. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from 207 patients with CD4+ cell counts
Prevalence of hepatitis G virus RNA in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive intravenous drug users.: J Hum Virol. 1998 Jan-Feb;1(2):96-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211142; Zehender G; De Maddalena C; Bosisio AB; Gianotto M; Santambrogio S; Moroni M; Galli M; Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of; Milan, Italy. zehender@imiucca.csi.unimi.it; OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the new human flavivirus hepatitis G virus (HGV) in Italian intravenous drug users (IDUs) and its interaction with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Seventy-nine IDUs with different clinical
The endless tragedy of pediatric AIDS [editorial]: J Hum Virol. 1999 Jan-Feb;2(1):1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216600; Wainberg MA
Unique properties of a second human herpesvirus 8-encoded interferon regulatory factor (vIRF-2).: J Hum Virol. 1999 Jan-Feb;2(1):19-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF045550; Burysek L; Yeow WS; Pitha PM; Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; OBJECTIVE: Human herpesvirus 8/Kaposi s sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV-8/KSHV) contains, in addition to genes required for viral replication, an unique set of nonstructural genes which may be part of viral mimicry and contribute to viral replication and pathogenesis in vivo. Among these, HHV-8 encodes four open reading fram
Cellular localization of human herpesvirus 8 in nonneoplastic lymphadenopathies and chronic interstitial pneumonitis by in situ polymerase chain reaction studies.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Jan-Feb;2(1):38-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216605; Trovato R; Luppi M; Barozzi P; Da Prato L; Maiorana A; Lico S; Marasca R; Torricelli P; Torelli G; Ceccherini-Nelli L; Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Pisa, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To study the cellular localization of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in rare cases of HHV-8 infection from Italy that are associated neither with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection nor Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). METHODS: The presence and distribution of HHV-8-infected
Relation between HIV-2 proviral load and CD4+ lymphocyte count differs in monotypic and dual HIV infections.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Jan-Feb;2(1):45-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216606; Sarr AD; Popper S; Thior I; Hamel DJ; Sankale JL; Siby T; Marlink R; Essex M; Mboup S; Kanki P; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School; of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-6017, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To explore and compare the relations between proviral DNA load and CD4+ lymphocyte counts in both HIV-2 monotypic and HIV dual infection. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: In Dakar, Senegal , where the HIV-1 and HIV-2 epidemics overlap, serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (P
Changes in circulating levels of HIV, CD4, and tissue expression of HIV in a patient with recent-onset ulcerative colitis treated by surgery. Case report.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Jan-Feb;2(1):52-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216607; Silver S; Wahl SM; Orkin BA; Orenstein JM; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of; Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC 20037, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine CD4+ T-cell count and circulating and tissue levels of HIV before and after surgery in a patient with recent-onset ulcerative colitis. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: CD4 lymphocytes and circulating and tissue HIV RNA levels were measured in an HIV-infected patient with ulcerative colitis before and afte
HIV vaccines and prevention in a world without Mary Lou Clements-Mann and Jonathan Mann.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Jan-Feb;2(1):58-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216608; Levine MM; Curran J
A personal perspective on HIV-AIDS research.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Jan-Feb;2(1):8-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216602; Gallo RC
Isolated severe right atrial dilatation demonstrated on planar TI-201 myocardial imaging.: Clin Nucl Med. 1999 May;24(5):368-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99247447; Kumar M; Abdel-Dayem HM; Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, St.; Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York, New York; Medical College at Valhalla, USA.
[Advances in the study of HIV/AIDS associated social behavior]: Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1998 Mar;32(2):120-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99256124; Li H; Zhang K
[Relationship between risk-taking behavior and knowledge for HIV infection among young men in Longchuan, Yunnan of China]: Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1998 May;32(3):171-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99256104; Wu Z; Zhang J; Dong L; Ministry of Health Center for AIDS Prevention and Control,; Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Beijing.; OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between characteristics of risk-taking behavior and knowledge level of HIV infection/AIDS and risk perception of HIV infection among young men in an AIDS epidemic area. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among young men aged 18-29 years in 82 villages in Longchuan, Y
Kinetics of intracytoplasmic Th1 and Th2 cytokine production assessed by flow cytometry following in vitro activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.: Cytometry. 1999 Apr 1;35(4):318-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228185; Rostaing L; Tkaczuk J; Durand M; Peres C; Durand D; de Preval C; Ohayon E; Abbal M; Department of Multiorgan Transplantation, CHU Rangueil, Toulouse,; France.; BACKGROUND: Standard cytokine detection methods are unable to determine which cells are the producing cells. We report on the extent and under which conditions the multilabeling capability of flow cytometry (FCM) can bring new advances into the field. METHODS: Five different cytokines, interleukin-2 (
Surface antigen detection with non-fluorescent, antibody-coated microbeads: an alternative method compatible with conventional fluorochrome-based labeling.: Cytometry. 1999 May 1;36(1):27-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99260467; Fortin M; Hugo P; PROCREA BioSciences Inc., Ville Mont-Royal, Quebec, Canada.; BACKGROUND: Our goal was to devise a new labeling technique allowing the flow cytometric detection of an additional cell surface marker without the need for a supplementary fluorochrome. METHODS: Non-fluorescent polystyrene latex microbeads (0.1 or 0.5 microm in diameter) were coated with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
New evidence to reconcile in vitro and epidemiologic data on the possible role of heroin on CD4+ decline among HIV-infected injecting drug users.: Drug Alcohol Depend. 1999 Apr 1;54(2):145-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231906; Krol A; Flynn C; Vlahov D; Miedema F; Coutinho RA; van Ameijden EJ; Division of Public Health and Environment, Municipal Health; Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Long-term effects of drug type and other drug use related risk factors on CD4+ cell decline were assessed in 224 HIV-infected injecting drug users (IDUs) from Baltimore (ALIVE), USA, and 63 IDUs from Amsterdam, The Netherlands . Higher frequencies of borrowing used injection eq
Proviral amplification of the Gypsy endogenous retrovirus of Drosophila melanogaster involves env-independent invasion of the female germline.: EMBO J. 1999 May 4;18(9):2659-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99246288; Chalvet F; Teysset L; Terzian C; Prud'homme N; Santamaria P; Bucheton A; Pelisson A; C.G.M. du CNRS (UPR 9061), associe a l'Universite P. et M.; Curie Paris VI, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.; Gypsy is an infectious endogenous retrovirus of Drosophila melanogaster. The gypsy proviruses replicate very efficiently in the genome of the progeny of females homozygous for permissive alleles of the flamenco gene. This replicative transposition is correlated with derepression of gypsy expression, specifically in th
Electrophoretic karyotyping and triazole susceptibility of Candida glabrata clinical isolates.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;18(3):184-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283943; Barchiesi F; Falconi Di Francesco L; Arzeni D; Caselli F; Gallo D; Scalise G; Istituto di Malattie Infettive e Medicina Pubblica, Universita; degli Studi di Ancona, Ospedale Umberto I, Italy.; cmalinf@popcsi.unian.it; A series of 35 strains of Candida glabrata isolated from 29 subjects (5 AIDS patients and 24 HIV-seronegative individuals) were typed by electrophoretic karyotyping and tested for their susceptibilities to both fluconazole and itraconazole. Almost every individual harboured his/her own specific isolate (DNA type). Nei
Vibrio cholerae O2 sepsis in a patient with AIDS.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;18(3):203-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283947; Farina C; Luzzi I; Lorenzi N; Unita Operativa Microbiologia e Virologia, Azienda Ospedaliera; Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Italy.; Vibrio cholerae strains other than O1 and 0139 (non-O1 Vibrio cholerae) are associated with sporadic diarrheal disorders and limited outbreaks of diarrhea and have often been reported in association with extraintestinal infections. The following is a presentation of a fatal case of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae septicemia wi
Increased adherence of fluconazole-resistant isolates of Candida species to explanted esophageal mucosa.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;18(3):213-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283950; Lyman CA; Garrett KF; Peter J; Gonzalez C; Walsh TJ; Immunocompromised Host Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch,; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; lymanc@mail.nih.gov; The adherence of fluconazole-resistant and fluconazole-susceptible isolates of Candida albicans to explanted rabbit esophageal mucosa was examined in vivo. Among six Candida albicans isolates collected from HIV-infected patients, three fluconazole-resistant (MIC > 64 microg/ml) isolates attached more avidly than three
Antagonistic activity of HIV-1 T helper peptides flanked by an unrelated carrier protein.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 May;29(5):1448-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285593; Fenoglio D; Li Pira G; De Berardinis P; Saverino D; Terranova MP; Ombra MN; Bracci L; Lozzi L; Viotti C; Guardiola J; Manca F; Department of Immunology, San Martino Hospital, University of; Genoa, Italy.; Antagonism is the ability of a modified antigenic peptide (altered peptide ligand, APL) to prevent CD4 T cell activation by the original peptide. Here we show that antagonistic activity can be conferred to peptides of HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 and reverse transcriptase p66 by adding flanking polypeptide sequence
Activated T cells enter rat lymph nodes and Peyer's patches via high endothelial venules: survival by tissue-specific proliferation and preferential exit of CD8+ T cell progeny.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 May;29(5):1487-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285597; Bode U; Duda C; Weidner F; Rodriguez-Palmero M; Wonigeit K; Pabst R; Westermann J; Center of Anatomy, Medical School of Hannover, Germany.; Bode.Ulrike@MH-Hannover.de; Activated T cells reach the lymph nodes via afferent lymphatics but it is unknown to what extent they also enter them directly via high endothelial venules (HEV). Little is known about the mechanism mediating the proliferation of activated T cells within lymphoid tissues in vivo or the subsequent fate of the progeny.
The synthesis of platelet-activating factor modulates chemotaxis of monocytes induced by HIV-1 Tat.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285600; Del Sorbo L; DeMartino A; Biancone L; Bussolati B; Conaldi PG; Toniolo A; Camussi G; HIV-1 Tat protein has been shown to induce chemotaxis and recruitment of monocytes. In the present study, we evaluated whether HIV-1 Tat protein was able to induce the synthesis of platelet-activating factor (PAF), which is a potent mediator of cell motility, and whether the synthesis of PAF was instrumental in trigge
Inhibitory effects of the Trypanosoma cruzi membrane glycoprotein AGC10 on the expression of IL-2 receptor chains and secretion of cytokines by subpopulations of activated human T lymphocytes.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 May;29(5):1684-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285618; Kierszenbaum F; de Diego JL; Fresno M; Sztein MB; Department of Microbiology, Michigan State University, East; Lansing 48824, USA. kierszen@pilot.msu.edu; The Trypanosoma cruzi membrane glycoprotein AGC10 has been shown to alter some human macrophage functions (De Diego, J. L. et al., J. Immunol. 1997. 159: 4983-4989). We show here that, in the presence of AGC10, [3H]thymidine incorporation by normal human lymphocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 or phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
Induction of antibodies to methadone during methadone maintenance treatment of heroin addicts and its possible clinical implications.: Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Mar 26;369(3):357-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239881; Gamaleya N; Dmitrieva I; Borg S; Ericcson N; Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Scientific Research Institute of; Addiction, Moscow, GSP, Russian Federation.; By means of two different types of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques, antibodies to methadone were detected in blood plasma of heroin addicts on methadone maintenance treatment. In 11-15% of cases immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibodies were detected, while IgG antibodies were observed in 33-40%. At least
Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage findings in cross-country skiers with and without "ski asthma".: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99247398; Sue-Chu M; Larsson L; Moen T; Rennard SI; Bjermer L; Dept of Lung Medicine, University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.; Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine with asthma-like symptoms ( ski asthma ) is frequent in elite cross-country skiers. To further the understanding of ski asthma , 10 nonasthmatic, nonatopic controls and 30 adolescent elite skiers were investigated by bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Nine skin
Induction of cytokine production in naive CD4(+) T cells by antigen-presenting murine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells but failure to induce differentiation toward Th1 cells.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99278257; Knolle PA; Schmitt E; Jin S; Germann T; Duchmann R; Hegenbarth S; Gerken G; Lohse AW; BACKGROUND & AIMS: Murine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) constitutively express accessory molecules and can present antigen to memory Th1 CD4(+) T cells. Using a T-cell receptor transgenic mouse line, we addressed the question whether LSECs can prime naive CD4(+) T cells. METHODS: Purified LSECs were in
Lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B: the magic bullet or just another bright prospect?: Gastroenterology. 1999 Jun;116(6):1498-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99278268; Kowdley KV
[Response of fetal macrophages in the placenta of pregnant HIV-positive patients with and without antiretroviral treatment]: Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1999 May;67:196-206. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99291601; Villegas Castrejon H; Mayon Gonzalez J; Paredes Vivas Y; Karchmer S; Departamento de Microscopia Electronica, Instituto Nacional de; Perinatologia, Mex. D.F.; We studied the cellular answer of placentary macrophages in pregnant women seropositive to the virus of human immunodefficiency (VIH-1) treated with zidovudina ( AZT ) and didanosine (ddl). Twenty eight pregnant women were studies; there were four group
The genetic basis for the association of the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (A1, B8, DR3) with multiple immunopathological diseases.: Immunol Rev. 1999 Feb;167:257-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99252825; Price P; Witt C; Allcock R; Sayer D; Garlepp M; Kok CC; French M; Mallal S; Christiansen F; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Perth Hospital, Western; Australia, Australia.; An individual s major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ancestral haplotype (AH) is the clearest single determinant of susceptibility to MHC associated immunopathological disease, as it defines the alleles carried at all loci in the MHC. However, the direct effects of any of the 150-200 genes that constitute the MHC ar
Major histocompatibility complex class I genes in primates: co-evolution with pathogens.: Immunol Rev. 1999 Feb;167:327-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99252829; Vogel TU; Evans DT; Urvater JA; O'Connor DH; Hughes AL; Watkins DI; Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of; Wisconsin, Madison 53715-1299, USA.; The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is the most polymorphic genetic system known, playing a central role in the cellular immune response to pathogens. The relationship between the MHC of humans and non-human primates has increased our understanding of MHC evolution and how polymorphism of this gene family may h
Profiles of Th1 and Th2 cytokines after primary and secondary infection by Schistosoma mansoni in the semipermissive rat host.: Infect Immun. 1999 Jun;67(6):2713-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99270926; Cetre C; Pierrot C; Cocude C; Lafitte S; Capron A; Capron M; Khalife J; Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59019 Lille Cedex, France.; catherine.cetre@pasteur-lille.fr; In contrast to most mouse strains, rats eliminate the primary schistosome burden around 4 weeks postinfection and subsequently develop protective immunity to reinfection. In rat schistosomiasis, we have shown predominant expression of a Th2-type cytokine response at the mRNA level after primary infection. In the prese
CD4(+) T cells and the proinflammatory cytokines gamma interferon and interleukin-6 contribute to alveolar bone loss in mice.: Infect Immun. 1999 Jun;67(6):2804-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99270937; Baker PJ; Dixon M; Evans RT; Dufour L; Johnson E; Roopenian DC; Biology Department, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240, USA.; pbaker@abacus.bates.edu; In this study, we used a mouse model to examine the role of the adaptive immune response in alveolar bone loss induced by oral infection with the human gram-negative anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis. Severe combined immunodeficient mice, which lack B and T lymphocytes, exhibited considerably less bone loss
Construction of a single-chain interleukin-12-expressing retroviral vector and its application in cytokine gene therapy against experimental coccidioidomycosis.: Infect Immun. 1999 Jun;67(6):2996-3001. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99270963; Jiang C; Magee DM; Cox RA; Department of Clinical Investigation, Texas Center for Infectious; Disease, San Antonio, Texas 78223, USA.; chengyong.jiang@tdh.state.tx.us; T-cell-mediated immunity is an important determinant in protection against primary infection with Coccidioides immitis, a dimorphic fungal pathogen that causes the disease coccidioidomycosis . To determine if interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene therapy could potentiate host r
Interleukin 5 (IL-5) is not required for expression of a Th2 response or host resistance mechanisms during murine schistosomiasis mansoni but does play a role in development of IL-4-producing non-T, non-B cells.: Infect Immun. 1999 Jun;67(6):3014-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99270966; Brunet LR; Sabin EA; Cheever AW; Kopf MA; Pearce EJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary; Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.; During schistosomiasis, interleukin-5 (IL-5)-dependent eosinophil responses have been implicated in immunopathology, resistance to superinfection, synergistic interactions with chemotherapeutic agents, and the inductive phase of the egg-induced Th2 response. We examined these issues in IL-5-deficient (IL-5(-/-)) mice.
Citrobacter rodentium infection in mice elicits a mucosal Th1 cytokine response and lesions similar to those in murine inflammatory bowel disease.: Infect Immun. 1999 Jun;67(6):3031-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99270969; Higgins LM; Frankel G; Douce G; Dougan G; MacDonald TT; Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, St. Bartholomew's and; the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, St.; Bartholomew's Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, United Kingdom.; Citrobacter rodentium is a classically noninvasive pathogen of mice that is similar to enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in man. Following oral infection of young mice, the organism colonizes the distal colon, and within 1 week the colonic mucosa doubles in thickness and there is massive epithelial cell hyperpl
Host defense against Mycobacterium avium does not have an absolute requirement for major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted T cells.: Infect Immun. 1999 Jun;67(6):3108-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99270980; Bermudez LE; Petrofsky M; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases,; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San; Francisco, California 94115, USA. luizb@cooper.cpmc.org; The role of CD8(+) T cells was evaluated in a mouse model of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection. C57BL/6J and C57BL/6Jbeta2-/- (beta2-/-) mice were infected intravenously, and the number of viable bacteria in each liver and spleen was determined. No significant difference between the number of bacteria in the
General assembly adopts changes in HIV/AIDS statute.: Iowa Med. 1999 May-Jun;89(3):11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283628; Freeman J
IKKgamma mediates the interaction of cellular IkappaB kinases with the tax transforming protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1.: J Biol Chem. 1999 May 28;274(22):15297-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269055; Chu ZL; Shin YA; Yang JM; DiDonato JA; Ballard DW; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University School of; Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0295, USA.; The Tax oncoprotein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 constitutively activates transcription factor NF-kappaB by a mechanism involving Tax-induced phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha, a labile cytoplasmic inhibitor of NF-kappaB. To trigger this signaling cascade, Tax associates stably with and persistently activates a
Identification of amino acid residues critical for aggregation of human CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES. Characterization of active disaggregated chemokine variants.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 4;274(23):16077-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PDB/1B53; Czaplewski LG; McKeating J; Craven CJ; Higgins LD; Appay V; Brown A; Dudgeon T; Howard LA; Meyers T; Owen J; Palan SR; Tan P; Wilson G; Woods NR; Heyworth CM; Lord BI; Brotherton D; Christison R; Craig S; Cribbes S; Edwards RM; Evans SJ; Gilbert R; Morgan P; Hunter MG; et al; British Biotech Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Watlington Road, Oxford OX4; 5LY, United Kingdom. czaplewski@britbio.co.uk; Human CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed) self-associate to form high-molecular mass aggregates. To explore the biological significance of chemokine aggregation, nonaggregating variants were sought. The phenotypes of 105 hM
The transcriptional inhibitors, actinomycin D and alpha-amanitin, activate the HIV-1 promoter and favor phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 4;274(23):16097-106. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99278372; Casse C; Giannoni F; Nguyen VT; Dubois MF; Bensaude O; Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire, Ecole Normale; Superieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75230 Paris Cedex 05, France.; Actinomycin D and alpha-amanitin are commonly used to inhibit transcription. Unexpectedly, however, the transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) long terminal repeats (LTR) is shown to be activated at the level of elongation, in human and murine cells exposed to these drugs, whereas the Rous sarcoma v
Naturally occurring CCR5 extracellular and transmembrane domain variants affect HIV-1 Co-receptor and ligand binding function.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 4;274(23):16228-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99278389; Howard OM; Shirakawa AK; Turpin JA; Maynard A; Tobin GJ; Carrington M; Oppenheim JJ; Dean M; Intramural Research Support Program, SAIC Frederick, National; Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development; Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA. howardz@mail.ncifcrf.gov; Analysis of CCR5 variants in human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1), high risk cohorts led to the identification of multiple single amino acid substitutions in the amino-terminal third of the HIV-1 co-receptor CCR5 suggesting the possibility of protective and permissive genotypes; unfortunately, the low frequenc
Putative reaction intermediates in Crm1-mediated nuclear protein export.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 4;274(23):16279-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99278395; Floer M; Blobel G; Laboratory of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The; Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA.; We discovered several novel interactions between proteins involved in Crm1-mediated nuclear export of the nuclear export signal containing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protein Rev. First, a Rev/Crm1/RanGTP complex (where Ran is Ras-related nuclear protein) reacts with some nucleoporins (Nup42 and Nup159) but no
Expression of CD80 and CD86 on peripheral blood T lymphocytes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.: J Clin Immunol. 1999 Jan;19(1):58-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99179841; Abe K; Takasaki Y; Ushiyama C; Asakawa J; Fukazawa T; Seki M; Hirashima M; Ogaki M; Hashimoto H; Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University School of; Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.; CD80 and CD86 were detected in high amounts on circulating T cells in the peripheral blood of some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), using flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies. Patients with other connective tissue diseases did not have a high percentage of T cells expressing CD80 or CD86 in their
Subcutaneous administration of T-epitope sequences of the acetylcholine receptor prevents experimental myasthenia gravis.: J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Jan 1;93(1-2):108-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305219; Karachunski PI; Ostlie NS; Okita DK; Garman R; Conti-Fine BM; Department of Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences,; University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.; Immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) causes experimental myasthenia gravis (EMG). The s.c. administration to C57B1/6 mice of synthetic AChR CD4+ epitopes, before and during AChR immunization, reduced the epitope-specific CD4+ responses and the anti-AChR Ab synthesis, and prevented EMG. The s.c. administrati
Identification of a T cell chemotactic factor in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-1-infected individuals as interferon-gamma inducible protein 10.: J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Jan 1;93(1-2):172-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305226; Kolb SA; Sporer B; Lahrtz F; Koedel U; Pfister HW; Fontana A; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich,; Switzerland.; Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is a prominent feature of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Monocytes and CD4+ T cells traverse the blood brain barrier (BBB), and serve as vehicles for the virus and perpetrators for brain pathology by their production of neurotoxins. In the present study cerebro
Pathogenesis of acute passive murine encephalomyelitis II. Th1 phenotype of the inducing population is not sufficient to cause disease.: ZYMOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY Tumor Necrosis Factor/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Jan 1;93(1-2):26-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305211; Lyons JA; Zhao ML; Fritz RB; Department of Microbiology, Medical College of Wisconsin,; Milwaukee 53226, USA. lyonsj@neuro.wustl.edu; ecificitiesE
Myelin basic protein-specific T lymphocytes induce chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in lymphocyte-deficient (SCID) mice.: J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Jan 1;93(1-2):92-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305217; Jones RE; Mass M; Bourdette DN; Research Service, VA Medical Center, Portland, OR 97201, USA.; jonesric@ohsu.edu; Myelin basic protein (BP)-specific T lymphocyte cell lines were selected from the lymph nodes (LN) of BP-immunized, H-2d, CXJ-1 mice prior to the onset of clinical disease. These CD4+ T cells induced severe acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in MHC-compatible (H-2d), lymphocyte-deficient (SCID) mice
Social stress, dominance and blood cellular immunity.: J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Feb 1;94(1-2):144-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303440; Stefanski V; Engler H; University of Bayreuth, Department of Animal Physiology, Germany.; volker.stefanski@uni-bayreuth.de; The impact of chronic social coexistence on distribution and function of blood immune cells was examined in Long Evans rats. At the beginning of a 7 day period of chronic coexistence (confrontation), a wall was removed between two neighboring cages each consisting of a male-female pair. Winner and loser males were cla
High levels in serum, but no signs of intrathecal synthesis of anti-sulfatide antibodies in HIV-1 infected individuals with or without central nervous system complications.: J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Feb 1;94(1-2):153-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303441; Gisslen M; Lekman A; Fredman P; Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectious; Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.; magnus.gisslen@medfak.gu.se; Myelin degeneration is commonly found in the central nervous system (CNS) of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), especially in patients with HIV-1-associated dementia . We analysed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from 25 HIV-1 infected
Induction of experimental autoimmune neuritis in CD4-8-C57BL/6J mice.: J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Feb 1;94(1-2):196-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303446; Zhu J; Nennesmo I; Deng GM; Levi M; Wahren B; Diab A; Mix E; Zhou JN; Ljunggren HG; Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. jie.zhu@cnsf.ki.se; The C57BL/6J mice strain is known to be reputedly resistant to induction of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), an animal model of Guillain-Barre syndrome in humans. Here we describe the induction of EAN in mice of the C57BL/6J background by transfer into naive syngeneic recipients bovine peripheral nerve myelin (
HIV-1 tat protein induces the production of interleukin-8 by human brain-derived endothelial cells.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303426; Hofman FM; Chen P; Incardona F; Zidovetzki R; Hinton DR; Department of Pathology, HMR 312, University of Southern; California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.; This study focused on the role of the HIV-derived viral protein, tat, in activating central nervous system (CNS)-derived endothelial cells (EC) to produce interleukin-8 (IL-8), a stimulator and chemoattractant for neutrophils and lymphocytes. Human CNS-EC treated with tat (100 ng/ml) demonstrated a 2 to 3 fold upregul
Characteristics of AIDS in older patients: a follow-up study [letter]: J Am Geriatr Soc. 1999 Jun;47(6):764-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99292307; Allison-Ottey S; Ferguson RP; Heym K
Moyamoya syndrome in a patient with congenital human immunodeficiency virus infection.: J Child Neurol. 1999 Apr;14(4):268-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99265574; Hsiung GY; Sotero de Menezes M; Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.; A 10-year-old boy with congenital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection developed recurrent episodes of left hemiparesis at age 7 years. The progression of his disease was followed by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, and cerebral angiography. The series of images
Antiviral chemotherapy for chronic hepatitis B infection: lessons learned from treating HIV-infected patients.: J Hepatol. 1999 Mar;30(3):536-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99205017; Locarnini S; Birch C; Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, North; Melbourne, Australia. stephenL@hna.ffh.vic.gov.au
Lamivudine is safe and effective in fulminant hepatitis B [letter]: J Hepatol. 1999 Mar;30(3):551. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99205018; Santantonio T; Mazzola M; Pastore G
A social psychological perspective on HIV/AIDS and gay or homosexually active Asian men.: J Homosex. 1999;36(3-4):69-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211403; Sanitioso R; School of Behavioural Science, University of Melbourne,; Parkville, Victoria, Australia.; This paper employs findings in social psychological research to analyze HIV/AIDS-related issues among gay and homosexual Asian men living in western countries, specifically in Australia . This includes analyses of: (1) the impact of collectivistic cultural ideologies on self-conc
Cutting edge: anti-CD1 monoclonal antibody treatment reverses the production patterns of TGF-beta 2 and Th1 cytokines and ameliorates listeriosis in mice.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):6955-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288044; Szalay G; Ladel CH; Blum C; Brossay L; Kronenberg M; Kaufmann SH; Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.; Protection against intracellular bacteria by T cells is regulated by Ag-presenting molecules, which comprise classical MHC class I molecules, MHC class II molecules, and nonclassical MHC class Ib molecules. The role of CD1 molecules, which are structurally similar to classical MHC class I gene products, but less polym
Cutting edge: a novel viral TNF receptor superfamily member in virulent strains of human cytomegalovirus.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):6967-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF135184; Benedict CA; Butrovich KD; Lurain NS; Corbeil J; Rooney I; Schneider P; Tschopp J; Ware CF; Division of Molecular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy; and Immunology, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.; The UL144 open reading frame found in clinical isolates of human CMV (HCMV) encodes a structural homologue of the herpesvirus entry mediator, a member of the TNFR superfamily. UL144 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed early after infection o
Human anti-porcine T cell response: blocking with anti-class I antibody leads to hyporesponsiveness and a switch in cytokine production.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):6993-7001. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288052; DerSimonian H; Pan L; Yatko C; Rodrigue-Way A; Johnson E; Edge AS; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Diacrin, Inc.,; Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. harout@diacrin.com; Intervention in the molecular interactions that lead to an immune response is possible at various stages of Ag recognition and T cell activation. Perturbation of the interaction of the TCR with the MHC/peptide ligand complex is one approach that has shown promise for autoimmunity and graft rejection in blocking T cell
IL-7 up-regulates IL-4 production by splenic NK1.1+ and NK1.1- MHC class I-like/CD1-dependent CD4+ T cells.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7067-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288061; Hameg A; Gouarin C; Gombert JM; Hong S; Van Kaer L; Bach JF; Herbelin A; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale; (INSERM), U25, Centre de l'Association Claude Bernard, Hopital; Necker, Paris, France.; NK T cells are an unusual subset of T lymphocytes. They express NK1. 1 Ag, are CD1 restricted, and highly skewed toward Vbeta8 for their TCR usage. They express the unique potential to produce large amounts of IL-4 and IFN-gamma immediately upon TCR cross-linking. We previously showed in the thymus that the NK T subse
IFN-gamma exposes a cryptic cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7075-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288062; Sewell AK; Price DA; Teisserenc H; Booth BL Jr; Gileadi U; Flavin FM; Trowsdale J; Phillips RE; Cerundolo V; University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Institute; of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom.; The proteasome, an essential component of the ATP-dependent proteolytic pathway in eukaryotic cells, is responsible for the degradation of most cellular proteins and is believed to be the main source of MHC class I-restricted antigenic peptides for presentation to CTL. Inhibition of the proteasome by lactacystin or va
p38 alpha mitogen-activated protein kinase is activated by CD28-mediated signaling and is required for IL-4 production by human CD4+CD45RO+ T cells and Th2 effector cells.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7110-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288067; Schafer PH; Wadsworth SA; Wang L; Siekierka JJ; R. W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Drug Discovery; Research, Raritan, NJ 08869, USA.; T cell proliferation and cytokine production usually require stimulation via both the TCR/CD3 complex and the CD28 costimulatory receptor. Using purified human CD4+ peripheral blood T cells, we show that CD28 stimulation alone activates p38 alpha mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 alpha). Cell proliferation induced
Inhibition of tyrosine kinase activation blocks the down-regulation of CXC chemokine receptor 4 by HIV-1 gp120 in CD4+ T cells.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7128-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288069; Su SB; Gong W; Grimm M; Utsunomiya I; Sargeant R; Oppenheim JJ; Ming Wang J; Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Division of Basic; Sciences, SAIC-Frederick National Cancer Institute, MD 21702,; USA.; Because the binding of HIV-1 envelope to CD4 initiates a configurational change in glycoprotein 120 (gp120), enabling it to interact with fusion coreceptors, we investigated how this process interferes with the expression and function of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in CD4+ T lymphocytes. A recombinant gp120 (MN),
Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis may occur in the context of a polarized Th1- or Th2-type immune response in rats.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7189-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288077; Saoudi A; Bernard I; Hoedemaekers A; Cautain B; Martinez K; Druet P; De Baets M; Guery JC; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Unit; 28, Universite Paul Sabatier, Hopital Purpan, Toulouse, France.; abdelhadi@saoudi@purpan.insermfr; Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) is a T cell-dependent, Ab-mediated autoimmune disease induced in rats by a single immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Although polarized Th1 responses have been shown to be crucial for the development of mouse EAMG, the role of Th cell subsets in rat EAMG i
Differences between IL-4- and IL-4 receptor alpha-deficient mice in chronic leishmaniasis reveal a protective role for IL-13 receptor signaling.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7302-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288091; Mohrs M; Ledermann B; Kohler G; Dorfmuller A; Gessner A; Brombacher F; Max-Planck-Institute for Immunobiology, Freiburg, Germany.; IL-4 receptor alpha-chain-deficient (IL-4Ralpha-/-) mice were generated by homologous and site-specific recombination, using the Cre/loxP system in BALB/c-derived embryonic stem cells. In vitro analysis of cells from these mice revealed impaired IL-4- and IL-13-mediated functions, demonstrating that the IL-4Ralpha-cha
The Th1/Th2 balance does not account for the difference of susceptibility of mouse strains to Theiler's virus persistent infection.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7330-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288095; Monteyne P; Bihl F; Levillayer F; Brahic M; Bureau JF; Unite des Virus Lents, Unite de Recherche Associee 1930,; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.; Theiler s virus causes a persistent infection with demyelination that is studied as a model for multiple sclerosis. Inbred strains of mice differ in their susceptibility to viral persistence due to both H-2 and non-H-2 genes. A locus with a major effect on persistence has been mapped on chromosome 10, close to the Ifn
Induction of antitumor immunity with Fas/APO-1 ligand (CD95L)-transfected neuroblastoma neuro-2a cells.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7350-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288098; Shimizu M; Fontana A; Takeda Y; Yagita H; Yoshimoto T; Matsuzawa A; Department of Cancer Therapeutics, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute; of Medical Science, Japan. shimizu@rinshoken.or.jp; Fas/Apo-1 (CD95)-Fas ligand (FasL) system has been implicated in the suppression and stimulation of immune responses. We examined the induction of antitumor immunity with neuroblastoma Neuro-2a cells transfected with FasL cDNA (Neuro-2a+FasL). Neuro-2a+FasL cells expressed FasL on the cell surface and secreted soluble
Complex requirements for nascent and memory immunity in pulmonary histoplasmosis.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7389-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288103; Allendorfer R; Brunner GD; Deepe GS Jr; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College; of Medicine, OH 45267, USA.; The presence of functional T cells is often required for successful resolution of infections with intracellular pathogens, yet the mechanisms by which they contribute to elimination of the invading pathogen in primary and secondary immunity are only partly understood. We report that increased mortality of naive alpha/
Effect of an orally active Th1/Th2 balance modulator, M50367, on IgE production, eosinophilia, and airway hyperresponsiveness in mice.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288114; Kato Y; Manabe T
Progesterone-induced inhibition of chemokine receptor expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with reduced HIV-1 infectability in vitro.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7510-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288118; Vassiliadou N; Tucker L; Anderson DJ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology,; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 02115, USA.; Recent studies have shown that progesterone, a sex steroid hormone, enhances the sexual transmission of various pathogens, including SIV. The goal of this study was to determine whether progesterone affects mechanisms underlying the sexual transmission of HIV-1. We first studied the effects of various physiologic conc
Biased TCR repertoire in HIV-1-infected patients due to clonal expansion of HIV-1-reverse transcriptase-specific CTL clones.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7525-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AJ238419; Kolowos W; Schmitt M; Herrman M; Harrer E; Low P; Kalden JR; Harrer T; Department of Medicine III, Institute of Clinical Immunology,; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.; To study whether an expansion of HIV-1-specific CTL is contributing to the skewed TCR repertoire in HIV-1-infection, we characterized the TCR usage of CTL clones specific for a conserved epitope in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT/476-484). CTL clones from three HIV-1-infected patients displayed highly similar TCR usag
IL-13 and IFN-gamma secretion by activated T cells in HIV-1 infection associated with viral suppression and a lack of disease progression.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7534-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288121; Bailer RT; Holloway A; Sun J; Margolick JB; Martin M; Kostman J; Montaner LJ; Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.; The immunopathology of HIV-1 infection includes immune defects in T cell cytokine secretion, resulting in decreased Ag-specific responses. In this report, IL-13 and IFN-gamma were analyzed in progressive HIV-1 disease. Both cytokines exert positive effects on Ag presentation and inhibit HIV-1 infection of macrophages.
