Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:352 (abstract no. Th.D.907)
Arnold W, Bard M; "Being Alive", Los Angeles, CA. USA
OBJECTIVE: To share vital HIV/AIDS information with the community-at-large through trained HIV-positive speakers and to empower the speakers with respect, compassion and an understanding of self-worth. METHODS: Being Alive is an organization in Los Angeles of and for people with AIDS, people with ARC and people who are
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:352 (abstract no. Th.D.906)
Stone D, Riber J, Musevni F, Mukasa V, Rwakaagiri F; The Johns Hopkins University/AIDSCOM, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: Through collaboration of local and international agencies, to produce a dramatic film on AIDS, set in Uganda , which would be used for training purposes in the AIDS in the Private Sector project. METHODOLOGY: Based on research conducted in other African countries on the use of Entertainment for Social Chang
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:352 (abstract no. Th.D.905)
Ostergren W, Meiger C; Life Planning/Health Services, Dallas, Texas, USA
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to track a rural minority, AIDS education program through its 3 stage evolution and assess the efficacy of each stage. METHODS: The program was initiated by a perceptive dermatologist at the onset of the AIDS epidemic. His efforts which created Stage 1 through creation of an Ad H
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:352 (abstract no. Th.D.904)
Mertz SA, Gates J, Mancuso B, Fitzhugh Z; AIDS Education and Training Center for Southern California University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To prepare skilled nurse clinicians to care for patients with HIV disease and to serve as HIV consultants to staff in their home agencies; to increase the number of clinicians caring for HIV-infected patients in the community by recruiting nurses who are in positions to effect the most change in improving th
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:351 (abstract no. Th.D.903)
Varnhagen CK, Svenson LW; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research is to evaluate an AIDS Peer Education program for university students. The program uses undergraduate student educators to lead informal lecture/discussion/demonstration sessions on how AIDS is transmitted, the progression of the disease, and how to prevent it. The evaluation exa
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:351 (abstract no. Th.D.902)
Arrizabalaga C, Garde C, Ugalde A, Cia A, Iribarren JA, Arrizabalaga J; Hospital Na Sa de Aranzazu. Servicio Vasco de Salud-Osakidetza. San Sebastian. Spain
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the first programme in Spain of a home care scheme for Aids patients. METHODS: The programme of home care for Aids patients was set up in February of 1988. It involves a team of one doctor and a nurse who are part of the Infectious Diseases Unit of the hospital. They provide home care to Aids pat
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:351 (abstract no. Th.D.901)
Berry SH, Kanouse DE, Gorman EM, Yano E; The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Assess priorities among the general population for public spending on the AIDS epidemic and analyze the determinants of these priorities. METHODS: Analyze results of a telephone survey of 1292 randomly selected adults (with an over representation of blacks and Hispanics), residing in Los Angeles County. The
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:350 (abstract no. Th.D.898)
Kassiday D, Sowder B, Ashery R; T. Head & Company, Inc., Herndon, Virginia, USA
OBJECTIVE: -- To evaluate five training strategies in AIDS and IV drug use & prevention sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). These include: (1) the use of NIDA training materials by States, (2) utilization of videos by treatment programs, (3) an experimental study of the Alicia video, (4) the i
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:350 (abstract no. Th.D.897)
DiClemente R, Durbin M, Siegel D, Krasnovsky F, Lazarus N; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of condom use among high risk adolescents in an HIV epicenter. METHODS: Data was collected from 386 sexually active ethnically diverse junior high school students (from a larger survey of 1,900 students). Predictors of condom use included: 1) demographics (age, gender, race, acculturat
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:350 (abstract no. Th.D.896)
Cottone JA, Dove SB; The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in sexual behavior, attitudes and perceptions of dental health professionals regarding HIV infection as a result of AIDS education. METHODS: A two page survey designed to assess the study objectives was distributed to participants at an international dental conference (DC, n=125) and to all
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:349 (abstract no. Th.D.895)
Reichen I, Serafim D, Rodrigues L; National Division of STD/AIDS - MOH, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To offer an alternative manner of attention, the possibility of performing serology on a confidential, nameless and free of charge basis, specially meant for individuals with risk behaviour, also providing education and advice. METHODS: The COAS is implanted after the approval of a project with well-structur
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:349 (abstract no. Th.D.894)
Gerbert B, Sumser J, Sebesta D, Barnes D; UCSF Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: At least since the proclamation of the Denver principles (1983) of the rights of people with AIDS to participate in decision making regarding their health care, people with HIV disease have challenged traditional roles of physicians and patients. We wished to document how gay men and IVDUs with HIV disease i
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:349 (abstract no. Th.D.893)
van de Beek ML; Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
The Philadelphia Prison System admits 35,000 detainees on an annual basis, with 4,000 residents at any given time. Currently, 70% of entrants are charged with drug offenses; 4,000 prostitution arrests are made annually. The HIV program in the prison includes amongst its objectives: (1) The determination of HIV seroprev
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:349 (abstract no. Th.D.892)
Dixon P, DeBuono B, Carpenter C, Laurie J, Zinner S, Scott H; Brown University AIDS Program (BRUNAP), Providence, Rhode Island, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop a humane, responsive program of institutional health care and long-term follow-up for HIV+ prisoners. METHODS: All prisoners incarcerated in the RI Adult Correctional Institution (ACI), the only prison in the State, are tested for HIV at time of incarceration and, if initially HIV-, shortly before
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:348 (abstract no. Th.D.891)
Richie B, Rodriquez I, Florio S, Safyer S, Lee J, Freudenberg N; Hunter College Center for Community Action to Prevent AIDS CUNY, NY USA
OBJECTIVE: To test a curriculum designed to help women inmates at New York City jail to feel more in control of their lives; to test the effectiveness of this curriculum against a didactic presentation on AIDS prevention. METHODS: To assess educational needs of female inmates, researchers conducted focus groups and int
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:348 (abstract no. Th.D.890)
Brewer F, Vlahov D, Munoz A, Ullrich J, Narkunas J, Castro K; The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: Assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody among geographically diverse prison and jail inmate populations. METHODS: Serum samples and demographic information routinely obtained at incarceration were obtained from 1,000 consecutive samples in each of ten prisons or jail systems; The
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:348 (abstract no. Th.D.889)
DiGiovanni C, Berlin F, Casterella P, Redfield R, Hiken M, Falck A; National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of HIV antibody among a group of paraphilic sex offenders in treatment at a major sexual disorders clinic. METHODS: Blood specimens are being collected under anonymous conditions from paraphilic sex offenders enrolled in treatment at the Sexual Disorders Clinic of The Johns Hopkins Ho
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:348 (abstract no. Th.D.888)
Sondheimer DL, English A, Hein K, Novello A; NICHD, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To address the legal, ethical and social concerns that have emerged in HIV-related research involving adolescents. METHODS: A review of the evolving legal standards and societal attitudes with respect to HIV-infection in adolescents in the USA and recommendations for future actions. Current trends in HIV-rel
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:347 (abstract no. Th.D.887)
Ravinathan R, Meeran MD, Durairaj VS, Venkateswaran K, Kantharaj K, Jayapaul K; Stanley Medical College, Madras, India
OBJECTIVE: HIV serosurveillance study was attempted to screen the convicts: men homosexuals & jail inmates; women prostitutes confined in Vigilance Homes and children in TamilNadu a southern state of India . METHODS: Between Apr. 1986 and Nov. 89, 3168 male convicts, 3133 women prostitutes and 975 juveniles were sc
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:347 (abstract no. Th.D.886)
Moini S, Hammett T; Abt Associates, Cambridge MA, USA
OBJECTIVE: Identification and explanation of trends in policies regarding HIV antibody testing and housing of HIV-infected prisoners, two central indicators of the correctional response to the HIV epidemic. METHODS: Based on annual surveys of US federal, state and local correctional systems sponsored by the National In
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:347 (abstract no. Th.D.885)
Kegebein VJ, Zack B; Santa Clara County Health Department, San Jose, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine predictors of interest in HIV antibody testing in inmates with histories of IV drug use following educational interventions. METHODS: We measured interest in HIV antibody testing among male inmates with histories of IV drug use in 1 state and 2 county penal institutions in California following e
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:347 (abstract no. Th.D.884)
Rowlands A, Power KG, Beveridge L; HM Prison, Perth, Scotland
OBJECTIVES: To assess Prison Officers knowledge about different aspects of HIV/AIDS. METHOD: Study of 128 male and 88 female Prison Officers, 108 newly recruited Prison Officers and a control group of 51 male and 77 female university students. Subjects were randomly selected and completed a questionnaire. Questions wer
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:346 (abstract no. Th.D.883)
Turbessi G, D'Offizi GP, Mezzaroma I, Luzi G, Boccella P, Aiuti F; National Association for AIDS (ANLAIDS), Rome, Italy
OBJECTIVE: The information campaign carried out by ANLAIDS in closed communities such as schools or prisons was shown to be very profitable. There are today about 36,000 prisoners in Italian jails including 6,000-8,000 drug users. In 1989 a series of seminars on HIV-1 infection in the 9 prisons belonging to the provinc
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:346 (abstract no. Th.D.882)
Ramos Filho T, Anjos RM; Sao Paulo- Brazil
OBJECTIVE: Chiefly AIDS prevention inside the jail. METHODS: Lectures on AIDS, teaching basic elements and stressing the disease means of contagion and of prevention, followed by a question-and answer session and making of educative material by prisoners, to be divulged inside the prison itself. This prison has an aver
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:346 (abstract no. Th.D.881)
Kelmanson A, Jay M, Gallwey J, Williams B; National AIDS Trust (NAT), London, England
OBJECTIVE: To maximise the involvement of external voluntary groups in educational and support activities related to HIV in the prison system in England and Wales. To engage voluntary organisations not primarily concerned with AIDS, in AIDS projects which need their specialist skills. METHODS: A series of legal contrac
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:346 (abstract no. Th.D.880)
King T, Blake S, Khardori N, Rabinovich S, VonBehren LA; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine (SIU), Springfield, IL, USA
OBJECTIVES: Law enforcement personnel (LEP) are often the first responders to many accident/crime scenes. Since most of these incidents involve handling of blood/body secretions these personnel are at risk of being exposed to HIV. Furthermore, the misconceptions and fears involved in handling such items may interfere w
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:345 (abstract no. Th.D.879)
Grierson J, Misson A; AIDS/STD Unit, Health Department Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
OBJECTIVE: To assess the educational efficacy of a six week tour of the Outtheatre safe sex and safe use cabaret; All Thrills, No Spills. METHODS: The company toured 25 tertiary institutions, and 4 correctional institutions with an overall audience of approximately 5000. A log book of comments was kept for all performa
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:345 (abstract no. Th.D.878)
Humes S, Miller R, Barr J, Warshaw L, Reinfeld M; Gay Men's Health Crisis, Inc., New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: Although New York City has 20% of all AIDS cases in the United States , it has lacked a coordinated strategy to deal with HIV/AIDS education in the workplace. This study was designed to obtain data regarding New York City HIV/AIDS workplace policies, programming, and executive attitudes in order to develop e
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:345 (abstract no. Th.D.877)
Kreniske J; HIV Center for Clinical & Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To analyse short-term and long-term policies and strategies needed to prevent transmission of HIV infection in the sugar plantation communities of the Dominican Republic . METHODS: Analysis is based on literature research, visits, on-site interviews with community workers and families, and with social scient
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:345 (abstract no. Th.D.876)
Hiramani AB; Central Health Education Bureau (Dte.G.H.S.), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
OBJECTIVES: (1) To examine the extent of knowledge of the college students about AIDS. (2) To understand students attitudes towards preventive measures launched by the Government. METHODS: All 128 students of graduate class of Physical Education at Aurangabad in Maharashtra State, India were covered. The attitudes
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:344 (abstract no. Th.D.875)
Cole L, Cole D; University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Public agencies implementing AIDS curricula may encounter sharp resistance from conservative religious groups. We sought ways to most effectively deal with such challenges. METHODOLOGY: Interviews with school administrators who had dealt with the problem, public health officials, and spokespersons for conser
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:344 (abstract no. Th.D.874)
Jimenez R; National AIDS Information and Education Program, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
This presentation will consist of an overview of a new religious initiative currently being undertaken by the Centers for Disease Control s National Partnerships Program. The main objective of the initiative, creating partnerships with religious denominations, groups and congregations, will be explained. Strategies whi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:344 (abstract no. Th.D.873)
McMaster JR, Greenblatt RM, Yelin EH, Henke CJ, Hollander H; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between disability benefits, Medi-Cal coverage (California s Medicaid system), and social support in the work place, on the decision to return to work by patients attending a University based AIDS clinic. METHODS: A longitudinal study that employed trimonthly structured telephone
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:344 (abstract no. Th.D.872)
Horan PF, DiClemente RJ, Stone CV; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an HIV education module integrated into a comprehensive, school-based health education curriculum. METHOD: Approximately 1800 high school students completed an anonymous self-report AIDS survey. Students who reported receiving HIV education were compared with students not exposed to HIV education
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:343 (abstract no. Th.D.871)
Torres J, Garcia Huete E, Anabitarte H, Jaumot A, Usieto R, Mariscal J; Foundation F.A.S.E., Madrid, Spain
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The efficiency in the prevention against HIV by sexual way recommending the use of the condom is low; since it is a purely informative action which is not able to modify conducts or to break taboos. We know the effect of the passion as a motive of renunciation to the preventive measures. As
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:343 (abstract no. Th.D.870)
Macdonald G, Smith C; Institute for Health Promotion, University of Wales, Cardiff, UK
OBJECTIVE: AIDS has received less political and media attention in the UK in the last 18 months, which might have led to complacency and low risk perception of HIV infection. A survey of 1002 people in Wales was conducted to discover the degree of discriminatory and complacent attitudes and risk perception surrounding
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:343 (abstract no. Th.D.869)
Robinson M, Sargeant D; Social Biology Resources Centre, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
OBJECTIVE: To describe the key elements of an educational model underlying the AIDS Educational Strategies Group which has contributed to the competence and confidence of AIDS educators since 1984 in Melbourne, Australia . METHOD: Analysis of records of meetings, structured personal interview with planners of model, me
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:343 (abstract no. Th.D.868)
Katz S, Freudenberg N, Lee J; Hunter College Center for Community Action to Prevent AIDS, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the quantity and quality of HIV/AIDS material in professional health programs in a public urban university; to develop interventions to better prepare these students to meet the needs of people with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: The School of Health Science, Nursing and Social Work of Hunter College of CUNY w
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:342 (abstract no. Th.D.867)
Bustan M, Sy F, Selassie AW, Noer NN; Hasanuddin University, Ujungpandang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
OBJECTIVE: To determine knowledge, risk perception and risk prevention behavior concerning AIDS among public health students in South Sulawesi, Indonesia . METHODS: Questionnaire was administered in summer of 1989 to 154 public health students at Hasanuddin University. Data collected included demographic information, A
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:342 (abstract no. Th.D.866)
Strauss R, Corless I, Luckey B, van der Horst C, Dennis B; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a large interdisciplinary university credit bearing course on AIDS for health professional and arts/sciences students. METHODS: Faculty from each of five health sciences schools at a large state university developed and taught a course on AIDS to a broad audience of 429 students, exam
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:342 (abstract no. Th.D.865)
Redick M; San Francisco Community College District, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe the AIDS transmission prevention activities of a community college of 60,000 students during the last six years. METHODS: The community college appointed an AIDS Advisory Committee in 1984 to develop policy, administrative guidelines and procedures to guide working groups in both the instructiona
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:342 (abstract no. Th.D.864)
Goldstein MA, Van Ness J, Friis-Hansen D, Platt R, Seamans W; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
OBJECTIVE: To increase awareness of AIDS issues and promote behavioral change in a student population using a variety of visual art forms with assistance of student AIDS activists (ARMIT). METHODS: Our prior research has shown that traditional methods of raising awareness to AIDS issues have had limited success. Humani
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:341 (abstract no. Th.D.863)
Kotloff K, Wasserman S, Tacket C, Cowan J, Bridwell M, Quinn T; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe the variables associated with AIDS risk behaviors among a cohort of high risk college students. METHODS: In 1988 we conducted a voluntary serosurvey of 3394 undergraduate students attending the University of Maryland at College Park. Subjects donated a blood specimen for HIV-1 antibody testing an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:341 (abstract no. Th.D.862)
Gourlay P, Horsley P; Family Planning Association, Victoria, Australia
OBJECTIVE: To describe and demonstrate use of STD/AIDS educational resources for people with intellectual disabilities produced by the Family Planning Association Victoria ( Australia ). METHOD: Discussion of the need for accessible information for people with intellectual disabilities. Demonstration of various educati
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:341 (abstract no. Th.D.861)
Estournel JL, Leveque D, Delmas JB, Seguela M, Fayard A, Livrozet JM; MNEF/SG Adj. FSEF, France
OBJECTIVE: To identify modalities of an effective prevention program on AIDS among student population: test the interest of surveys to produce knowledge about youth mental representation in order to elaborate pertinent action. METHOD: Student population constitutes a specific social group, but motley, which produces it
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:341 (abstract no. Th.D.860)
Thomas R, Otis J, Longpre D, Provencher S, Bastien R, Lonergan G; Departement de sante communautaire de l'Hopital Charles LeMoyne, Greenfield Park, Quebec, Canada
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate short-term impacts of diverse AIDS prevention promotional activities. Designed by students and aimed at their peers, these interventions were held in the school setting, on WORLD AIDS DAY (December 1, 1989). METHODS: A week after the activities were held, we asked a random
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:340 (abstract no. Th.D.859)
Mora JL, Santiago F, Valdespino JL, Sepulveda J; General Directorate of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Mexico
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the basis for the design of an AIDS educative package directed to Mexican urban high school adolescents. METHODS: Material prepared by the Health Ministry up to 1988 and its acceptance among adolescents was analyzed. The most accepted images and contents were identified according to the sociocultu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:340 (abstract no. Th.D.858)
Dupree JD, Mkwinda EN, Kalilani JA; AIDSCOM, Washington, DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: Focus group research with teachers and pupils indicates that sexual experimentation often begins prior to adolescence. Because HIV is sexually transmitted, Malawi s National AIDS Committee set AIDS education to youth as its top priority activity. METHODS: Focus groups have been conducted among school-age boy
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:340 (abstract no. Th.D.857)
Paniagua ME; National AIDS, Committee, Ministry of Health, San Jose, Costa Rica
OBJECTIVE: To develop and implement a plan of information and formal education of students (15-20 years) in Costa Rica . METHODS: Capacitation and information in different levels of the formal education of professionals in the Ministry of Education as counselors, teachers and also parents and members of the community,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:340 (abstract no. Th.D.856)
Ricks PM; ACT UP/NY Youth Brigade Caucus, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: ACT UP/NY created its Youth Brigade Caucus in late 1989, in response to the alarming growth of AIDS cases among New York City (NYC) teenagers and the inadequate AIDS education within the schools. Our objective is to ensure that children in NYC obtain explicit, accurate and unbiased information regarding AIDS
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:339 (abstract no. Th.D.855)
Epstein ER; ACT UP/NY, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: The need for effective AIDS education programs in U.S. schools continually intensifies as the number of HIV-infected adolescents leaps. Many students do not receive the information they need to preserve their health and to deal compassionately with those around them who have AIDS. Strategies for a meaningful
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:339 (abstract no. Th.D.854)
Krasnovsky F, Siegel D, Lazarus N, Durbin M, Kakimoto D, Davis M, Suminski G; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe the interactions among public agencies in developing and implementing an HIV prevention program within an urban, multi-ethnic school district. METHODS: Administrators from the Oakland Unified School District approached investigators at the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies of the University of C
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:339 (abstract no. Th.D.853)
Li PC, Yeoh EK, Leung FY, Ho YF, Lee YH, Chow NY; Affiliation not specified
METHOD: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 695 students in 9 secondary schools in Hong Kong . The answers concerning their knowledge and attitude towards AIDS were analysed. RESULT: TABULAR DATA, SEE ABSTRACT VOLUME. CONCLUSION: The secondary school students of Hong Kong are well informed about the ge
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:339 (abstract no. Th.D.852)
Ouedraogo A, Lorenz N, Zina Y, Rehle T; Ministere de la Sante et de l'Action Sociale, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
OBJECTIVE: In order to plan school HIV education programs and to obtain baseline data on HIV-related beliefs, knowledge and behaviour, 466 secondary school students were interviewed. METHODS: The study population was chosen by random cluster sampling. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used. RESULTS: The
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:338 (abstract no. Th.D.851)
Page I, McCausland J, Moore C; North York Public Health Department, North York, Ontario, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To use a popular medium (rap video) to communicate a direct powerful HIV/AIDS prevention message to youths and young adults in an entertaining and unthreatening manner that avoids the preaching syndrome . METHODS: Collaborative initiatives were undertaken with youth from various minority cultural groups, loc
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:338 (abstract no. Th.D.850)
Evans NL, Fetro J; Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of an adolescent HIV education program in promoting changes in sexual activity (abstinence) and condom use. METHOD: Two cross sectional surveys were administered to 565 adolescents in San Francisco participating in the Wedge Program. This 4 hour comprehensive HIV education prog
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:338 (abstract no. Th.D.849)
Haiken H, Hernandez M, Mintz M, Boland M; Children's Hospital of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey USA
OBJECTIVE: Define the impact of school aged HIV-infected children on school systems in N.J. and the role of care providers in facilitating school entry. METHODS: In 1986, the N.J. Dept. of Education promulgated regulations supporting school enrollment of children with HIV infection. Children s Hospital AIDS Program (CH
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:338 (abstract no. Th.D.848)
Closen M, Isaacman S; The John Marshall Law School, Chicago, Illinois, USA
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this project was to prepare a course outline and teaching materials to encourage an increase in the number of full-scale university courses on HIV/AIDS policy and law. Research indicates that university students (including law and medical students) are not adequately informed about HIV/AIDS,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:337 (abstract no. Th.D.847)
Fishback L, Guthrie A, Lewin L, Needleman J, Barnow B; Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, U.S. Public Health Service, Washington, D.C., USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop an analytic approach to quantify the costs to society of HIV-related discrimination and then to apply the approach to estimate, where possible, costs of HIV-related discrimination in the United States and the distribution of those costs. METHODS: An analytic framework was developed for estimating
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:337 (abstract no. Th.D.846)
Schwartzbaum JA, Norton RW; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the sex, race, or sexual preference of a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) influences a physician s decision to breach patient confidentiality. METHODS: Tennessee primary care physicians were mailed a questionnaire containing a case study in which an HIV-infect
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:337 (abstract no. Th.D.845)
Michaels S, Gagnon J, Laumann E; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: Data from the General Social Survey of 1988, a national household survey (N=1480) of the population of the United States , was analyzed to examine the relationship between homophobia, personal acquaintance of persons with AIDS and attitudes towards AIDS policies. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION: About t
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:337 (abstract no. Th.D.844)
Garceau S; Health Promotion Directorate, Health & Welfare Canada, Ottawa, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To determine the degree of care, compassion, and tolerance Canadians have towards people most directly affected by AIDS. METHODS: Qualitative and quantitative techniques were used with a small (N=200), selective sample of: the general population, PLWA, HIV+, gay and bisexual men, IV drug users, street youth,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:336 (abstract no. Th.D.843)
Novick A; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
OBJECTIVE: Unorthodox clinical trials, in the HIV setting, have been implemented beyond federal regulations, omitting many elements of research with human subjects. Subjects have been asked to waive their rights to be treated as human subjects. Is that ethically acceptable? METHODS: 1) to analyze the components of clin
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:336 (abstract no. Th.D.842)
Soskolne V, Eyal A, Avramov R, Bentwich Z, Maayan S, Engelhard D; Hadassah Medical Organization, Jerusalem, Israel
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate aspects of psychological distress and psychosocial adjustment among high-risk men and to compare seropositive to seronegative men. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of men attending HIV testing and follow-up clinics in 2 hospitals in Israel , 1988-89. Men with AIDS, HIV diagnosis of 2 months, or
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:336 (abstract no. Th.D.841)
Bjorner J, Gandil P, Andersen T; University of Copenhagen, Denmark
OBJECTIVE: To study whether HIV-positive are more socially stigmatized and have reduced social network compared to HIV-negative haemophiliacs. METHODS: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire to all Danish haemophiliacs with factor level 5% or less registered at the 2 Danish haemophilia centers (N=212). Response r
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:336 (abstract no. Th.D.840)
Rodriguez RG, Herbert M, Kemeny ME, Schneider S, Taylor SE, Dudley J; University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare psychological adjustment and coping with the risk of developing AIDS among 3 groups of gay men---those who have chosen not to know their HIV status (n=169), those who know they are HIV seropositive (n=238), and those who know they are HIV seronegative (n=312). METHODS: The sample consisted of gay
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:335 (abstract no. Th.D.839)
Marelich WD, Ramirez AL, Barba B, Kizer KW; California Department of Health Services, Sacramento, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate psychosocial support systems (PSS) of at-risk and no-risk clients utilizing Anonymous HIV Antibody Test Sites (ATS). METHODS: A survey addressing individual PSS was presented to ATS clients during a two-week period in July, 1989. Only those clients completing HIV testing were used in subsequen
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:335 (abstract no. Th.D.838)
Bertrand WE, Bomboko B, Moore M, Kashala TD; Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine the appropriateness of installing a HIV Testing Center at the University of Kinshasa as a preventive method. METHODS: 1189 students chosen randomly responded to a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: Eighty f
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:335 (abstract no. Th.D.837)
Jaccard J, Endias R, Minkoff H; State University of NY, Albany, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify social-psychological factors influencing HIV test taking behavior and to develop policies for increasing test taking in at-risk populations. METHODS: Approximately 300 sexually active, lower SES women were interviewed in clinics in a high risk area of New York City and given the chance to take an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:335 (abstract no. Th.D.836)
Higgins DL, Galavotti C, Johnson R, O'Reilly KR, Rugg DL; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To review the effects of HIV antibody counseling and testing (C&T) on risk behaviors in homosexual men, intravenous drug users (IVDUs), and high-risk heterosexuals. METHODS: We reviewed published and unpublished data from 45 studies that compared risk behavior prior to and following notification of seros
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:334 (abstract no. Th.D.835)
Gorman EM, Yano E, Kanouse D, Berry S, Bye L; RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To ascertain attitudes and decisionmaking about HIV antibody testing among gay and bisexual men and the general population. METHODS: Bivariate analysis to obtain results of a telephone survey of 1299 randomly selected adults (520 males, 779 females) and 299 gay and bisexual male adults residing in Los Angele
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:334 (abstract no. Th.D.834)
Dawson DA, Hardy AM, Thornberry OT; US National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Health Interview Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA
Since August 1987, the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics has included questions on AIDS knowledge and attitudes in the National Health Interview Survey. In 1990, the questionnaire was revised to focus more heavily on issues of HIV testing. This session will present provisional data from the first quarter of 19
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:334 (abstract no. Th.D.833)
Warren N, Silver D, Lee J, Freudenberg N; Hunter College Center for Community Action to Prevent AIDS, NYC, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess how immigration groups and AIDS organizations in New York City are responding to the federal law requiring HIV antibody testing among all immigrants applying for permanent residency and to determine what problems they have encountered and solutions they have explored. METHODS: Our research was base
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:334 (abstract no. Th.D.832)
Soscia M, Gnarini R, Izzo E, Guidetti E, Perrella O, Serpelloni G, Tarro G; Ospedale "D. Cotugno", Naples, Italy
OBJECTIVE: Anonymous screening of populations at-risk for HIV infection (drug abusers, homo-bisexuals, prostitutes, at-risk heterosexuals etc.), who, for fear of being recognized, avoid public health centers. METHOD: The anonymous screening for HIV infection that is being conducted in Verona and Naples is structured in
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether 1. clients consider anonymity to be a necessary pre-condition when presenting for HIV Antibody testing; 2. seropositive clients tested anonymously will return for results; 3. an anonymous testing system can facilitate medical follow up and social support; 4. seropositive clients will co
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:333 (abstract no. Th.D.830)
Auquier P, Connes H, Reviron D, Blanc AP, Larher MP, Enel P; Public Health Unit, Marseilles, France
OBJECTIVE: Centres for free and anonymous screening aim to promote prevention among a target-population attracted by these traits of no-cost and anonymity. The request for a screening-test -a high point in the development of individual awareness- provokes a contact with medical staff which can be adapted to each case a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:333 (abstract no. Th.D.829)
Ramirez A, Truax SR; Office of AIDS, California Department of Health Services, Sacramento, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: Alternative Test Site (ATS) operations, counselor and client information was examined to assess program adequacy and effectiveness in serving all clients and reducing HIV infection risk. METHODS: A comprehensive, on-site evaluation reviewed the administrative structure, practices and composition of ATS progr
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the request for HIV antibody testing by general practitioners (GP) and/or their patients and to study its evolution over time. METHODS: A survey was developed by the French Communicable Diseases Network in March 1987 which links a 1% representative sample of French GPs to a central computer by el
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:332 (abstract no. Th.D.827)
Masterson A, Kitchens A, Graham V; Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare the documentation of HIV antibody testing done by a Testing Team versus HIV antibody testing done by the resident housestaff. METHODS: All persons HIV antibody tested were inpatients at a major inner city public hospital from 1/1/87 to 12/31/89. Prior to 1/1/89 persons were tested by the housestaf
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:332 (abstract no. Th.D.826)
DeCiantis ML, DeBuono B, Scott HD, Carpenter C; Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence, RI, USA
OBJECTIVE: Routine and mandatory HIV testing was established by Rhode Island law in August, 1989. One provision included acute care hospitals whereby HIV testing was to be routinely offered to inpatients age 18-40 beginning January 1990. To assess the staff requirements, patient acceptance, and cost-effectiveness of th
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:332 (abstract no. Th.D.825)
Capkin M, Phipps E, Peacock E; Albert Einstein Medical Center. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. USA
OBJECTIVES: Our study was designed to evaluate the impact of a stringent hospital policy regarding informed consent on physician ordering of HIV antibody tests. Recognizing the well known practice of ordering HIV antibody tests without consent or counseling, we predicted that physicians who were ordering the tests on p
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:332 (abstract no. Th.D.824)
Jolly DH, Blankenship E, Adimora A, Petz W, Owen-O'Dowd J, Randall-David E, Meriwether R; AIDS Control Branch Raleigh, NC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop a new system of HIV reporting by name, case follow-up, and partner notification that allows HIV positive persons tested at anonymous sites to remain anonymous to public health officials even after seeking medical follow-up. DESCRIPTION: All 100 local health departments in North Carolina offer both
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:331 (abstract no. Th.D.823)
Johnson WD, Sy FS, Miller JP; Univ of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in attendance at two alternate HIV test sites (ATS) in Charleston, South Carolina (SC) and Augusta, Georgia (GA) after implementation of a statewide policy in SC beginning Jan 1, 1986 which requires mandatory reporting of seropositive results to the state health department. HIV testing is
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:331 (abstract no. Th.D.822)
Schiller NG, Crystal S, Karus D; Institute for Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of kin in care giving for persons with AIDS (PWAs) in New Jersey. METHODS: A random sample of 275 individuals with diagnosed AIDS who live in New Jersey was drawn. Interviewing began 12/88 and 50 interviews have been completed to date. The distribution of transmission categories in the co
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:331 (abstract no. Th.D.821)
Roy CM; Regional Hemophilia Clinic, Social Service Dept., Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To determine the needs and disposition towards psychosocial services of men with hemophilia and HIV and their partners. METHOD: Twenty couples, in which the man has hemophilia and HIV infection, were surveyed through the use of an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. The range of available psychosocial
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:331 (abstract no. Th.D.820)
Mhloyi G, Mhloyi M; Dexter Enterprises, Harare, Zimbabwe
OBJECTIVE: To identify the psycho-social problems that people with Aids encounter from the time they are diagnosed as HIV+ to the time they die. METHODS: We identified twenty cases which were HIV+: these cases were at different stages of the development of the syndrome which facilitated the mimicking of a full case. Pa
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:330 (abstract no. Th.D.819)
Powell-Cope GM; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
OBJECTIVE: The study s purpose was to examine caring from health care professionals (HCP) as experienced by family caregivers (FCG) of PWAs. Caring is defined as a nurturing way of relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility (Swanson-Kauffman, 1989). METHODS: Pheno
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:330 (abstract no. Th.D.818)
Campbell I, Rader A, Malama M, Bodwell S; The Salvation Army Chikankata Hospital, Zambia
OBJECTIVE: To describe the role of the Christian Church as an integrative influence in AIDS care and prevention, especially in Africa. METHOD: The concept of integration is defined, and the following areas are discussed: 1) why responses to AIDS by secular organizations will be significantly less effective without the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:330 (abstract no. Th.D.817)
Earl W, Martindale C, Cohn D; Denver Disease Control Service, Denver, CO, USA
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the psychosocial distress levels experienced by heterosexual parents infected with HIV and to compare with gay and bisexual men (GM) in order to provide more useful counseling. METHODS: Three groups of single parents were compared to a random sample drawn from a longitudinal cohort study (LCS) of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:330 (abstract no. Th.D.816)
Riley MW; Academy for Educational Development, Washington, DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify the educational and emotional needs of caregivers and families (including birth, foster, adoptive, and extended) of children with HIV. To develop training materials for these families and other caregivers including home health aides, community volunteers, and child care providers. METHODS: Famili
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:329 (abstract no. Th.D.815)
Whalen D, Holman S, Burke GR, Feldman I; AIDS Institute, New York State Department of Health, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop an HIV preventive and health services intervention targeted to high risk women giving birth, especially those who receive no prenatal care. METHOD: The Department has identified the HIV prevalence rate of women giving birth by hospital. Employing a phase-in approach and utilizing special grants an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:329 (abstract no. Th.D.814)
Canosa CA, Picazo A, Jaime E, Herrero MA, Lono F, Canosa C; Department of Pediatrics. La Fe Childrens Hospital, Valencia, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To determine long term effect of HIV infection on social characteristics, family behaviour and children s psychomotor development. METHOD: From 1986-1989 120 HIV+ newborns (NB) were identified at LA FE Dpt. of Pediatrics. A prospective study utilizing an ad hoc instrument by a team of pediatricians, psycholo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:329 (abstract no. Th.D.813)
Mok JY, Cosgrove J, Hague RA; City Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
OBJECTIVE: To assess the psychosocial needs of HIV infected mothers, with the aim of providing optimum services. METHODS: A standard questionnaire was administered to ascertain current sources of support for HIV infected mothers and children; and to determine if there was a need for a more structured system. RESULTS: F
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:329 (abstract no. Th.D.812)
Kass N; Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare perceived discrimination in health care delivery and in employment among homosexual men who are seronegative, seropositive or have AIDS. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to Baltimore and Los Angeles MACS participants between October 1987 and December 1988 and to inpatient
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:328 (abstract no. Th.D.811)
Crandles S, Jean A; SUNY Health Science Center, Brooklyn, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine caregivers perceptions of how children with perinatally acquired HIV, age 4 years and older, are 1) coping with their medical condition; and 2) reacting to HIV related illness and loss in their family. METHOD: Caregivers of children, age 4 and above, were invited to participate in an interview s
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:328 (abstract no. Th.D.810)
Susser PL, Miller S; Herbert G. Birch Services, New York, NY, USA
Birch Services provides residential, educational, clinical and family support and advocacy services to over 400 developmentally disabled children, adults and their families. Birch became involved with children with AIDS when research and experience indicated that in addition to their medical problems, 95% of the childr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:328 (abstract no. Th.D.809)
Gleason-Morgan D, Kaplan M; Los Angeles Pediatric AIDS Network, Los Angeles, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop a handbook to serve as a practical guide for caregivers/family members of children with HIV infection. METHOD: Nurses representing ten HIV treatment centers and related programs in Los Angeles County collaborated with other health care providers in the writing of the handbook. Topics covered inclu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:328 (abstract no. Th.D.808)
Aiges J, Hopkins S, Co M, Kaplan E, Pahwa S; Department of Social Work and Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital-Cornell University, Medical College, Manhasset, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To perform a follow-up study of the first support group in Long Island, New York for parents and caretakers of children with HIV infection. METHOD: A support group, consisting of parents and caretakers of HIV-infected children, was evaluated over a three year period. RESULTS: Major positive connections and c
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:327 (abstract no. Th.D.807)
Grodin MA, Mariner W; Boston University, Boston, Mass., USA
OBJECTIVE: Federal regulations governing children as research subjects focus on research involving children who are ill. Healthy children are not explicitly considered. This study analyzes difficulties in applying the regulations to research that offers no personal benefit and some risk to some children, but holds prom
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:327 (abstract no. Th.D.806)
Partridge JC, Wong DF, Sokal KB, Wara DW; University of California, San Francisco, Calif., USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the maternal perinatal history is an adequate predictor of perinatal HIV exposure to the infant. METHODS: All delivered parturients (n=3328) were interviewed using standardized questionnaires during routine obstetric and nursery care. Mothers who admitted medical or social risks for HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:327 (abstract no. Th.D.805)
Hauer LB, Shannon M, Mann L, Whidden R, Kahn W, Butler F; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Recruit HIV+ pregnant women and controls into BAPAC to study maternal HIV progression, fetal outcome, maternal-fetal transmission, and HIV diagnosis and progression in infants. Ensure ongoing client compliance with research and clinical protocols. METHODS: 1) recruitment from hospital and community prenatal
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:327 (abstract no. Th.D.804)
Balanon A, Fordyce EJ, Stoneburner R; New York City Department of Health, NYC, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine predictors of pregnancy intentions of women with perceived and/or real risks for AIDS if tested HIV+. METHODS: 1850 women in New York City households, aged 15-44 years were interviewed about their reproductive histories and intentions. Women who were pregnant or planning pregnancy (N=609) and wi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:326 (abstract no. Th.D.803)
