Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB654)
Rockstroh JK, Loch O, Helm B, Degen O, Brockmeyer H, Kaiser R; J.K. Rockstroh, Univ. of Bonn, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany, Tel.: +49-228-287 6558, Fax: +49-228-287-5034, E-mail: rockstroh@uni-bonn.de
Objective: To clarify the interactions between HCV- and HIV-infection in 63 HIV/HCV double-infected hemophiliacs and 342 double-infected i.v. drug users. Methods: At baseline and after 6 months, HCV-RNA-levels were determined quantitatively by the Roche Monitor PCR Assay. HIV-RNA, CD4+/CD8+ counts, ALT, AST, cholineste
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB655)
Soriano V, Kirk O, Antunes F, Johnson M, d'Arminio Monforte A, Teglbjorg LS, Goebel F-D, Lundgren JD; V. Soriano, Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Sinesio Delgado 10, 28029 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 453 25 00, Fax: +34 91 733 66 14, E-mail: vsoriano@dragonet.es
Background: Co-infection with HCV may influence the clinical prognosis in HIV-infected patients. Objectives: To compare characteristics and mortality among patients testing positive/negative for HCV antibody within the EuroSIDA database, in which data from more than 8500 patients from 60 centres across Europe are recor
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB656)
Landau A, Batisse D, Piketty C, Duong Van Huyen JP, Bloch F, Pialoux G, Belec L, Jian R, Weiss L, Kazatchkine MD; A. Landau, Hopital Broussais, 96, rue Didot, 75674 Paris Cedex 14, France, Tel.: +33 14 395 83 03, Fax: +33 14 395 95 24, E-mail: alain.landau@brs.ap-hop-paris.fr
Background: to evaluate the long term efficacy and safety of a combination therapy of interferon-alpha 2b (IFN) and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in coinfected HIV-seropositive patients. Methods: Sixty patients coinfected with HCV and HIV were enrolled in an open pros
Background: The objective of the investigation was to study dynamics of virologic and serological indices in HIV infected patients co-infected with hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses in response to triple antiretroviral therapy including
Background: Since 1998 HIV-infection widely spread in Moscow Region of Russia (MR). On 01.01.98 in MR were registered 618 HIV-infected persons, on 01.01.99 - 1215, on 01.01.2000 - more than 10000. About 90% of new cases HIV-infection is IVDU. The frequency of HCV markers in HIV-infected patients (pts.) in MR remains u
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB659)
Zaltron S, Carosi G, Puoti M, Zaltron S, Zanini B, Putzolu V, Delle Foglie P, Quinzan P, Costa P, Marino R, Andreoni M, Stagni G; S.Zaltron, Clinica di Malattie Infettive, Spedali Civili, P.zza Spedali 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy, Tel.: +39 030 399 5671, Fax: +39 030 303 061, E-mail: puoti_brambilla@iol.it
Aims: To assess: efficacy , tolerability, effect on HIV infection of rIFN2a treatment in HIV-HCV coinfected patients. Design: Multicentre, open, randomised, controlled trial aimed to compare rIFNa2a 6 MIU s.c. TW for 12 months with no treatment. Methods: Inclusion criteria were: chronic
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB702)
Galli M, Ridolfo AL, Gervasoni C, Adorni F, Ravasio L, Gianelli E, Corsico L, Pizzuto M, Piazza E, d'Arminio Monforte A, Moroni M; M. Galli, 'L.Sacco'Hospital, Via G.B. Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy, Italy, Tel.: +39(0)23560010, Fax: +39(0)23560805, E-mail: masgalli@mailserver.unimi.it
Background: Fat tissue alterations (FTAs) are frequent in women treated with antiretroviral (ARV) drugs and present pleomorphic clinical aspects. Aim of the study was to assess the role of protease inhibitors (PIs) and NRTIs in inducing FTAs in ARV-experienced and naive women. Patients and Methods: A cohort of outpati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB703)
Bernasconi E, Boubaker K, Sudre P, Flepp M, Furrer HJ, Haensel A, Hirschel B, Boggian K, Opravil M, Rickenbach M, Telenti A;;; E. Bernasconi, Regional Hospital Lugano, v. Tesserete 46, CH-6903 Lugano, Switzerland, Tel.: +41-91-805 60 22, Fax: +41-91-805 60 31, E-mail: enbernasconi@tinet.ch
Background: To describe the prevalence of fat redistribution and lipid disorders in relation to demographic, virologic, immunologic parameters and to the antiretroviral drugs. Methods: One-month prevalence study of adverse events in HIV-infected individuals participating in the SHCS. Data on abnormal body fat distribut
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB704)
Lichtenstein K, Ward D, Delaney K, Moorman A, Young B, Palella F, Wood K, Holmberg S; K. Lichtenstein, Columbia Rose Medical Center, 4545 East 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80220, United States, Tel.: +1 303 393 8050, Fax: +1 303 320 1953, E-mail: didc.kal@juno.com
