3rd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment


Rio de Janeiro - July 24 - 27, 2005

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PREDICTORS OF SELF-EFFICACY FOR CONDOM USE AND SEXUAL NEGOTIATION IN SOUTH AFRICAN YOUTH

IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd: Abstract No. MoPp0205

Sayles J.1, Coates T.1, Lee S.-J.1, Pettifor A.2, Rees H.3, MacPhail C.3
1University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States of America, 2University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States of America, 3Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

INTRODUCTION: The objectives of this study were:

1) to identify potential predictors of self-efficacy for sexual negotiation and condom use in a sample of South African youth, and

2) to describe how predictors of self-efficacy may differ by gender.

METHODS: Our sample included all sexually active youth (n=7,686) from the Reproductive Health Research Unit (RHRU) National Youth Survey, a nationally representative household survey of South African youth aged 15-24. Frequencies, chi-squares and logistic regression were used to identify significant predictors of self-efficacy stratified by gender, as well as to determine the association between self-efficacy and condom use at last sex.

RESULTS: High self-efficacy was associated with increased odds of condom use in males (AOR 3.26, 95% CI 2.06-5.15) and in females (AOR 2.59, 95% CI 1.98-3.39). Significant predictors of self-efficacy differed by gender. Factors associated with high self-efficacy in females included HIV knowledge (AOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.08-3.57), speaking with others about HIV (AOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.30-2.90), having future goals (AOR 2.60, 95% CI 1.52-4.43) and a positive outlook on life (AOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.02-1.97). Both females and males had reduced odds of reporting high self-efficacy if they had a history of unwanted sex (AOR 0.56, 95%CI 0.40-0.79 females and AOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.48-0.88 males), if they would not be friends with someone with HIV (AOR 0.55, 95% CI 0.31-0.98 females and AOR 0.30, 95% CI 0.16-0.59 males), and if they believe that condoms indicate mistrust (AOR 0.45, 95% CI, 0.32-0.63 females and AOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.37-0.73 males).

CONCLUSIONS: High self-efficacy was significantly associated with condom use at last sex. Predictors of self-efficacy varied by gender, suggesting that interventions to improve self-efficacy for women should be aimed at increasing HIV knowledge, communication, and self-esteem, while targeting negative attitudes toward condom use and stigma may be more effective interventions for men.

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Prevention | MoPp0205 | Jennifer Sayles
10.1 270 10.1 Dynamics of the HIV epidemic

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