Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:3 (abstract no. 11101)
Lusso P, Polo S, Nardese V, Prosperini E, De Santis C, Rizzi M, Bolognesi M;;; P2/P3 Laboratories-Dibit-San Raffaele, Scientific Inst., Milano, Italy.
OBJECTIVES: To generate analogues of the HIV-suppressive C-C chemokine RANTES with reduced pro-inflammatory side-effects and enhanced antiviral activity for potential therapeutic use in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: The human RANTES cDNA was cloned from PHA-activated PBMC by PCR using primers that amplify the entire
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:3 (abstract no. 11104)
Arya S, Owais M, Davis-Warren A;;; National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institutes, Bethesda, MD, USA.
HIV has expropriated chemokine receptors to gain entry into the host cell, with M- and T-tropic viruses respectively using CCR5 and CXCR4 as co-receptors. This also subjects the virus to suppression by the natural ligand of these receptors. Indeed, C-C or beta and C-X-C or alpha chemokines inhibit HIV infection, presum
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:4 (abstract no. 11108)
Kemeny B, Nagy K, Horuath A;;; Natl Inst of Derm-Vener, Budapest, Hungary.
OBJECTIVES: CCR5 is a chemokine receptor and also serves as co-receptor for non-syncitia inducing, macrophage-tropic strains of HIV. It had been shown that a 32 base-pair deletion in the gene results in a severely truncated protein and leads to a partial resistance in HIV infection. As the majority of the sexually tran
BACKGROUND: It has been shown that chemokine receptors, CXCR4 and CCR5, serve as the major coreceptors for T- and macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) isolate, respectively, and the natural ligands for CCR5, including MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta-, and RANTES, block macrophage-tropic but not T-tropic HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:4 (abstract no. 11111)
Dejucq N, Simmonds G, Hibbitts S, Clapham P;;; Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
BACKGROUND: Non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) CCR5-using strains usually infect macrophages but not T cell lines. A variant of JR-CSF (called C3) selected for replication in the CD4+ T-cell lines Molt4 and SupT1 differed by a single amino-acid change in the V1 loop of gp 120 (Boyd et al., 1993). The aim of this study was th
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:4-5 (abstract no. 11112)
Naif H, Alali M, Li S, French R, Stewart G, Cunningham A;;; Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the mechanism of infection of an HIV+ve person homozygous for CCR5 delta 32 and identification of co-receptors other than CCR5 that are used by isolated viruses. METHODS: The patient was repeatidly positive for HIV antibody by ELISA and western blot. Homozygosity for CCR5 delta 32 muta
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:5 (abstract no. 11113)
Sato H, Kato KK, Kodaka NK, Takebe YT;;; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: HIV-1 subtype E has phylogenetically distinct class of envelope sequence from HIV-1 subtype B, showing about 60% identity in amino acids of envelope V3 loop. We examined whether the subtype E V3 loop has a capacity to specify coreceptor use and MT2 tropism of virus in context of subtype B background. METHODS
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:5 (abstract no. 11114)
Callebaut C, Blanco J, Krust B, Seddiki N, Muller S, Briand JP, Hovanessian AG;;; Institut Pasteur, Unite V.I.C., Paris, France.
OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the distinct role of the V3 loop of gp120 in the binding of HIV particles to permissive CD4 positive cells. BACKGROUND: Neutralizing mAbs against the V3 loop, block the binding of HIV virions to permissive cells without affecting the potential capacity of gp120 to interact with CD4 (J. Virol.
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:5 (abstract no. 11115)
Wang WK, Dudek T, Zhao YJ, Brumblay HG, Essex M, Lee TH;;; Harvard School of Health, Boston, MA, USA.
BACKGROUND: Several seven-transmembrane chemokine receptors were recently found to double as a coreceptor for a genetically diverse family of human and non-human primate lentiviruses. Paradoxically, the main region believed to be involved in coreceptor utilization was mapped to the hypervariable region 3, or V3, of gp1
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:5 (abstract no. 11116)
Naif H, Li S, Alali M, Wasr N, Cunningham A;;; Centre for Virus Research Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the tropism and replication characteristics of HIV-1 isolates derived from different tissues (brain, CSF, lung, and spleen) in human monocytes and in vitro cultured monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Differential tropism and level of replication of these isolates was analysed in association
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:6 (abstract no. 11117)
Murakami T, Yamamoto N, Murakami T, Nakajima T, Waki M, Tamamura H, Fujii N;;; Depart. of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether anti-HIV peptide T22 specifically inhibits T cell line-tropic (T-tropic) HIV-1 infection mediated by its coreceptor CXCR4. METHODS: We examined the effect of T22 on HIV-1 infection mediated by CD4- and coreceptor-expressing U87MG and HOS cells. Cell fusion assay was performed by cocul
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:6 (abstract no. 11118)
Trujillo JR, Meek B, Brain JD;;; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
BACKGROUND: Infection of CD4+ T lymphoyctes by HIV-1 requires the presence of CD4 surface receptor. The specific domains on both gp120 and CD4 that are involved in this envelope-receptor interaction have been well defined. However, HIV-1 infects some cells that do not express CD4, including glial and colonic epithelial
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:6 (abstract no. 11119)
Dolei A, Biolchini A, Serra C, Curreli S, Gomes E, Ziccmeddu M, Dianzi F, Dolei A;;; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, Univ. Sassari, Italy.
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: It has been reported that beta-chemokines interfere in T lymphoid cells with the replication of monocytotropic (M-tropic) HIV-1 strains, but not with that of T-tropic strains, through their occupancy of the CCR5 receptor, used by M-tropic strains as co-receptor, and consequent perturbation of the
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:6 (abstract no. 11120)
Schwartz DH, Iyengar S, Hildreth JE, Mitchell JB;;; MMI, Johns Hopkins School Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
BACKGROUND: CD4 independent cultured HIV isolates have been described. Given the mutability of HIV-1 envelope, why do almost all isolates retain a requirement for dual receptor binding? Do similar requirements apply to gp120 induced chemotaxis? OBJECTIVES: To understand envelope-receptor interactions of HIV infection a
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:6 (abstract no. 11121)
Chen SL, Lee SF, Hao HJ, Lauang LK;;; Institute of Biomedical Science, Taipei, Taiwan.
OBJECTIVES: We have previously shown that a proline substitution for the conserved leucine or isoleucine residues located in the leucine zipper-like heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41, whose feature is also conserved among a number of other viruses, renders viruses noninfectious and the envelope (Env) protein unable
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:7 (abstract no. 11122)
Williamson C, Brice B, Smit T, Thomas R, Louie L, Quillent C, van der Ryst E;;; SAIMR Virology, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
OBJECTIVES: Resistance to HIV infection has been associated two CCR5 gene alterations, CCR5-delta 32 deletion and m303 mutation (Quillent et al., Lancet 1998, 351, 14-18), both of which render the protein non-functional. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the CCR-5 delta 32 deletion and m303 mutat
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:7 (abstract no. 11123)
Silva MC, Rossini MA, Sabino EC;;; Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of 32pb deletion (delta 32 CCR5) in the beta-Chemokines receptors sequence in blood donnors in Sao Paulo city/ Brazil . DESIGN: Prevalence Study. METHODS: Amplification by PCR with primers that flank the coding region for the 32pb mutation in beta-Chemokines receptors CCR5 (delt
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:7 (abstract no. 11125)
Wainberg MA, Quan Y;;; McGill AIDS Center, Montreal, Canada.
OBJECTIVES: To compare various form of wild-type (wt) and mutated recombinant reverse transcriptase (RT) molecules, containing drug-resistance-conferring mutations, in regard to pausing, processivity, and dissociation from an RNA template/primer. METHODS: The substitution of a glycine for glutamic acid at position 89 i
OBJECTIVES: To detect and characterize intracellular mechanisms which are able to inactivate integrated HIV genomes. METHODS: A human T-cell line CEM-CM3 (CBH) stably transfected with a single copy of an HIV construct was used. Instead of gag/pol genes the construct carries a marker gene (HPRT) for selection in HAT med
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:8 (abstract no. 11128)
Moja P, Cheynet V, Bourlet T, Mallet F, Lucht F, Pozzetto B, Genin C;;; Gimap University of St.-Etienene, France.
BACKGROUND: This study was performed to estimate the changes in levels of antibodies to reverse transcriptase during the course of HIV-1 infection. METHODS: Sera from 89 HIV+ patients classified into 3 groups according to CD4+ cells counts, were analysed. Group 1: 30 patients with a CD4+ cells count higher than 500/mm3
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:8 (abstract no. 11129)
Karamov EV, Yudin AN, Evgen'ev MB, Abelian AV, Kornelayeva GV, Kozlova AV, Ulmasov KhA;;; Ivanovski Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia.
