TABLE OF CONTENTS - 11IAC Vancouver 1996

11th International AIDS Conference

Vancouver, British Columbia — July 7-12, 1996

Abstract Numbering & Table of Contents

The abstracts have been given reference numbers as follows:

MoOrA1001
TuPpB2001
WePeC3001
ThOr245
LbOr17

Mo = Monday, Tu = Tuesday, We = Wednesday, Th = Thursday, Lb = Late-Breaker
Or = Oral Abstract Presentation
Pp = Poster Presentation
Pe = Poster Exhibition

Print only abstracts.

The 2,807 printed only abstracts are identified by their special numbering, which begins with a letter A-G (signifying the track) and is followed by a 5 digit number.

Tracks

Track A: Basic Sciences

This track will highlight all aspects related to HIV structure and replication and its regulation as well as host immune responses. Drug discovery, research on vaccines and development of animal models will also be addressed. This track will be of particular interest to laboratory researchers and clinicians involved in basic principles of HIV.

Track B: Clinical Sciences

This track will highlight the characteristics and clinical course of HIV infection and related diseases, the evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, including resistance tests, and the clinical trials and cohort studies which provide the scientific basis for therapeutic interventions and care. This track will be of particular interest to investigators and clinicians participating in clinical research related to HIV-1 infection.

Track C: Epidemiology and Public Health

This track will highlight the description and dynamics of the evolving HIV/AIDS epidemic, the natural history and the burden and impact of HIV infection in the world. Presentations in this track will be based on both observational and experimental studies, as well as on surveillance methods. This track will be of particular interest to public health professionals, academic researchers in epidemiology or related areas, and people using epidemiologic parameters in support of HIV/AIDS programs and policies.

Track D: Social Science, Research, Policy and Action

This track will highlight the design, testing and evaluation of HIV preventive interventions for both HIV- and HIV+ persons, including those interventions addressing early diagnosis, co-factors, and risk and harm reduction. This track will also address methodological and ethical issues in HIV prevention research. This track will be of particular interest to those involved in advancing multidisciplinary (biomedical, behavioral, and social sciences) investigations of HIV prevention.

