To assess the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant vaccinia encoding the gp160 of HIV-1LAV-1 (HIVAC-le, Oncogen/ Bristol-Myers Squibb ) in vaccinia-naive adults. HIVAC-le was compared to its parent vaccinia strain (Dryvax, Wyeth) in 36 healthy, vaccinia-naive adults in a randomized, double-blind
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:88 (abstract no. F.A.2)
Eichberg JW; Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA
To evaluate the efficacy of various HIV vaccines to prevent infection in chimpanzees. The following HIV vaccines were used to actively or passively immunize a total of 55 chimpanzees: 1. synthetic peptide (735-752); 2. vaccinia-env; 3. rgp120 (CHO, approximately 50% pure, approximately 50% clipped a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:88 (abstract no. F.A.3)
Herlihy WC, Javaherian K, LaRosa GJ, Bolognesi DP, Matthews TJ, Putney SD; Repligen Corporation, One Kendall Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
The principal binding site for HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies (the principal neutralization determinant or PND) is within a disulfide loop in the third variable domain of the external envelope protein, gp120. The amino acid sequence of the PND is variable and PND-containing peptides generally elicit isolate-restricted n
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:88 (abstract no. F.A.4)
Schlienger K, Michel ML, Mancini M, Dormont D, Riviere Y, Tiollais P; Unite de Recombinaison et Expression Genetique, Paris, France
The HIV-1 major neutralizing determinant is contained within a disulfide loop located in the envelope gp 120 third variable domain (V3 loop). To increase its immunogenic potential, we have exposed this epitope (HIV-1 Bru strain) at the surface of a highly antigenic structure, the hepatitis B surface
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:21 (abstract no. M.A.5)
Cheng-Mayer C, Shioda T, Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143-0128
To identify genetic regions of HIV-1 that control the pathogenic properties of the virus. Recombinant viruses were generated between two sequential isolates (HIV-1SF2, HIV-1SF13) that are highly related at the genomic level and yet display distinct in vitro biological properties. The sequen
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:21 (abstract no. M.A.6)
Stevenson M, Bukrinsky MI, Stanwick TL, Dempsey MP; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
The underlying basis for HIV-1 persistence and latency and the nature of the virus reservoir in the course of AIDS remains unresolved. The large number of cells in infected individuals which harbor proviral DNA is difficult to reconcile with low numbers of productively infected cells suggesting a restricted reservoir w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:21 (abstract no. M.A.7)
Phillips R, Rowland-Jones S, Gotch F, Nixon DF, Ogunlesi A, Edwards J, McMichael AJ; Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
In longitudinal studies of HIV positive haemophiliacs, three distinct cytotoxic T cell (CTL) epitopes have been identified in Gag. To investigate the mechanism of fluctuation in CTL recognition of these epitopes and to search for escape mutants, we have determined the nucleotide sequence of HLA-B8 restricted
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:21 (abstract no. M.A.8)
Goudsmit J, Wolfs T, Kuiken C, Zwart G, Tersmette T; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
To determine the relationship between the diversity of the viral population, the emergence of HIV-1 variants escaping V3 specific antibody, the switch in virus phenotype from non-syncytium inducing (NSI) to syncytium inducing (SI), and progression to AIDS. Sequential serum samples were used as sourc
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:24 (abstract no. M.A.9)
Fenouillet E, Gluckman JC; CERVI, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris - France
Our recent results indicate that carbohydrates (CHO) present on mature env glycoproteins (gp) do not play a major role for HIV-1 infectivity (J. Exp. Med. 1989, March; J. Virol. 1990, June). However, sugar analogs like 1 deoxynojirimycin (dNM) that interfere with the glycosylation process of nascent gp160 ma
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:24 (abstract no. M.A.10)
Repke H, Shin J, Haseltine WA; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
To understand the conformational pertubations of CD4 and gp120 during the binding process and to find alternative ways of inhibiting binding, syncytia formation and infectivity. gp120 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), soluble and membrane bound CD4/CD4-mutants and immunoadhesins were used to study association/diss
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:24 (abstract no. M.A.11)
Benedetto A, Di Caro A, Elia G, Garbuglia AR, Delfini C; Center Virology, S. Camillo Hosp; Rome
Investigation of CD4 receptor, citopathic effect, viral expression, and integration in C8166 cells and in derived clones, surviving to HIV (HTLV-IIIB) infection. METHODS AND C8166 cells show maximal susceptibility to HIV, resulting in a near-synchronous infection cycle and cell death, within 4-5 day
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:24 (abstract no. M.A.12)
Gabuzda D, Lever A, Haseltine W, Sodroski J; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein carboxyl terminus contains sequences which are essential for efficient viral replication. To determine the function of this domain in the virus life cycle, the effect of mutations in the carboxy terminal 160 amino acids of gp41 on viral replication, envelope glycoprotein synth
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:25 (abstract no. M.A.13)
Federico M, Maggiorella MT, Sulli N, Guidoni L, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Viti V, Verani P, Rossi GB; Lab.di Fisica e INFN sez. Sanita
To elucidate changes induced in cell membrane organization and in cellular lipid metabolism following HIV infection of susceptible cells, taking advantage of NMR spectroscopy that can be performed on intact viable cells. PHA stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), like other proliferati
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:25 (abstract no. M.A.14)
Berkower I, Murphy D, Smith GE; CBER FDA, Bethesda, MD, USA
To determine how many recombinant CD4 (rCD4) or CD4-immunoglobulin hybrid molecules must bind each virus to cause inactivation. HIV-1 inactivation by rCD4 and CD4-Ig were measured in a sensitive plaque-forming assay, which gave a quantitative measure of virus survival as a fraction of input virus. T
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:25 (abstract no. M.A.15)
Dalgleish A, Habeshaw J, Manca F, Hounsell E; MRC Clinical Research Centre Harrow HA1 3UJ UK
1) To show that gp120 contains an alloepitope which would be available to interact with the T cell receptor (TCR), and to explore if this interaction is with a specific V-alpha/beta region of the TCR. 2) To determine if T cell responses against HIV are T cell restricted at the V-alpha/beta level. Mo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:25 (abstract no. M.A.16)
Golding H, Clerici M, Mann D, Shearer GM, Blackburn R; Division of Virology, FDA, Bethesda, MD, USA
Two highly homologous sequences were found in conserved regions of HIV-1 gp41 (aa837-844), and human HLA class II beta chains (aa19-25). Early study demonstrated that 35% of HIV-1 infected individuals produce antibodies against the gp41 sequence which crossreact with HLA class II bearing cells (CRAb). Such CRAb could b
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:26 (abstract no. M.A.17)
Butini L, Pantaleo G, Poli G, Dayton A, Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
To determine the role of the LFA-1/ICAM-1/2 pathway of cell adhesion in the process of HIV-mediated cell fusion and HIV spreading. Jurkat cells were transfected with HXB2, a plasmid that contains a full length, infectious human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-IIIB. PHA-activated LFA-1+ and LFA-1(-) [obt
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:26 (abstract no. M.A.18)
Amadori A, Zamarchi R, Veronese ML, DeSilvestro G, Salmaso L, Barelli A, Borri A, Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, Padova, ITALY
PREMISS: Much in vitro data indicate the effects of gp120/CD4 interactions, but no evidence that this phenomenon occurs in vivo has been provided so far. PBL were analyzed cytofluorographically with different mAb against CD4; CD4 expression and proliferative response to anti-CD3 was studied before and after in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:26 (abstract no. M.A.19)
Rieckmann P, Poli G, Fox CH, Kehrl JH, Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
To investigate the role of IL-6 and TNF-alpha produced by activated B cells in HIV infected individuals for their potential to support B cell activation and HIV expression. B cells were isolated from the blood or lymph node, cultured in the presence or absence of polyclonal B cell activators or reco
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:26 (abstract no. M.A.20)
Romagnani S, Macchia D, Parronchi P, Piccinni MP, Simonelli C, Ravina A, Mazzetti M, Santoni F, Maggi E; Istituto di Clinica Medica 3, Universita di Firenze (Italia)
To examine the alterations induced by HIV-1 infection on the function of helper T cells with particular regard to their involvement in the polyclonal B cell response. In vitro infection with HIV-1 of PPD- or tetanus toxoid-specific CD4+ human T cell clones (TCC) derived from uninfected individuals.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:27 (abstract no. M.A.21)
Putkonen P, Thorstensson R, Albert J, Hild K, Biberfeld G, Norrby E; Dept. of Immunology, National Bact. Lab.
To evaluate the efficacy of passive immunization against HIV-2 and SIVsm infection in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca Fascicularis). Sera with high antibody titers were heat treated and injected intravenously (iv) into naive animals six hours before iv challenge with live homologous cell-free virus. In t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:27 (abstract no. M.A.22)
Nicol I, Boussin F, Vogt G, LeGrand R, Montagnier L, Dormont D; CEA, CRSSA, DSV/DPTE/SSA, Fontenay aux Roses, France
AIDS-like clinical manifestations were observed in an HIV2-ROD infected macaque (33215). This isolate was reinoculated into macaques to obtain an animal model for AIDS disease. Here, we report the in vivo HIV2-ROD genomic variations in the monkey 33215 and the results of the second inoculation. Ino
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:27 (abstract no. M.A.23)
Krohn K, Hakkarainen K, Aavik E, Dewhurst S, Sadaie R, Mullins J; University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
Genetically engineered replication deficient viruses can theoretically be used as attenuated vaccines. In HIV and SIV, the rev protein is known to be necessary for expression of viral structural proteins and for the production of infectious virus. We have determined the ability of HTLV-1 rex protein to compl
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:27 (abstract no. M.A.24)
Mills KH, Stott EJ, Chan WL, Taffs LF, Cranage M, Greenaway P, Thiriart C, DeWilde M, Bruck C, Page M, et al; NIBSC, Potters Bar, Herts., UK
To assess the ability of SIV vaccines to generate humoral and cell-mediated immunity and to protect against challenge in an SIV macaque model. Macaques were immunized with 4 doses of inactivated whole virus or recombinant SIV proteins. Humoral immune responses were tested by ELISA, immunoblots, RIPA
Several monoclonal antibodies were derived from Balb/c mice immunized with vaccinia expressed SIV gp150. These reagents were characterized for reactivity to different forms of SIV envelope protein and to different SIV isolates using radioimmunoprecipitation and Western Blot (WB). Among these, 2 showed a neutralizing ac
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:28 (abstract no. M.A.26)
LaBranche CC, Bugelski PJ, Hart TK, Hoxie JA; Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
To identify the determinants of cytopathogenesis in a cytopathic variant of molecularly-derived SIVmac251. SIVmac251 has been shown to infect SUP-T1 cells without killing, fusion, or CD4 down-modulation. A cytopathic variant of this virus arose spontaneously during long-term culture. The parental an
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:28 (abstract no. M.A.27)
D'Onofrio C, Faraoni I, Macchi B, Bonmassar E; Dept. Exp. Med. Biochem. Sci., II University of Rome, Rome, Italy
PDGF has been described not to be expressed in T lymphocytes under physiological conditions. More recently, PDGFB and its receptor have been found to be expressed in T cell lines infected with HTLV-I (D Onofrio et al., J. IFN Res.9(2s):S82, 1989; Goustin et al., Growth Factors 2:189, 1990). These data sugges
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:28 (abstract no. M.A.28)
Calabro ML, Hoad JH, Matutes E, Catovsky D, Weiss RA, Schulz TF; Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs., London, England
Comparative analysis of HTLV-I envelope sequences derived from ATL cases of different countries was performed in order to evaluate their genetic distance from prototype sequences and to identify amino acid changes localized in immunogenic regions of the envelope. PCR-amplified envelope regions of 5
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:29 (abstract no. M.A.29)
Smith D, Mann T, Anderson E, Canavaggio M, Lee H; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL
HTLV-I EIA screening assays and the confirmatory procedures of Western blot (WB) and radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) show reactivity with antibodies to HTLV-I and the closely related HTLV-II. Patterns of serologic reactivity were compared to HTLV-I or II PCR results. 181 serologically confirmed samp
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:29 (abstract no. M.A.30)
Fehniger TE, Converse P, Strannegard O, Ehrnst E, Maasho K, Sonnerborg A, Britton S; Karolinska Institute, Dept. of Infectious Diseases
To define the patterns of antibody reactivity against CMV in HIV-1 infected subjects. The study group of CMV seropositive subjects included HIV+ clinically asymptomatic (asym: n=13), ARC/AIDS (n=7), and HIV- homosexual and non-homosexual adult subjects. IgG antibody reactivity was measured against i
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:29 (abstract no. M.A.31)
Tornesello ML, Beth-Giraldo E, Galloway DA, McDougall JK, Buonaguro FM, Giraldo G; Natl. Cancer Institute "Fond. Pascale", Naples, Italy
Analysis of the interactions and the role of HIVs and HPVs in the etiopathogenesis of penile cancers from patients of African regions with high prevalence of HIV infections and genital neoplasms. To test the prevalence of HIVs and HPVs, DNAs extracted from Penile Cancers (PC) biopsies were tested by
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:29 (abstract no. M.A.32)
Lusso P, Malnati M, DeMaria A, Lori F, Garzino-Demo A, Arya S, Gallo RC; LTCB, NCI, Bethesda, MD
To investigate the possible role of HHV-6 as a cofactor in AIDS and the interactions between HHV-6 and HIV-1. Limiting dilution cell cloning, magnetic bead separation, fluorocytometry, Northern blot, PCR, p24 Ag capture, PFA inhibition, DEAE-Dextran transfection. Productive HHV-6 infection
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:38 (abstract no. M.A.63)
Benjouad A, Gluckman JC, Rochat H, Montagnier L, Bahraoui E; CERVI Pitie-Salpetriere Medical School, Paris, France
To investigate the specificity and neutralizing capacity of antibodies raised against native, or partially or totally deglycosylated rgp160 of HIV-1 Bru. Rabbits were immunized with rgp160 or deglycosylated derivatives obtained by either neuraminidase, or mannosidase or Endo F-N glycanase. Specifici
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:38 (abstract no. M.A.64)
Aldovini A, Young R; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
We have used the potent immunological properties of the human tuberculosis vaccine Mycobacterium bovis BCG to develop a live recombinant vaccine vehicle that can produce selected pathogen proteins and stimulate the mammalian immune system to respond to them. BCG has a number of features that make it a particularly attr
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:38 (abstract no. M.A.65)
Berzofsky JA, Shirai M; Metabolism Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
We observed that an immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope of HIV-1 gp160, P18 (residues 315-329), is presented by class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules to helper T cells as well as by class I MHC molecules to CTL, and that several peptides of gp160 identified as helper epito
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:38 (abstract no. M.A.66)
Zaghouani H, Bona C; Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York USA
Anti-idiotypes which possess the internal image of an antigen can induce protective humoral immunity toward bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. Herein, we demonstrate antigen mimicry by monoclonal anti-idiotypes to a distinct epitope of the HIV envelope protein which is defined by a synthetic peptide. This pepti
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:39 (abstract no. M.A.67)
Zagury D, Picard O, Halbreich A, Bernard J, Carelli C, Bizinni B, Salaun JJ, Lurhuma Z, Mbayo K, Burny A, et al; Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
Vaccine trial phase I performed in AIDS patients, using autologous cells expressing HIV1 antigens was performed at the University Clinic of Kinshasa and at Hospital Saint Antoine. Clinical and biological benefit was observed(a,b), but no repair of specific cellular immunity was apparent as if 1) the benefit was due to
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:39 (abstract no. M.A.68)
Charles S, Matthews T, Chong P, Haynes J, Rovinski B, Cao SX, Bolognesi D, Klein M; Connaught Centre for Biotechnology Research, 1755 Steeles Avenue West, Willowdale, Ont. M2R 3T4, Canada
To construct synthetic HIV vaccine candidates using defined T- and B-cell epitopes of HIV structural proteins. Chimeric oligopeptides containing either a gp120 or a gp41 B-cell epitope from the MN and LAV isolates, respectively, linked in tandem to either the N- or C-terminus of a defined p24 T-cell
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:39 (abstract no. M.A.69)
deWolf F, Meloen RH, Bakker M, Barin F, Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
To map linear antibody binding sites on the HIV-2 external glycoprotein (EGP) gp125 and to study antibody reactivity to the most antigenic epitopes in sera of HIV-1- and HIV-2-infected individuals. HIV-2 immunoblot positive sera from 8 patients were used for antibody-reactive peptide scanning (PEPSC
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:39 (abstract no. M.A.70)
Tilley SA, Honnen WJ, Racho ME, Hilgartner M, Pinter A; Public Health Research Institute, New York, NY
To develop human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) against HIV with potent neutralizing and/or other anti-viral activities. HuMAbs were derived by EBV transformation of PBMC from asymtomatic, seropositive hemophiliacs. The specificity of HuMAbs was determined by ELISAs, Western blot and RIPA analyses,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:40 (abstract no. M.A.71)
Imagawa DT, Kobata H, Lee M, Ueda M, Javier B, Russo F, Aldrovandi G, Detels R; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
Infectious HIV-1 load in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and titer of RTI in the corresponding plasma were evaluated in 54 asymptomatic seropositive homosexual men. Limiting dilutions of PBMC were cocultured with PHA- stimulated donor cells in a microculture procedure to quantitate the
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:40 (abstract no. M.A.72)
Ho DD, Fund MS, Li XL, Sun C, Chang NT, Chang TW, Sun NC; The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center and New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
To define domains in gp120 important for antibody neutralization of divergent HIV-1 isolates. G3-4 monoclonal antibody was generated by immunizing mice with purified gp120 of HIV-1 (IIIB), and it has been extensively characterized in radioimmunoprecipitation, neutralization, and gp120-CD4-binding in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:40 (abstract no. M.A.73)
Kliks SC, Wu WW, Levy JA; University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
To investigate the mechanism of strain-specific antibody neutralization and enhancement of infection by HIV-1 strains. The studies were undertaken because sera from humans and primates immunized with HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins have been found to have dual properties. Human anti V3 monoclonal antib
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:40 (abstract no. M.A.74)
Ugen KE, Goedert J, Kieber-Emmons T, Merva M, Boyer J, Williams WV, Weiner DB; The Wistar Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Understanding the contribution of the humoral immune response to the functions of the HIV envelope in HIV mediated viral entry processes. Anti-syncytial and group specific neutralization activity are observed most frequently in the asymptomatic patient population. High immune responses to the V3 loop region
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:41 (abstract no. M.A.75)
Vesanen M, Linna T, Vaheri A; Department of Virology University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
We have studied human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in three different human neuroblastoma cell lines; SK-N-MC, IMR-32 and SH-SY5Y. In all of these cell lines the infection became productive. However, the virus expression was different as determined by the p24 antigen capture assays from culture super
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:41 (abstract no. M.A.76)
Ohashi K, Popovic M, Liu Y, Hunter E, Javaherian K, Eddy G, Gartner S; Fujisaki Institute, Okayama, Japan
We sought to determine whether antibodies capable of neutralizing virus infection of T cells can also influence infection of mononuclear phagocytes. HIV-1LW-PBM, an isolate from a lab worker infected with HTLV-IIIB was used. To generate viral stocks, early passage virus was transmitted to monocyte/m
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:41 (abstract no. M.A.77)
DeRossi A, Pasti M, Mammano F, Panozzo M, Dettin M, DiBello C, Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, Institute of Industrial Chemistry, University of Padova, Italy
To investigate biological properties of PND from different HIV-1 strains. 24-mer peptides derived from PND (301-324 aminoacid sequence) of different HIV-1 strains were synthesized on solid support using a peptide synthetizer (Applied Biosystems 431A). Target cell (MOLT-3 and H938) infection with MN,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:41 (abstract no. M.A.78)
Clapham P, McKnight A, Weiss R; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
We have characterized HIV-2 fusion and infection of CD4-negative human cell lines. HIV-2 strains used were LAV-2ROD, SBL6669, CBL-20, CBL-21, CBL-22 and CBL-23. Human cells included RD/TE671 rhabdomyosarcoma, U87 glioma, HeLa carcinoma, Raji and Daudi B cell lines. HIV-2 fusion was tested by overnig
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:42 (abstract no. M.A.79)
David FJ, Tran HC, Autran B, Raphael M, Menu E, Hsi BL, Barre-Sinoussi F, Chaouat G; INSERM U 262, Clin. Univ. Baudelocque, Paris
To investigate the molecular mechanisms allowing the transplacental passage of HIV, we studied: A- The placental Fc-Receptors (Fc-R), possibly involved in the placental passage of IgG-complexed viral particles. B- The expression of CD4 and the permissivity of placental cells to infection with HIV. M
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:42 (abstract no. M.A.80)
Westervelt P, Trowbridge DB, Gendelman HE, Ratner L; Departments of Medicine & Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
Determination of the molecular basis for HIV-1 tropism for primary human monocytes. Recombinant proviral clones were constructed by reciprocal DNA fragment exchange between a monocyte-tropic clone (ADA) and two full-length molecular clones (HXB2 and NL4-3) incapable of infection or replication in pr
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:92 (abstract no. M.A.1000)
Freedman A, Gibson F, Fleming S, Spry C, Griffin G; St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
To investigate the potential of HIV-1 to infect human eosinophils in vitro. Bone marrow aspirates from healthy human volunteers were cultured in medium supplemented with recombinant human Interleukin-5 (IL-5) to promote eosinophil differentiation. After 1-3 weeks cultures were inoculated with cell-f
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:92 (abstract no. M.A.1001)
Kupcu Z, Mannhalter JW, Schaff S, Eder G, Eibl MM; Immuno AG, Vienna, Austria
To study the cellular tropism of HIV-1/IIIB in the chimpanzee. Monocytes were prepared from peripheral blood of chimpanzees by adherence to plastic. Prior to infection with HIV-1 strain IIIB the adherent cells were cultured for 7 days in medium containing M-CSF (100 U/ml) and GM-CSF (40 U/ml). Nonad
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:92 (abstract no. M.A.1002)
Nagy K, Dobronyi I, Timar I; Institute of Isotopes, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Department of Pathology, Semmelweis Medical University, Budapest, Hungary
To evaluate the role of FcRII(CD32) of CD4 negative human machrophage cells in receptor mediated enhancement of HIV infection. Membrane markers characterisation of the machrophes cell line DD were done by immunofluorescence (IF), DD cells infected with HIV directly or complexed with HIV-specific ant
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:92 (abstract no. M.A.1003)
Eiden LE, Rausch DM, Kalyanaraman VS, Hwang KM, Berger EA, Lifson JD; NIMH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Peptide derivatives of CD4 (81-92), a region which includes a portion of the CDR3 domain important in gp 120 binding to CD4, were synthesized, based on either the chimpanzee or human sequence. Differential ability of the two peptides to inhibit gp120 binding to CD4, HIV infection, or cell fusion could help t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:93 (abstract no. M.A.1004)
Barton G, Sorio C, Cassatella MA, Rossi F; Institute of General Pathology, University of Verona, Italy
Since the significance of CD4 expression by human mononuclear phagocytes is largely unknown, we initiated studies aimed to establish whether CD4 expressed by human myeloid cell lines and macrophages is able to deliver a signal. Furthermore we have investigated regulation of CD4 expression on human myeloid ce
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:93 (abstract no. M.A.1005)
Heyworth MF, Sullivan KT, Liu GH, Kim YS; VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
The aims of this work were (1) to label recombinant gp120 (surface glycoprotein of HIV-1) with biotin, and (2) to compare the ability of biotinylated gp120 to bind to human lymphocytes and colon cancer cell lines. Recombinant glycosylated gp120 was labeled with biotin, by using sulfosuccinimidyl 6-(
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:93 (abstract no. M.A.1006)
Valentin A, Fredriksson R, Albert J, Fenyo EM, Asjo B; Depts. of Virology, Karolinska Institute and National Bacteriological Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study was to investigate whether HIV isolates show any difference in the capacity to infect and replicate in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and blood derived macrophages (BDM). MATERIAL AND PBL and BDM obtained from HIV seronegative healthy blood donors were infected with 50
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:93 (abstract no. M.A.1007)
Kelker HC, Georgescu R, Valentine FT; NYU Medical Center, New York, NY 10016
To compare the binding of several recombinant gp120s and gp160s to CD4 in an ELISA and a cellular system. We have examined the binding of env proteins to: 1) solid phase CD4 (Biogen) using an ELISA assay which we have developed, and 2) CD4+ cells (flow cytometry). Binding of gp120 produced by Americ
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:94 (abstract no. M.A.1008)
Kobayashi K, Takeda A, Fanger MW, Ennis FA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA
We previously reported that the sera of HIV-1 infected patients have antibodies which enhance infection by HIV-1 of U937 cells and human monocytes (Takeda, A., et al, Science, 1988). Antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) required interaction with both CD4 and Fcalpha receptor (FcalphaR) I (Takeda, A. et al, J
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:94 (abstract no. M.A.1009)
Brys L, Verhaegen S, Saman E, Fransen L, van der Groen G, Van Heuverswyn H, De Baetselier P; Institute of Tropical Medicine - Antwerpen - Belgium
To analyze the role of CD4 in the infection and production of HTLVIIIB in human macrophage-like cell lines, CD4 mutants were generated and tested for their susceptibility towards productive HTLVIIIB infections. U937 and THP-1 cells were treated with mutagens and selected for the absence of CD4 via p
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:94 (abstract no. M.A.1010)
Torelli S, Ennas MG, Sogos V, Cocchia D, Gremo F; School of Medicine, Cagliari, Italy
Infants with AIDS present severe neurological symptoms, which could be either a consequence of the general disease or the product of a direct infection of the brain occurring during pregnancy. So far, no direct evidence has been provided about the presence of the cellular receptor for HIV, CD4, in human fetal brain. We
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:94 (abstract no. M.A.1011)
Gattegno L, Ramdani A, Jouault T, Saffar L, Gluckman JC; Faculte de Medecine, Paris-Nord, France
To examine whether mannosyl-specific lectins intervene in rgp160 binding to the cell membrane in a CD4-dependent or- independent manner, and to what extent does lectin-mediated enhanced binding of env glycoprotein correspond to modified susceptibility to HIV-1 infection of monocytic cells as compared with ly
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:95 (abstract no. M.A.1012)
Patterson S, Gross J, Bedford P, Knight SC; Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, Middlesex, UK
To characterize different populations of peripheral blood DC and investigate their susceptibility to HIV infection. The presence of DR, DQ, CD4, CD3, CD19 and CD14 antigens on DC was assessed by immunogold electron microscopy (EM). Susceptibility to in vitro HIV infection was examined by EM and in s
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:95 (abstract no. M.A.1013)
Sanhadji K, Benard I, Touraine JL; Faculte de Medecine A. Carrel, INSERM U.80-CNRS URA 1177, Rue Guillaume Paradin, 69008 Lyon, France
To analyze the variation of HIV infectivity of lymphocytes when CD4 expression is modulated by in vitro pre-treatment with PMA. The MT4 cell line (3x10(5) cells/ml) was pre-treated with 1.6x10(-8) M of PMA (or with control solution) for 0.5, 1, 5 or 20 hrs, then washed and assayed for CD4 expression
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:95 (abstract no. M.A.1014)
Pinter C, Siccardi AG, Clivio A; Dipartimento di Biologia e Genetica per le Scienze Mediche, University of Milan, Italy
To search, in normal human sera, HIV binding proteins possibly involved in HIV spreading strategies such as dissemination, alternative tropism or masking of functionally relevant epitopes at the virion surface. Normal human sera were pooled and fractionated by high resolution anion exchange HPLC (Hi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:95 (abstract no. M.A.1015)
Meneveri R, Grassi F, Marozzi A, Agresti A, Siccardi A, Ginelli E; Dipartimento Biologia e Genetica per li Scienze Mediche, Universita di Milano, Italy
To characterize a 45 kD human protein which shares an epitope with HIV-1 gp120. The protein, present at high concentrations on the surface of activated immunocytes, is defined by two Mabs (M38 and L31) one of which (M38) is cross-reactive with the virus. Immunoscreening of an expression cDNA library
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:96 (abstract no. M.A.1016)
Autiero M, Abrescia P, Dettin M, DiBello C, Guardiola J; CNR, Naples, Italy
Studies on the binding of gp120 and gp120- derived peptides to Sepharose 4B-linked Soluble CD4 were performed. The synthetic peptides corresponding to the PND of gp120 (aa. 308-331) are able to bind CD4 both as an immobilized recombinant molecule and as a membrane-bound antigen and the interaction is specifi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:96 (abstract no. M.A.1017)
Lu W, Ferreira N, Israel-Biet D, Andrieu JM; Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Laennec Hospital, Universite de Paris V, Paris, France
Given the importance of a precise knowledge of HIV tropism and growth characteristics for a better understanding of the HIV disease, we have undertaken a study of the infectivity, growth kinetics, and cytopathogenic effect of laboratory adapted HIV-1 strains, and compared them with those of fresh primary HIV
Evaluation of the role of TGF-Beta on HIV-1 replication in blood derived macrophages (M0). Monocytes were isolated by leukapheresis and purified by elutriation. After differentiation M0 were infected with HIV-1 ADA (monocytotropic) IIIB, LAV or Z-84 (lymphocytotropic). Infection was evaluated by sup
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:96 (abstract no. M.A.1019)
Hurwitz AA, Hatch WC, Lyman WD, Hatcher VB, Berman JW; Albert Einstein Coll. Med., NY, NY, USA
To test the hypothesis that endothelial cells can be infected by HIV-1. Early passage human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells were transfected with a full-length CD4 cDNA and a selectable neomycin-resistance marker (CD4+EC). CD4+EC and nontransfected control HUVE were tested for CD4 expression
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:97 (abstract no. M.A.1020)
Hatch WC, Burstein Y, Calvelli TA, Rashbaum WK, Lyman WD; Albert Einstein Coll. Med., NY, NY, USA
To compare the kinetics of HIV-1 gene expression in human fetal macrophages (HFM) infected in vivo with the kinetics of infection of normal HFM in vitro using different HIV-1 isolates. HFM from fetal livers were obtained from abortuses of HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative women. The cells were cul
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:97 (abstract no. M.A.1021)
June R, Spear G, Stefanik K, Lint T, Landay AL; Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
This study was designed to determine the mechanism of complement mediated enhancement of HIV-1 infection by monitoring provirus formation and virus binding. It also characterized a population of T lymphocytes in vivo which expressed the receptors required for enhancement. Supernatants containing HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:97 (abstract no. M.A.1022)
Larsen CE, Nir S, Alford DR, Jennings M, Lee KD, Duzgunes N; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
We investigated the kinetics and extent of membrane fusion between HIV-1 and phospholipid vesicles and erythrocyte ghost membranes and studied the effects of pH, divalent cation, target membrane composition, temperature and viral trypsinization on this process. Purified HIV-1 was labeled with octade
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:97 (abstract no. M.A.1023)
Brigido LF, Gilbert M, Culp J, Mills J; SFGH-University of California, San Francisco, CA
To develop a simple, rapid and economical system to measure the binding of variant gp120 molecules to rsCD4, and to screen for inhibitors of binding potentially suitable as antivirals. An ELISA previously described (Gilbert et al, J. Clin. Micro 29:142-147;1991) was modified for these purposes. 10 n
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:98 (abstract no. M.A.1024)
Boyer V, Trabaud MA, Noraz N, Fischer E, Kazatchkine M, Desgranges C; Unite de recherche sur les Hepatites, la SIDA, et les retrovirus humains. INSERM U271.151, Cours A. Thomas, Lyon.
To investigate the role of complement in HIV-1 infection of different types of cells independently of the HIV specific antibodies. To determine the role of complement in HIV-1 infection we incubated the HTLV-IIIB and HTLV-RF strains of HIV-1 with seronegative normal human serum under conditions whic
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:98 (abstract no. M.A.1025)
Komurian F, Pelloquin F, Giordano C, Gessain A, Sonoda S, de-The G; Merieux Institute, Marcy l'Etoile, France
In order to study the geographical and disease-associated variations of the HTLV-I genome, the ex-vivo DNA from nine patients were studied by PCR, followed by direct DNA sequencing. For each viral strain, about 2,000 bp were thus sequenced, including LTR, env gene, px II, px III and px IV coding frames of the px region
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:98 (abstract no. M.A.1026)
Levy DN, Williams WV, Weiner DB; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
The cellular tropism of HIV is determined by the envelope proteins. The precursor glycoprotein gp160 is post-translationally cleaved to yield gp120 and gp41. The external glycoprotein gp120 is noncovalently attached to gp41 and mediates virus binding to the T cell antigen CD4. The transmembrane glycoprotein
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:98 (abstract no. M.A.1027)
Mizrachi Y, Sternas L, Volsky DJ; St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University, New York, N.Y.
To establish a rodent cell line stably carrying HIV-1 genome and replicating HIV-1 over extended periods of time, as a model system for studying HIV-1 replication in the absence of HIV-1 receptors. A vector carrying an infectious clone of HIV-1 and the neomycin resistance gene was electroporated int
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:99 (abstract no. M.A.1028)
Haeffner-Cavaillon N, Thieblemont N, Weiss L, Ziegler-Heitbrock HW, Kazatchkine MD; Hopital Brousais, Paris, France
To study the role of complement in the facilitation of viral entry into monocyte/macrophages. Glycosylated recombinant gp160 of HIV-1; monocytic cell lines Mono Mac 6 (CD4 antigen-negative) and THP1 (low expression of CD4 antigen); HTLV IIIB strain of HIV-1; LAV II strain of HIV-2. Incubati
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:99 (abstract no. M.A.1029)
Maino V, Singer R, Buck D, Buchanan T; Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, CA
Synthetic peptides derived from CD4 sequences of the putative binding domain of gp120 were employed in an effort to further characterize the gp120 binding site on CD4. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) raised against synthetic peptides derived from sequences of the V1 domain were evaluated for their abili
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:99 (abstract no. M.A.1030)
Volsky B, Sakai K, Shahabuddin M, Volsky DJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St.Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University, New York, N.Y.
HIV-1 infects neural cells but major differences exist compared to its infection of T cells. The route of HIV-1 entry into neural cells is unknown, the infection is small in extent and non-cytopathic, and virus can persist in a dormant/inducible state. Our objective was to develop an in vitro neural cell sys
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:99 (abstract no. M.A.1031)
Zeira M, Littman D, Volsky DJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University, New York, N.Y.
