9TH EUROPEAN AIDS CONFERENCE (EACS) 1st EACS RESISTANCE & PHARMACOLOGY WORKSHOP October 25 - 29, 2003 Warsaw, Poland

1	F1/1 - THE QUAD STUDY: A PILOT-STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF TRIZIVIR + RTV-BOOSTED SAQUINAVIR (TZV+SQVR) COMPARED TO COMBIVIR + RTV-BOOSTED SAQUINAVIR (CBV+SQVR) IN ART-NAÏVE PATIENTS WITH HIGH VIRAL LOAD (VL) AND LOW CD4 COUNT. 24 WEEK INTERIM ANALYSIS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:F1/1 (abstract no. 1) Staszewski S.1, Stark T.2, Knecht G.1,3, Mösch M.1, Schlitt C.1, Dauer B.1, Warncke W.4, Walli R.5 In this pilot study in a very advanced patient population, over 24 weeks, substantial antiviral activity was observed with the quadruple and triple combination therapy. Boths regimens were generally well tolerated.
2	F1/2 - TRIZIVIR IN ARV NAÏVE HIV (+) PATIENTS: CAN IT STILL BE CONSIDERED AS A FIRST LINE TREATMENT OPTION? European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:F1/2 (abstract no. 2) Astriti M.1, Bugnon F.3, Bouberazi I.1, Agher R.1, Marcelin A.G.2, Calvez V.2, Bricaire F.1, Raffi F.3, Katlama C.1 Trizivir had a low rate of virological failure (15 %) in ARV naïve patients. Failures are mostly due to intolerance or non-compliance. However, after 2 years of follow-up, more than 50 % of patients are still on their initial TRZ regimen.
3	F1/3 - EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ONCE-DAILY LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR VS. TWICE-DAILY LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR IN ANTIRETROVIRAL-naïve PATIENTS: 24-WEEK RESULTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 3) Podzamczer D.1, Gathe J.2, Johnson M.3, Schwartz R.4, Villacian J.5, Marsh T.6, Naylor C.6, King M.6, Tressler R.6, Brun S.6 Through 24 weeks, a QD regimen of TDF+FTC+LPV/r resulted in similar virologic responses in antiretroviral-naïve patients compared to the same regimen with LPV/r dosed BID. Both regimens were well tolerated, and diarrhea was the only AE reported more frequently in QD- vs. BID-treated patients.
4	F1/4 - INDUCTION THERAPY WITH TRIZIVIR (ZIDOVUDINE/LAMIVUDINE/ABACAVIR) [TZV] PLUS EFAVIRENZ [EFV]: TIME STUDY (AZL30004) RESULTS AT 24 WEEKS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 4) Johnson M.1, De Wit S.2, Gazzard B.3, Bergmann J.F.4, Reynes J.5, Estrada V.6, Castagna A.7, Rockstroh J.8 TZV+EFV is a compact and potent QUAD regimen but this particular regimen was associated with a high incidence of adverse events leading to drug discontinuations. Patients remaining in the study benefited from an effective reduction in vRNA (including those with very high viral load at baseline), and an improvement in CD4 cell counts.
5	F1/5 - LOPINAVIR/R AS SOLE THERAPY FOR HIV-INFECTION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 5) Pierone G.1, Mieras J.2, Kantor C.2, Bulgin-Coleman D.1, Shearer J.1, McCabe J.2 Follow up observations in this small cohort of patients suggest that L/r alone has potent and durable antiviral activity. No evidence of viral resistance has been observed. Prospective trials of L/r alone are warranted.
6	F2/1 - IMPACT OF NON NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NNRTIS) PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS ON VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN HIV-1 INFECTED NNRTIS NAÏVE-PATIENTS (PTS) ENROLLED IN ANRS 088 TRIAL European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 6) Peytavin G.1, Meynard J.L.2, Lamotte C.1, Vray M.3, Matheron S.1, Morand-Joubert L.2, Girard P.M.2, Brun-Vézinet F.1, Costagliola D.3, for the Narval Trial Group In heavily pretreated but NNRTI-naïve Pts treated with NNRTI containing regimen, adequate EFV Cpl were predictive of VS. Surprisingly, NVP Cpl were subtherapeutic in half of Pts, suggesting the usefulness of TDM.
7	F2/2 - THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTRACELLULAR AND PLASMA PHARMACOKINETICS OF NELFINAVIR AND M8 IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS WITH P-GLYCOPROTEIN EXPRESSION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 7) Ford J.1, Hoggard P.G.1, Meaden E.R.1, Newton P.2, Cuthbertson Z.3, Williams I.2, Johnson M.3, Daniels E.4, Hsyu P.4, Khoo S.H.1, Back D.J.1 IC concentrations were higher than plasma concentrations for NFV and M8, suggesting lymphocyte accumulation. The mechanism of differential IC accumulation of NFV and M8 is unclear but may reflect affinities for influx transporters or inherent drug characteristics.
8	F2/3 - PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) OF SAQUINAVIR/RITONAVIR (SQV/R) ONCE DAILY (OD) IN HIV+ SUBJECTS: COMPARISON WITH STANDARD BD REGIMENS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 8) Boffito M.1, Dickinson L.2, Hill A.3, Nelson M.1, Moyle G.1, Higgs C.1, Fletcher C.1, Mandalia S.1, Back D.2, Gazzard B.1, Pozniak A.1 On SQV/r 2000/100mg OD mean AUC was 36% higher, Cmax 130% higher, but Ctrough 52% lower than the standard 1000/100 mg BD dosage. There was no increased toxicity and 13/15 pts had Ctrough>MEC of 50ng/mL. The 2000/100 OD dosage is a candidate for new clinical trials of OD SQV.
9	F2/4 - INDINAVIR PLASMA EXPOSURE IS NOT AFFECTED BY RITONAVIR/LOPINAVIR CO-ADMINISTRATION IN A BOOSTED DOUBLE PI-ONLY THERPAY REGIMEN European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 9) Von Hentig N.1, Dauer B.2, Moesch M.2, Carlebach A.2, Lutz T.3, Kurowski M.4, Harder S.1, Staszewski S.2 The comparison of the RTV plasma exposure in all groups is indicating, that even low RTV plasma levels sufficiently booster IDV or LPV. A dose adjustment of IDV, co-administrated with LPV/r in a double-PI regimen is not necessary.
10	F2/5 - PHARMACOKINETICS FROM A 48-WEEK RANDOMISED TRIAL TO EVALUATE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF INDINAVIR/RITONAVIR 800/100 MG VERSUS SAQUINAVIR/RITONAVIR 1000/100 MG: THE MAXCMIN1 TRIAL European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 10) Justesen U., Fox Z., Pedersen C., Cahn P., Gerstoft J., Clumeck N., Duran A., Peters B., Obel N., Castagna A., Dragsted U., Lundgren J.. on behalf of the MaxCmin1 trial group Rtv-boosting of IDV and SAQ results in high concentrations with no tendency towards levering off over 48 weeks. IDV affects the rtv Cmin level differently than SAQ resulting in higher rtv Cmin levels in the IDV/rtv arm. Efficacy and safety outcomes were not dependent on IDV and SAQ Cmin levels at week 4. Gender may influence drug concentrations.
11	F2/6 - EVALUATION OF THE MULTIPLE-DOSE PHARMACOKINETICS OF LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) IN HIV AND HCV CO-INFECTED SUBJECTS WITH MILD OR MODERATE HEPATIC INSUFFICIENCY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 11) Arribas J.1, Pulido F.2, Peng J.Z.3, Kemmis S.3, Li J.-L.3, Lorenzo A.1, Cepeda C.2, Reisch T.3, Moseley J.3, Grebner K.3, Cabanillas J.A.4, Da Silva B.3, Bernstein B.3, Chiu Y.-L.3, Bertz R.3 Both mild and moderate HI result in similar effects on LPV concentrations. Total and free LPV AUC12 were approximately 32% and 71% higher, respectively, in HI subjects vs. control.
12	F3/1 - SIGNIFICANCE OF DNA CMV DETECTION IN BLOOD, URINE AND SALIVA OF HIV-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN FOR RISK APPRAISAL OF CONGENITAL CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no.12) Shakhgildian V.1, Silz V.3, Shamshurina M.2, Kalinina N.2 High frequency of active CMVI is characteristic of pregnant HIV-infected women (CMV DNA was detected in blood leukocytes of 9,2% of examined patients). Intrauterine infection of foetus by CMV happens more often (8,5 % of cases) if a pregnant woman is HIV-infected. CMV DNA detected in blood of pregnant women is the most sensitive and specific marker of a high risk of congenital CMV-infection.
13	F3/2 - DRAMATIC REDUCTION, BUT NO ELIMINATION, OF PERINATAL HIV TRANSMISSION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 13) Sánchez E.1, Fortuny C.2, Loncà M.3, Coll O.3, Bogunyà J.M.2, Muñoz M.C.2, Jiménez R.2 Early identification of HIV infection in pregnant women must be emphasized: prophylactic measures lower the risk of transmission to almost-zero rate, and infants who become infected present with mild clinical conditions and good short to moderate term prognosis.
14	F3/3 - MULTIDISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT OF HIV AND/OR HCV INFECTED COUPLES WISHING TO HAVE CHILDREN WITH LESSER RISK OF VIRAL TRANSMISSION : ASSISTED MEDICAL PROCREATION (AMP) FOR HIV -1 OR HCV SERODIFFERENT COUPLES European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 14) Tubiana R.1, Lefebvre G.2, Marcellin A.G.3, Rozemblum O.4, Simon A.5, Thabut D.6, Ghosn J.1, Mbida L.7, Vauthier D.2, Thibault V.3, Dominguez S.1, Bonmarchand M.6, Pauchard M.1, Katlama C.1, De Montgolfier I.8, Poirot C.7 Women median age was 36 years ( range: 26-45). 70 samples from 38 patients, 21/38 HIV, 13/38 HIV+HCV and 4 HCV infected were analyzed. The ff was positive for HIV-RNA and DNA in 5 and 5 patients respectively. All but one patients had undetectable blood HIV- RNA. HCV- RNA was positive in 6/17 patients in seminal plasma but in only one for the ff. 18 couples started Intrauterine insemination with 9 pregnancies for 44 cycles and 8 performed in vitro fertilisation or Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) with 2 pregnancies. The first baby is expected in August 2003.
15	F3/4 - MATERNAL TOLERABILITY OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) IN PREVENTING VERTICAL TRANSMISSION (VT) OF HIV-1 European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 15) Lyons F., Hopkins S., Bergin C., Mulcahy F. ART is generally well tolerated in pregnancy and does not significantly increase anaemia. Liver abnormalities are more common with nevirapine exposure and CD4 count <300 x 106/L. Serious liver toxicity occurred with a higher median baseline CD4.