OBJECTIVES: To study participation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in HIV-cell intimate relationships. METHODS: H9 lymphoblastoid cell line, infected with HIV-1 HTLV-IIIRF NIH 1983. Western blot with monoclonal antibodies against different families of human HSPs. Heat shock induction (heat treatment at 41.5 degrees C for
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:523 (abstract no. 111/31142)
Leandersson AC, Bratt G, Fredriksson M, Hinkula J, Sandstrom E, Wahren B;;; Smittskydds Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
BACKGROUND: In patients with HIV-infection there is an early loss and reduction in function of the CD4+ cells. Highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) gives a reduction in viral load and increasing CD4 values in many patients. Few studies have been performed to determine the function of these new CD4+ cells. The
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:8-9 (abstract no. 11132)
Potash MJ, Krachmarov C, Bentsman G, Volsky DJ;;; St Lukes-Roosevelt/Columbia University, New York, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the requirement for mature HIV-1 for cell-cell virus transmission. METHODS: HIV-1 chronically infected cells were cultured in the presence or absence of the viral protease (PR) inhibitor, Ro 31-8959 ( saquinavir ), and transmission of HIV-1 by cell-free virus and by co-cultivation with uninfected
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:9 (abstract no. 11133)
Donovan RM, Friedman DA, Caceres HJ, Baxa DM, Bush CE, Markowitz NP;;; Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
BACKGROUND: Protease inhibitors (PIs) act as competitive inhibitors of the HIV viral protease. The objective of this study was to compare virucidal versus virustatic properties of the currently used PIs by examining the ability of immature HIV virions to mature, and the stability of RNA in immature virions. METHODS: He
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:9 (abstract no. 11134)
Wang CT;;;
OBJECTIVES: To identify a minimum HIV-1 gag coding sequence capable of particle assembly and release from mammalian cells. METHODS: We constructed a series of C-terminally truncated HIV gag mutants and mutants derived from combination of the C-terminal truncation mutants and a MA deletion (delta MA) mutant. The abiliti
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:9 (abstract no. 11135)
Cartier C, Sivard P, Tranchat C, Desgranges C, Boyer V;;; INSERM, Unite 271, Lyon, France.
BACKGROUND: Our previous study showed that two cellular protein kinases are incorporated into HIV-1 virions. One of those protein kinases is the ERK2 Mitogen-Activated protein kinase. We also detected the phosphorylation of the p24 capsid protein in the viral particles. OBJECTIVES: To study the role of p24 phosphorylat
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:9 (abstract no. 11136)
Saman E, Ottevaere I, Vanden Haesevelde M, Cornelissen M, Devos K;;; Innogenetics, Gent, Belgium.
OBJECTIVE: Expression of the HIV-1 gag gene in a Baculovirus insect system to generate particles which resemble the native viral core structure. Physical and immunochemical characterization of these structures. METHODS: The gag gene of the HIV-1 isolate Ant166 was introduced in the baculovirus expression vector pAcUW51
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:9 (abstract no. 11137)
Takahashi I, Takama M, Ushijima K, Nonomura Y, Hoshino H;;; Lab. EM. Teikyo Univ. Sch. Med., Japan.
OBJECTIVES: To clarify the role of cytoskeleton of HIV-infected cells that would play an important part to transport viral structural proteins during viral producing processes. METHODS: Lymphocyte strains (Molt-4/HTLV-III B, TALL-1/KB-1) and monocyte strains (U937/HTLV-III B) were used and fixed for the immuno-electron
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:10 (abstract no. 11138)
Wang JJ, Chiou CT, Chiang PH, Hortor B, Ratner L;;; Inst Biol & Anat, Natl Def Med Ctr, Taipei, ROC.
OBJECTIVES: To identify the components and localizations of viral proteins during HIV-1 assembly. DESIGN: Transfection of Gag protein p55G1 alone can form virion particles. Different constructs of Gag/Pol proteins were designed and expressed in human T cell lines. Intracellular trafficking of the components of virion p
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:10 (abstract no. 11140)
Rhodes D, Ashton L, Solomon A, Carr A, Cooper D, Kaldor J, Deacon N;;; Macfalane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield, Vic., Australia.
BACKGROUND: The lack of disease progression in a small number of people infected with HIV-1 has been attributed to defects in the nef/LTR region of several HIV strains. We assembled a group of 69 long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) to ascertain the frequency at which nef/LTR deletions occur in LTNPs and to screen for the
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:10 (abstract no. 11141)
Zhao Y, Elder RT, Yu M, Chen MZ;;; North Western Univ. Med. School, Chicago, IL, USA.
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 Vpr plays an important role in pathogenesis as it activates viral replication and is involved in the depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Expression of the HIV-1 vpr gene induces cell cycle G2 arrest and cell death in both human and fission yeast cells. The target for Vpr-induced cell cycle G2 arrest is t
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:10 (abstract no. 11142)
Iwakura Y, Maiyao T;;; Institute of Medical, Tokyo Minatoku Shirokanede, Japan.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the role of a HIV-1 accessory protein, Vpr, on viral replication in vivo and AIDS pathogenesis, we generated transgenic mice carrying the vpr gene. METHODS: We produced transgenic mice expressing HIV-1 (NL4-3-2 strain) vpr under the control of the mouse CD4 promoter/enhancer. To examine whether V
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:10-1 (abstract no. 11143)
Rhodes D, Solomon A, Deacon N;;; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield, Vic., Australia.
BACKGROUND: The Sydney Bloodbank Cohort (SBBC) is a unique collection of individuals infected with an attenuated HIV-1 virus from a common donor. Molecular characterisation of viruses from one recipient, C98, shows the loss of sequence from the nef/LTR region over time indicating continued evolution of the cohort virus
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:11 (abstract no. 11145)
Collette Y, Zauli G, Gibellini D, Secchiero P, Dutartre H, Olive D, Capitani S;;; University of Ferrara, Italy.
BACKGROUND: Many viruses have evolved genes encoding proteins which regulate cell death by apoptosis. The Nef protein from primate lentiviruses alters T cell development and signaling and provides a signal required for optimal viral replication and pathogenecity in vivo, possibly through interaction with cellular kinas
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:11 (abstract no. 11146)
Klein A, Kupfer B, Brackmann HH, Rockstroh JK, Kasper P, Matz B, Kaiser R;;; Institut F. Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Bonn, Germany.
BACKGROUND: In 1989/90 eight hemophilia B patients were clonally infected with HIV-1 from one lot of clotting factor concentrate. The evolution of these initially unique viral strains was observed and followed-up by analyses of several viral sequences (env-V3 and V1/2, vif, and gap-p17). OBJECTIVES: The divergent cours
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:11 (abstract no. 11147)
Saksena N, Wang B, Joswiak R;;; Retroviral Genetics Lab, Westmead Hospital WIHR CVR, NSW, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: 1. To study the role of defects in the Vpr gene in long-term non-progression of HIV disease 2. To determine the role of repair of defects and the positive selection of the Vpr gene in HIV disease progression DESIGN: Long-term non-progression of HIV disease was studied for the Vpr gene evolution and repair d
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:11-2 (abstract no. 11148)
Soler Claudin C, Gomez Roman VR, Basualdo Sigales MC;;; Unidad De Investigacion En Retrovirus H, Facultad de Quimica, SSA, Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the variability of the HIV-1 Long Terminal Repeat s (LTR) derived from 17 patients at different stages of HIV-1 infection. METHODS: Nested-PCR primers were designed to amplify fragments of the HIV-1 LTR from peripheral blood samples donated by 17 patients. LTR amplicons were purified and cloned in
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:12 (abstract no. 11149)
Zverev V, Matsevich GR, Ryzhov KA, Borzykh OA, Sukhanova LL, Grinev AA, Goltsov VA;;; Institute of Viral Preparations, Moscow, Russia.
OBJECTIVES: To study Nef gene product role in CD4 receptor degradation and HIV infection clinical manifestation. METHODS: PCR, RT-PCR, electrophoresis, ELISA , immunoblot, restriction analysis. RESULTS: While defining the primary structure of HIV-1 specific RNA and DNA of HIV infected of different infection stages by P
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:13 (abstract no. 11155)
Kaufmann GR, Cunningham P, Vizzard J, Carr A, Cooper DA;;; Center for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hosp, Sydney, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: The application of HAART in primary HIV-1 infection may prevent extensive HIV-1 replication and the subsequent spread of viral particles into all body compartments. We analyzed the influence of an early HAART on viral dynamics in patients with primary HIV-1 infection. METHODS: Decay rates of viral load, est
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:13 (abstract no. 11156)
De Wolf F, Weverling GJ, Lukashov VV, Prins G, Jurriaans S, Goudsmit J, Lange JM;;; Dept. of Human Retrovirology, AMC, Univ. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BACKGROUND: 3-drug regimens with 2 nucleoside analogue HIV-RT inhibitors and 1 protease inhibitor has rapidly become standard of care for the treatment of HIV-infection. However, it is unlikely that this combination treatment exerts enough drug pressure on every single infected cell and thus may be limited in its anti-
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:13-4 (abstract no. 11157)
de Ronde A, Bouwhuis D, de Rooy ER, Maas G, de Boer R, Goudsmit G;;; Dept. of Human Retrovirology, AMC, Univ. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: Study of evolutio of zidovudine-resistant HIV-1 in a newly infected patient after virus transmission from a zidovudine treated patient in 1993. The recipient was not treated with zidovudine during the study period. BACKGROUND: Long-term fitness of reverse tranciptase (RT) has been adjusted to an intra-host e
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the ongoing viral replication in PBMCs (measure of the differences in the relative abundance of HIV-1 regulatory and structural mRNAs) of 30 patients at different stages of the infection and the proviral sequence variability. METHODS: We describe a cross sectional study of m
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:14 (abstract no. 11159)
Miller GG, Kushch AA, Glukhowa LA, Klimova RR, Titova IV, Pokidicheva LN;;; Inst of Virology, Moskow, Russia.
