Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We59 (abstract no. WeD 1078)
Coyne PF, Donoghoe MC, Hunter GM, Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, University of London, England.
To examine condom use amongst IDUs in London 1990 and 1991. Two major surveys of injecting drug users (IDUs) in London conducted using a structured questionnaire in 1990 (N = 534) and 1991 (N = 516) as part of a WHO collaborative study on HIV prevalence and risk behaviours. A common sampling and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We59 (abstract no. WeD 1077)
Brodin M, Serfaty A, Lombrail P, Alfaro C; Department of Public Health, Xavier Bichat School of Medicine, University of Paris, France.
to analyze and compare the time between the 1st reports of AIDS cases related to IDU, and the implementation date of preventive interventions (PI) addressing HIV infection among IDUs as a function of the level of intensity of sanction against DU. The study examined: 1)epidemiologic dat
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We59 (abstract no. WeD 1076)
Michels II; Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe, Berlin.
In spite of high knowledge about the ways of transmission (needle sharing; drug sharing; unsafe sex) structural obstacles hinder the realisation of AIDS preventive messages among IVDU in Germany (non availability of sterile syringes; criminalization of drug consumation; social and health misery; missing
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We59 (abstract no. WeD 1075)
Tross S, Abdul-Quader AS, Silvert HM, Simons P, Des Jarlais DC, Friedman S; Narcotics and Drug Research Inc., NY.
FSPs are among the fastest growing group at risk for HIV sexual transmission in the U.S. They are also among the hardest to reach through HIV prevention programs--because they are often unaware of their HIV risk, disenfranchised and multiply stressed. This study uses storefront-based, street outreac
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We59 (abstract no. WeD 1074)
Kall K, Olin R; Department of Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
To evaluate sexual HIV risk behaviour among injecting drug users (IDUs). 184 detained IDUs at the Remand Prison in Stockholm were invited to participate in a voluntary structured interview on sexual behaviour on and off drugs. Participants were selected from an ongoing HIV epidemiological study. On
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We58 (abstract no. WeD 1073)
Ntebela M, Frencken H; Science Department, Molepolole College of Education, Botswana.
Secondary school Science teachers in Botswana were involved in an AIDS prevention campaign by Inservice providers. On the initiative of the teachers the campaign got a strong momentum of its own and now involves teachers of other subjects, primary school teachers and students. In Janu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We58 (abstract no. WeD 1072)
Randev P, Kabakchieva E; Institute of Psychology, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Development, implementation and evaluation of effectiveness of an educational programme on AIDS and sex education for Bulgarian secondary schools. ASEPA Project is a complex education programme and evaluation research on its effectiveness that was carried out in 50 secondary schoo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We58 (abstract no. WeD 1071)
O'Byrne DJ, Baldo M, Kolybine VA, Sicola G, Chui J, Jones J, Feek W;
(1) To provide an update of ongoing HIV prevention and control activities in schools; (2) to present an overview of the concept, principles and strategies for action for implementing comprehensive school health education (CSHE) and to discuss the rationale and basic content of HIV education within this compr
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We58 (abstract no. WeD 1070)
Baker C, Rich R, Wulf K; Los Angeles Unified School District, CA.
This paper addresses the lessons learned, i.e., problems and successes, in implementing an HIV/AIDS curriculum into the instructional program for four years at the elementary, junior high, and senior high grade levels of the 600,000 students in Los Angeles Unified School District. While Los Angeles is one of the world-
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We58 (abstract no. WeD 1069)
Beazley R, Warren WK, King AJ; Dalhousie University, Halifax.
A three year program development and evaluation project is being conducted, sponsored by the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada and funded by National Health Research and Development Program, Health and Welfare Canada. Its purpose is to assess the effects on students of a 20 hour program which is bas
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We58 (abstract no. WeD 1068)
Jacobson M, Simba S; Selian Lutheran Hospital, Arusha, Tanzania.
Epidemiology shows that sexual transmission of HIV takes place at a young age in Tanzania . It is then critically important that children learn about AIDS before they become sexually active. Introducing AIDS education into primary schools is controversial given cultural and religious concerns about encou
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We52 (abstract no. WeD 1043)
Miller MD, Yasutomi Y, Shen L, Koenig S, Fuerst T, Woods R, Emini E, Gould-Fogerite S, Mannino RJ, Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA.
We assessed the capacity of two types of novel subunit vaccines to generate CD8+ CTL responses in rhesus monkeys: a synthetic peptide/liposome formulation and a live recombinant Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vector. We have previously shown that simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac)-inf
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We52 (abstract no. WeD 1042)
De Vries P, Heeney J, Morein B, Osterhaus AD; Laboratory of Immunobiology, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Comparison of protection afforded by iscome and MDP adjuvanted whole inactivated virus in a SIV-macaque model. Eight macaques (Macaca mulatta) were vaccinated four times with an SIV iscom vaccine, eight with an MDP adjuvanted whole inactivated SIV vaccine, four with a measles virus (MV) iscom vacci
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We52 (abstract no. WeD 1041)
Rovinski B, Cao SX, James O, Sia C, Zolla-Pazner S, Matthews T, Klein M; Connaught Centre for Biotechnology Research, Ontario, Canada.
To develop an AIDS vaccine candidate consisting of genetically engineered noninfectious HIV-like particles capable of eliciting cross-reactive immune responses. Using the inducible human metallothionein IIa promoter, we engineered two HIV-1LAI-based expression vectors encoding heterologous sequences
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We52 (abstract no. WeD 1040)
Sastry KJ, Nehete P, Venkatanarayanan S, Morkowski J, Platsoucas CD, Arlinghaus RB; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.
Efforts to generate a vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have focused on inducing neutralizing antibodies. However, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses are a major defense against viral infections and more importantly CTL epitopes can be defined by short synthetic peptides. We have develope
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We52 (abstract no. WeD 1039)
Sia C, Matthews T, Chong P, Bolognesi D, Klein M; Connaught Centre for Biotechnology Research, Willowdale, Ont., Canada.
To construct synthetic HIV vaccine candidates using defined T-and B-cell epitopes of the HIV structural proteins. Two pairs of chimeric peptides were synthesized. The first pair, CLTB-28 and CLTB-32 contained two contiguous neutralizing epitopes mapped by human monoclonal antibodies (residues 307-32
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We62 (abstract no. WeC 1095)
Reinking DP, Albers CE, Postma MJ, Jager JC, van den Boom FM; Netherlands Institute of Mental Health (NcGv), Utrecht.
To assess the necessity, purposiveness and effectiveness of AIDS-prevention activities for the years 1992-2000. (1) integrative research (literature study and consultation of experts) on developments in HIV-infections, size of risk groups, riskful behavior and the impact of AIDS-prevention so far;
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We62 (abstract no. WeC 1094)
Downs AM, Ancelle-Park RA, Brunet JB; European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS, Paris, France.
To estimate, by back calculation, prevalence levels of HIV infection and advanced stage HIV-related disease in the European Community (EC). AIDS surveillance data reported by December 1991 were adjusted for reporting delays and under-reporting. Back calculations used a 2-stage incubation period with
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We62 (abstract no. WeC 1093)
Mantel C, Tarantola D, Lepisto E, Jain N, Shahi G, Mann JM; Global AIDS Policy Coalition, International AIDS Center, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston.
The reported number of persons with AIDS gives an incomplete picture of the global situation. We used a simple multi-stage modeling approach to better determine the dynamics of the pandemic. (1) From a Delphi survey, estimates of AIDS reporting efficiency were produced in each of ten defined region
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We62 (abstract no. WeC 1092)
Kaplan EH, Heimer R; Yale School of Organization and Management, New Haven, CT.
To verify our earlier prediction that HIV incidence has been reduced among IDUs in the New Haven needle exchange program. A syringe tracking and testing system (STT) was established whereby all needles distributed by the program receive unique tracking codes, and a sample of returned needles are tes
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We62 (abstract no. WeC 1091)
Verdecchia A, Mariotto A, Capocaccia R, Mariotti S; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.
To present an age, period, and cohort (APC) approach both to estimating and analyzing HIV epidemics and to a reconstruction of the HIV epidemics in Italy . METHODS. In a back-calculation framework, a system of integral equations is defined, relating AIDS counts to the probability of new infections among the
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We61 (abstract no. WeC 1090)
Namanja G, Liomba G, Sokal D, Delay P, Johnston A, Stover J, Bernstein R; AIDS Secretariat, Malawi.
To make projections of the AIDS epidemic and its impacts in Malawi between now and the year 2000. We used a spreadsheet type model to create plausible high and low scenarios corresponding to future incidence rates of new HIV infections of 1% and 2% per year, and compared these scenarios with projec
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We61 (abstract no. WeC 1089)
Lopez L, Orozco S, Hernandez-Avila M, Ramirez A, Hernandez G, Sepulveda J; Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico.
To evaluate the risk factors associated with the transmission of HIV to sexual partners of HIV infected subjects. A mixed cross-sectional longitudinal study was carried out in Mexico City, from October 1989 to December 1991. In all, 345 couples were identified and interviewed in various settings in
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We61 (abstract no. WeC 1088)
Massimo M, Angarano G, Saracco A, Nicolosi A, Gasparini M, Arici C, Ricchi E, Lazzarin A;
To evaluate the influence of antiretroviral therapy on the infectiousness of infected partners in stable couples discordant for HIV. METHODS. Multicenter prospective study of 396 seronegative, non drug using, female steady partner of HIV infected men. RESULTS. There were 27 seroconversions in a total of 649.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We61 (abstract no. WeC 1087)
Deschamps MM, Pape JW, Beaulieu ME, Thermil K, Johnson WD Jr; GHESKIO, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
To determine the incidence of HIV seroconversion and the associated co-factors in sexually active (SA) discordant (D) couples. From 10/85 to 10/91, despite counseling 158 of the 380 (D) couples enrolled in our clinic remained (SA): 125 females (F) (HIV-) spouses and 33 males (M) (HIV-) spouses of H
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We61 (abstract no. WeC 1086)
Simmonds P, Zhang LQ, Holmes EC, MacKenzie P, Brettle RP, Leigh Brown AJ; Dept of Medical Microbiology, Univ. Edinburgh.
AIMS: To investigate the influence of virus load and determinants of virus tropism and pathogenicity in the env gene, on the probability of transmission of HIV-1 by heterosexual contact. STUDY GROUP: Since 1985, a large cohort of HIV-1 infected individuals and their regular heterosexual partners have been followed up.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We61 (abstract no. WeC 1085)
Feldblum P, Hira S, Godwin S, Kamanga J, Mukelabai G; Family Health International, NC.
To measure the association between consistent spermicide use and HIV incidence, and consistent condom use and HIV incidence, among HIV-discordant couples. HIV-discordant couples visit the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka quarterly. After informed consent, they are counseled on HIV risk reduct
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We57 (abstract no. WeC 1067)
Wade A, Dieng-Sarr A, Diallo AA, Dlakhate L, Coll-Seck AM, Ndoye I, Diadhiou F, Ba S, Gaye A, Thiam A, et al; Universite C.A.Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
To establish networked sentinel surveillance to survey the evolution of the HIV epidemic. This will allow a description of the actual status of the HIV epidemic and evaluate the epidemiological trends by serial evaluation. Consecutive sampling of all subjects within each sentinel group was employed
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We57 (abstract no. WeC 1066)
Siby T, Thior I, Marlink R, Diaw PA, Traore I, Hellinger J, Ndoye I, Mboup S, Kanki P, Essex M; Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
To compare the clinical and immunological evolution HIV-2 vs. HIV-1 infection. Since 1987, asymptomatic female sex workers visiting the National STD Clinics in Senegal have been enrolled in a prospective study including clinical follow-up, T-cell subsetting in the latter 2 years of study, and tuber
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We57 (abstract no. WeC 1065)
Sibailly TS, Adjorlolo G, Gayle H, Ekpini E, Brattegaard K, Doorly R, Kestens L, Ou CY, George R, De Cock KM; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan.
To compare perinatal transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 and outcome in children born to HIV-1- and HIV-2-positive mothers. Women delivering in an Abidjan maternity were tested for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. HIV-2-positive women and their offspring were followed and compared with HIV-1-positive and se
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We57 (abstract no. WeC 1064)
Leisenring W, Donnelly C, Sandberg S, Kanki P, Awerbuch T; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
To use maximum likelihood estimation theory to estimate and compare the infectivity of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in a sexually-active high-risk population. Data was collected in a prospective study (1985-1990) of registered prostitutes from Dakar, Senegal providing information about average number of partners
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We57 (abstract no. WeC 1063)
Rouzioux C, Mayaux MJ, Blanche S, Burgard M, Griscelli C; Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
To determine the frequencies of the transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 from mother to child. PATIENTS: All newborns to HIV seropositive mothers born in 62 french hospitals are included in the French Prospective Study and followed prospectively. 1) The positivity for HIV-1 or HIV-2 is determined at del
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We56 (abstract no. WeC 1062)
Duliege AM, Felton S, Goedert JJ; Genentech, So. San Francisco, CA.
To update our previous report on twins (Lancet 1991;338:1471), with emphasis on genetic and intrapartum factors. 50 investigators in 11 countries contributed demographic, clinical and epidemiological retrospective data on 147 sets of twins and 2 sets of triplets. Data were analyzed by McNemar s test
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We56 (abstract no. WeC 1061)
Scarlatti G, Albert J, Rossi P, Biraghi P, Massironi E, Fenyo EM; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
The factors that protect the child from infection from their mother are still unknown. Many attempts have been done to find maternal markers prognostic for transmission. We have attempted to study maternal immunological response to the virus by neutralization assay against homologous as well as against hete
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We56 (abstract no. WeC 1060)
De Rossi A, Ometto L, Mammano F, Zanotto C, Giaquinto C, Chieco-Bianchi L; Dept of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Italy.
To assess early diagnosis of perinatal HIV-1 infection, and define prognostic markers for AIDS onset. METHODS. Virus culture was performed by culturing patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with normal PHA-stimulated PBMC. HIV-1 copy number was determined by direct Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We56 (abstract no. WeC 1059)
Thomas P, Weedon J;
To identify characteristics in pregnant HIV+ women that predict transmission of HIV-1 to the infant. METHODS. Data including demographics, illicit drug use, STD history, clinical HIV illness, and CD4, immunoglobulin, and hemoglobin levels were collected on pregnant women at risk for HIV. Babies were followed
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We56 (abstract no. WeC 1058)
Hom D, Guay L, Kenya-Mugisha N, Ball P, Olness K, Ndugwa C, Kataaha P, Goldfarb J; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
Determine the natural history and vertical transmission of HIV infection in infants born to HIV infected women in Kampala, Uganda . Infants of selected HIV positive and negative women were prospectively followed in a study of HIV infection. History and physical exam were done at regularly scheduled
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We56 (abstract no. WeC 1057)
[No authors listed];
To evaluate whether the second of 2 children born to a mother with known HIV infection is more likely to be HIV-infected (inf) than the first exposed sibling (sib). Sibs born to HIV-inf mothers and followed in 5 prospective HIV perinatal transmission studies in the U.S. were analyzed according to th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We51 (abstract no. WeC 1038)
Cameron C, Tarantola D; Global AIDS Policy Coalition, International AIDS Center, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
To estimate the global inpatient and outpatient costs of AIDS care in 1990. To compare this cost with per capita gross national product (GNP). A review of the literature was undertaken to gauge the annual inpatient and outpatient costs per AIDS case. A survey was conducted in 37 countries which prov
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We51 (abstract no. WeC 1037)
Glied S, Sisk JE; Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, NY.
1) To develop and evaluate a method of calculating the cost implications of practice guidelines for pediatric HIV care and 2) to compare alternative methods of estimating the per unit cost of services to pediatric HIV patients. From records of 3 New York City hospitals, we abstracted the services p
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We51 (abstract no. WeC 1036)
Andrulis DP, Weslowski V, Hintz E, Spolarich A, Rathbun J; National Public Health and Hospital Institute, Washington, D.C.
To compare, document and analyze hospital care for inpatients meeting the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) AIDS definition and other HIV-infected individuals not meeting these criteria, who were treated in U.S. hospitals during 1988 and 1989. Hospitals from four national associations, representing
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We51 (abstract no. WeC 1035)
Esteves R, Huang L, Pessoa V, Mallet A, Lima M, Cortes E; Brazilian AIDS/STD Programme, Ministry of Health.
To determine direct costs of hospitalization for AIDS patients in Brazil . We did a pilot study involving 127 AIDS patients admitted to three university hospitals, in four different cities. Medical records were reviewed regarding costs of diagnostics procedures, laboratory tests, XRays, surgeries, a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We51 (abstract no. WeC 1034)
de Bruijn E, van den Boom FM, Jager JC, Ruitenberg EJ; Netherlands Inst. of Mental Health, Utrecht.
Apply research findings of HIV/AIDS-scenarios to long-term public health planning. The Steering Committee on Future Health Scenarios (STG) in the Netherlands is set up to create public health scenarios in order to support long-term public health planning. The STG-project National scenarios concerni
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We50 (abstract no. WeC 1033)
Hellinger FJ; Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, US Dept. of Health and Human Services.
To forecast the cost of treating persons with HIV in the United States from 1992 to 1995. This is the first study to use data from the AIDS Cost and Service Utilization Survey (ACSUS) to estimate the cost of treating persons with HIV. The ACSUS is a comprehensive examination of the services utilized
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We50 (abstract no. WeC 1032)
Genser SG, Ratner MJ; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD.
To ascertain the geographic generality, context and implications for HIV transmission of involvement in the exchange of sex for crack cocaine. Experienced research teams in 8 US cities conducted ethnographic field work among hard-core crack users and completed 340 taped interviews with participants
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We50 (abstract no. WeC 1031)
Burack JH, Stall RD, Barrett DC, Coates TJ; San Francisco General Hospital, CA.
To determine whether, in a cohort of HIV-infected gay and bisexual men, a high level of depressive symptomatology predicts more rapid decline of CD4 counts, progression to AIDS, and death. Analysis of data from the San Francisco Men s Health Study, a prospective population-based cohort study with s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We50 (abstract no. WeC 1030)
Buskin SE, Hopkins SG, Farizo KM; Seattle-King County Department of Public Health, WA.
PCP is the most frequent AIDS-defining illness. Although previous studies have found no association between PCP and cigarette smoking, no reports have examined the association using various levels of smoking, as measured by pack-years. As part of a CDC-funded surveillance project, medical records
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We50 (abstract no. WeC 1029)
Weatherburn P, Davies PM, Hunt AJ, Hickson F, Coxon AP, McManus TJ; South Bank Polytechnic, London, UK.
To test the hypothesis that alcohol use causes, or contributes towards engagement in unsafe sex in a sample of homosexually active men in England & Wales. In 1991 430 homosexually active men were interviewed and asked to recall each sexual encounter and each drinking episode in the previous week
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We50 (abstract no. WeC 1028)
Edlin BR, Irwin KL, Ludwig DD, Serrano Y, Word C, McCoy C, Byers RH, Holmberg SD; CDC, Atlanta, Ga.
Crack cocaine use is prevalent among youth in many U.S. urban neighborhoods. Preliminary reports suggest that crack smokers may be at high risk of acquiring HIV infection heterosexually. We undertook a study to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among crack smokers and their risk factors for infection
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We49 (abstract no. WeC 1027)
Craib KJ, Schechter MT, Le TN, O'Shaughnessy MV, Montaner JS; Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study (VLAS) Group, UBC & BC Centre for Excellence in HIV and Related Viral Diseases, Canada.
A considerable number of people continue to question the role of HIV in the pathogenesis of AIDS. One of the main proponents of this school of thought, Prof. P. Duesberg, wrote in 1988 (Science 1988; 242: 997-8) and repeated in a public address in 1991 that the necessary comparisons in controlled cohorts
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We49 (abstract no. WeC 1026)
Holmes EC, Zhang LQ, Mackenzie P, Harvey E, Baker C, Simmonds P, Leigh BA; Division of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Edinburgh, Scotland.
To establish, using reliable nucleotide sequence (phylogenetic) markers, contact networks of the epidemic of HIV-1 in Edinburgh. Such data will provide information on the number and origin of strains entering the Edinburgh population and whether different social/behavioural groups are characterised by diffe
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We49 (abstract no. WeC 1025)
Ou CY, Auwanit W, Pau CP, Luo CC, Kalish M, Takebe Y, Bandea C, Lee-Thomas S, George JR, Schochetman G, et al; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
To determine the molecular epidemiology of the HIV explosion in Thailand since 1988 and to develop peptide-based serologic assays to facilitate HIV-1 subtyping. Blood samples were collected in 1991 from infected persons with various risk behaviors from 7 provinces. HIV proviral DNA was amplified th
To investigate the evolution of the gp120 V3 region in the course of the HIV-1 epidemic in the Dutch homosexual population. MATERIALS AND Direct sequences, 278 nucleotides long, were made of viral genomic RNA amplified from early seroconverter sera of homosexual men. Ten sequences were generated fro
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We49 (abstract no. WeC 1023)
McCutchan F, Louwagie J, van der Groen G, Piot P, Myers G, Burke D; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD.
Genetic variation of HIV-1 and the geographic distribution of genetic variants are important considerations for HIV-1 vaccine development. A global surveillance of HIV-1 isolates is being conducted to supplement and extend the current genetic database for HIV-1. More than two hundred geographically
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We49 (abstract no. WeC 1022)
Korber BT, Myers G; Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, N.M. 87505.
To go beyond simple nucleotide or amino acid distance relationships (percent similarities) as the basis for tracking HIV relatedness, it is desirable to objectively establish amino acid signature patterns, or HIV fingerprints. HIV amino acid sequences, i.e., sibling sequences, from a given infected
Effective treatment of ACV-R HSV infections in patients with AIDS is currently limited to intravenous foscarnet (FOS). We evaluated the efficacy of topically applied TFT, an anti-HSV nucleoside analogue in an open pilot, multi-center study. Patients with mucocutaneous HSV lesions unresponsive to gr
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We54 (abstract no. WeB 1055)
Cameron W, Sparti P, Pietroski N, Pearce D, Eron L, Sullam P, Conant M, Bianchine J, Gupta S, Schoenfelder J, et al; Univ. of Ottawa, Ottawa General Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
Disseminated MAC infection is one of the most common serious complications of the late stages of AIDS. This study (Adria 087027) evaluates rifabutin (RIF) prophylaxis of MAC bacteremia in AIDS. This Phase III randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of RIF 300 mg/day studied 5
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We54 (abstract no. WeB 1054)
Peters M, Bergmann F, Grunewald T, Pohle HD, Ruf B; II. Department of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University Hospital, Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany.
Cytomegalovirus infections cause severe sight-threatening retinitis, colitis and encephalitis in up to 50% of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in advanced stages of immunosuppression. Ganciclovir and Foscarnet are effective antiviral agents. Chronic maintenance intravenous therap
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We54 (abstract no. WeB 1053)
Polis MA, Koenig S, Kramer A, Boppana S, Britt W; NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD.
To determine the effect of cytomegalovirus ( CMV )-specific antibody levels on the time to retinitis progression in persons with HIV infection who were treated with foscarnet for CMV retinitis. Baseline serum samples for CMV-specific antibodies were blindly assayed in 22 persons with HIV infection a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We54 (abstract no. WeB 1052)
Chaisson RE, Benson CA, Dube M, Hafner R, Dellerson M, Lichter S, Smith T, Sattler FR; Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore.
To determine the efficacy and safety of clarithromycin (CLR) therapy for disseminated MAC disease in patients with AIDS. Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, dose ranging study. Patients received CLR 500 mg, 1000 mg, or 2000 mg BID for 12 weeks. Quantitative mycobacterial blood cultures were perfo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We54 (abstract no. WeB 1051)
van de Van E, Melchers W, Kraaijeveld C, Galama J; University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
The diagnosis of the opportunistic infection toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients can be difficult; serology is not reliable and other techniques (microscopy, antigen detection, mouse inoculation and tissue culture) are either insensitive or time consuming. Therapeutic treatment of immunocompromised
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We54 (abstract no. WeB 1050)
Solorzano R; STD clinic, Clinica Municipal No. 3, Guatemala, City.
To determine the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin and Erythromycin in the treatment of Chancroid Ulcers. 240 patients with clinical diagnosis of chancroid were included. Two groups of 120 patients each were studied. One group was treated with Ciprofloxacin 1 gr. PO as a single dose and the secon
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We48 (abstract no. WeB 1021)
Gwanzura L, Mason P, Winter M, Katzenstein D; University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Harare.
There is conflicting data on the presence or absence of P. carinii in patients with pneumonitis in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was undertaken in order to demonstrate unequivocally the presence of P. carinii in specimens from HIV positive patients and to determine which diagnostic procedure was most approp
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We48 (abstract no. WeB 1020)
Toma E, Fournier S, Dumont M, Bolduc P, Deschamps H; Hotel-Dieu de Montreal, Canada.
To assess the safety and efficacy of clindamycin/primaquine (C/P) in comparison with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) as primary treatment of AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ). This was a randomized, double-blind trial conducted at one university hospital. Sixty-five indivi
Preliminary studies suggested that a hydroxynaphthoquinone, 566C80, was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of PCP . We compared the efficacy and safety of 566C80 and TMP-SMZ in the treatment of PCP in AIDS. A randomized, double-blind study enrolled 322 AIDS patients with mild (A-a[DO2] l
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We48 (abstract no. WeB 1018)
Schneider MM, Hoepelman IM, Danner SA, Nielsen TH, van der Graaf Y, Weigel HM, van der Ende ME, Kolsters AF, Borleffs JC; University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.
BACKGROUND. Primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) is recommended for HIV-infected patients and a CD4-cell count lower than 200 per mm3. There are no studies reported assessing the efficacy of aerosolized pentamidine versus low dose of co-trimoxazole in primary prevention of PCP. So we condu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We48 (abstract no. WeB 1017)
Girard PM, Landman R, Gaudebout C, Jelasko P, Gaudebout C, Certain A, Olivares R, Coulaud JP; INSERM U13, Paris, France.
To compare D/P vs AP for primary prophylaxis of PCP and to assess the value of D/P for primary prophylaxis of neurotoxoplasmosis. From July 89 to December 90, a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial recruited 362 symptomatic HIV patients (pts) with CD4 lymphocytes count below 200/mm3 and withou
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We48 (abstract no. WeB 1016)
Quieffin J, Montaner JS, Guillemi SA, Lawson LM, Levitt N, Le TN, Ruedy J, Schechter MT; St. Paul's Hospital/UBC.
To evaluate the effect of the early introduction of oral corticosteroids (CS) in patients with mild AIDS-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ). We conducted a subgroup analysis of a double blind, placebo controlled, randomized trial, restricted to patients whose baseline oxygen saturation
U-87,201E is a non-nucleoside RT inhibitor which was well tolerated when administered to both normal healthy males and asymptomatic HIV+ patients in single oral doses up to 1,600mg. This study was performed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of U-87,201E in normal healthy males follo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We47 (abstract no. WeB 1014)
Van Leeuwen R, Boucher C, Katlama C, Ingrand D, Kitchen V, Weber J, McDade H; Academic Medical Centre & National AIDS Therapy Evaluation Centre, Amsterdam.
INTRODUCTION. 3TC (GR109714X) is the single (-) enantiomer of the racemic mixture 2 -deoxy-3 -thiacytidine (BCH189), a nucleoside analogue originally synthesised by Biochem Pharma Inc (formerly IAF Biochem), Montreal. 3TC has been shown to have activity against a wide spectrum of laboratory and clinical strains of HIV-
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We47 (abstract no. WeB 1013)
Saag MS, Douglas J, Lapidus W, DeLoach LJ, Maples V, Laskin O, Massan F, Whitley R, Kappes J, Shaw G, et al; University of Alabama, Birmingham.
To evaluate the safety and relative antiretroviral activity of a novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, L697, 661 (L661), versus standard therapy with zidovudine (ZDV). Sixty-three HIV-1 infected patients with CD4+ lymphocyte counts between 201 and 500 cell/mm3 and 60 with CD4 counts
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We47 (abstract no. WeB 1012)
Barditch-Crovo P, Ganes D, Duncanson F, van der Horst C, Polsky B, Petty B, Faulkner R, Kuye O, Yacobi A, Lietman P, et al; Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD.
To assess the hematologic toxicity of FLT (3 -deoxy-3 -fluorothymidine), an anti-HIV nucleoside analog more potent than zidovudine. 14 AIDS/ARC patients were enrolled in a 16 week concentration-controlled, multiple oral dose study at 0.125 mg/kg q12h initially. In subjects who received drug
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We47 (abstract no. WeB 1011)
Dunkle L, Anderson R, McLaren C, Cross A, Brown M, Gugliotti R, Adler M, Kaul S; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wallingford, CT.
To determine the pharmacokinetics and preliminary evidence of safety, activity, and efficacy of Stavudine ( d4T ) in HIV seropositive patients with fewer than 500 CD4+ cells/ul. d4T was administered orally in 2, 3 and 4 daily doses totaling 0.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We47 (abstract no. WeB 1010)
Anderson RE, Meyer W, Balch F, Brown M, Ramirez-Ronda C, Schwartz R, Petersen E; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT.
To measure the effects of Stavudine ( d4T ) on quantitative HIV-1 culture and plasma acid-dissociated p24 antigen (PAP24). Forty-seven HIV+ subjects with less than 500 CD4+ cells/ul were assigned at random to receive oral d4T at 0.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We60 (abstract no. WeA 1084)
Ndoye I, Sakho ML, Tardi M, Diaw I, Mbacke KD, Sarr LC, Mboup S; Centre MST de l'IHS, Dakar, Senegal.
To improve the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment of STD. 1. Study on the prevalence of STD, including the importance of antimicrobial resistance. 2. Study on the knowledge and feasibility of algorithms for diagnosis of STD. 3. Cost-efficacy study on the treatment of STD using drugs from the
To analyse the quasispecies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of hemophiliacs probably infected from the same source. HIV-1 was isolated from PBMC by cocultivation with negative donor chord blood lymphocytes (CBL). Characterization o
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We60 (abstract no. WeA 1082)
Fouchier RA, Groenink M, Kootstra NA, Tersmette M, Huisman HG, Miedema F, Schuitemaker H; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
The third variable (V3) domain of HIV-1 gp120 elicits type specific neutralizing antibodies, and contains a type specific T-cell epitope. V3 is critical for gp120 function, and has been implied in determining the virus phenotype including fusion capacity and monocytotropism. Fusion capacity of virus isolate
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We60 (abstract no. WeA 1081)
Vanden Haesevelde M, Peeters M, Willems B, Saman E, vander Groen G, Van Heuverswyn H; Innogenetics N.V., Ghent, Belgium.
The immunodeficiency virus, SIVcpz-ant, isolated from a wild captured chimpanzee, was molecular cloned and sequenced. The purpose was to document the genetic diversity exhibited by the two SIVs isolated from chimpanzees and confirm their position within the HIV/SIV family. Primers and nested primers
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We60 (abstract no. WeA 1080)
Gao F, Yue L, White A, Pappas P, Barchue J, Hanson A, Sharp P, Shaw G, Hahn B; University of Alabama, Birmingham.
Current understanding of the natural history and phylogeny of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) derives from studies of culture-amplified viruses from urban populations experiencing epidemic spread of infection and disease. Since tissue culture is highly selective for viral strains with an in vitr
Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) are widely present in African Green monkeys (AGM) and may have evolved in parallel with their natural host species. However, information to date is limited to viruses of only three species: the vervet, the grivet and the sabaeus green monkeys. We present here a genetic s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We53 (abstract no. WeA 1049)
Yamamoto H, Ringler DJ, Miller MD, Yasutomi Y, Hasunuma T, Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA 01772.
