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3rd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and TreatmentRio de Janeiro - July 24-27, 2005 |
Monday TOC Tuesday TOC Wednesday TOC
Cite as: IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd: Abstract No. xx
where xx is the abstract number.
| PLENARY SESSION Monday, July 24, 2005 |
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 MoPl-01 |
MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPl-01) Francine E. McCrutchan, Ph.D. HIV in the infected individual exists as a swarm of highly related but non-identical viral genomes termed a "quasispecies" |
| MoPl-02 |
THE NEXT WAVE: THE EMERGING HIV EPIDEMICS OF EURASIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPl-02) Chris Beyrer MD, MPH Drug use and drug policies are driving emerging HIV epidemics across Eurasia. Drug users must be offered HIV treatment and prevention if we are to respond to this next wave. |
| MoPl-03 |
ACCESS TO TREATMENT AND PREVENTION: BRAZIL AND BEYOND IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPl-03) Pedro Chequer, MD, PhD Major features of Brazil's response to HIV/AIDS epidemic: • Early response by government (since 1983); • Robust participation by civil society in all decisions; • Multisectoral mobilization; • Balanced prevention and treatment approach, with human rights taken into account in all strategies and actions. |
| FORUM • 01 | |
| MoFo01 What will it take to control the epidemic? |
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 MoFo0101 |
INTRODUCTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoFo0101) Ronald Gray This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| MoFo0102 |
SYNERGY BETWEEN PREVENTION AND CARE IN AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoFo0102) Daniel Westreich This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| MoFo0104 |
HOW TO DEAL WITH CONCENTRATED EPIDEMICS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoFo0104) Marie Laga This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| MoFo0105 |
IMPACT OF ACCESSING METHADONE ON THE TIME OF INITIATING HIV TREATMENT AMONG ANTIRETROVIRAL NAÏVE HIV-INFECTED INJECTION DRUG USERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoFo0105) Carlos Caceres This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| FORUM • 02 | |
| MoFo02 HIV/TB Co-Infection: new visions, new directions |
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| MoFo0201 |
HIV AND TB AT THE CROSSROADS: INTEGRATING THE OPERATIONAL AGENDA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoFo0201) Paul Nunn This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| FORUM • 03 | |
| MoFo03 Mechanisms of drug resistance and fitness |
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| MoFo0304 |
FITNESS OF HISTORICAL AND RECENT HIV-1 ISOLATES IN THE EPIDEMIC: EVIDENCE FOR ATTENUATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoFo0304) Ariën K.K.1, Troyer R.M.2, Gali Y.1, Fransen K.1, Kestens L.1, Heyndrickx L.1, Colebunders R.L.1, Arts E.J.2, Vanham G.1 These results provide the first experimental evidence of diminished replicative fitness and increased sensitivity to TAK-779 and 3-TC of present-day HIV-1 patient isolates compared with historical samples. This observation also predicts a trend for attenuation of HIV-1 replicative capacity as the epidemic progresses. |
| MoFo0305 | LOWER RATES OF ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION IN HIV-1 DUAL INFECTIONS COMPARED TO SINGLE INFECTIONS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoFo0305) Williamson C.1, Grobler J.1, Seoighe C.2, Ramjee G.3, Morris L.4, Abdool Karim S.S.5 We hypothesize that the increased viral diversity in dual infection enables recombination to contribute significantly to viral adaptation to immune responses and that this results in a decrease in the rate of adaptation affecting individual point mutations. The ability to undergo major genetic shift in viral populations may help to explain rapid disease progression in individuals with dual infection. |
| MoFo0306 |
MULTIDRUG RESISTANT HIV-1 RESULTING FROM INTRAPATIENT VIRAL RECOMBINATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoFo0306) Weiser B.1, Burger H.1, Kitchen C.2, Mayers D.3, Foley B.4, Klimkait T.5, Hamy F.5, Anastos K.6, Huggins P.1, Petrovic K.5, Kemal K.1 We have documented intrapatient recombination resulting in multidrug resistance. Serial analyses of viral resistance, RC, and phylogenetic relationships in two anatomic compartments during HAART revealed the evolution of HIV-1 strains displaying multidrug resistance and high fitness in both sites. |
| ORAL ABSTRACT SESSION • 01 | |
| MoOa01 Dynamics of the HIV epidemic and measurement of incidence |
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| MoOa0101 | "PATIENT ZERO": THE CONNECTICUT SOURCE OF THE MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT, DUAL-TROPIC, RAPIDLY PROGRESSING HIV-1 STRAIN FOUND IN NYC IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0101) Blick G.1, Greiger-Zanlungo P.2, Heseltine P.3, Kagan R.3, Garton T.1, Arzu Z.1 Analyses confirm “CT”’s HIV-1 identical to the isolate from “NYC”. While acute infection resulted in rapid progression to AIDS in “NYC”, HIV-1 viremia is well-controlled, CD4 remains stable, and VRC=41% in "CT", refuting the concept of a new aggressive HIV strain, while suggesting host factors may best explain the rapid progression to AIDS in "NY". |
| MoOa0102 |
HIV SEROINCIDENCE ESTIMATES AMONG VULNERABLE POPULATIONS IN BUENOS AIRES USING A SEROLOGIC TESTING ALGORITHM FOR RECENT HIV SEROCONVERSION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0102) Vignoles M.1, Avila M.M.1, Martínez Peralta L.1, Pando M.D.L.A.1, Sheppard H.2, Maulen S.3, Radulich G.4, Rossi D.5, Muzzio E.6, Benetucci J.7, Weissenbacher M.1 The high HIV incidence found in some vulnerable populations from Buenos Aires indicate the urgent need for planning specific prevention strategies for them, mainly for MSM, NICUs and AW. STARHS-estimated incidence among MSM was confirmed with a longitudinal cohort study during the same period of time [Incidence: 6.0% person/year (3.1-11.0)]. Some of the groups with high HIV incidence may be considered suitable for volunteer participation in HIV vaccine clinical trials. |
| MoOa0103 |
MODELLING THE IMPACT OF CASUAL AND REGULAR PARTNERSHIPS ON HIV INCIDENCE AMONG HOMOSEXUAL MEN IN AUSTRALIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0103) Razali K.1, Mao L.2, Prestage G.1, Grulich A.1, Van de Ven P.2, Kippax S.2, Law M.1 The models suggest that since 1995, there is an increase in the contribution of casual partnerships in HIV incidence. Continued UAIC increases would result in an increased proportion of incident cases attributable to casual partnerships, and a dramatic increase in overall HIV incidence, much more than that expected from a similar UAIR increase. |
| MoOa0104 | INCIDENCE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS AND HIV AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0104) Hadi D.H.M.H.1, Shujaat P.D.M.G.S.H.2, Waheed P.D.W.U.Z.3, Masood P.D.M.G.M.A.3 The incidence of HCV in Northern Pakistan is high and of HIV higher than reported in the epidemiological spread sheet of Pakistan(0.7%). |
| MoOa0105 | PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR HEPATITIS C VIRUS, AND HIV INFECTION AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS IN GEORGIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0105) Gabelia N.1, Nelson K.2, del Rio C.3, Stvilia K.4, Chitale R.2, Aladashvili M.4, Tsertsvadze T.4 HCV infections are common among IDUs in Georgia and are strongly associated with recognized risk behaviors, especially needle sharing and imprisonment. Nevertheless, HIV infections, though present among a small number of IDUs in Georgia have not spread significantly in this population. |
| MoOa0107 |
EARLY DETECTION OF HIV INFECTION IN DISCORDANT HETEROSEXUAL COUPLES IN AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0107) Allen S.1, Rwanda/Zambia HIV Research Groups.1 In a cohort with a seroconversion rate of approximately 2% per 3-month interval, one quarter of new infections can be identified during the early, p24Ag+ phase. The main obstacle to detection is the short duration of the antigen positive window, rather than the sensitivity of the antigen test. Because increasing the frequency of study visits would result in decreased retention, the best strategy for obtaining study samples in early infection is more frequent batching of p24Ag testing and same-day invitations for re-draw. |
| MoOa0108 | HIGH PREVALENCE OF UNDETECTED, ACUTE HIV INFECTION IN A SOUTH AFRICAN PRIMARY CARE CLINIC IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0108) Stevens W.1, Akkers E.2, Myers M.3, Motloung T.3, Pilcher C.4, Venter F.3 A significant number of individuals were identified in this study as having acute primary HIV infection (0.99%), translating into an incidence rate per year of 12.9%. (C.I.: 11.01 to 14.12%). The feasibility of using pooling nucleic acid amplification testing strategies for high risk populations locally was confirmed. |
| MoOa0109 |
ECONOMIC RISK FACTORS FOR HIV INFECTION AMONG WOMEN IN RURAL HAITI: IMPLICATIONS FOR ACCESS TO HIV CARE AND RELATED SERVICES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0109) Smith Fawzi M.C.1, Lambert W.2, Singler J.3, Boehm F.4, Leandre F.2, Nevil P.2, Bertrand D.2, Claude M.S.2, Bertrand J.2, Louissaint M.2, Jeannis L.2, Salazar J.J.1, Farmer P.5, Mukherjee J.5 This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| ORAL ABSTRACT SESSION • 02 | |
| MoOa02 ART scale up |