Cite as: Int Conf AIDS. 1996 Jul 7-12;11:Abstract No. xx

Hematopoietic stem cell based gene therapy for AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. LB.A.6002); Junker U, Plavec I, Bonyhadi M, Baker J, Kaneshima H, Bohnlein E; Systemix, Inc., Palo Alto, CA.; Previously, we and others have demonstrated the anti-HIV efficacy of a dominant-negative Rev mutant (RevM10) in T cell lines and primary T cells. We have further optimized retroviral vectors to maximize expression of the RevM10 gene measured by intracellular FACS analysis and could demonstrate a correlation between Rev
Cyclophilin mediates early events in HIV-1 life cycle via interaction with a putative cyclophilin receptor.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. LB.A.6003); Zybarth G, Dubrovsky L, Bucala R, Ulrich P, Rich D, Cerami A, Sherry B, Bukrinsky M; The Picower Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY. Fax: (516) 365-5090.; Objective: To determine whether viral-associated cyclophilin facilitates HIV-1 entry or uncoating by interacting with a putative cyclophilin binding protein accessible on the surface of target cells. Methods: PBMCs and cell lines were infected with HIV-1 in the presence and absence of excess exogenously added cyclophil
Identification of a molecular mechanism for HIV-1 Vpr-induced G2 cell cycle arrest.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. LB.A.6004); Takaori-Kondo A, de Noronha C, McEntee M, Greene W; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 826-15149826-1817. E-mail: akifumi_takaori-kondo.giv@quickmail.ucsf.edu.; Objective: To delineate the molecular mechanism by which HIV-1 Vpr induces G2 cell cycle arrest. Methods and Results: To identify cellular proteins that might functionally associate with Vpr, a yeast-two hybrid screen was performed using Vpr as bait . One specific Vpr-interacting cellular protein corresponded to the re
Comparison of branched chain DNA and RT-PCR for quantifying six different HIV-1 subtypes in plasma.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. LB.A.6005); Dunne AL, Crowe SM; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield, Australia. Fax: 61 3 9482 6152. E-mail: tolli@burnet.mbcmr.unimelb.edu.au.; Objective: To examine the ability of two commercially available assays to quantify HIV-1 RNA of different genomic subtypes in plasma. Design: The branched chain DNA assay (bDNA; Quintiplex HIV-1, Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA, USA) and the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR; Amplicor Mon
Novel ribonuclease resistant RNA standards for HIV diagnostics.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. LB.A.6006); Pasloske B, DuBois D, Winkler M; Ambion, Inc., Austin, TX. Fax: (512) 445-7139.; Introduction: Quantitative assays (PCR, bDNA, NASBA) for RNA viruses are rapidly increasing in use for both patient management and as markers for the efficacy of antiviral agents in clinical trials. These developments have created a need for well-defined RNA standards for calibrating individual assays for comparing dat
Identification of an A3 family supermotif epitope in HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no. LB.A.6007); Threlkeld SC, Kalams SA, Sette A, Johnson RP, Wilkes B, Ruhle D, Walker BD; MGH, Charlestown, MA. Fax: (617) 726-5411. E-mail: THRELKELDS@Al.mgh.harvard.edu.; Objective: To define CTL epitopes in HIV-1 which can be presented by multiple alleles in the HLA A3 superfamily (HLA3, A11, A31, A68). Methods: Limiting dilution cloning of CD8 cells was performed in HIV-1 infected persons expressing either HLA A3 or A11. HIV-1 specific CTL clones restricted by HLA A3 and A11 were iden
HIV Tat represses HLA-G expression in human trophoblasts.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no. LB.A.6008); Slabiak TM, Lim KH; UCSF, Department of OB/GYN & Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 753-3271. E-mail: GIRL_CLONE@UCSF.EDU.; Objective: To determine the effect of HIV Tat protein on trophoblast HLA-G expression in vitro. Methods: Transient transfections were performed on JEG human choriocarcinoma cells which are known to express the HLA-G molecule. JEG cells are grown to 1x10(6) cells per 60 mm petri dish. We co-transfected 1,2, and 3 microg
HIV-1 gene expression in members of the dendritic cell family depends upon their microenvironment.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no.f LB.A.6009); Tenner-Racz K, von Stemm A, Raschdorff B, Dietrich M, Racz P; Bernhard-Nocht-Institut fur Tropenmedizin, Hamburg, Germany. Fax: 49 60 31182309.; Objective: DCs from peripheral blood support HIV-1 replication in vitro but data concerning the in vivo role of these cells as targets for HIV-1 are controversial and it was therefore our aim to evaluate whether or not members of the dendritic cell (DC) family are productively infected by HIV-1. Methods: Surgical speci
Shortened telomeres in the expanded CD28-CD8+ cell subset in HIV disease implicate replicative senescence in HIV pathogenesis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no. LB.A.6010); Chiu CP, Effros RB, Allsopp R, Hausner MA, Hirji K, Wang L, Harley CB, Villeponteau B, West MD, Giorgi JV; Geron Corporation, Menlo Park, CA. Fax: (415) 473-7750. E-mail: cchiu@geron.com.; Objective: To test the hypothesis that the expanded population of non-proliferative CD28-CD8+ T cells in HIV disease have shortened telomeres, thereby providing evidence that increased rounds of CD8+ cell division occur during HIV disease, possibly leading to replicative senescence and exhaustion of CD8+ T cell respons
"Designer nucleases" with HIV-1 RNA specificity and their use in anti-HIV-1 gene therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. LB.A.6011); Joshi S, Melekhovets YF; Department of Microbiology. University of Toronto, ON, Canada. Fax: (416) 638-1459. E-mail: sadhna.joshi.sukhwal@utoronto.ca.; Objective: An alternative and novel class of molecules that could be used for anti-HIV-1 gene therapy would include designer nucleases that would specifically recognize and cleave HIV-1 RNAs. Such nucleases could be engineered by conferring TAR RNA specificity to an RNase so that they will specifically recognize and cl
High level and stable HIV-1 resistance in CD4+ cells by multi-targeting antisense RNA incorporated into UI snRNA.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. LB.A.6012); Liu D, Donegan J, Kelker N, Nuovo G, Laurence J; Enzo Biochem, Inc., Farmingdale, NY. Fax: (212) 856-0878. E-mail: bet3@cornell.edu.; Objective: To develop high level and stable resistance to HIV-1 in CD4+ cells as a critical step in the development of ex vivo antisense therapy. Methods: We have produced immune cells with stable and high level resistance to HIV-1 by the introduction of an antisense RNA-producing DNA construct. In order to overcome th
Immunogenic profile and efficacy testing in macaques immunized with an avipox/env(SF2) recombinant virus.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. LB.A.6013); De Giuli MC, Gimelli M, Ghioni C, Radaelli A, Teeuwsen V, van Gils M, den Haaft P, Borgers W, Heeney JL; University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Fax: 0039-2-7014637. E-mail: degiuli@imiucca.csi.unimi.it.; Objective: To analyze the immune response of Rhesus macaques immunized with live, non replicating, recombinant Fowlpoxvirus carrying the complete HIV-1(SF2) env gene, and to verify its protective ability. Methods: On the genetic background of Fowlpoxvirus, a live, recombinant vector containing the HIV-1(SF2) env gene h
Anti-HIV properties of Chinese medicinal herb-H.C.X.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. LB.A.6014); Zhou HC, Hudson JB, Lee W; Zhuollen Technology Ltd., New Westminster, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 936-8806.; Objective: To evaluate Chinese Herbal Complex X for anti-HIV activity. Materials: Lonicera japonica; Taraxacum monoglicum; Phellodendron Chinese; Coix lacryma-jobi; Astragalus membranaceus; Boswellia carterii, etc. Methods: The plaque-assays of evaluation of HCX had carried out in virology laboratory, Division of Medic
T-20 and T-1052, novel inhibitors of HIV fusion, block infection of human macrophages by HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. LB.A.6015); Black P, Wood O, Bacho M, Lambert D, Guthrie K, Barney S, Ussery M; U.S.F.D.A., Rockville, MD. Fax: (301) 594-6289. E-mail: blackp@cder.fda.gov.; Objective: To determine the antiviral activity of T-20 and T-1052, novel inhibitors of HIV fusion, in human macrophages. Method: Monocyte/macrophage (MM) cultures were derived from healthy adult human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by adherence to plastic and were maintained in culture with granulocyte-macro
Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in HIV-1 seropositive subjects receiving the HIV-1 immunogen.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:25 (abstract no. LB.A.6016); Moss R, Trauger R, Wallace M, Turner J, Kim YB, Giermakowska W, Savary J, Richieri S, Daigle A, Ferre F, Jensen F, Carlo D; Immune Response Corporation, Carlsbad, CA. Fax: (619) 431-8636. E-mail: shotdoc@imnr.com.; Cellular and humoral immune responses were measured in HIV-1 seropositive subjects receiving gp 120-depleted, inactivated HIV-1 antigen in Incomplete Freund s Adjuvant (HIV-1 Immunogen) during an open-labeled treatment study. Gamma interferon (INFgamma) levels were measurable in 8/13 (62%) subjects constitutively and i
Antiretroviral activity and safety of indinavir (IDV) alone and in combination with zidovudine (ZDV) in ZDV-naive patients with CD4 cell counts of 50-250 cells/mm(3).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:25 (abstract no. LB.B.6017); Suleiman J, Lewi D, Uip D, Pedro R, Suleiman G, Accetturi C, Lima AL, Abreu W, Levi G, Teixeira P, Alencar R, Moraes-Filho JJ, Motti E, Pecoraro ML, Makurath M, Nessly M, Leavitt R; MSD Brazil, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Fax: 55-11-212-6512.; Objectives: To compare the activity and safety of IDV 800 mg q8h vs. ZDV 200 mg q8h vs. IDV+ZDV in ZDV- and protease inhibitor-naive patients with CD4 cell counts between 50 and 250 cells/mm(3). Methods: A prospectively planned preliminary analysis was done on the first 224 patients to be randomized in an ongoing doubl
The role of the general practitioner in prevention of sexually transmitted infections in The Netherlands. Preliminary results of a peer-centered continuous education programme.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:25 (abstract no. LB.B.6018); van Bergen J; Dutch National Society of General Practitioners, Department of Quality Assurance and Continuous Education, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: 31-50-3182432.; Introduction: In March 1994 a project was started in order to integrate continuing education for general practitioners (GP s) about HIV in regular continuing education in the Netherlands . The strategy was to create a network of regional GP s with additional knowledge and interest in the field of prevention and care of
Antiretroviral activity and safety of indinavir (IDV) alone and in combination with zidovudine (ZDV) in ZDV-naive patients with CD4 cell counts of 50-500 cells/mm(3).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. LB.B.6019); Berry P, Kahn J, Cooper R, Chung M, Meibohm A, Arcuri K, Massari F, Chodakewitz J; Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA. Fax: (610) 834-7555.; Objectives: To compare the activity and safety of IDV 800 mg q8h vs. IDV+ZDV in ZDV- and protease inhibitor-naive patients with CD4 cell counts between 50-500 cells/mm(3). Methods: A prospectively planned preliminary analysis was done on the first 266 patients to be randomized in an ongoing double-blind surrogate marke
Utilization of phototherapy and photochemotherapy (UV therapy) for treatment of skin conditions in HIV infection in the U.S.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. LB.B.6020); Beer JZ, Mills DK, Lightfoote MM, Zmudzka BZ, Krell K, Stern RS; Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD. Fax: (301) 594-6775.; Objectives: To determine (a) ultraviolet radiation (UV) modalities used for treatment of skin conditions in HIV infection, (b) the indications for the use of such modalities, and C) HIV-disease stage of the UV-therapy patients (pts). Methods: During 2 two-week periods between late fall 1994 and early spring 1995, data
Rapid viral load decrease in primary infection associated with aggressive therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. LB.B.6021); Workman C, Downie J, Sutherland D, Smith DE, Dyer W, Shen J, Sullivan J; Primary Care Physician, New South Wales, Australia. Fax: 61-2-331-1833. E-mail: lchan@extro.ucc.su.oz.au.; Objective: Recent studies suggest that the viral burden reached at the resolution of primary infection may determine disease outcome. Decreasing the viral burden at this early stage of disease is therefore of potential benefit. Greatest decreases in HIV viral burden have been reported using combinatio
A pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of zidovudine (ZDV) versus placebo in primary HIV infection (DATRI 002): a preliminary analysis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. LB.B.6022); Holodniy M, Niu M, Bethel J, Standiford H, Schnittman S; VA Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA. Fax: (415) 858-3978. E-mail: hf.myh@forsythe.stanford.edu.; Objectives: To assess the role of ZDV initiated during primary HIV infection (PHI), prior to the establishment of chronic infection, and to provide insight into the pathogenesis of PHI. Methods: patients presenting with symptoms were screened for evidence of acute HIV infection; patients with p24 antigenemia and negati
Characteristics and identification of early HIV seroconverters.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. LB.B.6023); Celum C, Buchbinder S, Donnell D, Douglas J, Mayer K, Marmor M, Koblin B, Flores J, Self S, Sheppard HW; Pacific Medical Centre, Seattle, WA. Fax: (206) 621-4582. E-mail: ccelum@u.washington.edu.; Objectives: Pathogenesis and treatment studies on acute HIV infection usually enroll symptomatic seroconverters. To evaluate whether referral-based populations may differ from prospectively-identified unselected seroconverters, we compared seroconverters who sought medical care to those who did not seek care by viral l
HIV-1 RNA quantification by NASBA in matched plasma and cervico-vaginal lavage in HIV seropositive women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. LB.B.6024); Caliendo A, Cu-Uvin S, Costello S, Murphy D, Mayer K, Flanigan T, Carpenter C; Brown University AIDS Program, Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI. Fax: (401) 331-8501.; Objective: To quantitate HIV-1 RNA levels in matched plasma and cervico-vaginal lavage (CVL) specimens from HIV-1 positive women. Methods: Matched plasma and CVL specimens were collected from 22 HIV-1 positive women. HIV-1 RNA was quantitated using the NASBA assay (Organon Teknika). One ml of plasma or CVL was added to
Comparison of two doses of clarithromycin in a randomized trial of four 3-drug regimens for treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease in AIDS: excess mortality associated with high-dose clarithromycin.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. LB.B.6025); Cohen DL, Fisher E, Franchino B, Hodges J, Chestnut J, Child C, Gilbert C, El-Sadr W, Hafner R, Ropka M, Heifets L, Clotfelter J, Munroe D, Caldwell R, Canady K, Horsburgh C; Denver CPCRA, Denver, CO. Fax: (303) 436-7211. E-mail: cohnd@essex.uchsc.edu.; Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of four regimens in treatment (Rx) of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease (DMAC) in patients (pts) with AIDS. Methods: From 3/95 to 2/96, patients with AIDS and DMAC or presumptive DMAC were randomized to receive one of four 3-drug regimens in a factorial desig
Randomized comparative trial of DOXIL vs. Bleomycin and Vincristine in the treatment of AIDS-Related KS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. LB.B.6026); Stewart S, Jablonowski H, Goebel FD, L'Age M, Spittle M, Luthy R; Oncology Department, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 44-171-725-1840. E-mail: simon@dukav.demon.co.uk.; 241 patients with HIV related Kaposi s Sarcoma (KS) were randomized to receive six 3-weekly cycles of either BV-Bleomycin, 15 mg/m(2) and Vincristine 2 mgs (120 patients)or DOXIL-20 mg/m(2) (121 patients). Both groups were well matched for prognostic factors: according to ACTG criteria, Poor Risks KS was seen in 57 (
Microsporidiosis of the cornea in an AIDS patient.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. LB.B.6027); Stool E, Sawyer GS, Gathe J, Green M, Font R, Frazier R, Schrader S; Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, TX. Fax: (713) 524-0018.; Objective: To show an unusual corneal infection in an AIDS patient that mimics keratitis sicca and its treatment. Methods: Retrospective chart review of a patient with corneal infection who was followed prospectively by the authors. Results: M.S. is a 37 year old AIDS patient who presented 4/95 with severe pain in both
Gingival inflammatory exudate of AIDS patients contains macrophages in the productive phase of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. LB.B.6028); Suzuki T, Tai H, Yoshie H, Jeannel D, Fournier S, Dupont B, de The G, Hara K; Niigata University School of Dentistry, Niigata, Japan. Fax: (+81) 25 223 3761. E-mail: takashi@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp.; Objectives: To determine whether the p24-positive monocyte/macrophages detected in gingival inflammatory tissue exudate (AIDS 1996, in press) are HIV-infected population within which viral replication occurs. Design: Twenty-three CDC stage IV AIDS patients participated in the study. Leukocyte infiltrates in gingival cr
Evaluation of HIV-activating UV doses in the skin exposed to phototherapy and photochemotherapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. LB.B.6029); Zmudzka BZ, Miller SA, Lightfoote MM, Jacobs ME, Beer JZ; FDA, Rockville, MD. Fax: (301) 594-6775. E-mail: bzz@fda.dr.gov.; Objective: To evaluate the possibility of HIV activation in the skin treated with phototherapy (UVB therapy) or photochemotherapy (PUVA therapy). Methods: Using the data for HIV promoter activation in vitro, we computed UVB and PUVA doses that produce 50% of the maximal promoter activation (AD(50)). Then, using (a) lit
Treatment of advanced HIV infection with ritonavir plus saquinavir.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. LB.B.6030); Hirschel BJ, Rutschmann O, Fathi M, Gabriel V, Mendoula A, von Overbeck I, Iten A; Divisions of Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.; Objectives: To conduct a pilot study of the rit/saq combination in advanced HIV infection. Patients: 7 patients with median CD4 count of 10, all with previous AIDS-defining conditions, 5 with active disease (multiple drug-resistant TB with positive blood cultures, microsporidiosis ,
Triple therapy with AZT and 3TC in combination with nelfinavir mesylate in 12 antiretroviral-naive subjects chronically infected with HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. LB.B.6031); Markowitz M, Cao Y, Hurley A, O'Donovan R, Peterkin J, Anderson B, Smiley L, Keller A, Johnson P, Johnson D, Ho DD; The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 725-1126. E-mail: marty@adarc.nyu.edu.; Triple therapy with 2 nucleoside RT inhibitors and a potent protease inhibitor may erect an antiviral barrier such that durable suppression of measurable viral replication occurs. This, in turn, should result in long-term immunologic benefit. To test this hypothesis, 12 antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected subjects with a
Epivir (3TC) expanded access program - North American safety experience.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. LB.B.6032); Conant M, Self P, Liao E, Cocchetto D, Rubin M; Conant Medical Group, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 661-6275.; Objectives: To establish an Expanded Access Program to provide access to and obtain safety data on Epivir therapy. Methods: Adult and pediatric patients in the U.S. and Canada with progressive, symptomatic HIV disease who had a baseline CD4 cell count less than or equal to 300 cells/mm(3) and were refrac
Improved survival and decreased progression of HIV in patients treated with saquinavir (Invirase, SQV) plus HIVID (zalcitabine, ddC).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. LB.B.6033); Lalezari J, Haubrich R, Burger HU, Beattie D, Donatacci L, Salgo MP; Mt. Zion Hospital of UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 476-3622. E-mail: miklos.salgo@roche.com.; Objective: To compare the safety, tolerability and efficacy of SQV plus ddC , compared to ddC or SQV alone. Methods: In this double-blind, multicentre, phase II/III study, HIV infected patients with a CD4 lymphocyte count of 50-300 cells/mm(3), and greater than or equal to 16 weeks of prior ZDV therapy, were randomized
Prime-boost protocols for vaccination against HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. LB.B.6034); Excler JL, Duliege AM, Clements ML, Salmon D, McNamara J, Fast P, Meignier B, Klein M, Plotkin SA; Pasteur Merieux Serums & Vaccins, France. Fax: 33.1.47.95.80.00.; Vaccination against HIV should evoke both neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses. No single antigen has yet demonstrated the ability to produce both types of responses. Nevertheless, glycoproteins administered with good adjuvants have been adept at inducing neutralizing antibodies against laboratory stra
Effects of the aqueous extract of snail Achatina fulica Bowdich on HIV-infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. LB.B.6036); Young KC, Hee JL, Eun SK, Won IO; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea. Fax: 82 (02) 224-4283.; Objective: To determine the effects of snail Achatina fulica Bowdich extract (AFE) in HIV-infected individuals (HIV+). The anti-HIV effect of the purified components from Achatina fulica in vitro was already confirmed by Ashok D. Patil et al (J Med Chem 36:4131-38, 1993). Methods: Thirty HIV+ were treated with AFE (Chu
HIV-specific transfer factor.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. LB.B.6037); Chiodo F, Raise F, Gritti F, Pizza G, Fudenberg HH, DeVinci C, Viza D; Neuro ImmunoTherapeutics Research Foundation, Spartanburg, SC. Fax: (803) 591-0622. E-mail: compuserve ID 103765, 1153.; Rationale: Specific transfer factor (TF) is known to be efficacious in treating or preventing viral infections. Methods: HIV-specific TF was made from immunized BALB/c mice, and replicated in tissue culture and encapsulated for oral administration. Results: 20 ARC patients, treated with TF and zidovudine (ZDV) for more
Rational interleukin 2 therapy for HIV+ individuals: daily low doses enhance immune function without toxicity.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. LB.B.6038); Smith KA, Jacobson L, Pilaro F; New York Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 746-8167. E-mail: kasmith@mail.med.cornell.edu.; Objectives: When administered in high doses to HIV+ individuals, interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) causes extreme toxicity and markedly increases plasma HIV levels. Integration of the information from the structure-activity relationships of the IL-2 receptor interaction, the cellular distribution of the different classes of IL-2
Development of an anti-HIV oligodeoxynucleotide gp12A: inhibition of multiple HIV strains and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. LB.B.6039); Anazodo MI, Liu C, Powers C, Duta E, Friesen A, Wainberg M, Wright J; Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Fax: (204) 787-2190.; Objective: Preclinical and clinical development of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide drug against HIV and its application to the treatment of HIV/AIDS disease. Methods: A partially thiolated antisense oligodeoxynucleotide sequence (GP12A) was synthesized that targets a conserved region of the HIV-1 gag sequence. Initia
Clinical trial of Buxux Sempervirens L. Preparation (SPV 30) in asymptomatic HIV infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. LB.B.6040); Vandermander J, Durant J, Chantre P, Dellamonica P; Arkopharma, Carros, France. Fax: 33.93.29.11.62.; Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of SPV 30 (a boxwood preparation listed in the Pharmacopea) in asymptomatic patients (group II-III, CDC 1987) with CD4+ cell count between 250 and 500/mm(3) at day 1. Methods: 150 asymptomatic patients have been followed for 12 to 18 months during a phase II-III, multicenter
Assessment of single- and multiple-dose interactions between ritonavir and saquinavir.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. LB.B.6041); Hsu A, Granneman GR, Sun E, Chen P, El-Shourbagy T, Locke C, Baroldi P, Carothers L, Cao G, Qian J, Pizzuti D, Stewart F, Leonard J; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL. Fax: (847) 938-5193. E-mail: Ann.Hsu@abbott.com.; Study Design: Two interaction studies have been conducted in healthy, non-HIV female and male volunteers using Norvir capsules and Invirase capsules under nonfasting conditions. The single-dose study involved 6 dose groups utilizing a crossover design and the 2-week multiple-dose study invol
Multidisciplinary hospital based HIV consultation service: a model for states with rural communities.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. LB.B.6042); Smith R, Putnam ST, Luce C, Perkins P, Anderson K; AIDS Consultation Service, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME. Fax: (207) 871-6116. E-mail: smithr.data@office.mmc.org.; In the second decade of the AIDS epidemic, an increasing proportion of cases are reported from rural areas. In Maine, the percentage of AIDS cases reported from non-metropolitan areas increased from 30% to 58% between 1986 to 1994. Provision of state-of-the-art care for persons with HIV living in rural areas is
Home care, a challenge to community based organizations in Kampala District-Uganda.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:31 (abstract no. LB.B.6043); Odongo-Aginya D, Madraa E, Eriki M; STD/AIDS Control Programme, Entebbe, Uganda. Fax: 256-42-20608.; A person with AIDS can register with more than one organization for treatment and material support which are often inadequate. Project: Community Based/Home Care Programme was initiated by various Non-Governmental Organizations in Kampala District as early as 1987. Strategies of Home Care Programme include medic
Results of paired saliva-serum HIV antibody testing in high risk Cambodian population.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:31 (abstract no. LB.B.6044); Szipola G, Hor Bun L, Huszar A; HQs of Budapest Police, Health Department, Budapest, Hungary. Fax: 36-1-32601878. E-mail: 100324.1321@compu-serve.com.; Objectives: Identifying the frequency of HIV infections in a surveillance programme of high-risk and low-risk sentinel groups in Koh Kong province. To evaluate saliva HIV antibody testing as a non-invasive and cost-effective alternative to serum. Methods: Paired samples of saliva and serum were collected from 271 subje
The use of EuroQol preference scale in AIDS. Results from two clinical trials.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:31 (abstract no. LB.B.6045); Nabulsi AA, Revicki D, Conway D, Maurath C, Leonard J; Abbott Park, IL. Fax: (847) 937-1992. E-mail: Azmi.Nabulsi@Abbott.com.; The EuroQol is a multidimensional preference scale with a total summary score on global quality of life. The EuroQol is a generic instrument that is self-administered. It is comprised of five dimensions of health status (mobility, self care, pain, role function, anxiety and depression). The EuroQol questionnaire was ad
Quality of life consequences of adding ritonavir to current antiviral therapy for advanced HIV patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:31 (abstract no. LB.B.6046); Nabulsi AA, Revicki D, Conway D, Maurath C, Mills R, Leonard J; Abbott Park, IL. Fax: (847) 937-1992. E-mail: Azmi.Nabulsi@Abbott.com.; A randomized, double-blind, multi-national clinical trial of a protease inhibitor, ritonavir , plus existing treatment versus medical treatment alone was performed on HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts of less than or equal to 100 cells/L. Patients in both treatment groups were allowed to maintain existing prophylac
The economic impact of treatment of HIV-positive women and their newborns with zidovudine: implications for HIV screening.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:31 (abstract no. LB.B.6047); Mauskopf J, Paul J, White A, Tilson H; Glaxo Wellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC. Fax: (919) 483-3096. E-mail: JAM18448@GLAXO.COM.; Objectives: To estimate the economic and health impacts of (1) treating pregnant women who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive with zidovudine and (2) voluntary HIV screening programs for pregnant women. Methods: Health care costs and reduced cases of pediatric HIV infection were estimated. Health care cost
A pharmacoeconomic analysis of Kaposi's sarcoma patients based on a clinical trial of ABV vs. DaunoXome.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:32 (abstract no. LB.B.6048); Savage GE, Gable C, Motte K, Dixon C, Becker R; Health Economics State and Federal Associated, Inc., Alexandria, VA. Fax: (703) 683-2239.; Objective: A pharmacoeconomic analysis based on clinical trial data comparing standard treatment Adriamycin, Bleomycin, and Vincristine (ABV) with a new single product, liposomal daunorubicin ( DaunoXome ), for the treatment of advanced Kaposi s sarcoma. Methods: The analysis is a cost minimization model assuming equal
Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Venezuela.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:32 (abstract no. LB.C.6049); Quinones-Mateu ME, Pacheco M, Acevedo N, Domingo E; Centro de Biologia Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Madrid, Spain. Fax: 34-1-397-4799. E-mail: mquinone@mvax.cbm.uam.es.; Objective: To analyze two groups of HIV-1 isolates from Venezuela (1991 and 1994/95) by HMA subtyping and to characterize sequence evolution for three different genomic regions in recent years. Methods: Twenty-eight blood samples from HIV-1 positive Venezuelan patients were obtained in two periods: March-Oct. 91 and Au
Saquinavir in the treatment of HIV infection: patterns of use in the French Compassionate use programme, 1996.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:32 (abstract no. LB.C.6050); Rousselle B, Dohin E, Pichon F, Andriamanamihaja M, Goehrs JM; Produits Roche, Medical Department, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. Fax: 33 1 46.40.53.31.; Objective: To describe patterns of use for the Roche HIV Protease Inhibitor (PI), Saquinavir during the French Compassionate use programme (see below for clarification of ATU) since February 1996. Methods: Saquinavir (SQV) was the first HIV PI to be made available to the French AIDS patients (pts).
Risk factors for HIV infection in a sample of out-of-treatment injection drug users in California.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:32 (abstract no. LB.C.6052); Mikanda J, Ruiz J, Flynn N, Walters J, Sun R; California Department of Health Services, Office of AIDS, Sacramento, CA. Fax: (916) 327-3252. E-mail: jmikanda@hwl.cahwnet.gov.; Objective: To examine changes of risk behaviours and its determinants as well as risk factors for HIV infection among Out-of-Treatment Injection Drug Users (OTIDUs) with a particular attention to incarceration status and its risk patterns. Methods: In 1994 a multisite cross-sectional study was conducted among 1550 OTID
HIV-1 endemicity and the risk of seroconversion among heterosexual men in the U.S. army.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:33 (abstract no. LB.C.6053); Levin LI, Renzullo PO, Garner R, Lasley-Bibbs V, McNeil J; Preventive Medicine, WRAIR, Rockville, MD. Fax: (301) 294-1898. E-mail: prenzull@hiv.hjf.org.; Objective: To evaluate whether female sex partners from high HIV-1 prevalence areas increase the risk of seroconversion among heterosexual men in the U.S. army. Methods: Cases were 70 men in the Army who seroconverted between July 1986 and December 1991 and who reported only having sex with women. Controls were active-
Impact of pregnancy on maternal AIDS (a prospective study).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:33 (abstract no. LB.C.6054); Kumar RM, Khuranna A, Uduman S; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Alain, UAE. Fax: (9713) 657134.; Aim: To assess the impact of pregnancy on maternal AIDS among tribal women from India . Design: At Government hospital in Manipur, 71 women with AIDS (CDC III/IV) were identified and prospectively studied from December 1992 to January 1996. Of these 71, 32 were pregnant (Group A) and 39 non-pregnant (Group B). Both gro
Factors related to the progression of HIV-infection in women in Britain and Ireland.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:33 (abstract no. LB.C.6055); Griffioen A; University College London Medical School, London, WUE. Fax: 0171-388 4179. E-mail: agriffioen@qum.ucl.acuv.; Objectives: To describe the factors related to progression of HIV disease in a cohort of HIV positive women. Methods: Cohort study of HIV positive women recruited from 15 Genito-urinary Medicine/HIV clinics in Britain and Ireland between June 1992 and August 1995. Cox proportional hazard models have been used to invest
Sydney blood bank cohort: (SBBC) additional long-term non-progressor with HIV (LTNP) identified; immunological update on SBBC 12-15 years post infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:33 (abstract no. LB.C.6056); Learmont J, Rhodes D, Soloman A, Wood J, McIntyre L, Dyer W, Geczy A, Deacon N, Sullivan J; NSW Blood Transfusion Service, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Fax: 612/229-4479.; Objectives: To identify the recipient of a unit donated in 1981 by the single donor in the SBBC. To monitor the immunological and surrogate markers for HIV progression of the SBBC. These include CD4, CD8, CD4:CD8 ratio, CD3 and total lymphocyte counts and p24 available data. Methods: The destination of a unit donated i
HIV-testing on the initiative of the patient in general practice in eight European countries (1990-1994) ("Europe against AIDS"): Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:33 (abstract no. LB.C.6058); Van Renterghem H, Van Casteren V, Szecsenyi J, Bartelds A, Cloetta J, Falcao I, Massari V, Maurice S, Vega AT, Wigersma L, Stroobant A; Institute for Hygiene and Epidemiology, Brussels, Belgium. Fax: 32-2-642-5410. E-mail: andre.stroobant@epinov.ihe.be.; Objective: To describe and explain regional/national differences and temporal changes in the demand for HIV-test by patients in general practice in eight European countries. Methods: From 1990 to 1994, 9 sentinel networks (SNs) of general practitioners (GPs) from 7 European countries-- Belgium (national SN),
Using oral fluid specimens to extend HIV antibody testing to difficult to reach urban and rural populations.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:34 (abstract no. LB.C.6059); Judson F, Breese P, Winters R, Columbus C, Santistevan C, George JR; Epitope, Inc., Beaverton, OR. Fax: (503) 643-2781.; Testing for HIV infection among some at risk populations is limited by resistance to the invasive nature of the procedure and by the reach of traditional counseling and testing programs. Study: A multicenter study of HIV testing using the FDA-approved OraSure HIV-1 Oral Specimen Collection Device was undertaken
A training long-term effects addressed to health care personnel working with young gays and bisexuals.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:34 (abstract no. LB.C.6060); Vassal A, Otis J, Chouinard N, Pilote F; Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (514) 288-0606.; Objective: To evaluate long-term effects of a two phases training, addressed to personnel from health and social services as well as community network, working eventually, with young gays and bisexuals. Methods: A nonequivalent control group design was planned with pretest (before Training; TI) and posttest (more than
Determinant of Ethiopian rural schools involvement in AIDS prevention: schools knowledge about AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:34 (abstract no. LB.C.6061); Azeze B, Yohannes G, Alemu S, Kidan GK, Isheak A, Endeshaw S; Gondar College of Medical Sciences, Ethiopia. Fax: 11-14-79.; Objective: This study explores the determinant factor, AIDS knowledge, for rural high school involvement in AIDS prevention activities at a rural community where mass medias are scarce. Methods: A total of 108 randomly selected male high school students and teachers were interviewed in May 1995 at Debretabor, South Gon
Improved STD treatment significantly reduces prevalence of syphilis and symptomatic urethritis in rural Tanzania.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:34 (abstract no. LB.C. 6062); Mwijarubi E, Grosskurth H, Mosha F, Mayaud P, Mugeye K, Todd J, Cornelissen J, West B, Gavyole A, Hayes R, Mabey; Tropical Health Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, England. Fax: 44-171-436-4230. E-mail: ethehgro@lshtm.ac.uk.; Objective: To measure the impact of improved STD management, using the syndromic approach at the primary health care level, on STD prevalences in Mwanza Region, Tanzania . The impact on HIV incidence (a 42% reduction) has been reported previously, but only preliminary data on STD impact have been published. Methods: Co
Feasibility of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in HIV-infected persons, Chiangmai, Thailand. (First year report).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:34 (abstract no. LB.C.6063); Natpratan C, Akrasewi P, Kongsin S, Prapanwong A; Office of Communicable Disease Control Region 10, Chiang-Mai, Thailand. Fax: 66-53-271020.; Objective: TB is a common opportunistic infection among HIV/AIDS patients in northern Thailand . The seroprevalence of HIV in TB patients increased from 5.2% in 1989 to 40% in 1995. HIV-associated TB has high morbidity and mortality. We studied demand for preventive therapy, compliance, and completion of a preventive t
Prevention--international best practice highlights.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:35 (abstract no. LB.D.6064); de Burger R; Canadian Public Health Association, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: (613) 725-9826. E-mail: rdeburger@cpha.ca.; HIV Prevention Works , an official satellite of the XI International Conference on AIDS takes a unique approach to prevention by exploring and uniting a broad spectrum of issues including underlying social conditions which make various groups vulnerable to HIV disease. It focuses on behavioral, social and economic cha
AIDS outreach program targeting single mothers who are office secretaries in and around Nairobi.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:35 (abstract no. LB.D.6066); Kamau MM, Bwayo JJ, Ngugi EN, Ndinya-Achola JO; Department of Human Pathology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; Single mothers in Kenya are economically unstable. The men responsible for the pregnancy disappear with no guilt of what they have done. This makes the women therefore increasingly at higher risk than men who provide money and goods in exchange for sex. Project: During a competition for Kenyan secretaries last y
Perception variations in AIDS clinical trial participants of differing demographic backgrounds.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:35 (abstract no. LB.D.6067); Maimon G, Giordano MF, Grimes-Gruczka T; NY Hospital-Cornell Medical Centre, Cornell Clinical Trials Unit, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 746-8415. E-mail: gm19@cornell.edu.; Objective: As the population of AIDS clinical trial participants diversifies, it becomes important to understand the motivations and experiences of the various subgroups of patients. A survey study was conducted on patient sentiment towards clinical studies as well as the variability in these opinions that could be att
Participatory approach in the campaign against AIDS/STDs in schools.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:35 (abstract no. LB.D.6068); Goungou ES, Dikewu A, Clavreul J, Grunitzky-Bekele M, Ouyi W; Lome, Togo.; Objective: To bring students to be actively involved in the prevention of STDs/AIDS and to adopt responsible behaviors. To provide for the needs of information and training of students in the domains dealing with affection, sex and STDs/AIDS. Method: Training of 578 Inspectors, Advisers and Teachers of the 300 Colleges
Sexual behavior change due to HIV/AIDS: results from population based surveys conducted in five districts of Uganda.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:35 (abstract no. LB.D.6069); Opio AA, Musinguzi J, Asiimwe-Okiror G, Byabamazima C, Turyaguma P, Madraa E, Nsubuga P, Kawesa D; STD/ACP Ministry of Health, Entebbe, Uganda. Fax: 256-42-20608.; Objectives: To provide baseline data for evaluation of STD/AIDS Control Programme. Methods: From October 1995 to November 1995, population-based studies were conducted in 5 districts of Uganda . Subjects were selected through a multistage sampling technique. First, 50 clusters were randomly selected from each study dom
HIV genetic diversity.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:2 (abstract no. Mo.02); McCutchan FE, Salminen MO, Carr JK, Burke DS; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 301-762-7460. E-mail: fmccutchan@hiv.hjf.org.; Introduction: HIV-1 evolves by the rapid accumulation of mutations and by recombination; both processes are actively contributing to its genetic diversity. Many new full-length sequences of HIV-1 isolates have been obtained, permitting, for the first time, a complete evaluation both of the genetic relationships among s
The epidemic of HIV among young gay men.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:2 (abstract no. Mo.03); de Wit J; Dept. of Social and Organizational Psychology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Fax: 31-30-253-7584. E-mail: wit@fsw.ruu.nl.; Summary: The AIDS crisis is not over was the title of a manifestation in the Museum of Modern Art in Amsterdam in the early 1990s. Given that this outcry is still valid to date, it is also the leading thought of this presentation on the HIV epidemic among young gay men. It will be argued that in industrialised nations,
Narcotic drug abuse, the Swedish experience.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:2 (abstract no. Mo.04); Grunewald A; Akersberga, Sweden. Fax: 46-8540-60669.; The restrictive Swedish drug policy is considered to be successful in keeping narcotic drug abuse on a relatively low level and has therefore attracted international attention. The Swedish laws are well adjusted to the three UN Conventions on Narcotic Drugs (1961, 1971, 1988). The combination of resources for preventiv
The failure of prohibition as a drug control strategy: the case of AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:2 (abstract no. Mo.05); Drucker E; Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. Fax: 718-798-6378. E-mail: drucker@aecom.yu.edu.; Illicit drug use and addiction are now the single most dynamic feature of the global AIDS epidemic, capable of igniting explosive regional spread of HIV infection: In southeast Asia, over 1 million new HIV infections have occurred in the past decade. The failure to effectively regulate addictive drugs through prohibiti
Chemically inactivated whole HIV vaccine induces cellular responses in mice.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:4 (abstract no. Mo.A.100); Addawe MD, Fabrizzi F, Dourmashkin R, Wilson S, Oxford JS; Department of Academic Virology and Retroscreen Ltd., London Hospital Medical College, London, UK.; Objectives: To investigate the immune response in mice to an experimental whole virus chemically inactivated HIV-1 vaccine. Methods and Results: Groups of female mice (Balb/c) were immunised with two doses (10 micrograms and 1 microgram) of a whole HIV MN virus grown in C8166 cells. The vaccine production procedure inv
The dynamic expression of CD4 on cultured monocytes: implications for in vitro HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:56 (abstract no. Mo.A.1001); Graziani GM, Filion LG; University of Ottawa, Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, CA. Fax: 613-562-5452. E-mail: g507794@labsunl.med.uottawa.ca.; Introduction: Following overnight culture of purified monocytes, or monocytes in a PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cell) fraction, CD4 is down-regulated. However, within the PBMC cultures, CD4 on T cells continues to be expressed, suggesting that CD4 regulation is cell-specific. Whereas much work has been done on T
The implication of CD26 in HIV infection: viral entry and its cytopathic effect.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:56 (abstract no. Mo.A.1002); Callebaut C, Jacotot E, Krust B, Hovanessian AG; Institut Pasteur, UA CNRS Paris. Fax: 33 1 4061 3012. E-mail: chrcall@pasteur.fr.; Objective: The T cell activation antigen CD26 is a cell surface serine-exopeptidase charaterized by a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) activity. We have previously reported that CD26 through a potential interaction with the V3 loop of HIV envelope gp120, could serve as a cofactor of CD4 in entry of lymphotropic HIV-1 L
Identification of the beta 2-m derived epitope responsible for neutralisation of HIV isolates.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:56 (abstract no. Mo.A.1003); Le Contel C, Galea P, Silvy F, Hirsch I, Chermann JC; Unite de Recherches sur les Retrovirus et Maladies Associees, Marseille, France. Fax: (33) 91 41 92 50.; Objective: Specific antibodies against beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m) have been demonstrated to precipitate HIV-1 LAV showing that HIV virions carried beta 2-m on their surface. Such antibodies inhibit replication of HIV-1 LAV. We investigated whether beta 2-m could represent a target against all HIV strains and which
Differential course of HIV-1 infection in primary human monocytes and macrophages.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:56 (abstract no. Mo.A.1004); Schneider J, Bohuschke M, Kary B, Herchenroder O; Abt. Virologie, Freiburg, Germany. Fax: *49761 2036639. E- mail: schf@sun1.ukl.uni-freiburg.de.; Objective: Blood monocytes can transport HIV from the blood into the organs. As a prerequisite to understand their potential role in the AIDS pathogenesis, we have studied the course of HIV-infection during differentiation of blood monocytes (MO) to adherent macrophages (MF) in vitro. Methods: MO from 34 healthy blood
Subtype identification and replication capacity of HIV-1 strains isolated in Hungary.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:56 (abstract no. Mo.A.1005); Nagy K, Barabas E, Varkonyi V, Horvath A; National Institute of Dermato-Venereology, Budapest, Hungary. Fax: +36 1 134 0566. E-mail: nagkar@bor.sote.hu.; Objective: To identify HIV-1 envelope sequence subtype and characterise in vitro replication capacity of HIV strains from infected asymptomatic individuals. Methods: DNA samples derived from periferal blood mononuclear cells were analsed by sequencing of HIV-1 env region encoding V3-loop. A 211 nucleotide fragment (706
Separation of gp120 and gp160 by Cibacron Blue 3GA.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:56 (abstract no. Mo.A.1006); Hattori T, Sato Y, Kubo T, Zhan X, Sakaida H, Nishikawa S, Uchiyama T; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto Univer., Kyoto, Japan. Tel/Fax: 81-75-751-3986. E-mail: thattori@virusl.virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp.; Objectives: We have attempted to separate gp120 from gp160 from the culture supernatants of gp120/gp160 secreting CHO cells to characterize the biological and biochemical features of both proteins. Methods: CHO-SEC cells were used for secreting cells (kindly provided from Dr. Weiss at FDA ). The cells are made by tr
Roles of sialic acid in HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:57 (abstract no. Mo.A.1007); Murakami T, Hamamoto Y, Asagami C, Yamamoto M, Handa S, Taki T, Mizuochi T, Yoshida K, Yamamoto N; Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 81-35803-0124. E-mail: murakami.mmb@med.tmd.ac.jp.; Objective: To investigate the roles of sialic acid residues both on HIV-1 and target cells on the virus infectivity. Methods: HIV-1HTLV-IIIB and MT-4 or YAA cells (a non-tumorous monocyte/macrophage lineage cell line) were treated with a bacterial neuraminidase in the presence or absence of a specific inhibitor of the
Spectroscopic investigation of secondary structure change of a peptide from C4 region of HIV-1 gp120.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:57 (abstract no. Mo.A.1008); Chang DK, Chien WJ, Cheng SF, Chen ST; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Fax: 886-2-783-1237. E-mail: dkc@chem.sinica.edu.tw.; Objective: To determine the secondary structure of the C4 region of HIV-1 gp120 and its change on CD4 binding to assist vaccine and inhibitor development. Methods: A 44-mer peptide encompassing a CD4-binding site was synthesized and its secondary structure determined by NMR, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies. Bind
Mechanisms of opsonized-HIV entry in normal B lymphocytes.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:57 (abstract no. Mo.A.1009); Legendre C, Gras G, Krzysiek R, Galanaud P, Richard Y, Dormont D; Service de Neurovirologie, IPSC, CEA and CRSSA, Fontenay aux Roses, France. Fax: (33 1) 46 54 77 26. E-mail: gras@dsv-idf.cea.fr.; Objective: To determine the respective contributions of CD4, and complement receptors, to opsonized HIV entry into normal B lymphocytes. Methods: Normal tonsil B lymphocytes, in vitro stimulated or not, were used as target cells for infection by antibody and complement-opsonized HIV-1/LAI. The effect of CD4-HSA, and th
Efficacy evaluation of conventional dual-subtype HIV vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:4 (abstract no. Mo.A.101); Yamamoto JK, Mison M, Elyar J, Tellier MC, Pu R; Univ. of Florida, Dept. of Pathobiology, College of Vet. Med., Gainesville, FL. Fax: 904-392-7128.; Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity and prophylactic efficacy of dual-subtype infected cell vaccine against homologous and heterologous FIV subtype challenges in domestic cats. Methods: Dual-subtype FIV vaccine was developed from two singly-infected (subtype A or D) cell lines that were inactivated and mixed with
Antisense expression cloning of HIV host factor genes.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:57 (abstract no. Mo.A.1010); Schalk HJ, Scheinert P, Thiesen J, Bendrat E; Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine Virology, Hamburg, Germany. Fax: 49-70-31182309.; Besides its receptor CD4 HIV presumably needs additional membrane bound and intracellular receptors. To isolate genes for essentially needed host factors, we developed a three step cell genetic screen based on the expression of antisense RNA libraries. 1.) We constructed very small cDNA antisense libraries of cellular
Adenine clustering, guanine to adenine hypermutation and secondary HIV-1 RNA structure.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:57 (abstract no. Mo.A.1011); Rabinovich RD, Ghiringhelli D, Gutson D, Fernandez D, Marquina S, Libonatti O; National Reference Centre for AIDS, Paraguay, Argentina. Fax: 54 1 962 5404.; Objective: to study the possible relation among adenine accumulation, guanine to adenine hypermutation and RNA secondary structure in HIV-1 genomes. Methods: Fifteen HIV-1 and one HTLV-I sequences were obtained from Los Alamos data base. RNA folding (secondary structure) was predicted by using the FOLD program with upd
Anti-HIV action possessing a dual mechanism of masked alaninyl d4T-MP derivatives.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:57 (abstract no. Mo.A.1012); Balzarini J, Egberink H, Hartmann K, Karlsson A, Perno CF, Cahard D, Vahlenkamp T, Thormar H, De Clercq E, McGuigan C; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium. Fax: 32-16-33.73.40.; Masked nucleoside phosphoramidate derivatives of stavudine ( d4T ) such as So324 were found to show a marked anti-HIV activity in cell culture. So324 proved more inhibitory to HIV replication in thymidine kinase-deficient CEM/TK- cells than in wild-type cells, whereas
Possible regulation of HIV replication by a cellular factor binding to the primer binding site.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:58 (abstract no. Mo.A.1013); Lai D, Guo HG, Gallo RC, Reitz M; UMBI, Baltimore, Maryland. Fax: 410-706-8184.; Objective: The regulation of HIV replication has been intensively studied. One of the early steps is the reverse transcription of viral RNA into viral DNA, which is then integrated into the infected host cell genome. The natural primers for reverse transcription are the cell derived tRNAs. However, the exact interactio
Evaluation of anti-HIV-1 reverse-transcriptase (RT) antibody titer in HIV-infected subjects.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:58 (abstract no. Mo.A.1014); Meguro T, Yamazaki S, Takayama S, Shiga K, Takil M, Ito H, Sadamoto S, Koyanagi H, Kakishima H, Yamada K; Dept. of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Science Division of Research Laboratory, St. Marianna Univ. School Med, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 045-366-1190.; We tried to study on the antibody titer against reverse-transcriptase (RT) of HIV and its clinical significance in 10 cases of HIV-infected hemophiliac patients, 4 cases of HIV-infected homo/heterosexual subjects and 51 uninfected volunteers. Methods: Using recombinant RT antigen of HIV-1, RT antibody in plasma or sear
Different viral variants in chromosomic and extra-chromosomic viral DNA in an in vitro superinfection with HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:58 (abstract no. Mo.A.1018); Marquina S, Gomez CM, Galvan V, Libonatti O, Rabinovich RD; National Reference Centre for AIDS, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 54 1 962 5404.; Objective: to study the viral DNA in the chromosomic and extrachromosomic fraction and the viral progenie in a superinfection, with another variant, of a cell line persistently infected with an HIV-1 strain. Methods: The superinfection system consisted in the H9HTLVIIIB cell line persistently infected, and the superinf
Assaying integration activity of HIV-1 integrase with DNA-coated plates.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:58 (abstract no. Mo.A.1019); Syu W Jr, Chang YC, Ching TT; National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. Fax: 886-2-821-2880. E-mail: wjsyu@ym.edu.tw.; Objective: To simplify the measurement of integration reaction, an easy method mimicing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedures was developed. Methods: Integration of reverse transcribed viral DNA of HIV into host chromosomes is mediated by the viral enzyme, integrase. This enzymatic activity can be monito
Adenovirus host range mutant-SIV recombinant vaccine trial in rhesus macaques.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:4 (abstract no. Mo.A.102); Buge SL, Lubeck M, Kalyan N, Cheng S, Richardson E, Markham P, Miller C, Udem S, Robert-Guroff M; NIH, Bethesda, MD. Fax: 301-496-8394.; Objective: To evaluate a prime-boost vaccine regimen using an adenovirus host range mutant (Ad5hr)-SIVsm envelope recombinant and native SIV251 gp120 for protective efficacy against vaginal transmission of SIV. Methods: Six adult female macaques were immunized orally and intranasally at 0 weeks and intratracheally at 1
Isolation and characterization of a novel class of human immunodeficiency virus integrase inhibitors from natural product screening.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:58 (abstract no. Mo.A.1020); Hazuda D, Blau C, Felock P, Hastings J, Lineberger D, Wolfe A, Goetz M, Williams M, Zink D, Singh S; Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA. Fax: 215-652-0994. E-mail: daria_hazuda@merck.com.; Objective: Integration of a copy of the viral genome into the genome of the host cell is an essential and defining step in the replication of all retroviruses. Integration is catalyzed by a virally encoded enzyme, integrase. The absolute requirement for integrase activity in the propagation of HIV-1 in cell culture def
Interference with the infectivity of HIV-1 by an envelope mutant.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:39 (abstract no. Mo.A.1021); Chen SS, Terwilliger E; Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Fax: 02-782-5573. E-mail: schen@ibms.sinica.edu.tw.; Objective: To determine whether an HIV-1 envelope (Env) variant lacking the gp41 cytoplasmic domain can function as an inhibitory mutant in the production of infectious virus, and to study the mechanism underlying the interference effect conferred by this mutant protein. Methods: The interference effect conferred by a
Targeted integration of HIV and HTLV-I proviral sequences into the human genome.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:59 (abstract no. Mo.A.1022); Rynditch AV, Zoubak SV, Bernardi G; Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kiev, Ukraine. Fax: +380-44-2663498. E-mail: rynditch@imbig.kiev.ua.; Objective: The aim of present study was to assess if the regional specificity of HIV and HTLV-I integration exists and how it may contribute to explain some aspects of HIV and HTLV-I pathogenesis. Methods: The distribution of HIV and HTLV-I proviral sequences in DNA from cells in culture, asymptomatic carriers or patie
HIV-1 5'-LTRs from 42 patients representing all stages of infection, display a wide range of polymorphism in sequence, transcription potential and binding of factors but no clinical correlation.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:59 (abstract no. Mo.A.1023); Estable MC, Bell B, Merzouki A, Montaner JS, O'Shaughnessy MV, Sadowski IJ; Dept. Pathology, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada. E-mail: estable@hivnet.ubc.ca /ferrero@unixg.ubc.ca.; Objective: Despite extensive in vitro studies identifying a myriad of cellular transcription factors that bind the prototypical HIV-1 5 -LTR, the relative contribution of these factors to HIV-1 replication in infected individuals remains obscure. We wished to determine what are the in vivo HIV-1 5 -LTR polymorphisms in