O'Campo P, Kass N, Geller G, Gielen A, Faden R; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To document the relationships among pregnant women s perceived risk of HIV infection, their reasons for choosing or not choosing to be tested during pregnancy, their beliefs about the consequences of testing and their public policy preferences regarding HIV screening for pregnant women. METHODS: First as a p
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:326 (abstract no. Th.D.802)
LaChapelle S, Gordon G, Belville R, Indyk D, Shapiro V, Dewart T; Little Sisters of the Assumption FHS, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: This paper describes a perinatal risk assessment and intervention model at a community-based family health service providing case-management to an extremely high-risk population of hard-to-reach, young, single, inner-city minority mothers characterized by a high prevalence of illiteracy, drug use, poverty an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:326 (abstract no. Th.D.801)
Grant CM, Coye M; New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, NJ, USA
OBJECTIVE: New Jersey has developed approaches to differentially and more aggressively target public health policies to ensure that majority of asymptomatic HIV positive women/children are identified and access system of early intervention for their infection and to prevent further transmission. METHODS: Data from the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:326 (abstract no. Th.D.800)
Dos Anjos RM, Carneiro JL, Zaccharias RF; Affiliation not specified
OBJECTIVE: Since 1985 Sorocaba s Conjunto Hospitalar Specialized Clinic on Infectious Diseases takes care of HIV patients. Today women account for 104 (16,6%) of these subjects, from which 30 (28,8%) became pregnant during the last years; 8 (26,7%) of them had previous contact with our clinic, where warning about the w
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:325 (abstract no. Th.D.799)
Foreman M, Flynn D, Pomeroy L, Foran D, Ross D, Mulcahy FM; Department of Genito Urinary Medicine, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
OBJECTIVE: Of the women with HIV infection attending the GUM Clinic in St. James s Hospital in Dublin over 90% were infected through intravenous drug use. The study set out to determine their future plans for themselves should they develop a HIV related illness and where applicable their plans for their children. METHO
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:325 (abstract no. Th.D.798)
Taylor D, Irvin Y, Rodriguez A, Cohen M, Williamson M; Cook County Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop a culturally relevant group meeting at CCH, where HIV infected women regularly discuss topics of their choice and become empowered through the dynamics of both the collective and individual experience. METHODS: The group meets the same weekday as clinic session. Childcare and refreshments are prov
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:325 (abstract no. Th.D.797)
Darrow WW; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and validity of self reports of sex practices, sexually transmitted diseases, and intravenous drug use. METHODS: We reviewed confidential interview data from 1410 prostitutes for internal consistency (reliability) and compared responses to standardized questions with laboratory find
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:325 (abstract no. Th.D.796)
Covre P, Tirelli U, Serraino D, Corso C, Crosato I, Rezza G; Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
OBJECTIVE: Male prostitution, though potentially important for HIV transmission, has received yet little attention, as compared to female prostitution. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sexual habits of transvestites, in particular the frequency of condom use. METHODS: The present data set concerns th
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:324 (abstract no. Th.D.795)
Pinel A; Ministry of Health, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
The sexually permissive image of Brazil , together with the fast and steady increase of AIDS cases in the country, has brought about great interest concerning the existing sexual practices. Nevertheless, inadequate dissemination of results and the lack of a proper database on the subject, among other problems, have mad
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:324 (abstract no. Th.D.794)
Hartfield K, Smith K, Perdue T; Seattle-King County Department of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe a method to gather information for developing appropriate AIDS education interventions for non-gay identified men having sex with other men (NGIMWM). METHODS: We implemented a formal 4-phase community identification process to identify methods of accessing & intervening with NGIMWM, a difficu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:324 (abstract no. Th.D.793)
Oliveira MR, Greco DB, Oliveira EI, Castro MJ, Carneiro RL, Cardoso M, Costa MF; Immunodeficiency Clinic, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Service, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate behavior changes in bisexual males attending a reference outpatient clinic for HIV in Belo Horizonte, Brazil . METHODS: It was defined as bisexual, males who have had at least one male partner in the last 5 years and at least one female partner in the last 2 years; they comprised one third of the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:324 (abstract no. Th.D.792)
Russell M; The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine how internalized homophobia in black gay and bisexual males impedes acceptance of gay identified services. METHOD: Data collected came from two sources: Review of 25 patient charts of black males who are self identified as having had same sex experiences, and interviews with clinic social workers.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:323 (abstract no. Th.D.791)
Minns DR; National Task Force on AIDS Risk Reduction, San Francisco, California, USA
The objectives of this study were to (1) measure AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among gay Black males in the U.S., (2) assess the effectiveness of AIDS education efforts for this group, and (3) provide information for improving prevention and treatment policy and planning for Black males. The methodology was
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:323 (abstract no. Th.D.790)
Harrison J, Johnson E, Doll L, Lifson A, Bolan G, Hessol N, Joy D; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine self-reported reasons for homosexual men not using condoms in 2 San Francisco HIV studies: cohort and cross-sectional. METHODS: Homosexual men from 2 studies who reported unprotected anal (UPA) sex in the previous 4 months were compared, including 156 men from an ongoing cohort study of HIV infect
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:323 (abstract no. Th.D.789)
Coxon AP, Davies PM; University of Essex, Colchester, England
OBJECTIVE: To meet the need for comparable and compatible reporting structures for studies of sexual (and primarily homosexual) behaviour by national and international studies: a logical structure has been developed describing sexual behaviour primarily in terms of modality (inserter/insertee etc.) sexual act (behaviou
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:323 (abstract no. Th.D.788)
Catanzarite L, Margolis E, Biernacki P, Feldman HW; Dept. of Sociology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of condom use among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and their sexual partners in San Francisco. METHODS: Structured interviews were conducted with 752 IVDUs. Contingency table analysis was employed, where statistical significance was assessed with a chi-square statistic. Condom use was
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:322 (abstract no. Th.D.787)
Ehrhardt AA, Meyer-Bahlburg H, Exner T, Gruen R, Lorenz G, Goetz R, El-Sadr W, Sorrell S, Gorman J; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare among Parenteral Drug Users (PDU), HIV+ women with HIV- women as to number of sex partners and high risk sexual practices. METHODS: Thirty-nine HIV+ and 36 HIV- women of comparable age (mean 37 years), ethnic background (2/3 black), and socioeconomic status (mostly low) were recruited from an infe
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:322 (abstract no. Th.D.786)
Worth D, Drucker E, Eric K, Pivnick A; Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between sexual and physical abuse, and drug related HIV risk-taking behavior of women IV drug users. METHODS: Participant observation and individual ethnographic interviews of 30 women were employed to collect descriptive data on their lives and individual patterns of drug and sex
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:322 (abstract no. Th.D.785)
Nanda D, Endias R, Jaccard J, Minkoff H; State U. of N.Y. Health Sciences Ctr. Brooklyn, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe the scope of sexual risk taking among women in a community endemic for HIV. METHODS: A convenience sample of 350 sexually active minority women were interviewed during clinic visits. Questions covered demographics, sexual behavior, contraceptive use, drug use, and attitudes about HIV and sexually
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:322 (abstract no. Th.D.784)
Beirnes D, Eversley R, Newstetter A, Gotch L, Avins A; Planned Parenthood Alameda/San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the ethnic and risk-perception associates of unprotected sex among young sexually active women. METHOD: 210 White (87), Black (85), Latina (21) and Asian (17) young adult female family planning patients attending San Francisco Bay Area Planned Parenthood Clinics were interviewed to determine the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:321 (abstract no. Th.D.783)
Payanzo N, Kakera L, Wahlmeier G; IPN and Universite de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVE: As travelling on the Zaire river boat is a popular and reasonably priced way of travelling from Kinshasa to Kisangani and back, the study intends to assess the need and the possibility for the social marketing of condoms on the boat and along the river towns during a typical fourteen day journey upstream. ME
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:321 (abstract no. Th.D.782)
Payanzo N, Mivumbi N, Kakera L; IPN and Universite de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of condom use in order to make them an important means of protection, more acceptable, available and usable. METHODS: A series of three questionnaires were designed, adapting to three different samples of high risk groups; inhabitants of ages 15-55, transients
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:321 (abstract no. Th.D.781)
Muska S, Serufilera A, Allen S, McCarthy T, Tice J, Lindan C, Keogh P; Projet San Francisco, Kigali, Rwanda
OBJECTIVE: To determine the acceptability and usefulness of educational video in promoting knowledge and behaviour change among urban Rwandan women. METHODS: An educational video about AIDS and safer sex, using the local language and local actors, was developed for 1469 urban Rwandan women enrolled in a cohort study of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:321 (abstract no. Th.D.780)
Clay C, Kleyn J, McGough J, Freeman C, Nyrop K; Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine how Seattle s drug paraphernalia and probation laws shape the behavior of women at risk for HIV through IV drug use and street-based sex work. Moreover, to illustrate how sex workers and people using IV drugs have emerged as foci where the conflicting strategies of public health and law enforcemen
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:320 (abstract no. Th.D.779)
Leigh C; National Task Force on Prostitution, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: This study presents an array of issues determined by national and international prostitutes rights organizations and HIV prevention/education organizations which target prostitutes. The main research question is: How can we develop humane HIV prevention/education programs within the context of legal systems
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:320 (abstract no. Th.D.778)
Bagasao TM, Quintos ML, Monzon OT, Giannone P, Asoy LA; Kabalikat ng Pamilyang Pilipino Foundation, Metro Manila, Philippines
OBJECTIVE: To identify determinants for effective education and counselling on AIDS of women sex workers in the Philippines . METHOD: Using a detailed interview, information on health and AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes and practices was obtained from 640 randomly selected female sex workers working in Metro Manila.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:320 (abstract no. Th.D.777)
Uribe P, Hernandez AM, Ornelas HG, Jesus MR, Chavez PF, Sepulveda AJ; AIDS Information Center. CONASIDA. Mexico City. Mexico
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the prostitution population identifying the risk factors associated with seropositivity and with adoption of preventive methods. METHODS: 961 female prostitutes attending the AIDS Information Center in Mexico City from April 1987 to December 1989 were analyzed. The prostitutes and prostitutes
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:320 (abstract no. Th.D.776)
Nieuwinckel S, Knops N, Poppe E, Van Hove E; University of Antwerp - U.I.A., Antwerp, Belgium
OBJECTIVE: Survey of sexual behaviour of Belgian adolescents. METHODS: A random sample of 800 Belgian adolescents aged between 15 and 23 were asked to answer a predominantly closed-ended questionnaire. It was processed with bi and multivariate statistical analysis techniques. RESULTS: The nature of sexual contact (vagi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:319 (abstract no. Th.D.775)
Shah B, Thakur V, Bhimani G, Gilada I; Indian Health Organisation, J. J. Hospital, Bombay, India
OBJECTIVE: Our interest has been to identify, cost minimizing and culturally congruent strategies towards AIDS and STD prevention within the relevant economically handicapped ethos of countries like India . METHOD: Effectivity of AIDS and STD prevention, embedded within an education program for Human Sexuality was revi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:319 (abstract no. Th.D.774)
Cunningham I, Rodriguez Sanchez M; University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico
OBJECTIVES: To study sexual behavior, drug experience, and knowledge of AIDS among University of Puerto Rico students and the interrelations of these factors. METHODS: A 122 item questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of 3905 students from 10 campuses of the University of Puerto Rico. RESULTS: Genera
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:319 (abstract no. Th.D.773)
Elsing C, Musial F, Seifert B, Erckenbrecht JF, Strohmeyer G; Department of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University, Dusseldorf, FRG
INTRODUCTION: Knowledge about different risk behaviors is an important basis for the success of AIDS information campaigns. For this reason, a 26 item questionnaire was given to 604 university students (44% male and 56% female) to evaluate sexual behavior and knowledge about AIDS. Students were divided into three subgr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:319 (abstract no. Th.D.772)
Sandfort T, Van Zessen G, De Vroome E, Straver C, Tielman R; University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
OBJECTIVE: To describe the sexual behavior of Dutch citizens in the context of HIV transmission as it relates to: potential risk of transmission, awareness of this risk, knowledge about AIDS, the endorsement of misperceptions about transmission. METHODS: A representative sample of 1000 Dutch citizens between the ages o
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:318 (abstract no. Th.D.770)
Lhomond B, Bouhet B, Denni B, Lagrange H, Zorman M; P.R.O.M.S.T, France
I. The study describes the sexual behavior of the population and focuses on multiple sexual partnership in relation to the diversity of sexual practices and use of condoms. II. The examined population is a representative sample (drawn by quota-sex, age, place of living) of 1511 people, 18 to 59 years old, living in Rho
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:318 (abstract no. Th.D.769)
Amaro F, Teles L, Dantas A; Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon Portugal
OBJECTIVES: 1- Study sexual behaviour of the population in general to obtain more knowledge, in order to elaborate sexual programmes related to AIDS. 2- To develop a methodology to study sexual behaviour in random samples of the population in general. METHODS: 1- A questionnaire on sexual behaviour was designed upon th
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:318 (abstract no. Th.D.768)
Catania J, Coates T, Kegeles S, Peterson J, Marin B, Fullilove M; University of California San Francisco, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Data from the AIDS In Multi-Ethnic Neighborhoods survey are used to test Stages 1 & 3 of ARRM (a three stage process model of sexual risk behavior change; Catania, Kegeles, & Coates, 1990). Stage 1 analyses examine predictors of labeling one s sexual behavior in terms of HIV risk; Stage 3 concerns pr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:149 (abstract no. Th.D.63)
Hodel D, Wilkinson SD; The PWA Health Group, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the history and development of the AIDS treatment substratum in the context of inferior treatment access systems in the United States . METHODS: The case history of the PWA Health Group (New York City) is documented and investigated in detail, via questionnaire, client and physician interviews, an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:149 (abstract no. Th.D.62)
Austein C, Walkover M, Hadley E; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, D.C., USA
OBJECTIVE: To study the possibility of providing insurance coverage for investigational drugs to treat life-threatening diseases. METHODS: The study includes an analysis of the various types of investigational drugs available for patients with AIDS or other life-threatening illnesses. These include treatment INDs, grou
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:149 (abstract no. Th.D.61)
Westphal Victor B, Widdus R, Schietinger H; The Nordic School of Public Health, Goteborg, Sweden
OBJECTIVES: To analyze and compare selected home care programmes for persons with HIV-infection and their families in Africa; to discuss the programmes in the context of national AIDS policies and strategies and WHO s Health for All strategy and WHO policy documents; to suggest ways of learning from and sharing the kno
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:148 (abstract no. Th.D.60)
Batki SL, London J, Goosby E, Clement M, Wolfe R, Ryan C, French D, Young M, Miller D, Christmas R, et al; University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the utilization of medical services provided for HIV-infected intravenous drug users (IVDUs) on-site at a methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program. METHOD: On-site primary medical care was provided to serve 175 IVDUs in an MMT program at San Francisco General Hospital. Services were provided
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:148 (abstract no. Th.D.59)
Hidalgo J, Sugland B, Moore R, Chaisson RE; Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, AIDS Administration, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: Earlier studies have concluded that zidovudine (ZVD) and pentamidine produce significant increases in survival among PWAs. Despite the historically high cost and limited availability of ZVD and pentamidine, researchers have not adequately investigated the impact of access to these treatments on survival. Thi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:148 (abstract no. Th.D.58)
Marcel AJ, Charles C, Pierre-Louis E, Romulus JR, Michel C, Landesman SH; SUNY Health Science Ctr./Kings County Hosp Ctr., Brooklyn, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: Are early intervention, adequate counseling and follow up feasible in a population reluctant to seek medical care? METHODS: From 4/88 to 12/89 50 persons (22M, 28F) testing HIV+ for immigration purposes were referred to a Haitian physician. All underwent counseling in Creole, a brief physical exam and lab ev
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:148 (abstract no. Th.D.57)
Kramer AS, Brownstein AP; The National Hemophilia Foundation, New York, NY USA
OBJECTIVE: To provide access to government-sponsored clinical trials for HIV-infected persons with hemophilia at the comprehensive hemophilia treatment centers (HTC) where approximately 50% of hemophilia patients in the U.S. receive care. METHOD: Of the 10 geographic regions (designated by the Department of Health and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:147 (abstract no. Th.D.56)
Holland J, Ramazanoglu C, Scott S, Sharpe S, Thomson R; Institute of Education, London University, UK
This paper reports a qualitative investigation of the sexual practices, beliefs and understanding of young women, including their ideas and experience of risk, danger and control in sexual encounters. The implications of this information for the spread of HIV infection and sex and AIDS education are examined. We have g
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:147 (abstract no. Th.D.55)
Hoff CC, McKusick L, Coates T, Hilliard B; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco California USA
OBJECTIVE: As more gay men are tested for HIV antibody, it is becoming evident that serostatus will influence the nature of formation of primary partner bonds in this community. To investigate this question we compared tested seropositives, tested seronegatives, and those who did not know their serostatus or had not be
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:147 (abstract no. Th.D.54)
Gallois C, Kashima Y, Hills R, McCamish M; University of Queensland, St. Lucia (Brisbane), Queensland, Australia
OBJECTIVES: To determine the preferred sexual strategies for reducing risk of HIV infection among sexually active heterosexual men and women and homosexual men. To compare these preferences to past behaviour, intentions and behaviour at the next sexual encounter, using recent revisions of the Theory of Reasoned Action
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:147 (abstract no. Th.D.53)
Wilson D, Lavelle S; University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
OBJECTIVE: To identify psychosocial predictors of intended condom use among adolescents to develop optimally effective AIDS education approaches for this group. METHOD: Respondents were a purposive sample of 635 (388 male, 247 female) volunteers (mean age=18.2, SD=2.2) from urban and rural secondary schools in all Zimb
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:146 (abstract no. Th.D.52)
Didier B, Lorenz N, Ouedraogo LH, Zina Y, Barth P, Rehle T; Ministere de la Sante et de l'Action Sociale, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
OBJECTIVE: To obtain baseline data and to planify HIV education programs an HIV-seroprevalence-study combined with a KAP-Study were carried out among prostitutes working at a gold prospecting site in the North of Burkina Faso . METHODS: All 38 known prostitutes on the site were interviewed using a questionnaire and a b
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:146 (abstract no. Th.D.51)
Valdespino JL, Loo E, Izazola JA, Garcia ML, Magis C, Sepulveda J; General Directorate of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Mexico
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the socio-demographic profile, sexual practices, knowledge and attitudes on AIDS, condom use, and risk factors in female sex workers (FSW). METHODS: Results of KAB surveys and pilot studies are analyzed in a group of 3,612 FSW in 20 cities in Mexico ; studied variables were: sociodemographic char
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:146 (abstract no. Th.D.50)
Sawazaki Y, Kehoe J; Department of Health Sociology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
OBJECTIVE: Though the majority of HIV patients in Japan are Haemophiliacs, the sexual transmission of HIV is increasing. To date, there has been no social research carried out on the sexual transmission of AIDS in Japan. This study looks specifically at Gay Men, exploring their knowledge, attitudes and experience in re
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:146 (abstract no. Th.D.49)
Doll L; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
OBJECTIVE: Describe nonhomosexually identified men who have sex with men. METHODS: From June 1988-September 1989, 200 seropositive male blood donors who had sex with men were interviewed regarding HIV-related risk behaviors. Self-reported sexual identity was measured on a 7-pt. Kinsey scale. Perception of HIV risk was
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:173 (abstract no. Th.D.223)
Couteau P, Wallace B, Michael L, Brever N; League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Geneva, Switzerland
OBJECTIVE: To describe AIDS workplace training in a multicultural international organisation, including policy development, in which non-discrimination and integration of AIDS activities into staff s on-going work are stressed. METHODS: Using extensive interviews and consultation with staff members from all regions of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:173 (abstract no. Th.D.222)
Vernon DM; Walter Reed Retrovirology Research Working Group, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, USA
OBJECTIVE: Examines the effect of the Army s AIDS policy on the military worksite. METHODS: Thirteen HIV+ soldiers were followed from diagnosis (late 1986, early 1987) until late November 1988. Initially diagnosed in Europe, these male soldiers and their commanders were interviewed pre-transfer to a US post (T1), one y
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:173 (abstract no. Th.D.221)
Tavrow PA; USAID, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
OBJECTIVE: To test whether making condoms easily, reliably, and anonymously available to employees in workplaces in Dar es Salaam, in the absence of active promotion or counseling, leads to changed attitudes and practices in regard to sexual behavior of urban African men and women. METHODS: Starting in mid-1988, severa
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:173 (abstract no. Th.D.220)
Leonard J, Hartfield K, Smith K; Seattle-King County Department of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
OBJECTIVE: To measure the impact of workplace AIDS education on employee knowledge and attitudes about people with AIDS and people at risk for HIV infection. METHODS: We developed a two-hour curriculum, augmenting our standard AIDS 101 curriculum with additional materials on AIDS-related prejudice, discrimination, and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:172 (abstract no. Th.D.219)
Moreira Lima MD, Rodrigues LG, Rodrigues JF Jr; National Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases/AIDS-Ministry of Health-Brazil
CONTEXT: Nearly 20 million individuals work in the approximately 3 million enterprises in Brazil . These individuals are predominantly in the age group 18-48, in which the majority of AIDS cases in the country falls. This fact led the STD/AIDS Division of the Ministry of Health in Brazil to start out actions targeted a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:172 (abstract no. Th.D.218)
Mposo N, Bertozzi S, Kamenga M, Doppagne A, Engele B, Ryder R; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of HIV infection on health care utilization at large service corporation in Zaire . METHODS: We used a previously identified cohort of HIV positive (ELISA/Western Blot) employees (n=90) at a large bank in Kinshasa and selected a seronegative control cohort of equal size, individually m
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:172 (abstract no. Th.D.216)
Cowen E, Maddix J; DC Area Resource Center of Mid-Atlantic AIDS Education & Training Center, Georgetown U., Washington, DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: The effectiveness of the Whitman-Walker Clinic s AIDS in the Workplace intervention program was evaluated. METHODS: Prior to attending the AIDS in the Workplace workshop developed and presented by staff members of the Whitman-Walker Clinic (D.C. s primary community-based AIDS service agency), 289 federal and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:171 (abstract no. Th.D.215)
Nau CJ; Syntex Corporation, Palo Alto, California, USA
A key factor in the American civil rights revolution of the sixties and early seventies was not just the passage of federal and state anti-discrimination legislation but corporate America s response to those legal mandates and proscriptions. To properly recognize the rights of HIV-infected employees, as well as to prev
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:171 (abstract no. Th.D.214)
Yelin EH, Greenblatt R, Hollander H, McMaster J; University of California, San Francisco, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors (RF) for work disability (WD) among persons with HIV-related illness (HIV). WD is defined as total cessation of employment among those working at onset of illness. The RF analyzed include: symptoms and diagnoses of HIV, demographics, and the physical requirements and flexibility
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:171 (abstract no. Th.D.213)
Alves-Sa J, Sousa-Ura A, Sa-Leal A; Health Department, Tap Air Portugal, Lisboa, Portugal
At present, HIV infectivity in workplace is not only a medical problem since it concerns as well social, political, cultural, ethical and legal aspects. Any approach of workplace HIV infectivity must involve an increase in preventive measures in order to avoid new seropositives and protect against discrimination. The p
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:171 (abstract no. Th.D.212)
Rwakagiri F, Okware S; Federation of Uganda Employers, Uganda.
OBJECTIVE: The available data show that 85% of AIDS cases in Uganda is between 15 years to 55 years. This is the age that is in meaningful employment. In the absence of the drug nor vaccine against AIDS, in an effort to curtail the spread of AIDS, the employer has to devise means of letting the available information on
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:165 (abstract no. Th.D.128)
Gurdin P, Wiznia A, Canepa L; Leake and Watts Children's Home Inc., Yonkers, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that, by means of innovative recruitment and supportive services strategies, families can be identified which will adopt HIV-positive children. METHODS: A historical data base describing the HIV-positive children placed with foster families by Leake and Watts pioneering AIDS specialized foster
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:165 (abstract no. Th.D.127)
Kamenga M, DaSilva M, Muniaka K, Matela B, Batter V, Ryder R; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVES: To determine the impact premature maternal mortality has had on children whose mothers have died of HIV/AIDS (AIDS orphans). METHODS: Since 1986 475 newborn infants of 466 HIV(+) women and 616 newborn infants of 606 matched HIV(-) women have been followed. Within this cohort, a nested case-control study has
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:165 (abstract no. Th.D.126)
Conviser R, Grant C, Coye M; Children's Hospital AIDS Program, Newark, NJ, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine correlates of inpatient utilization for all children with AIDS hospitalized in New Jersey during 1987. METHODS: All New Jersey hospital discharge abstracts from 1987 were scanned for AIDS diagnoses and matched to the state AIDS Registry to find those corresponding to children under 13 with AIDS.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate attitudes about treatment for newborns in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) who are at risk for AIDS. METHODS: Questionnaires were distributed to physicians, nurses, and ethics committee members in NICUs at six hospitals in New York City; 247 responded. Treatment recommendations were elici
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:164 (abstract no. Th.D.124)
Greene D, McVinney D; Gay Men's Health Crisis, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to: 1) identify psychological themes and behaviors expressed by adult children of Persons With AIDS (PWA s) and 2) to identify counseling strategies specific to this population. METHOD: Information presented will be based upon descriptive data collected through five years of cl
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:164 (abstract no. Th.D.123)
Harris A, Nozyce M, Caffrey B, Wiznia A, Caspe W; Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the entire family dynamics and to offer individualized services to the non-infected siblings. METHODS: The clinic is currently following 90 children: 29 are in foster care, 20 with relatives and 31 are living with their biological mothers. Seven families have relocated and three have been lost to f
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:164 (abstract no. Th.D.122)
Boulos R, Halsey N, Coberly J, Holt E, Kissinger P, Brutus JR, Quinn T, Ruff A, Boulos C; The Centers for Development and Health, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate trends in seroprevalence of HIV-1 in pregnant women and the community impact of maternal HIV infection on survival of children. METHODS: From 1986-1989 women attending prenatal clinics in Cite Soleil were screened for antibodies to HIV-1. Infant mortality was estimated by conducting fertility and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:164 (abstract no. Th.D.121)
Badi N, Nsuami M, Mundele L, Utshudi M, Matela B, Ryder R; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVE: To measure the use and effect on fertility rates (FR) of BC techniques freely provided to a cohort of HIV(+) and HIV(-) mothers informed of their HIV serostatus during the immediate post-partum period. METHODS: 249 HIV(+) and 310 age-matched HIV(-) women were enrolled shortly before delivery in 1986-87. Foll
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:163 (abstract no. Th.D.117)
Bhimani GV, Gilada IS, Thakur V; Indian Health Organisation, J.J. Hospital, Bombay, India
OBJECTIVE: Legislation is likely to be the most conflictual area of sociopolitical response to AIDS. The need for international consensus was highlighted by the experience of a case study. METHOD: As a test case we were involved in countermanding a legislation in one of the states in India , demanding compulsory iso
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:162 (abstract no. Th.D.116)
Granados A, Miranda MJ, Martin L; Ministerio Justicia, Madrid, Espana
OBJECTIVE: is to know the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B and syphilis infection among the Spanish prison population, so as the risk factors which do determine it. In order to administer preventive or curative treatment. METHODOLOGY: A transversal study has been performed all over the Spanish prison population, in March
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:162 (abstract no. Th.D.115)
Galvan F, de la Pena R, Gonzalez R; Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, GIS-SIDA, AC, Mexico
OBJECTIVE: To describe what kind of human rights are frequently violated in AIDS related conditions. Explain the function of sociopolitical, legal and cultural factors in shaping such aggravating. METHODOLOGY: In-depth interviewing, opinion polls in-live research, documentary testimonial and subject analysis. RESULTS:
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:162 (abstract no. Th.D.113)
Grimshaw J, Jay M, Kelmanson A; National AIDS Trust (NAT), London, England
OBJECTIVE: A group of voluntary organisations concerned with AIDS and HIV is seeking to raise awareness of the human rights dimensions of the treatment of people with AIDS and HIV in the UK and internationally. METHODS: A working group, convened by the NAT, established a list of shared concerns which have been related
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:158 (abstract no. Th.C.99)
Mati J, Maggwa A, Chewe D, Solomon M, Mbugua S, Bhullar V, Tukei P, Hunter D, Achola P; University of Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between HIV infection and contraceptive use among women not believed to be at high risk for HIV. METHODS: Between Oct. 1989 and Jan. 1990, consenting women attending two Nairobi family planning (FP) clinics were screened for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD),
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:158 (abstract no. Th.C.98)
Chiphangwi J, Dallabetta G, Saah A, Liomba G, Miotti P; Ministry of Health, Malawi
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and associated risk factors for HIV-1 infection in pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic. METHODS: 1482 pregnant women presenting for routine care to the antenatal clinic of a large urban hospital in Malawi were interviewed to assess risk factors for HIV-1 infection in the pre
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:158 (abstract no. Th.C.97)
Laga M, Nzila N, Manoka AT, Malele M, Bush TJ, Behets F, Heyward WL, Piot P, Ryder R; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors associated with HIV infection among prostitutes in Kinshasa, Zaire . METHODS: Among 493 HIV (-) prostitutes followed prospectively for a mean duration of 11 months (with monthly STD checkups and HIV testing every 3 months), a case control study was conducted. Cases (n=42) were women
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:316 (abstract no. Th.C.767)
Empfield M, Cournos F, Weinstock A, Mayers M, Meyer I, Agosin B; Creedmoor Psychiatric Center, Queens, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the changing rate of HIV seroprevalence and risk taking behavior among a group of high risk psychiatric patients, i.e., the homeless mentally ill who shun health care services and are involuntarily hospitalized by mental health teams in New York City. METHODS: The study is conducted on the Creed
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:316 (abstract no. Th.C.766)
Rautenberg EL, Weisfuse IB; NYC Dept. of Health, AIDS Program Services, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To project ambulatory, laboratory and pharmaceutical needs of a largely asymptomatic population by utilizing seroprevalence data combined with information on current immunologic status of seropositive persons. METHODS: A blinded, anonymous serosurvey was conducted in Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics duri
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:316 (abstract no. Th.C.765)
Brandon D, Altman R, Shahied S, Patel R, Pizzuti W, Robeson L; New Jersey State Department of Health, Trenton, NJ, USA
OBJECTIVE: The City of Newark has a very high AIDS case rate; in 1988 the AIDS incidence rate was 133/100,000. In order to determine the prevalence of HIV-1 infection in various populations in this high incidence city, we conducted HIV-1 testing of clients attending various Newark-based clinics and of infants born in N
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:316 (abstract no. Th.C.764)
Altman R, Shahied S, Pizzuti W, Brandon D, Freund C, Dimasi L; New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, New Jersey, USA
OBJECTIVE: Most statewide premarital HIV-1 testing has been done because of laws in low AIDS incidence states, with a low HIV-1 prevalence being found in these premarital specimens. Therefore, such testing was not considered to have public health value. We have looked at premarital HIV-1 testing in the state with the s
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:315 (abstract no. Th.C.763)
Zierler S, Feingold L, Laufer D, Carpenter C, Mayer K; The New England Behavioral Health Study, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe pattern of occurrence of HIV infection in a heterosexual cohort. METHODS: Interviews and serologies from 653 participants of a population-based prospective study of heterosexual spread of HIV infection provided basis for mathematical modeling of exposure to blood, semen, race, gender, and partner
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:315 (abstract no. Th.C.762)
Masiero J, Chen R, Armour G, Sone C, Fischl MA; University of Miami AIDS Clinical Research Unit, Miami, Florida, USA
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the pattern of heterosexual transmission of HIV among adult AIDS cases reported to the Public Health Department (PHD) in a large urban area. METHODS: An active surveillance program emphasizing accurate, systematic retrieval of demographic information, risk information, and HIV disease patterns h
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:315 (abstract no. Th.C.761)
Fullilove M, Wiley J, Fullilove R, Catania J, Golden E, Hulley S; UCSF, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of HIV and AIDS risk behaviors in a probability sample of single adults in San Francisco, California. METHOD: The Amen Study is a population-based survey of 1781 single adults in three high risk San Francisco neighborhoods. A 45-minute interview was conducted in which respondents wer
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:315 (abstract no. Th.C.760)
Moran JS, Peterman TA, Gershman KA, Rolfs RA, Nakashima AK, Zaidi A; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: Gonorrhea (NG) and syphilis are markers for sexual behaviors that permit transmission of HIV. We analyzed trends in NG and syphilis incidence to learn how they have changed in the US and its subpopulations. METHODS: We reviewed NG and primary and secondary syphilis reported for 1981-88 to CDC. In this abstra
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:314 (abstract no. Th.C.759)
Cowan DN, Pomerantz RS, Wann ZF, Goldenbaum M, Brundage JF, Miller RN, Burke DS; SRA Technologies, Inc., Alexandria, VA, USA
OBJECTIVES: Assess HIV infection prevalence, incidence, and risk factors in Army Reserve Components (RC) members. METHODS: Members of the RC are required to be tested for HIV infection every 2 years, providing prevalence and incidence information in a large, primarily civilian, geographically dispersed population. Fact
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:314 (abstract no. Th.C.758)
Gardner L, Brundage JF, Goldenbaum MB, Burke DS, Miller RN; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe the demographic and geographic correlates of HIV prevalence, incidence and incidence acceleration in over 2 million U.S. civilian applicants for military service over the past 4 years. METHODS: Prevalence trends are examined by year of age separately for males and females. Geographic aggregation
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:314 (abstract no. Th.C.757)
Warner R, Wolfe W, Mathis R, Wright E; Epidemiology Division, US Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, Texas, USA
OBJECTIVE: Total-force HIV screening of active duty US Air Force (USAF) members was begun to identify blood donor deferrals and to determine the incidence of seroconversion in this population. METHODS: Seroconverters were defined as USAF members who tested positive for HIV antibodies by repeated ELISA and Western blot
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:314 (abstract no. Th.C.756)
McNeil J, Wann F, Renzullo P, Brundage J, Redfield R, Burke D, Miller R; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe temporal trends and demographic correlates of incident HIV seroconversion within the United States Army. METHODS: The Department of Defense has provided routine HIB-Ab screening for the uniformed services and for civilian applicants for military service since November 1985. Within the US Army, so
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:313 (abstract no. Th.C.755)
Favero MS, Alter MJ; Centers For Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the annual number and types of U.S. dialysis centers that report dialyzing HIV-infected patients, that routinely test patients for anti-HIV, and the trends in patient numbers. METHODS: Each year a mailed questionnaire was sent to all HCFA licensed dialysis centers to obtain information on the nu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:313 (abstract no. Th.C.754)
Petersen LR, Engel R, Herring N; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To monitor nationwide levels and trends of HIV infection in an accessible segment of the general population not selected on the basis of HIV risk factors and not self-selected. METHODS: Anonymous, unlinked (blinded) HIV-seroprevalence survey of leftover specimens submitted by 6,000 primary care physicians to
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:313 (abstract no. Th.C.753)
McCormick A; Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, London, WC2B 6JP, UK
OBJECTIVE: Standardised mortality ratios for ninety-five possibly HIV-related causes increased for never-married men aged 15-54 years from 100 in 1984 to 119 in 1988. HIV infection was stated as the cause for only 56% of excess deaths. The study aimed to establish for how many of the remainder HIV infection was undiagn
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:313 (abstract no. Th.C.752)
Davoli M, Rapiti E, Forastiere F, Fiume A, Arca M, Perucci CA; Regional Epidemiology Unit, Rome, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To examine AIDS incidence, overall and cause specific mortality rates among intravenous drug users in Italy . METHODS: -A cohort of 4202 drug users attending (period 1980-88), at least once, three drug treatment centers in Rome followed-up until 12/31/1988; - AIDS incidence assessed through the Latium HIV Su
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact on premature mortality of AIDS in Italy both in the present time and in the near future. METHODS: The demographic indicators referred to as the Years of Potential Life Lost before 65 years were used to evaluate the impact of a mortality cause in the early adulthood in the whole country
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:312 (abstract no. Th.C.750)
Kaseka N, Batter V, Ndilu M, Kamenga M, Safi E, Kambale R, Ryder R; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVES: To calculate the yearly HIV incidence, prevalence and mortality in 5766 employees of 2 large businesses and their 4917 spouses. METHODS: Between 1987 and 1989 all employees at 2 businesses and their spouses have undergone 3 annual physical examinations and HIV serology testing. A questionnaire to identify r
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:312 (abstract no. Th.C.749)
Kapita B, Nyst M, Liambi L, Behets F, Perriens J; Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire
METHODS: Between Feb 1 and Oct 31, 1989 all consecutive admissions to the 209 bed internal medicine dept. of Mama Yemo Hospital were evaluated with a surveillance card containing demographic and risk factor information, entries corresponding to the modified WHO defined clinical case definition of AIDS, used to diagnose
OBJECTIVE: To provide a preliminary assessment of the impact of HIV infection on childhood mortality in rural Rakai District, by comparing mortality rates of children born to HIV positive mothers to those of children born to HIV negative mothers. METHODS: In a community based study carried out in Rakai District, indivi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:311 (abstract no. Th.C.747)
Wells G, Rylett D, Semenciw R, Nault P; Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of AIDS on premature mortality and risk of dying in Canada during the 1980s and evaluate future trends. METHODS: For adults aged 15-64, Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) and mortality rates were calculated based on data from Statistics Canada and the National AIDS Surveillance System.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:311 (abstract no. Th.C.746)
Koblin B, Morrison J, Taylor P, Stoneburner R, Stevens C; The New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (MRs) from 1978-88 among a cohort of homosexual men in NYC. METHODS: Subjects were 8925 homosexual men; 8833 participated in studies of hepatitis B from 1978-83 of whom 758 were recruited into a prospective study of AIDS in 1984; 92 were recruited into
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:311 (abstract no. Th.C.745)
Duliege AM, Wang E, Singleton J, Maldonado Y; Stanford University Medical Center, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of AIDS and HIV infection relative to other leading causes of death in children in California from 1979-87. METHODS: The leading causes of death for children less than 15 years of age were obtained from vital statistics data for the state of California. Among them, bacterial, viral or op
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:311 (abstract no. Th.C.744)
Chu S, Buehler J, Berkelman R; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of HIV infection on mortality in women of reproductive age in the United States . METHODS: We used final (1985-87) and provisional (1988) data from national vital statistics to describe HIV-related deaths among women aged 15-44 years. RESULTS: While other causes of death among women 15-4
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:310 (abstract no. Th.C.743)
Kilbourne BW, Chu SY, Oxtoby MJ, Rogers MF; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of HIV infection on mortality in adolescents and young adults in the United States . METHODS: Using national vital statistics data for 1987, we compared deaths for which the underlying cause was HIV infection with other leading causes of death in 10-24 year olds (y.o.). Analysis was done
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:310 (abstract no. Th.C.742)
Oxtoby M, Mascola L, Cooper B, Hindin R, Maldonado Y, Parrott R, Moye J; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
OBJECTIVES: To describe clinically recognized pediatric HIV infections. METHODS: In 1/89 active surveillance for living children less than 13 yrs infected with HIV or born to infected mothers was established in 6 areas which report 40% of pediatric AIDS cases in the U.S. Demographic, clinical and social service data we