16	F3/5 - OUTCOMES IN HIV INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN IN WARSAW COHORT IN 1994-2003 European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 16) Firlag-Burkacka E.1, Niemiec T.2, Kalinowska M.1, El Midaoui A.2, Kowalska A.2, Pulik P.1, Bakowska E.1, Swiecki P.1, Horban A.1 HAART and cesarean section is effective in prevention of perinatal transmission of HIV . The preterm delivery rate in HIV+ women is the same as in general pregnant women population in Poland.
17	F3/6 - A LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON HIV-RESISTANCE TESTING DURING PREGNANCY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 17) Liuzzi G.1, Di Giambenedetto S.2, Forbici F.1, Bagarelli A.2, Sette P.1, Visconti E.2, Zaccarelli M.1, Pastore Celentano L.2, Tozzi V.1, Zinzi D.1, Anzidei G.1, De Luca A.2, Antinori A.1, Tamburrini E.2, Perno C.F.1, Cingolani A.2, per il Gruppo Laziale Donne Gravidanza e HIV (G.La.Do.G.HIV) The interruption of treatment at the beginning of pregnancy is related to a low level of resistance with low rate of primary mutations and better response to GRT-guded therapy. However, the importance of viral replication during interruption over HIV vertical transmission should be matter of debate in the next future.
18	F4/1 - PREDICTING THE LONG TERM SLOPE OF CD4+T-CELL COUNTS FOR DIFFERENT HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPIES (HAART) IN THERAPY NAÏVE PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 18) Gras L.1, van de Wiel M.A.1, van Valkengoed I.1, van Sighem A.1, Ghani A.C.2, de Wolf F.1,2 for the ATHENA observational cohort Our results suggest that few clinically important differences exist in long term CD4+T-cell count between common regimens. Other factors e.g. toxicity, resistance, short term therapy effect should have priority when deciding which antiretroviral therapy to start. However, these findings require verification in larger cohorts.
19	F4/2 - KINETICS OF CYTOKINES/CHEMOKINES IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS AFTER CESSATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 19) Barqasho B.1, Birk M.1,2, Nowak P.1, Andersson J.2, Sönnerborg A.1,2 The HIV RNA levels increased rapidly in all patients after cessation of therapy. Except in IL-6 and IFN-α all other studied cytokines/chemokines seemed to display a positive or negative correlation to the HIV RNA levels. However, we could not identify a clear pattern between the HIV inductive cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and the HIV suppressive ß-chemokines and cytokines IFN-α and IFN-γ. However, this study included only a limited number of individuals and the inter-individual differences were considerable.
20	F4/3 - SPECIFIC T-CELL PROLIFERATIVE AND IFN-γ RESPONSES IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS UNDER HAART European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 20) Markova R.1, Terzieva V.1, Todorova Y.1, Drenska R.1, Elenkov I.2, Yankova M.2, Kostov K.2 A recovery of T-cell responses during HAART was registered only in patients with preserved Th function before therapy. The discordance between HIV-1-specific IFN-γ-producing T cells and HIV-1 specific lymphoproliferation could be due to active HIV-1 replication in vivo causing proliferative defects in these cells. The fact that in the course of HAART strong HIV-1-specific T-cell responses were found in some of the patients indicated that HIV-1-induced proliferative defects could be reversible.
21	F4/4 - EPIDEMIOLOGY OF IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME (IRIS) IN AN ETHNICALLY DIVERSE HIV INFECTED COHORT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 21) Thevarajan I., Chiu C., Murad S., Easterbrook P. Approximately one third of patients experience IRIS events within 16 weeks of initiating HAART, and this most commonly manifests as more severe or recurrent genital herpes or other dermatological infections. There are no well defined predisposing factors for the development of IRIS.
22	F5/1 - ACCESS TO LIFE SAVING HIV/AIDS TREATMENTS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: MSF SCALING UP European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 22) Klement E. Consolidated data from seven MSF projects in South Africa, Malawi, Kenya, Cameroon, Cambodia, Thailand and Guatemala presented in Barcelona conference showed that at six months survival was 93%, with an mean weight gain of 3kg and 104 CD4cells/mm3 increase, adherence to treatment was good and where viral load was tested virus was undetectable for 82% patients (<100 copies/ml). We now propose to give a two years follow up of this cohort.
23	F5/2 - DELAYED PRESENTATION AND LATE TESTING FOR HIV: DEMOGRAPHIC AND BEHAVIOURAL RISK FACTORS IN A MULTICENTER STUDY IN ITALY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 23) Girardi E., Aloisi M.S., Arici A., Pezzotti P., Serraino D., Balzano R., Vigevani G., Alberici F., Ursitti M., D'Alessandro M., d'Arminio Monforte A., Ippolito G. Interventions aimed at promoting timely access to care of persons with HIV infection should include differentiated programs that specifically address the problem of delay to presentation to medical care after testing HIV and the problem of testing late in the course of HIV infection.
24	F5/3 - PRODUCTIVITY COSTS RELATED TO PAID WORK IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN SWITZERLAND European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 24) Sendi P.1,2, Schellenberg F.1, Ungsedhapand C.1, Kaufmann G.1, Bucher H.2, Weber R.3, Battegay M.1 Productivity losses to society due to HIV infection are substantial. Given a patient's clinical health status, a higher education and a stable partnership is associated with a higher ability to work. Social characteristics may influence the cost-effectiveness of health care interventions in HIV-infected patients.
25	F5/4 - STUDY OF DETERMINANTS OF NON-ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG THERAPY IN A RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTING European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 25) Ekong E.1, Akinlade O.2, Uwah A.3, Grant-Isibor I.4 Non-adherence varied with sex, socioeconomic status and others. There is need for regular counseling and monitoring of patients.
26	F6/1 - FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV-1 SHEDDING IN THE GENITAL TRACT OF WOMEN WITH UNDETECTABLE PLASMA HIV-1 VIRAL LOAD. POTENTIAL SOURCES OF CELL-FREE HIV-1 IN VAGINAL SECRETIONS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 26) Gimeno A.1, Portilla J.2, Boix V.2, Plazas J.1, Sánchez-Payá J.3, Ochando M.1, Llopis C.1, Merino E.2, Arroyo E.1, Pardo M.A.1, Reus S.2, Sánchez R.2 VPMNs is associated with HIV genital shedding in aviremic women. Although plasma HCV viral load was equal to or greater than HIV, vaginal HCV is rarely detected. This difference suggests that transudation is not a major source of HIV in vaginal secretions.
27	F6/3 - INFLUENCE OF VIRAL LOAD ON THE TRANSMISSION OF DRUG-RESISTANT (DR) AND WILD TYPE (WT) HIV VARIANTS: COMPARISON OF RESISTANCE BETWEEN CHRONICALLY-INFECTED (CI) AND RECENTLY-INFECTED (RI) PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 27) Routy J.P.1, Machouf N.1,4, Brenner B.2, Thomas R.1,3,4, Trottier B.4, Rouleau D.3, Côté P.4, Baril J.G.4, Tremblay C.3, LeBlanc R.1,4, Edwardes M.1, Turner D.2, Sekaly R.P.5, Wainberg M.2 The decrease in VL observed in CI patients corroborates the decrease in DR transmission despite an augmentation of DR prevalence in the population of potential transmitters. Presence of mutations conferring lower VL looks to be less transmissible. Transmission of WT or DR variants seems to occur only with individuals having high viral load (4 log).
28	F6/4 - DIFFERENCES IN CD4 DECLINE FOLLOWING SEROCONVERSION FOR PERSONS WITH AND WITHOUT TRANSMITTED DRUG-RESISTANT HIV European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 28) Bhaskaran K., on behalf of the UK Register of HIV Seroconverters We found no evidence of a difference in the rate of CD4 decline between those with and without TDR after the first year following seroconversion. Longer follow-up is required and the possible differences in the first year after seroconversion should be investigated further.
29	F6/5 - VIROLOGIC OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH VIROLOGIC FAILURE WHO START A REGIMEN CONTAINING ABACAVIR: EUROSIDA STUDY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 29) Cabrera C.1, Cozzi-Lepri A.2, Phillips A.N.2, Loveday C.3, Puig T.1, Kirk O.4, Ait-Khaled M.5, Ledergerber B.6, Lundgren J.4, Clotet B.1, Ruiz L.1 The ABC measures were not clearly associated with response, suggesting that these algorithms may need further improvements. The predictive value of other ABC resistance measures will be presented.
30	F6/6 - CLINICAL PROGRESSION AND LONG TERM VIRO-IMMUNOLOGICAL OUTCOMES DURING THE EXTENDED OBSERVATION OF ARGENTA, A RANDOMIZED TRIAL ON THE USEFULNESS OF HIV-1 DRUG RESISTANCE GENOTYPING European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 30) Di Giambenedetto S., Cingolani A., Bacarelli A., Murri R., Ammassari A., Cauda R., De Luca A. GRT conferred a sustained virologic and immunological benefit independently from the number of failed regimens and immediate or deferred use. Initial VL response predicted long term clinical outcomes.
31	F6/7 - THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE TO PREDICT VIROLOGICAL OUTCOMES OF 14 DISTINCT SYSTEMS USED TO INTERPRET THE RESULTS OF GENOTYPIC HIV-1 DRUG RESISTANCE TESTING IN UNTREATED PATIENTS STARTING THEIR FIRST HAART European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 31) De Luca A.1, Cozzi-Lepri A.2, Perno C.F.3, Balotta C.4, Di Giambenedetto S.1, Orani A.5, Mussini C.6, Toti M.7, d'Arminio-Monforte A.4, and the ICoNA study group Genotyping coupled with adequate interpretation in chronic naïve patients can usefully predict virologic outcomes of the initial HAART regimens.
32	F6/8 - THE Q151M MUTATION IN THE HAART ERA: ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS, DYNAMICS AND RESPONSE TO TREATMENTS, USING A LARGE DATA-BASE OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING GENOTYPE RESISTANCE TEST (GRT) AFTER FAILURE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 32) Zaccarelli M., Perno C.F., Forbici F., Soldani F., Bonfigli S., Gori C., Trotta M.P., Bellocci M.C., Liuzzi G., D'Arrigo R., Boumis E., De Longis P., Bellagamba R., Narciso P., Antinori A. Our data indicate that many different demographic, clinical and laboratory factors can support the appearance of Q151M mutation. Salvage regimens can be effective even in presence of Q151M and limited drug options.