OBJECTIVES: The persistently infected T-lymphoblastoid cell lines are the manageable experimental models for in vitro studying molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the occurence and development of the persistent form of HIV infection and pave the way to controlling the foci of persistent HIV infection in peopl
OBJECTIVES: To study some events conserning of HIV-1 and HBV interaction in in vivo mixed infection. METHODS: The blood samples of HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis B were tested for HIV-1 proviral DNA level in PBMCs, HBV DNA level in plasma using a quantitative PCR, HIV-1 antigen p24 level in plasma by
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:14 (abstract no. 11161)
St Louis D, Gotte D, Sanders-Buell E, Salminen MO, Carr JK, McCutchan FE;;; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD, USA.
BACKGROUND: The direct involvement of recombination in the generation of HIV-1 diversity has emerged from analysis of viruses from multiple geographic locales. The formation of RNA dimers within the virion is essential for the high level of recombination exhibited by Retroviruses. Sequences responsible for in vitro HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:14 (abstract no. 11162)
Wang B, Lal RB, Dwyer DE, Cunningham AL, Saksena NK;;; Retroviral Genetics Lab CVR, WIHR, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the biology and molecular viral strains (recombinant and non-recombinant) from HIV-1 co-infected and multiply exposed individual. DESIGN: Systematic study of viral sequences of different infecting strains, their replication kinetics on different cell types, and coreceptor usage by different strai
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:15 (abstract no. 11164)
Zolla-Pazner S, Gorny MK, Williams C, Nyambi PN, Vancott TC, Nadas A;;; V.A. Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, USA.
BACKGROUND: Vaccine development would be facilitated by identifying shared antigens of the HIV-1 envelope that induce protective immune responses, and by identifying immunologically defined subgroups of HIV-1 ( immunotypes ) which could be included in a polyvalent vaccine that would induce broad immunity. As a model fo
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:15 (abstract no. 11165)
Saksena N, Ge YC, Hira S, Gharpure H, Bolton W;;; Retroviral Genetics Lab WIHR CVR, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: To molecularly and phylogenetically analyze HIV-1 strains from HIV-1 + HIV-2 coinfected individuals in India . DESIGN: Molecular study of HIV-1 and HIV-2 coinfections in India. Apart from Thailand , India is the second country hardest hit by HIV epidemic, and is also unique in showing an efficien
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:16 (abstract no. 11168)
Sabino EC, Saez-Alquezar A, Barreto CC;;; Fundacao Pro-Sangue/HSP, Brazil.
BACKGROUND: Since 1989, RT inhibitors have been provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health to HIV-infected patients. Because monotherapy was predominantly used in the first years of the program, one should expect selection for RT-inhibitors resistant mutations. Hence, it is important to monitor the frequency of these
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:16 (abstract no. 11169)
Philpott S, Fang G, Chappey C, Anastos K, Tsoukos C, Burger H, Weiser B;;; Wadsworth Center, NYS Dept of Health, Albany 12208, USA.
BACKGROUND: To understand viral pathogenesis, vaccine design, and heterosexual and mother-to-child transmission we studied HIV-1 in the genital tract of women. Because HIV-1 RNA represents replicating virus, we developed a technique based on reverse transcription and long PCR to clone full-length HIV-1 RNA genomes from
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:16 (abstract no. 11171)
Gurtler L, Zekeng L, Eberle J, Brunn AV, Kaptue L;;; Pettenkofer Institut, University of Munchen, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: To further characterize the diversity of HIV-1 group O strains and to build up their evolutionary tree compared to group M sequences. METHODS: Group O infected patients in Cameroun were identified by a screening algorithm with a HIV-1 + 2 + O Elisa on the first level, and an anti-HIV-1 competitive and gp41-O
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:16-7 (abstract no. 11172)
Santiago ML, Hafalla JC, Santiago EG, Manalo MA, Martin C, Cajimat MN, De Groot AS;;; Research Inst. for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Manila, Philippines.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antigenic and sequence diversity of the V3 loop region in viral isolates in the Philippines . DESIGN: Antisera from 44 HIV+ individuals in the Philippines were subjected to an enzymeimmunoassay (PEIA) using the MN (KRIHIGGPGRAFYTTK) and consensus E (TSITIGPGRVFYRTG) peptides then correlate
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:17 (abstract no. 11173)
Marsac D, Chaix ML, Letournevr F, Gomas E, Burgard M, Saragosti S, Rouzioux C;;; Laboratoire de Virologie, Hospital Necker, Paris, France.
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between disease outcome in perinatally infected infants and evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype A variants. PATIENTS: The samples were obtained from six transmitting african mothers and from their infected children selected from the French National Pediatric Coh
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:17 (abstract no. 11174)
Janssens W, Nkengasong J, Heyndrickx L, Vereecken K, Coppens S, Willems B, Van der Groen G;;; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
OBJECTIVE: To determine over a ten year period the nucleotide sequence diversity within an individual infected with HIV-1 ANT70, and to verify the association with plasma viral load, CD4+ T cell counts, and syncytia induction on MT2 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: RT-PCR, cloning, sequencing, genetic and phylogenetic ana
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:17 (abstract no. 11175)
Fay F, Campodonico M, Del Pino N, Gonzales E, Taborda M, Fay O;;; CTSP National University Rosario, Argentina.
OBJECTIVES: To compare two commercial methods for HIV-1 viral load quantification and to correlate the differences with the viral subtypes present in the sample population. DESIGN: Prospective, blind study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood EDTA samples were obtained from 67 HIV-1 infected patients. Plasma HIV-1 viral load
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:17 (abstract no. 11176)
Smith TL, Van Rensburg EJ, Engelbrecht S;;; University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine the neutralization of South African HIV-1 subtypes B, C, and D using sera obtained from HIV-1-infected individuals. METHODS: Thirty-two sera from 25 patients were tested for their ability to neutralize HIVIIIB and 4 isolates representing subtypes B, C, D and a reco
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:17-8 (abstract no. 11177)
Salminen MO, Laukkanen T, Janssen W, Albert J, Leinikki PO, Carr J, McCutchan FE;;; Nat'l. Publ. Inst. HIV-Labotory, Helsinki, Finland.
BACKGROUND: Multiple genetic subtypes of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) have been found among internationally collected strains. Subtypes A through J comprise the prevalent, main (M) group and a small proportion of strains are group O (outlier). The recent identification of inter-subtype recombinants,
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:18 (abstract no. 11178)
Nyanbi PN, Gorny MK, Bastiani L, Williams C, Zolla-Pazner S;;; New York University Medical Center, V.A. Hospital, New York 10010, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the ability of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to bind to intact HIV-1 virions of different clades in a newly developed virus-binding assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen human mAbs derived from HIV-1-infected persons were used, including five to the V3 loop, three to the CD4 binding domain (CD4b
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:18 (abstract no. 11180)
Vasquez-Valls E, De Quevedo JJ, Lopez-Marquez FC, Escoto-Delgadillo M, Campos-Lopez PI;;; Instituto Mexican Del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico.
OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between the HIV-1 subtype B, sexual preferences and routes of transmission. METHODS: Clinical histories and blood samples were obtained from 308 HIV seropositives, 194 men and 114 women, they were classified in order to their sexual preference and route of HIV transmission.