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:310 (abstract no. Th.C.741)
Nahlen B, Lieb L, Kunz B; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe non-AIDS cases reported to LAC and to assess the impact of the 1987 revised case definition (87CD) on reclassification of non-AIDS cases. METHODS: Reports of suspected AIDS cases which do not meet the case definition applicable at the time of the initial investigation are retained and periodicall
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:310 (abstract no. Th.C.740)
Desmond-Hellmann SD, Mbidde EK, Kizito A, Hellmann NS; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: HIV testing is expensive and not widely available in rural Africa. Aggressive KS is an easily recognized manifestation of HIV infection in African patients. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of a case definition for disseminated (epidemic) KS in predicting seropositivity. METHODS: All patients pre
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:309 (abstract no. Th.C.739)
Werneck E, Kritski AL, Cury D, Ferraz CM, Hollanda T, Galvao-Castro B; Instituto de Tisiologia e Pneumologia-UFRJ, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To test the WCCDA in patients with APT. METHODS: From Feb. 1987 to Dec. 1989 we performed a physical examination and a standardized questionnaire which covered all parts of the WCCDA was applied to 567 adult inpatients with APT at Santa Maria and Ari Parreira State Hospitals who agreed to be tested for HIV i
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:309 (abstract no. Th.C.738)
Sokal D, Auvert B; AIDSTECH/FHI, North Carolina, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between STD surveillance and control, and AIDS control programs. METHODS: A Monte Carlo simulation model is used to analyze the dynamics of HIV transmission given various levels of STDs and STD control programs. Initial model conditions are studied to achieve stable STD prevalence
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:309 (abstract no. Th.C.737)
Buskin S, Hopkins S, Chamberland M; Seattle/King County Department of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
OBJECTIVES: (1) To enumerate persons with HIV infection at different types of outpatient sites in Seattle. (2) To characterize and classify infections, conditions and medical service usage in this population. (3) To examine the use of CD4 counts in treatment and prophylaxis decisions made at these sites. METHODS: As pa
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:309 (abstract no. Th.C.736)
Modesitt S, Espenlaub C, Klockner R, Fleming D; Oregon Health Division, Portland, Oregon, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the characteristics of AIDS cases diagnosed as outpatients differ from those diagnosed as in-patients. METHODS: Physicians reporting AIDS cases in Oregon are asked to indicate on the case report form whether the diagnosis of AIDS was made in the inpatient (IP) or outpatient (OP) setting.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:308 (abstract no. Th.C.735)
O'Keith G, Froelicher E, Garza A, Lieb L, Eastman C, Williams A; Los Angeles County (LAC) Department of Health Services, AIDS Epidemiology Program, Los Angeles, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of ICD-9 coded hospital discharge data to identify previously unreported AIDS cases in LAC. METHODS: Lists of patients with AIDS-indicative ICD-9 coded discharge diagnoses (042, 043, 044, 279.10, 279.19, 279.30, 136.3, 130.0, 117.5, 321.0, 078.5 and 484.1) were obtained from five hospital
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:308 (abstract no. Th.C.734)
Casabona J, Sanchez E, Graus F, Campillo M, Albos J, Segura A; AIDS Program, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
OBJECTIVES: 1- To describe the demographic and epidemiologic characteristics of AIDS patients presenting with an indicative neurologic disorder (IND); 2- to evaluate a possible temporal trend of such a presenting form; and 3- to evaluate its possible influence on the patients survival. METHODS: Data from all AIDS patie
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:308 (abstract no. Th.C.733)
Malkin JE, Prazuck T, Simonnet F, Tiendrebeogo H, Fisch A, Ayeroue J, Vincent-Ballereau F; G.E.E.P.: Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, Burkina Faso
OBJECTIVES: 1) To determine the prevalence of HIV infection in a TB population in a West African area. 2) To evaluate the predictive value of symptoms encountered in that particular population. 3) To assess clinical and bacteriological evolution of patients under anti-TB treatment, according to their serological status
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:308 (abstract no. Th.C.732)
Yesso G, Bretton R, Bretton G, Coulibaly IM, Coulibaly D, Barrere B, Gnaore E, De Cock KM; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of HIV infection on trends in tuberculosis (TB) incidence and natural history in Abidjan between 1985 (when AIDS was first recognized) and 1989. METHODS: Records of all ambulatory patients treated for TB in Abidjan s two TB Treatment Centers from 1985-1989 were examined. From mid-198
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:307 (abstract no. Th.C.731)
Sanches K, Almeida E, Pinto M, Sole-Cava A; Pan American Health Organization, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work was to undertake an in-depth analysis of the relationship between tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS, according to risk group, in Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: We investigated all subjects who died of AIDS until Dec., 1989, as reported in the files of the Health Secretary of State. Only the cases
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:307 (abstract no. Th.C.730)
Morais-de-sa CA, Sion FS, Quinhoes EP, Ismael C, Eyer-Silva WA, Signorini DJ, Cunha-Pinto JF, Motta-Ferreira LE; National AIDS Referral Center, Gaffree & Guinle University Hospital University of Rio de Janeiro (UNI-RIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To study trends of Tuberculosis (TB) infection in HIV infected patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . METHODS: We studied HIV infected pts. from 1985 to 1989 at the National AIDS Referral Center, Gaffree & Guinle University Hospital, University of Rio de Janeiro, presenting pulmonary and/or extrapulmonary
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:307 (abstract no. Th.C.729)
Barry MA, Bernardo J, Murray C, Coppola D, Recla L, Werner B; Boston Dept. of Health & Hospitals, Boston, MA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine HIV seroprevalence rates in persons with TB infection with or without disease attending a municipal TB clinic. METHODS: Unlinked HIV testing was performed (by EIA & Western blot) on specimens from persons with confirmed or suspected TB attending a municipal TB Clinic in Boston from 5/88-11/8
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:307 (abstract no. Th.C.728)
Greenberg B, Weisfuse I, Back S, Tiwari I, Gainey S, Adler J; New York City Department of Health, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of HIV-1 infection in NYCDOH TB clinic patients. METHODS: A blinded serosurvey has been conducted since January, 1989 in patients who have bloods drawn for liver function tests. Serum specimens are tested by ELISA with confirmatory Western Blot. Demographic information include
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:306 (abstract no. Th.C.727)
Castro KG, Metchock BG, McGowan JE Jr, Thompson SE, Curran JW; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of HIV-associated mycobacterial infections (MI) at GMH, which serves the indigent population of Atlanta. METHODS: Positive mycobacterial cultures from GMH, Jan-Nov 1989 were analyzed by patient s gender, HIV status, organism, specimen source, and compared with 1982. RESULTS: MI occur
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:306 (abstract no. Th.C.726)
Hnath R, McCray E, Onorato IM; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the seroprevalence of HIV among patients attending tuberculosis (TB) clinics in the United States . METHODS: Blinded serosurveys are being conducted among patients attending TB clinics in 33 metropolitan areas (MAs). Sera from consecutive TB patients are tested for antibody to HIV after routine t
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:306 (abstract no. Th.C.725)
Cauthen GM, Bloch AB, Snider DE; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: Determine the number of reported AIDS patients with tuberculosis (TB) in the United States . METHODS: AIDS and TB registers through 1988 were matched in 49 States, 3 large California cities (San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego), Puerto Rico , and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:306 (abstract no. Th.C.724)
Bush TJ, Castro KG, Kreiss JK, Curran JW; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: Identify differences in the distribution of opportunistic diseases in United States (US) AIDS cases born in developing countries. METHODS: AIDS cases reported to CDC through December, 1989 were stratified by transmission category and analyzed for frequency of opportunistic diseases by country or region of bi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:305 (abstract no. Th.C.723)
Kaldor J, Crofts N, Swanson C, McDonald A, Cooper D; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, Australia
OBJECTIVE: To monitor the incidence of AIDS and the prevalence of diagnosed HIV infection in Australia . METHODS: National surveillance for HIV infection and AIDS in Australia is carried out by a central epidemiological unit in collaboration with State and Territory Health Authorities. The Unit is responsible for quali
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:305 (abstract no. Th.C.722)
Goldberg D, Emslie J, Green S, Smyth W, Reid D; Communicable Diseases (Scotland) Unit, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
To the end of 1989, a total of 132 cases of AIDS had been reported to the Communicable Diseases (Scotland) Unit, the majority of which were homosexual/bisexual (70 (53%)). By contrast 1729 HIV antibody positive cases had been reported, 910 (52.6%) of which were heterosexual injecting drug users (IDUs) and only 280 (16.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:305 (abstract no. Th.C.721)
Smith E, Mathiesen L, Skinhoj P, Seefeldt T, Isager H; Dept. of Epid., State Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of the notified Danish AIDS patients meeting only the 1987 AIDS case revision. METHODS: All notified Danish AIDS cases were reevaluated in order to find those meeting only the 1987 AIDS case definition (ACD). A retrospective follow-up was done on e
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:305 (abstract no. Th.C.720)
Ancelle-Park R, Couturier E, Downs AM, Brunet JB; WHO Collaborating Centre on AIDS, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To assess the apparent impact of the 1987 revision of the CDC/WHO case definition on the surveillance of AIDS in Europe. METHODS: Analysis was carried out on data reported by December 1988 by 23 European countries. Information was recorded on 5 of 12 newly included definitively diagnosed indicator diseases,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:304 (abstract no. Th.C.719)
Soro B, Moreau J, Gershy-Damet G, Odehouri K, Lavreys L, Lafontaine MF, Porter A, De Cock KM, Heyward WL; Comite National de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
OBJECTIVES: To provide descriptive characteristics of AIDS, and to calculate minimum cumulative incidence of AIDS in Cote d Ivoire . METHODS: Case records of major hospitals and reference laboratories for AIDS were reviewed. AIDS was diagnosed if a patient was HIV-positive, and met criteria of the WHO clinical case def
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:304 (abstract no. Th.C.718)
Cleghorn F, Battoo K, Diaz C, Balbosa S, Jack N, Blattner W, Bartholomew C; The University of the West Indies/CAREC, Port of Spain, Trinidad
OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology of AIDS in Trinidad . METHODS: Surveillance for cases of AIDS was conducted throughout the country and demographic and interview data collected. RESULTS: From 1983 to December 31, 1989, 551 cases of AIDS have been reported in Trinidad (cum. rate - 46/100,000). In 1983/84 the ris
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:304 (abstract no. Th.C.717)
Valdespino JL, Garcia L, Mora JL, Magis C, Salcedo A, Bravo E, Sepulveda J; General Directorate of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Mexico
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the development of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Mexico which holds the 4th place in number of cases in the Americas. METHODS: Data of the AIDS National Registry were analyzed. Estimates of infected population and projections of cases foreseen for the coming four years were based on the HIV-1 seroepid
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:304 (abstract no. Th.C.716)
Garcia ML, Salcedo A, Bravo E, Martinez J, Mora JL, Valdespino JL, Sepulveda J; General Directorate of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Mexico
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of pediatric AIDS cases in Mexico . METHODS: Pediatric registries of AIDS National Registry were analyzed. RESULTS: Pediatric cases represent 3.8% (134/3512) of total AIDS cases. Transmission categories are as follows: hemophiliacs 24.6%; transfusion recip
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:303 (abstract no. Th.C.715)
Bravo E, Magis C, Salcedo RA, Garcia ML, Lezana MA, Sepulveda J; General Directorate of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Mexico
OBJECTIVE: To analyze distribution and trends of AIDS cases in the different socioeconomic strata in Mexico . METHODS: 2195 cases older than 12 years old notified to the National AIDS Registry were analyzed. Occupation rates were estimated from the National Health Serosurvey (1986). Patients were classified as belongin
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:303 (abstract no. Th.C.714)
Koifman RJ, Monteiro GT, Rodrigues R, Quinhoes EP, Noronha CP; Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Services, Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To determine the epidemiological changing patterns among female AIDS cases in Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: All known female AIDS cases in the city of Rio de Janeiro reported during 1984-89 (151 cases, cumulative incidence of .04/100,000 women) have been studied by hospital interviews. This paper presents some ep
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:303 (abstract no. Th.C.713)
Gianna MC, Chequer P, Castilho E, Kalichman A, Pinto V, Rodrigues L; State Health Department, Sao Paulo, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To determine the profile of the IVDU registered in the Center of Reference and Training in AIDS , Sao Paulo, Brazil . METHODS: Four thousand medical charts of outpatients registered in 1988 were reviewed. From those, 541 were IVDU. Socio-demographic, clinical and epidemiological data were collected. Patients
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:303 (abstract no. Th.C.712)
Bergamaschi D, Rodrigues L, Lima G; National Division of STD/AIDS-MOH, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To update the analysis of pediatric AIDS cases in Brazil , identifying high-risk groups. METHODS: The analysis was based on all pediatric cases reported to the Ministry of Health from 1980 to 1989 and was carried out by means of cross tabulations and statistical tests. The main variables studied were categor
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:302 (abstract no. Th.C.711)
Castilho E, Chequer P, Rodrigues L; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical and epidemiological differentials between IVDU exposure category individuals and homo/bisexual exposure category individuals among adult male AIDS cases. METHODS: The data are from the Brazilian National AIDS registry. Product-limit survival functions, Mann-Whitney test, and chi-square w
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:302 (abstract no. Th.C.710)
Gonzalez R, Kimball AM, Zacarias F, Zessler L; Pan American Health Organization, 525 23rd Street N.W. Washington, D.C. 20037 USA
OBJECTIVE: To review, describe, and analyze regional surveillance information and complementary national information suggesting the trend of increasing cases of AIDS in women (attributed to heterosexual transmission) is being seen in Central America and Brazil . METHODS: Regionally reported case information from 1986-1
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:302 (abstract no. Th.C.709)
Wortman JA; Division of STD Control, Ministry of Health, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the pattern of AIDS spread in the Canadian aboriginal population for the purpose of shaping prevention strategies. METHODS: The AIDS data for aboriginals, caucasians and blacks in Canada is examined and compared to the AIDS epidemiology models of pattern I and II countries. RESULTS: TABULAR D
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:302 (abstract no. Th.C.708)
Greenberg AE, Evans R, Bryan E, Lopez E, Thomas P; AIDS Surveillance Unit, NYC Dept of Health, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the completeness of AIDS case reporting and the spectrum of HIV-related disease among outpatients in New York City. METHODS: Medical records of AIDS and HIV (non-AIDS) outpatients followed through 1989 at 4 NYC hospital HIV clinics and 2 private physicians offices (PPOs) were reviewed; AIDS cases w
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:301 (abstract no. Th.C.707)
Thomas PA, Hindin R, Greenberg A, Lopez E, Bernard G, Weisfuse I; New York City (NYC) Department of Health, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a decreasing incidence of reported NYC AIDS cases. METHODS: Incident cases as defined by CDC are examined by half-year of diagnosis in a continuous hospital-based surveillance having a median reporting lag of 3-4 months. Completeness is assessed by comparison with alternate data sources (death ce
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:301 (abstract no. Th.C.706)
Berkelman R, Fleming P, Green T, Gwinn M, Stehr-Green J, Curran J; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the trends and characteristics of AIDS cases among female and heterosexual male IVDUs and their sex partners (SP) in the Southeastern United States (SE). METHODS: CDC surveillance data for women and heterosexual men reporting IVDU or sexual contact with an IVDU (SP-IVDU) were examined by year of d
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:301 (abstract no. Th.C.705)
Aldrich MR, Payne SF, Margolis E, Biernacki P, Feldman HW; Youth Environment Study (YES), San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate mapping of the spread of AIDS among San Francisco drug injectors (DIs) by neighborhood, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation, 1987-89, to target prevention efforts. METHODS: Reported heterosexual and homosexual/bisexual DI AIDS incidence was computer-mapped by census tract neighborhoods and eth
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:301 (abstract no. Th.C.704)
Lieb L, Nahlen B, Wakamatsu P; Los Angeles County (LAC) Department of Health Services, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe temporal trends in the timeliness of AIDS case reporting in LAC. METHODS: AIDS cases reported to the LAC surveillance registry between 1/1/84 and 12/31/89 were analyzed by dates of diagnosis and report, patient characteristics, and AIDS-indicator disease. The 135 reporting hospitals were grouped
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:300 (abstract no. Th.C.703)
Capell FJ, Vugia DJ, Wilson MJ, Mordaunt V; California Department of Health Services, Sacramento, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To summarize data on AIDS and HIV among California (CA) women, with regard to recent trends and in comparison to the rest of the US. METHODS: Female intravenous drug use (IVDU) and heterosexual contact (HC) AIDS cases reported in CA through October 1989 are analyzed and compared with female cases from the re
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:300 (abstract no. Th.C.702)
Nwanyanwu O, Stehr-Green J, Berkelman R; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether male homosexual/bisexual intravenous drug users with AIDS (H/B-IVDUs) resemble male homosexual/bisexuals with AIDS (H/Bs) or male heterosexual intravenous drug users with AIDS (IVDUs) or are unique in their disease patterns. METHODS: We examined reports of adult H/B-IVDUs, H/Bs, and IVDU
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:300 (abstract no. Th.C.701)
Metler R, Stehr-Green J; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine and compare demographic characteristics among American Indians/Alaskan Natives (AI/AN) and other racial/ethnic groups with AIDS. METHODS: We examined U.S. AIDS cases reported to CDC through 12/31/89 by racial/ethnic group. RESULTS: There were 157 AIDS cases reported among AI/AN through 12/31/89 of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:300 (abstract no. Th.C.700)
Caldwell B, Fleming PL, Oxtoby MJ; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology of AIDS in children less than 13 years old. METHODS: AIDS cases reported to CDC prior to January 1, 1990 were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 1995 children under 13 reported with AIDS, 81% of cases were perinatally acquired (PA), 5% were in hemophiliacs, 11% were transfusion associate
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:299 (abstract no. Th.C.699)
Green TA, Karon J, Stehr-Green J; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe recent changes in trends in U.S. AIDS incidence and to determine which behavioral, demographic, and geographic subgroups account for observed changes. METHODS: Reported monthly AIDS cases were adjusted for reporting delays and smoothed using robust locally weighted regression (lowess). Reporting
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:299 (abstract no. Th.C.698)
Buehler J, Berkelman R, Stehr-Green J, Leary L; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the completeness of reporting of CDC-defined AIDS and the extent of severe HIV disease not included in surveillance criteria. METHODS: Published and unpublished evaluation of AIDS surveillance were reviewed and previous analyses of national vital statistics extended. RESULTS: Various methods have b
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:299 (abstract no. Th.C.697)
Beck EJ, Peters BS, Coleman DG, Harris JR, Pinching AJ; St. Mary's Hospital & Medical School, London W2 1PG, UK
OBJECTIVE: Describe morbidity and mortality trends in AIDS patients treated at St. Mary s Hospital. METHOD: Index diagnosis, subsequent morbidity and cause of death of AIDS patients diagnosed 1982-89 obtained from casenotes. Two-year survival calculated using Logrank Test (SAS). RESULTS: 347 patients, 51% with index di
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:299 (abstract no. Th.C.696)
Peters BS, Beck EJ, Coleman DG, Moss F, Harris JR, Pinching AJ; Dept of Immunology, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
OBJECTIVE: To study the contribution of zidovudine towards the increased survival time of people with AIDS treated at St. Mary s. METHODS: Two year survival of patients with AIDS was recorded by year of diagnosis. Zidovudine was introduced in April 1987. Therefore we analysed the difference in survival between those ta
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:298 (abstract no. Th.C.695)
Clark R, Greer D, Diamondstone L, Hyslop N; Tulane/LSU ACTU, New Orleans, LA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the cumulative risk of morbidity in HIV infected (HIV+) patients diagnosed with a Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) infection. METHOD: Hospital records of all HIV+ patients found to be infected with Cn either by microbiological or histopathologic evidence were reviewed retrospectively. All patients p
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:298 (abstract no. Th.C.694)
Laroche E, Stoneburner R, Araneta M, Adler J; The New York City Department of Health, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: The CDC AIDS case definition only recognizes extrapulmonary TB in HIV infected as being indicative of AIDS. We analyzed the survival of TB cases reported as AIDS to determine if disease site was a significant determinant of survival. METHODS: A match of TB, AIDS, and vital statistics registries for 1980-89 w
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:298 (abstract no. Th.C.693)
Payne SF, Lemp GF, Franks DF, Rutherford GW; AIDS Office, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine lengths of survival following diagnosis of specific AIDS-related opportunistic infections (OIs). METHODS: We calculated median survival (Kaplan-Meier) for AIDS patients presenting with OIs in SF from July 1981 to December 31, 1987. RESULTS: Median survival for AIDS patients presenting with Pneum
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:298 (abstract no. Th.C.692)
Fanning T, Cosler L, Gallagher P, Chiarella J, Andrews R, Turner B; New York State Dept. of Social Services, Albany, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiology, survival, and costs of pediatric (less than 13 years) AIDS cases in a poor population. METHODS: The Medicaid claims for one and one-half million children in the New York State over a five year period, 10/82-09/87, were screened for AIDS associated diagnoses. For presumptive p
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:297 (abstract no. Th.C.691)
Crystal S, Schiller N, Altman R, Costa S, Massey J, Beals J, Merzel C, Dulberg E; AIDS Research Group, Inst for Health, Rutgers Univ, New Brunswick 08903, NJ, USA
OBJECTIVE: To better ascertain survival status in AIDS, specifically cases in an AIDS case registry listed as not known to be dead. METHODS: As part of a statewide survey of needs of AIDS patients, samples totalling 275 cases listed as not known dead were drawn from the New Jersey AIDS Registry on 3 occasions. Sufficie
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:297 (abstract no. Th.C.690)
Seage GR, Oddleifson S, Carr E, Shea B, Makarewicz L; Boston Department of Health and Hospitals, Boston, MA. USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine survival time after diagnosis with Centers for Disease Control (CDC)-defined AIDS, and to identify predictors of survival. METHODS: All adult MA resident cases meeting the CDC definition for AIDS, and reported to the Massachusetts AIDS Surveillance Program (MASP), through 12/88 were included in
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:297 (abstract no. Th.C.689)
Conti L, LaLota M, Lieb S, Gill J, Sims J, Witte JJ; Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, Tallahassee, FL, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify factors related to the time of diagnosis of AIDS cases in Florida, a state with greater than 10,000 cases. METHODS: Adult cases diagnosed at death (DXD) were compared to cases diagnosed while alive (DXA). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for differences in race,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:297 (abstract no. Th.C.688)
Bennett CL, Bennett W, Gertler P, Kanouse D, Guze PA; UCLA School of Medicine, CA, USA
OBJECT: We evaluated both time trends and the relation of familiarity with PCP and in-hospital mortality for patients (pts) in the 93 VA hosps. METHODS: We identified all pts with first episode PCP by reviewing all VA computerized discharge abstracts for 1986 to 1989 (n=4 million). Hosps were subgrouped according to (a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:296 (abstract no. Th.C.687)
Hersh B, Byers R, Karon J, Buehler J; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe mortality and survival trends for homosexual/bisexual men with AIDS in the United States , relative to trends in AIDS cases. METHODS: We analyzed national surveillance data on AIDS incidence, deaths, and survival for 37,689 homosexual/bisexual men diagnosed with AIDS from 1984 through 1987 (survi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:296 (abstract no. Th.C.686)
Canas-Ferreira W, Costa C, Pinto AS, Champalimaud J, Mansinho K, Dias F, Silva PA, Prieto E, Sousa R, Araujo C, et al; Inst. Hyg. Tropical Medicine, New University of Lisbon, Portugal
OBJECTIVE: The objective is to determine a possible correlation between the time of appearance of HIV-2 replication markers and its clinical significance. METHODS: A group of 130 individuals were serially studied during a follow-up period of 36 months (1986-1989). Sera collected in 1986, 1988 and 1989 were tested by El
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:296 (abstract no. Th.C.685)
Martin R, Machado F, Menendez J, Zamora F; AIDS Research Laboratory, Cuba
OBJECTIVE: Determination of the seroprevalence of HIV and contribute to a proper follow-up of subjects infected with this virus. METHODS: More than 6 million subjects from different groups of population, including those with high-risk conduct, were studied for HIV-1. This work included also 30,931 subjects for the stud
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:296 (abstract no. Th.C.684)
Gillespie S, Chang Y, Lemp G, Arthur R, Buchbinder S, Steimle A, Baumgartner J, Rando T, Neal D, Rutherford G, et al; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta GA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of AIDS-related PML and to determine the seroprevalence of JC virus (JCV), an etiologic agent of PML, in HIV-infected individuals. METHOD: We compared AIDS-related PML cases reported to SFDPH to reported AIDS cases without PML. We also compared unreported PML cases identified thr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:295 (abstract no. Th.C.683)
Rabkin CS, Biggar RJ, Horm J; NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine which cancers have increased in incidence with the HIV epidemic and to quantitate the excess cancer burden due to HIV infection. METHODS: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program registers all incident cancers in San Francisco (SF) and 8 other geographic areas comprising 10%
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:295 (abstract no. Th.C.682)
Giraldo G, Beth-Giraldo E, Gallo RC, Serwadda D, Katangole-Mbidde E, Buonaguro FM, Tamburini M; Ist. Naz. Tumori "Fond. Pascale", Naples, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vivo effect of multiple herpesviruses infections, in compromising the immune system and/or their synergistic action in HIV-infected individuals. METHODS: Cross-sectional quantitative analyses of antibody prevalence to EBV, CMV , HHV-6 and HSV have been performed
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:295 (abstract no. Th.C.681)
Bartholomew C, Cleghorn F, Hull B, Battoo K, Diaz C, Blattner W; The University of the West Indies/CAREC, Port of Spain, Trinidad
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether HTLV-I may act as a co-factor for the development of AIDS. METHODS: A prospective study of 34 homosexual men who were singly infected with HIV and 6 who were doubly infected with HIV and HTLV-I has been in progress since January 1984. HTLV-I is an old endemic virus in
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:295 (abstract no. Th.C.680)
Drew WL, Perkins H, Garner J, Miner R; Mount Zion Hospital and Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: In vitro cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) and other herpesviruses may enhance HIV replication. To assess the clinical relevance of this observation, 45 patients who acquired HIV infection from blood transfusion have been followed for an average of 30 months. Thirty-two of 45, were CMV antibody positive and 13 were CM
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:294 (abstract no. Th.C.679)
Buchbinder S, Hessol N, Lifson A, O'Malley P, Barnhart L, Bodecker T, Cannon L, Rutherford G, Hadler S; AIDS Office, Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether acute or chronic hepatitis B (HB) infection or receipt of plasma-derived HB vaccine after HIV seroconversion (SC) accelerates progression to AIDS. METHODS: From 1978-1980, we enrolled 6,706 homosexual and bisexual men attending a municipal sexually transmitted disease clinic in studies
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:294 (abstract no. Th.C.678)
Kemeny ME, Duran R, Taylor SE, Weiner H, Visscher B, Fahey JL; UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: The goal of the study was to determine if chronic depression in HIV-1 seropositive gay men predicted changes in immune markers of HIV progression over a 5 year period. METHODS: Participants in the UCLA Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) hive filled out the CES-Depression scale and have had blood drawn for
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:294 (abstract no. Th.C.677)
Sorensen D, Graham NM, Odaka N, Brookmeyer R, Willett W, Polk BF; Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine if serum copper and zinc levels are associated with HIV-1 seropositivity and progression to AIDS in healthy gay men. METHODS: Frozen serum samples of 54 asymptomatic HIV-seropositives who later progressed to AIDS, 54 asymptomatic matched seropositives who did not progress to AIDS and 54 seronega
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:294 (abstract no. Th.C.676)
Louie L, Newman B, King MC; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
OBJECTIVE: To test whether host genotype influences disease progression to AIDS in HIV-1 infected persons. METHODS: We have extracted DNA from blood samples of 104 HIV seropositive Caucasian men in the following three clinical groups: 1) asymptomatic for at least 2 years (n = 29); 2) persistently symptomatic but withou
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:293 (abstract no. Th.C.675)
Park LP, Munoz A, Armenian H, Margolick J, Giorgi JV, Ferbas J, Bauer K, Kaslow RA, Fahey JL; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interaction between HIV-1 infection and smoking on the number of CD4 lymphocytes in the seroconverter sub-population of the MACS cohort. METHODS: 285 participants in the MACS cohort were seroconverters whose date of seroconversion (SC) was known within plus or minus 4 months. These 285 men
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:293 (abstract no. Th.C.674)
Yagi MJ, Joesten ME, Wallace J, Bekesi JG; Department of Neoplastic Diseases, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, NY, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify the earliest indicators of HIV-1 infection and clinical progression to AIDS. METHODS: Homosexual men at high risk to HIV-1 infection as determined by life style, were serially tested every 4 months since 1984 for anti-HIV-1 Ab, viral replication in tissue culture (TC), immune phenotyping and assa
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:293 (abstract no. Th.C.673)
McRae B, Goudsmit J, Sheppard H, Lange J, Ascher M, Allain JP; Abbott Laboratories, N Chicago, IL, USA
OBJECTIVE: Determine the spectrum of IgG immune response (IR) to p24 HIV protein in seroconverters. Evaluate the clinical significance of p24 antibody (Ab) titer. METHODS: Semiquantitation of p24 Ab using recombinant p24 as capture and probe. Titers are determined by the intercept of a dilution curve of each sample and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:293 (abstract no. Th.C.672)
Karlsson A, Holmberg V, Sandstrom E; The Gay Men's Health Clinic, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the usefulness of Beta-2-microglobulin (beta2m) and Neopterin in predicting disease progression in HIV disease. METHODS: A total of 1198 frozen serum samples, collected during 1983-88 in Stockholm from 185 homo- and bisexual men who were or turned HIV seropositive, were analyzed for beta2m and N
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:292 (abstract no. Th.C.671)
Jackson AL, Hofmann B, Cumberland W, Nishanian P, Rezai A, Detels R, Fahey JL; Becton-Dickinson, Mountain View, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to study the origin of the lymphocyte activation marker SIL-2R in vitro, to characterize the change in serum SIL-2R, and cell surface IL-2R after HIV seroconversion and later in the infection. METHODS: SIL-2R was measured by ELISA using Becton Dickinson reagents. Cell surface IL
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:292 (abstract no. Th.C.670)
Scillian J, McHugh T, Wang J, Sheppard H, Ascher M, Stites D; Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate anti-p24 levels measured by IRB assay to predict HIV disease progression. METHODS: Uniform, 5 mum polystyrene beads coated with rDNA-produced p24 (Chiron) were incubated with test sera (1:1000 & 1:50000), washed and labeled with phycoerythrin labeled anti-human IgG. Beads were then analyzed f
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:292 (abstract no. Th.C.669)
Coates R, Farewell V, Raboud J, Read S, Calzavara L, Major C, McLaughlin B, Fanning M, Shepherd F, MacFadden D, et al; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between certain clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic variables and progression to AIDS. METHODS: Since 1984, a cohort of male sexual contacts of men with HIV disease has been monitored, quarterly, with various laboratory tests, HIV serology, clinical examinations, and the col
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:292 (abstract no. Th.C.668)
Fahey JL, Taylor JM, Detels R, Hofmann B, Stehn S, Rinaldo C, Munoz A, Schrager L, Huprikar J, Graham N, et al; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Los Angeles, CA., USA
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the course of immune activation (B2M and neopterin) and immune deficiency (CD4 T cell levels) changes in the 2 or more years prior to development of AIDS. METHODS: 201 men who developed AIDS after 2 or more years of serial observations in the MACS study and a matched control population who di
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:291 (abstract no. Th.C.667)
Caussy D, Hilgartner MW, Cohen AR, Bray GL, Aledort LM, Goedert JJ; NCI Multicenter Study of AIDS in Hemophilia, Bethesda Maryland USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine which laboratory markers best predict the onset of AIDS among 281 hemophilic children and adolescents. METHOD: We prospectively evaluated subjects who developed HIV antibodies before age 18. AIDS incidence was calculated from estimated dates of seroconversion for the following markers; first CD4
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:291 (abstract no. Th.C.666)
Greenspan D, Dodd C, Westenhouse J, Feigal DW, Greenspan JS; Oral AIDS Center, Univ. of Calif., San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine progression from oral candidiasis to AIDS by type of clinical presentation. METHODS: One hundred eighty-seven patients referred to the Oral AIDS Center between 1981 and 1989 with candidiasis on first exam were followed prospectively to the development of AIDS. Patients were categorized by their
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:291 (abstract no. Th.C.665)
Detels R, Nishanian P, English P, Stehn S, Fahey JL; L.A. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) Center, UCLA Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship of bound and free p24 antigen with likelihood of developing AIDS. METHODS: Sera from four hundred randomly selected seropositive men were tested for the presence of the p24 antigen before and after pH 2.5-3.0 pretreatment with 0.5 N HC1 acid to release p24 antigen bound in immun
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:291 (abstract no. Th.C.664)
Reiss P, Lange JM, Dekker J, De Wolf F, De Ronde A, Debouck C, Goudsmit J; Department of Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
OBJECTIVE: To study associations between antibody (Ab) responses to HIV-1 nef-, rev-, tat-, vpu-, vpr-, and protease proteins and the clinical course and pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection in vivo. METHODS: Ab to E.coli-produced HIV-1 nef, rev, tat, vpu, vpr, and protease proteins was determined by EIA in sera, taken sequ
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:290 (abstract no. Th.C.663)
Vago L, Antonacci CM, Berta L, Boldorini R, Cinque P, Castagna A, Cristina S, Costanzi G, Lazzarin A, Moroni M, et al; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic value of the histological findings observed in lymphnode biopsies of patients (pts) at different stages of HIV infection. METHODS: We studied the lymphnodes of 121 HIV infected pts, biopsied between 1982 and 1989, and their clinical evolution for a median period of 29 months (mos) (1
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:290 (abstract no. Th.C.662)
Cahn P, Perez H, Casiro A, Grinberg N, Muchinik G, Bouzas M; Htal Fernandez, Buenos Aires-Argentina
OBJECTIVE: To study progression of HIV disease using a new staging system. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 86 clinical records belonging to HIV + patients (pts), examined in a 6 - monthly based schedule, with last examination in 1989. Pts. were classified in the following stages: asymptomatic (A), per
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:290 (abstract no. Th.C.661)
Costagliola D, Laporte A, Chevret S, Valleron AJ; INSERM U 263, Universite Paris 7, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To assess the incubation time of developing AIDS in homosexual and pediatric populations and compare them to the incubation time in transfusion recipients (who were already studied and for which the 90% confidence interval of the median was found to be 4.4 years - 9 years). METHODS: Cases were those reported
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:290 (abstract no. Th.C.660)
Tovo PA, de Martino M; Italian Multicentre Study, Italy
The Italian Register for HIV infection in children was instituted in 1985 by the Immunology Study Group of the Italian Association of Pediatrics. By the end of September 1989, 1316 children with proven infection or born to HIV+ mothers had been recorded by the 70 participating centers. 678/1218 perinatally exposed chil
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:289 (abstract no. Th.C.659)
Lepage P, Van de Perre P, Msellati P, Hitimana DG, Van Goethem C, Kestelyn P, Stevens AM, Nsengumuremyi F, Serufilira A, Dabis F; Departments of Pediatrics, Obs/Gyn & Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de Kigali (CHK), Rwanda
OBJECTIVE: 1) To identify, over a 2-year period, the mother-to-child transmission rate of HIV-1 infection and 2) to describe the natural history of HIV-1 infection in children. MATERIAL: A prospective cohort-study consisting of 218 infants born to HIV-1 + mothers (Group 1) and 218 infants born to HIV-1 - mothers (Group
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:289 (abstract no. Th.C.658)
Nsuami M, Badi N, Mundele L, Nzobwo B, Kashamuka M, Ryder R; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVES: To better define HIV-induced maternal risk factors associated with early childhood morbidity (MB) and mortality (MT) including perinatally-acquired HIV infection (PI). METHODS: 249 HIV(+) mothers (MO) and 310 age-matched HIV(-) MO were enrolled in 1986-87 in a prospective cohort study at the time they prese
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:289 (abstract no. Th.C.657)
Manzila T, Nsa W, Kabagabo U, Mosengo M, Binyingo E, Ryder R; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVE: To describe the morbidity and mortality in the first 30 months of life in children born to HIV(+) mothers and in children born to age-matched HIV(-) mothers. METHODS: Deaths and all episodes of illness in 120 children (Group I) with HIV(+) mothers and perinatally-acquired HIV infection (PI) (HIV IgG at 12/18
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mortality rate in infants born to HIV1 positive and negative mothers respectively and the infection rate in the former group. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Follow up of 64 babies born to seropositive mothers compared to 124 babies born to seronegative control mothers. Mean follow up: 24 months (18-28
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:288 (abstract no. Th.C.655)
Lasley-Bibbs V, Renzullo P, Goldenbaum M, Horton J, McNeil J; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: Surveillance of HIV infection in women of childbearing age, by heel stick and/or cord blood analyses of newborns, is an important part of the national effort to measure the presence of HIV infection in the general US population. This surveillance may potentially underestimate HIV seroprevalence if, in fact,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:288 (abstract no. Th.C.654)
Levin LI, Brundage J, McNeil J, Milazzo M, Oster C, Craig D, McAllister C, Harrison S; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of age and other demographic factors on HIV disease progression to the occurrence of an opportunistic infection or to death (Walter Reed (WR) Stages 6-7) in a cohort of women, controlling for initial clinical stage. METHODS: Since 1985, we have identified 139 seropositive women who com
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:288 (abstract no. Th.C.653)
Lopita MI, Temmerman M, Sinei SK, Plummer F, Wamola I, Piot P; University of Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are risk factors for spontaneous first trimester abortion. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out at the Dept. of OBS/GYNE, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. 135 pregnant mothers presenting with signs and sympto
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:288 (abstract no. Th.C.652)
Bledsoe K, Olopoenia L, Barnes S, Delapenha R, Saxinger C, Frederick W; Howard University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
OBJECTIVE: Recent reports on the effect of pregnancy on HIV disease progression have been conflicting. The present study focused on certain clinical serological and immunological parameters in HIV infected pregnant (group 1) and non-pregnant (group 2) women in an attempt to assess the risk of disease progression in the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:287 (abstract no. Th.C.651)
Berrebi A, Puel J, Tricoire J, Herne H, Pontonnier G; Services de Gynecologie-Obstetrique, Hopital la Grave, France
OBJECTIVE: In order to compare the influence of time alone to the influence of time plus pregnancy on infection with HIV, we report results of a three year follow-up of two groups of women. (A) 84 HIV antibody positive, asymptomatic, pregnant patients (42 live births, 42 medically indicated abortions) (B) 94 age and se
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:287 (abstract no. Th.C.650)
Clarkson RC, Flegg PJ, Bird AG, Brettle RP, Robertson JR; HIV Immunology Unit, Edinburgh, Scotland
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of B2M levels in assessing progressive HIV infection and cofactors amongst drug users (IDU) attending primary care and hospital outpatients. METHODS: An EIA was used to measure B2M levels in 100 randomly selected blood donors to establish a normal range of 0.85-2.25 mg/1 (mean+/- 2
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:287 (abstract no. Th.C.649)
Robertson JR, Skidmore CA, Roberts JJ, Elton RA; Edinburgh Drug Addiction Study, Edinburgh, Scotland
OBJECTIVE: Survival analysis of drug users infected with HIV was carried out and relationship of progression with cofactors such as age, sex and continued drug use assessed. METHODS: In a cohort of 352 known intravenous drug users 143 were found to be positive. These individuals were followed where possible and serial
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:287 (abstract no. Th.C.648)
Mientjes G, van den Hoek JA, van Ameijden E, Schellekens PT, Roos M, Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Amersterdam, The Netherlands
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of hard drug use and injecting on the immune status of HIV+ and HIV- IDU. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 282 IDU (110 HIV+ and 172 HIV-) from April 1989 to September 1989. A standard questionnaire on drug use and medical history was taken. AIDS cases and seroconverters were ex
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:286 (abstract no. Th.C.647)
Rezza G, Lazzarin A, Angarano G, Sinicco A, Zerboni R, Aiuti F, Pristera R, Salassa B, Barbanera M, Gafa S, et al; IMCSA, AIDS Unit, Istituto Superiore Sanita-Rome (Italy)
OBJECTIVE: To describe the natural history of HIV infection in injecting drug users (IDUs); to compare the risk of developing AIDS in IDUs with that of male homosexuals (MHs) and heterosexual contacts (HTs). METHODS: 338 IDUs, 111 MHs and 73 HTs were enrolled from 12 Italian clinical facilities. Hundred and twenty-thre
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of developing AIDS and to identify predictors of disease progression in injecting drug users (IDUs) with early or advanced ARC treated with zidovudine ( AZT ). METHODS: Data on 793 patients with ARC who started AZT treatment between July 1987 and June 1988 were analyzed.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:286 (abstract no. Th.C.645)
Weiss SH, Denny TN, French J, Klein CW, Jaffee MA, Altman R; Department of Preventive Medicine, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
OBJECTIVES: Assess the risk of HIV acquisition amongst previously seronegative IVDA, and evaluate risk factors for the development of AIDS amongst HIV seropositive IVDA. METHODS: AIDS and death registries, medical records, and clinical follow-up were utilized to ascertain AIDS among 341 IVDA who were HIV+ in 1984. 285
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:286 (abstract no. Th.C.644)