An infiltration of CD8+ lymphocytes in the dermis and epidermis underlies the skin rash which commonly occurs as a manifestation of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections. We functionally characterized these skin rash-associated lymphocytes in SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys. Lymphocy
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We53 (abstract no. WeA 1048)
Visscher B, Detels R, Kan JL, Dudley J, Giorgi J, Lee M; UCLA School of Public Health.
To compare the immunologic profile of 30 persistently HIV antibody-negative men (who had a very high number of different partners) from whom HIV isolations were obtained at least once with comparable persistently HIV seronegative men in the MACS. Numbers of white blood cells, lymphocytes, CD4 cells
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We53 (abstract no. WeA 1047)
Shearer G, Clerici M; Experimental Immunology Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
To determine whether alterations in the function of TH1 and TH2 helper cells are present in HIV infection. Interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines were measured in antigen-and mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of human immunodeficiency virus seropositive (HIV+)
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We53 (abstract no. WeA 1046)
Di Rienzo AM, Furlini G, Olivier R, Ferris S, Montagnier L; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
We investigated the unresponsiveness to mitogenic stimulation of human lymphocytes triggered by HIV-1 or gp120. Moreover, in order to assess the importance of this anergy phenomenon, the proliferation of chimpanzee peripheral blood lymphocytes triggered by gp120 has been analyzed as well. Before or
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We53 (abstract no. WeA 1045)
Meyaard L, Otto SA, Jonker RR, Mijnster MJ, Keet IP, Miedema F; Centr Lab of the Neth Red Cross Blood Transf Service, Amsterdam.
The early stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by qualitative functional defects of antigen-reactive T cells. With only few cells infected, this can not be explained by direct viral infection. We hypothesized that probably due to a systemic immune dysregulation, T-cells fro
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We53 (abstract no. WeA 1044)
Gougeon ML, Garcia S, Heeney J, Montagnier L; Oncology Viral Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.
Because in HIV infection loss of CD4+ T cells cannot be solely explained by direct viral infection, we hypothesized that due to immune dysregulation, T cells are primed for programmed cell death upon antigenic stimulation. PBL from HIV-infected asymptomatic patients were stimulated in vitro by iono
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We46 (abstract no. WeA 1009)
Koken S, van Wamel J, Goudsmit J, Geelen JL, Berkhout B; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, UvA, Amsterdam.
The HIV-1 LTR functions as the transcriptional promoter and contains multiple regulatory elements. Variation within these elements may have profound effects on the viral replication rate and viral pathogenicity. The goal of this study was to detect and analyze naturally occurring length variations in the HI
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We46 (abstract no. WeA 1008)
Willey R, Maldarelli F, Chen MY, Martin MA, Strebel K; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Analysis of the HIV-1 vpu gene product and its effects on viral and cellular proteins. HIV-1 subgenomic and CD4 expression plasmids were generated using standard molecular biological techniques. Assays were performed by transfecting HeLa cells followed by metabolic labelling of transiently expresse
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We46 (abstract no. WeA 1007)
Shank PR, Newstein M, Lee I; Brown University Division of Biology and Medicine, Providence, RI.
We wished to define the role of various cellular cofactors which interact with the Tat protein and the TAR region in the process of trans-activation. We have used transient transfection assays of various LTR driven reporter plasmids along with Tat expression vectors into rodent cells. Rodents are g
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We46 (abstract no. WeA 1006)
Gatignol A, Chang YN, Jeang KT; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Induction of HIV expression is due to activation by cellular and viral factors. Tat, the trans-activator of HIV-1 acts through an RNA target TAR (trans-activator responsive) to activate DNA elements in the promoter in an appropriate cellular setting. This suggests important interactions between Tat, DNA/RNA
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We45 (abstract no. WeA 1005)
Pavlakis GN, Felber BK, Schwartz S, D'Agostino DM, Campbell M, Korneyeva M; Human Retrovirus Section, NCI-FCRDC, Md 21702.
To characterize the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms of HIV-1 gene expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The study of the molecular properties of HIV-1 shows that it is a highly complex regulated system. These studies have provided important insights in the function of HIV, and a
We are pursuing a comprehensive investigation of the rev axis of HIV autoregulation. We report a series of experiments to study the interaction between rev and its viral RNA target sequence, the rev responsive element (RRE), to assess the contribution of cellular factors to the rev axis, and to understand t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We45 (abstract no. WeA 1003)
Warrier S, Pinter A, Honnen WJ, Chou TC, Tilley SA; Public Health Research Institute, NY, NY.
To develop ChMAbs against new HIV neutralization epitopes and determine the ability of these ChMAbs to synergistically neutralize HIV in combination with mAbs against other neutralization epitopes. A ChMAb was derived by EBV-transformation of PBMC from an HIVIIIB-infected animal that was boosted wit
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We45 (abstract no. WeA 1002)
Chen ZW, Shen L, Miller MD, Hughes A, Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA.
To determine whether cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have a role in selecting AIDS virus mutants, we examined mutations in SIVmac proviral DNA encoding a gag CTL epitope in PBL of infected rhesus monkeys. SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys expressing the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I alle
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We45 (abstract no. WeA 1001)
Back N, Smit L, Nara PL, Ramautarsing C, Tersmette M, Goudsmit J;
To analyze the mechanism of neutralization resistance of a V32 HIV-1 strain, recovered from an HIV-1 IIIB infected chimpanzee. Neutralization of the resistant virus V32 by a panel of V3 antibodies and human sera was investigated. Effects of virus stock preparation on neutralization was tested with
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We45 (abstract no. WeA 1000)
Sodroski J, Thali M, Wyatt R, Posner M, Tilley S, Ho D, Robinson J; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.
To identify mutants of HIV-1 that escape neutralization by antibodies recognizing conserved elements of the gp120 glycoprotein and to characterize the mechanism of escape. Panels of HIV-1 mutants were screened for ability to be neutralized by monoclonal antibodies that recognize conserved, disconti
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0577)
Malewska J;
AIDS prevention, mostly condom promotion among special kind of young people who are on the edge of the risk. They often don t go to schools, don t watch TV or listen to the radio. Youth Section cooperates with many rock and punk music groups with nightclubs and discos. We talk about AIDS with youth an
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0576)
Unda R, Acevedo HL, Sotomayor J, Feliciano C, Carmona J, Gonzalez L, Kouri Y; Harvard Institute for Int. Development.
While some countries are debating whether to provide AIDS education in elementary schools, we present an ongoing program designed and implemented at the preschool level. With the endorsement of the Mayor of San Juan, in May 1991 the Education Department of the San Juan AIDS Instit
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0575)
Hausser D, Michaud PA; University Institute of Social & Preventive Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Since 1986 the Swiss Public Health authorities have run the STOP-AIDS preventive campaign. An important part of this effort is directed towards adolescents. Both locally and nationally, various actions have developed that put the emphasis on regular and steady condom use. to measure trends in a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0574)
Baker K; Anti AIDS Project, Lusaka, Zambia.
The need for youth-specific and peer-group AIDS education. Clubs are a way to support young people who want to avoid AIDS and to teach their friends about AIDS. PROJECT The first Anti AIDS Club started in late 1987. The Project offers free registration and materials, newsletters, competit
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0573)
Bennett D, Bender E, McCabe T, Parra D; Colorado River Tribes Social Services.
Culturally sensitive education programs for young Native Americans sometimes ignore the fact that communities of young people are developing their own cultural referents, some of which are based on traditional culture and some of which are not. Core groups of young people on an ur
To investigate the effects of IFN-gamma on persistently HIV infected cell lines of T lymphocytic (J1) and promonocytic origin (U1). U1 and J1 cells were cultured with IFN-gamma either alone or in the presence of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha/-beta (TNF-alpha/-beta).
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0552)
Poli G, Kinter AL, Bressler P, Biswas P, Stanley SK, Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
To investigate the molecular mechanisms governing HIV expression in persistently infected cells of both T lymphocytic and monocytic origin. Chronically infected cell lines were generated by limiting dilution cloning of the cell population surviving the acute phase of in vitro infection with either v
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0551)
Nobuyuki K; Department of Virology and Parasitology, Yamaguchi University, School of Medicine, Japan.
We have proposed the hypothesis (Virus Genes,4,183,1990, AIDS 5,1405,1991) that Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) possibly involved in the progression of AIDS. We found that TNF augment HIV replication (Jpn.J.Cancer Res. 79, 156,1988, Med.Microbiol.Immunol,177,181,1988, J. Virol.63,2504,1989) and at the same time
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0550)
Weissman D, Poli G, Bousseau A, Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
To investigate the potential role of a pharmacological antagonist of PAF, RP 55778, on HIV replication in acutely as well as chronically infected cells. CD4+ T and promonocytic cell lines (Jurkat, MT4, U937), mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were infected with HIV-1 in the pres
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0549)
Reka S, Garro M, Kotler DP; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hosp, Columbia U, NY, NY.
To determine the pattern of cytokine expression in rectal mucosa of HIV-infected individuals and to correlate cytokine expression with disease stage and HIV expression. Previous studies have correlated HIV antigen detection in the intestine with clinical symptoms and with histologic and biochemical evidence
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0548)
Scadden DT, Wang Z, Goldberg MA; Div. of Hematology/Oncology, New England Deaconess Hospital.
Serum erythropoietin (Epo) levels are depressed in anemic AIDS patients relative to controls. The basis for abnormal modulation of Epo has not been defined. The hepatoma cell line Hep3B produces Epo in response to hypoxia and serves as a model for the study of Epo regulation. Hep3B cells are infectible with HIV-1 and w
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0547)
Kavi AR;
The homosexual community in Bombay has taken an initiative in developing a safer-sex educational intervention using peer group counselling services. The paper addresses the problems in a country where homosexuality is officially decried and the condom is heavily promoted as a family planning device. DESCRIPTION:
In gay bars and discotheques distribution of printed material such as posters or leaflets, as a prevention strategy has its limitations. Are there ways to affirm the social norm of having safe sex more effectively? And is it also possible to give gay men peer support about the coping strategies necessary
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0545)
Kippax S, Dowsett GW, Davis M, Rodden P, Crawford J; J. Macquarie University AIDS Research Unit, School of Behavioural Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
The sustaining of safe sexual behaviour is of concern with respect to the prevention of HIV. This issue is explored with reference to a volunteer sample of men who have sex with men who took part in a longitudinal study. The sexual practices and safe sex strategies of the men were
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0544)
Rietmeijer C, Davis T, Martindale C, Kane M, Cole V, Schnell D, Cohn D; Denver Disease Control Service, CO.
To evaluate stages of behavior change (SBC) in a community-based intervention program for men who have sex with men but do not gay identify (MSM). Based on principles from different behavior-change theories, a community-based intervention has been developed to promote safe-sex behavior among MSM. P
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0543)
Kelly JA, Sikkema KJ, Winett RA, Solomon LJ, Roffman RE, Kalichman SC, Stevenson LY, et al.; Med. College of WI.
This project reports on a randomized, multicity field trial of a community-level HIV prevention model shown promising in earlier research for producing population-wide risk behavior change. Gay men in 16 small, isolated U.S. cities were studied, and the intervention tested a diffusion of innovation/peer inf
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0542)
Neal RB Jr; Association Marocaine de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Rabat, Morocco.
Communicating information about avoiding HIV infection to men who have sex with other men is perceived to be difficult if not impossible due to negative societal reactions to homosexual activity and the lack of a visible gay community. A trial project was set up that included goin
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0520)
Bellinger G Jr, Mays VM, Cochran SD; Black C.A.R.E., LA, CA.
When U.S. homosexually active Black men seek AIDS-related services, they face the possibility of racial and/or sexual orientation discrimination. Although an issue frequently raised by ethnic minority activists, little research has documented the types and extent of this discrimination. Questionnair
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0519)
Phillips KA; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco.
This study analyzed the association between 1988 state screening policies and voluntary HIV testing utilization. Most states regulate screening, but states vary widely in their policies. Previous studies have not controlled for other factors related to utilization or have analyzed data not representative of
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0518)
Marquez A, Licea G; GIS-SIDA, AC., Mexico, D.F.
Seropositive women in Mexico should face a double discrimination, first as HIV seropositive and second as women; besides they are confronting many problems of social, clinical, medical and psychological nature. Through in-depth interviews to HIV women attending GIS-SIDA our work team is
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0517)
Ramos-Filho CF, Vieira W, Berbara V, Fahrat J, Lacerda MC, Melo LA; Regional Council of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro (CREMERJ).
In Rio de Janeiro, HIV-infected individuals are often denied medical attention and/or health insurance coverage, once their condition is known. ACTION: CREMERJ is an independent, statutory institution, to which all practising physicians in the State must belong. Any health institution, or third-party paying or
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0516)
Carrasco E; OPL-SIDA/MSAS (Office for Prevention and Control of AIDS, Venezuelan Ministry of Health.
HIV/AIDS pandemic is not only a problem of public health, affecting our community, but also a problem of humanity with ample social, cultural, economic, political and legal dimensions and consequences. Discrimination and rejection of people with HIV/AIDS and the so-called risk-groups, affect seriously th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu41 (abstract no. TuC 0572)
Buchbinder SP, Katz M, Hessol N, O'Malley P, Barnhart J, Holmberg S; AIDS Office, San Francisco, CA.
To determine the time from HIV seroconversion (SC) to the development of AIDS and death in homosexual men in the San Francisco City Clinic Cohort (SFCCC) and to describe immunologic parameters of a subsample of men infected over 10 years who remain healthy. We identified 562 men with well-defined S
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0571)
Zolopa A, Vranizan K, Meakin R, Moss AR; Stanford University Medical Center.
To determine the prevalence and risk factors for HIV and Tb infection (PPD+) in homeless adults, and to investigate the relationship between these two infections in this high risk population. This population-based cross-sectional study has enrolled 916 subjects from public shelters and free meal lin
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0570)
Eastwood EA, Callaghan M, Bonuck K; Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
To examine the demographic and clinical features associated with geographic variation among hospital discharges with both HIV illness and active tuberculosis within New York City and their change over time. All 1988-1990 discharges from New York City area hospitals with dual ICD-9-CM diagnoses of H
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0569)
Mungai M, Nunn P, Nyamwaya J, Gicheha C, Brindle R, Dunn D, Githui W, Were J, McAdam K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
To compare i) the prevalence of tuberculosis and tuberculin skin test reactivity among the household contacts of HIV-1 positive and negative patients with tuberculosis, and ii) the susceptibility for tuberculosis of HIV-1 positive and negative household contacts. 250 contacts of 52 HIV-1 negative in
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0568)
Dooley S, Edlin B, Pearson M, Ikeda R, Coronado V, Valway S, Crawford J; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
Identify factors leading to nosocomial transmission of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB). Clusters of MDRTB cases were investigated in 6 hospitals. Between 1988 and 1991, nosocomial outbreaks of MDRTB ranging 17-29 cases occurred in 4 New York City (NYC) hospitals and a fifth hospital
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0567)
Sckell B, Selwyn PA, Alcabes P, Schoenbaum E, Klein R, Friedland G; Montefiore Medical Ctr./Albert Einstein Coll. of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
(1) To determine the risk of active tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected (HIV+) injecting drug users (IDUs) with cutaneous anergy, and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis in HIV+ tuberculin reactors (PPD+) in a methadone maintenance treatment program (MMTP). Design: Histor
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0566)
Matela B, Mundele L, Mosengo M, Nsuami M, Manzila T, St. Louis Me, Heyward W; Project Sida, Kinshasa, Zaire.
To define the natural history of HIV-1 infection in HIV(+) mothers, in Zaire . Since December 1986, all pregnant women presenting to the maternity in active labor, were tested for HIV-1 antibodies. A consent was then asked in order to participate to the study. A prospective cohort study was carried
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu35 (abstract no. TuC 0541)
Magruder C, Gardner L, Jenkins P, Evans K, Lado L; Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, NC.
To examine sexually transmitted disease (STD) trends in a large military population and describe the characteristics of soldiers diagnosed with STDs. This information is being used to better target behavioral interventions for HIV prevention in a large population of mainly heterosexual, non IV drug using so
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu35 (abstract no. TuC 0540)
Wynendaele B, Bomba W, M'Manga W; Demographic Unit, Chancellor College EC AIDS Project, MACP, LLWE, Malawi.
To determine the effect of std counseling on std incidence and on risk reducing behaviour towards AIDS/HIV transmission in STD patients in Malawi . A pretest, posttest control group design has been used. Indicators were established through interviews on KAPB relating to AIDS, CONDOM USE and clinical
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0565)
Mugerwa RD; Dept. Medicine, Makerere Medical School.
Many developing countries have high HIV incidence rates. These conditions make such countries ideal sites for HIV vaccine efficacy studies. However, HIV vaccine trials pose many ethical, legal and logistical problems in addition to straining the existing human and material resources. DESCRIPTION OF PROJE
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0564)
Birx DL, Ammann A, Berman P, Lucas C, Gregory T, Obijeski J, Twaddell T, Aronson N, Johnson S, Kim J, et al; WRAIR, Washington, DC.
Determination of safety and immunogenicity of rgp120(lai) in early stage HIV positive patients. Forty-two early stage HIV infected patients from Walter Reed Army Medical Center have been enrolled into a multiple dose (100, 300, 600 ug) and schedule (0, 1, 4, 8, 16 vs. 0, 8, 16 weeks) rgp120(lai) tri
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0563)
Redfield RR, Birx DL, Vahey M, Johnson S, Loomis L, Michael N, Polonis V, VanCott T, Davis C, Brundage J, et al;
To evaluate the long term safety and immunogenicity of rgp160 in patients with early HIV infection. Thirty volunteers with Walter Reed Stage 1 and 2 HIV infection were immunized with a baculovirus expressed rgp160 vaccine using increasing dosage (40ug, 160ug, 640ug) via two immunization schedule (da
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0562)
Blick G, Buchanan S, Crook S, Diamond M, Smith G, Volvovitz F; Southern New England Community Consortium, Greenwich, CT.
To evaluate the toxicity, immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant gp160 envelope precursor and p24 core proteins in HIV-infected individuals regardless of initial CD4+ cell count. PATIENT SELECTION: Initially, 30 individuals with AIDS, ARC and asymptomatic HIV infection were randomly enrolled in October 1
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0561)
Valentine F, Katzenstein D, Haslett P, Beckett L, Borucki M, Vasquez M, Smriti K, Smith G, Korvick J, Kagan J, et al; New York Univ. Med. Cntr.
To determine the safety and immunogenicity of escalating doses of rgp160 in infected subjects with greater than 400 CD4 lymphocytes per mm3. 52 healthy subjects seropositive for both HIV and hepatitis B surface antigen were randomized to receive immunizations with recombinant hepatitis vaccine, or
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0560)
Tsoukas C, Sampalis J, Gold P, O'Shaughnessy M, Wainberg M, Smith G, Volvovitz F; McGill AIDS Center, Montreal, Canada.
OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant HIV envelope precursor protein VaxSyn (R) (rgp160) HIV-1 in HIV infected asymptomatic individuals with CD4 counts much greater than 500 cells/mm3. METHODS--21 patients (pts) were enrolled in a phase I study. Ten received 160ug (Group A) and 11 received
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu34 (abstract no. TuB 0539)
Veccia S, Giacometti A, Cinti B, Drenaggi D, Cirioni O, Scalise G; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Ancona, Italy.
The aim of this study was to value the adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in sera of patients with AIDS and proved mycobacterial infection. ADA activity was evaluated in sera of 17 subjects with mycobacterioses at the time of diagnosis: twelve infections caused by Mycobacterium tubercu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0538)
Hawken M, Nunn P, Gathua S, Godfrey-Faussett P, Brindle R, Githui W, Odhiambo J, Gilks C, Morris J, McAdam K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
To compare the recurrence rate of tuberculosis among HIV-1 positive and negative patients. 63 HIV-1 positive and 136 HIV-1 negative patients completed treatment with either thiacetazone and isoniazid daily for 12 months supplemented by streptomycin for the first month only, or daily rifampicin, ison
A retrospective study was performed to evaluate risk factors for tuberculosis in families with HIV-infected mothers. Between July 1, 1986 and December 31, 1991, 162 infants born to 150 HIV-infected mothers were followed at the pediatric unit of our hospital. Tuberculosis was diagnosed (cli
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0536)
Wadhawan D, Hira S, Mwansa N, Perine P; University Teaching Hospital, Zambia.
1. To determine the rate of development of active tuberculosis (TB) among HIV-infected persons; 2. To assess efficacy of isoniazide (INH) chemoprophylaxis in preventing development of active TB. METHODS. A randomized, single-blinded, controlled study is underway at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0535)
Busillo C, Mullen M, Soumakis S, Lessnau K, Sanjana V, Davidson M, Talavera W; Cabrini Medical Center, New York, N.Y. 10003.
Outbreaks of MDR-TB in patients infected with HIV have recently been described. We report an increased rate of MDR-TB in patients hospitalized at our medical center with 24 of 72 patients with TB between 12/90 and 5/91 as compared with 8 of 132 patients from 1982-1987. Nineteen cases of MDR-TB were identified in patien
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0534)
Fischl M, Uttamchandani R, Daikos G, Poblete R, Moreno J; Lai S. Univ. of Miami.
To evaluate an outbreak of MDR-TB in patients with HIV infection. Retrospective cohort study of TB among patients with HIV infection since 1988 and a nested case control study to evaluate risk factors for MDR-TB. Sixty-two cases with MDR-TB and 55 controls with susceptible-TB were identifi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0533)
Nunn P, Odhiambo J, Githui W, Gathua S, Wasunna K, Morris J, McAdam K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
To determine and compare mortality rates and causes among HIV-1 infected TB patients treated with either standard or short course drug regimens. 107 HIV+ and 174 HIV- TB patients were enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study and followed monthly in Nairobi, Kenya . Treatment was with either the stand
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0532)
Anastos K, Denenberg R, Solomon L, Rein S; Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, NY.
To determine the relationship of immune function as measured by CD4-cell counts and clinical disease stage with the prevalence of cervical cytologic abnormalities and gynecologic infections in HIV-infected women in continuity care in an inner-city community. Data were collected from all screening g
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0531)
Faye-Ndao MA, Diack-Mbaye A, Woto-Gaye G, Critchlow C, Langley C, Kiviat N, Coll-Seck AM; Faculty of Medicine, Dakar, Senegal.
To determine whether an association exists between HIV infection and cervical dysplasia. A case-control study has been underway at the Infectious Diseases Department in Dakar ( Senegal ) from June 1991 to February 1992. Women enrolled in the study underwent a standardized interview and clinical
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0530)
Keller J, Anderson J, Abrams J, Stanton D, Chaisson RE; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
To describe the results of cervical cytology and associated variables in a population of women with HIV infection. Retrospective chart and pap smear review conducted on 78 HIV+ women at the Johns Hopkins Hospital HIV clinic. The racial distribution was 83% black, 17% white. The mean age was
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0529)
Miotti P, Dallabetta G, Liomba G, Wangel A, Daniel R, Saah A, Shah K, Chiphangwi J; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.
To assess the association between cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL), HPV infection and HIV-1 infection in Malawian women. 286 post-partum women of known HIV-1 serostatus were administered a questionnaire and had an STD screen and PAP smear. Blood samples were obtained for measurement o
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0528)
Regevik N, Sen P, Raska K Jr, Raskova J, Middleton J, Nilsson S, Jiminez G, Jenson AB; Raritan Bay Med. Ctre., P.A., N.J.
To determine the significance of cervical human papilloma ( HPV ) infection and its correlation with immune status and Papanicolaou (PAP) smear abnormalities in women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Study subjects were recruited from the outpatient HIV/AIDS women s clinic. An ex
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0527)
Klein RS, Adachi A, Fleming I, Ho GY, Burk R; Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
To determine colposcopic findings and clinical outcome in HIV+ women with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) on PAP smears. HIV+ and HIV- women from a methadone maintenance treatment program who were enrolled in a study of the natural history of HIV infection had interview for HIV and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0515)
Matusa R, Ilie M; Spitalul Municipal, Constanta, Romania.
To describe the epidemiologic and clinical features between 2 month and 5 years old of 650 cases of paediatric AIDS identified in Constanta district in Romania since September 1989. Because of the lack of opportunistic infectious diagnosis with exception of TB, it was found better to use a modified
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0514)
Castelli G, Benaglia G, Campelli A, Caselli D, Chiodo F, Duse M, Elia L, Fundaro C, Giaquinto C, Guzzanti E, et al;
A nationwide programme has been set up to investigate the tolerance and the efficacy of long term oral AZT administration in HIV infected children. In 45 centers participating in the programme 272 patients (2 months to 14 years) with symptomatic HIV infection (CDC-P2) have been enrolled in an open p
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0513)
Hoyt L, Palumbo P, Demasio K, Oleske J, Connor E; Department of Pediatrics, UMD-New Jersey Medical School.
To describe measles serostatus, vaccine responsiveness and the course of measles infection in a cohort of HIV-infected children during an epidemic in Newark, New Jersey 1990-91. Medical records of HIV-infected children followed at the Children s Hospital AIDS Program were reviewed to obtain results
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0512)
Miles SA, Baldwin E, Magpantay L, Wei L, Stiehm R, Toedter G, Hofheinz D, Bryson Y; UCLA CARE Center.
Early identification of HIV-1 infection in infants born to seropositive mothers is important. We evaluated a rapid, simple serologic assay for its ability to correctly identify HIV infection in this population. Coulter HIV p24 antigen assay was performed with glycine-HCl dissociation and tris-buffe
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0511)
Burgard M, Rouzioux C, Blanche S, Mayaux MJ, Griscelli C; Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
To assess the diagnostic value of viral culture and antigenemia in neonates included in the French Pediatric Prospective Study since 1988. PATIENTS: From April 1988 to August 1991, 355 samples from neonates born to HIV-1 mothers were tested in the Virology s Laboratory of Hopital Necker, 145 infants had a s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0510)
Dallabetta G, Miotti P, Liomba G, Chiphangwi J, Wangel AM, Nyirenda M, Saah A, Meyers L, Graham N; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.
To establish the diagnostic utility of cervical friability (CX FRIAB) and cervical discharge (CX DIS) on physical exam and leukocyte esterase dipstick (LED) for cervicitis caused by N. gonorrhoeae (GC) or C. trachomatis (CT) in an STD clinic. 505 consecutive women presenting to an STD clinic had a p
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0559)
Andrieu JM, Lu W, Manolikakis G, Tourani JM, Lowenstein W, Eme D; Israel-Biet, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Hopital Laennec, Universite de Paris V, France.
To evaluate the relationship between the frequency of infectious HIV+ cells in the blood of asymptomatic subjects and the rate of circulating CD4 cell depletion and disease progression within the next 3 years. Out of more than 1000 HIV-1 infected subjects who were referred to us, 103 were selected o
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0558)
Kok W, Klevits T, von Gemen B, Adriaanse H, von Strijp D, Schukkink R, Sooknanan R, Malek L, Huisman H, Bruisten S, et al; Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands.
Use of NASBA(tm) technology to develop a method for sensitive and accurate non-radioactive detection of HIV RNA in clinical samples and a method for quantification of the viral load in these samples. First a simple preparation method (based on GuSCN/silica) is used to isolate nucleic acid (DNA and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0557)
Semple MG, Kaye S, Ayliffe UJ, Loveday C, Tenant-Flowers M, Weller IV, Tedder RS; Division of Virology, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK.
To investigate the relationship between HIV-1 viraemia, disease progression, antiretroviral therapy and the emergence of drug resistant strains in the following patient groups: babies, children and adults. Serum samples from 66 anti-HIV-1 negative blood donors, 6 anti-HIV-1 negative STD clinic attend
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0556)
Dragon E, Butcher A, Kinard S, Kung K, McCreedy B, Salter L, Spadoro J, Wang J; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. Branchburg, NJ.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a single-primer pair, coupled with a microtiter plate (MTP) hybridization format, has been evaluated for the detection of HIV-1 DNA in clinical specimens. Leucocytes were obtained from whole blood by a rapid lysis procedure that eliminates the need for gradient
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0555)
Bieniasz PD, Ariyoshi K, Weber JN; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
To analyse the HIV load in peripheral blood by RNA PCR, DNA PCR, tissue culture infectious doses and antigen ELISA. 12 HIV infected subjects were examined for their viral load in plasma and PBMC. Plasma TCID/ml and PBMC TCID/10(6) cells were determined by a limiting dilution tissue culture method us
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0554)
Ascher DP, Roberts C, Fowler A; Wilford Hall Medical Center, San Antonio, TX.
The p24 core antigen is a poor prognostic factor for disease progression in HIV infection. The p24 antigen is only detectable in a minority of asymptomatic HIV infected individuals and thus is a specific but not sensitive marker. The low recovery rate of p24 antigen is in part felt to be secondary to immu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0526)
Yu X, Yuan X, Essex M, Lee TH; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
To study the functional role of the cytoplasmic domain of HIV-1 transmembrane protein (TM) in viral replication, and the potential use of gp41 mutants to block HIV-1 replication. In-frame stop codons were introduced into the region of the gp41 cytoplasmic domain. Viral Env protein synthesis, proces
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0525)
Matsuda Z, Yu XF, Yu QC, Essex M, Lee TH; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
We define a virion-specific interfering molecule (VSIM) as a molecule which can be specifically targeted into virions to disrupt their structure or function. The essential elements of a potential VSIM are a virion-association motif and a potential interfering domain. Toward the design of a VSIM against HIV-
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0524)
Caruso M, Tzikas G, Roussel M, Alizon M, Klatzmann D; CNRS URA D1463, Hopital de la Pitie-Salpetriere, France.
We constructed HIV-trigerred booby trapped cells for gene therapy of HIV infection by placing a gene encoding a toxic protein under the control of the HIV regulatory sequences. We used the expression of diphtheria toxin (DTA) as a sensitive assay to investigate whether one could achieved appropriate control of the toxi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0523)
Balzarini J, Perez-Perez MJ, San-Felix A, Velazquez S, Camarasa MJ, De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U. Leuven, Belgium.
A novel class of nucleoside analogues (i.e. 1-[2 ,5 -bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl]-3 -spiro- 5 -[4 -amino-1 ,2 -oxathiole-2 ,2 -di-oxide]pyrimidines), designated TSAO, have been found to be potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), but not HIV-2, simian immu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0522)
Calio R, Del Gobbo V, Perno CF, Villani N, Balestra E, Sesa F, Jindrich I, Holy A, Balzarini J, De Clercq E; Univ. Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
To assess the immunomodulatory activity of inhibitors of HIV replication. C57/B16 mice were inoculated with various concentrations of AZT or the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues: 9-(2-phosphonyl-methoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA), 9-(2-phosphonyl-methoxyethyl)-2,6-diaminopurine (PMEDAP), (R,S)-9-(
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0521)
McGuigan C, Kinchington D, Jeffres DJ, O'Connor TJ; Dept of Virology, St Bartholomews Hospital Medical College, London, England.
Phosphate derivatives of AZT have been prepared as membrane-soluble pro-drugs of the bio-active nucleotide forms. Over two hundred novel structures have been prepared, which shows a wide range of activities against HIV-1 in vitro. We have previously noted that simple dialkyl phosphates are inactive, whilst
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu28 (abstract no. TuA 0509)
Muller S, Wang H, Silverman GJ, Bramlet G, Haigwood N, Goudsmit J, Kohler H; San Diego Regional Cancer Center, CA.
Clonal antibody restriction in healthy individuals infected with HIV-1 was detected when using the criteria of skewed light chain lambda or kappa isotype expression by antibodies directed to the HIV-1 p24, gp 120 or reverse transcriptase (RT, p65). Isoelectric focusing of affinity purified anti-p24 and anti-gp 120 anti
Early studies with HIV-1 suggested that a weak or poor immune response was responsible for the viruses success in the human host. Paradoxically however, the viral envelope contains at least 2 immunodominant, functional, and cross-reactive epitopes which elicit an autologous neutralizing antibody isolate wit
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu28 (abstract no. TuA 0507)
Pinter A, Honnen WJ, Tilley SA; S. A. Public Health Research Institute, New York, N.Y. 10016.