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| MoOa0201 | THE CHILEAN AIDS COHORT (CHIAC): IMPACT OF AN EXPANDED ACCESS PROGRAM TO HAART IN SURVIVAL AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN A TREATMENT NAÏVE POPULATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0201) Beltrán C.1, Wolff M.1, Vásquez P.1, Berna L.1, Carreño J.1, Toro C.1, Chahín C.1 EAP to HAART in a middle-income country has been successful in terms of survival in an advanced-disease population. Significant higher mortality was observed only in clinically severe disease (AIDS) or severe immunodepression. A national cohort model may contribute both, to EAP evaluation and its overall success. |
| MoOa0202 | IMPLEMENTING AN ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT PROGRAM IN A NAIROBI SLUM, KENYA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0202) Macharia D.1, Ngan'ga L.W.1, Wangai M.2, Isavwa A.1, Ilako F.3, Marston B.1, DeCock K.1, Weidle P.J.4 Response to ARV therapy in this slum population was comparable to industrialized settings. With government commitment, donor support and community involvement, it is feasible to implement a successful ARV program in extremely challenging social and environmental conditions. |
| MoOa0203 | 6-MONTH IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE WITH HAART CONTAINING NEVIRAPINE IN HIV-INFECTED WOMEN POST EXPOSURE TO SINGLE DOSE OF NEVIRAPINE FOR PMTCT. THE MTCT-PLUS INITIATIVE IN ABIDJAN, CôTE D’IVOIRE (2003-2005) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0203) Bedikou G.1, Viho I.1, Tonwe-Gold B.1, Coffie J.P.2, Amani-Bosse C.1, Allou G.1, Sakarovitch C.22, Toure S.1, Ekouevi D.K.1, Leroy V.2, Abrams E.J.3, Dabis F.2 The 6-month immunological response was similar in women previously exposed or not to sdNVP before initiating HAART. Further followup is necessary to fully assess the long-term, impact of sdNVP used for PMTCT on the success of NNRTI containing therapeutic regimens. |
| MoOa0204 | GENERIC DRUGS, HEALTH DELIVERY MODE AND EFFECTIVENESS OF HAART IN BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0204) May S.1, Barroso P.1, Santoro Lopes G.1, Nunes E.1, Barcaui H.2, Costa M.2, Almeida M.1, Faulhaber J.1, Schechter M.1 This study demonstrates the effectiveness of HAART in a developing country setting where generic drugs are widely used, irrespective of the mode of health care delivery. |
| MoOa0205 | PEER COUNSELORS AS A STRATEGY TO EDUCATE AND MAINTAIN ADHERENCE LEVELS IN COMMUNITY ANTIRETROVIRAL CLINICS IN SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0205) Bekker L.-G.1, Mtwisha L.1, Orrell C.1, Rivett U.2, Wood R.1 This program shows that untrained HIV-infected individuals can facilitate education and adherence in antiretroviral programs. This may reduce the number of medical visits required whilst rapid personalized intervention may reverse increasing viral loads. The cell phone messaging strategy enhances their work, increasing communication and allowing effective data collection. |
| MoOa0206 | EXPANSION OF HIV/AIDS CARE AND TREATMENT PROGRAMS IN 5 COUNTRIES IN SUB SAHARAN AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0206) Nash D.1, Hoos D.1, Rosenthal M.1, Musick B.2, Fraser Chanpong G.3, Reed K.4, Casey S.5, Hawken M.3, Macharia D.4, Lima J.6, El Sadr W.1 Rapid enrollment of patients can be successfully accomplished, even at sites without prior experience. Programs were able to enroll women and children, possibly reflecting HIV testing in antenatal clinics. A greater proportion of men were on ART, suggesting a more advanced stage of disease. Collection of information on response to ART, adherence, loss to follow-up, and deaths is an important priority in order to improve the efficiency and quality of programs. |
| ORAL ABSTRACT SESSION • 03 | |
| MoOa03 Viral pathogenesis |
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| MoOa0301 | NON-INFECTIOUS X4 BUT NOT R5 HIV-1 VIRIONS INHIBIT HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES IN HUMAN LYMPHOID TISSUE EX VIVO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0301) Grivel J.-C.1, Fitzgerald W.S.2, Sylwester A.1, Lifson J.3, Margolis L.B.1 Thus, neither productive viral infection, nor CD4+ T cell depletion are necessary to mediate HIV-induced inhibition of antibody production in human lymphoid tissue in ex vivo. This phenomenon is mediated by soluble immunosuppressive factor(s) (ISF) secreted by lymphoid tissue exposed to viral particles. |
| MoOa0302 | THE GUT IS AN HIV-1 RESERVOIR REGARDLESS OF PLASMA VIRAL LOAD LEVEL (PVL) IN PATIENTS ON AND OFF HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0302) Olmos M.1, Fanin A.1, Perez H.1, Cahn P.1, Belmonte L.2, Parodi C.2, Bracco M.M.2 In this study HIV was detected in gut in patients off therapy with high viral load and in patients on HAART with undetectable pVL and virological failure. The intestinal mucosa seems to serve as a reservoir poorly influenced by levels of pVL or HAART. |
| MoOa0303 | IMMUNOGENETICS AND IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION DURING POTENT ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY: NWCS 233, AN ANALYSIS OF AACTG PROTOCOL A5001 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0303) Haas D.1, Geraghty D.2, Andersen J.3, DAquila R.1, Unutmaz D.1, Mar J.3, Benson C.4, Landay A.5 Allelic variants in genes important for CD4 cell expansion, survival, and apoptosis may affect interindividual variability in immune reconstitution during ART. Characterizing these variants, variants in additional genes implicated in T-cell biology, and gene-gene interactions, may suggest novel interventions to enhance immune reconstitution. |
| MoOa0304 | DEFECTIVE SURVIVAL PATHWAYS IN MEMORY T CELLS DURING HIV INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0304) Haddad E.1, Riou C.1, Yassin Diab B.1, Gagnon D.1, Vendette M.1, Boulassel R.2, Routy J.-P.2, Sekaly R.-P.1 Results suggest defect in the IL-7 and PIM associated survival pathways in memory T cells leading to an ineffective immune response during HIV infection. These data would greatly enhance our understanding of the immune response associated with HIV viral replication and disease pathogenesis. |
| MoOa0305 | COMPARISON OF HIV-SPECIFIC CD4+ T CELL RESPONSES IN HIV1 AND HIV2 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0305) Foxall R., Cortesão C., Albuqurque A., Victorino R., Sousa A. We documented here that the slow decline of CD4 T cells that is observed in HIV2 infected patients is associated with an increase in the frequency of HIV2 specific IL2-producing CD4+ T cells. This suggests that maintenance of this population is an important factor in controlling HIV2 infection, and as such identifies it as a potential target for immune-based therapies in HIV/AIDS. |
| MoOa0306 | DISRUPTED INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DENDRITIC CELLS AND NATURAL KILLER CELLS IN HIV-1 INFECTED VIREMIC INDIVIDUALS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0306) Mavilio D.1, Lombardo G.1, Kim D.1, Ortolano S.1, La Sala A.2, Daucher M.1, O'Shea A.1, Kovacs C.3, Marcenaro E.4, Moretta A.4, Fauci A.S.1 The disrupted NK-DC interactions occurring in HIV-1 infected viremic individuals is a possible explanation for the impaired adaptive immune response to HIV and may lead to a defective clearance of HIV-infected cells. |
| ORAL ABSTRACT SESSION • 04 | |
| MoOa04 Molecular epidemiology and transmission |
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| MoOa0401 | HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV — LESSONS FROM DISCORDANT COUPLES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0401) Derdeyn C.1, Decker J.2, Salazar J.3, Mulenga J.4, Bibollet-Ruche F.3, Allen S.1, Hahn B.3, Shaw G.2, Korber B.5, Hunter E.1 These results argue that a majority of new infections in this cohort is initiated by a single virus and that changes in the "silent" face of the subtype-C gp120 can dramatically influence neutralization sensitivity. |
| MoOa0402 | IMMUNOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF APPARENT PROTECTION IN EXPOSED YET HIV-1 SERONEGATIVE UGANDANS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0402) Kebba A.1, Imami N.2, Grosskurth H.1, Gotch F.2 HIV-1 specific humoral and cellular immune responses in ESN may play an important role in protecting vulnerable persons from HIV-1 infection, and such responses should be induced by prophylactic vaccines. |
| MoOa0403 | HIGH-THROUGHPUT HIV-1 GENOTYPING IN THE ERA OF RECOMBINATION: A SECOND-GENERATION MULTI-REGION HYBRIDIZATION ASSAY FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0403) Kijak G.1, Tovanabutra S.2, Watanaveeradej V.3, Sanders-Buell E.2, Arroyo M.4, Moqueet N.3, De Souza M.5, Khamboonruang C.6, Amnajsirisuk S.7, Robb M.2, Birx D.4, McCutchan F.2 MHAbce_v2 is a sensitive and specific tool, suitable for studying large HIV-1 cohorts in Southeast Asia, allowing for the real-time monitoring of dynamic epidemics. |
| MoOa0404 | HIV-1 SUBTYPE C DISSEMINATION IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0404) Soares E.A.J.M.1, Martínez A.M.B.2, Souza T.M.1, Santos A.F.A.1, Da Hora V.2, Silveira J.2, Bastos F.I.3, Tanuri A.1, Soares M.A.1 Despite the fact that subtype C appeared in southern Brazil more recently than subtype B, it is now the predominant strain in Rio Grande. Epidemic spread of subtype C could be taking place in Brazil, and possibly in South America, a phenomenon similar to that seen in other countries where this subtype is now totally dominant. |
| MoOa0405 | BIOLOGICAL PHENOTYPE OF HIV-1 BG RECOMBINANTS AND OTHER GENETIC FORMS FROM GALICIA, SPAIN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0405) Perez-Alvarez L.1, Muñoz M.1, Delgado E.1, Casado G.1, Sierra M.1, Carmona R.1, Thomson M.1, Pérez S.2, Miralles C.3, Vázquez de Parga E.1, Ocampo A.3, Contreras G.1, Medrano L.1, Taboada J.A.4, Nájera R.1 The biological phenotype of all BG recombinants was SI/X4, independently of the clinical stage of the disease, in contrast with subtype B. The biological phenotype of non-B subtypes and recombinants are linked to env V3 loop sequence variability. |