33	F6/9 - CLINICALLY RELEVANT INTERPRETATION OF GENOTYPE FOR RESISTANCE TO DIDANOSINE (VIDEX EC(R)) IN TREATMENT EXPERIENCED HIV INFECTED PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 33) Marcelin A.G.1, Molina J.M.2, Gaudichet A.3, Dujardin I.3, Leleu G.3, Calvez V.1 Genotype is strongly linked to viral response in NRTI-experienced patients receiving ddI. This study will help to develop a clinically relevant interpretation of genotype for ddI.
34	F7/1 - BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES AND CLINICAL PROGRESSION AND IN PATIENTS WITH VIROLOGIC FAILURE TO MULTIPLE CLASSES OF ANTIRETROVIRALS (ARV) European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 34) Potard V.1, Duval X.2, Dupont C.3, Pradier C.4, Duvivier C.5, Salmon D.6, Costagliola D.1 Prognosis of patients highly pre-exposed to ARV with virologic failure has improved between 1998 and 2001, mainly because of availability of new drugs with a more favourable resistance.
35	F7/2 - VIROLOGIC DETERMINANTS OF 24-WEEK EFFICACY OF ATAZANAVIR WITH OR WITHOUT RITONAVIR IN PATIENTS WITH PRIOR FAILURE ON A PROTEASE INHIBITOR European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 35) Zala C. (1), Lazzarin A.2, Casiro A.3, Grinsztejn B.4, Nieto L.5, Salazar R.6, Ledesma E.7, Kelleher T.8, McGovern R.8, Rightmire A.8, McLaren C.8 In extensively pretreated patients, response to atazanavir correlated positively with baseline atazanavir sensitivity and was inversely related to the number of baseline NRTI and PI viral mutations. Small subgroup numbers and differences between study populations limited these analyses.
36	F7/3 - ARE THOSE FAILING FIRST-LINE HAART THERAPY CONTAINING NELFINAVIR LESS LIKELY TO FAIL SECOND-LINE PI-CONTAINING HAART? European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 36) Ghani A.G.1, Kwong G.1, Le Fevre A.M.1, Gras L.2, van Sighem A.2, de Wolf F.2, Anderson R.M.1 Results suggest that the unique genotypic resistance of nelfinavir may be of little benefit to subsequent PI-containing regimens. Further analyses are required to confirm these findings.
37	F7/4 - DIDANOSINE (DDI) IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS:RESULTS FROM A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY (AI454-176 JAGUAR) European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 37) Molina J.M.1, Marcelin A.G.2, Pavie J.1, Heripret L.3, Merle de Boever C.4, David-Ouaknine F.5, Kirstetter M.2, Katlama C.2, Lucht F.6, Troccaz M.7, Dujardin I.7, Leleu G.7, Calvez V.2 In treatment-experienced pts, ddI retains significant antiviral activity, even in pts with previous exposure to ddI.
38	F7/5 - TREATMENT INTERRUPTION (TI) IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE FAILURES TO ARV THERAPY: CAN THE CONTROVERSY BE SOLVED? European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 38) Costagliola D.1, Duvivier C.1,2, Delaugerre C.3, Dominguez S.1,2, Wirden M.3, Ghosn J.2, Calvez V.3, Peytavin G.4, Katlama C.1,2 This suggests that the key issue in the efficacy of a salvage therapy depends highly on the number of drugs remaining potentially active before any intervention.
39	F8/1 - ONE YEAR METABOLIC AND MORPHOLOGIC FOLLOW-UP OF HIV NAÏVE PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT TREATMENT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 39) Bentata M.1, Taverna M.2, Mansouri R.1, Rouges F.1, Honore P.1, Vol S.3, Reach G.1 The decrease in HDLc in patients untreated during one year, as well as lower HDLc and higher insulin resistance in HIV patients compared to healthy subjects suggest a specific role of HIV. After a treatment of one year, we could not demonstrate a change in insulin secretion or sensitivity.
40	F8/2 - PREVALENCE OF LIPODYSTROPHY AND RETINOID SYNDROME IN A 48-WEEK RANDOMISED TRIAL TO EVALUATE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF INDINAVIR/RITONAVIR 800/100 MG VERSUS SAQUINAVIR/RITONAVIR 1000/100 MG: THE MAXCMIN1 TRIAL European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 40) De Wit S.1, Wand H.3, Law M.3, Castagna A.4, Bruun J.N.5, Youle M.6, Vernazza P.7, Cassetti I.8, Benetucci J.9, Dragsted U.2, Lundgren J.D.2, on behalf of the MaxCmin1 trial group The prevalence of lipodystrophy at week 48 was similar in the IDV/r and SAQ/r arms, and was higher in females and patients with longer duration of HIV infection. Retinoid syndrome events were significantly more frequent in the IDV/r arm compared to the
41	F8/3 - FAVOURABLE INCREASES IN HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (HDL-C) CONCENTRATIONS IN CHRONIC HIV-INFECTED THERAPY NAÏVE SUBJECTS RECEIVING 908/R QD IN THE SOLO STUDY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 41) Horban A.1, Staszewski S.2, Walmsley S.3, Pierone G.4, Sexton A.5, Stark T.6 In this chronically HIV infected ART-naïve population with low BL HDL-C, substantial increases in HDL-C combined with minimal changes in the TC/HDL-C ratio were observed following treatment with 908/r QD and NFV for 48-weeks. Similar observations were previously reported with NNRTIs.
42	F8/4 - EARLY IMPROVE OF LIPID DISTURBANCES IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS WITH SUPPRESSED VIRAL LOAD WHO SIMPLIFIED THEIR FIRST PI-CONTAINING TREATMENT TO 3 NRTIS OR 2 NRTIS PLUS NEVIRAPINE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 42) Bonjoch A.1, Gel S.1, Galvez J.2, Miralles C.3, de la Torre J.4, Prieto A.5, Viladés C.6, Márquez M.7, Mariño A.8, Miranda J.1, Peña D.9, Masabeu A.10, Pasquau J.11, Rubio M.12, Terron J.A.13, Lopez M.J.14, Knobel H.15, Clotet B.1 Both simplified therapies improved lipid abnormalities specially in TC and LDL-C in patients from their first HAART PI containing.
43	F8/5 - DYSLIPIDAEMIA IMPROVEMENT IN PATIENTS SWITCHING FROM D4T TO TENOFOVIR (RECOVER STUDY) European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 43) Domingo P.1, Labarga P.2, Llibre J.M.3, Guerrero M.F.4, Terrón J.A.5, Pérez Elías M.J.6, Ruíz Camps M.I.7, Moreno S.6, Sánchez de la Rosa R.8, and the RECOVER study group These data suggest that the use of tenofovir should improve the dyslipidaemia associated with D4T based regimens, while maintaining viral suppression. RECOVER study in currently ongoing in 120 Spanish centers, we schedule the follow up to 48 weeks for all patients.
44	F9/1 - RITUXIMAB AND INFUSIONAL CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, DOXORUBICIN, AND ETOPOSIDE (CDE) IN COMBINATION WITH HAART: A SAFE AND HIGHLY ACTIVE REGIMEN IN HIV-RELATED NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMAS (NHL) European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 44) Spina M.1, Simonelli C.1, Vaccher E.1, Jaeger U.2, Sparano J.A.3, Tirelli U.1 The combination of Rituximab and CDE in HIV-NHL treated concomitantly with HAART is safe, feasible and active. CR rate (71%) and TTF at 2 years (63%) are comparable to those observed in high grade NHL of the general population. Supported by ISS and AIRC grants.
45	F9/2 - FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT DEFAULTING AMONG HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IN NIGERIA European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 45) Uwah A.1, Oyenuga O.1, Ekong E.2, Joshua B.3 Risk factors associated with cause of TB defaulting in poor resource limited setting is multi-factorial, including societal stigma discrimination and denial, poor access of health facilities, poor counseling as well as poor service by health care providers attitudes. These factors need be addressed in order to succeed in TB and HIV/AIDS programmes.
46	F9/3 - HEPATITIS B (HBV) IN THE EUROSIDA COHORT: PREVALENCE AND IMPACT ON MORTALITY, AIDS PROGRESSION AND RESPONSE TO HAART European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 46) Konopnicki D.1, De Wit S.1, Antunes F., Ledergerber B., Katlama C., Zilmer K., Kirk O.2, Vella S., Mocroft A.2, Lundgren J.D.2, for the EuroSIDA Group The prevalence of HBV-HIV co-infection is 9% in the EuroSIDA cohort. HBV status does not influence virological and immunological responses to HAART but significantly increases overall and liver-related mortality.
47	F9/4 - STDS AND ONCOGENIC HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS IN WARSAW HIV/PWA COHORT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 47) Firlag-Burkacka E.1, Niemiec T.2, Kalinowska M.1, El Midaoui A.2, Kowalska A.2, Horban A.1, Swiecki P.1 STDs are significantly more frequent in HIV+ than in general population. HIV+ women are at high risk for cervical cancer and should be screened regardless of immune status.
48	F9/6 - CHANGING INCIDENCE OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) AIDS-RELATED DISEASES IN THE EUROSIDA COHORT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 48) d'Arminio Monforte A.1, Cinque P.2, Mocroft A.3, Goebel F.-D.4, Antunes F.5, Katlama C.6, Justesen U.S.7, Vella S.8, Kirk O.9, Lundgren J.D.9, for the EuroSida Study Group The incidence of CNS-D across Europe decreased following the introduction of HAART, immune reconstitution being the main responsible. A direct effect of antiretroviral therapy on virus replication in CNS might have also accounted for the incidence decline in ADC.
49	F9/7 - CHANGES IN HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS ACROSS EUROPE IN 1995-2002 European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 49) d'Arminio Monforte A.1, Mocroft A.2, Kirk O.3, Johnson M.A., Friis-Moller N.3, Banhegyi D., Blaxhult A., Mulcahy F., Gatell J.M., Lundgren J.D.3, for the EuroSIDA study group There has been a considerable decline in both the proportion of patients admitted to hospital and the median duration of the stay.
50	F9/8 - STABLE PARTNERSHIP AND PROGRESSION TO AIDS OR DEATH IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY: THE SWISS HIV COHORT STUDY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 50) Bucher H.C. (1,10), Young J.1, DeGeest S.2, Spirig R.2, Flepp M.3, Rickenbach M.4, Furrer H.J.5, Bernasconi E.6, Hirschel B.7, Telenti A.8, Vernazza P.9, Battegay M.10 A stable partnership is associated with a slower rate of progression to AIDS or death in HIV-infected individuals receiving HAART.