Objectives and Methods: To analyze factors related to physical manifestations of fat redistribution among patients in the HOPS, 1077 (89%) of patients visiting 8 clinics in 7 U.S. cities from 10/98-12/98 were interviewed and assessed by HOPS clinicians. We identified patients with fat redistribution using number and s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB705)
Domingo P, Francia E, Torres OH, Montiel JA, Perez A, Ordonez J, Rodriguez J, Sambeat MA, Vazquez G; P. Domingo, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni M. Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 291 93 43, Fax: +34 93 291 92 69, E-mail: pere.domingo@cc.uab.es
Objective: To compare body composition, serum lipid profile lipid, insulin secretion, and endocrine measurements in HIV-1-infected patients whose antiretroviral regime differed only in a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Patients and methods: Ninety-eight HIV-infected patients on long-term highly activ
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB709)
Moss V, Sozi C, Seruyange H, Ndaze P; V. Moss, Mildmay International, The Mildmay Centre, PO Box 24985, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 200862, Fax: +256 41 200861, E-mail: vronmoss@hotmail.com
Background: Palliative care is the total active care of a person with a progressive life-limiting condition (such as HIV/AIDS) which is not responsive to curative treatment. Its emphasis is on promoting quality of life through good management of symptoms and medical problems, rehabilitation using an inter-disciplinary
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB710)
Marston J; J. Marston, Bloemfontein Hospice, PO Box 28391, Danhof, 9310, South Africa, Tel.: +27 51 447 7281, Fax: +27 51 447 7358, E-mail: richardm@intekom.co.za
Issues: Minimum standards of Palliative care for People Living with AIDS (PWAs) need to be defined and tested for the protection of both clients and carers.Whilst the Hospice Association of South Africa (HASA) has developed Hospice standards, there exists a need for evaluating palliative care within hospitals, communit
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB711)
Raveis VH, Blum N, Aranda-Naranjo B, Alexander C, Hanna B, Patterson E, Rosefield H, Selwyn P; V.H. Raveis, Columbia University, 100 Haven Avenue Ste. 6A, New York, NY 10032, United States, Tel.: +1 212 304 55 63, Fax: +1 212 304 72 68, E-mail: vhr1@columbia.edu
Issues: Although in recent years the death rates from HIV/AIDS have fallen, each year at least 20,000 people die from AIDS in the United States . A new initiative by the HIV/AIDS Bureau in the Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is addressing the emerging challenge
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB712)
Namulema E, Nabulya C, Baragaine J, Muinda Z; E. Namulema, Mengo Hospital, PO Box 7161, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 270 222, Fax: +256 41 200 861, E-mail: namulema@excite.com
Issues: The proportion of HIV/AIDS patients that become terminally ill or bedridden in Uganda is very high.If Opportunistic Infections are not adequately treated, the likelihood of being ill is high, in the long run these patients lose their jobs as constant abseteeism from duty is also high.They therfore cannot meet t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB713)
Mugisha Kemirembe A, Sozi C, Mugisha E, Katuntu D, Bakunda A, Bakunda A, Tumusiime M; A. Mugisha Kemirembe, MildMay International, PO Box 22616, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 200 866, Fax: +256 41 200 861, E-mail: mildint2@infocom.co.ug
Issue:Despite the relatively cheap Institutional support for HIV/AIDS care at Mildmay Centre, HIV/AIDS patients still shy way from the service. The aim of the study was to find out the extent to which social and psychosocial problems affect the provision of quality services at Ugandan Health centres.Description:At the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB747)
Hirscgel B, Fagard C, Lebraz M, Tortajada C, Garcia F, Bernasconi E, Battegay M, Gunthard H, Furrer H-J, Vernazza P, Oxenius A, Phillps R, Yerly S, Gatell J, Perneger T, Erb P, Perrin L; B. Hirscgel, Hopital Cantonal, 24, rue Micheli-du-Crest, CH-1211 Geneve, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 22 372 98 12, Fax: +41 22 372 98 20, E-mail: bernard.hirschel@hcuge.ch
Background: HIV-specific immune response (IR) weakens during HAART. Rebounds during treatment (Rx) interruption may stimulate the IR and eventually permit discontinuation of HAART. Methods: Patients on HAART (most of them ART-naive before HAART, without treatment failure, never on NNRTIs, with a viral load (VL)>50 copi
Background: HAART is useful but has also important constrains. Intermittent treatment interruption studies (ITI) may help to cope with such problems but they might represent an important cause of psychological disturbances. Methods: 12 HIV+ patients (pts) receiving antiretrovirals for >2 years were included. All had a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB749)