Gorter RW, Vranizan K, Moss AR, Brodie B, Wolfe H; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate markers for progression of HIV+ IVDUs in San Francisco. METHODS: 160 HIV+ heterosexual IVDUs recruited from drug treatment programs (enrolled 1987-present) are evaluated clinically and for laboratory markers and followed at San Francisco General Hospital. Data were compared with HIV+ gay men (enr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:285 (abstract no. Th.C.643)
Phillips A, Lee CA, Elford J, Webster A, Janossy G, Kernoff PB; Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London NW3, England
OBJECTIVE: To explain the slower progression rate to AIDS in young HIV infected patients. METHODS: The study of serial CD4 lymphocyte counts in a group of 248 haemophiliacs, of whom 111 were HIV infected. RESULTS: In the anti-HIV positive patients there was no difference in the rate of decline in CD4 lymphocyte count b
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:285 (abstract no. Th.C.642)
Ragni MV, Kingsley LA; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Hemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania
OBJECTIVE: To describe the distribution of AIDS and other HIV outcomes, and the pattern of primary AIDS diagnoses (Dx) in a cohort of hemophiliacs. METHODS: A well-characterized cohort (n=84) of HIV-infected hemophiliacs from Western Pennsylvania, on whom HIV seroconversion dates are known, has been followed prospectiv
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:285 (abstract no. Th.C.641)
Lee CA, Phillips AN, Elford J, Janossy G, Griffiths PD, Kernoff PB; Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London NW3, England.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the natural history of HIV disease in 111 infected haemophiliacs. METHODS: Patients were reviewed at frequent intervals from the time of seroconversion (established by retrospective testing in 63 (57%) patients) until November 1989. RESULTS: The first seroconversion was October 1979 and the last wa
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:285 (abstract no. Th.C.640)
Dupon M, Bismuth MJ, Mselatti P, Lacoste D, Schmitt A, Lacut JY; Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire (CHRU), Bordeaux, France
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical evolution of two groups of HIV patients infected with blood products (hemophiliacs [He] and transfusion-associated [Ta]) studied in the cohort study in an epidemiologic Hospital based surveillance system at the Bordeaux University Hospital since 1985. METHODS: Patients aged over 13 an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:284 (abstract no. Th.C.639)
Laurian Y, Archambault MP, Verroust F, Peynet J, Dussaix E; International Hemophilia Traninig Center, Kremlin-Bicetre, France
OBJECTIVE: Determine whether the development of AIDS in hemophiliacs was related to age as claimed by Goedert et al. and CMV infection as claimed by Webster et al. METHODS: 161 persons with hemophilia (A 146, B 15) ranging in age 1-34 at the time of first HIV antibody positivity (105 less than or equal to 17 y, 56 grea
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:284 (abstract no. Th.C.638)
Hilgartner MW; Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine among HIV-1 infected persons with congenital clotting disorders (CCD) whether changes in absolute CD4+ counts predict progression to AIDS. METHODS: Since 1985, 593 HIV-1 infected persons with CCD have been followed clinically at 6 month intervals for a median of 2.8 years. Lymphocyte sub-populat
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:284 (abstract no. Th.C.637)
Gjerset G; Puget Sound Blood Center, Seattle, WA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether changes in CD4 counts in HIV-infected hemophiliacs are related to treatment with clotting factor concentrates. METHODS: Treatment between entry and 6-month follow-up visits was recorded and CD4 counts determined for 505 anti-HIV(+) subjects with congenital clotting disorders. Treatment a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:284 (abstract no. Th.C.636)
Samson S, Busch M, Salk S, Garner J, Ward J, Perkins H; Irwin Memorial Blood Centers, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Determine if AIDS progression in infected blood recipients is more rapid when the donor developed AIDS soon after donation. METHODS: As of October 1989, 538 HIV infected former donors were categorized into 3 groups: 1) developed AIDS less than 29 months (mos.) following donation; 2) developed AIDS greater th
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:283 (abstract no. Th.C.635)
Volkow P, Ponce de Leon S, Calva J, Mohar A; Hospital PEMEX, Mexico City, Mexico
OBJECTIVE: There is very little information on the incubation period of AIDS in Latin American populations. This study reports the incubation period and survival for a group of Mexican persons infected with HIV as a result of contaminated blood transfusion. METHODS: We analyzed data from 36 adult patients for whom date
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:283 (abstract no. Th.C.634)
Mayer KH, Underdahl J, Saltzman SP, Sommers EA, Moon MW, Moye J; Fenway Community Health Center, Boston, MA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the seroprevalence, seroconversion, and natural history of syphilis in relation to HIV among initially asymptomatic gay Boston males followed every 6 months in an ongoing cohort study of HIV infection (initial HIV prevalence: 25%). METHODS: HIV+ (N=74 already + and 8 seroconverters) and HIV- (N=75)
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:283 (abstract no. Th.C.633)
Melbye M, Palefsky J, Gonzales J, Ryder L, Biggar RJ; Danish Cancer Registry, Copenhagen, Denmark
An increase in anal carcinomas has been reported recently among gay men. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the role of the immunostatus and lifestyle factors on type-specific anal HPV expression and HPV s potential association with anal epithelial abnormality. METHODS: A well established cohort (initiated 1981) of 120 homosex
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:283 (abstract no. Th.C.632)
Couturier E, Lavoie G, Ancelle-Park R, Brunet JB; WHO Collaborating Centre on AIDS, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To analyze data on Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) collected up to March 1989 through the European Non-Aggregate AIDS Data Set (ENAADS) supplied by 12 countries to date (Czechoslovakia, France , German DR, FR Germany , Hungary ,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:282 (abstract no. Th.C.631)
Jacobson L, Munoz A, Dudley J, Grufferman S, Obrams I, Armenian H, Phair J; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: Determine the timing of a possible cofactor for Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) relative to HIV-1 infection amongst HIV-1 seroconverters in the MACS, a longitudinal study of homosexual/bisexual men. METHODS: Men who have seroconverted under observation and have developed KS (cases) were each matched to 5 other serocon
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:282 (abstract no. Th.C.630)
Archibald CP, Schechter MT, Craib KJ, Le TN, Montaner JS, Willoughby B, Douglas B, O'Shaughnessy M; The Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To study risk factors for the development of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in our cohort study of homosexual men. METHODS: A case-control design was used to compare antecedent risk factors in those developing KS relative to those developing OI. As well, Kaplan-Meier curves of KS incidence were stratified over putati
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:282 (abstract no. Th.C.629)
Friedman H, Kaslow R, Goldsmith J, Hoover D, Odaka N, Odimbie O, Detels R; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the natural history of HIV-induced lymphadenopathy (L), with particular attention to its involution late in HIV infection. METHODS: We quantified L at each 6 mo examination of HIV-seropositives (SPs) at entry and seroconverters (SCs). Mean number of abnormal nodes and generalized L (GL = abnormal
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:282 (abstract no. Th.C.628)
Brundage J, Gardner L, McNeil J, Mayers D, Pomerantz R, Redfield R, Milazzo M, Burke D, Birx D, Oster C, et al; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To estimate rates of decline of CD4+ T-lymphocytes in early stage HIV disease. METHODS: For this analysis, the unit of observation was the slope, the change of T4 cells from one clinical evaluation to the next (delta T4/delta months). Observed slopes were aggregated into distributions based on the T4 cell co
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:281 (abstract no. Th.C.627)
Winkelstein W, Fusaro RE, Sheppard HW; University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
OBJECTIVES: Compare AIDS cases presenting with KS or PCP according to: time trends of incidence; behavioral risk factors, clinical findings, and biological markers during 24 months before diagnosis. METHODS: Subjects were selected for the San Francisco Men s Health Study by area probability sampling in 1984. Data were
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:281 (abstract no. Th.C.626)
Rutherford GW, Hessol NA, Lifson AR, O'Malley PM, Buchbinder SP, Holmberg SD; Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of developing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) in HIV-1-infected homosexual and bisexual men. METHODS: We examined the relationship between baseline percentage of CD4 cells (%CD4) and the cumulative risk of PCP, as determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis, in a cohort of homosexual and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:281 (abstract no. Th.C.625)
Munoz A, Hoover D, Wright P, Detels R, Kingsley L, Graham N, Schrager L, Phair J; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To estimate and compare transition probabilities between levels of CD4% and AIDS in homosexual men infected with HIV-1. METHODS: 2075 seropositive men followed during 1984-89 provided 12,180 pairs of observations 6-months apart while free of medications for AIDS. Transition probabilities between CD4% categor
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:281 (abstract no. Th.C.624)
Kramer A, Biggar RJ, Fuchs D, Wachter H, Goedert JJ; Institute of Medical Biometry, University Tubingen, FRG
OBJECTIVE: To determine if early changes in immune parameters predicted increased 5-year AIDS incidence rates. METHODS: A cohort of 131 HIV-positive homosexual men was studied from 1982-88. They consisted of 47 seroconverters, 42 prevalent positives from New York City (NYC), and 42 prevalent positives from Washington (
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:280 (abstract no. Th.C.623)
Graham NM, Zeger SL, Kuo V, Jacobson LP, Phair JP, Detels R, Rinaldo CR, Saah AJ; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine: 1. if the proportion of pre-AIDS participants (i.e., CD4 less than 200 or ARC) taking AZT is high enough to explain the 15% deficit in expected U.S. AIDS cases observed since mid-1987; 2. which factors are associated with starting AZT and clinical trials of AZT; 3. if pre-AIDS patients, as a gr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:280 (abstract no. Th.C.622)
Schechter MT, Craib KJ, Le TN, Montaner JS, Maynard M, Broughton S, Voigt R, O'Shaughnessy M; The Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To investigate progression to the development of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and opportunistic infections (OI) separately in our cohort of seropositive homosexual men. METHODS: Kaplan-Meier (KM) methods were used. Time zero=seroconversion date for seroincident subjects; a lead time of 18 months was used for seropr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:280 (abstract no. Th.C.621)
Hessol NA, Byers R, Lifson A, O'Malley P, Cannon L, Barnhart L, Buchbinder S, Harrison J, Rutherford G; AIDS Office, San Francisco Department of Public Health, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between AIDS latency period (time from HIV seroconversion to first AIDS diagnosis) and AIDS survival time (AIDS diagnosis to death) in a cohort of homosexual and bisexual (H/B) men. METHODS: We identified 263 H/B men diagnosed with AIDS whose HIV seroconversion dates (ranging
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:280 (abstract no. Th.C.620)
Tindall B, Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clincal Research, University of New South Wales, Australia
OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence rates of AIDS and risk factors for the development of AIDS in a large cohort of homosexual men monitored for five years. METHODS: In 1984, 1057 homosexual men were enrolled in this cohort. Of these men, 414 (39%) were HIV seropositive. We examined the most antecedent information ava
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:279 (abstract no. Th.C.619)
Krampf W, Shiboski S, Osmond D, Bacchetti P, Moss AR; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: 288 HIV-positive homosexual men have been followed at SFGH since 1983-4. We examined progression rates to AIDS by baseline values of prognostic markers at five years of followup or about eight years after infection. METHODS: Consenting subjects are seen at six month intervals at SFGH for physical examination
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:279 (abstract no. Th.C.618)
Delaporte E, Peeters M, Ville Y, Bedjabaga L, Ossari S, Bertheaux F, Larouze B; C.I.R.M., Gabon
OBJECTIVE: To study the natural history of HTLV-I infection from children born to seropositive mothers and to determine the rate of perinatal transmission of HTLV-I in an area where the HTLV-I seroprevalence rate is high (8%) and HIV seroprevalence rates are still relatively low (less than 1%). METHODS: Clinical and se
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:279 (abstract no. Th.C.617)
Holt E, Wiktor S, Ruff A, Boulos R, Blattner W, Brutus JR, Kissinger P, Adrien M, Boulos C, Halsey NA; Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of and factors associated with maternal-infant transmission of HTLV-I. METHODS: Pregnant Haitian women were screened for HTLV-I and HIV-1 (ELISA and WB). Children of HTLV-I seropositive mothers who survived to 18 months or greater were examined and tested for HTLV-I (WB). RESULTS: Of 25
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:279 (abstract no. Th.C.616)
Vendrell JP, Nicolas J, Huguet MF, Serre A, Agut H, Carbachnon E, Courpotin C; Affiliation not specified
The diagnosis of HIV1 infection in infants born to HIV seropositive mothers is critical. Passively acquired maternal antibodies generally hamper the serological diagnosis. In vitro anti-HIV1 antibody production (IVAP) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) reflect a persistent viral antigenic stimulation and so m
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:278 (abstract no. Th.C.615)
Rossi P, Moschese V, Tovo PA, Broliden PA, Wigzell H, Wahren B; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
OBJECTIVE: To define the role of maternal antibodies to selected HIV-I peptides in preventing mother-to-child transmission. METHODS: Sera from 30 HIV-I infected mothers who gave birth to 19 uninfected and 11 infected infants were collected at delivery. The children HIV-I status was determined either according to CDC de
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:278 (abstract no. Th.C.614)
Izopet J, Berrebi A, Tricoire J, Herne P, Puel J; Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, France
OBJECTIVES: To investigate maternal virological markers that could predict HIV infection in infants born to seropositive mothers and to estimate the incidence of placental tissue infection in mother-to-infant HIV transmission. METHODS: 2 groups of HIV-1 seropositive mothers in CDC class II, intravenous drug addicts, we
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:278 (abstract no. Th.C.613)
Zuccotti GV, Ravizza M, Fiocchi A, Taglioretti A, Lubelli E, Giovannini M; V Dep. Paediat., University of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, Italy
OBJECTIVE: In this study we wanted to evaluate the incidence of HIV mother to child transmission and the possible correlation between maternal immunological parameters and the development of AIDS in their children. METHODS: From 9/1/87 to 9/1/89 we have followed 46 HIV positive pregnant women (past or current intraveno
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:278 (abstract no. Th.C.612)
Hira S, Mwale C, Kamanga J, Bhat G, Tembo G, Luo N, Perine PL; University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
OBJECTIVES: To determine perinatal transmission rate; to determine morbidity and mortality of HIV-1 infection in children. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 1954 women in labor at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia . 227 (11.6%) of women were WB confirmed seropositive for HIV-1 in January 19
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:277 (abstract no. Th.C.611)
Datta P, Embree JE, Maitha G, Muriithi J, Ndinya-Achola JO, Kreiss JK, Plummer FA; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of serologically determined HIV-1 infection in infants born to HIV-1 infected mothers. METHODS: Infants born to HIV-1 infected mothers at Pumwani Maternity Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya were enrolled at birth and followed at age 6 weeks, at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-partum, and then every
OBJECTIVES: 1) To determine the mother to child transmission rate of HIV viruses (HIV1, HIV2, HIV1+2). 2) To assess the outcome of the disease in seropositive mothers and children according to the type of virus. METHODS: A cohort study was initiated in 1987 with systematic HIV screening and clinical examination at deli
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:277 (abstract no. Th.C.609)
Halsey N, Boulos R, Holt E, Coberly J, Kissinger P, Brutus JR, Ruff A, Quinn T, Boulos C; Dept. of Int'l Health, Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of MIT in a breastfed population and the impact on childhood survival. METHODS: The offspring of women enrolled during pregnancy were followed at 3 month intervals using standard methods. RESULTS: TABULAR DATA, SEE ABSTRACT VOLUME. No infants lost HIV-1 antibodies after 12 mos. of age a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:277 (abstract no. Th.C.608)
Rickard E, Canizal AM, Muchinik G, De Rosa MF, Capdevilla A, Cahn P; Instituto de Investigaciones Hematologicas, Academia Nacional de Medicina Buenos Aires, Argentina
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the serological and clinical evolution of newborns from IVDA (85,7%) and heterosexual (14,3%) seropositive mothers. METHODS: Serum samples were tested for HIV-1 antibodies (abs) by ELISA ( Abbott Laboratories ). Samples reacting positive were tested by Immunofluorescence; Env/Core serological sta
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:276 (abstract no. Th.C.607)
Oleske J, Oxtoby M, Denny T, Goode T, Schneck M, Connor E; UMD-NJ Medical School and Children's Hospital of NJ, Newark, NJ USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the natural history of infants born to HIV-infected women in Newark, including the rate of perinatal transmission of HIV. METHODS: Beginning March 1987 HIV-infected mothers who delivered babies at University Hospital in Newark were invited to participate. Maternal data were collected & infants
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:276 (abstract no. Th.C.606)
Nesheim S, Lindsay M, Sawyer M, Jones D, Muther J, Nahmias A; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe perinatal transmission rates and factors which might be related to transmission of HIV in a prospectively followed population-based cohort of infants born to seropositive mothers identified by prenatal testing or testing at delivery. METHODS: Seropositive mothers were identified by routine testin
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:276 (abstract no. Th.C.605)
Crombleholme W, Wara D, Gambertoglio J, Dattel B, Sweet R, Prober C; University of California, San Francisco, California USA
OBJECTIVE: Report experience with AZT therapy throughout pregnancy coupled with early AZT therapy of the newborn. METHOD: Serial immunologies and F/U of HIV(+) pregnant mother on AZT including pharmacokinetics. Serial immunologies, cultures and clinical assessments on her newborn including AZT therapy with pharmacokine
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:276 (abstract no. Th.C.604)
Marcus R, Bell D, Culver D; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate: 1) HIV seroprevalence in hospital emergency department (ED) patients in high AIDS-incidence areas in the USA; 2) frequency of blood contact (BC) experienced by ECPs, including HIV BC; and 3) efficacy of universal precautions in preventing BC. METHODS: In each of 3 cities, data were collected fo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:275 (abstract no. Th.C.603)
Panlilio A, Welch B, Foy D, Parrish C, McKibben P, Perlino C, Klein L, Bell D; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the nature and frequency of blood contact (BC) and amniotic fluid contact (AFC) during vaginal and cesarean deliveries (Ds). METHODS: Trained observers monitored a sample of Ds at a large, urban, public hospital from May to October 1989. Data recorded included the type of D and for each person obse
OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of blood contacts (BC) and needle-stick injuries (NSI) associated with various procedures before and one year after the implementation of universal precautions, as well as the compliance to these recommendations. METHODS: In a 1000-bed hospital, nurses of all services were asked throu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:275 (abstract no. Th.C.601)
Gerberding JL, Littell C, Brown A, Sande M; U. C. San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of delayed seroconversion (DS) & latent infection among health care workers (HCW) occupationally exposed to HIV. METHODS: Since 1984, 721 HCW lacking established risks for HIV at SFGH were enrolled in a prospective cohort study of occupational HIV risk and tested annually/post-e
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:275 (abstract no. Th.C.600)
Chamberland M, Petersen L, Grindon A, Busch M, Ness P; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the rate of HIV infection acquired by occupational transmission among heath-care workers (HCWs) who are blood donors (BDs). METHODS: Occupational information is not routinely collected for BDs. However, HCWs would be expected to comprise the majority of BDs who donate at hospitals or other health
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:274 (abstract no. Th.C.599)
Fahey B, Beekmann S, Wasserman B, Fedio J, Henderson D; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk for HIV-1 infection associated with varying adverse exposures (AE) and to monitor HCW electing AZT chemoprophylaxis following AE. METHODS: Since 1983 more than 1300 NCW have participated in this longitudinal study. Exposure and demographic information is gathered by questionnaire.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:274 (abstract no. Th.C.598)
Das PC, de Vries AH, McShine RL, Smit Sibinga CT; Red Cross Blood Bank Groningen-Drenthe, Groningen, NL
There may be a window-phase when no evidence of antibody (Ab) but only antigen (Ag) could be demonstrable in sera. Following exclusion of 6 seropositives during 1985/86 our yearly 55,000 repeat donations did not show any seroconversion. However, during 1988/89, 2 repeat donors showed recent seroconversion. We have ther
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:274 (abstract no. Th.C.597)
Le Pont F, Massari V, Jullien AM, Costagliola D, Valleron AJ; INSERM U263, Universite Paris7, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of anti-HBc testing in reducing the risk of inadvertent HIV infection after blood transfusion. METHODS: Assuming a lognormal distribution for seroconversion delay and a yearly number of donations of between one and four in regular blood donors, a simulation technique is used to esti
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:274 (abstract no. Th.C.596)
Naegele E, Hemed Y, Rehle T, von Sonnenburg F; Gesellschaft f. Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), University of Munich, FRG
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of HIVCHECK(TM) under field conditions and to identify possible sources of error. METHODS: The study was performed in the Mbeya Region of Tanzania where 9-10% of the blood donors are infected with HIV-1 and 80% of the blood transfusions take place in settings without blood bank. T
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:273 (abstract no. Th.C.595)
Lackritz E, Campbell C, Hightower A, Ruebush T, Were J; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
OBJECTIVES: To develop guidelines for the prevention of severe anemia and for the appropriate use of blood transfusion in children in malaria-endemic areas of Africa, and thus limit transfusion-related HIV transmission. METHODS: We evaluated a cohort of 2,634 children from May to December 1989 in a rural hospital in We
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:273 (abstract no. Th.C.594)
Narain J, Hull B, de Gourville E; Caribbean Epidemiology Centre (PAHO/WHO), POS, Trinidad, W.I.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the status of blood transfusion associated AIDS in the Caribbean. METHODS: Data reported to the Caribbean Epidemiology Centre (CAREC) on transfusion associated (TA) AIDS cases from 19 Caribbean countries and on HIV screening to blood donors were reviewed. Only cases meeting WHO/CDC case definitio
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:273 (abstract no. Th.C.593)
Martin L, Miranda MJ, Granados A; Ministerio Justicia, Madrid, Spain
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY IS: to describe the risk factors which determine HIV infection in Spanish prisons in order to avoid or to reduce them. METHODOLOGY: A transversal study has been performed all over the Spanish prison population in March 1989, except Catalonia s area, which voluntarily accepted a sociosanitary inte
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:273 (abstract no. Th.C.592)
Trapido EJ, McCoy C, Chitwood D, Resnick L; University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine if HIV-1 virus could be cultured from drug paraphernalia. METHODS: As part of a follow-up to a study which determined that antibodies to the HIV-1 virus were detectable in IV drug using paraphernalia, needles and syringes were obtained from shooting galleries in three high risk areas: Miami and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:272 (abstract no. Th.C.591)
Wolfe H, Vranizan KM, Gorter RG, Cohen JB, Moss AR; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine patterns of crack use and related high-risk behaviors in IVDUs in treatment in San Francisco. METHODS: IVDUs in methadone maintenance and detoxification treatment in San Francisco are offered anonymous HIV testing with notification of results. Here we report on 1078 IVDUs tested in 1988 and 1989
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:272 (abstract no. Th.C.590)
Amsel Z, Battjes R, Pickens R; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To explore increased risk for HIV infection associated with cocaine use among intravenous opiate addicts. METHODS: A nonblinded HIV seroprevalence study was conducted with intravenous opiate addicts admitted to methadone treatment in 8 U.S. cities between March 1987 and June 1989 (n=3904). Subjects were test
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:272 (abstract no. Th.C.589)
Nemoto T, Brown LS, Battjes RJ, Siddiqui N; Addition Research and Treatment Corporation, Brooklyn, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate patterns of cocaine use and its association to HIV infection among cohorts of intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in 1987 and 1988. METHOD: 440 subjects (218 in 87 and 222 in 88); 61% males; 51% Blacks, 42% Hispanics, and 7% Whites were recruited from methadone clinics in New York City. After obtai
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:272 (abstract no. Th.C.588)
Chiasson MA, Stoneburner RL, Hildebrandt DS, Telzak EE, Jaffe HW; New York City Dept. of Health, NY, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of and behaviors associated with HIV infection in patients at a New York City STD Clinic in an area where the cumulative incidence of AIDS in adults is 6.6/1000. METHODS: Volunteers in this ongoing study were HIV antibody tested and an interviewer administered questionnaire was us
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:271 (abstract no. Th.C.587)
Moore L, Padian N, Vranizan KM, Brodie B, Moss AR; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the risk of heterosexual transmission from intravenous drug users to their sexual partners. METHODS: We screened 1078 IVDUs in various methadone maintenance and detoxification clinics in San Francisco in 1988 and 1989. Participants are interviewed about their sexual partners, and seropositives are
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:271 (abstract no. Th.C.586)
Saracco A; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence and risk factors in man to woman sexual transmission of HIV infection. METHODS: 158 seronegative women who were steady partners of IC were followed-up for a total of 107 person/yrs. Information was collected by direct interview and laboratory tests. RESULTS: 6 women seroconverted
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:271 (abstract no. Th.C.585)
Nicolosi A; National Council of Research, ITBA, Milan, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of man to woman and woman to man sexual transmission of HIV infection. METHODS: We performed a cross sectional study of steady partners of HIV-infected subjects (IC) attending Italian Centers for HIV infection monitoring and treatment. No subjects enrolled had risk factors for HIV-transm
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:271 (abstract no. Th.C.584)
Mussicco M; National Research Council ITBA Milan Italy
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of contraceptive practices in man to woman HIV sexual transmission. METHODS: 368 women who were steady partners of HIV infected men were enrolled and investigated by interview and laboratory test. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Oral contraceptive (OC) and condom us
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:270 (abstract no. Th.C.583)
Chiodo F, Marinacci G, Costigliola P, Ricchi E, Colangeli V; University of Bologna, Institute of Infectious Diseases - Bologna Italy
OBJECTIVE: To assess risk factors in HIV heterosexual transmission by a study on HIV infection incidence among stable partners (S.P.) of HIV infected subjects (Index Cases - I.C.). METHODS: From 1985 to 1989, we have examined 216 heterosexuals which have had a stable relationship (at least for 9 months) with HIV AB +ve
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:270 (abstract no. Th.C.582)
Rehmet S, Staszewski S, Von Wangenheim I, Bergmann L, Helm EB, Doerr HW, Stille W; Zentrum der Inneren Medizin, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Theodor-Stern-kai 7, 6000 Frankfurt/ FRG
OBJECTIVES: To investigate HIV transmission rates and co-factors for HIV transmission in heterosexual couples. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We investigated transmission rates and co-factors in 184 couples with known index person. 40 discordant couples were prospectively monitored for HIV seroconversion after unprotected sexua
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:270 (abstract no. Th.C.581)
Bassett MT, Emmanuel JC, Katzenstein D, Latif A; Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
OBJECTIVE: To determine behavioral and social factors associated with HIV seropositivity in a group of urban men. METHODS: Male factory workers found to be HIV positive at blood donation formed the case group and were interviewed along with 2 previously negative donors. Repeat ELISA confirmed serological status. RESULT
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:270 (abstract no. Th.C.580)
Feldblum PJ, Hira SK, Mukololo P, Kamanga J, Mukelabai G, Godwin S, Fortney J; Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA
OBJECTIVE: To measure the efficacy of condoms and spermicides in preventing HIV infection in seronegative sexual partners of seropositive persons. METHODS: In September 1988 we initiated a study of condom and spermicide use among the HIV-discordant couples who regularly visit the U.T.H. STD clinic. After informed conse
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:269 (abstract no. Th.C.579)
Nzila N, Kivuvu M, Manoka AT, Edidi B, Ryder R, Laga M; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVES: To identify HIV associated risk factors among steady male sex partners of female prostitutes. METHODS: As of December 1989, 160 steady male sex partners (SMSP) of female prostitutes attending a STD clinic were interviewed, examined and tested for HIV antibodies (ELISA + Western blot) and syphilis (TPHA and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:269 (abstract no. Th.C.578)
Hellmann NS, Nsubuga P, Mbidde EK, Desmond-Hellmann S; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Heterosexual contact is the major route of HIV transmission in Africa. We investigated specific heterosexual practices and their association with HIV seropositivity in Ugandan STD Clinic patients. METHODS: A standardized questionnaire was administered to randomly selected patients presenting to Mulago STD Cl
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:269 (abstract no. Th.C.577)
Hellmann N, Nsubuga P, Baingana B, Mbidde EK, Hellmann SD; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the magnitude of the association between HIV infection and STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) in an adult African population. METHODS: 803 (603 males, 195 females) consecutive patients of the Mulago STD Clinic underwent a standardized STD history and physical exam between 9/1/89 and 12/31/89
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:269 (abstract no. Th.C.576)
Bulterys M, Chao A, Saah A, Dushimamana A, Habimana P, Hoover D, Shea M, Duerr A; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To study risk factors associated with HIV seropositivity among rural and urban pregnant Rwandan women. METHODS: Upon consent, 357 pregnant women--193 seen at a rural and 164 seen at an urban health center Nov-Dec 1989-- were tested for HIV antibodies. A detailed questionnaire of sociodemographic variables, h
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:268 (abstract no. Th.C.575)
Duerr A, Bulterys M, Dushimimana A, Chao A, Hoover D, Shea M, Saah A; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), multiple partners and HIV seropositivity in Rwandan women. METHODS: 357 pregnant women were screened for HIV (ELISA, Western blot); detailed sexual histories were also obtained. RESULTS: Using women who denied a history (Hx) of any
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether women using vaginal tightening agents (VTA) have an increased risk of HIV-1 infection. METHODS: 1482 pregnant women presenting for routine care to the antenatal clinic of a major urban hospital in Malawi were interviewed about their use of topical agents to produce tightening of the vagi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:268 (abstract no. Th.C.573)
Hunter D, Maggwa A, Mati J, Tukei P, Solomon M, Mbugua S, Bhullar V, Mohammedali Y; Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
OBJECTIVES: To determine factors associated with HIV seropositivity in a population of women not believed to be at high risk of HIV infection. METHODS: From Oct. 1989 - Jan. 1990, 726/762 (95%) women attending 2 Nairobi family planning clinics consented to screening for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD)
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:268 (abstract no. Th.C.572)
Ombette JJ, Ndinya-Achola JO, Maitha G, Emonyi E, Plourde P, Temmerman M, Owili D, Plummer FA; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVE: To determine incidence and prevalence of HIV among a high risk group with H.ducreyi and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in Nairobi, Kenya . METHODS: We studied the epidemiology of genital ulcer (GU) and gonococcal infection (GI) among high risk groups in Nairobi. We were interested to determine if specific s
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:267 (abstract no. Th.C.571)
Plourde P, Plummer FA, Pepin J, Maitha G, Ndinya-Achola JO, D'Costa L; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of male to female transmission of HIV-1 and to examine the risk factors which facilitate transmission. METHODS: Ninety-seven HIV-1 seronegative women presenting with a genital ulcer to a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in Nairobi were interviewed with respect to sexual be
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:267 (abstract no. Th.C.570)
Moss GB, D'Costa LJ, Ndinya-Achola JO, Plummer FA, Reilly MP, Kreiss JK; University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of and risk factors for heterosexual transmission of HIV within couples. METHODS: HIV+ individuals attending a Nairobi STD clinic were enrolled in a prospective study along with their spouses. RESULTS: Of 90 couples, 39 (43%) were concordant (CON) for HIV infection. Of 51 discordan
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:267 (abstract no. Th.C.569)
Harrison L, de Silva AP, Albino P, Del Castillo F, Lee-Thomas S, Gayle H; CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for HIV-2 infection among adults. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study of HIV-2 infection among patients admitted to the major hospital in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau in October 1989. Sera from 128 patients were tested for HIV-1 and HIV-2 by viral lysate and synthetic peptide antigen
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:267 (abstract no. Th.C.568)
Sepulveda J, Hernandez M, Herrera E, Avila C; Directorate of Epidemiology, Secretariat of Health, Mexico
OBJECTIVES: To determine the risk factors associated with heterosexual HIV infection and prevent transmission between couples. METHODS: As part of a multicenter cohort study of heterosexual HIV transmission in Mexico City, we analyzed the retrospective information obtained from female partner interviews in a case-contr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:266 (abstract no. Th.C.567)
Sion FS, Santos EA, Salerno-Goncalves R, Almeida MC, Morais-de-Sa CA, Vanderborght B, Carvalho MA, Brandao AC, Rocha JT; University of Rio de Janeiro (UNI-RIO), Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To study female to male transmission of HIV in married couples with stable sexual life. METHODS: Among 53 blood-transfused women attending our outpatient care unit concerned with AIDS or presenting symptoms suggestive of HIV infection, 29 (54, 7%) were seropositive. Eleven of these women were selected on acc
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:266 (abstract no. Th.C.566)
Benetucci J, da Bouza J, Multare S, Corti M, Gomez Carrillo M, Ortega G, Boxaca M, Compagnucci M, Astarloa L; Hospital of Infectious Diseases F.J.Muniz. Buenos Aires City. Argentina
OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of HIV heterosexual transmission in women who are unique and stable sexual partners of HIV reactive men. METHOD: A group of 100 women who made a consult at the Hospital were selected. Their ages were between 18 and 44 years old and they didn t get another factor except the risk of being
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:266 (abstract no. Th.C.565)
Di John D, Darren N, Motch S, Rigaud M, Borkowsky W, McHugh M; New York University Medical Center-Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe and discuss two cases of transmission of HIV infection to children via sexual abuse. METHODS: Among the patients who present to our pediatric infectious disease clinic for HIV screening, we have identified two children who acquired HIV infection by sexual abuse. HIV infection was documented by EL
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:266 (abstract no. Th.C.564)
Eyster ME, Alter H, Aledort L, Hatzakis A, Goedert JJ; NCI Multicenter Study of AIDS in Hemophiliacs, Bethesda, MD USA
OBJECTIVE: To study the sexual transmission of HCV by multitransfused hemophiliacs (H) coinfected with HIV. METHODS: Sera stored frozen from 239 female sexual partners (FSP) of H from 8 U.S. centers located in PA, NY, OH and LA were tested for antibodies for HCV and HIV by EIA. 48 FSP of 46 H were tested at one center
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:265 (abstract no. Th.C.563)
McNeil JG, Peterman T, Renzullo P, Lasley-Bibbs V, Levin L; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify risks for recent HIV seroconversion. METHODS: In this ongoing case-control study at 23 sites, civilians conduct blinded, voluntary interviews of soldiers with HIV seroconversion, and HIV-matched controls. Standardized interviews focus on the interval beginning 6 months before the last HIV- test a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:265 (abstract no. Th.C.562)
Palenicek JG, Fox R, Odaka N, Harris J, Hardy W, Taylor E, Margolick J; The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine ongoing sexual behaviors and changes in infection status of HIV-1 serologically discordant couples in Baltimore MACS. METHODS: Among 34 gay male couples who were initially found to be discordant for HIV-1 infection (based on results of ELISA, Western blot, viral culture and PCR tests), biologic
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:265 (abstract no. Th.C.561)
Keet IP, Lee FK, Van Griensven GJ, Lange JM, Nahmias A, Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
OBJECTIVE: To study the role of genital ulcerative infections for acquisition of HIV-1 among homosexual men. METHODS: We studied a cohort of 1000 homosexual men in Amsterdam between 1985-1988. Among 53 HIV-1 seroconverters serological and anamnestic data were gathered regarding HSV-2 and syphilis in the 6 months before
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:265 (abstract no. Th.C.560)
Koziol D, Saah A, Odaka N, Munoz A; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To directly compare the risk factors for HIV and HBV prevalent and incident infections, singly and concurrently, in a single population of homosexual men. METHODS: Polychotomous multiple logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for risk factors for HIV alone, HBV alo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:264 (abstract no. Th.C.559)
Phair J, Hoover D, Wright P, Saah A, Detels R, Rinaldo C, Kaslow R; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Chicago, IL, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and significance of non-diagnostic Western Blot (WB) reactions in homosexual men with positive and negative enzyme linked immuno-absorbent assays (ELISA). METHODS: Participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) have been seen and serum obtained every 6 mo. since 84-85. Se
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:264 (abstract no. Th.C.558)
Farzadegan H, Ward L, Solomon L, Cohn S, Markham L, Vlahov D; Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of HIV-1 proviral DNA detected by PCR technique in seronegative intravenous drug users (IVDU s). METHOD: In a prospective study of the natural history of HIV-1 infection among IVDU s, 80 participants with masked serological markers HIV-1 infection were tested for presence of HIV-1
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of HIV-1 infection and HTLV-1 infection among intravenous (IV) drug users attending an emergency department (ED), and to assess the frequency of HIV-1 infection by PCR and/or viral culture in HIV-1 antibody negative patients. METHODS: Sera and mononuclear cells were collected from
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:264 (abstract no. Th.C.556)
Berthier AM, Moncany M, Ferris S, Genetet N, Montagnier L; Centre Rey-Leroux 35340 La Bouexiere, France
Immunological disorders occurring in seronegative haemophiliacs, multitransfused before 1985, led us to hypothesize a possible latent infection by HIV. In this view 35 seronegative multitransfused haemophiliacs (FVIII-IX greater than 250 IU/kg/Y.) and 10 seronegative sexual partners of seropositive patients, were inves
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:263 (abstract no. Th.C.555)
Halsey N, Coberly J, Boulos R, Holt E, Coreil J, Kissinger P, Brutus JR, Boulos C; The Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine if unrecognized behavioral factors confounded the association between smoking and HIV-1. METHODS: A case-control study of women recently pregnant compared female Haitian smokers (n=83), and former smokers (n=34) with non-smokers (n=303). RESULTS: Current smokers were similar to non-smokers in ag
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:263 (abstract no. Th.C.554)
Henin Y, Porrot F, Montagnier L, Henrion R; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to detect HIV in cervicovaginal secretions of seropositive pregnant and non pregnant women. METHODS: Vaginal secretions were obtained after injection of RPMI 1640 medium (5 ml) in the vagina. The medium was recovered by aspiration, then centrifuged (800 g, 15 min) to separate the su
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:263 (abstract no. Th.C.553)
Anderson D, Politch JA, Martinez A, Wolff H, Pudney J, Van Voorhis B, Mayer K, Saltzman S, Seage G, Horsburgh CR; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
OBJECTIVE: Various approaches were used to detect HIV in semen from seropositive men to assess the prevalence and temporal variation of HIV in semen and associations with disease stage and genital tract inflammation (GTI). METHODS: Individual semen specimens from 56 seropositive homosexual men, and 6-7 additional sampl
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:263 (abstract no. Th.C.552)
Myers T, Tudiver F, Kurtz R, Jackson E, Orr K, Rowe C; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of two models of small discussion-group education on change in knowledge and behaviour in a non-clinical study population of gay and bisexual men. METHOD: The 612 subjects were recruited from the community and assigned by randomized block design to either a single session group led by
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:262 (abstract no. Th.C.551)
Echeverria de Perez G, Loreto O, Lee H, Bianco N; Institute of Immunology, Central University, Caracas, Venezuela
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the seroprevalence of HTLV-I in a population with a previously reported high rate of infection. METHODS: A total of 2.297 individuals were tested for HTLV-I antibodies by EIA (Abbott); all reactive samples were confirmed by WB (Dupont) and RIPA (Abbott). RESULTS: The individuals were grouped acco
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:262 (abstract no. Th.C.550)
Roberts J, Nsengumuremyi F, Allen S, Carlson C, Kahn J, Schwalbe J, Lepage P; Projet San Francisco, Kigali, Rwanda
OBJECTIVE: To compare outpatient health care costs for HIV+ and HIV- children in Kigali, Rwanda . METHODS: 472 HIV+ mothers and 997 HIV- mothers enrolled in a prospective study of the predictors and natural history of HIV infection in Kigali, Rwanda were offered an HIV blood test for their children aged 12 months to 16
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:262 (abstract no. Th.C.548)
Rich CC, Cory JM, Landay A, Ohlsson-Wilhelm BM; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the utility of assessment of lymphocyte-associated HIV-1 p24 antigen for the diagnosis of HIV infection in pediatric patients. METHODS: Small (2-4ml) peripheral blood samples (n=11) were obtained from 9 patients age 7 mo to 5 1/2 yrs. All patients were born of HIV infected women and were classif
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:261 (abstract no. Th.C.547)
Rubini ND, Quinhoes EP, Signorini DJ, Guimaraes MD, Sion FS, Morais-de-Sa CA, Graca MH, Concalves RS; Gaffree & Guinle University Hospital, University of Rio de Janeiro (UNI-RIO), Brazil
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the epidemiological characteristic and clinical course of children with AIDS and evaluate survival after the AIDS outcome. METHODS: From January/1986 to December/1989, 25 children with AIDS have been followed up at our immunology clinic. Patients were serologically tested for HIV-1 antibodies
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:261 (abstract no. Th.C.546)
Ferris S, Sprecher S, Levy J, Montagnier L, Moncany ML; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
The presence of HIV genes was studied by PCR in an homogeneous exposed population composed of 35 babies born to seropositive mothers. We designed a complete set of primers covering the entire genomes of the HIV1 and of the HIV2. They were tested for their specificity and their efficiency and they allow the detection of
We studied by PCR the eventual infection by HIV of an heterogeneous exposed population composed of seronegative pregnant women: drug users or sexual partners of seropositive men. We designed a complete set of primers covering the entire genomes of the HIV1 and of the HIV2. They were tested for their specificity and the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:261 (abstract no. Th.C.544)
Brandt C, Rakusan T, Joseph S, Parrott R, Sever J; Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability of PCR in detecting pediatric HIV infection. METHODS: The study population included children known to be infected with HIV, children born to HIV-seropositive mothers and healthy uninfected adults. PCR, using SK 38/39 (gag), SK 29/30 (LTR) and/or SK 68/69 (env) HIV primers and 35
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:260 (abstract no. Th.C.543)
Wambugu P, Plummer FA, Anzala AO, Gilks C, Bosire M, Ngugi EN; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of clinical manifestations of HIV-1 infection in a community based population of women working as prostitutes. METHODS: A community based population of women from 1 Nairobi section was established in 1985. Five hundred and thirty-nine women were initially HIV-1 positive or seroconv