51	F10/1 - HIGHER INCIDENCE OF PREMATURE CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS IN HIV-1 EXPOSED CHILDREN European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 51) Dunsch D.1, Königs C.1, Linde R.1, Elanjikal Z.1, Scheuplein M.1, Vlaho S.2, Faul-Burbes C.3, Haberl A.4, Kieslich M.2, Klingebiel T.1, Kreuz W.1 Our results show, that in all cases of premature craniosynostosis COV during pregnancy was given and thereafter new-borns were treated with AZT according to ACTG076. We speculate that the incidence of premature craniosynostosis in HIV-exposed children is higher than in normal population. In order to prove this hypothesis and evaluate the mechanisms further investigations on premature craniosynostosis, HIV-exposition and antiretroviral prophylaxis are necessary.
52	F10/2 - EXPERIENCE WITH EFAVIRENZ IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IN SPAIN European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 52) Fortuny C.1, Parada E.1, De José M.I.2, Muñoz R.2, Bertran J.M.3, Ramos J.T.4, Gurbindo M.D.5, Navarro M.L.5, Mellado M.J.6, and The Pediatric Efavirenz Team Efavirenz was well tolerated among our patients and the reported results are equivalent to those obtained in other observational studies in HIV-infected children receiving protease inhibitors.
53	F10/3 - METABOLIC DISORDERS AND LIPODYSTROPHY IN A COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 53) De José M.I.1, Mellado M.J.2, Bellón J.M.3, Sánchez-Torres A.M.1, Gurbindo M.D.3, Ramos J.T.4, Martín-Fontelos P.2, Muñoz M.A.3 One third of the children on HAART developed LD, directly associated with an advanced Tanner stage, high levels of LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides and antiretroviral therapy over 60 months. In our series, the association observed between LD in children and in their mothers is also noteworthy.
54	F10/4 - CONTROLLED INTERRUPTION OF HAART IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 54) Fortuny C.1, Noguera A.1, Muñoz-Almagro M.C.1, Ruiz L.2, Tuset E.1, Pou J.1, Jiménez R.1 CIH in selected cases may represent a useful therapeutic strategy for HIV infection to prevent drug toxicity and should be also considered in the pediatric age.
55	F10/5 - HYPERLACTATEMIA IN HIV-UNINFECTED INFANTS PERINATALLY EXPOSED TO ANTIRETROVIRALS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 55) Noguera A.1, Fortuny C.1, Vilaseca M.A.2, Muñoz-Almagro M.C.2, Pou J.1, Jiménez R.1 In our series, 50% of the children exposed in utero or in the neonatal period to NRTIs developed hyperlactatemia, normally benign and self-limited. When symptomatic, NRTI-induced mitochondrial toxicity affected neurologic development.
56	F11/1 - CD4-GUIDED TREATMENT INTERRUPTIONS: A NEW POSSIBLE THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 56) Mussini C.1, Cozzi-Lepri A.2, Borghi V.1, d'Arminio Monforte A.3, De Luca A.4, Sighinolfi L.5, Ortolani P.6, Barchi E.7, Guaraldi G.1, Bedini A.1, Bratt G.8, Eriksson L.8, Antinori A.9, Cossarizza A.1, Esposito R.1 Patients on HAART can safely discontinue treatment for a long period of time in presence of: a CD4 nadir > 350 cells/mL, an undetectable VL on treatment for more than 12 months, a pre-treatment tendency to a slow CD4 decline and a low VL rebound after discontinuation.
57	F11/2 - PHYSICIAN SUPERVISED THERAPY INTERRUPTIONS IN DAILY PRACTICE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 57) Klausen G.1, Dupke S.2, Schlote F.3, Mayr C.4 During PSTI in our group no opportunistic infections occurred. The decrease of CD4-Cells and the increase of viral load were the highest in the patients who had started ART with few CD4 cells and/or with a high viral load. The results for absolute and relative CD4 cells only partially correlate. After restart of therapy in the group of patients with formerly effective HAART, viral load decrease and CD4 cell increase are slow.
58	F11/3 - THE FINAL WEEK 48 ANALYSIS OF A PHASE IV, RANDOMISED, OPEN-LABEL, MULTI-CENTRE TRIAL TO EVALUATE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (400/100 MG BID) VERSUS SAQUINAVIR/RITONAVIR (1000/100 MG BID): THE MAXCMIN2 TRIAL European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 58) Youle M., Gerstoft J., Fox Z., Losso M., Jayaweera D.T., Rieger A., Bruun J.N., Castagna A., Walmsley S., Hill A., Dragsted U.B., Lundgren J.D., for the MaxCmin2 trial group More patients in the SAQ/r arm experienced virological failure (ITT/e) as compared to the LPV/r arm. The clinical toxicity profile was comparable between the two arms, but more patients discontinued SAQ/r due to patients' choice.
59	F11/4 - SLOPE OF VIRAL LOAD DECLINE AND STEADY STATE PHARMACOKINETICS OF SPD754 MONOTHERAPY ADMINISTERED ONCE OR TWICE DAILY IN TREATMENT-NAÏVE HIV+ INDIVIDUALS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 59) Cassetti I.1, Cahn P.2, Adams J.3, Phanuphak P.4, Sawyer J.5, Anderson C.6, Shiveley L.6 SPD754 has predictable pharmacokinetics, is well tolerated and highly effective against HIV-1.
60	F11/7 - RESPONSE TO POTENT ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS OF HIV-1 INFECTION: HOW SHOULD RESPONSE BE DEFINED? European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 60) Grabar S.1,2, Le Moing V.3, Egger M.4, Goujard C.5, Leport C.6, Kazatchkine M.D.7, Weiss L.7, Costagliola D.1 Both HIV-1 RNA and CD4 cell count should be taken into account independently when evaluating early treatment response. The persistent impact of early response on clinical progression at 5 years emphasizes the major importance of success of first-line HAART.
61	F12/1 - MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS AND HIV INFECTION.A REVIEW CONCERNING 152 PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 61) Maltez F.1, Peres H.2, Machado J.1, Pina T.2, Cardoso O.1, Rodrigues P.1, Martins T.1, Correia F.1, Serrano A.1, Rodrigues A.1, Gonçalves P.1, Silvestre M.2 In our cohort MDR TB was prevalent mainly in injecting drug users due to poor social assistance and adherence and occurred in advanced immunodeficiency with unfavorable outcome. The more rapid case suspicion and identification, improved isolation practices and use of DOTS strategy have contributed to a reduced incidence in recent years.
62	F12/2 - PROFOUND REDUCTION OF THE DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVITY OF JCV DNA IN CSF FOR AIDS-ASSOCIATED PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUOKOENCEPHALOPATHY (PML) IN THE HAART ERA European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 62) Di Giambenedetto S., Cingolani A., Marzocchetti A., Larussa D., Ammassari A., Cauda R., De Luca A. HAART decreased yield of JCV in PML ; nPCR and repeated LP has become an insufficiently sensitive approach for the diagnosis of PML. Brain biopsy may newly be considered an option in case of PML suspect and repeatedly negative CSF assays.
63	F12/3 - INCREASING INCIDENCE OF ACUTE HEPATITIS C IN HIV POSITIVE MEN SECONDARY TO SEXUAL TRANSMISSION, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND TREATMENT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 63) Nelson M., Browne R., Asboe D., Gilleece Y., Atkins M., Gazzard B. In recent months we have seen an epidemic of acute hepatitis C, probably sexually transmitted with individuals reporting unsafe sex and higher rate of recent syphilis infection. High percentage of individuals seroconvert spontaneously. Treatment response to interferon is lower than in HIV negative population.
64	F12/4 - INFLUENCE OF HEPATITIS C COINFECTION ON HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION WITHIN THE EUROSIDA COHORT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 64) Rockstroh J.1, Mocroft A.2, Soriano V.3, Tural C.4, Losso M.5, Reiss P.6, Machala L.7, Kirk O.8, Ledergerber B.9, Lundgren J.D.8, for the EuroSIDA study group 1/3 of HIV-infected patients in the EuroSIDA Cohort are coinfected with HCV. HCV-coinfection doesn't influence virological and immunologic response to HAART. HCV-positive patients however, experience a higher mortality rate due to liver disease related causes.
65	F12/5 - SURVIVAL IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS FOLLOWING LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IS INFLUENCED BY VIRAL CO-INFECTION: THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF HCV INFECTION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 65) Norris S.2, Taylor C.1,Mc Donald C.1, O'Grady J.2, Portmann B.C.2, Knisely A.S.2., Bowles M.2, Muiesan P.2, Rela M.2, Heaton N.2 Long-term outcome of LT in HIV-infected patients with HBV or other causes of chronic liver disease indicates that this is an acceptable therapeutic option for these patients. However, the long-term prognosis of HCV-HIV co-infected patients must remain guarded.
66	F14/1 - PROTECTION OF MACAQUES FROM SHIV BY DNA AND RECOMBINANT FOWLPOXVIRUS VACCINES: PHENOTYPE AND DYNAMICS OF THE T-CELL IMMUNE RESPONSE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 66) Stratov I.1, Dale C.J.1, De Rose R.1, Chea S.1, Purcell D.F.J.1, Ramshaw I.A.2, Thomson S.2, Boyle D.B.3, Coupar B.3, Ramsay A.J.4, French R.5, Law M.5, Emery S.5, Cooper D.A.5, Kent S.J.1, for the Australia Thai HIV Vaccine Conso Our 2xDNA+1xrFPV prime/boost vaccine regimen elicits strong, early CD4+ followed by CD8+ responses, facilitating control of pathogenic SHIV challenge in macaques. These characteristics are potentially advantageous for a candidate vaccine against HIV.
67	F14/2 - THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION WITH MVA-HIV-1 NEF ELICITS NEF SPECIFIC T-HELPER CELL RESPONSES IN CHRONICALLY HIV-1 INFECTED INDIVIDUALS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 67) Cosma A.1, Nagaraj R.1, Bühler S.2, Hinkula J.3, Busch D.H.4, Sutter G.1,2, Goebel F.D.5, Erfle V.1,2 The strong Nef specific CD4 T-cell response elicited by MVA-nef vaccination provides a rationale for immunotherapeutic interventions in HIV infected individuals with suppressed CD4 T-cell responses. Moreover, the CD4 T-cell response elicited was comparable with that usually detected in long-term non-progressor (LTNP) suggesting an improvement in the immunological status of the vaccinated subjects. Furthermore, the new putative CD4 epitopes described here hold promise as important tools for epitope-based vaccination.