Last year we reported that HuMAbs against the V3-loop and the CD4-binding site of gp120 exhibit potent synergistic neutralization of HIV-1. To determine the molecular basis of this synergy, detailed studies of the binding of these HuMAbs to native env proteins of HIV-1 virions were performed. H9 ce
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu28 (abstract no. TuA 0506)
Zolla-Pazner S, Gorny MK, Conley AJ, Buchbinder A, Emini E, Koenig S, Karwowska S, Xu JY; VA Med Ctr, New York, NY.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the V3 loop have been synonymous with type specificity, implying a narrow range of biological activity. However, studies of virus sequences show a finite number of motifs at the tip of the V3 loop. Conversely, mAbs to the CD4 binding domain (alpha CD4bd) were thought to defin
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0505)
Tilley SA, Honnen WJ, Racho ME, Hilgartner M, Pinter A; Public Health Res. Inst., NY, NY.
To develop HuMAbs against HIV with potent, broadly neutralizing activity. HuMAb 5145A was derived by EBV-transformation of PBMC from an asymptomatic, seropositive hemophiliac and characterized essentially as described for HuMAb 1125H [Tilley et al. (1991) Res. Virol. 142:247]. Neutralization and syn
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0504)
Haigwood N, Yoshiyama H, McClure J, Ho DD, Steimer KS; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA.
Effective immunization of experimental animals, and ultimately humans, with subunit vaccines against HIV-1 will require the induction of broad-spectrum immune responses. Neutralizing antibodies induced by subunit immunization were examined in an effort (1) to determine the capacity of these sera to neutrali
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0503)
Feichtinger H, Li SL, Emberg I, Kaaya EE, Putkonen P, Biberfeld G, Biberfeld P; Dep. of Pathology, Univ. of Innsbruck, Austria.
Characterization of the lymphoma subtype and demonstration of the pathogenic importance of a cynomolgus B-lymphotropic herpes virus (CBLV) in SIV-related lymphomas of cynomolgus monkeys in analogy to corresponding EBV-associated AIDS lymphomas. 33 cynomolgus monkeys were infected with simian immuno
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0502)
Holterman L, Niphuis H, Dubbes R, Koornstra W, Murphy-Corb M, Heeney J; Dept. of Chronic and Infectious Diseases, ITRI-TNO, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
To determine if repeated passage of SIV in vivo results in increased virulence as measured by the progression time to AIDS. Ten age matched juvenile Macaca mulatta were infected with an equivalent dose of SIVB670. The first animal to develop AIDS (7 months) was the donor of 2 x 10(6) PBMC or lymph n
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0501)
Hayami M, Shibata R, Sakuragi S, Igarashi T, Adachi A; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
As HIV-1 is able to infect only higher primates, construction of chimeric viruses between HIV-1 and SIVMAC infectable to macaque monkey was attempted to establish HIV-1-macaque monkey infection system. A series of chimeric viruses were constructed in vitro between HIV-1 (NL 432) and SIVMAC (239) inf
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0500)
Agy MB, Frumkin L, Corey L, Coombs R, Wolinsky S, Morton W, Koehler J, Katze MG; Regional Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
To develop a useful animal model for HIV-1 infection in a macaque species. Macaque PBMC from 3 species were purified from ficoll, PHA stimulated for 72 hours, and infected by HIV-1LAI or SIVmne. Further, M. nemestrina PBMC from several animals were similarly prepared and infected by 2 additional HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1566)
Sakho ML, Ndoye I, Mboup S, Coll Seck M, Fall B, Diakhate L, Sarr LC; Comite SIDA Senegal.
To control the AIDS epidemic and to promote preventive attitudes and behavior. 1) Establishment of a National Committee Against AIDS to implement a medium term National Program (NP). 2) Evaluation of this Program. TABULAR DATA, SEE ABSTRACT VOLUME. DISCUSSION: The overall result was positi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1565)
Cohen M, Tarantola D, Netter T, Case P, Back S, Mann J; Global AIDS Policy Coalition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
To analyze national policies and strategies related to HIV/AIDS prevention in the world, 1991. A 35 country survey, representing 85% of the estimated number of HIV infections and 75% of the population in the world, was conducted between 12/91 and 3/92. Respondents were managers of National AIDS Prog
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1564)
Tarantola D, Finlay J, Cameron C, Netter T, Moore L, Mann J; Global AIDS Policy Coalition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
To determine the magnitude and trends of financing of AIDS programs from domestic and international sources and describe patterns of resource allocation to prevention, care and research in industrialized and developing countries. Through a large scale survey, national AIDS program managers, oversea
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1563)
Bailey WA;
Governmental support for primary AIDS prevention in the United States has been lacking and uneven. The cultural and historical forces that have shaped modern American society have resulted in the imposition of significant restrictions on governmental support for innovative, explicit and targeted AIDS prevention efforts
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1562)
Dai Z, Qi XQ, Su XH; Department of Epidemic Prevention, Ministry of Public Health, PRC.
In collaboration with WHO, the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) developed the MTP in March 1990 and began to implement it late of the same year. The design of the MTP was based on the tradition of our health policy of prevention first . The main objective of the plan is to prevent the spr
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th74 (abstract no. ThD 1547)
Kim K, Huang Y, Li J, Le J, Poiesz B, Friedman-Kien A; NYU Medical Center NYC.
HIV-1 INFECTION AND MODULATION OF CYTOKINE AND GROWTH FACTOR EXPRESSION IN AIDS-KAPOSI S SARCOMA DERIVED CELLS To investigate whether HIV-1 is able to infect AIDS-KS derived cells in vitro and some physiological changes resulting from the infection. Two different KS-derived cell lines were used in
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th74 (abstract no. ThD 1546)
Cadranel J, Winter C, Kammoun S, Perrot A, Denis M, Rozenbaum MW, Akoun G, Mayaud C; Hopital Tenon, Paris, France.
AIDS patients (pts) with symptomatic pulmonary KS have spontaneous survival of less than 3 months. Recent reports in small groups of pts have shown that such evolution may be improved by CT. In this study, we have analysed prognostic factors for survival in 30 pts with symptomatic pulmonary KS treated with 3-drug chemo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th74 (abstract no. ThD 1545)
Dormann A, Gruenewald T, Ross ME, Pohle HD, Ruf B, Schueler W; II. Dept. of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University Hospital, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Germany.
To compare efficacy and safety of LD with three-drug regimen using adriamycin, vinblastine and bleomycin in patients with advanced HIV-associated KS. Two groups (each n = 7) designed as matched pairs by the degree of the disease and CD4+ lymphocyte counts and compared according to clinical and/or ra
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1530)
Sundararaman S, Narayan H, Daniel A; AIDS Research Foundation Of India, Madras.
Though HIV infection was initially detected among Commercial sex workers in Madras, their clients in fact are the unseen partners in the infection chain. The increase in HIV infection among men involving in multipartner sexual intercourse necessitated a risk reduction intervention program. A preli
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1529)
Kasprzyk D, Montano DE, Wilson D; Battelle Seattle Research Center, WA.
(1) To elicit factors affecting condom use and monogamy in Zimbabwe and to compare these factors among 8 targeted risk groups (CSWs, Clients, STD patients, Truckers, Fishermen, Urban and Rural community individuals and Urban workplace individuals), by gender, and by rural/urban; (2) To compare above groups
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1528)
Temoshok L, Blake SM, Rundell JR, Sharp ES, Ledsky R; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD.
To estimate the prevalence of HIV exposure risk-relevant behaviors in an ethnically and geographically diverse, sexually active population; and to identify knowledge, attitudinal, sociocultural, behavioral, and situational factors associated with HIV exposure potential. The U.S. Army-Wide HIV/AIDS S
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1527)
Rapkin B, Mantell JE, Tross S, Ortiz-Torres B; New York University.
Few HIV-related media events have received as much attention as Magic Johnson s (the U.S. basketball star) public disclosure of his HIV+ status. We examine the impact of this event on inner-city women s behavior, testing decisions and health beliefs, using data from the Cultural Network Project. Ma
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1526)
Rugg D, Banspach S, Short L; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
To assess self-reported intentions to maintain or change to safer sexual practices among 2,840 U.S. adolescents due to a national sports celebrity s (Magic Johnson) public disclosure of positive HIV antibody status. Students (9th-11th grade, ages 14-18) in 16 Colorado schools and 9 San Diego schools
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1525)
VanLandingham M, Suprasert S, Sittitrai W, Vaddhanaphuti C; Chiang Mai Univ.
The research goals are to assess 1) the degree of under standing among young men in northern Thailand about how AIDS is transmitted & 2) the determinants of risky sexual practices. A major hypothesis to be explored is that close friends influence each other s decisions about visiting prostitutes & u
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th65 (abstract no. ThD 1502)
Stewart D, Falconer DA; Black Coalition For AIDS Prevention, Toronto, Canada.
The Black communities in Toronto consist of predominantly immigrants from a diversity of cultural backgrounds with most originating from the Caribbean. With limited resources, the Black Coalition For AIDS Prevention (Black CAP) had the challenges of incorporating gender, class and sexual orientation and making t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th65 (abstract no. ThD 1501)
Phiri N, Kweekeh F, Nyambe J, Chirwa BU;
ISSUE Introducing AIDS intervention in a rural community posed a major challenge to both local and health workers. Most local people did not perceive AIDS as a major problem. HIV infected persons were thought to be suffering from traditionally perceived illnesses. e.g. ICHIFUBA CHAMANKOWESHA. DESCRIPTION OF PR
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th65 (abstract no. ThD 1500)
Vazquez Acuna M, Faas L; University of Amsterdam.
Finding ways to diminish outbursts of violence amongst HIV-seropositive men in Buenos Aires prison Villa Devoto . PROJECT: The HIV+ inmates form a self-help group that, with help of a judge, establishes contacts with NGOs that bring updated information on HIV-disease, give classes in first aid and hygiene and pr
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1582)
Bauer G, Johnson JP, Lewis GK, Tuskan R, Hines SE, Nair P, Umovitz HB, Cole GA; School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
Because, in adults, IgG reactive specifically with gp160 is detectable in urine during HIV infection, (Cao, Y.Z. et al., Lancet 1988; I:831-32) we are assaying urine samples from infants of HIV-infected women for such antibodies to determine whether their presence is diagnostic of perinatal HIV transmission
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1581)
Krivine A, Firtion G, Cao L, Francoual C, Henrion R, Lebon P; Hopital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris, France.
we have conducted a prospective longitudinal study to evaluate the HIV status of 50 infants born to HIV seropositive mothers within the first weeks of life. blood samples were obtained at birth, 4-9 weeks and 5-9 months and were tested for HIV-1 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), viral culture and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1580)
Shaffer N, Ou CY, Abrams EJ, Krasinski K, Parekh B, Thomas P, Bamji M, Moore J, Kilbourne B, George R, et al; CDC, Atlanta, GA.
To evaluate the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and HIV-specific IgA (HIV-IgA) as early diagnostic tests for infection in children born to HIV-1 infected mothers. HIV-exposed children were enrolled at birth, beginning in 1986, and followed prospectively at 2-3 month intervals for at least 15 months
Detection of p24 antigen in perinatally infected children as a diagnostic assay has been limited due to immune complex formation with passively transferred maternal anti-p24 antibody. Since acid treatment of serum is known to disrupt immune complexes, we examined the diagnostic utility of the p24 antigen ass
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1578)
Wiznia A, Conroy J, Liu HK, Nozyce M; Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center.
To compare results of HIV virus isolation, HIV-1 PCR amplification, laboratory and clinical studies in a population of HIV-seroreverter children (CDC Classification P-3). 102 HIV-seronegative children known to be HIV-seropositive at birth (P-3) underwent the following laboratory evaluations: HIV an
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1561)
Theetranont C, Suprasert S, Romyen S, Tulvatana S, Nelson K, Celentano D, Wright N; Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
The spread of HIV Infection in Thailand is reaching epidemic proportions, most notably among residents of northern provinces. Serosurveys have shown prostitutes and drug users to have high rates, although few studies have empirically documented risk factors. We assessed the risk factors for prevalent HIV amo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1560)
Futterman D, Cohn J, Monte D, Shaffer N; Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
To determine risk behaviors and clinical status of HIV+ adolescents followed at a New York City clinic for HIV+ and high risk youth (age 13-21y). At intake and during periodic followup, HIV+ adolescents (N = 60) assessed via clinical interview and examination regarding sexual and drug use behavior a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1559)
Ungchusak K, Rehle T, Aiemsukwat C, Kunasol P, Tharmaphornpilas P, Brinkman U, Siraprapasiri T; Division of Epidemiology, MOPH Thailand.
To study the epidemiology and social behavior of female commercial sex workers (CSWs) and male technical school students in a major Northeastern city, in order to better plan HIV intervention programs. As a result of cooperation and trust between brothel owners and public health officials, about 22
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1558)
Rundell JR, Temoshok L, Blake SM, Sharp ES, Ledsky R; Div. of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Wash DC.
To identify factors associated with occurrence of STDs in an ethnically and geographically diverse sexually active population, as part of a large-scale survey of HIV risk-relevant behaviors. METHODS. The U.S. Army-Wide HIV/AIDS Survey was administered anonymously in a two-stage random probability design to a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1557)
Bradley JE, Muia E, Ngugi EN, Njeru EK, Eldridge G, Olenja J, Wotton K, Ronald AR, Plummer FA, Moses S; International Projects Assistance Services, Nairobi, Kenya.
To identify appropriate entry points for intervening to reduce the transmission of STDs in Kenya , including HIV infection, by examining behaviour which puts individuals at risk. Questionnaires were administered by trained interviewers to 382 patients with STDs attending 3 municipal health centres i
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1556)
Jacob M; Dept. of Dermatology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore, India.
AIM: To study the pattern and incidence of STDs in HIV seropositive individuals and their role as risk factors in the transmission of HIV. All new patients attending the STD clinic during the period OCT 86 to JAN 92 were included. Demographic data and sexual history were recorded. The diagnosis of various STDs
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1555)
Weiss SH, French J, Klein CW, Mayur RK, Altman R; UMD-NJ School of Medicine, Newark.
Examine predictors of mortality in an ongoing study of injection drug users (IDU), particularly among those HIV seronegative (SN) on enrollment. We administered an extensive questionnaire, and obtained blood for HIV and HTLV testing and storage, on 963 IDU from New Jersey in 1984. SN have been peri
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1554)
Sarkar SK, Sarkar K, Ponda S, Naik TN, Singh BC, Tripathy SP, Pal SC; NICED, Calcutta, India.
To study the high risk behaviours of the IDUs and monitor the HIV prevalence over last 5 yrs and find out the prevalence of the IDUs in the community. North-eastern States of India border Myanmar and consist of less than 1% of the total population in the country. IVDUs of these States have been mon
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1553)
Reardon J, Wilson MJ, Lemp GF, Gaudino JA, Snyder D, Elcock M, Nguyen S;
To determine HIV-1 seroprevalence rates and demographic and additional factors associated with HIV-1 infection among women with a history of injection drug use entering treatment in the San Francisco Bay Area. During the period October 1, 1989--September 30, 1991 we conducted HIV-1 unlinked serosur
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1552)
Ciaffi L, Nicolosi A, Correa Leite ML, Musicco M, Molinari S, Lazzarin A; University of Milan.
To monitor time trends of HIV infection s incidence and risk factors among intravenous drug users (IVDU) and study the dynamics of seroconversion rates in relation to behaviors, prevalence of the infection and other variables influencing the rate of parenteral and sexual HIV transmission. All IVDU a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1551)
Jose B, Friedman SR, Neaigus A, Curtis R, Des Jarlais DC; Narcotic and Drug Research, Inc., NY, NY.
To assess the extent to which frontloading is associated with exposure to HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs). Frontloading is a drug sharing practice in which an injector s syringe is used to measure drugs and to give a fair share to another injector by spouting the drug into another s syringe. S
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1550)
Soto J, Lamothe F, Bruneau J, Vinceiette J, Brabant M, Fauvel M; Saint-Luc Hospital, Quebec, Canada.
To evaluate the incidence of HIV seroconversion in a cohort of intravenous drug users (IVDU) and to determine factors associated with the risk of HIV infection. We considered eligible for inclusion any adult using intravenous drugs in the last 6 months. Subjects were referred by several treatment c
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1524)
Bulterys M, Chao A, Farzadegan H, Nawrocki P, Dushimimana A, Habimana P, Kurawige J, Musanganire F, Burnley A, Saah A; Johns Hopkins Univ.
1) To examine a possible association between detection of HIV-1 proviral DNA in milk and mother-to-child transmission (MCT). 2) To study MCT and detection of HIV-1 in milk in relation to a recent history of multiple sexual partners. Prospective cohort study of 304 HIV-1 sero(+) and 298 sero(-) wome
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1523)
Ruff A, Coberly J, Burnley A, Boulos R, Desormeaux J, Halsey N, Farzadegan H; Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD.
To determine the prevalence of HIV DNA and/or p24 antigen (p24) in breast milk and the association with maternal-infant HIV transmission. Milk was collected at three month intervals from 40 HIV+ and 15 HIV- women. Cells were tested for HIV DNA by PCR and aqueous phase for p24 by EIA. Sequential milk
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1522)
Kuznetsova II, Porkhachova TM, Pokrovsky VV; Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia.
to determine the influence of breast-feeding on HIV-seroprevalence among newborns of HIV-infected mothers. All the examined HIV(+) women which had delivery after May 1988 were suggested to wean their infants. Among 32 observed mother-child pairs 2 children died in perinatal period, 2--emigr
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1521)
Van de Perre P, Simonon A, Hitimana DG, Karita E, Msellati P, Mukambano B, Van Goethem C, Dabis F, Lepage P; AIDS Reference Laboratory, National AIDS Control Program, Kigali, Rwanda.
1. To estimate the frequency of HIV-1 antibodies in milk of infected mothers at various times in the post partum period. 2. To evaluate their potential protective effect on mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. In a cohort of 215 HIV-1 infected mothers, milk samples were collected at day 15, month
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1520)
Newell ML; Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
to determine maternal factors influencing the rate of vertical transmission In 19 European centres children born to women known to be HIV-infected before the time of delivery were followed prospectively from birth, using a standard protocol. Information was collected on both mothers and children. R
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1519)
Muth SQ, Woodhouse DE, Potterat JJ, Muth JB, Darrow WW; El Paso County Health Dept., Colorado Springs, CO.
This is an ongoing longitudinal study to describe the social networks of prostitute women, injecting drug users (IDU) and their sexual and needle partners, and to determine how network structure influences the spread of HIV within those networks. Since 1988, 125 prostitute women, 207 IDU, and 269 o
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1518)
Van Druten HA, Hendriks JC, Van Griensven GJ; University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
A role separation mixing model is developed to study preference in homosexual role behavior and the changes therein as a possible co-factor in the spread of HIV. The model is linked to data from the Amsterdam cohort study. Homosexual men from the Amsterdam cohort study are classified into four sexu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1517)
Fennema JS, van Ameijden EJ, Coutinho RA, van Doornum GJ, Henquet C, van den Hoek JA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
To estimate HIV prevalence among attenders of an STD-clinic and assess the potential risk of further heterosexual (HETS) transmission of HIV. In 1991 we conducted a cross sectional linked anonymous HIV study among clinic attenders who came for a new consultation in a 11 week study period. Participat
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1516)
Potterat J, Bethea P, Muth S, Woodhouse D, Muth J; El Paso County Department of Health and Environment, Colorado Springs, CO.
Develop and use social network analytic tools to identify high risk people within a network of street gang members for HIV prevention activities. METHODS & Social network analysis identified a densely connected block of 92 gang members and their consorts in Colorado Springs, all sexually linked
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1515)
Stigum H, Falck W, Magnus P, Bakketeig LS; Dep. of Epidemiology, Natl Inst of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
To evaluate the importance of core groups with high sexual activity on the spread of gonorrhea, chlamydia and HIV in the heterosexual population. A set of differential equations is used to model the spread of STD s in a heterosexual population which includes a core group of highly sexually active su
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1514)
Job B, Omari MA, Mutere AN, Plummer FA, Moses S, Ndinya-Achola JO, Kreiss JK; University of Nairobi, Kenya.
To determine the seroprevalence, seroincidence, and correlates of HIV infection among long distance truck drivers in Kenya . Truck drivers along the Mombasa-Nairobi highway were enrolled at a roadside research clinic near Nairobi between June 1989 and December 1991. A standardized interview was condu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th81 (abstract no. ThB 1577)
Ramirez-Amador V, De la Rosa E, Gonzalez M, Gonzalez A, Hernandez C, Rivera I, Ponce-de-Leon S, Ponce-de-Leon S; UAM-X, Mexico D.F.
To evaluate the prognostic significance of hairy leukoplakia (HL) and oral candidosis (OC) for the subsequent development of AIDS in HIV-infected mexican patients. Sixty-four HIV-antibody positive individuals; 30 (CDC-II), 34 (CDC-III), were followed prospectively for a period from 6 to 24 months.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th75 (abstract no. ThB 1549)
Principi N, Vago T, Massironi E, Tornaghi R, De Pasquale MP, Picco P, Marchisio P; Pediatr Dept 4, University of Milan, Italy.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the presence of HIV-1 mutations in HIV infected children treated with zidovudine (ZDV) METHODS 19 HIV infected children (9 P2A,4 P2AB,2 P2AC,1 P2AD1,3 P2AF) treated with ZDV (600 mg/m2/day) were prospectively followed-up monthly with clinical and laboratory controls. The presence of mutant HIV-1 s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th75 (abstract no. ThB 1548)
Safrin S, Elbaggari A, Elbeik T; San Francisco General Hospital, University of California 94110.
We performed a case-control study to determine the risk factors associated with the development of acyclovir-resistant HSV infection in HIV-infected patients. The Research Virology Laboratory at San Francisco General Hospital has served as a reference laboratory for testing of antiviral susceptibil
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th73 (abstract no. ThB 1544)
Tirelli U, Oksenhendler E, Vaccher E, Errante D, Spina M, Crosato IM, Magnani G, Malfltano A, Salassa B, Lombardi F, et al; Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.
Since May 1988, within the French-Italian Cooperative Study Group. 37 consecutive patients with HIV-NHL and poor prognosis, i.e. with PS greater than or equal to 3 and/or opportunistic infections (OI) in the history were prospectively treated with combined low dose chemotherapy CHVmP Vincristine Bleo (50% reduced dosag
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th73 (abstract no. ThB 1543)
Saltzman BR, Friedman-Kien AE, Huang YQ, Li JJ; N.Y.U. Medical Center, NY.
1. Describe epidemiology and clinical course of HIV-neg EKS in HS men. 2. Determine presence or absence of known human retroviral genomic sequences in EKS tissue samples via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 1. Identification of HS men with EKS who are HIV-neg. 2. EIA, Western blot HIV p24 Ag, on se
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th73 (abstract no. ThB 1542)
Oksenhendler E, Gisselbrecht C, Tirelli U, Gabaree J, Farcet JP, Lepage E, Monfardini S; Hop. St Louis, Paris, France.
To evaluate an intensive combination chemotherapy (LNH84; JCO 08/89) in HIV-NHL and to define the major prognostic factors. PATIENTS: 141 patients with good performance status (PS less than 3) and no uncontrolled opportunistic infection were included from Jan 1988 to Jan 1991. Histology: Burkitt: 59 pts, dif
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1513)
Concha M, Selnes OA, Royal W, Updike M, Nance-Sproson T, Vlahov D, Palenicek J, McArthur JC; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.
To compare the neuropsychologic performance between AIDS-free IV drug users and homosexual/bisexual men according to HIV serostatus and CD4+ count. Baseline neuropsychologic performance of 107 IV drug users and 230 homosexual/bisexual men was compared. Tests measured attention, memory, and psychomot
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1512)
Britton CB, Romagnoli M, Sisti M, Powers JM; Columbia University, New York, New York.
We evaluated twenty-six patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and HIV infection. Thirteen patients were treated with intrathecal cytosine arabinoside (ara-C). PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT CRITERIA: Twenty-five men and one woman were referred for evaluation of possible PML over a four y
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1511)
Brew BJ, Corbeil J, Pemberton L, Heyes M, Evans L, Penny R, Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Quinolinic acid (QUIN), an excitotoxin acting through the N Methyl D Aspartate receptor, has been found to be markedly elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with AIDS dementia complex (ADC), raising the possibility of its importance in the pathogenesis of ADC. The cellular origin of QUIN and its r
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1510)
Royal W 3d, Concha M, McArthur JC, Selnes OA, Nance-Sproson TE; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
To determine the relationship between CSF measurements of HIV-1 p24 antigen (p24Ag) in samples from HIV-1 seropositive individuals and the presence of HIV-related dementia . Blood (plasma or serum) and CSF samples were assayed for p24Ag in antigen capture EIA following treatment in acidic buffer (Co
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1509)
Stein Z, Mellins CA, Levenson RL Jr, Zawadzki R, Kairam R; HIV Center for Clinical & Behavioral Studies, NYS Psych. Inst., NY.
To explore the potential contribution to cognitive functioning of: HIV infection, neurological impairment, and pre-natal drug-exposure. 49 children who were HIV-exposed and between the ages of 2.5 and 8.5 years received neurological (standard clinical examination) and psychological (McCarthy Scales o
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1508)
Valentine CB, Weston R, Kitchen V, Main J, Moncrieff KC, Aber VR; St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London.
To establish patterns of usage of prescribed medication, alternative medication consumption, the beliefs of our patients surrounding these agents and patterns of recreational drug use. All patients attending our HIV clinic during a representative 2 week period were asked to complete an anonymous se
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th80 (abstract no. ThA 1576)
Hadida F, Samri A, Hosmalin A, Spohn R, Jung G, Debre P, Autran B; Lab. Cell. Immunol, Hop. Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
NEF is an early regulatory protein known for its high immunogenicity. We have previously described an immunodominant region for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in its C-terminus (AA 182-206). The aim of this study was to determine whether: 1/ this region contained several CTL epitopes as predicted by theoretic
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th80 (abstract no. ThA 1575)
Kalams S, Johnson RP, Trocha A, Dynan MJ, Kurnick JT, Walker BD; Infectious Disease Unit, Mass. General Hosp., Boston.
To determine the T cell receptor (TCR) gene usage of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) with known epitope specificity and class I HLA restriction from an HIV-1 infected individual. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from a seropositive individual were cloned at limiting dilution in the presence
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th80 (abstract no. ThA 1574)
Johnson RP, Trocha A, Dynan M, D'Aquila R, Blattner W, Walker BD; Mass. General Hosp., Boston.
To identify cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes using target cells expressing homologous viral proteins and to analyze the extent of sequence variation in HIV-1 DNA coding for these CTL epitopes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from a laboratory worker infected with HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th80 (abstract no. ThA 1573)
Koenig S, van Kuyk R, Jones G, Torbett B, Mosier D, Brewah YA, Leath S, Davey VJ, Yannelli J, Rosenberg S, et al; MedImmune Inc, Gaithersburg, MD.
We have previously demonstrated that nef-specific CTL can inhibit HIV replication in vitro. Preliminary studies indicated that adoptive transfer of CTL to SCID mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (hu-PBL-SCID) just prior to HIV challenge can prevent infection in 20% of the animals. In t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1572)
Jones W, Barnard A, Slade A, Mills KH; NIBSC, South Mimms, Herts, U.K.
To examine the specificity of macaque CD4+ MHC class II-restricted T cells for the SIV envelope glycoprotein. CD4+ T cell lines and clones specific for the SIV env glycoprotein were established from cynomolgus macaques immunised with either recombinant env or inactivated SIV vaccines. The epitope sp
To determine the evolution of 5 zidovudine conferring mutations on the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) gene during therapy. Sequential HIV-1 isolates obtained from 2 initially asymptomatic individuals who progressed to AIDS during zidovudine therapy, were analyzed. The viral genome encoding for RT
To analyse, at the molecular level, the RT sequence of the pol gene of HIV-1 from 5 AZT treated patients, to identify potential sites of mutation giving viral drug resistance and to relate these sites of mutation to a three dimensional model of the RT polymerase domain. DNA was Phenol extracted fro
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1569)
McLeod G, Mayers D, McCutchan F, Sanders-Buell E, Hammer S; New Eng Deaconess Hosp, Boston.
1) To characterize the dideoxynucleoside (DDN) sensitivities of isolates of HIV-1 obtained from patients receiving ddl; 2) To determine the amino acid sequence of the RT of these isolates; 3) To describe a unique isolate which is high level AZT , ddl, &
Analysis of HIV isolates from individuals receiving zidovudine monotherapy has revealed the presence of four mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) which confer high level resistance to zidovudine, namely Asp67- Asn, Lys70- Arg, Thr215- Tyr or Phe and Lys219- Gln. However, it was clear from the study
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1567)
Emini EA, Sardana VV, Byrnes VW, Register RB, Schleif WA, Condra JH; Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486.
The HIV type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme is specifically inhibited by a structurally diverse series of recently described nonnucleoside compounds. These include the pyridinone derivatives L-696, 229 and L-697, 661 as well as BI-RG-587 and the TIBO compounds. HIV-1 variants have been reported
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1541)
Gorochov G, Autran B, Debre P, Sigaux F; Lab. Molecular Hematology, Hop. St Louis, Paris, France.
To study the hypothesis of a selective in-vivo deletion of T cell receptor (TCR) V-Beta chains as co-factors for CD4+ cell depletion in HIV disease. We studied the evolution of the usage of Beta chain repertoire during progression of the disease. We performed a PCR analysis of the V-Beta segments w
To analyze T cell receptor (TcR) V beta and J beta gene expression in HIV+ patients and to find out whether there is any relation between the disease progression and the expression of select TcR genes. Peripheral blood was obtained from 2 HIV+ patients at clinical stage CDCII; 5 at stage III and 5
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1539)
Deusch K, Dahne I, Endres N, Reich K, Poppinger J, Jager H, Classen M 2d; Dept. of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Germany.
The hallmark of HIV disease is a progressive depletion of CD4+ T cells. Apart from cytolytic effects imposed by viral infection of CD4 cells other mechanisms such as autoimmune mediated cytotoxicity targeted to gp120 bound to the CD4 molecule or antiidiotypic cell interactions have been discussed. A striking feature du
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1538)
Laurence J, Hodtsev AS, Posnett DN; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York 10021.
Superantigens (SA), molecules recognized by T cells expressing specific Ag receptor (TCR) V beta gene products, bridge MHC and TCR, variously leading to cell stimulation, deletion or anergy. Mammalian retroviruses, as other pathogens, may encode SAs as a means to block generation of cellular immune reactivi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1537)
Wilson SE, Gompels LC, Coates A, Habeshaw J, Dalgleish A; St. George's Hospital, London, England.
To investigate if HIV infected individuals with normal CD4 counts show selective use of specific V beta TCR gene products. PBMC were isolated from both HIV seropositive donors (CDC II) with normal CD4 counts (greater than 600) and healthy volunteers (controls). The percentage of CD3+ T cells bearing
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1536)
Pantaleo G, Rebai N, Graziosi C, Lane HC, Sekaly RP, Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
To investigate whether perturbations of the V beta repertoire occur in individuals infected with HIV and to determine whether these perturbations are consistent with the effects of a superantigen. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to determine the frequency of expression
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1535)
Stevenson M, Bukrinsky MI, Sharova N, Gulizia J, Haggerty S; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
The cytopathogenic properties of HIV-1 in permissive CD4 lymphocytes in vitro are difficult to reconcile with the chronic nature of AIDS progression and the gradual decline in CD4 lymphocyte number. Thus, my laboratory has investigated features of the virus and the host which influence HIV-1 latency and reactivation du
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1534)
Vartanian JP, Meyerhans A, Sala M, Buc H, Henry M, Wain-Hobson S; Laboratoire de Retrovirologie Moleculaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris.