To establish parameters of HIV-1 entry into cells by measuring fusion between viral envelopes and CD4+ T cell lines or freshly isolated PBLs, and to correlate between viral entry and expression in these cells and in mouse cells expressing human CD4 receptors. Sucrose gradient purified HIV-1 CAT viri
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:100 (abstract no. M.A.1032)
Johnson D, Dougherty WJ, Pool W, Riley MG, Yacobi A; American Cyanamid Company, Pearl River, New York, USA
To investigate interspecies differences in the toxicokinetics of FLT. The comparative toxicokinetics of FLT in the rat and dog was evaluated in studies supported by pharmacokinetics, hematology and pathology. In monkeys, a study focusing on hematology and pharmacokinetics was conducted. In
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:100 (abstract no. M.A.1033)
Schuitemaker H, Kootstra NA, Groenink M, Meyaard L, de Goede RE, Huisman H, Miedema F, Tersmette M; Central Lab. Neth. Red Cross Blood Transf. Serv. and Lab. of Exp. and Clin. Immunology of the Univ. of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
The biological phenotype and the prevalence of monocytotropic HIV-1 isolates was studied by cell-free infection and primary isolation studies on sequential blood samples. In cell-free infection studies on primary monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) with 17 non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) and 14 syncytium-inducing (SI) isol
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:100 (abstract no. M.A.1034)
Foster BC, Wilson DL, Tryphonas H, Whitehouse LW, Khan SR; Health & Welfare Canada, Health Protection Branch, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
The purpose of this study was to determine whether transformed and peripheral blood leukocytes could be used in a pre-clinical in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay (3H-thymidine uptake) to determine the potential toxicity of AIDS drugs and whether there would be drug interactions. Epstein-Barr vi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:100 (abstract no. M.A.1035)
Takeuchi Y, Hoshino H, Miura T, Hayami M, Clapham PR, Weiss RA; Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
We have been studying a mutant HIV-1, which is named GUN-1V and can productively infect fibroblastoid cells (BT cells) derived from human brains by a CD4-mediated mechanism. BT cells seem to originate from normal blood vessel cells. Proto-type HIV-1 isolates cannot replicate well in BT cells. The genetic difference in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:101 (abstract no. M.A.1036)
Aggarwal A, Sadoff J, Markham P, Gallo R, Franchini G; PRI/DynCorp, NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA
Salmonella-based oral vaccines have shown to be safe, highly immunogenic, and cost effective. Recombinant Salmonella typhimurium (WR4024) expressing HIV-2 antigens could induce viral-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in mice. PCR-amplified HIV-2 gag (p17 and p24) and env (amino and carboxy hal
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:101 (abstract no. M.A.1037)
Giulio L, Petrucci T, Patrizio M, Bernardo A; Istituto Superiore di Santia, Pathophysiol, and Cell Biol. Labs, Roma, Italy
It has been hypothesized that neural cell damage responsible for the AIDS dementia complex may result from CD4-independent infection, from release of neurotoxic viral-coded products (e.g. gp120) or from exposure to products (cytokines or others) derived from infected or reactive cells. Since astrocytes, the
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:101 (abstract no. M.A.1038)
Tiziana S, Levi G; Instituto Superiore di Sanita, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Roma, Italy
It has been suggested that neural cell damage frequently observed in AIDS patients may be partly related to the neurotoxicity of HIV-coded products, such as the envelope protein gp120. Picomolar concentrations of gp120 cause neuronal death in various non-human neural cell culture systems, and this death has
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:101 (abstract no. M.A.1039)
DiMassimo AM, Placido R, Bach S, Mastino AS, Capobianchi M, Fais S, Pallone F, Colizzi Y; Department of Biology and of Experimental Medicines, II University of Rome, Italy
The role of mucosal immunity in HIV infection has been analyzed at the level of lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL). LPL were isolated from the normal colon-rectal mucosa by enzymatic treatment, and phenotypically characterized by flow cytometry. T cell mitogen (PHA, staphylococcus toxin,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:102 (abstract no. M.A.1040)
Dolei A, Serra C, Arca MV, Toniolo A; Institute of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Italy
To correlate the permissiveness to HIV of adherent cells to the expression of surface molecules. HIV-1 (strain HTLV-IIIB) was given to human diploid lung embryo fibroblasts and to other adherent human cell lines, either untreated or pre-treated with recombinant interferon (IFN) gamma. Modulation of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:102 (abstract no. M.A.1041)
Kaczmarski RS, Sutherland S, McManus T, Moxham J, Moran S, Mufti GJ; King's College Hospital School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, England
The pathogenesis of peripheral blood cytopenias in HIV infection is likely to be multifactorial. Proposed mechanisms include direct infection of haemopoietic cells or progenitors, stromal dysregulation of haemopoiesis, immune-mediated destruction and the myelosuppressive effects of drugs. Bone marrow abnorm
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:102 (abstract no. M.A.1042)
Balotta C, Veronese F, Lori F, Pal R, Gallo RC, Lusso P; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892
To establish a unified model for the study of the biology of divergent HIV isolates. Syncytia assay, p24 Ag capture, flow cytometry, sCD4 competiton assay. From the HIV-1BaL isolate, we obtained a biologically pure macrophage-tropic substrain, HIV-1BaL0, which is unable to penetrate PHA-act
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:102 (abstract no. M.A.1043)
Saggioro D, Panozzo M, Calabro ML, Callegaro L, Chieco-Bianchi L; University of Padova, Italy
To study the mechanism of monoganglioside GM1 induced CD4 down regulation in CD4 positive cells. 1) CD4 down-modulation was measured by flow cytometric analysis in T cell lines and in HeLa cells expressing a CD4 molecule defective for the cytoplasmic region; 2) HIV-infection in GM1-treated cells was
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:103 (abstract no. M.A.1045)
Toshio H, Maeda Y, Maeda M, Takatsuki K; Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan
Dysfunctions of local immunity are presumed to be prerequisite for systemic immunodeficiency. To obtain clues for the mechanisms of immunodeficient states in HIV infected individuals, we have asked whether a T cell line derived from novel T-lymphocyte population in the gastrointestinal tract could be infecte
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:103 (abstract no. M.A.1046)
Toniolo A, Serra C, Arca MV, Babudieri S, Dolei A; Dpt. of Biomedicine, University of Pisa, Italy
Adherent cells capable of expressing selected leukocyte markers were produced to analyze the relationships between surface receptor molecules and susceptibility to some lymphotropic agents. Somatic hybridization of human leukocytes with human epithelial cell lines (together with immunoselection) all
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:103 (abstract no. M.A.1047)
Butto S, McDanal CB, Greenwell TK, Streilein AF, Langlois AJ, Bolognesi DP, Matthews TJ; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 22710
The pathogenesis of AIDS remains incompletely understood. Although HIV causes a cytocidal infection of CD-4 bearing cells in vitro, this phenomenon alone is insufficient to fully explain the immunologic dysfunction associated with AIDS. In particular, the role of monocytes/macrophages is poorly understood. T
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:104 (abstract no. M.A.1048)
Orecchia A, Equestre M, Carlini F, Novello F, Federico M, Santoro R, Genovese D; Lab. Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma, Italy
To study the mechanism of interaction between HIV-1 and Central Nervous System (CNS) cells. Dysfunction of the CNS is a prominent feature of the AIDS syndrome. The precise role of the HIV in CNS dysfunction remains to be determined. For this purpose an in vitro model was established to study the mechanism of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:104 (abstract no. M.A.1049)
Magnus G, Halapi E, Wigzell H, Kiessling R; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
We have investigated the effect of soluble recombinant CD4 (sCD4) on the antigen (BCG) specific response of polyclonal T-cell lines or on T-cell clones derived from these. Some of the antigen specific clones could be suppressed in their antigen driven response by the addition of sCD4, while others, including the parent
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:104 (abstract no. M.A.1050)
Alcami J, Bachelerie F, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Virelizier JL; Unite d'Immunologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris
Tissue macrophages are probably the main reservoir for HIV in vivo. Chronic HIV replication in the macrophage lineage would be expected to result from the constitutive presence of nuclear NF-kB, the transcriptional activator of the HIV enhancer. However, in U937 cells, a myelomonocytic line highly permissive
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:104 (abstract no. M.A.1051)
Cayota A, Vuillier F, Scott-Algara D, Feuillie V, Dighiero G; Unite d'Immunohematologie et d'Immunopathologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
To study HIV replication in naive and memory CD4 T-cells, as well as, the role of different stimulatory pathways on viral replication, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 8 HIV-1-seropositive carriers (SPC) and 4 AIDS patients were positively selected into CD4+CD45RA+ and CD4+CD45RA- subsets using an EPICS
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:105 (abstract no. M.A.1052)
Mihoczy E, Mannhalter JW, Schramm W, Eibl MM; Immuno AG, Vienna, Austria
To compare viral replication in mononuclear cells (MNC) of HIV-antibody-positive (HIV+) and HIV-antibody-negative (HIV-) hemophilia patients (HP) after in vitro infection with HIV-1 IIIB. Long-term cultures of HIV-1 IIIB-infected PHA blasts were set up in IL-2-containing medium. Virus released into
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:105 (abstract no. M.A.1053)
Kiernan R, Doherty RR, McPhee D; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield Hospital, Victoria, Australia
To investigate the mechanism of inhibition of HIV replication in G1 (stationary phase) arrested HTLV-1 transformed MT-2 cells. Cells were arrested in G1 phase using 5mM hydroxyurea, shown by FACS analysis of DNA content & greater than 90% reduction of (3)H-TTP uptake. After 18 h pretreatment wit
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:105 (abstract no. M.A.1054)
Idriss H, Stammers DK; Wellcome Research Laboratories, Dept. of Molecular Sciences, South Eden Park Road, Beckenham, Kent, England
The reverse transcriptase (RT) of the HIV virus is an important target for anti-HIV drugs such as azidothymidine (Zidovudine). In addition to the RNA dependent DNA polymerase activity, RT also catalyse a DNA dependent DNA polymerase activity as a step in the formation of pro-viral DNA. The substrate activity
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:105 (abstract no. M.A.1055)
West A, Roberts TM, Kolodner RD; Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Examination of the HIV reverse transcriptase with respect to subunit structure, kinetics and processivity. The baculoviral expression system was used to make large quantities of the products of the pol open reading frame. Monoclonal antibodies were made against the reverse transcriptase and an immun
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:106 (abstract no. M.A.1056)
O'Brien MC, Mitsuya H; The Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
To study the effect of DNA demethylation on HIV expression in various infected cells. 5-Azacytidine (AZC) and its analog (dihydro-5-azacytidine, DHAC) were employed as agents that induced DNA demethylation. An HIV-infected T-cell line, ACH2, that produces a low level of HIV-1; a persistently HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:106 (abstract no. M.A.1057)
Restle T, Sczakiel G, Muller B, Pawlita M, Goody RS; Max Planck Institut fur med. Forschung, Abtellung Biophysik, Heidelberg, FRG
Reverse transcriptases (RT) are interesting targets for chemotherapeutic treatment of retroviral diseases. A detailed knowledge of the correlation between structure and function of this enzyme family is the prerequisite for a rational drug design. Due to the lack of suitable crystals for X-ray diffraction an
When studying the structure and function of HIV reverse transcriptase (RT), it is of special interest to compare the enzymes from HIV-1 and HIV-2, which are functionally closely related but show considerable differences in amino acid sequence. Besides comparison of structural and biochemical properties, we a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:106 (abstract no. M.A.1059)
Turpin JA, Meltzer MS; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA
Retinoids are potent mediators of mononuclear phagocyte differentiation. Since vitamin A is a dietary component, the effect of this compound on HIV replication is of interest. Blood monocytes were purified from PBMC by countercurrent centrifugal elutriation and cultured in medium with 10% human seru
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:107 (abstract no. M.A.1060)
Demirhan I, Chandra A, Hofmann D, Chandra P; Laboratory of Molecular Biology (ZBC) Frankfurt University Medical School, FRG
Transactivation of HIV-1 LTR is the most important event in the expression of structural genes. Our aim is to look for endogenous factors which affect this process in target cells (CD4 cells and macrophages) modulating the pathophysiological state of the disease. Jurkat cells or U937 cells were tran
The objective of the study was to examine the possible role of DNA methylation in the maintenance of HIV latency in cells of mononuclear phagocyte lineage. U1.1 cells, a clone of the human promonocyte cell line U937, which is chronically infected with the LAV strain of HIV-1, were obtained from T.M.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:107 (abstract no. M.A.1062)
DeVico A, Rahman R, Gallo R, Sarngadharan M, di Marzo Veronese F; Dept. of Cell Biology, Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Kensington, MD, USA
We became interested in the identification of the antibody binding domain related to the induction of RT inhibitory antibodies and in the characterization of the mechanism involved in this inhibition as a means of identifying RT domains important for enzymatic activity. RT specific immunoglobulins w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:107 (abstract no. M.A.1063)
Dedera D, Ratner L; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
This study was performed to define regions of the transmembrane protein (TM) involved in virus entry and syncytia formation. Site-directed mutations were made which altered the N-terminal fusion domain (F3, F6), conserved potential N-linked glycosylation sites and cysteine residues. Infectivity, rep
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:108 (abstract no. M.A.1064)
Wu JC, Warren TC, Adams J, Proudfoot J, Skiles J, Raghavan P, Perry C, Potocki I, Farina PR, Grob PM; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
A novel, non-nucleoside inhibitor BI-RG-587 inhibits HIV-1 RT (RT-1) with an IC50 = 85 nM. The interaction of this inhibitor with RT-1 was investigated. A tritiated azido-analog of BI-RG-587 was synthesized (3[H]-BI-RJ-70) and used to label RT-1 in the presence or absence of dGTP, template-primer, t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:108 (abstract no. M.A.1065)
Handa A, Takeuchi Y, Hoshino H; Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
Upon de novo infection of cells with retroviruses such as murine leukemia viruses or arian sarcoma virus, production of progeny viruses have been detected after cellular DNA synthesis and mitosis. On the other hand, in humans infected with HIV-1, syntheses of viral mRNA or viral proteins have been observed i
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:108 (abstract no. M.A.1066)
Seki J, Yamamoto A, Takeuchi Y, Hoshino H; Gunma University School of Medicine, Department of Hygiene, Japan
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has often been used as a solvent of many chemicals to be assayed for anti-HIV-1 activities. As we noticed that DMSO enhanced HIV-1 infection in vitro, we examined effects of DMSO and other so called differentiation-inducing agents on HIV-1 infection of T cells. MTT assay wa
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:108 (abstract no. M.A.1067)
Rodner B, Vinga-Martins C, Muller-Lantzsch N; University of Saarland, Dept. Virology, Homburg, FRG
Expression and functional characterisation of different forms of the HIV-1 integrase in the Baculovirus-system. The complete gag and pol reading frames and a clone representing the integrase of HIV-1, which is encoded at the 3 part of the pol gene, were expressed in the eucaryotic Baculovirus-system
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:109 (abstract no. M.A.1068)
Sato H, Martin A; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, USA
To compare HIV infections mediated by cell-free virus or cell-to-cell spread. We have compared the kinetics of virus replication following infections mediated by cell-free virus or virus producing cells, using Southern, Northern, and Western analyses. We also examined the effects of metabolic inhibi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:109 (abstract no. M.A.1069)
Geyer S, Epstein J; Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics, USA
The purpose of this study was to establish a quantitative in vitro test system for rapidly evaluating the effects of antibodies, drugs and cytokines on transmission of HIV-1. Indicator T-cell (H938) and monocyte (U38) lines (Felber and Pavlakis) were used to develop an in vitro test system. These ce
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:109 (abstract no. M.A.1070)
Corbeau P, Emiliani S, Olive D, Favero J, Dornand J, Devaux C; Centre de tri des molecules anti-HIV, CRBM, CNRS-INSERM, Montpellier, France
We have previously shown (1, 2) that monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for beta2 microglobulin, can delay HIV cytopathic effect in MT4, an HTLV1 immortalized T cell line, and, viral production by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC). The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:109 (abstract no. M.A.1071)
Taddeo B, Federico M, Titti F, Orecchia A, Saggio I, Carlini F, Verani P, Rossi B; Lab. Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
To define at which step superinfecting HIV replication is blocked in both producer (D10) and non producer (F12) HIV-1-infected Hut-78 cell clones exhibiting homologous viral interference (Federico et al., AIDS Res Hum Retr, 1989, 5: 385). D10 and F12 CD4-down-regulated HIV-1-infected Hut-78 clones w
Ribosomal frameshifting is essential for the expression of the catalytic proteins (Pro, RT, Int) of HIV-1. A defined sequence of the gag-pol overlapping region has been shown to be necessary for this specific process. We have developed an expression system which allows the quantification of frameshifting in vivo and in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:110 (abstract no. M.A.1073)
Antonelli G, Turriziani O, Capobianchi MR, Amicucci P, Di Marco P, Guamnu D, Riva E, Dianzani F; Institute of Virology, University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
To investigate the biological aspects of HIV-1 replication in HTLV-1 transformed cell lines. C8166 or MT4 cells were infected with several HIV-1 isolates at high MOI (1-2 TCID50/cell). Progeny virus as well as viral DNA, viral proteins, and % of infected cells were examined after one cycle of replic
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:110 (abstract no. M.A.1074)
Heindl B, Nitschko H, von der Heim K; Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Retroviral maturation requires activity of the virus encoded protease which processes the viral gag and gag-pol protein precursor. The HIV enclosed protease might be a suitable target for anti-viral therapy using inhibitors which block selectively the viral encoded protease but do not impair cellular functions. The pre
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:110 (abstract no. M.A.1075)
Baur A, Harrer T, Peukert M, Jahn G, Kalden JR, Fleckenstein B; Institut fur Klinische und Molekulare Virologie, Universitat Erlangen /Nurnberg, Loschgestr. 7, 8520 Erlangen, FGR
To study the antiviral activity of alpha-lipoic acid, a naturally occurring disulfide compound, that has been applied for years for the treatment of polyneuropathies and hepatic disorders. Acutely and persistently infected T-cells were treated with various doses of alpha-lipoic acid. Reduction of vi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:111 (abstract no. M.A.1076)
Drelich M, Wilhelm R, Mous Jan; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
The identification of the endonuclease active site of the HIV-1 integration protein (IN) by site-directed mutagenesis. Biochemical characterization and structure/function analysis of the IN endonuclease and integrase activities. Evaluation of active site mutations when introduced into infectious proviral clo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:111 (abstract no. M.A.1077)
Kozlov AP, Glebov AV, Traugott MN, Nikolaeva EV, Skadova VM, Malykh AG, Kurbatova TV; AIDS Reference and Research Lab, Leningrad, 193167, USSR
To study viruses infecting anti-HIV(+) persons in Lenigrad area. PBL isolated by Ficoll technique were incubated in presence of PHA and IL-2 . HIV presence was shown by antigen detection (ELISA) and electron microscopy. Viral nucleic acids were detected by PCR using primers to the gag and env region
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:111 (abstract no. M.A.1078)
Bawa N, Manjunath N, Shankar P, Rajamouli P, Broor S, Seth P; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
To develop a simplified non radio-isotopic Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and to use this method on HIV isolates from India . PCR was done using digoxigenin labeled uridine triphosphate in the reaction mixture, so that it could get incorporated in the amplified product. After 10 cycles, nitrocellul
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:111 (abstract no. M.A.1079)
Mekushinov K, Vassilev V, Beshkov D; Laboratory on AIDS, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria
To develop a high-sensitive and cheap test for screening of antibodies to HIV-1. We used a nitrocellulose membrane, adsorbed with HIV-1 lysate (DuPont), ten-fold diluted sera for testing and own protein A-gold conjugate. Our new step is silver enhancing with silver nitrate and chlorides of iron as r
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:112 (abstract no. M.A.1080)
Dragon E, Kung K, Wolfe L, Casareale D, Giron J; PCR Division, Roche Diagnostic Systems Inc, Fair Lawn, NJ USA
To evaluate a non-isotopic method for the detection for PCR amplified HIV-1 products using DNA isolated from 50 HIV-1 seropositive individuals (at various stages of infection). In addition, different methods of PBL isolation and processing were evaluated. PBL, isolated from blood using Ficoll-Hypaqu
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:112 (abstract no. M.A.1081)
Suiphon E, Vernet G, Dalbon P, Barin F; bioMerieux S.A., Marcy l'Etoile, France
To evaluate a new HIV 1 + 2 screening test developed on the automated immunoenzymatic system VIDAS on a panel of HIV-1 and HIV-2 positive sera. Plastic tips, used as the solid phase, are coated with 2 synthetic peptides corresponding to transmembranous proteins from HIV-1 and HIV-2. Sera or plasma a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:112 (abstract no. M.A.1082)
Ariyoshi K, Weber J; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
To compare the practicability and the implication of WB Tissue-Culture-Infectious Dose (TCID) in comparison with plasma TCID and PBMC TCID. HIV-1 levels were quantified simultaneously in heparinized whole blood, plasma and PBMC by limiting dilution analysis in 15 HIV-1 infected individuals at differ
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:112 (abstract no. M.A.1083)
Heimer R, Cadman EC, Kaplan EH; Dept. of Internal Medicine, New Haven, CT
Employment of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify HIV proviral DNA flushed from syringes returned by IV drug users participating in New Haven s Needle Exchange Program. Determination of HIV prevalence and incidence among program participants can be calculated and compared to estimates. DNA re
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:113 (abstract no. M.A.1084)
Eberle J, Seibl R; Max V. Pettenkofer- Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology Ludwig- Maxmilians- University, Munich, Germany
To develop an alternative assay for testing HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in cell culture supernatants, avoiding the disadvantages of the standard procedure (radioactive reagents, difficult handling, expensive equipment). In addition to deoxythymidine-triphosphate (dTTP), digoxigenin- and b
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:113 (abstract no. M.A.1085)
Reesink HW, Plaisier AD, van der Poel CL, Pietersz RN, Lelie PN; Red Cross Blood Bank Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
To establish the sensitivity of 2 new anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA s (Wellcome, Abbott) in a HIV-1 seroconversion panel. Two anti-HIV-1/2 3rd generation ELISA s employ recombinant HIV-1 core, HIV-1 envelope and HIV-2 envelope protein as coating antigen and as conjugate. A panel of sequential serum samples of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:113 (abstract no. M.A.1086)
Delord B, Ottmann M, Schrive MH, Errecart MJ, Ragnaud JM, Seigneurin JM, Fleury HJ; CHRU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
To compare the data of in situ hybridization (ISH), RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and p24 enzyme immuno-assay (EIA) for the detection of HIV-1 expression respectively in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and in plasma of infected patients at various CDC stages. PBMC of 25 patients (mos
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:113 (abstract no. M.A.1087)
Jackson B, Ndugwa C, Mmiro F, Kataaha P, Guay L, Ball T, Dragon B, Goldfarb J, Xu S, Kabengera S, et al; Case Western Reserve U, Cleveland, OH, USA
To determine the feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity of non-isotopic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for the detection of HIV-1 in Ugandan mothers and infants. PCR testing was performed on crude cell lysates of 42 Ugandan HIV-1 Western blot positive and 16 seronegative mothers and 55 o
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:114 (abstract no. M.A.1088)
Di Lorenzo A, Bergamini A, Perno CF, Rosci MA, Miceli M, Mannella E, Rocchi G; National Blood Transfusion Center of Italian Red Cross, Rome, Italy
To determine whether viral isolation from monocytes (M/M) of seronegative high risk subjects could be a valuable method for early detection of HIV infection. Blood derived M/M from 18 (6 males and 12 females) heterosexual partners of seropositive subjects previously involved in long term unprotected
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:114 (abstract no. M.A.1089)
Mannella E, Armignacco O, Mercurio G, Marinelli L, Di Lorenzo A, Bergamini A, Pezzella M; N.B.T.C. Italian Red Cross, Rome, Italy
To assess the prognostic value of HIV isolation from normal monocytes/macrophages (M/M) exposed to plasma of ARC/AIDS subjects. Blood derived M/M from a normal seronegative donor were obtained by five days adherence and then were cultured with plasma from 36 HIV positive patients (17 asymptomatic, 3
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:114 (abstract no. M.A.1090)
Evans M, Watts S, Wansbrough-Jones M; St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, England
To detect HIV within alveolar macrophages in vivo & to correlate with stage of disease. Induced sputum samples were obtained from controls (no known risk factors for HIV), asymptomatic HIV+ve individuals & AIDS patients. After mucolytic treatment, alveolar cells were washed, fixed in acetone
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:114 (abstract no. M.A.1091)
Van Gemen B, van Strijp D, Schukkink R, Beyer R, Huisman H, Koppelman M, Malek L, Lens P; Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands
The nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBAtm) technology was developed and tested using a HIV-1 model system and clinical samples. NASBAtm is an one step primer dependent isothermal amplification technique for both RNA and DNA templates. Amplification factors range from 10(6) to 10(9) depending on primer sets
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:115 (abstract no. M.A.1092)
Gorrino MT, Campelo C, Sarria L, Fernandez de Aranguiz A, Lardelli P, Suarez MD, Cisterna R; Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
PCR has been proposed as a method to identify infected patients or blood donors before seroconversion is detected or to assess the results when the question of infection in an individual is ambiguous by serological assays. An additional potential application of the method is the discrimination between HIV-1 and HIV-2 i
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:115 (abstract no. M.A.1093)
Costa Taveira N, Moniz Pereira J, Odette Ferreira M; University of Lisbon, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Microbiology, Lisbon, Portugal
To develop a simple, rapid and non-isotopic PCR-based method for the detection of HIV-1 DNA sequences present in the total DNA of PBMCs of HIV-1 infected individuals. Polymerase chain reaction was performed as described by Laure, F. et. al. (The Lancet, Sept. 3, 1988, pg. 538-540), using a mixture o
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:115 (abstract no. M.A.1094)
Palomba E, Gay V, Barberis E, Ciuti E, Perugini L, Nicola P, Tovo PA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Acid treatment (pH 2.5-3) of serum, dissociating immune-complex, improves p24 antigen detection in HIV-infected adults. This test may prove useful for the early diagnosis of perinatal infection, when high titers of maternal antibody are still present in the infant s blood. p24 antigen was assessed b
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:115 (abstract no. M.A.1095)
Brechot C, Chaput A, Montagnier L, Osmanov S, Milman G; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
Thirty international laboratories participated in the PCR evaluation of a panel of samples containing various amounts of HIV-1 DNA. DNA was prepared from the 8E5-LAV cell line containing one stabile HIV-1 DNA copy per cell. Specimens in the panel contained defined copy numbers of the 8E5-LAV DNA inc
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:116 (abstract no. M.A.1096)
Grankvist O, Bredberg-Raden U, Gustavsson A, Albert J, Albino P, Biberfeld G, Wadell G; Dept. of Virology, University of Umea, Sweden
To design and evaluate a nested primer PCR for the detection of HIV-2 DNA in clinical samples. A two-step-PCR with nested primer pairs from 4 regions was compared with a single-step-PCR with primer pairs from 3 regions, with or without hybridization on 17 HIV-2 isolates. 37 samples of blood mononucl
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:116 (abstract no. M.A.1097)
Cirillo O, De Maria A, Ferrazin A, Loy A, Gotta C, Terragna A; Clinica Malattie Infettive, University of Genova, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Italy
To determine whether and how an early treatment decision could be based on information obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of HIV-1 DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from children born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers. Children born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers wer
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:116 (abstract no. M.A.1098)
Mahmood N, Hay AJ, Hentschel C; MRC Collaborative Centre, Mill Hill, London MW7 1AD
Assay of the glycoproteins of HIV is useful in assessing HIV infection and in evaluating the antiviral activities of compounds in HIV infected cell cultures. Commercially available ELIZA kits have certain disadvantages in regard to cost and the restricted specificities of antibodies used. We have developed a novel assa
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:116 (abstract no. M.A.1099)
Pudney J, Anderson D; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Investigate effects of different fixatives on the ability of commercially available monoclonal antibodies (Mab s) to detect HIV-1 in wax embedded tissues. Jurkat cells infected with HIV-1b fixed in either unbuffered 10% formaldehyde (F), 2.5% gluteraldehyde (G), or a mixture of 4% paraformaldehyde a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:117 (abstract no. M.A.1100)
Fico C, Angarano G, Fiore JR, Di Stefano M, Monno L, Fracasso C; Pastore G., Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, Italy
To evaluate HIV-1 isolation from small amounts of whole blood (W.B.) in order to develop a technique rapid, effective and easily achievable in the clinical practice. We have studied 100 HIV-1 infected subjects (51 asymptomatics, 49 AIDS). HIV-1 isolation was attempted by using standard PMCs cultures
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:117 (abstract no. M.A.1101)
Chen H, Carbonari M, Sbarigia D, Cherchi M, Pesce A, Aiuti F, Fiorilli M; University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy
To determine whether: 1) in vitro activation of lymphocytes by polyclonal stimulation enhances the sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of HIV-1 sequences in infected-seronegative individuals; 2) in vitro production of HIV-1 specific antibodies occurs in infected-seronegatives. ME
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:117 (abstract no. M.A.1102)
Zhang LQ, Simmonds P, Ludlam CA, Leigh Brown AJ; Division of Biological Science, University of Edinburgh "Department of Haematology, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK
To develop a sensitive RNA PCR method to detect, quantify and sequence HIV-1 viral RNA directly from the plasma or serum of seropositive individuals and from factor VIII concentrate. HIV-1 viral RNA was extracted and DNAse treated prior to reverse transcription with HIV-specific anti-sense primers. T
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:117 (abstract no. M.A.1103)
Pahwa S, Abrams E, Paul M, Tetali S, Wang X, Pasieka R, Napolitano B; North Shore University Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, NY, USA
To evaluate a battery of tests for diagnosis of HIV infection in infants (CDC class P-O), born to HIV seropositive women. Methods included HIV culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) and of plasma; direct detection of serum p24 antigen by ELISA; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with SK38/
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:118 (abstract no. M.A.1104)
Garbarg Chenon A, Vendrell JP, Silvain A, Courpotin C, Serre A, Nicolas JC, Grimprel E, Bricout F; CHU St Antione, Paris
The diagnosis of HIV1 infection in infants born to HIV seropositive mothers is critical. In this study we have compared the results obtained by virus isolation in cell culture (VC), gene amplification (PCR) and in vitro anti-HIV1 antibody production (IVAP) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). 69 infan
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:118 (abstract no. M.A.1105)
Telenti A, Imboden P; Institute for Medical Microbiology; University of Berne, Switzerland
The use of internal standards in HIV PCR would fulfill two purposes: 1) Control of the efficiency of amplification for each individual sample, 2) facilitation of quantitative analysis of the results. We have constructed a new plasmid using gene splicing by overlap extension PCR techniques. This construct incorporates t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:118 (abstract no. M.A.1106)
Maniez M, Ferroni A, Dupressoir MV, Rouzioux C; Centre de Transfusion sanguine, Lille, France
The evaluation of sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of four HIV-1 antigens assays. MATERIAL AND The four assays were produced by Abbott Laboratories (A), Coulter Electronics Inc. (C), Diagnostics Pasteur (DP) and Du Pont de Nemours Co. (DDN). Eight laboratories have been involved in this
The evaluation of two techniques published in N.E.J.M. (Dec 14 1989) and having reported very different results in plasma viraemia quantitation. PATIENTS AND Seven labs of the working group were involved in the study. Plasmas and cells from HIV-1 patients at different CD4 levels were selected. The
To determine the number of proviral HIV-containing PBMC as an index of progression of HIV infection. HIV proviral sequences were amplified by PCR using gag primers, and P32 labelled dCTP incorporation. For the sake of calibration, known copy numbers of HIV-containing pBT1 plasmid were amplified. Usi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:119 (abstract no. M.A.1109)
Escaich S, Ritter J, Rougier P, Lepot D, Lamelin JP, Sepetjan M, Trepo C; INSERM unite 271
To study HIV replication in infected individuals by assessing cell-free virus production in blood. Two hundred and twenty eight blood samples from 154 HIV seropositive subjects were investigated for the presence of HIV in plasma, using normal PBMC as the target for replication. PCR was used in paral
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:119 (abstract no. M.A.1110)
Anonymous; France
1) To determine the specificity, the sensitivity and the reproductibility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect HIV DNA in different French laboratories. 2) To reach a consensus on conditions of PCR assay in HIV infection. Samples of frozen lymphocytes (8 to 10 x 10(6) cells per sample
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:119 (abstract no. M.A.1111)
Pepin JM, Simon F, Bartczak S, Gamba E, Matheron S, Dazza MC, Brun Vezinet F; Laboratoire de Virologie, Hop. Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