Capobianchi MR, Abbate I, Dianzani F, Turriziani O, Antonelli G, D'Offizi G, Galati V, Pierdominici M, Pandolfi F; M. R. Capobianchi, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy, Italy, Tel.: +39-06-55170434, Fax: +39-06-5594555, E-mail: virology@ats.it
Aim: Nine patients were tested for the presence of cellular membrane molecules (CMPs) on the surface of circulating HIV-1, both before HAART and after controlled therapy suspension. Methods: Virus embedded CMPs were tested with a new, highly sensitive immunocapture method. Plasma samples were applied to immobilized Ma
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB750)
Altfeld M, Rosenberg ES, Mukherjee J, Eldridge RL, Poon SH, Phillips MN, Brander C, Goulder PJ, Walker BD; M. Altfeld, 149 13th Street, ID Unit, 5th floor, Charlestown, MA 02129-2000, United States, Tel.: +(1)-617-724-2461, Fax: +(1)-617-726-5411, E-mail: maltfeld@partners.org
Early intervention with HAART during acute HIV-1 infection has been shown to augment HIV-1 specific T helper cell responses, but the effects on the breadth and magnitude of CTL responses have not yet been well defined. We assessed epitope- specific CTL responses longitudinally in subjects with treated acute HIV-1 infec
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB751)
Dithan K, Nsereko D, Male O, Damulira C, Lutaya S; K. Dithan, PO Box 22094, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 774 441 94, E-mail: nithan@hotmail.com
Issue: To explore and utilise potential of the family as care giver and to motivate them for active participation in home based care. Project: During the course of his illness a person suffering from AIDS may move from home to the hospital and back again. It is essential to motivate extended family members to actively
Issue: Using a modular material and problem-based methodology, the Brazilian Aids Programme is developing training courses for nurses working with HIV/AIDS. Description: In 1996 the Brazilian Aids Programme Training Team formulated a modular training course employing problem-based methodology based on the WHO/GPA Manua
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB753)
Bingham K; K. Bingham, University of Natal, King George V Avenue, Glenwood, Durban 4041, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 260 1192, Fax: +27 31 260 1252, E-mail: binghamk.mc.und@gwise.mc.und.ac.za
Issues: Statistical data clearly shows the vast impact HIV/AIDS is having on existing facilities in South Africa . Building types being affected include prisons, street shelters, children s homes, hospitals and mortuaties, hospices and educational facilities, while impact is being felt in terms of housing. Most facilit
Objective: To improve home based care delivery to AIDS patients by implementing a training programme facilitated by people living with AIDS. Method: A training package on home based care based on the WHO- care model was adopted for use. Ten (10) PWAs of mixed gender were recruited and trained as facilitators to facilit
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB755)
Abdollahzadeh F, Moghadasian S; F. Abdollahzadeh, University of Tabriz, Faculty of Nursing and, Midwifery Medical Science, PO Box 1745-347, Tabriz, Iran, Tel.: +98 41 477 379, Fax: +98 41 496 969
Medical Society considers the eradication of small pox and poliomyelitis as its greatest achievement and the incidence of AIDS as its most catastrophic failure in the last half of the 20th century. This disease is not a actual problem in our country on account of the preveiling religious beliefs and moral values. Howev
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB756)
Hancock M, Ngugi E, Gatua E, O'Keeffe C, Sims R, Rouse D; M.Hancock, Mildmay International, 1 Nelson Mews, Southend on Sea, Essex, SS1 1AL, United Kingdom, Tel.: +017 02 39 44 50, Fax: +017 02 39 44 54, E-mail: mildint@globalnet.co.uk
Issues: HBC is increasingly being seen as a way of meeting the needs of PLWAs in resource-poor countries. They way in which health workers are trained will impact on their ability to provide effective, appropriate care. Courses available are often of short duration and deal with single topic areas. This paper presents
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB757)
Thoni G, Reynes J, Mercier J, Varray A, Baillat V, Fabre J, Fedou C; G. Thoni, Sport, Performance, Health, Faculte des sciences du sport, 700 av du pic st loup, 34090 Montpellier, France, France, Tel.: +33 4 67 41 57 30, Fax: +33 4 67 41 57 50, E-mail: gilles.thoni@sc.univ-montp1.fr
