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3rd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and TreatmentRio de Janeiro - July 24-27, 2005 |
Main TOC Monday TOC Tuesday TOC
Cite as: IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd: Abstract No. xx
where xx is the abstract number.
| Wednesday | |
| Forum • 02 | |
| WeFo02 Salvage therapy in different clinical settings |
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 WeFo0201 |
Switching therapy: strategic approaches IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeFo0201) Steve Deeks Power Point Presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| WeFo0202 |
Sequencing therapy in resource limited settings IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeFo0202) Ian Sanne Power Point Presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| WeFo0203 |
Options for deep salvage therapy: now and the near future IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeFo0203) Julio Montaner Power Point Presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| WeFo0204 | E-184V STUDY. LAMIVUDINE MONOTHERAPY VS TREATMENT INTERRUPTION IN FAILING HIV-1 INFECTED SUBJECTS, HARBOURING THE M184V MUTATION: 48-WEEK FINAL RESULTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeFo0204) Castagna A.1, Danise A.1, Menzo S.2, Galli L.1, Boeri E.1, Gianotti N.1, Carini E.1, Tiberi S.1, Cernuschi M.1, Hasson H.1, Mammarella M.2, Guffanti M.1, Seminari E.1, Clementi M.1, Lazzarin A.1 3TC monotherapy induces less immunological and clinical failure than TI. This strategy is associated with maintenance of reduced viral fitness, low viral rebound and reduction of resistance mutations. |
| WeFo0205 |
Enfuvirtide (T20) plasma levels and injection site reactions (ISRs) using a novel needle-free gas-powered injection system (Biojector) for subcutaneous administration of T20 in treatment-experienced HIV+ patients IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeFo0205) Montaner J.1, Joy R.1, Larsen G.1, Valyi M.1, Walker E.2, Harris M.1 Power Point Presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| Oral Abstracts | |
| WeOa01 Initiation of therapy |
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| WeOa0101 | CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FACTORS AT RECRUITMENT IN HIV INFECTED CHILDREN IN RELATION WITH THREE YEARS SURVIVAL IN ABIDJAN, CÔTE D'IVOIRE: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE ANRS 1244/1278 STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0101) Msellati P.1, Anaky M.F.2, Rouet F.3, Kouakoussui A.2, Mercier S.4, Wemin M.L.5, N'Gbeche M.S.2, Fassinou P.6, Blanche S.7 Very low weight for age Z-score, history of tuberculosis and viral load >5 log are strong predictors of poor survival at 3 years and CD4 >15% is a predictor of good survival. This confirms guidelines we use for HAART initiation and advocates for an early identification of HIV-infected children. |
| WeOa0102 | DEVELOPMENT OF A PAEDIATRIC HIV CHRONIC CARE MODEL TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF CARE AND ACCELERATE THE PROVISION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN SOWETO, SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0102) Moultrie H.1, Meyers T.2, Barker P.3 Efficiency of the clinic has substantially improved and patient clinical outcomes are excellent. The feasibility and value of implementing chronic disease management and quality improvement systems in a government sector clinic in a resource poor setting is evident. The model is now being implemented at 2 primary care ART sites in Johannesburg. |
| WeOa0103 | EARLY EFFECTIVENESS OF TRIOMUNE IN HIV INFECTED UGANDAN CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0103) Barlow-Mosha L.1, Musoke P.2, Ajuna P.1, Luttajumwa M.1, Walabyeki J.1, Owor M.1, Mubiru M.1 The use of Triomune in HIV infected children is effective. Triomune therapy led to a significant increase in CD4 count and decrease in viral load after 36 weeks of therapy. Adherence to tablet formulations is better than to syrup formulations. We are still monitoring the effect of single-dose NVP on response to future NVP containing HAART regimens. |
| WeOa0104 | DELAYED COMPLICATIONS OF BACILLUS CALMETTE – GUERIN (BCG) VACCINATION IN HIV INFECTED CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0104) Fallo A., Torrado L., Sanchez A., Cerqueiro C., Shadgrosky L., Lopez E.L. We report a high frequency of complications and an increased risk of severe disease, therefore we believe that BCG vaccination should be reconsidered in children at risk of HIV infection. |
| WeOa02 Antiretroviral treatment strategies |
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| WeOa0201 | INVESTIGATING CELLULAR ANTIRETROVIRAL RESISTANCE: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE "ICARE" STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0201) Lafeuillade A.1, Hittinger G.1, Poggi C.2, Benech H.3, Cupo A.4 Huge differences in antiretroviral diffusion and metabolism are found in vivo in PBMC versus LNMC; these differences could be related to differences in MDR expression. These data may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of HIV-1 RNA persistence during effective. |
| WeOa0202 | SUPERIOR OUTCOME FOR TENOFOVIR DF (TDF), EMTRICITABINE (FTC) AND EFAVIRENZ (EFV) COMPARED TO FIXED DOSE ZIDOVUDINE/LAMIVUDINE (CBV) AND EFV IN ANTIRETROVIRAL NAÏVE PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0202) Pozniak A.L.1, Gallant J.E.2, DeJesus E.3, Campo R.4, Arribas J.R.5, Gazzard B.1, Lu B.6, McColl D.6, Enejosa J.6, Cheng A.K.6 Through week 48, the combination of TDF, FTC and EFV compared to CBV + EFV fulfilled the criteria for non inferiority and resulted in a superior outcome in terms of virologic suppression, CD4 response, and adverse events leading to study regimen discontinuation. |
| WeOa0203 | THE LEVEL OF PERSISTENT VIREMIA DOES NOT INCREASE AFTER SIMPLIFICATION OF MAINTENANCE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY TO LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR ALONE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0203) McKinnon J.E.1, Arribas J.R.2, Pulido F.3, Delgado R.3, Mellors J.W.1 The level of persistent viremia in patients suppressed to <50 copies/ml on combination therapy did not change at 4 or 8 weeks after simplification to LPV/r alone, implying that suppression of HIV-1 replication was maintained. |
| WeOa0204 | VIRAL SUPPRESSION IN CSF AND GENITAL TRACT IN RITONAVIR-BOOSTED "ATAZANAVIR ONLY" MAINTENANCE THERAPY (ATARITMO-STUDY) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0204) Vernazza P.1, Daneel S.1, Schiffer V.2, Decosterd L.3, Hirschel B.2, and the Swiss HIV Cohort S.1 Ritonavir-boosted atazanavir mono therapy might be a potentially attractive strategy for long-term maintenance of ART. However, due to the limited penetration into compartments, more data on the safety and compartment penetration of protease-mono ART are needed. |
| WeOa0205 | TIPRANAVIR/RITONAVIR (TPV/R) 500 MG/200 MG BID DRIVES WEEK 24 VIRAL LOAD (VL) BELOW 400 COPIES/ML WHEN COMBINED WITH A SECOND ACTIVE DRUG (T-20) IN PROTEASE INHIBITOR EXPERIENCED HIV+ PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0205) Valdez H., McCallister S., Kohlbrenner V., Mayers D. Most PI-experienced patients who received a TPV/r -containing regimen achieved an IQ ≥60. With this IQ, 81% of patients who also included a new class of drug in the regimen achieved a week 24 viral load reduction of 1 log10 or more. Nearly 60% of these hard-to-treat patients achieved a week 24 VL <400 copies/mL. |
| WeOa0206 | SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED FOOD EFFECT AND PHARMACOKINETIC VARIABILITY WITH A NOVEL LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR TABLET FORMULATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0206) Awni W., Chiu Y.-L., Zhu T., Braun N., Klein C., Heuser R., Breitenbach J., Morris J., Doan T., Brun S., Hanna G. Lopinavir and ritonavir levels were similar between tablet and SGC formulations under reference meal conditions. There was considerably less food effect with the tablet formulation, and pharmacokinetic variability was significantly reduced under all meal conditions compared to the SGC. |
| WeOa03 Harm reduction |
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| WeOa0301 | IDENTIFICATION OF SELECTION FACTORS THAT EXPLAIN ELEVATED RATES OF HIV SEROCONVERSION AMONG PARTICIPANTS IN ONE OF NORTH AMERICA'S LARGEST SYRINGE EXCHANGE PROGRAMS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0301) Lloyd-Smith E., Kerr T., Li K., Hogg R., Tyndall M., Montaner J., Wood E. These data demonstrate that the HIV seroconversion differences between frequent and non-frequent NEP attendees may be explained by the higher risk profile of frequent NEP attendees. |
| WeOa0302 | SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF DRUG PURCHASE AND USE LOCATIONS AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS IN PHILADELPHIA: POTENTIAL ROLE IN HIV PREVENTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0302) Kraut-Becher J., Lynch K., Fiore D., Metzger D. Geographic information may aid in our understanding of HIV risk behaviors and help design and target new HIV prevention strategies. |
| WeOa0303 | NEW, INNOVATIVE APPROACH FOR HARM REDUCTION AND PRIMARY HIV PREVENTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOa0303) Mirzoyan A.1, Ter-Hovakimyan A.2, Bakhshinyan V.1, Minasyan H.2 1. PD approach is asset-based and enables target group to find own sustainable solution for prevention of HIV infection. 2. PD is widely acceptable by IDUs and FSWs, since based on "indigenous" knowledge. 3. PD participants are active actors in own development. 4. Input from community ensures low-cost, long-term and sustained impact. 5. PD is a behavioural change approach: Practice, Attitude and Knowledge (PAK). 6. Attraction of CAG facilitates reaching of target groups and shortens baseline assessment to 1-3 days. |
| LATE BREAKER ORAL ABSTRACTS Wednesday |
