AEGiS-08IAC: Prospective study to compare HIV-1 and HIV-2 perinatal transmission in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.

8th International AIDS Conference


Amsterdam, Netherlands — July 19-24, 1992

Print this Article


Prospective study to compare HIV-1 and HIV-2 perinatal transmission in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.

Int Conf AIDS 1992 Jul 19-24; 8:We57 (abstract no. WeC 1065)
Sibailly TS, Adjorlolo G, Gayle H, Ekpini E, Brattegaard K, Doorly R, Kestens L, Ou CY, George R, De Cock KM; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan.

OBJECTIVES: To compare perinatal transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 and outcome in children born to HIV-1- and HIV-2-positive mothers.

METHODS: Women delivering in an Abidjan maternity were tested for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. HIV-2-positive women and their offspring were followed and compared with HIV-1-positive and seronegative mothers and their infants. CD4 cell counts and CD4/CD8 cell ratios were measured in women, and specimens were collected from children for serologic and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing.

RESULTS: Of 12,750 women tested, 9.5% were reactive to HIV-1, 1.7% to HIV-2, and 1.0% to both viruses. CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 cell ratios were significantly reduced in HIV-1- and to a lesser degree in HIV-2-positives. Mean birth weights of infants of HIV-1- (2961g) and HIV-2-positives (2962g) were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than that of infants of seronegatives (3073g). The infant mortality rate (per 100 child years) to date for seronegative women is 5.5, versus 28.8 for infants of HIV-1- (relative risk 5.5) and 7.6 (difference not significant) for infants of HIV-2-positive women. Specific IgA Western blot and PCR on specimens at 6 months were positive for 7/25 (28%) infants of HIV-1- and 1/34 (3%) infants of HIV-2-positive women (p less than 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: (1) HIV-2 infection in women is associated with immune deficiency and reduced infant birth weight; (2) HIV-2 is less efficiently transmitted from mother to child than HIV-1; (3) infants of HIV-2-infected women have more favorable survival than those born to HIV-1-infected women.

Keywords: AEGIS, HIV-2, HIV-1, Disease Transmission, Vertical, HIV Infections, Prospective Studies, HIV Seropositivity, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Birth Weight, Mothers, Cote d'Ivoire, Human, Female, Child, Infant, transmission, ICA8KWDaegis,hiv-2,hiv-1,diseasetransmission,vertical,hivinfections,prospectivestudies,hivseropositivity,cd4lymphocytecount,polymerasechainreaction,birthweight,mothers,coted'ivoire,human,female,child,infant,transmission,ica8
920719
WeC1065

Copyright © 1992 - International AIDS Society (IAS). Reproduction of this abstract (other than one copy for personal reference) must be cleared through the IAS.