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:145 (abstract no. Th.C.48)
Pokrovsky VV, Kuznetsova I, Eramova I; Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, 3-a, Novogyreyevskaya, Moscow, USSR
During the existence of nosocomial focuses of HIV-infection in Elista, Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd there were 152 children and 12 mothers found to be seropositive. The children were infected due to using the same syringe on multiple patients. As far as the women were concerned, 2 of them had seropositive sexual partners,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:145 (abstract no. Th.C.47)
Rogers M, Ou C, Abrams E, Nesheim S, Mayers M, Conner E; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, GA. USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether children who have lost maternal antibody following birth to an HIV (+) mother are infected with HIV. METHODS: Children born to HIV (+) mothers are followed from birth at 4 sites. Those children who have lost maternal antibody were tested for proviral sequences by polymerase chain reactio
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:145 (abstract no. Th.C.46)
Martin N, Wara D, Levy J, Crombleholme W, Hourtane M, Legg H, Cowan M, Weintrub P; Dept. of Pediatrics, University of CA. San Fran., San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
OBJECTIVE: The early serological diagnosis of HIV infection in infants and the determination of the sequence of development of antibodies to envelope and core proteins. METHODS: We developed an IgA Western Blot method using recombinant antigens (gp160, gp120, gp41, p25). Serum samples were obtained from 23 infants at r
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:145 (abstract no. Th.C.45)
Krasinski K, Cao YZ, Friedman-Kien A, Borkowsky W, Fidelia A, Bebenroth D; NYU Med. Ctr., NY, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine if total and neutralizing anti-HIV1 maternal antibody protects children from HIV1 infection. METHODS: HIV1 infected mothers blood collected at delivery was titrated for: anti-HIV1 using EIA and neutralizing antibody. Neutralization was determined by 90% reduction of p24 antigen production in H9
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:144 (abstract no. Th.C.44)
Boue F, Pons JC, Keros L, Chambrin V, Papiernik E, Henrion R, Delfraissy JF; Service de Medecine Interne et de Gynecologie-Hopital Antoine Beclere-Clamart-92 141-France
OBJECTIVE: Recent European studies have shown an observed incidence of transmission of 30%. However, most of the women belong to CDC groups II and III and they are conflicting results concerning the relationship between mother s status and rate of perinatal transmission. METHODS: Between October 1985 and December 1989,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:144 (abstract no. Th.C.43)
Van de Perre P, Simonon A, Hitimana DG, Msellati P, Dabis F, Baganizi E, Van Goethem C, Bazubagira A, Stevens AM, Lepage P; AIDS Reference Laboratory (National AIDS Control Program), Kigali, Rwanda
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate immunologic and serologic parameters associated with Mother (M) to Child (C) transmission of HIV. METHODS: Two cohorts of 218 infants born of HIV seropositive (HIV +) M and 218 infants of HIV seronegative (HIV -) M were enrolled at delivery. A blood sample was available from the M and C at 0, 3,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:144 (abstract no. Th.C.42)
Guay L, Mmiro F, Ndugwa C, Kataha P, Mugisha K, Goldfarb J, Hom D, Friesen H, Toltzis P, Coulter B, et al; Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, Ohio, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of maternal HIV infection upon the course and outcome of pregnancy. METHODS: Women of unknown HIV-serological status were sequentially enrolled in the prenatal clinic at Mulago Hospital, Kampala. Maternal serological status was determined, and compared to the frequency of complication
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:144 (abstract no. Th.C.41)
Barbacci M, Chaisson RE; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare Centers for Disease Control (CDC) HIV screening guidelines to routine HIV screening of pregnant women. METHODS: Women attending the Johns Hopkins Obstetrics clinic between 2/87 and 8/88 who acknowledged risk factors for HIV infection were targeted for HIV screening, following recommended CDC scree
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:143 (abstract no. Th.C.40)
Chequer P, Hearst N, Castilho E, Loures LA, Rodrigues L, Rutherford G; Division of DST/AIDS, Ministry of Health, Brasilia-Brasil
OBJECTIVE: To assess the extent to which the survival of adults AIDS cases in Brazil has been influenced by clinical and epidemiological features. METHODS: Using data from the Brazilian National AIDS registry, analyses were conducted to assess survival as a function of gender, risk group, indicators diseases, among oth
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:143 (abstract no. Th.C.39)
Royce RA, Winkelstein W, Bacchetti P; University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Investigate cigarette smoking as a cofactor for incidence of AIDS. METHODS: Smoking status and other covariates were determined at entry for members of the San Francisco Men s Health Study, a population based cohort of single men ages 25-54 observed biennially since 1984. Using the Cox proportional hazards m
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:143 (abstract no. Th.C.38)
Schinaia N, Chiarotti F; Istituto Superiore de Sanita, Rome, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the progression to AIDS in the Italian hemophilia population and to correlate the outcome with different clinical features. METHODS: Study subjects: all HIV-positive individuals already recruited at the on-going National Registry of Patients with Blood Clotting Disorders. Statistical analysis: th
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:143 (abstract no. Th.C.37)
Anzala A, Wambugu P, Bosire M, Ngugi EN, Waiyaki P, Plummer FA; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate and risk factors for the development of symptomatic HIV-1 related disease in women with a known duration of infection. METHODS: A cohort of 123 women working as prostitutes in Nairobi have been followed from the time of seroconversion to HIV-1. Women were evaluated at 3-6 month interval
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:142 (abstract no. Th.C.36)
Weber R, Ledergerber B, Opravil M, Luthy R; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
OBJECTIVE: To determine if cessation of drug use and methadone maintenance treatment programs reduce risk of progression of HIV infection in intravenous drug users (IVDU). METHODS: IVDU without antiretroviral therapy, categorized into 1. those remaining enrolled in a methadone program during observation period, 2. form
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:142 (abstract no. Th.C.35)
Visscher B, Munoz A, Jacobson L, Dudley JP, Chmiel J, Zhou S, Graham N, Vermund S, Detels R; UCLA Sch of Public Hlth, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To model the incidence of AIDS over calendar time in a cohort of infected men. METHODS: In 1984-85, 1809 HIV seropositive AIDS-free men were enrolled in the MACS. Data from 6 month visits and continuous reports of CDC-defined AIDS were used to determine the observed incidence by semester, starting in July, 1
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:142 (abstract no. Th.C.34)
Pedersen C, Gerstoft J, Lindhardt BO, Lundgren JD, Jensen BL, Dickmeiss E; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
OBJECTIVE: To examine the natural history of HIV infection, and to delineate factors of importance for disease progression. METHODS: 162 HIV seroconverters (less than 12 months between last seronegative and first seropositive sample) were followed for a median of 37 (range 1-131) months. All were healthy (CDC groups I-
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:142 (abstract no. Th.C.33)
Lifson AR, Hessol N, Rutherford G, O'Malley P, Barnhart L, Buchbinder S, Cannon L, Bodecker T, Holmberg S, Harrison J, et al; Dept. Public Health, San Francisco CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between duration of HIV infection and clinical and immunologic status in a cohort of homosexual and bisexual men. METHODS: From 1978 to 1980, we recruited 6,706 homosexual and bisexual men for studies of hepatitis B ; men included in this analysis had well characterized dates of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:161 (abstract no. Th.C.112)
Van Griensven G, De Vroome E, Veugelers P, Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
OBJECTIVE: Heterogeneity in mathematical models is mostly restricted to variation in sexual partner change. Less attention is paid to variation in sexual role behavior. We assume the existence of 4 sexual subgroups based on the preference for: 1) no anal intercourse; 2) anal insertive only; 3) anal receptive only; 4) b
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:161 (abstract no. Th.C.111)
Capell FJ, Schiller G; California Department of Health Services, Sacramento, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the potential in California (CA) for sexual transmission of HIV from intravenous drug users (IVDU) and male bisexuals (MB) to segments of the heterosexual population with no other risks for infection. METHODS: We used probability sample telephone survey methods to select and interview 6,673 CA adul
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:161 (abstract no. Th.C.110)
Monzon OT, Santana RT, Paladin FJ, Bautista AN, Bagasao TM, Giannone P; Department of Health Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Metro Manila, Philippines
OBJECTIVES: 1) To obtain baseline information on prevalence of HIV and other STDs among CSWs. 2) To correlate condom use and STD prevalence. METHODS: Baseline information on STD prevalence and condom use were obtained on a cohort of 680 female CSWs prior to initiation of an ongoing 2-year HE/intervention program on AID
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:161 (abstract no. Th.C.109)
Musagara M, Konde-Lule J, Mugrave S, Serwadda D, Wawer MJ, Sewankambo N; AIDS Control Programme/Rakai Project, Uganda
OBJECTIVE: To define changes in behaviour and practices made in response to knowledge of the HIV epidemic. METHODS: 21 clusters of 40 households each were randomly selected, (9 trading center clusters and 12 rural). All consenting adults answered a Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours (KAB) interview (n=1304). In additi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:160 (abstract no. Th.C.108)
Stall R, Ekstrand M, Pollack L, Coates TJ; UC-SF Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, (CAPS), San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent and correlates of relapse from safe sex. METHODS: This reports data from a 5-year prospective study of gay men in San Francisco. In the 1988 wave of data collection, 71% (n=575) of the original cohort continued to respond to the survey. Independent variables included psychosocial meas
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:160 (abstract no. Th.C.107)
Izazola JA, Valdespino JL, Sepulveda J, Gortmaker SL, Townsend J, Palacios M, Mueller N, Becker J; Ministry of Health, Mexico
OBJECTIVE: To estimate behavioral and sociological risk factors for HIV seropositivity and condom use in gay and bisexual men in Mexico . METHODS: Data about knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) about AIDS were collected for 715 men; interviews took place in gay gathering places such as bars, discos and parks in 6
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:160 (abstract no. Th.C.106)
Wells JA, Will A, Sell R, Valleron AJ, Cohen M, DeFilippes P; Project HOPE Center for Health Affairs, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare patterns and levels of transmission knowledge and beliefs about AIDS risk in three countries and compare associations of knowledge and belief with condom use during vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse among men, and initiation of condom use. METHODS: Interviews with national probability samples
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:160 (abstract no. Th.C.105)
Moore M, Bomboko B, Bertrand WE, Adjou Moumouni, Kashala TD; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine the distribution and the determinants for risks behaviors of HIV infection among young adults in Zaire . METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was given to randomly selected College students in Kinshasa. The selection was meant to be representative. RESULTS: 148
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:159 (abstract no. Th.C.104)
Beldescu N, Apetrei R, Calumfirescu A; National AIDS Committee, Ministry of Health, Bucharest, Romania
OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors and geographic spread of HIV infection among children in Romania . METHODS: Collection of serum for HIV testing from representative samples of children under 7 years of age with history of recent hospitalization, collection of serum from mothers of these children, detailed medic
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:159 (abstract no. Th.C.103)
Schoenbaum EE, Hartel D, Friedland GH; Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York City, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of CRACK use to HIV risk factors and HIV seroconversion among seropositive (SP) and seronegative (SN) intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in New York City. METHODS: From 6/85 - 12/88 576 methadone maintained IVDUs enrolled in a prospective study of HIV infection had serial interviews regar
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:159 (abstract no. Th.C.102)
Krieger J, Coombs R, Collier A, Ross S, Chaloupka K, Cummings D, Corey L; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the role of stage of infection on presence of culturable HIV in semen. METHODS: Specimens from 18 asymptomatic patients and 18 patients with AIDS were separated into seminal cells and plasma, then co-cultured with phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes. RESULTS: HIV was isolated from perip
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:159 (abstract no. Th.C.101)
Padian N, Shiboski S, Jewell N; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relative efficiency of female-to-male heterosexual transmission of HIV among couples in San Francisco. METHODS: We enrolled 41 male sexual partners of 38 HIV-infected women in 1985-1989. HIV serological tests and detailed risk factor interviews were administered to both partners. Transmission
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:158 (abstract no. Th.C.100)
De Vincenzi I, Ancelle-Park R; WHO Collaborating Centre on AIDS, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To assess acceptability and evaluate efficacy of safe-sex counselling in serologically discordant couples. METHODS: Since March 1987, 403 couples were recruited from 7 European countries. Data for HIV+ subjects (Index Case) and their heterosexual partners are collected every 6 months and counselling was offe
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:257 (abstract no. Th.B.542)
Sprauer M, Markowitz L, Dales L, Khoury N, Nicholson J, Stewart J, Atkinson W; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Ga., USA
OBJECTIVE: Live virus measles-mumps-rubella vaccine is recommended by the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee for all eligible persons, including HIV-infected (HIV+) adults. Data are limited to the response to measles antigen among HIV+ children. The purpose of this study was to obtain data concerning response to
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:257 (abstract no. Th.B.541)
Banhegyi D, Miskovits E, Szlavik J, Gerlei Z, Ujhelyi E, Varnai F; Institute for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Postgrad. Med. School, Budapest, Hungary
OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the efficacy and benefit of Isonicid(R) prophylaxis (IP) and Fansidar(R) prophylaxis (FP) as primary chemoprophylaxis in PWA. METHODS: Patients (pts) enrolled in this study were PWA or PWH having a CD4+ cell count less than 200/mm3 and p20 antigenaemia was present. All pts had Toxoplasma antibo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:257 (abstract no. Th.B.540)
Pierone G, Lin J, Masci J, Nicholas P; Mt. Sinai Services, Elmhurst Hospital, Elmhurst, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the nature and frequency of the processes responsible for fever of unknown origin (FUO) in AIDS. METHODS: Charts were retrospectively reviewed for patients with AIDS and unexplained fever. Patients included in the analysis had fever greater than 101 degrees F lasting more than one week during an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:256 (abstract no. Th.B.539)
Yamaguchi E, Chaisson RE; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence, microbiology, source, predisposing factors, clinical presentation and mortality of GNB in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the AIDS Unit, Johns Hopkins Hospital, between July 1, 1988 to December 31, 1989, with positive blood cultures f
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:256 (abstract no. Th.B.538)
Kemper CA, Lombard C, Deresinski S, Tompkins L; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: We present the clinical course and histopathology of a patient with HIV infection and disseminated bacillary epithelioid angiomatosis (BEA) with visualization of cat-scratch bacillus-like organisms (CSBLO) in visceral lesions. RESULTS: This HIV infected patient presented with fever, a single nodular cutaneou
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:256 (abstract no. Th.B.537)
Angritt P, Ishak K, Rabin L, Tuur SM; Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Washington D.C., USA
Cat scratch disease (CSD) is an infectious process characterized by the presence in one or more organs of a pleomorphic bacillus believed to be transmitted to humans mainly by cats. Patients with CSD who are also immunodeficient may develop a systemic, severe, form of infection which is treatable with antibiotics that
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:256 (abstract no. Th.B.536)
Shyh-Ching L, Wear DJ, Hayes MM; American Registry of Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C., USA
OBJECTIVE: Many AIDS patients were found to be infected by M. incognitus. This study is to test in vitro the susceptibility of M. incognitus to representative antibiotics and to compare the sensitivity for the previously known human pathogenic mycoplasma, M. pneumoniae, to these antibodies. METHODS: We used the methods
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:255 (abstract no. Th.B.535)
Bauer FA, Wear DJ, Angritt P, Lo SC; American Registry of Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C., USA
OBJECTIVE: To study kidney infection in patients with AIDS by the newly identified human pathogenic mycoplasma, M. incognitus (MI). METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied renal tissues from 203 autopsies of patients with AIDS submitted to the AIDS Pathology Registry, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Of the 203, 20 cases s
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:255 (abstract no. Th.B.534)
Cameron DW, Thompson CE, Filion LJ, Ronald AR, Piot P, Ndinya-Achola JO, Plummer FA; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To compare quantitative serologic reactivity to H. ducreyi during natural infection, in men with and without HIV seropositivity. METHODS: Eighty-eight men with culture-proven chancroid had serial H. ducreyi serology measured with ELISA for IgM and IgG antibody response, mean absorbancy to cutoff ratios were
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:255 (abstract no. Th.B.533)
Kent C, Reingold A, Anderson G, Gordon R, Stone E, Holmberg S; University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with Campylobacter infection in men with AIDS/ARC, and to determine the extent of food safety counseling among AIDS/ARC patients. METHODS: Men ages 20-59 with AIDS or ARC were enrolled in a case-control study. Cases (N=86) had culture confirmed Campylobacter infections det
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:255 (abstract no. Th.B.532)
Detruchis P, Jaccard A, Salmon D, Rozenbaum W, Vilde JL, Couland JP; Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
OBJECTIVES: To determine the opportunity of a maintenance therapy after non typhoidal salmonella (NTS) bacteremia, we reviewed outcome and management of NTS bacteremia in hospitalized AIDS patients (pts). METHODS: From 1982 to 1989, among 996 hospitalized AIDS pts, all pts with at least one positive blood culture (BC)
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:254 (abstract no. Th.B.531)
Battan R, Raviglione MC, D'Amore T, Pablos-Mendez A, Raggi P, Hedni R; Cabrini Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of intravenous vancomycin given perioperatively in reducing the frequency of early (within 8 days) infections of long term central venous catheters (CVC) and particularly of those due to Staphylococcus aureus in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). METHODS: Consecut
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:254 (abstract no. Th.B.530)
Battan R, Raviglione MC, Wallace J, Cort S, Boyle J, Taranta A; Cabrini Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the reported increased carriage rate of S. aureus in AIDS or ARC patients is related to HIV disease or to trauma from anal sex. METHODS: Swabs from the anterior nares were obtained in consecutive outpatients with known HIV status and were cultured for S. aureus with standard methods. A self
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:254 (abstract no. Th.B.529)
Weinke T, Scherer W, Rohde I, Schiller R, Fehrenbach FJ, Pohle HD; Universitatsklinik Rudolf Virchow, II. Medical Clinic, Department of Medical Microbiology, Berlin, FRG
INTRODUCTION: An increased incidence of S. aureus bacteremia has been described in patients with AIDS. Among other factors S. aureus carriage may predispose to such infections. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nasal and throat carriage rate of S. aureus in HIV-infected patients and its clinical consequences. METHODS: Cult
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:254 (abstract no. Th.B.528)
Bary M, Cazala JB, Vittecoq D, Boucot I, Berche P, Bach JF; Hopital Necker, Paris, France
Infection is a more frequent complication of CVC in AIDS, than in cancer patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors influencing bacterial sepsis over a one year period (1989). METHODS: 40 CVC were surgically implanted in 31 patients: 37 tunnelized silastic dual catheters (70 cath days) and 3 single lumen implantable port
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:253 (abstract no. Th.B.527)
Cernuschi M, Franzetti F, Lazzarin A, Esposito R, Moroni M; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical spectrum and the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) in clinical isolates of pts with AIDS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective charts review of 312 pts hospitalized for AIDS-related diseases from January, 1988 to December, 1989. Twenty-eight episodes of SA infection
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:253 (abstract no. Th.B.526)
Taelman H, Bogaerts J, Batungwanayo J, Kagame A, Nyirabareja A, Kabagabo L, Rutaganira V, Rutijanwa M, Blanche P, Abdel Aziz M, et al; Departments of Internal Medicine, Microbiology, General Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Kigali (CHK), Rwanda
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare the occurrence of bacteremia, fungemia and parasitemia in febrile patients (P) with and without HIV infection. METHODS: From 05/16/89 to 06/16/89 and 09/30/89 to 10/07/89, each P admitted at CHK with fever (t degrees greater than or equal to 38 degrees C) had a detailed medical his
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:253 (abstract no. Th.B.525)
Weinke T, Rogler G, Rohde I, Pohle HD; Universitatsklinik Rudolf Virchow, II. Medical Clinic, Freie Universitat Berlin, FRG
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, nature, and risk factors of bacteremia in adult HIV-infected patients with special reference to Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. METHODS: We reviewed the charts of 536 HIV-infected patients from our hospital for the presence of bacteremia. Bacteremia was defined as the isolation
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:253 (abstract no. Th.B.524)
Barron-Rodriguez LP, Jessurun J, Hernandez-Avila M; Unidad de Patologia, Hospital General de Mexico SSa, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
OBJECTIVE: The occurrence of infection by tropical disease agents in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is of concern to third world countries. The information derived from the autopsy material of the General Hospital of Mexico City enabled us to examine the prevalence of specific infections in
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:252 (abstract no. Th.B.523)
Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, van Ketel RJ, van Gool T, Bartelsman JF; Departments of Medicine (AIDS-unit), Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of small intestinal microsporidiosis and to define its association with chronic diarrhoea in HIV infected individuals; further to explore a possible role in non HIV-infected patients with chronic diarrhoea, using a simplified method of detection by light microscopy of smears prepar
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:252 (abstract no. Th.B.522)
Orenstein J, Friedberg DN, Cali A, Kotler DP; George Washington Univ. Med. Ctr., Washington, DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the incidence of E. bieneusi (EB) induced diarrhea, its pattern of infection, and whether other species cause enteritis. To determine the cause of keratitis in 2 AIDS patients. METHODS: Endoscopic biopsies from 1 or more sites, including the small bowel, of 100 patients with unexplained diarrhea
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:252 (abstract no. Th.B.521)
Hojlyng N, Henriksen SA, Gaub J, Hjelt K, Mathiesen L, Jepsen S, Ladefoged K, Tzipori S; Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen, Denmark
OBJECTIVE: Evaluating treatment of cryptosporidiosis .html cryptosporidium diarrhoea with hyperimmune colostrum (titer greater than 1:1600). METHODS: Randomized, cross-over, double blind design. AIDS cases with diarrhoea and cryptosporidium in their stool were given 500 ml colostrum for 2 x 10 days.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:252 (abstract no. Th.B.520)
Soave R, Dieterich D, Kotler D, Gassyuk E, Tierney AR, Liebes L, Legendre R; Cornell Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of escalating doses of oral diclazuril (DCZL) in subjects with AIDS and cryptosporidial (CS) enteritis. METHODS: This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study used four successive groups (50, 100, 200, 400 mg) of 12 patients (9 active 3 placebo) each. Patients took
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:251 (abstract no. Th.B.519)
Flanigan TP, Soave R, Kotler D, Toerner J; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Cryptosporidial infection in immunocompromised patients causes chronic protracted diarrhea. In person with AIDS it is almost invariably unresponsive to treatment and often leads to death. There have been recent reports of individual HIV positive patients who have cleared cryptosporidial infection. We identified 8 HIV p
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:251 (abstract no. Th.B.518)
Siegal FP, Borenstein M, Gehan K, Campbell S, Davidson B, Weiser B, Burger H, Singer C, Gold JW; Long Island Jewish Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To obtain preliminary information on the ability of rifabutin (ansamycin) to prevent MAC in AIDS. METHODS: 22 consecutive patients with AIDS/opportunistic infections (0I) treated with rifabutin 300-900 mg/day as an anti-HIV drug were compared retrospectively to 184 concurrent consecutive AIDS-0I patients at
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:251 (abstract no. Th.B.517)
Benson C, Pottage J, Kessler H; Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
To evaluate the response of AIDS patients with D- MAC to treatment with a multiple drug regimen including amikacin (AKN). METHODS: From 12/87-12/89, all AIDS patients evaluated by one of the investigators and diagnosed with D-MAC, defined by signs/symptoms not attributed to other pathogens and isolation of MAC from blo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:251 (abstract no. Th.B.516)
Horsburgh CR, Havlik JA, Thompson SE; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: Because previous studies suggesting decreased survival of AIDS patients with DMAC had incomplete information on patient immunologic status and followup, we performed a clinic-based, case-control study of AIDS patients with DMAC to assess the effect of DMAC on survival. METHODS: Case-patients were HIV seropos
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:250 (abstract no. Th.B.515)
Havlik JA, Horsburgh CR, Metchock B, Williams P, Thompson SE; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
OBJECTIVE: Because DMAC is an important source of morbidity in AIDS that may not be clinically recognized, we screened consecutive HIV-infected patients presenting to our facility to determine the prevalence of and clinical risk factors for this infection. METHODS: During 3 consecutive months blood was cultured for MAC
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:250 (abstract no. Th.B.514)
Benson C, Kerns E, Sha B, Glick E, Harris A, Kessler H; Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence and natural history of respiratory tract (RT) and GI tract (GI-T) colonization with MAC in HIV+ patients and the relationship of colonization to development of disseminated MAC disease (D-MAC). METHODS: Review of microbiology, bronchoscopy, pathology, cytopathology, and patient reco
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:250 (abstract no. Th.B.513)
Schurmann D, Ruf B, Mauch H, Pohle HD; II. Department of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University Hospital (Wedding), Freie Universitat Berlin, FRG
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the importance of blood culture in diagnosing disseminated mycobacterioses in HIV infected patients. METHODS: Blood cultures were taken as part of a routine screening program for mycobacteria including examinations during the clinical course and at autopsy. From blood specimens buffy-coat and lys
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:250 (abstract no. Th.B.512)
Araneta MR, LaRoche E, Stoneburner RL; New York City Department of Health, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe concomitant mycobacterial and HIV-1 infection among autopsied intravenous drug users (IVDU) in the New York City s Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) for deaths occurring in Manhattan and the Bronx. METHODS: Deaths of unknown or criminal causes, including narcotic use, and those occurrin
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:249 (abstract no. Th.B.511)
Cadeo GP, El Hamad I, Rossi S, Corda L, Carosi G, Bottura F, Suter F; University of Brescia, Italy
Among 1000 HIV+ pts of our surveillance program 149 developed AIDS. We diagnosed 36 (30%) mycobacterial infections (Myc): in 20/36 (55.6%) by M. tuberculosis (BK), in 8/36 (22.2%) by M.Avium Complex ( MAC ), in 8/36 (22.2%) by unidentified mycobacteria (UM). 27/36 (75%) pts were IVDU (including all the 8 MAC infected),
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:249 (abstract no. Th.B.510)
Wadhawan D, Hira S, Mwansa N, Tembo G, Perine PL; University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
OBJECTIVE: To determine efficacy of isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis in prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease in adult Zambians infected with HIV-1. METHODS: A randomised, single-blind, placebo controlled study is underway since September 1988 at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Nonpregnant adu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:249 (abstract no. Th.B.509)
Sugarman J, Cegielski P, Lallinger G, Mwakyusa D; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Five patients undergoing treatment for tuberculosis were admitted with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome to 1 ward at Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania , from 6/89 to 8/89. Patients admitted to this ward represent a random 1/3 of all medical admissions to Muhimbili, which total approximately 1200 per month.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:249 (abstract no. Th.B.508)
Zamora L, Gatell JM, Mallolas J, Guelar A, Miro JM, Soriano E; Infectious Disease Unit. Hospital Clinic. Barcelona, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relapse rate after the treatment of the acute phase of the tuberculosis in HIV infected patients. METHODS: 84 consecutive cases of tuberculosis in HIV-seropositive patients were followed-up. Sixty-nine (82%) were parenteral drug addicts, 7 (8.3%) male homosexuals, 3 (3.5%) parenteral drug ad
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:248 (abstract no. Th.B.507)
Mukadi Y, Perriens J, Willame JC, Kaboto M, Roscigno G, Prignot J, Portaels F, Piot P; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of short course antituberculous therapy in new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB) in HIV(+) and HIV(-) patients (pts). METHODS: Patients: HIV(+) and age/sex matched HIV(-) pts with smear and culture (+) first episodes of pulmonary TB. Treatment: daily rifampicin, INH, pyrazinamide
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:248 (abstract no. Th.B.506)
Silva VM, Werneck E, Kritski AL, Silva RA, Costa AM, Oliveira JR, Sion F, de Sa CA, Basin A, Souza RV, et al; Instituto de Tisiologia e Pneumologia - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro-Brazil
OBJECTIVE: Analyze the CR of PT patients with AIDS. METHODS: We compared the CR features of 106 patients with PT and AIDS with 119 age and sex matched patients with only PT. The radiological features were divided into typical (TCR) or atypical (ACR) of adult reactivation tuberculosis . RESULTS: ACR was present in 7/11
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:248 (abstract no. Th.B.505)
Camara CS, Santos AA, Moraes AP, Eyer-Silva WA, Morais-de-Sa CA, Basilio-de-Oliveira CA, Kischinhevski W, Camisao CC; Gaffree & Guinle University Hospital, University of Rio de Janeiro (UNI-RIO) - Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To study radiographic patterns of pulmonary TB on chest x-rays. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the chest x-rays of 104 HIV+ pts. consecutively admitted at our teaching hospital with diagnosis of pulmonary and/or extrapulmonary TB. Diagnosis of TB was made either by recovery of M. tuberculosis
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:248 (abstract no. Th.B.504)
Gathua S, Nunn P, Wasunna K, Kwanyah G, Omwega M, Were J, McAdam K; HIV/TB Project, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVES: To compare radiological features of HIV associated TB with HIV-TB and assess the usefulness of chest radiology in the diagnosis of HIV infection. METHODS: Antero-posterior chest radiographs were examined from 191 patients with smear and/or culture proven TB out of 240 newly diagnosed cases of TB. RESULTS: 5
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:247 (abstract no. Th.B.503)
Colebunders R, Nembunzu M, Portaels F, Lebughe I, Lusakumunu K, Piot P; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of mycobacteria as etiologic agent in HIV related enteritis in Africa. METHODS: Stools and intestinal biopsies were obtained in HIV (+) and HIV (-) patients without clinical evidence of M. tuberculosis infection, visiting the department of Internal Medicine in Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinsha
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:247 (abstract no. Th.B.502)
Abos J, Graus F, Miro JM, Mallolas J, Trilla A, Mercader JM, Tolosa E; Neurology, Hospital Clinic. University of Barcelona. Barcelona. Spain
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of intracranial tuberculosis (IT) in patients with AIDS. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on 419 patients with AIDS diagnosed between 1984 and October 1989. The diagnosis of IT was established by brain biopsy or response to antituberculous therapy. RESULTS: Four (1%) of 4
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:247 (abstract no. Th.B.501)
da Bouza J, Di Lonardo M, Benetucci J, Gonzalez Montaner J, Abbate E, Corti M, Compagnucci M, Ortega G, Astarloa L; Hospital of Infectious Diseases Francisco J. Muniz, Buenos Aires City, Argentina
OBJECTIVE: To emphasize the usefulness of the blood culture practice for mycobacterium in AIDS patients and suspicion of tuberculosis . METHODS: Among 198 AIDS patients attended between June 1983 and September 1989 at F.J. Muniz Hospital, 37 showed tuberculosis as opportunistic infection (OI), 35 men and 2 women, being
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:247 (abstract no. Th.B.500)
Laguna F, Polo R, Saenz E, Adrados M, Puente S, Gonzalez Lahoz JM; Centro Nacional de Investigacion Clinica, Madrid, Espana
OBJECTIVE: To describe frequency and clinical picture of Central Nervous System tuberculosis (CNS-TB) in AIDS patients. METHODS: Retrospective revision of AIDS patients with TB between 1986 and 1989. Those patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures growing Mycobacterium tuberculosis are described in this paper. R
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:246 (abstract no. Th.B.499)
Davis I, Acosta A, Lee S; The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To review treatment failure in three AIDS patients infected with M. tuberculosis (TB) susceptible to standard therapy; lack of response to therapy and subsequent progression to neurologic involvement. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of clinical data and autopsy material. RESULTS: All cases had diagnosed
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:246 (abstract no. Th.B.498)
Chaves RL, Nascimento MF, Batista L, Albano A, Stocco JM, Martins NC, Sato DN, Serrazoli L, Uoki SY, Palaci M, et al; Hospital Brigadeiro, Sao Paulo, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of mycobacterial lymph node infection in patients with HIV infection, and analyze clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these patients in Sao Paulo. METHODS: One hundred and fifty six patients with HIV infection had lymph node biopsy at our hospitals during the interval 1
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:246 (abstract no. Th.B.497)
Cerigo HS, Brau N, Simberkoff M, Flomenberg P; New York Veterans Administration Medical Center (NYVA), New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe tuberculous abscesses in 5 AIDS patients out of a total of 45 patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection and AIDS seen at the NYVA during the years 1988 and 1989. METHODS: Charts were reviewed for clinical and laboratory presentation, CT scans, TB cultures, treatment, and response to
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:246 (abstract no. Th.B.496)
Baende E, Lelo U, Kaboto M, Willame J, Ngamboli K, Ryder R; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVE: To determine if HIV(+) patients with PTB and HIV-induced immunosuppression and possibly a larger body burden of M.tb organisms associated with their pulmonary infection are more infectious to their HC. METHODS: All patients reporting to the CDT with a sputum smear (+) for acid-fast bacillae (AFB), radiologic
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:245 (abstract no. Th.B.495)
Santos RM, Cruz A, Ribeiro TT, Badaro R, Johnson WD Jr; Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate HIV seroprevalence and associated high risk activities among hospitalized tuberculosis patients. METHOD: Point prevalence sero-survey for HIV infection was performed in two reference hospitals for tuberculosis in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil . RESULTS: A total of 239 patients were enrolled in th
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:245 (abstract no. Th.B.494)
Mahari M, Legg W, Houston S, Ray S, Chiguye W, Latif A, Mashingaidze A, Neill P, Pozniak A, Mbengeranwa L, et al; City Health, Harare, Zimbabwe
OBJECTIVES: 1. To determine the seroprevalence of HIV among TB patients. 2. To compare the clinical features of TB between HIV+ and HIV- patients. Setting: City Health treats all TB diagnosed in urban Harare pop. 900,000. METHODS: All patients treated for TB by the City TB Unit July 1988-June 1989 were eligible. Full c
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:245 (abstract no. Th.B.493)
Quinhoes EP, Morais de Sa CA, Ferreira Ramos Filho C, Weniger BG, Rodrigues LG, Heyward WL; Hospital Gaffree e Guinle, Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical spectrum of disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with and without HIV infection, as part of a study to generate empirical data for use in developing a practical case definition for AIDS. METHODS: Among 496 medical-ward inpatients screened in 1988 and 1989 in two u
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:245 (abstract no. Th.B.492)
Garcia ML, Valdespino JL, Salcedo A, Mora JL, Bravo E, Sepulveda JA; General Directorate of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Mexico
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis (Tb) in AIDS cases in Mexico . METHODS: National AIDS registry data were analyzed. RESULTS: Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 234/3512 (7%) of notified AIDS patients, representing 10.3% of all infections, and second only to Candida albicans.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:244 (abstract no. Th.B.491)
Romo J, Salido F, Jessurum J, Higuera F; Hospital General de Mexico SS. Servicio de Infectologia. Mexico City. Mexico
OBJECTIVE: Estimation of tuberculosis importance in AIDS patients. METHODS: 200 AIDS patients registered during a three-year period at the infectology unit, were evaluated through clinical assessment and the following: smears, cultures, biopsies, immunodiagnosis, therapeutic response and necropsies. Time related increa
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:244 (abstract no. Th.B.490)
Clermont HC, Chaisson RE, Davis H, Boulos R, Holt E, Halsey NA, Ruff AJ, Coberly J, Boulos C; Centers for Development and Health, Cite Soleil, Haiti
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and clinical features of HIV-1 infection in adult tuberculosis (TB) patients in an impoverished urban area of Haiti . METHODS: From 1 January through 31 December 1989, newly diagnosed TB patients greater than or equal to 15 years old at the Cite Soleil TB Clinic were offered HIV test
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:244 (abstract no. Th.B.489)
Kibuga DK, Gathua S; Infectious Diseases Hospital, (IDH) Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVE: Assess prevalence of HIV infection, associated complications and response to chemotherapy of all patients attended between January 1987 - June 1988 with tuberculosis . METHOD: 656 patients were HIV tested by organon or Wellcozyme technique and Western blot confirmation done when possible. They have been foll
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:244 (abstract no. Th.B.488)
Gonzalez Montaner PJ, Montaner JS, Blackie S, Musella RM, Vedal S, Benetucci J, Lawson LM, Abatte E, Romano H, Quieffin J, et al; University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
OBJECTIVE: To describe the varying patterns of tuberculosis in Buenos Aires (BsAs) and Vancouver (Vanc), two large metropolitan cities with different socioeconomic and epidemiological characteristics. METHODS: Cases were collected from Oct 1, 1985 to Dec 31, 1988 at the University s ID Tb and Chest Hospital in BsAs whe
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:243 (abstract no. Th.B.487)
Muga R, Tor J, Contijoch C, Villanueva C, Manterola JM, Foz M; Hospital "Germans Trias i Pujol", Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of Pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) and HIV infection in a longitudinal study focused to asymptomatic IDA s admitted to a detoxification unit. METHODS: From Feb 1987 to Oct 1989, 194 IDA s (39 F, 155 M) were consecutively registered. Rx of chest, Ziehl stains in 3 samples of sputum and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:243 (abstract no. Th.B.486)
Nunn P, Wasunna K, Kwanyah G, Gathua S, Brindle R, Omwega M, Were J, McAdam K, Elliott A; HIV/TB Project, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
OBJECTIVES: To assess HIV seroprevalence among a cohort of newly presenting TB patients, and compare clinical characteristics of HIV+ and HIV- TB. METHODS: 240 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed TB presenting to Infectious Diseases Hospital were enrolled as part of a longitudinal study. RESULTS: 73/240 (30%) wer
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:243 (abstract no. Th.B.485)
Badi N, Braun M, Ryder R, Nsa W, Willame J, Kaboto M, Heyward W; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of TB in persons with HIV infection. METHODS: A cohort of 249 HIV(+) and 310 HIV(-) postnatal women were retrospectively studied over a 3-year period for incidence of TB. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 32 months, there were 22 new self-reported cases of TB among HIV(+) subjec
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:243 (abstract no. Th.B.484)
Rose DN; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the thresholds of safety and effectiveness which would justify immunocompromised patients taking preventive therapy (PrevRx) to prevent activation of latent Toxoplasma gondii infection (TOXO). METHODS: A decision analysis using a Markov model was used to simulate events for hypothetical cohorts
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:242 (abstract no. Th.B.483)
Gonzalez-Clemente JM, Miro JM, Pedrol E, Gatell JM, Guelar A, Valls ME; Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Units, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To describe the efficacy of an intermittent (2 days per week) maintenance therapy to avoid relapses on TE in AIDS patients. METHODS: Seventy four episodes of TE were accepted in 53 of the 374 AIDS cases when the clinical and computed tomographic (CT) scan findings were consistent unless an alternative diagno
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:242 (abstract no. Th.B.482)
Nicholas P, Pierone G, Lin J, Gertman A, Schechter C, Masci J; Mt Sinai Services, Elmhurst Hospital Center, Elmhurst, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine if trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (T/S) prescribed for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) also prevents cerebral toxoplasmosis (toxo). METHODS: Charts were reviewed on all patients receiving T/S and inhaled pentamidine (IP) for the prophylaxis of PCP. T/S was routinely prescrib
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:242 (abstract no. Th.B.481)
Eliaszewicz M, Lecomte I, De Sa M; Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis which occurs in 20-50% of AIDS patients (pts) worldwide and particularly in some 40% in France , is one of the most frequent opportunistic infections (OI) in HIV-infected pts. Consequently, it is necessary to identify high risk pts for toxoplasmosis in order to select candidates for primary proph
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:242 (abstract no. Th.B.480)
Tenant-Flowers M, Boyle M, Carey D, Marriott D, Cooper DA, Penny R; Department of Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, N.S.W. Australia
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of a sulpahdiazine desensitisation protocol for use in the treatment of patients with AIDS and cerebral toxoplasmosis who are allergic to sulpha drugs. METHODS: Sixteen AIDS patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis and a past history or current manifestations of sulpha allergy were dese
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:241 (abstract no. Th.B.479)
Turett G, Pierone G, Masci J, Nicholas P; Mount Sinai Services, Elmhurst Hospital Center, Elmhurst, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of doxycycline for the treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients intolerant to sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine (S/P). METHODS: Prior to 1987, on the basis of experimental animal data, doxycycline (100 mg po BID) was used as second line therapy for patients with cerebr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:241 (abstract no. Th.B.478)
Paulic P, Pestre P, Bonnet E, Gasquet J, Prodhome C, Gallais H; Infectious disease unit Marseille France
OBJECTIVE: To give an estimation of the efficiency and tolerance of Fansidar (R) in the treatment of brain toxoplasmosis. METHODS: 36 HIV seropositive patients suffering from brain toxoplasmosis diagnosed by scanner (confirmed or not by serology) have been treated by Fansidar (R) during the acute phase, at the rate of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:241 (abstract no. Th.B.477)
Canessa A, Del Bono V, De Leo P, Pagano G, Piersantelli N, Terragna A; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) in the treatment of Toxoplasma encephalitis in AIDS patients. METHODS: Twenty-five AIDS patients with cerebral lesions consistent with cerebral toxoplasmosis and treated with 40-50 mg/kg cotrimoxazole daily were retrospectively examine
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:241 (abstract no. Th.B.476)
Matheron S, Dournon E, Garakhanian S, Leport C, Detruchis P, Gaudebout C; ZDV Claude Bernard Study Group, Paris. France.