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| WeOaLB0101 | COMPARATIVE DISEASE PROGRESSION OBSERVED IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENTS INFECTED WITH DRUG RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE HIV-1: NO SIGNS FOR INCREASED VIRULENCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOaLB0101) Wensinq A.M.J.1, Van de Vijver D.A.M.C.2, Vercauteren J.3, Albert J.4, Bratt G.5, Clumeck N.6, Coughlan S.7, Grossman Z.8, Hatzakis A.9, Horban A.10, Jevtovic D.11, Bruun Jørgensen L.12, Kuecherer C.13, Lange J.14, Nielsen C.12, Paraskevis D.9, Poggensee G.13, Puchhammer-Stöckl E.15, Schmit J.-C.16, Stanczak G.10, Stanojevic M.17, Vandamme A.-M.3, Boucher C.A.B.2 In this systematic approach patients recently diagnosed with resistant viruses experienced a similar disease progression as patients infected with drug-sensitive viruses. Currently there are no indications that multi-drug HIV variants with increased virulence are circulating in Europe. Further follow up is needed to determine whether clinical response to therapy once initiated may affect disease outcome. |
| WeOaLB0102 | TMC114/r OUTPERFORMS INVESTIGATOR-SELECTED PI(s) IN 3-CLASS-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS: WEEK 24 PRIMARY ANALYSIS OF POWER 1 (TMC114-C213) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOaLB0102) Katlama C.1, Carvalho M.T.2, Cooper D.3, De Backer K.4, Lefebvre E.4, Pedro R.2, Rombouts K.4, Stoehr A.5, Vangeneugden T.4, Woehrmann A.6 The magnitude of viral suppression achieved with TMC114/r in 3-class-experienced patients was significantly greater than control PI(s) and similar to that seen in less experienced patients. An exceptional CD4 response was observed. |
| WeOaLB0103 | ANTIRETROVIRAL ACTIVITY AND TOLERABILITY OF REVERSET (D-D4FC), A NEW FLUORO-CYTIDINE NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG WHEN USED IN COMBINATION THERAPY IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS: RESULTS OF PHASE IIB STUDY RVT-203 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOaLB0103) Cohen C.1, Katlama C.2, Murphy R.3, Gathe J.4, Brinson C.5, Richmond G.6, Girard P.-M7, Fessel J.8, Liappis A.9, Puglia E.10, Rodwick B.11, Nadler J.12, O'Brien W.13, Arasteh K.14, Otto M.15, Erickson-Viitanen S.16, Levy R.16 RVT 200 mg is active in ARV-experienced pts and generally well tolerated. Because of the risk of elevated lipase and pancreatitis, RVT should not be used with ddI. Data support continued development of RVT. |
| WeOaLB0201 | VERY SATISFACTORY OUTCOMES CAN BE ACHIEVED IN CHILDREN TREATED WITH HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT UNDER PROGRAM CONDITIONS IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS: THE EXPERIENCE OF MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES! IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOaLB0201) AIDS Working Group A.W.G.1, Epicentre2 This data shows very satisfactory outcomes (comparable to those in developed countries) among children offered HAART under routine program conditions in resource-limited settings. Our findings strongly favour the rapid integration of HAART for children within the scaling-up process in these settings. |
| WeOaLB0202 | DIRECTLY ADMINISTERED ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (DAART) IN CONJUNCTION WITH METHADONE IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED HIV TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN HIV-INFECTED INJECTION DRUG USERS (IDUS) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOaLB0202) Lucas G.M.1, Mullen B.A.1, Weidle P.J.2, Hader S.2, Moore R.D.1 The results of this study strongly suggest that DAART, in the framework of methadone therapy, is associated with clinically-meaningful improvements in treatment outcomes in HIV-infected IDUs. Additional studies of this intervention are indicated. |
| WeOaLB0203 | 48 WEEK VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO A TRIPLE NUCLEOSIDE/NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGUE REGIMEN IN ADULTS WITH HIV INFECTION IN AFRICA WITHIN THE DART TRIAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WeOaLB0203) Kaleebu P.1, DART Trial Team T.2 ZDV+3TC+TDF maintains good virological efficacy from 24 to 48 weeks in advanced disease. In this population infected with HIV-1 subtypes A, C or D, M184V with or without NAMs was the most common route to resistance, whereas K65R was identified infrequently. |
| WePp01 New antiretroviral targets and compounds, mechanisms of drug resistance |
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| WePp0101 | UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF INVARIANT THR80 IN HIV-1 PROTEASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0101) Foulkes J.1, O'Brien S.1, Prabu-Jeyabalan M.1, Osterhout J.J.2, Schiffer C.A.1 Threonine is the optimal amino acid at position 80. While protease can tolerate serine, mutation to valine, asparagine, or alanine significantly alters the function. This study demonstrates the functional relevance of this invariant residue, and the importance of studying other invariant residues in protease. |
| WePp0102 | THE L74V MUTATION IN HIV-1 RT IMPAIRS UNBLOCKING OF ZDV-TERMINATED DNA PRIMERS AND REDUCES SYNTHESIS OF VIRAL DNA IN REAL-TIME PCR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0102) Frankel F., Marchand B., Götte M., Wainberg M.A. Although ATP-mediated excision was compromised in L74V RT, PPi-mediated excision showed differences only at early time points, potentially highlighting the biological significance of ATP vs PPi in excision reactions. Diminished viral replication capacity of L74V may be due to reduced synthesis of (-) ssDNA as well as full-length DNA. |
| WePp0103 | BINDING ENERGETICS ANALYSIS SHOWS A UNIQUE RESPONSE OF TIPRANAVIR TO HIV-1 PROTEASE MUTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG RESISTANCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0103) Muzammil S.1, Kang L.-W.2, Armstrong A.A.2, Jakalian A.3, Bonneau P.R.3, Schmelmer V.4, Amzel L.M.2, Freire E.1 Most inhibitors lose affinity against mutations due to combined enthalpy and entropy loses. Good response to mutations is achieved when enthalpy and entropy changes mutually compensate each other. Inhibitors that respond well usually compensate enthalpic loses with entropic gains. TPV is the first inhibitor that has shown the ability to maintain high inhibitory potency by either gaining or sustaining minimal loses in binding enthalpy. |
| WePp0104 | MULTIVALENT COMPOUNDS FUNCTIONALIZED WITH THE CARBOHYDRATE HEADGROUPS OF IMMUNE CELL-SURFACE GSLS AS INHIBITORS OF HIV-1 INFECTION. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0104) Rosa Borges A.1, Puri A.2, Krebs F.C.3, Wigdahl B.3, Blumenthal R.2, Rawat S.S.2, Johnson B.T.2, Schengrund C.-L.1 The results show that multivalent carbohydrates carrying globotriose or 3'-sialyllactose moieties were effective inhibitors of HIV-1 infection of cells in vitro. More interestingly, inhibition of viral infection by our glycodendrimers suggests there may be a viral tropism dependence for cell-surface carbohydrates. These observations provide a novel approach for the design of new carbohydrate-based antiviral drugs. Based on their water-solubility, low cytotoxicity, and potent inhibition of cellular infection, these glycodendrimers merit consideration as prototypes for use in microbicide development, and possibly novel HIV-1 drug therapy. |
| WePp0105 | CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDY WITH BILR 355 BS, A NOVEL NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR (NNRTI) WITH A BROAD ANTI HIV-1 PROFILE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0105) Coulombe R., Fink D., Landry S., Lessard I.A.D., McCollum R., Naud J., O'Meara J., Simoneau B., Yoakim C., Bonneau P.R. BILR 355 BS achieves a superior antiviral profile against NNRTI-resistant RTs through specific modifications to the core substitution pattern that make additional favorable binding interactions with both mutant and wild-type RTs. BILR 355 BS is currently in clinical trials. |
| WePp0106 | NOVEL COMPOUNDS THAT INHIBIT HIV REPLICATION BY ACTING THROUGH INHIBITION OF HIV REV FUNCTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0106) Rekosh D.1, Ptak R.2, Hammarskjold M.-L.1 These compounds are promising leads as therapeutic candidates that target HIV replication through inhibition of Rev function. |
| WePp02 Planning for Vaccine Efficacy Trials |
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| WePp0201 | COMMUNITY BASED STUDY OF HIV-1 INFECTION AMONG PLANTATION WORKERS IN KERICHO, KENYA IN PREPARATION FOR HIV-1 VACCINE TRIALS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0201) Foglia G.1, Langat L.1, Langat W.1, Kibaya R.1, Kimutai R.1, Kiptoo I.1, Sateren W.2, Bautista C.2, Renzullo P.3, Darden J.3, Wasunna M.4, Michael N.5, Robb M.2, Birx D.5 HIV-1 prevalence is high in this population. Risk factors are those observed in other African populations. Successful HIV-1 vaccine cohort development requires sensitizing the local communities and educating potential volunteers. |
| WePp0202 | FEASIBILITY OF HIV VACCINE EFFICACY TRIALS IN SOUTH AFRICAN ADOLESCENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0202) Jaspan H.B.1, Berwick J.R.1, Mathews C.2, Myer L.3, Flisher A.J.3, Seebregts C.4, Bekker L.-G.1 These data suggest that incidence and sexual risk in this population is high enough to facilitate HIV vaccine efficacy trials. Adolescents in this setting seem willing to participate in HIV vaccine research, but full understanding of trial information will be important. Potential barriers must be overcome. |
| WePp0203 | RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION OF AN HIV DISCORDANT COUPLE COHORT IN KIGALI, RWANDA IN PREPARATION FOR VACCINE EFFICACY TRIALS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0203) Shutes E.1, Karita E.2, Kayitenkore K.2, Ketter N.3, Kambili C.4, Allen S.5, Rwanda/Zambia HIV Research Group P.5 The establishment and retention of a well-defined, high-risk cohort in preparation for vaccine efficacy trials is possible in developing countries. A run-in design, using an existing cohort provides an accurate assessment of HIV incidence and allows the recruitment of volunteers with good follow-up and compliance. Further, the opportunity to determine contraceptive acceptability, an inclusion criteria of vaccine trials, is critical in countries like Rwanda, where up to 75% of eligible women are pregnant or breastfeeding. The limiting factor to the development of such cohorts is the commitment of funding. |