| MoOa0406 | GENETIC DIVERSITY OF HIV TYPE 1 IN RURAL EASTERN CAMEROON IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0406) Ndembi N.1, Ngansop C.1, Ichimura H.2, Hayami M.3, Kaptue L.1 These findings strongly suggest that this part of Cameroon is a potential hotspot of HIV-1 recombination, with a likelihood of an active generation of new forms of HIV-1 variants, though epidemiologic significance of new HIV-1 forms is unknown. |
| MoOa0407 | OUTBREAK OF A WEST AFRICAN HIV-1 RECOMBINANT, CRF02_AG, IN CENTRAL ASIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoOa0407) Carr JK1, Saad M2, Nadai Y3, Tishkova F4, Eyzaguirre L3, Strathdee SA5, Stachowiak J6, Beyrer C6, Earhart K2, Birx D1, Sanchez JL3 In these 4 countries in Central Asia, where dynamic HIV epidemics are occurring, subtype A(FSU) was the predominant genetic form of HIV-1, but CRF02_AG was also present to varying degrees, depending on the country. The highest concentration was in IDU in Tajikistan, where half of the strains either were entirely CRF02_AG, or recombinant between CRF02_AG and subtype A(FSU). This genetic information demonstrates that all of these strains were descended from one founder, but the location of the origin and the direction of spread was not apparent from the genetic relationships and requires further study. |
| POSTER PRESENTATION • 01 | |
| MoPp01 Microbicides |
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| MoPp0101 | USING LIVE MICROBES AS ANTI-HIV MICROBICIDES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0101) Hamer D.1, Henry K.1, Hu S.1, McHugh L.1, Lueders K.1, Adhya S.1, Rao S.2 Our results show that genetically engineered bacteria can (1) synthesize and secrete sufficient quantities of potent and broadly active HIV inhibitory compounds to block infection by diverse HIV primary isolates, and (2) compete with indigenous microbes for prolonged colonization of mucosal surfaces. The use of genetically engineered live microbes as anti-HIV microbicides has important advantages in economy, efficacy and durability. |
| MoPp0102 | THE CONTRACEPTIVE MICROBICIDE WHI-07 PREVENTS GENITAL TRANSMISSION OF FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (FIV) IN THE VAGINAL AND RECTAL TRANSMUCOSAL MODEL FOR FELINE AIDS (FAIDS) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0102) D'Cruz O.J.1, Uckun F.M.2 Using the vaginal and rectal transmucosal model for FAIDS, our studies demonstrated that WHI-07 either alone or in combination with a vanadocene has clinical potential for the development of a dual-function anti-HIV microbicide for sexually active women. |
| MoPp0103 | SYNERGISTIC AND COMPLEMENTARY EFFECTS OF THE ANTI-HIV-1 MICROBICIDES CAP AND UC781 IN COMBINATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0103) Jiang S., Liu S., Lu H.1, Neurath A.R. The combination of CAP and UC781 resulted in significant synergistic and complementary effects against HIV-1 infection. This was translated into meaningful dose reductions for each compound. These findings provide a strong rationale for developing combinations of microbicides with distinct mechanisms of action and "CAP + UC781" combination represents a promising microbicide combination for prevention of sexual transmission of HIV-1. |
| MoPp0104 | DEVELOPMENT OF A HUMAN PENILE TISSUE EXPLANT MODEL TO EVALUATE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF MICROBICIDE CANDIDATES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0104) Shattock R., Fischetti L., Fletcher P., Hu Q., Harman S., Mesquita P. The described model may provide an important tool to aid understanding of the determinants of HIV-1 infection of male genital tissue, and may facilitate the successful development of safe and effective microbicides designed to protect both men and women. |
| MoPp0105 | TMC120 BLOCKS HIV-1 INFECTION IN CELLULAR AND HUMAN CERVICAL TISSUE MODELS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0105) Harman S.1, Perumal D.1, Fletcher P.1, Van Roey J.2, Gwozdz G.3, Fairhurst D.3, Mitchnick M.3, Shattock R.1 TMC120 demonstrates good anti-viral activity in cellular and cervical explant models, and shows no toxicity at therapeutic levels. These data suggest TMC120 represents a promising candidate microbicide. |
| MoPp0106 | INCREASED EXPRESSION OF HUMAN BETA-DEFENSIN 2 IN HIV-INFECTED HUMAN COLONIC MUCOSA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0106) Lin J., Elliott J., Adler A., Anton P., McGowan I. The up-regulation of HBD-2 expression in HIV infection seen in this study may be a response to the mucosal inflammation that has been previously described in intestinal tissue from patients with HIV infection. In addition, the increased expression of HBD-2 in tissue with high versus low HIV MVL suggests a virological threshold before up-regulation of HBD-2 expression occurs. HBD-2 expression and regulation appears to play a role in controlling mucosal HIV infection. Further work is required to characterize the relationship between HBD-2 and HIV infection but HBD-2 may be considered as a potential candidate microbicide for HIV prevention. |
| POSTER PRESENTATION • 02 | |
| MoPp02 Sexual Transmission |
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| MoPp0201 | BELIEF AND PRACTICE OF CONDOM USE AMONG WOMEN WHO TRADE SEX FOR AMPHETAMINE IN TAIWAN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0201) Lee T.S.-H., Yang L.-C., Chen Y.-J. Our data provide evidence that women who trade sex for amphetamine were engaging more HIV risk behaviors. Condom use rates are low enough to produce an outbreak, indicating consistency with recent trends of reported HIV cases associated with drug use in Taiwan. Intervention programs need to involve not only sugar girls, but also all substance users, including special efforts to convince them to use condoms while having sexual intercourse. |
| MoPp0202 | SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AND VULNERABILITY OF FEMALE STREET HAWKERS TO HIV/AIDS PANDEMIC IN LAGOS METROPOLIS: IMPLICATIONS FOR HIV TRANSMISSION CONTROL AMONG CHILDREN IN NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0202) Oyefara J.L. In conclusion, female street hawkers are highly vulnerable to HIV infection in Nigeria. Therefore, government and NGOs working on the prevention of HIV/AIDS in the country should focus special attention on children most especially the street hawkers in Nigerian cities. |
| MoPp0203 | HIGH RISK FOR TRANSMISSION OF DRUG-RESISTANT HIV VARIANTS AMONG HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN ROUTINE CLINICAL CARE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0203) Napravnik S.1, Mikeal O.1, McKaig R.G.2, Matteson E.A.1, Menezes P.1, Eron Jr J.J.1 Although, the likelihood of transmitting drug-resistant HIV variants depends on a host of individual and viral factors, based on self-reported patient behaviors the risk of transmission of resistant HIV-1 may be high among HIV-infected patients in clinical care. |
| MoPp0204 | SPECIAL PROGRAM OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION FOR HIV-INFECTED MEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0204) A. Kiessling A., Desmarais B., Yin H.-Z., Eyre R., Steinberg J. Testing semen for HIV can eliminate specimens with a detectable viral burden, and allow the use of tested specimens in ART clinics near the couples´ home. Moreover, adjusting treatment regimens of HIV-infected men to eliminate virus production by semen producing organs may also prevent disease progression. |
| MoPp0205 | GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PREDICTORS OF SELF-EFFICACY FOR CONDOM USE AND SEXUAL NEGOTIATION IN SOUTH AFRICAN YOUTH IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0205) Sayles J.1, Coates T.1, Lee S.-J.1, Pettifor A.2, Rees H.3, MacPhail C.3 High self-efficacy was significantly associated with condom use at last sex. Predictors of self-efficacy varied by gender, suggesting that interventions to improve self-efficacy for women should be aimed at increasing HIV knowledge, communication, and self-esteem, while targeting negative attitudes toward condom use and stigma may be more effective interventions for men. |
| MoPp0206 | RECTAL MICROBICIDE ACCEPTABILITY: RESULTS OF A VOLUME ESCALATION TRIAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0206) Carballo-Dieguez A.1, Mayer K.2, Dolezal C.1, Exner T.1, Lin P.1, Pickard R.2, Vanderwarker R.2 Among men who engage in high risk RAI, 15 out of 18 would use 35 ml of a microbicidal gel. Use during sex may lead to reductions in the acceptable volume. Rectal microbicides can be an important prevention tool for men who do not use condoms consistently. |
| POSTER PRESENTATION • 03 | |
| MoPp03 Scale-up of antiretroviral therapy |
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| MoPp0301 | FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ART NONADHERENCE IN DAR ES SALAAM: FINDINGS FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY, JUNE - AUGUST 2004 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0301) Ndayanga P.O.1, Kwesigabo G.2, Mugusi F.3, Majigo M.2, Almeida A.3, Munubhi E.2 Sociodemographic characteristics and serostatus disclosure are not predictive of ART adherence. Alcohol intake and using alternative medicines contribute to nonadherence. Providers contribute significantly to ART nonadherence by failing to adequately educate their clients on the effects of nonadherence and by poor plans of ARVs refill. Both patients and providers should be targeted by interventions aimed at improving adherence to ART. |
| MoPp0302 | ARE THE EARLY RESULTS REPORTED FROM COMMUNITY ANTIRETROVIRAL PROGRAMS IN SOUTH AFRICA DURABLE WITH INCREASING NUMBERS AND TIME? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0302) Bekker L.-G.1, Orrell C.1, Pitt J.1, Abdullah F.2, Wood R.1 This data is encouraging that despite increase in numbers and extended periods of follow up, the excellent results first reported from these community programs are maintained. |
