10th International AIDS Conference Yokohama, Japan — Aug 7-12, 1994

Int Conf AIDS 1994 Aug 7-12; 10:46 (abstract no. SS9)
Weiss E, Rao GG; ICRW, Washington, DC.

OBJECTIVE: Women currently constitute approximately 40% of the global total of adult HIV infections worldwide. Current HIV/AIDS risk-reduction strategies (sexual partner reduction, mutual monogamy, consistent condom use, and appropriate treatment for STDs) do not address the broader economic and sociocultural factors within which sexual behavior takes place. In order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how these factors influence women's risk of HIV infection, findings from 17 studies conducted by the Women and AIDS Research Program of the International Center for Research on Women will be presented.

METHODS: In order to provide insights into the realities of women's and men's sexual lives, the studies supported through the Women and AIDS Research Program utilized a variety of qualitative methods, including focus group discussions, individual interviews, sexual life histories, and participant observation.

RESULTS: Data from the studies show that women in a variety of life circumstances are at risk of HIV infection, and face numerous constraints in adopting HIV risk-reduction behaviors. Cultural norms which encourage men to have multiple partner relationships also expect women to be ignorant and passive in sexual interactions. Economic vulnerability not only contributes to women exchanging sex for goods and services, but also prevents them from leaving high-risk sexual relationships.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Policy and program recommendations which emerged from the studies--including the need to develop female-controlled technologies--will be presented.

Copyright © 1994 - International AIDS Society (IAS). Reproduction of this abstract (other than one copy for personal reference) must be cleared through the IAS.