Induction of HIV-1 replication by allogeneic stimulation.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7543-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288122; Moriuchi H; Moriuchi M; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; hiromori@net.nagasaki-u.ac.jp; Allogeneic stimulation presents an immunologic challenge during pregnancy, blood transfusions, and transplantations, and has been associated with reactivation of latently infected virus such as CMV . Since HIV-1 is transmitted vertically, sexually, or via contami
Complement receptor 1 (CD35) on human reticulocytes: normal expression in systemic lupus erythematosus and HIV-infected patients.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7549-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288123; Lach-Trifilieff E; Marfurt J; Schwarz S; Sadallah S; Schifferli JA; Medizinische Universitatsklinik B, Kantonsspital Basel,; Switzerland.; The low levels of complement receptor 1 (CR1) on erythrocytes in autoimmune diseases and AIDS may be due to accelerated loss in the circulation, or to a diminished expression of CR1 on the red cell lineage. Therefore, we analyzed the expression of CR1 on reticulocytes (R) vs erythrocytes (E). Healthy subjects had a si
Induction of MHC class I expression on immature thymocytes in HIV-1-infected SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice: evidence of indirect mechanisms.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7555-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288124; Kovalev G; Duus K; Wang L; Lee R; Bonyhadi M; Ho D; McCune JM; Kaneshima H; Su L; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of; Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel; Hill 27599, USA.; The SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse and human fetal thymic organ culture (HF-TOC) models have been used to explore the pathophysiologic mechanisms of HIV-1 infection in the thymus. We report here that HIV-1 infection of the SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse leads to the induction of MHC class I (MHCI) expression on CD4+CD8+ (DP) thymocytes
C1.7 antigen expression on CD8+ T cells is activation dependent: increased proportion of C1.7+CD8+ T cells in HIV-1-infected patients with progressing disease.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288125; Peritt D; Sesok-Pizzini DA; Schretzenmair R; Macgregor RR; Valiante NM; Tu X; Trinchieri G; Kamoun M; The C1.7 Ag is a surface marker previously shown to be expressed on all NK cells and on a subset of CD8+ T cells. We report in this study that C1.7 Ag expression on peripheral blood-derived CD8+ T cells overlaps with activation markers S6F1high and CD29high and is reciprocally expressed with CD62L. C1.7 Ag expression
Human CD28-CD8+ T cells contain greatly expanded functional virus-specific memory CTL clones.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7569-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288126; Weekes MP; Carmichael AJ; Wills MR; Mynard K; Sissons JG; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge Clinical School,; United Kingdom.; At birth, almost all human peripheral blood CD8+ T cells express the costimulatory molecule CD28. With increasing age, the proportion of CD8+ T cells that lack CD28 increases. Because the Ag specificity of CD28-CD8+ T cells has not previously been defined, we studied the contribution of CD28-CD8+ T cells to the memory
Human CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocyte memory to influenza A viruses of swine and avian species.: J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7578-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288127; Jameson J; Cruz J; Terajima M; Ennis FA; Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, University of; Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655, USA.; Recently, an avian influenza A virus (A/ Hong Kong /156/97, H5N1) was isolated from a young child who had a fatal influenza illness. All eight RNA segments were of avian origin. The H5 hemagglutinin is not recognized by neutralizing A
[New management of hepatitis B virus]: Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. 1999 Apr 10;88(4):713-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99273207; Sata M; Kumashiro R
[Rational treatment of HIV infection]: Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. 1999 Feb 20;88 Suppl:61-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99273154; Kimura T
Th2 cells as effectors in postirradiation pulmonary damage preceding fibrosis in the rat.: Int J Radiat Biol. 1999 May;75(5):629-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301481; Westermann W; Schobl R; Rieber EP; Frank KH; Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Technical University; Dresden, Germany.; PURPOSE: Radiation-induced pneumonitis and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis are important dose-limiting complications of radiotherapy. Their pathogenesis is known only in part. T-lymphocytes comprise a significant part of the infiltrating cells but little is known about their role. The aim of this study was to define the
Elective surgery and the HIV-positive patient: medical, legal, and ethical issues.: J La State Med Soc. 1999 May;151(5):245-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99291656; Clarke SR; Gonsoulin TP; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane; University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.; The ethical and legal issues surrounding the healthcare provider s obligation to provide care for patients have been a topic of debate since the beginning of modern medicine. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient requesting cosmetic or elective surgery provides yet another situation in which the phys
Depletion of eosinophils in mice through the use of antibodies specific for C-C chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3).: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U29677; Grimaldi JC; Yu NX; Grunig G; Seymour BW; Cottrez F; Robinson DS; Hosken N; Ferlin WG; Wu X; Soto H; O'Garra A; Howard MC; Coffman RL; DNAX Research Institute of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Palo; Alto, California, USA. grim@gene.com; We have generated rat monoclonal antibodies specific for the mouse eotaxin receptor, C-C chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3). Several anti-CCR3 mAbs proved to be useful for in vivo depletion of CCR3-expressing cells and immunofluorescent staining. In vivo CCR3 mAbs of the IgG2b isotype substantially depleted blood eosinophil
Long-term CD8+ T cell memory to Sendai virus elicited by DNA vaccination.: J Gen Virol. 1999 Jun;80 ( Pt 6):1393-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301492; Chen Y; Usherwood EJ; Surman SL; Hogg TL; Woodland DL; Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis, TN 38105, USA.; The capacity of DNA vaccines to prime CD8+ T cells makes them excellent candidates for vaccines that are designed to emphasize cellular immunity. However, the long-term stability of CD8+ T cell memory induced by DNA vaccination is poorly characterized. Here, the quality of CD8+ T cell recall responses in mice was inve
Synergistic effect of immunization with a peptide cocktail inducing antibody, helper and cytotoxic T-cell responses on protection against respiratory syncytial virus.: J Gen Virol. 1999 Jun;80 ( Pt 6):1401-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301493; Hsu SC; Chargelegue D; Obeid OE; Steward MW; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of; Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.; Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) or neutralizing antibodies can protect against RSV infection when induced separately by immunization with synthetic peptides. In the work described here, RSV-specific neutralizing antibodies and CTLs were induced after immunization with a cocktai
Human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1 syncytium formation is regulated in a cell-specific manner by ICAM-1, ICAM-3 and VCAM-1 and can be inhibited by antibodies to integrin beta2 or beta7.: J Gen Virol. 1999 Jun;80 ( Pt 6):1429-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301496; Daenke S; McCracken SA; Booth S; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford,; John Radcliffe Hospital, UK. sdaenke@molbiol.ox.ac.uk; Human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a pathogenic retrovirus responsible for a number of inflammatory pathologies and adult T-cell leukaemia. Although T-cell tropic in vivo, HTLV-1 can infect a wide variety of cell types in vitro. Cell-to-cell spread of HTLV-1 may require specific binding of envelo
Vaccinia virus-bacteriophage T7 expression vector for complementation analysis of late gene processes.: J Gen Virol. 1999 Jun;80 ( Pt 6):1463-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301500; Eckert D; Merchlinsky M; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Center for Biologics Evaluation and; Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20852-1448,; USA.; A vaccinia virus-bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase hybrid transient expression vector has been developed for complementation analysis of late gene functions in vaccinia virus. The conditionally defective virus ts21 was modified to express the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase. The derived virus, vtsT7, was conditionally d
Frequencies of SDF-1 chemokine, CCR-5, and CCR-2 chemokine receptor gene alleles conferring resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and AIDS in Kuwaitis.: J Med Virol. 1999 May;58(1):54-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99238057; Voevodin A; Samilchuk E; Dashti S; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait; University, Safat. voevodin@hsc.kuniv.edu.kw; The frequencies of three mutations conferring resistance to HIV/AIDS were determined in a population sample of native Kuwaitis. The CCR2-641, SDF1-3 A, and CCR5-m303 mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) tests using restriction endonucleases Bsa BI, Ms
Influence of maternal CD4 levels on the predictive value of virus load over mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Study Group for Vertical Transmission.: J Med Virol. 1999 May;58(1):59-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99238058; Mazza C; Ravaggi A; Rodella A; Duse M; Padula D; Lomini M; Castelli F; Bresciani S; Albertini A; Cariani E; III Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Hospital of Brescia, Italy.; Forty-four anti-HIV seropositive pregnant women were enrolled in a study of maternal factors related to mother-to-infant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission. HIV-1 infection was documented in 11 of 45 infants (24.4%). Obstetric factors, maternal CD4 counts, and disease stage were not related to th
Adherence to combination antiretroviral therapies in HIV patients of low health literacy [see comments]: J Gen Intern Med. 1999 May;14(5):267-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271072; Kalichman SC; Ramachandran B; Catz S; Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of; Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To test the significance of health literacy relative to other predictors of adherence to treatment for HIV and AIDS. PARTICIPANTS: Community sample of HIV-seropositive men (n = 138) and women (n = 44) currently taking a triple-drug combination of antiretroviral therapies for HIV infection; 60% were ethnic m
Antibiotic and anti-infective agent use and administration in homecare.: J Intraven Nurs. 1998 Jan-Feb;21(1):50-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98176462; Barrio DJ; Homecare administration of intravenous antibiotics and anti-infectives is a rapidly growing service of the healthcare system. Knowledge of disease states that are amenable to homecare intravenous antibiotics includes those of long-term duration or deep-seated infections not suitable for oral therapy. Consideration of
Ultrasensitive immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay of HIV-1 p24 antigen with less serum interference using 2,4-dinitrophenyl-anti-HIV-1 p24 IgG and indirectly immobilized (anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl group) Fab.: J Clin Lab Anal. 1999;13(3):126-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99255057; Ishikawa S; Hashida S; Hashinaka K; Saito A; Takamizawa A; Shinagawa H; Ishikawa E; Department of Biochemistry, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake,; Japan.; In the immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay previously reported, the immune complex consisting of 2,4-dinitrophenyl-biotinyl-bovine serum albumin-affinity-purified rabbit anti-HIV-1 p24 Fab conjugate, HIV-1 p24 antigen and monoclonal mouse anti-HIV-1 p24 Fab -beta-D-galactosidase conjugate was trapped on polyst
The effects of zidovudine in the subset of infants infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076).: J Pediatr. 1999 Jun;134(6):717-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284693; McSherry GD; Shapiro DE; Coombs RW; McGrath N; Frenkel LM; Britto P; Culnane M; Sperling RS; Department of Pediatrics, UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark,; New Jersey, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To describe the effect of zidovudine on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and on the course of disease in infants who became infected while they and their mothers received zidovudine preventive therapy or placebo in Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076. STUDY DESIGN: Observational sub
Primary care for children with human immunodeficiency virus infection.: J Pediatr Health Care. 1998 Jan-Feb;12(1):10-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98176473; Butz AM; Joyner M; Friedman DG; Hutton N; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-3144, USA.; Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is now the seventh leading cause of death in U.S. children 1 to 14 years of age and the leading cause of death in children 2 to 5 years of age in many U.S. cities. The key to enhancing the quality and duration of life in HIV-infected children is to recognize and d
Proceedings of the Ares Serono Foundation Workshop on HIV-1 and Gametes. Siena, Italy, October 14-17, 1997.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):1-377. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99314180
Microscopic evidence against HIV-1 infection of germ cells or attachment to sperm.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):105-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228318; Pudney J; Nguyen H; Xu C; Anderson DJ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology,; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 02115, USA. djanderson@bics.bwh.harvard.edu; For a number of years we have intensively investigated the localization of HIV-1 in male genital tract tissues and secretions using a variety of microscopy techniques including immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization, in situ PCR and electron microscopy. Our studies have failed to demonstrate an association between
The case against an association between HIV-1 and sperm: molecular evidence.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):127-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228319; Quayle AJ; Xu C; Tucker L; Anderson DJ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology,; Brigham and Womens Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 02115, USA.; In this article we present data from our laboratory, and review the literature available, on the potential association between HIV-1 and sperm. We focus on the use of PCR technology to answer this very important question, and emphasise the importance of using highly purified sperm preparations. We conclude that the li
Localization of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) in the Kaposi's sarcoma tissues and the semen specimens of HIV-1 infected and uninfected individuals by utilizing in situ polymerase chain reaction.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):149-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228321; Bobroski L; Bagasra AU; Patel D; Saikumari P; Memoli M; Abbey MV; Wood C; Sosa C; Bagasra O; Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson; Medical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.; Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is a form of skin cancer, most commonly found in individuals suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or AIDS. However, before the worldwide infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the rare occurrence of KS was confined to two distinct groups of individuals. In the Western worl
Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus in semen: indications of a genetically distinct virus reservoir.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):161-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228322; Byrn RA; Kiessling AA; Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02139-4242, USA.; It is well established that HIV is found in semen, either as cell-free or cell associated virus, yet many questions remain about the source of the virus. A number of factors, including anatomic features of the male reproductive tract, the restricted access of the immune system to the germ cell compartment, and the res
HIV and germinal cells: how close an association?: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):17-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228312; Alexander NJ; Organon Inc., West Orange, NJ 07052, USA.; alexandn@am.father.umc.atzonobel.nl; Whether semen from someone who is HIV-positive can be prepared so that it is safe for insemination is a critical question particularly to couples in which the male is seropositive and the female is seronegative. It is reassuring that some investigators have reported great success in using sperm washing to dramatically
Use of PCR to measure HIV viral changes in drug-resistant genes in genital fluids.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):177-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228323; Merigan TC; Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research,; CA 94305-5107, USA.; Our group has been studying HIV in genital fluids for several years. Our first findings demonstrated that both RNA PCR and proviral DNA PCR could be utilized to quantify virus within seminal interstitial fluid and non-spermatozoa mononuclear cells, respectively. It became clear that these techniques were more sensitiv
CD4-independent utilization of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor by HIV-1 and HIV-2.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):197-211. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228325; Hoxie JA; LaBranche CC; Endres MJ; Turner JD; Berson JF; Doms RW; Matthews TJ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; 19104, USA. hoxie@mail.med.upenn.edu; HIV entry is mediated by an interaction between CD4 and members of the chemokine receptor family of proteins. It is likely that CD4 induces conformational changes in the viral envelope glycoproteins that facilitate a subsequent interaction with the chemokine receptor. To understand these events, variants of HIV-2 and
New insights into the interaction between the gp120 and the HIV receptor in human sperm (human.sperm/gp120/galactoglycerolipid/antigalactosylceramide/sem- inolip id/spermatogonia).: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):213-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228326; Brogi A; Presentini R; Moretti E; Strazza M; Piomboni P; Costantino-Ceccarini E; Istituto Biologia Generale, Universita Siena, Italy.; The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can infect some cell types which lack CD4. Galactosylceramide, a glycolipid present in the nervous system and colonic epithelial cells, has been implicated in the virus entry in these cells. Our data demonstrate that the HIV surface glycoprotein gp120 binds to the galactosyl-alky
Glycolipids as potential binding sites for HIV: topology in the sperm plasma membrane in relation to the regulation of membrane fusion.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):233-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228327; Gadella BM; Hammache D; Pieroni G; Colenbrander B; van Golde LM; Fantini J; Department of Herd Health and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary; Medicine, Graduate School of Animal Health, Utrecht University,; The Netherlands. B.Gadella@biochem.dgk.ruu.nl; Although human sperm cells can bind human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), they lack CD4, galactoceramides (GalCer) and sulfogalactoceramides (SGalCer) as gp120 receptors. However, sperm specific glycolipids (sulfogalactosylalkylacylglycerol (SGalAAG) and galactosylalkylacylglycerol (GalAAG)) are structurally closely r
Natural endogenous reverse transcription of HIV-1.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):255-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228328; Zhang H; Dornadula G; Pomerantz RJ; Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas; Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.; Mechanisms involved with human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) sexual transmission are not fully defined. We have demonstrated that endogenous reverse transcription of lenti-viruses can occur within the intact virion. This takes place before direct infection of the target cells. In a biochemically active process
The impact of HIV on a fertility problems clinic.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):261-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228329; Hargreave TB; Ghosh C; Fertility Problems Clinic, Department of Urology, Western General; Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.; This article describes the impact of the human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) on clinical infertility practice. HIV is responsible for acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and first became apparent in 1979, but was not fully recognised by clinicians and scientists until 1981. It is a new disease which now infects
Detection of HIV-1 in seminal plasma and seminal cells of HIV-1 seropositive men.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):27-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228313; Dulioust E; Tachet A; De Almeida M; Finkielsztejn L; Rivalland S; Salmon D; Sicard D; Rouzioux C; Jouannet P; Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, Hopital Cochin-Port; Royal, Paris, France.; It is of critical importance to precisely understand the modalities of HIV presence in semen, especially with regard to procreation. In this study, paired blood and semen samples from 31 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-positive men were assessed for cell-free HIV-RNA load in blood plasma (BP) and seminal p
Modulation of integrin function inhibits HIV transmission to epithelial cells and fertilization.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):271-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228330; Davidson JB; Douglas GC; Billings Pharmaceutical Company, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.; billings@ibm.net; Integrin-mediated adhesive interactions are viewed in the context of HIV transmission to susceptible cells and fertilization. The ability of a low-molecular-weight non-peptide integrin modulator to inhibit HIV infection (virus-to-cell and cell-to-cell) and sperm-egg fusion is demonstrated. It is concluded that integri
AIDS and reproductive health.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):3-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228311; Coggins C; Segal S; The Population Council, New York, NY 10017, USA.; ccoggins@popcouncil.org; Over 24 million adults worldwide have been infected with HIV. Primarily a sexually transmitted disease, AIDS is inexorably linked to reproductive health and care. Because HIV tends to infect those who are in their reproductive years, the impact of this disease on population growth and life expectancy is projected to b
Assisted conception in HIV discordant couples: evaluation of semen processing techniques in reducing HIV viral load.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):301-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228332; Chrystie IL; Mullen JE; Braude PR; Rowell P; Williams E; Elkington N; de Ruiter A; Rice K; Kennedy J; Department of Virology, Guy's Hospital Trust, London, UK.; Artificial insemination with motile spermatozoa prepared from HIV-infected men using standard procedures has been employed with many HIV-discordant couples. We have demonstrated that processing semen from HIV positive men can reduce HIV levels, measured as HIV1 RNA copies/ml using nucleic acid based sequence amplifica
CAT-transfected epithelial cells provide evidence for a CD4 independent pathway of HIV infection.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):307-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228333; Tan X; Phillips DM; The Population Council, New York, NY 10021, USA.; Several laboratories have presented evidence that HIV can productively infect CD4- cell lines. However, this data could be challenged on the basis that the target cells may express low levels of the CD4 receptor. In addition, it could be argued that assays might be detecting residual virus. In the case of cell-mediate
Transmission of HIV to the placenta, fetus and mother and implications of gametic infection.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):321-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228334; Douglas GC; Fazely F; Hu JJ; Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of; California, Davis 95616-8643, USA. gcdouglas@ucdavis.edu; Therapeutic interventions and public education are reducing pediatric AIDS cases in developed countries, but the number of HIV-infected women and children is still a major global concern. The finding that human sperm-associated HIV can be transmitted to oocytes following in vitro fertilization provides a novel viewpoi
Localization of Simian immunodeficiency virus-infected cells in the genital tract of male and female Rhesus macaques.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):331-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228335; Miller CJ; California Regional Primate Research Center, Department of; Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University; of California Davis, 95616, USA. cjmiller@ucdavis.edu; The SIV/Rhesus macaque model of HIV transmission has led to an increased understanding of the interactions between virus and host during the sexual transmission of HIV. SIV can be transmitted across the intact mucosa (stratified squamous epithelium) of the foreskin and glans of the penis of Rhesus macaques. SIV-infect
Horizontal transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus with semen from seropositive cats.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):341-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228336; Jordan HL; Howard JG; Bucci JG; Butterworth JL; English R; Kennedy-Stoskopf S; Tompkins MB; Tompkins WA; Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical; Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.; The AIDS virus of cat species, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), has been used extensively as an animal model of HIV-1 infection. This felid lentivirus shares many molecular and biochemical traits with HIV-1 and causes similar immunologic and clinical perturbations, most notably CD4+ cell loss, impaired cell-mediat
Sperm as infection-potentiating cofactors in HIV transmission.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):359-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228337; Scofield VL; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern; California, Los Angeles 90089-2031, USA.; In this paper I will discuss the possible role of sperm as cofactors in the genital-mucosal transmission of HIV. The ideas involved arose from my laboratory s discovery that sperm bind to HLA-DR molecules expressed on somatic cells, and from our subsequent findings that lymphocytes are activated by these interactions.
The debate on the presence of HIV-1 in human gametes.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):41-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228314; Baccetti B; Benedetto A; Collodel G; di Caro A; Garbuglia AR; Piomboni P; Institute of General Biology, University and Center for the Study; of Germinal Cells, CNR, Siena, Italy.; The debate about the presence of HIV-1 particles in human gametes and recent experimental results are reported in detail. Using immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization at electron microscopy level, polymerase chain reaction and in vitro fertilization, it has been demonstrated that human spermatozoa can incorporate
HIV in testis: quantitative histology and HIV localization in germ cells.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):69-79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228315; Shevchuk MM; Nuovo GJ; Khalife G; Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA.; The testes of AIDS patients invariably show decreased spermatogenesis and are atrophic. These testicular changes can be grouped into three categories: (1) spermatogenesis present, but decreased; (2) spermatogenic arrest at primary spermatocyte stage; and (3) Sertoli only (or almost Sertoli only). The purpose of this s
Testicular germ cells of HIV-seropositive asymptomatic men are infected by the virus.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):81-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228316; Muciaccia B; Filippini A; Ziparo E; Colelli F; Baroni CD; Stefanini M; Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, University of; Rome La Sapienza, Italy.; In situ PCR hybridization studies in the testis of infected asymptomatic subjects detected the presence of HIV-1 proviral DNA in the nuclei of germ cells at all stages of differentiation suggesting that HIV-seropositive men produce infected spermatozoa that are released in the genital tract. In all subjects studied sp
Expression of human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat-coupled genes in early cleaving embryos.: J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):95-104. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228317; Kiessling AA; Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center,; Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; akiessl@bidmc.harvard.edu; Early studies suggested that exogenous retroviral genes are not expressed by mouse embryos infected at early cleavage stages. The general view has therefore been that, since human eggs are non-dividing cells, they could not be infected with HIV before fertilization, nor would HIV be expressed if infection occurred dur
Changes in immune activation markers during pregnancy and postpartum.: J Reprod Immunol. 1999 Mar;42(2):147-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236926; Burns DN; Nourjah P; Wright DJ; Minkoff H; Landesman S; Rubinstein A; Goedert JJ; Nugent RP; Pediatric, Adolescent, and Maternal AIDS Branch, Center for; Research for Mothers and Children, National Institute of Child; Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892-7510, USA. db98d@nih.gov; Changes in CD4 + cell levels and other immune parameters have been reported to occur during pregnancy but the timing of these alterations and their relationship to changes in immune function have not been well characterized. In addition, the influence of sociodemographic, obstetric, and other covariates on these relat
Human serum beta2-microglobulin levels: correlation with total serum IgG and placental IgG transfer in HIV-infected and non-HIV infected individuals.: J Reprod Immunol. 1999 Mar;42(2):167-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236927; de Moraes-Pinto MI; Farhat CK; Fraser WD; Hart CA; Johnson PM; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics,; Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.; The acquisition of maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) is fundamental to the immune defence of the neonate. The receptor responsible for IgG transfer across the human placenta has also been implicated in the maintenance of IgG levels in the circulation. beta2-microglobulin is part of the Fc receptor (FcR) that has recentl
Serum levels of Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in Behcet's disease [letter]: J Rheumatol. 1999 Feb;26(2):510-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99137284; Mantas C; Direskeneli H; Eksioglu-Demiralp E; Akoglu T
Predominance of CD8+ T lymphocytes in psoriatic arthritis.: J Rheumatol. 1999 May;26(5):1117-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99263772; Costello P; Bresnihan B; O'Farrelly C; FitzGerald O; Department of Rheumatology and Education and Research Centre, St.; Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland.; OBJECTIVE: To characterize the synovial fluid (SF) derived T cell populations in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and compare with similar populations from rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Paired peripheral blood (PB) and SF samples were analyzed by 3 color flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD8, HLA-
Human immunodeficiency virus infection associated arthritis: clinical characteristics.: J Rheumatol. 1999 May;26(5):1158-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99263778; Berman A; Cahn P; Perez H; Spindler A; Lucero E; Paz S; Espinoza LR; Rheumatology Section, Louisiana State University Medical Center,; New Orleans, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To define the frequency and characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated arthritis. METHODS: A total of 270 patients with HIV infection were prospectively evaluated for the presence of rheumatic complaints. Diagnosis of HIV infection was performed by ELISA and confirmed by Western blot,
Does justice require genetic enhancements? [see comments]: J Med Ethics. 1999 Apr;25(2):137-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99243506; Holtug N; University of Copenhagen, Denmark.; It is argued that justice in some cases provides a pro tanto reason genetically to enhance victims of the genetic lottery. Various arguments--both to the effect that justice provides no such reason and to the effect that while there may be such reasons, they are overridden by certain moral constraints--are considered
Structural studies of the RNA pseudoknot required for readthrough of the gag-termination codon of murine leukemia virus.: J Mol Biol. 1999 May 21;288(5):837-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264408; Alam SL; Wills NM; Ingram JA; Atkins JF; Gesteland RF; University of Utah, 15 N. 2030 E. Room 6160, Salt Lake City, UT,; 84112-5330, USA.; Retroviruses, such as murine leukemia virus (MuLV), whose gag and pol genes are in the same reading frame but separated by a UAG stop codon, require that 5-10 % of ribosomes decode the UAG as an amino acid and continue translation to synthesize the Gag-Pol fusion polyprotein. A specific pseudoknot located eight nucleo
Feline viruses in wildcats from Scotland.: J Wildl Dis. 1999 Jan;35(1):121-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99173016; Daniels MJ; Golder MC; Jarrett O; MacDonald DW; Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology,; University of Oxford, UK.; Few data are available on the prevalence of feline viruses in European wildcats (Felis silvestris). Previous surveys have indicated that wildcats may be infected with the common viruses of domestic cats, apart from feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). In the present study, 50 wildcats trapped throughout Scotland (UK)
[Recent challenges and progress in AIDS therapy--emergence of drug resistant HIV-1 variants]: Rinsho Ketsueki. 1999 Apr;40(4):249-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283556; Mitsuya H
[Nontuberculous mycobacteriosis; the present status of epidemiology and clinical studies]: Kekkaku. 1999 Apr;74(4):377-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283651; Sakatani M; National Kinki-Central for Chest Diseases, Osaka, Japan.; In Japan , The Mycobacteriosis Research Group at the Japanese National Chest Hospitals has continuously made the clinico-epidemiological study of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) since early 1970s. The prevalence rate was determined as 0.82, 0.91, 1.22, 1.74 and 2.43 per 100,000
Intrathymic immunomodulation and the "infectious" tolerance pathway in allograft recipients.: J Surg Res. 1999 Jun 1;84(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269212; Reemtsen BL; Kato H; Wang TS; Busuttil RW; Kupiec-Weglinski JW; Goss JA; Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of; Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los; Angeles, California, 90095, USA.; BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that >75% of LEW cardiac allografts survive indefinitely in BUF rats pretreated at Day -21 intrathymically (IT) with donor alloantigen in conjunction with a single intravenous dose of ALS. Spleen cells can adoptively transfer the tolerant state to new cohorts of test recipients. Th
Primary effusion lymphoma after heart transplantation: a new entity associated with human herpesvirus-8.: Leukemia. 1999 May;13(5):664-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301404; Dotti G; Fiocchi R; Motta T; Facchinetti B; Chiodini B; Borleri GM; Gavazzeni G; Barbui T; Rambaldi A; Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Italy.; Deep immunosuppression and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection promote the emergence of lymphoproliferative disorders in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation. In the last few years a new herpesvirus, named human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), has been identified in Kaposi s sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL
Detection of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA by RT-PCR in ATL patients and HTLV-I infected cell lines: clinical features and apoptosis by NOS inhibitor.: Leukemia. 1999 May;13(5):713-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301411; Sonoki T; Matsuzaki H; Nagasaki A; Hata H; Yoshida M; Matsuoka M; Kuribayashi N; Kimura T; Harada N; Takatsuki K; Mitsuya H; Mori M; The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; School of Medicine, Japan.; Various tumors have been reported to express an inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nitric oxide (NO) may affect the clinicopathological features of these tumors. Previously, Burkitt s lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected cells were shown to express iNOS constitutively at a low level. We anal
Methylation analysis of the human multidrug resistance 1 gene in normal and leukemic hematopoietic cells.: Leukemia. 1999 Jun;13(6):910-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99287125; Fryxell KB; McGee SB; Simoneaux DK; Willman CL; Cornwell MM; Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer; Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.; Expression of the human multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1), which encodes the P-glycoprotein transmembrane efflux pump, has been associated with treatment failure of some leukemias, primarily acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To elucidate the epigenetic events associated with overexpression of MDR1 in AML, we analyzed the
Relevance of AIDS treatment with two nucleoside analogues alone [comment]: Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):1989-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303103; Weidle PJ; Mbidde E; Djomand G; Lackritz EM; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology,; National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for; Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Zidovudine, didanosine, and zalcitabine in the treatment of HIV infection: meta-analyses of the randomised evidence. HIV Trialists' Collaborative Group [see comments]: Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):2014-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303109; BACKGROUND: To assess the effects of zidovudine, didanosine, and zalcitabine on HIV disease progression and survival, we undertook meta-analyses of individual patient data and tabular data from all randomised trials that compared these agents. METHODS: Individual patient data were available for 7722 participants witho
Pneumocystis carinii genotypes and severity of pneumonia [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):2039-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303118; Miller RF; Wakefield AE
Analysis of HIV-1 clinical trials: statistical magic? The AVANTI Steering Committee.: Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):2061-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303127
Interaction between sildenafil and HIV-1 combination therapy [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):2071-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303138; Hall MC; Ahmad S
Pooch protease paunch [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):2078. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303155; Gill MJ; Ostrop NJ
AIDS Web Gallery straddles worlds of art and medicine.: Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):2079. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303156; Larkin M; MLEditor@aol.com
Rhinosinusitis and atopy in patients infected with HIV.: Laryngoscope. 1999 Jun;109(6):939-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295961; Garcia-Rodriguez JF; Corominas M; Fernandez-Viladrich P; Monfort JL; Dicenta M; Department of Otolaryngology, Ciutat Sanitaria i Universitaria; de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Spain.; mcorominas@csub.scs.es; HYPOTHESIS: Rhinosinusitis is common during HIV infection; its prevalence is uncertain and could probably be related to clinical features, immunoallergological status, and diagnostic criteria METHODS: Seventy-four patients hospitalized with HIV infection were prospectively evaluated for the presence of rhinosinusitis
A review of the literature on prevention of early vertical transmission of the HIV virus.: Midwifery. 1997 Dec;13(4):216-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98172680; Vials JM; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Wolverhampton,; Russels Hall Hospital, Dudley, West Midlands, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on early vertical transmission of the HIV virus and its possible prevention. METHOD: Databases were searched using the keywords HIV, AIDS, HIV transmission, vertical transmission, HIV pregnancy, HIV newborn, AIDS paediatric, HIV paediatric, HIV maternal, maternal immunity, HIV diagn
Association of the interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain with p47phox, an activator of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase in B cells.: Mol Immunol. 1999 Jan;36(1):45-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296093; Izuhara K; Arinobu Y; Sumimoto H; Nunoi H; Takeya R; Higuchi K; Takeshige K; Hamasaki N; Harada N; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty; of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.; kizuhara@cclm.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp; Interleukin (IL)-4 plays an important role in IgE synthesis in B cells and in Th2 differentiation in T cells. IL-4 conducts its biological activities through binding to the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) on the surface of target cells. IL-4R are thought to be composed of the IL-4R alpha chain (IL-4R alpha) and either the IL-2R
Modelling T-cell memory by genetic marking of memory T cells in vivo [see comments]: Nature. 1999 Jun 10;399(6736):593-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303094; Jacob J; Baltimore D; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,; Cambridge 02139, USA.; Immunological memory is the ability of the immune system to respond with enhanced vigour to pathogens that have been encountered in the past. Following infection or immunization, most effector T cells undergo apoptotic cell death, but a small fraction of these cells, proportional to the early antigen load and initial
Images in nephrology. Interstitial nephritis and nephrotic syndrome in a patient from Zambia.: Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999 Apr;14(4):1016-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259048; de Blok K; Weening JJ; Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Academic Medical; Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Update from the 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections [news]: Nurse Pract. 1999 Apr;24(4):117-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99251000; Klaus BD; Grodesky MJ
HIV and HCV [letter]: Nurse Pract. 1999 Apr;24(4):16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99250991; Geiger D
Health advice given by general practitioners for travellers from New Zealand.: N Z Med J. 1999 May 14;112(1087):158-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305156; Leggat PA; Heydon JL; Menon A; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook; University, Townsville, Australia. Peter.Leggat@jcu.edu.au; AIMS: To investigate where general practitioners (GP s) in New Zealand view travel health advice best given and where they refer for this advice, the prevalence of travel health advice reported to be given, and the prevalence of written advice, including a doctor s letter. METH
The Bcl-3 oncoprotein acts as a bridging factor between NF-kappaB/Rel and nuclear co-regulators.: Oncogene. 1999 Jun 3;18(22):3316-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289198; Dechend R; Hirano F; Lehmann K; Heissmeyer V; Ansieau S; Wulczyn FG; Scheidereit C; Leutz A; Max-Delbruck-Center for Molecular Medicine MDC, Berlin.; The proto-oncoprotein Bcl-3 is a member of the IkappaB family and is present predominantly in the nucleus. To gain insight into specific nuclear functions of Bcl-3 we have isolated proteins that interact with its ankyrin repeat domain. Using the yeast two-hybrid-system we identified four novel binding partners of Bcl-
Painful and painless peripheral sensory neuropathies due to HIV infection: a comparison using quantitative sensory evaluation.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99219433; Bouhassira D; Attal N; Willer JC; Brasseur L; Unite d'Evaluation et de Traitement de la Douleur, Hopital; Ambroise Pare, Paris, France. bouhassira@broca.inserm.fr; In order to characterize further, sensory disorders due to HIV-induced distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN), we compared quantitative sensory testing (QST) and electrodiagnostic parameters in patients presenting with painful or painless DSPN. Forty HIV patients with DSPN were studied and compared with ten seronega
The effect of breast feeding on lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy term infants at 6 months of age.: Pediatr Res. 1999 May;45(5 Pt 1):648-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99248640; Hawkes JS; Neumann MA; Gibson RA; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Flinders University; of South Australia, Bedford Park, Australia.; Breast milk contains many immunologically active components that influence the development of the immune system of the breast-fed infant. The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in specific lymphocyte subsets between breast-fed and formula-fed 6-mo-old infants. Peripheral blood samples were collect
Computerized information and support for patients with breast cancer or HIV infection.: Nurs Outlook. 1999 Mar-Apr;47(2):78-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99243621; Rolnick SJ; Owens B; Botta R; Sathe L; Hawkins R; Cooper L; Kelley M; Gustafson D; HealthPartners Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
[Oxidation mechanisms and anti-oxidation in HIV infected patients--effect on disease progression]: Postepy Hig Med Dosw. 1999;53(1):43-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99280812; Jaruga P; Zaklad Biochemii Klinicznej, Akademii Medycznej, Bydgoszczy.; Recently it has been proposed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in pathogenesis of many human diseases. An elevated level of these molecules causes oxidative stress and is toxic for living cells. Oxidative stress is the reason of many damages of cellular structures, as result of free radical reactions wi
In situ determination of delavirdine mesylate particle size in solid oral dosage forms.: Pharm Res. 1999 Apr;16(4):545-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242269; White JG; Pharmaceutical Development, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo,; Michigan 49001, USA. jackie.g.white@am.pnu.com; PURPOSE: The in-situ particle size of delavirdine mesylate in dry mix and tablets was determined. METHODS: Optical microscopy and fluorescence microscopy combined with image analysis were used for qualitative and quantitative measurements. RESULTS: Us
Genetic control and dynamics of the cellular immune response to the human T-cell leukaemia virus, HTLV-I.: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1999 Apr 29;354(1384):691-700. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293729; Bangham CR; Hall SE; Jeffery KJ; Vine AM; Witkover A; Nowak MA; Wodarz D; Usuku K; Osame M; Department of Immunology, Imperial College School of Medicine,; London, UK. c.bangham@ic.ac.uk; About 1% of people infected with the human T-cell leukaemia virus, type 1 (HTLV-I) develop a disabling chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system known as HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Patients with HAM/TSP have a vigorous immune response to HTLV-I, and it has bee
The epidemiology of pneumococcal infection in children in the developing world.: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1999 Apr 29;354(1384):777-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293737; Greenwood B; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of; Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.; Pneumonia causes about three million deaths a year in young children, nearly all of which are in developing countries. Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is the most important bacterial cause of pneumonia in young children and so is likely to be responsible for a high proportion of these deaths. The pneumococ
HIV-risk behaviour and knowledge about HIV/AIDS among patients with schizophrenia.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99174923; Grassi L; Pavanati M; Cardelli R; Ferri S; Peron L; BACKGROUND: Recent literature has demonstrated that psychiatric patients, particularly those with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, may be at high risk for HIV infection. In fact, HIV-risk behaviour, such as intravenous drug with sharing needles, promiscuity associated with unprotected sex and high-risk sexual activity af
[Factors associated with survival in Kaposi's sarcoma in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical Epidemiological Group for AIDS in Aquitaine]: Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1999 Apr;47(2):109-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295374; Cazorla C; Dabis F; Dupon M; Ragnaud JM; Geniaux M; Pellegrin JL; Salmi LR; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Departement des maladies; infectieuses, Hopital Pellegrin, Bordeaux.; BACKGROUND: To study behavioral risk factors of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) among HIV infected homosexuals in Bordeaux, southwest France . METHODS: A case-control study was performed within the Aquitaine Cohort. Cases of KS surviving in 1995 and homosexuals were systematically enrolled. F
Timing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission from mother to child: bayesian estimation using a mixture.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259513; Chouquet C; Richardson S; Burgard M; Blanche S; Mayaux MJ; Rouzioux C; Costagliola D; INSERM Service Commun n(0) 4, Institut Federatif Saint-Antoine; de Recherche sur la Sante (ISARS), Paris, France.; chouquet@b3e.jussieu.fr; The timing of mother-to-child HIV transmission is not directly observable but influences the infected child s viral and immune status in the neonatal period. A hierarchical model was developed in a Bayesian framework to back-calculate the timing of HIV-1 transmission from mother to child from the virological and imm
[Early decline in an epidemic: evolution of the prevalences of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and aminotransferases in intravenous drug abusers in Strasbourg between 1980 and 1990]: Rev Med Suisse Romande. 1999 Apr;119(4):329-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289821; Will T; Division d'abus de substances, Villa les Crets, Geneve.; will-thomas@diogenes.hcuge.ch; OBJECTIVE: In order to study the prevalence of hepatitis B and C as well as HIV virus and disruptive factors of aminotransferase enzyme among intravenous drug users. METHOD: We conducted retrospective study of 169 patients who were hospitalised in a clinic where they were weaned from drug use between 1980 and 1990. RE
[Mercury pulmonary embolism. Two case reports]: Rev Pneumol Clin. 1999 Mar;55(1):43-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295392; Papadopoulos C; Vasile N; Richard JP; Renard JL; Departement Pneumologie, Hopital de Villiers Saint-Denis.; Mercury pulmonary embolism following intentional or accidental injection of metallic mercury are uncommon. Generally, there are few clinical signs (acute pneumopathy in 50% of the cases). Chest x-ray shows multiple and bilateral point opacities with a metallic density. We present two cases of mercury pulmonary embolis
[The risk of needle punctures for health personnel]: Riv Inferm. 1997 Oct-Dec;16(4):234-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98171817; Di Giulio P; Rivista dell'infermiere, Istituto Mario Negri, Milano.
