3rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections


Washington, DC - January 28-February 1, 1996

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PERINATAL HIV INFECTION AND THE EFFECT OF ZDV THERAPY ON TRANSMISSION IN RURAL AND URBAN NORTH CAROLINA.

Conf Retroviruses Opportunistic Infect 1996 Jan 28-Feb 1; 3rd:57 (abstract no. 25)

Fiscus SA, Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Lim W, McKinney R, Rupar D, Kenny J, Woods C, Wilfert C
UNC-Chapel Hill, Duke Univ, and NC-Childrens' AIDS Network.

Using data from CDC'S Survey of Childbearing Women and diagnostic results from a centralized retrovirology laboratory, we assessed health care providers' identification of HIV exposed infants, ascertained the prevalence of transplacenta1 or oral ZDV treatment among infants exposed to HIV, and estimated the impact of ZDV use on perinatal transmission in both rural and urban NC. The proportion of HIV exposed children in NC who were identified and tested increased from 60% in 1993 to 82% for all of 1994, and to over 90% for the last quarter of 1994. HIV exposed infants born in rural counties were more likely to be recognized than those born in urban counties (p less than 0.0002). Most infants were evaluated relatively early in life: 43% by 1 week, 75% by 6 weeks, and 92% by 3 months. Among infants with recognized HIV exposure, transmission fell significantly between 1993 and 1994 from 21% to 8.5%, respectively (p=.009). After the announcement of the results of ACTG 076, ZDV was given to 75% of identified HIV+ women who delivered babies in NC. Only 5.7% of infants who received any ZDV became infected compared with 18.9%of infants who received no ZDV (p =.007). Rural infants were as likely to receive ZDV as urban infants. NC's health care providers are identifying most of the state's HIV+ pregnant women, treating them with ZDV, and testing their infants soon after birth for HIV infection. The use of ZDV in pregnant women and their infants has significantly reducedperinatal HIV transmission in the state.

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Copyright © 1996 - Foundation for Retrovirology and Human Health . Reproduction of this abstract (other than one copy for personal reference) must be cleared through the Foundation for Retrovirology and Human Health.