Protective effects of exogenous copper-zinc superoxide dismutase on the TNF-alpha induced oxidative stress and HIV replication.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:59 (abstract no. Mo.A.1024); Edeas M, Peltier E, Claise C, Khalfoun Y, Lindenbaum A; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hopital Antoine Beclere, Clamart, France. Fax: 45 37 47 45.; Objective: To examine the effects of exogenous copper-zinc SOD on HIV expression and TNF-induced oxidative stress. Methods: SOD effects (anti-HIV and oxidative stress) were studied: 1-on the TNFalpha induced redox alteration in chronically HIV-1 infected promonocytic U1 cell line, 2- on HIV replication in peripheral bl
Reactivation by Tat and TNF-alpha of integrated HIV-1 genomes inactivated in cell culture by CPG methylation.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:59 (abstract no. Mo.A.1025); Bergmann S, Marschall M, Frohlich U, Lower R, Lower J; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany. Fax: +496103-771252. E-mail: loewer@em.uni-frankfurt.de.; Objective: To detect and to characterize intracellular mechanisms which inactivate already integrated HIV genomes. Methods: A cell clone (CBH) derived from the human T-cell line CEM-CM3 has been selected which contains a single copy of an HIV construct with a positively as well as negatively selectable marker gene (hyd
Influence of the HIV-1 leader sequence on mRNA stability.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:59 (abstract no. Mo.A.1026); Lenz C, Schaal H, Scheid A; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Virologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat, Dusseldorf, Germany. Fax: +49-211-81-12227. E-mail: clenz@rs6000.virol.uni-duesseldorf.de.; Objective: Investigation of the influence of the authentic tat mRNA 1.4.7 leader sequence on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression. Methods: An expression vector with the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) open reading frame under transcriptional control of the HIV-1 promoter was co
Role of Vif in HIV-1 replication in non-permissive cells.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:59 (abstract no. Mo.A.1027); Yu XF, Dettenhofer M, Tang XB; Dept. Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Jonhs Hopkins School of Hygiene, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-955-0105.; Objective: Replication of HIV-1 Vif mutants is cell type dependent. Vif is essential for HIV-1 replication in primary target cells and H9 CD4+ T cells (non-permissive cells). It is dispensable in many CD4+ T cell lines such as Jurkat (permissive cells). Vif function is required for generating infectious virus in the no
Induction of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene in H9 by anti-HIV-1 compound 3-deaza-neplanocin A.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:60 (abstract no. Mo.A.1028); Chiang PK, Burke DS, Kutty RK, Mayers DL, Pardhasaradhi K; Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA. Fax: 202-782-9040.; 3-Deaza-naplanocin A (DZNep) has been shown to exhibit potent anti-viral activity against clinical strains of HIV-1 in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and other cell lines [Mayers DL et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92, 215 (95)]. However, the mode of action of thi
Immunization with SIVmne envelope (gp160) vaccines protected macaques against intrarectal challenge by uncloned virus.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:4 (abstract no. Mo.A.103); Polacino P, Stallard V, Klaniecki J, Brown C, Watanabe R, Morton WR, Benveniste RE, Hu SL; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Objective: Envelope (gp160)-based vaccines, when used in a live virus priming and subunit protein boosting regimen, protected macaques from intravenous and intrarectal challenge by a cloned homologous virus SIVmne E11S. In the present study, we investigated the breadth of the protective immunity elicited by the envelop
Modification of the plasma membrane of cells induced by HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:60 (abstract no. Mo.A.1030); Grigoriev VB, Kadochnicov UP, Vorcunova NK, Klimenko SM; The D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, RAMS, Moscow, Russia. Fax: (095) 1902867.; Objective: The aim of present investigation was to study distribution of integral proteins in hidrophobic zone of the plasma membrane of HIV-1 infected cells. Methods: Important structural markers for membrane functions are the intramembrane particles (IPMs) seen on membrane fructure faces. The presence of IPMs correla
p15 RNA binding: a potential target in AIDS treatment.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:60 (abstract no. Mo.A.1032); Ozturk D, Erickson-Viitanen S; DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Co., Wilmington, DE, USA.; Introduction/objectives: One of the steps in HIV-1 virus replication is the cleavage of gag gene product Pr55 by HIV-1 protease. The Pr55 processive events by the protease are ordered and time dependent, and yield proteins necessary for infectious viral assembly. One of the Pr55 cleavage products is p15 protein, which
Genomic defects in attenuated HIV-1 from the Sydney bloodbank long-term non-progressors.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:60 (abstract no. Mo.A.1033); Solomon A, Smith K, Ludford-Menting M, Hooker D, Tsykin A, McPhee D, Chatfield C, Ellett A, Greenway A, Crowe S, Learmont J, Deacon N; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical, Fairfield Vic., Australia. Fax: 03 9280 2561. E-mail: solomon@burnet.mbcmr.unimelb.edu.au.; Objective: Between April 1981 and July 1984 seven people were infected with HIV-1 by transfusion of blood from a single HIV-1 infected donor. All cohort members (the Sydney Blood bank long-term non-progressor cohort) have remained free from AIDS or any HIV-1 related illness for up to 14 years. Since cohort members coul
PCR cloning and sequencing of three hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies against the same region of nef protein.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:60 (abstract no. Mo.A.1034); Chang AH, Leslie K, Hoxie J, Cassol S; B.C. Center for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5646. E-mail: achang@hivnet.ubc.ca.; Objective: To determine the sequences of the antibody variable regions of three hybridoma cell lines, all of which produce monoclonal antibodies against the C terminus of Nef protein, and to construct anti-Nef single-chain antibodies (SFV) in order to study the intracellular role of Nef in HIV-1 infection. Methods: The
Molecular biology of the human endogenous retrovirus family HERV-K: transactivation by viral proteins.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:60 (abstract no. Mo.A.1035); Lower R, Thelen K, Hasenmaier B, Knobetal M, Kurth R, Lower J; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany. Fax: +496103-771252. E-mail: loewer@em.uni-frankfurt.de.; Objective: To determine whether viral trans-activators (including HIV Tat) can modulate the expression of a human endogenous retrovirus family which gives rise to virus particles in teratocarcinoma cell lines. Methods: In the human genome, the endogenous retrovirus family HERV-K is represented by approximately 50 copie
Analysis of in vivo genetic variability of Vif from HIV-2.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:61 (abstract no. Mo.A.1036); Ribeiro AC, Santos Ferreira MO, Moniz Pereira J, Barahona I; Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. Fax: 3511 7934212.; Objective: To characterize Vif protein encoded by HIV type 2 from several AIDS patients. Identification of HIV-2 specific motifs in order to define putative functional motifs possibly involved in the differences of viral infectivity between HIV-1 and HIV-2. Methods: Fifteen blood samples have been obtained from HIV-2 i
Effect of tat-protein on T-cell expression of adhesion molecules.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:61 (abstract no. Mo.A.1037); Castanos-Velez E, Valancauskaite V, Patarroyo M, Fenyo EM, Biberfeld P; Immunopathology Laboratory, Karolinska Institute/Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Fax: 46-8-345820. E-mail: E.C-Velez@onkpat.ki.se.; Objective: To analyze the effect of constitutively expressed tat-protein on the display of cell adhesion molecules (CAM) by T cells. Methods: The profile of expression of 40 different CAM was determined on Jurkat and on tattransfected Jurkat cells (J-tat) by FACS analysis using an indirect immunofluorescence method on
Down regulation of HIV-1 replication by wild type rev in RD131 cells.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:61 (abstract no. Mo.A.1038); Natarajan V, Bosche MC, Lane HC; NCI-FCRDC-SAIC, Frederick, MD.; Objective: The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact of excess rev on HIV-1 replication. Methods: RD131 cells were transfected with the combination of either a wild type HIV-1 (pNL4-3) plasmid or a HIV-1 mutant (pVNL-4) plasmid containing a frame shift mutation in the rev gene and different quantities of a rev exp
Transactivating effect of Vpr on viral LTR and c-fos promoter.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:61 (abstract no. Mo.A.1039); Philippon V, Matsuda Z, Lee TH, Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Fax: 617-739-8348.; Objective: To determine the ability of Vpr proteins of several primates lentiviruses to activate the expression of the viral LTR and cellular factors involved in cell cycle progression such as c-fos and c-jun. Methods: Fibroblastic, monocytic and T-cell lines were transfected with Vpr expression vectors and HIV LTR, c-
Immune responses in cynomolgus macaques infected with pathogenic or attenuated SIV.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:4 (abstract no. Mo.A.104); Rud EW, Sheering A, Bogdanovic D, Ko D, Vogel T, Cook N, Hall G, Cranage MP, Parenteau M, Beausoleil N, Fournier J; Health Canada, LCDC, National Laboratory for HIV Pathogenesis, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-957-7238. E-mail: erud@hpb.hwc.ca.; Objective: To determine the immune responses induced by infection of macaques with either an attenuated or pathogenic variant of SIVmac32H and ultimately to correlate these to the protection induced against subsequent heterologous challenge with virus derived from SIVsmm. Methods: Three groups of 8 cynomolgus macaques
Identification of cellular receptors for HIV-1 viral protein r (Vpr).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:61 (abstract no. Mo.A.1040); Ayyavoo V, Mahalingam S, Phung MT, Williams WV, Weiner DB; University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pathology, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Fax: 215-573-9436. E-mail: velpandi@mail.med.upenn.edu.; Objective: Identification of the host cellular proteins interacting with HIV-1 vpr using Yeast Two-Hybrid system. Methods: Vpr interacting proteins were identified using the Yeast Two Hybrid system and immunoaffinity colums. Two hybrid proteins were made; one is between the binding domain and the known protein Vpr and
SIV/Mne Nef interacts with Raf-1 kinase and interferes with its signal transduction.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:61 (abstract no. Mo.A.1041); Heidecker Gisela, Mood K, Ruscetti FW; SAIC-NCI/FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA. Fax: 301 846 7034. E-mail: heidecke@fcrfv1.ncifcrf.gov.; The nef gene of HIV and SIV has come into focus as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of primate immune deficiencies. Several lines of evidence suggest that Nef interferes with signal transduction in infected and possibly even in bystander cells. We have analyzed the interaction of SIV/Mne Nef protein with several
Anti-HIV homologous viral interference as a tool for gene therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:61 (abstract no. Mo.A.1042); Federico M, Bona R, d'Aloja P, Olivetta E, Mavilio F, Verani P; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39-6-4453369.; Objective: We propose an anti-HIV gene therapy approach based on the homologus viral interference induced by a non-producer HIV-1 variant (F12-HIV). Methods: The F12-HIV genome was inserted in the opposite orientation with respect to the N2 retroviral vector, after replacing the nef gene with the human nerve growth fac
The use of HIV vectors for AIDS gene therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:62 (abstract no. Mo.A.1043); Matsukura M, Suzuki T, Shimada T; Dept. of Child Devel., Kumamoto Univ. School of Medicine, Kumamoto City, Japan. Fax: 96-373-5200.; Objective: To examine the feasibility of the use of HIV vectors in AIDS gene therapy. Methods: The herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) suicide gene was inserted between the packaging signal and the neo gene of pHXN, yielding pHXTKN. The HSVTK gene is directed by the HIV-LTR, while the neo gene is by the inte
HIV-regulated luciferase and diphtheria toxin A fragment genes are expressed specifically in HeLa cells after transfection by cationic liposomes.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:62 (abstract no. Mo.A.1044); Konopka K, Harrison G, Slepushkin V, Felgner P, Duzgunes N; University of the Pacific, School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 929-6564.; Objective: To determine whether HIV-regulated luciferase and diphtheria toxin A fragment (DT-A) genes are expressed in HeLa cells following transfection by cationic liposomes and whether expression of the DT-A gene in HeLa-T4 cells can protect against de novo HIV infection. Methods: HeLa/LAV and HeLa cells were transfe
Engineering T cells against HIV with human ScFvs selected from phage-antibody libraries.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:62 (abstract no. Mo.A.1045); Bitton N, Parizot C, Schindler D, Waks T, Debre P, Eshhar Z, Gorochov G; Immunologie Cellulaire, CERVI, CNRS, Paris, France. Fax: (33 1) 42 17 74 90. E-mail: gorochov@ccr.jussieu.fr.; Objective: Engineering of T cells that express A): chimeric receptors with an antibody-type anti-HIV specificity that could eliminate infected cells in a non-MHc dependent fashion, or B): intracytoplasmic antibody fragments directed against the HIV-1 integrase. Methods: Human single chain Fvs (ScFvs) are selected from:
Antitat gene is a candidate for both T-cell and stem-cell gene therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:62 (abstract no. Mo.A.1046); Lisziewicz J, Johnson P, Rosenzweig M, Sun D, Lori F; Research Institute for Genetic and Human Therapy, Gaithersburg, MD, USA. Fax: (301) 330-9458. E-mail: Liszi@eworld.cor.; Objective: To determine the antiviral efficacy of the antitat gene in in vivo infected T-cells as well as in lymphocytes and macrophages differentiating from antitat-transduced stem-cells. Methods: Antitat is an autoregulated, dual function antiviral gene (polymeric-TAR and antisense-Tat combination) capable of inhibit
"Passive" intracellular immunization with an exonuclease specific for single stranded DNA.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:62 (abstract no. Mo.A.1047); Savarino A, Turco E, Sinicco A, Pugliese A; University of Turin, Torino, Italy. +39114393865.; Objective: A new molecule for experimental gene therapy was sought. We hypothesized that an exonuclease specific for single-stranded DNA may inhibit HIV-1, since a single stranded DNA terminus (SSDT) extends from proviral DNA during its synthesis. An activity independent from a peculiar viral nucleotidic sequence was r
Human in vitro T-lymphopoiesis as a model for HIV gene therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:63 (abstract no. Mo.A.1049); Zhu H, Freedman A, Kurtzman G, Scadden D; Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA.; Testing gene therapy strategies for AIDS requires the evaluation of transduced gene expression in cells differentiating along lines relevant to HIV infection. To further this end, we have developed a method of inducing CD34+, CD2- human adult bone marrow cells to develop functional and immunophenotypic characteristics
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity of Achyrocline flaccida Wein DC and Gamochaeta simplicicaulis aqueous extracts.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:63 (abstract no. Mo.A.1050); Salomon H, Pampuro S, Libonatti O, Cavallaro L, Garcia G, Campos R, Coussio J; Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Medicina. Fax: 54 1 962 5404.; Objective: To study anti-HIV-1 activities of South American plant extracts from both Achyrocline flaccida Wein DC (AF) and Gamochaeta simplicicaulis (GS) on infected lymphocytes of primary origin. Methods: The plant extracts (aerial part) were extracted successively with solvents of increasing polarity: hexane, dichlor
Thiocarboxanilide derivatives: highly potent and selective HIV inhibitors with a broad activity spectrum against mutant HIV-1 strains resistant to other non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:63 (abstract no. Mo.A.1051); Balzarini J, Brouwer WG, Dao DC, Osika EM, Karlsson A, De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Fax: 32-16- 33.73.40.; A series of novel thiocarboxanilide derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in cell culture. They are highly specifically inhibitory to HIV-1 strains and not active against other retroviruses including HIV-2 or other RNA or DNA viruses (i.e.
Design, synthesis and biological activity of aminoglycoside-like inhibitors of the Rev/RRE interaction.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:63 (abstract no. Mo.A.1052); Brown W, Cedergren R, Charron M, Duschene J, Ellington A, Falardeau G, Gillard JW, Hamel M, Leclerc F, Mansour T, Mounir S, Srinivasan J, Yuen L; BioChem Therapeutic Inc., Laval, QC, Canada. Fax: 514-978-7777.; Objective: To identify inhibitors of HIV which function by disrupting the Rev/RRE(Rev responsive element) interaction, which were designed by using a proprietary molecular modelling docking program. Methods: Illustration of the use of a proprietary molecular modelling docking program of the RBE(Rev binding element) to
Efficacy of F-5 gel against HIV-1 and HIV-2 in infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:63 (abstract no. Mo.A.1053); Wetherall NT, Hodges-Savola C, Werness L, Gosselin LF, Sauriol C, Colin P; Axcan Ltd., Mont-St-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (514) 464-9979.; Objective: To determine the in-vitro cytotoxicity and antiviral efficacy of F-5 Gel (used in Protectaid sponge), on HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected PBMCs, which are involved in the heterosexual transmission of HIV. Methods: HIV-1 strain HTLV IIIB and HIV-2 strain CBL-20 were used in this study. PBMCs were obtained from an HIV
Entrapment of foscarnet in liposomes: a strategic approach for the treatment of HIV and CMV infections.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:63 (abstract no. Mo.A.1054); Dusserre N, Omar R, Desormeaux A, Tremblay M, Beauchamp D, Poulin L, Bergeron MG; Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (418) 654-2715.; Objective: To evaluate the potential therapeutic applications of liposome-encapsulated foscarnet for the treatment of HIV and CMV infections. Methods: In vitro experiments have been performed to evaluate the accumulation and anti-HIV efficacy of free and liposome-encapsulated foscarnet in different cell lines. The phar
Inhibition of HIV infection by pseudopeptides blocking viral entry into CD4+ cells.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:64 (abstract no. Mo.A.1055); Hovanessian AG, Jacotot E, Guichard G, Krust B, Blanco J, Rey-Cuille MA, Muller S, Briand JP, Callebaut C; Unite VIC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Fax: 33.1.4061 3012. E-mail: arahovan@pasteur.fr.; Objective: The development of potent inhibitors of HIV entry into CD4+ T Lymphocytes. Methods: The RP dipeptide motif is highly conserved in the V3 loop of the extracellular envelope glycoprotein of different types of HIV isolates. In view of this, we have designed and synthesized a construction referred to as template
Nanoparticles as drug carriers for antiviral agents against HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:64 (abstract no. Mo.A.1056); Bender A, Immelmann A, Kreuter J, Rubsamen-Waigmann H, von Briesen H; Analysis GmbH, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany. Fax: +49.69-63395-211.; Objective: In this study, nanoparticles (NP) as drug carriers loaded with different antiviral agents were tested in vitro for their activity in HIV-infected human monocytes/macrophages (MO/ MAC ). Methods: Polyhexylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion polymerization of the monomer in acid medium. For p
BM 21.1290: in vitro evaluation of a potential new anti-AIDS compound.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:64 (abstract no. Mo.A.1057); Herrmann DB, Kucera LS, Zilch H, Mertens A, Opitz HG; Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, Dept. Molecular Pharmacology/New Indications, Mannheim, Germany.; Objective: Determination of the anti-HIV activity and cytotoxicity of the new anti-AIDS compound BM 21. 1290 (INN: Fozivudine tidoxil) in different in vitro cell systems. Methods: 50% anti-HIV (IC50) and 50% toxic (TC50) concentrations were determined in several human T cell lines (CEM-SS, H9, H9IIIB) and in human peri
Blocking of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120)-binding to CD4+ lymphocytes by anti-HIV monoclonal antibodies.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:64 (abstract no. Mo.A.1058); Kroepelin M, Suesal C, Daniel V, Opelz G; University of Heidelberg, Institute of Immunology Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, Heidelberg, Germany. Fax: (+49) 6221 56-4200. E-mail: marianne.kroepelin@krzmail.krz.uni-heidelberg.de.; Objective: Our research aim was to characterize HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120)-binding to CD4+ lymphocytes and to block this interaction with monoclonal antibodies as a potential strategy for immunotherapy. Methods: CD4+ lymphocytes of healthy volunteers were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation foll
Thiadiazole derivatives were highly potent inhibitors of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:65 (abstract no. Mo.A.1059); Fujiwara M, Ijichi K, Hanasaki Y, Ide T, Katsuura K, Takayama H, Aimi N, Shigeta S, Konno K, Yokota T, Baba M; Rational Drug Design Laboratories, Fukushima, Japan. Fax: 81-245-67-5554. E-mail: fuji@rdl.co.jp.; Objective: To evaluate whether several thiadiazole (TDA) derivatives selectively inhibit the replication of HIV-1 in vitro. Methods: Anti-HIV-1 activities of TDA derivatives were examined in various cell lines. Inhibitory effects of the compounds on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) activity were determined by a standar
Allophenylnorstatine-containing peptidomimetic HIV protease inhibitors exhibit both in vitro and in vivo antiviral activities.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:65 (abstract no. Mo.A.1060); Kiso Y, Mimoto T, Kato R, Mitoguchi T, Nakata S, Kimura T, Ussery MA; Dept. Med. Chem., Kyoto Pharmac. Univ., Kyoto, Japan. Fax: 81-75-591-9900. E-mail: PXH00435@niftyserve.or.jp.; Objective: To develop orally potent and small-sized HIV protease inhibitors as anti-HIV drugs. Methods: We designed and synthesized a novel class of substrate-based peptidomimetic HIV protease inhibitors containing allophenylnorstatine [Apns; (2S,3S)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyric acid] with a hydroxymethylcarbonyl
Potent activity of the extract of Geum japonicum Thunb. For the prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:65 (abstract no. Mo.A.1061); Kageyama S, Kurokawa M, Sato H, Yukawa T, Ohyama H, Kurimura T, Namba T, Shiraki K; Toyama Medical & Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan. Fax: 0764-34-5020. E-mail: kageyama@toyama-mpu.ac.jp.; Objective: A traditional herbal medicine extracted from Geum japonicum Thunb. (GJ) with hot water, which had exhibited antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus in a mouse model, was also examined for its prophylactic efficacy against cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection in im
Anti-HIV-1 activity of Labiatae plants, especially aromatic plants.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:65 (abstract no. Mo.A.1062); Yamasaki K, Nakano M, Otake T, Kawahata T, Mori H, Morimoto M, Ueba N; Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan. Fax: 81-(0)6-972-2393.; Object: We have screened and identified compounds that inhibit the replication of HIV-1 from natural products and defined the mechanisms of the anti-HIV-1 activity of the hit, we found some Labiatae plants exhibiting anti-HIV activity, we screened several aromatic plants(herbs) belonging to Labiatae, and searched for t
Anti-HIV activity of boromycin.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:65 (abstract no. Mo.A.1063); Kawahata T, Otake T, Mori H, Morimoto M, Ueba N, Kohno J, Nishio M, Kinumaki A, Komatsubara S; Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan. Fax: 81-(0)6-972-2393.; We have reported several natural products that have a potent inhibitory activity on HIV replication. The extracts of fermentation broth of microorganisms isolated from soil were tested for anti-HIV-1 activity by the screening assay using MT-4 cells. The product of Streptomyces sp. A-3376 was found to have anti-HIV-1 ac
Inhibition of cellular activation of latently HIV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells by traditional medicine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:65 (abstract no. Mo.A.1064); Haruyo M, Inada Y, Otake T, Ueba N; Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan. Fax: 81-6-972-2393.; The majority of HIV-infected CD4+ lymphocytes and macrophages are in the latent state in vivo, particularly the early stage of infection. It is considered that these latent cells can be activated by several stimulants such as cytokines and start to produce HIV particles, resulting in the progression of disease.We have
Complete inhibition of viral breakthrough by combination of MKC-442 with AZT during a long-term culture.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:66 (abstract no. Mo.A.1065); Yuasa S, Yamada K, Nakade K, Okamoto M, Makino M, Baba M; Mitsubishi Chemical Corp., Research Center, Pharmaceuticals Lab 2, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: +81-45-963-3890.; Objective: To investigate whether the combination of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and AZT is effective in inhibiting the emergence of HIV-1 mutants in vitro. Methods: 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of AZT and NNRTIs, such as MKC-442 (6-benzyl-1-ethoxymethyl-5-isopropyluracil),
Analysis of HIV-1 variants resistant to the irreversible protease inhibitors, LB71148 and LB71262.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:66 (abstract no. Mo.A.1066); Lee TG, Kwon YD, Choi HI, Chang HJ, Hwang SY, Kim SC, Yoo YJ; LG Chemical Ltd/Research Park, DaeJeon, Korea. Fax: (042) 862-0332.; Objective: To investigate in vitro emergence of HIV-1 variants resistant to the irreversible protease inhibitors (LB71148, LB71262) containing cis-epoxide, and to analyze the effect of the mutations on the enzyme activity as well as on the virus. Methods: MT-2 cells infected with HIV-1 NL-4-3 were cultured in the prese
Significant delay of HIV-1 emergence after pretreatment with an irreversible protease inhibitor, LB71148.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:66 (abstract no. Mo.A.1067); Kwon YD, Lee TG, Kim SC; LG Chemical Ltd/Research Park, DaeJeon, Korea. Fax: (042) 862-0332.; Objective: LB71148 containing cis-epoxide inhibits HIV-1 protease irreversibly. We determined whether the irreversible inhibitor had an advantage over the conventional reversible protease inhibitor. Methods: MT-2 cells infected with HIV-1 NL-4-3 were pretreated with the irreversible inhibitor, LB71148 or with the rever
Comparative study with two treatment schemes of ddC plus AZT in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:66 (abstract no. Mo.A.1068); Torres R, Villarreal C, Robles M, Terrazas J; Ajusco Del Coyoacan CP, Mexico, D.F.; Objective: To compare efficacy and tolerance between two different treatment schemes with a double drug regimen ( AZT plus DDC) in patients with HIV infection. Group A included DDC 0.375 mg tid and three times a week, plus AZT 100 mg tid, three times a week in alternating days. Group B included DDC 0.
Negatively charged human serum albumins as inhibitors of HIV-1 replication: mechanism of action, in vitro activity against distinct HIV-1 isolates and in vivo efficacy in mice.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:66 (abstract no. Mo.A.1069); Kuipers ME, Swart PJ, Schutten M, Huisman JG, Schuitemaker H, Osterhaus AD, Meijer DK; University Centre for Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands. Fax: #31-50-3633311. E-mail: M.E.Kuipers@farm.rug.nl.; Objective: Negatively charged albumins (NCAs), with the prototypes Suc-HSA and Aco-HSA, are polyanionic proteins with a potent antiviral activity on HIV-1 laboratory strains. In the present study the mechanism of their antiviral action was studied. In addition we determined the in vitro antiviral activity of these NCAs
Antiviral effects of milk proteins: acylation results in polyanionic proteins with potent activity against HIV type I and II in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:66 (abstract no. Mo.A.1070); Huisman H, Kuipers ME, Smit C, De Clercq E, Meijer DK, Swart PJ; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Dept. of Developmental Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: 20-5123474.; Objective: A number of native and modified milk proteins from bovine or human sources were analyzed for their anti-HIV and anti-HIV-2 effect in vitro. Methods: The proteins investigated were lactoferrin, alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin A and beta-lactoglobulin B. The capability to inhibit viral infectivity was as
Inhibiton of acute HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T cells by lithium gamolenate.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:67 (abstract no. Mo.A.1071); Randall S, Winther MD, Horrobin DF, Chan WL; Dept. of Virology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, West Smithfield, London, UK.; Objectives: The fatty acid metabolism of T cells has been shown to be altered in HIV-1 infection. We are investigating the possible development of a new therapeutic approach to HIV-1 infection by targeting fatty acid metabolism in the host cell. Syncytium formation, which plays an important role in the mediation and sp
Assessment of antiretroviral therapy on activation-induced cell death in HIV-positive individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:67 (abstract no. Mo.A.1072); Johnson N, Stone J, Pinching AJ, Parkin JM; Dept. of Immunology, St. Bartholomews Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 0171 6060845. E-mail: n.johnson@mds.qmw.ac.uk.; Objectives: To assess the effect of antiretroviral therapy on in vitro lymphocyte activation-induced cell death (AICD) in HIV-infected patients. Compare this to changes in CD4 cell numbers and assess AICD as a means of monitoring antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Eight patients were sampled before and after initiation o
Assessment of HIV inhibitory activity in saliva and other body fluids.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:67 (abstract no. Mo.A.1073); Kazmi SH, Mullen JE, O'Shea S, Banatvala JE, Challacombe SJ, Sweet SP; Dept. Oral Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK. Fax:(44) 0171 955 4455.; Objectives: To perform a comparative evaluation of the HIV inhibitory activity of a number of body fluids including saliva, breast milk and seminal plasma. This was done in parallel with a gp120 binding plant lectin from Galanthus nivalis which was used as a positive control. Methods: HIV inhibitory activity was evalua
Inhibition of HIV replication by the plant Phylanthus amarus.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:67 (abstract no. Mo.A.1074); Mullen JE, O'Shea S, Rostron T, Houghton PJ, Woldermariam TZ, Walker E, Banatvala JE, Thyagarajan SP; Dept. of Virology, United Medical and Dental Schools of Guys and St. Thomas's Hospitals, London, United Kingdom. Fax: 44-171-922-8387.; Objective: Plants of the genus Phyllanthus are widely used by traditional medical practitioners for the treatment of jaundice and other diseases and are very well tolerated. Phyllanthus amarus (PA) inhibits the DNA polymerase of hepatitis B virus and chronic carriers treated with the plant extract clear hepatitis B sur
Discovery of potent, orally bioavailable, non-peptidic, cyclic sulfones as HIV protease inhibitors.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:67 (abstract no. Mo.A.1075); Kim CU, McGee L, Krawczyk S, Harwood E, Harada Y, Swaminathan S, Bischofberger N, Chen MS, Cherrington JM, Xiong SF, Mulato A, Flores C, Cundy KC, Griffin L, Oliyai R, Erickson JW; Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA. Fax: 415-573-4899.; A rational drug design strategy using crystallographic information generated from several HIV Protease-inhibitor complexes has led to the discovery of a novel series of highly potent, non-peptidic and cyclic inhibitors of the HIV protease. The new structure of these compounds possesses a C2 symmetric diol which resembl
2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (F-ddA): a new anti-HIV clinical drug candidate.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:68 (abstract no. Mo.A.1076); Johns DG, Driscoll J; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, NCI, Nat. Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-496-5839 or 301-402-2275.; Objective: To characterize the pharmacological, toxicological and chemical properties of the 2 -beta-fluoro analog of the anti-HIV agent 2 ,3 -dideoxyadenosine. Methods: F-ddA was synthesized in this laboratory and its anti-HIV activity determined in a variety of in vitro assay systems, including ATH8 cells, monocyte/m
L-743,726 (DMP-266): a novel, highly potent nonnucleoside inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:68 (abstract no. Mo.A.1077); Young SD; Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA.; The clinical benefit of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NNRTI s) is limited by the rapid selection of inhibitor-resistant viral variants. We believe the clinical utility of this class of anti-HIV agents may be enhanced if a compound expressing both hi
Suppression of both wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 by combination of thymidylate synthase inhibitors with AZT or d4T.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:68 (abstract no. Mo.A.1078); Gao WY, Tanaka M, Ahluwalia GS, Johns DG, Mitsuya H; Lab. Med. Chem., Nat. Cancer Inst., NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-402-0709.; Objective: To develop a non-discriminative strategy for the inhibition of replication of both wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1. Methods: The dependence of proviral DNA replication by all HIV-1 strains on host-cell dNTPs, including dTTP, was selected as the target. The antiviral activities of combinations of low conce
Lymphatic distribution of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI) after administration of phospholipid prodrug in mice.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:68 (abstract no. Mo.A.1079); Manouilov KK, Xu ZS, Boudinot FD, Schinazi RF, Chu CK; Med. Chem. College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA. Fax: (706) 542-5381. E-mail: DChu@rx. UGA.edu.; Objective: Previously, it was shown that administration of phospholipid prodrugs of AZT and AZdU resulted in increased exposure of the nucleosides in the lymphatic system compared to administration of parent compounds (Manouilov et al. 1995, Antiviral. Chem. Chemother. 6, 230). In the search for prodrugs of
Antiviral activity and pharmacokinetics of T-20, an amphipathic helical peptide derived from gp41.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:68 (abstract no. Mo.A.1080); Lambert DM, Johnson MR, Black PL, Ussery MA, Venetta T, DiMassimo E, Barney S, et al; Trimeris, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Fax: 919-419-1816.; T-20 (pentafuside, DP-178), a 36-mer synthetic peptide derived from the HIV-1 gp41 transmembrane protein, is a selective and potent inhibitor of HIV-1 infection (IC50=80ng/ml) and fusion (IC50=lng/ml) in vitro. T-20 appears to block the transition of gp41 to it fusogenic state during the infection process and during ce
Design, synthesis and SAR of dihydropyrone sulfonamide non-peptidic HIV protease inhibitors.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:68 (abstract no. Mo.A.1081); Skulnick HI, Johnson PD, Aristoff PA, Turner SR, Strohbach JW, Tommasi RA, Thaisrivongs S, Skaletzky LL, Judge TM, Morris JK, Castle TM, Seest EP, Dolak LA, Horng MM, Lynn JC, Tomich PK, Hinshaw RR, Pagano PJ, Chong KT; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA. Fax: 616-385-5232. E-mail: hiskulni@pwinet.upj.com.; Objectives: To design and synthesize a series of dihydropyrone sulfonamides with improved HIV antiviral and protease inhibition based on the previously disclosed pyrone templates U-99499 and U-103017. Methods: The reaction between a heteroaromatic sulfonyl chloride and a chiral amino dihydropyran-2-one gave an enantiom
GEM 91, a gag-antisense phosphorothioate: mechanisms of inhibition of HIV replication and attempts to generate HIV resistance in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:69 (abstract no. Mo.A.1082); Yamaguchi K, Papp B, Zhang D, Agrawal S, Byrn RA; Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: 617-424-6237. E-mail: rbyrn@nedhmail.nedh.harvard.edu.; Objective: To examine the mechanisms of the inhibitory activity of GEM 91 (Gene Expression Modulator 91), a 25-mer antisense phosphorothioate designed to interact with the conserved gag initiation site of HIV-1, against HIV replication in vitro and to generate and characterize GEM-91 resistant strains of HIV-1. Methods
Effects of reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy on HIV-1 viral burden in semen.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:69 (abstract no. Mo.A.1083); Gilliam BL, Dyer J, Cohen MS, Fiscus S, Eron JJ Jr; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Div. of Infect. Dis., Chapel Hill, NC. Fax: 919-966-6714. E-mail: bgilliam@med.unc.edu.; Previous studies have suggested that AZT may reduce the concentration of HIV in semen. In order to more fully evaluate the effects of reverse transcriptase inhibitors on the HIV concentration in semen, we recently studied semen donated from 12 men participating in a clinical trial with AZT or DDI +/-
Application of a fluorescent based particle concentration HIV protease assay in the identification of third-generation nonpeptidic dihydropyrone HIV protease inhibitors as clinical candidates.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:69 (abstract no. Mo.A.1084); Tomich PK, Thaisrivongs S, Aristoff P, Romines K, Howe J, Watenpaugh K, Chong KT, Kezdy F, Tomich CS, Tomasselli A, Tarpley G; Chemical & Biological Screening, Upjohn Laboratories, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI. Fax: 616-385-5225.; Objectives: Having previously introduced two generations of orally bioavailable, nonpeptidic HIV protease inhibitors (the pyrone U-96988 and the cyclooctylpyrone U-103017) into phase I clinical trials (in 1993 and 1994, respectively), the next goal was to design and optimize orally bioavailable third-generation nonpept
An efficient asymmetric synthesis of dihydropyrone HIV protease inhibitors.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:69 (abstract no. Mo.A.1085); Chrusciel RA, Romines KR, Morris JK, Judge TM, Lovasz KD, Tulinsky J, VanderVelde SL, Morris J, Luke GP, Chrusciel RA, Tustin JM, Dolak LA, Seest EP, Watt W, Mizsak SA, Gammill RB; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA. Fax: 616-385-4500. E-mail: rachrusc@pwinet.upj.com.; Objectives: Several dihydropyrone structures containing one or two chiral centers had been identified as potent HIV protease inhibitors . Initially, these compounds were synthesized as mixtures of two enantiomers or four diastereomers and separated using chiral HPLC techniques to provide small quantities for testing. T
Drug safety evaluation of dihydropyrones, non-peptidic HIV protease inhibitors, in rats and dogs.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:69 (abstract no. Mo.A.1086); Kakuk TJ, Cole SL, Zaya RM, Schwende FJ, Howard GM, Zhao Z, Koeplinger KA, Zipp GL, Ishii W, Mitsui T; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI. Fax: 616-385-7629.; Objectives: To aid in prioritizing these dihydropyrone compounds on a safety basis and to provide safety data to support clinical development in the second half of 1996. Methods: Oral single-day and multi-dose (up to 14 days) preclinical studies for these dihydropyrones have either been completed or are in progress in
The pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of three dihydropyrone non-peptidic HIV protease inhibitors in rats and dogs.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:69 (abstract no. Mo.A.1087); Schwende FJ, Howard GM, Wilkinson KF, Wilson GJ, Rush BD, Chong KT, Zipp GL, Possert PL, Shiou L; The Pharmacia & Upjohn Co., Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA. E-mail: fjschwen@pwinet.upj.com.; Objective: To characterize the pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailabilities (%F) of three dihydropyrone, non-peptidic HIV- protease inhibitors in rats and dogs. Methods: Rats were surgically implanted with superior vena cava cannula to facilitate intravenous dosing and serial blood sampling. Test compounds were administ
The role of chiral chromatography in the discovery of a non-peptidic, HIV protease inhibitor development candidate.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:70 (abstract no. Mo.A.1088); Seest EP, Dolak L, Castle T; Chemical & Biological Screening, Upjohn Laboratories, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI. Fax: 616-385-5225.; Objectives: We initiated the work described to speed the lead finding process for a new generation of orally active, non-peptidic HIV protease inhibitors . We supplied synthetic chemists with pure stereoisomers and devised analytical methods for the monitoring of enantiomeric purity of the candidate molecule in stereos
Sequence determination and chemical characteristics of a novel anti-HIV protein, cyanovirin-N, isolated from the cyanobacterium, Nostoc ellipsosporum.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:70 (abstract no. Mo.A.1089); Gustafson KR, Sowder R 2d, Henderson L, Pannel L, Cardellina J 2d, McMahon J, Shoemaker R, Boyd M; NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA. Fax: 301-846-6177.; Objective: To chemically characterize cyanovirin-N (CV-N), a novel anti-HIV agent recently selected by the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) for preclinical development as a potential prophylactic virucide. Methods: CV-N was initially isolated from an aqueous cellular extract of the cyanobacterium Nostoc ellipsospor
Analysis of sequence requirements for biological activity of recombinant cyanovirin-N, a novel anti-HIV virucidal protein.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:70 (abstract no. Mo.A.1090); Mori T, Shoemaker R, McMahon J, Gustafson K, Boyd M; NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA. Fax: 301-846-6177.; Objective: To evaluate amino acid sequence requirements for bioactivity of recombinant cyanovirin-N (r-CV-N), a novel protein currently undergoing high priority preclinical development by the U.S. National Cancer Institute as a potential prophylactic anti-HIV virucide. Methods: Site-directed mutagenesis of a synthetic
Mechanism of action of the potent anti-HIV virucidal protein cyanovirin-N.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:70 (abstract no. Mo.A.1091); McMahon JB, O'Keefe B, Buckheit R, Nara P, Gustafson K, Shoemaker R, Boyd M; NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA. Fax: 301-846-6177.; Objective: To investigate the mechanism of action of cyanovirin-N (CV-N), a novel anti-HIV protein currently undergoing high priority development by the U.S. National Cancer Institute as a potential virucide for prophylactic applications against HIV. Methods: Cell- and virus-based bioassays were used to ascertain the m
Construction and expression in E. coli of a synthetic gene coding for cyanovirin-N, a novel anti-HIV protein originally isolated from a cultured cyanobacterium.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:70 (abstract no. Mo.A.1092); Shoemaker RH, Wu L, Smythe A, Gulakowski R, McMahon J, Gustafson K, Boyd M; NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA. Fax: 301-846-6177.; Objective: To develop recombinant DNA methods for characterization and production of cyanovirin-N, a novel anti-HIV protein recently selected by the U.S. National Cancer Institute for high priority preclinical development as a potential virucide for prophylaxis against HIV infection. Methods: The unique 101 residue ami
Discovery of cyanovirin-N, a novel HIV-inactivating protein from Nostoc ellipsosporum that targets viral gp120.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:71 (abstract no. Mo.A.1093); Boyd MR, Gustafson K, McMahon J, Shoemaker R; NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, MD, USA. Fax: 301-846-6919.; There is an urgent international priority for discovery and development of female-controllable measures against HIV transmission. The viral-gp120/cellular-CD4 interaction remains an especially attractive target both for developmental therapeutics and for prophylaxis against HIV infection. Project: As a part of t
Effect of the tat inhibitor, 7-chloro-5-(2-pyrrl)-3h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-(H)-one, in in vitro reconstituted and cell-based transactivation systems.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:71 (abstract no. Mo.A.1094); Tomassini J, Blau C, Byrnes V, Flores O, Graham P, Hazuda D, Yang L; Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA. Fax: 215-652-0994.; Objective: The benzodiazepine compound, 7-chloro-5-(2-pyrrl)-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-(H)-one, was previously identified as an inhibitor of TAT-activated HIV transcription and of HIV replication in acute and chronically infected cells (1). Although the mechanism of action of this inhibitor is not completely understood, s
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cyclic phospholipid analogues targeting HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:71 (abstract no. Mo.A.1095); Ishaq KS, McLean JW, Morris-Natschke SL, Iyer N, Kucera LS; Wake Forest University Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA. Fax: 910-716-9928. E-mail: lkucera@bgsm.edu.; Objectives: The major objectives are to synthesize and evaluate membrane interactive cyclic phospholipid analogues and to conjugate them with AZT to enhance anti-HIV-1 selectivity. Methods: We have synthesized conformationally constrained phospholipid analogues with heteroalkyl chains and a phosphocholine moiety incorp
HIV-1 load is decreased in chronic infected ACH-2 cell line by successive in vitro hyperthermia treatment.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:71 (abstract no. Mo.A.1096); Lee MH, Schick PM, Hsu MY, Ly H; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA. Fax: 10-782-8776. E-mail: moonlee@harbor2.humc.edu.; Objective: Extracorporeal whole body hyperthermia is currently in clinical trials for treating AIDS patients in the USA. Since efficacy of this treatment is not well established, we studied the effects of hyperthermia treatment (42 degrees C) in the HIV-1 chronically infected T cell line (ACH-2). Methods: Uninfected pa
Open-label sorivudine (BV-araU) for the treatment of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infections in pediatric AIDS patients who failed or were intolerant of intravenous acyclovir.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:71 (abstract no. Mo.A.1097); Oshana S, Brennan-Rowe N, Denisky G, Thomis J, DeHertogh D, Smaldone L, Freifeld A; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, CT. Fax: (203) 284-7698.; Objective: To determine efficacy and safety of oral sorivudine (BV-araU) in pediatric AIDS patients with cutaneous, visceral or ocular VZV disease who had failed or were intolerant of intravenous acyclovir . Methods: Patients were evaluated at entry, during treatment and at post-treatment. The oral sorivudine dose appr
The compromised membrane: a target for HIV drug design.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:71 (abstract no. Mo.A.1098); Gatti PJ, Haislip AM, Plymale DR, Makutonina A, Choi B, Garry RF; Dept. Micro/Immunol, Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA, USA. Fax: 504-588-5144.; Objective: HIV infection alters permeability of the plasma membrane to ions and other small molecules. The objective of this study was to identify molecules that can selectively enter HIV-infected cells and inhibit progeny virus expression. Methods: CD4+ T-lymphoblastoid cells (RH9) and peripheral blood mononuclear cel
Proteolytic fragments of anti-HIV proteins MAP30 and GAP31 are biologically active.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:72 (abstract no. Mo.A.1099); Lee-Huang S, Huang PL, Huang PL, Bourinbaiar A, Chen HC, Kung HF; Biochemistry Department, NYU Medical School, New York, NY, USA.; Objective: The plant sources of anti-HIV proteins MAP30 and GAP31 have been used in traditional medicine by oral administration. Thus the bioavailable form of these anti-HIV agents may be proteolytic fragments. The objective of this study is to determine whether proteolytic fragments of MAP30 and GAP31 are biologically
Anti-HIV effect of pregnancy hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and beta hCG in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:72 (abstract no. Mo.A.1100); Bourinbaiar AS, Fruhstorfer EC; Metatron, Inc., New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-598-0074. E-mail: emballon@pipoline.com.; Objective: To identify further the anti-HIV mechanism of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in vitro with the goal of using this pregnancy hormone in AIDS prevention and therapy. Methods: The scrial ten-fold dilutions of alpha and beta subunits (range 100 micrograms - 100 pg per ml) and the intact hCG as a control (100
Lithium gamma-linolenic acid (LiGLA)-associated cytotoxicity in acute and chronic HIV infection models in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:72 (abstract no. Mo.A.1101); Mpanju O, Manning J, Randall S, Winther M, Montaner J, O'Shaughnessy M, Conway B; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5527. E-mail: ompanju@hivnet.ubc.ca.; Objective: To carry out a comparative study of LiGLA - associated cytotoxicity in chronic and acute models of HIV infection. Methods: (i) PHA-stimulated PBMCs were infected with HTLV-IIIB or G910-6 isolates of HIV (MOI=0.0001-0.05). Cells were then cultured in the presence of 0-20 micrograms/mL LiGLA. Viable cells were
Antiviral profile of HBY097, a nonnucleosidic inhibitor of HIV-1 RT in a phase I study.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:72 (abstract no. Mo.A.1102); Rubsamen-Waigmann H, Wainberg MA, Huguenel E, Shah A, Paessens A, Kleim JP, Rosner M; Institute of Virology, Bayer Pharma Research Center, Wuppertal, Germany. Fax: 0049-202-364162.; Objective: This study was designed to characterize viral load and viral characteristics during a 14 day treatment of HIV-1-positive individuals with HBY 097. Method: Blood was drawn from the patients at day 0, 14 and 21 (i.e. 7 days after the last day under treatment with HBY 097). Viral load determinations were done b
Synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency type 1 replication in vitro by two- and three-drug combination of delavirdine, lamivudine and zidovudine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:72 (abstract no. Mo.A.1103); Chong KT, Pagano PJ; Cancer & Infectious Diseases Research, Pharmacia and Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA. Fax: 616-385-6492.; Objective: To evaluate combination therapy involving delavirdine (DLV), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in two- and three-drug combination with lamivudine ( 3TC ) and zidovudine (ZDV).
Anti-HIV activity by MGN-3 in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:72 (abstract no. Mo.A.1104); Ghoneum M; Drew University of Medicine and Science, L.A., CA. Fax: (310) 474-6724.; Objective: To examine the effect of MGN-3 on HIV induced syncytia formation (SF) In Vitro. MGN-3 is an arabinoxylane from rice bran, that is enzymatically treated with an extract from basidiomycetes mycelia. Method: Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes (PBL) from AIDS patients were cultured with PHA in the presence or absence
Quantitative NASBA and competitive PCR and RT-PCR can rapidly monitor in vitro the effect of antiretroviral drugs on HIV replication.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:73 (abstract no. Mo.A.1105); Debiaggi M, Carlevari M, Brerra R, Zara F, Bruno R, Achilli G, Giacobone E, Romero E, Filice G; Istituto di Microbiologia, via Brambilla, Universita Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; Objective: We have applied a quantitative NASBA and competitive PCR to examine the kinetics of HIV-1 replication in vitro and to assess the effect of antiviral drugs on the accumulation of HIV gag RNA and DNA. Methods: H9 cells (1x106/ml) were infected with HTLV IIIB (100 TCID50). Cell cultures were treated with
Comparative study with ddC plus AZT in HIV infection: early vs later: preliminary report.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:73 (abstract no. Mo.A.1106); Dominguez CC, Villarreal C, Torres R, Robles M, Terrazas J, Blanno V; Hospital de Infectologia, Centro Medico Nacional La Raza IMSS, Mexico D.F.; Objective: To compare efficacy and tolerance with a double drug regimen ( AZT plus DDC) in HIV patients infection: early vs later. Gruop A included DDC 0.750 mg tid plus AZT 100 mg tid, lymphocites CD4 counts greater than 300/mm3. Group B DDC plus AZT at same doses but lymphocites CD4 counts less than 300/mm3.
Factor(s) active against human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplex virus.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:73 (abstract no. Mo.A.1107); Nosik DN, Vainberg Y, Nossik N, Kaplina E, Kalnina L; D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia. Fax: (095) 190-74-85.; Objective: To study an antiviral activity of agents against Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) and Herpes Simplex Virus ( HSV ). Methods: The antiviral activity of soluble low weight factor(s) (m.m. around 5 kD) (named AVF) produced in T-cells was studied in the model system of human PBMCs and T-cell
Cystamine inhibits HIV-1 replication in cord blood-derived mononuclear phagocytes and lymphocytes.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:73 (abstract no. Mo.A.1109); Ho WZ, Kaufman D, Song L, Douglas SD; Immunology Dept., The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, PA, USA. Fax: 215-590-2025. E-mail: Ho@e-mail.CHOP.Edu.; Objective: To determine the effects of cystamine on HIV expression in cord blood monocytes derived macrophages (CBMDM) and lymphocytes in vitro. Methods: Cord blood were obtained from the umbilical vein of healthy term newborn infants after uncomplicated pregnancies and deliveries. Cord monocytes and lymphocytes were i
Detection of mutant viruses at codon 215 in the HIV reverse transcriptase gene in untreated patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:73 (abstract no. Mo.A.1110); Picard H, Binet D, Burghoffer B, Kirstetter M, Frottier J, Petit JC, Morand-Joubert L; Service de Bacteriologie-Virologie; Hopital Saint-Antoine; Paris, France. Fax: 33 (1) 49 28 24 72.; Objective: to determine the prevalence of mutant viruses at codon 215 in the reverse transcriptase gene, in HIV-1 positive patients who have never received antiretroviral drugs. Methods: forty-three HIV-infected patients were included in this study between April 1994 and January 1996, in Saint-Antoine hospital. The pat
Genotype resistance at codon 215 and SI-NSI phenotype long-term evolution of HIV-1. Correlation to clinical outcome in a cohort of 21 AZT-treated patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:74 (abstract no. Mo.A.1111); Arvieux C, Ruffault A, Michelet C, Renard I, Jacquelinet C, Colimon R, Cartier F; Departement de Virologie, Hopital Ponchaillou, Rennes, France. Fax: 33 99 28 41 59.; Objectives: to evaluate the association between (1) genotypic resistance to AZT (codon 215) of HIV-1, (2) SI-NSI phenotype and clinical evolution in a cohort of 21 patients treated with AZT. Patients and Methods: Patients were enrolled in a first prospective study to determine the correlation between viral load (Plasma
Reverse transcriptase (RT) gene analysis of HIV-1 mutants dually resistant to AZT and ddI.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:74 (abstract no. Mo.A.1112); Kondo M, Saito T, Ito A, Akagi K, Nishioka K, Imai M; Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 81-45-363-1037.; Objective: To study the relation between drug susceptibility and amino acid mutation in reverse transcriptase (RT) coding region of HIV-1 isolates. Methods: We isolated HIV-1 mutants dually resistant to AZT and ddI from patients who received ddI treatment longer than one year after switching