[Preventing AIDS is everyone's business (editorial)]: Rev Enferm. 1997 Nov;20(231):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98113059
[AIDS: nursing care, new perspectives]: Rev Enferm. 1998 Jan;21(233):23-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98196065; Faura T; Pont M; Mallolas J; Gatell JM; Hospital Clinico de Barcelona.; OBJECTIVES: To revise the recent changes which have occurred in the diagnosis of, clinical stay for, and treatment of AIDS and their repercussions in nursing care. 1997 was characterized by the clear dominance of new advances in combined therapy using antiretorvirus drugs, by the possibility to measure the degree and
Relationship between CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio and T cell activation in systemic lupus erythematosus.: Scand J Rheumatol. 1999;28(3):166-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99308546; Maeda N; Sekigawa I; Iida N; Matsumoto M; Hashimoto H; Hirose S; Department of Medicine, Juntendo University Izu-Nagaoka Hospital,; Shizuoka, Japan.; We investigated the relationship between the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells (CD4/CD8 ratio) and T cell activation, indicated by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We found that the ratio was decreased in SLE patients and that this was significantly related
Lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract.: Semin Oncol. 1999 Jun;26(3):324-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301625; Crump M; Gospodarowicz M; Shepherd FA; Department of Medicine, The Toronto Hospital, and University of; Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract accounts for 4% to 20% of all NHLs and is the most common extranodal site of presentation. The stomach is the major organ involved by GI lymphoma. Helicobacter pylori infection, immunosuppression after solid-organ transplantation, celiac disease, inflamma
Sexual practices and prevalence of HIV, HTLV-I/II, and Treponema pallidum among clandestine female sex workers in Lima, Peru.: Sex Transm Dis. 1999 Feb;26(2):115-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99154255; Trujillo L; Munoz D; Gotuzzo E; Yi A; Watts DM; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Alexander von Humboldt; Universidad Peruana Cayetano, Heredia, Lima, Peru.; BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A survey was conducted to determine the sexual behavior practices and prevalence of HIV-1, HTLV-I/II, and T. pallidum infections among unlicensed female sex workers (FSWs) in Lima, Peru . GOAL OF THIS STUDY
Herpes in the time of AIDS: a comparison of the epidemiology of HIV-1 and HSV-2 in young men in northern Thailand.: Sex Transm Dis. 1999 Feb;26(2):67-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99154246; Dobbins JG; Mastro TD; Nopkesorn T; Sangkharomya S; Limpakarnjanarat K; Weniger BG; Schmid DS; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,; USA.; OBJECTIVES: To compare the epidemiologic pattern of HIV-1, a recently introduced sexually transmitted disease (STD) agent in Thailand , with the pattern of HSV-2, a well-established STD agent, so that future trends for both viruses can be better understood. METHODS: We obtained qu
Induction of HLA-G-specific human CD8+ T cell lines by stimulation across a polymorphism of HLA-G.: Transplant Proc. 1999 Jun;31(4):1860-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99300562; Horuzsko A; Portik-Dobos V; Hansen KA; Markowitz RB; Helman SW; Mellor AL; Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of; Georgia, Augusta 30912, USA.
[New data on acid-labile alpha-interferon]: Vopr Virusol. 1999 Mar-Apr;44(2):52-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286948; Shcheglovitova ON; Reviews the information on the new concepts about the composition and properties of abnormal alpha-interferon-alpha-acid-labile interferon (alpha-ALI) detected in the blood of patients with AIDS, autoimmune, and other diseases. alpha-ALI includes alpha- and gamma-interferon which is responsible for acid lability. Incr
Improving community care for persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Jamaica.: West Indian Med J. 1998 Dec;47 Suppl 4:37-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297005; Bain BC; Department of Community Health and Psychiatry, University of the; West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.; A brief review of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Jamaica is presented along with the details of a pilot programme aimed at training lay persons and practical nurses to assist with home care of persons with AIDS. Current (1997) estimates are that 2 to 4/1,000 Jamaican adults are HIV posi
Processing and routage of HIV glycoproteins by furin to the cell surface.: Virus Res. 1999 Mar;60(1):55-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239780; Moulard M; Hallenberger S; Garten W; Klenk HD; Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Marseille, France.; mmoulard@scripps.edu; Proteolytic activation of HIV-1 and HIV-2 envelope glycoprotein precursors (gp160 and gp140, respectively) occurs at the carboxyl side of a consensus motif consisting of the highly basic amino acid sequence. We have shown previously (Hallenberger et al., 1997) and confirmed in this report, that furin and PC7 can be co
Active site of trichosanthin acting as a ribosome-inactivating protein.: Chung Kuo Yao Li Hsueh Pao. 1997 Sep;18(5):447-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99256249; Xi ZD; Ma BL; Yang LM; Cao HN; Wang M; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Second Medical; University, China.; AIM: To localize the active site of ribosome inactivation of trichosanthin (Tri), a Chinese herb protein. METHODS: Hydroxylamine was used to specifically cleave the unique Asn-Gly peptide bond of Tri. Preparative SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was applied to get 2 cleaved fragments, HATf1 and HATf2. Western bl
[A case of AIDS complicated by progressive outer retinal necrosis]: Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 1999 Feb;103(2):137-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99189623; Shimakawa M; Sato N; Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University,; School of Medicine, Japan.; BACKGROUND: The retina may be involved in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN) is a liability. CASE: A 46-year-old female had repeated exacerbations of pulmonary tuberculosis since two years before. Herpes zoster developed in her right trigeminal nerve area
Thymocyte development in male fetal alcohol-exposed rats.: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1999 Mar;23(3):465-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99210194; Taylor AN; Tio DL; Chiappelli F; Department of Neurobiology and Brain Research Institute,; University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine,; 90095-1763, USA. ataylor@mednet.ucla.edu; We previously reported altered responses of thymocytes to mitogen stimulation after fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) in prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of FAE on the developmental pattern of thymocyte subsets. In the first experiment, we found that the proportion o
Ethanol inhibits lung clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by a neutrophil and nitric oxide-dependent mechanism, in vivo.: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1999 Apr;23(4):735-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99249390; Greenberg SS; Zhao X; Hua L; Wang JF; Nelson S; Ouyang J; Alcohol Research Center, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State; University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112, USA.; sgreen1@lsumc.edu; Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen that can be found in individuals in which the immune system has been suppressed by HIV/AIDS or chronic alcoholism. We evaluated the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS II) as a modulator of lung concentrations of P. aeruginosa in normal rats
Relationship between radical intensity and biological activity of cacao husk extracts.: Anticancer Res. 1999 Mar-Apr;19(2A):1125-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297044; Motohashi N; Kawase M; Kurihara T; Shirataki Y; Kamata K; Nakashima H; Premanathan M; Arakaki R; Kanbara K; Satoh K; Sakagami H; Saito S; Nakamura T; Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan.; motohasi@my-pharm.ac.jp; The relationship between radical intensity and biological activity of cacao husk extracts was investigated. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy demonstrated that the radical intensity of hexane, acetone, methanol and 70% methanol extracts increased with water-solubility. Several fractions of these husk extracts
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes: CD8+ lymphocytes in canine transmissible venereal sarcomas at different stages of tumor growth.: Anticancer Res. 1999 Mar-Apr;19(2A):1137-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297046; Barber MR; Yang TJ; Department of Pathobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs; 06269-3089, USA.; This study utilized an in vivo tumor system (canine transmissible venereal sarcoma, CTVS) to assess wh correlation exists between tumor growth stage and phenotype of infiltrating lymphocytes. Additionally, the ability of CTVS cells to produce chemoattractants for canine lymphocytes was assessed. The CD8 subset of tumo
Androgen therapy in AIDS wasting.: Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Oct;12(3):379-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264964; Dobs AS; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.; Hypogonadism in HIV-infected men has been well described, having a prevalence of about 30%. Its aetiology is a combination of non-specific changes from chronic and acute illness, and specific effects due to HIV infection. A depressed serum testosterone level has been associated with viral or infectious invasion of the
Production of type 2 cytokines by CD8+ lung cells is associated with greater decline in pulmonary function in patients with systemic sclerosis.: Arthritis Rheum. 1999 Jun;42(6):1168-78. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99292231; Atamas SP; Yurovsky VV; Wise R; Wigley FM; Goter Robinson CJ; Henry P; Alms WJ; White B; University of Maryland School of Medicine, and Veterans Affairs; Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore 21201, USA.; OBJECTIVE: This study addresses the hypothesis that a profibrotic pattern of cytokines is produced in the lungs of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and causes fibrosis. METHODS: Using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) messenge
A risk and benefit assessment of treatment for AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.: Drug Saf. 1999 May;20(5):403-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99275848; Nasti G; Errante D; Santarossa S; Vaccher E; Tirelli U; Division of Medical Oncology and AIDS, Centro di Riferimento; Oncologico, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy.; Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common malignancy observed in patients with HIV-1 infection, and causes considerable morbidity and, when the lungs are involved, mortality. Therapy should be based on an evaluation of prognostic factors, in particular the extent and rate of tumour growth, patient symptoms, immune system co
Ovalbumin (OVA) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli cooperatively polarize anti-OVA T-helper (Th) cells toward a Th1-dominant phenotype and ameliorate murine tracheal eosinophilia.: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1999 Jun;20(6):1260-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99272467; Sano K; Haneda K; Tamura G; Shirato K; First Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School; of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. sano@int1.med.tohoku.ac.jp; A recent increase in allergic disorders has coincided with a decrease in infections, including tuberculosis. Although an inverse association between tuberculin responses and atopic disorders was reported, it was not known how T-helper (Th)1-biased immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis influenced Th2-dominant
Host genes and infectious diseases. HIV, other pathogens, and a public health perspective.: Am J Prev Med. 1999 Feb;16(2):141-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99275359; McNicholl JM; Cuenco KT; Division of AIDS, STD and TB Laboratory Research, CDC, Atlanta,; GA, USA.; INTRODUCTION: The global impact of infectious diseases is tremendous. In 1996, the 17 million deaths from infectious diseases accounted for one third of all deaths worldwide, while the acute and chronic morbidity from infectious diseases adds an additional great burden on global health. Multiple factors, host and nonh
Drug reactions to contrimoxazole in HIV infection: possibly not due to the hydroxylamine metabolites of sulphamethoxazole [letter]: Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 May;47(5):571-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99320781; ter Hofstede HJ; van der Ven AJ; Koopmans PP
The human herpesvirus-type 8 is not involved in malignant melanoma.: Br J Cancer. 1999 Apr;80(1-2):67-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316867; Deichmann M; Thome M; Bock M; Jackel A; Waldmann V; Naher H; Universitats-Hautklinik Heidelberg, Germany.; Malignant melanomas were supposed to harbour the human herpesvirus-type 8 (HHV-8) genome, as melanoma cells were reported to express interleukin-6 and a homologue of interleukin-6 was found in the HHV-8 genome. We therefore investigated 33 primary malignant melanomas by polymerase chain reaction, but could not find th
Swainsonine protects both murine and human haematopoietic systems from chemotherapeutic toxicity.: Br J Cancer. 1999 Apr;80(1-2):87-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316871; Klein JL; Roberts JD; George MD; Kurtzberg J; Breton P; Chermann JC; Olden K; Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of; Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health,; Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.; The haematopoietic system is sensitive to cytotoxic damage and is often the site of dose-limiting toxicity. We previously reported that swainsonine, an inhibitor of protein glycosylation, reduced the bone marrow toxicity resulting from a single dose of anticancer drugs in otherwise healthy mice. However, more importan
Partner violence and sexual HIV-risk behaviors among women in an inner-city emergency department.: Violence Vict. 1998 Winter;13(4):377-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99258997; El-Bassel N; Gilbert L; Krishnan S; Schilling R; Gaeta T; Purpura S; Witte SS; Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY 10021,; USA.; This study examines the relationship between partner violence and sexual risk behaviors in a sample of predominantly Latina and African American women who sought medical care from a New York City hospital emergency department. Eligibility criteria selected women between the ages of 18 and 55, who were sexually active
Proximity of a Tat peptide to the HIV-1 TAR RNA loop region determined by site-specific photo-cross-linking.: Bioconjug Chem. 1999 May-Jun;10(3):512-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99278170; Wang Z; Huq I; Rana TM; Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical; School-UMDNJ, and Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program at; Rutgers University, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,; USA.; Transcriptional regulation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires specific interactions of Tat protein with the trans-activation responsive region (TAR) RNA, a 59-base stem-loop structure located at the 5 -ends of all HIV-1 mRNAs. We have used a site-specific cross-linking method based on 4-thio-uraci
Prevention of hepatitis B flare-up during chemotherapy using lamivudine: case report and review of the literature.: Ann Hematol. 1999 May;78(5):247-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99317991; Al-Taie OH; Mork H; Gassel AM; Wilhelm M; Weissbrich B; Scheurlen M; Medizinische Poliklinik der Julius-Maximilians Universitat,; Wurzburg, Germany. al-taie.medpoli@mail.uni-wuerzburg.de; Reactivation of chronic hepatitis B in patients receiving cytotoxic treatment for non-Hodgkin s lymphoma is well documented. We report a case of a patient with chronic hepatitis B who was treated by chemotherapy because of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma. After the second cycle of chemother
[Antiretroviral treatment in 1999: from uncertainty to hopefulness (editorial)]: An Med Interna. 1999 May;16(5):215-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99317535; Pujol de la Llave E
[Clinical and immuno-virologic efficacy of the expanded access use of protease inhibitors for HIV-1 advanced disease]: An Med Interna. 1999 May;16(5):218-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99317536; Gomez-Vera J; De Alarcon A; Viciana P; Del Nozal Nalda M; Cordero E; Rodriguez-Hernandez MJ; Pachon J; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario; Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla.; OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and tolerance of additive therapy with protease inhibitors (PI) in patients with advanced HIV infection previously treated with retro-transcriptase inhibitors (RTI). METHODS: Eighty patients with prior antiretroviral therapy with R
[Survival of patients with AIDS treated with protease inhibitors]: An Med Interna. 1999 May;16(5):225-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99317537; Martinez Aviles P; Berbegal Serra J; Lopez Benito I; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Marina Alta,; Denia, Alicante.; OBJECTIVE: Make a volarization of the effect on survival of the protease inhibitors used on patients with established-AIDS. METHODS: Retrospective study on patients diagnosed of AIDS between January 1989 and March 1998. The main objective is the time between diagnos
[Deep venous thrombosis of inferior extremity in a patient with AIDS and anticardiolipin antibodies (letter)]: An Med Interna. 1999 May;16(5):268. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99317553; Orbea Rios L; Venero Gomez J; Justo Alpanes E; Colmenero Camacho M; Rodriguez Pinero J
Pooled human immunoglobulin inhibits IL-4 but not IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha secretion following in vitro stimulation of mononuclear cells with Staphylococcal superantigen.: Cytokine. 1999 May;11(5):359-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262231; Campbell DE; Georgiou GM; Kemp AS; Department of Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne,; Australia.; Intravenous immunoglobulin preparations have been successfully used in many disorders, where immunomodulation rather than immunoglobulin replacement has been the goal of therapy. The exact mechanisms by which immunoglobulin exerts its immunomodulatory effects are unclear. Proposed mechanisms include modification of T
T lymphocyte cytokine profile at a single cell level in alveolar Echinococcosis.: Cytokine. 1999 May;11(5):373-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262233; Kilwinski J; Jenne L; Jellen-Ritter A; Radloff P; Flick W; Kern P; Section of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology,; University Hospital and Medical Clinic of Ulm, Germany.; The metacestode Echinococcus multilocularis causes a life-threatening disease in humans, named alveolar echinococcosis (AE). A comparative analysis of the early activation marker CD69 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with AE and healthy controls after in vitro culture with crude E. multilocular
MuERVC: a new family of murine retrovirus-related repetitive sequences and its relationship to previously known families.: Mamm Genome. 1999 May;10(5):477-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269915; Zhao Y; Jacobs CP; Wang L; Hardies SC; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science; Center at San Antonio 78284-7760, USA.; Characterization of a new murine endogenous retrovirus-related sequence named MuERVC-C105 is reported. This sequence was found to be most similar to the murine leukemia C-type retroviruses and to murine defective endogenous retrovirus-like families MuRRS and MuRVY, although MuERVC-C105 has a novel LTR. MuERVC-C105, li
[Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS. Gancilovir implantation in comparison with systemic therapy]: Ophthalmologe. 1999 Jan;96(1):11-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99166300; Fuchs AV; Wolf E; Scheider A; Jager H; Kampik A; Augenklinik, Klinikum Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat; Munchen.; INTRODUCTION: Untreated CMV retinitis with AIDS leads to blindness; therefore, a life-long virostatic treatment is required. It can either be administered systemically or locally, as there are different advantages and disadvantages. When treating patients we aim
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy for diagnosis of pulmonary lesions in advanced HIV infection.: J Formos Med Assoc. 1999 Mar;98(3):195-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293873; Hung CC; Chen MY; Kuo PH; Hsieh SM; Sheng WH; Yang PC; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University; Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Pulmonary diseases remain the most common complication associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Invasive diagnostic procedures are often needed to establish a specific diagnosis of pulmonary disease. We report our experience with ultrasound (US)-guided
CD8+ cytotoxic T cell repertoire implicated in grafts-versus-leukemia effect in a murine bone marrow transplantation model.: Bone Marrow Transplant. 1999 May;23(9):951-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99268375; de La Selle V; Riche N; Dorothe G; Bruley-Rosset M; Unite INSERM 267, Villejuif, France.; In our model of murine BMT, the lethal GVHD which develops against DBA/2 host incompatible minor histocompatibility antigens (mHAgs) can be prevented by donor preimmunization before grafting. Recipient mice become long survivors (LS mice) and tolerant to host mHAgs. However, a GVL effect is preserved and mediated by C
Evaluation of immunomodulatory effects of nisin-containing diets on mice.: FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 1999 May;24(1):35-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99270535; de Pablo MA; Gaforio JJ; Gallego AM; Ortega E; Galvez AM; Alvarez de Cienfuegos Lopez G; University of Jaen, Department of Health Sciences, Spain.; mapablo@ujaen.es; The effect of nisin on the immune response of mice was studied. Nisin (in the form of the commercial preparation Nisaplin) was incorporated in the diet of experimental mice which were fed for 30, 75 or 100 days. Short-term administration of diets containing Nisaplin induced an increase of both CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocyte
The Italian AIPO study on tuberculosis treatment results, report 1995. National AIPO "Tuberculosis" Study Group.: Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 1999 Feb;54(1):49-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99234995; Ambrosetti M; Besozzi G; Codecasa LR; Farris B; Nutini S; Saini L; Casali L; Nardini S; Migliori GB; Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Clinica del Lavoro e della; Riabilitazione, Care and Research Institute, Tradate, Italy.; In Italy , no national data on tuberculosis (TB) treatment results were available. In 1995, the AIPO (Italian Association of Hospital Pneumologists) TB Study Group, in collaboration with the Istituto Superiore di Sanita (technical branch of the Ministry of Health), started a prospect
Adaptive recognition in RNA complexes with peptides and protein modules.: Curr Opin Struct Biol. 1999 Feb;9(1):74-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99158926; Patel DJ; Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial; Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.; pateld@mskcc.org; Recently, progress has been made towards the structural characterization of the novel folds of RNA-bound arginine-rich peptides and the architecture of their peptide-binding RNA pockets in viral and phage systems. These studies are based on an approach whereby the peptide and RNA components are minimalist modular doma
Gender differences at admission and follow-up in a sample of methadone maintenance clients.: Subst Use Misuse. 1999 Jun;34(8):1137-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285721; Chatham LR; Hiller ML; Rowan-Szal GA; Joe GW; Simpson DD; Institute of Behavioral Research, Texas Christian University,; Fort Worth 76129, USA. ibr@tcu.edu; Although one-third of clients enrolled in methadone treatment in the United States are female, few studies have looked at gender differences at admission and follow-up. Using interview data from 435 clients (31% female) collected at admission and approximately 1 year after discharge, f
Length variation of helix III in a hammerhead ribozyme and its influence on cleavage activity.: Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 1999 Feb;9(1):25-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99206504; Hammann C; Martinez E; Moosbauer J; Hormes R; Tabler M; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for; Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion Crete, Greece.; The previously described HIV-1 directed hammerhead ribozyme 2as-Rz12 can form with its target RNA 2s helices I and III of 128 and 278 base pairs (bp). A series of derivatives was made in which helix III was truncated to 8, 5, 4, 3, and 2 nucleotides (nt). These asymmetric hammerhead ribozymes were tested for in vitro
The antisense sequence of the HIV-1 TAR stem-loop structure covalently linked to the hairpin ribozyme enhances its catalytic activity against two artificial substrates.: Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 1999 Feb;9(1):33-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99206505; Perez-Ruiz M; Sievers D; Garcia-Lopez PA; Berzal-Herranz A; Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra CSIC,; Granada, Spain.; This work is an in vitro study of the efficiency of catalytic antisense RNAs whose catalytic domain is the wild-type sequence of the hairpin ribozyme, derived from the minus strand of the tobacco ringspot virus satellite RNA. The sequence in the target RNA recognized by the antisense molecule was the stem-loop structu
Mutant chemokine receptor (CCR-5) and its relevance to HIV infection in Arabs [letter]: Emerg Infect Dis. 1999 Jan-Feb;5(1):183-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99181536; al-Sheikh IH; Rahi A; al-Khalifa M
Dual and recombinant infections: an integral part of the HIV-1 epidemic in Brazil.: Emerg Infect Dis. 1999 Jan-Feb;5(1):65-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99181514; Ramos A; Tanuri A; Schechter M; Rayfield MA; Hu DJ; Cabral MC; Bandea CI; Baggs J; Pieniazek D; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,; USA.; We systematically evaluated multiple and recombinant infections in an HIV-infected population selected for vaccine trials. Seventy-nine HIV-1 infected persons in a clinical cohort study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil , were evaluated for 1 year. A combination of molecular screening assay
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the Federal Republic of Germany in the era of changing antiretroviral therapy - IDKF 13 -. German AIDS Study Group (GASG/IdKF).: Eur J Med Res. 1999 Apr 27;4(4):131-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99223621; Stoehr A; Arasteh K; Staszewski S; Brockmeyer N; Albrecht H; Mertenskotter T; Jablonowski H; Emminger C; Rockstroh JK; Baumgarten R; Bogner J; Loch T; Plettenberg A; Infektionsambulanz und Tagesklinik, AK. St. Georg, Lohmuhlenstr.; 5, D-20099 Hamburg, Germany. adstoehr@AOL.com; BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is one of the most common AIDS defining diagnoses. METHODS: In a prospective observational trial all cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) were evaluated. Patients with and without PCP-prophylaxis were compared for symptoms, efficacy, side effects and mortality
[Sequence analysis on HIV1 env V3 rigion from HIV1 infected intravenous drug users in Ruili city, Yunnan]: Chung Hua Liu Hsing Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1998 Oct;19(5):297-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99256001; Wang B; Lu X; Lu Y; Department of Molecular Virology, Medical College of Qingdao; University.; To study the molecular-epidemiologic features of HIV1 epidemic strains from intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in Yunnan, nested primers polymerase chain reaction was developed for the amplification of env gene V3 fragment of HIV1 strains. DNA sequencing and analysis were performed with these fragments. Results showed tha
Role of endoscopy in the investigation of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in HIV-infected patients.: Can J Gastroenterol. 1999 May;13(4):305-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289635; Wilcox CM; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and; Hepatology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-0007,; USA. mel_wilcox@gihep.uab.edu; Endoscopy plays a pivotal role in the management of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), because tissue documentation of opportunistic processes is often necessary to establish a definitive diagnosis. With progression of immunodeficiency, endoscopy becomes more important because the predisposit
Efficacy of an unsupervised ambulatory treatment regimen for smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous pleural effusion in Malawi.: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1999 May;3(5):402-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99260572; Harries AD; Nyangulu DS; Banda H; Kang'ombe C; Van der Paal L; Glynn JR; Subramanyam VR; Wirima JJ; Salaniponi FM; Maher D; Nunn P; College of Medicine, Chichiri, Blantyre, Malawi.; SETTING: Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, and Zomba Central Hospital, Zomba, Malawi . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate treatment outcome of unsupervised ambulatory treatment (2R3H3Z3/2TH[EH]/4H) in Blantyre and standard treatment (1STH[SEH]/11TH[EH]) in Zomba in human immunodefic
Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Sardinia: a comparison of two data-gathering methods.: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1999 May;3(5):409-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99260573; Ginesu F; Pirina P; Ostera S; Santoru L; Deiola G; Polo MF; Sardu MV; Santoni NP; Fois AG; Arghittu P; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Sassari, Italy.; soster@tin.it; SETTING: A complete surveillance system for tuberculosis should be able to guarantee constant updating of incidence and provide useful data on a variety of problems related to tuberculosis such as drug resistance, co-infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the geographic origin of patients, and mycobact
Estimation of serial interval and incubation period of tuberculosis using DNA fingerprinting.: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1999 May;3(5):414-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99260574; ten Asbroek AH; Borgdorff MW; Nagelkerke NJ; Sebek MM; Deville W; van Embden JD; van Soolingen D; Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association, The Hague.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency distributions of serial interval and incubation period of tuberculosis within 4 years of transmission, and to identify correlates of serial intervals and incubation periods. METHODS: DNA fingerprints were obtained for all isolates from all culture-positive patients notified in The
Point-counterpoint: "Allergy" in atopic dermatitis [see comments]: J Cutan Med Surg. 1999 Apr;3(4):198. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99294953; Beltrani VS; Columbia University, New York, New York.
Increased soft tissue in the posterior cervical and upper back area of patients on HIV-1 protease inhibitors.: J Cutan Med Surg. 1999 Apr;3(4):211-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99294958; Smith K; Germain M; Decker C; Yeager J; Skelton H; Department of Dermatology, National Naval Medical Center,; Bethesda, Maryland 20889-5600, USA.; BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids as well as sex hormones affect the redistribution of subcutaneous fat and the percentage of lean body mass. In addition, some stromal cells express steroid receptors, and the quantity and distribution of these receptors vary at different body sites and between sexes. Inhibitors of HIV-1 pro
HIV-1 Rev promotes the nuclear export of unspliced and singly spliced RNAs in a mammalian cell-free export system.: J Biomed Sci. 1999 May-Jun;6(3):194-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99276722; Huffman KM; Arrigo SJ; Schmidt MG; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of; South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-2230, USA.; Rev has been shown to promote the export of HIV-1 RNAs from Xenopus oocyte nuclei, but a system to examine the direct effect of Rev on HIV-1 RNA export in mammalian somatic cells does not exist. In this report, the development of a cell-free RNA export system using COS cells is described. This system is capable of exa
Analysis of potential phosphorylation sites in human T cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax.: J Biomed Sci. 1999 May-Jun;6(3):206-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99276723; Krause Boehm A; Stawhecker JA; Semmes OJ; Jankowski PE; Lewis R; Hinrichs SH; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Virginia,; Charlottesville, VA, USA.; The human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax is a phosphoprotein, however, the contribution of phosphorylation to Tax activity is unknown. Previous studies have shown that phosphorylation of Tax occurs on serine residue(s), within one tryptic fragment, in response to 4beta-phorbol-12beta-myristate-13alpha-aceta
Bcl-2 and p53 immunoprofile in Kaposi's sarcoma.: Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(1):17-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99180735; Pillay P; Chetty R; Reddy R; University of Natal Medical School, Department of Pathology,; Durban, South Africa. pillayp11@med.und.ac.za; Seventy three cases of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) from the 3 histological subtypes (patch, plaque and nodular) were assessed for bcl-2 and p53 protein expression. The aim was to determine the level of expression of these proteins in KS and in the different subtypes. Commercially available antibodies to bcl-2 and p53 were a
Human herpesvirus 8 in hematologic diseases.: Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(1):73-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99180747; Mikala G; Xie J; Berencsi G; Kiss C; Marton I; Domjan G; Valyi-Nagy I; Imre Haynal University of Health Sciences, First Department of; Internal Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.; Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a new member of the g-herpesvirus family. It is an unusual herpesvirus in that it carries a large number of genes that encode oncoproteins or cell signaling proteins. In addition to being the causative agent of both HIV-a
Fatal liver failure in haemophiliacs with HIV-induced immunodeficiency: observation of six patients.: Haemophilia. 1999 Mar;5(2):109-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99234412; Toyoda H; Fukuda Y; Nakano I; Katano Y; Takamatsu J; Saito H; Hayakawa T; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School; of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.; We observed six cases of haemophiliacs with HIV-induced immunodeficiency who died from fatal liver failure despite the absence of evident cirrhosis. They all had the infection with hepatitis viruses (two patients with hepatitis B and D viruses and four patients with hepatitis C virus) and their CD4 counts were severel
Emotional reactions of haemophilia health care providers.: Haemophilia. 1999 Mar;5(2):127-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99234415; Brown LK; Stermock AC; Ford HH; Geary M; Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine,; Providence, RI, USA.; This study investigated the prevalence and impact of job burnout and job satisfaction among health care professionals working with HIV-infected patients with haemophilia, using a survey that included the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). A minority (7.4%) of the 213 respondents met the criteria for job burnout as asses
Evaluation of transdermal iontophoresis of enoxacin from polymer formulations: in vitro skin permeation and in vivo microdialysis using Wistar rat as an animal model.: Int J Pharm. 1999 Apr 15;180(2):137-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99299689; Fang JY; Hsu LR; Huang YB; Tsai YH; Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taipei Medical; College, Taipei, Taiwan.; Polymers were used in vehicles to form hydrogel matrices in this study to evaluate the in vitro permeation and in vivo microdialysis of enoxacin. The highest transdermal delivery determined by area under flux-time curve (AUC) and intracutaneous enoxacin concentration were observed in methylcellulose (MC) and polyvinyl
Effect of linolenic acid/ethanol or limonene/ethanol and iontophoresis on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of LHRH and ultrastructure of human epidermis.: Int J Pharm. 1999 Apr 15;180(2):235-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99299699; Bhatia KS; Singh J; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, North; Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.; The effect of enhancer(s) (e.g. ethanol (EtOH), 5% linolenic acid/EtOH, and 5% limonene/EtOH) and iontophoresis was investigated on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) and ultrastructure of human epidermis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 5% linolenic acid/EtO
Liposomes as carriers of the antiretroviral agent dideoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate.: Int J Pharm. 1999 Apr 15;180(2):261-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99299701; Oussoren C; Magnani M; Fraternale A; Casabianca A; Chiarantini L; Ingebrigsten R; Underberg WJ; Storm G; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical; Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.; c.oussoren@pharm.uu.nl; The presence and replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) together with the preferential uptake of liposomes in macrophages suggest that liposomes can become a valuable carrier of anti-HIV agents. Moreover, liposomes reduce toxicity of encapsulated drugs
Changes in CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets in circulating blood and synovial fluid following filtration leukocytapheresis therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.: Ther Apher. 1999 May;3(2):178-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99272940; Hidaka T; Suzuki K; Matsuki Y; Takamizawa-Matsumoto M; Okada M; Ishizuka T; Kawakami M; Ohsuzu F; National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.; The purpose of this study is to determine the changes in CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets in the circulating blood and synovial fluid following filtration leukocytapheresis (LCP) therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A Cellsorba column packed with polyester fibers was used for the removal of circulating leukoc
The relation between physician experience and patterns of care for patients with AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: results from a survey of 1,500 physicians in the United States.: Chest. 1999 Jun;115(6):1563-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99304894; Bach PB; Calhoun EA; Bennett CL; Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, The University of; Chicago, IL, USA. bachp@biosta.mskcc.org; STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine whether physician experience and specialty influence the approach to care of AIDS patients with pneumonia, we surveyed physicians about their management of possible Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) infection. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS: A postal survey was sent to a random sample
Two elements target SIV Nef to the AP-2 clathrin adaptor complex, but only one is required for the induction of CD4 endocytosis.: EMBO J. 1999 May 17;18(10):2722-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262410; Lock M; Greenberg ME; Iafrate AJ; Swigut T; Muench J; Kirchhoff F; Shohdy N; Skowronski J; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.; The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Nef proteins induce the endocytosis of CD4 and class I MHC molecules. Here we show that SIV Nef interacts with the AP-2 adaptor complex via two elements located in the N-terminal region of the Nef molecule, but only the N-distal el
Isolated renal Aspergillus abscess in an AIDS patient with a normal CD4+ cell count on highly active antiretroviral therapy.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;18(2):137-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236319; Rey D; de Mautort E; Saussine C; Hansmann Y; Waller J; Herbrecht R; Christmann D; Lindner V; Letscher-Bru V; Koenig H; Lang JM; Centre d'Informations et de Soins de l'Immunodeficience Humaine,; Clinique Medicale A, Hopitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg,; France. david.rey@chru-strasbourg.fr; Isolated renal Aspergillus abscess is a very rare complication of HIV infection. It usually occurs in patients with severe immune deficiency. The case of a 29-year-old HIV-infected homosexual male, a nonintravenous drug abuser, who developed a right renal Aspergillus abscess despite normalization of the CD4+ cell coun
Streptococcus bovis bacteremia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: case reports and literature review.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236322; Manfredi R; Nanetti A; Ferri M; Calza L; Tadolini M; Chiodo F; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of; Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, Italy.