To study the frequency of retrovirus isolation from HIV1 and HIV2 seropositive patients Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) in relation to clinical status. MATERIAL: Between June and December 1990, 76 consecutive PBMC were collected from HIV seropositive African and European patients diagnosed by WB an
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:120 (abstract no. M.A.1112)
Dawood M, Allan R, Fowke K, Hammond G; Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
1) To develop sensitive and specific oligonucleotide primers and probes for the amplification of HIV-1 genome using PCR; 2) To test the developed oligonucleotides on HIV-1 positive and negative African and North American blood samples; 3) To compare Southern blot (SB) & liquid hybridization (LH) for dete
We have examined the possibility of using PCR analysis of coculture supernatants (Sups) for early HIV detection to permit repeat testing of valuable clinical samples which either have extremely small numbers of cells or run the risk of contamination when analyzed in long term cocultures for HIV p24 antigen b
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:120 (abstract no. M.A.1114)
Bernal A, Garcia Saiz A, Martin Fontelos P, Ortiz M, Perez Jurado ML, Pablos A, Najera R; CNBCR, MADRID, SPAIN
To correlate biologic characterization of HIV strains isolated from symptomatic children in prolonged zidovudine therapy with susceptibility to antiviral drugs. Isolation of HIV was attempted from heparinized blood, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from fourteen children. Kinetics of replication were
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:120 (abstract no. M.A.1115)
Buffet Janvresse C, Bertin C, Callens C, Coron D, Pons JL, De Matteis M; Ch.Nicolle Hospital and University, Rouen, France
Biological characterization of HIV-2 strains isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Senegalese patients from France (Haute-Normandie region). HIV-2 isolations were recovered from patients PBMC and cocultivated with an equal number of PHA stimulated human PBMC from seronegative do
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:121 (abstract no. M.A.1116)
Dewar RL, Sarmiento M, Lawton E, Clark H, Kennedy P, Shah A, Metcalf J, Lane HC, Salzman NP; Georgetown University, Washington, DC
To analyze various parameters that affect the successful isolation of HIV from the plasma of seropositive individuals. Whole blood samples collected in different anticoagulants were processed at various times after phlebotomy to obtain the plasma. Plasma was then used either fresh, or after a cycle
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:121 (abstract no. M.A.1117)
Chan E, Schulze W, Leuther M, Knigge K; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA
To develop tests for HIV-specific IgG, IgA, and IgM for the monitoring of individual immunological responses to HIV infection. Biotinylated goat antibodies specific for IgG (gamma), IgA (alpha), and IgM (mu) were used in a semiautomated immunodot blot assay - The Abbott MATRIX HIV-1/HIV-2 assay. RES
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:121 (abstract no. M.A.1118)
Simonon A, Vaira D, LePage P, Hitimana DG, Sondag Thull D, Van de Perre P; AIDS Reference Laboratory, National AIDS Control Program, Kigali, Rwanda
To determine the usefulness of double PCR for the diagnosis of perinatal HIV-1 infection. Two cohorts of infants born to HIV-1 infected (n=218) and to uninfected mothers (n=216) have been prospectively followed up for 2 years in Kigali, Rwanda . HIV-1 Western blot is performed on children s serum sa
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:121 (abstract no. M.A.1119)
Huisman H, Bruisten S, Koppelman M, Van Gemen B, Lens P, Klaassens R, Weigel H; Central Laboratory of the Bloodtransfusion Service, Amsterdam, NL
We evaluate the correlation of the detection of HIV by different nucleic acid amplification procedures with the detection of HIV-antibody, HIV-antigen and clinical parameters. Of 31 persons at different stages of HIV infection, simultaneously whole blood, cell-free plasma, peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC)
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:122 (abstract no. M.A.1120)
Ansotegui IJ, Lombardi VR, Scarlatti G, Plebani A, Boscherini B, Rossi P, Wigzell H; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
To establish a new method for detecting specific antibodies against HIV1-peptides. Synthetic peptides from different regions of the gp120 molecule were coupled to cyanogen bromide (CNBr)-activated paper discs. Based on the results previously obtained by HIV1-peptide ELISA, 100 positive and 50 negati
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:122 (abstract no. M.A.1121)
Ovcak S, Likar M, Drinovec B; Institute of Microbiology, Ljubljana, Yugoslavia
To detect whether viral DNA could be detected in the serum samples of infected people by use an in vitro DNA amplification procedure termed the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 22 sera of anti-HIV-1 positive asymptomatic individuals and 12 sera of patients with ARC or AIDS were evaluated. DNA was is
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:122 (abstract no. M.A.1122)
Bagnarelli P, Clementi M, Menzo S, Manzin A, Giacca M, Varaldo PE; Institute of Microbiology, University of Ancona
To define the diagnostic value of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the direct detection of (i) HIV-1 genomic RNA in plasma samples (HIV-1 viremia) and (ii) cellular specific viral transcripts in PBLs from HIV-1 infected subjects. Genomic HIV-1 RNA from plasmas and HIV-1 t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:122 (abstract no. M.A.1123)
Dourmashkin RR, O'Toole CM, Bucher D, Oxford JS; The London Hospital Medical College, London, England
To characterise cell tropism, morphology and infectivity of virus-like particles (VLP) in HIV infected and uninfected lymphoid cells. Lymphoid cell lines were grown in RPMI 1640 with 10% FCS (or serum-free medium). Cord cells were isolated by Ficoll gradient and grown in the same medium. HIV IIIb i
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:123 (abstract no. M.A.1124)
Honigman A, Israel S, Lawatti P, Vonsover A, Ulitzur S, Swisa M, Bentwich Z; Dept. of Molecular Genetics, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem
Develop an assay for active replicating HIV by transactivation of luciferase genes through HIV-TAT transacting polypeptide. The Firefly luciferase gene was fused to the HIV-1 LTR and introduced into human kidney cell 293, using the pZIPNEOSV(x) retrovirus vector. The basal expression of the HIV prom
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:123 (abstract no. M.A.1125)
Pieniazek D, Owen MS, Peralta JM, Krebs JW, Ferreira RF, Weniger BG, Pieniazek NJ, Schochetman G, Rayfield MA; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
The viral protease gene contains both conserved and variable regions of sequence that display significant differences between HIV-1 and HIV-2. The conserved elements of the gene are useful in diagnostic detection of proviral DNA and genotyping of HIV-1 and -2 infections, whereas analysis of the variable sequ
We carried out the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells DNA of newborns from infected mothers for an early detection of the provirus. The main goals of the work were: 1) to optimize the PCR conditions in order to obtain unambiguous results; 2) to assess the diagnostic value o
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:123 (abstract no. M.A.1127)
Nedjar S, Hewlett I, Biswas R; Lab. of Hepatitis and Lab. of Retrovirology, DTS, CBER, FDA, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
A rapid and simple method using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), was devised for the co-amplification and simultaneous detection of human immunodeficiency virus, type 1, (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) specific sequences in the same clinical sample. Genomic RNA was extracted from 13 blood do
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:124 (abstract no. M.A.1128)
Roques P, Vaslin B, Marce D, Dormont D; CEA and CRSSA, DSV/DPTE/SSA, Fontenay aux Roses, France
To compare the efficacy of 3 different polymerase chain reaction (PCR), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) culture, and coculture in the study of the virological status of asymptomatic HIV infected individuals. Patient Population: The cohort included 89 adults containing 16 well docu
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:124 (abstract no. M.A.1129)
Vignon D; Transfusion Center, Foch Hospital, France
Because serum Ag levels do correlate with the level of infectious virus in serum, Ag assays have been indicated for use of monitoring patients clinical disease progression and response to antiviral therapy. Moreover, progression to AIDS has been associated with a decline in anti-P24 levels, whereas antibodies to envelo
To develop a supplemental serological assay to characterize samples found reactive by combined HIV-1/HIV-2 screening assays. An HIV-2 specific envelope peptide and anti-human IgG were slot blotted onto one end of nitrocellulose Western blotted with HIV-1 viral lysate. The sensitivity and specificity
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:124 (abstract no. M.A.1131)
Alba C, Delgado R, Fuertes A, Ruiz CJ, Gomez CE, Noriega AR, Lopez AD; Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
The purpose of this work was to compare the diagnostic value of PCR and p24 antigen in blood from children born to HIV seropositive mothers. Patients were classified using CDC criteria for pediatric HIV infection. The group was very heterogeneous in relation to age at the time of the blood sampling
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:125 (abstract no. M.A.1132)
Niedbalski JS, Dahlen S, Braun B, Knigge K, Stephens J, Daluga C, Whiteside M; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064
A new semi-automated HIV assay (Matrix HIV-I/HIV-II) has been introduced as a Research Use Only product. This new assay system shows sensitivity and specificity to antibodies simultaneously against both HIV-I and HIV-II. Highly purified recombinant proteins (greater than 90%) of HIV-I and HIV-II are immobilized on a so
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:125 (abstract no. M.A.1133)
Sigari G, Losi E, Zernignan M, Arenare L, Brignole G, Wicks R, Cuneo Crovari P; Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Genoa, University, Genoa, Italy
The study was carried out in order to evaluate whether HIV detection in plasma can provide more precise information on the infection development in comparison with virus detection in lymphocytes (PBMC), with or without Zidovudine treatment. We tried moreover to verify the efficiency and the significance of H
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:125 (abstract no. M.A.1134)
Aberl F, Woias P, Koch S, KoBlinger C, Drost S, Wolf H; Institut fur Molekulare und Tumorvirologie am Max von Pettenkofer-Institut, Ludwig-Maximiliains-Universitat Munchen
During the last decade a new generation of sensors, the biosensors, has been developed for the quantitative measurement of biological substances. Application and specifity of a biosensor is determined by the recognizing biological/biochemical layer and the type of transducer. According to the transducer used, biosensor
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:125 (abstract no. M.A.1135)
Cassol S, Lapointe N, Salas T, Hankins O, Arella M, Fauvel M, O'Shaughnessy MV; Federal Centre for AIDS, Health and Welfare
To conduct a blinded, prospective study using PCR to identify HIV DNA in dbs samples collected from infants perinatally exposed to HIV. A total of 193 serial dbs samples from a cohort of 26 mothers and 44 children were tested for HIV-1 specific sequences using primers to env and gag. To determine th
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:126 (abstract no. M.A.1136)
Leonard G, Courgnaud V, Sangare A, Denis F, Brechot C; Virology department, CHU Limoges, France
To analyse serological HIV-1 and HIV-2 double profiles in different groups of population of Ivory Coast by mean of PCR. Individuals from groups representative of the general population and patients with AIDS or AIDS-like diseases were recruited in 1990-1991. Blood samples were analysed by EIA (Abbot
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:126 (abstract no. M.A.1137)
Dwyor DE, Saksena NK; Unite d'Oncologie Virale and Unite de Biologie de Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
More laboratories are starting to use the polymerase chain reaction as a diagnostic tool in HIV-1 infection. The major complication of PCR is the detection of false positive reactions, usually due to previously amplified PCR products. To investigate this problem in two laboratories that undertake HIV cultures, PCR and
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:126 (abstract no. M.A.1138)
Nelson R, Price L, Di Nicolo R, Halsey A, Day N, Lockey R, Good R; University of South Florida, Department of Pediatrics and All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg/Tampa, FL, USA
To assess the sensitivity and specificity of PCR for establishing the diagnosis of HIV infection in infants and children. Serial testing was performed on samples from seropositive and seronegative infants at risk for HIV infection and from seropositive children. PCR was done using the primer pair SK
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:126 (abstract no. M.A.1139)
van den Akker R, Vijge E, Meijer A, Mauser E, Borleffs J, van Loon A; RIVM, Lab. of Virology, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
To follow virological events in HIV seropositive hemophiliacs and homosexual men. 10x10(6) ficollgradient purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were incubated with three days-PHA stimulated PBMC from healthy donors. Twice weekly the culture supernatants were examined for viral p24 prote
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:127 (abstract no. M.A.1140)
Hillman K, Gruber MF, Kaufman J, Blackburn R, Manischewitz J, Norcross M, Golding H; Division of Virology, CBER, FDA, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
The mutagen EMS was used to derive mutants from the human cell line CEM. Several mutants, expressing significant number of CD4 receptors, and binding gp120, showed reduced susceptibility to infection with multiple strains of HIV-1 as judged by syncytia formation and RT assays. Quantitative PCR assays following infectio
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:127 (abstract no. M.A.1141)
Andreev SM, Mescherjakova DV, Azmuko AA, Khaitov RM; Institute of Immunology, USSR Ministry of Public Health, Moscow
To define the amino acids involved in IgG reactivity to five HIV-1 gp41 peptides overlapping the sequence 584-624, the method based on the chemical modification of three-functional amino acids, especially Lys residues, was suggested. The acetylation of LysE-amino group(pH 8-9) was used. The reactivi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:127 (abstract no. M.A.1142)
Khaitov RM, Mescherjakova DV, Andreev SM, Sidorova MV, Trubcheninova L, Vafina MG; Institute of Immunology, USSR Ministry of Public Health, Moscow
To investigate the serum reactivity of HIV-1 infected individuals with the set of the overlapping synthetic peptides derived from PND of the BRU and MN strains (3 peptides) and CD4-BR of the BRU (4 peptides); to evaluate the correlation between the presence of antibody response to PND, CD4-BR and the clinica
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:127 (abstract no. M.A.1143)
Slepushkin VA, Sidorova MV, Andreev SM, Melikyan GB, Chumakov VM, Manukyan RA, Grigoriev VB, Karamov EV; D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow
To investigate the influence of the structure of fusion peptides on their interaction with artificial lipid membranes. METHODS and Two families of peptides were synthesized. The C-terminus of the peptides from the first family was located at the glycine-532 of gp160 HIV(BRU str.) and they were assem
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:128 (abstract no. M.A.1144)
Debyser Z, Pauwels R, Andries K, Desmyter J, Engelborghs Y, Janssen PA, De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
The reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1 is present in virions and infected cells as an heterodimer (p66/p51). A new class of potent and selective HIV-1 inhibitors, the TIBO derivatives, was found to exert its antiviral activity by interacting in a unique fashion with monomeric HIV-1 RT (p66). We have now exa
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:128 (abstract no. M.A.1145)
Dennin RH, Beyer A; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Universitat zu Lubeck, Lubeck, Federal Republic of Germany
This study was projected to characterize the structures which immunologically behave an antigens (AG) of HIV-1 not denatured by detergents in the cell free supernatant of HIV-1-infected cell cultures as well as in serum/plasma from HIV-1-infected individuals. The special question raised here was to look for
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:128 (abstract no. M.A.1146)
Quinto I, Mallardo M, Ruocco MR, Squitieri B, Scala G; Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, 11 Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia Universita degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy
The aim of the present study was to analyse the molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of HIV-1 expression by mutagens in infected cells. We addressed the following questions: 1) Is the nature of DNA lesion relevant for triggering the activation of the viral RNA transcription? 2) Which cis-acting co
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:128 (abstract no. M.A.1147)
Kushch A, Gluchova LA, Shumay EP, Mamaeva SE, Nossik DN, Kalnina LB, Grabovskaya IW, Tugizov SM, Asjo B; The D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, USSR
We studied the effect of HIV infection on the karyotype of two highly sensitive to HIV lymphoblastoid T cell lines. The cell lines Jurkat-tat and MT-4 have been infected with BRU strain of HIV-1. Metaphase chromosomes were subjected to G-, C-banding and Ag-stained. HIV specific proteins was monitore
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:129 (abstract no. M.A.1148)
Slade A, Almond N, Szotyori Z, Jenkins A, Jones S, Kitchin P; AIDS Collaborating Centre, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Herts, UK
To characterise the sequence repertoire of the SIVmac251 (32H) isolate. This isolate was used to demonstrate protection of cynomolgus macaques against SIV by a fixed infected-cell vaccine (Stott EJ et al, 1990, Lancet 336; 1538-41). The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify SIV genes from th
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:129 (abstract no. M.A.1149)
Deacon N, Smith JM; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
As well as the three structural polyproteins, HIV-1 expresses at least 8 regulatory and accessory proteins encoded by singly and multiply spliced mRNAs. We have set out to characterise HIV-1 spliced mRNAs, the splice donor and acceptor sites used and the temporal expression of the different species. METHODS:
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:129 (abstract no. M.A.1150)
Materazzo M, McQueen PW, Delaney SF; Department of Biotechnology, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
To develop a hybridisation test to detect the HIV-1 genome and to distinguish between active and latent forms of the virus, conserved and unique sequences of the gag and pol regions have been cloned into the transcription vector, pGEM-3Z. pARV/7A, a recombinant plasmid containing the HIV-1 DNA genome cloned into pUC19,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:130 (abstract no. M.A.1152)
Turco MC, Lamberti A, Bisogni R, De Lorenzo F, Petrella A, Venuta S; Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, II Facolta di Medicina, Napoli, Italy
Our research goal is to demonstrate that the triggering of Class I HLA molecules on T-cell surface regulates cellular expression of genes controlled by kB elements at their 5 . These include HIV genes. Human primary T lymphocytes were transfected by electroporation with plasmid constructs containing
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:130 (abstract no. M.A.1153)
Pinter A, Honnen WJ, Shang F, Revesz K, Herz R; Laboratory of Retroviral Biology, Public Health Research Institute, 455 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016
To molecularly characterize cell surface molecules identified by monoclonal antibodies against the matrix protein of HIV-1, p17gag. Monoclonal antibodies against the matrix protein of HIV-1, p17gag, were isolated from rats which had been immunized with solubilized HIV-1 lysate. The affinity-purified
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:130 (abstract no. M.A.1154)
D'Souza ED, Cousens DJ; The Wellcome Foundation Ltd., Dept. of Molecular Sciences, South Eden Park Road, Beckenham, Kent, England
Structural studies on HIV Tat have in large been impaired by the inability to obtain sufficient amounts of native purified protein. All procedures reported to date for the purification of HIV Tat have relied on the use of strong denaturants and subsequent refolding of the Tat molecule. We report here the fir
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:130 (abstract no. M.A.1155)
Jeang KT, Berkhout B, Gatignol A; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
To study the mechanism of action of HIV-1 Tat. Standard molecular techniques were used. We will show that upstream promoter elements and the HIV-1 TATAA sequence play an important role in Tat trans-activation. We will present evidence that Tat trans-activation occurs during a kinetically br
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:131 (abstract no. M.A.1156)
Peden K, Fan L; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
To determine the phenotype of mutants of HIV-1 and HIV-2 with defects in the vif gene in order to investigate the role of the Vif protein in the life cycle of these viruses. Insertion and deletion mutations were introduced into the vif genes of infectious molecular clones of HIV-1 and HIV-2; in some
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:131 (abstract no. M.A.1157)
Vanden Haesevelde M, Decourt JL, Heyndrickx L, Vanderborght B, Saman E, DeLeys R, van der Groen G, Van Heuverswyn H; Innogenetics N.V. - Antwerpen - Belgium
The molecular analysis of the proviral DNA from a divergent HIV isolate (Ant70). The sequence data obtained allow the detailed study of the differences with known HIV strains and the determination of the position of this new variant within the HIV family. DNA from MT4 cells persistently infected wit
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:131 (abstract no. M.A.1158)
Pizzella T, Banerjee R, Giusti G, Acs G; Clinica Malattie Infettive, I Fac. Medicina, Universita di Napoli, Italy
The expression of HIV-1 is regulated by both viral and cellular proteins as well as the trans-activator protein tat, which binds to a cis-acting element TAR, located in the long terminal repeats (LTR). Our group has recently reported that HepG2 cells can support transient HIV-1 LTR-directed CAT gene expression in the a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:131 (abstract no. M.A.1159)
Dhar R, Toyama R; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
To study HIV-LTR promoter activity and trans-activation by HIV-1 tat protein in yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Yeast replicating vectors containing HIV-1 LTR-CAT and different deletions of the HIV-LTR promoter were transfected into S. pombe cells. In separate experiments, SV40 promoter transcribin
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:132 (abstract no. M.A.1160)
Frezza D, Santini SM, Migliacco E, Bach S, Boncinelli E, Colizzi V; Dipartimento di Biologia, II Universiti di Roma, "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
The aim of this project is to investigate the involvement of human homeogenes in T lymphocyte differentiation and whether HIV infection could modify their expression causing functional alterations. Homeotic genes were originally defined as genes controlling embryonic development in Drosophila. Homologous sequences were
DNA elements of HIV-1 putatively able to bind nuclear proteins have been identified by computer-assisted analyses using PC programs elsewhere described (1). By means of gel retardation and CAT activity assays we have identified a nuclear protein (X-B3) that specifically binds an HIV-1 tat-IVS region containing a DNA se
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:132 (abstract no. M.A.1162)
Marks JD, Wahren B, Gilljam G, Hinkula J, Winter G; MRC Aids Directed Programme, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
To clone and sequence the variable domains of an HIV-1 neutralizing V3 specific murine monoclonal antibody (Mab) and use them to construct a mouse-human chimaeric antigen binding fragment (Fab) and mouse-human chimaeric IgG1 isotype antibody. The most neutralization potent (Mab F58) of a battery of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:132 (abstract no. M.A.1163)
Taruscio D, Manuelidis L; Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
We analyzed the chromosomal integration sites of a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV). HERV is present in 50-100 copies in the genome and is related to MLV. Using high resolution in-situ hybridization, HERV integration sites were localized with respect to chromosomal bands containing high concentrations of Alu repeats.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:133 (abstract no. M.A.1164)
Edidi B, Behets F, Kambembo L, Tshebuye M, Kayigamba K, Brown C, Quinn T; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
To determine if antibodies to p27 nef can be detected before and at the time of seroconversion in a cohort of Zairian prostitutes. A cohort of 575 initially HIV seronegative prostitutes was enrolled in a counseling and STD treatment program. Blood samples were obtained from each patient every three
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:133 (abstract no. M.A.1165)
Boulanger P, Royer M, Gay B, Hong SS; Laboratoire de Virologie & Pathogeneese Moleculaires, Faculte de Medecine, 34060 Montpellier, France
OBJECTIVE & The functional domains of HIV-1 gag implicated in (i) its self-assembly, and (ii) its cellular localization, were determined using 8 recombinant baculoviruses (AcNPV) harboring various forms of full-length or truncated gag gene expressed under the control of the polyhedrin promoter. (i
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:133 (abstract no. M.A.1166)
Royer M, Boulanger P; Laboratoire de Virologie & Pathogenese Moleculaires, Faculte de Medecine, 34060, Montpellier, France
To determine the conditions and parameters for (i) high level expression, (ii) efficient self-processing, and (iii) proteolytic activity of recombinant HIV protease (PR) expressed in eucaryotic non-mammalian cells. Six recombinant baculoviruses (AcNPV-PR) expressing various forms of polyhedrin (PH)-
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:133 (abstract no. M.A.1167)
Tsunetsugu Yokota Y, Takebe Y, Saito T, Takemori T; Department of Cellular Immunology, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan
To study the biological function of the HIV-nef in HIV-infected cells. 1) The vector containing HIV-nef under the constitutive SRalpha promoter was constructed (SRalpha-nef). SRalpha-nef carrying frame-shift termination was served as a control (SRalpha-nef). These vectors were transfected to Hela-CD
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:134 (abstract no. M.A.1168)
Moosmayer D, Jung R, Petry H, Jentsch KD, Luke W, Hunsmann G; German Primate Center, Gottingen, Germany
The reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV is essential for virus replication and thus a potential target for antiviral chemotherapy. Large quantities of HIV RT are necessary to develop and evaluate RT inhibitors. The large HIV-1 RT subunit encoding region was cloned into the transfer vector p36-C (the c
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:134 (abstract no. M.A.1169)
Mitchell WM, Gabriel JL; Dept. of Pathology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
The molecular topography of gp120 is essential to understand the binding of HIV to the CD4 receptor, the association with gp41 and its fusogenic properties, and the role of N-glycosylation on conformation, infectivity, and antigenicity. Molecular modeling using a combination of energy minimization and molecu
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:134 (abstract no. M.A.1170)
Giacca M, Gutierrez MI, d'Adda di Fagagna F, Menzo S, Falaschi A; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology - Trieste, Italy
In the Negative Regulatory Element (NRE) of the Long Terminal Repeats (LTRs) of HIV-1, a dyad symmetry element CACGTG is located at position -166 upstream of transcription start site. This sequence is present as transcriptional element upstream of many eukaryotic and viral genes, including the Major Late Pro
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:134 (abstract no. M.A.1171)
Chandra P, Gerber T, Chandra A, Sarin PS, Pavlikov S, Sidorovitch I, Khaitov R, Ivanov V, Koziach A; Laboratory of Molecular Biology (ZBC), Frankfurt University Medical School (FRG)
We have shown that the biochemical heterogeneity of RT seen on iso-electric focusing is a unique feature of HIV-1 RT; RT purified from HIV-2, SIVagm, HTLV-1 and HTLV-II did not show this heterogeneity (FEBS-Lett. 197: 84-88, 1986). Our objective is to characterize the two species of HIV-1 RT separated on IEF
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:135 (abstract no. M.A.1172)
Ferre F, Lewis D, Marchese A, Wallace M, Beecham J, Duffy C, Gersten M, Burnett K, Jensen F, Carlo D, et al; Immune Response Corp.
To develop an accurate quantitative HIV PCR assay to assess the efficacy of the IRC HIV-1 immunogen in clinical trials. Quantitation was based on direct labelling of the PCR reaction and comparison with known amounts of HIV DNA (standard curve). One set of HIV primers was used (SK38/SK39) and one of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:135 (abstract no. M.A.1173)
Scala G, Mallardo M, Ruocco MR, Squitieri B, Venuta S, Quinto I; II Medical School, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
This study investigated the relationships between HIV and EBV, two viruses often clinically associated in AIDS patients. We have transfected DeFew and EW36 cells, two EBV-negative B lymphomas, with the pZip-EBNA2 vector, which carries the EBNA2 gene together with the G418-resistance gene. Stably DeF
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:135 (abstract no. M.A.1174)
Dayton ET, Konings D, Powell D, Shapiro B, Maizel J, Dayton AI; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Disease, NIH Bethesda, MD, USA
To determine which bases in CAR/RRE are involved in sequence-specific recognition by the elements of the REV axis of HIV autoregulation. We have devised a novel method of analysis called modified base-switching to design RNA target sequence analogues with secondary structures identical to wild-type
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:135 (abstract no. M.A.1175)
Psallidopoulos M, Newell M, Natarajan V, Lane HC, Salzman NP; Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
To determine the function of nef in the HIV-1 life cycle and to study changes in nef expression during the transition from a quiescent HIV infection to an acute disease state, associated with a pronounced decline in T4 cell counts. This activation from a latent viral infection to viral productivity is hypoth
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:136 (abstract no. M.A.1176)
Vasudevachari MB, Dewar RL, Stephens A, Psallidopoulos MC, Salzman NP; Georgetown University, Washington, DC
To study the structure-function relationship of envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1 made in wild-type and glycosylation mutant CHO cell lines. HIV 1 envelope glycoproteins were produced in wild-type and lectin resistant CHO cell lines infected with a recombinant human adenovirus which carries the HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:136 (abstract no. M.A.1177)
Mosca JD, Rosenberg Y, Perera P, White B, D'Arcy L, Ritchey D, Burke DS; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD
To examine the correlation between CD4 depletion and HIV expression. Chronically HIV-1 infected cell lines were established using virus derived from a molecular clone. Cell-free media from ten of these lines, in addition to a series of HIV-1 isolates, were tested on SupT1 cells to modulate the expre
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:136 (abstract no. M.A.1178)
Kienzie N, Muller-Lantzsch N; University of the Saarland, Dept. Virology, Homburg, FRG
Establishment of B-cell clones stably transfected with the nef gene for investigation of interactions of nef with cellular components. Using a transfection vector which contained the essential elements of EBV for episomal replication and the selectable hygromycin B marker, the nef gene of HIV-1 was
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:136 (abstract no. M.A.1179)
Grigoriev V, Escaig-Haye F, Fournier JG, Sharova N, Tugizov SH, Klimenko S; The D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Acad. Med. Sci., Moscow, USSR
The purpose of this study was to detect and localize HIV antigens and its RNA molecules simultaneously in infected cells during morphogenesis of virus at the ultrastructural level. Jurkat-tat cells chronically infected with HIV-I, strain A-899, were fixed and embedded in Lowicryl K4M resin with the
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:137 (abstract no. M.A.1180)
Benko DM, Unge T, Solomin L, Ciminale V, Tavernarakis N, Paviakis GN, Felber BK; Basic Research Program National Cancer Institute-FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA
To study the mechanism of activation of viral structural gene expression by the regulatory proteins Rev and Rex. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Rev, mutant Rev, and Rex proteins were expressed in bacteria, purified, and analysed for their ability to bind to the cis-acting Rev responsive element (RRE) and Rex-respon
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:137 (abstract no. M.A.1181)
Tavernarakis N, Pavlakis GN, Krambovitis E; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
To express the regulatory proteins tat, rev and the recently identified tev in bacteria for the study of patient immune responses to these proteins. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The proteins encoded by the tat and rev genes are necessary for HIV-1 replication and are currently the subject of intensive studies. We
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:137 (abstract no. M.A.1182)
Hoshikawa N, Masuko S, Yasuda A, Takayashiki E, Kojima A, Kurata T; Kosei Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
The gag precursor polyprotein of HIV-1 assembles spontaneously into retrovirus-like particles at the cell membrane. To clarify the critical sequence responsible for viral assembly, we constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses (RVVs) containing a variety of truncated gag genes of HIV-1. Oligonucleotid
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:137 (abstract no. M.A.1183)
Kojima A, Hoshikawa N, Yasuda A, Takayashiki E, Sata T, Kurata T; National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan
We have previously shown that the HIV gag polyprotein precursor is able to assemble into virus-like particle without other viral proteins. The N-terminal glycine of gag protein is myristoylated co-translationally. To investigate the functional significance of the modification, we deleted the glycine codon fr
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:138 (abstract no. M.A.1184)
Vinga-Martins C, Schneider T, Roenspeck W, Pauli G, Mueller-Lantzsch N; University of the Saarland, Dept. Virology, Homburg, FRG
Fine mapping of the major immunodominant epitopes of the HIV-1 and HIV-2 integrase proteins by synthetic oligopeptides and recombinant proteins. Overlapping decapeptides spanning the entire HIV-1 and HIV-2 integrase proteins were used as synthetic antigens in a pin-based oligopeptide-ELISA to test H
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:138 (abstract no. M.A.1185)
Schubert U, Morelle C, Hoffmann K, Hauser H, Schneider T, Pauli G, Porstmann T; Dep. of Med. Immunology, Med. School (Charite) Humboldt Univ. Berlin (HUB)
The 16 KD vpu(out) protein is only found in HIV-1 infected cells at very low concentrations. It is thought to be a phosphorylated membrane protein which has a positive effect on budding and assembling of the virus. We expressed the vpu-gene after isolation by PCR in E.coli as an unfused protein by using a two-cistron s
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:138 (abstract no. M.A.1186)
Steven A, Trus B, Booy F, Kaczorek M, Wall J, Hainfeld J, Eiserling F, Thomas D; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
With the aim of resolving enduring ambiguities as to certain basic molecular properties of the env glycoproteins, we have applied quantitative electron microscopy and image processing, including scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) of unstained specimens, to purified gp160 and gp120. Rec
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:138 (abstract no. M.A.1187)
Fazio VM, Rinaldi M, Catani MV, Ravagnan G, Metafora S, Manna C, Peluso G, Farace MG; Institute of Experimental Medicine, CNR, Rome, Italy
Our group has recently shown that spermatozoa can take up exogenous DNA which is transferred to egg cells at fertilization. Moreover, several reports have demonstrated that human spermatozoa bind and penetrate HLA-DR+ leukocytes. We report here that human spermatozoa can capture in vitro HIV proviral DNA, an
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:139 (abstract no. M.A.1188)
Misra M, Steven A, Booy F, Kocsis E, Wingfield P; National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
In order to understand how REV regulates the expression of the ENV gene by binding to the REV-responsive element of ENV mRNA, thereby inhibiting splicing, we are studying the properties of REV protein expressed in E.coli. We have found that, under appropriate in vitro conditions, purified REV polymerizes int
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:139 (abstract no. M.A.1189)
Epstein J, Joshi B, Lee S, Pollock L, Mayner R, Hewlett I; Laboratory of Retrovirology, DTS, CBER, FDA, Bethesda, MD USA
Introduction; We have evaluated the efficacy of the antiviral agents, AZT and recombinant interferon-alpha (rIFN-a) both singly and in combination, to inhibit the expression of HIV-1 at the nucleic acid level using PCR. H9 and U937 cells were infected with 10(4) infectious doses per ml of HIV-1 (IIIB strain).