Zidovudine resistance and HIV-1 load in multiple autopsy tissues of AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:74 (abstract no. Mo.A.1113); Emery VC, Aitkins M, Strappe P, Kaye S, Loveday C, McLaughlin JE, Johnson MA, Tedder RS, Griffiths PD; Department of Virology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 0171 830 2854.; Objective. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the quantitative prevalence of ZDV resistance in peripheral blood and lymphoid organs to that present in multiple other organs of the same individual. Methods Proviral HIV-1 load was measured by quantitative-competitive PCR in multiple organs of 11 pati
Differential plaque assay for studying population dynamics of wild-type and drug-resistant mutant HIV in mixed infections.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:74 (abstract no. Mo.A.1114); Rayner MM, Jackson DA; DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Wilmington, DE, USA.; Objective: We wished to develop a sensitive assay that would differentially detect wild-type (WT) and drug-resistant HIV in a mixed infection for the purpose of studying HIV population dynamics in response to drug selective pressure. Methods: As a model system we studied mixtures of WT HIV and the mutant virus containi
HIV-1 isolates from subjects on prolonged stavudine therapy remain sensitive to stavudine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:74 (abstract no. Mo.A.1115); Deminie C, Bechtold C, Riccardi K, Lin PF, Colonno RJ; Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Wallingford, CT, USA. Fax: 203-284-6088.; Objective: To determine if stavudine-resistant variants arise following prolonged therapy, and to identify a genetic marker for any resistance observed. Methods: Nineteen matched pairs of pre- and post-treated samples were obtained from subjects on stavudine therapy. Two approaches were employed to obtain viruses for s
Hydroxyurea as antiviral drug against HIV-1 resistant mutants.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:74 (abstract no. Mo.A.1116); Lori F, Malykh A, Wainberg M, Villani P, Maserati R, Gallo RC, Lisziewicz J; Research Institute for Genetic and Human Therapy (RIGHT), Gaithersburg, MD, USA. Fax: +1 (301) 3309458.; Objective: To assess the sensitivity to nucleoside analogues ( AZT , ddI ) of nucleoside resistant variants of HIV-1 in the presence of Hydroxyurea at concentrations achievable in vivo. Methods: In vitro. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were infected with high multiplicity of infection with H
In vitro resistance to HIV in PBMC cultures from recently infected participants in HIV vaccine trials is CD8 dependent.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:75 (abstract no. Mo.A.1117); Schwartz DH, Arrango-Jaramillo S, Castillo R, Sridharan G, Clements ML; Johns Hopkins University Center for Immunization Research, Baltimore, MD. Fax: 410/955-2791.; Objective: To longitudinally assess the in vitro susceptibility or resistance of PBMCs from recent seroconverters who had received two or more injections of HIV-1 envelope based vaccine products. Methods: Individuals who had participated in various Phase I or II trials of envelope based HIV vaccines were monitored for
The peripheral deletion of Vgamma9/Vdelta2 in HIV-infected donors is associated with a proliferative anergy to non-peptidic ligand TUBAg and a defect in cytokine secretion.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:5 (abstract no. Mo.A.140); Boullier S, Poccia F, Lecoeur H, Fournieo JJ, Gougeon ML; Unite D'oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; Objectives: Since we have previously reported a strong peripheral decrease of peripheral Vdelta2 gammaT lymphocytes in asymptomatic HIV-infected donors, the objective of this study was to characterize whether this decrease was associated with an alteration of the repertoire and the functions of these gamma cells. Metho
IL-15 supports anti-HIV-1 cytotoxic T cell and NK activity with less induction of HIV-1 replication than IL-2.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:5 (abstract no. Mo.A.141); Skolnik PR, Wang A, Fabry J, Lieberman J; New England Medical Center, Boston, MA. Fax: 617-636-3216. E-mail: paul.skolnik@es.nemc.org.; Objective: To determine the effects of interleukin-15 (IL-15) on HIV-1 replication and specific anti-HIV cytotoxic T cell (CTL) activity in comparison with IL-2 , which shares beta and gamma receptor chains with IL-15. Methods: IL-15- or IL-2-prestimulated PBMC from HIV-seronegative donors (N=6) were infected with HIV-
Characterization of antibody, cytokine and complement levels in cervicovaginal (CVL) fluid in HIV-infected and uninfected women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:5 (abstract no. Mo.A.142); D'Amico RD, Sha BE, Landay AL, Spear GT, Massad LS, Padnick J, Payne G, Charles LA, Benson CA; Section of Infectious Disease, Rush Medical College, Chicago IL.; Objective: To characterize antibody, cytokine, and complement levels in CVL fluid and to determine associations with HIV status, concurrent genital infection, and/or cervical dysplasia or HPV . Methods: Twenty-one women participating in the Women s Interagency HIV Study underwent CVL collection using 10 cc of sterile N
Mechanisms of down-modulation and release of TNF receptor induced by HIV-1 on cultured human monocytes.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:5 (abstract no. Mo.A.143); Rimaniol AC, Boussin FD, Dormont D, Bach JF, Zavala F; Hopital Necker, Paris, France. Fax: 33-1-43-06-23-88.; Objective: To investigate the cellular mechanisms involved in the profound remodeling of the TNF receptor expression induced by HIV-1 LAI infection of human blood monocytes. Methods: Adherent monocytes isolated from blood of HIV-1 seronegative donors were cultured for various periods in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented wi
2-5A synthetase: activation by HIV-1 TAR RNA and RRE RNA and modulation by propentofylline in HIV-1 infected CEM cells.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:6 (abstract no. Mo.A.144); Leuck J, Scheffer U, Muller WE, Schroder HC; Inst. of Physiological Chemistry, University, Mainz, Germany. Fax: 49-6131-395243. E-mail: leuck@mzdmza.zdv.uni-mainz.de.; Objective: To determine the structural elements of HIV-1 RNAs (TAR RNA and RRE RNA) that are able to activate the antiviral 2 ,5 -oligoadenylate (2-5A) system and to search for compounds that prevent the decrease in interferon (IFN)-inducible 2-5A synthetase activity during later stages of infection. Methods: Human T l
Secretion of multiple chemokines in U1 cells: auto-crine upregulation of viral expression by MCP-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:6 (abstract no. Mo.A.145); Biswas P, Delfanti F, Vicenzi E, Sozzani S, Moro M, Mantovani A, Poli G; San Raffaele Scienific Institute, Milan, Italy. Fax: 39-2-2643-7989.; Objective: To investigate the role of chemokines on HIV expression in the latently infected promonocytic UI cell line that is characterized by virus inducibility by several cytokines. Methods: HIV expression was measured in culture supernatants by the reverse transcriptase (RT) activity assay. Chemokine secretion: RANT
Efficacy of a DNA vaccination to induce neutralizing antibody and cytotoxic cells against HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:6 (abstract no. Mo.A.150); Fukushima J, Hamajima K, Asakura Y, Bukawa H, Tsuji T, Xin KQ, Nishioka K, Cullen BR, Okuda K; Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 81-45-787-2509. E-mail: jfukusim@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp.; Objective: The efficacy of DNA vaccines for protecting HIV-1 infection was studied by using expression plasmids for Gag, Env, and Rev proteins. Methods: We constructed expression vectors for HIV-1 genes driving cytomegalovirus promoter. These expression plasmids were injected with cationic liposomes into mice, rabbits,
The combination of DNA and peptide vaccines induces strong immunities against HIV-1 in both humoral and CMI.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:6 (abstract no. Mo.A.151); Hamajima K, Fukushima J, Kaneko T, Bukawa H, Tsuji T, Xin KQ, Asakura Y, Okuda K, Nishioka K, Okuda K; Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 81-45-787-2509.; Objective: We have reported that the synthetic peptide vaccine (VC1) against HIV induced a high level of neutralizing antibodies for various HIV isolates, and the DNA vaccine against HIV induced prolonged high CTI level. In the present study, we examined whether the combination of DNA vaccine and the peptide vaccine co
A macromolecular multicomponent peptide vaccine candidate induces mucosal immunity against HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:6 (abstract no. Mo.A.152); Hiroki B, Asakura Y, Tsuji T, Xin KQ, Sasaki S, Hamajima K, Fukushima J, Kawamoto S, Fujita K, Okuda K; Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 81-45-785-8438.; Objective: To induce HIV-1-specific mucosal IgA antibody with neutralizing activity is of importance for development of HIV vaccine. Induction of secretory IgA antibody against HIV-1 was studied by oral, rectal and vaginal immunization with a new synthetic peptide vaccine candidate (VC1). Method: VC1 was composed of pe
High dose HIV-1 MN recombinant gp160 (rgp160) vaccine induces anti-v3 MN, and IgG1-4 and IgA anti-rgp160 antibodies.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:7 (abstract no. Mo.A.153); Gorse GJ, McElrath MJ, Belshe RB, Corey L, Matthews T, Eibl M, Kennedy D, Frey S, Hsieh R, Walker MC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Saint Louis Univ. Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, MO. Fax: 314-771-3816. E-mail: gorsemd@sluvca.slu.edu.; Objective: To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a mammalian cell-produced HIV-1 MN rgp160 vaccine (IMMUNO-AG) at a high dose in low-risk, HIV-1 uninfected volunteers. Methods: In an ongoing, double-blind, randomized study, subjects received 800 micrograms MN rgp160 at 0,1, and 6 months (N=8) or at 0,2, and 8 mo
Chimeric human immunodeficiency virus gag particles as an antigen presenting vehicle.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:7 (abstract no. Mo.A.154); Nariyoshi H, Yasuda A, Kurata T, Kojima A; Dept. of Pathology, NIH, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 3-5285-1189. E-mail: nhoshika@nih.go.jp.; Objective: Viral antigens usually show the highest immunogenicity when they form virus-like particle structures. In this study, we examined whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Gag particles work as immunogenic carriers for a hepatitis C virus (HCV) core epitope. Methods: The HIV-1 gag gene (BH10) was deleted of
Immunogenicity of a live recombinant canarypox virus expressing gp120tm-MN/gag/protease-LAI (vCP205) boosted with a p24e/v3-MN peptide (CLTB-36) in HIV-negative volunteers (anrs vac 03).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:7 (abstract no. Mo.A.155); Salmon D, Excler JL, Finkielsztejn L, Chapuis L, Heshmati F, Gluckman JC, Autran B, Meignier B, Klein M, Sicard D; Hopital Cochin, Medecine Interne, Paris, France. Fax: 33-1-43 26 88 92. E-mail: Laufink@pratique.fr.; 30 healthy volunteers at low risk for HIV infection were immunized with vCP205 at 105.8 TCID50 and or CLTB-36 240 micrograms, and randomly assigned. Results: At month 7 of lymphoproliferative response (LPR) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity (CTL) were as follows: (table: see text) Neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 MN
HIV-1 Pr55gag virus-like particles allow the access of polyproteins and defined epitopes to the MHC-I presentation-pathway.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:7 (abstract no. Mo.A.156); Ludwig D, Schirmbeck R, Reimann J, Wolf H, Wagner R; Institut fur Medizinische Microbiologie und Hygiene, Universitat Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Fax: +49 941 944 6402.; Objective: In many viral infections, cell mediated immunity, in particular the cytotoxic T-cell response, plays a key role in the control of a viral infection. There is striking evidence to suggest that this may be also in the case of an HIV infection. Therefore we tested the capacity of different types of chimeric Pr5
Limited detection of HIV-1 subtypes by the Roche Amplicor Diagnostic polymerase chain reaction assay.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:7 (abstract no. Mo.A.160); Gleeson T, Montpetit M; HIV Genetics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-957-7258. E-mail: mmontpetit@hpb.hwc.ca.; Objective: To determine the effects of primer-template mismatches on Roche Amplicor Diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for HIV-1 strains not belonging to genetic subtype B. Methods: Computer analysis (OLIGSAN program) of homology between the Roche Amplicor PCR primer pair SK431/SK462 and 100 HIV-1 strai
The effects of mutations on HIV-1 quantitation by RT/PCR.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:7 (abstract no. Mo.A.161); Christopherson CD, Kwok S; Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, CA, USA. Fax: (510)814-2810.; Primer design and amplification conditions were previously shown to effect 3 terminal mismatch tolerance (Kellog et. al., NAR 1990). In this study, we investigated the effect of internal primer-template mismatches on reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and of probe-template mismatches on probe capture efficiency. Templates
Sensitive HIV antigen assay detecting HIV-1 group M, HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 core proteins.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:8 (abstract no. Mo.A.162); Louwagie J, Garrett PE, Mertens G, Van Geel A, Pollet D, van den Abeele A, Saman E; Innogenetics, Zwijdrecht, Belgium. Fax: 32 3 252 37 98.; Objectives: To study the sensitivity and specificity of a newly developed antigen assay for the broad spectrum detection of HIV capsid antigens in human serum and to validate the confirmatory and immune complex dissociation reagents. Methods: The INNOTEST HIV Antigen mAb is a sandwich ELISA, based on a human immunoglob
Use of synthetic peptides for differentiation between HIV 1 group M and group O, and for classification of group M (A - E) and group O strains into subtypes.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:8 (abstract no. Mo.A.163); Brust S, Knapp S, Gurtler LG; Behringwerke AG, Marburg, Germany. Fax: 49-6421-39-4680. E-mail: brust1@msmbwma.marburg.hoechst-ag.dbp.de.; Objective: To develop synthetic peptide based immuno assays to differentiate between HIV 1 group M and group O infections. Furthermore to establish synthetic peptide based immuno assays suitable to classify Anti-HIV 1 positive sera into subtype A - E of group M and into different subtypes of group O. Methods: Relevant
Sequencing HIV isolates using the GeneChip HIV PRT assay.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:8 (abstract no. Mo.A.164); Miyada CG, Liang V, Tran HM, Mittman M, Morris M, Kaplan P; Affymetrix, Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA. Fax: 408-481-0422. E-mail: garry_miyada@affymetrix.com.; Objective: To develop a fast method to accurately sequence HIV isolates using a novel method of hybridization to high-density arrays of oligonucleotide probes. Methods: The GeneChip HIV PRT Assay includes a high-density oligonucleotide array with probes complementary to the protease gene and 242 amino terminal residues
Novel biological means of control of HIV and AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:8 (abstract no. Mo.A.260); Gallo RC; Institute of Human Virology, Medical Biotechnology Center, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-706-1952. E-mail: gallo@umbi.umdl.edu.; 1) The C-C Cytokines (Rantes, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1 ): These are a subset of chemokines which in turn are a subset of cytokines. Their known role was in inflammation. Last year we reported the discovery (Science, 270: 1560, 1995) that these molecules were potent inhibitors of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection. We noted that th
Plasma factors in human blood alter the entry and neutralization properties of HIV-1: implications for gp120-based vaccine approaches.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:8 (abstract no. Mo.A.270); Nara PL, Merges M, Wu SC, Spouge J; Virus Biology Section, LTCB, DBS, NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, MD. Fax: 301-846-6194.; Conventional virology suggests one important aspect of viral tropism/pathogenicity is mediated by specific virus ligands interacting with specific cellular receptors. Factors, however, which govern and/or influence the specificity of these interactions within the host may involve colloidal or soluble molecules capable
Removal of V3-specific antibodies from the serum of infected patients has minimal effect on neutralization of primary isolates of clade E HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:9 (abstract no. Mo.A.271); Stamatos NM, VanCott TC, Mascola J, Loomis LD, Louder M, Birx DL; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD. Fax: 301-762-4177. E-mail: nstamatos@HIV.hjf.org.; Objective: To determine the role of V3-specific antibodies in mediating neutralization of primary clade E viral isolates. To compare these results with previous reports demonstrating a minimal role for V3-specific antibodies in neutralizing primary clade B viruses. Methods: Sera from 3 HIV-infected patients from
Role of factor H in resistance of HIV against complement-mediated destruction.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:9 (abstract no. Mo.A.272); Stoiber H, Pinter C, Spruth M, Mullauer B, Clivio A, Manfred P; Dierich Institut fur Hygiene, Universitat Innsbruck, Insbruck, Austria.; Objective: In the study, presented here, the binding site of complement factor H (CFH) to the HIV envelope was mapped and a new functional CFH polymorphism was analyzed Methods: The binding of CFH-derived peptides, covering the whole short consensus repeat (SCR) 13, to gp120 and gp41 was determined by ELISA and inhibit
Cross-clade neutralization of HIV-1 by homologous and heterologous sera and identification of three isolates that predicts the neutralizing capacity of sera across HIV-1 clades.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:9 (abstract no. Mo.A.273); Nyambi PN, Lewi P, Nkengasong J, Janssens W, Fransen K, Peeters M, Willems B, Heyndrickx L, Andries K, Ndumbe P, van der Groen G; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium. Fax: 32 3 247 63 33.; Objectives: To study the neutralization spectra of 14 sera and of 16 primary isolates of individuals infected with HIV-1 group M (subtype A-H) and group O. To identify a limited number of primary HIV-1 key isolates which allow to predict the neutralization spectrum of a serum. Methods: Serum (SNS) and isolate neutraliz
Inactivation of HIV-1 by recombinant antibodies.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:9 (abstract no. Mo.A.274); Parren PW, Fisicaro P, Barbas CF 3d, Burton DR; The Scripps Research Institute, Dept of Immunology and Molecular Biology, La Jolla, CA, USA. Fax: (619) 554-6360. E-mail: parren@scripps.edu.; Objective: To isolate broadly neutralizing recombinant antibodies to HIV-1 and characterize neutralization in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Antibody phage display libraries were prepared from long-term HIV-1 seropositve donors. In initial experiments, monomeric HIV-1 envelope subunits were used for enrichment and screeni
Beta-chemokines inhibit HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells via the C-C CKR-5 co-receptor.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:37 (abstract no. Mo.A.275); Dragic T, Litwin V, Allaway GP, Martin SR, Huang Y, Nagashima KA, Cayana C, Maddon PJ, Koup RA, Moore JP, Paxton WA; The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 725-1126.; The beta-chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and rantes inhibit infection of CD4+ T-cells by primary, NSI HIV-1 strains at the virus entry stage, and also block env-mediated cell-cell membrane fusion. CD4+ T-cells from some HIV-1 exposed-uninfected individuals cannot fuse with NSI HIV-1 strains and secrete high levels of
Phase I/II evaluation of candidate AIDS vaccines.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:9 (abstract no. Mo.A.280); Graham BS; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.; Development of a preventive vaccine for AIDS. Project: The AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Group (AVEG) sponsored by NIAID consists of 6 University-based clinical testing sites, 2 central laboratories, a central data processing and analysis unit, and administrative support to select vaccine candidates, evaluate safety,
HIV immunity induced by canarypox (ALVAC)-MN gp160,-SF2 rgp120 or both.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:10 (abstract no. Mo.A.281); Clements ML, Weinhold K, Siliciano R, Schwartz D, Matthews T, Graham B, Keefer M, McElrath J, Gorse G, Hsieh R, Duliege A, Excler J, Meigner B, Tartaglia J, Paoletti E; Center for Immunization Research, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-550-6898.; Objective: To evaluate the priming and boosting effect of two recombinant HIV vaccines. Methods: 106 and 107 TCID50 of recombinant canarypox (ALVAC)-HIVMN gp160 and 50 micrograms HIV-1SF2 rgp120 in MF59, were given i.m. to uninfected, vaccinia-naive and vaccinia-immune adults at 0, 1 or 2, 6 or 9, and 12 months. ALVAC-
AVEU 022: safety and immunogenicity of live recombinant canarypox vector containing the envelope, gag and protease genes of HIV-1 in seronegative adult volunteers.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:10 (abstract no. Mo.A.282); Corey L, Weinhold K, McElrath J, Excler JL, Duliege AM, Clements ML, Belche R, Dolin R, Graham B; NIAID AVEU, Univ. of Washington, Pasteur Merieux Corp. and The Biocine Corp., Seattle, WA. Fax: 1-206-621-4178. E-mail: lcorey@u.washington.edu.; Objective: To define the immunogenicity and safety of vCP205, a recombinant canarypox vaccine that expresses the P55 gag gene (LAI strain), P15 protease (LAI strain), gp120 (MN strain), and transmembrane region of gp41 (TM) (LAI strain). Methods: Seventy six seronegative (SN) volunteers at low risk of HIV infection, re
Induction of potentially protective immunity in humans with a recombinant subunit HIV-1 vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:10 (abstract no. Mo.A.283); Francis DP, McElrath MJ, Berman PW, Belshe RB, Fast P; Genenvax, South San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-225-3957. E-mail: francis.don@gene.com.; Objective: To induce protective immunity against HIV-1 using a safe vaccine. Methods: Two candidate vaccines, one from strain LAI and one from strain MN, consisting of envelope glycoprotein (gp 120) were produced in CHO cells using recombinant DNA technology. Chimpanzees vaccinated with these vaccines were intravenousl
Safety, immunity, and risk behavior in HIV-1-uninfected volunteers representing diverse risk populations following recombinant envelope vaccinations: a three-year followup.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:10 (abstract no. Mo.A.284); McElrath MJ, Montefiori D, Wolff M, Clements M, Gorse G, Keefer M, Graham B, Duliege AM, Francis D, Matthews T, Fast P, Corey L; Univ of Washington, Seattle WA, USA. Fax: 1-206-621-4178. E-mail: kd@u.washington.edu.; Objectives: Through the conduct of a phase II multicenter placebo-controlled double-blind vaccine trial in HIV(-) volunteers with either high or low HIV-1 risk behavior, to compare the clinical and immune responses, to determine the kinetics of HIV-1 neutralizing Ab responses after 4 immunizations, and to evaluate risk
Genetic and immunologic characterization of viruses infecting MN-rgp120 vaccinated volunteers.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:10 (abstract no. Mo.A.285); Berman PW, Gray A, Ashby M, Eastman D, Wrin T, Vennari JA, Francis D, Gregory T, Fast P, Schwartz D, Gorse G, McElrath MJ; Genetech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 225-2006.; Objective: To determine whether individuals who acquired HIV-1 infections, through high risk behavior, during vaccine safety and immunogenicity studies, were infected by viruses with envelope glycoproteins that resembled the vaccine immunogen, MN-rgp 120. Methods: 10 of 507 adults participating in Phase I and II vaccin
Enhanced fidelity of 3TC-selected M184V HIV reverse transcriptase.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:11 (abstract no. Mo.A.380); Wainberg MA, Hsu M, Gu Z, Inouye P, Quan Y; McGill University AIDS Centre-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-340-7537. E-mail: mdwa@musica.mcgill.ca.; Objective: To determine the basis of success of 3TC in recent clinical trials that have reported increased CD4 counts and diminished viral burden. Specifically, we asked whether these findings might be attributable to an increase in fidelity of HIV reverse transcriptase conferred by the M184V substitution responsible f
Mutations associated with 3TC-resistance enhance the polymerase fidelity of HIV-1 RT.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:11 (abstract no. Mo.A.381); Prasad VR, Drosopoulos W; Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. Fax: 718-430-8711. E-mail: Prasad@aecom.yu.edu Vinayaka.; Objective: To determine whether mutations associated with 3TC-resistance confer an increased polymerase fidelity to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Methods: Recombinant wild type, Met184Val, Glu89Gly and Met184Val/Glu89Gly HIV-1 RT heterodimers were purified. These RTs were assayed in vitro, with model template-primers, f
In vivo evidence for modulation of HIV-1 dynamics by target cell availability and cellular immunity.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:11 (abstract no. Mo.A.382); Goudsmit J, De Wolf F, Lukashov VV, Van Oers RH, Bakker M, Boucher CA, Danner SA; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-6916531.; Objective: To assess the role of availability of HIV-1 susceptible cells and T cell immunity in the maintenance of HIV-1 steady-state levels during infection. Materials and Methods: Two late stage HIV-1 infected male homosexuals received two syngeneic bone marrow transplants (BMT) each, one with and one without prior h
Retroviral fitness and drug selection pressure.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:11 (abstract no. Mo.A.383); Harrigan PR, Bloor S, Nowak M, Larder BA; Clinical Virology, Beckenham Kent, UK.; Objective: To quantitate the effects of mutations conferring resistance to antiretrovirals such as zidovudine ( AZT ) on viral fitness and drug selection pressure. To allow estimation of steady state levels of given viral variants and patterns of development of drug resistance. Methods: Cultures of defined mixtures of
Determinants of long-term non-progression: the relative contribution of viral burden and strain variation.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:11 (abstract no. Mo.A.390); Sheppard HW, Krowka J, Ascher M, Cuevas B, Dondero D, Lu E; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, Calif. Dept. Health Services, Berkeley, CA, USA. Fax: (510)540-2127. E-mail: hsheppar@HIVnet.fhcrc.org.; Objective: To determine the relative contribution of virus burden and virus strain variation to differences in the rate of progression from HIV-1 infection to AIDS. Do long-term non-progressors harbor attenuated strains of HIV-1? Methods: Longitudinal studies of virus burden (measured as cellular provirus or plasma RNA
HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte and proliferative responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of subjects with stable non-progressing HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:11 (abstract no. Mo.A.391); Kalams SA, Harrer T, Harrer E, Billingsly M, Trocha AK, Shea A, Jones N, Hartman KE, He S, Johnson RP, Buchbinder SP, Walker BD; MGH-East, Charlestown, MA, USA. Fax: (617) 726-5411.; Objective: To determine the immune correlates of long-term non-progression in HIV-1 infected subjects Methods: Long term non-progressors were asymptomatic gay men with CD4 counts greater than 500 cells/mm3, and a duration of infection of longer than 10 years. Control subjects were infected less than 7 years and had CD4
Characterization of a polyclonal cytolytic T lymphocyte response to human immunodeficiency virus in individuals without clinical progression.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:12 (abstract no. Mo.A.392); Lubaki MN, Dhruva B, Quinn TC, Siliciano RF, Bollinger RC; Johns Hopkins University, Ross Research Building, Baltimore, MD. Fax: 410-955-7889. E-mail: NLUBAKI@WELCHLINK.WELCH.JHU.EDU.; Objective: To characterize a detailed clonal analysis of the cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to HIV-1 in two individuals who have been infected with HIV-1 for greater than 10 years and have maintained an absolute CD4 counts of greater than 800 cells/mm3. Methods: HIV-1-specific CTL activity was measured in fresh
Immunological studies on the french cohort of 70 HIV-1-infected long-term non progressors (LTNP).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:12 (abstract no. Mo.A.393); Hadida F, Bonduelle O, Candotti D, Bouley JM, Costagliola D, Agut H, Rouzioux C, Goubar A, Clauvel JP, Sicard D, Autran B; Laboratoire D'Immunologie Cellulaire, Paris, France. Fax: (33 1) 42 17 74 90.; Objective: To study the immunological parameters associated to the LTNP status with special regards for the CD4+ T helper cell reactivity to HIV. Methods: A cohort of 70 LTNP was recruited in 1994 on the following criteria: infection for at 8 years, positive or null CD4 T cell slope for the last 5 years above 600/mm3,
HIV phenotype and interleukin-2/interleukin-10 ratio are associated markers of protection and progression in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:12 (abstract no. Mo.A.394); Clerici M, Balotta C, Salvaggio A, Riva C, Trabattoni D, Papagno L, Berlusconi A, Rusconi S, Villa ML, Moroni M, Galli M; Cattedra di Immunologia, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, ITALY. Fax: 39-2-3821-0350. E-mail: mago@imiucca.csi.unimi.it.; Objective: To establish possible correlations between virologic and immunologic markers of protection and progression in HIV-infected individuals. Methods: We cross-sectionally analysed the rate and extent of HIV replication; HIV phenotype; in vitro-stimulated cytokine production [interferon gamma and interleukin-2 (ty
Microsatellite polymorphisms of the human TNF locus are associated with the rate of HIV disease progression.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:12 (abstract no. Mo.A.395); Khoo SH, Pepper L, Snowdon N, Wilkins EG, Valleley P, Ollier W; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.; Background: The rate of immunological deterioration and progression to AIDS differs markedly between HIV-positive individuals, and may be influenced by cofactors, HIV phenotype and the host T-cell response. Production of TNFalpha stimulates viral replication and may accelerate progression and CD4 depletion. MHC polymor
SIV-superinfection immunity in macaques is influenced by the dose of attenuated virus.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:12 (abstract no. Mo.A.400); Sharpe SA, Whatmore AM, Cook N, Polyanskaya N, Hall G, Rud E, Stott EJ, Cranage MP; CAMR, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wilts, United Kingdom. Fax: 44 1980 611310.; Objective: To determine if the dose of live attenuated SIVmac used to immunise macaques influences the outcome of subsequent challenge with virulent, non-clonal virus. Methods: Ten rhesus macaques were inoculated with the SIVmac molecular clone C8, which has an attenuated phenotype in vivo due to a 12bp in-frame deleti
Immune parameters among highly exposed, persistently seronegative (HEPS) Thai women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:13 (abstract no. Mo.A.401); Rungruengthanakit K, Duerr A, Suriyanon V, Flowers L, Nagachinta T, Tansuhaj A, Kunangern D, de Boer M, Nelson KE; Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Fax: 66 53 221849.; Objective: To investigate immunologic parameters associated with lack of sexual transmission of HIV to women despite repeated exposure to a single HIV-infected (HIV+) partner. Methods: Highly exposed persistently seronegative (HEPS) women were selected from an ongoing study of HIV transmission from HIV-infected (HIV+)
Are high-risk HIV-seronegative Zambian women resistant or just lucky?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:13 (abstract no. Mo.A.402); Krowka JF, Allen S, Weinstein S, Santamaria C, Cuevas B, Gestner M, Sheppard H; California Dept. of Health Services, Berkeley, CA, and UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Fax: 510-540-2579. E-mail: SFJOHNK1@AOL. COM.; Objective: To determine if T cell responses play a role in preventing infection of high-risk HIV-seronegative (HIV-) Zambian women. Methods: Blood from matched high-risk (married to HIV+ men) and low-risk HIV- Zambian women were analyzed to compare peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) proliferative responses to Candida, a
Superinfection of HIV-2-infected pigtail macaques using two distinct isolates: identification of a window period for susceptibility.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:13 (abstract no. Mo.A.403); Otten RA, Ellenberger DL, Adams DR, Fridlund CA, Jackson E, Schochetman G, Rayfield MA; HIV Laboratory Investigations Branch, DASTLR, NCID, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404)639-1010. E-mail: rxol @ciddas1.em.cdc.gov.; Objective: To establish and study homotypic mixed infections with two phenotypically and genotypically distinct primary isolates of HIV-2 using an established animal modeling system for human retroviral infection. Methods: Challenge stocks (102 macaque infectious doses) for a high syncytia-forming isolate from
Immune correlates of protection in HIV vaccine efficacy trials in nonhuman primates.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:13 (abstract no. Mo.A.404); Heeney JL, Bogers WM, Mooij P, Teeuwsen V; Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands. Fax: +31-15-2843986. E-mail: heeney@bprc.nl.; Objectives: To determine the nature of HIV-1 vaccine induced immune responses which correlate with protection from homologous as well as heterologous challenge with different isolates of HIV-1 in chimpanzees and SHIV in rhesus monkeys respectively. Methods: Within the ECCF programme a comparison of immune responses was
Antagonism of vaccine-induced HIV-specific CD4+ T cells by primary HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:13 (abstract no. Mo.A.405); Kent SJ, Greenberg P, Hoffman M, Corey L, McElrath MJ; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield, Australia. Fax: + 61 3 9482 6152. E-mail: kent@burnet.mbcmr.unimelb.edu.au.; Objective: Defining immune responses to HIV-1 vaccines which lead to favorable or unfavorable outcomes upon HIV-1 exposure will ultimately improve HIV vaccine design. Methods: T helper (Th) cell responses to HIV-1 were cloned and analyzed in a recipient of a candidate HIV-1 vaccine who subsequently became infected with
Induction of primary isolate-neutralizing antibodies by candidate HIV-1 vaccines.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:14 (abstract no. Mo.A.406); Zolla-Pazner S, Berman P, Gregory T, Robert-Guroff M, Natuk R, Sinangil F, Steimer K; V.A. Hospital, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-951-6321. E-mail: ZOLLASo1@MCRCR6.MED.NYU.EDU.; Objective: To determine if antibodies (Abs) that neutralize HIV-1 primary isolates are induced in chimpanzees and humans immunized with various candidate HIV-1 vaccines. Methods: Coded panels of sera from HIV-infected humans and from uninfected humans and chimpanzees immunized with various HIV-1 vaccines were tested fo
Stimulation of HIV-1 LTR-directed transcription by the ras pathway requires the novel transcription factors RBF-1 and RBF-2.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:14 (abstract no. Mo.A.500); Bell B, Sadowski I; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UBC, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. Fax: (604) 822-5227. E-mail: brbell@unixg.ubc.ca.; Objective: We sought to determine the cis-acting DNA sequences necessary for the stimulation of HIV-1 transcription in response to the Ras signal transduction pathway in Jurkat T cells. Methods: We used cotransfection of activated Ras alleles with HIV-LTR-CAT reporter contructs to map the cis-acting DNA sequences essen
Regulation of HIV transcription in T cells and macrophages: critical role of NF-kB activation, and its control by nuclear IkBalpha.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:14 (abstract no. Mo.A.501); Virelizien JL, Alcami J, Arenzana-Seis dedos F, Italy RT; Concerted Action ("R'ocio" project) of Eu Biomed programme, and Unite d'Immunologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; Objective: How HIV uses the environment of T cells and macrophages to benefit its own latency and replication needs to be understood to better adapt future antiviral interventions to the original strategy of this human lentivirus. Project: A network of European laboratories (project ROCIO, Concerted Action of the BIOME
Cloning of a novel human protein that regulates NF-kB activity and delineation of phosphorylation events on Sp1: implications for HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:14 (abstract no. Mo.A.502); Jin DY, Chun RF, Jeang KT; Molecular Virology Section, LMM, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: (301) 402-0226. E-mail: kj7e@nih.gov.; Objective: To characterize the direct effector mechanisms that activate HIV-1 LTR transcription factors Sp1 and NF-kB by identifying novel regulatory second messengers and phosphorylation events. Methods: cDNA libraries were screened to identify a novel human antioxidant (AOE372). Full-length sequence of this cDNA was
Transdominant mutants of IkBalpha interfere with HIV-1 gene expression and replication.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:14 (abstract no. Mo.A.503); Hiscott J, Lin R, Beauparlant P, Kwon H, Clarke M, Gessani S, Belardelli F, Wainberg M; Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-340-7576. E-mail: MIJH@MUSICA.McGILL.CA.; Objectives: NF-kB/Rel transcription factors participate in the coordinate activation of HIV-1 and cytokine gene expression. In the present study, transdominant negative mutants of IkBalpha were examined for their ability to interfere with Tat-TNF activation of the HIV-1 LTR and HIV-1 replication. Methods: Point mutatio
Survey on HIV-1 group O infection in 12 different African countries.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:14 (abstract no. Mo.A.510); Peeters M, Mboup S, Gueye A, Liegeois F, Patrel D, Vanden Haesevelde M, Delaporte E; Service de Bacterio - virologie Hopital de Dantec B.P., Dakar, Senegal. Fax: 22121 64 42.; Objective: To determine to what extend HIV-1 group O strains are present in different African countries Materials and Methods: 11985 sera from 12 different African countries were tested ( Senegal , Mali , Togo , Burkina Faso , Niger ,
HIV-1M diversity analysed by serological subtyping: what assay, what antigens, significance?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:15 (abstract no. Mo.A.511); Barin F, Plantier JC, Buzelay L, Poisson F, Simon F, Peeters M; laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Bretonneau, France. Fax: (33) 47473610.; Objective: To develop performing assays for serological subtyping of HIV-1M infection and determine their value for epidemiological studies of HIV-1M diversity. Methods: We synthesized 30 aa long peptides representing the consensus sequences of the V3 regions from I) 8 subtypes defined by genetic analysis (Myers et al,
Detection of incident HIV infection using a reflex algorithm of laboratory testing methods.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:15 (abstract no. Mo.A.512); Galli RA, Major C, Fearon M, Swantee C, Francis A, Gregory B; HIV Laboratory, Ontario Ministry of Health, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada. Fax: (416) 235-6194.; Objective: To examine the efficacy of a laboratory testing algorithm for detection of incident cases of HIV in a population with varying exposure categories, with particular focus on the window period of infection. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the results of 256,265 specimens that were applied to a laboratory a
Multicentre evaluation of alternative methods for CD4 lymphocyte determination.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:15 (abstract no. Mo.A.513); Lyamya EF, Schechter M, Echeverria de Perez G, Vercauteren G; Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Fax: +255 51 44 544.; Objective: To evaluate the performances of four simpler and cheaper alternative methods for CD4 lymphocyte determination as compared to the reference method, (flow cytometry) in less-industrialized countries ( Brazil , Tanzania , Venezuela ). Methods: The performance of the FACScount (Becton Dicki
HIV-1 secreted viral antigens(SVA), polyphosphazene adjuvant, and SHIV challenge model.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:15 (abstract no. Mo.A.520); Lu Y, Touzjian N, Kushner N, Chutkowski C, Qian H, Jenkins S, Payne L, Roberts B; Virus Research Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. Fax: 617-864-6334. E-mail: 72054.701@compuserv.com.; Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of novel HIV-1 vaccine formulations composed of secreted viral antigens plus a unique adjuvant in rhesus monkeys. Methods: 1) HIV-1 SVA are prepared from a fibroblast cell line that is transformed with a genetically engineered HIV-1 provirus that is able to express all major viral pr
Immunogenicity of modified, recombinant HIV-1 virus-like particles in rhesus monkeys.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:15 (abstract no. Mo.A.521); Wagner R, Teeuwsen V, Deml L, Heeney J, Wolf H; Inst. of Medical Microbiology, University of Regensburg, Germany. Fax:.49 941 944 6402. E-mail: Ralf. Wagner@klinik.uni.rejensburg.de.; Objective: To develop a safe antigen delivery systems, which contributes towards defining the role of different arms of the immune system, that confer protection Methods: When expressed in insect cells, the HIV group specific antigen (gag) self assembles to highly immunogenic virus-like particles (VLP). The immunogenic
Induction of HIV-1 nef specific CTLs by nef expressing DNA vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:16 (abstract no. Mo.A.522); Asakura Y, Hamajima K, Fukushima J, Kaneko T, Tsuji T, Sasaki S, Bukawa H, Mohri H, Ohkubo T, Okuda K; Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 81-45-787-2509.; Objective: Recent studies have revealed the importance of HIV-1 specific CTLs for preventing the establishment of infection and prolongation of entire clinical course in the infected individuals. Among many epitopes of HIV-1 CTL determinants, Nef is thought to be one of the essentials in preventing the establishment of
Induction of immune responses by DNA of HIV-1 regulatory and structural genes.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:16 (abstract no. Mo.A.523); Wahren B, Hinkula J, Benthin R, Lundholm P, Svanholm C, Okuda K, Schwartz S; MTC, Karolinska Institute, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden. Fax: +46-8-272231.; Objectives: We aim to induce immunity to HIV by vaccination with regulatory and structural genes. Methods: The selected genes of HIV-1 tat, nef, rev, envelope gp160 and nucleoprotein were transactivated by the human cytomegalovirus promoter IE and named pHCMVsrev, pHSCVtat, pHCMVnef, pCMVgp160 and pCMVp37gag. Intramusc
Persistent oral ulcers in HIV infection: clinicopathologic correlation with salivary human herpes viruses.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:16 (abstract no. Mo.B.110); Flaitz CM, Boldogh I, Nichols CM, Albrecht T; Department of Stomatology, Dental Branch, University of Texas-Houston Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX. Fax: 713-792-2383.; Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to characterize the clinical and histopathologic features of persistent oral ulcers (POUs) in HIV infection and correlate these findings with various human herpes viruses (HHVs) in saliva. Methods: Sixty-two consecutive HIV-positive patients with POUs (duration great
A long-term randomized controlled clinical trial comparing fluconazole and itraconazole in the treatment of AIDS patients with candida esophagitis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:16 (abstract no. Mo.B.111); Barbaro G, Grisorio B, Calderon W, Di Lorenzo G, Barbarini G; Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases IRCCS, S. Matteo University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. Fax: 39-382-423320.; Introduction: Contrasting opinions exist about the pharmacological treatment of esophageal candidiasis in HIV-positive patients and little information is actually available regarding the response of Candida esophagitis to antifungal therapy. Aim of the study has been to assess the long-term therapeutic efficacy of fluc
Fluconazole resistant mucosal candidiasis in advanced HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:16 (abstract no. Mo.B.112); Fichtenbaum CJ, Koletar S, Yiannoutsos C, Chen D, Cohn S, Pottage J, Powderly W; Fax: 314-361-5231. E-mail: fichtenbaum@visar.wustl.edu.; Objective: To define the epidemiology of fluconazole resistant candidiasis in advanced HIV infection. Methods: ACTG 816 is a prospective, multicenter observational study of the incidence, risk factors and outcome of resistant mucosal candidiasis in HIV-infected persons with CD4+ lymphocyte counts less than 100 cells/mm
A randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging phase II European study of the safety and efficacy of chronically administered butanoyl-castanospermine (MDL 28,574A) HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:75 (abstract no. Mo.B.1121); Arasteh K, Czerwinska R, Schlote F, Fatkenheuer G, Jessen H, Moll A, Gehring P, Ulmer A, Hamedani P, McPherson M; Auguste-Viktoria-Hospital, Berlin, Germany. Fax: .49.30.7903.2005.; Study Drug: MDL 28,574A is a derivate of castanospermine, a naturally occuring plant alkaloid of the Australian chestnut. It is inhibiting the activity of alpha-glucosidase, a host cell enzyme, resulting in a diminished amount of gp 120 in the viral envelope, which may lead to reduced infectivity of the HIV virus. Obje
Stavudine (d4T)-HIV 1 viral load and CD4 positive cell count in HIV+ individuals pretreated with zidovudine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:75 (abstract no. Mo.B.1122); Mauss S, Adams O, Willers R, Haussinger D, Jablonowski H; Klinik fuer Gastroenterologic und Infektiologic, Universitat Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany. Fax: +49 1211 1811-8752.; Objective: To determine HIV 1 viral load and the course of CD4-positive (CD4+) cells in HIV-seropositive (HIV+) individuals treated with stavudine ( d4T ) after prolonged pretreatment with zidovudine (ZDV). Methods: HIV+ individuals with less than 350 CD4+ cells/micro
Defined manipulation of mutational pathways of the HIV-1 RT gene with the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) HBY 097.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:75 (abstract no. Mo.B.1123); Kleim JP, Winkler I, Rosner M, Kirsch R, Rubsamen-Waigmann H, Paessens A, Rie G, Hoechst AG; Frankfurt, Germany. Fax: +49-69-305-81908.; Objective: HBY 097 is a second-generation NNRTI oF HIV-1 replication and is at present undergoing phase I/II clinical trials. In vitro, HBY 097 causes the appearance of characteristic RT G190-E viral variants, which are resistant to the drug but display a crippled RT polymerase function and retarded growth properties.
Long term outcome of ZDV/ddC treatment in ZDV-experienced patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:76 (abstract no. Mo.B.1124); Banhegyi D, Gerlei Z, Szlavik J, Miskovits E, Ujhelyi E, Toth FD, Fust G; Saint Laszlo Hospital, Dept. of Immunology, Budapest, Hungary. Fax: (36)-1217-1422. E-mail: immunol@datanet.hu.; Objective: To evaluate the long term outcome of zidovudine/ zalcitabine ZDV/DDC treatment in heavily ZDV-pre-treated patients (pts) in survival, HIV related diseases and surrogate markers. Methods: 28 ZDV-experienced (mean 19,2 month, 6 - 40) pts were involved into this study. Mean CD4+cell count was 174/mm3 (42 - 320)
From monotherapy to the multidrug combination era: a case of sustained response to addition of nevirapine to continued zidovudine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:76 (abstract no. Mo.B.1125); Tumietto F, Costigliola P, Moroni Marco, Colangeli V, Borderi M, Venturi C, Spinosa S, Chiodo F; Boehringer Ingelheim, Milano, Italy.; Background and introduction: Recently, trials have demonstrated that multidrug treatment based on concurrent administration of at least two antiretrovirals is more effective than monotherapy in the treatment of HIV infection. Nevirapine (NVP), a new antiretroviral drug of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibi
A multicentric, prospective, randomized trial of IFN+ ddI versus ddI monotherapy in HIV patients. A preliminary report.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:76 (abstract no. Mo.B.1126); Casari S, Orani A, Scalzini A, Donisi A, Gregis G, Gattuso G, Carosi G; Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Brescia, Italy. Fax: .39.30.303061.; Objectives: To evaluate tolerability and efficacy of the combined therapy with IFN-DDI versus DDI monotherapy. Methods: Naive ARC pts with CD4+ less than 350/cmm were randomized to receive IFNalpha-2b MU 3x3/week + DDI mg 200x2/day for 12 months (GR 1) versus DDI mg 200x2/day for 12 months (GR 2), followed by 12 months
Anti-HIV activity and mechanism of nicked and circular dumbbell RNA/DNA chimeric oligonucleotides.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:76 (abstract no. Mo.B.1127); Yamakawa H, Hosono K, Inagawa T, Singh R, Takai K, Takaku H; Chiba Institute of Technology, Chiba, Japan. Fax: +81-474-71-8764.; Objective: We have studied a new type of antisense oligonucleotide, with RNA-DNA base pairs (sense (RNA) and antisense (DNA)) in the double helical stem (nicked and circular dumbbell DNA/RNA chimera oligonucleotides). Methods: The circularization of the 40 mer DNA/RNA chimeric oligonucleotide was carried out by enzymat
Plasma viral load (VL) and CD4 cell count changes in naive patients at 3 months after initiation of combined therapy with zidovudine (ZDV) and zalcitabine (ddC).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:76 (abstract no. Mo.B.1128); Ibanez A, Ruiz L, Puig T, Gutierrez C, Sanchez I, Clotet B; Retrovirology Lab, IRSI-Caixa and AIDS Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Fuojol, Badalona, Spain. Fax: .34-3-465 7602.; Objective: To examine the plasma viral load (RNA HIV-1 copies) at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks and to compare these values with CD4 cell counts in naive patients that initiated antiretroviral therapy with ZDV+ ddC . Methods: We studied 31 HIV seropositive patients not previously exposed to antiretroviral therapy ( naive pa
Safety and efficacy of zalcitabine (ddC) and zidovudine (ZDV) combination in HIV-positive persons with CD4 cell counts less than or equal to 300/mm3: an international open label evaluation (Roche study M50002).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:77 (abstract no. Mo.B.1129); Walker M, Moyle GJ, Harris R, Warburg M; Hoffmann La Roche, Basel, Switzerland. Fax: 41 61 6881820.; Objective. This study was initiated prior to the commercial availability of ddC to both provide ddc in countries where access was limited ( Spain , Italy , Mexico , South America, Benelux) and to collect well-controlled safety data
Complications in gastrointestinal CMV disease-prevalence, characteristics and clinical outcome.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Mo.B.113); Heise W, Arasteh K, Mostertz P, Schmidt W, Biniek B, Grosse G, L'age M; Auguste-Viktoria-Hospital, Berlin, Germany. Fax: 0049-30-7903 2005.; Objective: To determine the prevalence of life-threatening complications such as bleeding, perforation or obstruction in Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) gastrointestinal(GI) disease in AIDS. Methods: CMV disease in the GI tract was diagnosed in 257 symptomatic patients with AIDS. Life-threatening complications were defined as
Zidovudine prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV vertical transmission in the hospital clinic of Barcelona.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:77 (abstract no. Mo.B.1130); Martinez-Tejada B, Coll O, Zamora L, Fortuny C, Ravenau W, Lonca M, Lopez A; Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 641-5290. E-mail: tejada+@pitt. edu.; Objective: To assess the efficacy, evaluate the acceptability and monitor the compliance and side effects of zidovudine (ZDV) prophylaxis in HIV-infected pregnant women. Methods: Since June 1994, all HIV-infected pregnant women have been offered ZDV prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV vertical transmission. All women
Lamivudine (3TC) therapy for patients with advanced AIDS and less than 50 CD4 cells.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:77 (abstract no. Mo.B.1131); Sha BE, Pottage JC Jr, Benson CA, Agnoli MM, Haas A, Kessler HA; Section of Infectious Disease, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL.; Objective: To characterize the clinical and virologic response and tolerability of 3TC in patients with advanced AIDS. Methods: From March 1995 to December 1995 patients with AIDS and CD4 less than 50 cells/mm3 were enrolled, evaluated, and treated according to the 3TC compassionate treatment IND protocol.
A phase I trial of HIV protease inhibitor KNI-272 in patients with AIDS or symptomatic HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:77 (abstract no. Mo.B.1132); Humphrey RW, Nguyen BY, Wyvill KM, Shay LE, Lietzau J, Ueno T, Fukasawa T, Hayashi H, Mitsuya H, Yarchoan R; NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: (301) 402-3645.; Objectives: KNI-272, a novel transition-state mimetic tripeptide HIV protease inhibitor, was previously shown to have potent activity against HIV in vitro at concentrations of approximately .008 - 2 micromolar and to have reasonable oral bioavailibility in animals (Kageyama et al., AAC 1994; 38: 1107). The present stud
Persistence of CD4 lymphocyte increases at 18 months of treatment with lamivudine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:77 (abstract no. Mo.B.1133); Wiewora RJ, Landvay K; Stratogen of the Palm Beaches, Palm Beach Gardens, FL, USA. Fax: 407-775-8711.; Objective: Lamivudine has been shown to increase CD4 counts. This increase has been shown to persist for at least 12 months. We sought to determine if this increase persists for 18 months. Method: Seventy-seven patients in a community practice setting had received lamivudine since it became available through compassion
Surrogate marker responses from an open-label, extended use delavirdine mesylate (DLV) treatment in triple combination (ZDV+DLV+ddI or ZDV+DLV+ddC) for HIV-1+ patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:78 (abstract no. Mo.B.1134); Freimuth WW, Wang Y, Docsa SR, Greenwald CA, Wathen LK, Batts DH, Peel BG; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI. Fax: (616) 329-8593.; About 200 patients have entered this clinical trial from other phase II/III DLV protocols who have completed the original protocol, or who have had an AIDS defining illness or 50% decline in CD4 since entry into their respective protocol. This ongoing protocol permits the study of the effect of switching patients to DL
Early zidovudine treatment extends AIDS-free time.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:78 (abstract no. Mo.B.1135); Detels R, Munoz A, Peng Y, Graham N, Phair J, Mellors JS; UCLA, Dept. of Epidemiology (CHS), Los Angeles, CA, USA. Fax: (310) 206-6039. E-mail: detels@admin.ph.ucla.edu.; Objectives: To compare time to AIDS between men receiving zidovudine before or not before the diagnosis of AIDS, and time to death for men receiving zidovudine before or only after AIDS. Methods: For the time to AIDS, 821 men receiving zidovudine prior to AIDS were pair matched to men not treated on level of CD4+ cells
Survey of antiretroviral selection by physicians and HIV-infected persons.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:78 (abstract no. Mo.B.1136); Dong BJ, Luber AD; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 476-6632. E-mail: bjdong@itsa.ucsf.edu.; Objective: To describe the selection of antiretoviral agents by physicians and HIV-infected persons located in 3 different geographic regions, the information sources that influence decision making, and whether the 1993 NIAID guidelines represent the current standard of practice. Methods: A survey depicting 5 different
Clinical and virological responses to ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV protease.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:78 (abstract no. Mo.B.1137); Korneyeva M, Molla A, Kempf D, Vasavanonda S, Chernyavskia T, Boucher C, Schipper P, Lyons N, Gao Q, Norbeck D, Leonard J; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL. Fax: (847) 938-1021.; Objectives: Ritonavir , a potent and selective peptidomimetic inhibitor of HIV protease, exhibits high oral bioavailability and demonstrates profound antiviral and immunologic activity in HIV-infected humans. Methods: In Phase II studies, maximum declines (more than 1 order of magnitude) in plasma viral RNA were observ
Efficacy and safety of MDL 28,574A in HIV-positive patients with baseline CD4 values of 100 - 300.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:78 (abstract no. Mo.B.1138); Zolnouni P, Berger DS, Perez G, Hamedani P, Frampton M, Gibson C, Sidarous E, Stoltz M; California Clinical Trials, Beverly Hills, CA, USA. Fax: (310) 854-5419.; Introduction: MDL28,574A (MDL) is a butanoyl derivative of castanospermine (CAST), a naturally occurring plant alkaloid, with 30-fold greater anti-HIV activity in-vitro than CAST. MDL is under development for delay of the progression of disease in HIV-positive patients. MDL is an alpha-glucosidase I inhibitor which act