Fulminant septic shock in AIDS patients caused by disseminated cryptococcosis.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;18(2):151-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236323; Lozano F; Gomez-Mateos J; Irles JA; Melendez B; Martin E; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario de; Valme, Seville, Spain.
Sporadic choreas: analysis of a general hospital series.: Eur Neurol. 1999;41(3):143-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99219882; Piccolo I; Sterzi R; Thiella G; Minazzi MS; Caraceni T; Department of Neurology, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milan,; Italy.; The incidence of sporadic chorea among general hospital admissions is unknown, and the relation of clinical manifestations and etiological factors to neuroimaging findings has been little investigated in this condition. We reviewed the 7,829 cases admitted to the neurology departments of two general hospitals over 3.2
Monitoring the response of AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy to HAART and cidofovir by PCR for JC virus DNA in the CSF.: Eur Neurol. 1999;41(3):172-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99219890; Meylan PR; Vuadens P; Maeder P; Sahli R; Tagan MC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
The lymphopenia mutation of the BB rat causes inappropriate apoptosis of mature thymocytes.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Jun;29(6):1832-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310118; Hernandez-Hoyos G; Joseph S; Miller NG; Butcher GW; Department of Immunology, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, GB.; BB rats develop autoimmune diabetes mellitus at a high frequency. A key factor in the development of the disease is an autosomal recessive mutation determining peripheral T cell lymphocytopenia. Previous studies have suggested that the lymphopenia could be caused by increased cell death. Here we demonstrate that the l
Tec kinase is involved in transcriptional regulation of IL-2 and IL-4 in the CD28 pathway.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Jun;29(6):1842-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310119; Yang WC; Olive D; INSERM U119, Marseille, France.; The Tec protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) family includes Btk, Itk/Tsk/Emt, Tec, Rlk/Txk and Bmx, which are involved in signals mediated by various surface receptors. We have previously found (W.-C. Yang et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1999. 274: 607) that Tec is involved in T cell signaling in a way distinct from Itk. However, li
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 on CD4 lymphocyte subset activation.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Jun;29(6):1879-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310123; Masci AM; Paz FL; Borriello A; Cassano S; Della Pietra V; Stoiber H; Matarese G; Della Ragione F; Zappacosta S; Racioppi L; Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare,; Universita di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.; The pathogenesis of the decline of CD4 lymphocyte counts accompanying the typical course of HIV-1 infection is not completely defined and might be related to a differential susceptibility of naive and memory cells to HIV-1 exposure. Here, we examined the effects induced by heat-inactivated HIV-1 virions on these lymph
Reassessment of the role of CD8+ T cells in the induction of allograft tolerance by donor-specific blood transfusion.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Jun;29(6):1919-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310127; Douillard P; Vignes C; Josien R; Chiffoleau E; Heslan JM; Proust V; Soulillou JP; Cuturi MC; INSERM Unite U 437 Immunointervention dans les allo- et; xeno-transplantations and Institut de Transplantation et de; Recherche en Transplantation, Nantes, France.; Donor-specific allograft tolerance can be induced in adult rats by pregraft donor-specific blood transfusion (DST). We have previously shown that DST elicits in recipients the expansion of a donor-specific CD8+ T cell clone displaying the Vbeta18-Dbeta1-Jbeta2.7 TCR rearrangement, which rapidly infiltrates allografts
Broadly distributed T cell reactivity, with no immunodominant loci, to the pre-erythrocytic antigen thrombospondin-related adhesive protein of Plasmodium falciparum in West Africans.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Jun;29(6):1943-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310130; Flanagan KL; Plebanski M; Akinwunmi P; Lee EA; Reece WH; Robson KJ; Hill AV; Pinder M; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine,; John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, GB.; Protective immunity to malaria has been achieved in human volunteers utilizing the pre-erythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum antigen, the circumsporozoite protein (CS). However, T cell reactivity to CS is focused on several highly polymorphic T cell epitope regions, potentially limiting the efficacy of any vaccine to spe
CD28-negative cytolytic effector T cells frequently express NK receptors and are present at variable proportions in circulating lymphocytes from healthy donors and melanoma patients.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Jun;29(6):1990-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310135; Speiser DE; Valmori D; Rimoldi D; Pittet MJ; Lienard D; Cerundolo V; MacDonald HR; Cerottini JC; Romero P; Division of Clinical Onco-Immunology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer; Research, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.; daniel.speiser@hospvd.ch; In humans, NK receptors are expressed by natural killer cells and some T cells, the latter of which are preferentially alphabetaTCR+ CD8+ cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). In this study we analyzed the expression of nine NK receptors (p58.1, p58.2, p70, p140, ILT2, NKRP1A, ZIN176, CD94 and CD94/NKG2A) in PBL from both he
Immunization with alpha-galactosylceramide polarizes CD1-reactive NK T cells towards Th2 cytokine synthesis.: Eur J Immunol. 1999 Jun;29(6):2014-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310138; Burdin N; Brossay L; Kronenberg M; Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for; Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.; We have compared the immune responses of mice immunized either with alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer), capable of eliciting a CD1-metiated stimulation of V alpha14+ NK T cells, or with lipoarabinomannan (LAM), a glycophospholipid derived from mycobacteria which is known to be presented by CD1b in humans. Within
Structural and biochemical analysis of Ras-effector signaling via RalGDS.: FEBS Lett. 1999 May 21;451(2):175-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297570; Vetter IR; Linnemann T; Wohlgemuth S; Geyer M; Kalbitzer HR; Herrmann C; Wittinghofer A; Max-Planck-Institut fur molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung; Strukturelle Biologie, Dortmund, Germany.; The structure of the complex of Ras with the Ras-binding domain of its effector RalGDS (RGS-RBD), the first genuine Ras-effector complex, has been solved by X-ray crystallography. As with the Rap-RafRBD complex (Nasser et al., 1995), the interaction is via an inter-protein beta-sheet between the switch I region of Ras
[Hepatic large B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with visceral leishmaniasis in an AIDS patient]: Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 1999 Mar;23(3):415-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312348; Moukassa D; Jermidi C; Copin MC; Leroy X; Devisme L; Gosselin B
Estimation of stress in child neglect from thymic involution.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99304626; Tanegashima A; Yamamoto H; Yada I; Fukunaga T; It is difficult to evaluate the extent of stress in cases of suspected child abuse/neglect in a medico-legal autopsy. We have previously reported that stress due to abuse/neglect was found to have led to thymic involution. To elucidate the influence upon thymocytes differentiation, we compared the proportion of the th
Irreversible glomerular lesions induced by crystal precipitation in a renal transplant after foscarnet therapy for cytomegalovirus infection.: Histopathology. 1999 Apr;34(4):365-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99248098; Justrabo E; Zanetta G; Martin L; Assem M; Mousson C; Maurice-Estepa L; Rifle G; Tanter Y; Department of Pathology, Dijon University Hospital, France.; AIMS: Foscarnet is an antiviral agent used to treat cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patients and in transplant recipients. In most cases, foscarnet induces reversible tubulo-interstitial lesions which can be avoided by correct hydration. We report the first case of crystal foscar
Reduced number of Langerhans cells in oesophageal mucosa from AIDS patients.: Histopathology. 1999 May;34(5):399-404. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99248109; Charton-Bain MC; Terris B; Dauge MC; Marche C; Walker F; Bouchaud O; Xerri L; Potet F; Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude; Bernard, Paris, France.; AIMS: The oesophageal mucosa is a frequent target of opportunistic infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Langerhans cells (LC) are known as a target and reservoir of HIV in the skin. The aim of this study was to characterize oesophageal LC in HIV-infected patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty oes
Gastric cryptosporidiosis: correlation between intensity of infection and histological alterations.: Histopathology. 1999 May;34(5):405-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99248110; Rivasi F; Rossi P; Righi E; Pozio E; Department of Morphological Sciences and Forensic Medicine,; University of Modena, Modena, Italy. rivasi@unimo.it; AIMS: A retrospective study was carried out to determine the histopathological alterations of the gastric mucosa associated with the presence of Cryptosporidium parasites in the stomach. METHODS AND RESULTS: Gastric biopsies from eight patients with AIDS and cryptosporidiosis were reviewed. Most individuals were males
[Risk of infection by needle-stick injury]: Internist (Berl). 1999 Jan;40(1):117-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99186233; Goebel FD; Gurtler L; Medizinische Poliklinik, Klinikum Innenstadt,; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munchen.
[An unusual hemorrhagic variant of Stevens-Johnson syndrome in an HIV-infected patient]: Hautarzt. 1999 Jan;50(1):52-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99168058; Schmid MH; Elsner P; Dermatologische Klinik, Universitatsspital Zurich.; Cutaneous adverse drug reactions in HIV-positive patients with their wide spectrum of manifestations remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Skin diseases as erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis belong to this group. The typical primary lesions are erythematous macules an
Updated HIV guidelines available [news]: J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1999 May;99(5):250. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298413
Processing, activity, and inhibition of recombinant cyprosin, an aspartic proteinase from cardoon (Cynara cardunculus).: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):16685-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/X81984; White PC; Cordeiro MC; Arnold D; Brodelius PE; Kay J; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, P. O. Box 911, Cardiff; CF1 3US, Wales, United Kingdom.; The cDNA encoding the precursor of an aspartic proteinase from the flowers of the cardoon, Cynara cardunculus, was expressed in Pichia pastoris, and the recombinant, mature cyprosin that accumulated in the culture medium was purified and characterized. The resultant mixture of microheterogeneous forms was shown to con
Transient exposure to HIV-1 Tat protein results in cytokine production in macrophages and astrocytes. A hit and run phenomenon.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):17098-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99287911; Nath A; Conant K; Chen P; Scott C; Major EO; Departments of Neurology, Microbiology, and Immunology,; University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0284, USA.; anath@pop.uky.edu; The pathological correlates of dementia due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are glial cell activation and cytokine dysregulation. These findings occur in the setting of small numbers of productively infected cells within the brain. We determined whether exposure of
A new nucleoporin-like protein interacts with both HIV-1 Rev nuclear export signal and CRM-1.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):17309-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99287939; Farjot G; Sergeant A; Mikaelian I; Laboratoire de Virologie, ENS-LYON, Unite INSERM U 412, 46,; Allee d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.; The HIV-1 Rev is a shuttling protein required for the nuclear export of unspliced and partially spliced viral mRNA. In this study, we have identified a new Rev-interacting protein, that specifically interacts with the Rev nuclear export signal both in yeast and mammalian cells. This protein has features found in nucle
Multiple integrase functions are required to form the native structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type I intasome.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):17358-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99287945; Chen H; Wei SQ; Engelman A; Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer; Institute and the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical; School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; Mu-mediated polymerase chain reaction footprinting was used to investigate the protein-DNA structure of human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-I) preintegration complexes. Preintegration complexes were partially purified from cells after using an established coculture infection technique as well as a novel technique
Development of three-dimensional descriptors represented by tensors: free energy of hydration density tensor.: J Chem Inf Comput Sci. 1999 May-Jun;39(3):601-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99290081; Son SH; Han CK; Ahn SK; Yoon JH; No KT; Department of Chemistry, Soong Sil University, Seoul, Korea.; In order to describe the degree of interaction of a molecule with its environments by descriptors, several three-dimensional descriptors have been proposed. With the physical properties calculated around a molecule, scalar, vector, and tensor (zeroth, first, and second moments) of the physical properties were calculat
Androgen replacement in women: a commentary.: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Jun;84(6):1886-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99299896; Davis S; The Jean Hailes Foundation, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.; suedavis@netlink.com.au; There is increasing evidence to suggest that many postmenopausal women experience symptoms alleviated by androgen therapy and that such symptoms may be secondary to androgen deficiency. Affected women complain of fatigue, low libido, and diminished well-being, symptoms easily and frequently attributed to psychosocial
Endocrine and metabolic evaluation of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with evidence of protease inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy.: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Jun;84(6):1925-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99299903; Yanovski JA; Miller KD; Kino T; Friedman TC; Chrousos GP; Tsigos C; Falloon J; Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child; Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. jy15i@nih.gov; Multidrug antiretroviral regimens that include human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors are associated with distinct lipodystrophy, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, and deposition of visceral abdominal adipose tissue. To determine whether th
Fasting hyperinsulinemia and changes in regional body composition in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women.: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Jun;84(6):1932-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99299904; Hadigan C; Miller K; Corcoran C; Anderson E; Basgoz N; Grinspoon S; Combined Program in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; 02114, USA.; A novel lipodystrophy syndrome (characterized by insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and fat redistribution) has recently been described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. However, investigation of the lipodystrophy syndrome has generally been limited to men; and a comprehensive evaluation
Susceptibility of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus to other reverse transcriptase inhibitors.: J Clin Invest. 1999 Jun;103(12):1635-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99307248; Ono-Nita SK; Kato N; Shiratori Y; Lan KH; Yoshida H; Carrilho FJ; Omata M; Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University; of Tokyo, Japan.; The emergence of resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV), with mutations in the YMDD motif of the polymerase gene after treatment with lamivudine, is becoming an important clinical problem. In this study, susceptibility of wild-type and lamivudine-resistant HBV M552I, M552V, and L528M/M552V mutants to other reverse transcri
Short ragweed allergen induces eosinophilic lung disease in HLA-DQ transgenic mice.: J Clin Invest. 1999 Jun;103(12):1707-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99307256; Chapoval SP; Nabozny GH; Marietta EV; Raymond EL; Krco CJ; Andrews AG; David CS; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; 55905, USA.; The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) restriction of the IgE response to different allergens in humans has been a subject of numerous published studies. However, the role and contribution of specific HLA class II molecules in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation are unknown and difficult to assess. HLA-DQ6 and
Lamivudine/zidovudine as a combined formulation tablet: bioequivalence compared with lamivudine and zidovudine administered concurrently and the effect of food on absorption.: J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Jun;39(6):593-605. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283390; Moore KH; Shaw S; Laurent AL; Lloyd P; Duncan B; Morris DM; O'Mara MJ; Pakes GE; Glaxo Wellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.; A single-center, open-label, three-way crossover study was conducted in 24 healthy subjects to assess (1) the bioequivalence of a combined lamivudine 150 mg/zidovudine 300 mg tablet relative to the separate brand-name components administered concurrently and (2) the effect of food on the bioavailability of the drugs f
Effect of indinavir on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of theophylline in healthy subjects.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283395; Mistry GC; Laurent A; Sterrett AT; Deutsch PJ; Merck Research Laboratories, Department of Clinical Pharmacology,; Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.; The effect of multiple doses of indinavir on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of theophylline was investigated in 16 healthy male subjects using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study design. On days 1 and 7, all of
Monocyte chemotactic proteins in allergen-induced inflammation in the nasal mucosa: effect of topical corticosteroids.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Jun;103(6):1036-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289415; Christodoulopoulos P; Wright E; Frenkiel S; Luster A; Hamid Q; Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; BACKGROUND: Human allergen-induced rhinitis is associated with the recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells, particularly eosinophils and CD4(+) T cells, in the nasal mucosa. Chemokines are inflammatory mediators capable of attracting specific inflammatory cell populations. Monocyte chemotactic proteins (MCPs)
Increased expression of the CD80 accessory molecule by alveolar macrophages in asthmatic subjects and its functional involvement in allergen presentation to autologous TH2 lymphocytes.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Jun;103(6):1136-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289428; Burastero SE; Magnani Z; Confetti C; Abbruzzese L; Oddera S; Balbo P; Rossi GA; Crimi E; Department of Biological and Technological Research, San Raffaele; Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; BACKGROUND: Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are more efficient antigen-presenting cells in allergic individuals than in nonatopic subjects. OBJECTIVE: We studied whether this difference may be correlated to increased expression of membrane costimulatory molecules, such as the B7 molecules (CD80 and CD86). METHODS: Eleven s
Suppression of antigen-specific T- and B-cell responses by intranasal or oral administration of recombinant bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, in a murine model of type I allergy.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289439; Wiedermann U; Jahn-Schmid B; Bohle B; Repa A; Renz H; Kraft D; Ebner C; BACKGROUND: Mucosal (nasal or oral) administration of soluble protein antigens induces a state of antigen-specific immunologic hyporesponsiveness. Several studies have shown that induction of mucosal tolerance can prevent the onset or reduce the severity of certain TH1 -mediated experimental autoimmune diseases. Only
Evolution of the type-1 (Th1)-type-2 (Th2) cytokine paradigm.: Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1999 Mar;13(1):1-9, v. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99215001; Lucey DR; Infectious Diseases Service, Washington Hospital Center,; Washington, DC, USA.; During the past 12 years, since the discovery of murine Th1 and Th2 clones, increasing numbers of cells that make type-1 and type-2 cytokines have been recognized, and a growing number of these cytokines have been described. Emphasis has shifted from the CD4+ T cell, as the source of Th1-Th2 cytokines, to the function
HIV vaccines.: Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1999 Mar;13(1):95-112. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99215007; Frey SE; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Saint Louis; University Health Sciences Center, Missouri, USA.; In summary, the development of HIV vaccines has progressed from simple first-generation env subunit vaccines to second-generation vaccines containing multiple subunits. Vaccines with epitopes for CMI and Ab responses have broadened the immune response and the potential efficacy of these vaccines. It is hoped that newe
[An autopsy case of AIDS complicated with cytomegalovirus infection and multiple Kaposi's sarcoma]: Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1999 Apr;73(4):351-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99285382; Takahashi H; Oishi K; Masaki H; Aso N; Minematsu T; Minamishima Y; Nagatake T; Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University.; Cutaneous Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is a well-known complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. KS in the internal organs, however, is rare in Japan . We present here a 33-years-old Japanese homosexual man who had AIDS complicated with cytomeg
Cytokine signals are sufficient for HIV-1 infection of resting human T lymphocytes.: J Exp Med. 1999 Jun 7;189(11):1735-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288032; Unutmaz D; KewalRamani VN; Marmon S; Littman DR; Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of; Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New; York, USA. unutmaz@saturn.med.nyu.edu; Lentiviral vectors have been advocated to be effective vehicles for the delivery and stable expression of genes in nondividing primary cells. However, certain cell types, such as resting T lymphocytes, are resistant to infection with HIV-1. Establishing parameters for stable gene delivery into primary human lymphocyte
Acquisition of selectin binding and peripheral homing properties by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells.: J Exp Med. 1999 Jun 7;189(11):1765-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288035; Xie H; Lim YC; Luscinskas FW; Lichtman AH; Vascular Research Division, Department of Pathology, Brigham and; Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts 02115, USA.; Different T cell subsets exhibit distinct capacities to migrate into peripheral sites of inflammation, and this may in part reflect differential expression of homing receptors and chemokine receptors. Using an adoptive transfer approach, we examined the ability of functionally distinct subsets of T cells to home to a
Thioredoxin, a redox enzyme released in infection and inflammation, is a unique chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells.: J Exp Med. 1999 Jun 7;189(11):1783-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288037; Bertini R; Howard OM; Dong HF; Oppenheim JJ; Bizzarri C; Sergi R; Caselli G; Pagliei S; Romines B; Wilshire JA; Mengozzi M; Nakamura H; Yodoi J; Pekkari K; Gurunath R; Holmgren A; Herzenberg LA; Herzenberg LA; Ghezzi P; Dompe Research Center, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.; Thioredoxin (Trx) is a ubiquitous intracellular protein disulfide oxidoreductase with a CXXC active site that can be released by various cell types upon activation. We show here that Trx is chemotactic for monocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and T lymphocytes, both in vitro in the standard micro Boyden chamber mi
Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of soluble CD27 in HTLV-I associated myelopathy and multiple sclerosis.: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999 Jun;66(6):791-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262876; Hintzen RQ; Paty D; Oger J; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic and Department of Medicine, Faculty of; Medicine, Vancouver Hospital, British Columbia, Canada.; OBJECTIVES: Stimulation of T lymphocytes via the T cell receptor strongly enhances CD27 membrane expression and induces the release of a soluble 32 kDa form of CD27 (sCD27). CD27 is a member of the TNF receptor family, a group of molecules that have important roles in lymphocyte differentiation and survival. Raised co
Non-lymphomatous brain tumors in HIV-1 infection: a review.: J Neurooncol. 1999 Jan;41(1):81-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99238933; Buttner A; Weis S; Institute of Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University,; Munich, Germany.; A broad spectrum of malignant tumors affecting various organ systems in HIV-1 infected patients have been described in larger series. Intracerebral mass lesions encountered in HIV-1 infection are mostly due to toxoplasmosis and central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Brain tumors (excluding lymphomas) occurring in HIV-
CMV retinitis in two 10-month-old children with AIDS [letter]: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1999 May-Jun;36(3):109-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286863; Coats DK
In vitro models of the blood-brain barrier to polar permeants: comparison of transmonolayer flux measurements and cell uptake kinetics using cultured cerebral capillary endothelial cells.: J Pharm Sci. 1999 Jun;88(6):620-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99280563; Johnson MD; Anderson BD; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry,; University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.; Given that the cerebral microvasculature within the brain constitutes the rate-limiting barrier to drug entry, primary cultures of cerebral capillary endothelial cells would appear to offer a potentially useful model system for predicting drug delivery to the central nervous system. In the present study, the predictiv
Structure-antiviral activity relationship in the series of pyrimidine and purine N-[2-(2-phosphonomethoxy)ethyl] nucleotide analogues. 1. Derivatives substituted at the carbon atoms of the base.: J Med Chem. 1999 Jun 17;42(12):2064-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99307287; Holy A; Gunter J; Dvorakova H; Masojidkova M; Andrei G; Snoeck R; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of; Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam.2, 16610 Praha 6,; Czech Republic. holy@uochb.cas.cz; A series of dialkyl esters of purine and pyrimidine N-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl] derivatives substituted at position 2, 6, or 8 of the purine base or position 2, 4, or 5 of the pyrimidine base were prepared by alkylation of the appropriate heterocyclic base with 2-chloroethoxymethylphosphonate diester in the presence
Stress-induced immunomodulation: implications for infectious diseases?: JAMA. 1999 Jun 23-30;281(24):2268-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99313109; Glaser R; Rabin B; Chesney M; Cohen S; Natelson B; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Ohio State; University Medical Center, Columbus 43210-1239, USA.; glaser.1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prenatal discussion of HIV testing and maternal HIV testing--14 states, 1996-1997.: JAMA. 1999 Jun 23-30;281(24):2278-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99313114
Anonymous HIV testing and medical care [letter]: JAMA. 1999 Jun 23-30;281(24):2282-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99313116; Levi J
Variations in the care of HIV-infected adults in the United States: results from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study.: JAMA. 1999 Jun 23-30;281(24):2305-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99313126; Shapiro MF; Morton SC; McCaffrey DF; Senterfitt JW; Fleishman JA; Perlman JF; Athey LA; Keesey JW; Goldman DP; Berry SH; Bozzette SA; RAND Health Program, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA.; mfshapiro@mednet.ucla.edu; CONTEXT: Studies of selected populations suggest that not all persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receive adequate care. OBJECTIVE: To examine variations in the care received by a national sample representative of the adult US population infected with HIV. DESIGN: Cohort study that consisted of 3
Hepatocyte growth inhibitory factor derived from HTLV-I(+) T-cell line is identical to IL-6.: Leuk Res. 1999 May;23(5):489-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99301399; Kawai Y; Yamauchi A; Nakamura H; Nakamura Y; Hirose T; Tsuyuki S; Shinkura N; Okawa K; Iwamatsu A; Maeda Y; Ikai I; Yamaoka Y; Inamoto T; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kyoto University; Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.; We previously reported that the culture supernatant of the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) infected-T-cell line--ATL-2--included factor(s), which had an inhibitory effect on epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated proliferation of primary cultured rat hepatocytes. After crude purification, we arbitrarily named i
Writing, time, and AIDS in the works of Herve Guibert.: Lit Med. 1999 Spring;18(1):132-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99273854; Orban C
The macrolides: erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin.: Mayo Clin Proc. 1999 Jun;74(6):613-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305702; Alvarez-Elcoro S; Enzler MJ; Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo; Clinic Jacksonville, Florida, USA.; In addition to erythromycin, macrolides now available in the United States include azithromycin and clarithromycin. These two new macrolides are more chemically stable and better tolerated than erythromycin, and they have a broader antimicrobial spectrum than erythromycin against Mycob
[Epidemiology of yeast colonization and oropharyngeal infection other than Candida albicans in patients with HIV infection]: Med Clin (Barc). 1999 Feb 20;112(6):211-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99207207; Masia Canuto MM; Gutierrez Rodero F; Ortiz de la Tabla Ducasse V; Martin Gonzalez C; Escolano Hortelano CM; Mora Rufete A; Martin Hidalgo A; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de; Elche, Alicante.; BACKGROUND: An increasing frequency of opportunistic fungal infections in immunosuppressed patients in recent years. Concurrent with this finding, it has been noted an increasing use of fluconazole. In addition, non-Candida albicans species (NCAS), most of which are fluconazole-resistant have been increasing isolated.
[Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma in patients infected with HIV: study of 15 cases in a series of 76 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and HIV infection]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99207211; Hernandez JA; Navarro JT; Ribera JM; Sancho JM; Vaquero M; Sirera G; Batlle M; Milla F; Feliu E; Servicio de Hematologia-Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitari; Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona.; BACKGROUND: To analyze the main clinical and biological data and the response to therapy in 15 patients with primary gastrointestinal lymphoma (PGIL) from a series of 76 patients with HIV related non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) diagnosed in a single institution in a 13 years period. P
[Prevalence of HTLV-I/II infection in various population groups in Gran Canaria (letter)]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99207214; Evora Santana O; Rodriguez E; del Pino Reyes M
Comparison of subcutaneous and intravenous interleukin-2 in asymptomatic HIV-1 infection: a randomised controlled trial. ANRS 048 study group.: Lancet. 1999 Jun 5;353(9168):1923-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297981; Levy Y; Capitant C; Houhou S; Carriere I; Viard JP; Goujard C; Gastaut JA; Oksenhendler E; Boumsell L; Gomard E; Rabian C; Weiss L; Guillet JG; Delfraissy JF; Aboulker JP; Seligmann M; Unite d'Immunologie clinique, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil,; France. yves.levy@hmn.ap-hop-paris.fr; BACKGROUND: Intermittent interleukin-2 therapy for HIV-1 by continuous intravenous infusion leads to sustained increase of CD4 T cells. This method of administration is, however, inconvenient and has limiting toxic effects. We did a randomised study to compare safety and efficacy of antiviral treatment alone or combin
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I infection.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297997; Manns A; Hisada M; La Grenade L; Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is the first human retrovirus to be associated with malignant disease--namely, adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. HTLV-I has also been associated with several non-malignant conditions, notably the chronic neurodegenerative disorder, HTLV-I associated myelopathy (also known
Definition and measurement of adherence to antiretroviral drugs in HIV-1-infected patients [letter]: Lancet. 1999 Jun 5;353(9168):1974. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99298009; Murri R; Ammassari A; De Luca A; Cingolani A; Antinori A
Delivery of protein to the cytosol of macrophages using Escherichia coli K-12.: Mol Microbiol. 1999 Mar;31(6):1631-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226213; Higgins DE; Shastri N; Portnoy DA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of; California, Berkeley 94720, USA.; Listeriolysin O (LLO) is an essential determinant of pathogenicity whose natural biological role is to mediate lysis of Listeria monocytogenes containing phagosomes. In this study, we report that Escherichia coli expressing cytoplasmic recombinant LLO can efficiently deliver co-expressed proteins to the cytosol of mac
Simple and rapid identification of different species of Mycobacteria by PCR.: Mol Cell Probes. 1999 Apr;13(2):141-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99225596; Sechi LA; Dupre I; Sanguinetti M; Fadda G; Zanetti S; Sezione di Microbiologia Sperimentale e Clinica, Universita; degli studi di Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, Sassari, 07100,; Italy. sechila@ssmain.uniss.it; A simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for rapid identification of different species of mycobacteria was developed. This PCR is based on the use of conserved sequences to amplify the genome of several mycobacterial species. The amplification patterns obtained were specific and reproducible for the species test
South African government seeks reassurances on AIDS initiative [news]: Nature. 1999 Jun 17;399(6737):624. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99311828; Cherry M
Neuronal apoptosis does not correlate with dementia in HIV infection but is related to microglial activation and axonal damage.: Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1999 Apr;25(2):123-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99234298; Adle-Biassette H; Chretien F; Wingertsmann L; Hery C; Ereau T; Scaravilli F; Tardieu M; Gray F; Departement de Pathologie (Neuropathologie), CHU Henri Mondor,; Creteil, France, Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur le muscle et; le Nerfs (GERMEN, EA 2347 Universite Paris XII, Association; Claude Bernard, France).; To characterize the distribution of apoptotic neurons and their relationships with the stage of disease, a history of HIV- dementia , and the degree of productive HIV infection, microglial activation and axonal damage, we examined the brains of 40 patients. Samples of frontal and tem
Indomethacin treatment slows disease progression and enhances a Th1 response in susceptible BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major.: Parasite Immunol. 1999 May;21(5):273-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99255716; De Freitas LA; Mbow LM; Estay M; Bleyenberg JA; Titus RG; Laboratorio de Patologia e Biologia Celular, Centro de Pesquisas; Goncalo Moniz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil.; Prostaglandins of the E series inhibit the development of Th1 responses. When infected with Leishmania major, BALB/c mice fail to develop a Th1 response, but instead mount a Th2 response and die of the disease. Therefore, we treated L. major-infected BALB/c mice with indomethacin, which inhibits prostaglandin producti
Diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis in the modern era.: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 Feb;18(2):122-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99156470; Neu N; Saiman L; San Gabriel P; Whittier S; Knirsch C; Ruzal-Shapiro C; Della-Latta P; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY; 10032, USA.; BACKGROUND: Correctly diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in children is critical to provide appropriate treatment and to detect undiagnosed source cases. However, diagnosing TB in children may be difficult. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether Amplicor, a Food and Drug Administration-approved polymerase chain reaction
A randomized trial of vitamin A supplements in relation to mortality among human immunodeficiency virus-infected and uninfected children in Tanzania.: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 Feb;18(2):127-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99156471; Fawzi WW; Mbise RL; Hertzmark E; Fataki MR; Herrera MG; Ndossi G; Spiegelman D; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,; MA 02115, USA. mina@hsph.harvard.edu; OBJECTIVES: To determine whether vitamin A supplements result in reduced mortality among HIV-infected and uninfected children. DESIGN: Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS: Starting in April, 1993, we randomized 687 children age 6 months to 5 years who were admitted to the hospital with pneumoni
Serum vitamin A concentrations in a North American cohort of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intravenous Immunoglobulin Clinical Trial Study Group.: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 Feb;18(2):134-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99156472; Read JS; Bethel J; Harris DR; Meyer WA 3rd; Korelitz J; Mofenson LM; Moye J Jr; Pahwa S; Rich K; Nugent RP; Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, National; Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD; 20892-7510, USA. jr92o@nih.gov; BACKGROUND: Vitamin A deficiency is associated with increased risks of vertical transmission of HIV-1 (HIV) and of disease progression and mortality among HIV-infected adults. The objectives of the study were to describe serum vitamin A concentrations among HIV-infected children in the National Institute of Child Heal
Clinical utility of liver biopsy in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 Feb;18(2):143-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99156473; Lacaille F; Fournet JC; Blanche S; Department of Pediatrics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris,; France.; BACKGROUND: Little is known about hepatic histology in children with AIDS, although the liver is frequently involved in the course of HIV infection. The clinical utility of liver biopsy in these patients is not well-defined. We reviewed retrospectively the results of this procedure in a group of infected children bett
Pneumocystis carinii severe pneumonia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Thailand: the effect of a primary prophylaxis strategy.: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 Feb;18(2):147-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99156474; Chokephaibulkit K; Wanachiwanawin D; Chearskul S; Wanprapa N; Unganont K; Tantinikorn W; Udompunthurak S; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital,; Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. sikch@mahidol.ac.th; BACKGROUND: A knowledge of the epidemiology of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is important for the development of a strategy for primary PCP prophylaxis and empiric treatment for severe pneumonia in HIV-infected children. However, little is known about the epidemiology of PCP in developing countries. Objective.
Growth hormone exerts potent anabolic effects in an adolescent with human immunodeficiency virus wasting.: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 Feb;18(2):167-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99156481; Dreimane D; Gallagher K; Nielsen K; Krogstad P; Stiehm ER; Bryson YJ; Geffner ME; Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children's Hospital at UCLA,; UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1752, USA.