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:139 (abstract no. M.A.1190)
Hewlett I, Joshi B, Riordan G, Lee S, Pollock L, Epstein J; Laboratory of Retrovirology, DTS, FDA, Bethesda, MD, USA
To evaluate the effect of chemical carcinogens on the expression of HIV in chronically infected monocytic cells. The chronically infected promonocytic cell line U1 is characterized by low constitutive HIV production, which is induced by phorbol esters (TPA) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a). Cells w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:139 (abstract no. M.A.1191)
Marcus-Sekura C, Woerner A; LDNAV, DV, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA, Bethesda, MD USA
To determine whether HIV-1 integrase (IN) (the viral protein required for integration of reverse transcribed virus DNA into the host cell genome), when expressed as a fusion protein in E. coli, exhibits properties expected of a biologically active molecule. Several IN expressing clones have been con
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:140 (abstract no. M.A.1192)
Le Naour R, Raoul H, Mabondzo A, Ripoll L, Barre-Sinoussi FC, Caire Y, Dormont D; SSA, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses
To determine 1) the consequence of HIV infection on the TNFalpha synthesis and regulation, 2) the relationships between HIV infection and the different activation stages of the HMM by analysing the expression of the 1-6 fructose-biphosphatase (1-6 FBPasc) gene, and 3) the capacity of the HIV infected HMM to
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:140 (abstract no. M.A.1193)
Earl PL, Moss B; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
To examine the assembly domain of the HIV-1 envelope (env) glycoprotein. Env protein was produced via infection of cells with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase gene and transfection with plasmids containing secreted forms of the env gene under control of a T
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:140 (abstract no. M.A.1194)
Vzorov A, Bukrinskaya A; Central Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians, Moscow, USSR
Noninfectious HIV-I virus-like particles were obtained by infection of CV-I cells with two vaccinia viruses containing gag and env genes respectively. It was important to know whether the particles were able to interact with lymphoid cells and to interfere with infectious virions. HIV-I produced by
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:140 (abstract no. M.A.1195)
Tachibana Y, Kojima A, Kobayashi T, Yasuda A, Sata T, Kurata T; NIPPON ZEON Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
As a more precise diagnostic alternative to the present analysis of HIV-1 p24, gp41, gp160, p66, p55, etc., in HIV-infected individuals, and to explore the possibility of the anti-HIV drugs which block the integration stage of the HIV-1 life cycle, we produced recombinant INT with both recombinant vaccinia v
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:141 (abstract no. M.A.1196)
De Ronde A, Klaver B, Keulen W, Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
To elucidate the function of HIV-1 3 -ORF in an environment mimicking as closely as possible its natural one. Six HIV-1 3 -ORF sequences were isolated from HIV-1 infected individuals by nested PCR and cloned in an HXB-2 molecular clone background. Chimeric molecular clones were transfected into T-ce
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:141 (abstract no. M.A.1197)
Pasek M, Burrus B, Crimmins M, Kirchhausen T, Liu T, Miatkowski K, Meier W, Turner S, Winkler G; Biogen, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
We have constructed heptameric CD4 molecules, CD4(1-187)-C4bp(4SCR), by fusing the N-terminal 187 amino acids from human CD4 to proline 248 at the amino terminal edge of the fourth short consensus repeat of human complement 4 binding protein. We have expressed this molecule both in COS and CHO cells. The polypeptide ch
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:141 (abstract no. M.A.1198)
Di Luca D, Secchiero P, Bovenzi P, Cassai E; Institute of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
This research focused upon: 1) the kynetics of HHV-6 transactivation of HIV LTR and 2) the interactions between HHV-6 and tat. The kynetics was studied in the human T cell line H938, containing the reporter gene CAT driven by the HIV LTR. The interactions between HHV-6 and tat were studied in clones
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:142 (abstract no. M.A.1200)
Petersen C, Gut J, Leech JH, Nelson RG; Parasitology Laboratory, San Francisco General Hospital and Departments of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
To clone the gene for a surface glycoprotein of Cryptosporidium sporozoites that is the target of a monoclonal antibody (Mab 10C6) that reacts with intracellular merozoites and the surface of sporozoites, causes shedding of the sporozoite surface coat and inhibits sporozoite invasion of Mardin-Darby Canine K
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:142 (abstract no. M.A.1201)
Cristiana C, Gringeri A, Macioce G, Vulcano F, Mariani G, Testa U, Bulgarini D, Mannucci PM, Hassan HJ, Peschle C; Dept. of Hematology-Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique was used to analyze the presence of HIV-1 sequences in DNA from two matched groups of 26 seronegative and 18 seropositive hemophilia A patients, equally exposed in the 1981-85 period to not virus-inactivated FVIII concentrates (greater than 75% of the batches coincid
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:142 (abstract no. M.A.1202)
Billich A, Mann K, Meier UC, Schramm HJ; Sandoz-Forschungsinstitut, Vienna, Austria
The specificity of PR is known from the cleavage of the multiprotein of HIV and from other cleavages. The prevalent opinion is that only extended inter-domain segments are cleaved. Since alpha2M contains an accessible bait region we used it to test this assumption. A second question was whether the C-termina
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:142 (abstract no. M.A.1203)
Billich A, Daube H, Mann K, Schramm HJ; Sandoz-Forschungsinstitut, Vienna, Austria
The specificity of PR is known from the cleavage of the pol-gag polyprotein of HIV and from other cleavages found in multi-domain proteins. Since PR may also act on cellular proteins, it is necessary to learn more about the conditions of specific cleavage. PK, a large multi-protein complex was used as substr
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:142 (abstract no. M.A.1204)
Wolber V, Rensland H, Brandmeier B, Wittinghofer F, Kalbitzer HR; Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, FRG
Biochemical and biophysical characterisation of recombinant nef (negative factor) gene product. The nef gene of HIV-1, isolate LAV1, was expressed in E.coli under the control of the tac promotor. The recombinant protein is found mainly in the soluble fraction of the bacterial lysate, therefore the p
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:143 (abstract no. M.A.1205)
Salminen M, Leinikki P, Ayehunie S, Johansson B, Strannegard O; HIV-Unit, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
To develop a phylogenetic tree analysis that can be applied to epidemiological and pathogenesis studies. Three primer nested PCR was used to amplify regions of HIV-1 from uncultured human white blood cells. The primers were selected from conserved regions of the gag and env genes. Biotin was incorpo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:143 (abstract no. M.A.1206)
Federico M, Taddeo B, Titti F, Carlini F, Orecchia A, Verani P, Rossi GB; Lab. Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
To demonstrate if a non-producer HIV-1 genome inserted in a retroviral vector and transferred in human CD4+ cells is able to inhibit the replication of a super-infecting HIV-1. An Hut-78 cell clone (F12) infected by a non-producer HIV-1 variant showed a complete resistance to HIV-1, HIV-2 or SIV sup
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:143 (abstract no. M.A.1207)
Carlini F, Federico M, Equestre M, Ricci S, Ratti G, Verani P, Rossi GB; Lab. Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
To correlate the peculiar features of a non producer HIV-1-infected cell clone (F12) (Federico at al. AIDS Res Hum Retr, 1989, 5: 385) with possible genomic mutations. F12 clone, in spite of the presence of an integrated full-length HIV-1 provirus, does not release virus particles and shows an altered protei
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:144 (abstract no. M.A.1208)
Crisell P, James W; Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, UK
To produce and analyse hammerhead-model ribozymes that cleave HIV mRNA; to establish optimum conditions for cleavage in vitro; to analyse the relationship between flanking sequence length and kinetic properties; to compare in vitro cleavage with anti-HIV activity in vivo. 22 bases corresponding to t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:144 (abstract no. M.A.1209)
Guo HG, Zagury D, Waters D, Jagodzinski L, Fitzgibbon J, Gallo RC, Reitz M; Lofstrand Laboratories, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
We analyzed a central portion of the env gene of a number of isolates of HIV-1 collected in 1987 from Kinshasa, Zaire and its surrounding regions. The env gene sequences were generated by PCR and included the PB1 loop, a region which is frequently recognized by type specific neutralizing antibodies in hyperimmune sera,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:144 (abstract no. M.A.1210)
Ou CY, Luo CC, Bandea C, Villamarzo Y, Moore JL, de la Torre N, Schochetman G; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
To facilitate sequence determination of HIV. HIV sequences from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of infected persons were first amplified through polymerase chain reactions (PCR). Small aliquots of the amplified products were reamplified using a second primer pair with extended sequenc
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:144 (abstract no. M.A.1211)
de Mareuil J, Salaun D, Kutinova L, Vonka V, Chermann JC, Hirsch I; INSERM Unite 322, Marseille, France
To elucidate a role of genetic elements localized in HIV1 NDK fragment BssHII/Spel (nt 255-1042) for HIV1 cytopathogenicity. Recombinant provirus molecules between HIV1 BRU and HIV1 NDK were constructed using conservative BssHII, Spel, EcoRI and Xhol sites. HIV1 NDK derived fragment BssHII/Spel was
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:145 (abstract no. M.A.1212)
Poulin L, Darveau A, Levy JA; Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval, Quebec, Qc, Canada
To analyze the function of HIV-1 nef gene product in the negative regulation of HIV replication. The HIV-1SF2 nef gene has been subcloned into a transcription vector and used to produce a nef mRNA. The generated messenger has then been translated into a micrococcal nuclease-treated reticulocyte lysa
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:145 (abstract no. M.A.1213)
Fossati I, Courgnaud V, Brechot C, Sonigo P; Institut Cochin de Genetique moleculaire
Presence of a stop codon that truncates the transmembrane protein (TMP) of HIV and SIV isolates has been described by different authors. The truncated form, in the case of SIV isolate has only been found until now, in vitro, after culture in human PBMC or human CD4 positive cells. As rapid high variants of H
To compare the nucleotide sequence of a lethal infectious molecular clone derived from isolate SIV/SMM-Pbj14 (Dewhurst et al) with the sequence of the original non pathogenic isolate SIV/SMM-9. SIV/SMM-Pbj14 was generated by mutation of SIV/SMM-9 after only one passage in vivo (Fultz et al). Entire
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:145 (abstract no. M.A.1215)
Berger J, Aepinus C, Dubrovnik M, Kreusel J, Fleckenstein B, Hauber J, Boehniein E; SANDOZ Resarch Institute, Vienna, Austria
HIV-1 replication depends on the expression of trans-regulatory genes (tat, rev) encoded in the 3 part of the retroviral genome. HIV-1 tat protein augments retroviral gene expression on a transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Rev is required for the cytoplasmic translocation of incompletely-spliced retroviral
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:146 (abstract no. M.A.1216)
Harrison G, Lever A; Communicable Diseases Unit, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London. SW17 ORE. UK
Determination of the secondary structure of the packaging signal of HIV-1. The full-length unspliced mRNA of retroviruses codes for the gag and pol genes and is also the species packaged as a dimer into the exported virion particles as the genome RNA. Sequences essential for efficient packaging of this RNA i
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:146 (abstract no. M.A.1217)
Zaides VM, Selimova LM, Klyushnik SY, Veselovskaya TV, Rikova LA; The D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moskow, 123093, USSR
The synthesis and metabolism of HIV-1 structural 35S-proteins in persistently infected cells were studied by pulse-chase protocol. The primary translational products, pr180 (gag-pol genes fusion protein), gp160 (env) and p55 (gag) were synthesized at the relative molar rates of approximately 1:50:80, and the rates and
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:146 (abstract no. M.A.1218)
Lin NH, Dropulic B, Graham K, Jeang KT; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
To study the potential of ribozymes as anti-HIV agents. Standard molecular biology techniques were used. Certain RNA molecules, called ribozymes, display enzymatic activities. Their unique secondary structure and sequence enable highly specific cleavage reactions. Two classes of ribozymes w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:146 (abstract no. M.A.1219)
Ongradi J, Ceccherini-Nelli L, Pistello M, Specter S, Friedman H, Bendinelli M; Institute of Microbiology, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
A potentiating effect, likely of the early gene products, of heterogeneous coinfections by several viruses, among them human herpesvirus type 6 /HHV-6/ (cytopathic on permissive cells such as CD4+ lymphocytes) on HIV-1 replication is well documented in vitro: leading to enhanced transcription, antigenic expression and
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:147 (abstract no. M.A.1220)
Estevez ME, Pittis G, Iannitelli P, Planes N, Pirola D, Sen L; Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Previously we found that peripheral blood monocytes from HIV infected individuals have an impairment to lyse candidas with a reduction in the generation of toxic oxygen metabolites. The aim of the study was to evaluate the monocytic lysophagosome fusion, as a previous step of the oxygen independent microbici
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:147 (abstract no. M.A.1221)
Stein Z, Abrams E, Just J, Louis L, Nicholas S, King MC; HIV Center for Clinical & Behavioral Studies, NYS Psychiatric Institute & Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
To search for associations between clinical manifestation of illness and genotype of candidate sequences among infants found with active HIV infection following maternal transmission of the virus. 40 Black American infants infected through the maternal route, all with established HIV infection, were
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:147 (abstract no. M.A.1222)
Shattock R, Friedland JS, Griffin GE; Division of Communicable Diseases, Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE, England
HIV infects human macrophages and may remain latent for years before development of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). We have investigated the possibility that phagocytosis of a pathogen, in particular M. tuberculosis known to be important in clinical AIDS, leads to activation of HIV. D
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:147 (abstract no. M.A.1223)
Wood C, Geng Y, Balachandran N; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) is a recently isolated lymphotropic herpes virus. HHV-6 can productively co-infect HIV-infected CD4+ T cells. It has been demonstrated that co-infection by both viruses can lead to accelerated cytopathic effects when compared to HIV or HHV-6 infection alone. The objective of the
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:148 (abstract no. M.A.1224)
Campadelli-Fiume G, Boscaro A, Di Gaeta S, Foa-Tomasi L; The Section of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
To characterize HHV6 glycoproteins and to infer their functions through the production of MAbs. BALB/c mice were immunized with lysates of cord blood lymphocytes infected with HHV6(U1102). Antibody secreting hybridomas were identified by ELISA and IFA. The reactive proteins were characterized by imm
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:148 (abstract no. M.A.1225)
Politch J, Martinez A, Abbott A, Mayer K, Padian N, Seage G, O'Brien T, Horsburgh C, Anderson D; Harvard Univ., Boston MA
Seminal white blood cells (wbc) have been implicated as vectors in the sexual transmission of HIV-1. The purpose of this study was to characterize wbc in semen from HIV-1 seropositive men, and to determine if wbc types, concentrations and/or activation status are associated with a positive HIV-1 semen cultur
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:148 (abstract no. M.A.1226)
Cambiaggi C, Ramarli D, Mantero G, Primi D, Tridente G, Accolla RS; Istituto di Scienze Immunologiche e Servizio di Immunopatologia, Universita di Verona, Policlinico Borgo Roma, Verona, Italy
The HIV specific receptor is the CD4 molecule. However CD4 is necessary but not sufficient for virus full infecting capacity as demonstrated by the fact that not all CD4- cells in HIV+ individuals are infected and that murine cells transfected with human CD4 bind the virus but do not get infected. This suggests that ot
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:148 (abstract no. M.A.1227)
Ceccherini-Nelli L, Torelli G, Marasca R, Luppi M, Pistello M, Ghilarducci R, Batoni G, Cecconi N, Panicucci F, Bendinelli M; University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
To assess the degree of association of HHV6 active infection with Hodgkin s (Hg) and non Hodgkin s (nHg) lymphomas and with HIV-infected hemophilic patients: HHV6 has been proposed as a potential cofactor in the onset and/or development of these lymphoproliferative disorders and of AIDS. Sera from 9
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:149 (abstract no. M.A.1228)
Natoli G, Balsano C, Avantaggiati MI, De Marzio E, Elfassi E, Levrero M; Fond. A. Cesalpino - 1 Clinica Medica - University of Rome - Italy
HBV might act as a cofactor in the development and/or progression of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of this study is to understand the molecular basis of the interaction between HBV and HIV. We performed several cotransfection experiments in which plasmid vectors expressing t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:149 (abstract no. M.A.1229)
Zmudzka BZ, Beer JZ, Olvey KM, Strickland AG, Lee W, Jacobs ME; Food and Drug Administration, HFZ-114, Rockville, MD 20857, USA
Several laboratories reported that HIV is activated by ultraviolet radiation (UV). We evaluated the HIV-activating potential of radiation exposures used in dermatology, oncology, in experimental AIDS treatment, for experimental blood product cleansing, and in cosmetology. Such exposures involve ultraviolet r
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:149 (abstract no. M.A.1230)
Gallicchio V, Hughes N; Lucille P. Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA
To investigate the capacity of G-CSF and M-CSF to ameliorate the hematopoietic toxicity associated with zidovudine following co-culture studies with human bone marrow cells in vitro. Adherent and T-cell depleted normal human bone marrow cells were incubated in vitro either in the presence or absence
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:149 (abstract no. M.A.1231)
Manzin A, Bagnarelli P, Menzo S, Valenza A, Pauri P, Carloni G, Clementi M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Ancona
To verify whether presence of hepatitis B virus DNA in PBLs of HIV-1 infected patients correlates with transcriptionally active HIV-1 infection. DNAs and RNAs were extracted from nuclei and cytoplasmic fractions, respectively, of PBLs from 5 ml of blood of HIV-1 seropositive individuals. HBV DNA seq
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:150 (abstract no. M.A.1232)
Dolei A, Serra C, Mattana A, Juliano C, Arca MV, Cappuccinelli P; Institute of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Italy
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility that Trichomonas vaginalis (T.v.), responsible for a worldwide diffused sexually-transmitted disease, may behave as a carrier for heterosexual transmission of HIV infection. To this purpose in vitro experiments were devised in order to study the interacti
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:150 (abstract no. M.A.1233)
Ottmann M, Innocenti P, Morand P, Seigneurin JM; Laboratoire de Virologie, Faculte de medecine, Grenoble, France
To study HIV and EBV interactions, by investigating both virus replication in in vitro HIV superinfected EBV positive Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines (LCL). Seven spontaneous LCL from HIV seropositive individuals were infected in vitro with two different strains of HIV-1 (HIVLAV-Bru and a strain isolated
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:150 (abstract no. M.A.1234)
Hoffner SE, Kallenius G, Koivula T, Rydgard KJ, Valentin A, Asjo B, Ljungh C, Svenson SB; National Bacteriological Laboratory, S-105 21 Stockholm, Sweden
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium infections are common in AIDS patients and result in a reduced life expectancy. Human monocytes/macrophages are important target cells both for HIV and M avium. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the interaction of M avium and HIV-1 in human macrophages. MET
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:150 (abstract no. M.A.1235)
Ranger S, Weinbreck P, Sangare A, M'Boup S, Souquiere S, Denis F; Virology Department, CHU Limoges, France
HHV-6 was first thought to be a cofactor in disease caused HIV infection, then it was shown to suppress near totally the replication of HIV-1. To examine the differences in expression of HHV-6 in HIV-1 or 2 antibody positive individuals with or without clinical manifestation, in Africa and Europe. MATERIAL A
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:151 (abstract no. M.A.1236)
Cinatl J, Cinatl J, Rabenau H, Geis H, Mainke M, Kornhuber B, Doerr HW; Centre of Hygiene, Department of Medical Virology, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt a. Main
In the course of the last two years we have isolated several acyclovir-resistant mutants of HSV from patients with AIDS. Only recently, we obtained HSV type 1 isolates from two patients with AIDS and reccurent HSV type 1 infection, manifested by progression of mucocutaneous HSV lesions despite therapy with acyclovir. I
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:151 (abstract no. M.A.1237)
Mikovits JA, Lohrey N, Schuloff R, Ruscetti F; B CDP, PRI/Dyn Corp, NCI/FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA
To investigate the role of immunological stimuli in the activation of HIV expression from latently infected monocytes/macrophages from HIV infected patients. A latently infected (no RNA expression) monocytoid cell line, THP-1, and freshly isolated adherent monocytes from asymptomatic seropositive in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:151 (abstract no. M.A.1238)
Goswami K, Tedder R, Hamel D, Harrison M, Daniels R; University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify HIV-1 sequences in CSF and serum samples. Briefly, total RNA was extracted from these samples and reverse transcribed using either random primers or the antisense primer. The resulting cDNA was amplified in a first round PCR with outer primers. In nested
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:151 (abstract no. M.A.1239)
Cohen D, Tani Y, Welchlin-Bouadjemi H, Samelson LE, Lane HC; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
Tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular substrates is a key event regulating T cell growth, and it is abnormal in an animal model (MRL lpr mouse) of dysfunctional T cell development. The mechanisms by which HIV-1 infection leads to CD4+ T cell depletion and paralysis of antigen specific helper cell proliferatio
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:152 (abstract no. M.A.1240)
Re Maria C, Zauli G, Visana G, Furlini G, Vignoli M, Gugliatta L, La Placa M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
In this work the effect of HIV-1 and envelope glycoprotein gp120 on the in vitro growth of enriched (CD34+) hematopoietic progenitors was investigated in liquid and semisolid cultures. 25 bone marrow samples, obtained from consenting healthy donors, were enriched (up to 95-99%) in CD34+ cells. Enric
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:152 (abstract no. M.A.1241)
O'Shea S, Rostron T, Singh NB, Banatvala JE; Virology Department, UMDS, St. Thomas' Campus, London, United Kingdom
Quantitation of HIV in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and correlation with clinical, virological and immunological status. PBMC were obtained from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients and serial dilutions co-cultured with cord blood cells. Viral titres were expressed as a tissue culture
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:152 (abstract no. M.A.1242)
Stroud S, Salvato P, Thompson C, Morrow J, Ragsdale D, Kotarba J; Houston Immunological Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
To describe the role of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of HHV6 infection in HIV disease. The sample consisted of 100 subjects from a population of 4,000 (50% HIV+) patients in an internal medicine practice. HIV+ (n=38), ARC (n=31) and AIDS (n=31) patients had DNA viral sequences (P
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:152 (abstract no. M.A.1243)
Mammano F, De Rossi A, Pasti M, Ometto L, Giaquinto C, Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Italy
Study of HIV-1 copy number in PBMC in vivo, and in vitro cell tropism, replication rate and transactivation activity of HIV isolates from perinatally infected children, to correlate virologic properties with disease outcome. HIV-1 copy number was determined by direct PCR in lysed patient cells using
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:153 (abstract no. M.A.1244)
Fenyo EM, Putkonen P, Albert J, Ohman P, Biberfeld G; Dept. of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
To study the biologic and antigenic properties of simian immunodeficiency (SIV sm) isolates obtained throughout the entire course of infection, from day 12 postinfection until death from immunodeficiency. Biologic characterization involved tests for replicative capacity of SIV sm isolates in human b
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:153 (abstract no. M.A.1245)
Kiernan R, Doherty RR, McPhee D; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
To achieve single step growth kinetic for HIV in order to understand the mechanism of cell killing. HTLV-1 transformed MT-2 cells were infected at 100 pfu/cell with HIV-1 and equivalent inactivated virus, both derived from infection of MT-2 cells: Replication was assessed by RT activity, MT-4 plaque
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:153 (abstract no. M.A.1246)
Burk RD, Fleming I, Ho GY, Klein RS; Albert Einstein College of Med. Bronx, NY, USA
Previous studies indicate that HIV immunosuppressed women are especially vulnerable to cervicovaginal infection with and neoplastic manifestations related to HPV . To understand the pathologic basis of these events, we have investigated the natural history of cervical HPV infection in a group of women at ris
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:153 (abstract no. M.A.1247)
Masquelier B, Delord B, Sallafranque-Andreola ML, Tarrago-Litvak L, Fleury HJ; Universite de Bordeuax II, Bordeaux, France
To characterize the in vitro properties of two HIV-1 isolates from a patient receiving long-term treatment with zidovudine (ZDV). Two HIV-1 isolates were obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient treated for more than one year with ZDV. They were then grown in CEM cells (a T-
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:154 (abstract no. M.A.1248)
Malamud D, Davis C, Roth E, Friedman H; Univ. of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine and Medicine, Phila. Pa USA
Previous reports have suggested that incubation of HIV in human whole or submandibular saliva inhibited infection of human lymphocytes. Our studies were designed to confirm and extend the findings of Fox et al to gain insight into the specificity and mechanism of the anti-HIV effect of saliva. Stimulated whole, parotid
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:154 (abstract no. M.A.1249)
Lacroix F, Fillion LG, Fan Z, Zhao D, Izaguirre C; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
To determine the effect of HIV-1 infection on the accessory cell function of monocytes. Accessory cell function was measured by the ability of monocytes to restore PHA and soluble anti-CD3 induced blastogenesis of highly purified and monocyte depleted (less than 0.5%) resting T-cells. Monocytes were
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:154 (abstract no. M.A.1250)
Weeks BS, Klotman ME, Kleinman HK, Yamada KM, Klotman PE; Lab of Develop. Biology, NIDR, Bethesda, MD, USA
Specific tissue targeting of virally infected cells or viral proteins may play a role in HIV-1 pathogenesis. Therefore, we examined the effects of viral infection on the expression of receptors involved in cell adhesion to basement membrane components. PHA-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PB
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:154 (abstract no. M.A.1251)
Morton WR, Schmidt AM, McCLure J, Gale M, Kuller L, Hu SL; Regional Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
HIV-2 has a high degree of homology to the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), shown to cause AIDS in several species of nonhuman primates. We have identified 2 subgroups of HIV-2 that have differing degrees of cytopathogenicity to macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. In this study, we will com
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:155 (abstract no. M.A.1252)
Tornatore CS, Major EO; Section on Molecular Virology and Genetics, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD USA
HIV-1 infection in the brain results in an encephalopathy which affects the function of neural and glial cells. To study the direct affect of HIV-1 on glial cells we have established a model of HIV-1 persistently infected human brain cells in culture. Experiments are described which identify several cytokine
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:155 (abstract no. M.A.1253)
Bron C, Jendis J, Loeliger S, Bachi T, Schupbach J; Swiss National Center for Retroviruses, Institute for Immunology and Virology, Zurich, Switzerland
To develop techniques using single HIV-infected cells for directed immunocytochemical studies and 3D immunoelectron microscopic quantification. Computer Aided Volumic Ultra Microscopy (CAVUM) takes advantages of correlative photon to electron microscopy and allows the 3D reconstruction and morphomet
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:155 (abstract no. M.A.1254)
Su-Ling L, Kaaya EE, Putkonen P, Feichtinger H, Parravicini C, Ekman M, Biberfeld P; Immunopathology Lab., Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
To study the pathology of SIV infection in cynomolgus monkeys as a model of AIDS in man. 28 monkeys were infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsmm3, from Dr. P. Fultz and McClure, Yerkes Primate Center, USA). Histopathological including immunohistochemical changes were studied in biopsies
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:155 (abstract no. M.A.1255)
Bakker LJ, Nottet HS, de Graaf L, de Vos NM, Van Strijp JA, Visser MR, Verhoef J; Eijkman-Winkler Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
OBJECTIVE and Infection of mononuclear phagocytes with HIV-1 can be enhanced by complement, as has been shown by several investigators. In a previous report, we demonstrated that HIV-1 binding to human monocytes is increased by complement (Bakker et al, VI Int. AIDS Conf., F. A. 311). In the present study the
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:156 (abstract no. M.A.1256)
Romano N, Bonura F, Russo AD, Vitale F, Ferraro D; Dipartimento di Igiene a Microbiologia, University of Palermo, Italy
The possibility that primary cultures of astrocytes of rats might be a suitable experimental model to study HIV replication in cells of glial origin was assessed. Mixed glial cell cultures were prepared from dissociating cerebral cortex of 1 to 2-d-old rat pups. The astrocytes were separated from th
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:156 (abstract no. M.A.1257)
Russo Alesi D, Bonura F, Vitale F, Romano N, Farinelli V, Bruno M; Dipartimento di Igiene e Microbiologia, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
The possibility that isolates of HIV-1 from the brain may constitute a special group of AIDS virus was assessed. Paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) HIV-1 strains were isolated from 10 AIDS patients in human blood mononuclear cells (HBMC). Primary monocyte cultures, monocyte-l
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:156 (abstract no. M.A.1258)
Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Nguyen T, Insixiengmay P, Fahey JL; UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles. CA 900424-1747
We have earlier shown that HIV proteins induce a partial suppression of the early steps of lymphocyte activation including inositol phospholipid metabolism leading to reduced cell proliferation (J. Immunol. Hofmann et al 1990). The aim of this study was to further identify steps of lymphocyte activation supp
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:156 (abstract no. M.A.1259)
Boothman J, Marshall J, Colvin A, Sonza S, Crowe SM; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research and Virology, Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
To define at an electron microscopic level the cell fusion process between HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected mphi with uninfected CD4-bearing T lymphoblastoid cells (VB). Mphi were isolated from HIV-seronegative donors via density centrifugation and glass adherence and cultured in suspension in RPMI-1640/10%
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:157 (abstract no. M.A.1260)
Lightfoote MM, Bailey JM; Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health
To determine the importance of cellular factors on HIV reverse transcriptase activity, and to determine if these factors vary among cell types, influencing the efficiency of the viral enzyme. RNA-protein complexes isolated from infected or uninfected cells were identified on agarose gels. Further an
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:157 (abstract no. M.A.1261)
Trujillo JR, Gomez-Lucia E, Lee TH, Essex M; Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Whether or not retroviruses play a direct or indirect role in myopathy is unclear. The objective of this work is to compare and study in vitro the role of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 infection on muscle cells. We used 5 strains of HIV-1 and 5 strains of HTLV-1 for infection of two muscle cell lines (A-204, HSM
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:157 (abstract no. M.A.1262)
Grunow R, Valentin A, Fenyo EM, Wahren B, Jondal M; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
In the serum of most HIV infected persons a significant increase of viral p24 core protein is detectable with the development of the AIDS. The aim was to study whether the p24 is the result of degradation of virus particles or infected cells, or whether p24 could be released as non-virion proteins from livin
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:157 (abstract no. M.A.1263)
Pal R, di Marzo Veronese F, Nair B, Sarngadharan M; Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Kensington, Maryland, USA
To study the heterogeneity in the N-linked oligosaccharide structures of gp120 synthesized in chronically infected Molt3 cells. Metabolically labeled HIV-1 glycoprotein was immunoprecipitated from chronically infected cells and the immunoprecipitates were digested with endo H to probe mannose-rich o
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:158 (abstract no. M.A.1264)
Niphuis H, Heeney JL; ITRI-TNO, Dept. of Chronic and Infectious Diseases, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
Various strains of the HIV-2 related SIVsm group of primate lentiviruses have different pathogenic properties in Macaca mulatta. SIVBK28 is a relatively non-pathogenic and non-viremic strain causing persistent infection with a strong persistent immune response. To determine if prior infection with a minimall
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:158 (abstract no. M.A.1265)
Heeney JL, Miedema F, Niphuis H; ITRI-TNO, Dept. of Chronic and Infectious Diseases, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) induces an AIDS like syndrome in rhesus macaques similar to HIV in man. Immunological abnormalities can be demonstrated in macaques infected with SIV similar to man infected with HIV. Chimpanzees infected with HIV-1 show no signs of immunosuppressive disease development to date. In H
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:158 (abstract no. M.A.1266)
Pugliese O, Luzzati AL, Giacomini E, Giordani L, Camponeschi B, Chersi A, Evangelista M; Dept. of Immunology, Ist. Superiore de Sanita, Rome, Italy
We have previously shown that a 20 aminoacids peptide (aa 218-237) of p24 is able to block antigen-specific responses in vitro. Objective of the present study is a better definition of the responsible epitope. Peptides, corresponding to progressively shorter sequences in the 218-238 region of p24, w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:158 (abstract no. M.A.1267)
Yoshitatsu S, Prince AK; Laboratory of Neuroscience, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Impaired transmembrane signalling by HIV proteins may contribute substantially to the alterations in immune responsiveness in HIV-infected individuals. To investigate the mechanisms responsible for immune suppression produced by viral products, the effects of HIV-gp 120 on signal transduction in a variety of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:159 (abstract no. M.A.1268)
Di Rienzo AM, Petronini PG, Guetard D, Favilla R, Borghetti AF, Montagnier L, Piedimonte G; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
We have observed that the mitotic index of CD4+ cell lines (CEM and U937) is significantly increased when the cells are infected by purified HIV preparations suggesting that the virus alone could be endowed with mitogenic activity. This presumptive virus-induced mitogenic activity and its possible involvemen
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:159 (abstract no. M.A.1269)
Petronini PG, Di Rienzo AM, Urbani S, Guetard D, Borghetti AF, Piedimonte G; Instituto di Patologia Generale, Universita di Parma, Parma, Italy
The pathogenetic mechanism of lytic viruses usually involves a large domination of host protein synthesis. In contrast, during the life cycle of a typical retrovirus only little interference with the cell biosynthetic machinery occurs. It has been suggested that the retrovirus HIV takes over the cellular mac
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:159 (abstract no. M.A.1270)
Layne S, Merges M, Dembo M, Spouge J, Nara P; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
HIV-1 and -2 share two properties that are important for understanding immunity and therapy. First, HIV preferentially infects CD4+ cells that have a wide range of densities in lymphoid, reticuloendothelial and nervous tissue. Second, the density of gp120 knobs covering the surface of HIV decreases with time
Neuropatholoical analysis of HIV-1 infected brains suggests contribution of general toxic processes. We investigated potential involvement of HIV-1 nef protein in these processes. Next to HIV structural proteins and the regulatory proteins tat and vif, human glial cells persistently infected with HIV-1 show
Human glioblastoma cells permanently infected with HIV-1 (TH 4-7-5) serve as a model system for virus latency characterized by a high expression of the viral regulatory protein nef. Detailed studies are performed concerning the localization of nef in different cellular compartments of TH 4-7-5 cells. METHODS
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:160 (abstract no. M.A.1273)
Gurgo C, Gallo RC; C.E.O.S.-CNR, Naples, Italy
To look for cytopathic effects of HIV-1 independent of env gene expression. The initiation codon of the envelope (e) gene of HXB2 and a second initiation codon in frame with the first were mutated into stop codons by primer directed mutagenesis, and the premature stop codon in the nef (n) gene was e
Infection by HIV of the brain causes diffuse degeneration of cerebral and cerebellar white matter. The lesions are most marked in the centrum semiovale, while subcortical white matter is usually spared. The pathogenesis of these alterations is still open to discussion. Increased permeability of the blood-brain-barrier
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:160 (abstract no. M.A.1275)
Brinchmann JE, Albert J, Vartdal F; Institute of Transplantation Immunology, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway
To determine the proportion of CD4+ T cells containing HIV-1 provirus, the number of provirus copies contained in each infected cell and the replication competence of the provirus copies in CD4+ T cells in asymptomatic HIV-1 infected individuals. Blood from six immunologically and clinically stable
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:161 (abstract no. M.A.1276)
Izaguirre C, Shen YN, Cassol S, Rudknik J, Drouin J, Cameron W; Federal Centre for AIDS, Health and Welfare Canada
In HIV patients tissue macrophages are infected but it is uncertain whether blood monocytes are infected. We wished to determine if monocytes from infected patients are HIV positive or not. Cell subsets were separated using monoclonal antibodies linked to magnetic beads. Monocytes adherence to glass
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:161 (abstract no. M.A.1277)
Borsetti A, Titti F, Testa U, Care A, Federico M, Sernicola L, Samoggia P, Verani P, Peschle C, Rossi GB; Dept. of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
To examine if the accumulation of unintegrated viral DNA might explain the ability of HIV-1 to establish and maintain latent or chronic infection in peripheral blood cells of HIV-1 seropositive subjects. PBL from an asymptomatic HIV-1 seropositive and HTLV-I seronegative (ELISA, WB) subject were clo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:161 (abstract no. M.A.1278)
Zachar V, Ebbesen P, Mayer V; Institute of Virology, Slovak Acad. Sci., Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
To examine the ability of trophoblast cells/TC/ to support replication of the HIV-1 using strains with diverse cytopathogenicity and to express complete proviral clones after transfection. The primary cultures of trypainized TC/Percoll, magnetic immunnoaffinity purification, Mab identification, virt
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:161 (abstract no. M.A.1279)
Fantini J, Yahi N, Baghdiguian S, Chermann JC; Inserm Unite 322, Marseille, France
To demonstrate an impairment of the secretory function in colon carcinoma cells infected with HIV. HT29 cells were infected with 2 strains of HIV1 (BRU and NDK) and 1 strain of HIV2 (ROD). Viral production was monitored after co-cultivation with CEM cells or directly in the culture supernatant by d
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:162 (abstract no. M.A.1280)
Smit TK, Schoub BD, Lyons SF; MRC AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Virology, Sandringham, South Africa
SIVagm seroprevalence in wild-caught South African vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) was determined in serial, stored and fresh serum samples from 1983 to 1990 and 12 isolates were compared antigenically. Sera were examined for antibodies to SIVagm by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. SIVa
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:162 (abstract no. M.A.1281)
Sanin AV, Sosnovskaya O; The Gamaleya Institute, Moscow, USSR
Many microorganisms are able to persist in the bone marrow for a very long time. In AIDS patients serious damage of hematopoiesis is found. A troubling stimulatory role of mycoplasma in AIDS has been recently revealed (Montagniex, 1990). We aimed to develop an approach to identify target cells for Mycoplasma arthritidi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:162 (abstract no. M.A.1282)
Tuke PW, Garson JA, Loveday C, Mulcahy F, Tedder RS; Division of Virology, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK
To develop a specific and sensitive method for the detection and typing of HTLV infections, which is applicable to cryopreserved whole blood, and use this to determine the prevalence of HTLV infections in a cohort of HIV-I infected intravenous drug users. Whole blood samples from a cohort of 70 HIV-I
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:162 (abstract no. M.A.1283)
Ilyin KV, Morozov VA, Ilyinski PO, Kzhyshkowska JG, Cherenovsky DN, Miller GG; Cancer Research Center AMS USSR
The structural and nonstructural polypeptides of D-type retroviruses (HEp-2V and MPMV) we used as antigens in radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) and in Western blotting. A polypeptide with molecular weight 78 Kd has been specifically precipitated with goat anti-p27 serum. This protein was shown to be gag gene-coded protein
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:163 (abstract no. M.A.1284)
Bertazzoni U, Zella D, Mori L, Cavicchini A, Sala M, Casoli C, Magnani G, Ferrante P, Lori F, Landini V, et al; IGBE/CNR, Pavia
Identification of HTLV-I and HTLV-II among subjects of risk for AIDS. Characterization of new HTLV-II viral isolates and study of genomic variability. Patients: 678 IVDUs (80% HIV-1 positive) screened for HTLV-I and HTLV-II with PPA, WB and IFA assays. PBMCs from 19 of 47 positive cases further anal
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:163 (abstract no. M.A.1285)
Lourenco MH, Azovedo Pereira JM, Santos Ferreira MO, Forjaz de Lacerda MJ, Forjaz de Lacerda J; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Portugal
To compare the prevalence of viral infections in AIDS and in immunocompetent patients suffering from NHL. 182 patients were investigated for virological infections. The serological tests included: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) and antibody (HBs Ab), hepatitis B core antibody (HBc Ab), Herpes
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:163 (abstract no. M.A.1286)
Wattel E, Mariotti M, Agis F, Gordien E, Ferrer-le-Coeur F, Elghouzzi MH, Lefrere JJ; Fondation Nationale de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
To affirm the presence of HTLV-I DNA through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in French blood donors with indeterminate Western blot (WB) assay. 38 blood donors repeatably reactive in HTLV-I/II ELISA (Abbott) detected in the French West Indies (n = 25) or in the Paris area (n = 13) and 20 seron
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:163 (abstract no. M.A.1287)
Walther L, Biberfeld G, Thorstensson R; Dept. of Immunology, National Bact. Lab., Stockholm, Sweden
To study the reactivity 1) of commercial anti HIV-2 Western blots and 2) of different HIV-1 and HIV-2 and SIV isolates by use of three monoclonals against HIV-2 gp36. Monoclonals were produced in mice immunized with purified and whole viral lysate of HIV-2 (SBL-6669). HIV-1, HIV-2 Western blot strip
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:164 (abstract no. M.A.1288)
Rescaldani R, Salvaggio L, Goglio A, Malacrida V, Mocarelli P, Ferrante P, Visconti A; AMCLI Study Group on AIDS, Milano, Italy
To evaluate the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 co-infection among HIV+ intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs) from Lombardy, the region with the highest incidence of AIDS in Italy . We have screened 3133 HIV+ IVDAs attending the Drug Dependence Units of 6 regional general hospitals. Two commercial systems (immuno
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:164 (abstract no. M.A.1289)
Soriano V, Leon-Monzon M, Tor J, Pujci M, Sabarre E, Granada I, Babria M; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
HTLV-I is the etiological agent of ATL and TSP/HAM. The virus has also been related to other diseases such as lymphoproliferative disorders other than ATL, Multiple Sclerosis, Sjogren syndrome, Systemic lupus arythematous, polymyositis and infective dermatitis. To reduce the risk of infection by blood trans
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:164 (abstract no. M.A.1290)
Soriano V, Leon-Monzon M, Ordi J, Font J, Porcel M, Escudero D, Tor J; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
Suggestions on a possible retroviral etiology for rheumatic diseases has been recently reported. Serologic reactivity against specific proteins of both HIV-1 and HTLV-I has been recognised in serum of patients with Polymyositis (PM), Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), Sjogren syndrome (SS) and Reiter syndro
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:164 (abstract no. M.A.1291)
Soriano V, Granada I, Leal M, Valls F, Rivero A, Fernandez GL, Aguado I, Tor J, Condom MJ, Balanzo P; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
HIV-2 is a second AIDS virus that was isolated in 1986 from West African individuals. Since that moment, HIV-2 infection has been described in several regions other than West Africa, especially in Europe. In Portugal , more than 10% of AIDS cases have been related to HIV-2, and in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:165 (abstract no. M.A.1292)
D'Agaro P, Comar M, Dal Molin M, Faruzzo A, Moise G, Majori L, Giacca M, Roscioli B, Mascioli M, Ceccherini-Nelli L, et al; Inst. of Hygiene; Pisa, Italy
To evaluate the prevalence of HTLV-I and HTLV-II among the groups at risk of the Friuli Venezia-Giulia region. 310 drug addicts (IVDU), 60 subjects with possible sexual exposure (PSE) and 140 Hemodialysis patients were examined. Sera reactive at HTLV-I ELISA were submitted to HTLV-I Western blot (WB
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:165 (abstract no. M.A.1293)
Reina S, Narvanen A, Sabbatani S, Ferro A, Chan L, Lillo F, Varnier OE; Lab of Human Retrovirology, Genova, Italy
Identification of type specificity in Italian and West African sera for HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 antigens. Samples collected from 1,000 Italian subjects at risk for retroviral infections and 1,200 blood donors from Guinea Bissau were tested with reagents based on viral lysate, env recombinant protein and s
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:165 (abstract no. M.A.1294)
Campos-Lopez P, Vazquez-Valls E, Torres-Mendoza BM, Tlacuilo-Parra JE, Perez-Rios AM; Grupo de Diagnostico, Tratamiento e Investigacion Biomedica de Guadalajara, A.C.