| WePp0204 | PREPARATION FOR VACCINE EFFICACY TRIALS: BASELINE PREVALENCE, ESTIMATES OF INCIDENCE AND DEMOGRAPHIC RISK FACTORS IN POPULATIONS WILLING TO RECEIVE VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING AND PARTICIPATE IN RESEARCH IN UGANDA AND KENYA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0204) Ketter N.1, Kamali A.2, Sanders E.3, Katende M.4, Anzala O.5, Von Lieven A.6, Price M.1, Stevens G.7, Stoll L.1, Gilmour J.8, Thomson H.6, Kambili C.6, Fast P.8 Conduct of this prevalence study has prepared the community for research and VCT in addition to providing some baseline demographic and risk data that will allow for the selection of subgroups of potential volunteers at higher risk for HIV vaccine efficacy trials and strengthen referral networks for prevention and care. |
| WePp0205 | SCREENING AND ENROLLMENT IN TWO COHORT STUDIES WITH DIFFERENT PROCEDURES AND BENEFITS IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0205) Ntamwemezi J.-B. The enrollment rate for the two studies was similar, indicating that the different benefits and procedures associated with each study did not significantly affect couples’ decisions to participate. While a broad range of outpatient services is appreciated as a benefit for HT participants, it is costly in personnel time and medication. A higher per visit reimbursement with health care limited to reproductive health resulted in similar enrollment rates. |
| WePp0206 | A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO ESTIMATE HIV INCIDENCE, RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION AMONG POTENTIAL VOLUNTEERS FOR AN HIV EFFICACY TRIAL IN RURAL UGANDA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0206) Bwanika A.1, Ruzagira E.1, Nambowa R.1, Kamali A.1, Ketter N.2, Grosskurth H.1 The high enrollment and good follow up rates, which are necessary for future HIV vaccine efficacy trials are very encouraging. This general population study contains a significant proportion of persons at risk for HIV infection. |
| WePp03 Tuberculosis and other opportunistic infections |
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| WePp0301 | TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS IN PATIENTS WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION IN ARGENTINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0301) Cecchini D., Ambrosioni Czyrko J., Brezzo C., Corti M., Perez M., Ambroggi M. Meningeal involvement due to MR-TB was very frequent in our study, with a higher mortality rate. An important percentage of patients had normal CSF protein levels (34%) and cell counts (20%), what could be related to the very low CD4 T-cell count found in our population. |
| WePp0302 | MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE: AN OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION IN HIV/AIDS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0302) Bartholomew C.1, Suite M.2, Edwards J.3, Boyce G.3, Valdez S.3 The average incubation period of Hansen's disease is probably about 4 years for tuberculoid leprosy and twice that for lepromatous leprosy. Latent and subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae may be expressed clinically by superinfection with HIV. There are also a few case reports in the literature suggesting the presentation of leprosy from immune reconstitution after therapy with HAART. |
| WePp0303 | TB/HIV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS ON RIFAMPICIN CONTAINING TREATMENT HAVE EQUIVALENT ART TREATMENT OUTCOMES, AND CONCURRENT USE OF NEVIRAPINE IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED HEPATOTOXICITY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0303) Van Cutsem G.1, Cohen K.2, Bedelu M.1, Sarunchuk P.1, Hilderbrand K.1, Coetzee D.3, Boulle A.3 Although there are many studies reporting high rates of tuberculosis immune reconstitution syndrome, concurrent tuberculosis treatment in this cohort has not to date been associated with inferior clinical outcomes when looking at survival, and virological and immunological outcomes. There is ongoing concern about the concurrent use of rifampicin and nevirapine in terms of hepatotoxicity. The lack of an association between the concurrent use of these drugs and increases in ALT in this observational study are encouraging should pharmacokinetic studies (ongoing) endorse their use together. |
| WePp0304 | EARLY HEPATITIS C VIRAL KINETICS PREDICTION OF SVR IN HIV/HCV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS TREATED WITH PEGYLATED INTERFERON ALFA-2B (PEG-LFN) AND RIBAVIRIN (RBV) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0304) Neumann A., Wu L., McLaughlin M., Koratich C., Rehm C., Masur H., Kottilil S., Polis M. SVR in HIV/HCV co-infected patients treated with Peg-IFN alfa-2b and RBV in this study can be accurately predicted at 4 weeks, or even as early as 3 days, of treatment. With the limitation of comparison across studies, HCV kinetics among HIV co-infected patients seem to be predominantly influenced by race and HCV genotype. |
| WePp0305 | THE HEPADOSE STUDY: EVALUATION OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS AND NON NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGUE PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS IN HIV/HCV AND HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0305) Dominguez S.1, Peytavin G.2, Guiguet M.1, Calvez V.1, Costagliola D.1, Bricaire F.1, Poynard T.1, Katlama C.1, Benhamou Y.1 In HIV/HCV patients Cmin did not change significantly for PI except for lopinavir, but NNRTI were strongly overdosed in HIV-HCV pts suggesting the need of drug monitoring in this population. |
| WePp0306 | IMMUNOLOGICAL STATUS AND PROGNOSIS OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePp0306) Scano F.1, Toskin I.1, Nunn P.1 One decade ago it was thought that tuberculosis occurred across a wide range of CD4 cell counts (Lancet. 1993 Jul 17;342(8864):143-6 and Lancet. 1995 Mar 11;345(8950):607-10); however, our results, based on prognostic significance and CD4 counts, show that all TB, irrespective of diagnoses, should be considered as advanced/late HIV-opportunistic infection. We hypothesize that maturing of the HIV epidemic results in a stronger epidemiological and immunological link between TB and HIV, explaining the difference between observations made ten years ago and data collected more recently. This is also supported by modelling studies that indicate that there is a temporal gap of 6 years between the surging of the HIV epidemic and its impact on the TB burden. |
| POSTER EXHIBITS | |
| WePe3.2C Pharmacological monitoring of ARV therapy |
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| WePe3.2C01 | THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING (TDM) FOR NEVIRAPINE (NVP) IN A ONCE DOSING REGIMEN (OD) IN HIV PATIENTS WHO HAD INTERRUPTED ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (TARV): 48 WEEKS OF FOLLOW UP IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C01) Martinelli C., Fiorelli C., Giuntini R., Leoncini F. PK results show that NVP 400 mg OD is safe and effective, as also demonstrated by immuno-virological outcomes. OD administration increases adherence and improves patients' quality of life. |
| WePe3.2C02 | PHARMACODYNAMICS OF LOPINAVIR IN A COHORT OF 84 HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C02) Wateba M.1, Billaud E.1, Dailly E.2, Raffi F.1 In this retrospective study, patients with a low LPV Ct within 10 days after initiation were more likely to have a virological failure at month 3. Considering the small number of patients it is not possible to find a risk factor for low LPV Ct. Larger prospective studies are needed to address this issue. |
| WePe3.2C03 | CONCENTRATIONS OF ENFUVIRTIDE DO NOT CORRELATE WITH CONCENTRATIONS OF CONCOMITANT PROTEASE INHIBITORS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C03) Stocker H.1, Breske A.2, Kruse G.2, Schulbin H.1, Kreckel P.1, Weber C.1, Goebel F.3, Roeling J.3, Staszewski S.4, Plettenberg A.5, Moecklinghoff C.6, Arastéh K.1, Kurowski M.2 The lack of correlation between ENF and PI concentrations indicates that complete non adherence involving both enfuvirtide and the concomitant PI is not the cause of low ENF concentrations. |
| WePe3.2C04 | INTRACELLULAR CONCENTRATIONS OF 3TC-TRIPHOSPHATE, CARBOVIR-TRIPHOSPHATE AND TENOFOVIR-DIPHOSPHATE REMAIN STABLE THROUGHOUT 36 WEEKS OF NRTI TREATMENT INTERRUPTED BY NRTI FREE TREATMENT PERIODS IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIRESISTANT HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C04) Stocker H.1, Kruse G.2, Weber C.1, Breske A.2, Kreckel P.1, Walter H.3, Sopper S.4, Kurowski M.2, Arastéh K.1 Intracellular concentrations of phosphorylated NRTI remain stable throughout prolonged NRTI treatment. After intercurrent interruptions of NRTI treatment concentrations promptly return to pre-interruption values. In patients with multiresistant HIV the intracellular drug levels do not have a significant impact on virus load. |
| WePe3.2C05 | IMMUNOLOGIC AND VIROLOGIC RESPONSES WITH COMBINATION DIDANOSINE/TENOFOVIR COMPARED TO OTHER NUCLEOSIDE REGIMENS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C05) Furtek K.1, Crum N.F.2, Powell T.1, Hale B.2, Bavaro M.2, Truett A.2, Wallace M.R.2 Combination ddI/TDF produced similar immunologic response rates, but less VL reduction than 3TC/FTC+TDF among treatment-experienced patients. Though this combination may not be an optimal backbone, it may be a viable backbone in highly experienced patients. |
| WePe3.2C06 | THE IMPACT OF CO-INFECTION WITH HEPATITIS C OR HEPATITIS B ON LOPINAVIR PHARMACOKINETICS IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C06) Dickinson L.1, Micheli V.2, Meraviglia P.2, Tjia J.1, Almond L.1, Regazzi M.3, Back D.1, Cargnel A.2 In the cohort of patients studied, LPV total and unbound PK was not affected by hepatic impairment. Given the small number of cirrhotic patients, further studies are warranted to characterise LPV PK in this group. |