68	F14/3 - CD4 COUNT INCREASES IN PATIENTS WITH CD4 COUNTS OF 50-300 TREATED WITH INTERMITTENT IL-2: IMMUNOLOGIC RESULTS FROM THE STUDY OF IL-2 IN COMBINATION WITH ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (SILCAAT) TRIAL European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 68) Levy Y., Mitsuyasu R., Tambusi G., Clotet B., Cahn P., Routy J.P., Cooper D., Hengge U., Levi G., Lange J., Emery S., Darbyshire J., Lundgren J., Lane C., Neaton J., for the SILCAAT scientific committee In the setting of a large trial, patients with low CD4 counts (50-299) receiving IL-2 showed a substantial (60%) increase in CD4 counts after 1 year. Whether or not these increases translate to clinical benefit will be determined through the long-term follow-up of this cohort.
69	F16/1 - ARE THE EARLY MANIFESTATIONS OF LIPODYSTROPHY PREDICTED BY SERUM TRIGLYCERIDE LEVEL IN PATIENTS RECEIVING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY? European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 69) Galli M., Cozzi-Lepri A., Ridolfo A.L., Cappelletti A., Morelli P., Gianelli E., Piazza M., Mazzotta F., Montoni M., Tirelli U., Cargnel A., d'Arminio Monforte A., Gervasoni C., Moroni M., for the LipoICoNa Study Group, Italy Triglyceride levels seem to predict early LA manifestations in first-line treated patients while specific antivirals appear to play a minor role. Factors associated with LH are confirmed to be different from factors predicting LA.
70	F16/2 - GYNECOMASTIA IN HIV-INFECTED MEN UNDERGOING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY: ASSOCIATION WITH EFAVIRENZ AND DIDANOSINE TREATMENT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 70) Mira J.A.1, Lozano F.2, Santos J.3, Ramayo E.4, Terrón A.5, León E.2, Palacios R.3, Macías J.1,2, García-García J.A.1, Pineda J.A.1,2 The frequency of gynecomastia in HIV-infected men undergoing HAART is considerable. Our findings show that the gynecomastia has a relationship with efavirenz and didanosine treatment. There is no association with hormone abnormalities.
71	F16/3 - LIVER MITOCHONDRIAL ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH HCV-MONOINFECTION, HIV-HCV-COINFECTION, AND ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN A COHORT OF 68 ADULT PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 71) Calza L., Verucchi G., Biagetti C., Attard L., Costigliola P., Manfredi R., Chiodo F. In our study, mitochondrial alterations were more common in HIV-HCV-coinfected subjects, and HCV genotype 1b was more frequently associated with inclusions or crystals.
72	F16/4 - INCREASE IN MITOCHONDRIAL DNA IN PBMCS AND IMPROVEMENT OF LIPIDIC PROFILE AND LACTATE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH LIPOATROPHY WHEN STAVUDINE IS SWITCHED TO TENOFOVIR European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 72) Ribera E.1, Sauleda S.2, Paradiñeiro J.C.1, Tejeda M.2, Andreu A.L.3, Marti R.3, Garcia-Arumi E.3, Crespo M.1, Falcó V.1, Ocaña I.1, Pahissa A.1 Switching from stavudine to tenofovir was well-tolerated and virological and immunological success was maintained. Patients showed improvement of the lipidic profile, decrease in lactate levels and amelioration of mtDNA depletion in PBMCs.
73	F16/5 - SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF DIDANOSINE COMBINED WITH TENOFOVIR DF IN AMBULATORY HIV-1 INFECTED ADULT INDIVIDUALS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 73) Young B.1, Baker R.2, Wood K.2, and the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) Investigators HD ddI/TDF is associated with more frequent drug-related toxicity and frequent treatment discontinuation. By contrast, LD ddI/TDF appears generally well tolerated in this cohort of HIV infected persons.
74	1.1/1 - HIGH LEVELS OF PRIMARY ANTIRETROVIRAL GENOTIPIC RESISTANCE AND B/F RECOMBINANTS IN SANTOS SP, BRAZIL European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 74) Sucupira M.C.1,2, Tescarollo G.1, Janini M.1, Caseiro M.M.1, Alves K.3, Sabino E.C.4, Castelo-Filho A.1, Page-Shafer K.3, Diaz R.S.1 Primary resistance was extremely high in this population, including the presence of MDR strains, probably due to the long term use of antiretrovirals in this area of Brazil. A high prevalence of HIV-1 B/F recombinant strains was detected.
75	1.1/2 - THE IDU-A GENETIC VARIANT PREDOMINATES AMONG NEWLY DIAGNOSED HIV-1 CASES TRANSMITTED HETEROSEXUALLY IN RUSSIA European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 75) Sukhanova A.L.1, Kazennova E.V.2, Bobkova M.R.1, Selimova L.M.2, Pokrovsky V.V.1, Bobkov A.F.2 The IDU-A predominates among newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infections transmitted heterosexually in Russia demonstrating expansion of IDU-A into other risk groups. In contrast, HIV-1 epidemic among MHSM is spreading separately from that among IDUs and heterosexual infections.
76	1.1/3 - INCREASING PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 NON-B SUBTYPES IN GREECE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 76) Paraskevis D.1, Magiorkinis E.1, Katsoulidou A.1, Smpiliris M.1, Ntziora F.1, Magiorkinis G.1, Gargalianos P.2, Lazanas M.3, Paparizos V.4, Panos G.5, Antoniadou A.6, Karafoulidou A.7, Hatzakis A.1, for the Hellenic Multicenter Study on HIV-1 Heterogeneity The prevalence of non-B subtypes in Greece is higher than other Southern European countries, and it has significantly increased the recent years.
77	1.1/4 - HIV-1 B/F RECOMBINANT FORMS IN SOUTHERN PORTUGAL: IDENTIFICATION OF A CLUSTER OF HIV-1 TRANSMISSION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 77) Abecasis A.1, Carvalho A.P.1, Vera J.2, Cabanas J.1, Diogo I.1, Gonçalves M.F.1, Lobo M.C.1, Gomes P.1, Camacho R.1 In spite of having sequenced only part of the pol gene, data analysis suggests that several unique B/F recombinant forms are circulating in Southern Portugal and a cluster of transmission with a common recombinant form was identified. Further studies are required to evaluate the possibility of a new CRF_BF.
78	1.1/5 - MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV-1 INFECTION IN SOUTHERN PORTUGAL: RESULTS OF A 92 WEEKS SURVEY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 78) Carvalho A.P., Gomes P., Diogo I., Gonçalves M.F., Cabanas J., Abecasis A., Lobo M.C., Camacho R. A predominance of subtype G infections in patients diagnosed more recently or vertically infected was observed. The higher rate of women infected with subtype G can eventually be linked to an increased heterosexual transmission of this HIV-1 variant in Portugal. Due to it's implications on epidemiology, laboratory tests accuracy, natural history, or treatment response, this situation must be monitored by Portuguese Health Authorities.
79	1.2/1 - CC-CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR 5 (CCR5) GENOTYPING WITHOUT DNA EXTRACTION BY LIGHTCYCLER REAL-TIME PCR European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 79) Nischalke H.D., Nattermann J., Lichterfeld M., Woitas R., Rockstroh J., Sauerbruch T., Spengler U. We have established a new real-time PCR protocol, which enables fast, cost-saving, and reliable CCR5 genotyping.
80	1.2/2 - THE SCORPION VENOM MODEL OF AIDS : DEFENSIN ALPHA IS HOMOLOGUS TO HIV 1 NEF IN THREE DIMENSIONS (3D). TACRINE WITH SYLIMARIN AS A RESCUE FOR FAILURE AND HIV 1 CHEMORESISTANCE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 80) Tran M.K.G.1, Caprani A. (2 ), Kirkiacharian S.3, Nguyen D.X.3, Maurisson G.4 In conclusion, Nef and alpha defensin superimposed on each other in 3D, suggesting that the alpha defensin protection is a competitive inhibition with Nef. Thus the scorpion venom model of AIDS (Tran M.K.G., 1989) is confirmed and this strongly boosts the clinical use of tacrine. A case of multitherapy arrest with cytomegalovirus was switched to tacrine associated with silymarin with T4 increase in one month from 80 to 120 and a fall of viral load from 150.000 to 40.000; the hepatoprotection conferred by sylimarin permits the avoidance of any severe liver damage & the tacrine efficiency permitted at least a therapeutic window with possible resensibilisation.
81	1.2/3 - THE EFFECT OF PHENOTYPIC HIV PROPERTIES UPON NON-SPECIFIC SYSTEM OF INFLAMMATORY REACTIONS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 81) Papuashvili M. The combined definition of ITI and UTI lets to estimate the prognosis of disease. The slump decreasing of ITI level in serum at the terminal stages (C1-C3) of HIV-infection may indicate to exhaustion of organism protecting resources and leads to catastrophic reduction of system efficiency with inflammatory reactions. Recently we have shown that a low production of another serine protease inhibitor (alpha1-antitrypsin) was connected with the progression of HIV-infection.
82	1.2/4 - DEVELOPMENT OF A RETROVIRAL VECTOR FOR PROTECTION OF T CELLS FROM HIV INFECTION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 82) Martinius H.1, Egelhofer M.1, Brandenburg G.1, Schult-Dietrich P.1, Baum C.2, Alexandrov A.3, von Laer D.1 In conclusion, the antiviral potency of M87 was increased and the potential immunogenicity decreased to a level that warrants introduction of the optimized vector M87o into the clinic.
83	1.4/1 - REPLICATIVE FITNESS OF HIV-1 VARIANTS AFTER SERIAL PASSAGES IN THE PRESENCE OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS IN MT-4 CELLS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 83) Selimova L., Khanina T., Galegov G. If extrapolated to the clinical practice, these results indicate that all drug cocktails were effective inhibitors of HIV-1 replication because virus variants with high replicative activity were not emerged.
84	2.1/1 - THE HIV T CELL EPITOPE P24 AA14-21 STABILIZES HLA-E EXPRESSION RESULTING IN IMPAIRED CYTOTOXIC FUNCTION OF NATURAL KILLER CELLS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 84) Nattermann J.1, Nischalke H.D.1, Feldmann G.1, Hofmeister V.2, Rockstroh J.1, Weiß E.2, Sauerbruch T.1, Spengler U.1 Our data suggest that the T cell epitope HIV p24 aa14-21 can alternatively bind to HLA-E, thus strengthening interactions of HLA-E with inhibitory CD94/NKG2A receptors. This dual recognition of a major T cell epitope may contribute to reduced NK cell activity in HIV infection.