There are no publications about the prevalence of anti HTLV-I antibodies in the population of Mexico with or without association to HIV infection. To demonstrate the presence of anti HTLV-I antibodies in HIV seropositives. From 1,411 ELISA positive HIV sera, confirmed by Western Blot, obtained from
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:165 (abstract no. M.A.1295)
Fransen K, Gershy-Damet GM, Peeters M, Louwagie J, Nys P, Piot P, van der Groen G; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
To investigate the presence of HIV-2 like viruses in different species of wild-captured monkeys from Cote-Ivoire, and to study their relatedness with other HIV-2 isolates. Sera from 44 wild-captured monkeys (chimpanzees, baboons, African green monkeys and mangabeys) were tested with commercial HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:166 (abstract no. M.A.1296)
Peeters M, Fransen K, Van den Haesevelde M, Gershy-Damet GM, Temmerman M, Delaporte E, Hoofd G, Saman E, Piot P, van der Groen G; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
To further characterize SIVcpz-gab and SIVcpz-ant isolates; to study their immunologic relatedness; to compare their sequence homology. Isolates were characterized by Western blot and RIPA. HIV-1 antibody positive sera (n=257) from different geographic regions (Europe n=40), Central Africa (
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:166 (abstract no. M.A.1297)
Granati L, Mannella E, Piro L, Pezzella M, Filoni F, Miceli M, Isacchi G; University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
To evaluate the prevalence of HTLV1/2 among haematological patients and blood donors (B.D.). 37.423 who meet criteria for blood donation and 2,500 patients affected by haematological disorders were tested for HTLV1/2 antibodies by ETA. (Dupont, Abbott). All repeatedly reactive samples were confirmed
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:166 (abstract no. M.A.1298)
Tagliaferro L, Corbelli M, Boeri E, Franchini G, Huntala ML, Narvanen A, Ceo Y, Reina S, Lillo F, Varnier OE; Lab. "Pignatelli", Lecce, Italy
The aim of this study is to verify the presence of an HTLV-like retrovirus in Southern Apulia ( Italy ). More than 2,000 samples collected from blood donors and normal individuals living in this valley were screened using a high sensitive agglutination test. ELISAs, based on recombinent and peptide
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:166 (abstract no. M.A.1299)
Delaporte E, Monplaisir N, Louwagie J, Peeters M, Larouze B, d'Auriol L, Louis JP, Trebucq A, Van Heuverswyn H, Piot P, et al; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp Belgium
1) To determine the HTLV-I and HTLV-II prevalence in Libreville, Gabon . 2) To compare the detection of HTLV-I and II by PCR with detection of HTLV-I/II antibodies. A total of 322 asymptomatic adults were selected by the cluster sampling method. Sera were tested by ELISA and Western blot (Wb). The
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:167 (abstract no. M.A.1300)
Fletcher MA;
To determine co-infection effect of HTLV and HIV-1 on lymphocyte subsets. In a multicenter study, blood donors and subjects transfused with blood components were tested for anti-HIV-1 and anti-HTLV. For each dually infected person, three groups of 3 controls were selected: anti-HIV-1 (-)/anti-HTLV (
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:167 (abstract no. M.A.1301)
Chen YM, Samuel K, Blattner W, Essex M, Papas T; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
Previous report (Lancet 336: 1153-1155, 1990) showed recombinant protein IIB which has 140 amino acids from HTLV-II envelope protein and contains both type-specific and generic epitopes. To further map the type-II specific epitope in RP-IIB, we conducted this study. A PCR-amplified DNA fragment enco
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:167 (abstract no. M.A.1302)
Ugen K, Hall W, Sato A, Williams W, Levy D, Weiner D; The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA
BACKGROUND AND Human T cell leukemia virus II has been associated with benign hairy T cell leukemia although a strong disease association has not been substantiated. Recently, HTLV-II has been associated with chronic fatigue syndrome. A significant percentage of HIV-1 infected intravenous drug users in the
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:167 (abstract no. M.A.1303)
Matsushita S, Matsumi S, Murakami T, Maeda Y, Hattori T, Takatsuki K; Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan
The purpose of these studies was to raise the monoclonal antibodies that neutralize HIV-2 infection and to identify a neutralizing epitope of HIV-2. Two peptides (p1, p2) corresponding to the parts of amino acid sequence derived from the external envelope protein (gp120) of HIV-2 ROD were synthesize
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:168 (abstract no. M.A.1304)
Narvanen A, Korkolainen M, Kontio S, Lillo F, Varnier O, Rescaldani R, Suni J, Vaheri A, Huhtala ML; Labsystems Research Laboratories, Helsinki, Finland
To determine the serological sensitivity and type-specificity of the synthetic peptides derived from HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV I structural proteins using epitope scanning techniques and indirect EIA. The structural proteins of HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV I were scanned using a 14 amino acid window moved in t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:168 (abstract no. M.A.1305)
Yang R, Muloko-Ntoutoume N, Dixson A, Ossari S, Bedjabaga I; International Centre for Medical Research, Franceville, Gabon
To evaluate seroprevalence of antibodies to natural infection with SIVmnd and STLV-1 among mandrills living in a semi-free tropical rainforest enclosure. A breeding colony of 14 mandrills was established in 1980 at the CIRMF Primate Centre. In 1983 the animals were released into a 7ha rainforest enc
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:168 (abstract no. M.A.1306)
Zebender G, Galli C, Capelli C, Baloechini E, Orso M, Boschini A, Mari D, Cargnel A, Zanetti AR; Institute of Virology, University of Milan, Italy
The seroprevalence of antibodies to Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type I (HTLV-I) was evaluated in 1247 subjects belonging to groups at high risk for HIV infection. The percentage of HTLV-I seropositives among intravenous drug abusers was 4.4%, while no serological evidence of HTLV-I infection was found in hemophiliacs, a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:168 (abstract no. M.A.1307)
Noiman S, Yaniv A, Tsach T, Miki T, Tronick S, Gazit A; University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) induces a disease of horses most often characterized by recurring symptoms of fever, anemia, glomerulonephritis and uremia. Infections can be categorized into three distinct clinical phases: acute disease associated with initial exposure to virus, subacute (or chronic) disease, and
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:169 (abstract no. M.A.1308)
Blumer SO, Schalla WO, Cross GD, Hancock JS, Muir HW, Hearn TL; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
The HTLV-I Western blot (WB) test is frequently used as a supplemental test to confirm the presence of HTLV-I antibodies detected in screening blood donor or clinical specimens. In 1989, the CDC performance evaluation program was expanded to evaluate the performance of laboratories testing for HTLV-I antibod
To map immunodominant epitopes of HTLV-I and HTLV-II by using synthetic peptides. Twenty seven synthetic peptides representing structural motifs from the envelope of HTLV-I (env-1, 3, 5) or HTLV-II (env-2, 4, 6, 7, 12, 20-25) and core protein of HTLV-I (gag-1, 1a, 3, 5, 10, 14) or HTLV-II (gag-2, 2a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:169 (abstract no. M.A.1310)
Saksena N, Muller MC, Pouliquen JF, Nerrienet E, Herve V, Durand JP, Lang MC, Digoutte J, Georges-Courbot MC, Sonigo P, et al; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
To study the genetic variability of SIVagm isolates from Central and Western Africa. Cell culture, Hirt extraction of DNA, Polymerase chain reaction, Southern blot analysis and direct sequencing of PCR amplified fragments. Six viral isolates from AGM from Senegal and eight viral isolate
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:170 (abstract no. M.A.1312)
Zala C, Bouzas MB, Muchinik G, Benetucci J, Cutrin JC, Da Bouza J; Hospital "Francisco J. Muniz"
To describe clinical features of HIV-1/HTLV-I co-infection in intravenous drug users (IVDU). Four white male patients IVDU HIV-1 positive who developed signs and symptoms of TSP/HAM were investigated for HTLV-I infection. Anti-HTLV-I antibody tests were performed in serum and CSF using the particle
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:170 (abstract no. M.A.1313)
Lee H, Swanson P, Mann T, Zanetti A; Abbott Laboratories, N. Chicago IL
To genomically examine the HTLV provirus of HTLV-I/II seropositive Italian intravenous drug users (IVDU) and compare to seropositive U.S. blood donors and U.S. IVDU. Plasma from 29 Italian and 17 U.S. HTLV-I EIA seropositive IVDU were tested for the presence of antibodies to HTLV-I/II by Western blo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:170 (abstract no. M.A.1314)
Kestens L, Vanham G, Peeters M, Goilav C, van der Groen G, Piot P, Gigase P; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
The immune status of a chimpanzee, naturally infected by the simian immunodeficiency virus strain cpz (SIVcpz) (1) since at least 3 years, was compared with an age matched seronegative chimpanzee. Lymphocyte subsets were quantified with a panel of monoclonals using a whole blood lymphocyte staining
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:170 (abstract no. M.A.1315)
Cavalcanti M, Schechter M, Sohler M, Leite DM, Ferreira OC; AIDS Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
To investigate the familial transmission of HTLV-I and its association with Spastic Paraparesis Syndrome (SPS). From an index case of SPS, 27 individuals of 4 generations of a family (21 blood relatives, 6 spouses) were traced, investigated for evidence of HTLV-I infection and submitted to detailed
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:171 (abstract no. M.A.1316)
Liu WT; School of Medical Technology, National Yang-Ming College, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
In the past five years (1985-1991) a human promonocyte cell line, HL-CZ with CD15 marker in 90% of the cells was established. The subclones of the cell line had a new retrovirus detected. This new retrovirus is seeking recognition. The electron microscopy was used to observe type C oncornavirus. Rev
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:171 (abstract no. M.A.1317)
Agbalika F, Ferchal F, Honderlick P, Perol Y, Morinet F; University Paris VII - France
To use PCR analysis for evaluating the HTLV-1 infection in patients with positive HTLV-1 ELISA and indeterminate Western blots (WB). Genomic DNAs were extracted separately from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 10 patients who were repeate reactive HTLV-1 EIA with indeterminate WB. PCR amplification w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:171 (abstract no. M.A.1318)
Quaranta JF, Ticchioni M, Ferri P, Cassuto JP, Dellamonica P, Bernard A; University Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CHRU Nice
Coinfection of HIV-1 and HTLV-I has been described in intravenous drug users particularly in American and Italian studies. Indeed, contamination routes are similar. Since in Nice and neighbouring area a high prevalence of HIV-1 seropositivity is due to drug users (about 50% of HIV-infected patients), we have
The aims of the work were to develop a new way for designing a vaccine in a form of protein with optimal epitope composition and predetermined tertiary structure (PTS-vaccine); to design a protein - candidate for vaccine against HIV. Theoretical analysis of env, pol and gag protein (HIV-1) and exper
To determine the effect of BA on CD4+ and CD8+ human T cells from normal and HIV-infected individuals in terms of IFNg production. RATIONALE: BA may be useful as a carrier for HIV-1 to elicit antibody responses in HIV-1 infected individuals with impaired CD4+ T cell function. This is based on our finding tha
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:172 (abstract no. M.A.1321)
Silvera P, Stott EJ, Rud E, Kent KA, Page M, Taffs LF, Kitchin PA, Mills KH, Chan WL; NIBSC, Potters Bar, Herts, UK
To assay antibodies to SIV envelope peptides in infected or vaccinated macaques. To correlate antibodies with protection. Antibodies in plasma of 29 vaccinated and 10 infected macaques were assayed by ELISA using as antigens recombinant gp140 (baculovirus generated) and peptides analogous to 5 region
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:172 (abstract no. M.A.1322)
Gallina A, Rossi F, Sala C, Achilli G, Cattaneo E, Milanesi G; Istituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionistica CNR, Pavia, Italy
The production of safe and highly immunogenic viral components to be included in a subunit vaccine represents a valuable task in view of future immunoprophylactic approaches to the prevention and treatment of HIV infection. We have developed an Escherichia coli expression system for the synthesis of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:173 (abstract no. M.A.1324)
Wilhelm J, Chanda P, Hjorth R, Dheer S, Lee S, Mizutani S, Levner M, Davis A, Hung P; Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Radnor, PA, USA
To characterize the env protein expressed by the recombinant as part of a broader program in the development of oral HIV vaccines based on adenovirus vectors. The vector was a non-defective type 7 adenovirus (with an E3 deletion) carrying the HIV env and rev genes in the E3 region. Human cells (line
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:173 (abstract no. M.A.1326)
Littaua RA, Oldstone MB, Takeda A, Tuazon C, Kievits F, Ennis FA; University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
To identify conserved HIV-1 virus-specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes for possible inclusion in vaccines against AIDS. T cell clones were generated using PBMC from an asymptomatic HIV-1 sero-positive donor and were screened for HIV-1 specific cytot
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:173 (abstract no. M.A.1327)
Haubrich R, Takeda A, Koff W, Smith G, Ennis FA; University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
To study FcR mediated antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) in sera from volunteers who were immunized with a recombinant gp160 candidate HIV-1 vaccine. We have previously shown that subneutralizing concentrations of sera from HIV-1 infected patients augments HIV infection of human monocytes and a mon
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:174 (abstract no. M.A.1328)
Bradac JA, Mathieson BJ; Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
Evaluation of immune responses to HIV has presented a formidable challenge because of the complexities of the immune response to viral proteins. Differences in the fine specificity of epitopes recognized by T and B cells, the variable immunogenicity of specific epitopes and HIV protein due to MHC differences between in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:174 (abstract no. M.A.1329)
Tsoukas C, Falutz J, Gold P, Izaguirre C, O'Shaughnessy M, Sekaly RP, Wainberg M, Volvowitz F, Smith GE; MicroGenesys Inc., West Haven, USA
To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant HIV envelope precursor protein VaxSyn (R) (rgp160) HIV-1 in HIV infected asymptomatic individuals with CD4 counts greater than 500 cells/mm(3). 20 patients (pts) were enrolled in a phase I study. Half received 160 mug (Group A) and half 320 mu
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:174 (abstract no. M.A.1330)
Fultz P, Girard M; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
To determine whether PBMC from HIV-immunized chimpanzees prevent HIV transmission from PBMC of HIV-infected chimpanzees to PBMC of normal chimpanzees, thus providing a method to predict whether immunization elicits an immune response that might protect against an in vivo cell-associated virus challenge. METH
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:174 (abstract no. M.A.1331)
Pelagi M, Lopalco L, Gasparri A, Ciccomascolo F, De Rossi A, Siccardi AG; Dipartimento di Biologia e Genetica per le Scienze Mediche, Universita di Milano, Italy
In order to investigate the potentials of idiotypic vaccines for HIV, we have raised antiidiotypic responses against two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (reactive with gp120 and gp41, respectively), with the aim to obtain internal image type reagents, immunologically equivalent to neutralizable sites. MET
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:175 (abstract no. M.A.1332)
Lopalco L, Ciccomascolo F, Lanza P, Modena D, Zoppetti G, Beretta A, Siccardi AG; Dipartimento di Biologia e Genetica, Universita di Milano
Aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different chemical modifications of heparin on the inhibition of HIV-1 induced syncytia formation, and to elucidate the mechanism of inhibition. For syncytia inhibition studies, different concentrations of modified heparins were added to the syncyti
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:175 (abstract no. M.A.1333)
Haffar O, Moran P, Smithgall M, Sridhar P, Jones R, Travis B, Morton WR, Dykers T, Zarling J, Hu SL; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
To evaluate the immunogenicity of the recombinant HIV-like particles in animal models, and to study their potential as antiviral agents. Recombinant particles were formulated in a number of adjuvants and administered to rabbits and macaques. The amount of immunogen used was normalized with respect t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:175 (abstract no. M.A.1334)
Martinez P, Devash Y, Rubinstein A, Goldstein H; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
To determine if immunization with a 13 amino acid peptide containing the principal neutralizing domain PND of HIV-1-MN (PND-MN) could generate neutralizing antibodies and to determine the role played by epitope recognition and subclass in the capacity of monoclonal antibodies to neutralize HIV-1 infection.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:175 (abstract no. M.A.1335)
Griffiths J, French T, Harris SJ, Holdsworth LN, Berrie EL, Hill-Perkins M, Senior JM, Burns NR, Kingsman SM, Kingsman AJ, et al; British Bio-technology Ltd., Watlington Road, Oxford, U.K.
Neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses have been induced following immunization with hybrid HIV:Ty virus-like particles (Ty-VLPs) (Griffiths et al, J Virology 1991 65, 450). The aim of the present study is to broaden these responses and to investigate alternative particulate carrier systems.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:176 (abstract no. M.A.1336)
Giraldo G, Castello G, Monaco M, Geretti AM, Curcio F, De Biasi S, D'Alessio V, Beth-Giraldo E; Dept. of Viral Oncology, Natl. Cancer Institute, "Foundazione Pascale", Naples, Italy
1. To search for an appropriate vaccine delivery system in order to develop murine monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to the 10 most frequent peptides of the PND of HIV-1 gp 120 with viral neutralizing activity, and 2, to set-up toxicity and efficacy tests in SCID mice with a human immunosystem. Balb/c m
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:176 (abstract no. M.A.1337)
Schultz AM, Warren J; Vaccine Research & Development Branch, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
Relevant animal models essential to AIDS vaccine development are now well-developed. Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) originating from the sooty mangabey reliably infects rhesus and cynomolgus macaques, and causes disease in the rhesus. This surrogate model for human AIDS is now well-established and has already prod
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:176 (abstract no. M.A.1338)
Marlas G; Institut Pasteur
To elaborate a potent preventive and curative vaccine against the human AIDS virus. Whole HIV-1BRU, recombinant gp160 (PMSV) or a synthetic peptide (ANRS) from the V3 loop of gp160 were incorporated into ISCOMS (Immuno Stimulating COMplexeS) and injected separately into mice. Before incorporation in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:176 (abstract no. M.A.1339)
Stahl Hennig C, Nick S, Coulibaly C, Voss G, Luke W, Hunsmann G; German Primate Center, Gottingen, FRG
To develop a vaccine against AIDS on the basis of a macaque model. 7 rhesus monkeys were immunized intramuscularly with 140 mug per dose of tween-ether treated SIVmac251/32H adsorbed to an aluminum hydroxide adjuvant on months 0, 1, 2 and 4, respectively. Three control animals received the adjuvant
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:177 (abstract no. M.A.1340)
Fung M, Sun C, Gordon W, Liou R, Daar E, Sun W, Chang N, Chang TW, Ho D; Tanox Biosystems, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
To characterize murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive with the variable (V2) region of HIV-1 gp120. BALB/c mice were immunized s.c. with purified HTLV-IIIB gp120. Splenocytes were isolated and fused with Sp2/0 myeloma cells. MAbs produced were tested for reactivity with gp120 by ELISA and radi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:177 (abstract no. M.A.1341)
Gilljam G, Hinkula J, Makitalo B; Department of Virology, Stockholm, Sweden
To obtain a continuous HIV production in an artificial capillary system with high titer. A hollow fiber bioreactor was used. The hollow fiber had membranes with a surface of 1.1 m(2) and a molecular weight cutoff of 10000 daltons. The system contains a cartridge for gas exchange and pH -, temperatur
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:177 (abstract no. M.A.1342)
Goldstein AL, Naylor PH, Sarin PS, O'Toole C, Kirkley JE, Rios A, Zagury D, Achour A, Gazzard B, Gibbs CJ, et al; The George Washington University Med. Ctr., Washington, D.C. USA
Evaluation of the safety and potential efficacy of an HIV p17 based synthetic peptide vaccine in humans. HIV seronegative volunteers received a synthetic peptide candidate HIV-1 gag vaccine (HGP-30-KLH/Alum) in a phase 1 clinical trial. B cell response to antigen was evaluated by ELISA and T-cell re
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:177 (abstract no. M.A.1343)
Blick G, Buchanan S, Diamond M, Smith G, Volvovitz F; Greenwich Hospital, Yale University, Greenwich, CT., USA
To evaluate the toxicity and immunogenicity of recombinant gp160 envelope precursor and p24 core proteins in HIV-infected individuals. Patient Selection: 30 individuals with HIV infection were randomly immunized regardless of CD4 cell count, with baculovirus expressed gp160 and p24 vaccines. (VAXSYN
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:178 (abstract no. M.A.1344)
Smith G, Lane HC, Tsoukas C, Redfield R, Hackett C, Volvovitz F; MicroGeneSys, Inc., Meriden, CT, USA
To elucidate the pattern of HIV-specific immunity in HIV-seronegative volunteers and HIV-infected patients following immunization with VaxSyn HIV-1, a recombinant gp160 vaccine (rgp160). Phase I/II clinical trials of rgp160 (MicroGeneSys, Inc.) produced in a baculovirus expression system and formul
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:178 (abstract no. M.A.1345)
Handa A, Numata K, Yamanaka E, Hoshino H; Department of Hygiene, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan
Glycosaminoglycan extracted from sea cucumbers, Stichopus japonicus Selenka, has anticoagulant, antithrombotic and platelet-aggregating activities. It has already been administered to humans in China as an anticoagulant. We produced and purified depolymerized fragments (DHGs) from the glycosaminoglycan. DHGs
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:178 (abstract no. M.A.1346)
Wagner R, Fliebetabach H, Modrow S, Boltz T, v Brunn A, Wolf H; Max V. Pettenkofer Institute, LMU, Munich, FRG
To develop an HIV-1 vaccine candidate based on a rationally designed consensus sequence of the gp120 principal neutralizing determinant V3 (PNDc) inserted into the HIV-1 group specific antigen (gag). RESULTS AND Conventional HIV-1 vaccine strategies, based on rgp160/120 or inactivated virus preparat
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:178 (abstract no. M.A.1347)
von Brunn A, Wagner R, Fliebetabach H, Wolf H, Schodel F; Max-von-Pettenkofer-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munchen, FRG
The utilization of peptides containing immunologically relevant epitopes as vaccines is often limited by the lack of suitable carrier systems which ideally would possess an intrinsic adjuvant potential. The development of subunit vaccines against HIV requires both the identification of immunologically relevant epitopes
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:179 (abstract no. M.A.1348)
Komoriya A; Laboratory of Cell Biology, Division of Cytokine Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Review, FDA, Bethesda, Maryland USA
A successful peptide vaccine must overcome several problems that currently exist. Specifically, it must be able to elicit antibodies which can cross-react with the native protein, its antigenic determinants must be the same as the desired viral neutralizing epitopes, and the vaccine must induce active immuni
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:179 (abstract no. M.A.1349)
Borbe H, Wagner R, Holak T, Wolf H, Modrow S; Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munchen, FRG
The V3 domain of gp120 is the only antigenic region not modified by carbohydrates. Neutralizing antibodies to V3 are present in HIV-patients and can be induced in experimental systems. The high degree of sequence variability makes it difficult to include this compound in general strategies for vaccine design
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:179 (abstract no. M.A.1350)
Steimer KS, Nara P, Brooks E, Sakamoto D, Eichberg J, Haigwood N; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, California, USA
To examine the ability of recombinant HIV-1 gp120 to generate neutralizing activity in primates directed to conformation-dependent epitopes. The HIV-SF2 env gene was engineered for the expression of native, glycosylated recombinant gp120 in mammalian cells. The protein (rgp120SF2) was used to immuni
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:179 (abstract no. M.A.1351)
Morys-Wortmann C, Jurkiewicz E, Hunsmann G, Kleinschmidt A, Erfle V, Hartmann H, Creutzfeldt W, Schmidt WE; Zentrum Innere Medizin, Georg-August-Universitat, Gottingen Germany
Synthetic peptides were used to elicit anti-HIV-neutralizing activity in rabbits. Peptides corresponding to the hypervariable loop V3 of gp120 of different HIV isolates were synthezised by Fmoc-chemistry. Mixed peptides were synthezised using two or three amino acids in one reaction. Rabbits were im
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:180 (abstract no. M.A.1353)
Picard O, Bernard J, Halbreich A, Carelli C, Bizzini B, Achour A, Lebas J, Frottier J, Bigel P, Salaun JJ, et al; Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
A clinical trial phase I was performed in seronegative volunteers at Hospital Saint Antoine in order to define a vaccine preparation available for mass use, which could induce a protective in vitro immune reaction similar to the candidate vaccine prototype previously described(a,b). The latter was obtained by using r V
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:180 (abstract no. M.A.1354)
Race E, Dourmashkin RR, Broadhurst K, Ball A, Frezza P, Oxford JS; The London Hospital Medical College, London, England
To develop a safe inactivated whole HIV vaccine with virion incorporated adjuvant. Inactivating agents, beta-propiolactone (BPL), binary ethyleneimine (BEI), cholates, digitonin, nucleases, and aldehydes were applied, individually and in series, to HIV-1 RF in culture supernatants harvested from ch
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:180 (abstract no. M.A.1355)
Koff WC, Schultz AM, Mathieson BJ, Fast PE, Detrick BJ, Bradac JA, Lawrence DN; Vaccine R&D Branch, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
During the past twelve months, significant scientific advances in preclinical and clinical testing of HIV vaccines have demonstrated that development of safe and effective HIV vaccines will be feasible. The timetable for successfully developing, licensing, and delivering efficacious HIV vaccines would be markedly accel
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:181 (abstract no. M.A.1356)
Francotte M, Bruck C, De Wilde M, Van Opstal O, Culp J, Horton L, Robinson E, Thiriart C; SmithKline Beecham Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium
Comparison of immunogenicity and functional immune responses between recombinant gp160 (rgp160) and gp120 (rgp120). Two groups of 4 Rhesus monkeys were immunized with HIV-1 rgp160 (IIIB isolate) from mammalian cells, and gp120 obtained from drosophila cells, respectively. Sera were characterized for
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:181 (abstract no. M.A.1357)
Smythe JA, Nardelli B, Chatterjee P, Gallo RC, Gershoni JM; LTCB, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. USA
To produce recombinant linear polymers of the gp120-binding domain of CD4. To test the gp120-binding capacity of these recombinant polymers, and assess the potential of these polyvalent molecular decoys for AIDS therapy. The gp120-binding site is located within the V1 domain of CD4. We engineered tw
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:181 (abstract no. M.A.1358)
Eddy GA, Shafferman A, Jahrling PB, Lewis MG, Benveniste RE, Eden-McCutchan F, Burke DS; Henry M Jackson Foundation
Evaluate the efficacy of conserved, hydrophilic envelope peptides as immunogens against SIV associated disease in rhesus macaques. Rhesus were immunized with a mixture of four peptides, 10 to 21 amino acids in length, of SIV envelope regions (SIV-88, SIV-500, SIV-582 and SIV-647) given as recombinan
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:30 (abstract no. M.B.33)
Iacobelli S, Natoli C, Tinari N, Ghinelli F, Sighinolfi L, Bicocchi R, Ortona L, Antinori A, Tamburrini E; Cattedra di Oncologia Medica, Universita di Chieti
A 90.000 molecular weight protein (90K), detected by a monoclonal antibody has been identified in the sera of patients with various malignancies. We recently observed 3 cases of Kaposi s sarcomas who had the highest 90K levels yet recorded in our laboratory. This prompted us to investigate this antigen in HIV infection
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:30 (abstract no. M.B.34)
Bollinger RC, Kline R, Francis H, Moss M, Bartlett JG, Quinn T; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
The sensitivity of p24 antigen detection in asymptomatic HIV infected individuals is decreased by the presence of HIV-specific antibody. We examined the effect of acid pretreatment on the sensitivity of antigen detection in asymptomatic HIV infected patients in order to evaluate the effect of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:30 (abstract no. M.B.35)
Aledort LM; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York City, NY
A rapid, steady decline in CD4 usually precedes the onset of AIDS. This suggests that a large change between visits may indicate imminent progression, and identify the asymptomatic persons most likely to benefit from anti-retroviral therapy. We tested the hypothesis by determining the individual and combined predictive
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:30 (abstract no. M.B.36)
Fairfax M, Schacker T, Cone R, Collier A, Corey L; Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
To investigate the natural history of human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) in HIV-infected males by comparing the amount of HHV-6 DNA in blood and saliva with stage of disease, T cell subsets, anti-viral therapy, and serology. Blood and saliva were collected from 32 HIV-positive males. Semi-quantitative pol
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:31 (abstract no. M.B.37)
Yarchoan R, Venzon D, Lietzau J, Pluda JM, Wyvill KM, Steinberg S, Broder S; National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
Depletion of CD4 cells is central in the pathogenesis of AIDS. However, there is relatively little information available on the relationship between CD4 cells and the immediate hazard of dying. Records of 55 consecutive pts with AIDS or severe ARC on AZT-based regimens treated between July 1985 and
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:31 (abstract no. M.B.38)
Winger EE, Reddy MM, Hargrove D, McHugh T, McKinley GF, Grieco MH; Immunodiagnostic Laboratories, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
Current methods for monitoring of HIV viral burden include quantitative PCR, quantitative plasma viral culture and HIV p24 antigen assay. The first two techniques are currently impractical while the latter is relatively insensitive detecting antigen in only a fraction of infected individuals. A high
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:43 (abstract no. M.B.81)
d'Arminio MA, Vago L, Lazzarin A, Formenti T, Rizzardi GP, Guzzetti S, Musicco M, Costanzi G, Moroni M; Clin Inf Dis, Univ Milan, Milan, Italy
To relate clinical and autoptical observations in AIDS patients, stratified according to the indicator diseases and the length of survival. Patients: 533 patients with AIDS since 1984 to Dec 31th, 1990 were included. 341 (64%) were PDA or ex-PDA, 150 (28.1%) homosexual men, 33 (6.2%) heterosexual and 9 (1.7%
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:43 (abstract no. M.B.82)
Phillips P, Le A, Duncan J, Oh H, Schechter MT, Montaner JS; AIDS Research Programme, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
To determine the frequency, spectrum, and outcome of bacteremia in HIV-infected individuals admitted to St. Paul s hospital in the 5 year period ending December, 1990. Retrospective review of all hospital admissions of HIV-infected individuals. Bacteremia was defined as 2 or more separate blood cult
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:43 (abstract no. M.B.83)
Accorinti M, Pivetti-Pezzi P, Tamburi S, Ciapparoni V, D'Offizi GP, Tilia G, Catania S; Institute of Ophthalmology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
To define the characteristic clinical features, the therapeutical regimens and a possible neurological involvement in ocular toxoplasmosis. 152 AIDS patients were submitted to an ophthalmological examination. All the subjects with ocular toxoplasmosis underwent also a neurological evaluation includi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:43 (abstract no. M.B.84)
Nunn P, Odhiambo J, Brindle R, Carpenter L, Gathua S, Wasunna K, Were J, McAdam K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
To compare mortality rates and causes among HIV+ and HIV- TB cases (PTBC and NTBC respectively). 107 HIV PTBC and 174 HIV NTBC were enrolled in a longitudinal follow up study. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were estimated for both groups. Risk factors for mortality by 6 months were determined by propo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:44 (abstract no. M.B.85)
Safrin S, Crumpacker C, Chatis P, Davis R, Hafner R, Rush J, Kessler H, Landry B, Mills J; University of California, San Francisco CA
The therapy of ACV-resistant HSV has not been studied in a controlled fashion. We compared FOS to ARA-A in a randomized, multicenter trial. Patients with HSV lesions unresponsive to therapy with IV ACV for a minimum of 10 d and which showed in vitro resistance to ACV were randomized to receive FOS (
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:44 (abstract no. M.B.86)
Spector SA, Barker C, Buhles W, Feinberg J, Montague P, Weingeist T, DeArmond B; U.C. San Diego
To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous ganciclovir (GCV) in treating peripheral CMV retinitis in AIDS patients. A randomized, multicenter, controlled trial was conducted in 42 subjects (39 males and 3 females) with CMV peripheral retinitis. Patients were randomized to receive GCV 5 mg/kg twice dail
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:182 (abstract no. M.B.2000)
Burack JH, McGuire D, Hollander H; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
To evaluate the yield of LP for common HIV-related indications. Retrospective chart review of LP s for one or more of the following indications: headache, fever, altered mental status. One hundred forty six LP s were reviewed. Indications included headache - 90, fever - 89, altered mental s
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:182 (abstract no. M.B.2003)
Dhiver C, Dupire B, Somma H, Poizot-Martin I, Bouabdallah R, Gastaut JL, Gastaut JA; Centre d'investigation et de soins de l'immunodeficience humaine, hopital Salvator, Marseille
A synergistic activity of the association 5 - Fluorouracil (5FU) and Clindamycin (CL) against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro is suggested. Patients (p) who could not receive classical treatment for cerebral toxoplasmosis (T) because of bad tolerance, received this combination. 8 p enrolled : 6 p once,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:183 (abstract no. M.B.2004)
Vital A, Vital C, Julien J, Beylot M, Delors B, Bloch B; Bordeaux II University, France
Peripheral nerve biopsies from 15 patients with HIV infection were studied by light and electron microscopic examination (EME), and by direct immunopathologic examination (DIPE) with anti-immunoglobulin sera. There were 3 otherwise asymptomatic patients, 2 with ARC and 10 with AIDS. Two cases (1 asymptomatic, 1 ARC) pr
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:183 (abstract no. M.B.2005)
Fernandez-Martin J, Raguin G, Perronne V, Longuet P, Hercot O, Leport C, Vilde JL; Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
To describe the occurrence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), a complication which has not been previously reported in AIDS patients (pts). Diagnosis of CVT was based on the occurrence of acute neurological signs and confirmed by cerebral angiography and/or brain CT scan. CVT was diagnose
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:183 (abstract no. M.B.2006)
Heseltine P, Eaton E, Buchsbaum M, Parker E, McGrail M, Leedom J, Bridge P; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
Phase I Peptide T (D-ala-1-peptide-T-amide) studies suggest it improves neuropsychologic (NP) test scores in persons with HIV and cognitive impairment. We report a pilot study of Peptide T s effect on severely HIV cognitively impaired persons, i.e. with ADC. Five persons with ADC (Price classificati
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:183 (abstract no. M.B.2007)
Waskin H, Ingram CW, Cameron M, Drew R, Bartlett JA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham North Carolina USA
To determine prognostic indicators for long-term survival of HIV-infected persons with cryptococcal meningitis. Longterm followup of a cohort of 55 HIV+ persons diagnosed with cryptococcal infection at Duke University from 1985-1990. We followed until present or death, 55 HIV+ persons with
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:184 (abstract no. M.B.2008)
Cairoli S, Brustia R, Bono G, Merlo P, Minoli L, Grossi P; Neuro-AIDS Unit, IRCCS C.Mondino, University of Pavia, Italy
Within a series of n.240 HIV-infected pts observed between Jan 87 and Dec 90, n.19 (8%) were in the presenile age. Eventual age-related differences in the evolution of HIV-disease, and CNS involvement are discussed. Selection of HIV-patients aged over 50 yrs; clinical staging (CDC); evaluation of bi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:184 (abstract no. M.B.2009)
Mitchell WG, Kovacs AS; University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
We examined infants of HIV+ mothers one or more times: Group 1 consisted of 26 infants between age 2 weeks and age 6 months; Group 2 consisted of 21 infants between 6 months and 18 months. Current HIV infection status is classified as definitely infected - CDC classes P1 and P2, definitely uninfected - CDC class P3, or
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:184 (abstract no. M.B.2010)
Orefice G, Troisi E, Carrieri PB, Chirianni A, DeMarinis T, Marasco G, Rubino S, Campanella G; II e I Clinica Neurologica, II Facolta di Medicina, Universita Federico II, Napoli, Italy
To identify early markers of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in asymptomatic HIV positive individuals, by the standard neurological examination. 106 asymptomatic HIV positive subjects with prevalent past history of i.v. drug abuse (group 1), underwent a clinical examination to ascertain the
To assess long term efficacy and tolerance of Zidovudine ( AZT ) therapy for AIDS dementia complex (ADC). 30 patients (pts) with ADC (11 stage 1, 6 st.2, 9 st.3, 4 st.4 according to Price) were treated with AZT at daily doses of 1.000mg (9pts), 750mg (8pts) and 500mg (13pts).