| WePe3.2C07 | EFFECT ON ATAZANAVIR (ATZ) AND RITONAVIR (RTV) PLASMA LEVELS OF INCREASING ATZ/RTV DAILY DOSING FROM 300/100 MG TO 300/200 MG AND 400/200 MG IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C07) Harris M., Alexander C., Joy R., Guillemi S., Phillips E., Langridge S., Harrigan R., Montaner J. A subset of patients with suboptimal ATZ levels on ATZ/rtv 300/100mg daily will experience improved ATZ levels when rtv alone is increased to 200mg daily. However, increasing both ATZ and rtv to 400/200mg daily may more reliably increase ATZ levels without increasing cost (compared to 300/200mg daily). The effect of this dose increase on ATZ-related toxicity remains to be determined. |
| WePe3.2C08 | SAFETY OF LOPINAVIR PHARMAKOKINETICS IN COMBINATION WITH EFAVIRENZ OR NEVIRAPINE IN A NUKE-FREE REGIMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C08) Langmann P.1, Trein A.2, Zilly M.1, Klinker H.1, Schnaitmann E.2 Pharmacokinetics of LPV in a nuke free treatment regimen consisting of NVP or EFV required dose adjustment of LPV to 533/133mg bid. Trough plasma levels of LPV and the coadministered NNRTI were save over 36 weeks. |
| WePe3.2C09 | THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING OF LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) CONTAINING REGIMEN IN PREGNANT HIV-INFECTED WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C09) Cassard B., Rouault A., Damond F., Pattyn A., Batallan A., Legac S., Peytavin G., Matheron S. This study confirms the suboptimal LPV Cmin during pregnancy. Therapeutic drug monitoring could be useful to optimise efficacy of LPV/r containing regimen. |
| WePe3.2C10 | DUAL BOOSTED ATAZANAVIR/LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR CONTAINING REGIMEN IN HIV-1 INFECTED PRETREATED PATIENTS : PLASMA TROUGH CONCENTRATION AND EFFICACY RESULTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C10) Duvivier C.1, Peytavin G.2, Ait-Mohand H.1, Wirden M.3, Ktorza N.4, Agher R.4, Calvez V.3, Katlama C.1 These results showed no detrimental pharmacological interaction between ATV and r/LPV. This dual PI appears an effective and safe therapy. |
| WePe3.2C11 | EFAVIRENZ PLASMA CONCENTRATION IS PREDICTIVE OF VIROLOGIC SUCCESS IN A COHORT OF HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS TREATED IN LIBREVILLE, GABON. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C11) Clevenbergh P.1, Okome-Nkoumou M.2, Descamps D.3, Obiang Ndong G.P.2, Okome-Miame F.2, Kouna P.2, Boukobza S.4, Peytavin G.4 In this cohort of Black African pts, CEFV were within the expected therapeutic ranges compared to historical data obtained in White Caucasian pts. A strong correlation between a single time point CEFV and pVL was found. |
| WePe3.2C12 | PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF EFAVIRENZ (EFV) IN PREGNANT HIV-INFECTED WOMEN TREATED WITH EFV CONTAINING REGIMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C12) Cassard B., Rouault A., Damond F., Pattyn A., Batallan A., Legac S., Peytavin G., Matheron S. In our study, 75% of EFV Cmin were in the therapeutic range suggesting minor or no PK modifications of EFV during pregnancy. Even if EFV containing regimens are not recommended during pregnancy, the safety and the antiretroviral efficacy were good during pregnancy and at delivery in mothers and newborns. |
| WePe3.2C13 | VARIABILITY OF ATAZANAVIR PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS: RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE FRENCH COHORT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.2C13) Guiard-Schmid J.-B.1, Poirier J.-M.2, Bonnard P.1, Meynard J.-L.3, Lukiana T.1, Slama L.1, Rozenbaum W.1, Jaillon P.2, Pialoux G.1 Correlation between plasma concentration and virological efficacy of ATV is not clarified yet. But marked inter and intraindividual ATV Cmin variability should lead to individual therapeutic drug monitoring assessment. If NNRTI is combined with ATV, only RTV boosted 400/100 mg ATV regimen can overcome NNRTI's inducer effect. |
| WePe3.3 Drug interactions |
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| WePe3.3C01 | COMPARING TWO DOSAGES OF DDI-EC, 250MG VS. 400MG, COMBINED WITH TENOFOVIR-DF FOR BOTH PROTEASE INHIBITOR AND NNRTI BASED HAART IN TREATMENT EXPERIENCED HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C01) Berger D., Hargan R.T., Zalski A., Staszkow K., Thomas T., Wilson J., Delaney K. In treatment experienced patients, combination ddI-EC + TDF demonstrated significant viral RNA decrease. However, CD4 response in NNRTI treated pts appeared blunted. More robust CD4 response and HIV-RNA suppression occurred in the PI-based LDR. ddI-EC + TDF in NNRTI based regimens appear less effective and warrant further study. |
| WePe3.3C02 | INCREASING NEVIRAPINE DOSE CAN OVERCOME REDUCED BIOAVAILABILITY DUE TO RIFAMPICIN CO-ADMINISTRATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C02) Ramachandran G.1, Hemanth Kumar A.K.1, Rajasekaran S.2, Padmapriyadarsini C.1, Narendran G.1, Sukumar B.1, Swaminathan S.1 Rifampicin significantly reduced the bioavailability of NVP, and the Cmin to sub-therapeutic levels in a high proportion (62%) of patients. This could be overcome by increasing the dose of NVP from 200 mg to 300 mg b.i.d., without any short term adverse events. However, this needs to be confirmed on a larger sample size. |
| WePe3.3C03 | SAFETY, EFFICACY AND PHARMACOKINETICS OF RITONAVIR 400 MG - SAQUINAVIR 400 MG AND RIFAMPICIN COMBINED THERAPY IN HIV NAïVE PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C03) Cavalcanti Rolla V.1, da Silva Vieira M.A.2, Ferreira Filho M.1, da Silva de Jesus C.3, da Silva Lourenço M.C.1, Gonçalves Morgado M.3, Pereira Pinto D.1, Werneck-Barroso E.1 Although therapeutic levels of the studied drugs were achieved and VL reduced we do not recommend this regimen for naïve patients because AE are the major cause of treatment abandon. |
| WePe3.3C04 | EVALUATION OF CONCOMITANT USE OF PROTEASE INHIBITOR (PI)-ATAZANAVIR (ATV) WITH PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR (PPI) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C04) Chang J., Towner W., Kerrigan H.L., Wang L. Most patients on ATV and PPI evaluated did not experience a NTO. Also, four sample trough levels did not suggest sub-therapeutic levels. More clinical research is needed to address the correlation between clinical outcome and ATV plasma concentration, when combined with a PPI. |
| WePe3.3C05 | IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY AND METABOLIC INTERACTIONS OF TENOFOVIR AND EMTRICITABINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C05) Myrick F.1, Vela J.E.2, Ray A.S.2, Borroto-Esoda K.1, Miller M.D.2 The combination of tenofovir and emtricitabine produced synergistic anti-HIV activity in vitro and this activity correlated with increased levels of intracellular phosphorylation observed for the drugs in combination. These results support the use of these drugs as a dual NRTI backbone in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV. |
| WePe3.3C06 | IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF AZT IN COMBINATION WITH TWO ANTIOXIDANTS AND A NF-KB INHIBITOR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C06) Riva D.A.1, Fernández Larrosa P.N.2, Martínez Peralta L.2, Coulombié F.C.1, Mersich S.E.1 Increased cytotoxicity of AZT plus BHA could be related to a higher permeability to AZT, thus, increase of p24 (p<0.05), would be the result of an increase in cell death. Although Sul plus AZT was cytotoxic to H9+ cells, p24 production was significantly reduced (p<0.05) as compared to individual drugs, suggesting that the relationship between virus expression and NF-kB activity could be a clue in this reduction. Thus, combination of AZT with BHA or Sul might represent two different ways to modulate infection in chronically infected cells. |
| WePe3.3C07 | PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION BETWEEN TENOFOVIR AND ATAZANAVIR IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C07) Agarwala S., Eley T., Child M., Wang Y., Hughes E., Grasela D. Neither of the dosing regimens employed in this study provided comparable exposures of either ATV or TDF, relative to either ATV 400 mg QD or TDF 300 mg QD. |
| WePe3.3C08 | PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION BETWEEN ATAZANAVIR AND OMEPRAZOLE IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C08) Agarwala S., Gray K., Eley T., Wang Y., Hughes E., Grasela D. PPIs should not be used with ATV for the regimens studied. The 43% increase in OMP AUC by ATV does not suggest clinically significant CYP2C19 inhibition by ATV, since the AUC of OMP in CYP2C19 poor metabolizers is increased by approximately 5-fold. |
| WePe3.3C09 | MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN-2 (MRP2) INHIBITION BY RITONAVIR INCREASES TENOFOVIR-ASSOCIATED RENAL EPITHELIAL CELL CYTOTOXICITY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C09) Louie S., Lam J., Neely M., Beringer P. In the presence of TFV, inhibition of MRP2 inversely correlates with MDCK proliferation. However, MDCK-MRP2 cells are resistant to TFV even at the highest concentrations, suggesting that overexpression of MRP2 may prevent accumulation of TFV. This study suggests the role of MRP2 inhibition in TFV-associated. |
| WePe3.3C10 | METHADONE DOSING STRATEGIES WHEN STARTING OR CHANGING HAART REGIMENS IN HIV-INFECTED INJECTION DRUG USERS (IDUS) ENROLLED IN A DIRECTLY OBSERVED THERAPY (DOT) PROGRAM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C10) Tossonian H.1, Raffa J.1, Grebely J.1, Trotter B.1, Tyndall M.2, Fraser C.3, DeVlaming S.4, Conway B.1 Pharmacokinetic data suggest that ATV and Kaletra® do not effect serum methadone levels, while NVP would lead to their significant reduction. Our clinical data support these observations and would help guide the selection of HAART in patients for whom methadone dose adjustments are problematic or provide guidelines for such dose adjustments when NVP-based therapy is initiated. Data on efavirenz-based therapy will soon to be generated in our center to provide additional guidelines in this regard. |
