3rd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment Rio de Janeiro - July 24 - 27, 2005

COMMUNITY BASED STUDY OF HIV-1 INFECTION AMONG PLANTATION WORKERS IN KERICHO, KENYA IN PREPARATION FOR HIV-1 VACCINE TRIALS.

IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd: Abstract No. WePp0201

Foglia G.¹, Langat L.¹, Langat W.¹, Kibaya R.¹, Kimutai R.¹, Kiptoo I.¹, Sateren W.², Bautista C.², Renzullo P.³, Darden J.³, Wasunna M.⁴, Michael N.⁵, Robb M.², Birx D.^5
1 United States Army Medical Research Unit - Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya, 2 Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, United States of America, ³ National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States of America, ⁴ Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, ⁵ Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, United States of America

INTRODUCTION: HIV-1 vaccine trial site preparation includes determining HIV-1 prevalence and incidence. One possible site is a tea plantation in Kericho located in the western highlands of Kenya. Baseline prevalence and risk factors were determined among rural plantation workers as part of an ongoing 3 year follow-up study of HIV-1 incidence.

METHODS: Following an HIV counseling session and a passing score on the study test of understanding, individuals were recruited from 6 plantation estates between June and December 2003. Detailed demographic, drug, and sexual risk behavior information was collected. Blood samples were tested for HIV-1, syphilis and malaria. Logistic regression was applied to calculate odds ratios adjusted by age and marital status.

RESULTS: 2,801 residents (>18 years old) were recruited for the study cohort; 405(14.5%) were found to be HIV-1 infected. HIV-1 prevalence was higher in women (19.1%) than in men (11.6%, P <0.001). For younger individuals (18 to 24 years old) HIV-1 prevalence was 5 times higher among women than men (14.53% vs. 2.87%). Significant risk factors associated with prevalent HIV-1 infection included: tribal affiliation (Luo tribe members AOR = 6.4 and 2.5 for men and women), male (but not female) circumcision (AOR = 0.25), marriage (male OR = 2.89, female OR = 2.03 ever vs. never), daily travel to local major cities (AOR = 3.9 and 2.2 for males and females), blood transfusion (AOR = 1.8), prior syphilis (AOR = 2.6), and sex with prostitutes (AOR = 1.5). Over 90% of persons indicated a desire to participate in a future HIV-1 vaccine trial. Major concerns included placebo use in the trial, pain, injection with a needle, and possibly testing HIV-1 positive.

CONCLUSIONS: HIV-1 prevalence is high in this population. Risk factors are those observed in other African populations. Successful HIV-1 vaccine cohort development requires sensitizing the local communities and educating potential volunteers.

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Prevention | WePp0201 | Ginamarie Foglia
Planning for vaccine efficacy trials

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