Health-related problems in a vulnerable population: pregnant teens and adolescent mothers.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1999 Jun;34(2):289-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99252229; Lesser J; Escoto-Lloyd S; Doctoral Student, School of Nursing, University of California Los; Angeles, School of Nursing, Los Angeles, California, USA.; Childbearing adolescents are susceptible to a myriad of health-related problems. For these youth, health-related problems include both physiological and psychological disease states that negatively impact both their own and their children s lives. Suicide attempts, parenting problems (including child abuse), domestic
Health problems of gay and bisexual men.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1999 Jun;34(2):313-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99252231; Ungvarski PJ; Grossman AH; Clinical Nurse Specialist, HIV Infection, and Clinical Director,; AIDS Services, The Visiting Nurse Service of New York, USA.; Significant mental and physical morbidity occurs among gay and bisexual men because health care providers are often unaware of their actual or potential health concerns. Mental health problems include anxiety, depression, suicide, and both alcohol and substance abuse. Physical health concerns include HIV disease, hepa
Health problems of lesbian women.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1999 Jun;34(2):381-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99252235; Saunders JM; Primary Care Integration Specialist, PacifiCare Behavioral; Health, Van Nuys, CA 91411.; Lesbians are visible to society, health care providers, and researchers as women, not as an identified sub-group of women. Lesbian invisibility contributes to their collective increased vulnerability, as evidenced by decreased societal and environmental resource availability, threats to social connectedness, and barri
CCR5(+) and CXCR3(+) T cells are increased in multiple sclerosis and their ligands MIP-1alpha and IP-10 are expressed in demyelinating brain lesions.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 8;96(12):6873-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289565; Balashov KE; Rottman JB; Weiner HL; Hancock WW; Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 02115, USA.; Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell-dependent chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The role of chemokines in MS and its different stages is uncertain. Recent data suggest a bias in expression of chemokine receptors by Th1 vs. Th2 cells; human Th1 clones express CXCR3 and CCR5 and Th2 clones expr
Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides promote protective immunity and provide systemic therapy for leishmaniasis via IL-12- and IFN-gamma-dependent mechanisms.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 8;96(12):6970-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289582; Walker PS; Scharton-Kersten T; Krieg AM; Love-Homan L; Rowton ED; Udey MC; Vogel JC; Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1908, USA.; Resistance to murine leishmaniasis correlates with development of a CD4(+) T helper 1 (Th1)-predominant immune response. To determine whether immunostimulatory CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN), known to promote a Th1 immune response, could provide protection from Leishmania infection, CpG-ODN and freeze-
Immunization against genital herpes with a vaccine virus that has defects in productive and latent infection.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 8;96(12):6994-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289586; Da Costa XJ; Jones CA; Knipe DM; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard; Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; An effective vaccine for genital herpes has been difficult to achieve because of the limited efficacy of subunit vaccines and the safety concerns about live viruses. As an alternative approach, mutant herpes simplex virus strains that are replication-defective can induce protect
A practical method for simultaneously determining the effective burst sizes and cycle times of viruses.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 8;96(12):7017-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99289590; Spouge JL; Layne SP; National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library; of Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA. spouge@nih.gov; We describe combined analytic and experimental methods for determining reproductive statistics from time-series data. Our computational methods derive four fundamental measures from laboratory experiments: (i) average number of viral daughters; (ii) mean viral cycle time; (iii) standard deviation of the viral cycling
Inhibitory effect of triterpenes from Crataegus pinatifida on HIV-I protease [letter]: Planta Med. 1999 May;65(4):374-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293181; Min BS; Jung HJ; Lee JS; Kim YH; Bok SH; Ma CM; Nakamura N; Hattori M; Bae K; The methanol extracts of the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida showed potent inhibitory activities against HIV-1 protease at a concentration of 100 micrograms/ml. The subsequent fractionation and isolation of the extract gave two active compounds. Their structures were identified as uvaol (1) and ursolic acid (2) by spe
Cervicothoracic lesions in infants and children.: Radiographics. 1999 May-Jun;19(3):583-600. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99267232; Castellote A; Vazquez E; Vera J; Piqueras J; Lucaya J; Garcia-Pena P; Jimenez JA; Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnostic per la Imatge,; Hospital Materno-Infantil Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.; Cervicothoracic lesions are not uncommon in children. All cervicothoracic lesions except superficial lesions extend from the neck to the thorax through the thoracic inlet. Evaluation of this area involves multiple imaging modalities: plain radiography, ultrasonography, nuclear medicine, computed tomography, and magnet
[Coccidioides immitis: primary infection of the central nervous system. Case report and literature review]: Rev Invest Clin. 1999 Jan-Feb;51(1):43-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99275635; Nino Oberto S; Ponce de Leon A; Sierra Madero J; Departamento de infectologia, Instituto Nacional de la; Nutricion Salvador Zubiran.; A case of primary coccidiodal meningitis without pulmonary, osseous or dermic affection due to Coccidioides immitis in a 27 years old male patient with hypertensive brain of one month of evolution, was reported. The patient was resident of Northern California, and he was previously healthy. The cerebrospinal fluid (CS
[Pseudomonas pneumonia--an important differential pulmonary infiltration diagnosis in AIDS]: Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1999 Jan 30;129(4):120-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99187553; Kaufmann P; Opravil M; Hauser M; Gaspert A; Laube I; Jenni R; Speich R; Department Innere Medizin, Universitatsspital Zurich.; Bacterial pneumonias are the most common pulmonary complication in HIV-infected patients. Up to now, H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae have been described as the most important germs. Within a period of 4 years we diagnosed 15 cases of pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa. All patients were in HIV stage C3; 3F, 12M; median
Vaginal douching: association with lower genital tract infections in African pregnant women.: Sex Transm Dis. 1999 Apr;26(4):191-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99240114; La Ruche G; Messou N; Ali-Napo L; Noba V; Faye-Kette H; Combe P; Bonard D; Sylla-Koko F; Dheha D; Welffens-Ekra C; Dosso M; Msellati P; National AIDS Program, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.; BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Douching, a common practice, could further increase the risk of genital infections. GOAL OF THIS STUDY: To describe douching practices in pregnant women and to evaluate associations with lower genital tract infections. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study in Abidjan,
Prevention agenda for genital herpes.: Sex Transm Dis. 1999 Apr;26(4):228-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99240122; Handsfield HH; Stone KM; Wasserheit JN; Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, Center for; HIV, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; hhh@u.washington.edu; Few meeting participants envisioned a prevention and control program on the scale or scope of CDC s programs to prevent HIV infection, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydial infection, but all agreed that the virtual absence of public health interventions to prevent genital herpes
Phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis.: Thorax. 1999 Apr;54(4):339-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309109; Wahlstrom J; Berlin M; Skold CM; Wigzell H; Eklund A; Grunewald J; Microbiology and Tumour Biology Centre, Karolinska Institutet,; S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.; BACKGROUND: The granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis is driven by the interplay between T cells and macrophages. To gain a better understanding of this process the expression by these cells of cell surface activation markers, co-stimulatory molecules, and adhesion molecules was analysed. METHODS: CD4+ and CD8+ T
[Serious bacterial and fungal infections in intravenous drug addicts]: Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1999 May 10;119(12):1759-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309690; Jensenius M; Heger B; Dalgard O; Stiris M; Ringertz SH; Medisinsk klinikk, Aker sykehus, Oslo.; Invasive infections caused by bacteria and fungi are common complications of intravenous drug abuse. Various vital organs and structures may be affected, e.g. the cardiac valves, the larger arteries, the bones, the joints and the central nervous system. However, due to the high frequency of low-virulent microbes of sk
[Zulu people and Isangoma people--HIV and tuberculosis]: Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1999 May 10;119(12):1798-800. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309697; Eilertsen L; Blystad PE
[Apropos the article "The rapid computerized analysis of dental patients for AIDS" (A. N. Balashov et al., Stomatologiia 1997; 4: 74)]: Stomatologiia (Mosk). 1999;78(3):68-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296995; Bocharov EF; Pukhaev VI
Immune response to Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection in laboratory mice.: Vet Parasitol. 1999 Mar 31;82(2):137-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99253502; El Naas A; Levkut M; Revajova V; Levkutova M; Hipikova V; Letkova V; University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovak Republic.; parazity@uvm.sk; The study was performed to determine the immune response to Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection in immunocompetent mice during 120 days of experiment. Mice infected with E. cuniculi had an increased number of CD4+ T cells up to Day 20 post infection (p.i.), but counts of CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly lower up t
The dileucine-based sorting motif in HIV-1 Nef is not required for down-regulation of class I MHC.: Virology. 1999 Jun 5;258(2):203-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296714; Riggs NL; Craig HM; Pandori MW; Guatelli JC; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA,; USA.; A dileucine-based protein sorting motif has recently been identified within the C-terminal, solvent-exposed loop of HIV-1 Nef and has been shown to be required for Nef-mediated down-regulation of CD4 and for optimal viral infectivity. Here, we report that mutation of the dileucine motif has no effect on Nef-mediated d
Activation of Ste20 by Nef from human immunodeficiency virus induces cytoskeletal rearrangements and downstream effector functions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.: Virology. 1999 Jun 5;258(2):271-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296721; Plemenitas A; Lu X; Geyer M; Veranic P; Simon MN; Peterlin BM; Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Vrazov trg2,; Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.; The negative factor (Nef) from human and simian immunodeficiency viruses is important for the pathogenesis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Among other targets, it activates the Nef-associated kinase, which is related to the p21-activated kinase. In this study, we demonstrate that Nef activates Ste20, the homol
Nuclear localization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase expressed as a fusion protein with green fluorescent protein.: Virology. 1999 Jun 5;258(2):327-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296726; Pluymers W; Cherepanov P; Schols D; De Clercq E; Debyser Z; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit,; Leuven, Belgium.; Lentiviruses in general and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in particular have the ability to integrate their genome stably into the chromosome of nondividing cells. Integration of HIV cDNA is mediated by the viral integrase (IN). Apart from its catalytic activity, this enzyme seems to play an importan
Isolation of a human endogenous retroviral HERV-H element with an open env reading frame.: Virology. 1999 Jun 5;258(2):441-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U88906; Lindeskog M; Mager DL; Blomberg J; Section of Virology, Lund University, Solvegatan 23, Lund,; S-22362, Sweden. mats.lindeskog@mmb.lu.se; About 100 elements of the human endogenous retroviral HERV-H family have full-length env genes potentially coding for Env proteins with sequences highly similar to the immunosuppressive peptide CKS-17 from the MLV transmembrane protein p15E. However, previously sequenced HERV-H env genes have contained stop codons or
Latent Varicella-zoster virus in human dorsal root ganglia.: Virology. 1999 Jun 5;258(2):451-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296740; Kennedy PG; Grinfeld E; Gow JW; Institute of Neurological Sciences, Southern General Hospital NHS; Trust, Glasgow, G51 4TF, Scotland, United Kingdom.; P.G.Kennedy@clinmed.gla.ac.uk; To understand further the molecular events underlying the process of Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) latency in human ganglionic tissues, in situ hybridisation (ISH) for VZV RNA and DNA, and PCR in situ amplification for VZV DNA were used in human dorsal root ganglia from 12 individuals (3 normal and 9 who had died with
Clustering of cases of Mycobacterium fortuitum infection investigated by molecular typing.: West Indian Med J. 1999 Mar;48(1):16-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99304273; Levett PN; Brown PD; Hector S; Scantlebury MU; Roach TC; School of Clinical Medicine & Research, University of the West; Indies, Barbados.; Organisms of the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex are recognised but uncommon causes of pulmonary disease, primary cutaneous disease and a wide spectrum of nosocomial infections. M fortuitum was isolated from 20 patients over a 15 month period, with an apparent clustering of isolates occurring from January to March 199
Induction of cellular immunity to a mycobacterial antigen adsorbed on lamellar particles of lactide polymers.: Vaccine. 1999 Apr 9;17(15-16):1814-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231930; Venkataprasad N; Coombes AG; Singh M; Rohde M; Wilkinson K; Hudecz F; Davis SS; Vordermeier HM; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Tuberculosis & Related Infections; Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.; Microspheres prepared from synthetic, biodegradable poly (L-lactide) [PLA] and copolymers of lactide and glycolide such as poly (DL lactide co-glycolide) [PLG] have been widely investigated for controlled delivery of encapsulated vaccine antigens. In this study we describe novel lamellar microparticles produced from P
The effect of immunization on chemokines and CCR5 and CXCR4 coreceptor functions in SIV binding and chemotaxis.: Vaccine. 1999 Apr 9;17(15-16):1826-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231932; Wang Y; Tao L; Mitchell E; Bergmeier L; Doyle C; Lehner T; Department of Immunology, UMDS at Guy's Hospital, London, UK.; The replication of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in acutely infected CD4+ cells can be inhibited in vitro by CD8-suppressor factors (SF) and beta-chemokines induced by immunization of macaques with SIV gp120 and p27 in Alum. A comparison between intradermal, naso-rectal-i.m. and targeted iliac lymph node (TILN)
Phase II study of anti-CD4 idiotype vaccination in HIV positive volunteers.: Vaccine. 1999 Apr 9;17(15-16):1837-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231933; Schedel I; Sutor GC; Hunsmann G; Jurkiewicz E; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology,; Hannover Medical School, Germany.; A clinical phase II trial of postinfectional idiotype vaccination was performed in early stage HIV + volunteers. The mAb 13B8.2 is directed against the CDR3-homologous CD4/D1 region implicated in HIV-gp120 binding. We have previously shown that this mAb induces HIV-gp120 cross-reactive immunity. In addition, the mAb 1
Salbutamol as an adjuvant for nasal vaccination.: Vaccine. 1999 Apr 9;17(15-16):1936-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231944; Fermin Z; Bout D; Ricciardi-Castagnoli P; Hoebeke J; CJF93/09 Immunologie des Maladies Infectieuses, UFR Sciences; Pharmaceutiques, Universite Francois Rabelais, Tours, France.; Salbutamol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, which transiently increases cAMP levels, was tested for its potential adjuvant activity in nasal vaccination. SAG1, the major surface protein of Toxoplasma gondii was used as vaccinating protein to protect CBA mice from a challenge with the parasite. Mice, vaccinated with SAG1 in
Induction of mucosal IgA by a novel jet delivery technique for HIV-1 DNA.: Vaccine. 1999 Apr 9;17(15-16):2036-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231956; Lundholm P; Asakura Y; Hinkula J; Lucht E; Wahren B; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Microbiology; and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.; peter.lundholm@mtc.ki.se; Novel ways of delivering plasmid DNA to elicit humoral IgA, IgG and cell-mediated immune responses in mice were investigated. Intraoral administration of DNA in the cheek, using a jet immunization technique, elicited the highest IgA mucosal responses. Intranasal immunization gave strong mucosal IgA responses and persi
Immunization with influenza A virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase produced in recombinant baculovirus results in a balanced and broadened immune response superior to conventional vaccine.: Vaccine. 1999 Apr 9;17(15-16):2073-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231961; Johansson BE; Department of Pediatrics, Babies' and Children's Hospital,; Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY 10032-3784,; USA. bertjoh@pol.net; Influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) from A/Nanchang/933/95 were expressed by recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cell lines. HA and NA were chromatographically purified then combined in a single vaccine preparation. Immunization of mice with this preparation resulted in high titers of antib
The Swiss Network of Dermatology Policlinics HIV prevalence study: rationale, characteristics and results (1990-1996).: Soz Praventivmed. 1999;44(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99215164; Paget WJ; Batter V; Zwahlen M; Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology; and Infectious Diseases, Bern. john.paget@bag.admin.ch; The Swiss Network of Dermatology Policlinics (SNDP) has monitored the prevalence of HIV among patients treated for a sexually transmitted disease (STD) since January 1990. A questionnaire was sent to each policlinic in the network (Basel, Bern, Geneva, Lausanne, and two in Zurich) to collect information on their parti
Family-centered care for HIV positive women.: Zentralbl Gynakol. 1999;121(1):25-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99191409; Solomon L; Lebanon Hospital, South Bronx, N.Y., USA.; Family-centered care means delivery of full scale primary and specialty care, including supportive services, to HIV infected individuals and their family members. In the South Bronx, New York, women are often the sole heads of households and decision makers of their families. For them and their children state-of-the-a
[Diagnostic and therapeutic concepts of HPV infection in HIV-positive women]: Zentralbl Gynakol. 1999;121(1):27-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99191410; Kuppers V; von Eckardstein S; Adomeit A; Wingartz C; Bodden-Heidrich R; Koldovsky U; Bender HG; Universitats-Frauenklinik, Dusseldorf.; Among HIV-seropositive women there is a high prevalence of anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV-DNA is more frequent detected in cervicovaginal-lavage specimens from HIV-seropositive women as in those from HIV-seronegative women. We and others suggest that HIV-infection increases the risk to have HPV-a
[Endocrine involvement in HIV infections]: Zentralbl Gynakol. 1999;121(1):30-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99191411; Luckhaus J; Universitatsfrauenklinik Koln.; HIV associated endocrine abnormalities are usually only seen in patients with AIDS. They are probably not caused by the infection itself, but rather by secondary involvement of endocrine organs through opportunistic infections or metabolic disturbances. Thus, patients with the disease should be checked regularly for e
[Current position on the care of HIV-seropositive pregnancies]: Zentralbl Gynakol. 1999;121(1):33-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99191412; Funke AM; Universitats-Frauenklinik Koln.; The reduction of vertical transmission rates in Germany to 5-7% is basically due to antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy with zidovudine and elective caesarean section after 37 weeks of gestation. Maternal versus fetal needs have to be considered carefully in respect to mode of
[Antiretroviral therapy in childhood]: Zentralbl Gynakol. 1999;121(1):35-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99191413; Feiterna-Sperling C; Charite-Klinikum, Berlin.; The natural course of mostly perinatally acquired childhood HIV infection shows some special characteristics. Compared to adults the initial viral load is higher, persists for a longer period of time and without antiretroviral therapy up to 20% of infected children develop AIDS within the first year of life. It is the
[HIV prevention for migrant prostitutes]: Zentralbl Gynakol. 1999;121(1):36-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99191414; Nitschke-Ozbay H; Gesundheitsamt der Stadt Koln.; A growing number of women from poor countries consider an engagement as sex workers in the wealthy industrialized countries as their only chance for making a decent living. This forces them into a variety of dependencies and obligations. They often accept high risks to their psychological and physical wellbeing. For t
[Companionship for women dying of AIDS]: Zentralbl Gynakol. 1999;121(1):41-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99191415; Gerlach E; Univ.-Frauenklinik, Koln.; This report reflects the experience of accompanying HIV-infected women during the process of dying using their curriculi vitae as examples of different modes of dealing with fatal illness. The text contains paintings of past and contemporary art concerning death and eros and poetry as a form of therapy.
Acute diarrhea: a practical review.: Am J Med. 1999 Jun;106(6):670-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99304971; Aranda-Michel J; Giannella RA; Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Cincinnati College; of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0595, USA.; This review provides a practical, simple, and logical approach to the diagnosis and management of patients with acute infectious diarrhea, one of the most common diagnoses in clinical practice. Diarrhea in the immunocompromised host, traveler s diarrhea, and diarrhea in the hospitalized patient are also discussed. Mos
Problem behavior of adolescents whose parents are living with AIDS.: Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1999 Apr;69(2):228-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99250647; Rotheram-Borus MJ; Stein JA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles,; USA.; Substance use, acts of sexual risk, conduct problems, and internalizing, externalizing, and somaticizing mental health symptoms were examined among 239 adolescent children and their parents living with AIDS in New York City. Consistent with theories regarding imitative behavior, stress, and anticipatory loss, adolesce
HIV/AIDS mental health training for health care providers: an evaluation of three models.: Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1999 Apr;69(2):240-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99250648; Neff JA; Amodei N; Martinez C Jr; Ingmundson P; College of Social Work, University of Tennessee, Nashville, USA.; jneff1@utk.edu; Three models of continuing education--full-day, half-day, and brief workshop--for health providers treating patients with HIV/AIDS were compared on measures of effectiveness with regard to knowledge, attitude, and practice outcomes. Analyses of pre- and postintervention data from two years of training events suggest c
Immobilized sample amplification for quantitative determination of retroviruses.: Anal Biochem. 1999 Jun 1;270(2):187-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99288186; Wei K; Stapleton MJ; Gene Tec Corporation, 2 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park,; North Carolina 27709, USA.; Immobilized sample amplification (ISA) is a novel method for amplification, detection, monitoring, and quantitative determination of nucleic acids from a minute amount of sample. We present here a novel quantitative ISA assay for retroviruses using a replication-defective recombinant retrovirus as a model retrovirus.
Analysis at home.: Anal Chem. 1999 Jun 1;71(11):395A-398A. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99294963; Zubritsky E
[The observation of Mongin and collaborators]: Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1999 Jan;150(1):58-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99193622; Dormont J; ANRS, Paris.
Monitoring adherence to HIV therapy [letter]: Arch Intern Med. 1999 Jun 28;159(12):1376-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99313091; Tuldra A; Ferrer MJ; Fumaz CR; Bayes R; Paredes R; Burger DM; Clotet B
Study on local inflammatory reactions and other parameters during subcutaneous mistletoe application in HIV-positive patients and HIV-negative subjects over a period of 18 weeks.: Arzneimittelforschung. 1999 Apr;49(4):366-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269751; Stoss M; van Wely M; Musielsky H; Gorter RW; European Institute for Oncological and Immunological Research,; Berlin, Germany. robert.gorter@eifoi.de; Subcutaneous injections of fermented and unfermented aqueous extracts of Viscum album L. result in a local inflammatory reaction at the injection site. In this trial, the symptoms associated with this local reaction were investigated. Furthermore the occurrence of local reactions was tried to correlate with an increas
Antiretroviral news.: Hopkins HIV Rep. 1998 Sep;10(5):1, 4-7, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704210; Gallant JE; The 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva explored issues associated with the use of antiretrovirals and resistance. Areas examined included resistance to new antiretroviral agents, the use of Hydroxyurea as a standard therapy, novel dosing strategies, new antiretroviral agents, and dual protease inhibitor therapy. Maj
Dupont pharmaceuticals study 006 for Sustiva.: Hopkins HIV Rep. 1998 Sep;10(5):1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704211; Bartlett JG; Dupont Pharmaceutical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of efavirenz with AZT and 3TC in treatment-naive patie
HIV therapy and prevention: economics and cost-effectiveness.: Hopkins HIV Rep. 1998 Sep;10(5):2, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704212; Moore R; Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is proving to be effective and cost-effective in the developed world. One study shows HAART contributed to a 37 percent decrease in hospital admissions and a 41 percent decrease in hospital days. Other studies indicate that HAART regimens have a cost- effectiveness well wit
Report from Geneva: women and HIV.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704213; Anderson JR; The 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva received reports on the efficacy of AZT in reducing HIV transmission between mother and infant, as well as other risk factors for transmission. Two studies revealed that a short-course of AZT treatment can redu
Conference news at a glance.: Hopkins HIV Rep. 1998 Sep;10(5):8-9, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704214; Bartlett JG; The 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva provided evidence that STD prophylaxis/treatment does not reduce HIV transmission. New guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in terms of when to treat and when to change are also presented. Research findings and practical applications are also provided for the following areas:
Fat city: understanding HIV lipodystrophy.: Hopkins HIV Rep. 1998 Sep;10(5):14-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704215; Flexner C; Researchers at the 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva shared information on HIV lipodystrophy syndrome (LDS), addressing the difficulty in defining and understanding the condition. Researchers discussed the prevalence of LDS, its endocrinology, and suggested possible causes. There is uncertainty as to which anti-HIV
ACTG adult clinical trials unit at Johns Hopkins.: Hopkins HIV Rep. 1998 Sep;10(5):suppl 1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704216; HIV infection-related studies currently underway at Johns Hopkin s University are listed. These studies include treatment for HIV-1 infection as well as complications of the disease. The studies range from trials designed to assess efficacy of treatment, as well as studies to determine the safety and tolerability of n
An American study of WF10 looks promising.: Treat Update. 1998 Sep;10(7):1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704217; A U.S. study of WF10, a mixture of Hydrogen Peroxide and bleach, suggested that WF10 improves the function of macrophages, damages HIV once WF10 is released by an infected cell, enhances resistance to infections, and does not interfere with AZT or ddI
Adherence to PCP medications found to be low.: Treat Update. 1998 Sep;10(7):2-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704218; Complicated regimens can lead to adherence problems when they include protease inhibitors and anti-PCP medications. A study of 244 adults showed that adherence was not a factor of age, race, gender, or class but was related to the number of times per day a medicatio
PCP prevention--more cases of resistance to sulfa drugs.: Treat Update. 1998 Sep;10(7):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704219; Three studies that are highlighted suggest that PCP-causing microbes are developing resistance to Bactrim/Septra (B/S), the drug of choice for preventing the life-threatening complications caused by PCP, toxoplasmosis, and bacterial pneumonia. While resistance does not appear to be happening on a large scale, it is a
Stopping CMV prophylaxis with HAART.: Treat Update. 1998 Sep;10(7):4-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704220; Preliminary data indicates that the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in people with AIDS may prolong remission of CMV retinitis by causing the CD4+ cells to rise above 100. This increase in CD4+ cells creates a natural protection against CMV i
Nelfinavir access in Canada.: Treat Update. 1998 Sep;10(7):6, 8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704221; Due to the licensing of Nelfinavir in Canada , Agouron Pharmaceuticals will stop enrolling subjects into its Nelfinavir expanded access program. Current participants will continue receiving the drug under the program for up to 90 days following l
Testosterone for weight loss.: Treat Update. 1998 Sep;10(7):6-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704222; A placebo-controlled study of 51 HIV-infected males revealed that subjects receiving Testosterone gained muscle weight and felt better than subjects who did not receive Testosterone. All subjects had an average CD4+ count of 175 cells and had low levels of free Testosterone. Subjects who received the Testosterone, inj
Conference underscores differences between AIDS theory and practice.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):97-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704228; Researchers at the 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva presented reports showing that highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) does save lives, but its success is dependant on whether patients will endure the side effects, and for how long, especially in the absence of HIV-related symptoms. Unfortunately, one stu
New drugs garner interest; but inhibitors lose shine.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):99-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704229; Researchers at the 12th Worlds AIDS Conference in Geneva provided a strong case for offering alternative drug options to patients. Resistance problems continue to accompany protease inhibitors , but other studies are identifying new options for extended therapy, such
Metabolic consequences present new challenge.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704230; The 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva reported disturbing metabolic side effects from potent new therapies, particularly those therapies that use protease inhibitors . Cases of lipodystrophy, hypercholesterole anemia, and coronary artery disease have been reported
Fast, total suppression called key to treatment.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):102-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704231; The rapid reduction of viral loads is an important determinant of the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy. For some patients, the therapy cannot suppress the virus enough to stop replication or the development of drug resistance. Reservoirs of latent virus may still exist in some patients even when the virus is no
Resistance testing grows more prevalent in U.S.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):103-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704232; Researchers at the 12th Worlds AIDS Conference in Geneva reported that drug resistance tests could become an integral part of managing HIV patients, especially since the problem of resistance continues to grow. The International AIDS Society-USA has provided the first official guidelines for drug resistance testing. T
Court ruling may change Medicaid disability policy.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):104-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704233; The U.S. Supreme Court has upheld a lower court s ruling confirming that refusing any type of medical treatment to an asymptomatic HIV-positive person is discrimination and therefore is covered under the Americans with Disabilities Act. This ruling has implications for Medicaid guidelines which currently deny coverage
Early treatment access called cost-effective.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704234; Early treatment for poor and uninsured HIV-positive people appears cost effective and therefore justifies changing Medicaid reimbursement guidelines. Specifically, a study found that early treatment delayed progression to AIDS and prolonged survival at a cost within the range of generally accepted cost- effective medi
Study follows PEP for sexual exposures.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):106-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704235; A study of 151 patients, who began postexposure prophylaxis treatment (PEP) after having been exposed to HIV, attempted to examine the efficacy of PEP in preventing HIV seroconversion. Although PEP has been used in this context for some time, physicians who are prescribing it are not collecting the necessary data for
Postexposure treatment not easy to swallow.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):107. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704236; While postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) reduces the chances of HIV infection for exposed health care workers, a study showed that approximately one-third of those starting PEP did not complete their course of drugs. The primary reason for stopping PEP was the inability to tolerate the side effects. It has been found that
HIV prevention programs proven cost-effective.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):107-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704237; A study indicates that HIV prevention programs are cost-effective. Based on the average lifetime cost of treating HIV, now estimated at $154,000, scientists estimate that only 3,995 infections must be prevented for a program to save money. Only 1,255 infections must be prevented for the program to be cost-effective.
Nonadherence raises concerns over resistance.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):108. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704238; Only 65 percent of patients on antiretroviral drug regimens follow their regimens as directed. Researchers also found that patients are more likely to take their medications as directed if they have been on the therapy for less than 2 years. Poor compliance is expected to hasten the emergence of drug-resistant HIV.
Intervention can help reduce risky sexual behavior.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Sep;13(9):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704239; The National Institute of Mental Health conducted the largest randomized, controlled, HIV behavioral intervention study ever conducted in the United States . The study involved 3,706 people attending 37 inner-city community-based clinics. The intervention consisted of seven 90- to 120-m
What hath HAART wrought? Or the social contract.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Sep;4(9):14-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704240; Mascolini M; Presentations at the 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva examined the legacy and future of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Conference attendees revealed that the cache of memory T cells does dwindle in some HAART-treated persons, that HAART can continue to increase CD4+ counts for 2 years or more, that
Pediatric HIV disease: bridging a child-size gap.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Sep;4(9):48-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704241; Pincock S; Two presentations at the 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva described the fundamental gap found between developing and industrialized nations in the prevention and management of pediatric HIV disease. It is revealed that in industrialized countries, Zidovudine prophylaxis, replacement feeding, and judicious use of c
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV coinfection.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Sep;4(9):58-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704242; Nary G; Hepatitis C virus (HCV)/HIV coinfection is a burgeoning epidemic that received considerable attention at the 12th World AIDS Conference. Risk factors, transmission, coinfection and disease progression, treatment options, and the side effects of hepatitis B virus (HBV)/HCV coinfection are discussed. Among the findings
HIV phenotype & genotype data highlights Lake Maggiore meeting.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Sep;4(9):60-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704243; Este JA; Clotet B; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.; Researchers convened in Italy to discuss state-of-the-art antiretroviral treatment, the most recent data on the development of resistance in naive and experienced patients, and ways to reconstruct the immune system in the early and later stages of HIV disease. Participants reviewed
The Norvir switch.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1998 Sep;4(9):64-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704244; Schoofs M; Village Voice, New York, NY.; Patients on Norvir treatment regimens, who receive counseling from their physicians, may adjust more easily to switching from Norvir capsules to Norvir liquid, and may be more likely to adhere to their prescribed regimen. Physicians may want to try a
Sparing the protease for some spoils the price for all.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1998 Sep;12(9):1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704245; Grinberg L; DuPont Pharmaceuticals has introduced efavirenz ( Sustiva ) at a much higher price than was expected. Since it may spare patients from using a protease inhibitor, and it has a once dail
Crixivan warning: keep to three times a day.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1998 Sep;12(9):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704246; Gilden D; As a result of a study that was testing dosing levels of Indinavir ( Crixivan ) with AZT /
Another expensive drug for your cocktail.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1998 Sep;12(9):3-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704247; Gilden D; Efavirenz ( Sustiva ), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) developed by DuPont Pharmaceuticals, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration. DuPont has promote
NNRTIs: a neglected class.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1998 Sep;12(9):6-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704248; Cadman J; Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) are a class of antiretrovirals that are effective in suppressing viral activity when used in combination with other antiretroviral agents. Nevirapine, Delavirdine , and
A rocky road for nucleotide analogs.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1998 Sep;12(9):10-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704249; Cadman J; Nucleotide analogs, such as cidofovir (Vistide) and adefovir (Preveon) by Gilead Science, are a class of drugs that have demonstrated antiviral activity, but have been linked to some significant side effects. Impaired renal function, incidences of eye inflammation, and temporary hearing loss, have been associated with
Set back for nerve growth factor.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1998 Sep;12(9):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704250; Cadman J; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) has suspended Genentech , Inc. s plan to file a new drug application for nerve growth factor (NGF), a genetically engineered substance developed to combat HIV-related neuropathy. The FDA found that the results fr
Bridging the gap?: AIDS Clin Care. 1998 Sep;10(9):65-7, 69, 72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704251; del Rio C; Soto-Ramirez LE; At the 12th World AIDS Conference in Geneva many sessions discussed the reality that although AIDS treatment has made major advances, it remains financially out of reach for most of the world s population. Since the Vancouver conference, an additional 10 million people have become infected with HIV. A chart shows the
Should we argue with success?: AIDS Clin Care. 1998 Sep;10(9):68, 72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704252; Deeks SG; Sax PE; A case study is presented of a man who was diagnosed with HIV several years ago, and who has been responding well to a d4T / 3TC regimen. Dr. Steven Deeks and Dr. Paul Sax both describe
It's back to work we go?: Body Posit. 1998 Sep;XI(9):12-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704253; Engle L; The ability of people with AIDS to return to work is being discussed by: Mark King, Director of Education and Communication for AID Atlanta; Peter Newman, Co-President of Diversity Services, Inc.; Per Larson, financial advisor and advocate for the seriously ill; and Dr. John Weiser, former Medical Director for the HIV
HIV and nutrition.: Body Posit. 1998 Sep;XI(9):24-7, 30-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704254; Tinnerello D; Cabrini Medical Center, New York, NY.; Nutrition plays a big part in enabling patients to properly take medication, manage side effects, and maintain adequate nourishment. Recommendations for light snacks are included, as are remedies for unpleasant tastes caused by some medications. Weight gain is an issue for all AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy.
One pot, one spoon, one delicious meal.: Body Posit. 1998 Sep;XI(9):28-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704255; Abdale F; Gay Men's Health Crisis, New York, NY.; The idea of cooking with limited equipment, nutritious ingredients, and smaller portions has produced a series of recipes that can be cooked in one pot, and can provide a good source of protein. Guidelines for choosing and storing foods, and saving money are discussed. Six recipes for one-dish meals are detailed.
Single-room occupancy hotels: possible solutions and alternatives.: Body Posit. 1998 Sep;XI(9):35-9 concl. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704256; Foley D; New York City s Division of AIDS Services and Income Support (DASIS) places clients in economical, commercial residences in one of 33 hotels in the New York City area, termed single-room occupancy (SRO) hotels. There have been many problems with these hotels in terms of safety and health. One problem is how to enforce
The theater project at Housing Works: break a leg.: Body Posit. 1998 Sep;XI(9):43-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704257; Applestone J; Housing Works, an organization which provides supportive housing and services to people with AIDS, founded a theater group in 1992. Using their own clients as actors, the theater group attempts to express the plight and life experiences of people living with AIDS. The messages of the plays are meant to enlighten audie
Hydroxyurea--ever more fascinating.: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):1-3, 9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704258; Horn T; Hydroxyurea, which has already been approved as a treatment for leukemia and advanced ovarian cancer, now appears to be effective in slowing HIV viral replication in virtually all immune system cells and tissues. It does not appear to cause resistance, and it also increases the activity of some antiviral drugs against
Thalidomide--the story goes on....: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):1, 7, 9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704259; Learned J; The FDA has approved Thalidomide under the brand name THALOMID. The manufacturer, Celgene Corporation, has developed a distribution and training program for THALOMID, to minimize the possibility of the potentially devastating side effects associat
One from column A and two from column B.: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):4-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704260; Niedzolkowski M; The PWA Health Group is often asked for information on alternative, complementary, holistic, natural, supplemental, or traditional therapies. These terms are often confusing for those using them. Definitions and explanations are provided for each of the therapies. Some examples are also included for when each therapy
Warning: Norvir (Ritonavir) problems with capsule manufacturing.: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704261; Abbott Laboratories is having a problem with the manufacturing of the Norvir ( Ritonavir ) capsules, and is ceasing distribution until the problem
New trial starting.: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704262; The National Institutes of Health is starting a small trial of a new HIV vaccine in combination with standard antiviral therapy. The goal is to restore a HIV-specific immune response in patients with early HIV disease. Volunteers must have T-cell counts above 500, and either be on antiviral treatment or be willing to
Potential interactions between cholesterol lowering drugs and protease inhibitors.: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704263; Some people on highly active antiretroviral combination therapy with protease inhibitors are experiencing elevated cholesterol levels. Some doctors are treating this elevated cholesterol by prescribing cholesterol-lo
NTZ--still promising but Unimed walks.: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704264; Learned J; The FDA Advisory Committee recommended that Unimed s NTZ (Cryptaz) not be approved until more data is presented. The PWA Health Group has been importing the drug for PWAs with cryptosporidiosis for more than 2 years, partly because there are no other effective treatments for this infe
Ribavirin approved with a big fat price.: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704265; Falkenberg J; Schering-Plough has received FDA approval to market a combination of Ribavirin and Interferon-Alpha for the treatment of hepatitis C. The approval has only been granted for patients who have relapsed after previously being treated by Interferon
New expanded access drugs for use in combination therapy.: Notes Undergr. 1998 Sep-Oct;(No 37):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704266; Sustiva ( efavirenz ), Ziagen ( abacavir ), and Pre
Protease problems.: STEP Perspect. 1998 Fall;98(3):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704267; Price J; The four approved protease inhibitors : Nelfinavir, Indinavir , Saquinavir, and Ritonavir are an important part of highly active ant
Muscle up.: STEP Perspect. 1998 Fall;98(3):6-7, 12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704268; March R; People with HIV have a difficult time sustaining muscle mass, which can result in decreased energy and a higher chance of developing AIDS-related illnesses. Creatine, a substance in the body which helps to develop lean muscle mass and strength, is depleted with normal movement and exercise and can be replenished throu
STEP's 12th World AIDS Conference report.: STEP Perspect. 1998 Fall;98(3):8-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704269; Schouten JT; Presentations at the 12th World AIDS Conference underscored the value of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in managing HIV. One of the main issues was not whether to use HAART, but when to begin using it. Data presented from several studies showed that a group of latently infected CD4 cells is continually
Weighty matters.: STEP Perspect. 1998 Fall;98(3):13-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704270; Beesley S; Maurice J; People with HIV and AIDS need to monitor their diet and nutrition, especially considering the elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels that can accompany protease inhibitor therapy. It is suggested that cholesterol and triglyceride levels be checked every 6 months by a doctor. Suggested levels for cholesterol and
Acupuncture.: STEP Perspect. 1998 Fall;98(3):19-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704271; Dahlgren C; Acupuncture is being used by many people with HIV and AIDS to bolster their ability to heal themselves. Acupuncture works on physical, emotional, and mental factors concurrently. Several symptoms of HIV have been reported as treatable with acupuncture. The concept behind acupuncture is to use small needles to stimulat
University of Washington AIDS Clinical Trials Unit: list of studies - July 1998.: STEP Perspect. 1998 Fall;98(3):21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704272; Patients are needed for antiretroviral studies at the University of Washington. Screening, medications, and associated tests are free. The list of studies includes the requirements for each study, the drug or topic being studied, and an overview of the study. Contact information is provided.