An evaluation of the effect of Invirase (saquinavir) HIV proteinase inhibitor on plasma HIV-1 RNA: a substudy of the Invirase open-label compassionate treatment program (SV 14974).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:78 (abstract no. Mo.B.1139); Torres R, Barr MR, Weber PF, Siemon-Hryczyk M, Salgo MP, Yucaitis J, Lam WS, Busa MS; AIDS Center, St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 353-3056. E-mail: gabrieltop@AOL.com.; Objective: To study the effects of saquinavir on plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and to correlate the effect of these changes with clinical outcome and survival in HIV-1 infected patients with CD4 cell counts less than or equal to 300 cells/mm3 who have previously b
Clinical manifestations, extraintestinal complications and long-term course of intestinal Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Mo.B.114); Briner D, Meister TH, Luthy R, Weber R; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: 41-1-255 32 91.; Objective: To determine the clinical manifestations, complications, and the long-term course of E. bieneusi-infection. Methods: 55 HIV+ patients (5 women, 50 men) with E. bieneusi-infection were studied. Patients were prospectively followed in the ongoing Swiss HIV cohort study (SHCS) which included the evaluation of p
Single-dose and steady-state pharmacokinetics of escalating regimens of 1592U89 with and without zidovudine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:79 (abstract no. Mo.B.1140); McDowell JA, Symonds WT, LaFon SW; Glaxo Wellcome, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC. Fax: 919-315-0440. E-mail: jim_mcdowell@us.wfl.com.; Objective: To determine the single dose and steady-state pharmacokinetics (PK) of escalating regimens of 1592U89, a new purine-based nucleoside analog with significant in vitro anti-HIV activity, and to evaluate possible effects of concomitant zidovudine (ZDV) capsules upon the PK of 1592U89. Methods: 1592U89 was admin
Acyclovir in combination with zidovudine does not prolong survival in advanced HIV disease.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:79 (abstract no. Mo.B.1141); Erbelding EJ, Moore RD, Chaisson RE; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: (410)955-7889. E-mail: eerbeldi@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu.; Objective: To evaluate the association between combination acyclovir (ACV) and zidovudine (ZDV) use and survival in a cohort of HIV-infected patients receiving care at an urban HIV clinic. Methods: We measured survival in a cohort of HIV-infected patients who had CD4 cell counts of 500 per cubic millimeter or less and
Low dose AZT in combination with ddC in HIV+ patients (pts) with hematological intolerance (HI) or failure to AZT (FA). Final report.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:79 (abstract no. Mo.B.1142); Lupo S, Bortolozzi R, Taborda M, Fernandez E, Kneitschel R, Santarelli MT; University of Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Fax: (54) (41) 248045.; Objective: the primary objective is to evaluate tolerance and toxicity associated with low dose of AZT in combination with ddC in pts previously treated with AZT with HI and FA. The secondary objective is to assess the efficacy of this association.
Anti-HIV activity after 24 weeks of the didanosine and hydroxyurea combination in HIV-1 infected patients with CD4+ mean value below 200/mm3.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:79 (abstract no. Mo.B.1143); Ruiz L, Clotet B, Cabrera C, Ibanez A, Puig T, Sirera G; Retrovirology Lab IRSI-Caixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 3-34-465 7602.; Hydroxyurea (HU) has shown to potentiate the anti-HIV-1 effect of didanosine ( ddI ) in vitro. We report 24 weeks follow-up of the anti-HIV activity of the ddI+HU combination administered to patients with CD4 mean value below 200/mm3. Our first objective was to assess the anti-HIV activity thro
Crixivan: summary of 24-week experience with Crixivan at 2.4g/d in phase II trials.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:79 (abstract no. Mo.B.1144); Chodakewitz JA, Leavitt R, Massari F, Hildebrand C, Arcuri K, Gilde L, Nessly M, Meibohm A, Ghosh K, Radkowski R, Getson A, Rockhold F; Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA. Fax: 610-834-0586.; Objectives: To integrate information regarding the efficacy and safety of CRIXIVAN ( indinavir sulfate, CXN), an oral HIV protease inhibitor, as assessed in multiple phase II clinical trials.Methods: Information from 3 different phase II clinical trials in which CXN therapy was initiated at the phase III dose (2.
Efficacy and safety of MDL 28,574A in HIV-positive patients with baseline CD4 values of 301-500.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:80 (abstract no. Mo.B.1145); Richmond GJ, Zolnouni P, Stall J, McPherson M, Hamedani P, Cross V, Sidarous E, Stoltz M; Ft. Lauderdale, FL. Fax: (305) 524-5833.; Objective: MDL28,574A (MDL), a butanoyl derivative of castanospermine, a naturally occurring plant alkaloid, is under development for use in the delay of the progression of disease in HIV-positive patients. MDL is an alpha-glucosidase I inhibitor which acts in the latter phases of viral replication by altering glycopro
Does legislation improve the safety of banked blood in Singapore? The experience with HIV and Hepatitis B.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:80 (abstract no. Mo.B.1146); Kan E, Ong D; Action for AIDS, Singapore. Fax: (65) 463-1220. E-mail: ogytt@sgh.gov.sq.; Singapore detected its first case of HIV in 1985. All banked blood has since been serologically screened for HIV. Screening also includes a 1 to 1 interview using a donor health assessment questionnaire modified since 1986 to include risk factors for HIV. Since 1989, donors have been further required to sign a statut
Evaluation of rapid HIV 1/2 double spot and STAT PAK tests.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:80 (abstract no. Mo.B.1147); Kohreanudom S, Kunanusont C, Phoolcharoen W; AIDS Division, Dept of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Fax: [66]-(2)-5903210.; Background: More HIV rapid test kits are commercially distributed in Thailand because of increasing awareness of HIV transmission risk. The major application is to test emergency donated blood especially in community hospitals where standard safe blood supply system is not well institutionalised. Objective: To evaluate
Training for safe blood programmes in sub-saharan Africa.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:80 (abstract no. Mo.B.1148); Goddard JM, Kataaha PK, Ssenyonga P; Nakasero Blood Bank, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-257484. E-mail: nbb@mukla.gn.apc.org.; Blood transfusion in sub-saharan Africa carries a high risk of transmission of HIV, Hepatitis B and C, Malaria and other infections. Prevention is by deferral of high-risk donors, testing of blood for infection markers and restricting blood transfusion to life-threatening situations. Implementation requires comp
Prevalence of HIV in different categories of blood donors attending a fixed site in Kampala.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:80 (abstract no. Mo.B.1149); Opollo MS, Aciro B, Goddard JM; Nakasero Blood Bank, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256 - 41 - 257484.; Objective: To analyze the prevalence of HIV in different categories of blood donors. Method: Everyone coming to donate blood at the fixed site at Nakasero Blood Bank were counseled prior to donating blood, this included interviews and physical observations to try and exclude blood from people in the window period or wh
Prospective evaluation of the clinical significance of intestinal microsporidiosis in 2 cohorts of HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Mo.B.115); Albrecht H, Sobottka I, Ziellmann M, Meyer S, Jackle S, Stellbrink HJ, Greten H; University Clinic Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. Fax: xx49-40-47175187. E-mail: albrecht@uke.uni-hamburg.de.; Objective: To determine the clinical significance of intestinal microsporidiosis in two different cohorts of HIV-infected patients and to compare the sensitivity and specificity of different diagnostic methods. Methods: Two prospective studies were performed: a) Between November 1993 and September 1994 stool samples of
Evaluation of encouragement strategies for regular voluntary donors to ensure an adequate supply of safe blood.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:80 (abstract no. Mo.B.1150); Stein MF, Nyamgenge M, Kataaha PK; UBTS, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256 - 41 - 257484.; Objectives: 1. To obtain a supply of safe blood. 2. To increase awareness of the dangers of HIV infection in blood donated. 3. To educate the public on how best to obtain safe blood, that is through the practice of self-deferment after unsafe sexual activity. Methods: 1. Re-organization of mobile teams to specific area
Confirmation testing of HIV p24+ seroconversion panel samples: application to blood supply testing.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:81 (abstract no. Mo.B.1151); Toedter GP, Brewer K, Hofheinz D; Coulter Corporation, Miami, FL, USA. Fax: 305-380-3699.; Objective: To determine the specificity of confirmation testing of HIV-1 p24 positive samples in the pre-seroconversion window period. Methods: Twelve HIV-1 seroconversion panels, Panels A, C, E, G, I, J, L, P, R, V, Z, AD (Boston Biomedica, Boston, MA) were tested using the Coulter HIV-1 p24 Antigen Assay. Samples fou
Detection of HIV genome using nested RT-PCR in blood products in Japan.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:81 (abstract no. Mo.B.1152); Namiko Y, Suzuki H, Fukushima K, Matsuo M, Hashimoto N; AIDS Research Center, NIH, Tokyo, Japan. Fax:(81)-3-5285-1150.; Objective: To determine HIV genome in blood products in Japan . Because, thirty percent of Japanese hemophiliacs have been infected with HIV, which contaminated the coagulation factor concentrates (blood products) they used in their treatment largely. We compared with unheated blood products since produced in 1985 and
Proposal of a new model of hospital care in HIV/AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:81 (abstract no. Mo.B.1153); Bevacqua AN, Maglio F, Barreda V; San Martin Hospital, Parana, Entre Rios, Argentina. Fax: 54-43-23-0523.; Incorporation of patients pertaining to self- help-groups in the assistance strategy of an Infections- Diseases Service. Project: The functions of self-help groups are: administrative, companion of patients, participation in medical functions, social support, education and prevention. Professionals and technicia
Home care for HIV + patients in Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:81 (abstract no. Mo.B.1154); Zajdenverg R, Giordani ML, Raimundo PA; Affiliated Physicians of Golden Cross, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: +55 21 267-0920. E-mail: Betode@ax.apc.org.; Objective: To determine length of stay, prevalence of opportunistic infections and causa mortis in HIV+ pts in a private home care service (Golden Cross) in Brazil . Methods: Retrospective study of 61 charts from September 5,1994 to Feb 2,1995. Results: 327 pts had been followed and 61 (18.6%) were HIV+. The average du
The development and implementation of a seamless pharmaceutical care program for HIV patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:81 (abstract no. Mo.B.1155); Foisy M, Tseng A, Blaikie N; The Wellesley Hospital, C/O Pharmacy Department, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 416-926-5050.; Due to the complex and progressive course of HIV disease, patients will require varying types and intensities of medical care. Throughout a patient s illness, ambulatory, community, and hospital pharmacists can all play key roles in assisting patients with their medication-related concerns. There is a need for i
Improving, enriching and enabling appropriate home-based care for people with HIV and AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:81 (abstract no. Mo.B.1156); Walker D; The Canadian Association for Community Care (formerly HomeSupport Canada and the Canadian Long Term Care Association), Ottawa, Ontario. Fax: 613-241-5923.; Face-to-face networking and collaboration at the local level improves and enriches the training of the homecare/home support sector. Project: There have been various models of training targeting the home care sector providing care to people living with AIDS. These sessions have been held in a number of regions:
Development of an occupational therapy role to provide a continuum of care across institution and community.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:81 (abstract no. Mo.B.1157); Thomas S; The Wellesley Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 416-926-4911.; Occupational therapy (OT) services are traditionally provided in the hospital or in the community setting depending on the current health status or location of the person living with HIV/AIDS. People with HIV/AIDS lack continuity of care as their disease progresses because they do not see the same therapist when
Compliance to the medical service on HIV-positive patients in Japan.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:82 (abstract no. Mo.B.1158); Ajisawa A, Negishi M, Masuda G; Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: (81)-03-3824-1552.; Objective: To investigate compliance to the medical service on HIV-positive patients and describe factors related to the compliance. Methods: Four hundred and thirty four HIV+ persons had visited to Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital by the end of 1994. We reviewed the records of the 434 HIV+ persons and took age, se
Epidemiological, clinical, psychological and social features of the first hospice created in the west part of Mexico for people living with HIV/AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:82 (abstract no. Mo.B.1159); Aguiniga-Sanchez MA, Hernandez-Chavez A, Ramirez-Rodriguez JM, Amaya-Tapia G, De Luna-Lopez A, Valadez-Casillas A, Lopez-Guillen P; Ser Humano A. C. Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Fax: 8253965.; Introduction: AIDS is a disease that is distributed all around the world. In Mexico , AIDS has the sixth place of death rate. There are 24,843 reported cases until October 1st 1995. In Jalisco, there are 2,913 reported cases. Objetive: To value the epidemiological, clinical, psychological and social characteristics of
Itraconazole oral solution (IS) compared with fluconazole (F) for treatment of esophageal candidiasis (EC).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Mo.B.116); Moskovitz BL, Wilcox CM, Darouiche R, Wu J, Mallegol I; Janssen Research Foundation, Titusville, NJ. Fax: 609-730-3044.; Objective: To demonstrate comparable safety and equivalent efficacy of IS, a cyclodextrin formulation with greater bioavailability than itraconazole capsules, to F for treatment of EC in immunocompromised patients. Methods: This was a double-blind, double-dummy study. Patients were randomized equally to IS or F, 100-20
HIV care standards equivalent regardless of type of outpatient practitioner.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:82 (abstract no. Mo.B.1160); van den Berg-Wolf MG, Moyer D, Tedaldi E, Shah S, Yim R, Galloni T; Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Fax: 215-707-3644.; Objective: To determine practitioner adherence to CDC guidelines for comprehensive and appropriate care of HIV- infected outpatients in an urban academic medical center. Methods: The encounters of all HIV-infected outpatients (17 females, 53 males) who presented to HIV clinic, between July 1, 1994 and July 1, 1995 were
AIDS drug assistance programs in 42 U.S. states: characteristics of clients served, drugs dispensed, and the role of Federal funding.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:82 (abstract no. Mo.B.1161); Eichler A, Baitty R; Division of HIV Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, USA.; Objectives: To describe the numbers and characteristics of clients served, drugs dispensed, and annual funding levels of AIDS drug assistance programs in the USA. Methods: Data were collected from 45 States including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , and the District of Columbia on clients served and drugs dispensed fo
Long-term care for people with HIV/AIDS in a dedicated skilled nursing facility.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:82 (abstract no. Mo.B.1162); Selwyn PA, Molde S, Constantino J, Demarinis J, Lesnick N, Costello G, Wetherill P, Kennedy C; AIDS Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Fax: (203) 737-4051.; Background and Rationale: As AIDS becomes more of a chronic disease, and with the changing dynamics of managed care and health care delivery, a growing need has arisen for long-term, non-hospital-based care. In October, 1995, in response to this need, Leeway, a freestanding, 30-bed skilled nursing facility for people w
Primary care vs. subspecialists' questions of an HIV telephone consultation service.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:83 (abstract no. Mo.B.1163); Liljestrand P, Goldschmidt R, Balano K, Moy A, Legg J, Dong B, Leoung G; CPAT, SF General Hospital, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 476-3454. E-mail: petral@itsa.ucsf.edu.; Objective: To compare primary care vs. subspecialists usage of the National HIV Telephone Consultation Service. Methods: The HRSA/AIDS ETC National HIV Telephone Consultation Service provides HIV education and clinical consultation for health-care providers. Data on physician callers (N=2,292), calls (N=4,486), encount
Occupational therapy: bedside evaluation and treatment of dysphagia for people with HIV disease in the hospital.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:83 (abstract no. Mo.B.1164); Chan R, Ilaria G, Jacobs J; New York Hospital, Center for Special Studies, New York, NY, USA. Fax: (212)746-8415.; Patients hospitalized with HIV disease present with a variety of conditions resulting in dysphagia. Project: Diagnoses such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), toxoplasmosis, cerebrovascular accidents, central nervous system lymphoma , and encephalitis can lead to cognitive changes, decreased or
Medication adherence to long-term therapy in HIV disease.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:83 (abstract no. Mo.B.1165); Eldred LJ, Wu A, Chaisson RE, Moore RD; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, PA-C, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: (410)955-0740. E-mail: leldred@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu.; Objective: To determine the extent of adherence to long-term therapy in HIV-infected patients engaged in medical care. Methods: Adherence to therapy was determined by interview of a cohort of patients attending an urban HIV hospital-based clinic. All patients had been prescribed at least six months of anti-retroviral t
Home care for persons living with AIDS: a nursing care perspective.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:83 (abstract no. Mo.B.1166); Portillo CP, Holzemer W, Dawson C, Henry S; School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. E-mail: nursing c/o carmen_portillo@ccmail.ucsf.edu.; Objectives: The three objectives of this study were: 1) to describe the numbers and types of patient problems and nursing interventions received by a sample of patients receiving home care for an AIDS-related problem; 2) to compare (after controlling for prognosis rating) differences in numbers of patient problems and
Institutional care (inpatient/outpatient/day care).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:83 (abstract no. Mo.B.1167); Ong D, Verghese I, Leo YS, Teh AC; Communicable Disease Centre, Republic of Singapore. Fax: 286-5801. E-mail: lynnho@pacific.net.sg.; Objectives: 1) To reduce patients hospitalisation to save cost and patients can return home to be with family. 2) To create an affordable and conducive day treatment centre which is easily accessible. 3) To have a one-stop outpatient facilities. Patients were fearful of the disease and feel insecure staying at h
HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and practices of community-based primary care physicians and dentists.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:83 (abstract no. Mo.B.1168); Baldwin HD, El-Sadr W, Ellis C, Francis C; Division of Infectious Diseases and Dept. of Medicine, Harlem Hospital and Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-939-2968. E-mail: hdb8@columbia.edu.; Objective: Primary care physicians and dentists are likely to play an increasingly prominent role in the counseling and care of HIV-infected individuals. The role of these clinicians is of even greater importance in communities with high rates of HIV infection. We conducted an assessment of HIV/AIDS knowledge and the p
The costs and effectiveness of combination therapy with epivir (lamivudine)/retrovir (zidovudine) vs. retrovir.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:84 (abstract no. Mo.B.1169); Kempel A, Dickinson P, Morris S, Lacey L, Mauskopf J; Pharmametrics GmbH, Freiburg, Germany. Fax: 49-761-71520. E-mail: kit@pharmiq. freinet.de.; Objective: To evaluate the cost and effectiveness of combination therapy with Epivir (lamivudine)/Retrovir(zidovudine), compared with Retrovir alone, using Markov modelling. Methods: The clinical superiority of combination anti-retroviral therapy over monotherapy has been demonstrated using d
Itraconazole oral solution (IS) for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OC): results of two randomized, blinded studies.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Mo.B.117); Darouiche RO, Graybill JR, Vazquez J, Murray P, Wu J, Moskovitz BL; VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA. Fax: 713-794-7045.; Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of IS (cyclodextrin formulation) with clotrimazole and fluconazole (F) in HIV+ patients (pts) with OC. Patients: Study 1 (IS vs C) = 162 total pts enrolled, 134 HIV+ enrolled, 123 HIV+ evaluated; Study 2 (IS vs F) = 190 HIV+ pts enrolled, 179 evaluated; all pts evaluated ha
Influence of CMV disease in the hospitalary direct pharmaceutical cost of HIV patient.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:84 (abstract no. Mo.B.1170); Serrais J, Mallolas J, Ribas J; J. Mallolas Hospital Clinic I, Provincial, Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 34 3 2275457.; Objective: To estimate the difference of pharmaceutical cost in hospitalary HIV patient with or without CMV disease and his relation with CD4 cell count. Methods: This study was conducted on patients who were admitted to hospital between 1/1/93 and 12/12/94. We collected for each patient: 1) Major discharge Diagnosis (
Evaluation of asymptomatic eosinophilia in HIV-positive patients: is it really necessary?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:84 (abstract no. Mo.B.1171); Tietz A, Sponagel Lucas, Battegay M, Erb P, Gyr K, Zimmerli W; Medical Outpatient Clinic University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Fax: 41-61-2654604.; Objective: To examine the necessity and cost-effectiveness of laboratory tests in caucasian HIV-positive patients with blood eosinophilia. Methods: We investigated 125 HIV-positive caucasian patients for the occurrence of blood eosinophilia. Patients with absolute and relative eosinophilia were screened for conditions
The effect of income on the utilization of alternative therapies by HIV-positive individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:84 (abstract no. Mo.B.1172); Paterson MA, Carwein VL, Sabo CE; University of Nevada-Las Vegas, College of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV. Fax: 702-895-1356. E-mail: csabo@ccmail.nevada.edu.; Objective: To determine the effect of income on the utilization of alternative therapies (AT) in a cohort of HIV-positive individuals. Methods: A self-selected sample of 127 HIV-positive individuals completed a questionnaire designed to gather information on the frequency and reasons for use of alternative therapies. T
Hospital utilization by HIV+ and HIV-injection drug users before and during methadone treatment.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:84 (abstract no. Mo.B.1173); Batki SL, Sorensen JL, Young V; UCSF Dept. of Psychiatry, Div. of Substance Abuse & Addiction Med., SF General Hosp-Ward 93, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 206-6875. E-mail: atki93@itsa.ucsf.edu.usa.; Objectives: To determine the effect of enriched substance abuse treatment on hospital utilization by injection drug users (IDUs) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. Methods: Subjects were 96 IDUs, whose San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) medical records were examined for the study period 7/1/92-9/30/94.
Cost of medication therapy in ambulatory HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:84 (abstract no. Mo.B.1174); Fernandez E, Lago M, Nykamp D, Barnett CW; HRSA/BHPr, Rockville, MD. Fax: 301-443-8890. E-mail: efernand@hrsa.ssw.dhhs.gov.; Objectives: To examine the utilization and cost associated with the use of prescribed medications among ambulatory HIV-infected persons at primary health care centers funded by Ryan White Health Care Act, Title III(b). Methods: Participants (=223) were enrolled nationally from eight primary health care centers. Data wa
Diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in children born to HIV-1 infected mothers.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:85 (abstract no. Mo.B.1175); Liberatore D, Avila MM, Martinez PL, Libonatti O; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, National Reference Centre for AIDS, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 54-1-962-5404.; Objectives: Laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection in pediatric patients represents a major challenge because of transplacentary transmission of maternal antibodies. The aim of this work was to develop a test for early diagnosis of HIV-1 in children by detection of specific IgA antibodies. Methods: We have evaluated the
A new generation of HIV-diagnostic assay: testing for anti-HIV and HIVAg in one determination.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:85 (abstract no. Mo.B.1176); Faatz E, Upmeier B, Hoss E, Louwagie J, Ofenloch B; Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, Penzberg, FRG. Fax: 08856-60-3131.; Introduction: Even with the best anti-HIV diagnostic assays the early detection of seroconversion is on the average 5 to 7 days later than the detection by HIVAg-assays. Since performing HIV-screening with HIVAg assays in addition to anti-HIV assays is very expensive, we tried to combine both types of assay in one dete
Characteristics of a stabilization assay to detect specific antibodies to reverse transcriptase of HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:85 (abstract no. Mo.B.1177); Morita M, Yoshida H, Suzuki T, Hoshino H; The Kitasato Institute, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: (81)-3-3443-4298.; Objective: We developed a stabilization assay to detect antibodies against reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1. We examine the specificity and clinical significance of this assay. The specificities of stabilization and neutralization assays against RTs of HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV are examined comparatively. Methods: Human
False positive rates of anti-HIV antibody tests, EIA and PA.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:85 (abstract no. Mo.B.1178); Osato K, Matsubayashi T, Nagao T, Inuzumi K, Araki H, Kawai K; Osaka Prefectural Bandai Clinic for STD, Osaka, Japan. Fax: 06-693-7501.; Objective: To investigate the false positive rates of anti-HIV antibody tests, EIA and PA. Methods: Enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (EIA) and particle agglutination (PA) were used for screening tests of anti-HIV antibodies and WB was used for comfirmatory test. Results: Eleven false positive cases were found in 4687
Fully automated chemiluminescence assay for the detection of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)/type-2(HIV-2).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:85 (abstract no. Mo.B.1179); Matsuda J, Tsukamoto M, Gohchi K, Kawasugi K, Gotoh M, Kawamoto M, Takizawa N, Kanno T; Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 03-5375-0272.; Objective: We developed a new and fast automated chemiluminescence assay for the detection of antihuman immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)/-type-2 (HIV-2) antibody and evaluated this assay system as a screening test. Methods & Results: Firstly, we tested commercially available panel sera, including 39 anti-HIV-1
Gastric hypochlorhydria is associated with mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in patients with HIV/AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Mo.B.118); Koch J, Scott MK, Morgan D, Steuerwald M, Lor E, Cello JP; Div. of GI, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA. Fax: 415-641-0745. E-mail: hannes@itsa.ucsf.edu.; Purpose: To determine the association between gastric hypochlorhydria and MAC infection in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods: Evaluation of gastric fluid aspirate in patients with HIV/AIDS (study group) and patients not HIV-infected (control group) undergoing elective endoscopy (off all proton pump inhibitors and histami
Earlier patient identification through anonymous CD4 service.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:85 (abstract no. Mo.B.1180); Nookhai S, Phanuphak P, Hanvanich M; Program on AIDS, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand. Fax: 662-254-7577.; Objective: To study the benefit of the new concept of having an anonymous CD4 service to patients with HIV infection as compared to the conventional CD4 service at an AIDS clinic Method: Demographic and clinical data of 249 HIV-infected patients who had their first CD4 cell count at the newly established Thai Red Cross
A strategic approach to the implementation of HIV/STD lab quality assurance (QA) in a resource limited setting.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:86 (abstract no. Mo.B.1181); Kitson-Piggott W, Tillett T, Gayle C, Wilson V; CAREC/PAHO, Federation Park, Port of Spain, Trinidad. Fax: 809-622-2792. E-mail: cec_mail@paho.org.; Issues: The introduction of structural adjustment measures as well as the high incidence of AIDS are threatening the many advances made in primary health care in Caribbean territories. Regional governments are however advocating for health reform and improved health care delivery in the face of limited resources and de
Change of strategies HIV antibody testing in certain groups' population of Ukraine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:86 (abstract no. Mo.B.1182); Ivasyuk VP, Tchentsova KE, Kislykh E, Maximenok E, Vatamanyuk M, Kobyshcha U; The President's National anti-AIDS Committee, National Reference Laboratory, Kyiv, Ukraine. Fax: + 380(44) 244-3811.; Objective: To evaluate different HIV antibody testing strategies (with Western Blot (WB) and without WB) for IDUs. Methods: Two algorithms (one ELISA - ABBOTT HIV 1/2 3 rd Generation as screener, second ELISA - Vironostika Uniform II (Organon Teknika) and WB - New Lav Blot I (Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur) as confirmatory
Home HIV testing and counseling: an application of telemedicine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:86 (abstract no. Mo.B.1183); Frank AP, Wandell MG, Headings HD, Conant MA, Woody GE, Michel C; Hoffman Estates, IL.; Objective: To evaluate the utility of HIV-1 home specimen collection kits with telephone counseling in persons at normal or increased risk for HIV-1 infection. Methods: 1255 subjects were given a home collection kit to obtain their own lancet-drawn blood spot sample for laboratory analysis. Subjects received counseling
Testing of commercial HIV low titer and seroconversion panels with Empyrean HIV-1,2 test.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:86 (abstract no. Mo.B.1184); Babu UM, Kouyate Y, Jacob S, Desai M, Veltema S, Beal C, Bland D; Empyrean Diagnostics, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA.; Objective: A double blind study was conducted to determine the ability of Empyrean HIV-1,2 Test to detect antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 in low titer and seroconversion panels. Methods: Empyrean HIV-1,2 Test, developed by Empyrean Diagnostics, Inc., is a visual ELISA that uses a combination of recombinant HIV-1 protein
The detection of HIV serological variants using a synthetic peptide-based, indirect EIA.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:86 (abstract no. Mo.B.1185); Coleman PF, Monji N, Montana J, Cole CA, Higgs M, Mercier D, Shores P, Su PC, Ferrera C, Jinneman C; Genetic Systems - Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur, Inc., Redmond, WA. Fax: 206-861-5011.; Objective: To evaluate the capacity of a synthetic peptide, microwell EIA based on epitope regions derived from env and pol gene products to detect the presence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies in confirmed HIV-1 and HIV-2 positive sera, in well-characterized group O sera and in a BBI Panel (AfrRB1(M)) of partially charac
Performance evaluation of four Western Blot criteria to be used in clinical laboratories in a developing country.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:86 (abstract no. Mo.B.1186); Muchinik G, Juncos G, Munne M, Zapiola I, Bouzas MB, Andmejian G, Multare S, Wainstein C, Calello M; Unidad de Virologia, Hospital "F.J.Muniz", Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax:(54-1) 806-2078.; Objective: To evaluate four different criteria to interpret commercial Western Blots and to choose the one that can interpret more accurately the necessities of the clinical laboratories in developing countries Methods: Sera collected from patients requiring HIV testing were studied for HIV-1/2 using third generation t
Drug interactions & adverse drug reactions in HIV: chapters in "HIV infection: A Clinical Approach, 2nd ed.": Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:87 (abstract no. Mo.B.1188); Tseng AL, Foisy M; The Wellesley Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 416-926-5115.; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients often require drug therapy with multiple agents, especially in the later stages of illness. Polypharmacy is often associated with complex drug interactions and additive drug toxicities, which may adversely affect patient morbidity and/or mortality. However, sp
Relapse of pentamidine-induced diabetes in AIDS patient.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:87 (abstract no. Mo.B.1189); Ravaux I, Rihet P, Quinson AM, Mars ME, Sellier P, Gallais H; Pr Gallais Unit Hopital de la Conception, Marseille, France.; A 34 years old HIV-infected patient, diagnosed in 1988 (CD4 less than 50/mm3) treated with AZT 500 mg/day during 6 months, then by DDI 100mg bid since 12/93 and primary prophylaxis by aerosolized Pentamidine isethionate (AePi) (Quincke s edema due to Cotrimoxazole) presented a insulinopenic diabetes mellitus after intr
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus related to foscarnet and thirst loss related to CMV encephalitis in AIDS patient.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:87 (abstract no. Mo.B.1190); Force Gilles, Blanchard A, Leviel F, Tugler MH, Champetier de Ribes D; Hopital du Perpetuel Secours, Levallois-Perret, France. Fax: (33) 1 47 59 59 60.; Introduction: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is known to occur as a rare complication of several drugs. An AIDS patient with CMV disease developed NDI with foscarnet (PFA) therapy. A relative thirst loss was associated. Case record: A 43-year-old african HIV-infected woman was evaluated for polydipsia and polyuri
Zidovudine-induced pure red cell aplasia.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:87 (abstract no. Mo.B.1191); Gohchi K, Gotoh M, Kawasugi K, Tsukamoto M, Saitoh N, Matsuda J; The First Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 03-5375-0272.; Zidovudine ( AZT ) is a well known drug to be beneficial for the treatment of HIV-infected patients. However, AZT is also known to cause haematological toxicity such as megaloblastic anemia. We experienced a case of pure red cell aplasia induced by AZT. Case: The patient was 25-year old male with Hemophilia A.
Pharmacoepidemiology and drug interactions in ambulatory HIV-positive patients with less than 100 CD4+ cells.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:87 (abstract no. Mo.B.1192); Meister TH, Ledergerber B, Merk B, Opravil M, Luthy R; Div. of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: 41 1 255 3291. E-mail: tme@uszsira.unizh.ch.; Objective: To determine the patterns of drug use and the frequency of possible drug interactions in prescriptions of ambulatory HIV-positive patients with less than 100 CD4+ cell counts. Methods: Two hundred and fifteen patients were seen at least once between January 1st and June 30th 1995 in our AIDS outpatient clini
Drug reactions to co-trimoxazole in HIV infection possibly not due to hydroxylamines.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:88 (abstract no. Mo.B.1193); Koopmans PP, van der Ven A, Vree T, van der Meer JW; Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital St. Radboud Nijmegen, Netherlands.; Objective: To test the hypothesis that the increased incidence of drug reactions to cotrimoxazole (CTR) in HIV infection is due to the metabolite of sulphamethoxazole (SMZ), especially the hydroxylamine (HYD) of SMZ Methods: Co-soltrim(CSM) is a combination of sulfametrole(SMT) and trimethoprim. The pharmacokinetics of
Drug interactions with d4T phosphorylation in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:88 (abstract no. Mo.B.1194); Back D, Haworth S, Hoggard P, Khoo S, Barry M; Dept of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. Fax: 44 151 794 5540. E-mail: daveback@liverpool.ac.uk.; Objective: The dideoxynucleoside analogue d4T (2 ,3 -dideoxy-2 ,3 -didehydrothymidine; Zerit (), in common with other nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors, requires intracellular phosphorylation to the active triphosphate anabolite for inhibition of H
A case of isoniazid (INH) induced optic neuropathy in an asymptomatic HIV-infected woman and review of the literature.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:88 (abstract no. Mo.B.1195); Martin SG, Weidle PJ, Rismondo V, Bever S, Wheeler DA; University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD.; Issues: INH is frequently prescribed for HIV-infected individuals with a reactive tuberculin skin test (+PPD) or with active tuberculosis . Optic neuropathy is a rare complication associated with INH. Project: We report the first case of INH induced optic neuropathy in an HIV-infected adult. Results: A 35-year-old woma
The effect of fluconazole on the clinical pharmacokinetics of methadone.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:88 (abstract no. Mo.B.1196); Cobb M, Desai J, Brown LS, Zannikos P, Trapnell C, Rainey P; Addiction Research and Treatment Corporation, Brooklyn, NY. Fax: 718-522-3186.; Objective: To evaluate the possibility of a drug-drug interaction between fluconazole (FLU) and methadone (METH) in METH-maintained patients. Methods: Twenty-five METH-maintained patients were enrolled into the study. The study was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, pharmacokinetic and safety study in wh
Effect of ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:88 (abstract no. Mo.B.1197); Bertz RJ, Cao G, Cavanaugh JH, Hsu A, Granneman GR, Leonard JM; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL. Fax: (847) 938-5193. E-mail: g.richard.granneman@abbott.com.; Objective: To evaluate the pharmacokinetic effects of concomitant administration of multiple doses of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir on single doses of the antiinfective combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). Methods: This was an open label study during which each of 15 healthy male and fem
Effect of ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of ethinyl estradiol in healthy female volunteers.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:88 (abstract no. Mo.B.1198); Ouellet D, Hsu A, Qian J, Cavanaugh J, Leonard J, Granneman GR; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA. Fax: 847-938-5193. E-mail: daniele.x.ouellet@abbott.com.; Objective: To investigate the effects of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of ethinyl estradiol (EE). Methods: This was an open-label, single-center study in 23 healthy female volunteers. Subjects received the first dose of oral contraceptive (OC) containing 50 micrograms of EE and 1 mg of
Assessment of multiple doses of ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:89 (abstract no. Mo.B.1199); Cato A, Cavanaugh JH, Shi H, Hsu A, Granneman GR, Leonard J; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL. Fax: (847) 938-5193. E-mail: Allen.E.Cato@Abbott.com.; The pharmacokinetics of the antimycobacterial rifabutin (Mycobutin) and its active metabolite 25-O-desacetyl-rifabutin were assessed with concurrent administration of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir or placebo in 24 healthy males and females in a double-blind, parallel group study. After a 14-day lead-in period
Assessment of multiple doses of ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:89 (abstract no. Mo.B.1200); Hsu A, Granneman GR, Witt G, Cavanaugh JH, Leonard J; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL. Fax: (847) 935-3503. E-mail: Ann.Hsu@Abbott.com.; Objective: To assess the effect of ritonavir (an HIV-1 protease inhibitor) coadministration on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of theophylline. Study Design: Twenty-seven subjects (3 female) completed the 5-day theophylline lead-in period (3 mg/kg q8h). On Day 6, subjects were randomized in a 2:3 ratio to receive Reg
Effect of ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of desipramine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:89 (abstract no. Mo.B.1201); Bertz RJ, Cao G, Cavanaugh JH, Hsu A, Granneman GR, Leonard JM; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL. Fax: (847) 938-5193. E-mail: richard.j.bertz@abbott.com.; Objective: To evaluate the potential for concurrent dosing of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir to have a clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of the tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) desipramine (DMI). Methods: This was an open label study during which each of 14 healthy male and female volunteers r
Cutaneous eruptions associated with nevirapine (NVP) therapy in HIV-1 infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:89 (abstract no. Mo.B.1202); Kohlbrenner V, Dransfield K, Cotton D, Robinson P, Myers M; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT, USA.; Objective: A descriptive study of HIV-1 infected persons taking NVP with identification of risk factors for the development of cutaneous eruptions. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients enrolled into NVP clinical trials. Those patients experiencing cutaneous eruptions, defined as any occurrence of erythemat
A comparison between the respective in vitro toxicities of sulphametrole and sulphamethoxazole.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:89 (abstract no. Mo.B.1204); Coleman MD, Kohl C; Pharmaceutical Sciences Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK. Fax: 44 121 359 0733. E-mail: m.d.coleman@aston.ac.uk.; Objectives: to determine if sulphametrole (SMT) is less toxic in vitro compared with sulphamethoxazole (SMX). Methods: three toxicity tests have been used, all of which depended on rat liver microsomes (with or without the necessary NADPH for oxidative metabolism) to generate cytotoxic metabolites of SMX and SMT. They
A national study of access to dental care for HIV-infected patients in Canada.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:90 (abstract no. Mo.B.1205); McCarthy GM, MacDonald JK; Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.; Objective: To investigate dentists refusal to treat patients with HIV in Canada . Methods: A confidential mailed survey including items on sociodemographics, knowledge, attitudes and infection control was distributed to a random sample of all licensed dentists in Canada (n=6444). Follow-up included a reminder postcard
Compassionate access to experimental therapies: the Canadian saquinavir compassionate release programme.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:90 (abstract no. Mo.B.1206); Brabazon CJ, Kreppner J, Sussel R, De Haa L, Oza K, Moore W, Roy D, Conway D, Fauchere S; CAC, CTN, Vancouver, B.C. Fax: 604-631-5464.; Many people living with HIV/AIDS view compassionate access to experimental therapies as an ethical responsibility, while manufacturers see it as discretionary. Project: A committee of PLWHIV/AI, ethicists, and staff from the Canadian HIV Trials Network and industry representatives from Roche Canada
Psychological issues affecting physician's communications to patients about first AIDS defining diagnoses.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:90 (abstract no. Mo.B.1207); Henshaw P, Petrak J, Hedge B; St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 0171 601 8057.; Objective: To evaluate the extent doctors delay telling patients they have AIDS and factors that determine what the patient is told about the significance of the diagnosis. Method: Medical notes of 50 patients with AIDS (reported to UK CDC) were reviewed. Dates of AIDS Defining Illnesses (ADI), dates patients were info
Clinical features of HIV-1/2-seroprevalence among surgical and internistic cases at a health clinic in western Uganda.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:90 (abstract no. Mo.B.1208); Schmalzbauer E, Tibananuka S, Bronn C, Froesner GG; Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Munich, Germany. Fax: 0049/89/5380584. E-mail: ediths@m3401.mpk.med.unimuenchen.de.; Objective: Determination of HIV-1/2-Seroprevalence, risk factors and clinical features among Surgical and Internal Cases at a Health Station in Western Uganda . Methods: Altogether 243 (162 Trauma- and 81 General/Abdominal-) Surgical outpatients and 671 Internistic in-and outpatients were examined, registered and scree
Natural history of dual infection with HIV-1 and HIV-2.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:90 (abstract no. Mo.B.1209); Dattatray S, Maniyar JK, Kurimura T, Curmally F; G.T.Hospital, Grant Medical College, Bombay University, Mahim, Bombay, India. Fax: 91-22-4379604, 2083184, 2062847.; Aims: Dual infection with HIV-1 and HIV-2 is well known to occur. There is however very little literature on its natural history in India . To study natural history of dual infection with HIV-1 and HIV-2 in Bombay. Methods: All subjects were selected from patients presenting with STDs or skin and/or systemic markers of
Clinical profile of persons with single and dual HIV-1/2 infections in Bombay.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:90 (abstract no. Mo.B.1210); Hira S, Oberoi C, Gharpure H, Dupont H; AIDS Research & Control Centre (ARCON), Bombay, Mahim, Bombay, India. Fax: 91-22-444 0378. E-mail: subhash hira@lwbom.nandanet.com.; Objectives: To determine prevalence of single and dual HIV-1/2 infections and their clinical profiles. Methods: One hundred and eighty consecutive patients attending ARCON referral outpatient service at JJ Hospital in Bombay were recruited in the study in October 1995. Those testing HIV-1/2 reactive with ELISA were cla
Bacteremia in a cohort of 1164 patients with AIDS: incidence, species distribution and outcome.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:91 (abstract no. Mo.B.1211); Grossi P, Corona A, Dalla Gasperina D, Marone P, Minoli L; Infectious Diseases Department, IRCCS San Matteo-University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. Fax: 39-382-423320.; Objective: To determine the characteristics of all bacteremic episodes in a cohort of patients with AIDS followed at a single Institution in northern Italy . Methods: From February 1984 through December 1995 a total of 1164 patients with AIDS (273 females, 891 males, mean age 32.2, range 0.3-79.7 years) have been admit
A comparative study of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in HIV-positive and negative patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:91 (abstract no. Mo.B.1212); Gorgolas M, Blanco A, Fernandez Guerrero ML; Division de E. Infecciosas, Fundacion Jimenez diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics and mortality associated risk-factors in patients with S. aureus endocarditis with and without HIV infection. Methods: Seventy five cases diagnosed since 1985 were evaluated according to a established protocol. Routine laboratory test, blood cultures, chest X-ray and
Uncommon Campylobacters are not so uncommon in stool of HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:91 (abstract no. Mo.B.1213); Snijders F, Kuijper EJ, Danner SA, Dankert J; Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: -31-20-6972286.; Objectives: Uncommon Campylobacters (other than C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari) have sporadically been isolated from humans with diarrhoea. Little is known about the incidence of uncommon C. s in stool of HIV-infected patients. Our objectives were to evaluate: the occurrence of uncommon C. s in HIV-infected patients,
Frequency and microbial etiology of sinusitis in Chilean HIV-positive patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:91 (abstract no. Mo.B.1214); Noriega LM, Vial PA, Rosenblut A, Gonzalez P, Perez J, Henriquez A, Michaud P; Hospital Sotero del Rio and Universidad Catolica, Santiago, Chile.; In a previous cohort study of Chilean patients with CD4 counts over 400 cells/mm3 sinusitis was detected with a frequency of 10% patient/year of follow up. Objective. To characterize clinical, radiologic and microbiological aspects of sinusitis in Chilean HIV+ patients. Methods. Among a cohort of 100 HIV+ patients, 12
Bacteremia and sepsis in HIV-seropositive patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:91 (abstract no. Mo.B.1215); Gritti FM, Guerra L, Fasulo G, Mazzetti M, Raise E; Di Pede B. Div. of Infectious Diseases, Dept. of Clinical Pathology, Ospedale Maggiore, Bologna, Italy.; Objectives. To evaluate: prevalence/incidence of bacteremia (B) and sepsis (S) in HIV+ patients (Pts) in retrospective (RsP) and prospective (PsP) periods; clinical features of S by SAPS and APACHE II; cytokines, IL-1 beta, IL-2 , IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, and INF-gamma in prospective cases of S. Methods: Incidence of B w
Bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients: clinical and epidemiological study.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:92 (abstract no. Mo.B.1216); Baril L, Astagneau P, Mengual X, Nguyen J, Caumes E, Bricaire F, Katlama C; Departement des Maladies Infectieuses Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere,Paris, France. Fax: (33) 144240450.; To determine the clinical and microbiological features of bacterial pneumonia (BP), all HIV-infected patients who consecutively presented clinical and radiological BP in our service from January to July 1994 underwent a protected specimen brush using fiberoptic bronchoscopy, blood cultures and serum collection for labo
Salmonella group D parotitis in an HIV-infected individual.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:92 (abstract no. Mo.B.1217); Hatcher J, Schranz J; Dept. of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York.; We describe a 44 year old HIV-infected male; CD4 lymphocyte count 540 cells/mm3, with bilateral parotid lymphoepithelial hyperplasia. The parotid gland hyperplasia intermittently required fine needle aspiration with prompt resolution of swelling and pain. This patient developed acute onset of fever (104 degrees F), rig
CMV retinitis treatment in AIDS patients in Argentina.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:92 (abstract no. Mo.B.1218); Perez H, Puente S, Mestre C, Casiro A; Cahn P-Hospital Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: (541) 983-7774.; Objective: To study effect of treatment on CMV retinitis (CMV-R) in AIDS patients in Argentina . Methods: We studied 122 AIDS cases who met diagnostic criteria for CMV-R (11.6%), 109 were followed for at least 1 month, while the other 13 pts discontinued controls after diagnosis. Gancyclovir (GCV) was the initial choic
Early detection of CMV retinitis relapse in HIV patients and antiviral monitoring by CMV antigenemia, DNA hybridization and DNA PCR on sera.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:92 (abstract no. Mo.B.1219); Riss JM, Zandotti C, Petit N, Moreau J, Dhiver C, Gastaut JA, Bourgeade A; Service D'ophtalmologie, Marseille Cedex, France. Fax: 91.38.70.79.; Objective: To determine virological markers of Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis relapse and virological markers for antiviral monitoring in HIV patients under anTI CMV therapy. Methods: Fifteen HIV patients have been followed from 3 to 9 months after diagnosis of CMV retinitis. All were on maintenance therapy with int
Safety profile of foscarnet administered by portable infusion device in combination with oral hydration (OH) in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in patients with AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:92 (abstract no. Mo.B.1220); Obadia M, Bicart-See A, Gonzalez C, Averous S, Maurette M, Auvergnat JC; Hopital De Jour, Toulouse, France. Fax: 3361772138.; Objective: High frequency of CMV infections, necessity of burdensome maintenance therapy for patients more and more often in good general condition, has comitted us to propose infusion of foscarnet by means of a portable infusion device with concomittant OH to improve the quality of life in these patients. Methods: Fos
Improved surgical technique for implantation of the intraocular sustained-release ganciclovir implant reduce postoperative complications in patients with AIDS and CMV-retinitis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:92 (abstract no. Mo.B.1221); Guembel HO, Rosenkranz C, Mauck K, Fries U, Schnaudigel OE, Even van G, Ohrloff C; University Eye Clinics, Hessen, Germany. Fax: 06103-63015233.; Objective: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis could be a main problem because of a long term venous access for administration of any antiviral therapy (ganciclovir, foscarnet) and its side effects. Direct ocular treatment with an intraocular sustained release ganciclovir implant is known as very effective in delaying th
Causes of death in a cohort of patients with advanced HIV disease enrolled in an international cytomegalovirus prophylaxis study.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:93 (abstract no. Mo.B.1222); Hurwitz S, Holland F, Owens S, Coakley D, Fry J, Feinberg J; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: (617) 432-3163.; Objective: To describe the causes of death in a clinical trial cohort of patients (pts) with advanced HIV disease receiving aggressive medical management. Methods: We evaluated and categorized the causes of death among 1227 participants with CMV IgG+ and CD4+ less than 100 in a CMV prophylaxis study comparing valaciclo
High dose (4 mg/0.1cc) intravitreal ganciclovir for zone 1 CMV retinitis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:93 (abstract no. Mo.B.1223); Lieberman RM, Orellana J, Chatterjee R, Velez W, Dauhajre J, Adelson K; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.; Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of high dose (4.0 mg / 0.1 cc) intravitreal ganciclovir. Methods: Ten patients (10 eyes) with progressing persistent Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in zone 1 were treated with a combination of systemic antivirals and intravitreal ganciclovir. The intravitreal dose was
Human cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 DNA in colonic mucosa from HIV-seropositive patients with diarrhea.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:93 (abstract no. Mo.B.1224); Gautheret A, Monfort L, Poirel L, Desire N, Nicolas JC, Agut H, Beaugerie L; Service d'Hepato-Gastroenterologie et Nutrition, Hopital Rothschild, Paris, France. Fax: 33 (1) 40 19 34 36.; Objectives: To study the presence of HCMV, HHV-6 and HHV-7 in the colonic mucosa of HIV-seropositive subjects with diarrhea. Methods: Thirty two HIV-seropositive patients with diarrhea were explored. Left-sided colonoscopy with intestinal biospy, cultures of stool and intestinal biopsy samples, and anatomopathological
Frequency of CMV-infection of the lung in AIDS-patients and its pathogenic impact.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:93 (abstract no. Mo.B.1225); Bieniek BJ, Arasteh K, Heise W, Futh U, Averdunk R, Grosse, L'age M; Auguste-Victoria Hospital, Berlin, Germany. Fax: 030-79032005; Objective: To evaluate the role of CMV-infection of the lung in severe therapy-resistant pneumonia or spontaneous pneumothoraces in AIDS-patients. Method: Fifteen HIV-infected men with symptoms of severe pneumonia have been observed: Detection of cytomegalo-virus-cells and CMV-immuno-histochemistry in lung tissue. Resu
Predictive values of CMV-pp65 antigenemia for the diagnosis of CMV disease in HIV-infected adults.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:93 (abstract no. Mo.B.1226); Reynes J, Montes B, Atoui N, Segondy M; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France. Fax: 33 67 33 77 60.; Objective: To establish the diagnostic value of the cytomegalovirus ( CMV )-pp65 antigenemia in CMV disease occuring in HIV-infected patients. Methods: CMV-pp65 antigen in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) was assayed in 373 samples from 138 randomly-included adults followed up for a symptomatic HIV-1 infection (71,
Fungemia in patients with AIDS: etiological aspects.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:93 (abstract no. Mo.B.1227); Silva ML, Melhem M, Orozco SF, Ninomiya A, Palhares MC; Instituto Adolfo Lutz-Secretary of Health, Brazil. Fax: 55 11 853 3505.; Objective: To determine the etiological agents responsible for fungemia occurring in patients with AIDS. Methods: From 1989 to 1995, 2884 samples from 1628 febrile patients clinically assessed by CDC AIDS case-definition criteria were analysed. Blood samples were directly inoculated onto brain heart infusion (BHI) medi