| WePe3.3C11 | INTERACTION BETWEEN ATAZANAVIR AND FOSAMPRENAVIR IN THE TREATMENT OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C11) Khanlou H., Bhatti L., Farthing C. These results appear to indicate that a combination of atazanavir 150 or 200 mg BID and fos-amprenavir 700 mg BID with low dose RTV could offer adequate TCs for both drugs. |
| WePe3.3C12 | ANALYSIS OF TENOFOVIR - DIDANOSINE CONTAINING REGIMENS IN ANTI-RETROVIRAL NAÏVE AND EXPERIENCED PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C12) Khanlou H., Farthing C. The regimens containing TDF+ddI+EFV or NVP appear to be inferior to other standard regimens with the paradoxical CD4 decline. However, There was no CD4-blunting effect with boosted PIs. The use of TDF+ddI together, should be avoided, particularly with a NNRTIs based-regimen. |
| WePe3.3C13 | PHARMACOKINETICS OF TMC114: EFFECT OF OMEPRAZOLE AND RANITIDINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C13) Sekar V.1, Hoetelmans R.2, De Marez T.1, De Pauw M.2, Vangeneugden T.2, Godderis F.2, Parys W.1, Lefebvre E.1 The combination of 20 mg omeprazole q.d. or 150 mg ranitidine b.i.d. with TMC114/RTV did not affect the pharmacokinetics of TMC114. The combination of omeprazole or ranitidine and TMC114/RTV was generally safe and well tolerated. No dose adjustments are necessary when TMC114 is combined with low-dose RTV and omeprazole or ranitidine. |
| WePe3.3C14 | DYNAMICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR CD4±T CELL DECLINE DURING THE CO-ADMINISTRATION OF TENOFOVIR AND DDI-HIGH DOSE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C14) Lacombe K.1, Pacanowski J.2, Meynard J.-L.2, Trylesinski A.3, Girard P.-M.2 These results emphazise the need for a close surveillance of CD4+-T cells count and renal function, as well as a decrease in ddI dosage, during the co-prescription of ddI and tenofovir. |
| WePe3.3C15 | PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION BETWEEN THE NOVEL NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR (NNRTI) TMC278 AND TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE (TDF) IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C15) Hoetelmans R., Kestens D., Stevens M., Peeters M., Williams P., Bastiaanse L., Buffels R., Woodfall B. The interaction study between TMC278 and TDF showed that the pharmacokinetics of TMC278 are not affected when combined with TDF. Exposure to tenofovir was statistically significantly increased by 24% when combined with TMC278. This interaction is not clinically relevant. The combination of TMC278 and TDF was generally safe and well tolerated. No dose adjustments are necessary when TMC278 and TDF are combined. TMC278 is currently being studied in Phase IIb with TDF and other NRTIs. |
| WePe3.3C16 | NO SIGNIFICANT INTERACTION BETWEEN TMC125 AND DIDANOSINE (DDI) IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C16) Scholler M., Hoetelmans R., Bollen S., Vandermeulen K., Peeters M., Bastiaanse L., Debroye C., Woodfall B. No clinically relevant interaction was observed between TMC125 800 mg b.i.d. and ddI 400 mg q.d. in healthy volunteers. The combination of TMC125 and ddI was generally safe and well tolerated. No dose adjustments are necessary when TMC125 and ddI are combined. |
| WePe3.3C17 | DIFFERENTIAL ANTI-VIRAL EFFECT OF PEG-IFN ON HIV AND HCV IN TREATMENT OF HIV/HCV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C17) Neumann A.1, Wu L.2, McLaughlin M.2, Koratich C.2, Rehm C.2, Masur H.3, Kottilil S.2, Polis M.2 These novel results indicate that IFN suppresses HIV by blocking de novo infection effectively, rather than blocking production as seen with HCV. In vitro studies are currently conducted to corroborate these results experimentally. |
| WePe3.3C18 | NON SIGNIFICANT DRUG INTERACTION BETWEEN ATAZANAVIR AND PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS IN RITONAVIR BOOSTED REGIMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe3.3C18) Guiard-Schmid J.-B.1, Bonnard P.1, Poirier J.-M.2, Slama L.1, Lukiana T.1, Meynard J.-L.3, Rozenbaum W.1, Jaillon P.2, Pialoux G.1 ATV Cmin are dramatically reduced by co-administration of PPI when ATV (400mg) is not boosted with ritonavir. This reduction can lead to undetectable ATV concentrations (2/4 patients). However, we do not experienced significant reduction of ATV concentrations in boosted ATV regimen (300/100mg). If reduced plasma concentrations of ATV are expected when ATV is given alone with PPI, ritonavir boosted regimen may overcome the drug interaction between ATV and PPI. |
| WePe3.3C19 | NO EVIDENCE OF DECREASE IN CD4 CELL COUNT WHEN TENOFOVIR IS COMBINED WITH AN ADJUSTED DOSE OF DIDANOSINE IN EXPERIENCED PATIENTS TREATED WITH DIFFERENT HAART REGIMENS Nasta P., Matti A., Paraninfo G., Gatti F., Carosi G. Based on our data to switch to a Tenofovir plus a weight didanosine adjusted dose containing regimen does not lead a decrease in CD4-cell-count,maintaining the viral-control in HAART experienced patients. |
| WePe4.1 Resistance surveillance |
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| WePe4.1C01 | CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTATIONS IN HIV TYPE 1 ISOLATES FROM 135 CAMBODIAN PREGNANT WOMEN AND RECENTLY INFECTED PATIENTS, NAÏVE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C01) Ly N.1, Recordon-Pinson P.2, Phoung V.3, Kruy Leang S.4, Koum K.5, Chhum V.6, Glaziou P.1, Fleury H.2, Reynes J.M.1 This is the first study on HIV-1 drug resistance in ARV naïve patients of Cambodia. Within a predominant of CRF01_AE, the prevalence of viral strains bearing drug resistance mutations seems to be low. Extension of available ARV treatments will require follow up studies in the next future. |
| WePe4.1C02 | UPDATE ON PRIMARY HIV-1 RESISTANCE IN ARGENTINA: THE FIRST REPORT OF MUTATIONS CONFERRING HIGH-LEVEL RESISTANCE TO NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NNRTIS) IN DRUG-naïve PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C02) Petroni A.1, Deluchi G.1, Bortolozzi R.2, Garone D.3, Lopardo G.4, Pryluka D.5, Rodriguez C.6, Calanni L.7, Lazaro M.8, Maranzana A.9, Puga L.1, Benetucci J.1 This is the first report of K103N in primary infections from Argentina, suggesting that the rates of primary resistance to NNRTIs may be higher than those supposed. |
| WePe4.1C03 | CHARACTERISTICS OF HIV-1 GENOTYPING TEST AFTER FAILURE WITH HIGH STRENGH SCHEME WITH NELFINAVIR AS FIRST PROTEASE INHIBITOR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C03) Tupinambás U., Aleixo A., Greco D. These data are in accordance with the data already published in the literature, showing that the sequence therapy after failure with nelfinavir may be more change of successful as D30N mutation does not present cross-resistance with other protease inhibitors. |
| WePe4.1C04 | POL GENE MUTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG RESISTANCE IN ANTIRETROVIRAL-NAÏVE PATIENTS OF NORTH INDIA WITH HIV INFECTION. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C04) Sachdeva N., Arora S., Datta U., Sehgal S. The data indicates high prevalence of codon - 70 and codon - 184 mutant variants coexisting with the wild type of virus in the HIV - infected patients in this region with an increase in the transmissionof mutant variants more recently. |
| WePe4.1C05 | LOW PREVALENCE OF GENOTYPIC DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS AMONG ANTIRETROVIRAL-NAÏVE HIV-1 PATIENTS IN MALAYSIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C05) Tee K.K., Kamarulzaman A., Ng K.P. Baseline prevalence of major mutations associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs was low among antiretroviral-naïve HIV-1 patients in Kuala Lumpur. As Malaysia begins to introduce large scale access to antiretrovirals, ongoing surveillance for HIV drug resistance in patients beginning initial antiretroviral will be important in monitoring treatment programs. |
| WePe4.1C06 | PREVALENCE AND PATTERN OF DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS AMONG ANTIRETROVIRAL-TREATED HIV-1 PATIENTS WITH DETECTABLE VIRAL LOAD IN MALAYSIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C06) Tee K.K., Kamarulzaman A., Ng K.P. The prevalence of major drug resistance mutations among ARV-treated patients with detectable VL is high in Kuala Lumpur. Genotypic drug resistance testing is therefore important for patients experiencing ARV regimen failure. |
| WePe4.1C07 | RESISTANCE MUTATIONS BEFORE AND AFTER TENOFOVIR REGIMEN FAILURE IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C07) Wirden M., Marcelin A.-G., Simon A., Kirstetter M., Tubiana R., Valantin M.-A., Paris L., Bonmarchand M., Katlama C., Calvez V. TDF-regimen failure is associated with a strong selection of K65R in absence of TAMs at baseline and with regimens only based on TDF/NRTIs. No obvious impact was shown on TAMs or other NRTI mutations, although a trend towards emergence of L74V, V75I, V118I, Y115F and K219Q/E/N mutations was observed. |
| WePe4.1C08 | ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED AT THE TIME OF PRIMARY INFECTION EVERY YEAR IN FRANCE USING A CAPTURE-RECAPTURE APPROACH. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C08) Lievre L.1, Deveau C.2, Gerbe J.3, Enel P.4, Tran L.2, Costagliola D.1, Meyer L.2 The number of patients diagnosed at the TPI per year represents only 5% of the estimated number of new diagnosis of HIV infection in France (about 6000 cases per year), and only 8% of the estimated number of new infections (about 4000 cases per year). This must be kept in mind when trying to assess trends in transmitted drug-resistance by using data from patients diagnosed during primary infection. |
| WePe4.1C09 | TRANSMISSION AND PERSISTENCE OF MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE STRAINS IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED HIV-1 PATIENTS INFECTED WITH DIFFERENT GENETIC FORMS IN GALICIA, SPAIN. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C09) Muñoz M.1, Perez-Alvarez L.1, Carmona R.1, Sierra M.1, Casado G.1, Delgado E.1, Vazquez de Parga E.1, Vega Y.1, Miralles C.2, Thomson M.1, Contreras G.1, Medrano L.1, Taboada J.A.3, Nájera R.1 A high frequency of non-B genetic forms(24.3%) were detected among the newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients in Galicia. The presence and the persistence of RT and PR mutations associated with high level of resistance to different class of drugs, support the importance of resistance testing for guidance of the first line therapy. |