| MoPp0303 | ESTIMATION OF NATIONAL ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY COVERAGE OF MEDICALLY ELIGIBLE ADULTS IN CAMBODIA, 1999-2005 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0303) Saphonn V., Elliott J., Heng S., Ly P.S., Mean C.V. We estimated public and non-profit private sector antiretroviral therapy coverage in Cambodia using a model which included AIDS incidence, disease progression, mortality stratified by treatment category, lost to follow up and annual number of people on therapy as input values. National treatment targets set by Cambodia are achievable and are estimated in this model to be consistent with the international '3 by 5' coverage goal. |
| MoPp0304 | CAUSES OF LOSS TO FOLLOW UP IN PATIENTS TAKING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN THE NATIONAL ROLLOUT PROGRAM OF SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0304) Ive P.1, Conradie F.1, Xaba S.2, Sanne I.1 Loss to follow up due to death was largely related to the fact that patients initiate ART at very low CD4 counts. Living patients who did not return had logistical problems and a smaller group had side effects. Contact information on patients is often inadequate and this will need to be improved to facilitate patient follow up. |
| MoPp0305 | RESPONSE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) IN THE MTCT-PLUS INITIATIVE, A MULTI-COUNTRY HIV CARE AND TREATMENT PROGRAM IN RESOURCE-LIMITED COUNTRIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPp0305) Toro P., Katyal M., Abrams E., Austin J., Day J., El-Sadr W., Nash D., Katyal M., Abrams E., Austin J., Day J., El-Sadr W., Nash D. Adults enrolled in the MTCT-Plus Initiative from multiple sites in RLC have a favorable response to ART. Persons with more advanced disease had the greatest improvement on ART. |
| LATE BREAKER POSTER PRESENTATIONS Monday |
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| MoPpLB0101 | HIV IMPAIRS REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT FROM MACROPHAGES: A POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF ATHEROGENIC EFFECT OF HIV-1 INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPpLB0101) Bukrinsky M.1, Mujawar Z.1, Rose H.2, Morrow M.P.1, Bobryshev Y.3, Orenstein J.1, Sviridov D.2 These results suggest that virus-induced impairment of cholesterol efflux in macrophages may lead to accumulation of. cholesterol in these cells. Impairment of cholesterol efflux, however, would have only a mild atherogenic effect on the background of hypocholesterolemia characteristic for untreated HIV-1 infection. In HIV patients treated with HAART, however, a sharp rise of low density lipoprotein (which increases delivery of cholesterol to macrophages) associated with impairment of cholesterol efflux (which prevents compensatory removal of excessive cholesterol) would result in greatly enhanced accumulation of cholesterol in HIV-infected macrophages. These cells may initiate atherosclerotic plaque formation, thus contributing to increased risk of CAD in HIV patients. In addition, our results provide a novel view on how HIV maximizes utilization of the cellular cholesterol, an important factor in HIV biology. |
| MoPpLB0103 | THE OPTIMAL DURATION OF TREATMENT FOR HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C (CHC) AND GENOTYPE 2 OR 3 IS 48 WEEKS: RESULTS OF A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPpLB0103) Zanini B.1, Puoti M.1, Quiros Roldan E.1, Quinzan G.P.2, Bella D.1, De Luca A.3, Rizzardini G.4, Bruno R.5, Carosi G.1, Master coinfection study group. These results suggest that the optimal duration of treatment in HIV+ with HCV genotypes 2 /3 is at least of 48 weeks. |
| MoPpLB0104 | GROWTH HORMONE THERAPY IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED THYMIC MASS AND CD4+ T-CELL RECOVERY IN HIV-INFECTED ADULTS: INTERIM RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPpLB0104) Napolitano L.A.1, Schmidt D.2, Gotway M.B.3, Filbert E.L.2, Ameli N.3, Ng M.2, Epling L.3, Sinclair E.3, Bacchetti P.3, McCune J.M.1 GH therapy appears to be associated with gains in thymic mass and circulating CD4+ T-cells. GH may induce de novo T-cell production in HIV-infected adults. |
| MoPpLB0105 | METHAMPHETAMINE USE IS ASSOCIATED WITH POTENTIAL SEXUAL TRANSMISSION OF DRUG-RESISTANT HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPpLB0105) Chin-Hong P.1, Deeks S.G.1, Liegler T.2, Krone M.R.1, Grant R.M.2, Hecht F.1, Vittinghoff E.1, Coates T.3, Martin J.1 Among HIV-infected patients with drug-resistant virus, methamphetamine and sildenafil use are associated with high-risk sexual behavior with HIV-uninfected partners. Because of the public health ramifications of the transmission of drug-resistant HIV, novel approaches are urgently needed to diminish the abuse of these recreational drugs. |
| MoPpLB0106 | AN HIV-1 TRIPLE RECOMBINANT OF SUBTYPES B, C AND F IN BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPpLB0106) Pando M.A.1, Eyzaguirre L.M.2, Segura M.1, Bautista C.T.2, Marone R.3, Sanchez J.L.2, Weissenbacher M.1, Carr J.K.2, Avila M.M.1 In an HIV epidemic as complex as the one in Argentina, the study of sero-incident cases can yield important insights into the most recently transmitted strains. This study presents full genome analysis of the 3 genetic forms in this population: subtype B, BF recombinant, and a new triple recombinant. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3 subtypes composing the recombinant demonstrated that the recombinant was locally generated, certainly in South America, perhaps in Buenos Aires or even in this individual. This is the first such triple recombinant reported but will almost certainly not be the last. |
| MoPpLB0306 | EFFECTIVENESS OF LOW DOSE INDINAVIR/RITONAVIR (IDV/r) AT 400mg/100mg TWICE A DAY WITH TWO NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NRTI) AS A SECOND-LINE COMBINATION ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT (cART) IN NON NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NNRTI) EXPERIENCED HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS IN INDIA - 1 YEAR FOLLOW-UP IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPpLB0306) Patel A.1, Patel K.1, Patel J.2, Sharma R.1 Low dose IDV/r with 2nRTI is effective second line cART in restoring CD4 cells in treatment experienced patients and also well tolerated during 48 weeks of follow-up period. |
| POSTER EXHIBITION | |
| MoPe9.2C Paediatric treatment strategies |
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| MoPe9.2C01 | THE ROLE OF ENFUVIRTIDE (T-20) IN MULTIRESISTANT CONGENITAL HIV DISEASE TREATED SINCE BIRTH IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C01) Manfredi R., Calza L., Chiodo F. Enfuvirtide (T-20), a member of a novel class of HIV fusion inhibitors, may be also used as a part of salvage regimens, preferably when at least two drugs remain active at resistance testing. Despite concomitant introduction of enfuvirtide for both adults and children (McKinney RE. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2004 Feb;16(1):76-9), clinical experiences in pediatric age are still very infrequent, and specific efficacy and safety trials are lacking, while pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic experiences are ongoing. |
| MoPe9.2C02 | THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING OF INDINAVIR BOOSTED WITH RITONAVIR IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C02) Curras V.1, Höcht C.1, Bramuglia G.1, Rubio M.1, Cáceres Guido P.2, Mato G.2, Mecikovsky D.3, Bologna R.3 Although pediatric dosage of indinavir boosted with ritonavir is not yet defined, previous works suggested a dosage regimen of 400 mg/m2 indinavir plus 125 mg/m2 ritonavir every 12 hours. Since previous assessments of plasmatic levels of patients from our hospital had shown that this dosage regimen could lead to high levels associated with toxic reactions, the initial scheme consisted of 250 mg/m2 indinavir plus 100 mg/m2 ritonavir every 12 hours. TDM of indinavir showed that this regimen led to sub – therapeutic levels in this patients. Even though indinavir is boosted with ritonavir, the high variability observed in the plasmatic levels suggests that TDM of indinavir is advisable. |
| MoPe9.2C03 | ADHERENCE AND ACCEPTABILITY OF ONCE DAILY LAMIVUDINE AND ABACAVIR IN HIV-1 INFECTED CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C03) LeProvost M.1, Flynn J.2, Green H.3, Gibb D.M.3, Farrelly L.3, Novelli V.2, Lyall H.4, Walker A.S.3, Burger D.5 Adherence to once daily ABC/3TC was good with no evidence of an association between non-adherence and virological rebound. Acceptability of once daily drugs depended on whether the whole regimen was once daily. |
| MoPe9.2C04 | COMPARISON OF PEDIATRIC DRUG DOSING OF ZIDOVUDINE AND DIDANOSINE FROM A DOSE CHART BASED ON WEIGHT TO DOSE RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON BODY-SURFACE AREA FOR CHILDREN IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C04) Weidle P.J.1, Abrams E.J.2, Gvetadze R.1, Rivadeneira E.1, Kline M.W.3 Dosing ZDV and ddI by weight range for children in resource-limited settings provides fairly precise dosing as compared to dose by BSA. However, dose precision for zidovudine caps could be improved for solid oral dosage forms of ARVs if they were produced specifically for children. |
| MoPe9.2C05 | REGULAR MULTIVITAMIN AND MULTIMINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION IMPROVES QUALITY OF LIFE AND PROLONGS SURVIVAL OF HIV POSITIVE CHILDREN IN INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C05) Bhattacharyya S. Regular multivitamin and multimineral supplementation alongwith good food and hygiene improves quality of life, protects immune system and decreases oppurtunistic infection and mortality in HIV + children. |