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:18 (abstract no. 11181)
McCutchan FE, Birx DL;;; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
BACKGROUND: The identification of globally prevalent HIV-1 strains is an important element of HIV-1 diagnosis, therapy and prevention. The pandemic is composed of multiple subtypes and a variety of inter-subtype recombinant forms that are not easily distinguished by partial genome sequencing. An increasing proportion o
OBJECTIVE: To describe the distribution of genetic subtypes of HIV-1 strains in different regions of Cote d Ivoire . METHODS: Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from HIV-1-seropositive TB patients in all the TB outpatient clinics in the interior of Cote d Ivoire including Abengourou (n =
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:19 (abstract no. 11183)
Diaz RS, Zanotto P, Mayer AJ, Busch MP, Holmes E;;; Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
BACKGROUND: Two distinct viral populations from unrelated blood donors (D1 and D2) were transfused into a single infant (DR) and shown to undergo dual infection as we previously described. Red cells from the 2 infected donors also each singly infected two other infant recipients (R1, R2). Here, we continue the analysis
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the molecular characteristic of HIV-1 subtype E involved in vertical transmission, especially the genetic diversity of V3 sequences of proviral DNA in mother-infant pairs. METHODS: Blood specimens were collected from 17 HIV-1 mother-infant pairs during 1994-1995. The first blood collections were
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:19 (abstract no. 11185)
Ibanez A, Martinez MA, Puig T, Bonjoch A, Ruiz L;;; Fundacio Irsi-Caixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
BACKGROUND: To assess whether protease genomic fluctuations after indinavir therapy modify the env distribution of variants, we analysed the viral sequence evolution of the C2-V3 env and protease genes within four infected patients. METHODS: Viral RNA from plasma samples obtained at the beginning of treatment and after
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:19 (abstract no. 11186)
Carr JK, Salminen MO, Albert J, Birx D, McCutchan FE;;; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD, USA.
BACKGROUND: The genetic diversity of HIV-1 in Africa has been studied in detail with partial sequencing of the genome. Subtype A, probably the most abundant subtype in Africa, has recombined extensively with other subtypes and is difficult to understand using partial sequencing. It is now more feasible to do full-lengt
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:20 (abstract no. 11188)
Songok EM, Ichimura H, Tukei PM, Kakimoto K, Orege P, Sakagami N, Kurimura T;;; Virus Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the HIV-1 subtypes in various risk groups and different locations in Kenya . DESIGN: Cross sectional molecular epidemiological study. METHODS: Blood samples were collected in Western Kenya (Kisumu) and Nairobi from antenatal clinic attendees (368), patients with STDs (326), HIV+ children born to
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:20 (abstract no. 11189)
Brennan C, Hackett J, Vallari A, Zekeng L, Gurtler L, Kaptue L, Devare SG;;; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago IL 60064, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the HIV genetic subtypes present in Cameroon and to evaluate viral sequence variation. METHODS: Plasma was collected from asymptomatic blood donors in Yaounde and Douala, Cameroon and screened for HIV infection using a variety of serologic assays. Total nucleic acid was extracted from the serop
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:20 (abstract no. 11190)
Meyerhans A, Kils-Huetten L, Plikat U;;; Dept. Virology, University Freiburg, Germany.
OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the driving forces of HIV-1 evolution in vivo. DESIGN: Longitudinal and cross-sectional comparison of virological and immunological parameters of the index patients with other infected persons and uninfected individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intra- and interpatient HIV-1 sequences coding for
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:20 (abstract no. 11191)
Heyndrickx L, Jassens W, Vereecken K, Coppens S, Fransen K, Ndumbe P, Van der Groen G;;; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
OBJECTIVE: Study of the prevalence and variability of HIV-1 strains circulating in the general population or belonging to different risk groups, in different regions of Cameroon in 1996 and 1997. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period November 1996-April 1997 Cameroonian serum samples were collected in 8 different geogra
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:20-1 (abstract no. 11192)
Morgado M, Guimaraes ML, Neves Junior I, Campos-Mello DL, Grinsztejn B, Linhares-de-Carvalho MI, Bongertz V;;; IOC, FIOCRUZ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
OBJECTIVES: To survey HIV diversity in Brazil and try to evaluate the potential implications of HIV-1 infection with non-B subtypes in the immunological, clinical and virological correlates to progression. METHODOLOGY: HIV-1 infected individuals were recruited from January 1993 to December 1996 from several cohorts in
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:21 (abstract no. 11193)
Murphy G, Belda FJ, Clewely JP, Parry JV;;; Central Public Health Laboratory, London, UK.
BACKGROUND: Assignation of HIV-1 samples to specific subtypes is important for diagnosis, disease monitoring, treatment and vaccine development. OBJECTIVE: To correlate subtype specific serotyping and genotyping, and investigate discordant results. METHOD: We compared the ability of a peptide-based serotyping assay to
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:21 (abstract no. 11194)
Ray S, Lole KS, Paranjape RS, Kulkarni S, Gadkari D, Sheppard H, Bollinger RC;;; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
BACKGROUND: The development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine is likely to depend on knowledge of circulating variants of genes other than the commonly-sequenced gag and env. In addition, full-genome data are particularly limited for HIV-1 subtype C, currently the most commonly transmitted subtype in
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:21 (abstract no. 11195)
Hackett J Jr, Brennan CA, Yamaguchi J, Lund JK, Gurtler L, Zekeng L, Devare SG;;; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
OBJECTIVE: HIV-1 isolates have been classified into two major phylogenetic groups designated M and O. The extent of genetic divergence between HIV-1 group M and group O isolates has raised concerns related to the sensitivity of detection of group O infections. In the present study, we examine the degree of genetic vari
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:21 (abstract no. 11196)
Grinde B, Hungnes O, Jonassen TO;;; National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
OBJECTIVES: To analyse the epidemiological relationship in a case where the only risk factor reported was the sharing of shaving utensils. BACKGROUND: The presumed male index case had visited Africa previous to a stay for some months in Norway . Samples from him was not available, but we obtained samples from two short
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:21 (abstract no. 11197)
Lukashov V, Goudsmit J;;; University of Amsterdam, Dept. of Human Retrovirology, The Netherlands.
Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the considerable genetic variation within each HIV-1 subtype is a result of an intrasubtype diversification of a more recent date than the separation of HIV-1 subtype lineages. Two issues concerning the history of HIV-1 subtypes are still unresolved: (i) when did lineages of HIV-1 s
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:22 (abstract no. 11198)
Soler Claudin C, Carmen J, Rosales G;;; Unidad de Investigacion En Retrovirus Fac. Quimica Unam/Indre SSA, Tomas, Mexico.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the results of genetic subtyping of HIV by the env heteroduplex mobility assay (envHMA) and by gagPCR-FLP. METHODS: DNA isolated from HIV-infected individuals PBMC s was used to amplify the gag and env regions. For envHMA, the Heteroduplex, Mobility Analysis version 2 kit, donated by the NIH Refe
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:22 (abstract no. 11199)
Diaz RS, Zanotto P, Mayer A, Busch MP, Holmes E;;; Dipa, EPM, Unifesp, R Botucata, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
BACKGROUND: Before blood donations were routinely screened for HIV, two distinct viral populations from unrelated blood donors (D1, D2) infected a multiply-transfused newborn infant (DR). This dual infection resulted in re-combination between the two infecting viral strains (J Virol 1995; 69: 3273). Here, we continue t
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:22 (abstract no. 11200)
Rabinovich R, Marquina S, Gutson D, Libonatti O;;; University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
OBJECTIVE: To study possible restrictions of preferential mutations imposed by overlapping open reading frames and the conservation of HIV-1 RNA secondary structure stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All possible G-->A and A-->G substitutions were simulated one at each time on nucleotide sequence of the env gen of HIVMN
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:22 (abstract no. 11201)
Choe KW, Oh MD, Kim JW, Shin DH, Park SW, Shin HS, Park KH;;; Dept. Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea.
BACKGROUND: To determine the subtypes of HIV-1 in Korean patients with advanced AIDS, we analyzed the nucleotide sequences of HIV proviral DNA and constructed a phylogenetic tree. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from 19 patients with AIDS who were referred from all over the country. D
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:22 (abstract no. 11202)
Loureiro R, Casseb JS, Bongertz V, Asquidanini S, Bet E, Silveira VL, Dias CS;;; Sao Paulo State University, Brazil.
BACKGROUND: Brazil is the largest country in the South America and reports the majority of AIDS cases reported in the region (116389-1980 to 08/30/1997). Rio Grande do Sul is the southeast state in Brazil and has the third number of AIDS cases and the most prevalence of HIV/AIDS among women of all Country. The large la
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:22-3 (abstract no. 11203)
el Aquad R, el Harti E, Amzazi S, Himmich H, Gluckman JC, Simon F, Benjouad A;;; Institut National D'Hygiene, IBN Batouta B.P. 769 Rabat, Morocco.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the HIV1 subtypes circulating in Morocco , which is located between Western Europe countries and South African countries where the patterns of HIV1 subtypes are different. METHODS: 200 sera HIV 1 positive of Moroccan patients living in representative geographic areas of Morocco, were studied
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:23 (abstract no. 11204)
Khanina T, Selimova LM, Serebrovskaya LV, Kravchenko AV, Pokrovsky VV;;; D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate Russian HIV-1 subtype B isolate with unusual V3 loop. METHODS: The patient RU0025 was a homosexual male living in Moscow. He was tested HIV-1-positive in December 1991. Owing to disease progression patient accepted AZT therapy continually from May 1992. In June 1995, periferal blood mononuc
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:23 (abstract no. 11206)
May J, Berry NJ, Ariyoshi K, Whittle H, Mttchell M, Balfe P, Loomis-Price L;;; Department of Virology, UCLMS, London, UK.