| WePe4.1C10 | TRENDS IN TRANSMITTED GENOTYPIC ANTIRETROVIRAL RESISTANCE IN PRIMARY VERSUS LONGSTANDING HIV INFECTION IN A UK COHORT. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C10) Pao D.1, Aderogba K.1, Dean G.1, Cane P.2, Smit E.3, Kellar I.4, Pillay D.5, Fisher M.1 TAR remains of significant clinical importance despite high levels of effective viral suppression. We demonstrate that rates remain stable and furthermore are comparable in individuals diagnosed at non-PHI as well as PHI. All new HIV diagnoses should have baseline resistance testing performed irrespective of time since infection. |
| WePe4.1C11 | PRIMARY HIV-1 RESISTANCE IN RECENTLY AND CHRONICALLY INFECTED INDIVIDUALS IN NAÏVE SUBJECT FROM 1999-2004 IN LIGURIA, ITALY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C11) Icardi G.1, Ventura A.1, Setti M.2, Bruzzone B.1, Nigro N.1, Frabetti M.1, Villa R.2, Ansaldi F.1 The presence of M184V in the first group is particularly surprising as it is known to significantly affect viral fitness. On the whole, however the prevalence of mutations in naïve subjects kept above the limit recognized by the international guide lines for resistance testing recommendations. |
| WePe4.1C12 | PRIMARY ANTIRETROVIRAL RESISTANCE AND MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF HIV-1 IN ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY PATIENTS ENROLLED INTO THE NIGERIAN NATIONAL ART PROGRAMME IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C12) Agwale S.1, Tanimoto L.2, Womack C.3, Njoku M.1, Sawa M.1, Audu I.1, Odama L.4, Busu S.4, Graham B.3, Ziermann R.2 Results confirms the complexity HIV-1 molecular diversity and the emergence of drug resistance HIV in Nigeria and provides baseline data for resistance monitoring and ARV use in a pre-therapeutic context in non-B HIV-1 subtypes. The data is timely and could guide the massive treatment plan underway in Nigeria and also in the development of a more robust treatment guidelines and assessment of efficacy. |
| WePe4.1C13 | THE IDU-A HIV-1 VARIANTS HARBOURING BOTH V77I PROTEASE AND A62V RT MUTATIONS ARE SPREADING RAPIDLY WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF RUSSIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C13) Sukhanova A.L.1, Bogoslovskaia E.V.1, Roudinskii N.I.2, Shipulin G.A.1, Mikhailovich V.M.2, Pokrovsky V.V.1, Bobkov A.F.3 Our data demonstrate low level of transmitted drug resistance in Russia, but growing incidence of associated V77I protease and A62V RT polymorphisms, although the last one had never been found previously among untreated patients. Monitoring of HIV-1 drug resistance in Russia is thus of great importance. |
| WePe4.1C14 | PREVALENCE OF DRUG-RESISTANCE ASSOCIATED MUTATIONS AMONG NEWLY DIAGNOSED HIV-1 INFECTED INDIVIDUALS AT TWO VOLUNTARY TESTING CENTERS IN THE CITY OF BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C14) Dilernia D.A.1, Lourtau L.2, Marone R.3, Carobene M.1, Pampuro S.1, Ebensrtejin J.2, Losso M.2, Salomón H.1 We found an unexpected high prevalence of resistance mutations (7.8%) in recently diagnosed individuals wich suggest an increase over the last years in Argentina when compared with our previous study (Kijak et al 2001). This data alerts us about the increasing prevalence of resistant variants circulating in our population and shows the necessity of developing greater scale studies for drug resistance survaillance in our region. |
| WePe4.1C15 | BASELINE HIV-1 DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN SEROPOSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN IN YAOUNDÉ-CAMEROON. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C15) Vessière A.1, Nerrienet E.1, Menu E.2, Kfutwah A.1, Tejiokem M.3, Pinson-Recordon P.4, Fleury H.4, Ayouba A.1, and the FSP/ARV teams of the Pasteur network supported by the French Ministry of Foreigns Affairs Genetic diversity and scarcity of major drug resistance mutations in PR/RT genes characterized our data. Polymorphisms in the PR at positions associated with drug resistance in HIV-1/B emphasize the need for genotypic drug resistance interpretation's algorithms adapted to non-subtype-B HIV-1. |
| WePe4.1C16 | ASSESSING HIV-1 DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS AND VIRAL POLYMORPHISM IN DRUG-NAÏVE INJECTION DRUG USERS OF RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL, IN PRE AND POST-HAART ERAS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C16) Teixeira S.L.M.1, Bastos F.I.2, Hacker M.A.2, Guimarães M.L.1, Morgado M.G.1 The identification of 7.9% of drug-naïve IDUs already bearing RT/PR primary resistance mutations in the post-HAART era group constitutes a major concern in terms of dissemination of drug resistant viruses. The resistance mutations profile of the IDUs may reflect the context of antiretroviral treatment in Brazil at the sample collection periods (1994-1997 and 1999-2001). The distribution of HIV subtypes followed a similar pattern between the two IDU groups, although with a suggestive reduction in the frequency of subtype F samples. |
| WePe4.1C17 | HIV-1 MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF POL REGION FROM SEROPOSITIVE USERS OF A VCT AT THE SOUTH OF BRAZIL. RCP STUDY: PRELIMINARY DATA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C17) Stella I.M.1, Rodrigues R.2, Scherer L.3, Franco H.M.2, Castro S.3, Sperhacke R.D.4, Brigido L.F.5 This low prevalence of ARV resistance is consistent with previous studies at the site, but the frequency of HIV-1 C is greater then of studies in the region and warrants close monitoring. |
| WePe4.1C18 | PERSISTENCE OF TRANSMITTED T215 REVERTANT MUTATIONS IN ACUTE PRIMARY HIV-1 INFECTION. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C18) Ammaranond P.1, Leas L.2, Cunningham P.2, Grey P.1, Ramacciotti T.1, Finlayson R.3, Suzuki K.2, Cooper D.1, Kaldor J.1, Kelleher A. on behalf of the PHAEDRA Steering committee1 T215 revertant mutants persisted for at least 2 years with 0/7 developing T215Y/F in the presence of HAART suggesting that these mutants are stable in the presence of low viral turnover. The persistence of drug-resistance reversion variants has significant implications for the ongoing treatment of HIV-infected patients. |
| WePe4.1C20 | DISTRIBUTION OF HIV-1 SUBTYPES AND PREVALENCE OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE IN TREATMENT NAÏVE PATIENTS IN GONDAR, ETHIOPIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C20) Kassu A.1, Fujino M.2, Matsuda M.2, Nishizawa M.2, Sugiura W.2, Ota F.1 Our study demonstrated that subtype C is the major subtype in Northwest-Ethiopia followed by subtypes A and D. It also revealed the presence of drug resistance related mutations and polymorphisms in the HIV-1 isolates from antiretroviral treatment-naïve individuals. These warrant the need for routine monitoring of drug resistance mutations in the circulating viruses since such mutations could lead to rapid treatment failure and development of drug-resistant HIV-1 in individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy. |
| WePe4.1C21 | DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH RESISTANCE TO NNRTIS DURING THERAPY WITH 2 NRTIS IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C21) Machado E.S.1, Afonso A.O.2, Lambert J.S.3, Cunha S.M.4, Oliveria R.H.4, Sill A.M.3, Soares M.A.2 NNRTIs primary resistance mutations occurred in 3.7% of children on treatment with 2 NRTIs. Also, these results suggest that transmission of a minority HIV-1 resistant strain can occur with a frequency as low as 4%. These may compromise treatment in newly-infected infants and raise an important concern in the primary resistance in pediatric settings. |
| WePe4.1C22 | A SCORE TO EVALUATE PROTEASE AND REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMORPHISMS RELATED TO TRANSMITTED RESISTANCE IN MEXICAN POPULATION. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C22) Fuentes-Romero L.L., Rodríguez-Díaz R.A., Zurita Macías-Valadez L.C., Viveros-Rogel M., Villagrán-Villegas V.L., Soto-Ramírez L.E. A score based on the frequency in treated patients/ frequency in untreated individuals is useful to separate polymorphisms in the RT but not in the protease. This score can be useful to determine significant resistance transmitted mutations. |
| WePe4.1C23 | EARLY DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION OF MIXED POPULATIONS OF DRUG RESISTANT HIV BY A NOVEL MUTIPLEX RT-PCR PLATFORM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C23) Schinazi R.F.1, Moser M.J.2, Swearingen A.J.2, Ruckstuhl M.1, Kozlowski M.1, Bassit L.1, Prudent J.R.2 MultiCode RTx could be applied to other drug selected HIV-mutations in the viral genome or for other applications where single base changes in DNA or RNA occur at frequencies reaching 0.01% to 1% respectively. |
| WePe4.1C24 | LINKING HIV-1 AND ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCES: LOW PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 DRUG RESISTANCE IN PERU. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.1C24) Lama J.R.1, Suarez L.2, Laguna A.3, Acuña M.1, Olson J.3, Sanchez J.L.4, Celum C.5, Sanchez J.1, Grant R.M.6 The prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in Peru is low, reflecting the low treatment rates documented in this surveillance, and the high frequency of wild-type drug failure among treated persons. We demonstrate how drug resistance surveillance can be integrated into national HIV-1 sentinel surveillance. Our findings prior to nationwide ART roll-out, currently being conducted in Peru, contrasts with the history of ART in developed countries, where high levels of NRTI resistance occurred prior to introduction of ART. |
| WePe4.4 Resistance testing in clinical practice |
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| WePe4.4C01 | NATURALLY OCCURING POLYMORPHISM IN NON-SUBTYPE B HIV-1 GROUP M STRAINS OCCURING AMONG TREATMENT-NAÏVE PATIENTS IN RURAL NORTHWEST CAMEROON IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C01) Ndembi N.1, Tameh T.1, Abraha A.2, Mbanya D.S.1, Arts E.J.2, Kaptue L.1 Given the likelihood that the most commonly used first line ART regimens in Cameroon contains an NNRTI and PI baseline resistance testing in treatment naïve individuals should strongly be considered in many settings. |