We investigated whether the two main dysmorphic changes called lipodystrophy could induce distinct metabolic exercise dysregulations. We studied 36 lipodystrophic patients (36.3±1.4 years) divided into two different groups : one group of visceral fat hypertrophic patients (H) visceral adipose tissue (VAT)/total adip
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB758)
Aznar R, Egido M, Puzo J, Ferrer M, Berdun MA, Lasierra P, Cisneros P; R. Aznar, Hospital San Jorge, Martinez de Velasco, no36, 22071 - Huesca, Spain, Tel.: +34 974 21 11 21, E-mail: raznar@retemail.es
Background: Changes in HIV infected lipid profiles have been described in literature before the introduction of protease inhibitors. The objective of our study is to evaluate the lipid profile of asymptomatic and untreated patients in our area. Methods: Case-control study. Fasting serum samples of 40 asymptomatic HIV
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB759)
Morlese J, Ware L, Kruger M, Pozniak A, Jackson A, Wooton S, Gazzard BG; J. Morlese, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0181 746 5610, Fax: +44 0181 746 5610, E-mail: sandra.mead@chelwest.org
Dyslipidaemia in HIV seropositive patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been extensively described. The underlying derangement remains unclear. We have studied The physiology of the lipid metabolism of individuals treated with HAART was studied measuring lipid absorption, gastrointestin
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB760)
Seminari E, Pan A, Voltini G, Maserati R, Tinelli C, Meneghetti G, Carnevale G, Testa S; E. Seminari, Istituti Ospitalieri, Infectious Disease Dept, V. Concordia 1 26100, Cremona, Italy, Tel.: +390372405695, Fax: +390372405518, E-mail: ocrkl@tin.it
Background: Patients infected with HIV may be at risk of atherosclerosis, and present evidence of endothelium dysfunction. The risk of development of cardiovascular disease may increase as a consequence of the body composition and metabolic changes known as lipodistrophy , related to PIs use. In the last 2 years there
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB761)
Mercie P, Thiebaut R, Lavignole V, Morlat P, Malvy D, Dupon M, Ragnaud J-M, Dabis F; P. Mercie, Bordeaux University Hospital, Hospital Haut Leveque, 5 av de Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France, Tel.: +33 5 56 55 64 83, Fax: +33 5 56 55 64 84, E-mail: patrick.mercie@wanadoo.fr
Objective: To study carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in HIV-1 infected patients to assess the cardiovascular risk and its determinants with special attention to lipodystrophy (LD). Method: Cross-sectionnal survey within the Aquitaine Cohort (southwestern France ) in late 1999. Common (CCA) and bifurcation (BF) caro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrB762)
Hadigan C, Meigs J, Corcoran C, Basgoz N, Davis B, Sax P, Stanley T, Wilson P, D'Agostino R, Grinspoon S; C. Hadigan, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, BUL 457B, Boston, MA 02114, USA, United States, Tel.: +(617) 724-6091, Fax: +(617) 726-5072, E-mail: chadigan@partners.org
Background: The HIV-lipodystrophy syndrome is characterized by increased trunk and neck fat and/or loss of extremity and facial fat. Studies suggest that fat redistribution is accompanied by multiple metabolic abnormalities. We characterized metabolic parameters of affected HIV patients compared to age, sex and body ma
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC660)
Ettiegne Traore V, Ghys PD, Diallo MO, Vuylsteke B, Anoma C, Hoyi Y, Kadjo JC, Van Damme L, Sanogo A, Roels TH, Laga M; V. Ettiegne Traore, Projet Retro - CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 541 11, Fax: +225 212 429 69, E-mail: vae4@cdc.gov
Introduction: Safe and effective female controlled methods of protection against HIV are needed. Abidjan is one of the trial sites of an UNAIDS-sponsored randomized double-blind study investigating the potential effectiveness of a vaginal microbicide gel that contains nonoxynol-9. Objectives: To assess socio-demographi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC661)
Kilmarx PH, Supawitkul S, Yanpaisarn S, Limpakarnjanarat K, Manopaiboon C, Korattana S, St Louis ME, Mastro TD; P. H. Kilmarx, HIV/AIDS Colloboration, DMS6 Bldg Moph Tivanon Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: +665 374 4486, Fax: +665 371 1827, E-mail: pbk4@cdc.gov
Background: To perform vaginal microbicide clinical trials, potential study population rates of enrollment, condom use, follow-up, and HIV incidence must be well characterized. Methods: We enrolled women from 11 family planning clinics and one postpartum ward in upper northern Thailand into a prospective, observati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC662)
Srirak N, Sirirojn B-O, Rugpao S, Srisomboon J, Celentano D, Wongthanee A, Wichajarn M, Nelson K, Khamboonruang C; N. Srirak, PO Box 80 CMU, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand, Tel.: +66 53 221 966, Fax: +66 53 221 849, E-mail: rhonsrrk@chiangmai.co.th