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological evidence suggests that progression to AIDS following infection with HIV-2 is slower than for HIV-1, however, atypical cases of relatively rapid progressing cases of HIV-2 infection have been observed in The Gambia . The nature of the humoral responses directed at the envelope glycoprotein of
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:23 (abstract no. 11207)
Soriano V, Machuca A, Gutierrez M, Aguilera A, Caballero E;;; Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the main characteristics of subjects with HIV-2 infection reported in Spain up to 31 December 1997, examining case report forms from the HIV-2 National Registry database. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The HIV-2 Spanish Study Group was founded in 1990, and includes participants from more than 30 diagnost
OBJECTIVES: HERV-K is a moderately repetitive endogenous Retrovirus family in the genomes of primates and humans. It codes for the Retrovirus-like particles HTDV detected in human teratocarcinoma cell lines. HTDV/HERV-K is related to D-type Retroviruses. However HERV-K expresses a protein-cORF-that has no counterpart i
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:24 (abstract no. 11209)
Gutierrez M, Machuca A, Soriano U, Tuset C, Merino F, Ortiz L;;; Service Microbiology, ISC-III, Madrid, Spain.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the main characteristics of subjects with HTLV-II infection reported in Spain up to 31 December 1997, examining case report forms from the HTLV National Registry database. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The HTLV Spanish Study Group was founded in 1991, and includes participants from 18 diagnostic centers
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:24 (abstract no. 11210)
Kestens L, Ondoa P, Vereecken K, McKnight A, Dittmar MT, Davis D, Heeney JL, Van der Groen G;;; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
OBJECTIVE: To follow-up the systemic immune activation in SIV cpz-ant infected chimpanzees in relation to co-receptor usage. DESIGN: Prospective controlled study. METHODS: Systemic immune activation has been studied longitudinally in a naturally infected (Ch-No) and an experimentally infected (Ch-Ni) chimpanzee for 10
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:24 (abstract no. 11211)
Nyambi P, Beirnaert E, Dayaraj C, Kengasong J, Zolla-Pazner S, Van der Groen G;;; VA Medical Center, New York, NY 1001-5050, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between syncytium induction in MT2 cells and coreceptor usage of primary HIV-1 isolates, and to determine their susceptibility to neutralization by homologous and heterologous polyclonal sera. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen HIV-1 isolates, 13 from group M (subtypes A-H) and three fro
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:260 (abstract no. 11/21107)
Philpott S, Burger H, Charbonneau T, Grimson R, Nachman S, Kovacs A, Weiser B;;; Wadsworth Center, NYS Dept of Health, Albany 12208, USA.
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have identified a human gene which plays a role in susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. The gene codes for CCR-5, the co-receptor for macrophage tropic strains of HIV-1, and a homozygous deletion in this gene confers a high degree of natural resistance to sexual and parenteral transmission of H
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:24 (abstract no. 11212)
Nagai Y, Ohgimoto S, Shioda T, Mori K, Nkayama EE, Hu H;;; Dept. of Viral Infection, Univ. of Tokyo, Japan.
OBJECTIVES: To know the role of each N-linked oligosaccharide in infectivity of SIVmac239. METHODS: Twenty-three mutant SIVmac239 constructs each lacking one of the 23 N-linked oligosaccharide chains in the gp120 envelope protein were generated according to the standard in vitro mutagenesis method. Mutant viruses were
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:24-5 (abstract no. 11213)
La Font B, Riviere Y, Gloeckler L, Beyer C, Hurtrel B, Kirn A, Aubertin AM;;; Unite Inserm 74-Institut de Virologie, Strasbough, France.
The inoculation of rhesus macaques with Simian immunodeficency Viruses (SIV) results in a persistent infection leading to an AIDS like disease. However several molecularly cloned SIV were reported to be highly attenuated. Among them SIVmacBK28 derived from the pathogenic SIVmac251 isolate can be used to identify virule
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:25 (abstract no. 11215)
Markham RB, Khanna KV, Whaley K, Zeitlin L, Ford D;;; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To develop an animal model of vaginal transmission of HIV-1 which can be used to study mechanisms of transmission and intervention strategies. METHODS: Using a SCID-Hu-PBL mouse model of HIV-1 infection, we studied hormonal status, the necessity for cell-associated virus, and viral phenotype as variables in
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:25 (abstract no. 11216)
Biberfeld P, Castanos-Velez E, Heiden T, Ekman M, Lawrence J, Tribukait B, Biberfeld G;;; Immunopathology Lab., Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
A simian analogue to human AIDS was induced in cynomolgus monkeys injected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm). Approximately 40% of the animals developed disseminated high grade malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma (sARL). Studies of 24 such lymphomas showed that all were extranodal, high grade malignant, of B-cell o
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:25 (abstract no. 11217)
Allan J, Broussard S, Leighton KL, Ahuja S, Staprans S, Feinberg M;;; SW Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To compare host and viral specific parameters in SIVagm infected African green monkeys and rhesus macaques for clues in understanding differences in their susceptibility to SIV pathogenesis. METHODS: Quantitative competitive RT-PCR was used to determine viral load in plasma and CSF of infected monkeys. In a
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:25-6 (abstract no. 11218)
Agy MB, Thompson J, Grant RF, Coon EM, Finn EE, Kennedy BJ, Morton WR;;; Univ. of WA Regional Primate Research Center, Seattle 98195, USA.
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND: To develop an acutely pathogenic SHIV isolate to be used as a macaque challenge virus in vaccine and drug efficacy studies and to gain insight into the host restrictions of the primate lentiviruses. The SHIV used in these studies was originally described by Li et al. (1992) and contains env, t
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:26 (abstract no. 11219)
Bernardin F, Beyer C, Gloeckler L, Gut JP, Einius S, Kirn A, Aubertin AM;;; Unite Inserm 74-Institute de Virologie, Strasbourg, France.
BACKGROUND: Chimeric lentiviruses (SHIV) composed of SIVmac239 (gag, pol, vif, vpr and vpx) and HIV (env, tat, rev and vpu) have become relevant to mimic HIV infection in non human primates. To validate this model, we characterized virological and immunological markers during infection of macaques. METHODS: Three Chine
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:26 (abstract no. 11220)
Lebel-Binay S, Vaslin B, Gigout L, Le Grand R, Fradelizi D, Dormont D;;; CEA Service de Neurovirologie DSV-DRM, Fontenay, AUX Roses, France.
BACKGROUND: Phenotypical and functional analysis of peripheral T lymphocytes from 10 macaques chronically infected with SIVmac251. METHODS: Ten cynomolgus macaques were inoculated i.v. with 4 AID50 of a pathogenic SIVmac251 isolate. A group of non-infected cynomolgus macaques in the same range of age and same origin wa
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:26 (abstract no. 11221)
Neildez O, Le Grand R, Caufour P, Cheret A, Matheux F, Vaslin B, Dormont D;;; CEA Service de Neurovirologie DSV/DRM, Fontenay AUX Roses, France.
OBJECTIVES: Viral populations recovered from sexually infected individuals are genotypically and phenotypically homogeneous during primary infection. They often represent minor variants from the related transmitters. However, it is uncleared whether this selection of transmitted viruses is due to a quasispecie compartm
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:26 (abstract no. 11222)
Cheret A, Le Grand B, Caufour P, Neildez O, Matheux F, Vaslin B, Dormont D;;; CEA Service De Neurovirologie DSV/DRM, Fontenay AUX Roses, France.
OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to determine whether there is a temporal sequence linking SIV replication and dissemination, the chemokine RANTES and chemokine receptor CCR5 expressions in different tissues during acute infection of macaques inoculated intravenously with a pathogenic primary isolate of SIVmac251. These express
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:26-7 (abstract no. 11223)
Fultz P;;; University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether IV or mucosal inoculation of chimpanzees with a mixture of subtype B and E HIV-1 strains results in persistent infection by both strains and whether one strain predominates. DESIGN: Equal infectious units of the HIV-1 subtype B strain LAI (IIIB) and subtype E strain 90CR402 (E402) were
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:27 (abstract no. 11224)
Gigout L, Lebel-Binay S, Vaslin B, Le Grand R, Dormont D;;; Service De Neurovirologie, DSV/DRM/IPSC, Fontenay AUX Roses, France.