| MoPe9.2C06 | DEVELOPMENT OF AN EFFECTIVE FOLLOW UP PROGRAM THROUGH PROVISION OF CO-TRIMOXAZOLE (TMP/SMX) AND NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT IN UGANDAN CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C06) Nannyonga-Musoke M.1, Lain M.2, Atai B.1, Nakachwa S.1, Bbaale D.1, Mazza A.3, Michelin E.2, Putoto G.4, Nsubuga M.1, Giaquinto C.2, Namaala J.5 This study shows how the administration of TMP/SMX and nutritional support are effective strategies in the management fo HIV positive children in Uganda. The high FU rate will also allow the implementation of ART scaling up programs. |
| MoPe9.2C07 | THERAPEUTIC INTERRUPTIONS IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC HIV-INFECTION; AN INTERIM ANALYSIS OF A STUDY FROM DURBAN, SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C07) Bobat R.1, Kiepiela P.1, Kindra G.1, Adhikari M.1, Coovadia H.M.1, Cassol S.2, Reddy S.3, Esterhuizen T.1 In this interim analysis, it has been shown that children with chronic HIV infection can be interrupted for periods of up to one week, with no adverse outcome. The CD4 counts continued to increase during the periods of interruption, and may be a better tool for monitoring response during interruptions. |
| MoPe9.2C08 | OVERVIEW OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN WITH PERINATAL HIV/AIDS IN THE HAART ERA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C08) Desai N., Mehta N., Ng I. Children with perinatal HIV infection in the USA maintain normal BMI in the HAART era. AIDS in this group causes a statistically significant reduction ( p= 0.04) in their ability maintain caloric intake. This may relate to higher VL in the AIDS group despite HAART.Particular attention must be paid to ensuring adequate nutrition once perinatally infected children are diagnosed with CDC defined AIDS. |
| MoPe9.2C09 | TNF-ALPHA AS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER FOR THE PROGRESSION OF HIV DISEASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C09) Kothari S., Sapatnekar S., Deshmukh R. Increased TNF-α mRNA levels correlated with the fall in CD4+T cell counts during HIV-disease progression. A concomitant increase in the mortality was also observed. TNF-α levels may therefore be used as a probable prognostic marker. |
| MoPe9.2C10 | LPV/R (KALETRA®) IN CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN 24 MONTHS — RAPID DECREASE IN VIRAL LOAD AND STABLE CD4 COUNTS DESPITE VERY LOW PLASMA LEVELS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C10) Königs C.1, Dunsch D.1, von Hentig N.2, Kurowski M.3, Linde R.1, Kreuz W.1 Available antiretroviral drugs offer a range of first-line therapies in HIV-1-infected individuals based on sufficient data. Nevertheless treating HIV-positive children is challenging. Many drugs are not available in adequate formulations and limited data is available on children younger than 2 years of age that are treated with a triple drug combination. Five children were followed for up to 18 months who started antiretroviral therapy before 2 years of age according to current guidelines (PAAD). |
| MoPe9.2C11 | ART IN ORPHANED CHILDREN IN WESTERN KENYA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C11) Nyandiko-Mokaya W.1, Ayaya S.1, Nabakwe E.1, Tenge C.1, Yiannoutsos C.2, Musick B.2 Many of the children are orphaned. Not being on ART increases the chances of getting TB 4 fold. There is excellent adherence with acceptable response to treatment in orphaned and non-orphaned children. There is a worrying stagnation and subsequent decline of CD4 % at 70 weeks. Being orphaned does not seem to affect adherence as earlier feared. Mortality is not dramatic both in the orphaned and non-orphaned. |
| MoPe9.2C12 | ORPHANHOOD AND ART ELIGIBILITY AMONG CHILDREN ATTENDING AN HIV CLINIC IN MBARARA, UGANDA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C12) Biraro S.1, Nansera D.2, Bajunirwe F.3, Kiwanuka J.2 In this population, a large number of ART eligible children are orphaned and/or cared for by someone other than their own parent. As ART is made more available, in populations where many children have been orphaned by AIDS, the role of caregivers needs to be put into consideration since they are known to influence adherence. |
| MoPe9.2C13 | LIVING WITH PAEDIATRIC HIV DISEASE AND ITS TREATMENT IN EUROPE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C13) Galli L.1, Thorne C.2, Asensi Botet F.3, Belfrage E.4, Castelli Gattinara G.5, Gabiano C.6, Giaquinto C.7, Grosch-Woerner I.8, Newell M.-L.2, de Martino M.1 Paediatric HIV disease is a chronic childhood condition in this European setting. As infected children become adolescents, accruing longer durations of ART, strategies to support them and their families are needed. |
| MoPe9.2C14 | AGE AT INITIATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND IMMUNE RESPONSE IN VERTICALLY-INFECTED CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C14) Newell M.-L., Thorne C., Patel D., European Collaborative Study Using age-adjusted CD4 z-scores facilitates the evaluation of age at start of ART in assessing treatment response. HAART with PI was superior, regardless of age at initiation. These results suggest there is little benefit in immunological response of earlier rather than later treatment initiation in vertically-infected children. |
| MoPe9.2C15 | LOWER SCORES OF NELFINAVIR METABOLITE M8 WERE ASSOCIATED WITH VIROLOGICAL FAILURE AT 24 WEEKS OF EARLY ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN PRIMARY HIV-1 VERTICALLY INFECTED CHILDREN IN THE PENTA 7 STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C15) Compagnucci A.1, Saïdi Y.1, Gibb D.M.2, Rampon O.3, Ramos Amador J.4, Feiterna Sperling C.5, Reliquet V.6, Giaquinto C.3, Girard S.1, Harper L.2, Burger D.7, Treluyer J.8, Jacqz-Aigrain E.9, Faye A.10 In infants treated during HIV-1 primary infection, metabolite M8 appears to be associated with virologic failure at 24 weeks. Specificity of metabolism in infants may explain this finding. |
| MoPe9.2C16 | REASONS OF HOPE IN HANDLING PAEDIATRIC HIV INFECTION AT THE MOTHER AND CHILD CARE CENTRE (MCCC) OF THE CHANTAL BIYA FOUNDATION (CBF) IN YAOUNDE, CAMEROON (2000-2004) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C16) Tene G.1, Tietche F.1, Tejiokem M.-C.2, Eteki N.3, Monny Lobe M.1, Pouillot R.2, Kobela M.1, Ayouba A.4, Njiki M.1, Bidias C.B.1, Ateba J.1, Ateba N.1, Foude M.1, Noutchomwo F.1, Ngozi J.1, Mengue Y.1, Tsogo F.1, Doumbe P.1, Kago I.1, Nkam M.1 PMTCT and children ARV treatment are complementarily going on the MCC/CBF with encouraging results. Reinforcing both will give more strength to the overall paediatric HIV care system. This work was sponsored by the GlaxoSmithKline Foundation. |
| MoPe9.2C17 | QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN RECEIVING HAART IN THAILAND IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C17) Oberdorfer A.1, Louthrenoo O.1, Puthanakit T.1, Sirisanthana V.1, Sirisanthana T.2 In general, most HIV-infected children receiving HAART had a high QOL level. The QOL was related to the child's immunity level, duration of HAART, and age. Further studies should focus on those children who had low scores in each domain, and provide intensive support accordingly. |
| MoPe9.2C18 | ADVANTAGES OF DIRECTLY OBSERVED THERAPY (DOT) IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF HAART TO CHILDREN/ADOLESCENCE IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO AS A MODEL PRACTICE FOR ADHERENCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C18) Omo-Igbinomwanhia N.E. This study showed that there is a higher degree of adherence in DOT in the administration of HAART as compared to no DOT shown amongst these children from the Cyril Ross (SVP) Nursery who were put on the same HAART combinations and those who do not live in the Nursery. Therefore DOT can be recommended for management of HIV/AIDS where applicable as an effective mode of therapy in order to achieve >99% adherence. |
| MoPe9.2C19 | PAEDIATRIC OUTCOMES AFTER 3 YEARS ON ART USING A PRIMARY CARE TREATMENT APPROACH AND SIMPLIFIED DOSING GUIDELINES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C19) Sarunchuk P.1, Michaels D.2, Hilderbrand K.2, Cotton M.3, Rabie H.3, Coetzee D.2, Goemaere E.1 Paediatric ART provision in the primary care setting is achievable if appropriately supported. Further dosage simplification will contribute considerably to the ease with which children can be managed by both primary care provider and by carers. |
| MoPe9.2C20 | EVALUATION OF A GUIDELINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF URUGUAYAN CHILDREN INFECTED WITH HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C20) Quian J., Gutierrez S., Más M., González V., Ihitz A., Telechea D. Most children had good laboratory and clinical responses at 2 and 4 months respectively, managing to change the course of the disease. Therapy failures were due to modifiable causes in one third of the cases. |
| MoPe9.2C21 | PHARMACOKINETICS AND 24 WEEK SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) BID OR QD AS PART OF ART REGIMEN IN NAÏVE CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C21) Rosso R.1, Di Biagio A.2, Dentone C.1, Bassetti M.2, Ferrazin A.2, Castelli Gattinara G.3, Viganò A.4, Giaquinto C.5, De Maria A.6, Bassetti D.1 The variability of pharmacokinetics parameters was extremely high. QD of LPV/r dosing regimen can achieve similar Cmin and Cmax concentrations observed in the BID pharmacokinetics studies. Significant improvement in CD4+ and VL were observed. LPV/r regimen was well tolerated and produced encouraging virologic and immunologic responses also in QD regimen. |