85	2.1/2 - EFFECTS ON HIV-1 REPLICATION IN MONOCYTIC CELLS BY HMGB-1 European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 85) Nowak P., Abdurahman S., Treuitiger C.-J., Andersson J., Sonnerborg A. HMGB-1 plays a complex role in HIV-1 infection and our data suggest that release of HMGB-1 interferes with viral replication in monocytes but not in lymphocytes.
86	2.1/3 - CELL SURFACE EXPRESSION OF CD81 IS DOWNREGULATED AT THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL/TRANSLATIONAL LEVEL ON CD4+ LYMPHOCYTES IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 86) Meroni L., Milazzo L., Ammannato S., Mazzucchelli R., Manganaro D., Galli M., Riva A. CD81 downregulation on CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV-1 positive patients might determine a disregulation of the immune system and favour acceleration of HCV disease because of a reduction of γIFN production and weakness of CTL specific response. Upregulation of CD81 mRNA indicates that downregulation of CD81 protein occurs at the post transcriptional/translational level.
87	2.3/1 - HIGHLY PURIFIED N-ACETYL C14-MANNOSE-AMINE [14C-NACMAN] HIV-1 - A TOOL FOR STUDY OF SOME ASPECTS OF NEUTRALIZATION PROCESS IN HIV-INFECTION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 87) Gavazova R.1, Ivanov S.1., Ivanov D.1, Antonova M.1, Argirova R.2 We created a tool - 14C-NacMan-HIV-1 to study a number of aspects of neutralization process in HIV-1 infection under experimental conditions.
88	2.7/1 - IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION ON TREATMENT OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH PHOSPHAZID, DIDANOSINE AND SAQUINAVIR/RITONAVIR ONCE DAILY IN RUSSIA European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 88) Sitdykova Y.R., Serebrovskaya L.V., Kravchenko A.V. After 24 weeks of therapy viral load significantly decreased, CD4+ T-cell count and CD4\CD8 ratio increased. We also observed a decline in CD3+HLA-DR+ cells (activated) and a rise in CD19 cells. CD16(56) level didn't change.
89	2.7/2 - GENITAL HERPES SIMPLEX AS AN IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION SYNDROME FOLLOWING INITIATION OF HAART European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 89) Thevarajan I., Chiu C., O'Donahue N., Fuller C., Easterbrook P. Immune reconstitution with HAART result in worsening of HSV particularly in Black Africans.
90	3.1/1 - GENOTYPIC ANTIRETROVIRAL RESISTANCE AFTER FIRST PI FAILURE: PRELIMINARY DATA OF THE BRAZILIAN NETWORK FOR GENOTYPIC RESISTANCE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 90) Diaz R.S.1, Souza I.E.L.1, Fusuma E.1, Arakaki D.2, Dantas M.C.2, Tanuri A.3, Lima J.N.2 TAM leaded to a high prevalence of cross resistance to NRTI, and to Tenofovir. Resistance to DDI was rare. We found higher prevalence of efavirenz sensitivity compared to nevirapine. Half o patients failing to nelfinavir with limited chances of salvage by other PI, and relative high prevalence of cross resistance to lopinavir was found. The Brazilian Genotyping Network, together with free universal access of ARV and viral load/CD4 networks, may constitute an advance for AIDS patients management in Brazil.
91	3.1/2 - CHARACTERIZING EVOLUTION OF PROTEASE INHIBITOR (PI) RESISTANCE DURING LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) TREATMENT AND STUDY OF THE SALVAGE OF LOPINAVIR RESISTANCE (SOKRATES TRIALS) European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 91) Cernohous P., King M., Kempf D., Travers N., Moseley J., da Silva B., Brun S. Development of PI resistance when LPV/r is used as initial PI therapy has not been observed to date in clinical trials and is likely a rare event based on the sample size evaluated. Results from the surveillance program support these observations.
92	3.1/3 - TRANSMITTED RESISTANT MUTATIONS IN A COHORT OF RECENT SEROCONVERTERS IN ITALY: TEMPORAL PATTERN AND PREVALENCE ACCORDING TO HIV-1 SUBTYPE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 92) Riva C.1, Violin M.1, Cozzi-Lepri A.2, Velleca R.1, Forbici F.3, Novati R.4, Castelli F.5, Bonasso M.6, Colangeli V.7, Rezza G.8, Ippolito G.3, Perno C.F. (3,9), d'Arminio Monforte A.1, Moroni M.1, Balotta C.1, for the I.Co.N.A. Study Group These data show no evidence for an increase of resistant mutations over the period 1996-2001 in seroconverters in Italy. A tendency for an increase of patients infected with non-B clades were observed in heterosexuals and women. Minor PR mutations at position 10 and 36, that may influence the virological outcome during HAART, are significantly more represented in non-B compared to B subtypes.
93	3.1/4 - TEMPORAL PATTERNS IN THE RATE OF TRANSMITTED RESISTANCE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 93) Green H.1, Pozniak A.2, Porter K.1, on behalf of the UK Collaborative Group on HIV Drug Resistance and the UK Register of HIV Seroconverters The prevalence of resistance in untreated patients appears to be stabilising. Little difference is observed in prevalence of resistance when comparing drug naïve individuals with a smaller group of seroconverters. This suggests that surveillance of chronically infected drug naïve patients may be useful for monitoring transmitted drug resistance.
94	3.1/5 - TREND IN GENOTYPIC RESISTANCE AMONG PATIENTS FOLLOWED IN A LARGE COMMUNITY CLINIC: CONSEQUENCES ON DRUG RESISTANCE (DR) TRANSMISSION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 94) Thomas R.1, Machouf N.1,2, Routy J.P.2, Trottier B.1, Wainberg M.3 Despite an increase in the prevalence of resistance, the overall level of viremia has decease. The decrease fitness of drug resistant mutations and the lower level of viremia may explain the decrease of drug resistance transmission observed in Montreal since 2001.
95	3.1/6 - THE RISING PREVALENCE OF ART RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN NAÏVE PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS IN A UK COHORT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 95) MacRae E.1, Loveday C.1, Johnson M.2, and on behalf of the ICVC Collaborative Research Group Mutations involving all 3 drug classes prior to ART are evident here. Surveillance is continuing.
96	3.1/7 - HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION OF NNRTI RESISTANCE BETWEEN TWO PATIENTS WITH RECENT HIV INFECTION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 96) Kinloch S.1, MacRae E.2, Johnson M.A.1, Loveday C.2 Horizontal transmission of K103N occurred in these patients naïve to HAART. Incidence of NNRTI resistance should continue to be routinely monitored in recently-infected patients as it has major implications in the choice of first-line therapy.
97	3.2/1 - NNRTI RESISTANCE MUTATION PATTERN OF NON-B HIV-1 STRAINS AMONG PATIENTS WHO HAVE FAILED ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 97) Lehtola-Vanhanen L.1, Zetterberg V.2, Sutinen J.1, Liitsola K.2, Suni J.3, Salminen M.O.2, Ristola M.1 Statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of mutations K103N and Y190A/S between subtypes for patients known to have received nevirapine (NVP) as their NNRTI treatment. K103N in subtype B and Y190A/S in non-B subtypes were the mutations most frequently found. It seems that NVP exposure selects for different resistance mutation patterns in patients infected with either B or non-B HIV-1 strains.
98	3.2/2 - IN SILICO APPROACH TO SUPPORT PREDICTION OF HIV-1 PROTEASE DRUG RESISTANCE POSITIONS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 98) Zimmer J.-M.1,2, Boutonnet N.3, Lasters I.3, De Maeyer M.4, Vandamme A.-M.2, Schmit J.-C.1 The identified amino acid positions being more prevalent in treated patients were exclusively located in proximity of the HIV-1 PR active site. Therefore, these positions are most likely involved in resistance through alterations in ligand-protein interactions.
99	3.2/3 - MUTATIONAL PATTERNS AND QUANTITATIVE PHENOTYPIC RESISTANCE PROFILE ASSOCIATED WITH ALLELES Q/E, N AND R AT POSITION 219 IN REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE IN A LARGE DATASET OF RECENT HIV-1 CLINICAL ISOLATES European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 99) Van Houtte M.1, McKenna P.1, Lecocq P.1, Bacheler L.2 K219N and K219R are more prevalent in certain NAM combinations and are associated with the highest levels of NRTI-resistance. These variants should be considered when evaluating drug resistance.
100	3.3/1 - UNUSUAL MUTATIONS AT HIV-1 RT CODON 103 CAUSE NNRTI RESISTANCE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 100) Harrigan P.R.1,2, Wynhoven B.1, Montaner J.1,2, Pattery T.3, McKenna P.3, Vingeroets J.4, Bacheler L.5 Variants at position 103 other than K103N are relatively rare in clinical isolates. Some (including K103S, H, and T) confer decreased susceptibility to NNRTIs. K103S has increased > 4 fold since 1998.
101	3.3/2 - COST/LABOR STUDY OF LINE PROBE ASSAY AND DNA SEQUENCING FOR DETECTION OF HIV-1 DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 101) Goubau P.1, Kabamba Mukadi B.1, Decruyenaere F.1, Buyens C.1, Bodéus M.1, Laurent C.2, Dewaele K.3 Direct sequencing homebrew method and Versant HIV Resistance Assay System give concordant results for most clinical isolates. Versant HIV Resistance Assay System is rapid, more sensitive for the detection of mixed virus populations but detects a limited number of mutations while sequencing has a low reagent cost but much hands-on time.
102	3.3/3 - EXAMINATION OF THE APPLICABILITY OF THE ABBOTT M 1000&trade' AUTOMATED EXTRACTION SYSTEM FOR PREPARATION OF RNA FOR THE CELERA DIAGNOSTICS VIROSEQ(TM) HIV-1 GENOTYPING SYSTEM European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 102) Hackett J.Jr.1, Swanson P.1, Kowal R.1, Holzmayer V.1, Devare S.G.1, Marlowe N.2, Gundling G.J.1 These data demonstrate the feasibility of using m 1000-extracted RNA for both viral load analysis and HIV genotyping. Use of the fully automated m 1000 System has the potential to significantly enhance throughput while reducing labor costs.
103	3.4/1 - PRIMARY RESISTANCE IN HIV CHILEAN PATIENTS: GENOTYPIC ASSAY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 103) Afani A.1, Meyer A.1, Ayala M.1, Acevedo W.1, Cabrera R.2 This is the first study of primary resistance in HIV Chileans patients. Primary mutations associated with NRTI, NNRTI, or PI resistance were not found in antiretroviral-naïve adults. Secondary mutations were identify in this group, which could contribute to the resistance in the future.