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:185 (abstract no. M.B.2012)
Moss H, Brouwers P, Wolters P, El-Amin D, Butler K, Pizzo P; National Cancer Institute, Pediatric Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
To compare female and male children with vertically-acquired HIV infection on tests of general intelligence and on some indices of the natural history of the disease (age, encephalopathy). Forty-two female (mean age=3.09 +/- .41 yrs) and 41 male (mean age=2.0 +/- .24 years) pediatric patients with v
Pyrimethamine (pyr) alone or in combination is part of prophylaxis against cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS. We have measured dose dependent pyr-plasma-concentrations. 34 patients with advanced HIV-infection (T4-cells less than 250/mul) were treated 1-29 (9, 8+6, 6) months; 333 patient-months were obs
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:185 (abstract no. M.B.2015)
Hogenhuis JA, Ratinahirana H, Henin D, Chaunu MP, Hauw JJ; Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris, France
To classify by immunocytochemistry the composition of the inflammatory infiltrates in the peripheral nerves of HIV-1 infected patients. In 9 selected HIV+ patients [5 distal symmetrical polyneuropathies (1 otherwise asymptomatic carrier and 4 AIDS), 3 acute or chronic inflammatory demyelinating poly
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:186 (abstract no. M.B.2016)
Berenguer J, Moreno S, Laguna F, Adrados M, Vicente T, Gazapo E, Bouza E; Hosp. G. Maranon, Madrid, Espana
The study of clinical manifestations, diagnosis and outcome of TM in HIV+ PTS. Review of cases that fulfilled the following criteria: 1) Isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from CSF, 2) HIV Seropositivity. Between 1985-90, TM has been diagnosed in 37 HIV+ PTS. in two hospitals in Madrid
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:186 (abstract no. M.B.2017)
Speirs G, Mijch AS, Lucas CR, Druce JD, Hayes K; Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
To review all AIDS patients with a diagnosis of toxoplasmosis who presented between March 1986 and February 1990, and in particular to assess the usefulness of serology in diagnosis. Clinical case histories, radiological reports, serological results and histopathological findings were assessed. Anti
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:186 (abstract no. M.B.2018)
Larsson M, Hagberg L, Forsman A, Norkrans G; Dept of Psychiatry, Lillhagen Hospital, University of Goteborg, Sweden
Analyses of neurobiological parameters measured in blood and CSF and their possible relationships to specific neuropsychiatric symptoms during all stages of HIV infection. Ninety individuals at various stages of HIV infection have been investigated with biochemical analyses (HPLC) and clinical stagi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:186 (abstract no. M.B.2019)
Gastaut JL, Pouget J, Valentin P, Lafeuillade A, Dhiver C, Gastaut JA; Department of Neurology, Hopital Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France
Symptomatic cases of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction are rare. Nevertheless some systematic functional studies of ANS in HIV+ patients have revealed the possibility of a subclinical dysautonomia. We wanted to determine its prevalence in HIV+ patients. At the present time we have studied t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:187 (abstract no. M.B.2020)
Kokkevi A, Hatzakis A, Maillis A, Pittadaki J, Zalonis J, Samartzis D, Touloumi G, Mandalaki T, Stefanis C; Department of Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
The present study aims at evaluating: a. whether asymptomatic or symptomatic (excluding ARC and AIDS) stages of HIV infection are associated with cognitive impairment and b. whether any cognitive impairment in HIV+ individuals constitutes a progressive phenomenon or is associated with the appearance of sympt
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:187 (abstract no. M.B.2021)
Baingana G, Katabira E, Hellman N; Makerere University Kampala, Uganda
To evaluate the prevalence, clinical manifestations and cerebrospinal fluid findings of Ugandan patients in Mulago Hospital with HIV infection. To determine potentially treatable illness using simple diagnostic techniques. A descriptive study of a sequential, convenience sample of patients admitted
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:187 (abstract no. M.B.2022)
McKegney FP, Silberstein C, O'Dowd MA, Cochrane K, Hartel D, Schoenbaum E, Friedland G; Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY USA
To examine whether subtle cognitive impairments in asymptomatic HIV positive IVDUs predict development of symptomatic HIV related illness (ARC). In 1985/86, neuropsychological (NP) tests were administered to 64 asymptomatic HIV+ IVDUs with follow-up at a mean of 45.6 months (range 1-54 mos) for the
We have shown previously (NEJM 1990, 323:864-870) that 67% of asymptomatic HIV-seropositives have abnormalities in electrophysiologic tests. This trial aimed to determine whether these could be affected by treatment with zid. 7 asymptomatic patients, known to have abnormal electrophysiologic tests w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:188 (abstract no. M.B.2024)
Farthing C, Cravioto U, Seidlin M; New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
Focal positive leukoencephalopathy (FPL) a recently described pathological entity, distinct from central pontine myelinosis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), has been described in AIDS patients and other immunocompromised patients but only at autopsy without a clinical correlation. We report the fir
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:188 (abstract no. M.B.2025)
Brown S, Atkinson H, Malone J, Chandler J, McCutchan A, Grant I; University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California
To examine the relationship between sleep complaints, immune status, and psychological states in HIV illness. Subjects were categorized as CDC 0 (N=35), CDC II & III (N=95), and CDC IV (N=60), on entry into a longitudinal study of CNS effects of HIV infection. Enrollees were excluded for drug and
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:188 (abstract no. M.B.2026)
Catalan J, Klimes I, Bond A, Garrod A, Day A, Elcombe S, Hodges S, Rizza C; Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London, UK
To study the prevalence, nature and possible development of psychosocial problems in HIV+ men with haemophilia in a 3 year prospective study. Twelve month follow-up data is given. Twenty-two HIV+ and 29 HIV- haemophiliacs were evaluated to assess their mental status (PSE, POMS, Beck Hopelessness Sca
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:188 (abstract no. M.B.2027)
Pope-Pegram L, Gathe J Jr, Bohn B, Piot D, Stool E; Speial Diseases Unit, Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
To describe the efficiency of Doxycycline in AIDS patients with presumed central nervous system toxoplasmosis. Prospective evaluation of two AIDS patients in which Doxycycline was utilized in therapy of presumed central nervous system toxoplasmosis (P-CNS-T). Appropriate history, physical examinatio
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:189 (abstract no. M.B.2028)
Brown GR, Rundell JR, Seal G, Plotnick E; Wilford Hall Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
To prospectively assess psychiatric morbidity in women during the natural history of early (non-AIDS) HIV infection detected as part of a mandatory HIV testing program in the United States Air Force. All active duty women testing positive since 1987 have been prospectively evaluated using structured
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:189 (abstract no. M.B.2029)
Bini E, Mannelli F, Galli L, de Martino M, Vierucci A; Division of Pediatric Infections Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florence, Italy
CASE REPORT: The rapid effectiveness of zidovudine ( AZT ) treatment in a 3-year child with HIV-related encefalopathy is reported. The patient was admitted because of unexplained anemia, persistent candidiasis and hepatomegaly. Presence of HIV-1 antibodies and serum p24 antigen was documented.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:189 (abstract no. M.B.2030)
Arendt G, Hefter H, Jablonowski H, Freund HJ; Department of Neurology and Medicine, University of Dusseldorf
OBJECTIVE/77% of 100 HIV-positive individuals of all CDC-stages - asymptomatic in neurological and psychiatric examinations - showed abnormalities in motor testing parameters (tremor peak frequency = TPF, most rapid alternating index finger movements = MRAM and most rapid index finger extensions = MRC) which h
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:189 (abstract no. M.B.2031)
Orth JP, Ollivier B, Vinti H, Cassuto JP; Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche Clinique, Biologique et Therapeutique, Faculte de Medecine, Nice, France
Occurrence of mania in patients with no prior history of this disorder. Clinical observations in a 25 year old woman and a 20 year old man by a psychiatrist and psychologist from outside our service. After receiving a daily dose of 750 mg of ddI for 3 months, the appearance of mania was
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:190 (abstract no. M.B.2032)
Ingrand D, Moret H, Sazdovitch V, Meharzi J, Huraux JM; Laboratoire de Virologie du CERVI, Hopital de la Pitie, Paris, France
To determine the incidence and the clinical significance of JC viruses detected in frozen CNS samples obtained at autopsy from 50 adult AIDS patients. To detect JC DNA genome, 50 frozen tissues were tested with two techniques: i) Southern blot transfer and hybridization with labeled nucleic acid pro
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:190 (abstract no. M.B.2033)
Artigas J, Grosse G, Niedobitek F, Arasteh K, L'age M, Averdunk R, Hornscheidt M; Institute of Pathology, Auguste-Viktoria-Krankenhaus, Rubensstrasse 125, D-1000 Berlin 41, FRG
To study the morphological changes in the CNS after treatment with AZT . The brains and spinal cords of 40 AIDS-patients who died during 1990 were extensively examined by means of conventional histology and immunohistochemistry. Biochemical studies were performed with the HPLC-method.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:190 (abstract no. M.B.2034)
McCutchan JA, Gulevich S, Durand D, Velin R, Heaton R, Thal L, Villasana D, Kaplanski M, Malone J, Chandler J, et al; HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
Serum beta2m is a prognostic indicator in HIV infection. CSF beta2m is increased in HIV-associated dementia , but its relationship to subtle neuropsychological (NP) deficits is not known. We explored associations between serum and CSF beta2m, CSF inflammation, and NP performance in the initial examination of
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:190 (abstract no. M.B.2035)
Grippo A, Ghidini P, Schiavone V, Ragazzoni A, Mecocci L, Balocchini E, Meli M, Mazzotta F, Vivarelli A, Bartolozzi D, et al; Depart. of Neurology University of Florence; Infectious Disease Division; Florence ITALY
Both alterations of somatosensory pathways and of a cognitive functions have been described in HIV+ patients. Electrophysiological techniques were proposed for detecting subclinical neurological deficit during HIV1 infection. Their predictive use of clinical evolution in HIV1 infection could be presumed. MET
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:191 (abstract no. M.B.2036)
Chiesi A, Agresti MG, Dally LG, Zaccarelli M, Tomino C, Floridia M, Vella S; Centro Operativo AIDS, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
To study the incidence of AIDS dementia complex (ADC) in groups of patients who acquired infection through different risk behaviours, and to evaluate the possible role of zidovudine ( AZT ) treatment in preventing or delaying the onset of ADC. The Italian National AIDS Registry was used
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:191 (abstract no. M.B.2037)
Portegies P, Reiss P, Algra PR, Hollak CE, Prins JM, Valk J, Lange J; Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
To assess the effect of treatment with the nucleic acid analogue cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) on progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients with AIDS. Three consecutive AIDS patients with a presumptive clinical diagnosis of PML (based on the following criteria: relentlessly progres
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:191 (abstract no. M.B.2038)
Connolly S, McAllister RH, Manji H, Fell M, Durrance P, Boland M, Newman SP, Fowler CJ, Weller IV, Harrison MJ; University College & Middlesex School of Medicine, London UK
To compare the results of repeated nerve conduction studies (NCS) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in HIV seropositive gay men with those in a well-matched seronegative comparison group. 81 gay men from the MRC Cohort at the Middlesex Hospital have now had 4 neurological and neurophysiolog
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:191 (abstract no. M.B.2039)
Villa G, Monteleone D, Marra C, Bartoli A, Solida A, Pallavicini F, Izzi I; Istituto di Neurologia - Universita Cattolica S.C., Roma
The present research has been undertaken as a systematic neuropsychological study of AIDS-Dementia-Complex (ADC) in order to achieve: a) quantification of the cognitive impairment related to HIV damage on CNS across the various stages of HIV infection; b) characterization of this cognitive impairment, partic
Up-to-date subtile methods demonstrate significant changes already in early states of HIV-infection. We examined the usefulness of P3 regarding the evaluation of eventual central-nervous deficits, especially with regard to the development of the AIDS dementia complex and the connectually postulated early cog
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:192 (abstract no. M.B.2041)
Mengoli C, Scarin M, Peracchi M, Tonin E, Berliato G; Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS has a devastating course and often shows a poor outcome. During the past years, several antifungal agents have been formulated and evaluated in the treatment of deep-seated fungal infections. Among these drugs polyene antibiotics (e.g., amphotericin B), azoles (e.g., miconazol
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:192 (abstract no. M.B.2042)
Fell M, Newman S, Herns M, Durrance P, Manji H, Connolly S, MacAllister R, Weller I, Harrison M; University College & Middlesex School of Medicine, University of London, UK
To assess mood and psychiatric state of HIV +ve and -ve individuals over time and examine the relationship with neuropsychology. Measures of depression (BDI) state anxiety (STAI) and psychiatric state (CIS) and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery were administered to 125 homosexual male volun
To evaluate the efficacy of Zidovudine (ACT) in the treatment of myelopathy in HIV infection. 20 pts with clinical diagnosis of non compressive myelopathy were included. 18 were AIDS, 2 ARC, All pts but one had CD4 less than 200/mul; CSF and SEP studied were performed in 13 pts; NMR of brain and spi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:193 (abstract no. M.B.2044)
Nakajima GA, Rubin HC; Department of Psychiatry, New York University; New York, New York USA
To determine the demographics of subjects in psychiatric research on AIDS/ HIV in the United States . All articles (31) with subjects who had AIDS/ HIV from the American Journal of Psychiatry (20), Hospital and Community Psychiatry (8) and Archives of General Psychiatry (2), were examined from Jan.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:193 (abstract no. M.B.2046)
Malessa R, Ohrmann P, Brockmeyer NH, Rimpel J; Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Germany
To study autonomic nervous system function in HIV-infected individuals by means of a quantitative technique for recording sympathetic conduction, the peripheral autonomic surface potential (PASP). PASP were recorded from the palm after contralateral stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist in 33
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:193 (abstract no. M.B.2047)
Naber D, Perro C, Schick U, Einhaupl K, Vieler T, Binder J, Schielke E, Riedel RR; Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Germany
Psychiatric symptoms and neuropsychological deficits occur in all stages of HIV-infection, data on frequency and severity and etiology, however, are controversial. In a longitudinal study, 190 HIV positive patients (64 asym., 48 LAS, 34 ARC, 44 AIDS) and 117 HIV-negative controls underwent psychiatric exploration and n
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:194 (abstract no. M.B.2048)
Silberstein CH, O'Dowd MA, Friedland G, Schoenbaum E, Cochrane K, Hartel D, McKegney FP; New York University, New York, New York, USA
To examine cognitive function prospectively over the time course of HIV-1 infection in IVDUs, from asymptomatic seropositivity through the development of ARC/AIDS, using seronegative IVDUs as a comparison group. A prospective longitudinal study of 220 methadone maintenance clinic former IVDUs was in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:194 (abstract no. M.B.2049)
McGrail M, Heseltine PN, Eaton E, Parker E, Ruff M, Buzy J, Pert C, Bridge P; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA., USA
To evaluate neuropsychologic measures assessed at baseline and after Phase I testing of Peptide T (D-ala-1-peptide-T-amide), a homologue of VIP and gp-120, and a gp-120 receptor blocker. At baseline and after 12 weeks of escalating intravenous testing of Peptide T in 15 AIDS and ARC patients receive
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:194 (abstract no. M.B.2050)
Routy JP, Allfgre T, Blanc AP, Rodriguez E, Kiegel P, Vialley F, Lagier E; Hopital Cezanne Aix en Provence, France
We wanted to evaluate in an open prospective trial the toxicity and efficacy of AZT injected intrathecally (IT) in patients (pts) with AIDS dementia complex (ADC) stage III and IV, previously treated by oral AZT. The aim was to improve the therapeutic index of Zidovudine (AZT).
In several studies especially homosexual HIV-patients were examined by neuropsychological tests. But so far we know any data are published to the question if there were a difference in mental deficits considering various cofactors (lues, cerebral toxic effect of drugs, malnutrition) of the different risk gro
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:195 (abstract no. M.B.2052)
Malessa R, Ohrmann P, Brockmeyer NH, Mertins L; Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Germany
To describe the development and distribution of HIV-related sensorimotor polyneuropathy by electrophysiological means. Thirty-five HIV-seropositive individuals and 20 age and height matched controls underwent the following electrophysiological programm: The distal motor latency (DML) serving as mark
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:195 (abstract no. M.B.2053)
Angrist B, d'Hollosy M, Satriano J, Sanfilipo M, Diamond G, Simberkoff M, Weinreb H; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
The present investigation is a single blind study of the neuropsychological and clinical effects of psychostimulants on patients with the AIDS Dementia Complex. Seven patients who demonstrated significant symptoms of ADC on neuropsychological evaluation were treated with rising doses of Methylphenid
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:195 (abstract no. M.B.2054)
Marder K, Malouf R, Dooneief G, Bell K, Tang M, Gorman J, Ehrhardt A, Mayeux R; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University and Harlem Hospital Center, New York, NY, USA
HIV may differentially affect men and women, thus our objective to identify neurological manifestations of HIV in parenteral drug users (PDU) of both sexes. Blind to HIV status, a structured neurological exam including a symptom checklist was administered to 221 subjects, 145 men (83+, 62-) and 76 w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:195 (abstract no. M.B.2055)
Mancuso A, Moriconi M, Palattella A, Bianco F, Spadaro M, Tilia G, D'Offizi G, Mezzaroma I, Guerrisi R; Dept. Psychiatry, Univ. of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
To study the prevalence of HIV-1 related neuropsychiatric disorders in a group of infected subjects by neuroimaging, neurological and psychometric assessment. 65 HIV-1 infected subjects, 20 asymptomatic and 45 classified as ARC or AIDS were submitted to neurological examination, Wechsler-Bellevue II
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:196 (abstract no. M.B.2056)
Elmostafa B, Vives E, Mabrouk K, Benjouad A, Rochat H, Duval A, Hue B, Van Rletschoten J, Sabatier JM; Laboratoire de Biochimie, CNRS URA 1179, Faculte de Medecine, Secteur Nord, Bd P. Dramard, 13326-Marseille Cedex 15, France
To investigate the neurotoxic activity of tat from human immunodeficiency virus. Chemically synthetic tat and tat peptide derivatives were tested for their binding to synaptosomal rat brain membranes or rat glioma and murine neuroblastoma cells. This interaction was also investigated with electrophy
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:196 (abstract no. M.B.2057)
Chiswick A, Egan V, Brettle RP, Goodwin GM; Infectious Diseases Unit, City Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland
To determine whether serial testing of HIV positive drug users (DUs) using a 2-tone AEP task, and in particular the latency of the P300 (P3) component provides evidence of brain involvement by HIV. Two hundred and sixty DUs (M:F=2:1) infected 6 - 7 years previously were recruited. One hundred and fo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:196 (abstract no. M.B.2058)
Riccio M, Pugh K, Catalan J, Jadresic D, Baldweg T, Hawkins D; Charing Cross & Westminster Medical School, London, UK
To assess the association between HIV infection and cognitive deterioration in a cohort of asymptomatic gay men. 68 HIV seronegative (-ve) and 33 HIV seropositive (+ve) gay men were recruited from an HIV Clinic in central London when requesting an HIV Ab test to take part in a longitudinal study. Neu
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:196 (abstract no. M.B.2059)
Baccega M, Campana M, Cesana P, Ropolo R, Soranzo ML, De Filippi PG; Servizio Medicina Nucleare Ospedaliera, Ospedale Molinette, Torino, Italy
The aim of work was to evaluate changes of regional cerebral blood flow in AIDS patients (pts) to relate the pattern with Computed Tomography (TC) and to see if correlation exists between scintigraphic pattern and laboratory tests (T4 and T8 lymphocyte counts, whose predictive significance in disease is known). We have
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:197 (abstract no. M.B.2060)
Grunseit A, Perdices M, Dunbar N, Craven A, Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clincal Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
To examine the effect of zidovudine (ZDV) on neuropsychological performance (NP) over 12 months in a group of asymptomatic HIV infected persons. Subjects were 61 HIV positive patients (CDC groups II-III) enrolled in a double blind, placebo controlled ZDV trial. NP was assessed on a wide range of func
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:197 (abstract no. M.B.2061)
Woo S, Hunter J, Wang P, Wortzman G, Simor A, Fernandes B, Ichise M, Chemerynsky I; Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1) To study over 2 years the neuropsychological functioning of persons with HIV infection. 2) To design a screening measure with the capacity for early detection of neurocognitive impairment in HIV infected individuals. 3) To establish if scores on this measure may be used to infer the degree of CNS or immu
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:197 (abstract no. M.B.2062)
Moatti M, Aubin F, Charlot V, Ades J; Hopital Louis Mourier, Service de Psychiatrie, Colombes, France
Anxiety and depressed mood are both the most frequent psychiatric symptoms described in patients with AIDS. For some authors, the anxiodepressive reaction does not differ from the reactions observed in case of mortal illness, like cancer for example; but, these statements do not rely, to the best of our knowledge, upon
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:197 (abstract no. M.B.2063)
Piazza F, Caselli D, Comelli D, Maccabruni A, Veggiotti P, Viri M; Cattedre di Neuropsichiatria Infantile Fondazione C. Mondino
This study was designed to investigate the significance of EEG in predicting the clinical course of HIV infection in pediatric age and to study the usefulness of EEG in revealing initial central nervous system dysfunctions. 18 children HIV seropositive have been studied, grouped according to Atlanta
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:198 (abstract no. M.B.2065)
Kertzner R, Gorman J, Williams J, Cooper T, Reddy M, Ehrhardt AA; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at the New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
To examine the relationship between depression and anxiety, cortisol levels, and T lymphocyte activation. HIV-infected gay men (N=112, Time One; N=104, Time Two; N=65, Time Three) and HIV seronegative gay male controls (N=75, Time One; N=47, Time Two; N=14, Time Three) were assessed for Hamilton Dep
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:198 (abstract no. M.B.2066)
Hesselink J, Tien R, Spoto G, Jernigan T, Chandler J, Grant I; University of California, San Diego, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA
As part of our HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center (HNRC), imaging studies were performed to determine the effects of HIV infection on the brain at various stages of the disease. MR imaging was performed on 159 subjects, including 88 in a combined group of CDC classes 2, 3, and 4-C2, 36 CDC Class 4
Our aim has been to correlate CSF and plasma levels of beta endorphin, ACTH, cortisol in 60 HIV patients, at different stages of infection, who had never been drug addicts, with CD4 cell levels. 60 HIV patients and 20 controls underwent one or more lumbar punctures and blood samples. Beta endorphin,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:199 (abstract no. M.B.2068)
Kent GP, Ganer A, Deresinski SC; Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California, USA
To evaluate the safety and analgesic efficacy of mexiletine (Mx) in HIV-associated PPN. Adult HIV-infected patients with PPN having moderate to severe pain and abnormal nerve conduction studies or abnormal neurologic examination were randomized to receive either Mx (10 mg/kg/d) or placebo in a doubl
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:199 (abstract no. M.B.2069)
Castagna A, Vago L, Accordini A, Moscatelli G, Costanzi G, Lazzarin A; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, V University of Milan, Milan, Italy
To evaluate the frequency and clinical features of CMV encephalitis. Brain tissue from 168 AIDS patients were examined at autopsy to assess the presence of CMV infection. When available, clinical data with particular attention to neurologic signs and symptoms, neuroimaging studies, cerebrospinal flu
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:199 (abstract no. M.B.2070)
Malessa R, Rose N, Brockmeyer N, Mertins L, Schwendemann G; Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Germany
To study the development and distribution of alterations in peripheral and central auditory pathways in HIV-infection by electrophysiological means. Twenty-nine HIV-seropositive neurological asymptomatic homosexuals and 27 seronegative controls were tested with auditory evoked potentials (AEP) (clic
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:199 (abstract no. M.B.2071)
Enzensberger W, Madlener J, Herdt P, Staszewski S, Helm EB, Fischer PA; Dept. of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt/M, Germany
While the efficacy of zidovudine therapy on the course of the HIV disease is well known, neurological consequences are less clear. Our prospective longitudinal therapy study compares two different regimens (500mg zidovudine per day given continuously vs. 1000mg per day given 4 weeks, alternating with 4 week
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:200 (abstract no. M.B.2072)
Rizzuto N, Cavallaro T, Bonetti B, Ferrari S, Monaco S, Morbin M, Danzi MC, Di Perri G, Cruciani M, Bassetti D; Institute of Neurology, University of Verone, Verone, Italy
-DSPN is the commonest complication of Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) involvement in course of AIDS, and its pathogenesis is still controversial. -Clinical, electrophysiological and pathologic evaluation of nerve biopsy was performed in 14 patients with HIV infection and DSPN without other causes of known neuropathy.
INTRODUCTION: BK-virus infections are occasionally seen in immunocompromised patients, most often as urinary tract infections in renal graft recipients. We report the first case of BK-virus meningoencephalitis in a patient with AIDS. CASE: The 29 year old man had suffered from hemophilia A. HIV-Infection was diagnosed
To evaluate changes in cognition and affect resulting from acute (Phase I) IL-2 treatment in HIV+ patients stabilized on AZT . Behavioral ratings and neuropsychological tests were administered to 9 patients (6 +AS, 1 ARC, 2 AIDS) at protocol entry (T1) and after six weeks
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:200 (abstract no. M.B.2075)
Bornstein R, Nasrallah H, Para M, Fass R, Whitacre C, Rice R Jr; Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
The study examined the relationship between rate of CD4 cell loss and performance on a battery of neuropsychological tests. It was hypothesized that rate of cell loss would be inversely related to test performance. A neuropsychological test battery was administered including Selective Reminiding Tes
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:201 (abstract no. M.B.2076)
Karlsen NR, Reinvang I, Froland SS; The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway
To determine if measures of reaction time show indication of subtle performance deficit in asymptomatic HIV-positives. 19 asymptomatic HIV-infected patients (CDC II/III) and 33 HIV-negative controls were tested on visuomotor coordination and speed of reaction. The HIV-positive group consisted of 1 f
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:201 (abstract no. M.B.2077)
Parisi A, Strosselli M, Caccamo F, Maserati R; Dept of Infectious Diseases - I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Italy
The Authors analyze, by an electroencephalographic monitoring, two groups of HIV seropositive patients, one group receiving a therapy with Zidovudine and a control group, in order to assess the effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of AIDS-encephalopathy. A computerized electroencephalographic
In a previous study on the immunohistochemical modification of capillary walls in AIDS brain cortex 1), an increase in laminin content was found in affected basement membranes. In this report, we have considered the expression of various types of collagen (I, III, IV and VI), as well as the ultrastructural appearance o
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:201 (abstract no. M.B.2079)
Musetti L, Corsi A, Marchisio P, Massironi E, Saccani M, Tornaghi R; Istituto di Neuropsichiatria Infantile-Universita di Milano Milano Italy
To assess the effect of zidovudine ( AZT ) on neurologic symptomatology in congenitally HIV infected (HIV+) children. Prospective study from birth of 3 HIV+ children who subsequently developed an encephalopathy. Neurologic evaluation included: neurological examination every 3 months, evaluation by G
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:202 (abstract no. M.B.2080)
Parisi L, Calandriello E, Terracciano M, Valente G, Pinter E, Spadaro M, Morocutti C; Institute of Immunology - University "La Sapienza" Rome, Italy
Electrophysiological study of Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) in HIV+ patients by transversal evaluation, for a possible individuation of different infection stages. Forty patients in various stages of disease (HIV+ asymptomatic, LAS, ARC, AIDS) were examined. An electromyographycal study with analy
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:202 (abstract no. M.B.2081)
Hefter H, Arendt G, Jablonowski H, Freund HJ; Department of Neurology and Medicine, University of Dusseldorf
OBJECTIVE, In 33 AIDS-patients-CDC-stages IV A-E with clinical signs of dementia in clinical (general mental slowing, memory dysfunction, affective nivellation) and psychometrical testing (multiple choice vocabulary test-form b 10 raw points than standard progressive matrices test results), but without focal n
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:202 (abstract no. M.B.2082)
Chieze F, DeSa M, Katlama C, Henin D, Vazeux R, Hauw JJ; Service Maladies Infectieuses et Parasitaires, Paris, France
Because CMV encephalitis appears to be underdiagnosed this study tries to evaluate the prevalence of CNS-CMV infection and to precise its clinical, biological and virological manifestations. Retrospective autopsic study on 58 AIDS-patients from 01/84 to 08/90. 20 formalin fixed samples and immunohis
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:202 (abstract no. M.B.2083)
Mastroianni CM, Liuzzi GM, Paoletti F, Jirillo E, Vullo V, Delia S, Ricco P; University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
To investigate the usefulness of CSF markers for predicting the degree of neurological impairment during AIDS dementia complex (ADC). CSF samples collected from 19 ADC patients and from 8 HIV+ without CNS involvement were assessed for HIV-Ag, beta2M, TNF, IgG concentration and anti-myelin basic prot
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:203 (abstract no. M.B.2084)
Batki SL, Ferrando S, London J, Pattillo J, Ryan C, Abbott C, Hartwig R, Goosby E; University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
To describe the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and their relationship to drug use and HIV status in HIV-infected IVDUs in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). The hospital records of 100 HIV-infected patients in MMT at San Francisco General Hospital were examined for psychiatric disorders, HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:203 (abstract no. M.B.2085)
Grassi MP, Clerici F, Perin C, Mezzenzana MA, Dedivitis GF, Cargnel A, Mangoni A; Department of Neurology, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
Evaluate the existence of cognitive deficits, as early signs of CNS involvement, and their evolution in HIV-positive (HIV+) intravenous (iv) drug users without clinical signs of neurological impairment. Fifty-three HIV+ iv drug users, 19 HIV-negative (HIV-) iv drug users, and 26 healthy subjects wer
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:203 (abstract no. M.B.2086)
Moulin T, Vanhems P, Schoenfelder F, Valet B, Monnier G, Rousselot JP, Chopard JL, Drobacheff C, De Wazieres B, Bertrand MA; Besancon University Hospital - 25030 Cedex Besancon - France
To study the frequency, presentation and evolution of the earliest neurologic manifestations in a group of 145 HIV positive patients enrolled prospectively since 1987. The patients (P) were screened with a standard protocol: neurologic exams, neuropsychologic (NP) tests (progressive matrices PM38 or PM47, Weschler memo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:203 (abstract no. M.B.2087)
Arvieux C, Michelet C, Heautot JF, Cartier F; Clinique des Maladies Infectieuses, Hopital Pontchaillou, CHR de Rennes, France
To appreciate the usefulness, clinical and therapeutic impact of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) compared with Computed Tomography (CT) in febrile patients with progressive HIV-infection and Central Nervous System (CNS) manifestations. In order to appreciate the utility and the clinical or therapeu
A progressive dementing illness is among the most common and devastating manifestations of infection by the retrovirus that causes AIDS. In order to more precisely define the character of the cognitive, motor and behavioral changes associated with this dementia , we have evaluated 47 patients using a battery
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:204 (abstract no. M.B.2089)
Klimes I, Elcombe S, Hodges S, Catalan J, Day A, Garrod A, Bond A, Rizza C; Department of Clinical Psychology, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
To establish prevalence and possible development of neuropsychological problems in HIV+ men with haemophilia as part of a 3 year prospective study. Twelve month follow-up data is given. Twenty-two HIV+ and 29 HIV- men with haemophilia were assessed on measures of pre-morbid IQ (Nart); verbal skills
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:204 (abstract no. M.B.2090)
Ragnaud JM, Beylot J, Lacut JY, Leng B, Aubertin J, Salamon R; Regional University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
To describe the main epidemiological, clinical, radiological features of Toxoplasmosis encephalitis (TE) and its outcome among AIDS patient. Diagnosis of TE was presumptive, using clinical and radiological criterias. TE was diagnosed in 73 of the 428 AIDS patients followed in the Bordeaux R
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:204 (abstract no. M.B.2091)
Patey O, Dellion S, Halioua B, Lafaix C; Departement des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Villeneuve St Georges, France
To aware physicians of the potentiel danger of sulfonamide induced injury to the urinary tract. CASE REPORTS: We observed two cases of sulfadiazine crystalluria with transient renal failure in AIDS patients treated for toxoplasmic encephalitis (T.E.) with pyrimethamine (100 mg/day) and sulfadiazine (5 gr./da
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:205 (abstract no. M.B.2092)
Vital C, Merlio JP, Rivel J, Vital A, Gautris P, Beylot M, Delors B; Department of Neuropathology, Bordeaux II University, France
Seven cases of primary cerebral lymphoma (PCL) were studied on fragments from biopsy (3 cases), autopsy (3 cases) and both (1 case). These 4 latter cases were selected from a larger group of 39 brains from patients with AIDS autopsied since 1985, and were multicentric PCL. The 7 PCL were immunoblastic-plasmocytoid high
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:205 (abstract no. M.B.2093)
Orlando G, Foudrinier F, Adriani BA, Aubert D, Marx C, Mougeot G, Danis M, Cargnel A, Pinon JM; II Divisione malattie Infettive, Osp L. Sacco, Milano, Italy
Diagnosis of toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS patients relies mostly on epidemiological, radiological and therapeutic arguments while immunological findings of specific IgG and IgM are disappointing. IgA and IgE specific antibodies on serum and CSF samples of toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS patients are her
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:205 (abstract no. M.B.2094)
Makarova GV; Central Research Insititue of Epidemiology of the USSR Ministry of Public Health, Moscow, USSR
In 50 HIV infected persons with lymphoadenopathy several types of CNS reactions were discovered which determine the degree of adaptive brain reactions formation. The adaptive reactions were evaluated using the electroencephalographic method. The general level of brain functional state and the parameters determining int
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:205 (abstract no. M.B.2095)
Mauri M, Sinforiani E, Muratori S, Zerboni R, Alessi E, Bono G; Neuro-AIDS Unit, IRCCS C. Mondino/University of Pavia, Italy
The neuropsychological performance of seropositive asymptomatic homosexual/bisexual men without history of alcohol/drug abuse was investigated in order to detect eventual subclinical cognitive changes predictive of early CNS involvement from HIV. N.45 HIV-infected pts. (mean age 36,7 +/- 11,7 yrs, r
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:206 (abstract no. M.B.2096)
Veccia S, Giacometti A, Drenaggi D, Fiorentini A, Marsili G, Scalise G; Institute of Infectious Diseases - University of Ancona, Italy
The aim of our study was to value if adenosine deaminase activity may be useful as an early serologic marker of cerebral lesion in AIDS patients. Adenosine deaminase activity was estimated in sera of three groups of subjects: A) 26 AIDS patients with cerebral lesion proved by computerized tomographi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:206 (abstract no. M.B.2097)
Nozyce M, Weisberger M, Arpadi S, Lambert G, Wiznia A; Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
To assess whether 6 months of oral AZT therapy will improve the neuro-developmental functioning of symptomatic HIV infected children. Nineteen symptomatic HIV infected children ranging in age from 2 to 9 years of age were placed on the equivalent of adult high dose AZT therapy (180 mg.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:206 (abstract no. M.B.2098)
Brew BJ, Miller J; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Headache may be a prominent feature in HIV infected patients and is usually due to an opportunistic infection, neoplasm or aseptic meningitis. However, we have observed several patients who had no such causes found. We, therefore, studied the prevalence and clinical features of such headache. Patie
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:206 (abstract no. M.B.2099)
Pasquale P, Nisita C, Galli L, Cassano GB, Scasso A, Stampacchia G, Della Santa M; Institute of Psychiatric Clinic, University of Pisa (Italy)
The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders in a sample of seropositive patients and to correlate them with the HIV infection stage and with the main risk behaviours. Among the patients coming to the AIDS Center of Pisa for diagnostic evaluation
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:207 (abstract no. M.B.2100)
Mellers J, Smith JR, Harris JR, King MB; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
This study was designed to assess the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in a group of HIV seropositive women. Using the Clinical Interview Schedule, psychiatric morbidity was assessed in 25 HIV seropositive women and 14 HIV seronegative controls, randomly selected from women enrolled in a colposco
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:207 (abstract no. M.B.2101)
Maj M, Janssen R, Satz P, Zaudig M, Starace F, Bhiron S, Bing E, Luabeya M, Ndetei D, Riedel R, et al; WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
The study aims to explore the nature and prevalence of HIV-1-associated neurological and psychiatric disorders and neuropsychological abnormalities in persons living in different geographic and socio-cultural contexts. The study is being performed in Bangkok, Thailand ; Kinshasa,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:207 (abstract no. M.B.2102)
Roscioli B, Mascioli M, Andrian P, D'Agaro P, Dal Molin G, Comar M, Faruzzo A, Majori L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Trieste
To relate HIV-1 isolation efficiency and p24 antigen detection in paired specimens of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with patients clinical staging according to Walter-Reed (W.R.) criteria. 40 paired specimens of CSF and blood from seropositive subjects were examined for HIV virus isolation in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:207 (abstract no. M.B.2103)
Lima JN, Souza-Dias M, Trabasso P, Aoki F, Abreu W, Oliveira A, Pedro R; UNICAMP Medical School, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brasil
Between January 1989 and December 1990, 24 patients with Cryptococcal Meningitis were seen at a 400 bed acute care UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL in CAMPINAS, a 1,2 million inhabitants town in southeastern Brazil . Twenty patients had serologic evidence of HIV infection. They represented 9% of the newly diagnosed AIDS cases in th
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:208 (abstract no. M.B.2104)
Buuren HJ, Lunter CH, van den Boom FM, Storosum JG, Sno HN; Netherlands Institute of Mental Health, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Longitudinal study regarding prevalence and incidence of psychiatric, psychological and social complications of HIV infection, and needs assessment, to improve quality of care. Outpatients of 5 major (university) clinics are asked to participate in this study. Instruments used, a.o.: DIS-III-A, Sem
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:208 (abstract no. M.B.2105)
Atkinson H, Patterson T, Summers J, Brown S, Gutierrez R, Heaton R, Grant I; University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
To determine the two year incidence of psychiatric disorder and its clinical correlates in HIV+ homosexual men and matched HIV - controls. HIV+ (N = 109); CDC IV = 52 and CDC II-III = 57) and HIV- (N = 34) ambulatory homosexual men in a longitudinal cohort study were examined at baseline, and at 12
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:208 (abstract no. M.B.2106)
Govoni LA, Davey V, Ropka ME, Demitrak MA, Lane HC; Clinical Center, NIH Bethesda, MD, USA
To determine if HIV-infected patients with a history of affective symptoms (prior depressive symptoms, anxiety, or mood lability) or substance use (daily alcohol use, recreational drug use, alcoholism, or drug addition) are at greater risk for developing behavioral, affective, or cognitive neuropsychiatric
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:208 (abstract no. M.B.2107)
Nisita C, Perretta P, Galli L, Cassano GB, Scasso A, Nuccorini A, Della Santa M; Institute of Psychiatric, University of Pisa (Italy)
Data from Anxiety and Depression items of specific rating scales have been analyzed and compared to explore the relevance of such components in the phases of infection and in the group at risk. Seventy patients were included in the study and evaluated by the following rating scales: HAM-A HRSD, BPRS
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:209 (abstract no. M.B.2108)
Zeroli C, Issi M, Ferraro G, Fiori GP, Torre D; Division of Infectious Diseases Regional Hospital, Varese, Italy
To evaluate levels of fibronectin (FN) in cerbrospinal fluid (CSF) from AIDS patients with central nervous system (CNS) disorders. CSF samples were collected from 36 patients with CNS disorders (AIDS dementia complex, leucoencephalopathy, opportunistic infections). CSF levels of FN were determined b
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:209 (abstract no. M.B.2109)
Ferro S, Fanning M; Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
To define the role of HCTs in the clinical management of the different neurologic conditions associated with HIV/AIDS. Retrospective review of HCTs from 1984-1990. HCTs (n=153) were done in 92 patients (76% AIDS, 24% non-AIDS). At first HCTs, 59% were on
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:209 (abstract no. M.B.2110)
O'Dowd MA, McKegney FP; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
To assess changes in psychological distress in predominantly minority substance abusing patients after a year of care in an AIDS related psychiatric clinic. 38 patients referred for psychiatric treatment due to HIV related stress were given a survey of past and present suicidal ideation/behaviors an
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:209 (abstract no. M.B.2111)
Visscher BR, Morgenstern H, Miller EN, Satz P, Jin S, Jacobson L, Selnes O, Becker J, Cohen B; Univ of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
To investigate the separate and combined effects of HIV serostatus and education on neuropsychological (NP) impairment among asymptomatic homosexual men. 1741 asymptomatic homosexual male participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) were given a battery of NP tests that included Digit Sp
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:210 (abstract no. M.B.2112)
Perro C, Geier S, Naber D, Klauss V, Binder J, Riedel R; Dept. of Psychiatry University of Munich, Germany
Does a correlation between OMS and cognitive deficits in HIV-infected patients and AIDS exist? 33 HIV-positive patients (21 with AIDS) underwent a neuropsychological (AVLT, trail making B) and opthalmological, including funduscopical examination. Criteria for OMS were: Cotton-Wool leasions, bleedings
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:210 (abstract no. M.B.2113)
Enzensberger R, Enzensberger W, Madlener J, Fischer PA, Doerr HW; Dept. of Virology, University of Frankfurt/M, Germany
A Columbian female prostitute came to the out-patient department suffering from severe headache, fever, and malaise. We describe the clinical and serological evolution of the patient, who became HIV positive during her hospital stay. The patient was submitted to complete neurological examination inc
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:210 (abstract no. M.B.2114)
Sacks M, Dermatis H, Looser-Ott S; Cornell University Medical College, NYC, NY, USA
To determine whether HIV seropositivity (HIV+) is associated with a positive serologic test for syphilis (STS+) in psychiatric inpatients. Consecutive admissions to an acute psychiatric hospital in NYC were tested for HIV in an unlinked design using waste bloods. Risk factors were obtained from the
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:210 (abstract no. M.B.2115)
Arrigo M, Zandrini C, Bollani E, Brustia R, Parisi A; University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
To demonstrate presence/incidence of clinical/subclinical peripheral neuropathy in AIDS patients after treatment with AZT . 15 AIDS patients (CDC group IVC), 3 females and 12 males, aged 24-36 years, treated with AZT for a 3-12 months period, were studied with electrophys
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:211 (abstract no. M.B.2116)
Hailu K, Yigeremu A, Bekure D; Armed Forces General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
To determine the predictive value of a single episode of Herpes Zoster for HIV-1 infection. All 43 (M - 36: F-7) consecutively seen patients, at the Armed Forces General Hospital, from Sept. 1989 - Sept. 1990, with a single episode of Herpes Zoster were evaluated for the presence of both major and m
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:211 (abstract no. M.B.2117)
Lynch PE, Beckett A, Magocsi S, Steger KA, Craven DE; AIDS Program, Boston City Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
To assess the prevalence of PD in HIV-1 infected persons evaluated at an inner-city hospital clinic. Twenty consecutive patients with HIV-1 infection were evaluated by clinical psychiatric interview, symptom checklist (SCL-90-R) and neuropsychological test battery. Subjects were 85% male, 7
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:211 (abstract no. M.B.2118)
Giuseppina T, Spadaro M, Massara MC, Giampiero S, Valle E, Pinter E, Mezzaroma I, Aiuti F, Morocutti C; Institute of Mental and Nervous Diseases, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
To determine the prevalence of clinical signs of nervous system involvement in HIV-1 asymptomatic subjects and evaluate their prognostic significance. 32 HIV-1 asymptomatic subjects were enrolled in a clinical and paraclinical (electrophysiological, neuropsychological and neuroradiological) longitud
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:211 (abstract no. M.B.2119)
Altamura CA, Mauri MC, Coppola MT, Gianetti S, Ferrara A; Department of Clinical Psychiatry - University of Milan, Milan, Italy
25 HIV positive schizophrenic patients diagnosed according to DSM III-R, treated with different neuroleptic drugs at flexible dosages, were studied during 4 weeks hospitalization phase and a 4 months follow-up period. Psychopathological picture, extrapyramidal and anticholinergic side-effects were evaluated using respe
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:212 (abstract no. M.B.2120)
Comi G, Medaglini S, Nemni R, Quattrini A, Comola M, Galardi G, Canal N, Castagna A, Lazzarin A; Dept. of Neurology, University of Milan, Scient. Inst. S. Raffaele
Peripheral nerve damage in HIV infections can be due to various pathogenetic mechanisms. As a consequence, different types of peripheral neuropathy (PN), have been described. We evaluate different neurophysiological and morphological aspects in AIDS and HIV+ patients. We studied 11 HIV and 12 AIDS pts predominantly dru
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:212 (abstract no. M.B.2121)
Medaglini S, Comi G, Galardi G, Locatelli T, Comola M, Nemni R, Quattrini A, Lazzarin A, Castagna A, Canal N; IV Neurologic Department Scient. Inst. H San Raffaele, University of Milan
The literature is lacking of data concerning the prognostic significance of the presence of neurological complications to assess the risk to develop AIDS. We studied 40 pts consecutively admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan - H Sacco -. Neurological evaluation included clinical examina
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:212 (abstract no. M.B.2122)
Winwood MA, Hopper C, Walls F, Wycherley H, Kocsis AE; Neuropsychology of AIDS Research, St. Mary's Hospital, London, U.K.