To characterize in vitro the mechanism of G-greater than A hypermutation by dislocation mutagenesis and to compare the ability of the HIV-1, Moloney MLV and AMV reverse transcriptases (RTase) to tolerate dislocations. A 60-mer DNA oligonucleotide was constructed so that both +1 and +2 frameshifts c
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1533)
Grinde B, Jonsrud K, Tjotta E, Hungnes O; National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
To understand the function of the central polypurine tract. The reverse transcription of HIV-1 RNA generates a linear, double-stranded DNA with a single-stranded gap. The gap is believed to be the result of plus-strand priming from a second, centrally located polypurine tract (PPT). This PPT i
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1532)
Charneau P, Clavel F; Unite d'oncologie virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris.
Most retroviruses have a unique, well defined origin site for their DNA plus-strand, determined by a polypurine tract (PPT). By contrast, HIV and some related viruses use an additional origin site, located at the center of the viral genome, and defined by a second copy of the PPT, which result in a disconti
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1531)
Arnold E, Jacobo-Molina A, Nanni RG, Williams RL, Clark AD Jr, Ding J, Lu X, Ferris AL, Clark PK, Hughes SH; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine (CABM), Piscataway, NJ.
Knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) in a catalytically relevant complex should potentially enable improved design of RT inhibitors. Molecular mechanisms of catalysis and drug resistance should also be illuminated through studies of the structure. We are ap
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1507)
Norbeck D, Kempf D, Marsh K, Paul D, Knigge M, Vasavanonda S, Clement J, Kohlbrenner W, Sham H, Wideburg N, et al; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL.
The production of infectious HIV requires specific processing of the gag and gag-pol polyproteins by a virally encoded aspartic protease. Inhibitors of the HIV protease therefore have attracted intense interest as potential drugs for the treatment of AIDS, but clinical evaluation of these agents has been ha
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1506)
Patterson CE, Cheng YS, Buckery R, Otto MJ, Winslow DL; DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Wilmington, DE 19880-0328.
We have isolated HIV-1 (Rf) variants that have a reduced susceptibility to several C-2 symmetrical inhibitors of the HIV protease. Molecular cloning of the viral protease gene and characterization of its sequence is our first attempt toward an understanding of the resistant properties of these viral variant
Recent reports have shown that the inhibition of HIV protease results in the inhibition of infectious virus production in vitro. HIV protease, therefore, appears to be an attractive target for anti-HIV therapy. Since development of resistance is a serious concern with any new antiviral, we attempted to isol
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1504)
Perno CF, Bergamini A, Capozzi M, Milanese M, Thaisrivongs S, Zon G, Rocchi G, Calio R; Univ. Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
Assess the efficacy of inhibitors of late stages of HIV replication in chronically-infected macrophages (HIV-M/M) (the major reservoir of the virus). Mature macrophages (M/M) were infected in vitro with HIV, and exposed at various time points to the protease inhibitor U-75875 ( Upjohn
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1503)
Vaillancourt M, Vanasse B, Cohen E, Sauve G; Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Quebec, Canada.
The catastrophic dimensions of the HIV-AIDS pandemic has spurred a worldwide quest for new therapeutic agents. One such therapeutic approach is the use of inhibitors of HIV-protease. Previous studies has shown that if the protease is catalytically defective and/or inhibited, viral maturation is blocked, and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:230 (abstract no. PuD 9190)
Zamperetti M, Bergamini F, Del Corno G, Suprani A, Abbate E, Compassi E, Gris MT, Pilato T; Hospital Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milan.
A previous inquiry on the HIV-related knowledge among military recruits of the Italian III. Corpo d Armata showed that most of recruits knew that HIV can be transmitted by infected blood, by sharing needles or from having sexual intercourse with infected persons or with multiple casual partners and that they had consci
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:230 (abstract no. PuD 9189)
da Silveira XD, Silva N;
By providing the biological theory on drug addiction with new contributions from ethnopsychiatry and anthropology as well as modern psychology the authors seek for a wider knowledge of the drug addictive phenomenon what may lead to a more efficient and successful efficacy in preventing interventions concerning HIV infe
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:230 (abstract no. PuD 9188)
Moorthaemer J, Schade G, Woudstra L; AIDS Preventie Projekt, Federatie Nederlandse Junkie Bonden, Holland.
HYPOTHESES: In most European countries the majority of AIDS patients are male homosexuals, while the second largest segment of the HIV-infected population consists of injecting drug users. Homosexuality is legal in most countries and is no longer considered a disease. Homosexuals are presumed to be just as capable to b
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:230 (abstract no. PuD 9187)
Whiteside A; Economic Research Unit, University of Natal, Durban, S. Africa.
The ability to model the growth in numbers likely to be infected with the HIV virus has developed rapidly over the past few years. Greater certainty as to numbers means the ability to plan for the disease is also growing. It is vital that this planning be done as the disease will affect virtually all sector
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:230 (abstract no. PuD 9186)
Wessel L, Donovan M, Lovato C, Patrick K; California College Health, San Diego.
HIV infection is increasingly prevalent among the 1.7 million individuals attending colleges and universities in California, but there is no coordinated response due in part to: lack of cooperation between state and local public health services and institutions of higher education, high degree of auto
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:229 (abstract no. PuD 9185)
Warren PO, Feldman R, Gatter P, Bebbington AC; PSSRU, University of Kent, U.K.
Integrating community care services for people with HIV infection in an area such as south east London presents considerable difficulties of access and fragmentation. What role can the voluntary sector play in helping to overcome some of the difficulties? A voluntary sector HIV centre (Th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:229 (abstract no. PuD 9184)
Ward AB; Stop AIDS Campaign, Maryland.
Using humor, the Stop AIDS Campaign has developed projects to reach general and special populations with education, prevention, and early intervention messages. The goal is to provoke discussions about HIV with family, friends and community. Two projects developed with a humor based approach are: 1
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:229 (abstract no. PuD 9183)
Troutman HT, Walton RA, Rukeyser J, Steiner S; AIDS Education & Resource Center, Stony Brook, New York.
To determine the effect of educational intervention on health care providers HIV-related concerns. Using an anonymous checklist of HIV-related concerns, data were collected from 391 health care providers who attended HIV education programs. Data collected from providers with little or no previous HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:229 (abstract no. PuD 9182)
van der Meulen PA, Bijlsma T, Sprenger HG; University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands.
In 1986 a tutorial has been established by managers of the home health care agency (the Green Cross) and the University Hospital of Groningen (A.Z.G.). The special task was, to create and implement AIDS home care and to prevent unnecessary hospitalization. The aim for both organizations is: to stimulate out-
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:229 (abstract no. PuD 9181)
Tisdale A, Shirley T; ALTERNATIVE, Inc., Lake Ridge, Va.
Introducing methods of changing Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors among minority institutionalized population and High Risk Individuals is difficult given the high risk behavior, social and economical background. Our AIDS Organization collaborated with Correctional institutions and o
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:229 (abstract no. PuD 9180)
Teerarojjanapong N; Fraternity for AIDS Cessation in Thailand.
HIV infection, AIDS, and ARC have reached frightening levels in Thailand , thus prevention programs are essential to arrest further increases. Behavior modification in a culture where acceptance of events is traditional presents a special challenge for those attempting to promote safe sex practices. DESC
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:228 (abstract no. PuD 9179)
Taylor S, Ragsdale D, Kotarba J, Morrow J; Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, TX.
The organization of nursing care in a dedicated AIDS unit is unique. Nurses can improve patient care through a better understanding of how patients define and attempt to manage the delivery of this care. This qualitative study was designed to investigate patients perceptions of their relationships with nurs
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:228 (abstract no. PuD 9178)
Tan E, Tan M, de la Cruz R; Health Action Information Network, Quezon City, Philippines.
I. The use of conventional questionnaires to evaluate behavioral change for HIV risk reduction may be difficult with groups such as male sex workers, where there is low functional literacy and poor motivation. II. Thirty male sex workers in Metro Manila participated in a series of
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:228 (abstract no. PuD 9177)
Stoddard A, Zapka J, McCuskar J; School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of several social factors: support, network, influence and norms; with intravenous (IV) drug use behaviors. Participants in a 21-day detoxification program were recruited to an AIDS education evaluation study. Self-report of drug use and AID
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:228 (abstract no. PuD 9176)
St. Cyr-Delpe M; New York City Commission on Human Rights, Suki Terada Ports.
Race and perceived status of HIV positive women and women with AIDS constitute a serious obstacle to HIV-AIDS prevention among women in communities of color. Review/Analysis of issues confronted by women of Asian & Pacific Islander ancestry, by Haitian-Americans, African-Americans, and Native
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:228 (abstract no. PuD 9175)
Sonnenberg-Schwan U, Hengelein H, Reuter U, Diedrich K, Jaeger H; KIS-Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munich, FRG.
Young heterosexual couples where the male partner is seropositive and the female partner seronegative often express a strong wish for parenthood. Until quite recently it was difficult to realize this wish because of the risk of infection for mother and child. The situation has changed: when using a techniqu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:228 (abstract no. PuD 9174)
Smith C, Malek F, Bahl P, Pipe C, Supiah V; Newham Health Authority, London, England.
Information about HIV/AIDS was very scarce to people who didn t speak English as a first language. Moreover the information that was available had been transliterated rather than written in other languages, making it very difficult (sometimes impossible) to understand. London East AIDS Ne
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:227 (abstract no. PuD 9173)
Singh JJ;
An emotional statement on Living and Coping with HIV. After living with HIV diagnosis for more than six years, I have gone through a lot of discrimination among friends, doctors and the public. This presentation will enable me to share with the others on the various ways that can be utilised to cope
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:227 (abstract no. PuD 9172)
Signorelli C, Fara GM; Institute of Hygiene, University of Rome, Italy.
A ministerial-sponsored project (1988-92), concerning the evaluation of the campaigns performed so far on information and health education on HIV infection, is in progress. The aim of the project was: a) to evaluate the knowledge of HIV infection among the Italian juvenile population; b) to identify the
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:227 (abstract no. PuD 9171)
Seymour J, Seymour A; U. of Colorado.
The incidence of HIV infection is increasing rapidly in adolescent populations throughout the world. Public health authorities are struggling to develop new educational strategies to impact this rapidly escalating problem. A comprehensive survey instrument was developed. On-site s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:227 (abstract no. PuD 9170)
Sergeant J; People Living With AIDS Inc (NSW), Sydney, Australia.
People living with HIV/AIDS experience degrees of isolation and stigmatisation. The self-empowerment movement seeks to overcome this predicament by providing PLWH/A with a medium through which information can be exchanged, issues raised and debated and predominant images of PLWH/A contrasted. Of critical
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:227 (abstract no. PuD 9169)
Schwartz A, Hughes K; Integrity, Inc., Newark, New Jersey.
ISSUES/Drug rehabilitation programs, especially Therapeutic Communities, have dealt with HIV/AIDS for several years. With this in mind, a continuum of care was developed and implemented at Integrity in Newark and Secaucus, New Jersey. This program has been replicated in sites in New Jersey. DESCRIPTION OF PROJ
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:227 (abstract no. PuD 9168)
Schimmelpennink A; Women Crisis Centre-SDA (Foundation Drugaid Amsterdam), Netherlands.
It is difficult to reach and contact drug abusing women (mostly prostitutes) in order to offer them medical assistance. A low threshold crisis centre where the working method is based on the feministic approach (as in general developed) links up with the survival strategies of these women. Such a centre often ma
Workplace HIV training programmes are often initiated in reaction to problems or policy changes, and staff at all levels are often resistant to doing HIV training. How can staff be helped to recognise their need for, and feel motivated to participate in, HIV Training? A 3-hour Tra
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:226 (abstract no. PuD 9166)
Santos CE, Ramos MC; Community Health of ConceiP6o Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
1) To study awareness and knowledge about AIDS among students and workers 2) to determine the effectiveness of selected foreign and national educational posters (EP) on AIDS among the same group. The survey carried out was a cross-sectional study applied to 100 workers and 86 students (aged 13-17 y
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:226 (abstract no. PuD 9165)
Sanches KR, Ferreira MM, Matida AH, Almeida ER, Lauria LM; Department of Epidemiology of Rio de Janeiro, State Government.
To determine knowledge, attitudes and practices on AIDS among public health workers (PHW) from the Health Secretary of Rio de Janeiro State, in order to improve educational programs. An anonymous self completed questionnaire was distributed to 93 PHW who participated on AIDS epidemiology seminars i
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:226 (abstract no. PuD 9164)
Sacayon E, Rivera M; Asociacion Guatemalteca de Educacion Sexual.
Communication and Health promotion to homosexuals, drug addicts is controversial and difficult, given the cultural restrictions and the places of gathering of these individuals. Our AIDS Prevention Program brought information to gay bars, public places, at night, promoting HIV testing w
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:226 (abstract no. PuD 9163)
Rybicki R, Venning L; Bonaventure House, Chicago, IL 60657.
Bonaventure House is a 30-bed residence that has housed 135 PWAs since 1989. To provide a living situation which facilitates quality of life and access to medical case management. Data compiled on symptomatic complaints of residents. Medical treatment sought with onset of sympt
In 1988, AIDSCOM trained staff of FUE and EIL to implement a peer education program in worksites and community organizations using a train-the-trainers model. It was expected that peer educators would disseminate accurate information about AIDS prevention, facilitate sexual behavior change among peers, and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:225 (abstract no. PuD 9161)
Pantano M, de Bertolini C, Baldo M, Lazzaretto M, Pellegrino L, Salmaso L, Rupolo GP; Institute of Psychiatry, University of Padova, Italy.
AIM OF THE STUDY--Following the constant AIDS diffusion between heterosexual subjects, we studied psychological and socio-environmental characteristics in a sample of 20 partners (both seropositive and seronegative) of subjects with HIV infection. We also tried to find out which characteristic, together with incorrect
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:225 (abstract no. PuD 9160)
Rinken S; European University Institute, Florence, Italy.
Solidarity is now widely acknowledged to be the guiding principle of any acceptable effort to face the challenges of HIV-pandemic. Its central role calls for careful analysis of this principle when proclaimed by different sources. Are there different principles of solidarity towards people with HIV? Co
To evaluate the first year of State Hotline Service. The Hotline Service was implanted in December 1st, 1988 as a 3 digit telephone number to answer calls about STD/AIDS. University students specially trained inform callers, in a 9 to 5 basis. Demographic data and motive for calling was registered
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:225 (abstract no. PuD 9158)
Rhodes T; Department of Politics and Sociology, Birkbeck College, University of London.
The increasing commitment to community based HIV prevention and the urgency to provide immediate service responses, has meant that many interventions were established on the basis of limited research and with little concern for assessment of efficacy. The quality of evaluation research in HIV health promotion, and the
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:225 (abstract no. PuD 9157)
Reyna L;
A critical issue in the Hispanic/Latino community concerns the topic of sexuality. The terms used while discussing Aids are words that are usually culturally taboo. La Comadre is an HIV Reduction Educational Program presented at homes on a one-on-one basis to women of child bearin
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:225 (abstract no. PuD 9156)
Reale D, Cavallari C, Czeresnia I, Ferreira A, Torres L; State of Ministery of Health, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Establish educational strategies to increase the adoption of safe sexual practices in a group of drug users--D.U.--from Sao Paulo city, from the identification of theirs beliefs, concepts and behavior patterns. Two outreachworkers--ORWs--previously selected and trained identified 70 D.U. of alcohol
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:224 (abstract no. PuD 9155)
Rao Kambhommetty V, Arnold JP; TNVHA Aids Prevention/Control Programme, Tamilnadu, India.
Coordination of action among voluntary organizations for propagation of knowledge regarding AIDS and its prevention (a) Grouping of Voluntary Organization (b) Development of Education Materials on AIDS (c) Organization of Training Programme (d) Networking with like minded individuals/organization cr
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:224 (abstract no. PuD 9154)
Rae N, Scechter K, Kumaresan G, Nataraj S, Solomon W;
The AIDS problem in India has not yet reached pandemic proportions. That s the good news. The bad news is that ten years from now we will need resources--both economic and social--to pick up the pieces. Providing some of these social resources by training volunteers at different l
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:224 (abstract no. PuD 9153)
Ramos MC, Costa EC, Correa CC, Neves CF, Rigotti GB, Tarasconi S, Ferreira J; STD/AIDS Service, State Health Secretariat.
Access HIV/AIDS knowledge level among STD patients searching for care in a public cost free STD clinic. A cross-sectional study, with consecutive sampling. 164 patients were submitted to an interview in confidential basis with no data attached to clinical records. The interview was held when the pa
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:224 (abstract no. PuD 9152)
Radovanovic Z; Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait.
Critical appraisal of AIDS prevention/control programmes and practices in areas Yugoslavia consisted of. Analysis of national programmes and official reports on their implementation at different levels of federal organization. AIDS epidemic had different pattern in various parts of Yugoslav
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:224 (abstract no. PuD 9151)
Rabanague MJ, Portero MJ, Tomas C, Gomez LI; Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud.
Analyze socioeconomic level of HIV(+) patients and its relation to risk practices. HIV(+) inpatients in the Infectious Unit of two hospitals in Zaragoza from 4/1/91 till 9/30/91 have been studied according to study level, work situation and risk practice. ANOVA, X2, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney ha
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:224 (abstract no. PuD 9150)
Pradier C, Keita O, Dellamonica P; Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital, Nice, France.
The high prevalence of HIV infection in southeast France (Alpes-Maritimes, AM) lead health authorities to develop out-patient ways in caring for HIV infected patients. 1- Increase the number of General Practitioners (GP) able to take care of HIV infected patients in th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:223 (abstract no. PuD 9149)
Povey P, Lewis K, Levis C; Bolton District Health Authority, England.
(i) To describe the process of planning and implementation of regional guidance on HIV and AIDS. (ii) To assess the impact of the Regional guidance on HIV and AIDS service delivery. In 1990, the multi-agency, multi-disciplinary Regional Advisory Committee on HIV and AIDS presented
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:223 (abstract no. PuD 9148)
Pinto TC;
To promote through educational, information and counselling attitudes for the acceptability of HIV positive children and teachers in the public School system in the city of Sao Paulo. From October 1990 until January 92 a trained multiprofessional team goes for 5 days in a specific school after previ
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:223 (abstract no. PuD 9147)
Phillips F;
There is a need for culturally relevant AIDS prevention information and dissemination methodologies for African-American and African communities. Our AIDS service Organization collaborated with the Association of Black Psychologists to develop an Afrocentric based intervention str
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:223 (abstract no. PuD 9146)
Silva MC, Sayao Y; Grupo de Trabalho e Pescuisa em Orientacao Sexual, GTPOS, SP.
Implementation of a systematic sexual guidance with adolescents at the Sao Paulo City Public Schools aiming the following: to prevent AIDS and other sexually transmissible diseases, to decrease the amount of adolescents considered pregnancies and to provide the youngster with a responsible and pleasant expe
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:223 (abstract no. PuD 9145)
Gronfors M, Partanen H; University of Kuopio, Finland.
To investigate the possible effects of sexual attitudes and gender identity on sexual behaviour and risk-taking. A questionnaire to special groups: male homosexuals, men and women in development work outside Finland (mainly in Africa), construction workers working outside Finland and female sex wor
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:223 (abstract no. PuD 9144)
Panarites C, Tanis S; AIDS Project Los Angeles.
The inability to continue working causes a dramatic decline in the disposable income of persons with symptomatic HIV disease. The project analyzed the financial condition and personal health expenditures of persons in Los Angeles County with AIDS, AIDS related complex (ARC), and s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:222 (abstract no. PuD 9143)
Paiva V, Alonso LB, Pluciennick T, Perez C, Garcia S; Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
In 1989, controversial decisions forbade research and psycho social support to people with AIDS inside Psychology Institute/USP building. A group of Social Psychology Department professors and other of AIDS--Reference and Training Center health professionals decided to organize inside USP campus in Sao Paulo c
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:222 (abstract no. PuD 9142)
Ornelas G, Alcantara V;
In America Mexico ranks third in AIDS cases. Over 9,000 cases have been reported in the last six years. Health officials fear there may be an under-registration of up to 100%, an estimated 25 infected per case. By the year 2000 this number might triple. By then, one of every men, women and children in the country might
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:222 (abstract no. PuD 9141)
Mboya TO; National AIDS Programme, Kenya.
In the period November 1990 to November 1991, the National AIDS Programme of Kenya conducted a campaign with the objective to identify and find solutions to traditional beliefs and practices that encourage HIV transmission through participation of 1,850 opinion leaders, 20% of them women. Through tw
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:222 (abstract no. PuD 9140)
O'Neil C, Jones M, Israel R, Fitzpatrick L; Caribbean Epidemiology Centre (CAREC) Port of Spain, Trinidad.
To promote the concept of Sharing the Challenge , the Caribbean Epidemiology Centre needed to find an effective way to reach a broad cross-section of the six million people it serves in nineteen (19) countries of the Caribbean. CAREC commissioned a music video 4 minutes:20 seconds duratio
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:222 (abstract no. PuD 9139)
Bill N;
ISSUE Introducing the use of condoms to villagers of Tawi Arusha Tanzania to people above 18 years of age who practice sexual activity. Working hand in hand with village authorities and by the assistance of District AIDS Coordinators; in educating people the merits and demerits of condo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:222 (abstract no. PuD 9138)
Bortolotti F, Noventa F, Stivanello A, Barbierato E, Francavilla G; Clinica Medica 2, Padua, Italy.
To evaluate knowledge, beliefs and attitudes regarding critical issues on the AIDS epidemic of undergraduate medical students attending the Medical School of Padua, an area with a high prevalence of seropositive drug abusers. 114 medical students (51% female, mean age 25 years) in their 5th or 6th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:221 (abstract no. PuD 9137)
Norris A, Ford K; College of Nursing, Ohio State University, Columbus.
The Construct Accessibility Model (CAM) argues that constructs are most likely to influence behavior when highly accessible (or activated) in memory. This study examined whether condom intention accessibility was a significant predictor of condom use. A probability sample of African American (n = 7
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:221 (abstract no. PuD 9136)
Nogueira Junior A, Macedo LC, Takaoka L; Comunidade Sao Francisco de Assis, Votuporanga, Brasil.
To make the population of the city become aware of the serious and urgent situation concerning persons infected with HIV and victims of AIDS. Activities created during the 90/91 biennium for the purpose of informing the population of the urgency of a free clinic or halfway house t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:221 (abstract no. PuD 9135)
Nishino Y; Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
This research aimed to investigate how Japanese graduate students in New York and Philadelphia perceive the risk level of contracting AIDS in the United States , which is related to the level of their knowledge of AIDS, their interaction with non-Japanese populations, and their patterns of obtaining informa
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:221 (abstract no. PuD 9134)
Newitt K, Karp M; Eastern Health and Social Services Board, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Developing a model of acceptable practice for training young peer educators which could be adopted by youth agencies in Northern Ireland . The pilot project directly targeted young people within youth work agencies. The positive use of peer influence was central to the strategy, t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:221 (abstract no. PuD 9133)
Nessel JT; Addiction Research and Treatment Corporation (Health/HIV Coordinator) Harlem, N.Y.
To analyze the value of Health Groups as a tool for HIV Education, HIV Support and HIV Program Evaluation. In a variety of settings for high risk individuals, analyze the difficulty of HIV Education and HIV Support, according to the type of institution, the attribution model used and the level of HI
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:221 (abstract no. PuD 9132)
Neaigus A, Friedman SR, Curtis R, Jose B, Furst RT, Des Jarlais DC; Narcotic and Drug Research Inc., New York, NY.
Injecting at shooting galleries (typically thought of as indoor locations) has previously been identified as increasing HIV transmission among injecting drug users (IDUs). We examine the emergence in New York City of injecting at outside multi-user settings, which also may increase HIV transmission among ID
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:220 (abstract no. PuD 9131)
Kiiti N, Long WM, Gatua E; MAP International, Nairobi.
The adaption of prototype AIDS education materials to target a particular audience and culture is an alternative to the time consuming and expensive process of developing them from the grassroots. MAP International, in cooperation with Christian Health Association of Kenya (CHA
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:220 (abstract no. PuD 9130)
Ndhiovu A, Chibizhe S;
To inform and give facts about AIDS before they become sexually active. Visiting schools throughout Zimbabwe where we are invited. Educating, showing slides about AIDS infections and giving my testimony. Then discussion/question time. IMPACT: Many youngsters wrote to us giving thanks
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:220 (abstract no. PuD 9129)
Ndeki SS, Klepp KI, Mliga GR; Centre for Educational Development in Health, Arusha, Tanzania.
Assessing knowledge of AIDS, perceived risk of AIDS, attitudes towards sex and self-reported sexual behavior among primary school children in a high-prevalence and in a low-prevalence HIV/AIDS area. All children in standard 5-7 in selected schools in Poli division, Arusha region and in Bukoba urban
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:220 (abstract no. PuD 9128)
Namunyolo M, Lubowa D; Dept. of Psychology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
The aim of the study was to determine factors associated with male to female Sexual harassment at work places and its implications to the AIDS spread in Uganda . The main research instrument was the Questionnaire where 106 Police women from 5 police stations and 42 female University Secretariat Sta
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:220 (abstract no. PuD 9127)
Mvere D; National Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Blood donor counselling has recently attracted the attention of AIDS prevention workers and AIDS Counsellors in Zimbabwe and other developing countries. Issues of concern include pre and post donation counselling strategies in the context of AIDS Control in the community. PRESENTATION: A flow diagram (de
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:220 (abstract no. PuD 9126)
Mussauer de Lima R; Pela VIDDA Group, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Tribune Livre (Open Forum) is a public meeting for people affected by AIDS (independent of HIV serology) whose objective is to debate AIDS-related themes. The meeting is held weekly on Friday evening coordinated by Ronaldo Mussauer, a volunteer of Pela VIDDA Group. The themes are suggested and voted
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:219 (abstract no. PuD 9125)
Murray A; Community Based HIV/AIDS Project, Washington, D.C. 20019.
To close the gap of knowledge, attitudes and services about HIV and other STD s for public housing residents who are IV drug users and females of childbearing age groups. We conducted a KABP to establish the baseline behavior, knowledge and attitudes. The results reflected that 75
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:219 (abstract no. PuD 9124)
Mouton Y, Ajana F, Lecocq P, Chidiac C, Senneville E, Bourez JM; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier, Tourcoing.
The main objective of the study was to estimate the level of knowledge, the intentions and the behavior of the public towards people with HIV (PWH) in 1991. A questionnaire was proposed to the 14,627 people (P) of a stand at a commercial exhibition in Lille. 3,297 answers were obtained. The
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:219 (abstract no. PuD 9123)
Morse AR; Jewish Guild for the Blind, New York City.
There will be an increasing demand for Long Term Care (LTC) as part of the continuum of services needed by persons with HIV. Traditionally LTC has served a geriatric population who have chronic needs, rather than a population with episodic need for acute care. When HIV is compounded by other conditions,
Responding to the HIV/AIDS crisis, similarities and differences among people of colour communities. PROJECT To expose and describe how dominant cultures impact different communities of colour within HIV/AIDS work, and share trends of responding which are effective. HIV/AIDS issue
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:219 (abstract no. PuD 9121)
Morelli D, Dezza G; International Centre on Ethical, Forensic-Medical and Legal Issues Related to AIDS, Milano, Italy.
The study aimed at finding ethical grounds for a preventive campaign on AIDS which, failing wholly effective means of prevention and resolutive drugs, refers to the use of condoms, for what relates to sexual behaviour. Comparative analysis of the Italian and Swiss information campaigns, with par
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:219 (abstract no. PuD 9120)
Moragne T; Nova University School of Psychology, Fort Lauderdale, FL.
Many African Americans (A-A) are church involved, but few of the institutions are involved in provision of services to people with AIDS. Assumptions abound regarding the attitudes of protestant fundamentalist A-A churches. Direct assessment is necessary for the development of culturally appropriate HIV e
Given the sensitive nature of school based AIDS prevention, effective, comprehensive and sensitive development of measures is particularly difficult. Funded by CDC, we are engaged in the development of school based AIDS prevention curricula. No available instruments seem to fully
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:218 (abstract no. PuD 9118)
Mirim LY, Lapchik MS; Guidance and Counseling Centre for Sexually Transmissible Diseases & AIDS, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
ISSUE/PROBLEM--Verification of level of knowledge about HIV transmission ways and preventive action of passers-by of Sao Paulo downtown, the largest, the most important city of Brazil , and the one with the most notified AIDS cases (1891 up to December 1991) DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT--Anonymous questionnaires were submitt
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:218 (abstract no. PuD 9117)
Dada M, Barker R, Reid D; Health Education Authority, London, England.
This paper explores issues of HIV/AIDS education amongst Black and minority ethnic groups. The needs of Black and minority ethnic people, in Britain, are discussed and issues of heterogeneity of need are explored. Notions of cultural sensitivity have often impeded progress in the field of health educa
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:218 (abstract no. PuD 9116)
McLean K, Smith S, Hudson C; Department of GU Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.
To explore the issues surrounding the interactions between HIV-infected individuals and their primary care physicians and factors which may influence a patient s decision to inform their GP about their HIV status. Consecutive HIV-infected individuals attending a GU Medicine Department were requeste
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:218 (abstract no. PuD 9115)
McKinney CE; New Jersey AIDS Education and Training Center, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark.
ISSUES/A high case load, shortage of staff, lack of funding, and staff/administrative lethargy are barriers to continuing HIV/AIDS education and training of health care workers (HCWs) in alcohol and drug treatment facilities, addition rehabilitation centers, and ambulatory care settings where people at high ri
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:218 (abstract no. PuD 9114)
McEwan R, Thomas M; Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, Newcastle University, England.
To evaluate the process of empowerment workshops, and assess their acceptability and potential impact according to young people and youth worker facilitators. Nine specially trained youth workers organised 74 workshops with 829 young people. The authors participated in, and observed, three workshop
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:217 (abstract no. PuD 9113)
McCamish M; Chemistry Department, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
To adopt and maintain safer sex, young people must not only recognise their risk status but also address their group s attitudes and norms about HIV/AIDS, sexual practices and related issues. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT. We are designing and evaluating a four week workshop series aimed at promoting safer sex
AIDS case-management is frequently described as an important component of care, yet the scope of services is often not clearly defined and the sitting + of such services in community agencies apart from the source of primary care raise issues of convenience and effectiveness for patients and efficiency f
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:217 (abstract no. PuD 9111)
Maheux B, Haley N, Rivard M, Gervais A, Beaudoin C, Roy E; School of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Canada.
We assessed the frequency and thoroughness of sexual history taking in a population of recently graduated general practitioners. The relative importance of various problems associated with sexual history taking in their medical practice was also evaluated. All general practitioners who have graduat
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:217 (abstract no. PuD 9110)
Lund SM;
Traditionally, women have felt excluded from the process of decision-making regarding their health, a low priority due to lack of time and information/education. We decide to educate HIV-impacted women about holistic approaches of HIV disease in order to give them power over their
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:217 (abstract no. PuD 9109)
Luna Cadena A; Asociacion Panamericana de Personas que viven con VIH/SIDA (PanAmerican Association of People Living with HIV/AIDS), Mexico City, Mexico.
The fight against labor discrimination and the effort to stop lay-offs due to HIV within the government operated Petroleos Mexicanos (Mexican Petroleum--PEMEX). The testimony of a person living with HIV. PROJECT With the help of the AIDS Social Intervention and Human Rights Group, A.C. (GIS-
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:217 (abstract no. PuD 9108)
Lottes E, Cannon S; AIDS Awareness Committee-Student Osteopathic Assc. OU-COM, Athens, OH.