104	3.4/2 - EXTENSIVE ANALYSIS OF SUBSTITUTIONS IN THE HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE GENE FROM A COHORT OF HEAVILY PRE-TREATED PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 104) Torti C.1, Tirelli V.1, Quiros-Roldan E.1, Scudeller L.2, Lo Caputo S.3, Moretti F.1, Mazzotta F.3, Carosi G.1 High prevalence of newly recognised and non canonical substitutions at resistance positions in the RT have been found, implying that resistance may have been missed by current genotypic rules. Further studies are urgently needed to investigate the possible clinical impact of these genotype variations as this may change current interpretation algorithms.
105	3.4/3 - COMPARISON OF QUANTITATIVE PLASMA HIV-1 RNA ASSAYS IN PATIENTS WITH CLADE B AND NON-CLADE B SUBTYPES European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 105) Vardinon N., Yust I., Sela Y., Werner B., Zeldis I., Zackut V., Burke M. In regions where non-clade B subtypes are prevalent, it is essential to employ a method of viral load assessment detects all clades.
106	3.4/4 - PREVALENCE, PATTERN, CONCORDANCE AND IMPACT OF HIV-1 GENOTYPIC (GR) AND PHENOTYPIC RESISTANCE (PR) TESTING IN ROUTINE CLINICAL CARE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 106) Hirsch H.H.1, Hamy F.2, Sendi P.1, Kaufmann G.1, Klimkait T.2, Battegay M.1 In clinical routine care for HIV-patients failing ART, GR and PR provide largely concordant results. However, active combinations according to phenotypic testing may be associated with a better outcome, particularly in heavily pretreated patients. This data requires validation in cohort studies.
107	3.4/5 - NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGUE MUTATIONS (NAMS) COMPROMISE RESCUE/SALVAGE OF DUAL NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR (NRTI) TREATMENT FAILURES WITH DUAL CLASS REGIMENS CONTAINING NEW NRTIS AND A PROTEASE INHIBITOR European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 107) Shivaprakash M.1, Santos B.2, Rosenthal C.3, Szumiloski J.1, Condra J.1, for BASIC study team The presence of NAMs at the institution of rescue/salvage with a regimen consisting of indinavir + nucleoside analogues compromised treatment efficacy. This was especially evident in the presence of T215, M41, and D67 substitutions when the nucleoside switches retained a thymidine analogue, i.e. ZDV to d4T or d4T to ZDV. In these situations, the protease inhibitor component of the rescue regimen appeared to primarily account for treatment effect.
108	3.4/6 - CONCORDANCE OF RESISTANCE ALGORITHM INTERPRETATIONS IMPROVED OVER THE LAST TWO YEARS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 108) Schmit J.C.1, Gonzalez D.2, Boulmé R.2 Algorithms largely agreed on tenofovir interpretations (0.81 resp. 0.77) in 2003. Adding the Rega algorithm to the analysis in 2003 did not change significantly Ks, except for tenofovir (from 0.81 to 0.48, I=S). Concordance between interpretations has improved, mainly due to a better interpretation of TAMs and of the never PI lopinavir. However, didanosine and stavudine resistance remains problematic, and agreement for abacavir is still moderate.
109	3.4/7 - ONE YEAR FOLLOW UP OF AN ACUTE HIV-INFECTION CAUSED BY A MULTI DRUG RESISTANT HIV-1 SUBTYPE B STRAIN: ANALYSIS OF THE COURSE OF VIRAL LOAD, RESISTANCE PATTERN, AND CD4-CELL COUNT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 109) Berg T.1, Schlote F.2, Neifer S.1 The level of resistance to the different drugs varied between high and low. The course of viral load and CD4+-cell count differed slightly: to 16 copies/µl with 421 CD4+-cells and t13month 36 copies/µl with 493 DD4+-cells. We could show the transmission of a replication competent MDR virus via sexual transmission. The spread of MDR viruses could undermine the success of HAART and is a real threat for the future of HIV-positive patients.
110	3.4/8 - GENOTYPIC RESISTANCE PROFILES AT INITIAL REBOUND DURING THERAPY WITH ZIDOVUDINE + LAMIVUDINE + ABACAVIR IN ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT naïve HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 110) Marcelin A.G.1, Bugnon F.2, Astriti M.1, Ferré V.2, Boubezari I.1, Agher R.1, Katlama C.1, Calvez V.1, Raffi F.2 This study confirms that virological blips or failures observed in naïve patients receiving zidovudine + lamivudine + abacavir were mostly associated with the emergence of WT viruses or M184V mutation alone.
111	3.4/9 - UNIVERSAL PROTEASE ASSOCIATED MUTATIONS (UPAMS) ARE RESPONSABLE FOR LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R)-BASED HAART-FAILURE - ANALYSIS OF 79 PATIENTS BASED ON GENOTYPING European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 111) Postel N.1, Wolf E.2, Ruemmelein N.1, Buchberger A.2, Jaegel-Guedes E.1,2, Jaeger H.1,2,3 Combinations of at least 5 LPV-ass.-mutations lead to reduced efficacy of LPV/r-based HAART. UPAMs are significantly associated with virological failure in a LPV/r-based therapy.
112	3.4/10 - RESISTANCE ANALYSIS HELPS TO SPARE ANTIRETROVIRAL SUBSTANCES IN PRETREATED PATIENTS - SUBANALYSIS OF THE RADATA-PROJECT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 112) Plettenberg A., Meyer P., Graefe K., Stoehr A., Lorenzen T. In the era of multiple drugs available it becomes more difficult to choose adequate ART regimens in pretreated patients. One instrument may be the resistance analysis. Evaluation shows that experts with access to RA recommend not more susceptible but less resistant substances in ART regimens. This may not only decrease costs of ART by sparing inactive substances, but also reduce pill burden and side effects.
113	3.4/11 - THE DEGREE OF VIRAL SUPPRESSION PREDICTS THE PROBABILITY OF ACCUMULATING NEW DRUG-MUTATIONS AT VIROLOGICAL FAILURE TO THE FIRST PI-HAART REGIMEN European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 113) d'Arminio-Monforte A.1, Cozzi-Lepri A.2, Balotta C.1, Velleca R.1, Gori C.3, Antinori A.3, Angarano F.4, Mazzotta F.5, Cadeo G.P.6, Maserati R.7, Perno C.F.3, for the ICONA Study Group >1/4 pts failing first HAART do not accumulate new mutations. Pts experiencing <1-log10CI reduction of VL at VF have lower chance of harbouring resistant viruses, thus suggesting that a moderate rather than low pharmacological pressure (partial adherence) is a factor favouring development of mutations.
114	4.1/1 - PHARMACOKINETIC (PK) STUDY OF SAQUINAVIR HARD GELS CAPS/ RITONAVIR (SQV-HGC/ RTV ) IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS: 1600/100MG QD COMPARED TO 2000/100 QD AND 1000/100MG BID European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 114) Autar R.S.1, Ananworanich J.1,2, Apateerapong W.1, Sankote S.1, Hill A.3, Hirschel B.4, Cooper D.5, Lange J.1,2, Phanuphak P.1, Ruxrungtham K.1, Burger D.6 SQV when dosed 2000/100mg qd or 1000/100mg bid shows better PK parameters than 1600/100mg qd.
115	4.1/2 - ONCE-DAILY ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY WITH THE BOOSTED PI SAQUINAVIR/RITONAVIR COMBINATION (1600 /100) IN HIV+ NAÏVE PATIENTS. A PHARMACOKINETIC SUBSTUDY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 115) Duque B.1, Frías J.1, González-Garcia J.2, Guerra P.1, Aguilar M.1, Lorenzo A.2, Sanz J.3, Estrada V.4 Despite high variability SQV/r 1600mg administred once a day reach drug plasma concentrations over CI50 for wild-type HIV during the whole dosing interval.
116	4.1/3 - SOFT-GEL SAQUINAVIR AND LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR DOUBLE BOOSTED PI REGIMEN: A PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 116) Duque B.1, Carcas A.J.1, González-García J.2, Arribas J.R.2, Aguilar M.1, Peña J.M.2, Casinello A.1, Frías-Iniesta J.1 Total exposure to saquinavir in this regimen is similar to previously reported for this SQV schedule and C12h were in all patients above the theoretical MIC for HIV. The association of two protease inhibitors pharmacoenhanced with ritonavir may be adequate for those patients with previous treatment failures.
117	4.1/4 - ENFUVIRTIDE PHARMACOKINETIC-PHARMACODYNAMIC (PK-PD) RELATIONSHIP European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 117) Zhang X.1, Buss N.2, Salgo M.1, Patel I.H.1 90 mg BID dosage is optimal in combination with other active ARVs. In virtual monotherapy increasing the dose would have a minimal additional impact on efficacy.
118	4.1/5 - AMPRENAVIR PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 118) Boffito M. 1,3, Gatti G.2,4, Almond L.3, De Pascalis C.4, Bonora S.1, Bassetti D.4, Back D.3, Di Perri G.1 The overall unbound % of APV in vivo is consistent with in vitro data. However, we here show a [C]-dependent binding with a higher unbound % at 2h compared to through.
119	4.1/6 - INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF FOOD UPON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF SPD754 European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 119) Holdich T., Dennis K. There is no impact of food upon the pharmacokinetics of SPD754. Single doses of 1200mg are well tolerated.
120	4.2/1 - IMPACT OF DRUG LEVELS AND BASELINE GENOTYPIC RESISTANCE ON THE VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO AMPRENAVIR/RITONAVIR SALVAGE THERAPY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 120) Valer L., Gonzalez de Requena D., de Mendoza C., Martin-Carbonero L., Gonzalez-Lahoz J., Soriano V. HIV genotyping might help to predict which patients would benefit from a rescue intervention based on APV/rit. In any case, individuals previously treated with lopinavir may have less chances of VR.
121	4.2/2 - THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING (TDM) IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS ENROLLED IN THE GENOPHAR STUDY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 121) Bossi P.1, Peytavin G.2, Lamotte C.2, Ait-Mohand H.1, Bonmarchand M.3, Ktortza N.1, Simon A.3, Delaugerre C.4, Calvez V.4, Bricaire F.1, Costagliola D.5, Katlama C.1 72/126 patients (57%) had at W24 adequate Cmin and VL<200 cps/ml. The benefit of TDM in association with GRT and expert advice to optimize therapy appeared crucial in the GENOPHAR study.