Primary fluconazole prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in patients with advanced HIV disease.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:94 (abstract no. Mo.B.1228); Manfredi R, Chiodo F; Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Fax: +39 51 34.35.00.; Objective: To assess the efficacy of oral fluconazole (flu) in the prevention of systemic AIDS-related fungal diseases. Methods: All clinical records of HIV-infected patients (p) followed during the last 6 years were evaluated retrospectively, in order to identify p with a CD4+ cell count less than 200/microliter and n
Antifungal activities of antifungals against clinically isolated Candida species from oral cavities in HIV carriers / AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:94 (abstract no. Mo.B.1229); Ito A, Kawata K, Mitsuda T, Ichikawa S, Kawasaki K, Sudo T, Ikedo M, Yamaguchi H; Yokohama City Univ. Hospital Clinical Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 81-45-787-2915.; Objective: To compare the isolated positive rate of Candida species in 31 HIV/AIDS patients with that in 64 healthy individuals and evaluate antifungal activities of various antifungal agents against isolated Candida species from oral cavities. Methods: Clinical isolates were collected repeatedly by swabbing oral cavit
Scedosporium prolificans infection in an AIDS patient.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:94 (abstract no. Mo.B.1230); De Pablos M, Aldamize M, Portu JJ, Soto MJ, Michaus L, Lezaun MJ, Jimenez JC; Hospital Txagorritxu, Microbiologia, Vitoria, Spain.; Objective: To describe pulmonary infection due to Scedosporium prolificans in a patient with AIDS. Clinical Case: 37 year old male, HIV infection known for 9 years. He had developed extrapulmonary tuberculosis , latent syphilis, herpes zoster, and HIV encephalopathy. His CD4+ cell count was 27/mm3 (13.4%). He developed
Ventricular shunting in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and uncontrollable intracranial hypertension.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:94 (abstract no. Mo.B.1231); Bach MC, Tally PS; University of South Florida,Bradenton, Florida, USA.; Objective: To demonstrate the therapeutic value of CNS shunting to correct severe intracranial hypertension associated with cryptoccal meningitis. Methods: Surgically placed lumbar-peritoneal (1) or ventriculo-peritoneal (4) shunts were placed in five patients with AIDS and acute cryptococcal meningitis. Their severe i
Extrapulmonary invasive aspergillosis in AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:94 (abstract no. Mo.B.1232); Mylonakis EE, Kwakwa H, Flanigan T, Mileno M; Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. Fax:(401) 331-8501. E-mail: Eleftherios Mylonakis@Brown.EDU.; Objective: HIV-positive patients have a frequency of invasive aspergillosis (IA) that varies between 0.9 and 8.6%. Pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) is the most frequent clinical presentation representing greater than 70% of cases. Methods: Retrospective review of the cases of IA that occured between HIV(+) patients in a ho
Clinical characteristics and management responses in 85 HIV-infected patients with positive oral candida cultures.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:94 (abstract no. Mo.B.1233); Silverman S Jr, Gallo JW, McKnight ML; Priscilla Mayer University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-476-4204.; Objective: To evaluate clinical responses to a systemic antifungal drug in HIV-positive patients with untreated oral candidiasis and compare with patient signs, symptoms, staging and fungal quantitation. Methods: Eighty-five consecutively seen HIV-positive individuals with oral candidiasis were evaluated for clinical c
Infection with hepatitis B(HBV) and hepatitis C(HCV) in patients HIV + in Buenos Aires, Argentina.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:95 (abstract no. Mo.B.1234); Lopez G, Russ C, Garcia MO, Cisneros JC, Gonzalez Blanco JC, Sicca G, Gonzalez S; Area Infectologia Policlinico Bancario, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Aims: To determine the incidence of infection through Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) in patients infected with HIV, analysing their distribution according to risky behaviour. To study the relation HbsAg and antiHbs in those infected with HBV. Material And Method: Out of the 262 patients (M/F 217/45) which compose our po
Prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies according to HIV status.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:95 (abstract no. Mo.B.1235); Bissuel F, Houhou N, Leport C, Brun-Vezinet F, Vilde JL; Infectious and Tropical Unit,Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, France. Fax: 33-1-40-25-88-60.; Objective: To assess the prevalence of Hepatitis E, a enterically transmitted hepatitis which resembles hepatitis A, according to HIV status in patients hospitalized in a french infectious diseases department. Methods: One hundred consecutive hospitalized patients were tested for anti-HEV IgG (HEV-EIA, Abbott), regardl
Interference between HBV and HCV viraemias among patients with and without HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:95 (abstract no. Mo.B.1236); Chossegros P, Trepo C, Chevalier P, Guichard S, Vullo V, DeSanctis GM, Errera G, Chircu LV; Unite d'Hepatologie, Hotel Dieu Place de l'Hopital, Lyon, France. Fax: 0033/72413140.; Objective: It is assumed that coexisting viral infections may influence the course of chronic hepatitis. Patients: We have studied 148 patients, with chronic HBs Ag (HBs Ag quantification, Imx ABBOTT) and anti-HBe carriers. 39% HBV DNA+ (Dot-Blot), 62 were anTI HCV+ (27% HCV RNA+, by PCR), 58 were anTI HD+ (20% HDV RNA
Red fingers syndrome in patients with HIV and hepatitis C.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:95 (abstract no. Mo.B.1237); Pechere M, Hirschel B, Krischer J, Spahr L, Rosay A, Van Delden C, Perrin L, Harms M, Saurat JH; DMI, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. Fax: +41 22 372 98 20. E-mail: pechere@dminov1.hcuge.ch.; Introduction: Specific cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases can provide useful clues for clinical diagnosis. We observed a new cutaneous sign involving hands and feet in more than 1% of HIV-infected patients in our clinic. Case report: Well-delimited and striking periungueal and pulpar erythema with telangiect
Hepatitis C virus antibodies (HCV-Ab) prevalence in HIV-infected people from AIDS referral center, Montevideo.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:95 (abstract no. Mo.B.1238); Cardozo A, Savio E, Russi-Cahill J, Lowinger M, Cappuccio P; Hospital Italiano, Montevideo, Uruguay. Fax: (598)-2-801854. E-mail: gus@cs. cs. com.uy.; Background: The prevalence of HCV infection is low in the Uruguayan general population. This prevalence increases among haemophiliacs or people under hemodyalisis (23%, range 5 - 65%). There were not national references related to HCV infection in other exposed to blood or sexual viral transmitted diseases groups such
Reactivation vs reinfection of hepatitis B in HIV seropositive individuals with previous natural immunity to hepatitis B.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:96 (abstract no. Mo.B.1239); Rusnak JM, Hong G; PSMI, Lackland AFB, TX. Fax: 210-675-0173.; Objective: While loss of anti-HBs may occur in 8% of HIV patients with natural immunity to hepatitis B (HBV), the development of subsequent HBs Ag seropositivity is uncommon. Following identification of an HIV-positive patient with natural immunity to HBV, who then had isolated anti-HBc seropositivity, and subsequently
Recurrent hepatitis B infection in previously immune HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:96 (abstract no. Mo.B.1240); Merrick ST, Boyle BA, Jacobs JL; New York Hospital, NY, NY. Fax: 212-746-8415.; New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, Center for Special Studies, New York, NY, USA Objective: We report three cases of recurrent, symptomatic hepatitis B in HIV-infected patients with serologic immunity. Methods: Biochemical and serologic testing of three patients who developed symptoms consistent with acute hepat
HCV viremia in HIV-positive patients negative for HBs Ag.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:96 (abstract no. Mo.B.1241); De Sanctis Giuseppe M, Chossegros P, Chircu LV, Chevalier P, Guichard S, Errera G, Falciano M, Trepo C; Dept. Infectious and Tropical Diseases, La Sapienza University Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39 6 4958919.; Aim: To study if HCV viremia may be influenced by immune status versus HBV among HIV+ cases Patients: We have studied 153 patients positive for anti HIV (full-blown AIDS: 23%, mean CD4; AIDS + 76/mm3, AIDS- 368/mm3) and anti HCV (HCV RNA+: 45%). They were all HBs Ag- (anti HBc 60, anti HBs and HBc 47, no HBV 46). Histo
Hepatitis C prevalence, demographics and selection criteria for interferon therapy in an urban HIV-positive cohort.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:96 (abstract no. Mo.B.1242); Spencer MH, Ross JW; Adult Ambulatory Health Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA. Fax: (860) 545-4256.; Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis C , to describe the demographics of the seropositive individuals and to propose selection criteria for alpha-interferon therapy in an urban HIV-positive population. Methods: Retrospective chart review was done on 131 HIV + patients with CD4 counts greater than 200
When to prescribe available prophylactic treatments or to begin a systematic surveillance?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:96 (abstract no. Mo.B.1243); Costagliola D, Krause MM; INSERM, Faculte de Medecine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 43 07 39 57. E-mail: costagli@b3e.jussieu.fr.; Objective: To estimate the risk of first occurrence of HIV-related diseases, for which prophylaxis are available, depending on the CD4 count level Methods: The French Clinical Epidemiology Database on HIV seropositive subjects followed in hospitals was started in 1989 in more than 50 hospitals in France .
Epidemiology and pathogenesis of plantar warts in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:97 (abstract no. Mo.B.1244); Barbosa P, Loveland L, Kilpatrick R, Kenyon E; California College of Podiatric Medicine, San Francisco, California. Fax: (415) 292-0439.; As the management of some of the more serious complications of HIV disease continues to improve, the podiatric manifestations become of greater significance for patient care. Plantar verrucae caused by human papillomavirus have been reported to be among the most commonly observed conditions in this patient population (
Prevalence of HIV and HTLV infections in selective ethnic groups in Honduras.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:97 (abstract no. Mo.B.1245); Dubon JM, Garcia Saiz A, Klaskala W, Baum MK; U of Miami, Dept. Epidemiology & Public Health, Miami, FL.; Objective: To determine the prevalence of HIV and HTLV infections in two different ethnic groups in Honduras : black Carribs (Garifunas)descendants of the African slaves and mestizo women. Methods: A total of 114 serum samples were tested for HTLV antibodies using particle agglutination and ELISA; then confirmed by mod
Parvovirus B19 infection in AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:97 (abstract no. Mo.B.1246); Barriga GA, Castillo TN; Hospital de Infectologia, Centro Medico "La Raza", I.M.S.S., Mexico City, Mexico. Fax: 525 556 6156.; Objective: To determine the prevalence and the influence of Parvovirus B19 infection in the clinical outcome in AIDS and non AIDS patients. Methods: 116 persons with clinical syndromes suggestive of Parvovirus B19 infection, 100 AIDS patients and 100 healthy persons were studied using two EIA methods (PV-B19-IgG; PV-B1
Evaluation of frequency of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) colonization and correlation with the development of disseminated disease in HIV-positive adult and pediatric patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:97 (abstract no. Mo.B.1247); Gori A, Rossi MC, Vezzoli S, Massironi E, Tornaghi R, Marchetti G, Franzetti F, Moroni M, d'Arminio MA; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Milano, Italy. Fax: ++39 2 3560805.; Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of MAC colonization of the gastro-enteric and respiratory tracts in HIV-positive patients; to correlate the role of the colonization with the development of acute infection. Methods: In a prospective study we included asymptomatic adult HIV-positive patients with CD4+ less than 150
Detection of herpesvirus-like DNA sequence (KSHV) in HIV-positive patients with and without Kaposi's sarcoma (KS).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:97 (abstract no. Mo.B.1248); Jauregui RH, Rosetti S, D'Alessandro L, Lewi D, Monticelli A; FAIVIH/S Bs. As., Argentina. Fax: 962-8927.; Objectives: 1) To detect the presence of KSVH in serum from HIV+ patients with and without KS. 2) To evaluate risk behaviours in HIV+ patients with KSHV+. 3) To determine in the studied KS population the existence of differences in the CD4 count and the clinical KS stage in relation with the detection or not of KSHV. M
Bleomycin + vincristine/VP16 with or without G-CSF in AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:97 (abstract no. Mo.B.1249); Routy JP, MacLeod J, Urbanek A; Immunodeficiency Program, Montreal Chest Institute, Montreal, Que. Fax: 514 843-2092.; Objective: 1) To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of bleomycin with vincristine or VP16 as a chemotherapeutic regimen for Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in patients (pts) with extensive, progressive mucocutaneous and/or visceral disease. 2) To evaluate the usefulness of G-CSF (Filgrastim) in preventing severe neutropenia and
Extra-cutaneous manifestations of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma: a retrospective study of 80 cases.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:98 (abstract no. Mo.B.1250); Nouts C, Morlat Ph, Dequae L, Pellegrin JL, Ragnaud JM, Dupon M, Bernard N, Doutre MS, Dabis F, Beylot J; Hospital St Andre, Bordeaux, France. Fax: (33) 56.79.58.22.; Objective: To describe extra cutaneous AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (ECKS) and its prognostic factors. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study within the Bordeaux University Hospital Cohort of all HIV-infected patients having presented at least one ECKS between January 1986 and February 1995. Results: Eighty cases
Topical photodynamic therapy (TPDT) of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:98 (abstract no. Mo.B.1251); Beier C, Schofer H, Kaufmann R; Univ. Clinic Frankfurt, ZDV, Frankfurt, Germany. Fax: 4969 6301 5981.; Objective: To determine the efficacy and tolerance of TPDT with the porphyrin precursor delta-aminolaevulinic acid (5-ALA) in the treatment of AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Methods: We performed topical photodynamic therapy in 4 HIV+ patients with 7 lesions of epidemic Kaposi s sarcoma (Table 1). An ointment c
HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma associated with severe thrombocytopenia.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:98 (abstract no. Mo.B.1252); Sterrantino G, Trotta M, Milo D, Dionisio D, Leoncini F; Department of Infectious Diseases, Firenze, Italy. Fax: 0113955/4277293.; Objective: To describe a case of cutaneous HIV-related Kaposi s Sarcoma associated with severe thrombocytopenia successfully managed by continuous infusion of bleomycin. Methods: A 60 year-old male with diffuse cutaneous HIV-related Kaposi s Sarcoma presented with large ecchymoses developing around tumoral lesions. CD4
Response and cosmesis of two, short duration radiotherapy regimes for epidemic cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:98 (abstract no. Mo.B.1253); Harrison M, Harrington K, Tomlinson D, Stewart S; Dept. of Oncology, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 0171-725-1840. E-mail: harrismk@icrt.icnet.uk.; Objectives: To determine the optimal radiotherapy protocol for response and surrounding normal tissue cosmesis in the treatment of localized epidemic Kaposi s sarcoma. Methods: Five hundred and ninety six cutaneous KS lesions in 57 patients were prospectively treated using two, short duration, radiotherapy regimes. Les
Risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) on chemotherapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:98 (abstract no. Mo.B.1254); Bruce M, Antoniskis D, Rarick MU; Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR, USA. Fax: (503) 638-0242.; Objective: To determine whether chemotherapy for advanced AIDS-related KS is a risk factor for the development of symptomatic CMV disease. Methods: All AIDS patients from 1990 through 1995 cared for in this large health maintenance organization were cross-matched to find those with a diagnosis of both KS and CMV. Chart
Simultaneous Castleman's disease, Kaposi's sarcoma & immunoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with AIDS: speculations on pathogenesis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:98 (abstract no. Mo.B.1255); Aboulafia DM, Picozzi VJ, Patterson S; Virginia Mason Med. Ctr., Seattle, WA, USA. Fax: 206-223-6914.; Problem Considered: HIV-infected individuals possess a variety of B-cell abnormalities which result in polyclonal B-cell activation, aberrant immunoregulation, and a higher incidence of B-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL) and Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Multicentric Castleman s disease (MCD), a manifestation of B-cell dysr
Liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome) has enhanced cytotoxicity in an AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma cell line.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:99 (abstract no. Mo.B.1256); Masood R, Lee MJ, Espina BM, Adler-Moore JP, Gill PS; Norris Cancer Institute, School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, CA. Fax: (213) 764-0061. E-mail: masood@hsc.usc.edu.; Objective: 1. To determine the in vitro activity of liposomal daunorubicin ( DaunoXome ) in HIV-related KS as well as other myeloproliferative tumor cell lines. 2. To determine the relative intracellular concentration over time of DaunoXome compared to free drug by microscopy and fluorimetry.
Long term survivors with continuously high levels of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:99 (abstract no. Mo.B.1257); Rump JA, Schneider J, Peter HH, Haller O, Meyerhans A; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Fax: -49-761-270-3446.; Objective: To understand the mechanism of long survival in the presence of high plasma viremia. Methods: HIV-infected individuals of a cohort in Freiburg were followed with respect to their clinical status. Plasma viremia was measured by the p24 antigen alkaline dissociation assay (Organon) and the branched DNA assay (
Lack of HIV isolation from PBMC defines a subgroup of LTNP with very low viremia and plasma sIL-2R: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:99 (abstract no. Mo.B.1258); Vicenzi E, Bagnarelli P, Soldini L, Novati R, Ghezzi S, Sinnone M, Santagostino E, Gringeri A, Mannucci PM, Clementi M, Lazzarin A, Poli G; San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Fax: 39-2-2643.7989.; Objective: To investigate the virological and immunological characteristics of HIV LTNP. Methods: A cohort of 29 LTNP, including 7 hemophiliacs and 15 ex-IVDU was evaluated for: HIV RNA in plasma and PBMC; quantitative proviral DNA load in PBMC; viral isolation from PBMC and plasma; cytokines/cytokine-receptor (R) conc
A decade of HIV-infected haemophiliacs: low virus burden in non- and slow progressors of HIV infection in 1985.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:99 (abstract no. Mo.B.1259); Yasuyuki Y, Nishida Y, Fukue H, Fukutake K, Shiga K, Meguro T; Tokyo Medical College, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 03-3340-5448. E-mail: gaf07614@niftyserve.or.jp.; Objective: To delineate virologic and immunologic attributes of long-term survival in haemophiliacs infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for more than a decade. Methods: Seventy four HIV-infected haemophiliacs have been followed since 1985. To be considered non- and slow progressors, subjects had to be asym
Correlates of long-term survival and immunologic nonprogression among HIV-1 infected sex workers in Nairobi.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:99 (abstract no. Mo.B.1260); Kimani J, Kaul R, Njagi E, MacDonald K, Anzala O, Nagelkerke N, Bwayo J, Plummer F; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, East Africa.; Much interest has recently been focused on the characterization of disease progression among HIV-1 infected individuals. The average time from infection to death is 10 years, and most long-term survivors have immunologic evidence of disease progression. Since 1985 we have studied the immuno-e
Discordance of genital and plasma HIV expression associated with long-term nonprogression in women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:100 (abstract no. Mo.B.1261); CuUvin S, Flanigan TP, Greenough TC, Anderson DJ, Parekh B, Mayer KH, Carpenter CC; Brown University, Providence, RI. Fax: 401-331-8501.; Objective: To determine the relation between plasma viral load and genital HIV shedding in HIV-infected women who meet strict criteria for long-term non-progression. Methods: In a cohort of 73 HIV-infected women who had been followed at less than or equal to 6 month intervals for 6-10 years, 4 met the following criteri
Taenia crassiceps infection in AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:100 (abstract no. Mo.B.1262); Marionneau J, Maillard H, Prophette B, Boyer E, Celerier P; Coordination VIH-SIDA, Centre Hospitalier, France. Fax: 43.43.24.14. E-mail: marionneauj@hiv.france.; Objective: To describe a new opportunistic infection in AIDS through a personal case report and literature review. Methods: Case report. A 34 year-old patient with AIDS, developed in 11/94 a traumatic haematoma of left arm without cutaneous wound. Two months later, the volume increasing of arm persisted, extending over
Effectiveness and side-effects of steroid therapy in renal disease associated with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:100 (abstract no. Mo.B.1263); Karmochkine M, Oksenhendler E, Martinez F, Beaufils H, Valantin MA, Coutellier A, Idatte JM, Herson S; Internal Medicine Dept. (Pr Herson), Hopital La Salpetriere, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 42 16 10 58.; Objective: To determine efficacy and tolerance of steroid therapy in different types of renal disease encountered during HIV infection: specific HIV associated nephropathy (HIV-AN), immune-complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) and interstitial nephritis (IN). Methods: Retrospective analysis of all cases of biopsy-proven re
Intracranial sigmoid and lateral-sinuses thrombosis due to a protein deficiency in a patient with AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:100 (abstract no. Mo.B.1264); Iranzo A, Cadafalch Jose, Sambeat MA, Negredo E, Ris J, Fuster M, Ruscalleda J, Nolla J; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 34-3-291.92.69.; Objective: To describe the clinical and radiographic picture of a patient with AIDS diagnosed of intracranial venous thrombosis secondary to a protein S deficiency. Methods: A 37-year-old HIV-infected woman with previous history of cerebral toxoplasmosis was admitted with severe and persistent headache that began two w
Unusual malignant tumors in association with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:100 (abstract no. Mo.B.1265); Santos J, Fernandez A, Velasco JL, Marquez M, Rivero A, Abarca M; University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.; Objective: To determine the incidence and types of malignant tumours other than non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) and Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in association with HIV infection. Setting: A teaching hospital in Malaga ( Spain ). Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted in the tumor registry and all cases of tumor (his
Changes in the incidence of rare HIV-associated diseases in the swiss HIV cohort study (SHCS).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:100 (abstract no. Mo.B.1266); Burckhardt B, Nuesch R, Itin P, Zimmerli W, Gyr K, Battegay M; Kantonsspital Basel, Medizinische Poliklinik, Basel, Switzerland. Fax: 011 41-61-265 46 04.; Objective: To determine trends in rare diseases in the SHCS before and after start of antiretroviral and prophylactic treatment in 1.1.90. Methods: Data source: SHCS. All patients (pts) registered to the SHCS until 20.4.95 were analysed; 3,102 pts before, 5,024 pts after 1.1.90. All diseases affecting less than 1% of a
Association between diarrhoea and the presence of HIV-RNA in stool samples of HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:101 (abstract no. Mo.B.1267); Fransje S, van der Hoek L, Danner SA, Goudsmit J, Sol C; AMC, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: -31-20-6963271.; Objectives: Diarrhoea is a common clinical problem in HIV-infected patients. Although many enteric pathogens have been implicated, the etiology remains unexplained in approximately one third of the patients. HIV itself might play a role, but studies on the relationship between the presence of HIV in the intestinal muco
How useful is routine intravenous gadolinium in MRI imaging of the brain in HIV-infected patients?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:101 (abstract no. Mo.B.1268); Banerjee AK, Malcolm PN, Howlett DC, Saks A, Bingham JS, Bingham JB, Cox TC; Department of Radiology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK. Fax: 0121 766 6919.; Objective: To investigate whether the routine use of an intravenous contrast agent is useful in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in HIV patients. Method: 110 HIV patients were studied prospectively and all were given intravenous gadopenate dimeglumine (0.1 mmol/kg) routinely for their brain scans. The scans were
Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia (ICL) - a follow-up of reported cases in the United States.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:101 (abstract no. Mo.B.1269); Spira TJ; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-2108. E-mail: tjsl@ciddasl.em.cdc.gov.; Objective: To determine the current status of ICL patients in the United States reported to CDC as of July 1993. Methods: State and local health departments and local physicians reporting ICL patients meeting the CDC case definition were asked to provide follow-up information by questionnaire between June and November
Study of electrocardiographic abnormalities in different evolutive phases of AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:101 (abstract no. Mo.B.1270); Meira DA, Zacchi B, Souza LR, Franco MF, Curi PR; Faculdade de Medicina, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brasil. Fax: 55-014-821-2711. E-mail: dmeira@fmb. une sp.br.; Introduction and objective: The cardiac involvement in AIDS has been referred in the medical literature mainly by the presence of pathologic changes observed in autopsy. The objective of this study was to verify electrocardiographical (ECG) abnormalities in the different evolutive periods of infection by HIV in relatio
Acute heart failure due to CMV myocarditis confirmed by myocardial biopsy in a case with AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:101 (abstract no. Mo.B.1271); Kimura S, Masuo M, Ryu T, Oka S, Mori S; Social Health Insurance Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.; Case Report: Forty-six year-old HIV-positive homosexual man presented with DCM-like symptoms and acute cardiac failure in December, 1994. He had a history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia two years ago, which was successfully treated with Co-trimoxazole and pentamidine. Cardiac failure was controlled with diuretica an
Cardiac involvement is comparable among HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:101 (abstract no. Mo.B.1272); Singal S, Sukernik MR, El-Sadr W, Connor JN, Vanderbush EJ, Francis CK; Harlem Hospital Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 939-2968. E-mail: ss472@columbia.edu.; Objective: Cardiac abnormalities have been reported in persons at risk for HIV but the echocardiographic pattern and prevalence of these abnormalities have not been extensively studied. Methods: We reviewed 2-D Doppler echocardiograms (ECHO) in 294 HIV-positive and 230 HIV-negative patients from an inner city predomina
Myocardial dysfunction in HIV infection: an echocardiographic study of 157 hospitalized patients in Zimbabwe.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:102 (abstract no. Mo.B.1273); Hakim JG, Matenga JA, Siziya S; University Of Zimbabwe Medical School, Avondale, Harare. Fax: 26(4)791995.; Objective: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of myocardial dysfunction and other cardiac manifestations in acutely ill hospitalized HIV-infected patients in Zimbabwe using a cross-sectional study design. The main outcome measure was detection of myocardial dysfunction and other cardiac abnormalities on tw
Are cardiac abnormalities associated with a poorer vital prognosis in AIDS? A prospective study of 34 patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:102 (abstract no. Mo.B.1274); d'Ivernois C, Chene G, Dupon M, Cales V, Dabis F, Salamon R, Lacut JY; Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Bordeaux, France. Fax: (33) 53 07 73 94.; Objective: Previous studies have documented cardiac abnormalities (AN) in HIV-infected patients. Only a few patients experience cardiac symptoms, but echocardiographic AN are observed in 30-55 % of the patients and appear more frequent when HIV infection is at an advanced stage. The aim of our study was to determine th
Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) and HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:102 (abstract no. Mo.B.1275); Drobacheff C, Van Landuyt H, Devred D, Derancourt C, De Wazieres B, Vuitton DA, Rey D, Cribier B, Lang JM, Laurent R; Dept of Dermatology, Hospital, Besancon, France. Fax: (33) 81 21 86 29.; Objectives: Since 1987, about 60 cases of PCT in HIV-positive patients have been reported. The respective roles of HIV and toxic hepatic factors (particularly hepatitis C ) in PCT remain unclear. Our aim was to study the following toxic hepatic factors: hepatitis C and B, alcoholism, drugs. Methods: We report 7 cases o
A case series of dermatological manifestations of HIV seropositives attending the central STD clinic Colombo.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:102 (abstract no. Mo.B.1276); Piyadigamage A, De Silva GA; STD/AIDS Control Programme, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; Objective: Case series to describe the dermatological manifestations of HIV sero positives in an out-patient clinic, Colombo. Methods: Descriptive case series study of dermatological manifestations in HIV seropositive persons attending the Central STD Clinic of the National STD/AIDS Control Programme (NSACP) on an out-
Impact of risk group on the prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:102 (abstract no. Mo.B.1277); Schaub NA, Drewe J, Sponagel L, Gilli L, Courvoisier S, Gyr N, Rufli TH, Battegay M, Itin P; Department of Dermatology, Basel, Switzerland. Fax: 011 41 61 265 42 00.; Objective: To investigate whether there is a difference in the prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis (SD) in homo/bisexual HIV-infected patients compared with HIV-infected intravenous drug users (IVD). Furthermore to analyze whether antiretroviral treatment (aRVT) influenced prevalence and time course of SD. Methods: We
Corynebacterium striatum skin ulceration in a patient with advanced HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:102 (abstract no. Mo.B.1278); Knox K, Howe P, Conlon C, Edwards A, Byren Ivor; Harrison Dept, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK. Fax: 1865-224378.; Objective: We report a case of Corynebacterium striatum skin ulceration in an African patient with advanced HIV infection. Case Report: A 27 year old Ugandan man resident in the United Kingdom , who tested HIV-positive in 1990, presented with a 1 month history of a profusely discharging 7cm x 5cm ulcerating lesion on h
Significance of peripheral eosinophilia in HIV-infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:102 (abstract no. Mo.B.1279); Skiest DJ, Keiser P; The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA. Fax: 214-648-9478. E-mail: SKIEST@UTSW.SWMED.EDU.; Objective: To determine the clinical significance of peripheral blood eosinophilia in HIV+ patients. Methods: 42 HIV+ patients with an absolute eosinophil count (AEC) greater than 500 (study group) were compared to a randomly chosen cohort of 84 HIV+ patients without eosinophilia, matched by CD4 cell count and date in
Leprosy and HIV coinfection in an endemic developing country: how to interpret occurrence of lepromatous leprosy in a HIV+ hemophiliac with no known contact with leprosy patients?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:103 (abstract no. Mo.B.1280); Petri V, Nishio CE, Nishio PA, Takizawa CM, Michalany NS; Federal University of Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Dept. of Dermatology, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 55-11-5492127.; In spite of immunological findings being crucial to understanding important events of HIV disease, leprosy and HIV/AIDS coinfection is not sufficiently focused as a threatening occurence in endemic developing countries. Leprosy may occur in HIV +/AIDS patients with no known contact with leprosy patients, and HIV
Molluscum contagiosum infection in three population groups.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:103 (abstract no. Mo.B.1281); Rea AJ, Goh BT, Eldridge S, Glover M; Ambrose King Centre, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, UK.; Objective: To study molluscum contagiosum (MC) infection in patients seen in an HIV clinic (Gp1), compared to patients seen in a non-HIV Genito-urinary Medicine (Gp2) and Dermatology (Gp3) clinics. Methods: MC infections seen in Gp 1,2,3 from April 1993 to September 1994 were retrospectively analysed. Total number of c
Symptomatic systemic CD8 lymphocytosis in HIV-1 infection: a cohort study.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:103 (abstract no. Mo.B.1282); Jarrousse B, Lortholary O, Cohen P, Zeller V, Berlureau P, Arene JP, Guillevin L; Department of Internal Medicine, Hopital Avicenne, Universite Paris-Nord, France. Fax: 33 1 48 95 54 50; Objective: To describe the clinical, immunologic features and outcome of symptomatic diffuse infiltrative CD8 lymphocytosis resembling Sjogren syndrome in a monocentric cohort of HIV-1 infected patients. Patients: Consecutive sample of 8 patients Results: Among 171 patients with increased numbers of CD8 lymphocytes (gr
Polyarteritis nodosa in an HIV-infected patient with Castleman's disease: potential role of KSHV and efficacy of treatment with immunoglobulin.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:103 (abstract no. Mo.B.1283); Lesueur A, Salmon D, Blanche P, Essam E, Dupin N, Clauvel JP, Sicard D; Departement de medecine interne, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France. Fax: 42 34 13 49.; Case report: A 49 year old seropositive homosexual male patient presented in September 92 with fever, associated with multiple lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and pancytopenia. CD4 cell count was 200/mm3. 1- After 5 months of unexplained fever, multicentric Castleman s disease was diagnosed after splenectomy, on histopat
CD3+ CD8+ CD16- clonal large granular lymphocyte leukaemia and HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:103 (abstract no. Mo.B.1284); Pulik M, Lionnet F, Genet P, Petitdidier C, Jary L, Fourcade C, Touahri T; Centre Hospitalier d'Argenteuil, Department of Haematology, Argenteuil, France. Fax: 33-1-34-23-23-15.; Objective: To report a case of clonal CD3+ CD8+ CD16- large granular lymphocyte leukaemia (T-LGL) in an HIV-infected patient. T-cells derived leukaemias are very unusual in association with HIV infection. Methods: Surface immunophenotyping of the lymphocytes was performed with flow cytometry using a broad panel of lymp
Induction of G-CSF by acute febrile infection but not by neutropenia in HIV-seropositive individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:104 (abstract no. Mo.B.1285); Mauss S, Steinmetz HT, Willers R, Jablonowski H, Haussinger D; Klinik fur Gastroenterologie und Infektiologie, Universitat Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. Fax: +49/211/811-8752.; Objective: Persistent neutropenia is frequent in HIV-seropositive (HIV+) individuals particularly with advanced HIV-infection. The pathogenesis of this neutropenia remains unexplained so far. G-CSF is an important factor in neutropoesis. In HIV-seronegative individuals the endogenous G-CSF serum level seems to be regul
Prevalence of thrombotic microangiopathy in a cohort of HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:104 (abstract no. Mo.B.1286); Ripamonti D, Gregis G, Casari S, Suardi MG, Chitoni M, Gregorini G, Rossi G, Carosi G; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Ospedale Civile di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.; Objective: To determine 1) the prevalence of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in a cohort of HIV-infected patients (pts), 2) the relation of TMA with clinical stage of HIV infection and CD4 cell count and 3) to establish the predictive value of hematologic abnormalities for TMA. Methods: All in- and out-pts from 06/01/
Acute myelomonocytic leukemia associated with HIV infection and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:104 (abstract no. Mo.B.1287); Gonzalez-Garcia J, Lorenzo A, Jimenez-Yuste V, De Castro M, Jimenez C, Martin MP, Herranz P, Fernandez-Capitan C, Pena JM; Madrid, Spain. Fax: 33 (1) 358 10 56.; Introduction: Patients with HIV infection frequently have myelodysplastic syndrome but acute myeloid leukemia is unusual. If these alterations are related to HIV infection of bone marrow progenitor cells, antiretroviral therapy or viral coinfections are unknown. Acute myeloid leukemia has developed after the administra
Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I and anti-cardiolipin antibodies in HIV-positive patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:104 (abstract no. Mo.B.1288); Sirera G, Reverter JC, Teixido M, Tassies D, Romeu J, Raventos A, Tural C, Segura A, Font J, Ordinas A, Clotet B; AIDS Unit, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 343 46376 02.; Objective: Anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL) are associated with thrombosis in autoimmune diseases but not in AIDS patients. A 50 kDa serum cofactor, identified as beta 2-glycoprotein I (beta 2GPI), enhances aCL activity in autoimmune diseases and antibodies anti- beta 2GPI (a beta 2GPI) had been found. We developed an
Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia in an HIV-positive patient without evidence of EBV association.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:104 (abstract no. Mo.B.1289); Sings DJ; Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Akron, Ohio.; Objectives: To describe the first case of Waldenstrom s macroglobulinemia in an HIV-infected patient, to present the course of this usually benign malignancy, and to explore a possible association with EBV. Methods: A 52 year old Caucasian man, known to be HIV-positive since 1988 with a stable CD4 cell count in the low
HIV-associated thrombotic disease: pathogenic role of microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:105 (abstract no. Mo.B.1290); Laurence J, Mitra D, Steiner M, Staiano-Coico L, Jaffe E; Dept. of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-746-8601.; Objective: Identify mechanisms of idiopathic microvascular thrombotic disease-thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), and cardiac and cerebrovascular disorders-which occur with elevated frequency in HIV infection. Methods: Plasma and limited tissue samples were obtained from HIV-1+ a
Multicentric Castleman's disease in HIV infection. A clinical, pathological and molecular study of 20 patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:105 (abstract no. Mo.B.1291); Oksenhendler E, Soulier J, Duarte M, Cazals-Hatem D, Clauvel JP, Raphael M; Immuno-Hematologie, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France. Fax: 33(1)42499472.; Objective: To describe, in a retrospective study, multicentric Castleman s disease (MCD) in HIV infection. Patients: The diagnosis of MCD was established by lymph node biopsy in 20 HIV+ patients. All patients had been HIV-infected by sexual contact. At diagnosis, HIV infection was asymptomatic in 8 patients and Kaposi
High dose chemotherapy (CT) and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) for malignant hemopathies in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:105 (abstract no. Mo.B.1292); Rio B, Compagnucci A, Rochemaure J, Zittoun R; Service de Pneumologie, Hotel Dieu, Notre Dame, Paris, France.; Improvement of prognosis of the HIV-infection leads to discuss the therapy of coincidental or HIV-associated hematological malignancies. Long term continuous complete remission (CR) can be achieved after intensive treatment with ABMT in seronegative patients (pts). We report the results of a feasibility study of ABMT f
Thrombocytopenia in HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:105 (abstract no. Mo.B.1293); Aquino MZ, Sato HK, Kamikawa J, Marques HH, Gusmao Filho FA, Valente MT, Sakane PT, Okay Y; Depto of Pediatrics Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 55-11 30665703.; Objective: To describe the occurrence and management of thrombocytopenia in HIV-infected children.Methods: Two hundred and five children with AIDS have been followed since June 1985. Twenty developed thrombocytopenia (less than 50.000cells/mm).Nineteen were vertically infected and one infected by blood products. Subjec
Oxidative stress and thrombin generation during HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:105 (abstract no. Mo.B.1294); Trotti R, Rondanelli M, Brustia R, Anesi A, Belloni E, Minoli L, Ferrari E, Melzi D'Eril GV; "IRCCS C. Mondino", Pavia, Italy. Fax: 0039-382-380286.; Objective: Evidence has accumulated suggesting that oxidative stress is an activator of immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro and can lead to increased lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in infected cells. Otherwise, products resulting from lipid peroxidation have been shown to promote thrombin generation in
The count and functional activity of blood platelets in patients with AIDS-indicated diseases.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:106 (abstract no. Mo.B.1295); Kravtchenko A, Polyakova AM, Astrina O, Shakhgildian V, Maleev V; Central Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia. Fax: 7-095-365-46-80.; Objective: To study platelet count and their function in patients (pts.) with AIDS-indicated diseases. Methods and patients: We determined count of thrombocytes, their aggregation (Hal - adenosinediphosphate- ADP-2x10-5 M, Ha2 -2x10-6 M), accumulation and secretion of fluorescence marker by thrombocytes (Al -endocytose
Focal clear hystiocytes thyroiditis in the acquired immunodefficiency syndrome (AIDS): direct HIV aggression?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:106 (abstract no. Mo.B.1296); Basilio CA, Pires ML, Silva MA, Lima MB, Ribeiro JE; Universidade Do Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brasil.; Objective: To asses the direct thyroid gland attainment by the HIV in AIDS patients. Methodology: The study has been done through the anatomo-pathological examination of 100 AIDS patients seen in the Pathological Anatomy Service of the HUGG from 1985 to 1994. Results: Clear hystiocytes focal thyroiditis,not reported up
Still's disease with HIV infection: pathophysiological link or incidental association?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:106 (abstract no. Mo.B.1297); Riche A, Rogez JP, Leport C, Bertin P, Gissot V, Vilde JL, Weinbreck P; Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Limoges, France. Fax: 55-05-66-48.; Objective: We describe the first case of Adult onset Still s disease (AOSD) revealing HIV infection. Material and Method: A 35-year-old white bisexual man presented in July 1994 with three weeks of fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. He had leukocytosis with neutrophilia and anemia with high level of
Avascular necrosis of bone in HIV-infected patients with antiphospholipid antibodies.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:106 (abstract no. Mo.B.1298); De Truchis P, Saillour M, Pigne E, Carlier R, Marty C, Peretti A, Perronne C; Hopital Raymond Poincare, Garches, France. Fax: (33)-1-47107767.; Objective: To describe clinical, radiological and biological features of avascular necrosis in HIV-infected patients (pts). Methods: Charts of 3 pts diagnosed with bone avascular necrosis between 1992 and 1995 in a cohort of 450 HIV-infected pts, were reviewed. Case reports: the pts were 3 men, aged 31 to 62 years, inf
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and haemolytic-uraemic syndrome in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:106 (abstract no. Mo.B.1299); Gervasoni C, Ridolfo AL, Bini T, Santambrogio S, Lupo A, Bertoli S, Galli M; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Dept. of Nefrology, L.Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy. Fax: ++3923560805.; Objective: to evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings and the outcome of thrombotic microangiopathy (TM) in HIV patients. Methods: 16 patients with TM admitted to our Clinic from 1/1985 to 12/1994 were reviewed. 2 patients showed thrombotic-thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and 14 haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS).
A longitudinal study of rheumatic complications in patients infected with HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:106 (abstract no. Mo.B.1300); Calabrese LH, Bacon A, Chow H, Easley K; Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Fax: 216-445-7569. E-mail: calabrl@cesmtp.ccf.org.; Objective: Rheumatic disorders have been well-reported in the setting of HIV infection though available epidemiologic studies are of short-term design and little is known about the influence of such complications on the natural history of HIV infection. The present study was designed to prospectively detect rheumatic s
Sleep disorders in HIV-positive patients. Curable causes of daytime fatigue and sleepiness.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:107 (abstract no. Mo.B.1301); Buda FB; ABSM, ABPN, Atlanta, GA. Fax: FBBMD@aol.com.; Issues: HIV+ patients complain of daytime fatigue/excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) and insomnia. Previous studies on sleep in HIV+ have identified disrupted sleep architecture, and recently obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) secondary to tonsillar hypertrophy. Project: Six HIV+ patients were evaluated by a board certified
Evidence for an increased incidence of renal cell carcinoma in patients with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:107 (abstract no. Mo.B.1302); Baynham SA, Cleveland KB, Katner HP, Smith MU; FACP, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia, USA. Fax: 912-749-9119.; Objective: To determine if the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in a population of patients with HIV is greater than in the general population. Methods: All 85,532 adult admissions to a 518 bed general hospital in the USA from 1990 to 1994 were reviewed to determine the total number of HIV admissions, the total
Otoneurology alterations in HIV patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:107 (abstract no. Mo.B.1303); Pena C, Cano C; Hospital General Centro Medico La Raza IMSS, Mexico, D.F.; Objective: To determine the otoneurology alterations presents in patients HIV (+). Methods: 50 patients HIV + were evaluated, none oportunistic infection previous, none otoneurology disease previous, none eighth nerve previous alteration, none ototoxic drugs antecedent or central nervous system disease were included. C
Routine childhood vaccinations: effect on HIV-1 seroconversion.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:107 (abstract no. Mo.B.1304); Embree J, Nagelkerke N, Datta P, Njenga S, Ndinya-Achola JO, Plummer FA; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.; Concerns have been expressed regarding the effect of childhood vaccinations and on the transmission of HIV-1 virus from mother to child. Certain vaccines may stimulate Th1 to Th2 switches of primary immune responses resulting in a predominantly humoral rather than cell mediated responses to a
Painful peripheral neuropathy with CMV infection in a pediatric AIDS patient.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:107 (abstract no. Mo.B.1305); Leroy J, Estavoyer JM, Lassauge F, Desmurs H, Mueller E, Jeangirard M, Couaquette A; University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France. Fax: (33) 81 21 87 72.; Introduction: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is well recognized as an opportunistic pathogen in children with HIV infection. Neuropathy caused by CMV is a rare but serious neurological disorder that occurs late in the course of HIV - 1 infection in adults. To date cases of peripheral nerve dysfunction in pediatric patients ha
Effect of combination therapy with ZDV/ddI or ZDV/3TC on plasma HIV-RNA in HIV-infected infants and adolescents.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:107 (abstract no. Mo.B.1306); Solder B, Wintergerst U, Notheis G, Eberle J, Gurtler L, Belohradsky B; University Children's Hospital, Munich, FRG. Fax: +49-89-51603964.; To assess HIV-RNA load in HIV-infected children and adolescents (less than 18 years, mean age 7.1 years) under antiretroviral combination therapy . Patients and Methods: 5 patients with disease progression under their prior antiretroviral therapy were treated with ZDV (4x90mg/m2/d)/DDI (2x100mg/m2/d) (group A) a
CNS - affection in perinatally HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:108 (abstract no. Mo.B.1307); Josep-Steiner J, Funk M, Mentzer D, Jakobi G, Kreuz W; Department of Pediatrics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Fax: 06 9/ 6301 6491.; Introduction: Soon after the initial description of paediatric AIDS, central nervous system (CNS) involvement was recognized as a frequent manifestation. This presentation summarizes the neurological impairments, the diagnostic tools used and the therapies, in a paediatric cohort seen in our out-patient clinic. Patient
Chronic hepatitis in children with vertically acquired HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:108 (abstract no. Mo.B.1308); Ruga, Sartor M, Giaquinto C, D'Elia R, Zacchello F, Zancan L; Dipartimento di Pediatria, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy. Fax: + 39.49.8753865. E-mail: carlog@child.pedi.unipd.it.; Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, the characteristics and the prognostic value of chronic hepatitis in children with vertically acquired HIV infection. Methods: We prospectively studied 47 HIV-infected children, 23 of them from birth. Children were evaluated clinically, immunologically and virologically at least e
Malignancies in Spanish children with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:108 (abstract no. Mo.B.1309); Ruiz-Contreras J, De Jose MI, Ramos JT, Fortuny C, Hernandez-Sampelayo T, Pocheviche I; The Spanish Pediatric-AIDS Collaborative Group, Madrid. Fax: 1-3908522.; Objective: To determine the prevalence, types, clinical manifestations and outcome of malignancies in HIV-infected children. Methods: This is a multi-centric retrospective study. We identified all HIV-infected children who developed cancer, from 1984 to 1995, in 10 hospitals in Spain . We collected the clinical and lab
Nosocomial outbreak of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:108 (abstract no. Mo.B.1310); Mellado MJ, M-Fontelos P, Cilleruelo MJ, Garcia M, Barreiro G, P-Jurado ML, Ortega A, Villota J; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIC, Servicio de Pediatria, Madrid, Spain. Fax: 7 33 66 14.; We present a nosocomial outbreak of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in a - Pediatric Infectious Unit, attending HIV-infected children. Case 1: Female 10y. Father IVDA with TB and bad compliance to treatment. On Jan/95 CD4=55 culture of M. TB +. Treatment: H+R+Z, 4weeks later culture resistant to H,R,S,E and s
Bartonella henselae lymphadenitis in an HIV-positive child: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:108 (abstract no. Mo.B.1311); Wyler CA, Masserey V, Lironi A, Suter S, Borisch B, Siegrist CA; Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Fax: +41 22 382 46 24.; Bartonella henselae is associated with benign cat-scratch disease in healthy children, or bacillary angiomatosis , retinitis, prolonged and severe malaise, disseminated infections in HIV-infected immunodeficient adults. We here describe the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of a severe B. henselae submandibu
Improved follow-up for infants born to HIV-infected mothers at USAMC, Mobile, AL.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:109 (abstract no. Mo.B.1312); Mancao M, Estrada B, Hoff C; Dept. Of Pediatrics, University Of South Alabama, Mobile, Al. Fax: (334) 405-5120.; From 1989 to 1993, 17 infants were born to HIV-infected women at the University of South Alabama Medical Center (USAMC) in Mobile, AL. Only 7 of 17 (42%) infants later reported for follow-up at the USA Children s Medical Center (USACMC). USAMC and USACMC are tertiary facilities which are main providers for the u
Death anxiety & self-esteem: healthy vs. AIDS-diagnosed children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:109 (abstract no. Mo.B.1313); Ireland M; National Development & Research Institutes, Inc., New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-675-2878.; Objective: To analyze differences in levels of death anxiety and self-esteem in AIDS-diagnosed and healthy children. Methods: Following parent/guardian consent, African-American and Latino children, 4, 5, and 6 years of age were administered the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R)(Dunn & Dunn, 1981). S
Impact of HIV educational mentorship on HIV knowledge among care providers of children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:109 (abstract no. Mo.B.1314); Donkochik DK, Rutstein R, Harwell T, Ricksecker M, Spence M, Rudy B; PA AIDS ETC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Fax: 215-557-2100.; Objective: To evaluate the impact of intensive educational mentorships on the HIV knowledge base, skills abilities, and willingness of health care personnel caring for children. To compare the level of HIV knowledge and skills of the participants of this clinical educational program with non-participants caring for chi
Review of scientific literature to establish safety guidelines for the administration of nutrients in pediatric sub-populations for the possible treatment of HIV/AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:109 (abstract no. Mo.B.1315); Wild J, Bingham F, Onstott M; Central New Jersey Pediatric AIDS Program, Robert Wood Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.; Objective: To determine the upper safe limits of vitamin, mineral, fatty acid and amino acid supplementation used in the treatment of various non-deficiency disease states, in order to create safety criteria for the possible treatment of pediatric HIV/AIDS by both clinicians, parents and caregivers. Methods: Several th
Probability of survival following AIDS diagnosis in the first year of life.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:109 (abstract no. Mo.B.1316); Farley JJ, Bamji M, Nesheim S, Palumbo P, Thea D, Simonds RJ; University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-706-0031. E-mail: JFARLEY@PEDIMM.AB.UMD.EDU.; Objective: To determine factors associated with survival among a cohort of children following AIDS diagnosis in the first year of life. Methods: Children born to HIV+ women were enrolled at birth and followed prospectively in this multicenter study. HIV/AIDS associated mortality rates were obtained using Kaplan-Meier m
Serum vitamin A levels in a U.S. cohort of HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:109 (abstract no. Mo.B.1317); Read JS, Mofenson L, Bethel J, Moye J, Meyer W, Nugent R, Korelitz J, Rich K, Pahwa S; PAMA - CRMC - NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: (301) 496-8678. E-mail: ReadJ@hd01.nichd.nih.gov.; Objective: To describe changes in serum Vitamin A levels over time in HIV-infected children in the U.S. enrolled in the NICHD IVIG Clinical Trial (NEJM 1991;325:73). To investigate whether Vitamin A deficiency is associated with increased mortality because of the previously reported association between Vitamin A defici
Detection of fungal organisms in whole unstimulated saliva by cytologic analysis in pediatric HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:110 (abstract no. Mo.B.1318); Hicks J, Flaitz CM, Carter B, Rossmann S, Simon C, Cron S, Webb W, Shearer WT, Kline MW; Dept of Pathology, Texas Children's Hosp, Houston, TX. Fax: 713-770-1032. E-mail: jhicks@msmail.path.tch.tmc.edu.; Objective: To determine by cytologic examination the prevalence of fungal organisms in whole unstimulated saliva from children with vertically acquired HIV infection, and to compare cytologic results with clinical and laboratory data. Methods: Thirty-eight children with vertical exposure to HIV were included in the stu