Conducting interactive AIDS seminars for adolescent and young adult populations using medical students as facilitators in school and college settings. AIDS Awareness Educational seminars were developed by medical students and distributed to medical schools via the Student Osteopat
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:216 (abstract no. PuD 9107)
Long I, Birmingham J, Jones S, Machon S, Malis G, Perez M, Welz C; AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP/New York).
Between 1989 and 1990, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported the largest increase in tuberculosis (TB) cases in a decade, to 10.3 per 100,000. In New York City, TB has reached epidemic proportions (48.1 per 100,000). In Fall 1991, ACT UP, an activist organization, formed a TB Working Group
AIDS Prevention Programs that include condom distribution face challenges in estimating quantities of condoms needed, and in establishing distribution systems/channels to reach those at risk. Condoms are perishable; somewhat precise requirements estimation is needed to avoid distribution of aged (and the
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:216 (abstract no. PuD 9105)
Lerro M, Davis S, Hylton J; Oregon Health Sciences University.
Train a specialized national audience of mental retardation professionals on HIV prevention. Two 90-minute national audio teleconferences were offered to mental retardation professionals in the U.S.A. in 1991. All costs were paid by The Arc with funding from the Centers for Disease Control. Self-sel
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:216 (abstract no. PuD 9104)
Legg J, Brossier KA, Goldschmidt RH; Department Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Health care providers often lack timely access to expert HIV/AIDS consultation. Especially in the primary care setting, this can lead to suboptimal care, unnecessary referrals, fragmentation of services, and reluctance to assume responsibility for patients with unfamiliar illnesses and problems. DESCRIPT
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:216 (abstract no. PuD 9103)
Leapley PT; California State University, Bakersfield.
The purpose of this study was to examine changes in HIV/AIDS knowledge, practice and attitude of community health nurses over the past four years and the effect of length of time since graduation from a nursing program, number of professional lectures/conferences on HIV attended during the previous year and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:216 (abstract no. PuD 9102)
Lazzaretto M, de Bertolini C, Baldo M, Andreetto U, Pellegrino L, Garofoli B, Rupolo GP; Institute of Psychiatry, University of Padova, Italy.
OBJECTIVE--Aim of this study was to determine how HIV infection is managed in 220 general practitioners surgeries of Padova and the ways of improving global managing of the patient affected by this infection. METHODS--In this study preliminary results obtained in a sample of 64 practitioners are reported. A semi-struct
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:215 (abstract no. PuD 9101)
Lagunes-Gaitan FJ, Osorio MA, Pena E, Camacho M, Cardenas A, Parra V, Voz Humana AC;
The setting-up and results of a community based AIDS helpline in Mexico , City. Success and obstacles to overcome in the empowerment of our tasks. Voz Humana, A.C. AIDS helpline was set-up in March 1991 by the efforts of a volunteer team and the support of Mexicanos Contra el SIDA Confederacion. Our service provides cl
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:215 (abstract no. PuD 9100)
Lacy J; Home Therapy Solutions/LifeCare Technologies, Tustin, CA.
Design of a program for a private sector home infusion company which addresses the needs of the patient, health care provider and payor must take in to consideration available resources in the community with particular sensitivity to the geographic location in which services are to be provided. PROJEC
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:215 (abstract no. PuD 9099)
La Farge M; Manhattan Plaza AIDS Project, New York City.
To provide a better quality of life at home for persons with HIV/AIDS through the implementation of volunteers. Our community-based AIDS project provides community human resources, affordable housing, social outlets, meals and financial aid. As of December, 1991 we have 6
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:215 (abstract no. PuD 9098)
Klee H; Psychology Department, Manchester Polytechnic, United Kingdom.
Variations in the prevalence of sharing among drug users in the US and Europe cannot be accounted for in a simple way by local patterns of availability of needles and syringes. Social motives and behavioural norms are important components in acts of sharing and policies that focus on availability only address part of t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:215 (abstract no. PuD 9097)
Kimble DL, Fisher WA, Fisher JD, Misovich SJ; University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269.
Effecting HIV preventive behavior change among heterosexual college students can be challenging because, although their knowledge levels appear to be generally high, many students are not motivated to practice preventive behaviors and many lack the behavioral skills necessary to practice prevention (e.g.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:215 (abstract no. PuD 9096)
Khadre M; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli, Libya.
Can religion play a role in HIV infection? (a) Does religion forbid an individual to commit deeds that place him/her among high risk groups for HIV infection, ie homosexuality, promiscuity (multi-partner sex) and adultery?, (b) Do the sexual behaviors mentioned above contribute si
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:214 (abstract no. PuD 9095)
Kass E, Gibbons P, Hammond J; Urban Medical Group, Boston, MA.
Providing care to terminally ill adults with AIDS in the context of residential hospice challenges traditional concepts of what constitutes palliative care. The selection of appropriate criteria for residential hospice is further complicated by the lack of community/non-hospital options for obtaining ong
Individuals living in a HIV/AIDS Housing Program have a variety of powerful and pervasive stressors to cope with, that can affect the course of their illness. Gregory House, Hawaii s AIDS Housing Program, developed an on-sight psychological services intervention program. This prog
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:214 (abstract no. PuD 9093)
Kagwa P; AIDS Control Programme, Ministry of Health Entebbe-Uganda.
1. AIM: To assess the effectiveness of Community leaders training programme in AIDS Prevention and Control. 2. i) Population Sampling; Stratified random sampling was used to select 4 districts for the study. 30% of available population of 400 in 4 districts was studied with equal number of respondents for exper
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:214 (abstract no. PuD 9092)
Jordan WC; King/Drew Medical Center.
To determine if a course in self-esteem would affect behavior in sexually active homosexual men. Twenty homosexual male patients who acknowledge that they continued to be the recipient party in the highest risk sexual activity were randomly placed in 2 groups of 10. Group A met on a weekly basis for
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:214 (abstract no. PuD 9091)
Jones L; Baker Places Residential Treatment Services, San Francisco, CA.
Three out of four Teens and young adults still practice unsafe sex. Low self-esteem, feeling unworthy and years of emotional neglect are primary reasons. The individual is so hungry for love. The need to stop the pain so great, they will put themselves at risk and worry about AIDS later. DESCRIPTION OF T
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:214 (abstract no. PuD 9090)
Isaacman S, Smith J, Hammell J, Wojcik M, Closen M; John Marshall Law School, Chicago, IL.
Persons with HIV infection and persons perceived to be HIV infected sometimes face significant discrimination in receipt of health care services. Most often this discrimination takes place as either outright denial of services or as mistreatment in the delivery of services. Nongovernmental organizat
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:213 (abstract no. PuD 9089)
Hughes S; Department of Public Health, Grimsby Health, United Kingdom.
Responding to the expressed need for a free syringe and needle exchange scheme in as effective a way possible required collaboration between a number of local agencies with differing agendas, cultures and organisational constraints. Following the publication of a feasibility study
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:213 (abstract no. PuD 9088)
Hourco P, Ajana F, Danjou S, Truyen S, Senneville E, Mouton Y; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier, Tourcoing.
To assess the level of knowledge and attitudes of workers towards people with HIV (PWH)/AIDS. MATERIAL AND From 2 to 31/01/91, a self administered questionnaire was completed by the workers under the supervision of the investigators. 957 questionnaires were distributed and 703 (73%) answer
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:213 (abstract no. PuD 9087)
Murphy DL, Harrison B, Hosang D; Min Task Fce AIDS & Columbia Univ S.P.H.
In many areas, primary heterosexual transmission of the HIV/AIDS virus appears to have occurred disproportionately from male IVDUs to non-IVDU women than from female IVDUs to non-IVDU men which has been partially attributed to sources which have reported a greater propensity for IVDUs who are male than f
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:213 (abstract no. PuD 9086)
Hiramani AB; Central Health Education Bureau, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi, India.
To delineate AIDS related knowledge and attitudes of college students. A structured questionnaire was administered to 118 graduate students of physical education college in Aurangabad ( India ) in order to study their knowledge about AIDS symptom, mode of transmission, incubation period, etc. Th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:213 (abstract no. PuD 9085)
Hernandez B, Hernandez-Avila M, Gortmaker S, Uribe P, Mueller N, Sepulveda J; Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica-Mexico.
To examine the relationship between depression levels and seropositivity, attitudes towards the use of condoms and perceived ability to modify sexual behavior among gay and bisexual men in Mexico . A questionnaire was applied to 4,695 subjects to measure depression levels, attitudes and beliefs abo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:213 (abstract no. PuD 9084)
Ibarra H, Palarin C;
Peers have a way of talking among themselves that makes communication much more effective. AIDS prevention promoters many times harden their message, with use, with judgment postures, or with generation gaps. To get the message across we must transmit our meaning to specific target populations, creativity leading to in
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:212 (abstract no. PuD 9083)
Haworth EA, Bray T, Rogers A; West Berkshire Health Authority/Reading University, Prospect Park Hospital, Berks.
To investigate i) attitudes, knowledge and behaviour relating to HIV and ii) the relationships between them and the individual s perceived risk of infection in a group of young people attending a large rock music festival. In August 1991 a one day survey was carried out in a randomly selected sampl
In September 1989 after a year of discussion the AIDS commission of Geneva has submitted a report, unanimously accepted to the government, proposing to set up a mobile unit for AIDS prevention among drug injectors (approximately 2500 DI for a population of 360,000). In September 1991 the government of the
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:212 (abstract no. PuD 9081)
Hastings G, Hayton P, Haywood A; Advertising Research Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland.
Promoting safer sex messages and condom use to young sexually active people is particularly problematic in a low prevalence area for HIV such as East Cumbria, given that young people tend not to personalize the risks, and condom use is a complex behaviour to promote. The AIDS Team
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:212 (abstract no. PuD 9080)
Guerci M, Tosetto C, Di Palma F, Mamolo G, Bellani ML; Sez. Psicologia Clinica, University of Pavia, Italy.
Our trouble was to follow patients with AIDS and HIV related infections after dimission from hospitals and to provide them a complete home care. In 1990, September began in Varese ( Italy ) an activity with our operative group for home care in AIDS patients: The group was composed by ph
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:212 (abstract no. PuD 9079)
Polo RM, Mendez E, Mejias ML, Albors J, Laguna F, Soriano V, Gonzalez-Lahoz J; Centro de Investigacion Clinica, Instituto de Salud Carlos III., Madrid, Spain.
To evaluate the efficacy of a day-care hospitalization area for HIV-patients. METHODS. Four beds and six armchairs attended by a medical doctor, one nurse, and an auxiliary nurse provide medical treatment for AIDS patients in a specially designed room in a reference center for AIDS in Madrid. The unit is op
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:212 (abstract no. PuD 9078)
Gollub E, Stein Z; HIV Center for Clinical & Behavioral Studies, NYS Psych. Inst., NY.
1. The contribution addresses the need for woman-controlled preventive methods against contracting HIV/STDs by the sexual route. 2. Based on literature searches, options from the woman s perspective have been arranged hierarchically (condom, women s condom, diaphragm/cervical cap plus spermicide, spermicide alone, with
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:211 (abstract no. PuD 9077)
Gir E, Hayashida M, Duarte G, Costa JC, Moriya TM, Oliveira MH, Bueno SM; University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil.
To identify the preventive measures against AIDS and other STD which undergraduate health students predominantly know; to identify if there is a significant difference among the measures mentioned, considering the sex of subjects studied: to compare and study if the predominance of prophylactic knowledge is
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:211 (abstract no. PuD 9076)
Gilada IS, Bhimani GV, Thakur V, Farooqui MS; Indian Health Organisation, Bombay.
In a developing country ridden with illiteracy, poverty, population explosion, poor health care acceptance and limited health care acceptance & limited outreach among the marginalised groups--Indian Health Organisation was born 10 years back. Initially the organisation decided to concentrate it s medico-soc
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:211 (abstract no. PuD 9075)
Gianzi FP, Minnucci P, Bertinato L, Ceccarelli S, De Mei B, De Santi A, Greco D; Infectious Disease Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the National Training Program for the Struggle against HIV Infection (PFH) that was created by the National AIDS Commission in December 1989 in order to train socio-health personnel working with persons with AIDS (PWA) and HIV infected individuals. Participants are expected
Epidemiology studies on AIDS show that in the last few years there has been a serious increase in the percentage of HIV victims in the heterosexual population, especially among women. Many women have difficulty in accepting this danger and in carrying out their need for protection. The article addresses the reas
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:211 (abstract no. PuD 9073)
Gaulzetti A, Bell J, Rich K; 196th Station Hospital, Shape, Belgium.
To initiate effective HIV/AIDS education for multinational elementary school children enrolled in English speaking schools in Belgium . Two interactive HIV/AIDS programs were developed by a U.S. Army civilian HIV/Community Health Nurse. Cooperating with the school nurse in each of the private Intern
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:211 (abstract no. PuD 9072)
Gardner JP, Babbs G, Coid D, Carter H; Department of Community Health, Fife Health Board, Scotland.
Disseminating effective information about HIV and AIDS to the general public is difficult. This poster describes an innovative solution. Our department has produced two information posters designed to be placed on the doors of public toilets. These each contain several short items
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:210 (abstract no. PuD 9071)
Galvan Diaz F, Luna Millan F; GIS-SIDA, Mexico, D.F.
Violation of human and civil rights of people living with HIV/AIDS in Mexico . Our AIDS service Organization with the financial support of the WHO (GPA-A20/372/5) is developing a program of Counseling for the reduction of the personal and social impact of HIV/AIDS on human and civ
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:210 (abstract no. PuD 9070)
Franco B;
Integrate a HIV positive teacher to the school routine. (prof. ed. infantil) Unmarried mother, contaminated child died. This teacher informed the school head some other teacher that she was HIV positive. The community found out and school staff fears contacts and simultaneously feels guilty. The school stop
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:210 (abstract no. PuD 9069)
Fornataro K, Obermeyer T; AIDS Treatment Data Network, New York, NY.
HIV positive IVDUs with little or no scientific training, as well as those with lower English and Spanish literacy levels have difficulty understanding existing treatment and clinical research study educational materials. The AIDS Treatment Data Network, in collaboration with The
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:210 (abstract no. PuD 9068)
Forgey MA, Moncher MS; Columbia University, New York, NY.
To examine the ethnic, racial and gender differences among several urban, inner city after school programs operated by the Police Athletic League. 111 urban, inner-city youth were selected from two programs operated in the city of New York. The convenience sample was offered an incentive to partici
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:210 (abstract no. PuD 9067)
Ford PM, Ford SE; Queen's Univ. Dept of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
To identify ethical problems (EP) in the care of HIV+ prisoners (HIVP), to relate serious EP to infection risk groups and differing models of medical care and to seek solutions. We studied 21 sequentially referred HIVP from 6 prisons. 17 were men (4 homosexual (HO), 2 heterosexual (HS), 11 injectio
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:210 (abstract no. PuD 9066)
Flori YA, Buchet P, Delfraisy JF, Triomphe A; Laboratoire d'Economie Sociale, Paris, France.
To identify the different paths of care of HIV patients in France and the links between the various forms of contacts, mostly between hospitals and out of hospital care and to measure the determinants of such paths. A sample of 427 patients HIV patients (seropositives, aids, homosexual, IVDU) was b
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:209 (abstract no. PuD 9065)
Bruce Fisher JD, Magee M, Castillo S, Broadbent T, Keenan D;
The development of an effective HIV prevention program for high risk youth requires the recruitment and training of individuals from the same target population. the recruitment, training, and implementation process for this must address the specific developmental, cultural and lifestyle issues affecting
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:209 (abstract no. PuD 9064)
Findlay L, McHutchion R; Provincial AIDS Program, Alberta Health, Edmonton, Canada.
To be effective at reducing risk-taking behavior, HIV/AIDS education programs must do more than increase knowledge. However, youth continue to act in ways that put them at risk, even when they have knowledge about AIDS. They have not internalized the risk that HIV/AIDS poses to their future well-being. D
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:209 (abstract no. PuD 9063)
Feit B, Saunders M, Christmas D; Dimock Community Health Center, Boston, MA.
Providing HIV Services is stressful. Community Based HIV Programs often hire staff from the communities they serve, which increases stress. Negative outcomes include staff turn-over, burn-out, and substance abuse relapse. Our program experienced rapid growth over a two year period
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:209 (abstract no. PuD 9062)
Farber CM, Farber J; Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
To evaluate attitudes of final year medical students towards HIV infected people. Fifty randomly selected answers to a written final examination in medical ethics were analyzed (June 1990). Students knew that they would not be graded according to their answers, but according to their reasoning. Situ
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:209 (abstract no. PuD 9061)
Falceta Junior W, Teich D, Pereira C, Machado G;
The study analyses how press in Brazil is acting towards Aids problem and how its information have helped or not people with HIV. The present work shows opinions of people with HIV about press reports all kinds) and articles. Our intention is to offer a guide of suggestions to improve press works in this is
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:209 (abstract no. PuD 9060)
Evans B, Watson S, Sandberg S, Stevens C; Local Health Promotion, Health Education Authority, London, U.K.
Encouraging prevention work in England with 5 specific target groups: Men Who Have Sex With Men/Black and Minority Ethnic/Young People/Prisons/Drugs. Local Health Promotion officers organised a 2 day event for DHPCs in England, at which commissioned papers covering the 5 areas were presen
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:208 (abstract no. PuD 9059)
Engelmaier LJ, Albor G, Puchot P, Herne P, Puppo PA, Legarrec JY; Institut de Documentation et Recherche sur la Toxicomanie, Fr.
An average 20% of hospital costs represent actual medical services (investigation, pharmacy). The remaining 80% can be drastically alleviated with volunteers (medical and accommodative) by an associative system. On the other hand, the care of certain pathologies outside of the hospital contribute to a bette
To assess attitudes of two different professional nursing populations hoped to see increased understanding of transmission and decreased fear of contagion ten years into the epidemic. 150 questionnaires were sent to the Medical-Surgical units of an urban hospital; 40 were returned. 100 were sent to a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:208 (abstract no. PuD 9057)
Edwige A, Aeberhard F, Benarosch J, Gehant A, Lhomme JP; Medecins du Monde, AIDS Mission-Syringe Program, Paris, France.
This is an effort focused on a population particularly affected by HIV, the most excluded among outcasts, those drug users beyond the reach of any institution. In June 1989, a multidisciplinary team set up a pilot program syringe exchange financed by the DGS (Direction Generale de la
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:208 (abstract no. PuD 9056)
Durand Y, Greeley E, Thomas E; Brooklyn AIDS Task Force, Inc., NY.
To assess the effects of a tailored health education program in an alternative high school in Brooklyn. Knowledge about HIV is insufficient to promote the behavioral changes necessary to reduce the risk of transmission. Education efforts focus on changes in attitudes & beliefs as well as knowledge. D
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:208 (abstract no. PuD 9055)
Dixon P, Crothers G; AIDS Care, Education and Training, London, UK.
Surveys show many young people in the UK doubt that AIDS is a real problem for them. Booklets/videos alone may not produce behaviour change. Moreover many teachers feel inadequate to address AIDS issues effectively. PROGRAMME: From May 1988 to February 1992 over 60,000 13-18 year old school pupils attend
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:208 (abstract no. PuD 9054)
Dimitrijevic G, Dimitrijevic G; Department for Blood transfusion Novi Sad, Yugoslavia.
Fear from AIDS came in Yugoslavia in mid eighties. We started surveillance of HIV infection among volunteer blood donors in 1987, year and since then only one blood donor was found to be HIV positive/ELISA positive and Western blot confirmed positive/. Our Blood bank covers the area with around 28-29 thousand donations
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:207 (abstract no. PuD 9053)
Diaz-Santana D, Zuno-Magdaleno S, Matsui-Santana O, De la Rosa-Murillo G;
Given Latino American culture, there has been many obstacles in promoting AIDS/HIV prevention to general population. The Jalisco State Council for AIDS Prevention concerned for these cultural restrictions, designed Self-Care Booklets for AIDS/HIV Prevention in order to overcome some attit
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:207 (abstract no. PuD 9052)
Devos T, Troussier T, Deschames SC;
OBJECT. Based on an inquiry conducted in the island of La Reunion , our aim was to display the logics underlying the systems of knowledge that people have concerning social phenomena AIDS . METHOD. The questionnaire used in this research has something in common with those used in some inquiries conducted notably in
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:207 (abstract no. PuD 9051)
de Burger R, Shotton P; Canadian Public Health Association, Ottawa.
To describe a national AIDS Education and Awareness Program based in a public health organization which takes a lead role in Health Promotion in Canada . As a multidisciplinary professional Association of 3,000 public health workers, the Canadian Public Health Association is active in programming on
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:207 (abstract no. PuD 9050)
Cucic V, Savin K, Korac V, Kupek E, Simovic-Hiber I; Institute for Social Medicine, Medical Faculty, Beograd, Yugoslavia.
Aims: Investigation of a degree of informedness and knowledge about AIDS; evaluation of AIDS as a social problem; measurement of a degree of repressiveness towards sick with AIDS (in the frame of medical system and law, and among drug addicts and laymen; proposals for adequate measures of prevention. Genera
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:207 (abstract no. PuD 9049)
Cros M, Manderscheid JC; Unite de la Communication et des Actions Preventives, Hopital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France.
To analyse the discourses of experts and teenagers during a three day round-table conference about Aids and Health Education. A statistical analysis software package for textual data is used. The corpus is composed of 75249 occurrences (5010 different words). This corpus can be structured by a set o
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:207 (abstract no. PuD 9048)
Credle J, Morrow-Hall G; Rutgers University-Newark Campus, New Jersey.
HIV/AIDS education and prevention issues targeting two major at risk groups inner city youth (planned parenthood of Essex County) and black gay and bisexual men (National Task Force on AIDS Prevention-San Francisco, California). PROJECT Using survey results and examples from day to day ac
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:206 (abstract no. PuD 9047)
Crawford C, Nocilly C; University of Colorado Graduate School of Public Affairs, Denver.
Use a computer-aided decision technique to determine among undergraduates the (1) factors influence choice of sexual partners, (2) rank of those factors, and (3) feasibility of using this technique to educate individuals in order to reduce risky behaviors. Seventeen randomly selected Cornell studen
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:206 (abstract no. PuD 9046)
Costa R, Dantas S, Messias C, Weinstein A, Reis M; Pela VIDDA Group, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
For millenia, the Bible has registered the double inscription of infectious/contagious diseases in Christian thought: impurity-purification (sin-re-demption). AIDS breaks this inscription and instead presents:impurity-death. This inscription structures relations between infected and non-infected as well as p
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:206 (abstract no. PuD 9045)
Corrales-Carvajal M, Alvarado-Rodriguez FA, Castaneda-Martinez J, Matsui-Santana OJ;
The State of Jalisco has the second largest city (Guadalajara) in Mexico . This state has a population above 5,000,000 of inhabitants. Also, it has the highest prevalence rate of AIDS reported cases besides the capital of the country. The aim of this paper is to analyze Government policies and programs and campaigns di
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:206 (abstract no. PuD 9044)
Cordle B; Pater Noster House, Columbus, Ohio.
Train others how to open and successfully operate hospice approach housing for men, women and children with AIDS--esp homeless. Dual dx (drug abuse, mentally ill). Problem solving. Vol agency operating on last minute miracles has housed 189 AIDS clients in last 6 years and 25 have died in our a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:206 (abstract no. PuD 9043)
Copello AG, Mesinger J, DuHamel M, Gilbert BP; San Mateo County AIDS Program, California.
Epidemiological data from STD and unintended pregnancy studies suggest that adolescents are at increased risk for HIV infection. Educational interventions have been implemented for this population with the goal of reducing behaviors associated with HIV transmission. Most of these interventions involve on
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:206 (abstract no. PuD 9042)
Cooper M; University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
This study examines an intervention to provide information on HIV-related topics and to encourage an active role in managing one s health care. Subjects were recruited among participants in three identical weekend seminars offered by a community-based organization in Los Angeles. Immediately prior
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:205 (abstract no. PuD 9041)
Cook D, Donovan JA; Casey House Hospice, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Casey House Hospice is a 13 bed AIDS Hospice located in Toronto, Canada . Due to inadequate AIDS Palliative Care Services in the community, Casey House was set up to provide palliative care in a hospice setting for People Living with AIDS. Casey House is a free-standing Hospice wh
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:205 (abstract no. PuD 9040)
Collier G, Couttoupes K, McCalman J; Sattler Gray AIDS Bureau, New South Wales Health Department.
AIDS Health promotion efforts in Australia have shown encouraging successes. The concept of a comprehensive, integrated approach to prevention is central to this result. This paper describes the activities of the NSW Health Department in mounting a comprehensive HIV prevention
The HIV Volunteer Network addressed the following issues in volunteer systems of 4 AIDS service organizations (ASO s): A decreasing volunteer pool while service needs increased, an uncoordinated approach to development and implementation of volunteer programs and gaps and redundancies by ASO s and com
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:205 (abstract no. PuD 9038)
Cimorelli N; Manhattan Center For Living, New York City.
An examination of the impact of multiple loss in the gay community in NYC and the subsequent need for bereavement services for this population. Facilitating a Grief Support Group for a period of two and one-half years at the Manhattan Center For Living. A psycho-spiritual paradigm
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:205 (abstract no. PuD 9037)
Chu SY, Farizo KM, Buehler JW; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
To examine the use of zidovudine and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) prophylaxis among HIV-infected persons in the United States . Retrospective medical record review on 9850 HIV-infected persons greater than or equal to 13 years of age who received medical care at more than 50 medical facili
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:205 (abstract no. PuD 9036)
Khombe DM, Chirwa RL; Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia.
In September, 1988 the Ministry of Health of Zambia in conjunction with UNICEF launched a Neighbourhood Mother Project. The aim was to empower selected women in one locality to be health care providers for their families and neighbours in child survival and development. Recognizing that the AIDS impact will negative th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:204 (abstract no. PuD 9035)
Chirwa BU, Mbomena J, Likwa R, Kakoma CF, Maruping A, Dreesch N, Guidotti R; Ministry of Health, Zambia.
A Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) using both qualitative and quantitative technique was conducted in six of the nine provinces of Zambia . Among the objectives was assessment of staff knowledge and client s attitude towards AIDS. A total of 244 mothers within a 18 month post partum period were rand
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:204 (abstract no. PuD 9034)
Chibatamoto P; Blair Research Institute, Min. of Health, Zimbabwe.
The assumption was that there was differential awareness of AIDS among different communities particularly the modes of transmission and consequences of contracting HIV. Therefore, the study looked into question of which communities and groups were less knowledgeable about the disease and thus required more
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:204 (abstract no. PuD 9033)
Chibamba F; Monze Hospital, Zambia.
Community and home based care of aids patients should be done within the cultural and traditional framework of the community. PROJECT Our horizontal approach to AIDS Care utilizes already available social and physical infrastructure at community level. We operate under the primary Health Care system
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:204 (abstract no. PuD 9032)
Chandrakapure MR; Directorate of Health Services, Bombay, India.
Maharashtra state harbours 82.8% HIV seropositives and 51.4% AIDS cases reported in India . Considering this a control strategy with following short term objectives was launched. i) To assure safe blood supply, ii) To strengthen surveillance and prevention activities, iii) To create operational capability to ma
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:204 (abstract no. PuD 9031)
Ceserani N, Agnoletto V, Borlone P, Marconi G, Gilberti L, Lesao C, Passarello P; L.I.L.A., Milano, Italia.
MAIN To change the risky behaviours for the HIV contagion in group of young people who do not respond to general information campaigns. Our association individualized some groups of people on which to intervene: groups of extremist football fans, young people belonging to selfrun
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:204 (abstract no. PuD 9030)
Cescon MA, Marongiu M, Orcese C, Volonterio A, Moioli MC, Caggese L, Rastrelli M; Social Workers Dept, Health Direction of Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
An activity of Social Support was instituted since 1989 at the Division of Infectious Diseases in HIV positive patients. We report here such experience in patients who made inquiry for benefits due to inability in 1989-1991. The program of Social Security includes the following items: home care (me
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:203 (abstract no. PuD 9029)
Cavicchia S, Hardy V; UK Family Planning Association, London.
Personnel managers could have an influential role through employment policy formulation, managing industrial relations and encouraging education to prevent discrimination. They need to be able to manage both perceived and real problems arising from HIV/AIDS in the workplace. In th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:203 (abstract no. PuD 9028)
Castillo S, Bayer R; Hawaii Public Television, Honolulu.
A historical portrait of public health policy driven by social, political, religious and cultural forces that shaped the tragic response to Hawaii s leprosy epidemic in the 1800s. PROJECT SIMPLE COURAGE is a one-hour Hawaii Public Television video documentary that details Hawaii s tragic
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:203 (abstract no. PuD 9027)
Brodeur S, Pfeferman M; Inova Hospitals Office of HIV Services, Fairfax, VA 22031.
Medically indigent HIV-infected persons are unable to access care in regions which lack a public or university affiliated hospital or outpatient clinic. The Fairfax Hospital System HIV Center Provides comprehensive medical care and case management to HIV-infected symptomatic patie
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:203 (abstract no. PuD 9026)
Braeken D; Community based AIDS project, The Netherlands.
Introducing safe sex promotion and education to (heterosexual) boys is difficult given the lack of interest and risk perception in this age group. The Dutch family planning organisation conducted a survey among young male adolescents identifying behaviour and needs, translating re
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:203 (abstract no. PuD 9025)
Bounya-Epee S; University of Yaounde, Department of Economics, Cameroon.
The study is based on aids and populations within and between countries in the African region. In order to assess total variation and nominal-scale categories effects on a region Aids rates, we used a general linear model for effect determination, a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to detect the main e
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:203 (abstract no. PuD 9024)
Bonifassi L, Demeulemeester R, Schneeberger C; French Department of Health, Paris.
To quantitatively evaluate the nursing load related to DH of HIV infected patients and find out an appropriate indicator. The DH of 518 patients distributed in 17 french hospitals has been considered. The totality of nursing interventions was noted and quantified by time. The average in the
Universities have a particular responsibility in educating about pressing social issues. They also stand committed to values of tolerance and non-discrimination. How can this mission best be achieved in the context of HIV/AIDS education, both for staff and students as well as for the larger community? DE
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:202 (abstract no. PuD 9022)
Boiron F, Licht N, Prat P; Laboratoire d'Ecologie Humaine, Aix-en-Provence, France.
Starting up a preventive operation by placing medical and paramedical personnel, including two complementary aspects: the possibility of free distribution or exchange of disposable syringes and needles occurring at a permanent office located in the urban centre. The constitution of a professional network of ph
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:202 (abstract no. PuD 9021)
Blanco A, Galindez J, Milanese A, Perez M;
ISSUE The lack of information and training in the handling of HIV (+) patients as well as the necessity of adequate International Biosecurity Norms to the existing resources in our Sanitary Medium, have motivated this project. a) Diagnostic Stage: Field studies by means of: surveys to t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:202 (abstract no. PuD 9020)
Bianchini E, Agnoletto V, Passarello P, Fantini L, Monti F, Pecora C, Stroppa M; USSL 57 Lombardia, Melegnano, Italia.
The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate the levels of awareness regarding AIDS and AIDS-related problems; 2) to quantify the perception of work-related hazards; 3) to indirectly investigate the consistency of daily work routines and the adherence to universal precaution guidelines; 4) to obtain us
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:202 (abstract no. PuD 9019)
Bettencourt F, van Dooremaal P; Project Prevent, Pawtucket, RI.
In Rhode Island, USA, many single uncoordinated efforts regarding HIV/AIDS existed side by side, targeting high and low risk groups at variable frequencies. With World AIDS Day providing the catalyst, community groups came together to put forth a collaborative effort promoting
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:202 (abstract no. PuD 9018)
Berge PI, Mildvan D; Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY.
Exploration of the role of an AIDS clinical trials unit as a point of entry to primary care systems for persons newly diagnosed as HIV-antibody seropositive. In large urban areas in the United States , new patients may wait several months for an appointment in a clinic. Our unit, which is
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:201 (abstract no. PuD 9017)
Bebbington AC, Feldman R, Gatter P, Warren PO; PSSRU, University of Kent, U.K.