BACKGROUND: We aimed to characterize the early immune responses in blood and lymph nodes after inoculation of cynomolgus macaques with a pathogenic virus. We have thus investigated proliferative responses, cytokine expression and T cell phenotyping. METHODS: Four cynomolgus macaques were inoculated i.v. with 4 AID50 of
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:27 (abstract no. 11225)
Caufour P, Le Grand R, Cheret A, Neildez O, Matheux F, Vaslin B, Dormont D;;; CEA Service De Neurovirologie DSV/DRM, Fontenay AUX Roses, France.
OBJECTIVES: We sought to analyse and characterize lymphocyte recruitment and chemokine secretion in mononuclear cells obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage (BALMCs) during the acute infection of macaques with an attenuated nef-deleted SIV or a full pathogenic SIVmac 251. METHODS: Two groups of cynomolgus macaques were i
Despite years of intense study the precise reasons for the demise of the immune system characteristic of HIV infection of humans and SIVmac infection of monkeys remains unknown. The viruses SIVagm and SIVsm, both of which have been shown to cause immunodeficiency in heterologous species, do not induce disease in their
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:27 (abstract no. 11227)
Ichimura H, Iida TI, Kuwata TK, Ui MU, Shimada TS, Imanashi JI, Hayami MH;;; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of apoptosis in AIDS development, we have longitudinally analyzed apoptosis of lymphocytes in SIVmac-infected macaques. Here we report the changes in apoptosis induction and Fas, antigen expression in lymphocytes in the SIVmac-infected macaques during the first 4 weeks post infection
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:27-8 (abstract no. 11228)
Shinohara K, Sakai K, Takahashi E, Nakasone T, Ami Y, Ando S, Someya K, Yoshimo N, Sasaki Y, Suzaki Y, Yichen L, Yamazaki S, Honda M;;; AIDS Research Center, NIID Tokyo, Japan.
There is no established pathogenic SHIV model in cynomolgus monkeys. We developed a SHIV-cynomolgus monkey model using a new chimeric SHIV-C2/1 virus. SHIV-C2/1, a chimeric SIVmac239 expressing env gene of a pathogenic HIV-1 isolate 89.6, was obtained after serial in vivo passages of SHIV-89.6 in rhesus monkeys and cyn
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:28 (abstract no. 11229)
Gichuki CW, Karanja SM, Ngure RM, Kamau DM, Otsyula MG;;; Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute, Kikuyu, Kenya.
During routine quarantine check up for monkeys to be used for trypanosomosis studies, 17 of 42 trapped vervet monkeys were found to be antibody and virus positive for simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). A study was then set up to investigate the role of SIV-trypanosome co-infection on disease progression and subsequen
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:28 (abstract no. 11230)
Mavoungou E, Poaty-Mavoungou V;;; CIRMF, France Ville, Gabon.
Cynomolgus monkey are susceptible to infection with select simian immuno-deficiency virus (SIV). To date, the precise sequence of events following gp120-CD4 interaction, induced the conformational change, and those preceding fusion, are unknown. We investigated the early interactions between SIV envelope glycoproteins
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:28 (abstract no. 11231)
Figueiredo JF, Figueiredo LT, Sauaia CR, de Oliveira EC, Romao E, Da Silva FL, Rodrigues ML;;; Faculty of Medicine Rib Preto-US P FM R PUS P, Ribeirao Preto SP, Brasil.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the long-term course of intraocular lesions experimentally induced by human CMV in normal and immunossupressed rabbits, in order to obtain an animal model of CMV retinitis. DESIGN: A prospective, experimental study. METHODS: Group 1--single doses of CMV (in three different titers--10(2.5)TCID
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:519-20 (abstract no. 112/31124)
Rinaldo C, Huang XL, Fan Z, Liebmann J, McMahon D, Riddler S, Mellors J;;; Univ. of Pittsburgh, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate memory anti-HIV-1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTLm) responses in patients treated for over 2 yr with combination drug therapy in the Merck 035 clinical trial. METHODS: We studied CTLm responses to Gag, Pol and Env in a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial in
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:28 (abstract no. 11232)
Makuwa M, Georges-Gourbot MC, Lu CY, Dubreuil G, Marx PA, Georges AJ;;; Centre International de Recherches Medicals (CIRMF) Franceville, Gabon.
OBJECTIVE: A new virus SIVrcm was isolated in a red capped mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus) from Central Africa. An experimental study was done to evaluate the ability of SIVrcm in infecting macaque monkeys. As red capped mangabey is closely related to sooty mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus atys), we made an att
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:29 (abstract no. 11234)
Utsunomiya T, Kobayashi M, Pollard RB, Ito M, Suzuki F;;; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0835, USA.
OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that type 2 T cell responses (T2 responses) play an important role in the pathogeneses of Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection in immunocompromized hosts. A predominance of T2 responses has been shown in MAIDS mice. As the modulatory activity of glycyrrhizin (GR) on the differentiati
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:29 (abstract no. 11235)
Suzuki F, Furukawa K, Sasaki H, Pollard RB;;; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
OBJECTIVE: C. neoformans, a common opportunistic fungal pathogen, has been shown as a serious pathogenic organism in patients with AIDS. Even with aggressive chemotherapy, the high mortality rates of AIDS patients infected with C. neoformans have persisted. In the present study, the effects of a new antifungal drug, la
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:29 (abstract no. 11236)
Lamprecht J, Bouic P, Freestone M, Austin M;;; Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
BACKGROUND: The results of a small pilot study treating FIV infected domestic cats with capsules containing a combination of BSS (Betasitosterol) and BSSG (Betasitosterol glucoside) in the naturally occurring ratio supported the anecdotal success of an African folk remedy and the results of vitro studies with HIV. A co
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:29 (abstract no. 11237)
Rodrigues M de L, Morales MS, Ventura L, Esousa SJ, Neto JC, Souza NV, Figueiredo JF;;; Fac. Medicina Ribeirao Preto (FMRP-USP), Laboratorio Fisica Oftalmica FMRP-USP, Brasil.
OBJECTIVES: To detect possible changes in the corneal endothelium at different times after subconjunctival DHPG injection. DESIGN: A prospective, masked, experimental study. METHODS: The study was conducted on 24 eyes of 12 rabbits who received 8 mg of DHPG diluted in 0.16 ml distilled water in one eye and the same vol
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:30 (abstract no. 11240)
Leborgne S, Michel ML, Aubertin AM, Dormont O, Reviere Y, Le Grand R;;; Institut Pasteur Unite V.I.C., Paris, France.
OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the role of HIV specific immune response induced by a DNA based vector a HIV-1 V3 epitope fused with a carrier antigen. BACKGROUND: DNA immunization offers a novel mean to induce humoral and cellular immunity in inbred or in outbred animals, by mimicking natural viral infection. A DNA
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:30 (abstract no. 11241)
Patterson J, Alrich KM, Robey FA, Robert-Guroff M;;; NIH NCI DBS BRL, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.
To improve the immunogenicity of HIV and SIV subunit proteins, we are developing novel alternatives, including an alpha-helical, polymeric peptide (peptomer) derived from the CD4 binding region of HIV-1 or SIV envelope. Not only is this site highly conserved among HIV and SIV strains, it also contains T helper, B, and
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze both kinetics and persistence of CTL response in macaques and mice immunized with alvac-HIV (vCP205) expressing gp120-MN LAI, gag-LAI and pro-LAI antigens. METHODS: Two groups of 4 cynomolgus macaques were inoculated 3 times with alvac-HIV (vCP205) administered either by
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:31 (abstract no. 11243)
Callet C, Jourdier TM, Moulin JC, el Habib R, Trannoy E;;; Pasteur Merieux Connaught, Marcyl'etoile, France.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the capacity of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) expressing HIV antigens to raise specific CTL response in vivo. Canarypox virus expressing gp120MN-TM LAI, gag-LAI and pro-LAI antigens was used to infect PBMCs ex vivo prior to intravenous reinjection. METHODS: Six cynomolgus
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:31 (abstract no. 11244)
Lu Y, Pauza DC, Letvin N, Sodroski J, Miller CJ;;; Institute for International Vaccine Dev., Cambridge, MA, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To develop different SHIV challenge viruses with different infectivity to macaque monkeys that can be used to test potential efficacy of HIV-1 vaccine candidates. DESIGN: Characterizing the infectivity and pathogenesis of a group of different SHIV in rhesus monkeys by intravenous, intravaginal or intrarecta
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:61 (abstract no. 114/12247)
Vigano A, Clerici M, Bricalli D, Saresella M, Difabio S, Principi N, Vella S;;; Clinica Pediatrica IV Universita Milano, Italy.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze restoration of immune competence and viral suppression in plasma in vertically HIV-infected children receiving potent antiRetroviral therapy. METHODS: Nineteen HIV-infected, previously antiRetroviral-experienced (ZVD, ZVD + ddl) children (mean age 9.6, range 5.5-13.2 years), with clinical symptom
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:530 (abstract no. 115/31177)
McElrath J, Malhotra U, Musey L, Berry M, Huang Y, Corey L;;; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
OBJECTIVES: The ultimate failure of CTL to control HIV-1 infected persons may result from the inability of CD4+ T cells to provide help for these effector activities. To determine if viral suppression can improve HIV-1-specific cellular immunity, we prospectively examined T cell function in patients with acute HIV-1 in
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:529 (abstract no. 116/31170)
Burgisser P, Hammann C, Kaufmann D, Frei PC;;; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospital Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
OBJECTIVES: To relate plasma viral load with CD28 or CD38 expression on CD8+ T lymphocytes at baseline and during antiRetroviral therapy ( ddI + d4T +/- hydroxyurea, d4T+RTV+SQV, or 2 NRTIs + 1 PI). BACKGROUND: CD8+CD28- T cells are terminally differentiated effec
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:31 (abstract no. 12102)
Boubaker K, Bally F, Vogel G, Meuwly JY, Glauser MP, Telenti A;;; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzeland.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between treatment with indinavir (IND) and change in renal function. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of all adults (n = 106) from an HIV unit who started IND after June 96. RESULTS: A mean CR increase from baseline of 13.6% was observed for the whole cohort (95% CI, 9-18%).