| WePe4.4C02 | NATURALLY OCCURING POLYMORPHISM IN NON-SUBTYPE B HIV-1 GROUP M STRAINS OCCURING AMONG TREATMENT-NAÏVE PATIENTS IN RURAL NORTHWEST CAMEROON IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C02) Nicaise N.1, Theodore T.1, Awet A.2, Dora M.1, Eric J A.2, Lazare K.1 Given the likelihood that the most commonly used first line ART regimens in Cameroon contains an NNRTI and PI baseline resistance testing in treatment naïve individuals should strongly be considered in many settings. |
| WePe4.4C03 | DETERMINANTS OF HIV DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN PLASMA VIRUS FOLLOWING TREATMENT INTERRUPTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C03) Chilton D.1, Dervisevic S.2, Pillay D.2, Rider A.3, Copas A.3, Miller R.F.3, Edwards S.G.1 We demonstrate that a significant minority maintain detectable resistant virus following TI, particularly those with extensive antiretroviral history, and those who have had previous virological failure on NNRTIs. In addition to current guidelines, these data suggest that resistance testing following TI is useful up to three months and may confer utility after twelve. |
| WePe4.4C04 | DO THE MUTATIONS M046I AND I047A CONFER RESISTANCE TO KALETRA? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C04) Nelson M., Stevanovic M., Price H., Jones R., Mandalia S., Bower M., Gazzard B. Prior exposure to Kaletra is not required in the development of the mutations M046I and I047A. Presence of these mutations does not adversely affect virological response to Kaletra therapy as part of an HAART regimen. |
| WePe4.4C05 | THE ANALYSIS OF GENOTYPIC RESISTANCE TESTING RESULTS OF ARV-NAÏVE CHILDREN INFECTED WITH HIV-1C IN BOTSWANA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C05) Yarosh O.1, Jibril H.1, Rankopo O.2, Kerumotswe M.1, Musa-Aisien S.1, Kurup S.1, Kostova E.1 Despite the fact that resistance testing has been only recently available we were able to identify the most common resistance mutations among children being on first line of HAART in Botswana.It has also proven useful in the selecting salvage treatment and shows that adherence level in the 60% to 95% range has the highest likelihood of causing resistance to both NRTI's and NNRTI's. |
| WePe4.4C07 | DETERMINATION OF PHENOTYPIC CLINICAL CUTOFFS FOR THE VIRCO® TYPE HIV-1 RESISTANCE ANALYSIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C07) Bacheler L.1, Winters B.2, Harrigan P.R.3, Montaner J.3, Perez-Elias M.4, Miller M.5, Emery S.6, van Leth F.7, Robinson P.8, Baxter J.9, Pozniak A.10, Gazzard B.10 Clinically relevant breakpoints (CCOs) for virco®TYPE phenotypic resistance data have been defined and validated based on virologic outcome in treated patients. The CCOs were more predictive of virologic outcome than BCOs. CCOs should enhance the clinical utility of virco®TYPE in the selection of optimal antiretroviral treatment regimens for HIV-1+ subjects. |
| WePe4.4C08 | DEVELOPMENT OF DE NOVO PI-RESISTANCE IN LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR-MONOTHERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C08) Wolf E.1, Walter H.2, Eckerlein B.3, Koegl C.1, Jaegel-Guedes E.3, Jaeger H.3 In this PI-naïve patient LPV/r-monotherapy failed and led to LPV-resistant virus. Genotypic resistance pattern was divergent from two other single cases that have been reported to fail under LPV/r-first line therapy indicating that LPV-resistance can develop via completely different resistance pathways. Broad PI-cross resistance - especially due to M46V and I84V - was selected in our case. L76V did not lead to a clinically relevant re-sensitization of SQV- and ATV-resistance. |
| WePe4.4C09 | SELECTION OF TAMS DURING FIRST-LINE HAART INFLUENCE VIROLOGIC OUTCOME OF SECOND-LINE HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C09) Maggiolo F., Callegaro A., Airoldi M., Quinzan G., Gregis G., Ripamonti D., Arici C., Suter F. Most of patients included in our analysis started their first-line HAART with very low CD4 counts (<200 cells/mcl). The selection of TAMs during the first-line therapy significantly reduced the virologic response to second-line HAART. Although not directly correlated with a worst prognosis, in our cohort, the use of thymidine analogues, as first line drugs, may limit future therapeutic options. Thymidine-sparing regimens may result of choice as first-line HAART. |
| WePe4.4C10 | ANALYSIS OF HIV-1 GP41 HR1 AND HR2 REGIONS OF DIFFERENT GENETIC FORMS FROM RUSSIA IN RELATION TO NATURAL RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED MUTATIONS TO T-20 AND POLYMORPHISMS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C10) Vázquez de Parga E.1, Rakhmanova A.2, Pérez-Álvarez L.1, Vinogradova A.3, Carmona R.1, Muñoz M.1, Delgado E.1, Vega Y.1, Thomson M.M.1, Sierra M.1, Casado G.1, Contreras G.1, Medrano L.1, Osmanov S.4, Nájera R.1 Different frequencies of natural resistance-associated mutations to T-20 among several HIV-1 genetic forms were observed. It is necessary to study the level of phenotypic resistance to T20 associated with these substitutions, including the S138A mutation. The high frequency of N42S, associated with an increased susceptibility to T-20, could suggest an influence in a possible better response to T20 in these patients. |
| WePe4.4C11 | MUTATIONS AND POLYMORPHISMS AT DRUG RESISTANCE SITES IN NON-B SUBTYPES OF HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C11) Vega Y.1, Pérez-Álvarez L.1, Delgado E.1, Muñoz M.1, Sierra M.1, Casado G.1, Carmona R.1, Vázquez de Parga E.1, Thomson M.1, Contreras G.1, Medrano L.1, Nájera R.1, Group for resistance study in Galicia X.G.2, Group for resistance study in Basque Country S.V.d.S.3 There is a higher frequency of PR polymorphisms (positions 10, 20, 36, 82 and 93) than in RT region in non-B isolates, showing differences between subtypes. Subtype G treated-naïve harboured a 100% frequency of PR polymorphisms at K20I, M36I and V82I, while all subtype C naïve-treated presented I93L mutation. These differences in patterns of resistance-associated-mutations in non-B in comparison with subtype B isolates are important in order to assess drug treatment strategies, since there is an increasing number of non-B subtypes and recombinants worldwide. |
| WePe4.4C12 | RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN ARV-NAÏVE PATIENTS TREATED WITH RITONAVIR-BOOSTED SAQUINAVIR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C12) Ananworanich J.1, Ruxrungtham K.2, Sirivichayakul S.2, Ubolyam S.1, Jupimai T.1, Schutz M.3, Snowden W.3, Cooper D.4, Hirschel B.5, and the Staccato Study Team1 There was a very low incidence of VF in ART-naïve patients receiving SQV/r (3.9%). No patient acquired major PI-resistance mutations. The protease polymorphisms detected at VF are similar to those seen with other boosted PIs in ARV-naïve patients, and are natural polymorphisms/secondary mutations that may contribute to reduced susceptibility in the presence of primary mutations. The incidence of genotypic NRTI-resistance at VF was low. Most patients with VF achieved VL <50 copies/ml after increasing SQV/r dosing or switching to another regimen. |
| WePe4.4C13 | DRUG RESISTANCE AMONG HIV PATIENTS WHO DISCONTINUED ARV TREATMENT IN BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C13) Kalmar E.1, Chen S.2, Ferreira S.3, Barreto C.3, McFarland W.4, Sabino E.3 Presence of stable resistance mutations was common in patients who have discontinued treatment. Policy changes resulting in discontinuation of ARV may impact the spread of drug resistance. |
| WePe4.4C14 | CHANGES IN UTILIZATION OF DRUG RESISTANCE TESTING IN THE HOPS COHORT (1999-2003) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C14) Young B.1, Baker R.2, Wood K.2, Buchacz K.3, Moorman A.3, Holmberg S.3, Brooks J.3, HOPS Investigators 3 Presence of stable resistance mutations was common in patients who have discontinued treatment. Policy changes resulting in discontinuation of ARV may impact the spread of drug resistance. |
| WePe4.4C15 | HIV-1 SUBTYPE A MAY BE LESS SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF K65R IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C15) Gupta R.K.1, Chrystie I.2, O'Shea S.2, Mullen J.2, Kulasegaram R.2, Tong C.W.2 Resistance testing is becoming more common among HOPS patients, although the proportion thus far tested remains <25%. Patients with more advanced HIV disease were more likely to receive resistance testing, but utilization did not differ by socioeconomic characteristics in this cohort of US patients receiving routine outpatient care. |
| WePe4.4C17 | OUTCOME OF HIV PATIENTS WITH MULTI-CLASS DRUG RESISTANT VIRUS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C17) Suh J., Baron P., Polsky B., Sharp V. Only one patient achieved virologic suppression (<400 copies/mL). Moreover, at 3 year follow-up, mortality rate was very worrisome (31%) in this cohort. Treatment of HIV patients with 3-DCR-HIV remains a difficult challenge marked by high rates of clinical and virologic failures. Studies are needed to define factors associated with ARV failures and to prevent progression to severe drug resistance in this population. |
| WePe4.4C18 | NRTIS SUSCEPTIBILITY IN HIV-1 INFECTED CHILDREN FAILING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C18) Almeida F.1, Rodrigues R.2, Berezin E.1, Safadi M.A.1, Oliveira C.M.2, Brigido L.F.2 Our results, albeit the small sample size reflects the use of the ARV class in children and suggest that DDI and Tenofovir have the best susceptibility profile for consideration in salvage therapy of patients failing antiretroviral therapy after using most or all NRTIs. |