| MoPe9.2C22 | IMPACT OF HAART ON THE MORBIDITY OF HIV-1 INFECTED CHILDREN IN ARGENTINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.2C22) Bologna R., Mecikovsky D., Rocco C., Ruvinsky S., Rossi J., Mangano A., Sen L. HAART was associated with a reduced incidence of infections, and organ-complications of HIV, and a marked decline in the progression to AIDS. The baseline pVL was associated with the occurence of B and C events. The clinical response after HAART was associated with the improvement of CD4 % at 6 months of therapy. |
| MoPe9.2C23 | DREAM PEDIATRIC COHORT: OUTCOME OF THE ANTI-RETROVIRAL TREATMENT PROTOCOL ADMINISTERED IN A RESOURCE LIMITED SETTING PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no.MoPe9.2C23) Liotta G.1, Palombi L.1, Guidotti G.2, Guidotti G.2, Valls Blazquez M.3, Abdul Magid N.4, Da Cruz Gomez A.5, Marazzi M.C.6 The results achieved by DREAM showed the effectiveness of the DREAM approach in limiting the death rate even in the non HAART-treated sub-sample. Lack of pediatric fixed-dose combinations constitutes one of the major constraints in taking care of HIV+ children in resource-limited settings. |
| MoPe9.3C Clinical trials |
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| MoPe9.3C01 | ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ASPECTS IN HIV INFECTED/AIDS CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.3C01) Tudor A.M.1, Mardarescu M.1, Petrea S.1, Anca I.2 HIV cardiomiopathy was found more frequent in terminal stages (low CD4 count and AIDS defining manifestations). HIV itself was probably the first cause of heart injury in our study and not recurrent pulmonary infections. Additionally, HAART therapy and secondary metabolic abnormalities extend clinical and echocardiographic aspects. |
| MoPe9.3C02 | ALCOHOL INJECTION IN TREATMENT OF RECTAL PROLAPSE IN CHILDREN WITH HIV/AIDS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.3C02) Dattani P. These results had no significant difference when compared to series of seronegative patients by both – cure rate and complications. Sclerotherapy is cheap and less invasive. It may be considered in management of rectal prolapse in HIV/AIDS patients before resorting to more invasive surgical interventions. |
| MoPe9.4C Complications of ARV in children |
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| MoPe9.4C01 | GYNECOMASTIA DURING CONGENITAL HIV INFECTION TREATED WITH ANTIRETROVIRALS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.4C01) Manfredi R., Calza L., Chiodo F. Among over 200 reports of HIV-associated G described to date, none emerged in pediatric-adolescental age. Both pathogenesis-evolution of G are increasingly investigated, with attention focused on dysmetabolic alterations and lipodystrophy (absent in the presented p), as well as single agents and their combinations. Among NA, d4T seems the most frequently implicated molecule, although biases due to its large-scale use cannot be excluded. In the described p, NA and PI were given during 9.5 and 8 years. In our p, who represents the first described case of true G in a child, the absence of lipodystrophy and/or dysmetabolism, makes uncertain the existence of common pathogenetic pathways. |
| MoPe9.4C02 | LIPIDS PROFILE IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN OVER A COMPLETE FOLLOW-UP INCLUDING ACCESS TO ARV IN ABIDJAN, CÔTE D'IVOIRE: THE NUTRENF PROGRAM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.4C02) Mercier-Deheuvels S.1, Cristol J.-P.2, Anaky M.-F.3, Rouet F.4, Fassinou P.5, Msellati P.6 Unexpectedly, HAART in children living in poor-settings followed 1 to 3 years, seems to have a beneficial effect on lipids and vitamin E. We want now to investigate diet of these children in order to determine the origin of these changes. |
| MoPe9.4C03 | RELATION BETWEEN POSITIVE MOTHERS' NEWBORN'S WEIGHT AND ANTIRETROVIRAL USED BETWEEN 1993-2003 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.4C03) Terrones C.D.1, Hermosid S.1, Saínz Vicuña L.2, Leguizamón M.2, Redini L.3, Pesaresi M.1, Benetucci J.3 According to our study, there is a direct relation between the number of drugs used by the pregnant mother and the birth weight. If confirmed, these findings have relevance for the nearest follow-up of the newborns and a more appropiated prenatal care to prevent these newborns' morbimortality. |
| MoPe9.4C04 | PREVALENCE OF ORGAN DYSFUNCTION IN A CLOSELY FOLLOWED COHORT OF CHILDREN WITH PERINATAL HIV/AIDS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.4C04) Mathur M.1, Trivedi H.2, Rampersad A.2, Guillen C.2, Desai N.2 The prevalence of organ dysfunction and failure is significantly higher in patients with poorly controlled viremia whereas those with viremia controlled by HAART have significantly lower rates of organ dysfunction. Our data suggest that high degree of viremia/poorly controlled HIV disease, and not treatment related side effects are responsible for organ dysfunction in this cohort of children with perinatal HIV/AIDS. Control of viremia should override concerns about minor laboratory abnormalities while monitoring patients on effective HAART. |
| MoPe9.4C05 | SIDE EFFECTS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON CHILDREN IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS: ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.4C05) Azondekon A.1, Keitchion A.1, Sagui A.1, Apovo A.2, Afagnihoun A.3, Atadokpede F.4, Azondekon J.5 HAART is well tolerated in resource-limited settings, its side effects are minor and can be readily managed. However It must be born in mind that infants are mostly exposed; caregivers must also be duely sensitized and trained on the matter. |
| MoPe9.4C06 | QUALITY OF LIFE OF HIV INFECTED CHILDREN UNDER DIFFERENT TREATMENT REGIMENS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.4C06) Diniz L., Pinto J. The use of HAART in children, responsible for considerable improvement in clinical markers of disease progression and survival, did not impacted their quality of life as measured by the GHAC. This probably represent a balance between the viral and immunological benefits achieved with HAART and the problems created by side effects and compliance with complex, chronic therapy. |
| MoPe9.5C Adolescent issues |
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| MoPe9.5C01 | KABP SURVEY ON HIV AND AIDS AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG ADOLESCENT STUDENTS, NEPAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C01) Regmi P.R.1, Bhattarai R.P.2, Lamsal G.2 The study reveals that the knowledge regarding STI, HIV/AIDS is quite high, some misconceptions still pose adolescent at risk. They prefer health workers and peers for information, which suggests youth friendly service and peer education are appropriate strategy for communication of HIV/AIDS and Sexual and Reproductive Health. |
| MoPe9.5C02 | THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV AMONG STREET YOUTH IN BRAZIL AS REVEALED IN US CENSUS BUREAU FINDINGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C02) Shandera W.X. Street youth and gang members are an important risk factor population for AIDS. Studies from both Sao Paulo and Belo Horizonte show decreasing prevalence among street youth and gang members, more prominently for the latter. These data suggest that current prevention strategies are effective or alternatively that there immigration of seronegative cohorts to these cities is occurring. |
| MoPe9.5C03 | LIFE SKILLS: A TOOL FOR CHANGE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C03) Malulu L.G. Life skills education would enable young people to develop attitudes, behaviours, values and skills that promote responsible and healthy lifestyles. It would also enhance their self-esteem and assertiveness in their relationships with peers and adults. Children would also demonstrate an understanding of STIs, HIV/AIDS and other related issues. |
| MoPe9.5C04 | A SYSTEMATICALLY DEVELOPED CD-ROM EDUCATION PACKAGE FOR THE PREVENTION OF HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOUR (INCLUDING HIV/ AIDS) IN ADOLESCENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C04) Steyn P.1, Reinders J.2, Groenewald A.1, Prince B.3 School-based behaviour change communication on sexual health can effectively be provided by a self-guiding, learner-driven curriculum on CD-ROM facilitated by trained educators. The objectives fit with the new curriculum for life-skills resulted that the package will be implemented in 2005. |
| MoPe9.5C05 | So Know You Now...Now What? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C05) Calles N.1, Evans D.1, Rigamonti A.1, Ferris M.1, Millon J.C.1, Terlonge D.1, Kline M.W.1, Richardson J.2, Close K.1 Disclosure of HIV status is well tolerated by children/adolescents. HIV-infected children/adolescents live the same lives as uninfected children; they have similar dreams, hopes, and aspirations as "regular" kids. |
| MoPe9.5C06 | EVALUATION OF HIV POSITIVE PREGNANT ADOLESCENT WOMEN AT A REFERRAL CENTER IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C06) Hofer C.1, Machado E.1, Costa T.1, Nogueira S.2 Adolescents tend to be asymptomatic when referred to our Service (probably due to being infected later), and with lower SES. They tend to be referred later to the specialist. Although they presented asymptomatic, with higher CD4+ cells count, their viral load at labor was equal to older women, and they also were in risk to transmit HIV to their children. |
| MoPe9.5C07 | DISCLOSURE OF DIAGNOSIS TO HIV CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS - FOUNDATION FOR EFFECTIVE PALLIATIVE CARE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C07) Chirila O., Petrea S. Parents most found it a positive experience and gave them the chance to think about things they would not have done. The acquired results confirmed the opportunity and necessity of disclosure.Children are capable to cope with multiple loss involved by a sever diagnosis, before to install the final symptoms of AIDS. |
