Third International Congress Drug Therapy in HIV Infection 3-7 November 1996 Glasgow, UK

TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED PERSONS IN THE LATE 1990s

Kevin M De Cock
Department of Clinical Sciences, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1 E 7HT, United Kingdom

Int Cong Drug Therapy HIV 1996 Nov 3-7;3:Abstract No. 6.3
AIDS 1996, Vol. 10 (Suppl. 2);S5

Approximately one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and almost 8 million new cases and 3 million tuberculosis deaths occur annually. Recent changes in tuberculosis epidemiology have resulted from the international spread of HIV infection, and, in industrialized countries, urban poverty and migration of tuberculosis-infected persons from areas of high endemicity. Because HIV infection increases susceptibility to tuberculosis and reduces its incubation period, HIV infection highlights weaknesses in tuberculosis control; increasing case rates in heavily affected areas, nosocomial transmission, and the emergence of multidrug resistance are examples. RFLP typing has facilitated outbreak investigations and has shown that 30-40% of tuberculosis cases in US cities resulted from recent transmission. Patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis generally respond well to treatment but suffer an increased mortality rate, which mostly results from other HIV-associated problems. Increasing evidence suggests tuberculosis adversely affects the natural history of HIV infection by causing lymphocyte activation and increased virus replication. Vigorous tuberculosis control programmes, greater emphasis on directly observed therapy, prevention of nosocomial transmission, and use of preventive therapy for HIV-infected persons at risk for tuberculosis are required.

Presenting author: Kevin M De Cock

1996-11-03
6.3

Originally published in AIDS Volume 10, Supplement 2 and hosted with permission of the publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 250 Waterloo Road, London, SE1 8RD, UK. Tel: +44 (0)20 7981 0700 Fax: +44 (0) 7981 0701

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