Concern about the impact of people with HIV needing help in the community on the cost of state facilities led to heavy funding by central and local government to voluntary organisations for the development of service centres. The funding agencies have wished to monitor the strategies adopted, their costs and eff
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:201 (abstract no. PuD 9016)
Parker DA, Barnes AJ, Mandal BK; Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, Monsall Hospital, Manchester.
To identify causes of hospitalisation of HIV seropositive individuals during a one year period ending December 1991. The setting was the Regional AIDS Unit (RAU), serving the North West of England (total population approximately 4 million). Data was collected retrospectively from in-patient notes a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:201 (abstract no. PuD 9015)
Bakibinga P, Kasozi A; AIDS Care, Education and Training, Kampala, Uganda.
AIDS, it has often been said, is spread due to ignorance. If so, then all we have to do is give people information and then behaviour should change. However, more than 5 years on with a barrage of information in the form of 80 or so different tracts, posters, Presidential statements, radio announcements,
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:201 (abstract no. PuD 9014)
Baker CJ, Huscroft S, Morris R, Re O, Firpo R; Los Angeles County Juvenile Court Health Services & JWCH, CA.
To determine if 15-17 year old incarcerated youth who had a risk reduction counseling session have changed their sexual behavior following release from juvenile hall. Juveniles admitted to the juvenile halls in Los Angeles County are offered a voluntary HIV risk reduction counseling session and HIV t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:201 (abstract no. PuD 9013)
Baitwababo CM;
PROBLEMS: Because of injustice from employer, people s attitudes, and general socio-economic problems in Uganda , living positively with AIDS is difficult without proper counselling. For example, I was a victim of injustice when I lost my job with Kampala Sheraton Hotel after testing HIV+. PROJECT: The PWA Peer Educato
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:201 (abstract no. PuD 9012)
Ausherman C, van der Goot R; Institute for Development Training, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
The institute For Development Training seeks to activate AIDS prevention through local community religious organizations in Kenya , Tanzania , Uganda , Nigeria , Indonesia , China ,
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:200 (abstract no. PuD 9011)
Ashman MR, Tercero DM, Altamirano S, Lu Y, Beach R, Baum MK; University of Miami.
To determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to HIV infection and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) among Adolescents ages 17-19 years attending the health clinic Miguel Paz Barahona in SPS, Honduras to obtain health certificates using a self administered questionnaire.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:200 (abstract no. PuD 9010)
Asher R, Gilada IS, Bhimani GV, Subrahmanian C; Indian Health Organisation, Bombay.
Bombay a city of 10 millions, with organised and wide spread prostitution, professional blood sellers, high proportion of homeless migrant population has been the focus of HIV epidemic in India so much so that it has been described as the AIDS-Capital of India. Complacency, denial and other health priorities has
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:200 (abstract no. PuD 9009)
Arputhasamy JR, Kirubakaran K, Ganapathy SS, Lakshmi P, Sumathi S, Ravinathan R, Shanmugam BM; Kilpauk Medical College, Madras, India.
To evaluate AIDS awareness among Laboratory Technicians and their attitudes towards tests in HIV screening. A survey was undertaken among the laboratory technicians by circulating a questionnaire to be answered. A knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices survey of laboratory technicians
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:200 (abstract no. PuD 9008)
Anthonsen I, Kristensen JH, Madsen K; AIDS-Linien, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The National AIDS-Hotline in Denmark identified a need for more information on HIV and AIDS in the red light district in Copenhagen, in order to help fight the myths and prejudice against sex workers and drug users and in order to create safer lifestyles for all. It was done by, creating posters to
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:200 (abstract no. PuD 9007)
Angarano G; AIDS Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma, Italy.
To evaluate compliance to the follow-up and to compare access to treatment in injecting drug users and other transmission categories. We conducted a cohort study on subjects with a known seroconversion period. Subjects belonged to three different transmission categories: injecting drug users (IDUs)
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:200 (abstract no. PuD 9006)
Anderson DJ; South Glamorgan Health Authority, Wales, UK.
To raise public awareness about HIV/AIDS in Cardiff, the Capital of Wales, and the surrounding County area (population c. 400,000) by a co-ordinated programme of informative and entertaining activities in association with World AIDS Day. The South Glamorgan District HIV/AIDS Co-ordinating Centre ha
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:199 (abstract no. PuD 9005)
Alonso L; Institute of Psychology/University of Sao Paulo.
To know how executive women who have gone through a process of liberation at the 60 s and 70 s are now, with the AIDS phenomenon, living their sexuality. Using face to face interview at the first step, allowed us to get 60 women interested in group discussion about sexuality, AIDS and affection
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:199 (abstract no. PuD 9004)
Alonso JP, Gomez LI, Gascon L, Granizo C, Lopez A, Sanisidro C; Universidad de Zaragoza.
Analyze attitudes and knowledge towards HIV infection and AIDS among high school students and its relationships with age, sex, social variables and sexual activity to implement health education programs. A representative (size: 2640) sample of high school students in Zaragoza, Spain ,
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:199 (abstract no. PuD 9003)
Allard F, April N, Martin C, Brisson C, Bergeron G, Gingras S, Paradis R; DSC de l'Hopital de l'Enfant-Jesus, Quebec, Canada.
To describe knowledge and attitudes towards HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections of the staff of 3 types of correctional facilities: prison, half-way houses and probation agencies. A self-administered questionnaire was given to all staff of half-way houses (n = 36) and probation agencies (n =
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:199 (abstract no. PuD 9002)
Alcantara RV, Ornelas HG; Fundacion Panamericana del Sida.
To point out some positive aspects derived from the fight against AIDS. Several disciplines or sciences where analyzed comparing their degree of development before the beginning of the AIDS pandemic and ten years later. Starting from the hypothetical supposition that the rapid advance in some areas
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:199 (abstract no. PuD 9001)
Agnoletto V, Ceserani N, Passarello P, Selva L, Tradati C; L.I.L.A., Milano, Italia.
MAIN To change the risky behaviours for the HIV contagion in active drug addicts who are not under the control of social services in a small town near Milan--S. Giuliano M., 32228 citizens--by means of an integrated pilot project started in September 1991. Social workers dealing with drug addiction
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:199 (abstract no. PuD 9000)
Adams J; Sheffield AIDS Education Project, England.
HIV Prevention methods often address one area in isolation eg streetwork with clients, training for health care workers or public awareness campaigns. The intention of Sheffield AEP has been to bring together a wide range of inter-disciplinary approaches delivered by one team of workers. DESCRIPTION OF P
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:194 (abstract no. PuC 8247)
Zamperetti M, Abbate E, Compassi E, Gris MT, Goldwurm GF; S.P.D.C. Origgi I., Ospedale Ca Granda Niguarda, Milano, Italy.
The main aim of this research was to verify if Italian young men had a sufficient knowledge about H.I.V. transmission ways and prevention of same. We carried-out this investigation choosing 10,000 Italian soldiers, representing a good sample of risk taking behaviors people aged 18-19 and having pres
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:194 (abstract no. PuC 8246)
Wigersma L, Leentvaar-Kuypers A, Coutinho RA; Department of general practice, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
To determine the nature and prevalence of requests for the HIV-test and HIV test results in general practices (GP) in Amsterdam, and to monitor changes in request patterns and prevalence of HIV-seropositivity. This may have consequences for the planning of prevention, counselling and care of HIV. A
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:193 (abstract no. PuC 8245)
Schumacher RT, Garrett PE, Howard JD, Weiblen BJ; Boston Biomedica Inc., West Bridgewater, MA.
To compare HIV antibody EIA results of saliva collected with 3 different devices, to evaluate consistency of reactivity, and to correlate saliva with serum results. Saliva was collected 3 times daily for one week from HIV-infected out-patients using 2 or 3 collection devices. HIV antibody was detec
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:193 (abstract no. PuC 8244)
Warren D, Vlahov D, Solomon L, Chaisson RE, Nelson KE; Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
To describe factors associated with self disclosure of HIV infection in intravenous drug users (IVDUs). Heterosexual HIV-infected IVDUs (137 males and 49 females) were interviewed about disclosure of HIV status to current sex partners. Associations between partner notification and demographic, drug
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:193 (abstract no. PuC 8243)
Wan J, Bromberg J, Cornell RG, Skurnick J, Cordell J, Vermund S; U of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
To develop statistical methods for modeling the association of paired covariates with sexual behaviors in a study of HIV transmission. Data were collected independently from the HIV+ case and the HIV-partner in the discordant couples component of the HATS study. We modeled the association between pa
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:193 (abstract no. PuC 8242)
Wagner C, Polesky HF, Hanson M; Behringwerke AG, Marburg, Germany.
Following infection with HIV anti-p24 antibodies are known to be one of the first antibodies detectable by Western Blot analysis. However, it is also well known, that p24 antibodies are the most common unspecific and HIV 2 crossreacting antibodies present on HIV 1 Western Blots, and only a minority of indiv
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:193 (abstract no. PuC 8241)
Sorice F, Turbessi G, Monacelli M, Ferone U, Massetti AP, Cignarella L, Trinchieri V, Vullo V; Institute of Infectious Disease, University of Rome, Italy.
To compare clinical characteristics of HIV infection in women with different risk factors. From December 1986 we studied 342 HIV infected women: 211 (61.7%) drug abusers (DA), 103 (30.1%) subjects infected by heterosexual intercourse, 9 (2.6%) blood transfusion recipients; in 19 (5.6%) no definite
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:193 (abstract no. PuC 8240)
Vos J, Gumodoka B, Berege ZA, Dolmans WM, Borgdorff MW; Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.
To describe the perceived effectiveness of injections and tablets; and to assess whether patient demand may lead to over-prescription of injections. At each of the 60 randomly selected health facilities in Mwanza Region, 2 patients were interviewed with the use of an open-ended interview schedule a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:192 (abstract no. PuC 8239)
Vonesch N, Rosci MA, Sturchio E, Mirolo M, Miceli M, Mannella E, Pezzella M; Institute Infectious Diseases, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
A 3 year follow-up in high risk seronegative subjects was performed to estimate the duration of latent HIV-1 infection. Twenty-two seronegative partners of seropositive subjects and 14 gay men were included in our study. All 14 partners were enrolled as they were positive at base-line for visit HIV-
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:192 (abstract no. PuC 8238)
Houweling H, Spruit IP, Wiessing LG, Vondewinkel BH; Dept. of Epidemiology, Natl. Inst. Publ. Hlth. Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
To put data on the spread of HIV infections among drug users in a national perspective and to phrase implications for prevention and control. Data from own research projects in Arnhem and Deventer, 2 cities in the eastern part of The Netherlands , were compared with published data from Amsterdam, R
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:192 (abstract no. PuC 8237)
Venturini L, Lugoboni F, Fibbia GC, Mezzelani P, Des Jarlais DC; Institute of Clinica Medica, University of Verona, Italy.
To assess prevalence of and relationships among three blood borne viruses, HIV, HBV and HCV among injecting drug users (IDUs) in northeastern Italy . From December 1989 to January 1992, 736 IDUs (622 males and 114 females) attending the Center for Drug Addicts in the local Health District nos. 24-2
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:192 (abstract no. PuC 8236)
Vallejo A, Garcia-Saiz A, Barge T, Najera R; CNBCR, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
To determinate if HTLV-II infection in a non drug user woman has taken place by heterosexual transmission. To assess if vertical transmission of HTLV-II has occurred. Three cases were studied, a couple and their one month old daughter. The woman was prostitute with irregular use of preservative and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:192 (abstract no. PuC 8235)
Valle SL, Holmstrom P; University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
To define the change in type and frequency of oral sexual practices of HIV-seropositive (HIV+) homo/bisexual men (HOS) who had sex with casual partners. 14 consecutive interviews (mean interval 6 months) by the same investigator (SLV) of a cohort of 61 HIV+ HOS during 1983-1991. Questions covered th
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:192 (abstract no. PuC 8234)
Uribe P, De Caso LE, Rojas R, Hernandez G, Gortmaker S, Hernandez-Avila M, Mueller N, Sepulveda J; Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico.
To describe the seroconversion rates and to examine the epidemiology of sexual behavior, condom use and the risk for seroconversion to HIV-1 among bisexual and homosexual men. the study was conducted at the National AIDS Center. This centers offers free anonymous testing to people who consider thems
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:191 (abstract no. PuC 8233)
Urbanski P, Bankowski M, Staes B, Benson C, Sha B, Pottage J, Landay A, Kessler H; Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL.
1) To determine the rate of HIV transmission among sexually active HIV discordant couples; and 2) To determine the effect of safer sex counselling upon sexual behavior. Heterosexual couples, discordant for HIV infection, were monitored serologically every 2 months with HIV antibody, p24 antigen, HI
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:191 (abstract no. PuC 8232)
Turbitt P; Central Sydney Community Health, Australia.
ISSUE ADDRESSED. An emerging trend is that increased numbers of HIV positive people are seen regularly who, do not have AIDS, declining immune function or suffer side effects of prophylaxis & can be considered Healthy HIV Positive People (H.H.P.P.). These people attend regularly for immune function monitoring and H
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:191 (abstract no. PuC 8231)
Tunving K, Nyholm K, Andersson B;
Since five years two syringe and needle exchange programs have been operating at the clinics for treatment of infectious diseases at the university hospitals in Lund and Malmo. More than 2,000 injecting users (IU:s) have been visiting the programs out of at least 3,000 IU:s in the region. The HIV-incidence is below 1%
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:191 (abstract no. PuC 8230)
Trichopoulou E, Roumeliotou A, Stergiou G, Kallinikos G, Kornarou H, Papoutsakis G, Papaevangelou G; AIDS Reference Centre, Athens School of Public Health, Greece.
To study the prevalence of anti-HTLV-1 in male homosexuals and female prostitutes. Four hundred forty one male homosexual of where 14.5% were anti-HIV positive and 244 female prostitutes anti-HIV negative were included in the study. Eleven point six per cent of the homosexuals and 98.4% of the exam
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:191 (abstract no. PuC 8229)
Torne A, Coll O, de Tejada B, Martinez JM, Ercilla G, Roca A, Gil C, Vives A, Carrion A, Cararach V; Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain.
To determine HIV seroprevalence among our obstetrical population and to evaluate associated risk factors in our area. This is a cross-sectional prospective study. Two thousand consecutive women in labor were enrolled between July 1990 and Dec 1991. All women were interviewed for HIV risk factors and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:191 (abstract no. PuC 8228)
Tor J, Muga R, Tudela P, Sabris M, Foz M; Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
To evaluate AIDS incidence in a cohort of intravenous drug abusers attending a reference general hospital of Metropolitan area of Barcelona. From 1984 to 1990, 649 current heroin users that sought attendance in our hospital for medical complications or a detoxification program, were submitted to cl
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:190 (abstract no. PuC 8227)
Terraza S, Solorzano R, Samayoa B, Arathoon E, Mejia C; Clinica Municipal No. 2, Guatemala City.
To determine the HIV sero-prevalence and risk practices in patients attending and an STD clinic in urban Guatemala . 300 consecutive patients attending an STD clinic were included. A private, confidential and voluntary test was performed, and a written consent form was obtained for HIV antibodies det
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:190 (abstract no. PuC 8226)
Tercero DM, Ashman MR, Altamirano S, Lu Y, Beach R, Baum MK; Region de Salud No. 3, Honduras.
To determine the prevalence of HIV-1 and syphilis among adolescents in San Pedro Sula ages 13-19 years attending the Health Clinic Miguel Paz Barahona in San Pedro Sula, Cortes, Honduras . To investigate the spread of HIV-1 infection among adolescents, young people age 13-19 years who came to the he
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:190 (abstract no. PuC 8225)
Tarro G, Saeraglia R, Di Nicuolo G, Flaminio S, Esposito C; Virology Department, D. Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy.
5852 people at various risk conditions were screened for HIV markers in order to evaluate the distribution of HIV infection. All the sera were tested by ELISA with two kits of different sources. The positive sera were subjected to HIV 1 and HIV 2 Western Blot. 946 subjects were positive for
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:190 (abstract no. PuC 8224)
Taracena A, Mejia C, Arathoon E, Moller D, Lemus E; Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala City.
Risk factors for hepatitis B acquisition have not been clearly defined in Guatemala . Serum HBsAg reactivity in 200 patients of sexually transmitted diseases clinic (STD) and in 934 military recruits (MR) was determined by Elisa. Prior blood transfusions had been given to 4 (2%) and 17 (1.2%), but promiscuous sexual ac
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:190 (abstract no. PuC 8223)
Susser E; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, N.Y.
To assess the prevalence of HIV infection in homeless mentally men in a New York City shelter. We offer HIV testing to all men in our on-site psychiatry program for mentally ill men in the largest of the New York City shelters. We reviewed the self-reported results for all of the 90 men consecutively
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:190 (abstract no. PuC 8222)
Stall R, Berrios D, Binson D, Coates T, Catania J; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco.
Although 10% of AIDS cases in the United States have been diagnosed among individuals over the age of 50, little is known of HIV testing behavior within this age group. This study describes the lifetime prevalence of HIV antibody testing from ages 18 to 75, within a general population sample. A ran
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:189 (abstract no. PuC 8221)
Spina M, Tirelli U, Serraino D, Corso C, Covre P; Division of Medical Oncology, C.R.O., Aviano, Italy.
The role of female prostitution in the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection shows substantial variations in the different parts of the world. In Italy , less than 2% of not-IVDU prost. were found seropositive for HIV antibodies, as compared with 35% of seropositivity rates among IVDU prost. With the a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:189 (abstract no. PuC 8220)
Noya A, Fernandes A, Vaz RG, Sousa C; National AIDS Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Mozambique.
To estimate the HIV seroprevalence among in-patients in a rural and provincial hospital and among out-patients from a rural and urban health center in Inhambane province. A cross-sectional study was carried out in April 1991, among all 181 in-patients at the internal medicine, maternity, gynaecolog
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:189 (abstract no. PuC 8219)
Soriano V;
The first cases of HIV-2 infection in Spain were described in 1988 in 3 West African immigrants living in Barcelona. Since that moment several studies have pointed that HIV-2 is not widespread in Spain. Paradoxically, neighbouring countries as France and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:189 (abstract no. PuC 8218)
Solomon R, Nataraj S, Kumaresan C, Rae N;
Need for STD awareness and outreach services in Madras slums (Tamilnadu, India ). Since STD prevention and control is a key factor towards prevention and control of HIV the South India AIDS Action Programme carried out an investigative study in ten slums of Madras city to examine existing
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:189 (abstract no. PuC 8217)
Sokal DC, Seitz S, Auvert B, Bernstein R, Konde-Lule J, Stoneburner R, Stover J; Family Health International, NC.
To use simulation models to estimate the effectiveness of various intervention strategies to slow the spread of HIV. We used two PC-based simulation models of the AIDS epidemic to simulate interventions: iwgAIDS and SimulAIDS. The IwgAIDS model is a sophisticated, deterministic model with numerous
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:189 (abstract no. PuC 8216)
Sogolow ED, Des Jarlais D, Landesman SH, Kelly P, Sampson-Lee G, Cordell J, Cornell R; SUNY, HSC, Brooklyn.
To assess the impact of participating in a cohort study on HIV risk behavior. Of 282 subjects in HATS who have returned for short term follow up visits, 83 participants were given debriefing interviews about their participation in the study. All subjects asked to participate in the debriefing inter
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:188 (abstract no. PuC 8215)
Silvester CK, Karopoulos A, Dax EM, Sharma KB, Umenai T, Petersen G, Tamashiro H; National HIV Reference Laboratory, Fairfield Hospital, Australia.
To monitor the performance of Regional laboratories undertaking HIV-1 serology, establish methods for identifying problems in the testing process and collect information on the testing practices of the participating laboratories in the regions. Identical panels of 10 coded anti-HIV-1 positive and n
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:188 (abstract no. PuC 8214)
Shields J; Department of Medicine and Hematology, Santa Barbara Medical Foundation Clinic, California.
Owing to hazards presented by syringes and needles currently used for giving local anesthesia in the mouth, dentists, their assistants and clients are at considerable risk for acquiring blood-borne infections, such as HBV, HCV and HIV, transmitted via sharp hollow-bore steel needles from one person to an
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:188 (abstract no. PuC 8213)
Shalwitz J, Bermudez R; Special Programs for Youth, San Francisco Department of Public Health, CA.
To determine HIV seroprevalence and risk factors in incarcerated, local runaway, and homeless youth seeking health care in 3 adolescent clinics in SF. Using standardized CDC protocols, 1254 serum samples taken for syphilis serology from 4/90 to 9/91 were blindly tested for HIV Antibodies. Demographi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:188 (abstract no. PuC 8212)
Serpelloni G, Morgante S, Palumbo F, Galloni D, Faccini M, Scalvini C, Ciusa F; HIV Verona Screening Section (ULSS 25), Gruppo C Naples, Italy.
1. Setting-up throughout Italy and evaluating the effectiveness of a national network of anonymous screening facilities, taking as a model the analogous service (called Gruppo C ), which has been active in Verona since 1986. 2. To survey prevalence and incidence of HIV infection among different groups of su
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:188 (abstract no. PuC 8211)
Serfaty A, Perrault M, Cerf N, Laporte A, Patris C; AIDS Division, Ministry of Health, Paris, France.
To analyze patterns and characteristics of clients receiving services at the T&C sites between 1988 and 1990. Observation units were the T&C sites established throughout France : they were 115 in 1988, 119 in 1989, and 121 in 1990. An HIV T&C site is a service integrated in
(1) To determine the prevalence of HIV 1, HBV, HIV 1/HBV in the four Regions of Uganda . (2) To investigate the association of HIV 1/HBV amongst blood donors in Uganda. MATERIALS: In the last quarter of 1991, 5280 blood samples from voluntary and replacement blood donors in the Regions were received, separa
To examine disease manifestations and predictors of progression to AIDS in a cohort of HIV-infected (HIV+) injecting drug users (IDUs). Ongoing prospective study within a longterm methadone program in the Bronx, New York City. Baseline and semiannual research visits with structured interviews, clin
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:187 (abstract no. PuC 8208)
Seidlin M, Vogler M, Lee E, Dubin N; New York University School of Medicine, N.Y.
To identify risk factors for transmission of HIV in steady couples and to determine if different risk factors operated in male (M) to female (F) vs. F to M transmission. Partners (P s) of HIV infected individuals (I s) were enrolled if P s had greater than or equal to 10 episodes of vaginal interco
HIV-1 virus has taken deep roots in coastal regions of Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu in India . Manipur bordering Burma has also witnessed spate of seropositive intravenous drug users but Punjab state bordering Pakistan and the seat of heavy international traffic aroused little curiosity till the surveillanc
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:187 (abstract no. PuC 8206)
Seage G, Mayer K, Cai B, Herren T, Horsburgh CR; Boston Dept. of Health & Hosp., MA.
To evaluate the relationship between unprotected receptive anal intercourse, nitrite use and the risk of HIV infection, we analyzed prospective data from a study of the transmission of 506 HIV seronegative men in Boston. 506 HIV seronegative men were enrolled into a prospective study of HIV transmi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:187 (abstract no. PuC 8205)
Schwebke JR, Handsfield HH, Raisys V; University of Washington, Seattle.
Anecdotal reports and a few studies have linked syphilis, and to a lesser extent gonorrhea, with illicit drug use. This study was designed to explore the association of several STDs with an objective indicator of drug use. Demographic characteristics and diagnosis (based on initial evaluation, prior
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:187 (abstract no. PuC 8204)
Schuman P, Salacata A, Jones T; Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI.
To study factors predicting maternal and fetal outcome. 100 pregnant (pg) women have been followed prospectively in the Women s AIDS Program since 1987. Women are seen on one site by specialists in infectious diseases, maternal/fetal medicine, and gynecologic oncology. Transportation, daycare, respi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:186 (abstract no. PuC 8203)
Schuler-Maue W, Dormann A, Grunewald T, Ruf B, Pohle HD, Lange W; II. Department of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University Hospital, Berlin, Germany.
To determine the prevalence of HCV-antibodies in patients according to risk factors to acquired the HIV-infection in a large university hospital. Serum samples were collected from 391 patients who where admitted to our Clinic for treatment of HIV-infection in the years 1983-1990 and stored in aliquo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:186 (abstract no. PuC 8202)
Schiller J, Dougherty T, Mayer J, Rodriguez A, Sharp V; Spellman Center for HIV Related Disease, New York, N.Y. 10019.
The extremely High occurrence of HIV infection in the heterosexual population of the outpatient clinic in an urban designated AIDS center was investigated. The subjects consisted of male and female outpatients, 18 years of age and above, randomly chosen. The degree of infection ranged from recent H
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:186 (abstract no. PuC 8201)
Savara M, Sridhar CR;
There is no information on sexual behaviour patterns in India and the belief is that men do not have pre-marital sex, that they are faithful in marriage, that homosexuality is a western phenomenon and only the poor and illiterate go for paid sex. The purpose was to discover the actual behaviour patterns. ME
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:186 (abstract no. PuC 8200)
Sargento C, Coelho H; Imuno-hemotherapy Unit, University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal.
To know the reason why apparently healthy people come to do the HIV 1 + 2 antibody test, their personal habits, pains, clinical history and compare this known data with the results of HIV 1 and HIV2 antibodies. 1. The screening test: HIV 1/HIV 2 antibody was done gratuitously. 2. We hold a confiden
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:186 (abstract no. PuC 8199)
Rodriguez Arenas MA, Sarasqueta C, Zunzunegui MV; Centro Universitario de Salud Publica, Madrid.
In the city of Madrid, 1990: a) To assess the prevalence of HIV infection among injecting drug users (IDU) b) To describe social characteristics and history of drug use c) To estimate the proportion of IDUs who have used condoms and who have not shared syringes in the last six months, in collaboration with t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:186 (abstract no. PuC 8198)
Sapan CV, Liu D, Stramer SL; North American Biologicals, Inc. (NABI) Miami, FL.
Use of seroconversion panels to demonstrate early detection of HIV, comparing and contrasting HIV-1 to HIV-1/2 EIA assays. Four manufacturers licensed HIV-1 EIA test kits were assayed in triplicate using ten HIV-1 seroconversion panels (NABI, SERO-HIV). These panels were confirmed for HIV-1 using w
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:185 (abstract no. PuC 8197)
Sanchez E, Paya J; Program for Education and Research on Public Health, Health Studies Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
To estimate the rate of vertically acquired HIV infection. 1. Selection of papers. A database of medical journals (compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM, version of the Medline database) was used to identify bibliographic records containing as a descriptor field one, or more, of the following Medica
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:185 (abstract no. PuC 8196)
Salido-Rengell F, Romo-Garcia J; J. Virology Unit, Mexico City General Hospital, Mexico.
Obtain information on HIV antibody existence in surgery requiring patients of a General Hospital for logistic-around surgery purposes. Under a established pilot program for elective surgery-requiring patients in 1991, daily average of 13 blood samples were anti-HIV ELISA tested and, when required, W
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:185 (abstract no. PuC 8195)
Altes J, Riera M, Villalonga C, Salas A, Rifa J, Pico G; Departament de Medicina Interna, Hospital Son Dureta, (Mallorca), Spain.
to analyse survival time after AIDS diagnosis (CDC definition) among adult patients in Balearic Islands and to identify independent predictors of survival. Adult AIDS cases diagnosed in the two main Hospitals of Mallorca and Ibiza are reported to a Single Hospital Registry. Resident patients with AI
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:185 (abstract no. PuC 8194)
Sacks M, Dermatis H, Klein R, Burton W, Looser-Ott S, Perry S; Cornell University Medical College, New York City, New York.
To compare rates of undetected HIV infection (HIV+) over a two-year period among acute psychiatric inpatients. Consecutive psychiatric inpatients were tested for HIV using waste bloods from admission lab tests. Undetected HIV+ was defined as HIV+ on waste blood without HIV+ recorded on admission. R
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:185 (abstract no. PuC 8193)
Muga R, Tor J, Tudela P, Condom MJ, Sabria M; Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de Badalona Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
To analyze serologic reactive test for syphilis and associated sexual behavior in 223 (164 M, 59 F) heterosexual IVDUs treated for opiate dependence between Feb. 1987 and May 1989. Questionnaire designed to asses demographic, drug use and sexual practices. HIV-1-Ab were analyzed by EIA and syphilis
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:185 (abstract no. PuC 8192)
Rubbert A, Schwab J, Nusslein H, Kalden JR; Dep Med III, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany.
Elevated levels of antibodies to cardiolipin (ACA) have been associated with certain chronic infections and autoimmune disorders. Despite the presence of autoimmune phenomena such as thrombocytopenia in HIV-infection, autoantibodies in sera are present only in a minority of patients. However, ACA have been described in
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:184 (abstract no. PuC 8191)
Rua-Figueroa M, Aguilar MD, Estebanez P, Fitch K, Andrade V; Centro de Educ. e Inves. en Salud (CEIS), Madrid, Spain.
To describe and analyze differences between HIV prevalence and risk factors in male and female injecting drug users (IDU). Risk factors for HIV-1 infection were studied based on information obtained from 7957 male and female IDUs who requested HIV testing between 1985 and 1990 at primary care cente
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:184 (abstract no. PuC 8190)
Rousseau S, Tamalet C, Michel G, Vallee D, Leclaire, Vignoli C, De Micco P; Hopital Timone, Marseille, France.
Precocious detection of all HIV-positive infants including those born to unknown HIV status mothers before delivery. HIV screening was performed in 2 maternity wards in Marseille from October 1987 to October 1991. Within the last 4 years, 73 HIV-infected women have had abortions. At the same time 13
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:184 (abstract no. PuC 8189)
Rosenblum LS, Buehler JW, Morgan MW; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia.
To assess morbidity among hospitalized HIV-infected women in the United States . A sample of state-wide or hospital-specific 1988 medical records listing a diagnosis of HIV infection in women (greater than or equal to 13 years of age) was obtained in 6 sites. HIV/AIDS status, demographic information
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:184 (abstract no. PuC 8188)
Alvarez JR, Rodriguez-Iglesias MA, Vergara A, Gutierrez MC, Garcia S, Jesus I, Perez-Ramos S; Puerto Real University Hospital, Spain.
In this work we have studied the effect that produce an acid treatment for to break the immunocomplexes p24 antigen/p24 antibodies before using a standard HIV 1 p24 antigen. Have been studied 1.055 sera from several groups HIV 1-seropositives individuals: asymptomatic (883), AIDS Related Complex (ARC) (74), and AIDS (9
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:184 (abstract no. PuC 8187)
Rodriguez Arenas MA, Donoghoe MC, Higueras I, Crosier A, Zunzunegui MV, Stimson GV; Centro Universitario de Salud Publica, Madrid.
To examine differences in anti-HIV status and HIV risk behaviours in injecting drug users (IDUs) in London and Madrid. In 1990 534 IDUs surveyed in London and 472 in Madrid using a common structured questionnaire as part of WHO collaborative study of HIV prevalence and risk behaviour. Multi-site sam
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:184 (abstract no. PuC 8186)
Robertson E, Guidinger P, Tate C, Rosenlof R, Chang A, Edwards M, Phelps B; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064.
A recombinant protein (rp21) has been derived from the transmembrane region of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) by RepliGen Corp. (Cambridge, Massachusetts), and has been utilized for development of a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA). Detection of antibodies to HTLV-I and HTLV-II is achieved du
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:183 (abstract no. PuC 8185)
Ricchi E, Borderi M, Costigliola P, Chiodo F; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Bologna, Italy.