OBJECTIVE: To study, in 285 AIDS and 80 ARC patients (pts), the prevalence of toxoplasmosis (Toxo) before and during Zidovudine therapy (ZDV Rx). METHODS: 365 pts were treated with ZDV, 200 mg/4h whenever possible (n=260) or 200mg/8h otherwise (n=105) and prospectively followed (Lancet; 1988;ii,1297) for a mean (range)
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:240 (abstract no. Th.B.475)
Antonucci G, Antonelli L, Armignacco O, Galgani S, Grillo LR, Tozzi V; L. Spallanzani Hosp. for Infectious Diseases, Rome, Italy
OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients (pts) using clinical features, imaging findings and conventional treatment response. RESULTS: Cerebral toxoplasmosis was suspected and treated in 52 HIV-infected subjects observed from 1987 to 1989. In 37 pts the diagn
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:240 (abstract no. Th.B.474)
De la Rubia L, Fernandez Martin J, Vazquez JJ, Gamallo C, Barbado FJ, de Diego JA; "La Paz" Hospital & Parasitology Dpt. U.A.M. Madrid. Spain
OBJECTIVES: To establish a relationship between generalized lymphadenopathy (GL) in HIV patient and Toxoplasma Gondii (TG) infection. To analyze the effectiveness of a new diagnostic method. METHODS: We include 30 patients (24 IVDUs, 5 Homosexuals, 1 IVDU-homosexual). 24 males and 6 females. Mean age 26 years. CDC clas
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical, radiological and therapeutic characteristics of a large series of Spanish AIDS pts with cerebral toxoplasmosis (CTx). METHODS: AIDS was diagnosed according to 1987 CDC definition, and CTx was diagnosed using clinical (96%) or histological (4%) criteria. CTx cases were retrospectivel
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:240 (abstract no. Th.B.472)
Pontani DR, Wolf B, Zuberbuehler D, Bryant P, Plescia OJ, Schaffner C, Shahied SI; N.J. State Dept. of Health, Trenton, N.J., USA
OBJECTIVE: To show the efficacy of lipid complexing with amphotericin B to reduce cytotoxicity. METHODS: Amphotericin B at concentrations of 5, 33, and 50 mole% was complexed to lipid, using Dimyristoyl Lecithin and Dimyristoyl Phosphatidylglycerol in chloroform according to the method of Janoff et al. Once complexed t
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:239 (abstract no. Th.B.471)
Peixoto MA, Caiuby MJ, Assis TL, Schechter M; AIDS Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the importance of routinely obtaining blood cultures for fungi in AIDS patients, independent of presenting signs and symptoms. METHODS: Blood cultures were routinely obtained from all HIV positive patients admitted to the University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and seed
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:239 (abstract no. Th.B.470)
Cone L, Woodard D, Fiala M, Christopher S, Sneider R; Eisenhower Medical Center, Rancho Mirage, California, 92270, USA
OBJECTIVE: To define the frequency, clinical course and immunologic alterations associated with coccidioidomycosis in patients with HIV/AIDS residing in an area endemic for the pathogen, the Coachella Valley of Southern California. METHODS: A chart review of all AIDS patients seen at this Institution from 1982 through
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:239 (abstract no. Th.B.469)
Ampel NM, Dols CL, Galgiani JN; Tucson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, AZ, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and outcome of coccidioidomycosis (coccy) among subjects infected with HIV in an area endemic for Coccidioides immitis. METHODS: HIV-positive subjects living in Tucson and Phoenix, Arizona, have been prospectively followed at approximately 4 month interv
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:239 (abstract no. Th.B.468)
Fulton P, Phillips P; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To document the development of clinical relapse associated with in vitro resistance of C. albicans to fluconazole. PATIENTS, METHODS, AND RESULTS: A 28 year old female was diagnosed with AIDS, thrush and Candida esophagitis in 1988. Initial treatment and suppressive therapy with topical clotrimazole was effe
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:238 (abstract no. Th.B.467)
De Wit S, Rahir F, Urbain D, Clumeck N; Division of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and tolerance of Fluconazole for the treatment of EC associated with AIDS. METHODS: During an 18 month period all HIV patients (P) with an esophagoscopy documented EC have been treated with Fluconazole 100mg daily. Therapeutical response was ascertained by disappearance of clinical sig
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:238 (abstract no. Th.B.466)
Lavilla P, Gil A, Valencia ME, Pintado V, Dupla JM, Puig JG; Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of a weekly fluconazole (FZ) regime to prevent the relapse of esophageal candidiasis (EC) in AIDS patients. METHODS: From March 1988 to December 1989, 21 AIDS patients (14 male, 7 female) with a previous episode of EC were evaluated. Resolution of EC was confirmed by endoscopy, biopsy
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:238 (abstract no. Th.B.465)
Nyst M, Perriens J, Lusakumunu K, Kapita B, Piot P; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
METHODS: AIDS patients (pts) hospitalized in the internal medicine wards of Mama Yemo Hospital with oral and oesophageal candidiasis were randomized to receive gentian violet 0.5%, b.i.d. (G), or nystatin (N) 500.000 U q.i.d. mouth washes, or oral ketoconazole (K) 200 mg/d, until complete resolution of oral lesions and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:238 (abstract no. Th.B.464)
Denning DW, Follansbee S, Scolaro M, Norris S, Edelstein H, Stevens DA; Sta. Clara Vly. Med. Ctr. (Stanford U.), Inst. Med. Res., San Jose, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To describe the features of pulmonary ASP in AIDS, as infrequently reported in AIDS P although common in other immunocompromised P. METHODS: Diagnosis (D) of ASP was confirmed by: autopsy 2, aspiration of lung or rib 4, bronchoalveolar lavage culture (cx) positive with no other pathogen and new clinical and/
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:237 (abstract no. Th.B.463)
Just-Nuebling G, Helm EB, Laubenberger C, Falk S, Keul HG, Hubner K, Grafin Vitzthum H, Wolki U, Schlote W, Stille W; Zentrum der Inneren Medizin, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 6000 Frankfurt, FRG
OBJECTIVE: Aspergillus infections are a complication known to occur in the immunocompromised host. With this study we report on incidence as well as the clinical and pathological findings of invasive Aspergillosis in AIDS-patients. METHODS: Between 5/82 and 12/89 510 patients with full blown AIDS were treated at our ho
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:237 (abstract no. Th.B.462)
Pursell KJ, Paredes J, Gold J, Carrow M, Armstrong D; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of colonization and invasive aspergillosis (IA) in a population of AIDS patients with Aspergillus species. METHODS: Retrospective review of the medical records (including autopsy data when available) for all patients with Aspergillus isolated from sputum antemortem. RESULTS: Among
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:237 (abstract no. Th.B.461)
Holtom PD, Leal M, Riley K, Larsen R; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether addition of intrathecal (IT) amphotericin B would improve outcome in patients with AIDS and cryptococcal meningitis when compared with standard therapy. METHODS: The population was AIDS patients at LAC/USC Medical Center with culture proven cryptococcal meningitis. Patients were randomly
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:237 (abstract no. Th.B.460)
Marchou B, Pascal C, Carles M, Reynes J; Hop Purpan, Toulouse, France
From 06.85 to 09.89, 29 AIDS pts have been treated for C. There were 28 M/1 F, mean age: 37 years (+/-10,6), HIV infected via sexual (22) contact, I.V.D.U. (9) or blood transfusion (2). C. was the 1st manifestation of AIDS in 18 pts (62%). Disseminated C. defined as a positive latex test in blood (24) or CSF (21), or a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:236 (abstract no. Th.B.459)
Sanjana V, Cortes H, Davidson M, Mullen M, Boyle D, Raviglione M; Cabrini Medical Center, NYC, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and tolerance of fluconazole (fcz) in the treatment of acute cryptococcal meningitis. METHODS: Protocol I: 11 consecutive patients with acute cryptococcal meningitis received I.V. fcz 400mg loading dose, followed by 200mg/day for 2 weeks, then 200mg/day orally thereafter, with a doubli
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:236 (abstract no. Th.B.458)
Bogaerts J, Taelman H, Abdel Aziz M, Kagame A, Batungwanayo J, Msellati P, Swinne D, De Yroey C; Departments of Microbiology, Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Kigali (CHK), Rwanda
OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiological features of AIDS-related cryptococcosis (C) in Kigali, Rwanda , between January 1983 and December 1989. METHODS: 1. Each patient with suspected meningitis (meningeal signs and/or unexplained fever, headache, altered mentation) had a CSF examination including a wet mount microscop
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:236 (abstract no. Th.B.457)
Gurtman A, Masci J, Pierone G, Nicholas P; Mount Sinai Services, Elmhurst Hospital Center, Elmhurst, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and significance of isolated positive (+) cryptococcal antigen assay (CA) from CSF in HIV+ patients (pts). METHODS: All CA performed between 12/87 and 4/89 were identified. Cases in which CA was + in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but not in the serum and cultures were negative were
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:236 (abstract no. Th.B.456)
Noble A, Hamilton JR, Stevens DA, Denning DW; Santa Clara Valley Med. Center, San Jose, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of pronase on cryptococcal antigen (CA) detection, titers and unclear test reactions. METHOD: Ninety-seven sera and 42 CSF from 37 HIV+ patients (pts) were tested before and after pronase with the Meridian Diagnostics kit. RESULTS: Twenty-six (27%) sera (no CSF) were negative before a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:235 (abstract no. Th.B.455)
Boucot I, Roux P, Poirot JL; Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence, presentation and clinical course of pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) in AIDS patients (pts). METHODS: Thirty nine pts with AIDS and cryptococcosis diagnosed between January 1982 and December 1989 were reviewed retrospectively. Twenty pts had documented PC but data of 18 were available fo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:235 (abstract no. Th.B.454)
Lecomte I, Meyohas MC, De Sa M; Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
Cryptococcosis (C.D.) due to Cryptococcus neoformans is the most frequent disseminated fungal infection in AIDS patients (pts). Its prognosis depends on the precocity of treatment. Screening for soluble cryptococcal antigen (SCA) in sera is the easiest way for early diagnosis and consequent early treatment. OBJECTIVE O
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:235 (abstract no. Th.B.453)
Hatzakis A, Yannitsiotis A, Polychronaki H, Karafoulidou A, Gialeraki A, Katsouyanni K, Mandalaki T; Athens Univ. Medical School, Athens, Greece
OBJECTIVE: Hepatitis C virus is associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) which is a major cause of chronic liver disease. Chronic hepatitis (CH) is a frequent cause of morbidity in hemophiliacs who consist a unique population to determine the impact and interactions of HCV and HIV infections in CH. METHODS: 210 h
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:235 (abstract no. Th.B.452)
Ranger S, Weinbreck P, Loustaud V, Mounier M, Delpeyroux C, Denis F; Department of Bacteriology-Virology, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
OBJECTIVE: Seroprevalence evaluation of HCV comparatively to seroprevalence of HBV and HDV in a population of HIV seropositive patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 150 HIV seropositive patients living in France , well documented (source of contamination, clinical assessment according to WHO HIV criteria) were studied. All s
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:234 (abstract no. Th.B.451)
Vandercam B, Omar M, Cahill M, Mardon J, Cornu C, Shawky S, Zech F, Lamy M; Departments of Internal Medicine and Virology. Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels - Belgium
INTRODUCTION: HIV infection may interfere with the natural course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and failure to show an adequate antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine has been described. In this study, we examine the level and the evolution of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) according to the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:234 (abstract no. Th.B.450)
Ingrand D, Moret H, Sazdovitch V, Agut H, Huraux JM; Laboratoire de Virologie du CERVI, Hopital de la Pitie, France
OBJECTIVE: We have conducted a prospective study to determine the prevalence of polyomavirus (BK virus and JC viruses) in brain tissue from AIDS patients suspected of having CNS virus involvement. METHODS: Brain material were frozen immediately after autopsy and stored at -70 degrees C. DNA from frozen tissue was treat
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:234 (abstract no. Th.B.449)
Galli M, Vago L, Rizzardini G, Coen M, Isabella L, Albarello V, Castagna A, Costanzi G; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
OBJECTIVE: 1) To assess the prevalence of PML in a large autopsied series of AIDS cases. 2) To identify early clinical signs of PML. METHODS: A series of 385 consecutive AIDS autopsies performed at L. Sacco Hospital, Milan from 1984 to 1989 was reviewed. Histological diagnosis of PML was confirmed by anti SV40 MoAb and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:234 (abstract no. Th.B.448)
Harelimana F, Bugingo G; National University of Rwanda, Butare, Rwanda
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and epidemiological features of HIV related Herpes Zoster (HZ) in Rwanda , a country in Central Africa where the HIV infection and AIDS are common. METHODS: Between January 1985 and November 1989, 793 patients chosen from the Dermatology Clinic s attendants were screened for HIV1 ant
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:233 (abstract no. Th.B.447)
Tan C, Hardy D, Chafey S, Karol C; UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety, clinical and virologic efficacy and maintenance therapy (Rx) requirements of PFA for ACV-R HSV infections in AIDS patients (pts). METHODS: Six AIDS pts with persistent HSV infections (5-perianal, 1-facial) clinically and virologically well-documented to be resistant to ACV (ID50 grea
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:233 (abstract no. Th.B.446)
Doherty R, Hayes K, Birch C; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield Hospital, Victoria, Australia
OBJECTIVE: Foscarnet resistance developed in severe genital Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV2) infection in a young woman with AIDS. Partly successful symptomatic management of lesions was achieved with topical interferon (IFN) and trifluorothymidine (TFT). METHODS & RESULTS: Our patient presented with HSV2 unresponsive
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:233 (abstract no. Th.B.445)
Nichols L, Klatt EC, Appleman MD, DeGirolami PC, Balogh K; Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center (LAC-USC MC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the potential usefulness of bronchoscopy cultures for the diagnosis of CMV pneumonia in patients with AIDS. METHODS: We correlated detection of CMV in bronchoscopy specimens by culture with definitive diagnosis of CMV pneumonia at autopsy in 60 AIDS cases from LAC-USC MC and 26 AIDS cases from NEDH
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:233 (abstract no. Th.B.444)
Habicht S, Jautzke G, Iglesias JR, Schurmann D, Pohle HD, Ruf B; II. Department of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University Hospital (Wedding), Freie Universitat Berlin, FRG
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency and clinical manifestations of CMV encephalitis and the significance of diagnostic procedures. METHODS: Analysis of data from AIDS patients (n=65) with a complete clinical follow-up and autopsy investigation. CMV diagnosis: serology, culture (respiratory secretions, urine), investig
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:232 (abstract no. Th.B.443)
Heise W, Mostertz P, Arasteh K, Skorde G, Grosse G, L'age M; Auguste-Viktoria-Hospital, Berlin, West Germany, II. Intern.Dpt.
OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical, diagnostic and endoscopic findings in gastrointestinal (GI) cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) lesions and their therapeutical response to therapy with ganciclovir. METHODS: Upper and lower GI tract endoscopies were done in 250 AIDS patients with GI symptoms. CMV lesions were found in 85/250 (34%)
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:232 (abstract no. Th.B.442)
Petersen E, Kaplan C, Fish D, Hersh E, Grayson J, Gray J, Masuho Y; University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of TI-23, a human anti- cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) monoclonal antibody in HIV seropositive persons. METHODS: TI-23 is produced from a fusion of human splenic lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cell line P3x63AgU1. TI-23 is an IgG1 with high neutralizing activity agains
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:232 (abstract no. Th.B.441)
Sha B, Benson C, Deutsch T, Pottage J, Urbanski P, Kessler H; Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high dose IV ACV in combination with zidovudine (ZDV) as suppressive therapy for CMV retinitis in AIDS patients. METHODS: A single arm, open-label, phase 2 pilot study using ACV 10 mg/kg IV q 8 hours plus ZDV 200 mg p.o. q 4 hours as suppressive therapy for CMV retiniti
OBJECTIVE: To describe a new side effect of F observed in AIDS patients (pts). METHODS: Between 1985 and 1989, AIDS pts who developed G.U under F therapy for CMV retinitis, were evaluated with biological, viral, bacteriological and histological investigations. RESULTS: Eleven homosexual men, mean age 38 years, develope
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:231 (abstract no. Th.B.439)
Nauss-Karol C, Redding K, Sagaties M, Gray W, Ussery F 3d; Astra Pharmaceutical Products, Inc., Westborough, MA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of foscarnet on serum ionized calcium (CA++), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) levels in man. In dogs, foscarnet treatment by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion is known to reduce Ca++ and elevate PTH and 1,25(OH)2D3. METHODS: AIDS patients
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:231 (abstract no. Th.B.438)
Manischewitz J, Golding H, Baird B, deSmet M, Polis M; FDA, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti- CMV activity of foscarnet (fos) in patients on a clinical trial for the treatment of non-sight threatening CMV retinitis. METHODS: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in AIDS patients (pts) with non-sight threatening CMV retinitis to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:231 (abstract no. Th.B.437)
Parenti DM, Drew WL, Feinberg JE, O'Donnell JJ, Whitmore PV, Miner R, Jacobson MA; The George Washington Univ. Med. Ctr., Wash., DC, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the activity of PFA on CMV retinitis in HIV-infected patients (PTS) with clinical and virologic resistance to GCV. METHODS: Retinitis progression was defined as either a new opacified lesion in a previously uninvolved area of either eye, or advancement of any pre-existing lesion by more than 750 mu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:231 (abstract no. Th.B.436)
Leonard L, Lippe M, Follansbee S, Drennan D, Karol C; Davies Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of foscarnet treatment of CMV retinitis in AIDS patients. METHODS: Patients with AIDS and active CMV retinitis were enrolled. Some, but not all patients had prior DHPG treatment. Those completing a 14-21 day induction phase of intermittent intravenous infusions were random
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:230 (abstract no. Th.B.435)
Katlama C, Dohin E, Robinet M, Caumes E, Le Hoang P, Gentilini M; Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of Foscarnet (PFA) in maintenance therapy of CMV retinitis. PATIENTS: 22 patients who had successfully completed a PFA (100 mg/kg q 12 hours) with cicatrization of retinal lesions were given PFA in maintenance therapy with 100 mg/kg/day in a two-hour infusion; a concomitan
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:230 (abstract no. Th.B.434)
Dohin E, Katlama C, Cochereau I, Ingrand D, Le Hoang P, Gentilini M; Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere - Paris - France
OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of efficacy and tolerance of intermittent administration of Foscarnet (PFA) in treatment of acute CMV retinitis. METHODS: Patients with acute retinitis were given PFA (200 mg/kg/d) through IV infusion. 2 regimens were used: A) 60 mg/kg/day q 8 hours; B) 100 mg/kg/day q 12 hours; concomitant hydrat
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:230 (abstract no. Th.B.433)
Jennens I, Stewart K, McLean H, Slavin M, Sandland AM, Mijch AM, Hoy JF, Lucas CR; Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
AIM: To determine the efficacy of ganciclovir infusions given three times per week as maintenance therapy to prevent relapse of CMV retinitis. METHODS: Forty-eight AIDS patients were treated at Fairfield Hospital with ganciclovir for CMV retinitis from June 1986 to January 1990. Therapy consisted of an induction course
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:230 (abstract no. Th.B.432)
Feinberg J, Katz D, Mastre B, DeArmond B; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous GCV therapy in AIDS patients (pts) with ISTCR. GCV was distributed under the treatment IND mechanism which permits access by any licensed US physicians to a promising investigational drug with evidence of safety. METHODS: AIDS pts with ophthalmologist-confir
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:229 (abstract no. Th.B.431)
Zurlo J, O'Neill D, Polis M, Manischewitz J, Davey R, Falloon J, Kovacs J, Zunich K, Yarchoan R, Lane H, et al; Clinical Center/NIAID/NCI, National Institutes of Health, and FDA, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between CMV urine and blood culture results and circulating CD4 counts in HIV infected patients. METHODS: The initial blood and urine CMV culture was assessed in all HIV infected patients who had a circulating CD4 count done the same day as the culture. RESULTS: The patient popu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:229 (abstract no. Th.B.430)
Stewart K, Hayes K, Mijch AM, McLean H, Hoy JF, Sandland AM, Lucas CR; Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the link between CMV shedding in saliva/urine and CMV viremia and the development of CMV retinitis. METHOD: One hundred and thirty-nine patients enrolled in 4 categories of HIV infection (established AIDS greater than 4 months, 42, new AIDS, 29, CD4 less than 200, 37, CD4 greater than 200, 31). B
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:229 (abstract no. Th.B.429)
Feuerstein I, Falloon J, Polis M, Pluda J, O'Neill D, Travis W, Masur H; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and pathologic features of disseminated Pneumocystis carinii infection (DPCI) in patients with AIDS. METHODS: Retrospective review of charts, radiologic studies, and pathologic specimens of pts with AIDS and DPCI diagnosed either histologically or radiologicall
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:229 (abstract no. Th.B.428)
Noskin G, Murphy RL, Finn WG, Timins M; Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA
Pneumocystis carinii (PC) is the organism responsible for the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with the HIV-1. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) occurs in 60-70% of patients with AIDS. Recently, aerosolized pentamidine has received widespread use for PCP prophylaxis. Because signif
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:228 (abstract no. Th.B.427)
Denis M, Guidet B, Lebas J; Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY: To analyse clinical data in all AIDS patients (pts), seen during 1989 in the Eastern Paris Hospitals because of D.P.C.I. PATIENTS: 5 homosexual and 1 drug addict males, between 35 and 39 years old, treated with Zidovudine for 12 to 22 months because of AIDS. METHODS: In all cases, D.P.C.I. were
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:228 (abstract no. Th.B.426)
McCabe R, Edelstein H; University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA
OBJECTIVE: Recent case reports have noted atypical presentations of PCP in pts receiving IPP. In order to assess the magnitude of this problem, we studied the frequency and characteristics of PCP in pts who received IPP. METHODS: Retrospective study of all pts with biopsy or cytology proven PCP at two hospitals from Ju
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:228 (abstract no. Th.B.425)
Scheibel S, Valenti W, Williams C; Community Health Network, Rochester, New York, 14620, USA
OBJECTIVE: To review cases of pneumocystis carinii infection (PCI) among HIV positive subjects who have received prolonged inhaled pentamidine as primary or secondary prophylaxis. METHOD: Review of charts among 187 HIV positive subjects to determine cases of PCI among those patients receiving more than 6 months of inha
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:228 (abstract no. Th.B.424)
Gopinath N, Blendis LM, Vellend H, Sherman M, Rachlis A, Wilson S, Cameron R, Read S, Phillips AM; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
OBJECTIVE: Extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii (PC) has been recognized with increasing frequency, possibly related to increasing use of aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis (APP) in HIV disease. Ultrasound (U/S) was used to screen for PC. RESULTS: Two index cases led us to note a characteristic ultrasound appearance of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:227 (abstract no. Th.B.423)
Duguay D, Falutz J, Fanning M, Fong IW, Garber G, Gervais A, Gilmore N, Hyland R, Lawson L, Louie T, et al; Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the CXR patterns of recurrent PCP in patients receiving long-term AP prophylaxis to determine whether upper lobe disease is the most common radiographic feature. METHODS: Chest x-ray reports of first PCP relapses in 44 patients after 5.5+/-3.2 months (range 0.6-11.7) prophylactic AP treatment, an
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:227 (abstract no. Th.B.422)
Waskin H, Hardy WD, McClain N, Fall H; Duke Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively monitor post- PCP patients for glucose dysfunction and to identify the risk of dysglycemia in patients who subsequently receive aerosolized pentamidine (AP) for secondary prophylaxis. METHOD: Glucose tolerance testing (GTT) (oral 75 gm load) was performed on 35 patients who had recently reco
OBJECTIVE: To define the extent, duration, and reversibility of Pentamidine induced bronchoconstriction in HIV positive patients, which has so far been poorly characterized. METHODS: Forty males with normal lung function, mean age =35.6, (range 24-56), were studied. All were receiving fortnightly nebulized Pentamidine
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:227 (abstract no. Th.B.420)
Quieffin J, Hunter J, Pare PD, Schechter MT, Ruedy J, Montaner JS; AIDS Research Program and Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada
OBJECTIVE: To describe the frequency of pentamidine induced bronchospasm (PIB), its relationship to airways hyperresponsiveness and its response to preventive therapy using salbutamol (SAL), ipratropium bromide (IB) or sodium chromoglycate (SC). METHODS: Consecutive patients entering our aerosolized pentamidine (AP) pr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:226 (abstract no. Th.B.419)
Leoung G, Schecter G, Kandal K, Freeman E, Corkery K, Wardlaw L; University of California, San Francisco (SFGH), California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Because cough and bronchospasm are frequent side effects of aerosolized pentamidine (AP) treatments, airborne transmission of infectious diseases is a growing concern. TB occurs in 2-5% of all AIDS patients and may represent the most serious threat of nosocomial transmission. This study assessed the risk of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:226 (abstract no. Th.B.418)
Wingen F, Bragas B; Clinical Research Dpt., Rhone-Poulenc Koln, FRG
OBJECTIVE: The organ distribution of 14C-pentamidine was studied in Sprague Dawley rats by means of whole-body autoradiography following intravenous application and inhalation of aerosolized pentamidine. METHODS: The distribution time after intravenous administration of 5 mg pentamidine per kg rat was 30 minutes, 6 hou
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:226 (abstract no. Th.B.417)
Paycha F, Lepretre A, Girard PM, Meulemans A, Russ G, Coulaud JP; Departement de Medecine Nucleaire et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U13, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the comparative efficacy of three nebulizers for lung deposition of pentamidine. METHODS: Pentamidine isethionate (150 mg), mixed with technetium-99m-labeled human serum albumin was administered by means of one jet nebulizer (Respirgard, Marquest) and two ultrasonic nebulizers (DP 100, DP Medical
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:226 (abstract no. Th.B.416)
Vohringer HF, Arasteh K, Hardtmann E; Auguste-Viktoria-Hospital, Free University of Berlin, FRG
OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of distribution and multiple dose kinetic of PM after intravenous (i.v.) and inhaled application in treatment of pneumocystosis ( PCP ). METHODS: 35 AIDS-patients (pts) with severe or mild episodes of PCP were treated with PM-isethionate: 8 pts (gr.I) by i.v. infusion (4 mg/kg/day), 11 pts (gr.II)
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:225 (abstract no. Th.B.415)
Thomas S, O'Doherty M, Page C, Bradbeer C, Nunan T, Bateman N; St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
OBJECTIVE: To measure pulmonary deposition (PD) of AP 300 mg given via Respirgard II and 6 other nebulisers. METHODS: After pre-treatment with salbutamol, 8 patients with AIDS received 300 mg AP (an effective dose for prophylaxis), via 4 jet (Respirgard II [RII], Centimist [C], System 22 Mizer [SM], and System 22 Mizer
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:225 (abstract no. Th.B.414)
Clotet B, Sirera G, Romeu J, Velasco P, Gimeno JM, Tor J; Infectious Diseases Unit. Hospital de Badalona Germans Trias i Pujol. Spain
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of dapsone-pyrimethamine (D-P) in reducing the frequency of second episodes of P.Carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) in HIV seropositive patients. METHODS: We introduced 20 male patients fulfilling AIDS criteria who had recovered from PCP with intravenous cotrimoxazole therapy
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:225 (abstract no. Th.B.413)
Kelly J, Keyes C, Marte C, Wolbert J, Chieffe R; Bellevue Hospital/Community Health Project, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and hematologic toxicity of once daily (OD) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) used as a prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ). METHODS: Charts were reviewed retrospectively. Inclusion criteria were (a) PCP prophylaxis with OD TMP/SMX, (b) CD4+ count less than
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:225 (abstract no. Th.B.412)
Nielsen TL, Jensen BN, Nelsing S, Pedersen C, Orholm M, Skinhoj P, Mathiesen L; Dept of Infect Dis, University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate: 1) the efficacy of sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim (SMX-TMP) as secondary prophylaxis (SP) after Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) and 2) the frequency of hypersensitivity reactions during SP. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-two patients received SMX-TMP as SP 800/160 mg daily. Six patients w
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:224 (abstract no. Th.B.411)
Ogata-Arakaki D, Falloon J, Lavelle J, Byrne A, Kovacs J, Pierce P, Davey R, Polis M, Lane HC, Zunich K, et al; Clinical Center/NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety of weekly dapsone (dap) and dap plus pyrimethamine (pyr) in individuals with HIV infection who are at risk of P. carinii pneumonia ( PCP ). METHODS: Pts infected with HIV who had a history of PCP and/or a CD4 count less than 250/mm3 were sequentially enrolled in cohorts receiving dap
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:224 (abstract no. Th.B.410)
Johnson MA, Squire SB, Condez A, Poulter LW; Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London, England
OBJECTIVE: This study examines the role of lung macrophage populations in the development of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) and the effect of prophylactic inhaled pentamidine on these populations. METHOD: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on 40 HIV infected patients presenting with pneumonitis.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:224 (abstract no. Th.B.409)
Slavin M, Hoy JF, Mijch AM, Sandland AM, Stewart K, Lucas CR; Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and haematologic toxicity of oral dapsone and nebulised pentamidine used as PCP prophylaxis in patients also receiving zidovudine ( AZT ). METHOD: HIV patients with CD4 cells of less than 200/ul are randomised to receive oral dapsone 100 mg twice weekly or nebulised pent
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:224 (abstract no. Th.B.408)
Chan C, Rachlis A, Walmsley S, Varga B, Bast M, Phillips A, Ferro S; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis (APP) for PCP in HIV infected patients. METHOD: From May 1 to December 31, 1989 550 HIV patients were enrolled in an APP treatment program at the central clinic in Toronto. All patients had baseline clinical assessments and pulmonary evaluation
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:223 (abstract no. Th.B.407)
Torres R, Thorn M, Newlands J, Ortiz P, Martin M, Chanin E, Altholz J, Thornton J; St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center, New York, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of oral Dapsone (OD) and aerosolized Pentamidine (AP) in the primary and secondary prophylaxis of PCP , and to study the independent effects of prophylaxis and zidovudine (ZDV) on survival in patients with AIDS and ARC. METHODS: 251 patients at risk for PCP were randomized
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:223 (abstract no. Th.B.406)
Chopard P, Hirschel B, Lazzarin A; Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
OBJECTIVE: To determine efficacy and side effects of inhaled pentamidine in the primary prevention of PCP . METHODS: Patients with AIDS but without PCP, patients with advanced Aids-Related-Complex (ARC), and asymptomatic HIV-seropositive persons with less than 200 CD4-positive lymphocytes/mm3 were randomized to one of
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:223 (abstract no. Th.B.405)
McGladrey J, Ronco JJ, Russell JA, Lawson LM, MacNeil N, Schechter MT, Ruedy J, Montaner JS; Research Program and Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To describe the outcome of acute respiratory failure (ARF) requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) in the setting of AIDS-related PCP . METHODS: All cases of PCP admitted to our hospital were identified from the AIDS Care Group, PCP Registry. Charts were reviewed to determine the number of cases developing ARF
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:223 (abstract no. Th.B.404)
Blumenfeld W, Mayall B, Griffiss M; University of California, San Francisco, CA. USA
15-20% of AIDS patients with PcP do poorly despite early intervention, but it is not known what distinguishes those who die. We tested the hypothesis that the trophozoite is the more virulent lifeform and therefore more abundant in patients who die, by using image analysis to find out the relative abundance of cysts wi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:222 (abstract no. Th.B.403)
Roux P, Parrot A, Parquin F, Denis M, Akoun G, Mayaud C; Laboratory of parasitology. Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY: To determine in AIDS patients (pts) if there is a relation between parasitical data (degree of parasitism (DP) and parasite viability (PV)) and clinical data during the evolution of P.C.P. PATIENTS: This study concerns 61 AIDS pts with P.C.P. diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (n=59) or
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:222 (abstract no. Th.B.402)
Capella F, Guidet B, Farjanel J, Hartman D, Meyohas MC, Offenstadt G; Hop. Saint Antoine, Paris, France
During PCP acute respiratory failure, an irreversible fibrotic process can occur extremely fast. It would be of great interest to have an vivo index predicting the likelihood of such a process. We report here for the first time a study of four markers of collagen metabolism obtained from both bronchoalveolar lavage (BA
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:222 (abstract no. Th.B.401)
Falutz J, Tsoukas CM, Sampalis J, Grover S; Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
OBJECTIVE: Recent improvements in the management of acute PCP have resulted in fewer hospital admissions for treatment. To determine the effectiveness of out-patient (out-pt) management, we analyzed clinical and laboratory characteristics, and outcomes, in acute PCP treated at home or in hospital. METHODS: All first PC
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:222 (abstract no. Th.B.400)
Jones DR, Black JR; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
Agents for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) cheaper than aerosolized pentamidine and less toxic than trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SX) are desirable. The combination of clindamycin (C) and primaquine (P) shows comparable activity to TMP/SX in both rat treatment and prophylaxis models of PCP. P
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:221 (abstract no. Th.B.399)
Falloon J, Kovacs J, Allegra C, O'Neill D, Tuazon C, Frame P, Dohn M, Joseph P, Feuerstein I, LaFon S, et al; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral piritrexim administered with concomitant leucovorin for the treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia ( PCP ) in AIDS pts. METHODS: An open dose-escalation trial of PTX/LCV was conducted in 4 centers. 23 pts with mild/moderate PCP and no other therapy for this episode re
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:221 (abstract no. Th.B.398)
Smith D, Smithson J, Harding I, Gazzard B, Nelson M; Westminster Hospital, London, England
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of eflornithine (DFMO) and co-trimoxazole (CTX) in the treatment of first episode Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) in AIDS patients. METHODS: Forty five HIV positive patients with cough, exertional dyspnoea, fever and an arterial blood gas (PAo2) less than 11Kpa and a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:221 (abstract no. Th.B.397)
Ruf B, Rohde I, Pohle HD; II. Department of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University Hospital (Wedding), Berlin, FRG
OBJECTIVE: TMP/SMZ is highly effective in PCP treatment but associated with a high rate of side effects. Therefore alternative regimens are needed. The goal of the study was to compare C/P and TMP/SMZ in acute treatment of PCP. PATIENTS: Less or moderate severe cases were included in the C/P study, defined by the follo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:221 (abstract no. Th.B.396)
Toma E, Fournier S, Morisset R, Bolduc P, Marechal C; Hotel-Dieu de Montreal and Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Que., Canada
OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of clindamycin + primaquine (C/P) in comparison with trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole (T/S) for the therapy of PCP in patients with AIDS. METHODS: This is an ongoing, double-blind trial which will include 120 patients. Patients are considered if: they are HIV+, have a first e
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:220 (abstract no. Th.B.395)
Montgomery AB, Edison RE, Sattler F, Hopewell P, Mason G, Feigal DW; Univ of Calif., San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of aerosolized pentamidine (AP) compared to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) for acute treatment of PCP . METHODS: 379 patients at 27 centers were randomized to AP or TMP/SMX if their room air Aa gradient was less than 55. 284 had PCP microscopically confirmed after i
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:220 (abstract no. Th.B.394)
Goujard C, Delfraissy JF, Wallon C, Boue F, Dormont J, Galanaud P; Service de Medecine Interne-INSERM U 131-Hopital A.Beclere-Clamart-92141. France.