Background: The major risk for HIV infection in Thailand is sexual transmission. The use of a vaginal microbicide (VM) is a potentially useful prevention strategy for women. However, VM use may directly effect male partners and sexual life. We sought to determine the acceptability of BufferGel, a candidate VM, among se
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC663)
Howett MK, Wigdahl B, Malamud D, Christensen ND, Wyrick PB, Krebs FC, Catalone BJ; M.K. Howett, M.S. Hershey Medical CenterPO Box 850, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, United States, Tel.: +1 717 531 6523, Fax: +1 717 531 0665, E-mail: mhowett@psu.edu
Background: Our laboratories have focused on development of alternative, topical microbicides which would be less toxic than nonoxynol-9 (N-9) and offer a broad spectrum of microbicidal activity against HIV and, especially against human papillomaviruses (HPVs), etiologic agents of cervical cancer. Efforts have concentr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC664)
Mansergh G, Marks G, Crepaz N, Murphy S, Miller L, Appleby PR; G. Mansergh, CDC, DHAP Epidemiology, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E45, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 6135, Fax: +1 404 639 6118, E-mail: gcm2@cdc.gov
Background: HIV infection in men who have sex with men (MSM) continues to occur in many countries throughout the world. Development of an effective topical microbicide for anal intercourse in men could dramatically reduce incidence of infections. The present study examines preferences and intentions to use a potential
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC665)
Chapman A, Peers EM, Brown CB; A. Chapman, ML Laboratories PLC, 25 Grosvenor Road, St Albans, Herts, AL1 3HW, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 1727 73 93 00, Fax: +44 1727 83 58 67, E-mail: alanchap@aol.com
Background: Dextrin sulphate, a sulphated polysaccharide, inhibits HIV infection in vitro by binding to a cell surface molecule and blocking viral entry. Formulated as an intravaginal gel (Emmelle?), the compound is being developed as a vaginal microbicide to reduce heterosexual HIV transmission. Methods: To date, two
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC666)
Louie B, McFarland W, Kellogg T, Liska S, Miller M, Murrill C; B. Louie, San Francisco Department of Public Health, Public Health Laboratory, 101 Grove St. 4th Fl, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States, Tel.: +1 415 554 2800, E-mail: brian_louie@ph.sf.ca.us
Background: Intravenous drug users (IDUs) accessing treatment are used as sentinel populations to monitor the HIV epidemic. Trends in HIV prevalence have been used to identify emerging trends in HIV incidence. However, trends in HIV prevalence do not necessarily reflect trends in HIV incidence. We measured HIV incidenc
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC667)
Oliveira MT, Caiaffa W, Mingoti S, Fernandez H, Macedo LM, Mafra A, Paiva L, Picinin I, Santos L, Silva R; M. T. Oliveira, Rua Aimors, 2480 sala 604, 30140-072 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, Tel.: +55-31-275-2413, Fax: +55-31-275-2413, E-mail: jelihovs@net.em.com.br
Background: It is crucial to estimate the total number of AIDS cases accurately, aiming to prioritize health actions. In order to know the underreporting of AIDS in adults residents in a City located in Southeast Brazil during 1995-1996, a capture-recapture methodology was used. Methods: Five data sources were used: (
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC668)
Solomon SS, MCGarvey S, Rodriguez I, Amalraj E, Ganesh AK, Mayer K; S.S. Solomon, 1, Raman Street Tnagar, Chennai 600 017, India, Tel.: +91 44 626 3106, Fax: +91 44 825 6900, E-mail: yrgcare@vsnl.com
Background: We undertook a research to study the stability of Dried Blood Spots collected in the hot and humid field conditions of Southern India and compared their sensitivity and specificity to that of Serum ELISA and Western Blot.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC669)
Glynn JR, Buve A, Carael M, Musonda R, Kahindo M, Macauley I, Hawken M, Tembo F, Zekeng L; J.R. Glynn, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 207 927 2423, Fax: +44 207 436 4230, E-mail: j.glynn@lshtm.ac.uk
Background: Much of our knowledge of HIV prevalence relies on surveillance in women attending antenatal clinics (ANC). Much less is known about HIV prevalence in men. We have evaluated the accuracy of a new method of estimating male prevalence, by asking pregnant women the age of the father of the child. Methods: HIV
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC670)
Mekonnen Y, Tsegaye A, Rinke de Wit T, Beyene A, Fontanet A, Sanders E; Y. Mekonnen, PO Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Tel.: +251 1 753 330, Fax: +251 1 756 329, E-mail: enarp@telecom.net.et