| WePe4.4C19 | IS PREDICTED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO TIPRANAVIR/RITONAVIR (TPV/R) IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS BETTER THAN FOR OTHER PI-BOOSTED REGIMENS ? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C19) Boulmé R.1, Gonzalez D.1, Struck D.2, Arendt V.2, Staub T.2, Hemmer R.2, Schmit J.-C.2 Using the cumulative number of mutations, predicted susceptibility to tipranavir/r in experienced patients with more than three genotypes is comparable to susceptibilities predicted using standard algorithms for other protease-boosted regimens, except for indinavir/r. We suggest that taking into account past and current mutations for the prediction of ARV resistance in treatment-experienced patients may be useful. |
| WePe4.4C20 | NRTI RESISTANCE IN RELATIONSHIP TO K65R: A STUDY OF INNER CITY HIV PATIENTS WHO PRESENT WITH VIROLOGICAL FAILURE. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C20) Fernandes H.1, Sultana M.1, Chew D.1, Reilly E.1, Fisher A.2, Burstin S.2 K65R continues to occur infrequently in 2004 (4.6%); M184V is more common, and L74V was seen in a higher frequency (6.7%). Patients who developed K65R had extensive prior therapy with multiple drugs that select for K65R. |
| WePe4.4C21 | SEQUENCING PROTEASE INHIBITORS AFTER FIRST PI-FAILURE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C21) Zurita Macías Valadez L.C., Fuentes Romero L.L., Rodríguez Díaz R.A., Viveros Rogel M., Hernández Flores M., Villasís Keever A., Sierra Madero J.G., Soto Ramírez L.E. Failing to a first PI-ARV regimen in Mexico represents a late failure as evidence by the high number of RAMs. The availability of GR in Mexico and other developing countries is limited, so it is important to select the PI with the highest chance of response, that in this study was LPV over ATV. |
| WePe4.4C22 | RESISTANT PATHWAYS IN MEXICAN PATIENTS FAILING TO ZDV+3TC OR ZDV+DDI + PI/NNRTI IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe4.4C22) Rodríguez-Díaz R.A., Zurita Macías Valadez L.C., Fuentes Romero L.L., Viveros Rogel M., Villasis-Keever A., Soto-Ramírez L.E. We corroborated that the use of ZDV+ddI correlated after first HAART failure with a unfavorable resistance pathway to NRTIs however this combination is associated with less resistance to NNRTIs due to the higher genetic barrier of ddI. These findings should be considered for ARV treatment guidelines in countries where monitoring is limited. |
| WePe6.2 Clinical trials of new drugs/pro-drugs |
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| WePe6.2C01 | ACUPUNCTURE TRIAL: MANAGING DIGESTIVE SIDE-EFFECTS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.2C01) Sommers E., Porter K. Treatment with acupuncture was well-tolerated and safe, with no adverse effects being reported. The pilot study demonstrated that treatment was feasible and acceptable. Results from this pilot trial are being used to design a more rigorous and larger trial which will be implemented without the cross-over design. |
| WePe6.2C02 | POLYCLONAL CAPRINE IGG PEHRG214 (HRG): ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY AND MAPPING OF NOVEL ANTIBODY SPECIFICITIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.2C02) Sanford J.1, Dezube B.2, Perera T.1, Crumpacker C.2, Gelder F.1 HRG contains potent anti-HIV neutralizing activity. Correlation of HRG reactivities with human anti-HIV reactivities demonstrated novel specificities unique to HRG, not previously recognized by either human anti-HIV sera or helper cells. These novel specificities may in part be responsible for the anti-HIV activity observed in previously reported clinical trials. |
| WePe6.2C03 | ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AND SAFETY OF GW695634, A NOVEL NEXT GENERATION NNRTI, IN NNRTI-RESISTANT HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.2C03) Becker S.1, Lalezari J.2, Walworth C.3, Kumar P.4, Cade J.5, Ng-Cashin J.6, Kim Y.6, Scott J.6, St. Clair M.6, Jones L.6, Symonds W.6 This 7-Day study in HIV-1 infected patients with documented NNRTI-resistance demonstrates the potent antiviral activity of GW695634 in this patient population and provides 'proof-of-concept' to support further clinical development of GW695634 in patients failing currently marketed NNRTI medications. |
| WePe6.2C04 | FIRST-IN-HUMANS TRIAL OF PRO 140, A HUMANIZED CCR5 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY FOR HIV-1 THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.2C04) Olson P., Doshan H., Zhan C., Mezzatesta J., Assumma A., Czarnecky R., Maddon P., Kremer A., Israel R. PRO 140 has been administered to healthy volunteers in this ongoing first-in-humans study. The study findings support further development of PRO 140 for HIV-1 therapy. |
| WePe6.2C05 | A LONG-TERM OPEN-LABEL ROLLOVER TRIAL ASSESSING THE SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF COMBINATION TIPRANAVIR AND RITONAVIR (TPV/R) USE IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.2C05) Pierone G.1, Drulak M.2, Arasteh K.3, Walmsley S.4, Katlama C.5, Lazzarin A.6, Miki J.2, Mayers D.2 In this cohort of treatment-experienced patients who had received TPV/r for up to 4 years, AEs were generally mild or mild-to-moderate in intensity and were not associated with treatment discontinuation. |
| WePe6.3 Phase III/IV trials |
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| WePe6.3C01 | THE USE OF INTRAVAGINAL PRODUCTS AND VAGINAL HYGIENE PRACTICES AMONG WOMEN IN LAGOS STATE NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.3C01) Otuonye N.M. The success of phase III clinical trial of microbicides will largely depend on the acceptability of intravaginal product and vaginal hygiene, which is frequently practiced among women population. This could influences the studies of virginal microbicides. The understanding of this factor will help in the design and implementation of Microbicides clinical trial. 80% of the women are anxiously waiting for microbiocides. |
| WePe6.3C02 | THE EFFECT OF "STRENGTH OF EVIDENCE" REQUIREMENTS AND HIV INCIDENCE ON THE SIZE OF PHASE III TRIALS FOR MICROBICIDES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.3C02) Coplan P., Rosenberg Z. The sample size required for one pivotal efficacy trial is 22% smaller than two Phase III trials. Changes in HIV incidence have a large effect on sample size between 1 to 3% and relatively smaller effects above 4%. |
| WePe6.3C03 | QUADRUPLE NUCLEOSIDE/TIDE REGIMEN OF TRIZIVIR (TZV) + TENOFOVIR (TDF) IS EFFECTIVE FOLLOWING EARLY VIROLOGIC FAILURE ON AN INITIAL REGIMEN CONTAINING A THYMIDINE ANALOG + LAMIVUDINE IN COMBINATION WITH A PROTEASE INHIBITOR (PI) OR NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR (NNRTI) (ESS30005, ZIP) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.3C03) Rodriguez A.1, Hill-Zabala C.2, Sloan L.3, Jefferson T.4, Yau L.2, Watson M.2, Irlbeck D.2, Shaefer M.2 TZV BID + TDF QD was an effective and well-tolerated regimen in subjects experiencing early failure on ZDV or d4T + 3TC + PI or NNRTI. Using a quad nucleoside/tide regimen following failure on a PI or NNRTI-based regimen may preserve future treatment options with other classes of antiretrovirals. |
| WePe6.3C04 | ADVERSE EVENTS ARE THE MAIN CAUSE OF FAILURE IN A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, OPEN-LABEL, MUTICENTRE TRIAL IN NAÏVE, HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS, COMPARING ZDV/3TC VS D4T/DDI, PLUS EFAVIRENZ, NEVIRAPINE OR INDINAVIR/RITONAVIR (AMADEUS 01 STUDY). IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.3C04) Antela A.1, Iribarren J.A.1, Mahillo B.2, Santos I.1, Ribera E.1, Gutiérrez C.1, Esteban H.2, Labarga P.1, González J.1, Andía A.1, Martí-Belda P.1 Tolerability was the main factor influencing efficacy, with a better response with AZT/3TC when compared to d4T/ddI, mainly due to a higher rate of adverse events with d4T/ddI. Immunological recovery was significantly better on patients receiving d4T/ddI. Virological failure was unfrequent and most failures where due to adverse events, significantly more frequent in patients receiving IDV/RTV. |
| WePe6.3C05 | TENOFOVIR DF (TDF) IN COMBINATION WITH LAMIVUDINE (3TC) AND EFAVIRENZ (EFV) IN ANTIRETROVIRAL-NAÏVE HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS: 4-YEAR FOLLOW-UP IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.3C05) Cassetti I.1, Madruga J.V.R.2, Suleiman J.M.A.H.3, Zhong L.4, Enejosa J.4, Cheng A.K.4 Once daily TDF+3TC+EFV demonstrated sustained antiretroviral activity and was well tolerated in antiretroviral-naïve patients through 4 years of therapy. |
| WePe6.3C06 | 2-YEAR FOLLOW-UP LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R)-EFAVIRENZ (EFV) COMBINATION (BIKS STUDY) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.3C06) Allavena C.1, Bonnet B.1, Michelet C.2, Lafeuillade A.3, Delfraissy J.F.4, Besnier J.M.5, Drogoul M.P.6, Bentata M.7, Cohen Codar I.8, Raffi F.1 LPV/r-EFV combination was associated with a durable and high rate of virologic response, a sustained and consistent immunologic gain and an acceptable safety profile through 2 years, with no majoration of lipid abnormalities during the second year. |
| WePe6.3C07 | TIPRANAVIR/RITONAVIR (TPV/R) DEMONSTRATES SUPERIOR TREATMENT RESPONSE TO LOPINAVIR/R (LPV/R), AMPRENAVIR/R (APV/R) OR SAQUINAVIR/R (SQV/R) IN PI-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS FROM THE TPV RESIST-1 AND RESIST-2 TRIALS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePe6.3C07) Lazzarin A.1, Mukwaya G.2, Clumeck N.3, Workman C.4, Gathe J.5, Trottier B.6, Villacian J.2, Neubacher D.2, McCallister S.2 TPV/r provides a statistically superior VL response compared with either LPV/r, APV/r or SQV/r in a cohort of 2 PI-regimen—experienced HIV+ patients. |
| WePe6.3C08 | PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH ABACAVIR (ABC)-LAMIVUDINE (3TC) FIXED DOSE COMBINATION (FDC) TABLET ONCE DAILY (QD) COMPARED WITH ABC AND 3TC TWICE DAILY (BID) IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS (ESS30008) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. WePeWePe6.3C08) Watson M.1, Hill-Zabala C.1, Sosa N.2, DeJesus E.3, Florance A.1 Satisfaction with treatment convenience and flexibility were enhanced by switching patients from ABC BID+3TC BID to ABC/3TC FDC QD. Symmetrical dosing regimens appear to increase patient satisfaction. |
| WePe6.3C09 | AN EVALUATION OF HIV-PATIENT QUALITY OF LIFE (QOL) AND TOLERABILITY AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF ENFUVIRTIDE (ENF)-BASED HAART USING A SMALLER NEEDLE I |