OBJECTIVE: Interleukin 6 (IL6) is likely to be an important mediator of the inflammatory response. In vitro, HIV can induce the secretion of IL6. We have measured the levels of this cytokine by a biological assay in the sera of 76 HIV seropositive patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: The presence of IL6 was considered to be
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:220 (abstract no. Th.B.393)
Contini C, Cignarella L, Romani R, Ajassa C, Zamora C, Delia S; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University "La Sapienza" Rome, Italy
OBJECTIVE: DIB using non-commercial mouse monoclonal antibody (E5-8) has been compared to an indirect immunofluorescent test (IIF) for detection of P.carinii antigen in BAL. BAL were also stained by Gomori s modified methenamine silver stain (GMS). METHODS: 84 BAL were included in this study: Group A) 40 from AIDS pati
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:220 (abstract no. Th.B.392)
Chave JP, David S, Wauters JP, Glauser MP, Francioli P; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
OBJECTIVE: Pc pneumonia (pcp) presumably results from reactivation of a previously acquired infection, but clusters of cases in the pre-AIDS era suggest that nosocomial transmission could occur. Since 1988, 4 pcp occurred in HIV-negative renal transplant recipients (rtr), while no cases were observed previously among 1
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:219 (abstract no. Th.B.391)
Vandenbruaene M, Colebunders R, Goeman J, Goilav C, Peeters M, De Vroey C; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
OBJECTIVE: To study the relation between skin colonisation by Pityrosporon ovale (PO) and the presence of seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) in HIV(+) patients. METHODS: Contact plates (Dixons medium with 0,5 mg/ml chloramphenicol) were pressed on the forehead (FH) and on the intrascapular region (IS) of 32 HIV(+) patients (2
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:219 (abstract no. Th.B.390)
Picard C, Matheron S, Salmon D, Raphael M, Crickx B, Belaich S; Bichat-Claude-Bernard Hospital, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To describe three case reports of hyperpigmented erythrodermia (E) recorded between July 1987 and December 1989. METHODS: Retrospective study of three HIV1 seropositive patients: 2 homosexual men (1) and (2), and 1 woman (3) (infected by transfusion), respectively: 40, 54 and 82 years old, with no past histo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:219 (abstract no. Th.B.389)
Co M, Sadick N, Ravipati M, Kaplan E, Pahwa S; North Shore University Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, N.Y., USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of mucocutaneous disease in children with HIV infection and correlate this with the degree of immunosuppression. METHODS: 76 children, age range 2 wks to 17 yrs 48 of whom were in the P1/P2 and 28 in the P-O category were evaluated for the presence of mucocutaneous disease over a pe
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:219 (abstract no. Th.B.388)
Manela-Azulay M, Caneschi JR, Cavalcanti M, Ramos-Filho CF, Perez M, Schechter M, Pereira AC Jr; AIDS Programme, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate the frequency of dermatological manifestations among patients admitted to a Brazilian University hospital with advanced HIV-related disease. METHODS: Three hundred and fifty consecutive patients were prospectively screened for skin disease. Data was collected for age, sex, ethnicity,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:218 (abstract no. Th.B.387)
Cimoch PJ, Friedberg G, Jackowski J, Reiter WM; Center for Special Immunology, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA
OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the efficacy of supplemental parenteral nutrition in the treatment of protein-calorie malnutrition not improved by at least 4 weeks of oral supplementation in patients with AIDS. 2. To assess the effect of treatment on performance status and quality of life. 3. To assess infectious and metaboli
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:218 (abstract no. Th.B.386)
Dworkin BM, Seaton T, Wormser G; New York Medical College, Valhalla, N.Y., USA
Patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) frequently become cachectic. To evaluate the roles of TNF and hypermetabolism in seropositive HIV patients, we studied 33 clinically stable, afebrile outpatients, staged by CDC criteria as stage 4 (N=33). Resting metabolic rate (RMR) was measured by indirect cal
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:218 (abstract no. Th.B.385)
Lichter S, Palenicek J, Yamaguchi E, Barbacci M, Chaisson RE; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: Study the efficacy, safety and tolerance of fluconazole or clotrimazole troches in the treatment of HIV-1 positive patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis . METHODS: Patients with symptomatic, culture-proven oral candidiasis were randomized to fluconazole daily capsule (100 mg) or clotrimazole troche five ti
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:218 (abstract no. Th.B.384)
Reynes J, Azay J, Montes B, Mallie M, Janbon F, Bertrand A; (Infectious Diseases Unit) University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy and tolerance of oral fluconazole in maintenance therapy after a first oral candidiasis episode. METHODS: 53 HIV infected adults (12 ARC, 41 AIDS), after an initial curative treatment of fluconazole (50 mg daily for 2-4 weeks), received oral fluconazole (50 mg daily for one week in two).
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:217 (abstract no. Th.B.383)
Grassi M, Hammerle C, Staschek I, Berthold H, Lang NP; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, School of Dental Medicine
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present investigation is to study longitudinally the severity and the course of HIV-associated gingivitis by standard clinical periodontal parameters. METHODS: 12 patients were selected for this study, 10 males and 2 females with a mean age of 33.2 years (range from 22 to 48). Six patients
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:217 (abstract no. Th.B.382)
MacPhail LA, Greenspan D, Feigal DW, Lennette ET, Dodd C, Schiodt M, Greenspan JS; Oral AIDS Center, Univ of Calif., San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between lymphocyte subtype and HIV associated recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU). METHODS: Absolute T4 and T8 counts were determined in 42 patients on 124 visits for RAU. RAU types were defined as: Minor = 1 or more ulcers less than 10 mm diameter, Major = 1 or more greater than 10
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:217 (abstract no. Th.B.381)
Raphael M, Pallesen G, Chomette G, Audouin J, Szpirglas H, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Lenoir G; CHU Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France
Extra-nodal sites with unusual presentation of high grade non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL) of Bcell type are observed in AIDS patients. We report a series of 12 patients with oral mucosal lymphomas registered in the French study group for HIV associated tumors and in the Danish group . Twelve patients (mean age: 39 year o
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:217 (abstract no. Th.B.380)
Casariego Z, Cahn P, Perez H, Casiro A, Muchinik G, Rickard E; Htal Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
OBJECTIVE: To study the value of oral pathology as a predictor of HIV sero positivity in high risk populations. METHODS: In 303 patients (pts) who consulted spontaneously for first time to our HIV clinic, we performed clinical and stomatological examination. Oral pathology was defined as one or more of the following: O
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:216 (abstract no. Th.B.379)
Leggott PJ, Mastrucci MT, MacPhail L, Weintrub PS, Rumsey CL, Cowan MJ, Scott GB, Greenspan JS; University of British Columbia, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nature and prevalence of oral lesions in children born to HIV infected mothers. METHODS: Two cohorts of children are being followed as part of a longitudinal study of the epidemiology of oral manifestations of HIV infection in children. A hundred seropositive children with perinatally acqu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:216 (abstract no. Th.B.378)
Powderly W, Robinson K, Keath EJ; Div. of Infectious Diseases, VA Medical Center and Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
OBJECTIVE: Clonal restriction (i.e. infection limited to one or more unique strains) has recently been described for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex and Histoplasma capsulatum infection in patients with AIDS. It has also been suggested, based on serotypic analysis, that strains of Candida albicans are simila
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:216 (abstract no. Th.B.377)
Epstein JB, Sherlock CS, Greenspan JS; Cancer Control Agency of B.C., Vancouver, B.C., Canada
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of immunosuppression other than that caused by HIV infection in the pathogenesis of hairy leukoplakia (HL). METHODS: We chose patients at Day 90-100 following bone marrow transplant as models of chronic severe immunosuppression. All patients were HIV negative. Clinical changes of the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:216 (abstract no. Th.B.376)
Feigal DW, Greenspan D, Winkelstein W, Rutherford G, Moss A, Greenspan JS; Univ of Calif, San Diego, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of hairy leukoplakia (HL) by absolute CD4 count in gay men. METHODS: 564 seropositive and 644 seronegative gay men were examined (blind to serostatus) in 1987 in 3 cohorts of the Oral AIDS Epidemiology project: the SF Gay Mens Health Study (SFGMHS, n=715); the SF City Clinic Cohort (S
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:215 (abstract no. Th.B.375)
Sugihara K, Reichart PA, Gelderblom HR, Pohle HD, Langford A, Schmidt-Westhausen A, Reupke H; Kagoshima University Dental School, Kagoshima, Japan
OBJECTIVE: Purpose of the present study was to evaluate two different EM techniques suitable to detect Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in oral hairy leukoplakia (HL). METHODS: A comparative study using the conventional two step method of negative staining (CNS) and negative staining after airfuge enrichment (ANS) was performe
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:215 (abstract no. Th.B.374)
Schiodt M, Atkinson J, Greenspan D, Fox P, Dodd CL, Daniels TE, Hollander H, Chernoff D, Greenspan JS; Oral AIDS Center, University of California, San Francisco, California USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare salivary chemistry of HIV-associated salivary gland disease (HIV-SGD) with that in HIV-seropositive controls and primary Sjogren s syndrome(SS). METHODS: HIV-SGD was defined as the presence of xerostomia or enlarged salivary glands in an HIV infected individual. Stimulated parotid saliva was obtai
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:215 (abstract no. Th.B.373)
Rolston K, Rodriguez S; The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Diarrhea is common in HIV infected individuals and is caused by a wide variety of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa and other intestinal parasites. Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is the most common virus causing diarrhea in such patients. The role of gastrointestinal viruses such as Adenovirus, Enterovirus and Rotav
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:215 (abstract no. Th.B.372)
Kasbohrer A, Schneider C, Gelderblom HR, Arasteh K, Heise W, Grosse G, L'age M, Pauli G; AIDS-Zentrum, Berlin, FRG
OBJECTIVE: Prevalence and clinical relevance of intestinal spirochetosis in HIV-positive individuals with enteropathy. METHODS: 42 HIV-infected individuals, 38 of them homosexual males, were studied. 37 showed diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain, fever or obstipation as the main symptoms. Biopsies taken by ileocolosc
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:214 (abstract no. Th.B.371)
Bernal A, Rachal L, del Junco G, Piot D, Salvato P; Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, Texas USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and significance of Helicobacter (Campylobacter pylori) infection in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: All patients referred for gastroscopy examination on clinical grounds seen in two consecutive months were included; some of the patients were on antibiotics. Clo test and biopsies
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:214 (abstract no. Th.B.370)
Battan R, Palagiano A, Raviglione MC, Sabatini MT, Boyle J, Sayad K, Ottaviano L; Cabrini Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of Helicobacter (formerly Campylobacter) pylori (HP) infection of the gastric mucosa in unselected patients with AIDS or ARC undergoing endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal complaints. METHODS: On consecutive AIDS/ARC and age-sex matched control patients with similar symptoms 2 endosc
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:214 (abstract no. Th.B.369)
Reka S, Kotler DP; St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Columbia P&S, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To correlate the presence of HIV protein expression in the gastrointestinal tract with clinical and histologic features and with tissue cytokine contents. METHODS: Sixty four HIV-infected patients were studied (8 WR2, 9 WR3/4, 10 WR5, 37 WR6 (Walter Reed classification). Rectal biopsies were performed as par
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:214 (abstract no. Th.B.368)
Kapembwa M, Fleming S, Serwadda D, Goodgame R, Lucas S, Sewankambo N, Griffin G; St. George's Hospital, London, UK
OBJECTIVE: To measure small intestinal permeability (SIP) using Lactulose/Mannitol test in Caucasian and African HIV infected patients with and without diarrhoea at different clinical stages of HIV disease. METHODS: 40 London HIV patients (AIDS 26, ARC 7, Asymptomatic 7) 15 of whom had diarrhoea (AIDS 11, ARC 4); 18 no
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:213 (abstract no. Th.B.367)
Elia CC, Madi K, Trajman A, Silva CV, Kotze LS, Barroso PF; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the histomorphologic aspects and the presence of microorganisms in the intestinal mucosa, correlating these findings to the clinical stage. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Peroral jejunal biopsy was obtained with a Watson capsule in 43 patients with HIV infection, defined as two positive serologic tests (
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:213 (abstract no. Th.B.366)
Batman P, Miller A, Griffin GE; Department of Histopathology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
OBJECTIVE: Pathophysiology of depressed autonomic nervous function in HIV disease is unknown but may be related to neuronal degeneration. In order to test the hypothesis that jejunal autonomic neuronal mass is reduced in HIV infection we have histologically quantitated neuronal tissue in jejunal biopsies using a neuron
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:213 (abstract no. Th.B.365)
Girard PM, Goldschmidt E, Vittecoq D, Massip P, Meyohas MC, Bouslama K, May T, Gallais H, Gastiaburu J, Schally AV; Hopitaux Bichat-C Bernard, Necker, St Antoine, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: On the basis of experimental antisecretory activity of the somatostatine analog RC-160 (D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys-Trp-NH2, Vapreotide) a pilot trial for treatment of AIDS related diarrhea was conducted from August 1988 until December 1989. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients entered the trial. T
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:213 (abstract no. Th.B.364)
Mallolas J, Miro JM, Gatell JM, Moreno A, Soriano E; Infectious Disease Unit. Hospital Clinic. Barcelona. (Spain)
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerance of SMS 201-995 as a symptomatic therapy for the diarrhea in HIV infected patients. METHOD: We enrolled all HIV infected patients suffering from diarrhea without clinical response to conventional therapy. SMS 201-995 was administered by subcutaneous route every
OBJECTIVE: To assess the response of chronic diarrhea to saccharomyces boulardii. Background: Chronic diarrhea and weight loss are common features of HIV infection and one major course of morbidity and death in HIV infected patients. METHODS: 30 patients with AIDS and severe chronic diarrhea were studied. All patients
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:212 (abstract no. Th.B.362)
Thomas G, Geraci A, Lavigne J, Levy M; Affiliation not specified
OBJECTIVE: Recurrence rates of venereal warts have long been felt to be high in those infected with HIV, though no studies of adequate sample size have been published to document this. This study provides statistical evidence for a strong correlation between HIV infection and recurrence of anogenital warts in the gay m
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:212 (abstract no. Th.B.361)
Borcich A, Reka S, Winkler WP, Kotler DP; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia P&S, New York, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of corticosteroids upon symptoms in patients with idiopathic esophageal ulcers. METHODS: We previously demonstrated cells containing HIV genome by in situ RNA hybridization in patients with idiopathic esophageal ulcers (Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84:313). Clinical anecdotes indicate that
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:141 (abstract no. Th.B.32)
Manning D, Jacobsberg L, Erhart S, Perry S, Frances A; Department of Psychiatry, The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of antidepressant medication in the treatment of depressed HIV positive patients. Subsidiary objectives of this study are to determine how improvement in HIV related depression impacts on medical status and rate of progression of illness, suicide risk and other psychiatric morbidity, ove
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:141 (abstract no. Th.B.31)
Marotta R, Breitbart W, Platt M, Corbera K, Weisman H, Cancellieri F; St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of three drug interventions in the treatment of delirium in medically hospitalized AIDS patients, i.e. Haloperidol (a high potency neuroleptic) vs. Chlorpromazine (a low potency neuroleptic), vs. Lorazepam (a benzodiazipene). METHODS: Patients admitted to two AIDS units were screened
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:141 (abstract no. Th.B.30)
Orr D, O'Dowd MA, McKegney FP, Natali C; Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence of suicidal behaviors in patients at different stages of HIV infection. METHOD: 155 patients attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic for HIV related problems were surveyed regarding past and present suicidal behaviors. The population surveyed was predominantly Hispanic (54%) and 52
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:141 (abstract no. Th.B.29)
Tempesta E, Di Giannantonio M, Mattioni T, Persico AM, Lestingi L, Ortona L; Dept. of Psychiatry, Catholic University of S. Heart, Rome, Italy
A psychodiagnostical and psychopharmacotherapeutical study was conducted on a population of 40 IVDA and 10 homosexuals, affected by AIDS (CDC: 80% IV group) and hospitalized in the Infectious Diseases Ward. Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRSA), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRDS) and Brief Psychiatric Ratin
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:140 (abstract no. Th.B.28)
Earl W, Flinders R, Flahive M, Flinders T, Bartholow B, Kobayashi J, Cohn D; Denver Health and Hospitals, Denver, CO, USA
OBJECTIVE: To establish the level of distress experienced by HIV-infected gay and bisexual men and to assess the efficacy of psychosocial interventions in preventing maladaptive adjustment to living with HIV infection and AIDS. METHODS: Psychosocial inventories were administered to 4 groups of HIV-infected men: (1) par
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:140 (abstract no. Th.B.27)
Perry S, Jacobsberg L, Fishman B; Cornell University Medical College, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: Determine if psychosocial factors correlate with total CD4, currently the best predictor of disease progression among HIV-infected individuals (HIV+). METHODS: Among 108 males and 8 females (CDC II/III), Pearson correlations were obtained between entry measures of total CD4 and standardized measures of psych
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:140 (abstract no. Th.B.26)
Kelly B, Raphael B, Zournazi A, Dunne M, Smith S; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
OBJECTIVE: The preliminary phase of a multicentre prospective study of the correlates of psychiatric morbidity, psychological adjustment to disease and sexual behaviour in homosexual/bisexual HIV positive men is described. METHOD: To date 24 asymptomatic HIV+ (CDC II) homosexual/bisexual males have been recruited throu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:140 (abstract no. Th.B.25)
Reed GM, Kemeny ME, Taylor SE; University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between coping responses of gay men diagnosed with AIDS and psychological adjustment, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. METHODS: Fifty men with AIDS, recruited from the UCLA Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), participated at Time 1. A subset of 24 men particip
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:139 (abstract no. Th.B.24)
Coombs RW, Collier AC, Chaloupka K, Corey L; University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
OBJECTIVE: To measure the virologic response of low-dose zidovudine (300 versus 600 mg/day) with or without acyclovir (4800 mg/day) in CDC class IVA disease. METHODS: Twenty-two CDC class IVA patients enrolled in ACTG protocol 010 received zidovudine Q4H po at either 50mg (N=5) or 100 mg (N=5) per dose with (N=7 and 5,
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:139 (abstract no. Th.B.23)
Skowron G, Merigan TC; Roger Williams General Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and toxicity of alternating and intermittent regimens of ZDV 200 mg q4h and low dose (0.01 mg/kg q4h) or high dose (0.03 mg/kg q4h) ddC compared with continuous ZDV alone in ARC and AIDS. METHODS: Patients were stratified according to CD4 cell numbers greater than or less than or eq
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:139 (abstract no. Th.B.22)
Davey V, Cefali F, Metcalf JA, Masur H, Fauci AS, Lane HC; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVES: To compare tolerance and toxicity of administration of zidovudine (Z), alpha interferon (IFN), and the combination of both (Z + IFN) and to determine relative efficacy in delaying progression of HIV disease. METHODS: HIV-infected patients with greater than or equal to 500 CD4 cell/mm3, were randomized to or
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:170 (abstract no. Th.B.211)
Chen W, Brown S, Gazzard B, Howard L; Westminster Hospital, London, UK
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Megace on body weight in HIV patients with or without gastrointestinal disturbance. METHOD: Twenty-five patients, who had lost more than 5% body weight, given Megace (40-169mg) were weighted and reviewed 3 months prior to treatment and monthly thereafter. RESULT: 3 patterns of weigh
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:170 (abstract no. Th.B.210)
Viteri FE, Kahn J, Mudie H, Conroy A, Abrams D, Hellerstein M; University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the changes in nutritional, immunological and clinical status induced by an 8 week course of 800 mg/day Megestrol Acetate (MA) in ARC patients with weight loss greater than 5% whether or not patients are on AZT . METHODS: Community-based, double-blind, placebo/MA cross-over design with a baselin
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:139 (abstract no. Th.B.21)
Salmon D, Detruchis P, Matheron S, Bouvet E, Levacher M, Leport C; Hopital Claude Bernard - Bichat, Paris, France
OBJECTIVES: To compare tolerance and efficacy of two regimens of ZDV: full dose (FD) 200 mg every 4 hours and half dose (HD) 200 mg every 8 hours in AIDS and ARC patients (pts). METHODS: From 4/88 to 6/89, 76 pts were randomly assigned to receive either FD, or HD of ZDV. Inclusion criteria were Karnovsky index greater
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:170 (abstract no. Th.B.209)
Grunfeld C, Pang MY, Doerrler W, Shigenaga JK, Kotler DP, Feingold KR; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
AIDS is characterized by increased serum triglycerides (TG), elevated circulating levels of cytokines and depletion of body cell mass (wasting). It is thought that cytokines mediate the metabolic disturbances of infection. We measured triglyceride and cytokine levels, triglyceride clearance and lean body mass in patien
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:170 (abstract no. Th.B.208)
Johnston S, Clotet B, Biosca C, Abad E, Alcalde C, Castro T, Pont M; Dietetic Dept. Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol - Badalona - Barcelona - Spain
OBJECTIVE: Since malnutrition is widespread in AIDS patients, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a high calorie/protein intake in HIV seropositive patients with 5-10% weight loss and poor appetite over a 3 month period. METHOD: We introduced 23 male patients fulfilling the AIDS criteria with a mean age of 31.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:169 (abstract no. Th.B.207)
Blatt S, Zajac R, Lucey D, Hendrix C, Abbadessa S, Melcher G, Boswell R; Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, USA
OBJECTIVE: AIDS is characterized by a chronic wasting process resulting in severe cachexia. Non-HIV related cachexia is associated with serum hypertriglyceridemia and variable decreases in serum cholesterol. Animal models suggest these lipid abnormalities are mediated by Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) alpha. To understand
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:169 (abstract no. Th.B.206)
Malcolm JA, Tynan PF, Sutherland DC, Dobson P, Kelson K, Carlton J; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and significance of trace metal and vitamin deficiencies in AIDS. METHODS: Twenty nine patients were studied, 6 with ARC and 23 with AIDS. Mean age was 36 years (SD=12.0, range 21 to 69 years). Vitamin and trace metal levels and a range of other biochemical variables were examined.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:169 (abstract no. Th.B.205)
Riera A, Remacha A, Cadafalch J, Gimferrer E; Serveis de Medicina Interna i Hematologia. Seccio Patologia Organica. Unitat Toxicomanies. Programa Sant Pau-CITRAN. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. UAB. Barcelona. Spain.
It has been reported that some HIV infected patients have low vitamin B-12 (B-12) levels. OBJECTIVE: To assess the changes in B-12 and folic acid status in HIV infected patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have studied 60 HIV infected patients, admitted in the Internal Medicine Department during a period of 4 months. 44
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:169 (abstract no. Th.B.204)
Melchior JD, Salmon D, Rigaud D, Leport C, Vilde JL, Apfelbaum M; Hopital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: Is body weight loss in stable HIV-infected patients caused by increased Resting Energy Expenditure (REE)? METHODS: REE was measured by indirect calorimetry in 29 malnourished HIV patients: 9 ARC, 20 AIDS (28 men, 1 woman). Patients with fever or uncontrolled opportunistic infections were excluded. Lean Body
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:168 (abstract no. Th.B.203)
Scevola D, Barbarini G, Zambelli A, Bottari G, Guanziroli A, Franchini A; Inst. Infect. Dis., University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
OBJECTIVE: The high frequency of gastrointestinal pathology depicts so called enteropathogenic AIDS in which malnutrition may influence the course of disease. This study defines microbiological, biochemical, immunological and anthropometric aspects of malnutrition that require nutritional therapy. METHODS: Actual and i
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:168 (abstract no. Th.B.202)
Chlebowski R, Grosvenor M, Kruger S, Tai V, Beall G; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Torrance, CA, USA
Nutritional status is a major determinant of HIV survival (Am J Gastro 84:1288, 1989). To investigate etiologic factors, relationships among dietary intake, nutritional status, and immunologic function were determined using food records obtained for 537 patient days at 89 intervals from 55 favorable performance status
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:168 (abstract no. Th.B.201)
Seaton T, Dworkin B, Wormser G; New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
A major manifestation of AIDS is the development of cachexia. This likely results from a multifactorial interplay of poor diet, malabsorption and altered metabolism. To assess the role of nutrient intake, we performed an analysis of a 72 hour diet record in clinically stable patients with AIDS (N=18), ARC (N=12) and as
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:168 (abstract no. Th.B.200)
Coulston A, McCorkindale C, Dybevik K, Merigan T; Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To improve our understanding of the malnutrition of AIDS patients, monthly nutritional assessment (NA) has been determined on HIV+ patients early in the disease. METHODS: Twenty-six HIV+ men from ACTU studies were recruited. Group I had 19 men (13 CDC Group II and 6 CDC Group IVA) and were followed for 16 mo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:138 (abstract no. Th.B.20)
Fischl M, Parker CB, Pettinelli C, Wulfsohn M, Rasheed S; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a lower daily dose of zidovudine (ZVD) in the treatment of advanced HIV disease. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 524 subjects with a first episode of P. carinii pneumonia. 262 subjects received ZVD at an oral dose of 250 mg every 4 hrs (standard
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:138 (abstract no. Th.B.19)
Wu AW, Rubin HR, Mathews WC, Brysk LM, Hardy WD, Bozzette SA, Atkinson JH, Grant I, Richman DR; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of zidovudine (ZDV) on functional status and well-being in persons with early ARC. METHODS: Seventy-one subjects were randomized to ZDV 200 mg (n = 35) or placebo (n = 36) as part of ACTG Protocol 016. We measured health status at baseline, 1 month, and every 3 months thereafter. Our in
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:138 (abstract no. Th.B.18)
Ruedy J, Montaner JS, Schechter MT, Le T, Fanning M, Tsoukas C, Falutz J, Wells G, Child S, O'Shaughnessy M, et al; Canada
OBJECTIVE: To describe the long term effects of zidovudine (ZDV) therapy in early HIV infection. METHODS: Design: Multicentre, prospective, dose range finding study. Subjects: 74 HIV positive homosexual men (CDC groups IIB, III and IVC2; CD4 counts greater than 270). Intervention: Following a 3 weeks observation, volun
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:138 (abstract no. Th.B.17)
Volberding P, Lagakos S, Koch M, Pettinelli C, Myers M, Booth D; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVES: Determine the safety and efficacy of zidovudine (ZDV) in asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects with CD4+ cell counts below 500/mm3. METHODS: Randomized trial of 1338 HIV-infected asymptomatic subjects with fewer than 500 CD4+ cells/mm3 comparing two dosages of ZDV (500 mg daily, 1500 mg daily in 5 doses) to pl
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:153 (abstract no. Th.A.80)
Capon DJ, Byrn RA, Mordenti J, Smith D, Lucas C, Marsters SA, Chamow SM, Wurm FM, Gregory T, Groopman JE; Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
Molecular fusions of CD4, the receptor for HIV, with immunoglobulin (termed CD4 immunoadhesins) possess both the gp120-binding and HIV-blocking properties of recombinant soluble CD4 (rCD4) and certain properties of IgG, notably long plasma half-life and Fc receptor binding. We show that a CD4 immunoadhesin can mediate
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:153 (abstract no. Th.A.79)
Wood L, Koenig S, Wood R, Fuerst T, Newell A, Brewah A, Fauci AS; NIH, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify sequences within HIV-envelope recognized by antibody from HIV seropositive donors and to demonstrate lysis of target cells bearing these sequences by CD16+ cells from HIV seropositive donors. METHODS: MHC-mismatched lymphoblastoid cells (LCL) pulsed with synthesized peptides from gp41 were added
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:153 (abstract no. Th.A.78)
Robinson WE Jr, Lake D, Gorny MK, Horton L, Montefiori DC, Zolla-Pazner S, Hersh E, Mitchell WM; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
OBJECTIVE: To identify and map human monoclonal antibodies to HIV-1 which enhance HIV-1 infection in vitro. METHODS: Human monoclonal antibodies (huMAb) were made by either fusion with a murine myeloma cell line P36x36 AgV1 or transformation of human PBMC with Epstein-Barr Virus. The ability of antibodies to enhance HI
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:153 (abstract no. Th.A.77)
Posner M, Mukherjee M, Hideshima T, Cannon TC, Mayer K; Brown University Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
OBJECTIVE: Production of human monoclonal antibodies (HuMoAbs) reactive with HIV1 antigens to study and treat the disease caused by the virus. METHODS: Patient PBM transformed by Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) in oligoclonal cultures. Indirect immunofluorescence (IF) was used to screen for IgG antibodies reactive with HIV-II
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:152 (abstract no. Th.A.76)
Ho DD, Li XL, Daar ES, Moudgil T, Sun NC, Holton D, Robinson JE; UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To use HMabs to characterize epitopes of HIV-1 gp120 that are immunogenic during natural infection and are functionally important. METHODS: N70-1.5e is one of three IgG1 gp120-specific HMabs produced by EBV transformed cell lines derived from an HIV-1-infected patient. Antibody specificity was determined by
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:152 (abstract no. Th.A.75)
Zolla-Pazner S, Gianakakos V, Williams C, Sharpe S, Gorny MK; Veterans Administration Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: To generate human monoclonal antibodies (HumAb) against a neutralizing epitope of HIV-1 (MN) gp120. METHODS: Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were transformed by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as per PNAS, 86, 1624, 1989. Cultures were screened for antibody to a synthetic 24-mer peptide from the V3 region of MN
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:152 (abstract no. Th.A.74)
Buchanan T, Coombs R, Hu SL, Smith G, McCullough D, Jasman R, Corey L; University of Washington, Seattle, WA., USA
Peptides were synthesized to represent HIV-1 gp160: the V3 region (AA approximately 306-320, 14 sequence variant peptides) reactive with neutralizing and syncytium-inhibiting antibodies, the CD4 binding region (AA approximately 414-453, 30 peptides), and the immunodominant region (AA approximately 595-609, 2 peptides).