Background: Pregnant women are often used as a sentinel population for HIV surveillance. However, age distribution differs between pregnant women and women of the general population, with more pregnant women in young adult age groups (e.g., 20-30 years), where HIV prevalence tends to be higher. We have studied the effe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC671)
Khamboonruang C, Natpratan P, Borwornsin S, Cegielski P, Srirak N, McNeil J, Renzullo P, Benenson M, Beyrer C; C. Khamboonruang, PO Box 80 CMU, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand, Tel.: +66 53 221 966, Fax: +66 53 221 849, E-mail: rvtu@chm.cscoms.com
Background: To measure HIV-1 incidence in preparation for community based HIV vaccine trials in northern Thailand , we identified and followed two large community cohorts comprising adult residents in districts with know high HIV-1 prevalence around Chiang Mai City. Methods: Peri-urban communities were selected that ha
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC672)
Zuma K, Gouws E, Williams B, Campbell C, Lurie M; K. Zuma, Medical Research Councul, PO Box 17120, Congella 4013, South Africa, Tel.: +27 031 202 0777, Fax: +27 031 202 0950, E-mail: kzuma@mrc.ac.za
Objective: Migrancy status is generally known to be a risk factor for the spread of HIV. However, little information is available on migrant women. This study aims to asses HIV status amongst self-identified migrant women, to determine the risk factors for infection, and to investigate patterns of migrancy. Method: A
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC673)
Clark K, Finlayson T, Lavinghouse R, Busch M, Steketee R, Williams A; K. Clark, Center fo Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Road, M-S E46, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 2085, Fax: +1 404 639 2029, E-mail: kjc4@cdc.gov
Background: U.S. blood donors are screened by interview and laboratory tests. Though testing has improved, it is still possible to miss persons with early HIV infection, who are a risk to the blood supply. Methods: From 1988-98, we collected data on donations positive for HIV-1 antibody at 15 U.S. blood centers. We int
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC674)
Khonde N, Asamoah-Adu C, Pepin J, Yeboah E, Avorkliyah M, Mensah J, Bekoe J, Homiah S, Newton K; N. Khonde, PO Box 710, Achimota, Accra, Ghana, Tel.: +233 21 241 452, Fax: +233 21 233 340, E-mail: waptcas2@ghana.com
Background: A cross-sectional study was undertaken to describe the epidemiology of HIV infection among sex workers (SW) of Accra, Ghana . Methods: 1257 SW were enrolled between March 97 and March 99. Overall, 50.0% were HIV-infected. Data were obtained on age, duration of sex work (in months), type of sex work (mobile
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC675)
Vuylsteke B, Ghys P, Traore M, Konan Y, Mah Bi G, Maurice C, Kakou AR, Sanogo A, Diarra J, Roels TH, Laga M; B. Vuylsteke, Projet Retro - CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 541 11, Fax: +225 212 429 69, E-mail: bbv1@cdc.gov
Introduction: From 1992 to 1998, consistent condom use with clients increased from 20% to 79% and HIV prevalence decreased from 90% to 37% among FSWs in Abidjan, where HIV prevalence in the general population was estimated at 14% in 1998. Clients of FSWs are considered an important bridge population for targeting prev
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC676)
Soto R, Epinoza I, Meza R, Aldana N, Sevilla A, Guillen A, Jimenez S, Baum M, Amador N; R. Soto, Programa Nacinal De Sida, Calle Peatonal, Edificio Galves Barnes, 20 Piso, Tegucigalpa, Honduras, Tel.: +504 237 3155, Fax: +504 237 3174, E-mail: divsida@ns.paho-who.hn
Background: To determine HIV-1 seroincidence, biological, and behavioral risk factors associated with HIV-1 transmission, and the retention rate in a cohort of female sex workers (FSW); to build the local capacity to implement HIV prevention trials. Methods: FSW who met eligibility criteria and signed informed consents
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC677)
Carcamo C, Minaya P, Chiong M, Flores R, Rusell K, Galvan R, Chiappe M, Segura P, Negrete M, Leiva R, Sanchez J; C. Carcamo, Procetss, Gregorio Escobedo 774 D, Jesus Maria, Lima 11, Peru, Tel.: +51 1 460 61 57, Fax: +51 1 433 62 32, E-mail: carcamo@u.washington.edu
Issues: It is necessary to determine the status and trends of the HIV epidemic in Per. Sentinel surveillance in specific populations is an affordable and adequate tool for monitoring the HIV epidemic. Description: Universal syphilis screening for mothers at first antenatal control and at time of delivery was implemente
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC714)