| MoPe9.5C08 | STIGMA AND SOCIAL BARRIERS TO MEDICATION ADHERENCE WITH URBAN HIV POSITIVE YOUTH IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C08) Rao D.1, Kekwaletswe C.2, Hosek S.2, Martinez J.1 Given the nature of adolescence, these results demonstrate that youth face unique barriers in adhering to HIV medications. In other words, managing HIV stigma appears to be a significant challenge for youth who face pressures of peer conformity and are just beginning to form romantic relationships. The social nature of these identified barriers to treatment adherence calls for innovative approaches to addressing adherence issues with youth. Community and school based interventions, such as stigma-reduction programs, may help to decrease the stigma that is driving youth to keep their status secret. |
| MoPe9.5C09 | INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS ON HIV/AIDS SEXUAL RISK RISK BEHAVIOUR AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN IBADAN, NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C09) Adejumo A.O. Good knowledge of HIV/AIDS alone does not reduce HIV SRBs. Self concept should be added to emphasis on knowledge in reducing. |
| MoPe9.5C10 | KNOWLEDGE AND BELIEFS OF ADOLESCENTS REGARDING REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH IN A RURAL DISTRICT OF PAKISTAN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C10) Raheel H., White F., Kadir M.M. Rural adolescents in Sindh, Pakistan have inadequate knowledge regarding reproductive health. They are not adequately informed regarding the preventive measures against HIV/AIDS. Knowledge is concentrated among those adolescents who have a higher level of education and able to read a newspaper. Media and friends are significant sources and can be utilized to provide adequate knowledge to adolescents regarding reproductive health matters. |
| MoPe9.5C11 | MAKFRAMEWORK TOOL AND RELEVANCE IN ADOLESCENT YOUTH HIV/AIDS BEHAVIORAL CHANGE COMMUNICATION: AN ORIGINAL ADOLESCENT INNOVATIVE PARTICIPATORY APPROACH FROM KITWE ZAMBIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C11) Makelele P.M.T.1, Chansa D.2, Mulenga E.3, Mandambewe C.4 Makframework tool helps to conduct a rapid participatory capacity/ need assessment as a practical, simple and cost effective tool highly needed in the hands of youth/ adolescent peer educators. It has revealed that sexual practice among adolescents is high but protection among the risk group is low, with ignorance about HIV testing. It has allowed adolescents to define their problem and implement their realistic programme. |
| MoPe9.5C12 | CHILDHOOD SEXUAL VICTIMIZATION AS A PREDICTOR OF MENTAL HEALTH SYMPTOMS AND SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG HIV+ ADOLESCENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C12) Bojan K.1, Kekwaletswe C.2, Hosek S.2, Martinez J.1 HIV positive youth have a high prevalence of childhood SV and engage in high-risk behaviors that make them susceptible to more STIs. These youth also appear at higher risk for PTSD. Comprehensive care for these youth must include mental health and medical providers who should screen for history of sexual victimization and mental health disorders and promote secondary prevention to reduce risky behaviors leading to STIs. |
| MoPe9.5C13 | ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON HIV INFECTED ADOLESCENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe9.5C13) Rubini N.P., Osório A.C.A. Llerena C.A., Silva E.M., Capelo A.V., Motta R.N., Sion F.S., Morais de Sá C.A. Our data indicate that the adverse effects occurrence of ARVT is a frequent complication on adolescents and that IP regimes have a greater risk of toxicity. The rate of lipodystrofia / dyslipidemias was lower than the reported on adults (11%). The severity of the HIV infection has favored a greater risk of toxicity of the antiretrovirals. It is likely that the advanced phase of the HIV infection implies on metabolic alterations that favor the adverse effects of ARVT. |
| MoPe10.1P Dynamics of the HIV epidemic |
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| MoPe10.1P01 | WHAT DO US CENSUS BUREAU DATABASES REVEAL ABOUT THE HISTORY OF THE HIV/AIDS OUTBREAK IN BRAZIL? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P01) Shandera W.X. The highest HIV seroprevalence values for Brazil were registered in 1991. Despite limitations of seroprevalence data, these findings suggest significant improvement in prevalence rates among groups such as street youth, but are a reminder of the potent interactions between TB and HIV. |
| MoPe10.1P02 | THE STUDY OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF MEN IN PRISONS OF THE NORTH WEST OF RUSSIA, RECEIVING NO HAART THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no.MoPe10.1P02) Bakulina T. It is absolutely necessary to introduce active HAART treatment for the St. Petersburg and region prisoners, improve the accuracy of diagnosis, improve general conditions of staing imprisoned (better food, care, social conditions). Helping prison inmates to realise the necessity and adherence for HAART therapy. But in contemporary conditions the information assistance remains the main and most important at this stage. Also it is important to raise the number of trained infectionists to work specifically with prison inmates with HIV/AIDS in the conditions of a prison. |
| MoPe10.1P03 | RAPID RATE OF PROGRESSION TO SYMPTOMATIC DISEASE IN PEOPLE INFECTED WITH HIV-1 IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P03) Hussain H.1, Hussain S., Zaman W.2 Disease progression associated with infection with HIV-1 is rapid in the Northern Pakistan as compared to time required by WHO staging system. This is likely due to the high prevalence of the conditions in the general population that may be taken as the signs and symptoms of HIV. |
| MoPe10.1P04 | DYNAMICS OF EPIDEMIC PROCESS IN ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P04) Vinogradova E.1, Vinogradova A.1, Volkova G.1, Yakovlev A.2 The Russian Federation still remains at the forefront of HIV epidemic in Eastern Europe. During the years of supervision >300,000 HIV cases were revealed. St. Petersburg is one of the largest cities and migration flow of citizens from near-by countries, which are unsuccessful in relation to HIV and other socially important diseases. In 2000 HIV morbidity dynamic had risen up to 5,400 cases and 10,117 in 2001. New cases of HIV were detected predominantly among youth (<30 y.o.). The leading role in HIV distribution was due to IDUs, parenteral route prevalence was 96%. The main spreaders of HIV were men, their total number exceeded 2,5 times number of HIV+ women. The cumulative number for HIV/AIDS cases in St. Petersburg is 24,600 (1987-2004). |
| MoPe10.1P05 | HIV/AIDS INTERVENTION-STRATEGY FOR RURAL AND HARD-TO-REACH COMMUNITIES IN NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P05) Egopijah U.M., Ukoima K.S. The short term outcome shows that rural based intervention with community participation enhance the impact of any HIV/AIDS prevention and care programme in Nigeria and therefore reguires more resources and effort to support to fight the AIDS in Nigeria and Africa as a whole. |
| MoPe10.1P06 | CLINICO- EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF HIV INFECTION AMONG FEMALE COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS IN IBADAN, NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P06) Fayemiwo S.A.1, Bakare R.A.2, Odaibo G.3, Olaleye D.3, Jedede A.4, Fasina N.2 Brothel - based CSWs may continue to be at high risk for HIV-1 infection and contribute the most to HIV- incidence. They should be the primary target of ART to reduce the HIV-1/2. |
| MoPe10.1P07 | HIV/AIDS RISK BEHAVIOR IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING ACCESS TO ENHANCED HIV/AIDS TREATMENT, KAMPALA DISTRICT, UGANDA, JANUARY 2005 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P07) Muhwezi E., Atuyambe L., Kasasa S., Wamuyu-Maina G., Otolok-Tanga E., Neema S. Beliefs regarding the effect of ARVs on risk behavior were diverse. Availability of ARVs had not significantly led to increased risk behavioral practices. |
| MoPe10.1P08 | Comparison of sexual risk behaviors between HIV positive and negative Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in San Juan, Puerto Rico Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), 2004 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P08) Rolón Y., Miranda S., López B., Marrero E., Girona G., Ortíz I. The HIV negative MSM are significantly younger and more likely to have UAI and RAS than the HIV positive underscoring the urgent need of effective Public Health interventions targeted to reach this critical risk population. |
| MoPe10.1P10 | HUMAN BITES. A RISK FACTOR FOR HIV TRANSMISSION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P10) Quava-Jones A., Bartholomew M., Bartholomew C. This is the first case report from the Caribbean of HIV transmission from a human bite. For transmission to occur from a human bite there must be blood in the mouth of the source patient and breakage of the integrity of the skin. Transmission is more likely to occur when the viral load of the biter is high as in early or late infection. Healthcare workers should be especially careful to avoid bites from HIV/AIDS patients, particularly by those who have epileptic attacks as a result of cerebral lesions and by aggressive HIV positive children and psychiatric patients. |
| MoPe10.1P11 | HIV DIAGNOSES IN PUERTO RICO, 2003-2004: A NEW SCOPE IN HIV SURVEILLANCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P11) López B., Miranda S., Rolón Y., Marrero E.1, Girona G., Ortiz I. Analysis of HIV surveillance data in PR suggest that individuals newly diagnosed with HIV are mostly male, ages 30 to 39 and infected via sex. This information will help to improve primary HIV prevention programs. |