Changes in IL-12 production in a phase I/II study of the protease inhibitor indinavir (MK-0639) of HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:110 (abstract no. Mo.B.1319); Chougnet C, Fowke KR, Mueller BU, Smith S, Deutsch P, Pizzo PA, Shearer GM; National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: (301) 402-3643.; Objective: IL-12 is a powerful inducer of type 1 responses and plays a central role in resistance to intracellular pathogens. Its production is impaired in HIV-infected patients, even at early stages of the infection. Our objective was to assess the effect of protease inhibitor indinavir
Cardiac disease in HIV-infected children and adolescents need for early diagnosis and treatment.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:110 (abstract no. Mo.B.1320); Herberg, Lehn M, Gro W, Bialek R, Redel DA; University of Bonn, Children's Hospital, Bonn, Germany. Fax: +49-228-287-3314.; Objective: To investigate the onset, natural course and treatment of cardiac disease in a cohort of 56 HIV+ children and adolescents. Design: 56 HIV+ patients were followed up by serial echocardiograms and ECG s between 1988 and 1996 (mean observation time: 2.6 years [0.5 - 6.5 years], mean number of echocardiograms /
Cryptosporidium gastroenteritis in HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:110 (abstract no. Mo.B.1321); de Jose MI, Garcia MJ, Ramos JT, Martin P, Hernandez T, Fortuny C, Beltran JM; Hospital Infantil La Paz, Madrid, Spain.; Objective: To determine the incidence, clinical, immunological and evolutive features of Cryptosporidium gastroenteritis in HIV-1 infected children. Methods: 505 children infected either by haemoderivates or vertically, with HIV, are restrospectively studied.Clinical features tested were anorexia,abdominal pain, malnut
Disease progression in a cohort of HIV-infected infants followed since birth: the women and infants transmission study (WITS).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:110 (abstract no. Mo.B.1322); Diaz C, Hanson IC, Watson J, Cooper ER, Lew J, Nugent R, Mendez H, Pitt J, Rich K, Smeriglio V; University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, WITS Project, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA. Fax: (809) 753-6835. E-mail: diaz_clemente@fstrf.org.; Objective: To characterize HIV disease progression in a large cohort of infants followed prospectively since birth using the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) 1994 Revised Classification for Children. Methods: All clinical events prior to 4/1/95 in the HIV-infected group of infants were reviewed utilizing a study devel
Mortality in bacteraemic HIV-infected African children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:111 (abstract no. Mo.B.1323); Mason PR, Nathoo KJ, Mhlanga S, Gwanzura L; University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe. Fax: 263-4-739406. E-mail: pmason@healthnet.zw.; Objective: To examine mortality in HIV-infected children admitted to hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe with with acute non-focal signs of infection. Methods: Our definition of HIV was positive serology plus either age greater than 17 months, or positive p24 antigenemia or clinical evidence. Blood cultures were taken from al
Plasma pharmacokinetics of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine, a cytotoxic metabolite of zidovudine.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:111 (abstract no. Mo.B.1324); Hoetelmans RM, Meenhorst PL, Mulder JW, Burger DM, Koks CH, Beijnen JH; Slotervaart Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-5124753. E-mail: aprht@slz.nl.; Objective: The pharmacokinetic parameters of 3 -amino-3 -deoxythymidine (AMT), a cytotoxic metabolite of zidovudine, have not been fully investigated yet due to low concentrations of AMT in plasma. We have determined the plasma pharmacokinetics of AMT in HIV + patients with a highly sensitive HPLC assay. Methods: After
Disposition of zidovudine in two obese pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:111 (abstract no. Mo.B.1325); Schwebke K, Acosta EP, Henry K, Fletcher CV; HIV Programs, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. Fax: 612-221-8616.; Objectives: It has recently been demonstrated that zidovudine can reduce vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by approximately two-thirds. The purpose of this case series was to describe zidovudine pharmacokinetics in two obese pregnant HIV-infected women. Methods: Zidovudine concentrations were
Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of HBY-097 in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic HIV-positive patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:111 (abstract no. Mo.B.1326); Shah A, Kumor K, Sullivan J, Amand R, Cole S, Agarwal V, Krol G, Huguenel E, Suarez JR, Heller AH; Bayer Corporation, West Haven, CT. Fax: (203) 931-5056.; Objective: This study was designed to characterize the safety, tolerability and PK of oral HBY-097 (a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor being developed by Hoechst Marion Roussel and Bayer) following doses of 125, 250, 375, 500 and 750 mg tid for 7 days and 14 days (750 mg dose only) in asymptomatic and mil
Effect of HIV infection on alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) concentrations.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:111 (abstract no. Mo.B.1327); Goodwin SD, Renehan CJ, Schooley RT, Pieper JA; Care Management Division, Glaxo Wellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Fax: (919) 483-0448.; Objective: Serum protein binding of drugs plays an important role in drug disposition, pharmacologic effect, and toxicity. Elevated concentrations of the serum protein AAG have been observed in chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent data indicate that binding of the protease inhibitors to AAG inhibits the cellular u
The safety and pharmacokinetics of lamivudine (3TC) in patients with renal impairment, including those on haemodialysis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:111 (abstract no. Mo.B.1328); Johnson MA, Yuen GJ, Daniel MJ, Plumb R, Moss J, Verpooten GA, Jurgens A, Van Caesbroeck D, Arnouts PJ, De Broe M; Dept of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Fax: 919 483 6380.; The effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of lamivudine (GR109714X) administered orally to non-HBV or HIV-infected healthy subjects and renally-impaired patients, as defined by creatinine clearance, was studied. Lamivudine was well tolerated in all patients. Dialysis patients were studied between visits (i
Pharmacokinetics of castanospermine in asymptomatic HIV-positive patients treated with MDL 28,574A during phase I trials.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:112 (abstract no. Mo.B.1329); Stoltz ML, McPherson M, Frampton M, Sidarous E, Jacobs M, Roth H; Hoechst Marion Roussel, Kansas City, MO. Fax: 816-966-6999. E-mail: usmargmn@ibmmail.com.; Objective: MDL 28,574A, a castanospermine (CAST) derivative, is in development to prevent progression of ARC and AIDS in HIV patients. The drug inhibits alpha-glucosidase I which alters glycoprotein processing, reducing infectivity and syncytial formation. Plasma pharmacokinetics of CAST, the primary circulating specie
Occurrence of non-AIDS opportunistic complications, AIDS and death by clinical presentation of primary HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:112 (abstract no. Mo.B.1330); Vanhems P, Allard R, Lambert J, Cooper DA, Hirschel B, Carr A, Perrin L, Vizzard J, Kinloch-de Loes S, Hoen B; Hotel-Dieu de Montreal, U. of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-843-2748. E-mail: Vanhemsp@ere.umontreal.ca.; Objective: to assess the HIV disease progression and survival by clinical presentation of primary HIV infection (PHI). Methods: 218 patients with a documented symptomatic PHI were compared to 42 asymptomatic seroconverters (dates known within 1 year). 242 patients were male and 204 homosexual. Cox s model was used to e
Triple drug combination in primary HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:112 (abstract no. Mo.B.1331); Lafeuillade A, Pellegrino P, Poggi C, Costes O, Profizi N, Tamalet C; Unite d'Infectiologie, Hopital Chalucet, Toulon, France. Fax: 33- 94 92 67 47.; Objective: to describe the evolution of HIV-1 viremia, clinical signs and CD4+ T cells count in patients presenting primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) treated with a triple-drug combination. Methods: 6 HIV-1 infected patients have been recently diagnosed with PHI (3 females, 2 males). A combination of oral Zidovudine (ZDV,
A triple nucleoside analogue combination in four patients with primary HIV-1 infections: towards complete virological remissions?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:112 (abstract no. Mo.B.1332); Saimot AG, Simon F, Landman R, Girard PM, Fauveau V, Mariot P, Leibowitch J, Mathez D; Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France. Fax: (33-1) 42.29.53.00.; Objectives: By introducing a convergent combination of Thymidine, Cytidine, Adenosine analogues altogether within 6 weeks in patients with primary retroviral infection, to obtain such a blockade of HIV activity in vivo as to stop treatment after 12 months of its initiation. Patients and methods: Three men, 1 woman (age
Cryptosporidosis complicating a primary infection: first case.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:112 (abstract no. Mo.B.1333); Jobard JM; Medecine B, Briancon, France.; HIV primary infection which usually escapes notice, is discovered in 70 % of cases through a classic influenzal syndrome. The symptoms are very rarely ostentatious and a mononucleosic syndrome is associated with an important transitory depletion of CD4s. In this report the first case of cryptosporidosis is studied duri
Analysis of presenting symptom complex & clinical features of HIV-positive subjects in Gujarat - India.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:113 (abstract no. Mo.B.1334); Patel AK; Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.; Objective: To determine clinical presentation of HIV disease in Gujarat state- India . Method: 88 patients are selected from first 160 patients(pts.) referred to my clinic during last 18 months. Apart from routine hematological, biochemical & radiological investigations, specific test for suspected opportunistic in
CD8+ CTL response and virus fitness during primary infection with HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:113 (abstract no. Mo.B.1335); Ferbas J, Daar E, Lech W, Grovit-Ferbas K, Detels R, Giorgi JV, Kaplan AH; University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. Fax: 310 794-2145. E-mail: Ferbas@cyto.medsch.ucla.edu.; Objective: To identify host and viral factors which contribute to homeostasis during primary HIV infection. Methods: An inguinal lymph node and blood sample was obtained from a donor at risk for (sexual) HIV exposure because of lifestyle. Unexpectedly, this donor was in the initial stages of infection and reported symp
Symptomatic seroconverting illness is associated with more rapid neurologic impairment.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:113 (abstract no. Mo.B.1336); Wallace MR, Nelson JA, McCutchan JA, Heaton RK, Miller LK, Grant I; Naval Medical Center, San Diego, CA. Fax: 619-532-7478.; Objective: To determine whether HIV-infected subjects with a symptomatic seroconverting illness (SCI) have an increased risk of neurologic impairment. Methods: 166 dated HIV seroconvertors (all U.S. military) with a known date of HIV seroconversion within three years of first positivity were evaluated for a history of
Triple nucleoside analog combination therapy in primary HIV-1 infection suppresses lymph node infectious viral burden.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:113 (abstract no. Mo.B.1337); Tamalet C, Lafeuillade A, Tourres C, Duclos N, Tivoli N, Raoult D; Virology Department, Hopital Timone, Marseille, France. Fax: 33 91385033.; Objective: To assess the short-term impact (90 days) of a triple drug combination in blood and lymph node viral burden in patients (pts) with primary HIV-1 infection (PHI). Methods: In 3 HIV-1 infected pts presenting symptomatic PHI, a therapy including Zidovudine (200 mg tid)+ didanosine
Limited value of serum HIV RNA levels as predictors for disease progression in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:113 (abstract no. Mo.B.1338); Sarcletti M, Steinhuber S, Fuchs D, Most J, Zangerle R; AIDS Unit, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. Fax: 43 512 504 4848.; Objective: We assessed the role of serum levels of HIV RNA to predict the rate of decline in the CD4+ cell count, clinical AIDS and survival, compared to increased concentrations of neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 75 (sTNFR 75). Methods: A cohort of 47 individuals with a media
First cohort of HIV-positive people in Brazilian health public institution: factors related to survival.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:114 (abstract no. Mo.B.1339); Lima DB, Gomes V, Gomes G, Fernandes O, Tura B; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; Objective: To determine AIDS-related survival and describe factors associated with this in an ongoing cohort of seropositive adult people. Methods: In this study, the first and the last day of observation were March, 5th 1985 and December, 31st 1990. Five hundred and fifty-six HIV-positive people (495 men and 61 women)
Usefulness of anti-p24 antibodies as a marker for AIDS. Five years follow-up in Cuban HIV seropositives.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:114 (abstract no. Mo.B.1340); Benitez J, Palenzuela D, Rivero J, Ganzo O; Ctr Genetic Engineer, Biotechnol, Havana, Cuba. Fax: (53-7) 21-80-70. E-mail: diag@serverdos.cigb.edu.cu.; Objective:To evaluate the usefulness of a the anti-p24 antibody titer determined with a single point dilution procedure as a marker for the prognosis of AIDS in a five year follow-up of Cuban HIV-1 seropositives. Methods: We used an ELISA for anti-p24 antibodies, based on recombinant HIV-1 p24. The titer was determined
Events in early HIV infection determine the long term outcome of the infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:114 (abstract no. Mo.B.1341); Pedersen C, Katzenstein T, Nielsen C, Lundgren JD, Gerstoft J; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark. Fax: 36 47 33 40.; Objective: To describe importance of early HIV related events for subsequent disease progression. Methods: Ninety-three HIV seroconverters(no more than 12 months between latests seronegative and first seropositive samples) were followed for a median of 6 years. CD4 cell counts and serum HIV RNA level were measured 6 to
The influence of age at seroconversion and laboratory markers on HIV disease progression: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:114 (abstract no. Mo.B.1342); Lee CA, Sabin CA, Phillips AN, Bofill M, Elford J, Janossy G; Haemophilia Centre and Haemostasis Unit, Royal Free Hospital NHS Trust, London, England. Fax: 0171 830 2178.; Objectives: To describe the influence of age and immune and viral parameters (CD4/CD8 counts, IgA and beta-2 microglobulin levels, and p24 antigenaemia) on HIV disease progression in a cohort of men with haemophilia. Methods: 111 men with haemophilia were infected with HIV between 1979 and 1985. The men are seen every
In vitro cytopathogenicity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) predicts survival in HIV-infected hemophiliacs.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:114 (abstract no. Mo.B.1343); Rockstroh JK, Bauer T, Ewig S, Gross W, Schneweis KE, Kaiser R, Brackmann HH, Matz B; Dept. of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. Fax: 0049-228-287 5034.; Objective: Cytopathogenicity of HIV has been correlated with the course of HIV infection. However, the prognostic value of graded cytopathogenicity in addition to the CD4 count has not been evaluated in a prospective study. Methods: A total of 221 HIV-seropositive hemophiliacs were followed up from 1985 to 1995 (mean f
Sex differences in disease progression: evidence from the Swiss HIV cohort study (SHCS).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:114 (abstract no. Mo.B.1344); Battegay M, Twisselmann W, Steuerwald M, Gyr K, Janin JB, Ledergerber B, Egger M; Kantonspital Basel, Medizinische Poliklinik, Basel, Switzerland.; Objective: To examine sex differences in HIV disease progression among participants of a prospective cohort study. Methods: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) is a large nation-wide prospective study of HIV-infected adults. Participants are followed up in six-monthly intervals at five Univ. Hospitals and one Cantonal ho
A prospective study of immunological and virological progression markers in HIV disease.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:115 (abstract no. Mo.B.1345); Froebel KS, D'Alessandro C, Raab G, McKenzie E, Brettle RP; Centre for HIV Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. Fax: (+44) 131 650 8674. E-mail: K.Froebel@ed.ac.uk.; Objective: 1. To determine immunological and/or virological markers which predict clinical progression to AIDS, additional to the CD4 count. 2. To validate (or not) reports of lymphocyte proliferation and virus phenotype as predictors of disease progression. Methods: 212 HIV+ patients (122 men, 90 women) at WHO disease
Correlation of in-hospital mortality with CD4 count and acute physiology score in hospitalized patients with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:115 (abstract no. Mo.B.1346); Afessa B; University Medical Center, University of Florida Health Science Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA. Fax: 904-549-5090.; Objective: The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II system is used to predict the outcome of patients admitted to intensive care units. The acute physiology score (APS) is a component of the APACHE II and is based on vital signs, Glasgow coma score and selected laboratory values. We undertook this
Immune-complex dissociated (ICD) p24 antigen (AG) in HIV-infected children from the NICHD IVIG clinical trial: descriptive analysis and correlation with mortality and RNA copy number.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:115 (abstract no. Mo.B.1347); Rich K, Mofenson L, Korelitz J, Meyer W, Moye J, Pahwa S, Bethel J, Nugent R; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, IL. Fax: (312) 413-8694.; Objective: To evaluate ICD p24 Ag levels in HIV-infected children with mild-moderate HIV disease prospectively followed in the NICHD IVIG Clinical Trial. Methods: Blood was collected for central repository storage at entry and 3 month intervals during the trial. Frozen specimens from children with greater than or equal
Evaluation and correlation of virological and immunological parameters for the follow up of HIV-infected and treated patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:115 (abstract no. Mo.B.1348); Calvez V, Carcelain G, Tubiana R, Ktorza N, Katlama C, Autran B, Huraux JM, Agut H; Laboratoire de Virologie, CERVI, GH Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France. Fax: 33.1.42.17.74.11.; Objectives: To value virological and immunological parameters for the follow up of asymptomatic HIV1 infected and treated patients with CD4 cells counts (41-504 cells/mm3). Methods: Fourty subjects were included. Twenty one were treatment naive and had been treated by ZDV. Nineteen were pretreated by ZDV and had been t
Hepatitis B virus markers as surrogates for high risk sexual behaviour assessment in HIV infection in the tropics.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:115 (abstract no. Mo.B.1349); Mingle JA, Sagoe KW, Blessie V; Department of Microbiology, U.G.M.S., Accra, Ghana. Fax: 233 21 668425.; Objective: To determine whether Hepatitis B virus markers can be used as surrogates in place of self assessment of high risk sexual behaviours in HIV epidemiology in a tropical country like Ghana . Methods Twenty HIV-positive and 15 HIV-negative samples were randomly selected from an ongoing studies on dual infections.
Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subsets in AIDS patients, asymptomatic HIV seropositive persons and HIV seronegative controls in Vellore region.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:116 (abstract no. Mo.B.1350); Babu PG, Zachariah A, Mathai D, John TJ; Dept Virology, CMC Hospital, Vellore, India. Fax: (416)-32103/32035. E-mail: abraham@cmc. ernet. in.; Objective: To determine the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in AIDS patients, HIV seropositives and healthy controls. Methods: Peripheral whole blood samples from 27 AIDS patients, 29 HIV seropositive persons and 110 age and sex matched healthy controls were analysed by flow cytometry (FACScan, Bect
Serum gp120 antigen and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) in HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:116 (abstract no. Mo.B.1351); Oishi T, Tateyama M, Hattori M, Miyasaka S, Fukutake K; Dept. of Clin. Pathol., Tokyo Medical College, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 81-3-3340-5448.; Objective:To evaluate the detection of gp120 antigen and TNF-alpha in serum during the progress of HIV-1 infection. Methods:We retrospectively analysed fifty-nine hemophilias with HIV-1 infection, ages from 16 to 68 years old, followed from Feb./ 94 to Dec./ 95. The serum levels were measured for gp120 antigen of HIV-1
Evolution and prognostic value of CD4 molecule concentration in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:116 (abstract no. Mo.B.1352); Pinilla J, Anton F, Labarga P, Sadaba C, Laborda L, Mugica M, Gimeno C; C.H. San Millan-San Pedro. Med. Inter., Logrono, Spain.; Objective: To measure the concentration of CD4 molecule in HIV-infected patients, and to observe its evolution during a 1-year time period. To determine the usefulness of this parameter as a prognostic factor, compared to the total number of CD4+ T-Lymphocytes. Methods: Total number of CD4+ T-Lymphocytes were measured
Evaluation of delayed-type hypersensitivity (anergy) skin tests in HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:116 (abstract no. Mo.B.1353); Chantry CJ, Febo IL, Esquilin I, Beauchamp B, Rivera C, Diaz C; University of Puerto Rico, Pediatric Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA. Fax: (809) 767-4798. E-mail: actg_uprch@fstrf.org.; Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare utility of different antigens for anergy testing in HIV-infected children and to seek correlates of anergy by comparing percent of anergic HIV-infected children at various clinical disease stages and degrees of immunosuppression. Methods: HIV-infected children 9
Changes in CD8 count during antiretroviral treatment: clinical relevance?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:116 (abstract no. Mo.B.1354); Bartlett J, Eron J, Hill A, Phillips A; Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development, Greenford, UK. Fax: 0181 966 3975. E-mail: amh21137@ggr.co.uk.; Background: The clinical relevance of CD8 count is unclear. Correlation between absolute CD8 count, HIV RNA (PCR) and the incidence of ARC/AIDS were investigated before and during nucleoside analogue treatment in a sample of 620 patients. Methods: CD8 count, HIV-1 RNA PCR and CDC B/C (ARC/AIDS) disease were measured at
Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV patients by standard methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:117 (abstract no. Mo.B.1355); Losso M, Fischer N, Kalina M, Olavegogeascoechea P, Saenz C, Benetucci J, Sanguinetti C, Smayevsky L, Montoto M, Schijman A; Hosp Rmaos Mejia, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: (541) 805-5422.; Objectives: To compare the results of the common diagnostic methods of TB (clinical preventive diagnosis, direct smear and culture) and PCR in patients with HIV infection and pulmonary infiltrates. Design: Prospective, controlled study. Methods: Adult patients with confirmed HIV infection and active pulmonary disease w
Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium genavense in a patient with AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:117 (abstract no. Mo.B.1356); Lacor P, Seghers M, Pierard D, Keymeulen B, Simons P, Somers G, Lauwers S; Akademisch Ziekenhuis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (A.Z.-V.U.B.), Dept. of Internal Medicine, Brussels, Belgium. Fax: 32/2/477.62.10.; Disseminated infection with atypical mycobacteria is an emerging opportunistic disease in patients with AIDS. In recent years, a new Mycobacterium species has been isolated from AIDS patients with wasting and fever. It was named: Mycobacterium genavense. Identification of M. genavense is hampered by its inability to gr
The Canadian randomized open-label trial of combination therapy for MAC bacteremia: characteristics and outcome of subjects with negative blood cultures at baseline.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:117 (abstract no. Mo.B.1357); Zarowny D, Thorne A, Khorasheh S, Shafran S, Toma E, Miller M, Duperval R, Smaill F, Lemieux C, Cameron W, Schlech W, Mackie I, McFadden D, Kamal M, DiPietro N; Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, Canada. Fax: 604- 631 5210. E-mail: don@hivnet.ubc.ca.; Objective: A randomized open-label trial showed that a three drug arm of clarithromycin 1000 mg BID, rifabutin 600/300 mg QD, and ethambutol 15 mg/kg QD was associated with significantly more frequent and faster clearance of bacteremia and increased survival compared to a four drug arm (ciprofloxacin, ethambutol, rifam
Pleural tuberculosis in patients infected with HIV in Addis Ababa.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:117 (abstract no. Mo.B.1358); Getachew A, Kibrebeal M, Guta Z; Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Fax: 251-1-513099.; Setting: Black Lion Hospital, a tertiary care referral hospital in Addis Ababa. Objective: To determine the prevalence of HIV-1 infection in patients with pleural tuberculosis and compate the clinical and radiological characteristics, effects and side effects of drugs, compliance to treatment and outcome by HIV status.
Bacteriological assessment of rifabutin versus placebo for M. avium bacteremia in AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:117 (abstract no. Mo.B.1359); Dautzenberg B, Castellani P, Truffot-Pernot CH, Leng B, Sassella D; Pneumologie-G.H. Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France. Fax: (33) 1 44 23 92 55.; Objective: To determine activity of rifabutin as a single agent in the treatment of M.avium bacteraemia in AIDS patient. Methods: Rifabutin 600 mg/d was randomly compared to placebo in a doubleblind 14 days trial in AIDS patients with culture proven M.avium bacteraemia. After 14 days, an open treatment combination was
Clinical characterisation of PHIV/AIDS in Tamilnadu, India.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:117 (abstract no. Mo.B.1360); Kumarasamy N, Suniti S, Ganesh AK, Amalraj RE, Jayaker PS; YR Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Eduation, Madras, India.; Objective: To document the clinical profile of Persons living with HIV/AIDS in Tamilnadu, India Methodology: SETTING: Govt General Hospital, Madras from Jan 89 - Mar 93 and Walk-in clinic at YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Madras from Apr 93 - Dec 95 Design: Cross Sectional Study. Subjects: Persons who were
Comparative study of drug resistance pattern in HIV-positive and HIV-negative cases of tuberculosis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:118 (abstract no. Mo.B.1361); Shetty K, Geeta B, Salvi V; Seth G.S. Medical College And Kem Hospital, Bombay, India.; Objective: Drug resistance is the main problem in TB control programme. The main objective of this study was to compare drug resistance pattern in HIV-positive and negative cases of TB. Method: A total of 500 sputum sample from clinically suspected cases of TB were processed for smear, culture and for the identificatio
Frequence of natural resistance and cross resistance of rifabutin and other antimycobacterial drugs on M. avium complex.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:118 (abstract no. Mo.B.1362); Rossi Rosaria, Miraglia N, Della Bruna C; Pharmacia & Upjohn/Microbiology Lab., Nerviano (MI), Italy. Fax: +39 (331) 583450.; Objective: To study the behaviour of antimycobacterial drugs belonging to different chemical structures respect to frequence of naturally resistant mutants and cross resistance. Method:Six Mycobacterium avium complex( MAC ) strains were tested in Middlebrook7H11 for their susceptibility to rifabutin(RBT), rifampicin(RM
Increased central nervous system involvement of tuberculosis (CNS-TB) after incomplete treatment.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:118 (abstract no. Mo.B.1363); Pulido F, Pena JM, Rubio R, Gonzalez J, Costa JR, Vazquez JJ; Unidad VIH, Hospital 12 de Octubre - Ctr. de Andalucia, Madrid, Spain. Fax: +34-1-4-60-38-08.; Objective: To determine the risk of Central Nervous System involvement of tuberculosis (CNS-TB) in HIV-infected patients who abandoned antituberculous treatment before 6 months as compared with HIV-infected patients with a first episode of tuberculosis (TB). Methods: Two hundred and seventy six HIV-infected patients wi
Disseminated Mycobacterium genavense infection: clinical and microbiological features.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:118 (abstract no. Mo.B.1364); Sambeat MA, Rodriguez P, March F, Garrigo M, Moreno C, Fuster M, Cadafalch J, Barrio J, Gurgui M, Coll P; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 34-3-291.92.69.; Objective: Description of clinical and laboratory features of 5 disseminated infections caused by M. genavense in HIV-infected patients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of five cases. Clinical samples were inoculated onto Bactec 12B or 13A and Lowenstein-Jensen. Strain identification was based on NAP-test, nucleic acid
Mantoux in intravenous drug users: differences depending on HIV serology.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:118 (abstract no. Mo.B.1365); Aldamiz-e M, Portu JJ, Ortiz de Barron J, Arevalo J, Larrea MJ, Herrera A, Pinedo A; Hospital Txagorritxu, Medicina Interna, Vitoria, Spain.; Objective: To assess Mantoux test in active search for tuberculous infection (TB) in Intravenous Drug Using patients (IVDU) and its different results in HIV+ and HIV- people. Scope of study: A therapeutic community of IVDU rehabilitation and IVDU patients treated in Hospital Txagorritxu (Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country
Disseminated MAC infection in HIV/AIDS: experience in Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:118 (abstract no. Mo.B.1366); Sathapatayavongs B, Chuchottaworn C, Prachaktam R; Dept. of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Fax: 66-2-201-1715.; Objective: To identify and describe clinical features of cases of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex ( MAC ) infection in a subgroup of HIV/AIDS patients presenting with unexplained prolonged fever and/or weight loss. Methods: From Jan. to Aug. 1995, blood or bone marrow culture for Mycobacteria was performed in
Bone marrow sampling as a diagnostic tool in HIV-positive patients with pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:119 (abstract no. Mo.B.1367); Brook MG, Ayles H, Harrison C, Rowntree C, Miller RF; Mortimer Market Centre, London, UK. Fax: (0)171 530 5044.; Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of bone marrow sampling in the diagnosis of the causes of PUO in HIV- positive patients. Methods: Patients who had undergone bone marrow sampling as one of the investigations for PUO between 1987 and 1995 were identified. From patient records and computer data the value of the ma
Evaluation of PPD-battey as a diagnostic tool in persons with small induration sizes to conventional PPD.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:119 (abstract no. Mo.B.1368); Gourevitch MN, Steinhart R, Schoenbaum EE, Hartel D, Klein RS; Montefiore Med Ctr/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. Fax: (718) 652-1343. E-mail: gourevit@aecom.yu.edu.; Objective: To determine whether small (less than 10 mm) reactions to PPD reflect cross reactivity to a common nontuberculous mycobacterial antigen in persons with and without HIV infection. Methods: Persons enrolled in a study of M. tuberculosis infection in drug users were tested at baseline with PPD (5 TU, Mantoux me
Interactive effects of rifabutin combined with other antimicrobial agents against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:119 (abstract no. Mo.B.1369); Yajko DM, Cawthon VL, Madej JJ, Hadley WK; Clin. Labs, San Francisco Gen. Hosp., San Francisco, California, USA. Fax: 415 206-3045. E-mail: yajro@labmed.ucsf.edu.; Objective: It has been recommended that treatment of disseminated MAC infection in patients with AIDS include at least two antimicrobial agents. When used in combination, drugs can interact in an additive, synergistic, or antagonistic manner. The interactive effects of drugs against MAC are poorly understood. Rifabutin
Prevalence and risk factors for tuberculin positivity in a cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected at-risk women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:119 (abstract no. Mo.B.1370); Anastos K, Telzak E, Chirgwin K, Benson C, Delapenha B, Palacio H, Stonis L, Kalish L; The Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), Bronx, NY. Fax: (718) 515-7741.; Objective: To determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for tuberculin (PPD) positivity among HIV seropositive and seronegative at-risk women enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Methods: The WIHS, a multi-site study of HIV-infected and uninfected at-risk women, enrolled 1,761 women at six sites in the U.S. from
MAIC and the effect of prednisone on disease progression in AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:119 (abstract no. Mo.B.1371); Graves M, Salvato P, Thompson C; Twelve Oaks Hospital, Houston, TX. Fax: (713) 960-7910.; Objective: To assess the effect of steroid therapy in combination with standard MAIC therapy in patients with AIDS. Methods: 52 patients infected with HIV (CD4 8-121) who received oral prednisone (.5 mg/kg daily) with standard 3-5 drug treatment for MAIC were compared to 41 patients who received only standard 3-5 drug
Combination clarithromycin and a quinolone in the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:119 (abstract no. Mo.B.1372); Alkhal AM, Ross JW, Sherwood DJ; Infectious Diseases, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA. Fax: 860-545-4256. E-mail: byrdross@aol.com.; Objective: To determine the efficacy of combination therapy of oral clarithromycin and a quinolone in the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium-avium intracellulare complex ( MAC ) infection in patients with AIDS. Methods: Retrospective review of in-hospital admission charts and HIV clinic follow up charts of 57 pati
HIV-related tuberculosis (TB) among foreign born (FB) patients enrolled in the Harlem directly observed therapy (DOT) program.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:120 (abstract no. Mo.B.1373); Medard F, Berthaud V, El-Sadr W; Division of Infectious Diseases, Harlem Hospital Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 939-2319.; Objective: The rise of TB in the US and around the world has been attributed to the HIV epidemic. In the US, TB is increasingly seen among FB pts. We describe the characteristics and outcomes of FB pts with TB and HIV enrolled in our DOT program. Methods: Records of all pts enrolled in DOT program were reviewed. Medica
Anti-HIV quality assurance for the southeast Asian and western pacific regions.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:120 (abstract no. Mo.B.1375); Gust AP, Karopoulos A, Silvester C, Maskill WJ, Dax EM; National HIV Reference Laboratory, Fairfield Hospital, Fairfield Vic, Australia.; In 1989 the NRL set up a quality assurance (QA) programme for anti-HIV serology testing in the South East Asian and Western Pacific Regions sponsored by Global Program on AIDS, WHO. Three panels of sera were distributed between 1989 and 1992. In 1994 the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) funded f
Virological evaluation of stavudine efficacy in a placebo-controlled study.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:120 (abstract no. Mo.B.1376); Calvez V, Ferchal F, Fauveau V, Nicolas JC, Morinet F, Agut H; Laboratoire de Virologie du CERVI, CNRS, GH P. Salpetriere, Paris, France. Fax: 33.1. 42 17 74 11.; Objectives: To compare the virological efficacy of two dose levels of stavudine with placebo and analyse the relevance of different virological markers for this type of evaluation. Methods: Sixty six asymptomatic HIV-positive subjects (CD4: 350-750/mm3) were included on the basis of a positive HIV isolation from PBMCs.
HIV-1 virus load in the serum of AIDS patients undergoing long term therapy with hypericin.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:120 (abstract no. Mo.B.1377); Vonsover A, Steinbeck KA, Rudich C, Mazur Y, Lavie D, Mandel M, Lavie G; Central Virology Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. Fax: 972-3-530-2457.; Objectives: Assessment of the antiretroviral efficacy of long term therapy with plant derived hypericin on p24 antigen and on viral load in AIDS patients. Methods: Eighteen Seropositive symptomatic individuals received monotherapy with plant derived hypericin [i.v. 1x2 ml weekly plus 6x2 hypericum perforatum tablets (J
Short term variation in HIV-1 RNA viral load following invasive diagnostic procedures.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:120 (abstract no. Mo.B.1378); McGowan I, Yang YL, Horgan K, Anton P, Kaplan A; UCLA Medical School, Los Angeles, CA. Fax: 310-825-7067. E-mail: imcgowan@medl. medsch. ucla. edu.; Introduction: Gastrointestinal endoscopy with collection of mucosal biopsies is a routine component of the investigation of HIV-1 associated gastrointestinal disease. This study was performed firstly to characterize the short term variation in viral load in the peripheral blood of HIV-1 infected patients and secondly t
Effect of bacterial pneumonia on HIV RNA levels.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:121 (abstract no. Mo.B.1379); Donovan RM, Bush CE, Markowitz NP, Baxa D, Saravolatz LD; Infectious Diseases Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI. Fax: (313) 556-8737.; Objective: Increasingly, HIV RNA is being used to monitor disease progression and evaluate antiretroviral therapy. However, other circumstances which effect immune activation such as vaccination or opportunistic diseases could influence the magnitude of HIV RNA. This study examined HIV RNA levels before, during and aft
Sequential determination of plasma HIV-1 RNA copy level from the beginning of infection over a mean eight year period in a population with a well-defined date of infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:121 (abstract no. Mo.B.1380); Lefrere JJ, Mariotti M, Morand-Joubert L, Meyohas MC, Roudot-Thoraval F; INTS, Paris, France. Fax: (1) 45 12 75 81.; Objective: To determine the evolution over time of the plasma HIV RNA copy number from the beginning of HIV infection in a HIV-positive population with a known date of HIV infection. Methods: 97 patients diagnosed as HIV-infected through the systematic screening of blood donations; all had a known date of HIV infection
Assessment of serum calcium in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:121 (abstract no. Mo.B.1381); Guillaume MP, Bol AF, Kleynen P, Supiot F, Karmali R; Department of Medicine, Brugmann Hospital, Brussels, Belgium. Fax: 2/4789477.; Objectives: Assess the reliability of serum calcium, whether corrected or uncorrected, in evaluating calcium status in HIV-infected patients. serum calcium, albumin, gamma-globulin were measured prospectively in 54 HIV-infected patients. Corrected calcium was calculated according to albumin and/or gamma-globulin and co
Lipidic alterations in AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:121 (abstract no. Mo.B.1382); Ribeiro JE, Pires ML, Silva MA, Lima MB; University of Rio de Janeiro (UNI-RIO), Medical Clinic "A", Ipanema, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 809-751-5143.; Objective: Evaluate the degree of Hipertriglycerids in HIV holders, assymptomatics and with AIDS and verify if the Hipertriglycerids (HT) in AIDS have clinical significance and need to be treated. Methods: Thirty patients (PTS) ambulatorally observed, between 30 and 50 years old, infected by the HIV, without familiar o
Total parenteral nutrition as adjunctive therapy in hospitalized HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:121 (abstract no. Mo.B.1383); Cotte L, Gelas P, Stagnetto C, Bailly F, Bouletreau P, Trepo C; Hotel-Dieu, Lyon, France. Fax: (33) 72 41 31 40.; Objective: To determine the efficacy of parenteral nutrition as adjunctive therapy during the treatment of acute opportunistic infections in hospitalized AIDS patients. Methods: 104 patients were enrolled (male: 95, female: 9). All the patients reported weight loss greater than or equal to10% of body weight during the
HIV-associated wasting syndrome - therapy with mammalian cell-derived recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH[m]).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:121 (abstract no. Mo.B.1384); Klaude S, Fruhauf L, Michels B, Malkowski JP, Helm EB, Althoff PH; Klinikum der J.W.Goethe-Universitat, ZIM/Infektiologie, Frankfurt/Main, Germany. Fax: (49)-69-6301 5712.; Introduction: Wasting syndrome and weight loss are frequently observed in patients with HIV infection and can be seen in more than 50% of all patients with AIDS. Weight loss is associated with increased mortality, impaired physical functioning and quality of life. Wasting is a multifactorial event and characterised by
Fish oil in the treatment of wasting syndrome.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:122 (abstract no. Mo.B.1385); Scevola D, Oberto L, Faggi A, Sacchetta AC; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, Italy. Fax: Int-382-423-320.; Objective: To determine the effects of a formulation of fish oil (eicosapentaenoic acid = EPA 18 % and docosahexaenoic acid = DHA 12 % with vit.E 3 mg / g as antioxidant) on body weight and composition, serum lipids and TNF levels in AIDS related wasting syndrome.Methods: Twenty AIDS patients (stage IV C) having lost g
Short and long time treatment with growth hormone in AIDS wasting syndrome increase in quality of life, nutritional and status.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:122 (abstract no. Mo.B.1386); Gomez-Caro WH, Feregrino-Goyos M, Alvarado-Diez R, Eid-Lidt G, Conde-Mercado JM, Fuentes-Del-Toro S, Mireles- v MP, Mora-Rodriguez G; CITAID (Center for research and advanced treatment in Inmunedeficiency, SC.) Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernerdo Sepulveda del cmn s xxi, imss, Alamos, Mexico. Fax: (525)527-3223.; Objectives: To the use of growth hormone in patients with wasting syndrome in AIDS improve the quality of life, metabolic nutritional and immune response, to compare its use in patients with acute vs. chronic Wasting Syndrome of AIDS.Methods: We did evaluate 16 patients with advanced AIDS and acute or chronic W. S. wit
Growth hormone in the treatment of loss weight AIDS-related.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:122 (abstract no. Mo.B.1387); Luna-Castanos G, Osornio L, Gomez DM, Nieto L; Internal Medicine Department, Gabriel Mancera General Hospital IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico. Fax: 280-5945.; Objective: To establish the use of the human recombining growth hormone obtained from mammals cells (rh-GH) in the WL treatment in patients with AIDS. Methods: From a total of 337 patients that the AIDS clinic has, 37 patients were considered as candidates since they satisfied the following inclusion criteria: 1. Age g
The effects of chronic growth hormone therapy on dietary intake in patients with HIV-associated weight loss.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:122 (abstract no. Mo.B.1388); Tai VW, Mulligan K, Culp J, Schambelan M; UCSF Department of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA. Fax: 415-476-4918. E-mail: vtai@sfghgcrc.ucsf.edu.; Objective: To determine the role of energy intake in the changes in weight and body composition that occur with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment of patients with HIV-associated wasting.Methods: Twelve subjects enrolled at the San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) site of a multicenter trial of rhGH (av
Body composition and resting energy expenditure in women with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:122 (abstract no. Mo.B.1389); Mulligan K, Tai VW, Greenblatt R, Schambelan M; UCSF Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 476-4918. E-mail: kmulligan@sfghgcrc.ucsf.edu.; Objective: To evaluate the effects of HIV infection on body composition and resting energy expenditure in HIV-infected women and compare these results with similar observations in HIV+ men. Methods: Weight, body composition, and resting energy expenditure (REE) were compared in groups of HIV+ women, HIV+ men, and respe
Differences in body composition between women and men: impact of HIV and substance use.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:123 (abstract no. Mo.B.1390); Raghavan SS, Kotler D, Loden S, Mannheimer S, Fuentes L, Scimeca M, Sivapalan V, El-Sadr W; Div. of Infectious Diseases, Harlem Hospital Center, NY. Fax: 212 939 2968. E-mail: ssr12@columbia.edu.; Objective: To determine body composition differences among HIV+ women and men receiving HIV Primary care. Methods: 125 HIV + persons (65 men (HIV M) and 60 women (HIV W)) with various stages of HIV and 64 HIV- controls (29 men (CON M) and 35 women (CON W)) were recruited. More than 95% of them has current or past histo
Metabolism of rifabutin in the rat.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:123 (abstract no. Mo.B.1391); Utkin IB, Koudriakova T, Iatsimirskaya E, Thompson T, Vouros P, Gerber N; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. Fax: 614-292-4253. E-mail: iutkin@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu.; Objective: To study metabolism of rifabutin (R), an antibiotic effective in prevention of disseminated MAC infection in AIDS-patients, in rats and incubations with rat tissue preparations. Methods: Metabolites of R excreted in urine of Sprague-Dawley rats given R i.v. or formed in incubations of R with microsomes in th
Clinical relevance of DEXA-determined lean body mass in patients with AIDS wasting.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:123 (abstract no. Mo.B.1392); Pierson R, Wang J, Landy H, Breitmeyer J, Kotler D; Body Composition Unit, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY. Fax: 212-523-3416.; Objective: To assess the utility of Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as an accurate measure of change in functionally significant Lean Body Mass (LBM) of patients with AIDS wasting. Methods: DEXA and dilution studies were performed concurrently in 178 HIV+ patients exhibiting greater than 10% weight loss and tre
Determinants of metabolic rate and body composition in adults with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:123 (abstract no. Mo.B.1393); Roubenoff R, Skolnik P, Knox T, Abad L, Hoyle S, Witgert K, Spiegelman D, Gorbach S; Tufts University, Boston, MA. Fax: 617-556-3344. E-mail: roubenoff@hnrc.tufts.edu.; Wasting of lean body mass is a major problem in HIV infection. Wasting is thought to be related to elevated resting metabolic rate, malabsorption, and anorexia, but the role of immune mediators in causing cachexia remains controversial. Methods: We examined potential immune regulators of metabolic rate and fat f
A double-blinded clinical trial to assess the effect of pentoxifylline in the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor production in patients with AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:123 (abstract no. Mo.B.1394); Hermida-Escobedo EC, Rivera-Leon L, Escobedo-de la Pena J; Tudon-Garces H.Infectious Diseases Hospital, Mexican Institute of the Social Security (IMSS), San Diego, CA. Fax: 52(5)583-0626.; Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) have been reported in AIDS patients. TNF reverses the therapeutic efficacy of zidovudine and may contribute to the wasting syndrome. Pentoxifylline decreases TNF production and HIV-1 replication in tissue culture. To assess the effect of Pentoxifylline on tumor necro
Selenium deficiency in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:124 (abstract no. Mo.B.1395); Breux JP, Venot C, Marie B, Guillard O, Agius G; Service Medecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses C.H.U. Poitiers, Poitiers, France.; Objectives: Selenium deficiency (SD) has been often reported in HIV-infected patients and related to myocarditis. To assess the prevalence of SD and associated factors, we measured serum selenium levels in HIV-infected patients. Methods: One hundred and twelve HIV-1 infected patients (27 females, 85 males; mean age: 36
The metabolic status of asymptomatic HIV-seropositive women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:124 (abstract no. Mo.B.1396); Sharpstone D, Ross H, Murray C, Phelan M, Gazzard B; Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK. E-mail: dan@crusaid-star.co.uk.; Background: There are no data on the effect of HIV on metabolism in asymptomatic HIV-positive women. Because of sex differences in body composition, hormonal status and metabolism women may have a different metabolic response to the virus and nutritional and therapeutic advice may differ according to the sex of the HIV
Spontaneous changes in body composition, hormonal and metabolic parameters in AIDS patients followed longitudinally.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:124 (abstract no. Mo.B.1397); Hoh R, Strawford A, Hellerstein MK; Dept of Nutritional Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA. Fax: 510-642-0535. E-mail: march@nature.berkeley.edu.; The natural history of nutritional and metabolic parameters was followed in 59 HIV-infected subjects (43 men, 16 women). Body weight (wt), body composition (lean body mass [LBM] and fat) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and CD4 count were measured serially every 6-12 weeks. Mean follow-up was 13.3 plus or min
Maintenance of long-term virus suppression in patients treated with the HIV-1 protease inhibitor Crixivan (indinavir).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Mo.B.170); Emini EA, Condra JH, Schleif WA, Massari FE, Leavitt RY, Deutsch PJ, Chodakewitz JA; Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA. Fax: 215-652-0994. E-mail: emilio_emini@merck.com.; Objective: Loss of Indinavir-mediated virus suppression seen in some patients during treatment with the inhibitor has been shown to be associated with the selection of viral variants expressing reduced Indinavir susceptibility. However, the apparent probability and timing of resistant virus selection varies widely amon
Concurrent ritonavir and rifabutin increases risk of rifabutin-associated adverse events.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Mo.B.171); Sun E, Heath-Chiozzi M, Cameron DW, Hsu A, Granneman RG, Maurath CJ, Leonard JM; Pharmaceutical Products Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA. Fax: 847-938-3711. E-mail: sune@randb.abbott.com.; Rifabutin is used for the prophylaxis and treatment of MAC infection in AIDS patients. Dose-related side effects include uveitis, skin discoloration, and arthralgia/arthritis.1 Ritonavir (ABT-538) is a potent inhibitor of the HIV protease, and has demonstrated clinical and virologic efficacy in a placeb
Efficacy and safety of triple combination therapy with Invirase (saquinavir/SQV/HIV protease inhibitor), Epivir (3TC/lamivudine) and Retrovir (ZDV/zidovudine) in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Mo.B.172); Baruch A, Mastrodonato-Delora P, Schnipper E, Salgo M; Hoffmann-La Roche, Nutley, New Jersey. Fax: (201) 812-3629.; Objective: To provide activity and safety data for SQV in combination with ZDV and 3TC Methods: A total of 33 HIV+ patients, naive to antiretroviral therapy and with CD4 counts 150-500 cells/mm3 were enrolled in an exploratory, single arm open-label study of combination treatment with SQV 600 mg tid, 3TC 150 mg bid and
Extended follow-up of safety and activity of agouron's HIV proteinase inhibitor ag1343 (Viracept) in virological responders from the UK phase I/II dose finding study.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Mo.B.173); Moyle GJ, Youle M, Higgs C, Monaghan J, Peterkin J, Chapman S, Nelson M; Kobter Centre, Chelsea And Westminister Hospital, London, UK. Fax: UK 171 938 3460.; Introduction: In the first 28 day open-label phase I/II dose escalation trial with AG1343, HIV-positive therapy naive persons, with baseline CD4 200-500 cells/mm3 and viral loads greater than or equal to 20000 copies/ml (by bDNA) were treated with doses of 771 (N=10) and 1026 mg (base equivalent)/day (N=10) of AG1343 [
Indinavir (MK 639) drug interaction studies.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Mo.B.174); McCrea JB; Clinical Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA. Fax: 610-834-0213.; Objective: To evaluate potential pharmacokinetic interactions between indinavir (MK 639; IDV) with drugs that are P-450 3A substrates and/or with drugs that are frequently prescribed to HIV-infected patients. Methods: Seven studies used a 3-period crossover design: IDV given alone, in combination with the other drug of
A triple combination of Ritonavir+AZT+ddC as a first line treatment of patients with AIDS: update.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Mo.B.175); Mathez D, Bagnarelli P, De Truchis P, Gorin I, Katlama C, Pialoux G, Ruggeri C, Saimot AG, Tubiana R, Chauvin JP, Clementl J, Leibowitch J; Hopital Raymond Poincare, Garches, France.; Objective: To combine one potent HIV-1 protease inhibitor with 2 synergistic nucleoside analogues in treatment-nave patients with advanced HIV infections. Patients and methods: 29 virus-culture positive HIV-1 infected adults with less than 250 CD4/microgram 1 were offered an ethical review board-approved open label com
Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of SPV-30 (boxwood extract) in patients with HIV disease.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Mo.B.180); Pharo A, Salvato P, Thompson C, Stokes D, Mastman B, Keister R; Twelve Oaks Hospital, Houston, TX. Fax: (713) 960-7910.; Objective: To determine if SPV-30, an all natural boxwood evergreen extract, manufactured by Arkopharma in France is safe and efficacious in HIV disease. Methods: HIV-1 viral load measured by RNA PCR and dDNA, CD4 counts and CD8, counts were evaluated in 173 HIV patients. Baseline viral load ranged from virtually no HI
Nationwide longitudinal outcomes study of HIV/AIDS alternative therapies.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Mo.B.181); Standish LJ, Calabrese C, Reeves C; Bastyr University AIDS Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA. Fax: 206-517-3599. E-mail: ljs@bastyr.edu.; Objective: The Bastyr University AIDS Research Center was established in October 1994 by the NIH s Office of Alternative Medicine. The mission of the Center is 1) to describe forms and patterns of use of alternative medical (AM) therapies for the treatment of HIV+ patients, either prescribed by practitioners or self-ad
A standardized clinical assessment tool on the use of alternative therapies by HIV-positive individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Mo.B.182); Sabo CE, Paterson MA, Carwein VL; University of Nevada, Las Vegas, College of Health Sciences Las Vegas, NV. Fax: 702-895-1356. E-mail: csabo@ccmail.nevada.edu.; There is currently no standardized clinical tool to assess the use of alternative therapies in HIV-positive individuals. Project: A tool which can be used to assess the use of alternative therapies in HIV-positive individuals is developed based on a survey of 127 HIV-positive individuals who used alternative the
Use of alternative treatments for HIV: patterns and correlates.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Mo.B.183); Collins RL, Kanouse DE, Senterfitt JW, McCutchan AJ, Wenger NS, Fleishman JA, Marshall GN, Kelly MD, Grant I, Bozzette SA; RAND, Santa Monica, CA, USA. Fax: (310) 451-6917. E-mail: RebeccaCollins@rand.org.; Objective: To determine the extent to which those who use alternative treatments fail to disclose this to medical providers or substitute these treatments for more conventional therapies, and to identify correlates of these behaviors. Methods: One hundred forty HIV+ persons being followed at the UCSD Neurobehavioral Re
Evolving strategic planning in complementary therapies: a national care, treatment & support approach.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Mo.B.184); Bhatia R, McDonald J; Health Canada, HPSB, AIDS Care, Treatment Division, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-941-3526.; In North America, upwards of 70% of HIV-positive persons make use of complementary therapies. In Canada , few resources have been committed and little done to take a national approach to the use and place of complementary therapies in HIV/AIDS treatment. Project: In November of 1995 the AIDS Care, Treatment and
A training program to enhance nurses' clinical assessment of HIV patients via standardized procedures.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Mo.B.190); Katsufrakis PJ, Hummel D, Saunders JM, Nyquist JG; Pacific AIDS Education and Training Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. Fax: (213)342-2663.; Nurses approach to health promotion, symptom management and integrated care is needed by patients with HIV. This program increases nursing participation in primary care of HIV/AIDS patients, necessary in the face of increasing numbers of patients, inadequate access to care, and burnout of existing providers. Pro