Denning P, Nakashima AK, Wortley P; P. Denning, Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E47, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 2044, Fax: +1 404 639 2980, E-mail: pbdo@cdc.gov
Background: Outbreaks of sexually transmitted diseases among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) have recently been reported in several cities in the United States , suggesting that high-risk sexual behavior may be increasing among these men. Methods: Between January 1995 and December 1998, we interviewed 5,09
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC715)
Dukers N, de Wit J, Goudsmit J, Coutinho R; N. Dukers, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 100, 1018 WT, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 555 5524, Fax: +31 20 555 5533, E-mail: ndukers@gggd.amsterdam.nl
Background: The positive effect of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) may result in a relapse in sexual risk behavior, increasing the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD s). We examined among homosexual men (HM) 1) trends in sexual behavior and STD s before and after the introduction o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC716)
Stall R, Catania J, Osmond D, Mills T, Binson D, Pollack L, Paul J; R. Stall, CAPS, 74 New Montgomery St, 6th Floor, San Fransisco, Ca 94105, United States, Tel.: +1 415 597 91 55, Fax: +1 415 597 91 25, E-mail: rstall@psg.ucsf.edu
Objectives: To describe the distribution of HIV infection in the first household-based sample (N = 2881) of MSM residents of Chicago, Los Angeles, New York and San Francisco Methods: A household-based sample (N = 2881) of areas of the four cities shown to have a density of MSM residents of 1.6% or greater was taken usi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC717)
Jorge S, Russell K, Carcamo C, Negrete M, Paredes A, Galvan R, Chiappe M; S. Jorge, Peruvian STD/AIDS Control Program, Ernesto Montagne 114, Aurora - Miraflores, Lima 18, Peru, Tel.: +51 1 447 2697, Fax: +51 1 332 2295, E-mail: jsanchez@minsa.gob.pe
Issues: The HIV epidemic in Peru is almost exclusively sexually driven, and 48% of all AIDS cases reported in the country through December 1999 correspond to Men who have Sex with Men (MSM). Previous studies in Lima show that this population has a high prevalence; however no data is available for MSM in other cities o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC718)
Calzavara L, Burchell A, Major C, Remis R, Corey P, Myers T, Wallace E, Millson M; L. Calzavara, McMurrich Building, 3rd Floor, 12 Queen's Park Crescent West, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada, Tel.: +(416) 978-4643, Fax: +(416) 971-2704, E-mail: liviana.calzavara@utoronto.ca
Objective: To estimate incidence density by risk category among repeat testers in Ontario s diagnostic HIV-testing database. Methods: Persons who underwent voluntary, diagnostic HIV testing 2+ times in the period between 1992-98 (data unavailable before 1992) were identified using computerized and manual linkage based
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC719)
Ostrow DG, Fox K, Chmiel JS, Silvestre A, Visscher BR, Vanable P, Jacobson LP, Strathdee SA; D. G. Ostrow, Howard Brown Health Center, 4334 N. Hazel Street, Room 106, Chicago, IL 60613, United States, Tel.: +1 773 525 0246, Fax: +1 773 525 0387, E-mail: dostrow@interaccess.com
Objective: To determine if attitudes towards HAART are associated with unprotected anal sex among HIV- and HIV+ gay men. Methods: Gay men enrolled in the MACS in 1984-85 or 1987-91 underwent semi-annual surveys, HIV tests and laboratory assays. In 1999, men completed a 20-item pre-validated scale on attitudes towards H
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC720)
Fylkesnes K, Musonda RM, Sichone M, Ndhlovu Z, Monze M, Tembo F, Phiri S, Malamba C; K. Fylkesnes, University of Troms°, Institute of Community Medicine, Seiersbjerget 11a, 5018 Bergen, Norge, Tel.: +47 553 281 04, E-mail: knut.fylkesnes@ism.uit.no
Objectives: Examine trends in HIV prevalence and links to change in sexual behaviour in Zambia . Methods: The data stem from the core national epidemiological HIV surveillance and research system in Zambia: i) the epidemiological HIV sentinel surveillance at antenatal clinics (ESS) being operative since early 1990s; i
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC721)
Stoneburner R; R. Stoneburner, Corpus Partners Ltd, 4 Chemin des Cotes, 1297 Founex, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 22 776 85 22, Fax: +41 22 776 87 14, E-mail: StoneburnerR@WHO.CH
Background: To perform analyses of HIV trend and behavioral data from countries in East and Southern Africa. To test the hypothesis that HIV prevalence declines in Uganda are unique and associated with different levels of AIDS attitudes and behaviors. Methods: We analyzed HIV prevalence at ANC surveillance sites betwe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC722)