To evaluate the prevalence of HIV Ab in a sample of 728 homo-bisexual males and to analyze the trend of HIV infection in Italian homosexuals. METHODS. The sample considered 728 homo-bisexual males (excluding drug users, male prostitutes, symptomatic) presenting on free will in our Center, and enrolled in a s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:183 (abstract no. PuC 8184)
Ricard E, Messiah A, Mouillot L, Courouce AM; INSERM U.292, Hopital Bicetre, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France.
To evaluate use of western blot (WB) in the french laboratories for HIV-1 screening tests. To identify testing problems, variability causes and to improve laboratory testing performance with special focus on interpretation criteria. Four serum specimens were sent to 104 laboratories in 1988 and fiv
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:183 (abstract no. PuC 8183)
Llobet P, Muga R, Tor J, Rey-Joly C, Pardo A, Sabria M; Service of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Spain.
To investigate the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia-hypocholesterolemia and the relationship with immunologic function in asymptomatic HIV-1(+) heroin users. The study group consisted of 292 HIV (+), non AIDS intravenous drug users (IVDUs) treated because infectious diseases or detoxification betw
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:183 (abstract no. PuC 8182)
Renton A; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, University of London.
The study aimed to examine the use of data on the occurrence of STDs in monitoring AIDS prevention. The project involved two principle areas of work. The theoretical justification for using STDs as indicators of high risk sexual behaviour, or of HIV incidence was considered from t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:183 (abstract no. PuC 8181)
Remis RS, Palmer RW; Centre for AIDS Studies, Montreal General Hospital Community Health Department, Quebec, Canada.
Immigrants from Haiti are particularly affected by the HIV epidemic in Quebec. Though this group comprised 42% of AIDS cases diagnosed from July 1979 to June 1984, compared to 6.7% of cases currently, HIV infection continues to be an important problem. We examined the following data sources to deve
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:183 (abstract no. PuC 8180)
Rasch MC, Weverling GJ, de Vries E, Frissen PH, Weigel HM; Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
To compare survival of HIV infected homosexuals (HO) and intravenous drug users (IVDU) since AIDS diagnosis. We compared the survival time of 85 HO with AIDS with 36 IVDU (31 men, 5 women) with AIDS, diagnosed in an Amsterdam inner-city hospital, in the period Jan. 1, 1987 to July. 31, 1991. Surviv
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:182 (abstract no. PuC 8179)
Ramos-Gomez FJ, Greenspan D, Katz M, Grady D, Greene JC, Bird W, Turner-Hubbard K, Gerberding JL; University of California, San Francisco.
This retrospective study covering 10/89-12/91 describes the epidemiology of accidental exposures (AE) to blood and body fluids among dental health-care workers (DHCW) at 3 UCSF teaching sites. Eligible AE included percutaneous (punctures/cuts) and mucosal exposures to blood/body fluids reported to
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:182 (abstract no. PuC 8178)
Rajs J, Fugelstad A, Hansson H; Department of Forensic Medicine, Karolinska Institute.
To describe mortality and causes of death among HIV-infected drug addicts in Stockholm. Most deceased drug addicts in Stockholm are examined at the Department of Forensic Medicine in Stockholm. During the period July 1st, 1985 to December 30, 1990 a systematic investigation of medicolegal autopsy ca
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:182 (abstract no. PuC 8177)
Rafi I, Marx E, Pierce P, Doherty M, Young M; Georgetown University Medical Center.
GUH s HIV Women s Clinic has established a database on 114 HIV+ women enrolled 7/87-1/92. Of these, 18 women have died. This report compares demographics, CD4 cell counts and associated illnesses for deceased versus surviving women. Retrospective clinical and demographic data were abstracted and ent
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:182 (abstract no. PuC 8176)
Aguado I, Pineda JA, Rivero A, Vergara A, Sanchez-Quijano A, Abad MA, Lissen E, Leal M; H.U Virgen Rocio (Sevilla), Spain.
To determine risk factors for HIV-1 infection in spanish NIDUP. Five hundred and nineteen spanish NIDUP were interviewed and a serum sample was taken from everyone. The poll included questions about sexual behaviour, contraceptive use and demographic data. Serum samples were tested for anti-HIV-1 (E
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:182 (abstract no. PuC 8175)
Pinay P, Schutz R, Abissey AS, Doukoure YM, Bondurand A; Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
In a previous historical study led in the National Blood Bank in Abidjan (Dakar 1991), the rate of HIV infected, antibody (Ab) negative blood units from seroconverting steady blood donor was estimated at 0.5%. With more than 30000 blood units delivered each year, the efficiency of the systemat
Compare five methods of p24 antigen detection in prospectively followed HIV-1 infected individual. Serial serum samples (N = 231) from 55 HIV-1 infected homosexual/bisexual participants in the Chicago Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, obtained at their semi-annual clinic visit, were assayed. Participan
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:181 (abstract no. PuC 8173)
Perez Alvarez L, de Ory F, Hernandez Sampelayo T, Gurbindo MD, Varela JM, Casado C, Contreras G, Garcia Saiz A, de Andres R, Najera R; CNBCR Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid.
1) To study the serological response to EBV infection in HIV infected children born to HIV seropositive mothers. 2) To compare the EBV serological response between children with LIP and without this disease. PATIENTS AND We have studied 24 HIV infected children, 8 with LIP, and 16 without this dise
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:181 (abstract no. PuC 8172)
Perez J, De Moya EA, Fiallo A; Programa Control Enfermedades Transmission Sexual y SIDA (PROCETS), Dominican Republic.
To analyze the impact of educational intervention strategies on the evolution of HIV transmission in the Dominican Republic between 1985-1991, as well as to illustrate the relevance of culturally based research on AIDS knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practice (KABP) as a primary tool for planning and evalu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:181 (abstract no. PuC 8171)
Parat AM, Schwoebel V, Dubois D, Ancelle-Park RA, Brunet JB; European Centre for Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS, Paris, France.
To provide information on levels and spread of HIV infection in European countries, to allow analyses of time trends and comparisons between various populations, and to identify information gaps. Data on methods and results of European HIV prevalence studies (cross sectional surveys and ongoing sur
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:181 (abstract no. PuC 8170)
Papaevangelou G, Richardson C, Ancelle-Park R; University of Athens.
To identify factors associated with HIV seropositivity in a retrospective study of injecting drug users (IDUs). Particular interest lay in behavioural factors, as established by interviews investigating drug use and sexual behaviour in the previous six months. 12 participating countries interviewed
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:181 (abstract no. PuC 8169)
Palenicek J, Nelson K, Cohn S, Rubb S, Munoz A, Vlahov D, Saah A; Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Compare the occurrence of clinical symptoms, physical exam findings, and hematologic variables between male IVDUs and HM after adjusting for HIV status and CD4 cell count. We interviewed and examined 540 male IVDUs and 932 HM enrolled in two parallel longitudinal studies. We studied clinical symptom
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:181 (abstract no. PuC 8168)
Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Eiros JM, Castrodeza J, Almaraz A, Martin JF, Rodriguez-Torres A; Hospital Clinico y Facultad de Medicina, Valladolid, Spain.
To determine the reliability of HIV prevalence from patients of an hospital emergence department (ED) by using the methodology of testing pooled sera. During different intervals of a week in October 1990 and February 1991, serum from all patients attended in the emergence department from our hospita
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:180 (abstract no. PuC 8167)
Orsi MG, Galli L, Ciuffi L, Lotti M, De Martino M; Department of Pediatrics, University of Florence, Italy.
OBJECT: Analysis of psychosocial factors interfering on the spreading of perinatal HIV-1 infection to identify strategies for reducing the number of at-risk children. CIU series include 86 children born to HIV+ mothers. The mothers psychosocial features were analyzed on data collected in specific forms during
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:180 (abstract no. PuC 8166)
Orozco S, Lopez L, Hernandez-Avila M, Ramirez A, Hernandez G; Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico.
During 1988, Mexican health authorities detected the existence of private blood banks with unusually high prevalence of HIV. The banks were located in Nezahualcoyotl City, a low socioeconomic community and most of their suppliers were local residents. We conducted a survey to evaluate the spread of HIV in t
To compare CD4% with absolute CD4 cell count at initial clinical evaluation as a predictor of fatal outcome. We retrospectively studied 32 patients from HIV seroconversion to AIDS, and subsequently death. These 32 cases were matched to 145 controls (dated HIV seroconverters currently living) by comm
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:180 (abstract no. PuC 8164)
Ollivier B, Reboulot B, Scavini G, Rosenthal E, Cassuto JP; Service de Medecine Interne 2-Hematologie, Hopital de Cimiez, C.H.U. de Nice, France.
AIMS: Evaluation of the test results if the HIV-infected patients express or not the wish to know about their seropositivity. Collection of the data by providing a multiple choice questionnaire during an interview. A study on a population of 170 HIV-infected patients, chosen at random among the total seropositi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:180 (abstract no. PuC 8163)
Ollero M, Merino D, Pujol E, Marquez P, Gimeno A, Angulo C; Hospital General de Huelva, Spain.
Blood transfusion and IV drug abuse are the major modes of transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). Other routes of parenteral transmission such as tattoos have not been reported. Our objectives was to evaluate risk practices for HCV infection among a population with risk practices for sexual and parenteral
Caring for socially unstable i.v.-drug-users (IVDU) infected with HIV could be an important tool for prevention of HIV-Disease. It was our hypothesis that a combination of social and medical care for IVDU not only improves their personal situation but enhances their social responsibility with regard to avoi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:179 (abstract no. PuC 8161)
O'Farrell N; City Health STD Clinic, King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, South Africa.
To investigate recent trends in reported cases of donovanosis, an STD that may cause extensive genital ulcer disease (GUD). The annual reports of the Medical Officer of Health for Durban 1958-1988 were reviewed: cases of donovanosis, GUD and new patients attending an STD clinic were recorded. A rap
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:179 (abstract no. PuC 8160)
Mwandu D, Nkhata KJ, Sukwa TY, Banda G;
To make a retrospective assessment of the impact of HIV-1 infection among some Zambian children, in a peri-urban population. Serum samples collected in 1990 from 348 Zambian children (mean age 3.3 years), for other studies, and stored at -20 degrees C, were screened for anti-HIV 1 antibody, using t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:179 (abstract no. PuC 8159)
Nicolosi A, Musicco M, Saracco A, Angarano G, Lazzarin A; University of Milan.
To study risk factors of woman-to-man sexual HIV transmission, we carried out a cross-sectional study of stable, monogamous couples in which the infected woman was the index case and the man was exposed to HIV only through sexual intercourse with the infected partner. The couples were recruited from
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:179 (abstract no. PuC 8158)
Nelsing S, Nielsen TL, Nielsen JO; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre hospital, Denmark.
To study the epidemiology of blood exposure among staff in a DID with a high prevalence of HIV-positive patients, from 1987-1991. All former and present employed staff members, attending physicians and chief physicians, nurses and nursing assistants were asked to fulfill an anonymous questionnaire.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:179 (abstract no. PuC 8157)
Ndiaye M; Association Jeunesse Anti-Sida et MST Dakar-Senegal.
How to make condoms accessible for students according to poverty, cultural and religions sensitivities? Four methods was used: 1) Free access to condoms without any formality, at no cost. 2) Free access for appliers at no cost. 3) Selling condoms in students rooms. 4) Formal distribution by regist
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:179 (abstract no. PuC 8156)
Naumtsev SA, Fomichev AE, Voevodin AF; AIDS Control Centre of Russian Federation, Moscow.
To analyse the causes of false positivity in Peptoscreen-2, which is the most widely used in Russia commercial peptide ELISA for antibodies against HIV-1/2. 1. ELISA. 2. Avidity determination by NH4SCN elution. 3. Precipitation of immune complexes (CICs) by PEG. 4. The panel of sera used included 1
To assess the contribution of imported HIV disease to the heterosexual epidemic in London. Case note review of 396 HIV-seropositive heterosexuals at two Central London clinics from 1985 to 1991. TABULAR DATA, SEE ABSTRACT VOLUME. One hundred and two of the 199 drug users (51.3%) were born ou
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:178 (abstract no. PuC 8154)
Nakano T, Lee M, Hsu MY, Javier B, Ly H, Detels R, Imagawa D; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance.
To compare the number of HIV-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in seropositive homosexual men measured by quantitative PCR and by quantitative micrococulture method. Fifty PBMC samples were serially diluted 10-fold (1 x 10(6) - 1 x 10(2) cells) and assayed by both PCR and microco
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:178 (abstract no. PuC 8153)
Nakajima GA, Rubin HC; Department of Psychiatry, NYU/Bellevue Hospital, NYC.
To analyze demographic data concerning AIDS in Asian and Pacific Islanders (A&PIs) in New York City. Data was obtained from the CDC AIDS Surveillance forms compiled by the NYC Department of Health. As of June 1991, there were 219 NYC adult AIDS cases in the A&PI communities. NYC is
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:178 (abstract no. PuC 8152)
Musagara M, Serwadda D, Musgrave S; Rakai Project, Uganda.
A longitudinal KAB and Serosurvey on HIV infection was started in Rakai District, Uganda . In the first KAB Survey, 2617 individuals were interviewed. We had to retain as many participants as possible over a period of more than 2 years. Strategies to avoid dropouts were started before t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:178 (abstract no. PuC 8151)
Mukisa E, Rubagiza J;
Of the National STD Clinic attendants 33% of the females and 12% of males are children. Intensive counselling is carried out, focus group discussions and hand outs given but in local languages about STD/HIV. In this context children mean those below 20 years. There has be
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:178 (abstract no. PuC 8150)
Muggiasca ML, Agarossi A, Brambilla T, Ghetti E, Imperiale D, Boschini A, Conti M; VII Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milan.
To evaluate if maternal virological status, clinical stage and immunological status may affect vertical transmission of HIV infection. From 1987 to 1991 63 HIV pos. pregnant women (mean age: 27 + 5 yrs.; 16 IVDA; 35 PIVDA; 12 partners of HIV positive) were evaluated and tested for HIV circulating an
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:177 (abstract no. PuC 8149)
Muga R, Tor J, Sabria M, Melus R, Tudela P, Foz M; Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Spain.
To examine the epidemiologic association between HIV-1 infection and the duration of drug injection in heroin users. Intravenous drug users (IVDUs) were recruited in a University Hospital attending drug abuse treatments, emergencies and medical or surgical complications in IVDUs from May 1984 to Jul
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:177 (abstract no. PuC 8148)
Mourao MV; CESAS-Center for Sociolog. Antropological Study of AIDS, Technical Univ. of Lisbon, Portugal.
1. Analyse Sexual Behavior of men attending night bars in Lisbon and Oporto. 2. Compare risk factors and attitudes towards HIV infection as well as preventive measures taken by Heterosexual Bisexual and Gay men. 3. Define the prevalence of HIV seropositivity in the 3 groups. In 1991, 5000 mail back
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:177 (abstract no. PuC 8147)
Mourad A, Mostafa S, Watts D; Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University.
The prevalence of infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) has been reported to be low in various at risk groups in Egypt over the last four years. This study was initiated to study a unique population--Egyptian merchant seamen (MS). Individuals evaluated consented to having HIV-1 test
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:177 (abstract no. PuC 8146)
Rodrigues GA, Moreira Junior ED, Castelo A, Ribeiro TT, Brites C, Johnson WD Jr; State University of Campinas-SP.
OBJECTIVE--To study the seroprevalence of HIV infection among inpatients of a psychiatric institution and determine their risk status. METHODS--Serum and clinical information from 241 in-patients of an 130 bed Hospital Psiquiatrico da Agua Funda, Sao Paulo, Brazil were obtained at two different periods (June 1989 and A
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:177 (abstract no. PuC 8145)
Moore M, Tukwasiibwe E, Rwekikomo F, Kabasharira N, Marum E; USAID/Kampala.
To develop and use a monitoring system to guide HIV counseling and testing (C&T) services in Kampala, Uganda . METHODS. As part of an evaluation study begun on Feb. 24, 1992 at the AIDS Information Center (AIC), a popular C&T clinic in Kampala, each client is now routinely asked about key demographic
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:177 (abstract no. PuC 8144)
Perini GP, Gomma M, Serpelloni G, Mirandola M, Morgante S, Accordini A; HIV Screening Section, ULSS 25, Verona, Italy.
To verify hepatitis B , C and Delta virus prevalence in two groups of patients examined for Ab anti HIV at the Verona SSH from January 1985 to December 1991. Group 1 (GR1): this group consisted of 2317 drug addicts, 1893 males (81.7%) and 424 females (18.3%) who referred to the Drug Abuse Service.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:176 (abstract no. PuC 8143)
Mintz E; Mintz and Associates, Toronto, Canada.
To determine whether statistical and epidemiologic methods used by the Federal Centre for AIDS (FCA) to measure the extent and trends of the AIDS epidemic in Canada are appropriate. The methods used by the FCA and their appropriateness were examined in detail. This included the us
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:176 (abstract no. PuC 8142)
Minkoves R, Lorenco R, Ferreira M, Ferreira Junior O, Schechtmann M, Schmal M, Ayroza-Galvao P; Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
To study the IVDU behaviors among male prisoners and its association with HIV infection. From January 90 to September 91, 2242 prisoners from two major prisons in Sao Paulo City were voluntarily screened for antibodies against HIV. Four hundred and seven individuals admitted use of IVD in the last 5
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:176 (abstract no. PuC 8141)
Midanik L, Paul J, Crosby M, Stall R; UC Berkeley, School of Social Welfare, CA.
SIGNIFICANCE: Different studies of sexual risk typically use different time periods, most commonly 30 and 90 days. It remains unclear how these varying time frames influence the identification of correlates of sexual risk. We report a comparison of correlates of sexual risk over a 30 and 90-day period within the same i
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:176 (abstract no. PuC 8140)
Mesquita FC, Moss AR, Reingold AL, Bueno RC, Paes GT, Carvalho HB, Ruiz MA; University of California, San Francisco.
To measure HIV antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among IVDUs that inject straight cocaine in the City of Santos. We accessed, interviewed and bled 160 IVDUs in the City of Santos, which has the highest per capita number of AIDS cases in Brasil. The study is ongoing and we will present a larg
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:176 (abstract no. PuC 8139)
Merrick S, Walsh J, McKinley P, Giordano M, Jacobs J; Center for Special Studies, New York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center, NY.
To compare clinical characteristics, incidence of opportunistic infection (OI) and factors affecting length of survival in a heterogeneous population of patients with AIDS. A retrospective analysis of deceased patients (26 M, 24 F) followed in an HIV clinic in New York City during 1988-1991. Charts
To value the HLA Antigens rate in HIV positive patients. HLA A,B,C, Antigens were determined by standard micro-cytotoxicity techniques on 115 HIV seropositive patients (81 drug addicts, 16 homosexual men, 17 heterosexual men and one haemophilic--mean age 29 years). According to CDC 48 patients were
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:175 (abstract no. PuC 8137)
Mejia C, Samcam M, Quinonez E, Zaydee F, Rodas A, Navarro A, Arathoon E, Villatoro E, Ramirez C; Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
The prevalence of HIV antibodies by Elisa was determined in a large group of people in Guatemala City between 1/1990 and 3/1991. Samples were obtained in a prospective, anonymous, voluntary and confidential manner; no one under 18 years of age or not giving a written informed consent was included. Positive tests were c
To investigate the attitudes of parturient women to the decision about whether to accept or decline the HIV antibody test in the antenatal clinic. 88 women randomly selected from 318 who had previously completed questionnaires on attitudes to HIV testing were interviewed at 28-32 weeks of pregnancy.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:175 (abstract no. PuC 8135)
Mbonye KA; Ministry of Health, Uganda.
Two projections involving demographic and HIV epidemiological parameters were carried out for a period of 25 years with 1990 as a base year. Without AIDS mortality, Uganda s population would have more than doubled from 17 million in 1990 to 37 million by year 2015. At the highest estimated scale of the epidemi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:175 (abstract no. PuC 8134)
Lepage C, Sanjuan A, You B, Brahic M, Delagneau JF, Mathiot C; Pasteur Institute, Bangui, Central African Republic.
The question of the significance of indeterminate reactions in HIV Western-Blots (WB) is not resolved. We looked at a possible infection by HIV of African subjects with repetitive indeterminate WB profile, using virus isolation attempt, nested PCR in the GAG region, and a specific ELISA test for anti-p25 an
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:175 (abstract no. PuC 8133)
Manneh KX, Njie RS, Sarr R, Oldfield FS, Oldman B; Pathology Laboratories, Royal Victoria Hospital Banjul, The Gambia.
1) To determine the prevalence of HIV amongst this target groups. 2) To determine the necessity of doing HIV tests routinely for the group. The study was carried out at the Pathology Laboratories, RVH from February to June 1990. All Ante-Natal patients reporting for routine blood tests (Hb, VDRL etc
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:175 (abstract no. PuC 8132)
Mandelbrot L, Henrion R, Firtion G, Henrion-Geant E; Clinique Universitaire Port Royal, Paris, France.
We evaluated the risk of HIV infection among children born to women with HIV-infected partners, who were seronegative at the beginning of pregnancy. 116 seronegative women with HIV-seropositive partners sought pregnancy counseling at our institution between June 1986 and December 1991. 53 were alre
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:174 (abstract no. PuC 8131)
Makiu EJ, Kosia AM, Mansaray N, Thorlie ID, Koker P; National AIDS Control Program Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
To investigate the pattern of sexual behaviour among female sex workers and ascertain their risks in the spread of HIV. A well structured questionnaire was administered to a group of 400 female sex workers selected at random in Freetown. The questionnaire probed the knowledge of the respondents about
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:174 (abstract no. PuC 8130)
Mak R, Baele MT, Plum J; Department of Social Medicine, University of Ghent, Belgium.
Hepatitis B vaccination campaign to promote health* care for prostitutes in an area where no special health care facilities for prostitutes ever existed. A survey among 150 prostitutes in Ghent, Belgium in 1989 assessed the need for health care* especially directed to them. Another fi
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:174 (abstract no. PuC 8129)
Magis CL, Garcia ML, Gonzalez MG, Gonzalez L, Diaz D, Valdespino JL, Sepulveda J; National Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference, Mexico City.
To analyze the first surveys practiced on intravenous drug users (IVDU) in Mexico . The National Sentinel data of males collected in 1990-1991 was revised looking for people having used IVD, also a survey was realized with IVDU prisoners. 290 adult males were studied. The prevalence of IVD
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:174 (abstract no. PuC 8128)
Maccabruni A, Caselli D, Degioanni M, Cerino A, Mondelli M; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, Italy.
To assess the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitic C virus (anti-HCV) among HIV seropositive mother-child pairs to evaluate the possible vertical transmission of HCV and its correlation with a worse prognosis of HIV disease. PATIENTS: 91 HIV seropositive mothers and 100 children (52 O 46 O, 0-11 years old)
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:174 (abstract no. PuC 8127)
Lystad A, Hasseltvedt V, Nilsen O; National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
To describe the Norwegian surveillance system for HIV positive persons and present the results after 6 years of experience. The Department of Infectious Disease Control (DIDC). National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway is in charge of the national surveillance system for HIV positives. HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:174 (abstract no. PuC 8126)
Palacios M, Luna M, Ramirez O, Ramah M, Valdespino JL, Sepulveda J; Ministry of Health, Mexico.
To describe behavioral patterns of male prostitutes in order to design educative intervention strategies focused on the prevention of HIV infection and other STD. Based on socio-anthropological techniques such as profound individual interview. 110 subjects were recruited and interviewed in streets,
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:173 (abstract no. PuC 8125)
Lima M, Cwajg E, Bines J, Silva JG, Correia AC, Nunes GF, Silva JA; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil.
To describe the profile and outcome of AIDS patients attended in an Emergency Care Unit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . This is a prospective study carried out from September 1991 to February 1992. Patients were eligible when they stayed at the hospital more than 1 day. Data concerning inpatient period
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:173 (abstract no. PuC 8124)
Lima M, Rocha M, Tanibata P, Pedro R; Catholic University of Campinas, Brazil.
To evaluate the risk factors for the transmission among heterosexual intravenous (IV) drug users. 105 i.v. drug users, 84 males, 21 females aged between 9 and 54, followed by the infection Diseases Division from the Catholic University of Campinas. A standard interview was made to obtain informatio
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:173 (abstract no. PuC 8123)
Learmont J, Tindall B, Evans L, Cooper DA; NSW Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Australia.
To describe an apparently unique group of blood transfusion recipients, with a single common donor, who have remained asymptomatic, have conserved CD4+ cell counts and persistent absence of p24 antigenaemia an average of seven years following infection. Review of all cases of blood-transfusion acqu
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:173 (abstract no. PuC 8122)
Le Pont F, Costagliola D, Rouzioux C, Valleron AJ; INSERM U263, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
To evaluate the number of distributed infected blood units that would have been excluded by routine P24 antigen screening in blood donations in France and in the USA. Antigen screening was integrated to the simulation model that we previously developed in order to estimate the residual risk of HIV t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:173 (abstract no. PuC 8121)
Landis S, Schoenbach V, Weber D; School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
To evaluate whether HIV-infected patients notify their sex and needle partners. Partner names, locating information, and information on risk behaviors were obtained from consenting HIV-infected patients identified through the HIV-testing programs at three public health departments in NC, USA. Subje
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:173 (abstract no. PuC 8120)
Lackner F; BSPI, Vienna, Australia.
To describe the use of monoclonal antibodies, low titer sera from single donors and pooled sera as controls for quality assessment of HIV 1 and HIV 2 diagnostics. Control sera were analyzed with latest generation HIV 1 & 2 ELISA screening tests, Western blots and peptide tests. Results were com
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:172 (abstract no. PuC 8119)
Kraak V, Utermohlen V, Gallant M; God's Love We Deliver, NY, NY.
Explore the significance of risk factors vs. weight loss in a racially diverse, homebound seropositive population in NYC. Clients applying to receive meals from God s Love We Deliver, a non-profit CBO in NYC, under-go an intake process to qualify. Clients must have a medical condition secondary
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:172 (abstract no. PuC 8118)
Korst LM, Martinez S, Nieves E, Rullan J, Horan J, Diaz T; Centers for Disease Control, Puerto Rico Department of Health.
At 50.0 cases per 100,000, the rate of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Puerto Rico is the second highest in the United States . We used data collected on a standardized form through the Puerto Rico AIDS Surveillance Program from 1988 through 1991 to examine the frequencies of modes of
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:172 (abstract no. PuC 8117)
King A, McLean HE, Osei W, Riben P, Mathias R; Vancouver Health Department, Canada.
To obtain epidemiologic data on serologically confirmed cases of hepatitis A in the City of Vancouver. Questionnaires were mailed to the attending physicians of 174 cases of serologically confirmed hepatitis A (diagnosed by the presence of serum anti-HAV IgM) occurring in Vancouver from April 1, 199
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:172 (abstract no. PuC 8116)
Kim MY, Marmor M, Dubin N, Wolfe H; New York University Medical Center, NY.
To investigate the relations of ethnicity, gender, and intravenous drug use with heterosexual behaviors associated with HIV infection. Subjects were recruited from Bellevue Hospital Center, New York City, during 1986-1989, and interviewed about sexual behaviors and intravenous drug use. Analyses wer
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:172 (abstract no. PuC 8115)
Zekeng L, Ndoumou A, Garcia JM, Kaptue L; U.L.S. BP 155 Yaounde, Cameroon.
To determine the prevalence of HIV infection among TB patients, monitor the trends of HIV and to examine the association between the two infections. All consecutive patients admitted in the Centre Jamot TB clinic and diagnosed as having TB were tested for HIV and treated for TB (an average of 40 pa
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:172 (abstract no. PuC 8114)
Kandaswami J, Padmarajan S, Venkataraman MK, Ganesh R, Sethuraman PG, Ravinathan R; Institute for the study of STDS, Madras Medical College, India.
Ongoing HIV surveillance performed at two major STD clinics of South India (Madras & Madurai) since 1986 to study the natural history of HIV infection. STD clinic attenders were tested for HIV antibody by ELISA and seropositive sera were subjected to Western Blot for confirmation. Among
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:171 (abstract no. PuC 8113)
Kalichman AO, Gianna MC, Seabra NJ, Teixeira PR, Barbieri DD; Secretaria de Estado da Saude, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
To study the impact of IVDU as an important factor of changing in the profile of the AIDS epidemics in SPS. All the reported AIDS cases in SPS from 1980 to DEZ. 1991 are analysed divided in three time periods A (80-87), B (87-90), C (91) and distributed by gender, age and selected risk situation (RS
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:171 (abstract no. PuC 8112)
Kaldor J, Tindall B, Thackway S, McNally L, Zaunders J, Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, Australia.
To investigate risk factors for new HIV seroconversion in men who have had homosexual contact, using a case-control design. St Vincent s Hospital carries out HIV antibody testing for a large number of general practices and clinics in central Sydney. Cases were men reporting homosexual contact who we
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:171 (abstract no. PuC 8111)
Jurg A, Tomas T, Dgedge A, Green EC; Dept. of Traditional Medicine, MOH, Maputo, Mozambique.
The standard approach to reducing the spread of AIDS is through preventive education focusing on restricting the number of partners and using condoms. More recently, trying to reduce the incidence of STDs was added, since they are the co-factors in the spread of HIV infection in Africa. As most STD cases ar
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:171 (abstract no. PuC 8110)
Joshi SH, Patil RS, Chipkar SS, Apte SV;
1) To determine the seroprevalence of HIV 1 and 2 in Bombay. (2) To identify the most common route of transmission of infection. (3) To determine the prevention strategy. Individuals with initial reactive Elisa belonging to various risk groups like sexually promiscuous, professional blood donors-re
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:171 (abstract no. PuC 8109)
Johnston J, Cameron S, Emslie J, Fletcher C, Stewart MJ, Follett E, Goldberg D, Smyth B; Biochemistry Department, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland.
Most HIV-testing projects have been conducted in high risk groups. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of carrying out an anonymous testing programme and to establish a baseline seroprevalence in a more general population, against which changes over time can be assessed in any future conti
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:171 (abstract no. PuC 8108)
Johnson M, Holt E, Desormeaux J, Coberly J, Clermont M, Losikoff P, Quinn T, Atkinson J, Boulos R, Halsey N, et al; Johns Hopkins Univ., Balto., MD.
To compare serum beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) levels and CD4 counts and percentages in HIV infected persons with and without active tuberculosis (TB). Adults attending outpatient clinics in Cite Soleil, Haiti with active TB were compared with HIV seropositive persons without TB. Lymphocyte phenotypin
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:170 (abstract no. PuC 8107)
Jevremovic I, Canic T, Ilic V, Zakula N, Pekler P, Dunjic V, Radovanovic Z; Faculty of Med., Belgrade.
To understand behavioural pattern and attitudes of inhabitants of Belgrade who contracted a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Patients with a fresh episode of STD, as diagnosed in the Belgrade s STD Clinic over a 4.5 months period (20/9/1991 to 4/2/1992), were offered an interview. Anonymity was g
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:170 (abstract no. PuC 8106)
Jackson L, Highcrest A, Millson P, Calzavara L; Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Toronto, Can.
To compare the sexual behaviour questions asked on three different questionnaires assessing prostitutes unsafe sexual practices. Three questionnaires which ask questions about prostitutes sexual contacts with clients, short-term casual partners and long-term partners were compared (A WHO questionna
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:170 (abstract no. PuC 8105)
Ibambsi J; Africa Inland Church, Medical Services, Mwanza.
I. Activities carried to reduce AIDS/HIV spread in rural areas. II. We have Identified influential people and trained them about AIDS and have shouted about the disease to bring a sound model of change in the rural areas since we are still in the research; we expect a reduction of HIV i
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:170 (abstract no. PuC 8104)
Huscroft S, Baker C, Morris R, Firpo R; Los Angeles Juvenile Court Health Services.