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:31 (abstract no. 12103)
Urasa PL;;; Mawenzi Regional Hospital, Moshi, Tanzania.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the felt needs of AIDS orphans and asses. Community response towards caring of the Orphans. METHODOLOGY: Focus group discussions with guardians, Community members and older orphans, on their views and experiences on the needs and support offered to the Orphans. The attitude of the Community towa
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:32 (abstract no. 12104)
Benfield T, Mocroft S, Vella S, Chiesi A, Miller V, Kosmiosis J, Phillips AN, Lundgren JD;;; Dept. Infectious Diseases, Hvidouvre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the death rates of patients with HIV in 6 month periods between 1994 and 1997, overall and according to minimum CD4 lymphocyte count, and to determine to what extent changes in treatment explain the changing death rates. DESIGN: A pan-European prospective observational study of 4,491 patients w
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:32 (abstract no. 12105)
Heiken H, Becker S, Stoll M, Batisch I, Schimidt RE;;; Department of Clinical Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
BACKGROUND: CCR5 has been identified as an important cofactor for infection with macrophage-tropic HIV-1. Heterozygosity for a 32-basepair deletion (532) in the CCR5 gene is associated with delayed disease progression in HIV-1-infected patients and might be used as an additional prognostic parameter. There is evidence
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:32 (abstract no. 12106)
Lundgren JD, Miller V, Mocroft A, Stergiou G, Reiss P, Katzenstein T, van Lunzen J, Phillips AN;;; Eurosida, Dept. Inf. D55, (144), Hvidoure Univ. Hospital.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of disease progression in patients with current CD4 cell counts > 200/mm3 stratified according to the lowest CD4 cell count previously experienced. DESIGN AND METHODS: The EuroSIDA cohort enrolled patients with
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:32 (abstract no. 12107)
el-Sadr W, Baldwin H, Wilson E, Francis C;;; Harlem Hospital/Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
OBJECTIVE: Primary care physicians can play an important role in the prevention of transmission of HIV and in its early detection and appropriate management. We conducted this study to assess the HIV knowledge, attitudes and practices among community-based primary care physicians in high AIDS case rate minority communi
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:32-3 (abstract no. 12108)
Alliegro MB, Cozzilepri A, Sinicco A, Pezzotti P, Rezza G;;; COA-Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, Rome, Italy.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of HBV infection on the natural history of HIV infection. DESIGN: Prospective study of HIV-positive individuals with known dates of HIV seroconversion (SC). METHODS: 156 individuals were followed for a median of 1.6 years (range: 0.1-10.0) and tested for HBV markers at SC and then abo
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:33 (abstract no. 12109)
Kreuzer KA, Rockstrom JK, Kupfer B, Spengler U;;; Dpt. of Medicine, Univ. of Bonn, FRG.
The hypothesis has been proposed that macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP)-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta and RANTES may play a significant role in controlling HIV replication by competitive binding to HIV coreceptors. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether this possible interaction is reflected by altered chem
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:33 (abstract no. 12110)
Soriano A, Palou E, Gallart T, Garcia F, Miro JM, Alcami J, Cruceta A, Gatell JM;;; Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain.
BACKGROUND: Macrophage (M)-tropic HIV-1 strains use chemokine receptor CCR-5 and CCR-2 as coreceptors for entry into CD4+ cells. A 32 base-pair deletion (delta 32) in CCR5 and a 641 deletion in CCR2 are associated with a slower rate of progression to AIDS in heterozygotes. To gain insight about the role of these protec
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:33 (abstract no. 12111)
Rangel-Frausto MS, Ponce-de-Leon S, Villasis Kiever A, Ruiz-Palacios GM;;; Instituto Nacional Nutricion, TL Alpan, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
Survival and Morbidity of HIV patients has dramatically changed due to the use of both antivirals and prophylaxis. We retrospectively review our experience with the management of HIV patients, and specially the impact of therapy in patients survival. We reviewed the charts of patients admitted to the HIV clinic from 19
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:33 (abstract no. 12112)
Barbosa PR, Morais-de-Sa CA, Barbosa-Filho J, Sion FS, Pinto JF, Nadal J;;; Hosp. Univ. Gaffree e Guinle, Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
OBJECTIVE: Ventricular late potentials (VLP) are fragmented electrical activities which originate in regions with delayed conduction in damaged myocardium, and are markers of ventricular arrhythmia due to reentry mechanism. The infection of myocardial fibers and dendritic cells by HIV and the presence of VLP reinforces
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:33-4 (abstract no. 12113)
Frederick W, Doonquah L, Delepeha RA, Alexis LC, Sappington PL, McNeil JI, Frederick WR;;; Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
BACKGROUND: All reports on Retroviral co-infection have been in patients co-infected with HIV-1 and HTLV-1. Several studies suggest that HTLV-1 accelerates progression of HIV infection. We undertook this study to monitor clinical progression of HIV infection and CD4+ lymphocyte counts in subjects co-infected with HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:34 (abstract no. 12114)
Brites C, Alcantara AP, Gimbo A, Silva N, Pedroso C, Pedral-Sampalo D;;; Hosp Univ Prof Edgard Santos, Canela, Brazil.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the association of RTV plus SQV, combined with reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI), in the treatment of AIDS patients. METHODS: A combination of SQV (1.2 g/day) and RTV (600 mg/day) was added to the treatment of 31 consecutive AIDS patients, who were under double th
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:34 (abstract no. 12115)
Boelaert JR, Delanghe J, Langlois M, Verhofstede C, van Wanzeele F, Plum J;;; AZ Sint-Jan Ruddershove, Bruges, Belgium.
OBJECTIVES: We previously reported that the polymorphism in the haptoglobin (Hp) locus, resulting in 3 different phenotypes (Hp 1-1, 2-1 & 2-2) influences the prognosis after HIV-1 infection, with a higher mortality in Hp 2-2 individuals (P = 0.0001). Here we study whether the Hp polymorphism influences the HIV-1 v
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:34 (abstract no. 12116)
Harrer T, Goldwich A, Kasten S, Rascu A, Kalden JR, Harrer T;;; Dept. of Medicine III, Univ. of Erlangen, Germany.
BACKGROUND: As the chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is an important coreceptor for M-tropic HIV-1 strains, pharmacologic blocking of CCR5 has been proposed for therapy of HIV-infection. A 32 base pair deletion within CKR-5 is associated with a more favourable course of HIV-1-infection, but little is known about the influenc
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:34 (abstract no. 12117)
Arasteh K, Zwingers T, Simon V, Heise W, L'Age M;;; August-Viktoria-Krankenhause, II. Innere Abteilung, Berlin, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the changing spectrum of AIDS-defining diseases of hospitalised patients undergoing antiRetroviral treatment. DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal investigation in a mixed cohort of HIV-1 positive patients. METHODS: During 1985-1997 2,904 in-door patients had been treated in the Auguste-Viktoria-Hosp
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:34-5 (abstract no. 12118)
Lai H, Lai S, Shor-Posner G, Baum MK;;; University of Miami, FL, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between plasma zinc, copper, and mortality among HIV-infected homosexual men. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. METHODS: HIV-1 infected homosexual men (n = 121) were followed between May 1987 and April 1991 in Miami, Florida, USA. Measurements including blood samples for nutr
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:35 (abstract no. 12119)
Vanhems P;;; Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Unite d'Hygiene, Epidemiologie, et Information Medicale, Pierre Benite, France.