Who is serving whom: the challenge of continuity and customer service.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Mo.B.191); Veldhorst G, Grondin M, Harrison H; The Wellesley Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 416-926-7924.; People living with HIV receiving care at a medium sized teaching hospital were concerned that the traditional models in which nursing care was delivered was not satisfactorily meeting their needs. Frequent interactions with the health care system and the complex physical manifestations affecting the body, mind a
Knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV infection among auxiliary nurses working at IMIP's hospital.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Mo.B.193); Araujo WS, Souza E, Santos R, Mendonca K, Cantarutti L; Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco (IMIP), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Fax: 55-81-2226591.; Objective: To determine the current knowledge and attitudes of auxiliary nurses (AN) working at Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco s (IMIP) Hospital, reference center for mother and child health and HIV infection in children, in a cross-sectional study. Methods: On July 1995, 100 out of 400 AN working at IMIP wer
Continuity of nursing care in an HIV outpatient clinic.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Mo.B.194); Wilkinson M, Pullen S, Phillips M; Grahame Hayton Unit, Ambrose King Centre, Royal London Hospital, England, UK.; Project: To implement a system providing continuous care by the same nurse throughout a patient s stay in the clinic. The nursing staff comprised of three registered general nurses, all with post-registration HIV training and varying levels of both general and HIV nursing and research experience. A total of 344 patient
Health care personnel education on AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Mo.B.195); Simpson C, Augustine J; C.M.C. Hospital, Vellore, India.; Issues: Nursing personnel have irrational fear towards AIDS Care. Projects: Education plays a major role in prevention of HIV infection and enhancement of compassionate care to AIDS patients. Hence, inservice education was arranged in all the clinical departments, by the supervisor. Protocols on AIDS care was prepared
Outcomes of an undergraduate HIV/AIDS nursing elective: insightful learning to promote quality care.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Mo.B.196); Wyness MA, Goldstone I, Trussler T; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 822-7466. E-mail: wyness@nursing.ubc.ca.; Research has shown that nursing students knowledge about HIV/AIDS is frequently inadequate and that fostering the values, attitudes, skills and professional confidence required to provide quality nursing care is the major challenge for educators. Project: An undergraduate HIV/AIDS elective was developed in colla
Effect of nucleoside analogue RT inhibitors on plasma HIV RNA and CD4 count as an indicator of clinical effect.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Mo.B.290); Phillips AN, Eron J, Bartlett J, Hill AM; HIV Research Unit, Dept. Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK. Fax: UK 171-794-1224. E-mail: andrew@rfhsm.ac.uk.; Objective: To assess the extent to which the effect of combination therapy with zidovudine + lamivudine ( 3TC ) on plasma HIV RNA and the CD4 count is translated into a clinical effect. Methods: For 620 patients randomised in the North American NUCA3001 (n=366; zdv/3TC vs zdv vs 3TC in zdv nai
A randomized, comparative trial of ZDV versus ZDV plus ddI versus ZDV plus ddC in persons with CD4 cell counts of less than 200/mm3.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Mo.B.291); Saravolatz LD, Collins G, Hodges D, Winslow D, Pettinelli C; Infectious Diseases Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI. Fax: (313) 876-2993.; Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS 007 Protocol Team, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Objective: To compare the efficacy of zidovudine (ZDV) alone, ZDV given with didanosine (ZDV + ddI ), and ZDV given with
HIV viral load changes in delta patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Mo.B.292); Brun-Vezinet F; Laboratoire de Virologie, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 46 27 02 08.; Objective: To study correlation between viral load changes, immunological evolution and clinical outcome in a subset of Delta 1 AZT-naive patients. Methods: A total of 230 patients were recruited in 22 selected centers in France , UK and Netherlands for virological studies including viral load quantitation.
Suppression of plasma HIV RNA by reverse transcriptase inhibitors prevents AIDS and death in ACTG 175; combination and monotherapy with ZDV, ddI and ddC.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Mo.B.293); Katzenstein DA, Hammer S, Hughes M, Gundacker H, Jackson B, Fiscus S, Lathey J, Rasheed S, Reichman R, Elbeik T, Japour A, D'Aquila R, Scott W, Griffiths B, Winters M, Merigan T, Hirsch M; Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA. Fax: 415-725-2395. E-mail: ml.dak@forsythe.stanford.edu.; Objective: To Determine the importance of CD4 cells, quantitative HIV plasma viremia and syncytia inducing (SI) virus on 50% CD4 cell decline, AIDS, and death in a study of reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI) Therapy; specifically ZDV, ZDV/ ddI , ZDV/ ddC ,
A randomized, double-blinded comparative trial of the effects of zidovudine, didanosine and nevirapine combinations in antiviral naive, AIDS-free, HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts 200-600/mm3.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. Mo.B.294); Myers MW, Julios GM; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA. Fax: (203) 798-5433.; Objective: To compare the safety, tolerability, immunological and virological activity of 2 and 3 drug combination therapy regimens including zidovudine (ZDV), didanosine ( ddI ) and
Delavirdine (DLV) combined with zidovudine (ZDV) or didanosine (ddI) produces sustained reduction in viral burden and increases in CD4 count in early and advanced HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. Mo.B.295); Freimuth WW, Chuang-Stein CJ, Greenwald CA, Wathen LK, Edge-Padbury BA, Cox SR, Daenzer CL, Wang Y, Carberry PA; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI.; Objective: Delavirdine a potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, effectively inhibits both RNA- and DNA-directed polymerase functions of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and has been shown to be synergistic with ZDV (in ZDV sensitive and resistant strains) and ddI
Traditional medicine is a valid local alternative for the treatment of chronic diarrhea and Herpes zoster in AIDS patients in Kampala, Uganda.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. Mo.B.300); Homsy J, Kabatesi D, Kwamya L, Tusaba C, Kasolo S, Okello M, Ssentamu L, Mwebe D, Nshakira N, Mubiru F, King R, Katabira E; TASO THETA Project, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-530'619 or 267'113 or 268'498. E-mail: msftheta@imul.com.; Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of chronic diarrhea (CD) and Herpes Zoster (HZ) in HIV-infected patients in Kampala, Uganda . Methods: Trials were conducted in 2 phases. In phase I, test patients were selected, enrolled and followed-up at 3 healers clinics by t
Alternative therapy use in HIV-positive women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. Mo.B.301); Meneilly GP, Carr R, Brown L; Oak Tree Clinic, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: 604-875-3063. E-mail:gmeneilly@unixg.ubc.ca.; Objective: To characterize the use of alternative therapies in a group of HIV-positive women. Methods: Forty-two percent (26/62) of female patients attending an ambulatory HIV clinic were identified as using alternative therapies. Using a structured telephone interview, the use of alternative therapies in this populati
A model of collaborative naturopathic and allopathic medicine in primary HIV health care.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. Mo.B.302); Luby KP, Rubin G; Rubin G; The delivery of health care to patients with HIV is continually evolving, driven predominantly by our own patients as they pursue alternatives to allopathic medicine. This has necessitated openmindedness on the part of physicians and commitment to cooperation on the part of complementary therapists to ensure com
Meta-survey of plant and herb material as a treatment for HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:22 (abstract no. Mo.B.303); Chang RY, Kong XB; Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-717-3367. E-mail: changr@mskcc.org.; Objective: To identify the current scope and nature of plant and herbal compounds and extracts potentially useful in anti-HIV treatment, and their state of research and development. Methods: A comprehensive search of the published literature since 1982 on all plant and herbal compounds or extracts screened for anti-HIV
Effects of aerobic and resistive exercise on symptoms, immune status, and viral load in HIV+ men and women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no. Mo.B.304); Smith BA, Neidig J, Nickel J, Frid D, Para M, Fass R; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. Fax: 614-292-4948. E-mail: Smith.73@OSU.edu.; Objective: The effect of aerobic and resistive exercise on HIV+ adults has not been completely characterized. This experimental study will evaluate a supervised aerobic and resistive exercise protocol in 60 HIV+ adults with CD4 counts of 200-499. Impact on symptoms, immune markers, viral load, mood states, body composi
Herbal medicine: an alternative therapy in poor rural areas.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no. Mo.B.305); Ssemukasa M, Apio S; Concern Worldwide, Masaka, Uganda. Fax: 256-481-20514.; In Rakai District, Uganda , most families with sick people due mainly to HIV/AIDS cannot afford the high cost of Western Medicine and are often reluctant to use the cheaper local herbal medicine due to uncertainty about their effectiveness. Health facilities in health centres are unavailable to the majority of the popu
Disease patterns in AIDS-related focal brain lesion (FBL)-causing disorders: a prospective cohort study on neuroradiological and clinical characteristics combined with CSF PCR analysis.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no. Mo.B.310); Ammassari A, De Luca A, Cingolani A, Fortini M, Scoppettuolo G, Murri R, Cattani P, Grillo R; Clinic Of Infection Diseases, Catholic University, Gemelli, Rome, Italy. Fax: 00396-3058512.; Objective: 1. To identify disease patterns based on the combination of neuroradiological and clinical characteristics as well as PCR tests on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the diagnosis of different focal brain lesion (FBL)-causing disorders in HIV+ patients (pts); 2. To build a decision-making algorithm to be employed
Molecular characterization of JCV strains detected in CSF, PBMCs and urine of AIDS patients with and without PML.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no. Mo.B.311); Ferrante P, Caldarelli-Stefano R, Omodeo-Zorini E, Losciale L, Mediati M, Vago L, Cagni A, Cereda P, Maserati R; Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.; Objective: To establish the frequency and the distribution of JC virus (JCV) among AIDS patients with and without progressive multi-focal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and the relevance of different JCV strains in the pathogenesis of this demyelinating disease. Methods: JCV DNA was searched, using a nested polymerase chain
A prospective, randomized trial of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole versus pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine in AIDS patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis. A preliminary report.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:23 (abstract no. Mo.B.312); Torre D, Casari S, Speranza F, Orani A, Angarano G, Chiodo G, Fiori GP, Carosi GP; Department of Infectious Diseases, Varese, Italy. Fax: 0332-265586.; Objectives: The efficacy of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) in cerebral toxoplasmosis (CT) of patients with AIDS has not yet been established in randomized trial. Some retrospective studies showed that TMP-SMZ is effective in CT in AIDS patients. To determine the efficacy and tolerance of TMP-SMZ versus standa
Cerebral dendritic arborization is associated with degree of cognitive impairment in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. Mo.B.313); Marcotte TD, Masliah E, Heaton RK, Ellis RJ, Wiley C, Mallory M, McCutchan JA, Atkinson JH, Grant I; University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. Fax: 619-543-1235. E-mail: igrant@ucsd.edu.; Objective: To determine if cortical dendritic arborization, assessed at autopsy, correlates with cognitive functioning during life in individuals who had HIV infection and varying neurocognitive impairment. Methods: Midfrontal cortical sections from 19 subjects who received a comprehensive neuropsychological (NP) and n
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HIV-1 RNA levels correlate with AIDS dementia complex (ADC).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. Mo.B.314); Brew BJ, Pemberton L, Cunningham P, Law M; NCHECR, Sydney, Australia. Fax: 612 332 1837. E-mail: B.Brew@UNSW.edu.au.; Objectives: To determine the relationships between levels of CSF HIV-1 RNA and i) the presence and severity of ADC, ii) central nervous system (CNS) infections and iii) CSF 2 microglobulin and neopterin levels. Methods: 26 patients were assessed neurologically, neuropsychologically, by CT brain scan and CSF analysis, w
Evidence for biochemical changes in the frontal lobe of HIV-infected individuals without ADC.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. Mo.B.315); Lenkinski RE, Lopez-Villegas D, Frank I; Hospital of the Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.; Objective: There has been recent interest in employing proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) to study the effects of HIV infection in the CNS. Since it has been shown that neuronal damage occurs in the intermediate or late stages of disease our goal was to determine whether MRS could detect metabolic alterations
Saquinavir (invirase, SQV) vs. HIVID (zalcitabine, ddC) vs. combination as treatment for advanced HIV infection in patients discontinuing/unable to take retrovir (zidovudine, ZDV).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. Mo.B.410); Salgo MP, Beattie D, Bragman K, Donatacci L, Jones M, Montgomery L; Hoffmann-La Roche, Nutley, NJ. Fax: (201) 812-3629.; Objective: The objective of this randomized, double-blind, phase II/III, multicenter study was to compare the safety, tolerability and efficacy of SQV and ddC , alone and in combination, based on clinical endpoints and laboratory markers of immunological and virologic activity. Methods: A total of 978 HIV-infected pati
Prolongation of life and prevention of AIDS complications in advanced HIV immunodeficiency with ritonavir: update.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:24 (abstract no. Mo.B.411); Cameron DW, Heath-Chiozzi M, Kravcik S, Mills R, Potthoff A, Henry D; Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-737-8682. E-mail: bcameron@aixl.uottawa.ca.; Objective: Ritonavir is a potent, orally bioavailable HIV protease inhibitor. We designed and conducted an international multi-centre randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of ritonavir 600 mg twice daily for outcomes of death and new AIDS-defining illnesses or selected recurrences (pneumocystis pneumonia, esopha
Extended follow-up of patients in a study of indinavir at 800 mg q8h (2.4 g/d), 1000 mg q8h (3.0 g/d) and 800 mg q6h (3.2 g/d).: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:25 (abstract no. Mo.B.412); Steigbigel R, Berry P, Teppler H, Mellors J, Drusano G, Leavitt R, Hildebrand C, Jonas L, Nessly M, Deutsch P, Chodakewitz J; State Univ. of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY. Fax: 516-444-7518.; Objectives: To obtain long-term (48 weeks) information on the antiviral effect of indinavir (IDV) at greater than or equal 2.4 g/d. Methods: IDV studies have demonstrated that initiation of therapy with 2.4 g/d results in greater and more sustained changes in CD4 counts and viral RNA than lower doses over 24 weeks.
A randomized phase II study of VIRACEPT, a novel HIV protease inhibitor, used in combination with stavudine (d4T) vs. stavudine (d4T) alone.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:25 (abstract no. Mo.B.413); Gathe J Jr, Burkhardt B, Hawley P, Conant M, Peterkin J, Chapman S; Houston Clinical Research Network, Houston, TX, USA. Fax: (713) 528-4923.; Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination of VIRACEPT and d4T versus d4T alone. Methods: A total of 33 HIV-positive have been enrolled in a ongoing pilot clinical study of the safety and efficacy of the combination of VIRACEPT and d4T versus d4T alone. Patients are d4T-naive with CD4 cell counts
Causes of long term efficacy and/or drug failure in protease (PR) inhibitor monotherapy.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:25 (abstract no. Mo.B.414); Schapiro JM, Winters MA, Vierra M, Vanhove G, Jacobsen H, Gingeras TR, Crawford SD, Mous J, Blaschke TF, Merigan TC; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Fax: 415-725-2395. E-mail: JMS.Leland.Stanford.edu.; We conducted a clinical trial in 40 HIV+ volunteers who received 3600 or 7200 mg/day saquinavir monotherapy for 24-88 weeks depending on virological and immunological response. Although almost all patients showed a significant rise in CD4 counts and drop in viral load, the duration of this response varied widely throug
Safety and efficacy of ritonavir administered at two potentially maximum tolerated doses.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:25 (abstract no. Mo.B.415); Hicks CB, Lehman L, Eron, Horton J, Jemsek J, Kelly N, Leonard J; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. Fax: 919-681-8474. E-mail: cbhicks@acpub.duke.edu.; Objective: To evaluate the antiviral activity/safety of ritonavir in an open-label study of potentially maximum tolerated doses in HIV-infected patients with greater than or equal50 CD4 cells/mm3. Methods: Multicenter, open-label study of 30 HIV-infected patients with CD4 cell counts greater than or equal 50 CD4/mm3, v
Hormonal and chronobiological impairment of GH-IGFI-IGFBP3 axis in HIV-infected patients (CDC C3) with wasting syndrome. Effects of treatment with recombinant human GH.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:25 (abstract no. Mo.B.420); Solerte SB, Fioravanti M, Rondanelli M, Vignati G, Scevola D, Locatelli M, Ferrari E, Minoli R; Dept. Internal Medicine, Pavia (Italy). Fax: 0039.382.24270.; Objective: It is still unclear the significance of endocrine alterations often described in AIDS patients. The controversy concerns the possible relevance of these changes in the clinical progression of the disease or the evaluation of endocrine dysfunctions as a consequence of HIV infection. On this light we studied t
Different body composition changes in men and women with AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. Mo.B.421); Kotler DP, Engelson ES, Thea DM, Wang J, Pierson RN, Saint-Louis M, Keusch GT; St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hosp. Ctr., New York, NY. Fax: (212) 523-3678.; Objective: To compare the effects of gender, race, environment, and disease (AIDS) upon body composition and upon the relative depletion of body cell mass (BCM), fat free mass (FFM) and body fat. Methods: We analyzed the results of body composition studies performed in two cohorts of subjects, totalling 1415 people, in
A phase III study of recombinant human growth hormone (mammalian cell-derived) in patients with AIDS wasting.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. Mo.B.422); Berger DS, LaMarca A, Landy H, Kauffman RS, Breitmeyer J; Center for Special Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA. Fax: 312-296-1097.; Decreased body cell mass/lean body mass is an independent prognostic factor in AIDS for early mortality and morbidity. A previous Phase III clinical trial of mammalian cell-derived recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH[m], Serostim , Serono Laboratories, Inc., Norwell MA) resulted in significant weight (wgt) gain, an
A prospective study on the safety and effect of nandrolone decanoate in HIV-positive patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. Mo.B.423); Bucher G, Berger DS, Fields-Gardner C, Jones R, Reiter WM; Center for Special Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA. Fax: 312-296-1097.; Objectives:There have been anecdotal reports of wide anabolic steroid use in HIV-positive patients for hypogonadism, fatigue, depression, and/or wasting. We report the first controlled trial on the safety of nandrolone decanoate (Nd) (Deca-Durabolin, Organon) in HIV-positive individuals. Methods: In a 12-week randomize
Fat malabsorption assessed by 14C-triolein breath test in HIV-positive patients in different stages of infection: is it an early event?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. Mo.B.424); Machado FR, Coelho LGV, Chausson Y, Greco DB; Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Service, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. Fax: 55-31-224-8801.; Objective: Evaluation of fat absorption in HIV+ patients, in different phases of HIV infection. Methods: Between November 1994 and February 1995, 47 consecutive HIV+ individuals on follow up at the Immunodeficiency Clinic, after informed consent, underwent a 14C-triolein breath test for evaluation of fat absorption. Te
Infectious HIV viral load, body mass index and weight change in IDUs and gay men.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:26 (abstract no. Mo.B.425); Levy DA, Graham N, Munoz A, Saah AJ, Vlahov D, Farzadegam H; Johns Hopkins SHPH, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-955-1836.; Objective: To examine the relationship between infectious viral load, and body mass index (BMI) and weight change, and to determine if the relationship is modified by other factors known to be associated with weight loss. Methods: Infectious HIV viral load was measured by quantitative microculture on 511 participants i
Antiherpes virus treatment and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. Mo.B.430); Mocroft A, Youle M, Gazzard B, Morcinek J, Halai R, Phillips AN; HIV Research Unit, Dept Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK. Fax: 01717941224.; Introduction and Objective: With the recent identification of a new herpes virus in patients with Kaposi s sarcoma, there have been several reports on the use of antiherpes therapy (foscarnet, ganciclovir and acyclovir ) and risk of developing Kaposi s sarcoma. We therefore investigated the association between use of a
AIDS-associated lymphoma is preceded by the over-expression of molecules associated with B cell activation and immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype switching.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. Mo.B.431); Martinez-Maza O, van der Meijden M, Widney D, Yawetz S; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Fax: (310) 206-5387. E-mail: omartine@microimmun.medsch.ucla.edu.; Objective: To determine if elevated levels of molecules associated with B cell hyperactivation or Ig isotype switching preceded the development of AIDS- lymphoma , we measured serum levels of various immune system factors associated with these processes, including serum sCD23 (a B cell differentiation/activation factor
Phase I-II clinical trial supports safety and efficacy of ALRT 1057 topical retinoid gel for Kaposi's sarcoma.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. Mo.B.432); Duvic M, Friedman-Kien AE, Galpin J, Miles SA, Looney DJ, Myskowski PL, Gill G, Truglia J, Yocum R; Department of Dermatology, Houston, TX.; Objective: To assess the safety and effectiveness of a new topical retinoid, ALRT 1057 (9-cis-retinoic acid) for the treatment of Kaposi s sarcoma. Methods: Sixty-three patients with biopsy-proven, multiple KS lesions enrolled in a controlled Phase I-II study at 6 centers. Patients applied 0.05% or 0.1% gel to selected
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) in 75 patients (pts), 46 with and 29 without HIV infection: a monoinstitutional study.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:27 (abstract no. Mo.B.433); Santarossa S, Spina M, Zagonel V, Carbone A, Talamini R, Abbruzzese L, Errante D, Monfardini S, Tirelli U; Division of Medical Oncology and AIDS, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy. Fax: 434/659531.; Objective: To compare the clinical features and outcome of pts with BL in HIV setting and in the general population. Methods: We retrospectively analysed 75 pts (46 with and 29 without HIV infection) diagnosed and treated at Aviano Cancer Center, Italy , from May 1987 to June 1995. Results: Pts with BL and HIV infectio
Risk factors in mothers of children with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS): a case control study.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. Mo.B.434); Mwidu S, Ziegler JL, Katongole-Mbidde E, Tindyebwa D, Marum L, Newton R, Beral V, Parkin DM, DeCock KM, Jaffe H, Weiss R; The Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe. Fax: 263-4-724384.; Objective: To determine the risk factors for childhood KS and to assess whether KSHV (HHV-8), the putative aetiological agent of KS, is transmissible from mother to child. Methods: Since January, 1995, newly diagnosed children with KS (cases) have been registered and their mothers interviewed. For every case 3 children
Curative therapy for AIDS cancers.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. Mo.B.435); Miles SA; UCLA Care Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Fax: 310-206-3311.; Many AIDS clinicians view patients with AIDS-related malignancies as uncurable. Recent laboratory and clinical data suggest that successful treatment may already be here for may of these patients. For example, the recent identification of the Kaposi s sarcoma herpes virus (HHV-8) and partial genomic cloning have provid
A rational approach to the use of antiretroviral agents.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. Mo.B.531); Vella S, Floridia M; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39-6-4457-582. E-mail: vella@virus1.iss.infn.it.; The number of antiretroviral drugs available for treatment is currently high enough to allow a considerable variety of strategies (e.g. early versus late), of combinations and of sequential regimens, which can also be better tailored to the medical status and preferences of the individual patient. In the design of firs
Formulating rational use of anti-retrovirals in Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. Mo.B.533); Prescott N, Kunanusont C, Phoolcharoen W, Rojanapitayakorn W, Perriens J, Boonyuen D; AIDS Division, Dept of CDC, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. E-mail:chaiyos@health.moph.go.th.; Background: An evaluation of antiretroviral policy options was conducted in 1995- 3 years after initiation of government-subsidised Zidovudine (ZDV) in Thailand . Experts from the World Bank, the World Health Organization , Thai universities, and the Thai Ministry of Public Health formed joint working groups on epidemi
Menstrual abnormalities in women with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. Mo.B.540); Cohen MH, Greenblatt R, Minkoff H, Barkan S, Burns D, Denenberg R, Young M, Levine A; Chicago, IL, USA. Fax: (312) 633-4902. E-mail: mcohen@hektoen.org.; Objective: To determine the prevalence and etiology of amenorrhea and to describe menstrual abnormalities in women with HIV infection. Methods: The Women s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) is a multi-site cohort study of HIV-infected women and a comparable at risk uninfected control group. Data for this analysis was availa
Reduced fertility among HIV-infected women. Results of cross-sectional and prospective studies in rural Uganda.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:28 (abstract no. Mo.B.541); Gray RH, Wawer MJ, Wabwire-Mangen F, Sewenkambo N, Serwadda D, Kigonzi G, Paxton L, Li C, Yan Y, McNairn D, Kiwanuka N; Department of Population Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: (410) 955-0792. E-mail: gray@hpcsun01.sph.jhu.edu.; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA, Columbia University, New York, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda . Objectives: To assess the association between HIV infection, STDs and fertility in two studies from rural Uganda. Methods: Data were derived from two studies in Rakai District, southwestern Uganda. These were
Incidence of pregnancy in a European cohort of HIV-infected women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. Mo.B.542); De Vincenzi I; European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS, St-Maurice, France. Fax: 33 1 43 96 50 81. E-mail: idvceses@b3e.jussieu.fr.; Objective: To analyse the impact of HIV testing on the incidence of pregnancy among HIV-infected women. Methods: The analysis is based on data collected at inclusion in a multicentre European cohort of HIV(+) women with a known date of infection. The incidence of pregnancies conceived in the year preceding the first HI
Pregnant HIV-infected women in Europe.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. Mo.B.543); Newell ML; Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, London, UK. Fax: 0171 813 8233. E-mail: M.Newell@ich.bpmf.ac.uk.; Objectives To describe the immunological characteristics and clinical progression of HIV-infected women during and following pregnancy. Methods In the European Collaborative Study, pregnant women and their children are followed-up at regular intervals according to a standard protocol. Clinical and immunological informa
Nurses' ethical dilemmas concerning informational privacy of people with HIV/AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. Mo.B.550); Vrehen HM; Utrecht University Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Fax: 31-30-2518328. E-mail: h.m.vrehen@digd.azu.nl.; The aim of this study was to gain insight into nurses perceptions of ethical dilemmas concerning informational privacy of patients with HIV/AIDS. Ethical dilemmas, described by nurses, their perception of these dilemmas and their dealings with them, were studied. The chosen research method was descriptive, from a quali
A profile of health care & informal support services received by persons with HIV & AIDS in Vancouver & British Columbia.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. Mo.B.551); Goldstone I, Schilder A, Hogg RS, Hanvelt R, Craib KJ, Bradford G, Perry T, O'Shaughnessy MV; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5464. E-mail: Kevin@HIVnet.ubc.ca.; Objective: To compare activities of daily living(ADL) and self care with services received from the health care system and informal support to persons with HIV(PWH) and AIDS(PWA) in Vancouver with the rest of BC. Methods: The study was conducted jointly by the BCPWA and the BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS. Eligibl
Degree of comfort in providing care to patients with HIV disease: a preliminary study of Vietnamese nurses.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:29 (abstract no. Mo.B.552); Correll P, Dat N, Kloser P; University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, Westfield, NJ, USA. Fax: (908) 232-5369.; As the number of AIDS patients increases in Vietnam , health care professionals may have fears about providing care to patients with HIV infection. Project: Thirty four nursing students were asked a series of sixteen questions about their comfort level in caring for a patient with AIDS and one question regarding
HIV infection in children in school: educating school nurses and public health nurses in the U.S. using a train-the-trainer model.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. Mo.B.553); Gross E, Burr C, Boland M; National Pediatric and Family HIV Resource Center (NPHRC), UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA. Fax: (201) 485-2752. E-mail: gross@daiid.umdnj.edu.; HIV-infected children attend day care and school throughout the US. Many of these children have multiple health and educational problems. School is a normal part of childhood providing growth, development, and socialization that the chronically ill HIV-infected child needs. The knowledgeable school nurse can hel
Assessment of HIV testing in blood donations: cost analysis of routine screening with HIV-antibody and HIV antigen test in Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. Mo.C.120); Kongsin S, Rerks-Ngum S; Faculty of Public Health Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Fax: (662) 644-8833,246-7765.; Objectives: 1) To analyze the cost component of routine screening of Thai blood donors by using HIV-Ab (the 2nd and 3rd Generation ELISA) and HIV-Ag. 2) To determine the cost for the detection of the window period. 3) To analyze the effectiveness of donor s self selection methods. Methods: The study design was a cross-
Evaluation of HIV testing of the blood supply in Kenya.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. Mo.C.121); Lackritz E, Moore A, Nyamongo J, Herrera G, Granade T, Phillips S, Nahlen B, Janssen R; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-2029. E-mail: eal3@cidHIV1.em.cdc.gov.; Objective: To identify ways to prevent transmission of HIV by blood transfusion in Kenya . Methods: From April through September 1994, we collected demographic and laboratory data on all blood donors in 5 government hospitals in western Kenya and 1 in Nairobi. Donations were tested for HIV-1 antibody by routine hospita
Why are AIDS cases in persons with hemophilia and their heterosexual partners in the United States not decreasing?: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. Mo.C.122); Sullivan PS, Fleming P, Evatt BL, Ward JW; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.; Objective: Although ten years have passed since the introduction of heat treatment of plasma derivatives and laboratory screening of donated blood, cases of AIDS among persons with hemophilia (PWH) continue to be reported to CDC. This report examines trends in AIDS diagnoses among PWH and their heterosexual partners. M
Window period donations in an HIV epidemic area in Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:30 (abstract no. Mo.C.123); Sawanpanyalert P, Yanai H, Kitsuwannakul S, Nelson K; Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. Fax: 662-818-4061. E-mail: pathom@health.moph.go.th.; Objective: To estimate the risk of donation during the window period of HIV infection in an HIV epidemic area Methods: Six years (1989-1994) of blood donation registry data of a hospital blood bank in the HIV/AIDS epicenter in northern Thailand were doubly-entered in a computer file with names and other identifying inf
Residual risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections (HIV and other viruses) in France.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:31 (abstract no. Mo.C.124); Pillonel J, Courouce AM; RNSP, Saint-Maurice, France. Fax: 33.1.43.96.65.02.; Objective: To estimate the risk of HIV transmission by transfusion of blood given when the donor was within the window period and to compare it with the residual risk of other transfusion-transmitted viral infections (HTLV, HBV, HCV). Methods: A seroconversion incidence model developed by the Retrovirus Epidemiology Do
The possible role of commercial plasmapheresis banks on the AIDS epidemic in Mexico. A lesson for developing countries.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:31 (abstract no. Mo.C.125); Volkow P, Perez-Padilla R, del Rio C, Mohar A; National Institute of Cancer, Mexico. Fax: (525) 655-1437. E-mail: volkow@cenids.ssa.gob.mx.; The initial pattern of AIDS epidemic in USA and Mexico was similar until 1987 when a dramatic increase of AIDS cases associated with blood transfusion was observed in Mexico but not in the USA. The highest difference was reached in 1989 when AIDS cases associated with blood transfusion were 1
Digital optical data base and analysis of Western Blots for HIV-1 for the province of Saskatchewan, Canada.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:124 (abstract no. Mo.C.1400); Bar-Jurado S, Jurado A, Horseman G; AIDS Program, Dept. of Microbiology, U of S, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Fax: (306) 966-4311.; The massive storage and analysis of Western Blot (WB) diagnosis of HIV infection poses considerable difficulties as bands fade with time and complex multiple banding patterns occur. Objectives: 1. Creating a permanent Digital Image Data Base for all WB from Saskatchewan, since 1987. Materials and Methods: 1,139
Space-time analysis of mortality from AIDS in different provinces of Canada: 1982-1992.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:124 (abstract no. Mo.C.1401); Ghadirian P, Thouez JP, Dube P, Bodson P; Research Center, Epidemiology Research Unit, Hotel-Dieu of Montreal, St-Urbain, Montreal, Quebec.; Objective: To determine AIDS-related mortality associated with space and time (seasons). Methods: Data on mortality from AIDS, from provinces of British Columbia (BC), Ontario and Quebec from 1982 to 1992 were analysed (4,965 cases: 4,701 males and 264 females). Mortality rates were calculated based on population censu
Migration patterns of persons with AIDS in Canada from time of index AIDS diagnosis to death.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:124 (abstract no. Mo.C.1402); Ng E, Whitehead J, Hogg RS, Ricketts M, Lalonde P, Fair M, Le T, Schechter MT; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5464. E-mail: Kevin@hivnet.ubc.ca.; Objective: To characterize migration patterns in persons with AIDS in Canada from the time of AIDS index diagnosis to death using AIDS case and death reports. Methods: Health Canada s AIDS Case Reporting Surveillance System (ACRSS) up to September 1994 was linked to deaths in the Canadian Mortality Database (CMDB) at S
Epidemiological studies are feasible in immigrant populations: a study of Montrealers of Haitian origin.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:125 (abstract no. Mo.C.1403); Adrien A, Leaune V, Boivin JF, Remis RS, Eustache T, Beauger M, Duperval R, Nol G; DRSP Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-932-1502.; Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HIV infection and risk factors among Montrealers of Haitian origin. Methods: This study is built on a participatory model in which representatives of community groups of Montrealers of Haitian origin collaborated with the research team. Since April 1994, individuals, aged 15 t
The Canadian perinatal HIV surveillance program.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:125 (abstract no. Mo.C.1404); King SM, Lapointe N, Forbes J, Allen UD, Read SE, Singer J; Div. of Infectious Diseases, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. Fax: (416)813-5032. E-mail: sking@sickids.on.ca.; Objective: To develop a national surveillance program for perinatal HIV infection in Canada Methods: From each paediatric tertiary care centre across Canada, the physicians caring for children with HIV infection were invited to join the CPAR group. Using a standard form, these physicians provide information on the peri
Lessons in the development of the HIV Ontario observational database.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:125 (abstract no. Mo.C.1405); Lavery JV, Robinson GA, Millson ME, Rachlis AR; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, North York, Ontario, Canada. Fax: (416) 480-5881. E-mail: lavery@inforamp.net.; Issues: The province of Ontario currently compiles statistics on HIV/AIDS from a number of sources at various stages of the disease process. However, these data sources are not complete or comprehensive enough individually to support a wide range of epidemiological research across all stages of the disease process. Pro
Epidemiology of AIDS among U.S. Veterans Administration Medical Center patients.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:125 (abstract no. Mo.C.1406); Levine VR; Indiana Health Center, Kokomo, IN, USA. Fax: 317-677-3131.; Objectives: To compare the incidence of AIDS among U.S. male veterans who receive medical care at a Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) with the incidence among the total U.S. male population, and to determine whether states with a high incidence of AIDS among VAMC patients tend to also have a high incidence
Epidemiology of AIDS-related coccidioidomycosis in California.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:125 (abstract no. Mo.C.1407); Barrett MF, Rutherford GW, Sun RK; School of Public Health, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.; Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis in AIDS patients in California. Methods: We reviewed AIDS cases reported to the California Department of Health Services from 1987 to August 31, 1995. We compared patients with and without coccidioidomycosis as an AIDS-defining illness by age, sex, race and
Hepatitis B seroprevalence among an inner-city cohort of HIV-infected and -uninfected women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:126 (abstract no. Mo.C.1408); Justman JE, Augenbraun M, Kalish L, Burns D, Sha BE, Brosgart C, Kovacs A; Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY. Fax: 718-518-5829. E-mail: justman@aecom.yu.edu.; Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of, and risk factors for, hepatitis B virus (HBV) among inner-city HIV-infected and -uninfected women. Methods: From October 1, 1994 to May 1, 1995 1761 women were enrolled in the Women s Interagency HIV study (WIHS), a prospective natural history study of HIV+ and high-risk H
The epidemiology of HIV in the rural South.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:126 (abstract no. Mo.C.1409); Schable B, Diaz T, Ward JW; Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404) 639-2029.; Background: AIDS cases in non-urban areas of the southern United States have recently been increasing more rapidly than in other regions; however, information on the HIV epidemic in these areas is sparse. Methods: We interviewed persons reported with HIV/AIDS to health departments in 5 rural areas in 4 southern states.
Clinical epidemiology of HIV disease in rural Alabama.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:126 (abstract no. Mo.C.1410); Fawal HJ, Beltrami J, Holmberg S, Diaz T, DiClemente R, Holmes R, Cheeks J, Vermund SH; University of AL at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Fax: 205-934-8665. E-mail: HFawal@epi.soph.uab.edu.; Alabama (AL) is experiencing an HIV epidemic of moderate magnitude (1994 AIDS incidence 13.7/100,000). However, a rising female-to-male ratio (0.20 in 1994), expansion of the geographic scope of the epidemic within the state, and substantial migration among infected persons suggest expanding sexual transmission of HIV.
Relative rates of AIDS among racial/ethnic groups by exposure categories.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:126 (abstract no. Mo.C.1411); Haverkos HW; National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 301-443-4100. E-mail: HHaverko@aoada.ssw.dhhs.gov.; Objective: To determine the relative rates (RR) of AIDS among racial/ethnic populations. Methods: RR are calculated by assuming that racial distributions reflect that of U.S. Census Data, 1992, i.e., White - 74%; African-American - 11.8%; Hispanic - 9.5%; Asian/Pacific Islander - 3.1%; American Indian/Alaskan Native -
HIV seroprevalence trends in 15-24 year-old patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics, New York City, 1990-1995.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:126 (abstract no. Mo.C.1412); Torian LV, Murrill CS, Makki HA, Benson DA, Economou AN, Schween FW, Vavagiakis P, Weisfuse IB; New York City Department of Health, New York, NY. Fax: 212-442-3482.; Objective: To estimate HIV seroprevalence (P) in 15-24 year-olds who presented to NYC Department of Health sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics during 1990-1995 (N=25,040). Method: Unlinked HIV-1 serosurvey using remnant serum originally drawn for routine serologic tests for syphilis (STS). Demographic, risk fact
HIV-1 seroprevalence among injecting drug users presenting to NYC sexually transmitted disease clinics, 1990-1995.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:126 (abstract no. Mo.C.1413); Murrill CS, Torian LV, Makki HA, Benson DA, Economou AN, Schween FW, Weisfuse IB; NYC Department of Health(NYCDOH), NY, NY. Fax: 212-442-3482. E-mail: murr102w@wonder.em.cdc.gov.; Objective: To determine HIV-1 seroprevalence in injecting drug users attending NYC Department of Health STD clinics between 1990 and 1995. Methods: Unlinked HIV-1 serosurveys using remnant serum originally drawn for routine syphilis screening. Consecutive enrollment of patients presenting to clinics for routine STD exa
HIV seroprevalnce trends in patients presenting to a public hospital in NYC with admissions unrelated to AIDS, HIV, or of infectious origin, 1991-1994.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:127 (abstract no. Mo.C.1414); Vavagiakis P, Torian LV, Makki HA, Brennessel D, Weisfuse IB; New York City Department of Health (NYCDOH), New York, NY. Fax: 212-442-3482.; Objective: To measure HIV-1 seroprevalence (P) in a sample of hospital patients with an admitting diagnosis not related to AIDS, HIV, or of an infectious origin at a public hospital in New York City. Method: An unlinked HIV-1 serosurvey using remnant serum originally obtained for diagnostic purposes. Demographic, clini
County, city, and state-level correlates of U.S. AIDS prevalence and mortality: implications for future health care needs.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:127 (abstract no. Mo.C.1415); Zimmerman RS, Stratton TD; Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY. Fax: 606-323-5350.; Objective: To consider and explain the extent and ways in which patterns of AIDS incidence and mortality in the U.S. are related to sociodemographic and geographic variables and are changing at the city, county, and state levels. Methods: AIDS data were taken from the CDC s AIDS surveillance reports for 1984-1992. Stat
Second wave of HIV infection washes ashore: South Beach health survey of young gay men.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:127 (abstract no. Mo.C.1416); Webster RD, Darrow WW, Stempel RR, Taylor R, Bennett B, Dollinger RF; Florida International University, (FIU), North Miami, FL, USA. Fax: 305-919-5507. E-mail: darroww@servax.fiu.edu.; Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of HIV-1 infection among young men who have sex with men (MSM) and to compare prevalence and risk factors with those reported for young MSM in San Francisco. Methods: A three-stage probability sampling scheme was used to identify residential addresses and eligible respondents in a
HTLV-I/II seroprevalence among a cohort of HIV-infected women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:127 (abstract no. Mo.C.1417); Telzak EE, Hershow R, Kalish L, Hardy W, Zuckerman E, Levine A, Delapenha R, DeHovitz J, Greenblatt R, Anastos K; Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Dept. of Med., Bronx, N.Y.; Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of, and risk factors for, HTLV-I/II infection among HIV-infected women enrolled in the prospective Women s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS).Methods: From October 1, 1994 to May 1, 1995, 1761 women were enrolled at six sites in the United States . This analysis is limited to the 53
Demographics & needle-sharing of injecting drug users in Arizona.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:127 (abstract no. Mo.C.1418); Boyd DK, Brown C; Arizona Dept. of Health Services, Office HIV/STD Services, Phoenix, AZ.; Objective: To identify the demographic and behavioral profile of injecting drug users in Arizona.Methods: Since 1991, all HIV-infected Arizona residents aged at least 18 years reported to the Department of Health Services (ADHS) have been asked to participate in a standardized interview, the Supplemental HIV/AIDS Surve
HIV/AIDS epidemiologic profile of West Virginia.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:128 (abstract no. Mo.C.1419); Foglia G, Farr RW; West Virginia University, Dept of Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Ctr, Morgantown, WV. Fax: (304) 293-8824.; Objective: An epidemiologic profile was complied using CDC guidelines published in June 1995 to provide a descriptive understanding of the HIV/AIDS epidemic among various, rural West Virginia populations and to identify characteristics of HIV-infected persons in defined public health districts who need prevention servi
HIV infection among First Nations people in Northern Alberta.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:128 (abstract no. Mo.C.1420); Houston S, Reese H; University of Alberta Hospitals, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Fax: 403-492-7137.; Introduction: Canadian aboriginal people experience high rates of socioeconomic and behavioural risk factors for HIV infection including poverty, incarceration, IDU, STD, commercial sex. Objectives: To describe the clinical and demographic characteristics and temporal trends of HIV infection among aboriginals in Northe
HIV seroprevalence among Asian/Pacific Islanders attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in the United States, 1989-1994.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:128 (abstract no. Mo.C.1421); Sidhu JS, Weinstock H, Gwinn M; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-2029.; Objective: To describe HIV seroprevalence among Asian/Pacific Islanders (APIs) attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics. Methods: Since 1988, CDC and state and local health departments have conducted anonymous surveys in selected STD clinics in the United States . Demographic data and selected risk behavior
Who is knocking on the door for HIV testing: study of 9959 cases.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:128 (abstract no. Mo.C.1422); Cahn P, Ben G, Bloch C, San Pedro M, Gonzalez S, Perez H; Hospital Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: (541) 983-7774.; Objective: To analyse changes in the profile of population spontaneously attending for HIV testing. Methods: We performed 9959 HIV tests to patients spontaneously attending to our clinic between 1986 and 1995. Information was collected on a Fox Pro 2.5 database system. We studied sex, age, risk behaviour [homosexuals (
Critical epidemiological and social study of HIV-AIDS infected women in Buenos Aires.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:128 (abstract no. Mo.C.1423); Macias J, Rodriguez RE, Wainstein C; Hospital F.J. Muniz, Programa SIDA MCBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Objectives: 1. To define epidemiological and social factors related to HIV-AIDS infection in women. 2. To report the results obtained from a diagnosis of the situation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 496 medical histories belonging to HIV-AIDS diagnosed female patients (pts.) discharged from our medica
Determination of HIV-1 subtypes in blood donors and hemophiliacs in Minas Gerais, Brazil by heteroduplex mobility assay.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:128 (abstract no. Mo.C.1424); Barbosa EF, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Oliveira DR, Kroon EG, Ferreira PC; Departamento Microbiologia ICB/UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil. Fax: 5531-4436482. E-mail: edelfb@oraculo.lcc.ufmg.br.; Introduction and objective: The development of a safe and effective vaccine against HIV requires a good knowledge on genetic variability of the HIV-1 virus. Divergence of the HIV envelope gene may reach up to 30% among the nine different subtypes (A to I) so far isolated. The city of Belo Horizonte has about 4 million
Assessing the regional distribution of HIV prevalence among drug users in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:129 (abstract no. Mo.C.1425); Telles PR, Surratt H, Inciardi J; PROVIVA-NEPAD-State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55 21 589-4309. E-mail: ptelles@vmesa.uerj.br.; Objectives: To assess/compare the HIV seroprevalence in different regions of Rio de Janeiro City among drug users (injectors & snorters). Methods: 804 cocaine users (131 injectors and 673 snorters) were recruited from the streets (principally from slums/shantytowns and red light districts) in Rio, as a part of the
AIDS in Sao Paulo, Brazil. A spatial analysis of its first decade.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:129 (abstract no. Mo.C.1426); Szwarcwald CL, Bastos FI, Castilho E, Rodrigues L; DIS, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 0055 21 2702668.; Objective: The spatial pattern of the AIDS epidemic in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil , in its first decade (1982-92), was analyzed. Methods: Accumulated AIDS incidences for each one of the 571 municipalities were calculated. Spatial analysis followed Cliff & Ord methodology (1981), using as the autocorrelation mea
Trends of heterosexual transmission of HIV in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:129 (abstract no. Mo.C.1427); Barreira D, Lauria LM; Health Secretariat of Rio de Janeiro City, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55 21 293-3210. E-mail: laur@uclink2.berkeley.edu.; Objective: To evaluate the changes of HIV transmission patterns in Rio de Janeiro City from 1982 to 1995. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 6522 AIDS cases reported to the Health Secretariat between 1982 and 1995. All cases were classified by sex, age groups, year of diagnosis and categories of transm
Eight years of follow-up in Evandro Chagas: correspondence analysis on AIDS mortality data.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:129 (abstract no. Mo.C.1428); Perez MA, Rolla V, Velloso V, Grinztejn B, Galhardo MC, Cotrim MR; NESC Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; Objective: To identify most relevant diseases associated with AIDS patients who died between 1987-94, and to study differences between disease prevalence in the same time period. Methods: Data collected since 1987 in Evandro Chagas was analyzed, in order to study disease prevalence of all patients who died in the 1987-
Epidemiology of AIDS in the state of Ceara - Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:129 (abstract no. Mo.C.1429); Martins TA, Barbosa L, Kerr-Pontes L, Gondim R; Secretaria de Estado da Saude (SESA-CE), Ceara, Brazil. Fax: 55 85 254-2942.; Objective: to study the behavior of the AIDS epidemic in the state of Ceara, located in the northeastern region of Brazil , in the period of 1983 to 1995. Methods: Cases reported by the Epidemiologic Surveillance System of the Ceara State Health Office were analyzed through the SINAM software, developed by the Ministry
Prevalence of anti-HIV-1 and risk factors for HIV infection in patients and health care workers of a hospital in a poor quarter in Bogota, Colombia, detected in serum & saliva.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:130 (abstract no. Mo.C.1430); Angerer R, Ramirez G, Dathe O, Frosner G; Max-von-Pettenkofer-Institut, University of Munich, Augsburg, Germany. Fax: 0821-61539.; Objective: 398 patients (264 m; 134 f) and 95 health care workers (HCWs) were investigated to obtain information on prevalence and risk factors for HIV infection in the general population of a poor quarter in the capital of Colombia . As often as possible, both saliva and serum samples were taken to get more informatio
Similar HIV and HTLV-1 incidence rates among STD clinic attenders in Kingston, Jamaica.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:130 (abstract no. Mo.C.1431); Figueroa JP, Ward E, Morris J, Brathwaite AR, Peruga A, Blattner W, Vermund SH, Hayes R; Ministry of Health, Kingston, Jamaica, W.I. Fax: 809-926-5674.; Objective: To compare the incidence of HIV and HTLV-I infections and to identify risk factors for incident infection among STD clinic attenders in Kingston, Jamaica . Methods: Of 970 heterosexual STD clinic patients enrolled in January 1991, 710 (73%, 333 men and 377 women) were re-examined between January 1992 and Jul
STD's and HIV prevalence in female sex workers (FSW) in Mexico City.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:130 (abstract no. Mo.C.1432); Cruz C, Hernandez-Tepichin G, Silva A, Uribe ZP, Teran X, del Rio CH; CONASIDA (National AIDS Council), Mexico City, Mexico. Fax: (525) 528-4220.; Objective; To determine STD and HIV prevalence among FSW and determine the more frequent associations and risk factors. Methods: Prospective study among 1,389 FSW seen at an HIV/STD clinic in Mexico City between July and Dec 1995. A questionnaire with demographic data, sexual practices and other high risk behavior as w
Hepatitis B markers in men having high risk sexual practices in Mexico City.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:130 (abstract no. Mo.C.1433); Juarez-Figueroa L, Uribe F, Conde C, Del Rio C, Hernandez M; National Institute for Public Health, Mexico. Fax: (5273) 175485.; Objective: To estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers, s antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies for c antigen (anti-HBc) in men with high risk sexual practices. Methods: Between January, 1992 and February, 1993, we interviewed and obtained a blood sample from 1378 men
Trends in the AIDS epidemic in Mexican women.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:130 (abstract no. Mo.C.1434); Vandale S, Rico B, Magis C; Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica (National Public Health Institute), Ahuacatitlan Cuernavaca, Mor. Mexico.; Objective: To describe the trends in female AIDS cases in Mexico according to exposure categories, age groups, and geographical regions. Methods: We used notified cases reported in the government AIDS bulletin for the period from 1988 to 1995; the data base of the National AIDS Surveillance System; census data for 1990
Prevalence of HIV, HBV and syphilis in a rural Mexican population.: Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:131 (abstract no. Mo.C.1435); Vicente HE, Murillo G, Mismas G, Hernandez S, Snodgrass G; Corvin, Inc., Hamden, CT,