| MoPe10.1P12 | PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 (HIV-1) B/F RECOMBINANTS FROM BRAZIL AND ARGENTINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P12) Leal E.S., Sucupira M.C.A., Tescarollo G., Silva S.M.S.A., Diaz R.S., Janini L.M.R. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed a very intricate relationship between sequences from Brazil and Argentina. Owing to the more stable clustering patter of B/F viruses from Argentina it is attractive to suggest that these viruses were restricted for a long time in a small group (e.g. intravenous drug users) causing them to be closely related. Contrary, B/F recombinants from Brazil were equally disseminated in the population and may derive from numerous de novo recombination events. |
| MoPe10.1P13 | THE "DOWN LOW" PHENOMENA: AN EMERGING RISK CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P13) Barnshaw J. Findings reveal MSM may not be receiving HIV prevention messages, resulting in increased risk among the "down low" MSM culture and may be interpreted from a network perspective for future development of HIV preventions interventions. |
| MoPe10.1P14 | CHARACTERISTICS OF AN AGING POPULATION OF PERSONS LIVING WITH AIDS IN SAN FRANCISCO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P14) Chen S.1, Kellogg T.2, Hsu L.2, Pipkin S.2, Schwarcz S.2, McFarland W.2 We are expecting an aging population of PLWA. More studies on clinical and immunologic responses among PLWA over 50 are needed. |
| MoPe10.1P15 | HIV PREVENTION IN AUSTRALIA: WHAT POLICY RESPONSE IS REQUIRED TO LIMIT INCREASING HIV TRANSMISSION? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P15) Doyle J. While there is an ongoing need for a collaborative policy response, there are institutional factors and interests that limit the ability and effectiveness of future policy development in this area. This finding is significant as it suggests that factors underlying the increasing spread of HIV may continue unabated, leading to even more complex public health challenges in the future. The circumstances required for effective prevention policy development will involve politics as much as science. |
| MoPe10.1P16 | MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV-1 INFECTION IN A SMALL BRAZILIAN COUNTY: USEFULNESS OF ENV AND POL SEQUENCES TO EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P16) Eyer-Silva W.A., Morgado M.G. Our genotypic results argue against the concern that resource-poor settings should not implement widespread accessibility to standard of care HAART due to the possibility of sub-optimal adherence leading to the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Intracluster cases, including those with no known direct epidemiological link, probably took part in the same chain of viral transmission. Such a pattern suggests the existence of sexual networks and the emergence of multiple new infections within a relatively short period of time, a potential molecular marker of high incidence. Polymerase sequences, which are increasingly being generated to evaluate genotypic drug resistance in individual cases, also contain enough genetic information to allow studies of epidemiologic relationships between populations, groups and people. |
| MoPe10.1P17 | DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH A RECENT DIAGNOSIS OF HIV-1 INFECTION IN A LARGE OUTPATIENT UNIT IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P17) Eyer-Silva W.A., Guimarães A.P.C., Pinto J.F.C., Sion F.S., Ribeiro L.C.P., Morais-de-Sá C.A. 46% of the patients who had a diagnosis of HIV-1 infection between 2001 and 2003 were women. The recognition that among patients on less advanced stages of HIV-1 infection virtually one female patient is being diagnosed for each male case has important public health implications. Around half of the patients entering care had a diagnosis of AIDS and 40.2% first presented with a CD4 of less than 200/mm³, which suggests the existence of a large pool of undiagnosed cases in the community. |
| MoPe10.1P18 | SIX AIDS-DEFINING ILLNESSES IN A MAN WHO PRESENTED WITH A GROIN ABSCESS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P18) Aboud M.1, Hussain S., Lai Cheong J., Kulasegaram R. This case stresses the importance of improved testing and public awareness. A recent analysis of our in-patients over a year showed that 30% of all admissions were new diagnoses, and 80% of these had a CD4 cell count <200. |
| MoPe10.1P19 | ECONOMIC RISK FACTORS FOR HIV INFECTION AMONG WOMEN IN RURAL HAITI: IMPLICATIONS FOR ACCESS TO HIV CARE AND RELATED SERVICES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P19) Smith Fawzi M.C.1, Lambert W.2, Singler J.3, Boehm F.4, Leandre F.2, Nevil P.2, Bertrand D.2, Claude M.S.2, Bertrand J.2, Louissaint M.2, Jeannis L.2, Salazar J.J.1, Farmer P.5, Mukherjee J.5 Economic factors played a significant role in the risk of HIV infection among women in rural Haiti. Partner's occupation demonstrated that farming was protective, however, market vending or being a mechanic significantly increased the risk of HIV infection in women. Given limited economic opportunities for women, those who seek out economic security through the prospects of their partner's occupation may be increasing their risk of HIV infection. Programs that target improvements in literacy and income generation for women may in the long-term reduce women's risk of HIV infection and may enhance their access to HIV-related preventive services and care. |
| MoPe10.1P20 | USE OF CONDOMS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P20) Rossi S.M.G.1, Kubiak C.2, Oliveira A.M.2, Carvalho M.T.W.1, Ramos M.C.R.1, Kubiak L.3, Scalco V.L.M.1 The use of condoms is recognized as the most efficient procedure to prevent sexually transmissible diseases, without sex abstaining. We see that, among medical students, that use is reasonable among men and somewhat lower among women, reflecting a possible cultural condition. The use is lower when a fixed partnership exists and still high among those without a fixed partnership. This behavior reinforces the idea that knowledge is not enough for the adoption of safer life habits. |
| MoPe10.1P21 | COST EFFECTIVENESS OF CONDUCTING POOLED PCR VIRAL LOAD TESTING IN SELECTED CLINICAL SETTINGS IN NEW YORK CITY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.1P21) Galatowitsch P.1, Urbina A.2, Snyder T.L.3 Based on current data, pooled PCR viral load testing (PPVLT) in NYC would likely avert 18-24 new HIV infections per year and would be cost effective. |
| MoPe10.2P HIV incidence measurement |
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| MoPe10.2P01 | PREVALENCE OF HIV AMONG WOMEN REQUESTING POST-ABORTION CARE IN EDO STATE, NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.2P01) Okpulor R., Okonofua F., Menakaya U., Eguzoro G. The results indicate an above national average prevalence of HIV among women seeking post-abortion care in Edo State. Acceptance of HIV testing under a regime of universal testing with the option to opt out is high among women seeking post-abortion care in Edo state. These results are useful for designing programs for the prevention of HIV, and suggest the need to intensify efforts at promoting dual contraceptive use among women in Edo State. |
| MoPe10.2P02 | INCIDENCE OF HIV IN VICTIMS OF SEXUAL ASSAULT OVER A PERIOD OF 5-YEARS (2000-4) IN TRANSKEI, EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.2P02) Meel B. There is an increasing incidence of HIV among victims of sexual assaults in this study. This is becoming more common among children. |
| MoPe10.2P03 | OUTCOME OF PARTNER NOTIFICATION IN A PROVINCIAL CLINIC IN EAST ANGLIA, UNITED KINGDOM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.2P03) Harry T.C.1, Sillis M.2 In our cohort Caucasian heterosexual males, mostly Oil & Gas Industry related-workers who acquire their infections elsewhere contribute to the low partner notification index. Non-B clade virus has not so far been transmitted locally amongst newly HIV/AIDS diagnosed patients seen from our low sero-prevalence catchment population. |
| MoPe10.2P04 | LEVELS AND DETERMINANTS OF HIV PREVALANCE: FINDINGS FROM A COMMUNITY BASED BIOLOGICAL SURVEY IN NORTHERN KARNATAKA, INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.2P04) Bhargava P.K., Satihal D.G. There is need to creat awareness about HIV/AIDS and to change their attitude towards persons living with HIV/AIDS to minimize existing stigma and discrimination to further reduce the spread of disease. It is also important to make available ART drugs at affordable rate to poor people to afford the treatment at early stage and live longer. |
| MoPe10.2P05 | BUENOS AIRES COHORT OF MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN: RECRUITMENT, RETENTION AND SEROINCIDENCE OF HIV AND OTHER SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.2P05) Segura M.1, Sosa Estani S.1, Marone R.2, Pando M.A.1, Rey J.3, Duranti R.2, Sanchez J.4, Weissenbacher M.1, Avila M.M.1 Successful recruitment and high levels of retention were attained in an MSM cohort in Buenos Aires. There was a drop in the annual HIV incidence rate from 6.0 % in 2001-2002 to 3.9 % in 2004 but this difference was not stadistically significant (p=0.21). It is crucial to develop specific prevention strategies. Given both the high incidence and retention rates noted, future HIV vaccine trials should be considered in this high-risk group. |
| MoPe10.2P06 | THE PREVALENCE OF HIV AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANC IN NORTH CAMEROON: EXPERIENCE AFTER 21 MONTHS OF VCT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. MoPe10.2P06) Tchendjou P.1, Gake B.1, Tsague L.2, Tejokem M.3, Choundong V.4, Nga R.5, Massing J.J.6, Njom Nlend A.E.7 A reduction in HIV prevalence from 9.6% to 6.56 among pregnant women was found. The significant difference found comparing this prevalence with that of the general population confirms the vulnerabi |