OBJECTIVES: There is some evidence that after HIV infection, progression to immunodeficiency has accelerated (Weiss, 1992; Gorham, 1993). In order to test this hypothesis, we compared CD4 Count (/mm3) at 6 months after HIV-1 seroconversion (n = 266) in relation to the year of seroconversion (SC). DESIGN: Patients free
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:35 (abstract no. 12120)
Wheeler S, Haight M, Heller LS, Loro ML, Kaufman F, Salata C, Church JA;;; Childrens Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term safety and efficacy of Ox for HIV-associated malnutrition in children. METHODS: Eight HIV+ malnourished children (4 F, 4 M) 4-14 yrs of age were treated (Rx) for 3 mos with 0.1 mg/kg/day Ox orally: HIV RNA, CD4+ T-cell levels, endocrinologic, studies; resting energy expenditure (RE
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:35 (abstract no. 12121)
Meireles-de-Souza LR, Silveira-Campos S, Soares CR, Diaz-Carneiro LA, Linhares-Carvalho MI, Trugo L, Castello-Branco LR;;; Dept. Biochemistry-IQ-UFRJ, Rio De Jainero, Brazil.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the plasma levels of vitamins A and E in ex-homeless HIV-1 infected and AIDS patients living in a support house and correlate to clinical, immunological and nutritional data. METHODS: Fasting blood samples were obtained from 14 HIV+ male subjects and 5 HIV-control men (all of them related no vit
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:35 (abstract no. 12122)
Montoya M, Mostorino R, Seas CS, Echevarria SE, Maguina CM, Gutuzzo EG;;; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the demographic characteristic and diseases in patients (pts) with HIV/AIDS and CD4 counts lower than 200 cell/dl who attended the Infectious Diseases Department of National Hospital Cayetano Heredia Lima- Peru . METHODS: Were included in the study patients 15 years old or older, with a recently
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:35-6 (abstract no. 12123)
Tchentsova N, Maximenok E, Roschenko LO, Zelenetskya KF, Vovk AD, Antonyak SN, Kislykh ON;;; Centre for AIDS Prevention, Kyiv, Ukraine.
OBJECTIVES: The existence of cofactors in development and dissemination of HIV-infection, including HBV, is well known. The influence HCV as cofactor of HIV-infection, from our point of view, is investigated insufficiently. The purpose of the present research was comparative study of prevalence HCV and HBV infection am
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:36 (abstract no. 12125)
Lenkinski R, Cecil K, Frank I, Desiderio L, Kolson D, Gonzalez-Scarano F, Matozza I;;; Univ of Penn., Philadelphia 19104, USA.
BACKGROUND: While standard neurological, psychiatric and neuropsychological tests provide a limited measure of viral influence in HIV, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may provide a non-invasive biochemical measure of the metabolic alterations observed in a given region of the brain. This work seeks to assess meta
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:36 (abstract no. 12126)
Kupfer B, Kaiser R, Rockstroh JK, Matz B, Schneweis KE;;; Institute of Medical Microbiology, Bonn, Germany.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the predictive value of HIV-1 phenotype in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-coculture, and to examine the relation between viral phenotype, viral load and CD4+ T cell count. DESIGN: In study A 132 HIV-1 infected individuals were analysed retrospectively for the relation between the resu
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:36 (abstract no. 12127)
Munoz A, Lyles RH, Margolick JB, Giorgi JV, Chen Y, Phair JP, Mellors JW;;; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To fully characterize the relation between baseline viral load (HIV-RNA) and decline of CD4+ lymphocytes using longitudinal data collected prior to the availability of antiRetroviral therapies in a large cohort. To provide 95% confidence limits for expected CD4+ decline at different baseline HIV-RNA and CD4
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:36-7 (abstract no. 12128)
Pilcher CD, Wohl DA, Beatty ZA, Nickisher D, Eron JJ;;; UNC-Chapel Hill, USA.
BACKGROUND: The University of North Carolina (UNC) is a tertiary care center caring for over 1,000 HIV-1 infected persons. UNC uses the Roche Monitor(r) system for HIV-1 RNA quantitation, with a lower limit of quantifiability of 400 copies/ml HIV-1 RNA and a variable limit of detection lower than 400 copies. The clinic
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:37 (abstract no. 12129)
Miller V, Sabin C, Nisius G, Helm EB, Berger AM, Phillips A, Staazewski S;;; Infektionsambul Anz Frankfurt/M. Universitatsklinikum Theodor-Stern, Germany.
INTRODUCTION: The virus load level before therapy is a significant prognostic factor for disease progression. Therapy-induced reductions in viral load improve clinical outcome. However, the prognostic value of a given viral load under HAART has not been determined. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic value of viral loa
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:37 (abstract no. 12130)
Afessa B, Green B;;; University of Florida, Jacksonville, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with mortality of hospitalized patients with HIV. DESIGN: Prospective, observational study. METHODS: The study included 1112 admissions of 550 patients with HIV. We obtained demographic data, risk factor for HIV, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II s
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:37 (abstract no. 12131)
Morgan D, Malamba S, Mayanja B, Whitworth J;;; Medical Research Council Programme On AIDS, Entebre, Uganda.
BACKGROUND: To describe disease progression, including survival, of HIV-1 infection in rural Uganda . METHODS: A natural history cohort was established in 1990. By the end of 1997, we had enrolled 107 prevalent cases who were infected with HIV prior to 1990; 128 incident cases detected during annual serosurvey rounds o
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:37 (abstract no. 12132)
Paul S, Ziechek W, Gilbert HM, Jacobs J, Sepkowitz KA;;; New York Hospital New York, USA.
BACKGROUND: Viral load (VL) determinations are a potent predictor of HIV progression in population-based studies. However, the correlation between VL and various opportunistic conditions remains poorly defined. We therefore studied VL levels on a cohort of patients hospitalized at an urban comprehensive HIV center. MET
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:38 (abstract no. 12133)
Boufassa F, Hubert JB, Rouzioux C, Tamalet C, Dussaix E, Laurian Y, Goujard C;;; Inserm U292 Hopital De Bicetre, Kremlin Bicetre, France.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the predictive value of biological and clinical events for progression to AIDS (1993 European classification) when the CD4+ cell count falls below 200/microL (CD4 threshold) in different exposure groups. To investigate whether such markers remain predictive independently of the serum HIV-1 RNA lev
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:155 (abstract no. 12/13346)
Magierowska M, Costagliola D, Sanson F, Debre P, Theodorou I;;; Lab. d'Immunologie Celulaire et Tissulaire URA CNRS, Paris, France.
OBJECTIVE: To study the contribution of CCR2-641, CCR5-D32, SDF1-3.A and HLA genotypes in HIV-1 infected long-term nonprogressors (thereafter referred as ALT). DESIGN: The ALTs (n = 68, all of Caucasian origin) are subjects who experienced HIV-1 infection for at least eight years, with a stable CD4+ cell count > 600 ce
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:38 (abstract no. 12134)
Solmone MC, Antonelli G, Riva RE, Ferrara FR, D'Offizi DO, Paganelli PR, Pernozzoli PB, Dianzani DF;;; Institute of Virology Univ. La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To verify the existence of virological markers which can be predictive of the state of non progression in HIV infection. DESIGN AND METHODS: 24 LTNPs were enrolled on the basis of the following criteria: asymptomatic state, a long history of documented HIV infection (at least 8 years from seroconversion); CD
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:38 (abstract no. 12135)
Kassa E, Rinke de Wit TF, Hailu E, Messele T, Yeneneh H, Coutinho RA, Fontanet AL;;; Ethiopian Netherlands AIDS Research Project/ENARP, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVES: To identify clinical conditions and biological markers associated with the WHO staging system of HIV infection in Ethiopia . DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: 43 HIV-positive and 34 HIV-negative individuals participating in an on-going cohort study on HIV-infection progression, as well as 79 HIV-posit
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:38 (abstract no. 12136)
Petroni A, Deluchi G, Rodriguez C, Benetucci JA;;; Fundai Htal Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
AIM: To correlate the variation of plasmatic viral load levels and LCD4 count in HIV-1+ patients with and without antiRetroviral treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Viral load levels were established through RT-PCR (Amplicor HIV-1+ Monitor Roche Diagnostic System) on plasma from 74 HIV(+)-1 patients with (n:39) and withou
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:38 (abstract no. 12137)
Luna G, Trevino S, Nieto L, Santoscoy M;;; Hospital General Gabriel Mancera, Mexico City, Mexico.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if the overall survival of a cohort of Mexican patients has improved with time and the factors that contributed to the improvement. DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal, observational and descriptive study. METHODS: We analyzed All adult patients with AIDS that were seen in our department from Sept
Int Conf AIDS 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; 12:38-9 (abstract no. 12138)
Mbanya DN, Zekeng L, Kamga L, Tapko JB, Kaptue LN;;; Department Haematology Univ. Yaounde I, Cameroon.
OBJECTIVE: To establish lymphocyte subset ranges among Cameroonian HIV positive people at various clinical stages of disease. METHODS: CD4+, CD8+, CD3+ levels and the CD4/CD8 ratio were measured by flow cytometry in 106 HIV seropositive Cameroonians in a hospital-based cross-sectional study and compared to various stag