To monitor the changes in the incidence of HIV seropositivity in incarcerated adolescents in Los Angeles County Juvenile Halls and to determine any changes in demographics of the HIV+ minors. Three HIV seroprevalence studies were conducted over a six year period. In Los Angeles County, 20,000 minor
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:170 (abstract no. PuC 8103)
Hunt A, Weatherburn P, Davies PM, Hickson F, Coxon AP, McManus TJ; South Bank Polytechnic, London, UK.
AIM: To monitor changes in sexual behaviour, and in particular of anal intercourse, among a cohort of gay and bisexual men in England and Wales between 1987 and 1991. 350 men were interviewed in 1987 and again in 1991 using a detailed questionnaire about their sexual practices and lifestyles. The men were recr
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:170 (abstract no. PuC 8102)
Ferre Aubineau V, Huart A, Raffi F, Besse B, Billaudel S; Laboratory of Virology, CHU, Nantes, France.
To compare the relative sensitivity for HIV DNA amplification with three different primer pairs, SK38/39, P3/4 and SK68/69, respectively localised on gag, pol and env regions of HIV DNA provirus. A 30 blood samples panel from seropositive patients at different stages of the disease (from seroconvers
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:169 (abstract no. PuC 8101)
Holmstrom P, Valle SL, Suni J; Aurora Hosp., Helsinki, Finland.
To define the association of HIV and HBV markers among HIV-negative (-) and HIV-positive (+) homo/bisexual men (HOS) in Finland . 310 HOS who were initially enrolled into a prospective follow-up study during 1983-1990. HIV- and HBc-antibodies as well as HBs-antigen were determined by ELISA and HIV-s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:169 (abstract no. PuC 8100)
Hermann W; Self help network of drug users JES, Berlin, Germany.
To bypass restrictive methadone substitution and introduce a second oral Heroin substitution treatment to IVDUs which is no concern of narcotic law and which as liquid solution is four times cheaper than industrial Codeine products. In regard to HIV/AIDS prevention does the oral liquid Codeine treatment qualify
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:169 (abstract no. PuC 8099)
Heimer R, Kaplan EH, Jariwala B, Cadman EC; School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
To evaluate the success of the needle exchange program (NEP) operated by the City of New Haven in decreasing the transmission rate of HIV infection. The NEP distributes labeled, non-detachable syringes with needles exchanged on a 1-for-1 basis, and all the exchanges are tracked. Coupled to the trac
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:169 (abstract no. PuC 8098)
Heikel J, Baris E; Interdisciplinary Research Group in Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal.
The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of difference in the evolution of the clinical profile in patients with or without AIDS-related malignancies. A more thorough description of the clinical traits could help better predict the change in the course of the disease and therefore plan the therape
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:169 (abstract no. PuC 8097)
Guerci M, Tosetto C, Di Palma F, La Sala S, Zeroli C, Battaglia A, di Circolo H, Ponte H;
This research goal is to observe the relation between HCVAb and HIVAb seroconversion and to study in HIV positive group the presence of HCVAb related to integrity of immune-response. We observed 138 drug-abusers. A screening for HCVAb, HIVAb and Lymphocytic sub-populations was set up at the beginni
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:169 (abstract no. PuC 8096)
Griffiths P, Gossop M, Powis B, Strang J; Drug Transition Study, National Addiction Centre, London, UK.
There are marked variation in the seroprevalence rates among drug injectors in different geographical locations. This is true both within and between countries. This study looks at rates of HIV infection among 400 heroin users in the London area, recruited by privileged access int
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:168 (abstract no. PuC 8095)
Green J, Arno P; New York University Med. Center/School of Medicine, NY.
Incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS has grown dramatically in New York since the early 1980 s. We examined the impact of these intersecting epidemics on hospital resources. New York hospital discharge data for 1983-1990 were scanned for cases with diagnoses of HIV-related illness and TB (HIV/TB
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:168 (abstract no. PuC 8094)
Gray L, Harding A; Oregon State University, Corvallis.
To update ethical/legal guidelines and professional policies regarding HIV and confidentiality in order to provide a clear understanding of the limitations involved in psychotherapy. The authors published an initial 1988 landmark article on confidentiality limits with clients who are diagnosed with
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:168 (abstract no. PuC 8093)
Gopalakrishnan B, Durairaj VS, Mallika J, Jayapaul K, Meeran M, Ravinathan R; Institute for the study of STDs, Madras Medical College, India.
Serological study performed to assess and monitor the prevalence of HIV infection among the suburban population of TAMILNADU. Patients attending the mobile clinics were tested for HIV antibody by ELISA. Western Blot was used to confirm the seropositivity. Upto December 1991 there were 8116
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:168 (abstract no. PuC 8092)
Magis CL, Garcia ML, Valdespino JL, Gonzalez GM, Gonzalez F, Del rio A, Sepulveda J; National Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference, Mexico.
Data from the Mexican national AIDS registers from 1981 to December 1991 and of the Centers for Disease Control HIV/AIDS surveillance report of U.S. AIDS cases reported through October 1991 were analyzed. The Mexican-USA border has 62.6 million inhabitants ( Mexico 13.1 - USA 49.5). The general preval
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:168 (abstract no. PuC 8091)
Gomez CA, Marin BV, Tschann JM; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
To describe condom use and its predictors in Hispanic men with multiple female sexual partners. In nine states of the U.S. with high proportions of Hispanics, a stratified clustered random telephone sampling strategy was used to identify Hispanic households. Interviews of 968 Hispanic males, aged 18
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:168 (abstract no. PuC 8090)
Gnarini R, Izzo E, Perrella O, Guidetti E, Caruso I, Liberti A, Soscia M; Gruppo C, U.S.L. 41, Naples, Italy.
OBJECT: The screening section (Group C) is concerned with the anonymous recruitment of high risk subjects and, most of all, with the spread of the HIV virus. The methodology used is the recruitment in anonymity (in addition to the typical risk categories) of heterosexuals interested in having their seroimmunol
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:167 (abstract no. PuC 8089)
Giuliani M, Suligoi B; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Centro Operativo AIDS, Rome, Italy.
To obtain a more detailed description of the influence STDs among the immigrant population on the Italian public health situation. Data on the clinical and behavioral characteristics and HIV status of the 849 foreigners reported to the National STD Surveillance System, from September 1990 to Septem
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:167 (abstract no. PuC 8088)
Gillis JR, Meyer-Bahlburg HF, Exner T; HIV Center, N.Y. State Psych. Instit., NY.
To compare the predictive ability of a recently formulated model of sexual risk behavior specific to HIV transmission, the AIDS Risk Reduction Model (ARRM), with two older models of health behavior, the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and the Health Beliefs Model (HBM). Participants were 115 HIV+ a
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:167 (abstract no. PuC 8087)
Ghadirian P, Morisset R, Osborne ME; Unite de Recherche Clinique et de Traitement du Sida de l'Hotel-Dieu, Montreal (FRSQ-Universite de Montreal), Canada.
A total of 5294 adult male and 289 females AIDS subjects have been diagnosed in Canada until december 31, 1991, indicating a male:female ratio of 18.3, ranging from 4.7 in pre-1983 to 24.9 in 1990. The total number of adult AIDS cases diagnosed in Quebec for the same period of time was 1622 males and 179 females giving
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:167 (abstract no. PuC 8086)
Gertig D, Crofts N; Macfarlane Burnet Centre (MBC), Fairfield, Australia.
Many countries use surveillance of testing for HIV-1 to monitor the HIV epidemic but few collect detailed information on the population being tested. A laboratory-based surveillance program which provides epidemiological data on all HIV tests performed has been established in the state of Victoria (popula
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:167 (abstract no. PuC 8085)
Malliaraki N, Smirlaki M, Fountouli M, Karvela-Agelakis A, Liakou K, Tsatsaki D, Kotsaki S, Malliaraki-Pinetidou E, Georgoulias V; School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
To evaluate the infectious state of subjects displaying anti-gag antibodies detected during the screening of low risk populations. Anti-gag antibodies were detected by reactivity on recombinant p24 (Ortho and Inno-lia) as well as synthetic peptides using either Western-blot or EIA. The infectious s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:167 (abstract no. PuC 8084)
Fountouli P, Tsatsaki D, Bokogiorgou S, Smirlaki M, Agelaki A, Liakou K, Kotsakis S, Malliaraki-Pinetidou E, Georgoulias V; School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
To determine the specificity of anti-gag antibodies in low risk subjects and to evaluate the possibility of an abortive HIV infection. Sera with indetermined W.B. were analysed on synthetic peptides covering the whole a.a. sequences of p 24 and nef protein by EIA. More than 40% of HIV+ ser
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:166 (abstract no. PuC 8083)
Gasparini A, Fillion D, Cameron DW; Dept. of Medicine, U. of Ottawa, Ottawa General Hospital AIDS Clinic, Ontario, Canada.
To measure the prevalence of unprotected sexual intercourse with respect to HIV acquisition risk group in women with HIV. Women presenting to the Ottawa General Hospital Regional HIV Clinic since 1985 had standard nursing and medical evaluation including risk group and behaviour assessment at present
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:166 (abstract no. PuC 8082)
Gangakhedkar RR, Apte SV; Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Bombay, India.
Promoting use of condoms with other more effective method of contraception is the only practical alternative presently in India--riddled with population explosion and AIDS. Only 4.5% eligible couples use condoms reflecting poor acceptance. Hence study was undertaken to identify the barriers for devising app
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:166 (abstract no. PuC 8081)
Crovari P, De Rosa MG, Donnini R, Gaino M, Lo Monaco R, Marchetto E, Valente M, Wicks R; Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Genoa University, Italy.
To assess whether self-exclusion and health education campaigns allowed to reduce the number of subjects at risk that resort to blood donations in order to learn about their anti-HIV serological conditions. Since June 1985, all the Immunotransfusion Services of the region have been screening blood
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:166 (abstract no. PuC 8080)
Cuneo CP, Donnini R, Ermiglia ML, Gabutti G, Gaino M, Melica F, Yakubovich A; Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Genoa University, Italy.
To continue the epidemiological surveillance of HIV spreading among both full-term pregnant women and females who resort to an abortion in Liguria, Italy . The seroprevalence study, started in 1990 (Cuneo Crovari et al. 1992), has been continued through 1991 involving Obstetrics and Gynecology Depa
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:166 (abstract no. PuC 8079)
Fullerton SC, Mathews WC; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
To estimate Toxoplasma antibody seroprevalence among HIV infected patients receiving routine medical care using data from hospital administrative and laboratory databases. We conducted a retrospective analysis using computerized administrative and laboratory databases, supplemented by selected chart
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:166 (abstract no. PuC 8078)
Frischer M, Green S, Goldberg D; Communicable Diseases Unit, Glasgow, Scotland.
To estimate the total number of HIV infected injecting drug users (IDUs) in Glasgow, the number of current IDUs who are infected, the annual mortality rate among HIV infected IDUs and the likely number of new infections per year. Data from studies on prevalence of injecting drug use and incidence an
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:165 (abstract no. PuC 8077)
Francois EM; Ghana Home Economics Association, Accra.
To investigate the effect of poverty as against promiscuity in the spread of HIV/AIDS pandemic and ignorance which enables medical personnel to cover up the incidence of accidents and negligence. Collection of information from the mass media. Interviews of random sampled HIV/AIDS patients, medical
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:165 (abstract no. PuC 8076)
Fisher E, Hayashi H, Mokotoff E, Henry R, Farnum C, Frasier K; Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI.
Review persons with HIV (P) in our institution (urban private (pvt) hospital with urb/suburb clinics) re (1) S after NA vs OA vs less than 50 CD4; and (2) demographic (demo) differences in S in P where majority (2/3) have pvt. health insurance (ins). Retrospective review of charts and health dept. d
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:165 (abstract no. PuC 8075)
Fintor L, Howell G, Stearns P; US Public Health Service, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
In the United States , the national rate of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) has risen dramatically (more than 50%) among men 20-54 years old over the last decade. According to U.S. National Cancer Institute s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, reported NHL incidence has risen 640 percent in the ci
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:165 (abstract no. PuC 8074)
Bricolo R, Lugoboni P, Venturini L, Manara F, Fibbia G, Mezzelani P; Institute of Clinica Medica, University of Verona, Italy.
To evaluate the annual incidence of HIV seroconversion in a cohort of injecting drug users (IDUs) followed for 6 years. PATIENTS AND We tested (with Elisa test) every 3-6 months 85 IDUs proved HIV seronegative at the first screening in the Center for Drug Addicts of Bussolengo (Verona) in the year
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:165 (abstract no. PuC 8073)
Ferri F, Falciano M, Ajassa C, Vullo V, Missori R, Macedonio A, Bergami N, Turbessi G; Institute of Infectious Disease, University La Sapienza, Roma.
Particular attention is given to the accidental exposure of health care workers with biological material deriving from HIV infected patients. At the Institute of Infectious Diseases of the University of Rome La Sapienza , 82 health care workers (29 medical doctors, 41 nurses, 12 hospital attendants
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:165 (abstract no. PuC 8072)
Ferreira A, Arevalo E, Fernandes ME, Goihman S, Hearst N; S. Paulo AIDS State Program, State Depart. of Health, Brazil.
To determine the frequency of HIV infection among drug users in association to sexual behaviors in Sao Paulo, Brazil . A total of 306 drug users were recruited from September 91 to January 92: 153 individuals were recruited in Drugs Rehabilitation Clinics and 153 were recruited in the streets. A sta
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:164 (abstract no. PuC 8071)
Fernandez E, Taborda M, Lorenzo L, Rojkin F, Fernandez A, Fay O; Wiener Lab., Rosario, Argentina.
Evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of commercial kits for the HIV antibodies detection, using a sera panel from HIV infected patients from Rosario area, Argentina . MATERIAL AND The commercial kits studied were: EIA: Du Pont, Wiener (culture antigen), Abbott, Cambridge B. (recombinant antigen)
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:164 (abstract no. PuC 8070)
Fernandez M, Herrera G, Monge E, Sanabria A; Department of AIDS Control, Ministry of Health, Costa Rica.
To detect changes on the HIV infection pattern among adults in Costa Rica . Analysis of clinical histories of HIV/AIDS cases 15 years old and older, reported to the AIDS Control Department (ACD). By December 1991 a total of 670 HIV/AIDS cases, were reported to the ACD, 301 were AIDS cases. A
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:164 (abstract no. PuC 8069)
Unda RF, Feliciano C, Ofosu-Barko K, Suarez A, Kouri Y; San Juan AIDS Institute, Puerto Rico.
1) determine the impact on improvement of general knowledge of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STD s); 2) assess past and current drug use, type of drug used, and route of administration among clients; 3) determine the prevalence of needle sharing among intravenous drug users (IVDU); 4) Identify the
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:164 (abstract no. PuC 8068)
Fast PE, Balsley JF, McNamara J, Rida WN, Rodriguez E, Vermund S; Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
Definition of appropriate populations for HIV vaccine efficacy trials. DISCUSSION: Ideal subjects for efficacy trials are easily identified and compliant, with a high incidence of infection. Infants of HIV-infected women may be such a population. HIV-1 is transmitted perinatally at a rate of 10-30% or higher. If
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:164 (abstract no. PuC 8067)
Evans BG, Wright A, Knight FR; PHLS AIDS Centre, London.
To estimate the under-reporting of AIDS cases in England and Wales. The data sources used were; 1) death entries (death certificates); 2) opportunistic infection reports and reports from reference facilities; 3) local validation exercises; 4) HIV-1 infection reports where the symptom information sug
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:164 (abstract no. PuC 8066)
Hailegnaw E; National Research Institute of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
To determine the trends of the AIDS epidemic in Ethiopia and factors affecting it. Pertinent information about war, poverty and AIDS in Ethiopia were gathered from international and national reports, as well as aggregated data from scientific journals and reports of the Ethiopian Ministry of Health.
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:163 (abstract no. PuC 8065)
Elghouzzi MH, Ferrer-le-Coeur F, Courouce AM, Jullien AM, Rannou C, Beige D; Fondation Nationale de Transfusion Sanguine, Les Ulis, France.
To determine the difference of HTLV-I transmission determinants between 3 ethnic groups of antibodies HTLV I/II positive blood donors living in Paris area. The blood donations were screened by Elisa Organon Teknika. When Elisa was repeatedly positive, Western-Blot was used to confirm HTLV-I infecti
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:163 (abstract no. PuC 8064)
Efremova E, Trubcheninova L, Glushchenko M, Khaitov R; Institute of Immunology, Moscow, Russia.
Ratio of antibodies (AB) to HIV-1-prognostic proteins at HIV-1-infected patients sera immunoblot (IB) titration was used for HIV infection course forecasting. Antibodies to the certain HIV-1 proteins level dynamics were investigated in the Soviet Antigen-blot IB system and in license Du Pont Western
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:163 (abstract no. PuC 8063)
Edgington R, du Plessis M, Chang H; Clean Needles Now, AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power, Los Angeles, California.
ISSUE ADDRESSED: We have established a needle exchange program that involves the tracing and tagging of needles and syringes. Our immediate aim is to slow the spread of HIV in a city where needle exchange is illegal and which has at least 120,000 injection drug users. Our long-term goal is treatment on demand and to de
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:163 (abstract no. PuC 8062)
Donoghoe MC, Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, University of London, England.
To examine differences in anti-HIV status in London injecting drug users (IDUs) according to treatment and testing history. Between June and November 1990, 534 IDUs surveyed in London using structured questionnaire as part of WHO collaborative study of HIV prevalence and risk behaviour. Multi-site
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:163 (abstract no. PuC 8061)
Dominguez A, Barrabeig I, Capdevila JM, Sanz B, Benet J, Taberner J;
The purpose of the study is to investigate the prevalence of condylomata acuminata in patients attended in STD centres and the relation between the association of condylomata acuminata and HIV infection in these patients. Epidemiological inquiries made from January 1990 to December 1991 in patients
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:163 (abstract no. PuC 8060)
Christiansen CB, Scheibel E, Dickmeiss E, Ryder LP, Morling N, Svejgaard A; Dept. of Clin. Immunol., State University Hospital, Denmark.
A HIV-1 seropositive cohort of 50 danish haemophiliacs has been followed regularly since 1987, and all HIV related events and pharmacological treatments were registered. Immunological parameters were measured throughout the study and the prognostic values of the parameters at entrance are considered. In the observation
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:162 (abstract no. PuC 8059)
Di Risio F, Tezanos Pinto E, Campaniucci M, Vernava A, Perez Bianco D, Perez B; IIHEMA Acad. Nac. de Med., Buenos Aires, Argentina.
To evaluate the relationship between HIV infection and HCV in pediatric hemophilic patients. 136 hemophilic patients born between 1978 and 1991 were screened for HIV and HCV antibodies (Ab) by ELISA (Abbott recombinant for HIV and 2o generation for HCV). HIV (+) samples were confirmed by ENVACORE (A
PURPOSE: To examine the change in CD4 lymphocytes and beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) levels in infants born to HIV seropositive and seronegative women. Haitian infants were enrolled at birth and followed monthly. Lymphocyte subsets were measured every 3 months and sequential B2M levels were measured in a random sa
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:162 (abstract no. PuC 8057)
Demeulemeester R, Nadal JM, Patris C, Thiaudiere C; Ministry of Health, Paris, France.
1. Construction of a scenario to assess evolution of number, demographic and epidemiologic characteristics, medical and social problems and needs of HIV infected persons, at a national and a regional level, between 1990 and 1993. 2. To contribute to a programming system of health care and resource allocatio
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:162 (abstract no. PuC 8056)
DeLong D; Genetic Systems, Redmond, WA.
To evaluate the performance of Genetic Systems HIV-1/HIV-2 EIA when testing whole-blood specimens collected on filter paper from normal, unknown risk, and high risk populations. Whole-blood-spot specimens were collected on filter paper from 2943 normal neonates, 1273 adults of unknown risk, 125 high
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:162 (abstract no. PuC 8055)
Delgado IA, Padilla B, Gomez J, Wilhelmi I, Canedo T, Elviro J; Hospital Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.
The serological markers of 265 IDA (206 males and 59 females, mean age 24 +/- 5) studied in the year 1990 and the follow up during the same year and 1991 are presented. In our country IDA are the most important risk group for HIV infection. We study the association of HIV infection with
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:162 (abstract no. PuC 8054)
Maccabruni A, Degioanni M, Caselli D, Calderon W, Tinelli M; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, Italy.
Ninety-six HIV seropositive children were followed prospectively in our Clinic from January 1984 to November 1991. Twenty-eight of these were studied during the last two years together with their mothers (18 drug addicts, 9 heterosexuals and 1 transfused). The aim of our study was to assess whether the natural history
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:161 (abstract no. PuC 8053)
Defer C, Descamps F, Dupressoir MV, Maniez-Montreuil M; Centre Regional de Transfusion Sanguine, Lille, France.
To resolve using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) the serological status of blood donors who are HTLV positive on ELISA and HTLV indeterminate on Western-blot (WB) assay. More than one hundred blood donors who were repeatedly reactive HTLV I EIA, were studied. Among these donors, 7 patterns of inderm
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:161 (abstract no. PuC 8052)
Declich S, Elmslie T; Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Ottawa, Canada.
To develop an index to measure the potential risk of becoming infected with HIV through sexual behaviour among heterosexual males. Heterosexuals are the largest susceptible group for HIV infection in Western countries and, then, for the potential spread of the epidemic to the general population. Se
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:161 (abstract no. PuC 8051)
DeBoer M, O'Campo P, Faden R, Gielen A, Kass N, Anderson J;
We conducted this research to explore the questions of whether women who have only one partner different in their practice of risky behaviors from women with more than one sexual partner and whether women s STD/HIV risk protective behaviors were the same across partners or whether these practices differed b
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:161 (abstract no. PuC 8050)
Sousa AQ, Broutet N, Pordeus Junior I, Cordeiro C, Pontes A; Hospital Sao Jose.
Considering that the most important factor in AIDS prevention is information, we designed a project to meet 4 goals: 1) disseminate information; 2) motivate prevention; 3) decrease AIDS discrimination and 4) increase participation in AIDS projects. The OPEN UNIVERSITY (OU) is
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:161 (abstract no. PuC 8049)
De Angelis D, Gilks WR, Day NE, Gore SM, McGee MA; MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, U.K.
To estimate the quarterly number of AIDS cases diagnosed in England and Wales, but not yet reported to the Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC), and assess the accuracy of these estimates. Using data for all cases reported to CDSC through the end of September 1991, two approaches are inv
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:161 (abstract no. PuC 8048)
Davies P, Feldman R; University of Essex, Colchester, U.K.
To examine the patterns of sexual behaviour and social organisation of male sex-workers in the cities and towns of South Wales. Interviews were carried out with 81 sex-working men recruited after a period of ethnographic field-work. The interviews included free-response and pre-coded questions on s
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:160 (abstract no. PuC 8047)
Curtis H; British Medical Association Foundation for AIDS, London, UK.
HIV prevention workers are increasingly interested in broader aspects of sexual health. This raises ethical issues. Review of UK experience shows a repeated cycle of alarm then complacency about heterosexual risks and denial by sectors of the mass media. Experts respond by recomme
Analyse the frequency of indeterminate Western blots (WB) for antibodies to HIV in women attending a Family Planning (FPC) and an Antenatal Clinic (ANC) in Lisbon and assess serially the clinical condition, immunological status and epidemiological data of women with such indeterminate WB. Blood samp
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:160 (abstract no. PuC 8045)
Costigliola P, Ricchi E, Chiodo F; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Bologna, Italy.
OBJECTIVE--The aim of the study was to evaluate the adoption of sexual preventive measures by heterosexual partners after a specific counseling. METHODS--From 1985 to 1990, we have examined 241 heterosexuals which have had a stable relationship with a subject discovered to be HIV Ab + ve. All subjects at the time of HI
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:160 (abstract no. PuC 8044)
Cordiali P, Giglio A, Pietravalle M, Gandolfo GM, Gentili G, Ameglio F, Caprilli F; San Gallicano Institute, Rome, Italy.
The evolution of HIV-infection can be monitored by serum level modifications of different variables, characterizing the various stages of this syndrome. By the opposite, very little is known of these modifications during the early events of infection, just after the seroconversion. 16 recently seroconverted subjects (h
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:160 (abstract no. PuC 8043)
Cooper EB; American Civil Liberties Union, AIDS Project, New York, NY.
To examine the legal and public policy principles surrounding proposals to mandatorily test newborns. The perceived tension lies between the need to get newborns into care/prophylaxis and the right of the mother to consent to testing of the baby, which reveals the serostatus of both parties. DESCRIPTION
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:160 (abstract no. PuC 8042)
Nikolaeva I, Nirapathpongporn A, Gibson J, Ross S, Chaloupka K, Coombs RW, Krieger JN; University of Washington, Seattle.
In previous studies we found that HIV cDNA was associated with the cellular fraction of semen in 80% of culture-positive specimens. Vasectomy eliminates sperm and reduces leukocytosis in the ejaculate and thus may decrease the sheding of HIV in semen. To test this hypothesis, we determined the effect of vase
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:159 (abstract no. PuC 8041)
Cruccu V, Scolari N, Villa A, Confalonieri F; 3. Med. Dept., Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan, Italy.
To compare the trend of the immunologic status in a HIV positive intravenous heroin drug users (IDU) group and in a HIV positive no IDU group. Group 1: 28 HIV+ IDU (22 m and 6 f; mean age 33 +/- 5), who were infected very probably by needle-syringe exchange. Group 2: 21 HIV+ subjects (8 m and 13 f;
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:159 (abstract no. PuC 8040)
Villa A, Cruccu V, Pedretti D, Confalonieri F; 3. Med. Dept., Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Longitudinal study of the lymphocyte subsets in HIV- intravenous drug users (IDU) on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and in HIV- IDU still heroin users. Group 1: 11 HIV- IDU (9 m and 2 f; mean age 37 +/- 41), in MMT at the Servizio Tossicodipendenti , Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan; no one
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:159 (abstract no. PuC 8039)
Cochran SD, Mays VM; California State Univ, Northridge.
U.S. research on sexual orientation disclosure to health care providers suggests that many homosexually sexually active White males seek and receive medical care without revealing same-sex sexual behavior to their provider. Findings from a study of Black lesbians suggest that Blacks may also be reluctant to
To discuss the continuous reproducible different results on the two methods namely:Welcozyme HIV Recombinant for HIV1&2 (using Titertek multiskan mcc/340 reader) and Dupont HIV check.2. To discuss the sensitivity, specificity and the technique of the two methods 3. To discuss the relationship of these t
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:159 (abstract no. PuC 8037)
Chiodo F, Ricchi E, Di Bari MA, Costigliola P; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Bologna, Italy.
To evaluate the possible correlation between pregnancy and HIV infection in 49 HIV Ab + ve women which have had a full-term delivery. In our study, we evaluated 49 women with HIV infection (42 with past or present history of drug abuse, 6 stable partners of HIVAb + ve males, and 1 coming from
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:159 (abstract no. PuC 8036)
Galli RA, Fearon M, Castriciano S, Mahony J, Chernesky M; Ontario Ministry of Health Laboratory, Canada.
A collaborative study was conducted in 2 Canadian laboratories to measure the performance characteristics of a recombinant HIV-1/HIV-2 EIA ( Abbott Laboratories , North Chicago, USA) and a synthetic peptide-based HIV-1/HIV-2 EIA (IAF Biochem, Montreal, PQ., Canada ). Serum/pla
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:158 (abstract no. PuC 8035)
Chamaret S, Cohen J, Ingrand D, Urnovitz HB, Montagnier L; Viral Oncology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
To further evaluate two individuals with indeterminate or atypical HIV serologic reactions by testing for HIV antibodies in samples of their urine. A microplate ELISA (Calypte Biomedical) was used to detect HIV envelope-specific antibody in undiluted urine samples. Diagnostics Pasteur ELISA using H
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:158 (abstract no. PuC 8034)
Cervia JS, Lipowski M, Mortillaro A, Glatt AE;
A 615 bed suburban county teaching hospital offered HIV counseling and testing to all postpartum women with less than five prenatal visits. Such patients have been shown elsewhere to be at high risk of HIV infection. Data analyzed three months after beginning the initiative (study period) were comp
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:158 (abstract no. PuC 8033)
Cayla J, Marco A, Bedoya A, Guerrero R, Garcia J, Martin V, Jansa JM; Municipal Institute of Health, Barcelona.
To determine which factors could differentiate AIDS patients according to whether or not they had histories of prison internment. This study includes AIDS cases detected in Barcelona city residents between 1981 and March 31, 1991. Our AIDS register lists cases communicated by physicians and those fo
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:158 (abstract no. PuC 8032)
Castilla Catalan J, Inigo Martinez J, Tello Anchuela O; Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Madrid, Spain.
To establish the repercussion of AIDS in Spain , in terms of potential-years of life lost (PYLL), in comparison with other causes of death. MATERIAL AND The number of deaths in Spain between 1975 and 1987 due to major causes was obtained from death records and the annual number of AIDS patients--dea
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:158 (abstract no. PuC 8031)
Caselli D, Maccabruni A, DeiCas A, Michelone G, Revello MG, Degioanni M; Department of Pediatrics, University, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
CMV is considered one possible cofactor for progression of HIV infection, resulting from mutual enhancement of viral replication. So the combination of CMV and HIV congenital infection might be at high risk for aggressive disease. We report the clinical and laboratory outcome of a child with proved congenital HIV and
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:158 (abstract no. PuC 8030)
Magnani G, Avanzi M, Calzetti C, Degli AA, Pasetti GC, Bertazzoni U, Fiaccadori F; Cattedra di Malattie Infettive, Universita di Parma, Italia.
To study the seroprevalence of HTLV I and HTLV II among high risk groups for AIDS and to estimate the outcome of HIV-1 infection in HTLV I and II infected patients. 583 subjects at risk for HIV-1 infection (IVDUs 453, homo-bisexual men 44, heterosexual contacts 57, blood transfused patients 29) have
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:157 (abstract no. PuC 8029)
Cahn P, Perez H, Casiro A, Grinberg N, Muchinik G; Hospital Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
To study progression of HIV disease and determine influence of initial clinical status in outcome. We evaluated 210 HIV+patients (pts.), examined on 6 months bases schedule. Pts. were classified following WHO HIV STAGING SYSTEM PROPOSAL (Stage (ST) 1: Asymptomatic; ST 2: Early disease; ST 3: Interm
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:157 (abstract no. PuC 8028)
Busetti M, D'Agaro P, Comar M, Dal Molin G, Leder D, Moise M, Faruzzo A, Majori L; Inst. of Hygiene, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
To evaluate the prevalence of HIV-1 and HTLVI/II in patients with different risk factors who attended a STD Center. We examined blood specimens from 433 patients who attended a STD Center of a Northeastern Italy region. HIV-1 and HTLVI/II antibodies were detected by ELISA; samples which resulted rea
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:157 (abstract no. PuC 8027)
Leibovici D, Bucouet D; INSERM CJF 88-12, Montpellier, France.
Examine the influence of Sexual ReExposure (SRE) to HIV on the evolution of immunologic descriptors. SRE is measured with our indicator built upon frequencies of condom use by partner type (combination of sex, serostatus and whether regular) repeatedly reported during follow-up (18 months as of now). This S
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:157 (abstract no. PuC 8026)
Britton D, Santiago P; St. Vincent's Hospital & Medical Center of New York, NY.
To establish Health Belief Model (HBM) baseline data among HIV+ youth for time of testing. Baseline was defined as time of HIV test. Perceived Susceptibility, Threat, Benefits, Barriers, & Self-Efficacy were measured by surveys self-administered on-site by all participants (n = 10) of a weekly
Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:157 (abstract no. PuC 8025)
Boudghene-Stambouli O, Merad-Boudia A; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital, Tlemoen, Algeria.
After 35 observations of the chancroid observed in the department of Dermatology and Venereology of the University Hospital of Tlemoen (West Algeria ) from August 1988 to December 1991, we are led to analyze the flare of this sexual transmitted disease. The principal affected subjects are single males no older than 30