122	4.2/3 - INTRA-INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY IN NEVIRAPINE PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 122) Almond L.M.1, Boffito M.1,2, Hoggard P.G.1, Bonora S.2, Raiteri R.2, Sinicco A.2, Di Perri G.2, Back D.J.1 The variability in NVP plasma concentrations within the same patient over time was less than the variability between patients. These data support the use of TDM, although highlight the potential importance of repeated sampling, particularly in patients whose concentrations fall near the boundaries of target concentrations.
123	4.2/4 - CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT FACTORS TO THE VARIABILITY IN EFAVIRENZ PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 123) Pereira S.A.1, Côrte-Real R.M.1, Branco T.2, Lampreia F.2, Germano I.2, Caixas U.2, Papoila A.L.3, Monteiro E.C.2 The intra-individual variability found, supports efavirenz as a candidate to TDM. Differences in the time of sample collection may contribute to the high interindividual variability observed.
124	4.2/5 - A POPULATION APPROACH TO STUDY THE INFLUENCE OF HCV OR HBV COINFECTION ON NEVIRAPINE PHARMACOKINETICS IN HIV-1 PATIENTS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 124) Billaud E.1, Dailly E.1, Reliquet V.1, Breurec S.1, Perré P.2, Léautez S.2, Raffi F.1 The factor which indicates a significant alteration of NVP PK is not HCV or HBV coinfection but rather ASAT level. This result suggests that monitoring of NVP concentrations could be mandatory particularly if ASAT level is 1.5 ULN.
125	4.2/6 - IS LOPINAVIR GENOTYPIC INHIBITORY QUOTIENT (GIQ) A USEFUL DRUG-MONITORING TOOL IN CLINICAL PRACTICE? European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 125) Chantret M., Chapplain J.M., Tribut O., Maillard A., Arvieux C., Michelet C., Bentué-Ferrer D., Ruffault A. For therapeutic drug monitoring, GIQ could help in adapting the lopinavir target concentration in order to achieve long-term undetectable VL, especially in genotypic resistant patients.
126	4.2/7 - THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING - LESSONS FROM FOUR YEARS OF RUNNING A CLINICAL SERVICE IN THE UK European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 126) Gibbons S.E., Robinson L., Tjia J.F., Back D.J., Khoo S.H. The uptake of TDM in the UK has increased considerably since 1999. Despite this, there is still a lack of clinical studies to assess how TDM should be best utilised and in which patient groups. In the absence of these data, the collection of post reporting patient outcomes assumes critical importance.
127	4.2/8 - EVALUATION OF AN ELISA METHOD FOR MEASURING AMPRENAVIR IN PLASMA European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 127) Montagna M.1, Bastiani E.2, Cusato M.1, Benedetti F.3, Rinaldi S.2, Donadel E.2, Berti F.3, Meroni V.4, Regazzi M.1 For routine use in clinical laboratories its performance should be carefully evaluated during extensive use of patient samples that are representative of samples to be routinely assayed.
128	4.2/9 - DETERMINANTS OF ADHERENCE TO HAART IN CLINICAL ROUTINE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 128) Göbels K., Oette M., Feldt T., Kroidl A., Hemker J., Häussinger D. We found a good correlation between self reported adherence and unscheduled therapeutic drug monitoring. Of patients with good self reported adherence there is still a proportion of 13% with suboptimal drug levels. Thus, single unscheduled therapeutic drug monitoring might be a more reliable tool to evaluate effective drug intake and absorption than self reported adherence. In contrast, low self-reported adherence is a good predictor of low drug bioavailability. In conclusion, unscheduled therapeutic drug monitoring may be a good and cost-effective guidance for clinicians to optimize HAART.
129	4.3/1 - CLINICAL AND PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN METHADONE AND NELFINAVIR (NEMESIA STUDY) European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 129) Marco A.1, Cadafalch J.2, Pedrol E.3, Valls I.1, Fuster M.2, Soler A.3, Teixidó N.1, Queraltó J.M.2 These results show a significant reduction of the MTD plasmatic concentration when coadministred with NFV, however there are not any OWS and there is no need of any significant MTD dose adjustment.
130	4.3/2 - NO OUTSTANDING CLINICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BUPROPION AND ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPHY (AT) European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 130) Ribell M., Vidal I., Deig E., Garcia P., Soler A., Pedrol E. Bupropion therapy has been effective in treating HIV smokers under AT, without leading to adverse effects.
131	4.3/3 - SAFETY OF THE COMBINATION OF TENOFOVIR WITH STANDARD DOSE OF DIDANOSINE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 131) Boix V.1, Lopez-Azkarreta I.1, Seguí J.M.1, Polache J.2, Sanchez-Paya J.3, Merino E.1, Reus S.1, Portilla J.1 Coadministration of tenofovir and didanosine at standard dose has not led to a significant increase of toxicity in our series. At least in the short term didanosine toxicity seems not to be increased. These results do not support didanosine dose reduction when coadministered with tenofovir.
132	4.3/4 - RITONAVIR (RTV) TROUGH PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS (CMIN) IN RTV LOW DOSE BOOSTED PROTEASE INHIBITORS (PI) CONTAINING REGIMEN AND THEIR USE FOR THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS (PTS) European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 132) Lamotte C.1, Reynes J.2, Vildé J.L.3, Yéni P.4, Katlama C.5, Peytavin G.1 The wide interindividual variability of RTV Cmin might result from multiple reciprocal RTV-PI interactions. APV and LPV produced lower RTV Cmin probably due to their induction potency. RTV Cmin might be useful in therapeutic drug monitoring to guide dosage adjustment especially regarding multiple PI combination.
133	4.4/1 - REVERSE-HYBRIDIZATION IN THE DETECTION OF MDR1, CYP2D6, AND CCR5 ALLELIC VARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH RESPONSE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 133) Kriegshaeuser G., Kury F., Oberkanins C. The reverse-hybridization assay described here is rapid and linked into a simple format. It is compatible with large-scale screening programmes, and can easily be modified to include additional loci.
134	4.5/1 - ABNORMALITIES AND INTRAUTERINE EXPOSURE TO EFAVIRENZ European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 134) Khuong-Josses M.-A.1, Jeantils V.2, Delassus J.-L.3, Bentata M.4, Khelil N.1, Taverne B.1, Méchali D.1 In all cases women received efavirenz early in pregnancy. It is not certain that there is a relationship between efavirenz exposure and the described abnormalities. Nevertheless two cases of myelomeningoceles in children with intrauterine exposure to efavirenz have been recently reported . This cases emphasized the necessity of pharmacovigilance notification in all the possible fetal or children abnormalities possibly related to intrauterine exposure to efavirenz.
135	4.5/2 - THE SCOLTA PROJECT: A METHOD FOR DRUG SAFETY MONITORING OF ANTIRETROVIRALS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 135) Martinelli C., Bonfanti P., Quirino T., Ricci E., Magnani C., Cristina G., Migliorini D., Orofino G., Landonio S., Capetti A., Carradori S., Madeddu G., Sfara C., Miccolis S., Vigevani G.M., for the CISAI Group Since October 1, 2002 to April 30, 2003, 487 patients were enrolled, 355 males, mean age 40.7 years (SD±7.4). LPN cohort is made of 355 patients, TNV cohort of 152, IFN cohort of 18 and finally 6 patients are on ATZ-based therapies; 45 subjects are on treatment with two of the investigated drugs and thus belong to two different cohorts. Up to date 55 adverse events have been reported: 45 were in the LPN-treated group and 5, 3 and 2 were reported in patients assuming TNV, IFN and ATZ, respectively. 24 patients (4.9%) discontinued due to toxicity; 20 of these assumed LPN (5.6%) and 2 TNV (1.3%).
136	6.5/1 - GBV-C VIRUS INFECTION AND PROGRESSION OF HIV DISEASE IN A COHORT OF LONG TERM NON PROGRESSORS European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 136) Bagaglio S.1, Ghezzi S.2, Neri F.2, Lodrini S.1, Vicenzi E.2, Santagostino E.3, Carminati G.4, Lazzarin A.1, Poli G.2, Morsica G.1 Maintenance of LTNPs status was related to baseline HIV viremia and CD4 cells count, whereas GBV-C- infection and TREC evaluation were not associated with distinct patterns of HIV disease progression disease. GBV-C infected patients maintained a stable TREC levels during the follow-up.
137	6.9/1 - INCREASED PLASMA INTERLEUKIN-18 IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS: ASSOCIATION WITH HIV VIRAL BURDEN AND ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 137) Jaroszewicz J., Wiercinska-Drapalo A., Prokopowicz D. We confirmed of a relationship between HIV replication and IL-18 concentration, and we showed that antiretroviral treatment and its complications (lipodystrophy syndrome) can affect pro-inflammatory cytokine production, with special respect to IL-18. IL-18 is an important element of HIV-infection pathogenesis.
138	6.10/1 - DISCORDANT PLASMA AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID VIROLOGICAL FAILURES IN AIDS PATIENTS RECEIVING HAART European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 138) Abrescia N.1, Busto A.1, D'Abbraccio M.1, Figoni M.1, Viglietti R.1, Di Nicuolo G.2 The results provide a very strong evidence that plasma and CNS are highly separated compartments with a poor communication between them, coexisting an integrity of blood-brain barrier. Finally, there is a clear evidence that viral mutant strains grow in a compartment and then, spread to the others.
139	6.10/2 - VALIDATION OF A SAMPLING METHOD FOR QUANTIFYING THE VAGINAL HIV-1 VIRAL LOAD European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 139) Gimeno A.1, Portilla J.2, Plazas J.1, Sánchez-Payá J.3, Ochando M.1, Boix V.2, Llopis C.1, Merino E.2, Arroyo E.1, Pardo M.A.1 Direct aspiration of vaginal secretions is a reproducible sampling method to assess HIV-1 nucleic acids and HIV-1 RNA loads by RT-PCR after isolation nucleic acids in silica columns.
140	6.11/1 - THE LOW-ALPHA1-ANTITRYPSIN LEVEL IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS' SERUM AND ITS ROLE IN THE PROGRESS OF DISEASE COURSE European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 140) Papuashvili M. It may be considered the normal ATT concentration remains at the stage of HIV-carrier until the appearance opportunist infections. The patient's clinical condition aggravates as far as this parameter is decreasing. Thus, the low level of ATT concentration in HIV-infected patients' serum in most cases is correlating with progression of HIV-infection and it may be used as a prognostic marker of disease.
141	6.11/2 - ELDERLY AND ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY. AN EMERGING RELATIONSHIP NEEDING CAREFUL ATTENTION European AIDS Conf 2003 Oct 25-29;9:(abstract no. 141) Manfredi R., Calza L., Chiodo F. The increase of mean p's age is an emerging feature of HIV. Its pathoge