Drug failure and HIV resistance create frustrating scenarios for clinicians.: Fac Notes. 1998 Sep-Oct;10(5):1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704273; Murphy MJ; While advances in HIV treatment have been impressive in the past 2 years, doctors remain frustrated by the inability to achieve or maintain undetectable viral loads in many patients. The consensus is that ongoing viral replication will consistently lead to increasing viral burdens and to the clinical progression of th
LaCARP seeks patients for trial of immune system builder.: Fac Notes. 1998 Sep-Oct;10(5):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704274; The Louisiana Community AIDS Research Program (LaCARP) at Tulane University is recruiting and enrolling volunteers for a trial on the effectiveness of recombinant Interleukin-2 (rIL-2), in helping to build the immune system. The study is open to patients with T-cell counts greater than 350. Volunteers will receive inj
Caregivers of HIV/AIDS patients need care themselves.: Fac Notes. 1998 Sep-Oct;10(5):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704275; Gordon-Garofalo V; Tulane University, Graduate School of Social Work, New Orleans,h; LA.; Family and friends of HIV/AIDS patients are informal caregivers that can provide significant social support and practical assistance for patients. However, social workers and other professionals often fail to take a caregiver s needs into account. Caregivers and AIDS patients can suffer from similar types of grief, st
Finding a balance: confidentiality versus the duty to warn.: Fac Notes. 1998 Sep-Oct;10(5):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704276; Murphy G; Murphy and McKnight, New Orleans, LA.; There is a great deal of confusion among medical providers on the issue of patient confidentiality. Providers often must weigh whether it is correct to protect a patient s right to non-disclosure compared to a third-party s right to know of potential exposure to HIV or other infectious illnesses. Several case studies
Geneva conference points out problems.: Fac Notes. 1998 Sep-Oct;10(5):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704277; Kissinger P; There are an estimated 30 million people who are infected with HIV worldwide, and the unequal access to treatment options continues to grow between developing and developed countries. Several treatment and prevention options are addressed, such as the status of vaccine development and rapid HIV testing. The effectiven
Geneva reports have implications for dental providers.: Fac Notes. 1998 Sep-Oct;10(5):11-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704278; Ritchie J; Louisiana State University, School of Dentistry, Baton Rouge, LA.; At the Geneva World AIDS Conference there were several presentations which were of particular interest to dentists. One presentation discussed how saliva proteins and saliva pH are altered by HIV infection. In another presentation, it was explained that CD4 counts may predict the development of oral candidiasis. Occup
Caregivers need to know what to expect at the end of life.: Fac Notes. 1998 Sep-Oct;10(5):13-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704279; Kutzen H; For many caregivers, dealing with a terminally ill patient is their first experience in witnessing an impending death, and often caregivers are not told what signs to look for. As a consequence, many of the normal body responses are interpreted as medical emergencies and result in unnecessary emergency room visits and
Antivirals update.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):4-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704280; Highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) that do not incorporate a protease inhibitor (PI) have received much attention in attempts to find effective treatment alternatives. HAART without PIs can extend the future options of some patients, to allow switching to a PI therapy later in treatment, or to avoid unplea
Salvage therapy studies.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704281; Salvage therapies are treatments that are implemented for people who have been unable to suppress viral loads below the limit of quantification using one or more protease inhibitor- containing regimens. Results of a small study showed that 20 people raised their antiviral activity by adding Nevirapine, a non-nucleosid
New drugs in development.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704282; Current treatment strategies need to be planned carefully, because there is an inadequate supply of new types of drugs available to treat people who have failed previous therapies. It is important to fully use existing therapies so as not to limit future options. Drugs in development include: ABT-378, a protease inhib
Geno- and phenotypic resistance tests.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):9-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704283; There are two types of experimental drug resistance tests, genotypic and phenotypic, that may be able to determine a person s level of resistance to certain HIV drugs. Genotypic resistance testing seeks mutations in the genetic structure of HIV. The analysis is typically conducted from a blood test, and several method
Therapy side effects update.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):11-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704284; Lipodystrophy has been reported by some as one of the side effects of protease inhibitor therapy. However, evidence of lipodystrophy occurring prior to protease therapy supports the premise that this phenomenon has unknown origins. Characteristics of this disorder are the redistribution of fat to unusual places in the
Women at the conference.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704285; At the 12th World AIDS Conference womens issues were recognized and addressed through several sessions devoted to clinical care, vertical transmission of HIV, prevention, therapies, and side effects. Further research is needed on topics related to gynecological issues and pregnancy. Inequality of treatment and lack of
Ritonavir alert.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704286; A problem with the production of Ritonavir capsules may cause a shortage of the drug. During the production of the capsules, a crystalline structure developed, which may affect drug absorption by the body. Ritonavir oral solution can be substituted, a
Opportunistic infections update.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):13-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704287; Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has effectively decreased the incidence of opportunistic infections (OIs), and thereby reduced research efforts to find alternative treatments to prevent or treat OIs. However, research on treating OIs is still needed. For instance, It is suggested that people who are co-in
Nerve growth factor for peripheral neuropathy.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704288; Nerve growth factor (NGF), developed by Genentech , could be a possible treatment for HIV- related peripheral neuropathy . A study of 270 people treated with NGF showed promising results. Further testing needs to be performed to judge
Treatment of gynecological conditions in women.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704289; Women with HIV who have certain gynecologic conditions, such as yeast infections or particular pre-cancerous lesions, may require higher doses of medicine to treat these conditions. Other disorders like gonorrhea, chlamydia, and pelvic inflammatory disease seem to require similar treatment responses for HIV-positive a
Transmission of resistant HIV.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704290
Sildenafil (Viagra) drug interactions.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704291; Sildenafil, a recently approved drug, should not be used by people who are using organic nitrates, blood pressure medications, or certain HIV medications. Some protease inhibitors can increase sildenafil citrate levels in the blood. Drugs such as
Immune based therapy update.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):17-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704292; There were several presentations at the World AIDS Conference on immune-based therapies. Four studies on Interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) ascertained that IL-2 produced significant increases in CD4+ cell counts, without increasing viral load, and produced fewer side effects when a
Antivirals and children.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):19-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704293; To augment the limited antiviral treatments available for children, new therapies to treat children are being investigated. On recommendation from Federal guidelines, many treatment regimens approved for adults are being prescribed for children, but these have little information available about dosing and long-term ef
Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):22-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704294; Vertical transmission of HIV can be reduced, however, anti-HIV therapy and proper prenatal care are not always available to all women who need them. The Bay Area Perinatal AIDS Center (BAPAC) in San Francisco has attacked these issues and has reduced the number of vertical transmissions to virtually zero. BAPAC s comp
Report from the Seventh Immune Restoration Think Tank.: PI Perspect. 1998 Sep;(No 25):23-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704295; The Immune Restoration Think Tank addressed research questions on issues relating to the immune environment, advances in tools to measure immune response, and therapies for treating advanced HIV. A study of the thymus, which is where cells grow, concluded that there was some thymus regeneration in people with CD4 cell
Report from the 12th World AIDS Conference: the psychology of treatment. The difficult road from Geneva.: Focus. 1998 Oct;13(11):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704296; Sherr L; University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.; The 12th World AIDS Conference confirmed that a gap still exists between the efforts of developed nations to combat AIDS and developing nations who have little or no access to care. For those who have access, the recommendation of combination antiviral therapy was balanced by questions of how long the effects could be
Clearinghouse: the AIDS conference.: Focus. 1998 Oct;13(11):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704297; Information is provided regarding ordering conference abstracts, visuals, and audio tapes from the 12th World AIDS Conference. The official conference web site is listed. A series of journal and newsletter articles on the subject are referenced, along with upcoming conference information.
New epidemics: the global status of HIV.: Focus. 1998 Oct;13(11):5-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704298; McFarland W; DeCarlo P; University of California San Francisco, Center for AIDS; Prevention Studies, CA.; Information from the 12th World AIDS Conference indicated that AIDS is the leading cause of death by infectious disease. Sub-Saharan Africa appears to be the most affected region, which together with parts of Asia, houses 89 percent of individuals with HIV. Statistics for specific regions are cited. At the conference
Beyond stereotypes: stigma and counseling.: Focus. 1998 Nov;13(12):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704299; Fullilove MT; Columbia University, Clinical Psychiatry and Public Health, New; York, NY.; Stereotyping a person predisposes the observer to an image of what a person is like, rather than understanding a person as an individual. It is important to understand the roots of stereotyping, and the ways that it is used, in order to prevent it from being employed in therapeutic situations. Four observations about
Clearinghouse: cross-cultural work.: Focus. 1998 Nov;13(12):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704300; A list of references on cross-cultural work is presented. It includes information on counseling as it relates to racial and cultural sensitivity and awareness. Contact information is also provided.
HIV and culture: working downhill.: Focus. 1998 Nov;13(12):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704301; Houston-Hamilton A; Day NA; University of California San Francisco, CA.; The phrase working downhill refers to recognizing a person s underlying motivations, rather than assuming that a certain mode of behavior is appropriate for all people. One way to counsel a patient with HIV is to work downhill by understanding the patient s perceptions of HIV, and counseling within that framework. T
OI prophylaxis in antiretroviral responders: stay the course or bite the bullet?: AIDS Clin Care. 1998 Oct;10(10):73-5, 79-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704302; Currier JS; Several studies have been conducted to assess opportunistic infection (OI) risk to patients on antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral therapy appears to have improved immunologic function, resulting in fewer occurrences of OIs. Results from these studies may be used to decide whether or not to continue using prophylax
Too little of a good thing.: AIDS Clin Care. 1998 Oct;10(10):76-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704303; Friedland GH; Gulick RM; Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY.; A case study is presented on the therapeutic dilemmas surrounding the introduction of antiretroviral therapy. Such dilemmas can include a patient s willingness to understand and adhere to a prescribed regimen or how to deal with side effects that may occur as a result of a regimen. This case involves a 38-year-old, HI
HIV-1 drug resistance assays in clinical management.: AIDS Clin Care. 1998 Nov;10(11):81-5, 87-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704304; Martinez-Picado J; D'Aquila R; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.; Current antiretroviral therapy is based on combinations of three or more drugs which reduce viral loads to undetectable levels, leading to clinical improvement in most patients. These therapies require significant monitoring, and HIV RNA levels and CD4 cell counts should be the main laboratory criteria for judging the
Efavirenz (SUSTIVA) approved.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Oct 2;(No 304):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704305; James JS; Efavirenz (SUSTIVA), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), was approved for adults and children by the Food and Drug Administration. As with other NNRTI s, efavirenz must be taken with additional antiretroviral drugs. Decisions abo
Crixivan (Indinavir): three doses daily, not two, in most regimens.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Oct 2;(No 304):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704306; James JS; A change in dosing of Indinavir ( Crixivan ) from two times per day to three times per day is recommended for patients who are taking Indinavir with nucleoside analogs. However, twice d
Amprenavir (Agenerase) now available in expanded access.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Oct 2;(No 304):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704307; Patients whose current treatment uses a protease inhibitor and has failed can participate in an expanded access program for amprenavir ( Agenerase ), a new protease inhibitor (PI) from
Iscador update: interview with Robert Gorter, M.D. [interview by Fred Gardner]: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Oct 2;(No 304):7-8 contd. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704308; Gorter R; Dr. Robert Gorter, associate clinical professor at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center, was asked about research he is currently conducting on iscador, a mistletoe extract which may improve immune responses. Phase III trials are currently being conducted in South
California ADAP alert.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Oct 16;(No 305):1, 6-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704309; James JS; Hundreds of California residents began having their AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP) eligibility rejected as a result of a Federal regulation that requires ADAP participants to reapply each year. Few were given prior warning of their eligibility expiring. Most participants will remain eligible, and there are emerge
Nelfinavir (Viracept) price increase 4.6 percent.: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Oct 16;(No 305):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704310; Agouron Pharmaceuticals is raising the price of its protease inhibitor Nelfinavir ( Viracept ) by 4.6 percent. The total cost increase for the drug could be 15 percent for people on twice-daily dosing. The cost incre
Cannabis and cannabidiol: interview with Robert Gorter, M.D. [interview by Fred Gardner]: AIDS Treat News. 1998 Oct 16;(No 305):4-6 concl. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704311; Gorter R; Dr. Robert Gorter, a professor at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center, is interviewed about his work organizing clinical trials of a cannabis extract. Gorter hopes to demonstrate that the extract can lead to weight gain in patients with HIV or cancer. Gorter will not pursue drug studies where the
As HIV spreads among injection drug users, treatment lags behind.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Oct;13(10):109-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704312; Baltimore and Canadian studies are revealing that antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not being provided as often as it should be, and as a result, HIV rates are increasing. Many of the HIV-infected injection drug users (IDUs) that are not receiving ART are younger IDUs and women. Stereotyping and drug regimen complexity
Higher priority urged for needlestick prevention.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Oct;13(10):113-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704313; Opinion is divided over how to best prevent the estimated 80,000 needlestick injuries in U.S. health facilities each year. It is believed that a national safety alert, co-sponsored by the United States Food and Drug Administration, is needed to inform health facilities and their employ
Syringe exchanges expand despite government ban.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Oct;13(10):115-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704314; Evidence indicates that syringe-exchange programs (SEP) continue to grow despite the ban on Federal funding. Evidence also shows that a SEP program can reduce HIV transmission and not increase drug use. It is recommended that communities contact one another for SEP advice on how to set up programs and get community su
Trial shows Nonoxynol 9 efficacy is questionable.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Oct;13(10):117-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704315; The first real-life controlled trial of the spermicide Nonoxynol 9 (N-9) has indicated that N-9 may be ineffective in reducing rates of HIV, gonorrhea, or chlamydia. Also, there is concern that since N-9 causes vaginal irritation, it may increase the chances of developing infections or possibly increase HIV risk. Th
Rakai trial showers sparks over STD-HIV link.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Oct;13(10):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704316; The Rakai, Uganda randomized community-based trial has shown that providing intensive mass treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) was ineffective in decreasing the rate of new HIV infections. The results contradict an earlier trial in Mwanza,
New drug proves potent against infections.: AIDS Alert. 1998 Oct;13(10):suppl 2-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704317; Cotrimoxazole (Bactrim) has been shown effective in preventing most of the opportunistic infections (OIs) prevalent in Western Africa. Reductions of OIs mortality by 48 percent and hospitalizations by 44 percent are reported from one cotrimoxazole trial. It is suggested that there is a great need for basic prophylacti
Twice daily Indinavir trial stopped.: Treat Update. 1998 Oct;10(8):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704318; A study by Merck, Inc. of twice-a-day Indinavir ( Crixivan ), taken with AZT and
Efavirenz use may cause false positive result for marijuana.: Treat Update. 1998 Oct;10(8):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704319; Efavirenz ( Sustiva ) is a potent anti-HIV medication that is comparable to Indinavir in lowering viral load and elev
Efavirenz approved in the U.S.: Treat Update. 1998 Oct;10(8):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704320; Efavirenz , an NNRTI, has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Efavirenz is taken once daily and is used in combination with other drugs. Efavirenz is also able to strike HIV in the brain, which may prevent some possible neurological
Nevirapine receives green light from Health Protection Branch.: Treat Update. 1998 Oct;10(8):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/99704321; Nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is related to Delavirdine and efavirenz , and was given a conditional Notice of Compliance by Canada s Health Protection B
Intranasal administration of retinal antigens induces transient T cell activation and apoptosis within drainage lymph nodes but not spleen.: J Autoimmun. 1999 May;12(3):145-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99240531; Laliotou B; Duncan L; Dick AD; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Aberdeen Medical; School, Aberdeen, Foresterhill, AB25 2ZD, UK.; Mechanisms of mucosal tolerance induction, including anergy/deletion and active suppression are frequently described as mutually exclusive; dependent upon nature, dose and route of antigen administration. We have previously described induction of low-dose tolerance with administration of retinal autoantigens via the n
Spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in NOD.H-2h4 mice.: J Autoimmun. 1999 May;12(3):157-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99240532; Braley-Mullen H; Sharp GC; Medling B; Tang H; Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Columbia, MO, 65212, USA. helen_mullen@muccmail; NOD.H-2h4 mice, which express I-Ak on the NOD genetic background, spontaneously develop autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) and anti-mouse thyroglobulin (MTg) autoantibodies. The incidence of SAT is nearly 100% in mice of both sexes 6-8 weeks after administration of 0.05% NaI in the drinking water. After reaching maximum sev
Prevention of murine EAE by oral hydrolytic enzyme treatment.: J Autoimmun. 1999 May;12(3):191-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99240535; Targoni OS; Tary-Lehmann M; Lehmann PV; Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve; University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA.; Clinical trials that test the efficacy of Phlogenzym (consisting of the hydrolytic enzymes bromelain and trypsin and the anti-oxidant rutosid) as a treatment for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis are presently ongoing. We tested the effects
Th1 and Th2 cytokines in organ transplantation: paradigm lost?: Crit Rev Immunol. 1999;19(2):155-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99281168; Zhai Y; Ghobrial RM; Busuttil RW; Kupiec-Weglinski JW; Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, University of California School of; Medicine, Los Angeles 90095, USA.; Identification of CD4+ T helper lymphocyte subsets that exhibit distinct cytokine elaboration patterns has provided a valuable framework for understanding the heterogeneity of the immune response. Much progress has been made in recent years in defining the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which cytokines induce T
Global and local structural properties of the principal neutralizing determinant of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120.: J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1999 Feb;16(4):931-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231812; Andrianov AM; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Belarus Academy of Sciences,; Minsk, Republic of Belarus. ibochbel@ns.igs.ac.by; The model of spatial structure for the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 is proposed in terms of two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) spectroscopy data. To build the model, the NMR-based theoretical conformational analysis of synthetic PND peptides of length 40, 24
Diversity of the T-cell receptor BV repertoire in HIV-1-infected patients reflects the biphasic CD4+ T-cell repopulation kinetics during highly active antiretroviral therapy.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):F235-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090748; Kostense S; Raaphorst FM; Notermans DW; Joling J; Hooibrink B; Pakker NG; Danner SA; Teale JM; Miedema F; Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, CLB Sanquin Blood Supply; Foundation and Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental; Immunology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) induces a decline in viral load and a biphasic increase in peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients. To evaluate the effect of HAART on T-cell receptor (TCR) diversity of repopulating naive and memory CD4+ T cells, complementarity determining
Antiretroviral therapies in pregnancy: maternal, fetal and neonatal effects. Swiss HIV Cohort Study, the Swiss Collaborative HIV and Pregnancy Study, and the Swiss Neonatal HIV Study [see comments]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):F241-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090749; Lorenzi P; Spicher VM; Laubereau B; Hirschel B; Kind C; Rudin C; Irion O; Kaiser L; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Geneva,; Switzerland.; BACKGROUND: Therapies containing two reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI) with or without protease inhibitors are used with increasing frequency in pregnant HIV-infected women. OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety of antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women and their n
Changes in renal function associated with indinavir.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):F249-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090750; Boubaker K; Sudre P; Bally F; Vogel G; Meuwly JY; Glauser MP; Telenti A; Division of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.; BACKGROUND: Indinavir use is associated with a spectrum of renal and urinary tract complications including nephrolithiasis, renal colic and pain without recognizable lithiasis, and a picture of crystalluria-dysuria. A frank nephropathy has not been re
Lest we forget: neuropsychiatry and the new generation anti-HIV drugs [editorial]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2365-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090751; Gonzalez A; Everall IP
Variations in HIV-1 pol gene associated with reduced sensitivity to antiretroviral drugs in treatment-naive patients.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2369-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090752; Birk M; Sonnerborg A; Division of Clinical Virology, Huddinge University Hospital,; Karolinska Institute, Sweden.; OBJECTIVE: Various drugs against the HIV-1 enzymes reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease have been introduced in the last few years: protease inhibitors , nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTI) and non-NRTI (NNRTI). Several sequence variations associated with reduced drug
HIV-1 gp120 increases the permeability of rat brain endothelium cultures by a mechanism involving substance P.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2377-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090753; Annunziata P; Cioni C; Toneatto S; Paccagnini E; Institute of Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To analyse whether an HIV-1 envelope protein might play a role in damaging the blood-brain barrier as a fundamental step in the early invasion of the central nervous system by HIV-1. DESIGN: Analysis of permeability of rat brain endothelium cultures to albumin, to assess the functional integrity of the vasc
Immune activation in HIV-infected African individuals. Italian-Ugandan AIDS cooperation program.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2387-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090754; Rizzardini G; Trabattoni D; Saresella M; Piconi S; Lukwiya M; Declich S; Fabiani M; Ferrante P; Clerici M; I Divisione di Malattie Infettive, Universita di Milano, Milan,; Italy.; OBJECTIVE: Immune activation induced by chronic infections, dietary limitations, and poor hygienic conditions is suggested to be present in African HIV infection and is at the basis of the hypothesis that HIV infection in Africa could be prevalently associated with immunopathogenetic mechanisms. Very limited data are
Protease inhibitor and triple-drug therapy: cellular immune parameters are not restored in pediatric AIDS patients after 6 months of treatment.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2397-406. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090755; Chougnet C; Fowke KR; Mueller BU; Smith S; Zuckerman J; Jankelevitch S; Steinberg SM; Luban N; Pizzo PA; Shearer GM; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To assess whether treatment of HIV-positive children by antiretroviral drugs for a 6-month period would improve immune function significantly. DESIGN AND METHODS: Immunological assessment of 89 HIV-positive children who received protease inhibitor monotherapy for 12-16 weeks as part of phase I/II studies, f
Induction of immune responses to HIV-1 by canarypox virus (ALVAC) HIV-1 and gp120 SF-2 recombinant vaccines in uninfected volunteers. NIAID AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Group.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2407-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090756; Belshe RB; Gorse GJ; Mulligan MJ; Evans TG; Keefer MC; Excler JL; Duliege AM; Tartaglia J; Cox WI; McNamara J; Hwang KL; Bradney A; Montefiori D; Weinhold KJ; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Saint Louis; University School of Medicine and St. Louis Veterans; Administration Medical Center, Missouri, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the ability of live attenuated canarypox virus expressing HIV antigens to induce CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses and to prime for neutralizing antibody responses to boosting with purified recombinant gp120 subunit vaccine. DESIGN: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, immunogenicity and safe
Evaluation of guidelines for initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy in a longitudinal cohort of HIV-infected individuals.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2417-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090757; Ioannidis JP; O'Brien TR; Goedert JJ; HIV Research Branch, Therapeutics Research Program, Division of; AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; OBJECTIVES: Expert panels have developed several guidelines for initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with HIV infection. To evaluate these guidelines, we simulated their application in a cohort of HIV-infected patients established and followed before HAART was available, and determined h
Neuromuscular function in HIV infection: analysis of a placebo-controlled combination antiretroviral trial. AIDS Clinical Group 175/801 Study Team.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2425-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090758; Simpson DM; Katzenstein DA; Hughes MD; Hammer SM; Williamson DL; Jiang Q; Pi JT; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York 10029, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of peripheral neuropathy and myopathy in HIV-infected subjects enrolled in a combination antiretroviral treatment trial. DESIGN AND METHODS: AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) protocol 175 was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-co
Variation in incidence of indinavir-associated nephrolithiasis among HIV-positive patients.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2433-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090759; Brodie SB; Keller MJ; Ewenstein BM; Sax PE; Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital,; Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; BACKGROUND: Nephrolithiasis may be an important consequence of indinavir therapy; however little has been published on the variation in incidence between different populations of patients or the possible mechanisms of calculus formation. OBJECTIVE: To
A phase II/III trial of antimicrobial therapy with or without amikacin in the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in HIV-infected individuals. AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 135 Study Team.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2439-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090760; Parenti DM; Williams PL; Hafner R; Jacobs MR; Hojczyk P; Hooton TM; Barber TW; Simpson G; van der Horst C; Currier J; Powderly WG; Limjoco M; Ellner JJ; George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC; 20037, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical and microbiologic benefit of adding amikacin to a four-drug oral regimen for treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in HIV-infected patients. DESIGN: A randomized, open-labeled, comparative trial. SETTING: Outpatient clinics. PATIENTS: Seventy-four patients with HI
Twice weekly tuberculosis preventive therapy in HIV infection in Zambia.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2447-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090761; Mwinga A; Hosp M; Godfrey-Faussett P; Quigley M; Mwaba P; Mugala BN; Nyirenda O; Luo N; Pobee J; Elliott AM; McAdam KP; Porter JD; Department of Medicine, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,; Zambia.; BACKGROUND: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted to estimate the efficacy of preventive therapy for tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected adults in Lusaka, Zambia . The main outcome measures were the incidence of TB, mortality and adverse drug reactions. METH
A clinicopathologic analysis of AIDS-related cryptosporidiosis.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2459-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090762; Lumadue JA; Manabe YC; Moore RD; Belitsos PC; Sears CL; Clark DP; Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To characterize the histology of AIDS-associated cryptosporidiosis and identify features that explain the clinical variability. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of HIV-positive individuals with cryptosporidiosis who underwent endoscopy at the Johns Hopkins Hospital between 1985 and 1996. METHODS: The histol
Treatment of AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with highly active antiretroviral therapy.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2467-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090763; Miralles P; Berenguer J; Garcia de Viedma D; Padilla B; Cosin J; Lopez-Bernaldo de Quiros JC; Munoz L; Moreno S; Bouza E; Servicio de Microbiologia y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital; Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 12 patients with AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The diagnosis of PML was established by brain biopsy in six patients and by neuroimaging findings and PCR detection of JC viru
Increased protected sex and abstinence among Namibian youth following a HIV risk-reduction intervention: a randomized, longitudinal study.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2473-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090764; Stanton BF; Li X; Kahihuata J; Fitzgerald AM; Neumbo S; Kanduuombe G; Ricardo IB; Galbraith JS; Terreri N; Guevara I; Shipena H; Strijdom J; Clemens R; Zimba RF; Department of Pediatrics and Center for Minority Health Research,; University of Maryland at Baltimore, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an HIV risk-reduction intervention among Namibian adolescents. METHODS: A randomized trial of a 14-session face-to-face intervention emphasizing abstinence and safer sexual practices conducted among 515 youths (median age 17 years and median grade 11) attending 10 secondary schools located in tw
Seroconversion for human herpesvirus 8 during HIV infection is highly predictive of Kaposi's sarcoma.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2481-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090765; Renwick N; Halaby T; Weverling GJ; Dukers NH; Simpson GR; Coutinho RA; Lange JM; Schulz TF; Goudsmit J; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Centre,; University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; BACKGROUND: The finding of antibodies against human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is associated with the occurrence of Kaposi s sarcoma in persons infected with HIV. However, the predictive value of HHV-8 antibodies for Kaposi s sarcoma in HIV infection is unknown. METHODS: The Amsterdam Cohort Studies on HIV infection and AI
Acceptability of voluntary HIV testing by pregnant women in developing countries: an international survey. Ghent International Working Group on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV.: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2489-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090766; Cartoux M; Meda N; Van de Perre P; Newell ML; de Vincenzi I; Dabis F; Centre Muraz, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate acceptability of voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) by pregnant women in the context of clinical trials assessing interventions to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MCT) of HIV in developing countries. METHODS: During September-October 1997, 13 studies located in West (Abidjan, Bobo
Combination antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy [editorial; comment]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2495-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090767; Scott GB; Tuomala R
Severe coronary artery disease in a young HIV-infected man with no cardiovascular risk factor who was treated with indinavir [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2499. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090768; Karmochkine M; Raguin G
Early increase in cell-associated HIV-1 DNA in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2500-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090769; Galli M; Balotta C; Meroni L; Colombo MC; Papagno L; Bagnarelli P; Testa L; Varchetta S; Colombo L; Moroni M; d'Arminio Monforte A; Clerici M; Clementi M
Survival of HIV-infected patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis under highly active antiretroviral therapy. Groupe d'Epidemiologie Clinique du SIDA en Aquitaine [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2502-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090770; Binquet C; Saillour F; Bernard N; Marimoutou C; Dabis F
Diagnosis of HIV-1/2 dual infection using dilution analysis of type-specific antibody [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2504-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090771; Ariyoshi K; Cham F; Berry N; Harding E; Sabally S; N'Gom PT; Ishikawa K; Corrah T; Tedder R; Whittle H
Immunologic and virologic response of HIV-2 infection to antiretroviral therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2506-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090772; Clark NM; Dieng Sarr A; Sankale JL; Kanki PJ; Kazanjian P; Winfield R; Markovitz DM
HIV serostatus of sexual partners of HIV-positive and HIV-negative homosexual men in Sydney [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2508. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090773; Grulich AE; Prestage GP; Kippax SC; Crawford JM; Van de Ven PG
Testing for HIV in California: volume and seropositivity in private versus public sites [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2508-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090774; Johnson A; Molitor F; Sun R
Therapeutic drug monitoring of methadone in HIV-infected patients receiving protease inhibitors [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2510-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090775; Beauverie P; Taburet AM; Dessalles MC; Furlan V; Touzeau D
Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2511-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090776; Revankar SG; Sanche SE; Dib OP; Caceres M; Patterson TF
Withdrawal of fluconazole suppressive therapy for thrush in patients responding to combination antiviral therapy including protease inhibitors [letter]: AIDS. 1998 Dec 24;12(18):2513-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99090777; Gripshover BM; Valdez H; Salata RA; Lederman MM
Reducing sexual transmission of HIV from those who know they are infected: the need for personal and collective responsibility [editorial]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):297-306. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213311; Marks G; Burris S; Peterman TA
Selection of HIV-1 genotypes by cultivation in different primary cells.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):307-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213312; von Briesen H; Grez M; Ruppach H; Raudonat I; Unger RE; Becker K; Panhans B; Dietrich U; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut, Georg-Speyer-Haus,; Frankfurt am Main, Germany.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the representation of particular HIV-1 genotypes during cultivation in different primary cell-culture systems compared with the spectrum of the quasispecies in vivo. METHODS: Primary isolates of HIV-1 were recovered by isolation in cultures of lymphocytes, mixed mononuclear cells (MNC), and mo
Nitric oxide synthase expression and apoptotic cell death in brains of AIDS and AIDS dementia patients.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):317-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213313; Vincent VA; De Groot CJ; Lucassen PJ; Portegies P; Troost D; Tilders FJ; Van Dam AM; Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Research Institute; Neurosciences Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the occurrence and cellular localization of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), NOS activity and its association with cell death in brains of AIDS and AIDS dementia complex (ADC) patients. DESIGN AND METHODS: Post-mortem cerebral cortex tissue of eight
Increased interleukin-10 in the the endocervical secretions of women with non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases: a mechanism for enhanced HIV-1 transmission?: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):327-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213314; Cohen CR; Plummer FA; Mugo N; Maclean I; Shen C; Bukusi EA; Irungu E; Sinei S; Bwayo J; Brunham RC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195-6460, USA. crcohen@u.washington.edu; OBJECTIVE: Although non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and bacterial vaginosis are implicated as cofactors in heterosexual HIV-1 transmission, the mechanisms have not been defined. Recent in vitro data suggest that interleukin (IL)-10 may increase susceptibility of macrophages to HIV-1 infection. There
HIV-1 infectivity and host range modification by cathepsin D present in human vaginal secretions.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):333-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213315; El Messaoudi K; Thiry L; Van Tieghem N; Liesnard C; Englert Y; Moguilevsky N; Bollen A; Department of Applied Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Erasme; Hospital, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Nivelles, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate HIV-1 infectivity in the natural environment of vaginal secretions. DESIGN: Vaginal wash samples collected from 14 healthy women were incubated in vitro with various HIV-1 strains for 10 min at 37 degrees C and then assayed for infectivity on primary lymphocyte cultures, or on CEM cells, or o
Prognostic value of plasma HIV RNA in the natural history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus and Mycobacterium avium complex. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):341-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213316; Lyles RH; Chu C; Mellors JW; Margolick JB; Detels R; Giorgi JV; Al-Shboul Q; Phair JP; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.; OBJECTIVES: To use follow-up on untreated HIV-positive men to assess the prognostic information provided by baseline data on plasma HIV RNA, CD4 cell count, age, and HIV-related symptom status, separately for three specific AIDS-defining illnesses: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP),
A stochastic model for primary HIV infection: optimal timing of therapy.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):351-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213317; Ribeiro RM; Bonhoeffer S; Welcome Trust Centre for Epidemiology and Infectious Disease,; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the optimal time point for the initiation of therapy in HIV infection from the perspective of drug resistance. BACKGROUND: The enormous genetic diversity of HIV within an infected individual represents one of the greatest challenges for effective therapy, because the viral population may harb
Clinical cross-resistance between the HIV-1 protease inhibitors saquinavir and indinavir and correlations with genotypic mutations.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213318; Schapiro JM; Winters MA; Lawrence J; Merigan TC; OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical efficacy of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor indinavir (IDV) in saquinavir (SQV)-experienced patients and delineate the developing drug-resistance patterns. DESIGN: Open-label prospective clinical trial. SETTING: Univ
Virological response to protease inhibitor therapy in an HIV clinic cohort.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):367-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213319; Staszewski S; Miller V; Sabin C; Carlebach A; Berger AM; Weidmann E; Helm EB; Hill A; Phillips A; Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Medizinische; Klinik III Infektiologie, Frankfurt, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: New antiretroviral strategies aim to reduce plasma HIV RNA (viral load) to below the limits of detectability of assays with the objective of reducing viral replication in order to stop or reverse the pathogenic process and prevent development of drug resistance. First use of a protease inhibitor might offer
Bone marrow macrophage iron grade and survival of HIV-seropositive patients.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):375-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213320; de Monye C; Karcher DS; Boelaert JR; Gordeuk VR; Department of Medicine, The George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA.; OBJECTIVE: Increased iron stores predispose to certain microbial infections. This association might be especially important in patients whose immune system is impaired by HIV. This study examined the relationship between iron stores and the survival times of patients with HIV infection. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis
Evaluation of the World Health Organization staging system for HIV infection and disease in Ethiopia: association between clinical stages and laboratory markers.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):381-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213321; Kassa E; Rinke de Wit TF; Hailu E; Girma M; Messele T; Mariam HG; Yohannes S; Jurriaans S; Yeneneh H; Coutinho RA; Fontanet AL; Ethiopian-Netherlands AIDS Research Project, Ethiopian Health and; Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Abeba.; OBJECTIVE: To study the association between the clinical axis of the World Health Organization (WHO) staging system of HIV infection and disease and laboratory markers in HIV-infected Ethiopians. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Clinical manifestations and stage of HIV-positive
Reductions in risk behaviour provide the most consistent explanation for declining HIV-1 prevalence in Uganda.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):391-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213322; Kilian AH; Gregson S; Ndyanabangi B; Walusaga K; Kipp W; Sahlmuller G; Garnett GP; Asiimwe-Okiror G; Kabagambe G; Weis P; von Sonnenburg F; GTZ Basic Health Services Project, Fort Portal, Uganda.; OBJECTIVE: To monitor the HIV-1 epidemic in Western Uganda and the possible impact of interventions. DESIGN: Results from sentinel surveillance of HIV-1 seroprevalence were compared with cross-sectional serosurvey data and model simulations. METHODS: Age-specific trends in HIV-1 pr
Age of male circumcision and risk of prevalent HIV infection in rural Uganda.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):399-405. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213323; Kelly R; Kiwanuka N; Wawer MJ; Serwadda D; Sewankambo NK; Wabwire-Mangen F; Li C; Konde-Lule JK; Lutalo T; Makumbi F; Gray RH; Department of Population Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University,; School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205,; USA.; OBJECTIVE: To assess whether circumcision performed on postpubertal men affords the same level of protection from HIV-1 acquisition as circumcisions earlier in childhood. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of a population-based cohort. SETTING: Rakai district, rural Uganda . METHODS: A t
Maternal viral load and timing of mother-to-child HIV transmission, Bangkok, Thailand. Bangkok Collaborative Perinatal HIV Transmission Study Group.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):407-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213324; Mock PA; Shaffer N; Bhadrakom C; Siriwasin W; Chotpitayasunondh T; Chearskul S; Young NL; Roongpisuthipong A; Chinayon P; Kalish ML; Parekh B; Mastro TD; HIV/AIDS Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the proportion of HIV-1-infected infants infected in utero and intrapartum, the relationship between transmission risk factors and time of transmission, and the population-attributable fractions for maternal viral load. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study of 218 formula-fed infants of HIV-1-infec
The impact of potent antiretroviral therapy on the characteristics of hospitalized patients with HIV infection.: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):415-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213325; Paul S; Gilbert HM; Ziecheck W; Jacobs J; Sepkowitz KA; Department of Medicine, New York Hospital-Cornell University; Medical College, New York 10021, USA.; OBJECTIVE: Despite advances in antiretroviral treatment, a large number of HIV-infected patients still require hospitalization. This study describes the characteristics of HIV patients requiring hospitalization before and after the advent of potent antiretroviral therapies. METHODS: Information was collected on all HI
Evidence for cdc2 gene in pneumocystis carinii hominis and its implication for culture [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):419-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213326; Kaiser K; Rabodonirina M; Mayencon M; Picot S
High frequency of the 3'A mutation of the SDF-1 gene in Cambodia [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):420-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213327; Rousset D; Soares JL; Reynes JM; Caruz A; Flye Sainte Marie F; Virelizier JL
Alleles that may influence HIV-1 pathogenesis in Chinese subjects [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):421-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213328; Shieh B; Liau YE; Yan YP; Sun HS; Chen MY; Liu YC; Ko NY; Li C
Role of highly active antiretroviral therapy in human papillomavirus-induced genital dysplasia in HIV-1-infected patients [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):424-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213329; Orlando G; Fasolo MM; Schiavini M; Signori R; Cargnel A
Host protein incorporation is conserved among diverse HIV-1 subtypes [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):425-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213330; Roberts BD; Butera ST
Reversal of accelerated neutrophil apoptosis and restoration of respiratory burst activity with r-metHuG-CSF (Filgrastim therapy in patients with AIDS [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):427-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213331; Pitrak DL; Sutton SH; Tsai HC; Mullane KM; Pau AK
Why are the decay rates in plasma HIV-1 different for different treatments and in different patient populations? [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):429-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213332; Wu H; Ding AA; De Gruttola V
Patients with HIV-1 RNA below 1000 copies/ml after 48 weeks on dual nucleoside combination therapy. Delta Coordinating Committee [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):430-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213333; Flandre P
Kaposi's sarcoma is an important risk factor for survival in HIV-infected patients independent of CD4+ cell count [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):432-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213334; Husak R; Mansmann U; Wolfer LU; Geilen CC; Goerdt S; Orfanos CE
An HIV-1-infected individual homozygous for the CCR-5 delta32 allele and the SDF-1 3'A allele [letter]: AIDS. 1999 Feb 25;13(3):433-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213335; Kuipers H; Workman C; Dyer W; Geczy A; Sullivan J; Oelrichs R
Bone marrow derived dendritic cells from patients with multiple myeloma cultured with three distinct protocols do not bear Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus DNA.: Ann Oncol. 1999 Mar;10(3):323-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99281708; Bellos F; Goldschmidt H; Dorner M; Ho AD; Moos M; Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg,; Germany.; BACKGROUND: An association between Kaposi s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM) was postulated recently. The dendritic cells of patients with MM were proposed to be infected with the virus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNC) of 23 patients, 22 with
Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in Tanzania.: Br J Ophthalmol. 1999 Feb;83(2):177-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99324516; Poole TR; Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.; AIMS: To assess changes in incidence of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma over a 22 year period in Tanzania and to analyse possible reasons for change. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of records from a Tanzanian pathology department serving north and central Tanzania from 1976
Osteomyelitis of the mandible in HIV infection [letter]: Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999 Apr;37(2):154. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297740; Chindia ML
Molecular dynamics studies on the HIV-1 integrase catalytic domain.: Biophys J. 1999 Jun;76(6):2999-3011. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284825; Lins RD; Briggs JM; Straatsma TP; Carlson HA; Greenwald J; Choe S; McCammon JA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego,; La Jolla, California 92093-0365, USA.; The HIV-1 integrase, which is essential for viral replication, catalyzes the insertion of viral DNA into the host chromosome, thereby recruiting host cell machinery into making viral proteins. It represents the third main HIV enzyme target for inhibitor design, the first two being the reverse transcriptase and the pro
Polymorphism and interactions of a viral fusion peptide in a compressed lipid monolayer.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99284840; Schwarz G; Taylor SE; With a view toward possible new insights into viral fusion mechanisms, we have investigated the HIV-1 gp41 fusion peptide in a monomolecular film of the biomembrane lipid palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine. Its surface activity at an air/water interface was measured under equilibrium conditions, using the conventional
Reduction of tumour necrosis factor alpha expression and signalling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with thalassaemia or sickle cell anaemia upon treatment with desferrioxamine.: Cytokine. 1999 Feb;11(2):168-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99190650; Bellocq A; Israel-Biet D; Cadranel J; Perez J; Fouqueray B; Kanfer A; Girot R; Baud L; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles and INSERM U489, Hopital; Tenon, Paris, France.; Recent evidence indicates that the rate of progression of the HIV-1 disease is significantly reduced in thalassaemia major patients upon treatment with high doses of desferrioxamine (DFX). The authors have previously demonstrated that in vitro exposure of mononuclear cells to DFX decreases the bioavailability of tumou
An attractive relation of human herpesvirus-8 with multicentric Castleman's disease [editorial; comment]: Intern Med. 1999 Mar;38(3):221-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99268250; Katano H; Sata T
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection in the lung in multicentric Castleman's disease [see comments]: Intern Med. 1999 Mar;38(3):279-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99268264; Hayashi M; Aoshiba K; Shimada M; Izawa Y; Yasui S; Nagai A; Department of Medicine, Chest Institute Tokyo Women's Medical; University.; A 32-year-old female was admitted for evaluation of multiple infiltrates on a chest radiograph. A diagnosis of multicentric Castleman s disease was made on the basis of typical clinical manifestations. Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) revealed histological findings reported in lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Both
A generalized seizure following initiation of nelfinavir in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, suspected due to interaction between nelfinavir and phenytoin.: Intern Med. 1999 Mar;38(3):302-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99268270; Honda M; Yasuoka A; Aoki M; Oka S; AIDS Clinical Center, the International Medical Center of Japan,; Tokyo.; Nelfinavir, one of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) specific protease inhibitors (PIs), is widely used for the treatment of HIV infection. Nelfinavir, which is metabolized with the cytochrome p450 isoforms, elevate the phenytoin level theoretically because nelfinav
Whole body protein turnover in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.: Nutrition. 1999 Mar;15(3):189-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99215125; Henderson RA; Talusan K; Hutton N; Yolken RH; Caballero B; Department of Pediatrics and Center for Human Nutrition, Johns; Hopkins Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Baltimore,; Maryland, USA. robinh@dhmh.state.md.us; The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of whole body protein turnover (WBPT) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children, and to determine the relationship between WBPT and growth. The rate of WBPT was calculated from the cumulative excretion of labeled urinary ammonia after a single intraveno
Dominant infiltration of T(H)1-type CD4+ T cells at the retrobulbar space of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.: Thyroid. 1999 Mar;9(3):305-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226591; Yang D; Hiromatsu Y; Hoshino T; Inoue Y; Itoh K; Nonaka K; Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine,; Asahimachi, Japan.; Lymphocyte infiltration in the retrobulbar space is a prominent histological feature of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). We have characterized phenotypic and functional features of T cells derived from retrobulbar infiltrates of 3 TAO patients to better understand their roles in the disease. One hundred four T
Do patients' ethnic and social factors influence the use of do-not-resuscitate orders?: Ethn Dis. 1999 Winter;9(1):132-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99281613; Thompson BL; Lawson D; Croughan-Minihane M; Cooke M; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,; USA.; OBJECTIVES: To determine whether ethnic and other social factors affect how frequently do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders are written, the timing of DNR orders, or patient involvement in the DNR decision. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. METHODS: Patients who died in one urban teaching hospital on the medicine, cardiology,
The role of interleukin-12 in preserving the graft-versus-leukemia effect of allogeneic CD8 T cells independently of GVHD.: Leuk Lymphoma. 1999 May;33(5-6):409-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271997; Yang YG; Sykes M; Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology; Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical; School, Boston 02129, USA.; Interleukin (IL)-12 is a potent immunostimulatory cytokine and inducer of Th1 cell activity and of cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell function. This cytokine also has anti-tumor activity. Although IL-12 has been shown to be an important pathogenic cytokine in the induction of graft-versus-host disease (GVH
Teaching cases from the Royal Marsden and St Mary's Hospitals case 19: pancytopenia following Hodgkin's disease.: Leuk Lymphoma. 1999 Jun;34(1-2):201-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99277854; Arnold J; Coulter C; Bain BJ; Department of Haematology, St Mary's Hospital, Paddington,; London, UK.