To assess the accuracy of perceived neuropsychological impairment and change over time in HIV+ hospital inpatients. To compare these perceptions with their performance on an objective neuropsychological test battery. In patients are approached during the first few days of their hospital admission a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:212 (abstract no. M.B.2123)
Ruiz L, Sandrini G, Turla M, Minoli L, Grossi P, Nappi G; NeuroAIDS Unit, IRCCS, University of Pavia, Italy
The aim of the AIDS Research Project was to develope an Information System for a correct management of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of a large number of HIV+ patients. Within this project the working out of a clinical database for the study of the Nervous System involvement in HIV+ patients
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:213 (abstract no. M.B.2124)
Terrinna AM, Nunes JFM, Teixeira C, Gameiro P, Veloso M, Lima C, Leitao O; Centro de Virologia, Inst. Portugues de Oncologia, Lisboa, Portugal
Two cases of CNS disease etiologically associated with HIV-2 infection has been reported, most cases of CNS impairment corresponding to opportunistic infections. We report the case of a 15 years old Caucasian male, presenting a chronic uveitis of non determined cause for the last 3 years. In the last 3,5 months progres
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:213 (abstract no. M.B.2125)
Thiam D, Ndiaye IP, Diop AG, Kabou F, Lequin RM, Diakhate L; Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Dakar, Senegal
To obtain insight in the epidemiology of HTLV-I infection in blooddonors and patients from a department of neurology at the urban area of Dakar, Senegal . 434 blood donations were screened and blood samples from 121 patients with various neurological disorders, Vironostika HTLV-I enzyme immuno assay
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:213 (abstract no. M.B.2126)
Dunbar N, Perdices M, Grunseit A, Cooper D; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
AIM: To determine if HIV symptoms predict objective measures of anxiety and depression. Self-report symptoms and immunological measures were collected for 207 homo/bisexual men (AIDS=34, ARC=72, HIV+=101). The affect measures used were the State/Trait Anxiety Questionnaire and the CES-D Depression Rating Scale.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:213 (abstract no. M.B.2127)
Galli M, Rizzardini G, Vago L, Castagna A, Isabella L, Coen M, Fasan M, Albarello V, Costanzi GC, Moroni M; Infectious Diseases Dep. and V Chair of Pathology, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
Recent observations suggest possible response of PML to AZT . The aim of this study is to evaluate retrospectively the influence of AZT on the incidence of PML in a autoptical case file. Reviewing an autoptical series of 485 AIDS cases recorded at L.Sacco Hospital, Milan, from 1984 to August, 1990,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:214 (abstract no. M.B.2128)
Hadad DJ, Cavalcante NJ, Araujo A, Petry TC, Palaci M, Ferrazoli L, Martins MC; Centro de Referencia e Treinamento - AIDS
The presence of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare is being increasingly described from a few sites in AIDS patients however its isolation from central nervous system (C.N.S) is very rare particularly in Brazil . This report document the presence of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare in cerebrospinal fluid (C.S.F) samp
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:214 (abstract no. M.B.2129)
Cominelli C, Cappa SF, Signorini L, Vangi D, Vignolo LA, Chiodera A, Carosi G; Neurological Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy
investigation of neuropsychological performance in HIV negative, asymptomatic HIV positive and AIDS-affected drug addicts in comparison to normal controls to evaluate the consequences of drug abuse and HIV infection on cognitive function. 70 subjects (20 controls, 15 HIV-, 20 HIV+ and 15 AIDS drug a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:214 (abstract no. M.B.2130)
Cirelli A, Ciardi M, Salotti A, Rossi F; University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
At the Institute of Infectious Diseases we have studied clinical forms of HIV encephalitis to establish their features and their evolution also in relation to zidovudine therapy. We describe the unusual Gerstman syndrome (agraphia, acalculia, fingeragnosia) in an AIDS patient. We have studied 25 con
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:214 (abstract no. M.B.2131)
Evans L, Hurran L, Mooney J, Penny R, Cooper DA, Brew BJ; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Neurotropic strains of HIV-1 have been shown to replicate more efficiently in macrophages than in T cells. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and nature of such strains in patients with/without AIDS dementia complex (ADC). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood from HIV-1 in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:215 (abstract no. M.B.2132)
Salami A, Cordone G, Melagrana A, Barbieri M, Morandi N, Rizzo F; University of Genoa, O.R.L. Clinic, S. Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
In order to study subclinical Cortical Nervous System (CNS) disturbances in healthy HIV-infected patients and in AIDS patients without neurological symptoms, we used two sensitive neurophysiological tests. Auditory Brainstem Response audiometry (ABR) and oculometer tests: Vestibular Ocular Reflex (VOR), Optokinetik Mys
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:215 (abstract no. M.B.2133)
Trenkwalder C, Schielke E, Pfister W, Einhapl KM; Department of Neurology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
Headache represents a frequent symptom in HIV-infected patients and can be due to different etiologies. We investigated prospectively 51 out of 300 HIV-infected patients who developed headache of recent onset with a standard interview, EEG, CCT or MRI and lumbar puncture when indicated to classify types of headache, to
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:215 (abstract no. M.B.2134)
Hobbs G, Keilbaugh SA, Prusoff WA, Simpson MV; Dept. of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY USA
We aim to elucidate the role of mtDNA in AZT-induced anemia and ddC- (and ddI-) induced peripheral neuropathy (PN), and to use this information to develop less toxic dideoxynucleoside (ddN) analogs. RATIONALE: DNA polymerase gamma is known to incorporate ddN chain terminators into DNA. Since mtDNA-encoded p
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:215 (abstract no. M.B.2135)
Douzenis A, Brener N, Catalan J, Meadows J; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Westminster Hospital. London. SW1. United Kingdom
AIMS: To describe the problems and characteristics of HIV patients referred to a psychiatric service. Descriptive study of 200 consecutive referrals with systematic collection of data about the patients, their diagnosis and treatment. The majority were males (98%), mean age 36 (SD=7.9), the majority si
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:216 (abstract no. M.B.2136)
Gaist PA, Jacobsen F; Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Although a control group is frequently considered critical in psychiatric research, few studies have investigated the characteristics of persons volunteering to be controls. A prospective study using a newspaper recruitment screening questionnaire for healthy normal volunteers (without psychiatric,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:216 (abstract no. M.B.2137)
Durako S, Muenz L, Hittelman J, Nozyce M, Willoughby A; Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA
To assess the impact of HIV infection on neurodevelopment by comparing repeated measurements of infected children (I), uninfected children of HIV+ women (U), and controls (C). Bayley Scales of Infant Development (MDI/PDI) were administered at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months to children enrolled i
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:216 (abstract no. M.B.2138)
Marazziti D, Perretta P, Nisita C, Galli L, Cassano GB, Scasso A, Gori S, Della Santa M; Istituto di Clinica Psichiatricca, Universita di Pisa
The aim of this study was to investigate if there are deficits of the main biogenic amine metabolites in urine and liquor of HIV infected, as well as to investigate the eventual correlations between these metabolites and psychiatric disorders, especially with mood disorders. SUBJECTS AND We included
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:216 (abstract no. M.B.2139)
Boccellari A, Dilley JW, Barlow I, Hernandez S, Haskell W, Steketee M; San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
To estimate the number of HIV spectrum patients with significant residential placement or management problems (Res Pro) secondary to HIV-related cognitive impairment (HCI) and to describe salient characteristics of HCI associated with management and Res Pro. To assess presence and severity of HCI (i
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:217 (abstract no. M.B.2140)
Tamburrini E, De Luca A, Ventura G, Maiuro G, Siracusano A, Ortona E, Antinori A; Clinica Malattie Infettive, Universita Cattolica S. Cuore, Roma, Italy
To test the ability of P.carinii to induce release of cytokines by monocytes/macrophages from healthy adult donors. 2.10(5)/ml monocytes or monocyte derived macrophages (mdM) (greater than 7 days cultures) were exposed to P.carinii cysts (from Sprague-Dawley rats) at the concentration of 10(3) and 1
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:217 (abstract no. M.B.2141)
Couderc LJ, Matheron S, Clauvel JP, Caubarrere I, Desgranges C; Hopital Foch, Suresnes, France
To examine the presence of human T lymphocytic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) or type 2 (HTLV-2) in HIV infected patients with lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis. PATIENTS AND Patients: 3 male patients (1 caucasian homosexual man; 2 heterosexual black patients). None was IV drug user. The two black patients s
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:217 (abstract no. M.B.2142)
Smith D, Boag F, Barton S, Davies S, Gazzard B; Westminster Hospital, London, England
To produce a clinical algorithm of appropriate simple investigations for predicting Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) in high risk patients. All HIV infected patients presenting to this unit with suspected PCP were assessed. Features considered to be suggestive of PCP were: 1) symptoms of dyspn
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:217 (abstract no. M.B.2143)
Jenny EB, Widrow CA, Coburn KD, Choi Y, McCabe KM, Graham FG, Wittner M, Harris CA; Bronx Municipal Hospital Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
To investigate the incremental contribution made by the addition of the IFA stain to a battery of conventional stains including Gram-Weigert (GW) and methenamine-silver (MS) used for the detection of PC in respiratory secretions. Laboratory records for the period 7/1/90 to 1/15/91 were reviewed. The
To investigate the prognostic utility of the morphological and immunologic evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell populations in determining the death hazard in patients with HIV-1-related pulmonary complications. BAL cell subpopulations obtained from 73 patients with first confirmed episod
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:218 (abstract no. M.B.2145)
Morresi A, Santoro D, Rinaldi E, Ferzi A, Scarpellini P, Bertelli D; Department of Radiology, S. Anna Hospital, Como - Italia
The role of HRCT of the lungs in patients with AIDS is discussed. Eighteen patients with AIDS and clinically suspected infectious pulmonary abnormalities underwent chest X-rays and HRCT. Radiological findings were compared with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 14 out of 18 patients and with clinical
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:218 (abstract no. M.B.2146)
Medrano FJ, Aguado I, Andreu J, Calderon E, Sanchez-Quijano A, Lissen E, Leal M; Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
INTRODUCTION: Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequently observed tumor in patients with AIDS, particularly in male homosexual. Recently, a few cases of patients infected by HIV-1 in whom the administration of steroids induced or activated a cutaneous KS which regressed after discontinuation of treatment, have report
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:218 (abstract no. M.B.2147)
Costa JR, Rubio R, Cervero M, Crespo L, Carnevali D, Guijarro C, Casillas A, Pulido F, Delgado R, Villena V; Hospital 12 de Octubre. Universidad Complutense. Madrid, Spain
To assess the potential usefulness of CMV culture from BAL for the diagnosis of CMV pneumonia in ps with AIDS. 24 episodes of interstitial pneumonia in 22 AIDS ps during a 18 months period were examined. We correlated the detection of CMV in BAL by culture with the presence of pathognomonic cells wi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:219 (abstract no. M.B.2148)
Leite KR, Fernandez A, Miziara AC; Hospital Sirio Libanes, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Strongyloides stercoralis (SS) is an endemic parasitosis in tropical and subtropical areas of the world and immunodepressed patients may have severe infections with this parasite. The authors present 3 patients with acquired immuno deficiency syndrome with interstitial pneumonitis demonstrated on chest X ray. They were
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:219 (abstract no. M.B.2149)
Galli G, Salvatori M, Antoni M, Pirronti T, Ventura G, Maiuro G, Ortona L; Istituto di Medicina Nucleare, Roma
To assess the efficacy and safety of 99Tc-HIG scintigraphy versus 67Ga scan in AIDS patients with pulmonary infections. Eleven AIDS patients (pts) (9 males 2 females; median age 31 y.o. range 25-44) with pulmonary infections (5 Pneumocystis carinii ( PCP ), 2 tuberculosi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:219 (abstract no. M.B.2150)
Quieffin J, Brechot JM, Poubeau P, Laaban JP, Capron F, Rochemaure J; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Place du Parvis Notre Dame - Paris - France
To describe the frequency, the causes and the clinical presentation of alveolar hemorrhage (AH) diagnosed by broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) in HIV individuals. All BAL performed in HIV individuals between September 1987 and December 1990 showing evidence of AH (hemosiderin laden macrophage score grea
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:219 (abstract no. M.B.2151)
Leclercq P, Lambrinidis M, Manquat G, Coulomb M, Micoud M; Maladies Infectieuses, Grenoble - France
AIMS of the study: This study was conducted to evaluate prospectively the use of HR CT scan in the screening of pulmonary complications in HIV disease and to focus on the early diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) by the HR CT scan technique. All HIV positive patients who were admitted in our ce
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:220 (abstract no. M.B.2152)
Saad MH, Ferreira MA, Kritski AL, Werneck EB, Cordeiro SG, Horta RM, Cavalcante SC, Santos VG, Fonseca LS; SH-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
To test whether antibodies (IgG) to specie specific glycolipid (SL-IV) from M. tuberculosis are formed in HIV infection, we investigated by ELISA sera from 86 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (18 had AIDS by CDC criteria; 24 were HIV+ without AIDS and 44 were HIV-) and 104 non-tuberculous controls (19 had AIDS; 40
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:220 (abstract no. M.B.2153)
Leigh T, Wiggins J, Gazzard BG, Collins JV; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Westminster Hospital, London, UK
We set out to characterise the severity and duration of bronchial narrowing (BN) induced by nebulised pentamidine isethionate (PI), and to compare the prophylactic efficacy of 2 delivery systems and 5 bronchodilator agents in preventing PI induced BN. Sixty three HIV positive patients without chroni
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:220 (abstract no. M.B.2154)
Korzeniewska-Kosela M, Fitzgerald JM, Vedal S, Allen EA, Schechter MT, Lawson L, Phillips P, Montaner JS; St. Paul's Hospital AIDS Research Group, Vancouver, Canada
To review all cases of TB/HIV in the province of British Columbia, Canada diagnosed from 1984-90. Cases were identified from the provincial TB registry and the St Paul s Hospital-HIV Clinic. All cases were reviewed with regard to clinical features, treatment and outcome using a standardized data col
To study incidence, clinical presentation and therapeutic results of PCP and PCP-relapses (PCP-R) under AP. Since May 1989, 50 HIV-infected pts were started on AP. 30 pts received PP. 20 pts SP. PP was begun in pts with a CD4+ count of less than 100/mul. 60 mg of AP were administered biweekly by a j
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:221 (abstract no. M.B.2156)
Tepass T, Wassermann K, Schell-Frederick E; Internal Medicine I, University of Cologne, FRG
To investigate the mechanisms underlying the prophylactic action of inhaled Pentamidine against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ). PATIENTS AND Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and neutrophils were isolated from normal donors and 10 HIV-infected patients (WR3-5) by density gradient cen
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:221 (abstract no. M.B.2157)
Tocci G, Antonelli L, Bordi E, D'amato C, Falco MC, Noto P, Visco G; U.S.L. RM/10 "L.Spallanzani" Hospital for Infectious Diseases. Rome, Italy.
To assess the efficacy of IS for detection of mycobacteria in IHPP. IS was examined in 191 consecutive patients with suspected respiratory disease. Sputum was induced by inalation of 20 ml of 3% saline through an ultrasonic nebuliser. In 108 patients (56,5%), who had spontaneous sputum (SS), both SS
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:221 (abstract no. M.B.2158)
Denis M, Chouaid C, Cadranel J, Gonzales G, Mayaud C; Rothschild, St Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
The objective of this retrospective study is to analyse the frequency, the pathogens responsible and the clinical data of pleural effusion (P.E) due to opportunistic infection (O.P.E) in AIDS pts. Incidence and responsible pathogens: between 1988 and 1990, 75 HIV-infected pts were admitted to the East Paris Hospitals b
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:221 (abstract no. M.B.2159)
Schechter M, Teixeira ML, Carvalho AC, Perez M; AIDS Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
To derive a rule based on simple clinical and lab data for predicting a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (Tb) in AIDS patients whose sputum investigation is negative. Chart review of AIDS patients submitted to diagnostic bronchoscopy between Dec 88 - Feb 90 in a hospital in
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:222 (abstract no. M.B.2160)
Martin M, Cox P, Styer C, Beall G; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
To determine and compare the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) in AIDS and ARC patients on three PCP prophylaxis drug regimens. A retrospective chart review of 211 patients, with CD-4 cell counts less than 200/mm(3) or a diagnosis of AIDS who received either trimethoprim/sulfametho
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:222 (abstract no. M.B.2161)
Kyale P, Rosen M, Game S, Markowitz N, Johnson C, Saravolatz L, Fulkerson W; Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, MI, USA
To determine whether a precipitous decline greater than or equal to 20%) in diffusing capacity (Decline-DLCO) without new pulmonary symptoms or new chest x-ray abnormalities (CXR-Abn) predicts the presence of PCP or other pulmonary infections in HIV-infected patients (pts.). In a multicenter study a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:222 (abstract no. M.B.2162)
Lundgren B, Lundgren JD, Jensen K, Mathiesen L, Nielsen JO, Kovacs JA; University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark
To investigate changes in antibody responses to one of the major surface antigens of P. carinii (gp95) in HIV positive patients who underwent bronchoscopy for pulmonary symptoms. Antibody responses to the purified human P. carinii surface antigen (gp 95) were determined by IgG ELISA, as a ratio of th
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:222 (abstract no. M.B.2163)
Zambello R, Trentin L, Crivellaro C, Salmaso L, Milani A, Cipriani A, Agostini C, Semenzato G; Padua University, PADUA, Italy
To investigate the mechanisms accounting for the proliferation of CD8+ cells in the lung of HIV-1+ patients we analyzed the role of two lymphokines which are involved in the mechanisms of T cell proliferation, i.e., interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). The phenotypic expression of the p5
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:223 (abstract no. M.B.2164)
Doyle R, Chernoff D, Golden J; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
To determine the clinical utility of PFTs in screening for PCP in HIV+ patients eligible for aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. We studied all patients referred to initiation of aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis over an 8 month period. Patients with symptoms suggestive of active pulmonary diseas
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:223 (abstract no. M.B.2165)
Chouaid C, Cadranel J, Winter C, Mehoyas MC; St Antoine Hospital, Paris, FRANCE
In HIV-infected patients (pts) with pleural effusion (P.E), the usual diagnostic problem is to distinguish between the two main causes which are infection and Kaposi s sarcoma (K.S). The objective of this retrospective study is to determine the contribution of clinical and radiological examination and analysis of pleur
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:223 (abstract no. M.B.2166)
Markowitz N, Reichman L, Kvale P, Saravolatz L, Johnson C, Hultsing J, Game S; Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
The study examines epidemiologic features of TB infection in HIV+ and HIV- patients (pts). PACS is a prospective multicenter study aimed at early detection of pulmonary processes related to HIV disease. Two groups of HIV+ pts were followed: A - 505 asymptomatics with CD4/mm(3) (CD4) greater than or
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:223 (abstract no. M.B.2167)
Libanore M, Sighinolfi L, Trevisani L, Poletti V, Gritti F; Divisione Malattie Infettive e Ia Divisione Medica, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
To evaluate the incidence of pulmonary toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients of the Northeastern Italy . From January 1984 to December 1990, 352 AIDS patients were admitted to Department of Infectious Diseases of Ferrara and Bologna, Italy. 286 (81,2%) with clinical and radiological signs of pulmonary invo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:224 (abstract no. M.B.2168)
Agostini C, Zambello R, Trentin L, Garbisa S, Francia Di Celle P, Ralse E, Poletti V, Foa R, Semenzato G; Padua University, PADUA, Italy
To study the capacity of alveolar macrophages (AMs) from HIV-1 infected patients to release tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). Resting AMs freshly recovered from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 8 patients with AIDS and 7 with ARC were tested for their ability to destroy TNF alpha-susceptib
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:224 (abstract no. M.B.2169)
Casalino E, Wolff M, Gaudebout C, Bedos JP, Lucet JC, Fegueux S, Vachon F; Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
To determine the long term survival for the HIV patients (pts.) who survived the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay. From Jan. 89 to Dec. 89, 124 HIV patients were admitted to our ICU. The causes of admission were: PCP revealing AIDS (PCP r) = 22 pts.; PCP non revealing AIDS (PCP nr) = 15 pts.; neurolog
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:224 (abstract no. M.B.2170)
Nunn P, Wasunna K, Kwanyah G, Gathua S, Imalingat A, Lucas S, Gilks C, Brindle R, Omwega M, Were J, et al; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
To compare relative incidence of CHR among HIV+ and HIV- TB patients. 287 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed TB presenting to IDH and Ngaira Avenue Chest Clinic were enrolled as part of a longitudinal follow-up study. 227 patients were treated with 1 month of streptomycin plus 12 months thia
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:224 (abstract no. M.B.2171)
Hofman P, Mondain V, Toussaint MG, Laffont C, Galibert A, Cassuto JP, Dellamonica P; Department of Pathology, University of Nice - FRANCE
We studied 42 post mortem cases of lung s multiple opportunistic infection in patients (pts) with AIDS. We compared these lesions with premortem diagnosis performed on transbronchial biopsy (TBB), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and open lung biopsy (OLB). 101 consecutive autopsies were performed betwe
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:225 (abstract no. M.B.2172)
Edlin BR, Tokars JI, Grieco MH, Crawford J, Williams J, Sordillo E, Ong K, Walter A, Jarvis WR, Holmberg SD; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
In 1990, the first recognized clusters of primary multiply resistant TB (MRTB) among hospitalized U.S. AIDS patients were reported. We investigated a cluster of 18 isoniazid- and streptomycin-resistant TB (ISRTB) cases among homosexual AIDS patients occurring over 16 months in a New York City hospital, to as
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:225 (abstract no. M.B.2173)
Duguay D, Falutz J, Tsoukas CM; McGill AIDS Centre, Montreal, Canada
PCP prophylaxis using aerosolized pentamidine (AP) reduces PCP incidence in susceptible HIV-infected patients (pts). Given the large numbers of pts at risk for PCP, effective home-based treatment would be practical. We analyzed the outcome of pts receiving home AP. Pts received 60 mg AP at home ever
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:225 (abstract no. M.B.2174)
DePalo VA, Salomon N, Kolokathis A, Perlman DC, Pumerantz A, Raucher B; Beth Israel Medical Center, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
To describe the characteristics of patients with drug-resistant Mtb. We retrospectively reviewed mycobacteriology logbooks and patient medical records from 1986 to 1990 for cases of Mtb. Isolates were tested for sensitivity to 0.2 and 1.0 ug/ml isoniazid (INH), 1.0 and 2.0 ug/ml rifampin (RIF), 2.0
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:225 (abstract no. M.B.2175)
Bray DH, Squire SB, Bagdades EK, Mulvenna PM, Johnson MA, Poulter LW; Departments of Immunology, Virology and Thoracic Medicine, Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, Hampstead, London NW3 2QG, UK
To investigate whether occurrence of pneumonitis in HIV infected patients is related to phenotypic changes in alveolar macrophages (AM). AM were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 35 HIV infected patients presenting with pneumonitis. AM from 15 transplant recipients with pneumonitis and 1
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:226 (abstract no. M.B.2176)
Mukadi Y, Perriens J, Kaboto M, Roscigno G, Prignot J, Portaels F, Ngamboli K, Williame J, Piot P, St Louis M; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire
Evaluate the need for and efficacy of prolonged treatment (Rx) for primary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected persons. METHODS and 200 HIV- and 315 HIV+ patients with pulmonary TB were Rx d with rifampicin (R), pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and INH (H) daily for 2 mos. followed by rifampicin a
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:226 (abstract no. M.B.2177)
Coker R, Moss F, Peters B, Nieman R, Mitchell D, Harris J; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
To determine the risk of pneumothorax associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) and the role of aerosolised pentamidine in its aetiology. 298 patients with AIDS treated at St. Mary s Hospital between Jan. 1989 and Jan. 1991 were studied. Episodes of pneumothorax were documented, and past
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:226 (abstract no. M.B.2178)
Sloand E, Kumar P, Pierce P; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
To determine the effect of chemotherapy on survival in AIDS patients with PKS and compare it to the 3 mo median survival of historical controls. 14 AIDS patients with PKS were treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of daunorubicin (20 mg/m(2)), bleomycin (15 units/m(2)), vinblastine (4mg/m
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:226 (abstract no. M.B.2179)
Amador C, Guitierrez F, Chiner E, Calpe JL, Ortiz de la Tabla V, Pasquau F, Vilar A; Hospital de Villajoyosa, Alicante, Spain
Bordetella bronchieseptica (BB) is a common veterinary pathogen. It has rarely been implicated in human infections and most of them occurred in immunocompromissed patients. However, there are not reports in the literature of infections in BB in AIDS patients. We present two cases of AIDS with respiratory infections by
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:227 (abstract no. M.B.2180)
Klein RS, Motyl M; Montefiore Medical Ctr/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
To determine the rate of unsuspected tuberculosis (TB) among patients suspected of having PCP , in a city with many cases of TB. Patients having sputum induction for suspected PCP had specimens stained for P. carinii by direct immunofluorescence and for mycobacteria by Kinyoun stain and cultured for
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:227 (abstract no. M.B.2181)
Berlie HC, David HL, Cruaud P, Papa F, Petit JC; Hopital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
Sera from more than 50 tuberculous patients infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) were tested by ELISA using the phenol glycolipid (PGL-Tb1) and the sulfolipid (SL-IV) antigens isolated from M tuberculosis . In all cases the diagnosis of tuberculosis was bacteriologically confirmed by isolation and ident
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:227 (abstract no. M.B.2182)
Brillhart T, Gathe J Jr, Piot D, Stool E, Ussery F, Pope-Pegram L, Mabrie H; Foscarnet Research Study, Houston, Texas, USA
To document and describe the first cases of cytomegaloviral rhinosinusitis in patients with AIDS. Prospective follow up of two patients with biopsy proven cytomegaloviral rhinosinusitis. Appropriate x-rays, laboratory, and histopathology are available for review. (Patient 1) 41 year old mal
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:227 (abstract no. M.B.2183)
Glassroth J, Wallace J, Hopewell P, Jordan M; Northwestern U, Chicago, IL, USA
To define the use of available interventions to prevent HIV associated lung infections by participants in a study of pulmonary complications of HIV. Responses to a standardized questionnaire by 1369 participants at 6 U.S. Centers were analyzed for the use of preventive interventions. Subjects includ
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:228 (abstract no. M.B.2184)
Brandini L, Mastrolorenzo A, Tiradritti L, Rapaccini AL, Zuccati G, Panconesi E; Department of SID, Institute of Dermatology, University of Florence, Italy
The clinical course of AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma is profoundly variable depending on the subject. In order to assess if a close relationship exists between the clinical stages of the tumor and certain immunologic parameters, we studied the possibility of a correlation between the clinical types and the degree of im
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:228 (abstract no. M.B.2185)
Pestiglione A, Conte M, Galderisi P, Di Nicuolo G, Esposito C, Smeraglia R, Gnarini R; Ospedale "D. Cotugno" Naples - Italy
our study aims at evaluating the incidence of yeasts presence in the oropharyngeal cavity of HIV positive patients and their association whith pathogenic bacteria. 250 oropharingeal smears of as many patients hospitalized at Ospedale D. Cotugno of Naples from 7/9/88 to 31/12/90 have been examined. F
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:228 (abstract no. M.B.2186)
Main J, Gompels M, McWilliams S, Harris JR, Pinching AJ; Dept of Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
To access the efficacy and tolerance of Odansetron, a novel anti-emetic agent, for TMP-SMX induced nausea and vomiting. Subjects presenting with their first episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) were treated with Odansetron 8mg tds orally for 25 days and TMP-SMX (TMP 20 mg/Kg, SMX 100mg/K
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:228 (abstract no. M.B.2187)
Schwenk J, Buerger B, Salzberger B, Factkenheuer G, Skorupka M, Ollenschlaeger G, Schrappe M; Nutrition and HIV-Infection Study Group, University of Cologne, Germany
To identify clinical risk situations in HIV infection, and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of intensified oral nutritional intervention (IONI) in severely ill and malnourished patients (pts). PATIENTS AND From all 98 HIV-positive pts in our ongoing prospective study on IONI (11/89-1/91), 38 pts w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:229 (abstract no. M.B.2188)
Annick G, Zamora L, Caumes E, Katlama C, Bricaire F, Gentilini M; Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere - 75013 PARIS, FRANCE
To compare clinical and biological characteristics of cutaneous side effects (SE) of pyrimethemine/sulfadiazine (P/S) vs pyrimethamine/clindamycin (P/C). A cohort of AIDS- patients treated for TE with P (100 mg as loading dose followed by 50 mg/d) associated to S (4 g/d) or C (2, 4 g/d) during 6 wee
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:229 (abstract no. M.B.2189)
Hatzakis A, Karafoulidou A, Polychronaki H, Miriagou V, Gialeraki A, Yannitsiotis A, Mandalaki T; Athens Univ. Medical School, Athens, Greece
Hepatomegaly (HEP) is a common clinical finding in AIDS patients. However, specific pathogens or causes have been revealed in less than 50 percent of AIDS patients who underwent liver biopsy. The aim of this study is to investigate whether HIV infection is independently associated with hepatomegaly. METHODS:
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:229 (abstract no. M.B.2191)
Demelia L, Vallebona E, Pintus A, Lussu C, Contu L; Cattedra di Gastroenterologia, Istituto di Clinica Medica, Universita' di Cagliari, Italy
To study the prevalence of HBV and HDV infection and the liver disease activity in HIV-positive drug addicts. We examined 78 Sardinian HIV+ drug addicts (3 Asymptomatic, 36 with PGL, 22 with ARC, 1 with AIDS). In each subject we determined HBsAg, AntiHBs, AntiHBc, AntiHDIgM (Sorin RIA,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:230 (abstract no. M.B.2192)
Rosenthal E, Pesce A, Vinti H, Chichmanian RM, Bodokh I, Vitetta A, Dubois D, Cassuto JP; Centre Hospitalier Regional et Universitaire de Nice, France
Adverse drug reactions, and especially skin side-effects, are frequent in AIDS patients. Toxic Epidermal necrolysis (TEN) remains rare, most often caused by the sulfonamides. We report two cases of TEN in HIV-infected individuals secondary to chlormezanone and fluoxetine. To our knowledge, TEN in HIV-infected individua
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:230 (abstract no. M.B.2193)
Milpied B, Dutartre H, Huard A, Blanchard P, Raffi F, Litoux P; Department of Dermatology, CHU Nantes, France
To describe and discuss etiology of diffuse skin hyperpigmentation in AIDS patients with advanced disease. We report diffuse skin hyperpigmentation in nine white AIDS patients, always with advanced and cachectic disease and acute immunosuppression (CD4 cells less than 50c mm). This pigmentation occu
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:230 (abstract no. M.B.2194)
Grosvenor M, Tai V, Novak D, Beall G, Kruger S, Chlebowski R; Habor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
We have compared the use of nutritional supplements (NS) to nutritional status in HIV-infected persons. Prospective nutritional assessment with 7-day food records in 120 HIV-infected patients. The use of NS was specially noted. Sixty percent of the HIV-infected subjects consumed NS compared
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:230 (abstract no. M.B.2195)
Swango P, Kleinman D, Konzelman J; NIDR, Bethesda, MD, USA
To determine the incidence of oral mucosal pathologies in HIV-infected individuals in a 6-month period. Standardized oral mucosal examinations were conducted at 6-month intervals in participants in a natural history study of HIV infection at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Smears of suspected c
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:231 (abstract no. M.B.2196)
Porro AM, Almeida FA, Turcato G Jr, Teixeira PR, Pinto WP, Castro RM; AIDS - Reference and Training Center
Four hundred eighty five HIV infected patients were screened for skin and mucous membrane manifestations at two AIDS reference centers in Sao Paulo city from May 1988 to July 1990. All these patients were submitted to complete dermatological examination; skin scraping for potassium hydroxide and biopsy were performed w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:231 (abstract no. M.B.2197)
De Sanctis Giuseppe M, Errera G, Russini M, Vassiliou V, Leonetti G, Di Giulio A, Falciano M, Chircu LV; Instituto di Malattie Infettive, Universita La Sapienza, Roma
Compliance and benefit of interferon (IFN) in patients with chronic HBV, HDV or HCV hepatitis (CH), at risk for HIV (drug abusers DA, homosexuals OMO, promiscuous heterosexuals, SEX, polytransfused subjects, PTH). Patients and therapy: 16 HIV+ DA (10 HCV, 3 NANB, 3 HDV) and 48 HIV- (43 DA/OMO/SEX, 5 PTH: 37
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:231 (abstract no. M.B.2198)
Dickmeyer MS, Brown S, Pursell K, Thaler H, Armstrong D; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
To determine the effectiveness of megestrol acetate as a treatment for weight loss in people with AIDS in a randomized double-blind, placebo controlled study. A total of 33 AIDS patients with anorexia and weight loss of greater than or equal to 10% of ideal body weight were randomly assigned to one
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:231 (abstract no. M.B.2199)
Leoncini F, Carbonai S, D'Elia D, Paladini A, Stefanelli S, Dionisio D; Infectious Disease Departments of Prato
Cryptosporidium enteritis (CE) represents a major problem for AIDS patients. Up to date many therapeutic agents have been tried but no treatment proved to be effective and safe. Here we report the successful treatment with the antifungal drug fluconazole in 4 AIDS patients. Our first observation regards a 34-year old h
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:232 (abstract no. M.B.2200)
Shen D, Lake-Bakaar G; Dept of Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center at Stony Brook, New York
HIV infection may interfere with antibody production, we therefore elected to look at the Anti-HCV titre using an EIA (Abbott, Chicago) assay in a population with high prevalence of HIV disease. We measured Anti-HVC in previously stored (-20C) sera of 182 IVDA. Patients were grouped into HIV-, HIV+ pre-aids and AIDS. A
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:232 (abstract no. M.B.2201)
