3rd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment Rio de Janeiro - July 24 - 27, 2005

ASSESSING POTENTIAL CANDIDATES FOR HIV PREVENTION TRIALS IN A VERY POOR AREA OF RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL

IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd: Abstract No. TuOa0107

Velasco de Castro C.¹, Grinsztejn B.², Veloso V.G.², Bastos F.I.³, Pilotto J.H.⁴, Paiva M.², Friedman R.², Moreira R.I.², Morgado M.G.^5
1IPEC/IOC/IFF - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, ²IPEC- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, ³CICT - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, ⁴Hospital Geral de Nova Iguacu/ IPEC-Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Nova Iguacu, Brazil, ⁵IOC- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

INTRODUCTION: Serological differentiation between incident and prevalent HIV-1 infection has been described as a powerful laboratory tool to track the trends of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in distinct settings. Considering the importance of such approach for assessing immune response and virus diversity in early infection, we started the evaluation of acute and recent infection among individuals looking for diagnosis of HIV infection in VCTs located in two very poor-resource settings in Rio de Janeiro State.

METHODS: From November 2004 to May 2005, 2,774 individuals were tested in two VCTs located respectively in Nova Iguacu and Duque de Caxias, municipalities of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Serological assays for HIV-1 diagnoses followed the Brazilian algorithm. HIV-1 seropositive samples were further tested for the differentiation between incident and prevalent infections using the BED-CEIA protocol (Calypte Biom Corp, USA), based on gp 41 peptides from distinct HIV-1 subtypes. We are also looking for acute infections testing pools of 50 seronegative samples by Nuclisens (Biomerieux) viral load assay with a limit of detection of 80 copies/ml.

RESULTS: In this sample, HIV prevalence was 5.11% (95% CI 4.27%-5.95%) of prevalence of HIV infection. Twenty-one from 121 seropositive individuals (17.35%) were identified as recent infection, indicating an incidence rate of 1.87% (95% CI 1.44% - 2.30%). Fifty pools of seronegative samples (50 samples on each) were tested for viral load detection and no HIV RNA positive samples has been observed so far.

CONCLUSIONS: The high rate of incident infections we found indicates the vulnerability of poor population to HIV/AIDS. It also shows the usefulness of this assay to identify recent HIV infections. In Rio de Janeiro, VCTs attended by very poor population can be an adequate setting for recruitment of potential candidates to HIV prevention and therapeutic trials targeting recently infected individuals.

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050724
Basic | TuOa0107 | M.G. Morgado
HIV vaccine development trials

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