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:152 (abstract no. Th.A.73)
Farzadegan H, Chmiel J, Saah A, Allain JP, Hardy W, Phair J; The Johns Hopkins University, Balitmore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the serum levels of antigen/antibody for HIV-1 P24 viral component among HIV-1 infected/diseased homosexual men. METHOD: Anti-P24 Titration: A competitive ELISA using recombinant HIV-1 P24 antigen (Abbott Labs) was used and titers were expressed as the reciprocal of endpoint dilutions. P24 Ant
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:151 (abstract no. Th.A.72)
DeMaria A, Pantaleo G, Schnittman SM, Fauci AS; NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: To study infection status and virus replication in T-cell survivor populations of HIV-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after T-cell activation. METHODS: PBMC obtained from healthy HIV seronegative donors by Ficoll-Hypaque separation were cultured in the presence of PHA for 72 hours and su
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:151 (abstract no. Th.A.71)
Hansen JE, Clausen H, Nielsen C, Teglbjaerg LS, Nielsen CM, Mathiesen L, Hakomori S, Nielsen JO; Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether oligosaccharides of HIV could be targets for neutralizing antibodies in vitro. METHODS: Twenty anti-carbohydrate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were tested for their ability to inhibit in vitro HIV infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and cell-lines MT4 (lymphocytic) and U937 (mo
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:151 (abstract no. Th.A.70)
Grangette C, Ameisen JC, Maniez M, Tourvieille B, Antolin S, Vampouille N, Capron A; CIBP, Unite INSERM 167-CNRS 624, Institut Pasteur, Lille, France
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether FcR-mediated antibody enhancement of HIV infection in the U937 monocytic cell line represents an additional mechanism of HIV infection that does not require CD4. METHODS: A CD4-negative IgG FcR-positive U937 cell line was derived from a CD4-positive IgG FcR-positive U937 cell line. Abs
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:151 (abstract no. Th.A.69)
Hoxie JA, Haggarty B, Pletcher C, Sweet R, Chaikin M, Kappes JC, Hahn BH; Univ. of Penn, Philadelphia, PA, USA
OBJECTIVE: Naturally occurring and molecularly-derived isolates of HIV-2 have been described which are markedly attenuated in their ability to cause cytopathic effects in vitro, to downmodulate CD4 and to establish superinfection interference with cytopathic strains of HIV-1 and HIV-2. In order to determine the basis f
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:150 (abstract no. Th.A.68)
Cheng-Mayer C, Shioda T, Seto D, Levy JA; University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA
OBJECTIVE: To map viral genes that control in vitro biologic properties of HIV-1. METHODS: HIV-1 isolates (HIV-1SF2, HIVV-1SF13) obtained over-time from the same individual as he progressed from a relatively healthy state to disease were molecularly cloned. Biologically active recombinant viruses were generated between
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:150 (abstract no. Th.A.67)
Zack J, Arrigo S, Chen IS; University of California, Los Angeles, USA
OBJECTIVE: HIV-1 can infect quiescent human T-lymphocytes and remain in an inactive state until subsequent mitogenic stimulation of the cell. Studies were undertaken to identify the molecular nature of HIV-1 in quiescent primary lymphocytes. METHODS: Quiescent and dividing human peripheral blood lymphocytes were infect
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:150 (abstract no. Th.A.66)
McKeating JA, Clapham PR, Moore J, Ferguson M, Balfe P, Almond J, Evans, Weiss RA; Institute of Cancer Research, London, England
OBJECTIVE: Analysis of epitopes important for virus envelope-CD4 binding and antibody-mediated neutralisation. METHODS: Molecular cloned HIV was propagated in the presence of saturating levels of rCD4 or neutralising monoclonal antibodies (mab) specific for the epitopes on gp120 amino-acid (aa) residues 305-321, 430-44
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:210 (abstract no. Th.A.360)
Dennin R, Beyer A; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Universitat; Lubeck, Federal Republic of Germany
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to look for highly conserved HIV 1-specific antigens expressed on the surface of HIV 1-infected cells with special emphasis to the question whether these antigens are really accessible from outside of the infected cells to cytopathogenic mechanisms like (ADCC). This is to be seen with
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:209 (abstract no. Th.A.359)
Markham RB, Barber JP, Donnenberg AD; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of donor and recipient booster immunization on transfer of specific human antibody responses to mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID mice) reconstituted with human peripheral blood cells (Hu-PBL/SCID). METHODS: Groups of 3 (6-8 wk old) SCID mice were transplanted i.p. with 1.2
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:209 (abstract no. Th.A.358)
Lambert JS, Insel R, Weissbach N, Keefer MC, Reid J, Anderson P; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
OBJECTIVE: Pyogenic infections are increasingly recognized to be a major problem in patients at all stages of HIV disease. Patients with AIDS have been shown to have an impaired antibody (Ab) response to Pn capsular polysaccharide (CP) vaccines. The conjugation of CP to carrier proteins is recognized as a method of enh
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:209 (abstract no. Th.A.357)
Manca F, Habeshaw J, Dalgleish AG; Department of Immunology, S. Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
HIV gp120 inhibits antigen dependent T cell activation by binding to CD4, an accessory structure used by T cells to facilitate interaction with MHC on antigen presenting cells (APC). Heat denaturation abolishes immunosuppressive activity (ie. CD4 binding) but spares antigenicity of gp120. This was demonstrated by using
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:209 (abstract no. Th.A.356)
Wagner R, Fliessbach H, von Brunn A, Deby G, Modrow S, Gelderblom H, Wolf H; Max von Pettenkofer-Institut, Munchen, FRG
OBJECTIVE: Conventional HIV-1 vaccine strategies, based on the external part of the env protein, were till now not found to induce protective immunity. In addition, enhancing antibodies may negatively influence disease progression. Due to the early appearance in infection, the virus core protein seems to be a promising
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:208 (abstract no. Th.A.355)
Sutor C, Dreikhausen U, Schedel I; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School of Hannover F.R. of Germany
OBJECTIVE: Monoclonal antibodies generated against the T4a epitope were shown to block gp120-CD4 interaction and inhibit syncytia formation in HIV infected lymphocyte cultures. These T4a-specific antibodies may serve as a vaccine to raise -via an anti-idiotypic response- antibodies cross-reacting with the gp120 binding
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:208 (abstract no. Th.A.354)
Maeda Y, Matsushita S, Murakami T, Koito A, Hattori T, Takatsuki K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan 860
OBJECTIVE: Anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2) which recognize unique V region of antigen binding antibody (Ab1) and mimic internal image of antigen could be used for vaccines of some kinds of infectious agents or tumors. In order to apply this strategy for HIV, syngeneic monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies directed again
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:208 (abstract no. Th.A.353)
Buck DW, Schroeder K, Suni M, Kelkenberg J, Estess P, Healey D, Sweet R, Truneh A; Becton Dickinson Monoclonal Center, Mountain View, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: The production of monoclonal anti-CD4 antibodies which bind to or overlap with the HIV gp120 binding site on CD4. To assess the potential of these Ab-1 antibodies to produce an internal image anti-idiotype (Ab-2) response in small animals, which by structurally mimicking the CD4 receptor, will bind to and ne
OBJECTIVE: We previously reported the identification of CD4 fragment peptide (70-132) that inhibits HIV-1 replication and syncytium formation (1). To prepare anti-idiotypic antibodies by using this CD4 fragment peptide. METHODS: CD4 fragment peptide (70-132) was synthesized chemically on solid phase, and used as an ant
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:207 (abstract no. Th.A.351)
Fung M, Sun C, Liou R, Gordon W, Chang N, Chang TW, Sun NC; Tanox Biosystems, Inc., Houston, Texas, USA
OBJECTIVE: Based on the concept of idiotype (Id) network, an HIV-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (BAT123) recognizing the neutralization site of HTLV-IIIB gp120 (amino acid residue No. 308-322) was used to generate syngeneic Ab-2 bearing the internal image of this neutralization site. These paratope-specific Ab-2 (Ab-
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:207 (abstract no. Th.A.350)
Morrow WJ, Williams WM, Whalley A, Ryskamp T, Newman R, Kang CY, Chamat S, Kohler H, Kieber-Emmons T; IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corp., La Jolla, California, USA
In our efforts to identify reagents that might be used for active immunotherapy in HIV infection, we have studied synthetic peptides derived from the CD4 attachment site of gp120. Two peptides have emerged with particularly interesting properties. The first (B138) spans the envelope residues 421-438 and is a linear for
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:207 (abstract no. Th.A.349)
Sia DY, Chong P, Rovinski B, Haynes J, Klein M; Connaught Centre for Biotechnology Research, 1755 Steeles Avenue West, Willowdale, Ontario M2R 3T4, Canada
The identification of relevant T and B-cell epitopes on HIV gene products is important for the rational design of an AIDS synthetic vaccine. A highly conserved T-cell epitope of HIV-1 p24, p24E encompassing amino acid residues 292-306 was selected to construct two chimeric peptides, namely CLTB-1 and CLTB-2 which indiv
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:207 (abstract no. Th.A.348)
Wilhelm J, Kalyan N, Chanda P, Murthy S, Vernon S, Molnar-Kimber K, Mizutani S, Davis A, Lee S, Hung P; Wyeth-Ayerst Research, P.O. Box 8299, Philadelphia, PA 19101 USA
OBJECTIVE: To explore HIV gag expression by recombinant adenoviruses as part of a broader program in the development of oral HIV vaccines based on adenovirus vectors. METHODS: Non-defective type 4 and 7 adenoviruses (with E3 deletions) were constructed to carry the HIV rev gene in the E3 region and, in the right-hand t
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:206 (abstract no. Th.A.347)
Panicali D, Mazzara G, Stallard V, Cormier N, Desrosiers N, King N; Applied bioTechnology, Cambridge, MA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the production of retroviral-like particles by recombinant vaccinia viruses that express the env, gag and pol genes of HIV-1 or of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). METHODS AND RESULTS: Recombinant vaccinia viruses containing the env, gag, and pol genes of HIV-1 or of SIVmac251, in monovalent a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:206 (abstract no. Th.A.346)
Haffar O, Garrigues J, Travis B, Moran P, Smithgall M, Zarling J, Hu S; Oncogen Corporation, Seattle, WA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To study the in vitro assembly of defective HIV-1 particles, and their potential use as immunomodulators in the treatment of AIDS. METHODS: BSC-40 cells were infected with two vaccinia recombinant viruses carrying either the HIV-1 gag or env genes. The gag gene used in these experiments included the virus pr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:206 (abstract no. Th.A.345)
Vogt G, Dormont D, Kieny MP, Kaczorek M, Sonigo P, Girard M; SSA/DPS/SPE/CEA, Fontenay aux Roses, France
OBJECTIVE: To study the immunization of Rhesus monkeys, with a mixture of vaccine-HIV2 recombinants, and to determine the usefulness of vaccine env recombinant addition in this potential vaccine preparation against HIV2. METHODS: As a vaccine, we used different recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing HIV2 genes: gag, p
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:206 (abstract no. Th.A.344)
Cheng SM, Ronchetti-Blume M, Hum W, Politis-Virk K, Dheer S, Hirsch V, Johnson P, Mizutani S, Davis A, Lee S, et al; Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Radnor, PA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To express SIV envelope protein from a recombinant adenovirus capable of infecting both human and monkey cells. METHODS: Two recombinant adenoviruses were constructed: (1) pEX017/ad5hr contains a single subgenomic segment of SIV that includes both exons of rev and the entire env gene; (2) pENV9/ad5hr was der
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:205 (abstract no. Th.A.343)
Hu SL, Klanieki J, Schmitt R, Wain RM, Dykers T, Morein B, Lewis JB; Oncogen, Seattle, WA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine if immunization with gp160 could further increase the immune responses elicited by vaccinia-HIV recombinant virus and to study the effect of various adjuvants on the immunogenicity of gp160. METHODS: HIV-1 gp160 was expressed either in insect cells by a baculovirus vector, or in mammalian cells
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:205 (abstract no. Th.A.342)
Gardner MB, McGraw T, Luciw P, Carlson J; Department of Medical Pathology, California Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine if rhesus monkeys can be protected against challenge with live SIV by an inactivated whole SIV vaccine. METHODS: Monkeys were immunized with an inactivated whole SIVmac vaccine using two different adjuvants, muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and incomplete Freund s adjuvant (IFA) or no adjuvant. They were
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:205 (abstract no. Th.A.341)
Schultz AM; Division of AIDS, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
Animal models are essential to AIDS vaccine development. Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) originating from the sooty mangabey infects and causes disease in rhesus macaques. This surrogate model for human AIDS is now well-established and has already produced important vaccine studies. The same SIV growing in cynomolg
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:205 (abstract no. Th.A.340)
Mannhalter J, Eibl MM, Dorner F, Moss B, Gallo RC, Eder G; Immuno AG, Vienna, Austria
OBJECTIVE: To test the potency of an HIV candidate vaccine in the chimpanzee model. METHODS: Chimpanzees received 6 intramuscular doses of recombinant gp160 (rgp160, 50mug per immunization) on days 0,27,55,97,120 and 147. On day 315 two rgp160-immunized chimpanzees and one unimmunized control animal were challenged by
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:204 (abstract no. Th.A.339)
Belo M, Yagello M, Laurent JP, Girard M, Gluckman JC; Cervi, Pitie-Salpetriere Medical School, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: Antibodies (Ab) that mediate ADCC were investigated in an animal vaccination model because, beside virus neutralization, ADCC may be important to consider for protection against HIV infection. METHODS: Adult chimpanzees received greater than or equal to 3 injections of different combinations of HIV-1 BRU ant
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:204 (abstract no. Th.A.338)
Eichberg JW; Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of various HIV vaccines to prevent infection in chimpanzees. METHODS: The following HIV vaccine candidates were employed to actively or passively vaccinate a total of 43 chimpanzees. 1. synthetic peptide (735-752), 2. vaccinia-env, 3. rpg120 (CHO), 4. HIVIG, 5. recombinant peptide (3
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:204 (abstract no. Th.A.337)
Levine A, Henderson BE, Groshen S, Burnett K, Jensen F, Peters R, Carlo D, Gersten M, Salk J; Univ Southern CA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
OBJECTIVES: To determine the feasibility of therapeutic immunization with an inactivated envelope-depleted HIV immunogen, administered to HIV-seropositive subjects, to delay or prevent progression to AIDS, and to determine the methods whereby a clinically significant immune response may be measured. METHODS: 100 ug dos
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:204 (abstract no. Th.A.336)
Achour A, Lamhamedi S, Faure P, Willer A, Berzofsky JA, Gallo RC, Zagury D; Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, France
OBJECTIVE: In a previous report we demonstrated that peptide 18 can be used to detect T effector cell activity and that effector cells are restricted HLA.A2 and HLA.A3. We investigated whether the HLA.A11 is a CTL restricting element for peptide 18 in immunized humans. METHODS: Volunteers primed by rV expressing gp160
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:203 (abstract no. Th.A.335)
Picard O, Imbert JC, Salaun JJ, Lurhama Z, Moss B, Gallo RC, Zagury D; Hopital Saint Antoine (Paris), France
A clinical trial (Phase 1) against AIDS consisting of active anti HIV specific immunization was begun in March 1989 on 19 ARC/AIDS patients in the Hopital Saint Antoine. In this trial, immunizations administered 4 or 5 times a year were aimed at enhancing HIV immunogenic signals at the surface of antigen presenting cel
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:203 (abstract no. Th.A.334)
Boyer V, Picard O, Mortier M, Zagury D, Desgranges C; INSERM U 271, Lyon, France
OBJECTIVE: To determine the neutralizing or the antibody-dependent enhancing capacity of sera from HIV negative immunized volunteers. METHODS: Sera from 30 immunized volunteers (D. Zagury protocol) were obtained one month after each boost for about one year. These sera were tested in the MT4 neutralizing assay against
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:203 (abstract no. Th.A.333)
Cooney EL, Corey L, Hu SL, Collier A, Arditti D, Hoffman M, Smith G, Steimer K, Greenberg P; University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine if the T cell and antibody responses to the envelope of HIV can be augmented in individuals previously immunized with a recombinant vaccinia (vac/env) virus [HIVAC-le, Oncogen] by boosting with recombinant gp160 derived from a baculovirus vector and formulated in alum [MicroGeneSys]. METHODS: 11
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:203 (abstract no. Th.A.332)
Clerici M, Tacket CO, Via CS, Berzofsky JA, Shearer GM; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether immunization of uninfected volunteers with a recombinant gp160 (rgp160) candidate vaccine would result in the production of HIV-specific serum antibodies, and whether peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from these donors would generate T cell immune responses
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:202 (abstract no. Th.A.331)
Ensoli B, Barillari G, Salahuddin SZ, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
HIV-1 Tat protein is released into the culture supernatant during acute infection of H9 cells or by COS-1 cells transfected with a Tat-expressing plasmid. The Tat-containing supernatants specifically stimulate growth of cells derived from Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) lesions of AIDS patients and this proliferative effect is i
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:202 (abstract no. Th.A.330)
Koff WC, Schultz AM, Mathieson BJ, Detrick B, Glass MJ, Wescott SL, Lawrence DN; Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
In efforts to expedite the development of a safe and effective AIDS vaccine, two comprehensive programs have been established by the Division of AIDS, NIAID. These programs, known as the AIDS Vaccine Research and Development Group and AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network, consist of international networks of scientists
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:202 (abstract no. Th.A.329)
Herndier B, Shiramizu B, Sanchez H, Kaplan L, Meeker T, McGrath M; SFGH, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: The pathogenesis of AIDS-associated lymphomas is unclear. We sampled multiple sites of 3 autopsies with the express purpose of developing a molecular scheme to characterize B-cell lymphoproliferations and tumors in AIDS patients. METHODS: DNA was isolated from phenotypically characterized autopsy tissue site
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:202 (abstract no. Th.A.328)
Ng VL, Fein C, Khayam-Bashi F, Nelson P, Fry K, McGrath MS; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the antigenic specificity and nucleic acid sequence of the variable regions of the IgM secreted by 2F7, an AIDS lymphoma cell line. METHODS: Solid phase immunoprecipitation (SPIT), SDS-PAGE, Southern blot, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the immunoglobulin mRNA present in 2F7 ce
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:201 (abstract no. Th.A.327)
Williams O, Mugerwa J, Wamukota W, Owor R; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVES: Different seroprevalent rates for HIV1 in Kaposi Sarcoma have been reported from different parts of the world including Africa. It was decided to find out if nucleic acid sequences for HIV or HTLV, structural and non structural genes, can be detected in Kaposi Sarcoma and lymphoproliferative malignant tissu
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection enhances the expression of human papilloma virus ( HPV ) and whether anal epithelial abnormality is related to biologic interaction between HIV and HPV. METHODS: Anal swabs obtained from 105 homosexual men were tested for HPV specific sequences
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:201 (abstract no. Th.A.325)
Palefsky JM, Gonzales J, Ahn DK, Hollander H; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Squamous cell cancer of the anus is increasing in incidence among homosexual males and, similar to other human papillomavirus ( HPV )-associated cancers such as cervical cancer, the risk may be increased in association with immunodeficiency. The goals of this study were 1) to determine the prevalence of, and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:201 (abstract no. Th.A.324)
Ossondo Nolm M, Etoundi-Mballa GA, Ndumbe P, Zekeng L, Ngu VA; University Center for Health Sciences in Yaounde (Cameroon)
Kaposi s sarcoma is the frequently encountered malignant disease in AIDS, but the reason for this association is not clear. We have studied the association of HIV infection with Kaposi s sarcoma in Cameroon where the latter is relatively common. We tested 30 patients with Kaposi s sarcoma who were diagnosed during a si
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:200 (abstract no. Th.A.323)
Way D, Witte M, Bernas M, Fiala M, Witte C, Nagle R, Stuntz M, Ramirez G, Milligan M; Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ
OBJECTIVE: Isolate, propagate, and characterize the specific Kaposi s sarcoma cell. METHODS: Based upon our previously successful techniques for in vitro isolation of endothelium from benign lymphatic and blood vascular tumors, (i.e., lymphangiomas and hemangiomas), we prepared enzyme isolate cultures of excised KS ski
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:200 (abstract no. Th.A.322)
Sakurada S, Nakamura S, Salahuddin SZ, Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanism of edema associated with AIDS-Kaposi s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) lesions. METHODS: Long-term cultured AIDS-KS cells and their concentrated culture supernatants were transplanted/injected intraperitoneally and subcutaneously into athymic nude mice following injection of Evans blue at variou
OBJECTIVE: In vitro cultivation of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS)-derived cell cultures for studying their grade of malignancy, their growth factor synthesis and growth factor requirements. METHODS: Primary cell culture; malignancy tests; growth assays; conditioned media; thymidine incorporation; northern blotting; receptor bin
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:200 (abstract no. Th.A.320)
Kolesnitchenko V, Laaroubi K, Messinger D, Bernard J, Zagury JF, Agius G, Snart RS, Gallo R, Zagury D; Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
OBJECT: To investigate the characteristics of the retroviral infection in the blood of wild cercopithecus monkeys found in central African forests. Wild cercopithecus monkeys trapped in the wild have been anaesthetised, blood samples taken and then immediately released. The blood has been serologically examined using E
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:199 (abstract no. Th.A.319)
Garry RF, Talal N, Hart DJ, Fermin CD, Alexander SS, Dang H; Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
OBJECTIVE: The sera of 30% of Sjogren s Syndrome (SS; autoimmune exocrinopathy) patients (14/47) contain significant levels of antibodies reactive with the major gag protein of HIV (CA, p25). Experiments were designed to identify the antigenic stimulus. METHODS: SS is characterized by infiltration of lymphoid cells int
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:199 (abstract no. Th.A.318)
Munema J, Williams O, Purcell RH, Wong D; Muhimbili Medical Center, Dar-Es-Salam, Tanzania
OBJECTIVES: To find out primarily the seroprevalence rates of HTLVI and markers of Hepatitis B and C in African patients with tuberculosis and AIDS and secondarily to find out if these are significant cofactors for the progression of HIV infection to the disease, AIDS. METHODS: A cohort of 20 Tanzanian patients with Tu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:199 (abstract no. Th.A.317)
Georgopoulou U, Okayama A, Mueller N, Hatzakis A; National Retrovirus Reference Center, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity of different commercially available tests for the detection of antibodies to HTLV-I (anti-HTLV-I). METHODS: Forty serum samples from HTLV-I seropositive carriers from Japan were tested. The samples were previously confirmed by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) and were examined for a
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:199 (abstract no. Th.A.316)
Eble B, Busch M, Guiltinan A, Khayam-Bashi H, Vyas G, Murphy E; Dept. Lab. Med., Univ. Calif., San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: Identify HTLV virus-type in HTLV antibody-positive individuals and correlate the occurrence of each virus with suspected risk factors. METHODS: We performed HTLV-type specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification for pol gene sequences on 16 randomly selected HTLV seropositive blood donors in Northe
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:198 (abstract no. Th.A.315)
Hosein B, Present B, Fang C, Wang CY; United Biomedical, Inc., Lake Success, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop a convenient and reliable method to distinguish HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection. METHODS: Multiple overlapping peptides from gp46, the external portion of HTLV-I and HTLV-II envelope proteins, were synthesized and characterized. Peptides representing highly antigenic epitopes from each virus were ide
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:198 (abstract no. Th.A.314)
Shriver K, Oluoch E, Olmsted L, Masinovsky R, Fitzsimmons L, Schwebke J, Holmes K; Genetic Systems Corporation, Seattle, Washington, USA
OBJECTIVE: To use PCR analysis for confirmation and serotyping of intravenous drug user (IVDU) samples with serologic evidence of infection with HTLV-I/II. METHODS: Samples were screened initially by HTLV-I EIA (Genetic Systems). Reactive samples were analyzed by HTLV-I Western Blot and radioimmunoprecipitation. DNA pr
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:198 (abstract no. Th.A.313)
Semmes OJ, Jeang KT; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: We have undertaken a mutational analysis of the HTLV-I Tax protein. Our goal is to examine the role of phosphorylation and zinc-binding of Tax on transactivation of the HTLV-I LTR. METHODS: Oligonucleotide-directed site mutagenesis was employed to analyze the amino acids of interest. Each of the 25 serine re
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:198 (abstract no. Th.A.312)
Kline R, Brothers T, Halsey N, Ruff A, Lairmore M, Quinn T; NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of 6 HTLV-1/2 compared to Western blot (WB) and RIPA using sera from Haitian patients. METHODS: Sera from 1100 pregnant Haitian women were evaluated for HTLV-1/2 seropositivity using 6 different EIA Kits. The kits used were from Abbott, Cambridge Biosc
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:197 (abstract no. Th.A.311)
Muchinik G, Bouzas MB, DeRosa MF, Cahn P, Gallo D, Hanson C; Instituto de Investigaciones Hematologicas, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of HTLV-I antibody screening tests in the laboratory of a developing country. METHODS: A panel of 136 sera, 67 of which were HIV-1 antibody positive, was screened for HTLV-I by ELISA ( Abbott Laboratories and Cambridge BioScience), by a particle agglutination test (Fujirebio Inc.)
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:197 (abstract no. Th.A.310)
Mitra R, Gildea J, Saxena E, Fowler A, Roberts C, Burke DS; SRA Technologies Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: Development of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (1) to distinguish between HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection in patient cells. METHODS: PCR was performed in crude cell lysate using group specific primer pairs from selected regions of the HTLV genome. Reaction products were analyzed by solution hybridization with t
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:197 (abstract no. Th.A.309)
Abadom V, Rosebrock J, Hung CL, Okamoto D, Malamud M, Sheldon J; Pharmacia Diagnostics Inc. Columbia, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies (5th Consortium for Retrovirus Serology Standardization) have shown indirect immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA) can be used to confirm the presence of HTLV-I antibodies. This study was designed to show that IFA could be used to confirm the presence of HTLV-II antibodies. METHOD: 20 well categor
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:197 (abstract no. Th.A.308)
Tateno M, Sato H, Sakurai H, Ikeda H, Wakisaka A, Yoshiki T; Dept. of Pathology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
OBJECTIVE: HTLV-I positive human cell lines are known to be easily infected by HIV-1. To develop animal models of AIDS or HIV-1 infection, we tried to establish HTLV-I producing rat cell lines. METHODS: WKA, LEW, F344 and ACI rats were used. The spleen cells from these rats were co-cultured with mitomycin-C (MMC) treat
OBJECTIVE: To develop an antigen capture ELISA for the detection of HTLV-I, II p24 antigen. METHODS: A murine monoclonal antibody was developed which demonstrates specificity for the core (p53, p24) protein of HTLV-I, II. The antibody was coated onto 96 well microelisa plates to form the capture phase of the assay. Ant
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:196 (abstract no. Th.A.306)
Agbalika F, Honderlick P, Ferchal F, Perol Y; Department of Bacteriology-Virology, St-Louis Hospital, Paris VII University, France
OBJECTIVE: To confirm HTLV-1 infection after whole blood transfusion in two patients who seroconverted in ELISA but presented indeterminate western-blot. METHODS: Serial samples of 2 patients seronegative for HTLV-1 (ELISA and western-blot) receiving multiple whole blood transfusions were studied by ELISA (Abbott and D
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:196 (abstract no. Th.A.305)
Roberts C, Fipps D, Burke D; Walter Reed Retroviral Research Group, USA
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV-I/II) infected patient population for the DOD. METHODS: Repeatedly reactive sera were subsequently tested by Western blot (WB) and or Radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA). The presence of antibody to p24 and gp46 (or gp61/68) was considered diagnostic for infec
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:196 (abstract no. Th.A.304)
Yajko DM, Gonzalez P, Lipka J, Chun P, Foung SK, Chu A, Ng VL, Hadley WK; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop a rapid, sensitive, and specific serological test to detect the presence of HTLV-I/II antibodies. METHODS: Filter units, impregnated with HTLV-I virus lysate, which permit rapid serum flow-through while capturing antigen-specific antibodies; detection of immune complexes with Protein-A colloidal g
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:195 (abstract no. Th.A.303)
Murphy EL, Varney K, Hurt M, Bobey L, Eble B, Alexander S, Khayam-Bashi H, Vyas G; Univ. Cal., San Francisco, CA, USA
We measured antibodies to HTLV-I/II among clinic and emergency room patients at a public hospital in San Francisco. Unlinked serum and plasma were tested by HTLV-I ELISA (Dupont) and recombinant p21 Western blot HTLV-I and HTLV-II were presumptively differentiated on the basis of the relative intensities of the p19 and
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:195 (abstract no. Th.A.302)
Lee HH, Sherwood WC, Smith DE, Tegtmeier GE, Fernando LP, Fang CT, Kleinman SH; Abbott Laboratories, N. Chicago, IL, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the respective prevalence of HIV-1, HTLV-I and HTLV-II in U.S. blood donors and assess risk factors. METHOD: Screening of 484,000 blood donors for HTLV-I/II and HIV antibodies was performed at 5 transfusion centers. HTLV-I seropositivity was confirmed by a combination of western blot and RIPA. D
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:195 (abstract no. Th.A.301)
Saksena N, Muller M, Deslandres A, Durand JP, Lang MC, Digoutte JP, Barre-Sinoussi F; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To define molecularly these unknown isolates from Erythrocebus patas. METHODS: Cell culture, Southern blot analysis, polymerase chain reaction, restriction enzyme analysis, cloning and sequencing. RESULTS: Besides macaques, mandrills, African green monkeys and sooty mangabeys, patas is another group of monke
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:195 (abstract no. Th.A.300)
Kanda P, Dunham RG, Shuler KR, Allan JS; Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA
OBJECTIVE: We raised antisera in rabbits against seven synthetic peptides analogous to regions within SIVmac(K1) gp120 and gp32 envelope glycoproteins to determine if these antisera would neutralize viral infectivity and also if they would crossreact with envelope glycoproteins from HIV-2ST, HIV-1, SIVAGM(tyo-1), and o
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:194 (abstract no. Th.A.299)
Polzien F, Luke W, Traunecker A, Karjalainen K, Hunsmann G; German Primate Center, Gottingen, FRG
OBJECTIVE: The interaction of purified external glycoprotein (gp130) of a Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolated from an African green monkey (agm) with CD-4 on human MOLT-4 clone 8 cells and soluble CD4 (sCD4) was investigated. METHODS: gp130 was purified to homogeneity and iodinated to a specific activity of 10
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:194 (abstract no. Th.A.298)
Kent K, Gritz L, Cranage M, Silvera P, Corcoran T, Stott J; National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, UK
OBJECTIVE: To characterise the biological properties of mAbs to SIV envelope and to define antigenic differences between SIV and HIV strains. METHODS: Mice were primed with recombinant vaccinia virus vAbT 253 expressing the envelope gene of SIVmac251, and boosted with SIV-infected C8166 cells. Hybridomas were screened
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:194 (abstract no. Th.A.297)
Krowka J, Sarin S, Namikawa R, McCune JM, Kaneshima H; SyStemix, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA
The heterochimeric SCID-hu mouse is constructed by the transplantation of human fetal lymphoid tissue into the congenitally immunodeficient C.B17 scid/scid mouse. Previous studies have demonstrated that SCID-hu mice can be infected by HIV and that antiviral compounds can inhibit HIV in these mice. The objective of this
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:194 (abstract no. Th.A.296)
Namikawa R, Fedor J, Kaneshima H, McCune JM; SyStemix, Inc., Palo Alto, CA. USA
Little is known about the cell types initially infected within lymphoid organs. The heterochimeric SCID-hu mouse is constructed by transplantation of human fetal hematolymphoid tissues, including thymus, liver, and lymph node, into the immunodeficient C.B17 scid/scid mouse. These organs are infected after intra-thymic,
Given indirect evidence that HIV may infect early hematopoietic precursors in man, we have sought to develop an animal model by which to examine infection of such cells experimentally. The heterochimeric SCID-hu mouse is constructed by transplantation of human fetal hematolymphoid tissue into the immunodeficient C.B17
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:193 (abstract no. Th.A.294)
Svedersky L, Roey S, Scillian J, Parslow T, Stites D; Department of Laboratory Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of xenochimeric SCID mice as an in vivo model for human T and B cell immune responses to HIV antigens. METHODS: Male and female SCID mice, 6 to 12 weeks old, were used. One to 3 x 10(7) human peripheral blood lymphocytes, obtained from Ficoll-Hypaque density gradients of HIV seronegati
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:193 (abstract no. Th.A.293)
Hesselton R, Koup RA, Sullivan JL; University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics and Program in Molecular Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the SCID mouse reconstituted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (Mosier, et al.) as an animal model of HIV-1 infection. METHODS: SCID mice were reconstituted by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 10-50x10(6) PBMC from human donors seronegative for Epstein-Barr virus. Presence
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:193 (abstract no. Th.A.292)
Ellison V, Abrams H, Roe T, Lifson J, Brown PO; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop an in vitro system in which the HIV integration reaction is faithfully reproduced, then to use this system to study the molecular mechanism of the reaction. METHODS: Extracts from acutely-HIV-infected cells were incubated in a defined solution with plasmid or bacteriophage target DNA molecules. Re
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:192 (abstract no. Th.A.291)
Dinchuk J, Cheng-Mayer C, Luciw P, Yoo-Warren H, Wirak D, Levy J; Molecular Therapeutics, Inc., West Haven, CT, USA
In an attempt to understand the functions of HIV gene products in vivo, we have generated transgenic mice which carry various copy numbers of HIV tat and nef genes under the control of the HIV LTR using standard microinjection techniques. We have generated 8 transgenic founders carrying the tat gene construct. Founders
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:192 (abstract no. Th.A.290)
Dickie P, Bryant J, Notkins AL, Silver J, Felser JM; National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: Development of a transgenic mouse model of HIV disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: Transgenic progeny from three founder mice bearing chromosomally integrated copies of HIV-1 proviral DNA (derived from pNL4-3 and rendered noninfectious by deletion of gag/pol sequences) developed renal disease characterized by foca
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:192 (abstract no. Th.A.289)
Sei Y, Makino M, Vitkovic L, Kinjo J, Hartley JW, Torrence PF, Morse HC 3d, Arora PK; Laboratory of Neuroscience, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
OBJECTIVE: A murine AIDS, characterized by profound immunosuppression associated with increased susceptibility to infection, develops in C57BL/6 mice inoculated with LP-BM5 murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs) [a mixture containing a defective genome, the critical component for disease induction, and helper ecotropic and mi
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:192 (abstract no. Th.A.288)
Gordon MR, Dickerson D, Kindt TJ; Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Bethesda, Md. 20892, USA
OBJECTIVE: HIV-1 infection of rabbit cells has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Although HIV-1 could be detected in rabbits for as long as 1 year post-infection, no pathogenic effects attributable to viral infection were observed. The current study was designed to determine whether HIV-1 infection influenced rab
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:191 (abstract no. Th.A.287)
Heyes MP, Gravell M, London WT, Johnson P, Quearry BJ, Markey SP; Building 10, Section on Analytical Biochemistry, Rm 3D40, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
AIDS patients may develop dementia , motor and psychiatric disturbances and at post mortem exhibit brain atrophy, white matter pallor and infiltrates of multinucleated giant cells. We have found increased concentrations of the endogenous neurotoxin, convulsant and kynurenine pathway metabolite, quinolinic acid (QUIN),
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:191 (abstract no. Th.A.286)
Dandekar S, Martfeld DJ, Torten M, Rideout B, Luciw PA, Pedersen N; University of California, Davis, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: FIV is a T-lymphotropic lentivirus associated with AIDS-like disease in cats. The main objective of this study was to determine tissue distribution of FIV as well as histopathology in diseased animals. These findings were compared with our data from SIV-infected macaques and related to in vivo pathogenesis.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:191 (abstract no. Th.A.285)
Gasper PW, Fulton R, Thrall MA, Oulton SA, Rose BJ, Overbaugh J; Pathology Dept., Colorado State University, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether allogeneic marrow transplantation (BMT) combined with marrow from immunized donors or zidovudine ( AZT ) therapy could eliminate retrovirus from cats experimentally-infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV). METHODS: Nine FeLV-infected specific-pathogen-free cats were transplanted---3 c
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:191 (abstract no. Th.A.284)
Fukasawa M, Hasegawa A, Maki N, Miyazawa T, Kawamura M, Takahashi E, Mikami T, Hayami M; University of Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
OBJECTIVE: Since there is only one FIV isolate in U.S. (Petaluma) which was totally sequenced, the second FIV isolate which was sequenced is necessary to know the general relationship of FIV to other lentiviruses and the pathogenicity of FIV. METHODS: Two strains of FIV, TM-1 and TM-2 were isolated and molecularly clon
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:190 (abstract no. Th.A.283)
Ishida T, Taniguchi A, Washizu T, Tomoda I; Nippon Veterinary and Zootechnical College, Tokyo, Japan
OBJECTIVE: To study immunologic changes toward development of AIDS in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). METHODS: Peripheral blood lymphocytes of FIV infected cats were assayed for Con A blastformation and IL-2 production. In vivo antibody production of infected cats to SRBC were evaluated. RESULTS
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:190 (abstract no. Th.A.282)
Wheeler DW, Whalen LR, Gasper PW, Overbaugh J; Depts of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the applicability of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) infected cats as an animal model of HIV-induced AIDS Dementia Complex. METHODS: Cats used in this study were naturally infected with the recently discovered lentivirus, FIV, and tested positive for FIV infection and negative for the feline
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:190 (abstract no. Th.A.281)
Castro BA, Lerche NW, Nepomuceno M, Barboza A, Legg H, Levy JA; University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To develop an animal model of persistent HIV-2 infection using preselected susceptible animals and virus strains with high replicating ability. METHODS: Eight rhesus macaques were inoculated with 3 different HIV-2 strains (UC2, UC3, and UC7) isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:190 (abstract no. Th.A.280)
Lackner A, Dandekar S, Smith MO, Marx PA; California Primate Research Center and Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
OBJECTIVE: To detect and localize SIV in the central nervous system of rhesus macaques with SIV encephalitis . METHODS: Six rhesus monkeys with histologic evidence of SIV encephalitis were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to localize SIV core protein (p27) and RNA and to phenotype the cellular
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:189 (abstract no. Th.A.279)
Feichtinger H, Putkonen P, Parravicini C, Bottiger D, Biberfeld G, Biberfeld P; Immunopathology Lab., Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
OBJECTIVE: To study pathogenic effects of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). METHODS: Monkeys were injected i.v. with SIV(SM) (courtesy of H. McClure, P. Fultz, Yerkes, Atlanta, GA, USA) and monitored for clinical symptoms, antibody response to SIV, CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:189 (abstract no. Th.A.278)
Birx D, Lewis M, Vahey M, Zack P, Jahrling P, Burke D, Redfield R; Division of Retrovirology, WRAIR, Rockville, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: Determination of cytokine levels and IL-6 mRNA in 3 species of macaques (Rhesus n=8, Cynomolgus n=4, and Pigtailed n=4) following infection with the SIV/SMM-PBj clone; correlation with disease pathogenesis. METHODS: Cytokine levels in the 16 monkeys (4 Rhesus survivors) were determined by IL-6 (B9 bioassay c
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:189 (abstract no. Th.A.277)
Kurth R, Norley SG, Kraus G, Hartung S, Ennen J, Baier M, Cichutek K; Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen/Frankfurt, West Germany
OBJECTIVE: To determine the reasons for the lack of pathogenesis of SIVagm in order to better understand the mechanisms of pathogenicity of HIV. METHODS: Isolation, molecular cloning, genome sequencing and protein analysis. Evaluation of the anti-viral immune response, intracellular control of viral expression and vira
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:189 (abstract no. Th.A.276)
Peeters M, Fransen K, Delaporte E, Van den Haesevelde M, Saman E, van der Groen G, Piot P; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
OBJECTIVE: Actually, only 2 chimpanzees, naturally infected with a novel HIV-related virus have been described. Both animals originated from Gabon and from one a novel retrovirus SIVcpz was isolated. The aim of this study was to better define the prevalence of this virus in chimpanzees; to obtain new isolates and to fu
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:188 (abstract no. Th.A.275)
Shum A, McGraw T, Vowels B, Gardner M, Hofmann B, Fahey JL; UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: To determine the changes in serum markers of immune activation in lymphoid subsets during the course of SIV infection in rhesus monkeys. METHODS: 2 groups of 4 rhesus macaque monkeys were infected with SIV and tested at approximately monthly intervals for 9 and 18 months. Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) and neopt
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:188 (abstract no. Th.A.274)
O'Brien M, Aoki S, Fujii H, Ford H, Broder S, Mitsuya H; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
OBJECTIVE: Many HIV-infected individuals are co-infected with HBV. The HBV infection is an increasingly serious problem among homosexuals and intravenous drug abusers. The life cycle of hepadnaviruses involves a step of reverse transcription similar to that of retroviruses. We therefore asked if antiretroviral DNA-chai
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:188 (abstract no. Th.A.273)
Kukla MJ, Breslin H, Janssen MA, Raeymaeckers A, Van Gelder J, Janssen PA; Janssen Research Foundation, Spring House, Pennsylvania, 19477 USA
OBJECTIVE: Develop a potential anti-AIDS candidate from an initial lead compound (R14458) which is structurally distinct from the dideoxynucleosides such as AZT , DDI, and DDC but has moderate and specific activity against HIV-1. METHODS: Several analogues of the title ring system were synthesized and tested for their
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:188 (abstract no. Th.A.272)
Mathe G, Trabaud M, Bourut C, Chenu E; Institut du Cancer et d'Immunogenetique Hopital Paul-Brousse, 94800-Villejuif, France
In vivo, DBA/2 mice inoculated with Friend s leukemia virus, were treated by i.p. route during 7 days with acriflavine-hydrochloride (ACF-HCl), or the neutral form of ACF (ACF-N) or by proflavin (PF), acridine (ACD), aminacrine (AAC) or tetrahydro amino acridine (THA) hydrochlorides and acridine yellow (ACD-y). Their v
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:187 (abstract no. Th.A.271)
Clayette P, Merrouche Y, Roques P, Olomucki M, Dormont D; SSA/DPS/SPE CEA, Fontenay-aux-roses, France
OBJECTIVE: Nucleosides analogs are the most effective agents in the treatment of HIV infections. Because toxicity and viral resistance have been described, two series of new nucleosides derivatives, acyclic nucleosides and tricyclic base nucleosides, were screened against HIV1. METHODS: First, mitogenic and toxic effec
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:187 (abstract no. Th.A.270)
Zhu QY, Watanabe KA, Krayevsky AA, Tarussova NB, Polsky BW, Gold JW, Baron P, Hardy W, Armstrong D, Chou TC; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY, NY
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in vitro anti-HIV activity of 5 -hydrogenphosphonates (HP) and 5 -methylphosphonates (MeP) of pyrimidine nucleosides and to determine their structure-activity relationships and selectivity. METHODS: The inhibitory effects of the compounds on HIV-1 replication were evaluated by HIV-1 P24 core anti
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:187 (abstract no. Th.A.269)
Mohan P, Singh R, Baba M; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
OBJECTIVE: Synthesis and evaluation of naphthalenedisulfonic acid derivatives for anti-HIV-1 and anti-HIV-2 activity. METHODS: Anti-HIV activity was determined by measuring inhibition of (1) HIV-1 and HIV-2 cytopathogenicity (2) HIV-1 giant cell formation and (3) HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) activity. RESULTS: Sign
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:187 (abstract no. Th.A.268)
Baba M, Tanaka H, Miyasaka T, Ubasawa M, Walker RT, De Clercq E; Fukushima Medical College, Fukushima, Japan
OBJECTIVE: To develop an effective chemotherapy for AIDS, novel 6-substituted acyclouridine derivatives were synthesized and examined for their inhibitory effects on HIV in vitro and their pharmacokinetics in vivo. METHODS: 1-[(2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-phenylthiothymine (HEPT) and its derivatives were examined for the
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:186 (abstract no. Th.A.267)
Shirasaka T, Murakami K, Ford H, Kelley J, Yoshioka H, Kojima E, Aoki S, Driscoll JS, Broder S, Mitsuya H; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: Lipophilicity of 2 ,3 -dideoxypurine (ddP) nucleosides is generally low and their penetration into the central nervous system is not likely to be efficient. Generation of lipophilic antiretroviral drugs may have direct clinical relevance to the therapy of HIV infection. METHODS: Four 2-amino-6-halo-ddP and f
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:186 (abstract no. Th.A.266)
White EL, Shaddix SC, Vince R, Shannon WM, Parker WB; Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL, USA
Carbovir (carbocyclic 2 ,3 -didehydro-2 ,3 -dideoxyguanosine; NSC 614846) is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication which is presumed to exert its effect by the same mechanism as other dideoxynucleosides, such as ddA, ddC or AZT , i.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:186 (abstract no. Th.A.265)
Kumar R, Richman DD, Hostetler KY; Vical Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: Macrophages are an important target for anti-HIV therapies. We previously reported the synthesis of sn-3 phosphatidylAZT (pAZT), a phospholipid prodrug of azidothymidine (AZT, zidovudine) which was active in HIV-infected cells. pAZT can be targeted to macrophages in vivo. We wished to determine if the sn-1 d
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:186 (abstract no. Th.A.264)
Gohchi K, Sinet M, Dazza MC, Dameron G, Brun-Vezinet F; Laboratoire de Virologie, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of AZT in combination with Poly I: Poly C (pI pC) on MT4 cell line and monocyte-macrophages (M/M) infected with HIV. METHODS: HIV cytopathic effect in MT4 cells infected with HTLV-IIIB was evaluated using the reduction of MTT (Tetrazolium assay) procedure. M/M cultures were prepared fro
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:185 (abstract no. Th.A.263)
Shirasaka T, Yarchoan R, Aoki S, Ford H, DeVico A, Sarngadharan MG, Richman DD, Broder S, Mitsuya H; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
OBJECTIVE: Study of HIV strains which developed drug-resistance may make it possible to identify more specific viral targets and to develop more effective therapeutic strategies. Four pairs of HIV-1 strains isolated from patients before and after therapy were analyzed for a possible mechanism of development of the drug
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:185 (abstract no. Th.A.262)
Beenhouwer DO, Rankin JA, Mellors JW; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
OBJECTIVE: AZT has been reported to have greater anti-HIV-1 activity in fresh blood monocytes than in monocyte-derived macrophages which have differentiated in vitro. The activity of AZT in fresh tissue macrophages has not been well defined. We therefore compared the anti-HIV-1 activity of AZT in peripheral blood monoc
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:185 (abstract no. Th.A.261)
Tsai CC, Follis KE, Yarnall M, Deaver LE, Benveniste RE, Sager PR; Regional Primate Research Center, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), which causes an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in macaques, is a lentivirus that is morphologically, antigenically, genetically, and biologically similar to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Because of these similarities, the SIV model represents a unique opportunity for i
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:185 (abstract no. Th.A.260)
Boudinot FD, Schinazi RF, Doshi KJ, McClure HM, Qin YX, Chu CK; College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of FDT, D4T and AzddMeC in rhesus monkeys. METHODS: Monkeys were administered 60 mg/kg FDT, D4T or AzddMeC intravenously and orally. Monkeys were given 33.3 mg/kg FDT and D4T subcutaneously. Serial blood samples were obtained. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:184 (abstract no. Th.A.259)
Mervis RF, Hill JM, Brenneman DE; Div. Neuropath. Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
OBJECTIVE: In vitro studies with murine hippocampus have shown that the HIV envelope glycoprotein, gp 120, induced neuronal death (Brenneman et al, Nature, 335,639, 1988; Drug Dev. Res. 15,361 1988). The goal of this study was to evaluate the in vivo effects of gp120 and peptide T on the morphology of cortical neurons
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:184 (abstract no. Th.A.258)
Shih CC, O'Toole T, Salimi S, Kaneshima H, Namikawa R, Rabin L, McCune JM; SyStemix, Inc. 3400 West Bayshore Road, Palo Alto, CA., USA
The heterochimeric SCID-hu mouse is constructed by engrafting human hematolymphoid organs into the immunodeficient C.B17 scid/scid mouse. In a time- and dose-dependent manner, intravenous injection of HIV into these mice results in reproducible infection of the human organs, as detected by in situ hybridization, immuno
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:184 (abstract no. Th.A.257)
Balzarini J, Naesens L, DeClercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of different treatment schedules of 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) and 3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine ( AZT ) on their anti-retrovirus activity in Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV)-infected newborn NMRI mice. METHODS: PMEA and AZT were evaluated for their inhibitory effect
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:184 (abstract no. Th.A.256)
Li JL, Felgner PL, Richman DD, Hostetler KY; Vical Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
OBJECTIVE: The LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus produces a disease in C57BL/6 mice with many features of AIDS (MAIDS) and has been shown to be responsive to treatment with zidovudine ( AZT ). Treatment of mice with 100 mg/kg/day by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection prolonged survival while 10 mg/kg/day was less effective.
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:183 (abstract no. Th.A.255)
Hardy WD Jr, Zuckerman EE, Boecker J, Corbishley J, Kong XB, Wantanabe KA, Polsky BW, Gold JW, Baron P, Chou TC, et al; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, NY, USA
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of FLT to inhibit the replication of feline onco- and lenti-retroviruses, the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: The inhibitory effects of FLT were evaluated in vitro by the FeLV and FIV fluorescent focus reduction assa
OBJECTIVE: We previously reported selective killing of persistently HIV 1-infected cells by liposomes containing fragment A (Fr.A) of diphtheria toxin(1). Here we examined the selective killing activity of liposomes not containing Fr.A against the persistently HIV 1-infected cells. METHODS: Liposomes, which were prepar
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:183 (abstract no. Th.A.253)
Cereda PM, Pagani L, Filice G, Rassu M, Mengoli C, Dettin M, Palu' G, Di Bello C; University of Pavia, Italy
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-HIV-1 activity of CD4 oligopeptides which represent the supposed binding site of HIV-1 gp120. METHODS: Two oligopeptides (37-53 and 37-55) spanning the CD4 V1J1 domain were synthesized by solid phase techniques. They were selectively modified by the addition
Int Conf AIDS 1990 Jun 20-23; 6:183 (abstract no. Th.A.252)
Zverev V, Malushova V, Sidorov A, Zdanovsky A, Elinov V, Korneeva M, Pugach A, Yankovsky N, Andjaparidze O; Institute for Viral Preparations, Moscow, USSR
OBJECTIVE: To characterize anti-HIV properties of recombinant soluble CD4 and CD4(178)DTA, a recombinant protein containing the gp120-binding region of CD4 linked to the A-fragment of diphtheria toxin. The construction of a new recombinant CD4 mutant form with adhesion properties. METHODS: Molecular cloning for recombi