Syndecan-1 (CD 138) in myeloma and lymphoid malignancies: a multifunctional regulator of cell behavior within the tumor microenvironment.: Leuk Lymphoma. 1999 Jun;34(1-2):35-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99277833; Dhodapkar MV; Sanderson RD; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller; University, New York, NY, USA.; Syndecan-1 is a transmembrane proteoglycan expressed on the surface of tumor cells of various origins including myeloma, Hodgkin s disease, and certain human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated lymphomas. Functional studies in myeloma reveal that syndecan-1 may act as a multifunctional regulator of cell behavior i
Risks, costs, and alternatives to platelet transfusions.: Leuk Lymphoma. 1999 Jun;34(1-2):71-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99277837; Webb IJ; Anderson KC; Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115, USA.; The use of platelet transfusions has increased greatly in the past decade and is likely to continue to escalate because of the risks of thrombocytopenia in patients receiving dose-intensive cancer chemotherapy, the increased use of hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation, and the prevalence of human immunodefici
Thermodynamic linkage between the binding of protons and inhibitors to HIV-1 protease.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99224902; Trylska J; Antosiewicz J; Geller M; Hodge CN; Klabe RM; Head MS; Gilson MK; The aspartyl dyad of free HIV-1 protease has apparent pK(a)s of approximately 3 and approximately 6, but recent NMR studies indicate that the aspartyl dyad is fixed in the doubly protonated form over a wide pH range when cyclic urea inhibitors are bound, and in the monoprotonated form when the inhibitor KNI-272 is bou
Nucleolar protein B23 has molecular chaperone activities.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226819; Szebeni A; Olson MO; Protein B23 is an abundant, multifunctional nucleolar phosphoprotein whose activities are proposed to play a role in ribosome assembly. Szebeni et al. (1997) showed stimulation of nuclear import in vitro by protein B23 and suggested that this effect was due to a molecular chaperone-like activity. Protein B23 was teste
[Risk of accidental contamination by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): review and management]: Prog Urol. 1999 Apr;9(2):330-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99299100; Conquy S; Chartier E; Zerbib M; Thiounn N; Flam T; Debre B; Service d'Urologie, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.; In surgery practice, everyone must know what to do in case of injury with exposure to body fluids. The chimioprophylactic treatment has to be easy to take in case of high risk of VIH transmission. To prevent these accident, surgery on infected people must always be done by surgeon who have experience.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy used to treat concurrent hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus infections.: J Gastroenterol. 1999 Apr;34(2):275-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228120; Nagai K; Hosaka H; Kubo S; Nakamura N; Shinohara M; Nonaka H; Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohama-shi Nanbu; Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.; We report a case of simultaneous infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in a 26-year-old Japanese homosexual man. He was admitted to our hospital for acute hepatitis caused by HBV. At that time, HIV-1antibody (Ab) was not detected in his serum. After 6 months, he was rea
Cryptosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients in a Turkish university hospital.: Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 1999;46(1):33-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99261451; Arikan S; Erguven S; Akyon Y; Gunalp A; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Microbiology, Hacettepe; University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.; The prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis in 18 immunosuppressed diarrheic patients was evaluated by examination of fecal samples by direct staining (Modified Kinyoun and Giemsa), direct and indirect immunofluorescence methods. Forty patients (10 nondiarrheic immunosuppressed, 10 nondiarrheic immunocompetent, and 20 diarrhe
HIV and people with serious mental illness: the public sector's role in reducing HIV risk and improving care.: Psychiatr Serv. 1999 May;50(5):648-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99263695; Sullivan G; Koegel P; Kanouse DE; Cournos F; McKinnon K; Young AS; Bean D; Rand, Santa Monica, USA. sullivan-greer@exchange.uams.edu; OBJECTIVE: The paper discusses issues related to the detection, prevention of transmission, and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among persons with serious mental illness and suggests ways public mental health systems can address these issues. METHODS: MEDLINE was searched from 1980 through 19
RANTES stimulates cell-mediated transmission of HIV-1 infection.: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1999 Apr;19(4):345-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99265554; Abbate I; Dianzani F; Bianchi F; Mosiello G; Carletti F; Fiumara D; Capobianchi MR; Institute of Virology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.; We wished to determine the effects of the beta-chemokine RANTES in an established system of cell-mediated transmission of HIV-1, that is, normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) nonproductively infected with HIV-1, cocultivated with CD4+ T cells to rescue productive infection. The results indicate that t
Expression of interleukin-10 in isolated CD8+ T cells and monocytes from growth factor-mobilized peripheral blood stem cell products: a mechanism of immune dysfunction.: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1999 Apr;19(4):351-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99265555; Varney ML; Ino K; Ageitos AG; Heimann DG; Talmadge JE; Singh RK; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, The University of; Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5660, USA.; Previous reports showed the abnormal activation of immune cells in growth factor-mobilized peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) products, which might be responsible for depressed T cell responsiveness to mitogens compared with normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In the present study, the mRNA expression lev
Retinoids synergize with interleukin-2 to augment IFN-gamma and interleukin-12 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1999 Apr;19(4):407-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99265561; Fox FE; Kubin M; Cassin M; Niu Z; Trinchieri G; Cooper KD; Rook AH; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of; Medicine, Philadelphia 19104, USA.; We have demonstrated previously that cells from both the skin and peripheral blood from patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) have elevated levels of protein and mRNA for Th2 cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5, and depressed levels of Thl cytokines, IL-2
Cytotoxic hammerhead ribozymes.: Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 1999 Apr;9(2):117-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99281949; Levitz R; Dong Y; Wang JY; Jeng SW; Chen CR; Wang JW; Zhao X; Zhou J; Lu T; Drlica K; Public Health Research Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA.; Small catalytic RNA molecules of the hammerhead ribozyme type were found to have cytotoxic effects unrelated to their intended activity. An expression library of ribozyme sequence variants was constructed in a recA-deficient strain of Escherichia coli such that individual library members differed in regions designed t
Multiple renal aspergillus abscesses in an AIDS patient: contrast-enhanced helical CT and MRI findings.: Eur Radiol. 1999;9(4):616-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99283298; Heussel CP; Kauczor HU; Heussel G; Thelen M; Jahn B; Department of Radiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz,; Germany. heussel@mail.uni-mainz.de; Renal insufficiency or allergic reactions for X-ray contrast agents are frequent limitations in immunocompromised hosts such as neutropenic or AIDS patients. Due to a better tolerance of contrast agents in MRI, this technique is well suited for investigation of parenchymal organs. We demonstrate an allergic AIDS patie
Possible roles for mismatch negativity in neuropsychiatry.: Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 1999 Jan;12(1):17-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99180367; Gene-Cos N; Ring HA; Pottinger RC; Barrett G; Academic Department of Psychological Medicine, St. Bartholomew's; and the Royal London School of Medicine, Royal London Hospital,; England.; OBJECTIVE: This article reviews research on the main characteristics of mismatch negativity (MMN) and its applications in neuropsychiatry. BACKGROUND: Event-related potentials (ERPs) have been used to study many aspects of information processing. Mismatch negativity is an early auditory ERP that has been identified as
Computerized and traditional stroop task dysfunction in HIV-1 infection.: Neuropsychology. 1999 Apr;13(2):306-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99279820; Hinkin CH; Castellon SA; Hardy DJ; Granholm E; Siegle G; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University; of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine and VA Los; Angeles Health Care System, 90024, USA. chinkin@ucla.edu; Controlled processing, response inhibition, and set adoption were examined in 51 HIV-1 infected participants and 21 uninfected controls who were administered a vocal reaction time (RT) version of the Stroop task (Stroop-RT; J. R. Stroop, 1935) as well as the traditional 100 item paper-and-pencil version. Response set
T-lymphocyte subsets in the contralateral testis after unilateral blunt testicular trauma in pre-pubertal mice.: Pediatr Surg Int. 1999;15(3-4):238-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99299610; Sharma RB; Srinivas M; Mitra DK; Das SN; Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical; Sciences, New Delhi, India.; Although spermatozoa express antigens, they normally do not produce an immunological response because of the blood-testis barrier and the predominance of CD8(+) T-lymphocytes in the rete testis. Unilateral blunt testicular trauma (UBTT) has been reported to decrease fertility. The present study was designed to evaluat
Directed evolution of thymidine kinase for AZT phosphorylation using DNA family shuffling.: Nat Biotechnol. 1999 Mar;17(3):259-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99193957; Christians FC; Scapozza L; Crameri A; Folkers G; Stemmer WP; Maxygen, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA.; The thymidine kinase (TK) genes from herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 were recombined in vitro with a technique called DNA family shuffling. A high-throughput robotic screen identified chimeras with an enhanced ability to phosphorylate zidovudine (
Integration complexes derived from HIV vectors for rapid assays in vitro.: Nat Biotechnol. 1999 Jun;17(6):578-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312049; Hansen MS; Smith GJ 3rd; Kafri T; Molteni V; Siegel JS; Bushman FD; Infectious Disease Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological; Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.; Of three enzymes encoded by HIV-reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase-only the first two have been exploited clinically as inhibitor targets. Efforts to develop inhibitors of purified integrase protein have yielded many compounds, but none with clinical utility. A different source of integration activity for
Phenotypic characteristics associated with the acquisition of HSV-specific CD8 T-lymphocyte-mediated cytolytic function in vitro.: Cell Immunol. 1999 May 25;194(1):103-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99287757; McNally JM; Andersen HA; Chervenak R; Jennings SR; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State; University Medical Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, 71130, USA.; Class I MHC-restricted, HSV-1-specific CD8(+) cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) function is rarely detected in lymphocytes isolated directly from the lymph node draining the site of infection. However, culture in vitro for 24 to 72 h in the absence of exogenous antigen results in the development of easily detectable levels
Prostaglandin E2 enhancement of interferon-gamma production by antigen-stimulated type 1 helper T cells.: Cell Immunol. 1999 May 25;194(1):21-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99287748; Bloom D; Jabrane-Ferrat N; Zeng L; Wu A; Li L; Lo D; Turck CW; An S; Goetzl EJ; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology-Immunology, University; of California Medical Center, San Francisco, California,; 94143-0711, USA.; Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a potent mediator generated in immune tissues by cyclooxygenation of arachidonic acid. PGE2 affects T cell functions through four homologous G protein-coupled receptors termed EP1R, EP2R, EP3R, and EP4R that differ in tissue distribution and signaling. Antigen-evoked secretion of interferon-
Persistence, immune specificity, and functional ability of murine mutant ras epitope-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes following in vivo adoptive transfer.: Cell Immunol. 1999 May 25;194(1):78-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99287754; Bristol JA; Schlom J; Abrams SI; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA.; Adoptive T-cell transfer has been shown to be a potentially effective strategy for cellular immunotherapy in some murine models of disease. However, several issues remain unresolved regarding some of the basic features involved in effective adoptive transfer, such as the influence of specific peptide antigen (Ag) boos
Current status of reproductive behaviour in Africa.: Hum Reprod Update. 1999 Jan-Feb;5(1):1-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264160; Bambra CS; Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Karen,; Nairobi. csbambra@arcc.or.ke; The current annual population growth rate of 3.2% in Africa will double the population by the year 2025. The majority of this population is below 15 years of age, and Africa concurrently also has the highest incidence of infertility in the world. Sexual behaviour, which has been poorly studied in Africa, has a direct
Complete two-dimensional separation for analysis of acidic compounds in plasma using column-switching reversed-phase liquid chromatography.: J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Apr 16;726(1-2):225-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99275946; Okuda T; Nakagawa Y; Motohashi M; Preformulation Research Laboratory, Takeda Chemical Industries,; Ltd., Osaka, Japan.; A complete two-dimensional separation technique for the determination of acidic compounds in plasma was developed by using column-switching reversed-phase liquid chromatography. This technique was based on solute peak enrichment at the top of the second column during heart-cutting and an ion-pair chromatographic separ
Unexpected non-HIV causes of death in children born to HIV-infected mothers. Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiac Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV Infection Study Group.: Pediatrics. 1999 Jul;104(1):e6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99319076; Starc TJ; Langston C; Goldfarb J; Colin AA; Cooper ER; Easley KA; Sunkle S; Schluchter MD; Department of, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Babies and; Children's Hospital, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center,; Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New; York, New York 10032, USA. tjs1@columbia.edu; INTRODUCTION: A high incidence of sudden, unexplained deaths in infants born to HIV-infected mothers has been noted in several epidemiologic studies. During the course of a prospective study of heart and lung disease in children born to HIV-infected mothers, we noted that of 5 unexpected non-HIV-related deaths, 4 were
Immunostimulatory CpG motifs trigger a T helper-1 immune response to human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) gp 160 envelope proteins.: Clin Chem Lab Med. 1999 Mar;37(3):199-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99279901; Deml L; Schirmbeck R; Reimann J; Wolf H; Wagner R; Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Regensburg,; Germany.; Bacterial DNA sequences containing unmethylated CpG motifs have recently been proposed to exhibit immunostimulatory effects on B-, T- and NK cells, leading to the induction of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. In the present study we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of a CpG-containing oligodeoxynuc
Mycophenolic acid influences T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine induced expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on human endothelial cells.: Clin Chem Lab Med. 1999 Mar;37(3):253-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99279908; Weigel G; Bertalanffy P; Dubsky P; Griesmacher A; Wolner E; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Vienna, Austria.; guenter.weigel@akh-wien.ac.at; A possible synergistic effect of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and the immunosuppressive cytokines IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 was investigated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). These cytokines, which are produced by Th2-lymphocytes, were shown to induce the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1
Modulating apoptosis: current applications and prospects for future drug development.: Curr Med Chem. 1999 May;6(5):399-414. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99203750; Deigner HP; Kinscherf R; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Institute of Anatomy; and Cell Biology III, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 and 307,; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.; Hans-Peter.Deigner@urz.uni-heidelberg.de; Agents modulating apoptosis are of extraordinary promise for the treatment of several states of disease including cancer, AIDS, neurodegenerative and ischemic diseases. In this review a brief summary of cellular pathways relevant to programmed cell death first is given and potential therapeutic targets therein are emp
Epidemiology of genital herpes - recent advances.: Eur J Dermatol. 1999 Apr-May;9(3):177-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228814; Halioua B; Malkin JE; Institut Fournier, 25, bd Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.; Genital herpes is a common, distressing infection which, due to increasing incidence world-wide, has become a prominent public health issue over recent years, even throughout the decade of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Since the late 1970 s, the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection has inc
Resolution of disseminated molluscum contagiosum with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in patients with AIDS.: Eur J Dermatol. 1999 Apr-May;9(3):211-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99228820; Calista D; Boschini A; Landi G; Dermatology Unit "M. Bufalini" Hospital, 47023 Cesena, Italy.; calista@iol.it; Molluscum contagiosum (MC), a cutaneous infection caused by a DNA virus belonging to the poxvirus group, affects about 5-10% of patients with HIV disease, often showing extensive, severe lesions, unresponsive to therapy [1]. During the follow-up of three patients with AIDS for MC recalcitrant to therapy, we noted thei
Evidence for nitric oxide action on in vitro granuloma formation through pivotal changes in MIP-1alpha and IL-10 release in human schistosomiasis.: Nitric Oxide. 1999;3(2):162-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99295860; Oliveira DM; Silva-Teixeira DN; Goes AM; Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias; Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo; Horizonte, Brazil.; Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated, both and paradoxically, as a pro- and anti-inflammatory agent in a wide range of circumstances. It is of common concern that NO can be either up- or downregulated by different inflammatory cytokines. Attempting to assess the contribution of NO to the granulomatous response, we us
Synthesis, lipophilicity and anti-HIV activity of a new brominated analog of zidovudine.: Nucleosides Nucleotides. 1999 Mar;18(3):337-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286992; Motura M; Salomon H; Moroni G; Wainberg M; Brinon MC; Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas,; Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Ciudad Universitaria,; Argentina.; A novel cyclic bromine zidovudine analog, (-)-trans-(5S,6S)-5-bromo-6,5 - epoxy-5,6-dihydro-3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (2), and its diastereoisomer (+)-trans-(5R,6R)-(3) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods, obtaining 3 in very low yields. The major product 2 presents a selectivity index (CCID50
Novel triazole 2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: stereoselective synthesis and biological evaluation.: Nucleosides Nucleotides. 1999 Mar;18(3):457-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99286995; Inguaggiato G; Jasamai M; Smith JE; Slater M; Simons C; Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University.; A study on the use of protecting groups led to the employment of the para-methoxybenzoyl (pMB) group as a directing group in the synthesis of novel triazole 2 -deoxy-4 -thionucleosides. Use of the pMB group gave alpha:beta ratios of 1:6 in the glycosylation step with azidotrimethylsilane. A series of novel triazoles w
Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis in MHC class II-deficient mice.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Mar-Apr;2(2):102-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99241723; Leipner C; Borchers M; Merkle I; Stelzner A; Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty, Friedrich Schiller; University, Jena, Germany. carola.leipner@uni-jena.de; OBJECTIVES: The pathogenesis of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis was investigated in immunocompetent C57BL/6 and MHC class II knockout mice with identical genetic backgrounds. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: We analyzed the histology and immunohistology of myocardial injury, the replicating virus titer, and antibody
Molecular analysis of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus in HIV-1-positive intravenous drug users in Belgium.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Mar-Apr;2(2):115-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/Y18158; Liu HF; Goderniaux E; Burtonboy G; Goubau P; Unit of Virology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Universite; Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE: A high prevalence of GB virus C (GBV-C)/hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA and E2 antibodies is observable in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals in Belgium , including intravenous drug users (IDUs), in whom the highest prevalence is observed. A mol
Identification and characterization of human herpesvirus 8 open reading frame K9 viral interferon regulatory factor by a monoclonal antibody.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Mar-Apr;2(2):63-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99241719; Inagi R; Okuno T; Ito M; Chen J; Mori Y; Haque M; Zou P; Yagi H; Kiniwa S; Saida T; Ueyama Y; Hayashi K; Yamanishi K; Department of Microbiology, Osaka University Medical School,; Japan.; OBJECTIVE: To identify and characterize an open reading frame (ORF) in association with its mRNA and a coding protein recognized by anti-human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) monoclonal antibody B291. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: The antigen detected by B291 was characterized by immunofluorescence method, Western blot analysis, laser
HIV-1 regulatory protein tat induces RNA binding proteins in central nervous system cells that associate with the viral trans-acting-response regulatory motif.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Mar-Apr;2(2):72-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99241720; Kundu M; Ansari SA; Chepenik LG; Pomerantz RJ; Khalili K; Rappaport J; Amini S; Department of Neurology, MCP Hahnemann University, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania, USA. Shohreh.Amini@Drexel.edu; OBJECTIVES: To investigate some of the cellular consequences of HIV-1 Tat expression in human astrocytic cells. This study is based on evidence that cellular factors play a critical role in facilitating transcriptional activation by Tat through its interaction with the trans-acting-response (TAR) RNA element and upstr
Identification of human cytomegalovirus target sequences in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat. Potential role of IE2-86 binding to sequences between -120 and -20 in promoter transactivation.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Mar-Apr;2(2):81-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99241721; Yurochko AD; Huong SM; Huang ES; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North; Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7295, USA. yurochko@med.unc.edu; OBJECTIVE: Because of the important medical consequences of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, we wanted to understand the molecular interactions that occur during co-infection. Specifically, in this study, we wanted t
Possible mechanism underlying the efficacy of low dose cyclosporine in autoimmune diseases [letter]: Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1999 Mar-Apr;17(2):265-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99273609; Matsushita M; Takeda-Hirokawa N; Ogasawara H; Sugiyama M; Ando S; Sekigawa I; Iida N; Hashimoto H; Hirose S
Safety and efficacy of ritonavir and saquinavir in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine.: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Jun;65(6):661-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99318556; Michelet C; Bellissant E; Ruffault A; Arvieux C; Delfraissy JF; Raffi F; Bazin C; Renard I; Sebille V; Chauvin JP; Dohin E; Cartier F; Clinique des Maladies Infectieuses, Unite de Pharmacologie; Clinique, Hopital Universitaire, Rennes, France.; Christian.Michelet@univ-rennes1.fr; BACKGROUND: Ritonavir is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P4503A4 that strongly increases saquinavir bioavailability. In this study we assessed the safety and antiretroviral efficacy of the combination of these two compounds in patients pretreated and
Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum: an easily missed respiratory pathogen in HIV-infected patients.: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;33(4):209-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99229216; Gutierrez-Rodero F; Ortiz de la Tabla V; Martinez C; Masia MM; Mora A; Escolano C; Gonzalez E; Martin-Hidalgo A; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de; Elche, Alicante, Spain.; Despite being a well-known respiratory pathogen for immunocompromised patients, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum has uncommonly been reported to occur in persons with infection attributable to HIV virus. We report three cases of respiratory tract infection attributable to C. pseudodiphtheriticum in HIV-infected pa
HIV-1 Tat interacts with cyclin T1 to direct the P-TEFb CTD kinase complex to TAR RNA.: Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1998;63:371-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312296; Garber ME; Wei P; Jones KA; Regulatory Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological; Studies, La Jolla, California 92037-1099, USA.
Synthesis and screening for anti-HIV activity of some N-Mannich bases of isatin derivatives.: Chemotherapy. 1999 May-Jun;45(3):192-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242537; Pandeya SN; Yogeeswari P; Sriram D; de Clercq E; Pannecouque C; Witvrouw M; Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Technology, Banaras; Hindu University, Varanasi, India. snpande@banaras.ernet.in; The effect of about 12 new compounds of Mannich bases of isatin against HIV-1 (IIIB) and HIV-2 (ROD) strains in MT 4 cells was studied. The screening method employed was MTT. In initial studies, one compound has shown maximum protection of 16% in subtoxic concentration.
[Predictive value of IL-2R in renal tissue during acute renal allograft rejection]: Chung Hua Wai Ko Tsa Chih. 1997 Feb;35(2):119-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99302723; Yang J; Zhou H; Liu Z; Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing; University School of Medicine.; The pattern of intragraft immunological events associated with acute cellular rejection (ACR) has been previously defined. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study to compare the clinical significance of various immunological markers in renal materials obtained from human renal allografts. Three to 6 consecutiv
Duodenal obstruction caused by Strongyloides stercoralis enteritis in an HTLV-1-infected host.: Dig Dis Sci. 1999 Jun;44(6):1184-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316556; Friedenberg F; Wongpraparut N; Fischer RA; Gubernick J; Zaeri N; Eiger G; Ozden Z; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19141, USA.
Non-injection substance use correlates with risky sex among men having sex with men: data from HIVNET.: Drug Alcohol Depend. 1999 Feb 1;53(3):197-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99179781; Woody GE; Donnell D; Seage GR; Metzger D; Marmor M; Koblin BA; Buchbinder S; Gross M; Stone B; Judson FN; University of PA/Philadelphia Veterans Affairs, Medical Center; 19104, USA. woody@research.trc.upenn.edu; Associations between substance use and sexual behavior were examined among 3220 seronegative men who have sex with men (MSM) in a HIV vaccine preparedness study. Relationships between current and past substance use and current sexual risk were evaluated using crude odds ratios and logistic regression to adjust for con
Lactobacillus species as opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised patients.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1998 Dec;17(12):887-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99159924; Schlegel L; Lemerle S; Geslin P; Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal,; Creteil, France.
Maximal stimulation of meiotic recombination by a yeast transcription factor requires the transcription activation domain and a DNA-binding domain.: Genetics. 1999 May;152(1):101-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99242568; Kirkpatrick DT; Fan Q; Petes TD; Department of Biology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular; Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North; Carolina 27599-3280, USA.; The DNA sequences located upstream of the yeast HIS4 represent a very strong meiotic recombination hotspot. Although the activity of this hotspot requires the transcription activator Rap1p, the level of HIS4 transcription is not directly related to the level of recombination. We find that the recombination-stimulating
Preliminary experiences with ritonavir in children with advanced HIV infection.: Infection. 1999 Mar-Apr;27(2):103-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236379; Horneff G; Adams O; Wahn V; Universitats-Kinderklinik Halle, Germany.; The aim of this study was to obtain information on the feasibility (tolerance, safety) of antiretroviral combination therapy , including ritonavir , in children. In eight children (median age 8.9 years;
Hyperlipidemia under treatment with proteinase inhibitors.: Infection. 1999 Mar-Apr;27(2):77-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236374; Segerer S; Bogner JR; Walli R; Loch O; Goebel FD; Infektionsabteilung, Universitat Munchen, Germany.; To define the extent and time course of HIV-proteinase inhibitor (PI) effects on serum lipid levels 148 patients on triple combination therapy including PIs and 91 patients on therapy with two nucleosides as a control group were evaluated. In the PI group there was a s
Seroprevalence and disease association of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies and antigens in HIV infection.: Infection. 1999 Mar-Apr;27(2):92-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99236377; Cornely OA; Hauschild S; Weise C; Csernok E; Gross WL; Salzberger B; Fatkenheuer G; Diehl V; Schrappe M; Klinik I fur Innere Medizin, Universitatskliniken Koln,; Germany.; This prospective study was designed to determine the role of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) in HIV-infected patients. Immunofluorescence tests (IFT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were applied to sera of 199 consecutive outpatients. In the IFT 20% were positive. An atypical ANCA patte
Lesional T-cell subset in leprosy and leprosy reaction.: Int J Dermatol. 1999 May;38(5):345-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296233; Mahaisavariya P; Kulthanan K; Khemngern S; Pinkaew S; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital,; Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.; BACKGROUND: The T-cell-mediated immune response plays an important role in leprosy. The in situ proportion and pattern of distribution of T-cell subsets in leprosy skin lesions have been studied, but no conclusion could be drawn. METHODS: We used monoclonal antibodies for T-helper and T-suppressor surface antigen to d
Pruritic papular eruption in HIV seropositive patients: a cutaneous marker for immunosuppression.: Int J Dermatol. 1999 May;38(5):348-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296234; Boonchai W; Laohasrisakul R; Manonukul J; Kulthanan K; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital,; Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.; BACKGROUND: Previous reports have shown the correlation between certain skin disorders and immune status in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Pruritic papular eruption (PPE) is the most common cutaneous manifestation in HIV infected patients. The purpose of this study is to define the relationship
A novel nuclear export signal sensitive to oxidative stress in the fission yeast transcription factor Pap1.: J Biol Chem. 1999 May 21;274(21):15151-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262675; Kudo N; Taoka H; Toda T; Yoshida M; Horinouchi S; Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and; Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113,; Japan.; Pap1, a fission yeast AP-1-like transcription factor, is negatively regulated by CRM1/exportin 1, the nuclear export factor. Pap1 was localized normally in the cytoplasm but was accumulated in the nucleus when Crm1 was inactivated by a temperature-sensitive mutation or by treatment with leptomycin B, a specific export
DNA polymerases: structural diversity and common mechanisms.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 18;274(25):17395-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99292689; Steitz TA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Molecular; Biophysics & Biochemistry and Chemistry, Yale University, New; Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA.