Soubry R, Clerinx J, Banyangiliki V, Kagame A, Batungwamayo J, Bogaerts J, Taelman H, Vandeperre P; Centre Hospitalier de Kigali Rwanda
To study the efficacy and tolerance of fluconazole capsules versus itraconazole oral solution in the treatment of HIV-infected patients with oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis . HIV1-infected (E1A and WB positive) patients presenting with pseudomembranous oral and esophageal candidiasis are tr
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:232 (abstract no. M.B.2202)
Chicarino J, Grinsztejn B, Maya T, Velloso V, Maceira J, Oliveira AV; Evandro Chagas Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
A 26 year-old man, white, homosexual, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil , had a diagnosis of AIDS group IV (CD5, 1987) in November 1989, when he presented a clinical and tomographic pictures of SNC toxoplasmosis and thrush . Clinical evolution showed a progressive loss of weight, daily fever, diarrhea and prostation.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:232 (abstract no. M.B.2203)
Gaglioti D, Ficarra G, Adler-Storthz K, Pimpinelli N, Piluso S, Meli M; University of Florence and USL 10/D and 10/A, Florence, Italy
To describe 4 cases of oral lichenoid reaction (OLR) in HIV+ patients (pts). Four pts abruptly developed OLR during the course of HIV infection. Clinical and histopathologic features and association with drugs were studied. To rule out EBV and HPV infection tissues were examined by in situ DNA hybri
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:233 (abstract no. M.B.2204)
Beaugerie L, Goujard F, Gharakhanian S, Melefosse M, Le Quintrec Y, Rozenbaum W; Rothschild Hospital, 75012 Paris, France
To discuss the etiology and management of toxic megacolon, through the description of four AIDS patients (pts). The medical records of 4 pts followed up and treated at Rothschild (University) Hospital, and presenting a toxic megacolon in 1990 were studied. All pts were seen in an emergency setting,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:233 (abstract no. M.B.2205)
Errera G, De Sanctis GM, Barbacini IG, Bianchi P, Russini M, Vessiliou V, Chircu LV; University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
Prevalence of hepatitis B , C and D markers (HBV, HCV, HDV) in HIV Ab+ patients. METHODS AND PATIENTS: HAV, HBV and HDV markers were researched by RIA (Abbott), HCV and HIV abs by ELISA (Ortho and Abbott, respectively), alanine aminotransferase by an autoanalyzer. ALT in 710 subjects (nearly all affected by
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:233 (abstract no. M.B.2206)
Tradati F, Santagostino E, Gringeri A, Simoni L, Rumi MG, Romeo R, Mannucci PM; A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center and Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
To evaluate the relationship of HIV infection to the severity of chronic hepatitis in anti-HCV positive multitransfused hemophiliacs. PATIENTS. Of 170 anti-HCV positive hemophiliacs, 65 were anti-HIV positive (+) (age 3-59 years, median 23) and 105 anti-HIV negative (-) (age: 4-71 years, median 28). All were
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:233 (abstract no. M.B.2207)
Livrozet JM, Marchand C, Saint-Marc T, Garnier JL, Nicolas JF, Hermier C, Touraine JL; Hopital Edouard Herriot Lyon, France
Basal-cell epitheliomas are rare events among HIV seropositive patients. We report 2 cases, one of which recurred twice. A 35 year old male presented with necrotic herpes zoster and, on that occasion, was found to be HIV-seropositive. Eight months later, while being CDC stage IV C2 he presented aphasia and alexia due t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:234 (abstract no. M.B.2208)
Rabeneck L, Crane MM, Lacke CE, Risser JM, Wray NP; Baylor College of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
Sexually tramitted enteric pathogens and immunodeficiency have been proposed to explain the diarrhea occurring in HIV-infected patients. We assessed the relative importance of these 2 factors by determining the frequency of diarrheal episodes in HIV-infected homosexual/bisexual (H/B) men by HIV transmission
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:234 (abstract no. M.B.2209)
Fegueux S, Menasie S, Maslo C, Elias A, Branger M, Jaulin P, Couland JP; Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
To determine prospectivally prevalence of HCVAb in HIV(+) patients (pts). 92 consecutive HIV(+) pts presenting at day-care hospital were studied for: HBV Ab; HCVAb by Ortho HCV ELISA; Ortho HCV RIBA1 in HCV ELISA(+) ORTHO HCV RIBA2 with structural proteins antigens in 5 RIBA1 indeterminate (Ind.) an
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:234 (abstract no. M.B.2210)
Mazzotta F, De Pietro M, Mecocci L, Balocchini E, Marino N, Bartolozzi D, D'Agata A, Meli M, Pierotti P, Vivarelli A, et al; Infectious Disease Division, Careggi Hospital, USL 10/D Florence Italy
In this study we have studied the epidemiological and clinical correlation between HIV and Hepatitis Viruses infections in positive and negative people for anti-HIV antibodies (HIV +/- ve). The Mortality rate relates to hepatitis viruses is 8,3% in our HIV+ve cases (109 deaths). We have studied 660 people (IVDU, Homose
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:234 (abstract no. M.B.2211)
Mazzotta F, De Pietro M, Vivarelli A, Pierotti P, D'Agata A, Parri F, De Majo E, Paci P; Infectious Disease Division, Careggi Hospital, USL 10/D Florence, Italy
We studied 24 ex-IVDU HIV+ve pts, who were affected by anti-HCV+ve NANB-CH and 12 HIV-ve pts with anti-HCV+ve NANB-CH. 5 HIV+ve pts. were asymptomatics (CDC 87 II/III; T4 levels 540-1023( (GROUP A); 10 people were asymptomatics but with lower T4 levels (170-490) (GROUP B); 9 pts. were classified like ARC (IVA/C2) (GROU
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:235 (abstract no. M.B.2212)
Alonso R, Chow J, Gonzalez J, Lue Y, Sloan H, Williams F; Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center and New York Medical College, the Bronx, New York, USA
To determine components of oral microflora in HIV infected children and establish pathogenic potential of microorganisms found in oral cavity. Population include 45 children from age 2 to 16 years. Children under age of 4 where there was no full eruption of primary dentition were swabbed in palate,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:235 (abstract no. M.B.2213)
Pol S, Pialoux G, Carnot F, Romana C, Dupont B, Berthelot P; Unite d'Hepatologie, Hopital Laennec, Paris, France
Liver abnormalities are frequent in HIV positive patients. We have prospectively evaluated the microbiological utility of liver biopsy in patients with AIDS and unexplained febrile cholestasis. Fever was a long-lasting temperature of more than 38 degrees C and cholestasis was defined by a more than
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:235 (abstract no. M.B.2214)
Yarrish R, Sepulveda J, Torres R, Britton D; St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
To describe a unique case of invasive disease secondary to a rare mold, Aureobasidium pullulans in a patient with late stage AIDS. The patient is a 46 year old Spanish homosexual male HIV seropositive since 2/88 with a previous history of esophageal candidiasis , Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, My
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:235 (abstract no. M.B.2215)
Wormser GP, Horowitz H, Forseter G, Joline C, Tupper B, O'Brien TA; N.Y. Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
To determine the prevalence of HCV co-infection in HIV-1 infected IVDU in the NYC area and to determine changes in the prevalence during the 4 year period 1987-1990. Sera collected between 1987-1990 from 150 different HIV-infected IVDU were tested for antibodies to HCV by ELISA. Samples testing posi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:236 (abstract no. M.B.2216)
Bernard E, Michiels JF, Durant J, Hoffman P, Saint-Paul MC, Delgiudice P, Dellamonica P; Infection and tropical diseases, Archet Hospital, Nice, France
To estimate the prevalence of small intestinal microsporidiosis in AIDS patients in NICE using light and electron microscopy of the duodenal mucosae. Biopsies were performed during gastro-intestinal endoscopy from one and more sites including small bowel in 48 unselected patients. Samples were studi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:236 (abstract no. M.B.2217)
Janier M, Strazzi S, Marcelli A, Puppin D Jr, Morel P; Department of Dermatology and STD clinic, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
Some authors have stressed the kinetics of syphilis antibodies were altered in HIV+ patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the modifications of the STS in a longitudinal survey of HIV+ patients. 268 HIV+ patients followed-up prospectively, were screened for syphilis (history, clinical, TPHA,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:236 (abstract no. M.B.2218)
Girault C, Borsa-Lebas F, Humbert G; Hopital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
Demodex folliculorum, a commun ectoparasite of man, may be considered as an important etiologic agent in the papulo-nodular pruritic eruption in AIDS. We analysed erythematous papulo-nodular and pustular dermatitis in 4 homosexual AIDS patients, characterized by acute onset and pruritus, localized t
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:236 (abstract no. M.B.2219)
Mohle-Boetani J, Akula S, Holodny M, Katzenstein D, Garcia G; Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, California, USA
INTRODUCTION: The sulfone syndrome, a severe hypersensitivity reaction, has been reported in patients treated with dapsone for leprosy, tuberculosis and dermatologic disorders. Low-dose dapsone is effective in chemoprophylaxis of PCP in patients with HIV disease. We report a patient with AIDS, who developed an illness
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:237 (abstract no. M.B.2220)
Diaz RS, Tashibana CY, Lewi DS, Ferraz ML, Neto MC, Silva AE, Castelo A; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo
To study the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Delta Hepatitis and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in HIV positive patitients. We studied 100 consecutive HIV seropositive patients who consulted on AIDS-clinics in 1990. After consent, epidemiological data were asked and sera sample were took. Serolo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:237 (abstract no. M.B.2221)
Geraci A, Lavigne J, Schorr-Lesnick B, Kehoe J, Menechino A; Laser Medical Associates, New York, NY, USA
Condylomata acuminata have long been known to be associated with anal and cervical neoplasms. This study was conducted to determine if there exists a further association between these neoplastic changes in the anorectum of the HIV-infected male who presents with anogenital warts. A retrospective cha
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:237 (abstract no. M.B.2222)
Munoz DF, Iniguez JA, Carbo J, Garcia M, Lago M, Diaz F, Garcia Sanchez A, Verdejo J, Fernandez J, Salamanca R; CIC-Inst. Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
OBJETIVE: Several cases of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) with skin and liver involvement have recently reported, this report deals with four new cases in Madrid. PATIENTS AND Four patients, male, under 40 years old, 2 intravenous drugs abusers 1 homosexual and 1 heterosexual who admitted sporadic intercourses
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:237 (abstract no. M.B.2223)
Silva MA, Mello CE, Correa LM, Correa MM, Chaves HR, Paz MA; University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
The evaluation of clinical, biochemical, serological and morphological data of liver involvement in high risk groups with AIDS was the aim of this work. Our purpose was to determine the spectrum of liver disease in AIDS and the clinic morphological correlation in order to ascertain if any clinical or patholo
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:238 (abstract no. M.B.2224)
Flegg PJ, Cameron DA, Burns SM, Brettle RP; Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
To assess the significance of chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) as a cause of death within the HIV-infected Drug user cohort in Edinburgh. Hepatitis markers have been determined in 381 HIV-infected drug users. Hepatitis B markers have been determined for all of the cohort, and Hepatitis C and Delta (HCV
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:238 (abstract no. M.B.2225)
Gorin L, Gehanno P, Escande JP; Department of Dermatology - Hopital Cochin-Tarnier - 75006 - Paris, France
Some patients with AIDS have pharyngeal ulcerations which are always hyperalgic, interfere considerably with nutrition and contribue to general deterioration. With the exception of cytomegalovirus infection, which produces ulcerations of the lower digestive tract, the cause of these manifestations is unknown
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:238 (abstract no. M.B.2226)
Batman P, Kapembwa M, Sedgwick P, Lucas S, Sewankambo N, Serwadda D, Griffin G; St. George's Hospital Medical School, Tooting, London, England
To quantify jejunal morphology in HIV infected African patients. Jejunal biopsies were taken by Crosby capsule from 16 HIV positive Ugandan patients (H) (6 AIDS-related complex, 10 AIDS) and 7 Ugandan HIV negative control subjects (C). Biopsies were fixed in formalin, processed to paraffin wax, and
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:238 (abstract no. M.B.2227)
Heise W, Arasteh K, Mostertz P, Nehm K, Skorde J, Grosse G, L'age M; Auguste - Viktoria - Hospital, FRG West Berlin
To describe the incidence of opportunistic infections and tumours diagnosed by endoscopy in AIDS patients with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and to monitor the importance of endoscopic procedures combined with microbiological methods. 496 HIV-patients (80% CDC IV B-D) presented with GI symptoms lik
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:239 (abstract no. M.B.2228)
Ramael M, Colpaert C, Colebunders R, Goeman J, Lachenal M, Van Marck E; Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
To determine the prevalence of hairy leukoplakia (HL) in HIV(+) and HIV(-) immunocompromised patients. The prevalence of HL was determined in a post mortem study of HIV(+) and HIV(-) immunocompromised patients and in HIV(-) immunocompetent patients who died at the University hospital, Antwerp. Durin
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:239 (abstract no. M.B.2229)
Elia C, Madi K, Silva CVF, Belo MT, Trajman A, Zaltman C; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
To investigate the etiology of the diarrhea in a HIV-infected patient and to report the first case of atypical intestinal mycobacteriosis mimicking Whipple s disease (WD) in a HIV-infected patient diagnosed in vivo in Latin America. Stool examination for parasites and culture were done. Jejunal biop
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:239 (abstract no. M.B.2230)
Sherlock C, Sibau L, Cook D, Middleton P, Gill P; University of B.C., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
To determine the prevalence of hepatitis C antibody (HCV-ab) in individuals infected with HIV or uninfected but at high risk for infection. Sera were selected retrospectively from those received for routine HIV testing in the Provincial testing laboratories. Only patients with identified high-risk b
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:239 (abstract no. M.B.2231)
McGregor J, Newell ME, Kirkham N, Ross J, McGibbon D, Darley C; Department of Dermatology, St. Thomas Hosp., London, UK
Three patients with HIV disease were found to have cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). The staging of melanoma at presentation was found to inversely correlate with absolute CD4 counts. In addition, a sparse lymphocytic infiltrate was found in association with the melanoma in 2 cases which is thought to correlate with
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:240 (abstract no. M.B.2232)
Abati S, Achilli A, Sardella A, Gringeri A, Carrassi A; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Hemophiliacs are at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The recent literature has reported seroconversion rates ranging from 35% to 92%. This study investigates the presence of oral and perioral lesions in a cohort of patients receiving care at the Milan hemophilia treatment center. M
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:240 (abstract no. M.B.2233)
Flynn N, Enders S, Oster M, Fajerson T; University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento CA, USA
To compare changes in weight (W), appetite level (AL) and perceived level of well-being (WB) in patients (pts) with AIDS treated with placebo (P) or megestrol acetate (MA) 800 mg/day in a once-a-day liquid formulation. Pts had documented W loss of greater than or equal to 10% of ideal body weight (IBW) or,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:240 (abstract no. M.B.2234)
Seifert A, Stellbrink HJ, Albrecht H, Gross G; University of Hamburg, Department of Dermatology, Hamburg, Germany
Interferon-gamma has been introduced recently as a promising new therapeutic agent for the treatment of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Especially in HIV-infected individuals less suppression of the bone marrow will be found with this regimen than with pentavalent antimonium preparations. On the other side contra
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:240 (abstract no. M.B.2235)
Cassone A, Quinti I, Guerra E, Palma C, Gomez MJ, Testa U, Aiuti F; Laboratory of Bacteriology & Medical Mycology, I.S.S., Rome Italy
To study PBMC proliferation, cytotoxicity and lymphokine production by PBMC from HIV-1 infected subjects in response to chemically-defined immunodominant mannoprotein antigens of Candida albicans. Mannoproteins (GMP-F2) were extracted and purified by ion-exchange chromatography. Subjects at differen
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:241 (abstract no. M.B.2236)
DeBernardis F, Mondello F, Quinti I, Guerra E, Visconti E, Cassone A; Laboratory of Bacteriology & Medical Mycology, I.S.S., Rome, Italy
As the ability to secrete an aspartyl-proteinase is one major characteristic of virulent strains of Candida we examined the prevalence of proteolytic strains in the oropharynx and the amount of proteinase secreted in vitro by fungal isolates from HIV-infected subjects. Yeast species, strain and biot
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:241 (abstract no. M.B.2237)
Picard C, Crickx B, Fegueux S, Carbon C, Margent P, Belaich S; Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, France
To describe 5 case reports of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) recorded between 1987 and 1990. Retrospective study. They were 5 men: 3 homosexual, 1 drug addict, 1 heterosexual infected via casual sexual contact with prostitutes. They were on an average 34,2 years old. Diagnosis of PCT was sus
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:241 (abstract no. M.B.2238)
Croser D, Ettlinger P, Hickman M, McClaren A, Pindborg JJ;
The aims of this study were to quantatively assess the association between oral lesions with systemic HIV disease by relationship to the clinical well being of the patient and known haematological and serological markers of disease stage. During 1989 and 1990 all patients attending a dedicated Denta
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:241 (abstract no. M.B.2239)
Bruatto M, Moniaci D, Raiteri R, Cavallari M, Greco D, Tovo PA, Sinicco A; Insitute of Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
To evaluate the relationships between C.albicans biotypes and clinical features of oral lesions associated with HIV-1. From March 1990 to January 1991 we periodically followed 18 children born from HIV-1 positive mothers, presenting erythematous, pseudomembranous candidiasis and angular cheilit
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:242 (abstract no. M.B.2241)
Cosnes J, Gharakhanian S, Beaugerie L, Lamy P, Gendre JP, LeQuintrec Y, Rozenbaum W; Rothschild Hospital, 75012 Paris, France
To evaluate tolerance and efficacy of enteral nutrition (EN) in the specific setting of AIDS patients (pts) with digestive disease. Pts hospitalised in the gastroenterology dept. of Rothschild (University) hospital who had received EN support in 1989-90 were retrospectively studied for tolerance and
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:242 (abstract no. M.B.2242)
Bassetti D, Di Perri G, Fendt D, Solbiati M, Marocco S, Mazzi R, Concia E; Institute of Infectious Diseases of the University of Verona, Italy
Diarrhoea is often recorded in patients with HIV infection, not always firmly associated with enteric pathogens. In many cases (especially with drug abusers) no microbiological causes are found and a multifactorial origin is suggested. While pathological data support that HIV itself may be the cause of diarrhoea (by di
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:242 (abstract no. M.B.2243)
Weinke T, Rohde I, Schiller R, Fehrenbach FJ, Pohle HD; II Medical Clinic, Klinikun Rudolf Virchow/Wedding, Freie Universitat, Berlin, Germany
Staphylococcal bacteremia is after mycobacterial infections the most frequent generalized bacterial complication in our HIV-infected patients. We wanted to see whether an increased carriage rate of S. aureus is a risk factor for staphylococcal bacteremia. Nasal and throat carriage of S. aureus was investigated in 136 c
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:243 (abstract no. M.B.2244)
Harelimana F, Bugingo G; University of Rwanda, Butare, Rwanda
To study the various skin manifestations of HIV infection in order to select those liable to serve as sentinel signs for HIV epidemic in Rwanda . Between 1985 and 1990, 1020 patients, aged from 15 to 50 years, chosen from the Dermatology Clinic s attendants were screened for HIV1 antibodies. Skin bi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:243 (abstract no. M.B.2245)
Muller F, Froland SS, Fagerhol MK; Institute of Bacteriology, Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Department A, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway
The calcium-binding protein calprotectin of L1 has recently been shown to inhibit the in vitro growth of different Candida species. To investigate the role of calprotectin in oral candidiasis , we have quantified calprotectin in parotid salivary samples from individuals with HIV infection. Stimulate
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:243 (abstract no. M.B.2246)
Romagnoli P, Ficarra G, Pimpinelli N, Milo D; University of Florence USL 10/D, Florence, Italy
Antigen presenting cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), are negatively affected by HIV infection. Since systemic alterations of the immune system are not necessary prerequisite for many organ pathologies occurring during HIV infection, this research investigated on possible alterations of the DCs of the o
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:243 (abstract no. M.B.2247)
Schofer H, Ochsendorf F, Hochscheid I, Milbradt R; JW Goethe University, Dept. for Dermatology, Frankfurt/Main, FRG
To evaluate the therapeutic effect of liquid nitrogen, intralesional vincristine, radiotherapy and camouflage for facial Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). HIV-infected patients (pts) with facial KS and secondary psychological problems by these eyecatching tumours were enrolled in this open study. The aim was t
Different studies have shown that additional infections, e.g. with HSV or VZV, may cause a progress of HIV-infection. So it seems to be useful to have a prophylaxis against these infections. From 1986 to 1990 350 patients (pts), all CDC IV, all IgG- positive for HSV, VZV and EBV, all with CD4 counts
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:244 (abstract no. M.B.2249)
Bonfim de Lima D, Jurado da Silva E, Ribeiro Gomes V, Paiva DD, Nogueira Martins EM; State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
To evaluate colonic involvement in AIDS patients with diarrhea. From August 1985 to December 1990, 41 patientes were studied by the same physicians at the Department of Infectious Diseases and private clinic. They presented diarhoea for more than 30 days. Among them were 26 homosexual and 10 bisexua
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:244 (abstract no. M.B.2250)
Heinic G, Katz MH, Chan AK, Hollander H, Chernoff DN, Greenspan JS, Greenspan D; Oral AIDS Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Zidovudine ( AZT ) has in-vitro activity against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the causative agent of hairy leukoplakia (HL), and has been reported to resolve HL in some HIV-infected patients. However, reports of resolution of HL with AZT are difficult to evaluate because the rate of spontaneous resolution of HL
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:245 (abstract no. M.B.2252)
Bernal A, Piot D, Gathe J Jr, Clemons J, Lynch M, Del Junco G; Special Disease Unit, Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, Texas USA
To analyze the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in AIDS patients and correlate it with gastric acid content. BACKGROUND: Previous reports (1,2,3) have drawn conflicting results as to the prevalence of HP in patients with AIDS. Hypochlorhydria has been described as a common occurrence in AIDS patients.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:245 (abstract no. M.B.2253)
Klein KB, Creagh-Kirk T, Maha M, Joseph M, Jacobs M, Nunnally P, Kirk LE; Divisions of Clin. Research, Burroughs Wellcome, Co., Res. Tri. Park, N.C. 27709
Burroughs Wellcome Co. has received spontaneous reports of liver abnormalities (hepatomegaly, fatty liver, and elevated serum aminotransferases) in HIV+ patients who had taken zidovudine. The objective of this study was to clarify the relationship between zidovudine administration and these hepatic abnormali
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:245 (abstract no. M.B.2254)
Lim SG, Menzies IS, Lee CA, Johnson MA, Pounder RE; Dept. of Medicine and Medical School, Haemophilia Centre and AIDS Unit of the Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
To assess the incidence of abnormal intestinal permeability in patients with HIV. The urinary lactulose:rhamnose ratio (LRR) was measured in a 5-hour urine collection after drinking an oral iso-osmolar solution (Lactulose 5g, rhamnose 1g, xylose 5g, 3-0-methyl glucose 2.5g); 44 HIV positive patients
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:245 (abstract no. M.B.2255)
Lau RK, Farrell PJ, Birchall M, Waldron S, Young LS, Rickinson A, Greenspan J; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
To describe and characterise the patterns of EBV gene transcription and protein expression in OHL. OHL biopsies were obtained from HIV-infected subjects. RNA was extracted and analysed by Northern blots. OHL cryosections were used for immunohistochemistry and DNA in situ hybridization. Nort
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:246 (abstract no. M.B.2256)
Reka S, Brooks E, Kotler DP; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
To determine the effect of protein energy malnutrition (M) and enteric infections upon tissue production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a measure of the mucosal inflammatory response. 14 AIDS having small intestinal biopsy were studied. Eight infections were present in five AIDS;
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:246 (abstract no. M.B.2257)
Elia C, Oliveira AV, Cuzzi-Maya T, Belo MT, Silva CV, Zaltman C, Trajman A; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BRAZIL
To evaluate the immunoglobulin (Ig) pattern in the intestinal mucosa of 62 HIV-infected patients in different stages of the disease and to compare it to an 18 volunteers control group. Peroral jejunal biopsy was performed in 16 asymptomatic HIV-carriers, 46 AIDS patients and 18 controls. Specimens w
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:246 (abstract no. M.B.2258)
Guarino A; Department of Pediatrics, University of Naples, Italy
To study the intestinal function in a large population of HIV-positive children. 77 HIV-positive children (mean age = 41 months, range: 5 months-12.6 years), classified as P0 (10), P1 (11), P2 (56) were enrolled in a multicentre transversal study. Diarrheal episodes in the six months prior to the en
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:246 (abstract no. M.B.2259)
Drobacheff C, Mougin C, Bastian P, Vanhems PH, Leroy J, Bertrand MA, de Wazieres B, Lab M, Laurent R; Department of Dermatology, Hopital Saint Jacques, Besancon, France
Recent studies have reported a high prevalence of anogenital oncogenic HPV infections in HIV positive patients. This prospective study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of oncogenic HPV in HIV positive patients, as well as the presence of cervical or anal dysplasia and carcinoma. Fifty six
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:247 (abstract no. M.B.2260)
Felix DH, Wray D, Southam JC, Cubie HA, Jalal H, Maitland NJ; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
To compare the detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papilloma virus ( HPV ) in hairy leukoplakia (HL) by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridisation (ISH). Biopsies were obtained from the lateral surface of the tongue in 21 patients: 17 HIV+ patients had HL diagnosed pro
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:247 (abstract no. M.B.2261)
Delcroix V, Vittecoq D, Groffe S, Boucot I, Viard JP, Bary M, Bach JF; Hopital Necker, Paris, France
The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of Campylobacter infection in AIDS. A retrospective analysis was performed during a 30 months period. Frequency of isolation, correlation with symptoms, association to other pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates and prognosis of th
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:247 (abstract no. M.B.2262)
Delgado W, Flores G, Vives V, Sanchez J, Gotuzzo E; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
1) To record the oral manifestations found at the initial visit in HIV+ patients classified on CDC criteria. 2) To establish the survival in relation to oral candidiasis , hairy leukoplakia (HL) and Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Oral examinations and questions about dry mouth, loss of taste and burning ton
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:247 (abstract no. M.B.2263)
Tierney A, Cuff P, Kotler DP; St. Luke's-Roosevelt, Columbia P&S, NY, NY, USA
To determine the effect of Megace on weight, lean body mass, body fat, appetite, immunologic function and quality of life. AIDS subjects with a greater than or equal to 10% weight loss were randomized to receive a daily dose of 100, 400 or 800 mg of Megace (Bristol-Myers USP) or placebo during a thr
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:248 (abstract no. M.B.2264)
Kapembwa M, Fleming SC, Wells C, Fiddian P, Orr M, Griffin GE; St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
To determine the effect of AIDS-related SID on absorption of AZT . 14 HIV CDC group IV positive homosexual men with normal renal and liver function were studied: SID 8 (Diarrhoea and weight loss), Non-SID 6 (post- pneumocystis carinii pneumonia 5, Kaposi sarcoma 1).
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:248 (abstract no. M.B.2265)
Melnick S, Hannan P, Decher L, Rhame FS, Little JW, Balfour HH Jr, Volberding P; U of MN, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
To assess the relationships among trends in T-lymphocyte counts and development of intraoral lesions (IOL) among patients in the early stages of HIV disease. Between January and October, 1989, participants of two placebo-controlled trials of zidovudine (AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocols 016 and 0
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:248 (abstract no. M.B.2266)
Goldstein J, Rubin J, Silver C, Meritz K, Chow C, Ting J, Davis L; Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. USA
Treatment options for patients with disfiguring benign parotid cysts include superficial parotidectomy or repeated fine-needle aspirations. These approaches are unsatisfactory because patients may experience morbidity from surgery and the cysts recur soon after aspiration. This study was conducted to evaluat
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:248 (abstract no. M.B.2267)
Lozada-Nur F, Costa C; University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
Because of its benign nature and lack of evidence that treatment of HL improves the prognosis of HIV-infected patients, systemic therapy with antiviral drugs does not seem warranted at this time. However, because of aesthetic reasons, patients do request treatment; thus, there is a need for some type of topi
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:249 (abstract no. M.B.2268)
Nelson M, Dean R, Shanson D, Hawkins D, Gazzard B; Westminster Hospital, London, England
To assess the incidence and clinical presentation of Shigella infection in HIV positive individuals. All HIV antibody positive patients who had blood or stool cultures revealing species of Shigella were reviewed. Between July 1985 and October 1990, 524 of the 2,048 HIV antibody positive pat
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:249 (abstract no. M.B.2269)
Marcellin P, Zignego AL, Degott C, Dubois F, Boyer N, Goudeau A, Benhamou JP; Hopital Beaujon, Clichy, Paris
The objective of this study was to assess the influence of chronic HIV infection on chronic hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) in intravenous drug addicts. We compared 19 anti-HIV positive and 14 anti-HIV negative intravenous drug addicts with HBsAg positive chr
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:249 (abstract no. M.B.2270)
Gathe J Jr, Piot D, Bernal A, Clemmons J, Stool E; Special Diseases Unit, Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
To investigate the effectiveness of Paromomycin (P) for AIDS patients with diagnosed gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis (GIC). This retrospective study included 22 AIDS patients who had 31 episodes of GIC. Diagnosis was confirmed by modified acid-fast staining of stool and/or histopathologic examina
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:249 (abstract no. M.B.2271)
Curry N, Cone LA, Woodard DR, Fiala M, Byrd RG; Eisenhower Medical Center, Rancho Mirage, CA, USA
To evaluate intestinal absorption in patients with AIDS and DM accompanied by diarrhea and weight loss. Additionally, serum concentrations of isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF) and ethambutol (EMB) were determined after oral and parenteral administration (INH, RIF). Serum carotene and 24-hr. fecal fat
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:250 (abstract no. M.B.2272)
Lecomte I, Meyniel D, Alperine M, Delage Y, Cocheton JJ; Tenon Hospital, Paris, FRANCE
Frequency of biliary manifestations (B.M.) in AIDS patients (pts) is increasing. Clinical, morphological and microbiological data, about 6 pts, are reported. In 35 AIDS pts seen in our Department of Medicine, from November 1989 to August 1990, 6 pts (17%) presented Biliary Manifestations; 2 acalculous acute cholecystit
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:250 (abstract no. M.B.2273)
Colin JF, Marcellin P, Martinot M, Hirschauer C, Degott C, Benhamou JP; Service d'Hepatologie, Hopital Beaujon, Clichy, France
To assess the influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections on chronic hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in homosexual men. We compared 58 anti-HIV negative to 41 anti-HIV positive French homosexual (16 bisexual) men, non drug addicts.
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:250 (abstract no. M.B.2274)
Becker J, Rabanus JP, Schuppan D, Gelderblom HR, Reichart PA; Dept. of Oral Surgery (North), Free University Berlin, Berlin, FRG
To localize collagens type I, III and VI in oral Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) compared to normal oral mucosa by cryoimmunoelectronmicroscopy (CEM). 4 biopsies of palatal KS nodular type from HIV-pos. male homosexual pts. as well as 10 biopsies of clinically normal oral mucosa of HIV-seroneg. pts. (male 5,
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:250 (abstract no. M.B.2275)
Taburet AM, Beaugerie L, Zorza G, LeQuintrec Y, Singlas E; Clinical Pharmacy, Hopital Bicetre, Paris, France
Diarrhoea is frequent in all stages of HIV infection and could reduce bioavailability of oral Zidovudine (ZDV). Therefore a pharmacokinetic study was carried out in such patients and results were compared with those previously obtained in six healthy volunteers. Patients with chronic diarrhoea were
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:251 (abstract no. M.B.2277)
Antinori A, Izzi I, Mencarini P, Tamburrini E; Istituto di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Universita Cattolica S. Cuore, Roma, Italy
i) to evaluate significant predictors of survival from diagnosis of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS); ii) to assess the influence of antitumoral chemotherapy on patients survival. We studied 36 patients with AIDS-associated KS (all males; mean age 37.3 +/- 8.2; 30 homosexuals, 3 i.v. drug abusers, 3 heterosex
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:251 (abstract no. M.B.2278)
Kumar D, Sanchez R; The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
The origin of spindle cells of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) has not been precisely determined. Although most authors favor an origin from blood or lymphatic vascular endothelium, other suggestions include fibroblasts, pericytes, Schwann s cell, smooth muscle cells and reticulo-endothelial cells. More recently, some investigat
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:251 (abstract no. M.B.2279)
Bernal A, Del Junco G, Piot D, Gathe J Jr, Frazier R, Duren C; Special Disease Unit, Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
To illustrate those endoscopic views that are highly characteristic of the gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of AIDS. From 1982 to 1990 a total of 658 GI endoscopies (upper and lower) were performed at Park Plaza Hospital on patients who had either tested HIV positive or had full blown AIDS. Olym
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:252 (abstract no. M.B.2280)
Davachi F, Ngoie K; Department of Pediatrics, Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire
Infections, neoplasia and other lesions commonly affect the skin and mucus membrane of children with AIDS. This study describes the prevalence and clinical presentation of these lesions in children with symptomatic HIV infection compared with those of an age-matched, hospitalized control group. We s
Int Conf AIDS 1991 Jun 16-21; 7:252 (abstract no. M.B.2281)
Sinicco A, Fora R, Gagliano P, Raiteri R, Sciandra M, Gioannini P; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
To determine correlations and interactions between HBV, HDV, HCV and HIV-1 infections we studied 558 HIV- and 686 HIV+ IVDUs. AbHIV were detected by EIA (Roche, Abbott) and confirmed by W.B. analysis (Du Pont De Nemours). Conventional HBV serum markers, HDVAg, antiHDV, antiHDV IgM and antiHCV were r