Role of adapter function in oncoprotein-mediated activation of NF-kappaB. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax interacts directly with IkappaB kinase gamma.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 18;274(25):17402-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99292691; Jin DY; Giordano V; Kibler KV; Nakano H; Jeang KT; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0460, USA.; Mechanisms by which the human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax oncoprotein activates NF-kappaB remain incompletely understood. Although others have described an interaction between Tax and a holo-IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex, the exact details of protein-protein contact are not fully defined. Here we show that Tax bin
Real-time kinetics of HIV-1 Rev-Rev response element interactions. Definition of minimal binding sites on RNA and protein and stoichiometric analysis.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 18;274(25):17452-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99292699; Van Ryk DI; Venkatesan S; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; The kinetics of interaction between the human immunodeficiency virus-1 Rev protein and its RNA target, Rev response element (RRE) RNA was determined in vitro using a biosensor technique. Our results showed that the primary Rev binding site is a core stem-loop RNA molecule of 30 nucleotides that bound Rev at a 1:1 rati
LD78beta, a non-allelic variant of human MIP-1alpha (LD78alpha), has enhanced receptor interactions and potent HIV suppressive activity.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 18;274(25):17478-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99292702; Nibbs RJ; Yang J; Landau NR; Mao JH; Graham GJ; Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, CRC Beatson Laboratories,; Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD; Scotland, United Kingdom.; Chemokines play diverse roles in inflammatory and non-inflammatory situations via activation of heptahelical G-protein-coupled receptors. Also, many chemokine receptors can act as cofactors for cellular entry of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. CCR5, a receptor for chemokines MIP-1alpha (LD78alpha), MIP-1b
Potent and stable attenuation of live-HIV-1 by gain of a proteolysis-resistant inhibitor of NF-kappaB (IkappaB-alphaS32/36A) and the implications for vaccine development.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 18;274(25):17567-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99292715; Quinto I; Mallardo M; Baldassarre F; Scala G; Englund G; Jeang KT; Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita; degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli I-80131, Italy.; quinto@adbbm.unina.it; Live-attenuated human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) are candidates for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) vaccine. Based on the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model for AIDS, loss-of-function (e.g. deletion of accessory genes such as nef) has been forwarded as a primary approach for creating enfeebled, b
Tip60 is a nuclear hormone receptor coactivator.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 18;274(25):17599-604. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99292720; Brady ME; Ozanne DM; Gaughan L; Waite I; Cook S; Neal DE; Robson CN; Prostate Research Group, Department of Surgery, Medical School,; University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH,; United Kingdom.; The androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Recent work in this field has been focused upon defining the mechanisms of transcriptional control exacted by members of this superfamily. Using a COOH-terminal region of the human AR in a yeast two-hybrid screen, we have identified Ti
The cyclization and polymerization of bacterially expressed proteins using modified self-splicing inteins.: J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 25;274(26):18359-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99303597; Evans TC Jr; Benner J; Xu MQ; New England Biolabs, Inc., Beverly, Massachusetts 01915-5599,; USA.; Mini-inteins derived from Synechocystis sp. (Ssp DnaB intein) and Mycobacterium xenopi (Mxe GyrA intein) that have been modified to cleave peptide bonds at their C and N termini, respectively, were cloned in-frame to the N and C termini of a target protein. Peptide bond cleavage of the modified inteins generated an N-
Molecular regulation of cytokine gene expression during the immune response.: J Clin Immunol. 1999 Mar;19(2):98-108. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99243471; Viola JP; Rao A; Programa de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Cancer; (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; Cytokine expression by immune system cells plays an important role in the regulation of the immune response. On first encounter with antigen, naive CD4+ T helper (Th) cells differentiate into cytokine-producing effector cells. Two types of effector cells characterized by their distinct expression of cytokine profiles
Worldwide evaluation of DNA sequencing approaches for identification of drug resistance mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase.: J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Jul;37(7):2291-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99294771; Schuurman R; Demeter L; Reichelderfer P; Tijnagel J; de Groot T; Boucher C; Department of Virology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The; Netherlands. rschuurman@lab.azu.nl; A panel (ENVA-1) of well-defined blinded samples containing wild-type and mutant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase was analyzed by automated DNA sequencing in 23 laboratories worldwide. Drug resistance mutations at codons 41, 215, and 184 were present in the panel samples at different r
Detection by an immunofluorescence test of Encephalitozoon intestinalis spores in routinely formalin-fixed stool samples stored at room temperature.: J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Jul;37(7):2317-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99294775; Moura H; Sodre FC; Bornay-Llinares FJ; Leitch GJ; Navin T; Wahlquist S; Bryan R; Meseguer I; Visvesvara GS; Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious; Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public; Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta,; Georgia 30341-3724, USA.; Of the several microsporidia that infect humans, Enterocytozoon bieneusi is known to cause a gastrointestinal disease whereas Encephalitozoon intestinalis causes both a disseminated and an intestinal disease. Although several different staining techniques, including the chromotrope technique and its modifications, Uvi
Level of human immunodeficiency virus DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with efficacy of antiretroviral therapy.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99294788; McDermott JL; Giri AA; Martini I; Bono M; Giacomini M; Campelli A; Tagliaferro L; Cara A; Varnier OE; Molecular Virology Unit, Advanced Biotechnology Center, School of; Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.; A novel colorimetric assay was developed and validated for accurate quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We tested 318 sequential samples from 56 subjects, 53 of whom were undergoing dual or triple therapy. Patients were considered responders when viremi
Overexpression of nerve growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in AIDS dementia complex.: J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Jun 1;97(1-2):154-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99314665; Boven LA; Middel J; Portegies P; Verhoef J; Jansen GH; Nottet HS; Eijkman-Winkler Institute, Neuroimmunology Section, Utrecht; University, The Netherlands. l.a.boven@lab.azu.nl; Although neurotrophic factors are currently considered as treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, little is still known about their presence in the central nervous system under pathological conditions. We investigated the expression of the neurotrophic molecules NGF, bFGF, BDNF and IGF-1 in brain tissue of patients
Human immunodeficiency virus glycoproteins 160 and 41 alter sleep and brain temperature of rats.: J Neuroimmunol. 1999 Jun 1;97(1-2):94-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99314658; Gemma C; Opp MR; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of; Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0431, USA.; Sleep is altered during all stages at which it has been recorded during chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, including the long latent phase before the development of AIDS; the mechanisms for such alterations are not known. The HIV envelope glycoprotein (gp) 120 alters sleep of rats in a manner somewh
The gingival plasma cell infiltrate in HIV-positive patients with periodontitis is disorganized.: J Clin Periodontol. 1999 Jun;26(6):358-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309948; Myint M; Odden K; Schreurs O; Halstensen TS; Schenck K; Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Norway.; myintm@odont.uio.no; Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are highly susceptible to chronic marginal periodontitis (CMP) and the lesion is generally characterized by abundant plasma cell infiltration. HIV-induced reduction of CD4+ T cells may indirectly affect local production of immunoglobulins (Ig). Gingival bio
The spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations during the evolutionary phases of HIV disease: an emerging Indian scenario.: J Dermatol. 1999 May;26(5):294-304. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99309528; Singh A; Thappa DM; Hamide A; Department of Dermatology and STD, Jawaharlal Institute of; Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER),; Pondicherry, India.; Third world countries, including India , lack sophisticated investigations to assess the progression of HIV disease. Hence, this study was undertaken to determine the clinical mucocutaneous markers of HIV disease and to establish its relationship with the stage of the disease. This w
Cavitary Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.: J Emerg Med. 1999 May-Jun;17(3):513. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99268570; Surani S; Varon J; Fromm RE Jr; Memorial Medical Center, Corpus Christi, Texas, USA.
CD8+ T cells become nonresponsive (anergic) following activation in the presence of costimulation.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):102-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316293; Deeths MJ; Kedl RM; Mescher MF; Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and; Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.; CD8+ T cells stimulated in vitro with anti-TCR mAb and B7-1 or ICAM-1 produce IL-2 and clonally expand. Effector function is acquired within 3 days, but proliferation ceases and the cells begin to die by apoptosis. Stimulation in vivo with B7-1-expressing allogeneic tu
CD28-Mediated regulation of mRNA stability requires sequences within the coding region of the IL-2 mRNA.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):120-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316295; Ragheb JA; Deen M; Schwartz RH; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, National; Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; Using sequence-tagged genomic reporter constructs, we investigated the contribution of IL-2 sequences to CD28-mediated regulation of mRNA stability. We find that CD28 signaling acts transiently to stabilize the IL-2 mRNA following T cell activation. Such stabilization
Immunogenicity of apoptotic cells in vivo: role of antigen load, antigen-presenting cells, and cytokines.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316296; Ronchetti A; Rovere P; Iezzi G; Galati G; Heltai S; Protti MP; Garancini MP; Manfredi AA
Cutting edge: a short polypeptide domain of HIV-1-Tat protein mediates pathogenesis.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):15-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316281; Boykins RA; Mahieux R; Shankavaram UT; Gho YS; Lee SF; Hewlett IK; Wahl LM; Kleinman HK; Brady JN; Yamada KM; Dhawan S; Laboratory of Parasitic Biology and Biochemistry, Center for; Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration,; Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; HIV-1 encodes the transactivating protein Tat, which is essential for virus replication and progression of HIV disease. However, Tat has multiple domains, and consequently the molecular mechanisms by which it acts remain unclear. In this report, we provide evidence that cellular activation by Tat involves a short core
Anergic CD8+ T cells can persist and function in vivo.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316300; Blish CA; Dillon SR; Farr AG; Fink PJ; Using a mouse model system, we demonstrate that anergic CD8+ T cells can persist and retain some functional capabilities in vivo, even after the induction of tolerance. In TCR Vbeta5
Differential expression and cross-regulatory function of RANTES during mycobacterial (type 1) and schistosomal (type 2) antigen-elicited granulomatous inflammation.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):165-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316301; Chensue SW; Warmington KS; Allenspach EJ; Lu B; Gerard C; Kunkel SL; Lukacs NW; Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48105, USA.; The role of RANTES in Th1 and Th2 cell-mediated immune responses has been enigmatic. To approach this question, we analyzed RANTES expression and function in murine models of types 1 and 2 cell-mediated pulmonary granulomas elicited with Mycobacterium bovis or Schistosoma mansoni egg Ag-coated beads, respectively. Com
A model for CD8+ CTL tumor immunosurveillance and regulation of tumor escape by CD4 T cells through an effect on quality of CTL.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):184-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316303; Matsui S; Ahlers JD; Vortmeyer AO; Terabe M; Tsukui T; Carbone DP; Liotta LA; Berzofsky JA; Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Metabolism; Branch, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; Understanding immune mechanisms influencing cancer regression, recurrence, and metastasis may be critical to developing effective immunotherapy. Using a tumor expressing HIV gp160 as a model viral tumor Ag, we found a growth-regression-recurrence pattern, and used this to investigate mechanisms of immunosurveillance.
Cutting edge: expression of the NF of activated T cells in eosinophils: regulation by IL-4 and IL-5.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):21-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316282; Jinquan T; Quan S; Jacobi HH; Reimert CM; Millner A; Hansen JB; Thygesen C; Ryder LP; Madsen HO; Malling HJ; Poulsen LK; Laboratory of Medical Allergology, Allergy Unit, Department of; Clinical Immunology, National University Hospital, Copenhagen,; Denmark. TAN@RH.DK; We report that NF-AT1 and NF-AT4 are expressed cytoplasmically in resting eosinophils, whereas NF-AT2 and NF-AT3 have not been seen. Likewise, NF-AT1 mRNA and NF-AT4 mRNA have been detected in resting eosinophils, and their levels can be significantly up-regulated by the Th2-associated cytokines IL-4 and IL-5. There i
Invariant or highly conserved TCR alpha are expressed on double-negative (CD3+CD4-CD8-) and CD8+ T cells.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):301-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316317; Han M; Harrison L; Kehn P; Stevenson K; Currier J; Robinson MA; Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.; TCR alpha (TCRA) expression was examined in RNA samples from PBMC and isolated populations of CD4+, CD8+, and DN T cells from 15 healthy individuals. The expressed TCR repertoire was surveyed using spectratype analysis, a technique that displays the distribution of complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) lengths f
Presentation of the self antigen myelin basic protein by dendritic cells leads to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):32-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316284; Dittel BN; Visintin I; Merchant RM; Janeway CA Jr; Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine,; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.; bonnie.dittel@yale.edu; Bone marrow (BM)-derived dendritic cells (DC) are potent stimulators of naive CD4+ T cell activation. Because DC are efficient at Ag processing and could potentially present self Ags, we investigated the role of DC in the presentation of an encephalitogenic peptide from myelin basic protein (Ac1-11) in the induction o
Protective immunity from naive CD8+ T cells activated in vitro with MHC class I binding immunogenic peptides and IL-2 in the absence of specialized APCs.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):330-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316320; Hauser C; Zipprich F; Leblond I; Wirth S; Hugin AW; Allergy Unit, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of; Dermatology, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire, Geneva,; Switzerland. Conrad.Hauser@medecine.unige.ch; Ag-specific CTL can protect against tumors and some viral infections and may be useful for adoptive immunotherapy. Here, we show that purified CD8+ T cells from naive C57BL/6 mice can be primed in vitro with different immunogenic peptides, which bind to MHC class I gene products, and
Decreased expression of Th2 type cytokine mRNA contributes to the lack of allergic bronchial inflammation in aged rats.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):396-402. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316329; Ide K; Hayakawa H; Yagi T; Sato A; Koide Y; Yoshida A; Uchijima M; Suda T; Chida K; Nakamura H; Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu; University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.; kyota-ii@za2.so-net.ne.jp; Sensitized Brown Norway rats are known to develop eosinophilic bronchial inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness after Ag exposure. However, we have previously observed that sensitized aged rats of the same strain failed to develop such allergic inflammation. In the present stu
Induction of phosphorylation and intracellular association of CC chemokine receptor 5 and focal adhesion kinase in primary human CD4+ T cells by macrophage-tropic HIV envelope.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):420-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316332; Cicala C; Arthos J; Ruiz M; Vaccarezza M; Rubbert A; Riva A; Wildt K; Cohen O; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ccicala@nih.gov; Binding of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins to the surface of a CD4+ cell transduces intracellular signals through the primary envelope receptor, CD4, and/or the envelope coreceptor, a seven-transmembrane chemokine receptor. Macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1 preferentially use CCR5 as an entry coreceptor, whereas T cell-
Repeated administration of adenoviral vectors in lungs of human CD4 transgenic mice treated with a nondepleting CD4 antibody.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):448-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316336; Chirmule N; Truneh A; Haecker SE; Tazelaar J; Gao Gp; Raper SE; Hughes JV; Wilson JM; Institute for Human Gene Therapy, Department of Medicine,; University of Pennsylvania, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA; 19104, USA.; The central role of CD4+ T cells in regulation of adenovirus vector-mediated immune responses has been documented previously in murine models. We analyzed the effects of a nondepleting mAb to human CD4 (CD4 mAb; Clenoliximab) on immune functions following intratracheal administration of adenoviral vectors in murine CD
Skin homing (cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen-positive) CD8+ T cells respond to superantigen and contribute to eosinophilia and IgE production in atopic dermatitis.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):466-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316338; Akdis M; Simon HU; Weigl L; Kreyden O; Blaser K; Akdis CA; Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Davos,; Switzerland. akdism@siaf.unizh.ch; In allergic inflammations of the skin, activation of CD4+ T cells was demonstrated to play an important role; however, a minor role for CD8+ T cells is implied. In the present study, we compared cutaneous lymphocyte-associated Ag (CLA)-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, which were isolated from peripheral blood and les
Altered memory T cell differentiation in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):491-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316341; Skapenko A; Wendler J; Lipsky PE; Kalden JR; Schulze-Koops H; Department of Internal Medicine III, Institute for Clinical; Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.; The chronic immune response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) might be driven by activated Th1 cells without sufficient Th2 cell differentiation to down-modulate inflammation. To test whether disordered memory T cell differentiation contributes to the typical Th1-dominated chronic inflammation in RA we investigated differe
Efficient transfer of a tumor antigen-reactive TCR to human peripheral blood lymphocytes confers anti-tumor reactivity.: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):507-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316343; Clay TM; Custer MC; Sachs J; Hwu P; Rosenberg SA; Nishimura MI; Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; The tumor-associated-Ag MART-1 is expressed by most human melanomas. The genes encoding an alphabeta TCR from a MART-1-specific, HLA-A2-restricted, human T cell clone have been efficiently transferred and expressed in human PBL. These retrovirally transduced PBL cultures were MART-1 peptide reactive, and most cultures
Gene expression of CC chemokines in experimental acute tubulointerstitial nephritis [see comments]: J Lab Clin Med. 1999 Jan;133(1):41-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312206; Ou ZL; Natori Y; Natori Y; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Institute,; International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo.; The infiltration of mononuclear leukocytes into glomeruli or the interstitium is a feature in most forms of glomerular diseases. CC chemokines, mostly chemoattractants for mononuclear leukocytes, are molecules that are potentially responsible for the recruitment of these cells in the kidney. We previously reported tha
Impaired metoclopramide-induced pituitary prolactin release in men with human immunodeficiency virus infection.: J Lab Clin Med. 1999 Jan;133(1):70-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312210; Parra A; Ramirez-Peredo J; Coutino B; Lagunes B; Marin A; Ponce de Leon S; Ruiz-Arguelles GJ; Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de; Perinatologia, Mexico City, Mexico.; To investigate whether metoclopramide-induced prolactin release is impaired in HIV-infected men, we studied 10 clinically healthy HIV-negative adult men (group 1) and 10 consecutive HIV-positive adult men (group 2) with anti-HIV antibodies confirmed by Western blot analysis and a CD4 cell count from 13 to 570x10(6)/L.
Cerebrospinal fluid in acute peripheral facial palsy.: J Neurol. 1999 Mar;246(3):165-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99254891; Kohler A; Chofflon M; Sztajzel R; Magistris MR; Clinique de Neurologie, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire, Geneva,; Switzerland.; Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is rarely analyzed in peripheral facial palsy, and reports in the literature are scarce. We report the CSF findings in 265 patients with acute isolated peripheral facial palsy. The CSF findings were abnormal in 11% of 230 patients with idiopathic peripheral facial palsy, in 60% of 17 patients
Stavudine and the peripheral nerve in HIV-1 infected patients.: J Neurol. 1999 Mar;246(3):211-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99254899; von Giesen HJ; Hefter H; Jablonowski H; Arendt G; Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf,; Germany. giesenhj@uni-duesseldorf.de; Stavudine (2 ,3 -didehydro-3 deoxythymidine) is a pyrimidine analogue that may be of great value in combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) for treating patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We assessed potential neuroto
Comparison of azacyclic urea A-98881 as HIV-1 protease inhibitor with cage dimeric N-benzyl 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine as representative of a novel class of HIV-1 protease inhibitors: a molecular modeling study.: J Comput Aided Mol Des. 1999 May;13(3):233-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99232477; Hilgeroth A; Fleischer R; Wiese M; Heinemann FW; Department of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University; Halle-Wittenberg, Germany. hilgeroth@pharmazie.uni-halle.de; The functional groups of cage dimeric N-alkyl substituted 3,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridines are similar to those of cyclic and azacyclic ureas that are potent inhibitors of HIV-1 protease of the dihydroxyethylene- and hydroxyethylene type, respectively. In the following study the conformi
Lower-extremity gangrene secondary to disseminated intravascular coagulation [letter]: J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1999 Jun;89(6):323-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99312755; Cafengiu AM; Hommel BL; Demarco M; Slim J
The difficulties of women living with HIV infection.: J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 1999 May;37(5):39-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271587; Gray JJ; University of Texas at Arlington School of Nursing, USA.; Eighty women described the most difficult aspects of living with HIV infection. Content analysis revealed four themes: fear, limitation, symptoms, and emotions. Fears related to disclosure and stigma were more frequently described than fears of dying. Limitations were financial, sexual/reproductive, and physical. The
The challenge of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa.: J R Coll Physicians Lond. 1999 Mar-Apr;33(2):180-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271629; Gilks CF; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.; At the end of 1998, an estimated 67% of people living with HIV/AIDS in the world were in Sub-Saharan Africa--some 22.5 million people. The challenges posed by the HIV/AIDS epidemic in this resource--poor region are enormous. The most important is to reduce the number of new infections: simple interventions such as bar
Three-dimensional folding of an RNA hairpin required for packaging HIV-1.: J Mol Biol. 1998 Oct 2;282(4):801-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98417646; Pappalardo L; Kerwood DJ; Pelczer I; Borer PN; Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY,; 13244-4100, USA.; An NMR-based structure is presented for a 20 mer hairpin model of the SL3 stem-loop from the HIV-1 packaging signal. The stem has an A-family structure. However, the GGAG tetraloop appears to be flexible with the second (G10) and fourth (G12) bases extruded from the normal stacking arrangement. The A-base (A11) occupi
Structure of the anchor-domain of myristoylated and non-myristoylated HIV-1 Nef protein.: J Mol Biol. 1999 May 28;289(1):123-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99272560; Geyer M; Munte CE; Schorr J; Kellner R; Kalbitzer HR; Abteilung Biophysik, Max-Planck-Institut fur medizinische; Forschung, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany.; Negative factor (Nef) is a regulatory myristoylated protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that has a two-domain structure consisting of an anchor domain and a core domain separated by a specific cleavage site of the HIV proteases. For structural analysis, the HIV-1 Nef anchor domain (residues 2-57) was synthes
Auto-inactivation by cleavage within the dimer interface of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus protease.: J Mol Biol. 1999 Jun 4;289(2):197-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296622; Pray TR; Nomura AM; Pennington MW; Craik CS; Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California, San; Francisco, USA.; An autolysis site of functional and structural significance has been mapped within the dimer interface of Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus protease. Cleavage 27 residues from the C terminus of the 230 amino acid residue, 25 kDa protein was observed to cause a loss of dimerization and proteolytic activity, even
Th1 and Th2 T helper cell subsets affect patterns of injury and outcomes in glomerulonephritis.: Kidney Int. 1999 Apr;55(4):1198-216. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217039; Holdsworth SR; Kitching AR; Tipping PG; Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Center,; Clayton, Victoria, Australia.; stephen.holdsworth@med.monash.edu.au; The recognition that human immune responses can be directed by two different subsets of T helper cells (Th1 and Th2) has been an important development in modern immunology. Immune responses polarized by either the Th1 or Th2 subset predominance result in different inflammatory effector pathways and disease outcomes. M
Interleukin-4 ameliorates crescentic glomerulonephritis in Wistar Kyoto rats.: Kidney Int. 1999 Apr;55(4):1319-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217053; Cook HT; Singh SJ; Wembridge DE; Smith J; Tam FW; Pusey CD; Department of Histopathology, Imperial College School of; Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England, United Kingdom.; t.cook@rpms.ac.uk; BACKGROUND: Activated macrophages play a central role in crescentic glomerulonephritis. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) down-regulates many macrophage proinflammatory activities. We therefore studied the effect of IL-4 on glomerular injury in a model of crescentic glomerulonephritis in the Wistar Kyoto rat. METHODS: Glomerulonep
Immunomodulatory effects of interferon-gamma on autoreactive nephritogenic T-cell clones.: Kidney Int. 1999 Apr;55(4):1395-406. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217061; Meyers CM; Zhang Y; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Department of; Medicine, Philadelphia, USA. meyersc@mail.med.upenn.edu; BACKGROUND: We examined the immunomodulatory effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on renal-derived CD4+ alpha/beta + T cells, called mouse renal (MR) cells, isolated from animals with murine chronic graft-versus-host disease, a model of autoimmune glomerulonephritis. MR T cells express a Th2 cytokine profile, altho
Up-regulation of Duffy antigen receptor expression in children with renal disease.: Kidney Int. 1999 Apr;55(4):1491-500. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217072; Liu XH; Hadley TJ; Xu L; Peiper SC; Ray PE; Research Center IV, Children's Research Institute, Children's; National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington; D.C., USA.; BACKGROUND: The Duffy antigen chemokine receptor (DARC) is a promiscuous chemokine receptor that binds chemokines from the C-X-C and C-C families. DARC was initially described on red blood cells, but subsequent studies have demonstrated DARC protein expression on renal endothelial and epithelial cells, even in Duffy-n
Diagnosis, prediction, and natural course of HIV-1 protease-inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus: a cohort study.: Lancet. 1999 Jun 19;353(9170):2093-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310065; Carr A; Samaras K; Thorisdottir A; Kaufmann GR; Chisholm DJ; Cooper DA; HIV Medicine Unit and Centre for Immunology, St Vincent's; Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. acarr@stvincents.com.au; BACKGROUND: The prevalence and severity of lipodystrophy syndrome with long-term therapy for HIV-1 infection that includes a protease inhibitor is unknown. We studied the natural course of the syndrome to develop diagnostic criteria and identifying markers that predict its severity. METHODS: We assessed 113 patients w
New molecular tool may lead to a new class of drugs [news]: Lancet. 1999 Jun 19;353(9170):2134. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99310082; McCarthy M
Anonymous or confidential HIV counseling and voluntary testing in federally funded testing sites--United States, 1995-1997.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999 Jun 25;48(24):509-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99328334; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and voluntary testing (CT) programs have been an important part of national HIV prevention efforts since the first HIV antibody tests became available in 1985. In 1995, these programs accounted for approximately 15% of annual HIV antibody testing in the
Renal insufficiency and failure associated with immune globulin intravenous therapy--United States, 1985-1998.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999 Jun 25;48(24):518-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99328336; Immune globulin intravenous (IGIV) is a sterile, highly purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) preparation made from pooled human plasma stabilized with glucose, maltose, glycine, sucrose, sorbitol, or albumin and is used as prophylaxis or therapy for various medical disorders. The Food and Drug Administration (
Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 20-1999. A 16-year-old girl with fever, rash and severe ocular disease [clinical conference]: N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 8;341(2):110-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305299
Cytomegalovirus infection and HIV-1 disease progression in infants born to HIV-1-infected women. Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV Infection Study Group.: N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 8;341(2):77-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99305294; Kovacs A; Schluchter M; Easley K; Demmler G; Shearer W; La Russa P; Pitt J; Cooper E; Goldfarb J; Hodes D; Kattan M; McIntosh K; Maternal-Child HIV Management and Research Center, Los Angeles; County and University of Southern California Medical Center, Los; Angeles, USA. akovacs@hsc.usc.edu; BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) has been implicated as a cofactor in the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease. We assessed 440 infants (75 of whom were HIV-1-infected and 365 of whom were not) who had known CMV status
Mode of delivery and the risk of vertical transmission of HIV-1 [letter]: N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 15;341(3):205; discussion 206-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316843; Landers DV; Duarte G
Mode of delivery and the risk of vertical transmission of HIV-1 [letter]: N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 15;341(3):205-6; discussion 206-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316844; Beckerman KP; Morris AB; Stek A
Mode of delivery and the risk of vertical transmission of HIV-1 [letter]: N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 15;341(3):206-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99316845; Gelber RD; Shapiro DE
Human defenses against Cryptococcus neoformans: an update.: Mycopathologia. 1998-99;143(3):121-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99281472; Brummer E; Department of Medicine, California Institute for Medical; Research, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, USA.; E.Brummer@JUNO.com; Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen, especially in AIDS patients, and is found world-wide. On the other hand, Cryptococcus neoformans var. gatti (CN-g) is restricted to an association with two species of Eucalyptus trees. Alveolar macrophages (AM) constitute the first line of de
Recovery of Cryptococcus neoformans from the nasopharynx of AIDS patients.: Mycopathologia. 1998-99;143(3):131-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99281474; Sukroongreung S; Eampokalap B; Tansuphaswadikul S; Nilakul C; Tantimavanich S; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical; Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.; mtssk@mahidol.ac.th; Nasopharyngeal swabbings, obtained from AIDS patients, were plated onto Niger seed agar containing antibiotics Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from 35 out of 84 patients (41.7%) diagnosed as primary cryptococcal cases before antifungal administration, and 8 out of 86 (9.3%) cry
[Maternal-fetal transmission of HCV. Role of HIV as a risk factor]: Minerva Ginecol. 1999 Apr;51(4):117-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99307819; Catalano D; Pollio F; Ercolano S; Ascione L; Desantis B; Russo C; Istituto di Ginecologia, Ostetricia, Universita degli Studi di; Napoli, Federico II.; BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to determine the rate of vertical transmission of hepatitis C and to analyse the concomitant infection by HIV as a risk factor. METHODS: We have studied the perinatal transmission of HCV in 22 pregnancies: 14 in women HCV+/HIV-, 8 in women HCV+/HIV+. We have performed the following
Drug addiction and dental care.: N Z Dent J. 1999 Jun;95(420):58-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99325251; Sainsbury D; Westmead Hospital Dental Clinical School, Westmead Hospital, New; South Wales, Australia.; Patients who are addicted to drugs, or are being treated for drug addiction, present a variety of management issues when they attend for dental care. A number of factors are related to the treatment planning and clinical management. Dentists should be aware of these factors in order to manage these patients sensitivel
Donating blood and the perceived risk of HIV infection [letter]: N Z Med J. 1999 May 28;112(1088):191. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99318534; Siebers R
[AIDS units: ghetto or open unit for everyone?]: Osterr Krankenpflegez. 1998 May;51(5):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98317110
[Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)]: Osterr Krankenpflegez. 1998 May;51(5):12-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98317111; Steflitsch W; Pulmologisches Zentrum Wein.
[The fear of infection--myths and facts]: Osterr Krankenpflegez. 1998 May;51(5):24-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98317115; Geyer G
[Psychosocial care of the HIV-positive patient]: Osterr Krankenpflegez. 1998 May;51(5):30-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98317116; Gattringer M
[Annenheim is different]: Osterr Krankenpflegez. 1998 May;51(5):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98317108; Kriz C
[HIV nursing without fear]: Osterr Krankenpflegez. 1998 May;51(5):40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98317117; Pietzka T; Allgemeinen Gesundheits- und Krankenpflegeschule, Graz.
High prevalence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in swine with four genotypes that differ from those identified in humans.: Parasitology. 1999 May;118 ( Pt 5):447-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF076043; Breitenmoser AC; Mathis A; Burgi E; Weber R; Deplazes P; Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.; maal@vetparas.unizh.ch; The microsporidial species Enterocytozoon bieneusi is found among immunocompromised, particularly HIV-infected, patients with chronic diarrhoea, and rarely also among immunocompetent persons with self-limited diarrhoea. Only recently, E. bieneusi was detected in 4 pigs in Switzerl
Mycobacterium fortuitum meningitis associated with an epidural catheter: case report and a review of the literature.: Pharmacotherapy. 1999 May;19(5):661-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99260674; Madaras-Kelly KJ; DeMasters TA; Stevens DL; College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Pocatello, USA.; Mycobacterium fortuitum is a rapidly growing organism that has rarely been associated with meningitis. A patient developed M. fortuitum meningitis as the result of a permanent indwelling, contaminated, epidural catheter. Diagnosis and treatment of the disease are difficult in that clinical features may be indolent, an
[Risk of transmission of hepatitis C through endoscopy of the digestive tract]: Presse Med. 1999 Jun 5;28(20):1091-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99322685; Ouzan D; Departement d'Hepatologie et de Gastroenterologie, Institut; Arnault Tzanck, Saint Laurent du Var.; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION: Increasingly implicated in HCV infection in patients with no patent risk factors, nosocomial transmission has been demonstrated between patients hospitalized in the same ward and from health carers to patients. The risk of HCV transmission by medical instruments could only be quantified with a
[Prospective comparative study of HCV serologic status in and AIDS population]: Presse Med. 1999 Jun 12;28(21):1101-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327696; Chaillou S; Berthelot P; Guglielminotti C; Pozzetto B; Fresard A; Pegue-Lafeuille H; Beytout J; Peyramond D; Lucht F; Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Archet 1, Nice.; OBJECTIVE: Study the influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) serology on the course of HIV disease in AIDS patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study of survival prognosis in HIV infected patients who had reached the AIDS stage was conducted in the Saint-Etienne, Clermond-Ferrand and Lyons infectious disease cen
[Non-transfusional and non-intravenous drug addiction related transmission of hepatitis C virus]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99327706; Serfaty L; Service d'Hepato-gastroenterologie, Hopital Saint-Antoine,; Paris. lawrence.serfaty@sat.ap-hop-paris.fr; PARENTERAL TRANSMISSION: Among subjects infected by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), about 40% have no history of blood transfusion or intravenous drug abuse. The highly variable presence of HCV in biological fluids other than blood would suggest that HVC transmission basically follows the parenteral route. Transmission o
Major subdomain rearrangement in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase simulated by molecular dynamics.: Proteins. 1999 May 15;35(3):332-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99258820; Madrid M; Jacobo-Molina A; Ding J; Arnold E; Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.; mmadrid@psc.edu; We have performed eight 1-ns in vacuo molecular dynamics simulations of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Starting with the p66 thumb subdomain in an upright configuration, the p66 thumb moved down over the palm during six of the eight trajectories, in excellent agreement with the crystallographic structure of unligan
The role of excitotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease: implications for therapy.: Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Mar;81(3):163-221. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99265830; Doble A; Neuroscience Dept. Rhone-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Antony, France.; Glutamic acid is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. Glutamic acid binds to a variety of excitatory amino acid receptors, which are ligand-gated ion channels. It is activation of these receptors that leads to depolarisation and neuronal excitation. In normal synaptic func
[Etiology of oligoarthritis in equatorial Africa. A retrospective study of 80 cases in Brazzaville, Congo]: Rev Med Interne. 1999 May;20(5):408-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293745; Bileckot R; Koubemba G; Nkoua JL; Service de rhumatologie, CHU de Brazzaville, Congo.; PURPOSE: The objective was to determine causes of oligoarthritis in patients hospitalized in a Central Africa teaching hospital. METHODS: We collected case reports of patients presenting with arthritis located in two or three joints. Analysis included the disease frequency, age, gender, and etiology. Etiology was defi
Intestinal absorption and permeability in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.: Scand J Gastroenterol. 1999 Jan;34(1):29-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99156516; Pernet P; Vittecoq D; Kodjo A; Randrianarisolo MH; Dumitrescu L; Blondon H; Bergmann JF; Giboudeau J; Aussel C; Biochemistry Dept. A, Hopital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.; BACKGROUND: Impaired intestinal function could account for diarrhoea and weight loss, which are common features of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS: We assessed intestinal permeability to lactulose and mannitol and absorption of D-xylose in 96 HIV-infected patients (group I: asymptomatic
Biological properties of interferon-alpha produced Ex vivo by whole blood of patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus-1.: Scand J Immunol. 1999 Jun;49(6):660-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99282790; <