Schwarcz S, Hsu LC, Vittinghoff E, Katz M, McFarland W; S. Schwarcz, 25 Van Ness, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States, Tel.: +1 415 554 9134, Fax: +1 415 431 0353, E-mail: Sandy_Schwarcz@dph.sf.ca.us
Background: Declines in AIDS deaths in the United States were first observed in 1996 and attributed in part to use of protease inhibitors (PI) and other antiretroviral therapies (ART). In 1997, the rate of decline of AIDS deaths slowed, suggesting that the effect of treatment may have waned.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC723)
Holmberg S, Palella F, Moorman A, Chmiel J, Chan C, Investigators H; S. Holmberg, MSE - 45 CDC, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +404 639 61 54, Fax: +404 639 61 27, E-mail: sdh1@cdc.gov
Objectives and Methods: To evaluate recent trends in HIV morbidity and mortality we analyzed data from visits of 5006 patients to 8 private and 2 public HIV clinics (the HIV Outpatient Study [HOPS]) from 1/94 to 9/99. We calculated death and opportunistic infection (OI) rates among 1607 patients with a CD4+ cell count
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC724)
Gupta S, Dingley SD, Evans BG; S. Gupta, Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 181 200 6868, Fax: +44 181 200 7868, E-mail: sgupta@phls.nhs.uk
Background: in 1995, a national CD4 surveillance scheme was initiated with the participation of 55 laboratories throughout England and Wales in order to monitor trends in immunosuppression in HIV infected adults. Methods: Adults with diagnosed HIV infection between 1990 and 1999 who had a record in the CD4 database of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC725)
Hanson J, Hassig SE, Rice JC, Farley TA; J. Hanson, Tulane University, 4225 Camp St, New Orleans, LA, 70115, United States, Tel.: +504-568-5013, Fax: +504-568-5760, E-mail: hans117w@yahoo.com
Background: The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of HIV seroconversion in STD clinic patients, specifically the potential role of ulcerative and non-ulcerative STD in HIV transmission. Methods: We conducted a medical record-based analysis of a cohort of individuals attending a New Orleans STD clin
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC726)
Gwanzura L, Machekano R, Bassett M, Latif A, Mason P, Katzenstein D;;; L. Gwanzura, Dept. of Medical Laboratory Technology, UZ, Box A178, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel.: +263 4 79 16 31, E-mail: dmlt@healthnet.zw
Background: HSV-2 is likely the most common cause of genital ulceration in Zimbabwe and may contribute to increased transmission of HIV. We examined HIV1 and HSV2 co-infection patterns within married couples and associated risk factors. Methods: HIV and HSV2 serostatus of female partners of men participating in an HIV
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC727)
Moses S, Ngugi EN, Costigan A, Kariuki C, Ronald AR, MacLean I, Plummer FA; S. Moses, University of Manitoba, Dept. of Medical Microbiology, 730 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R36, Canada, Tel.: +1 204 789 3357, Fax: +1 204 789 3926, E-mail: smoses@cc.umanitoba.ca
Background: An HIV/STD surveillance program was established in 3 health centres in Nairobi to monitor the impact of an intervention program in the clinics and their catchment areas consisting of: 1) improved primary level STD services; and 2) peer-mediated community HIV/STD prevention programs for female sex workers. M
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC728)
Kharsany AB, Mahabeer Y, Connolly C, Sturm AW; A.B.M. Kharsany, University of Natal, Dept of Medical Microbiology, Private Bag 7, Congella 4013, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 260 4395, Fax: +27 31 260 4431, E-mail: Kharsany@med.und.ac.za
Background: GUD is an established risk factor for HIV transmission. In contrast, how HIV infection influences the transmissability of GUD pathogens is unknown. We report on a change in prevalence of GUD in STD clinic attenders from a population with a high prevalence of HIV infection. Methods: A precoded questionnaire
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC729)
Alami K, Mahjour J, Khattabi H, Bennani A, El Aouad R, Hancali A, Ghidinelli MN; K. Alami, National AIDS Control Programme Ministry of Health, 14, rue Ibn El Haitam, Avenue Oukba, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco, Tel.: +212 7 77 86 25, Fax: +212 7 77 86 25, E-mail: kaalami@sante.gov.ma
Background: Morbidity related to STIs has been constantly increasing in recent years in Morocco , where more than two thirds of reported cases occur in women. Effectiveness of STI services has been improved by introducing syndromic management of symptomatic cases throughout the PHC system. Furthermore, the issue of RTI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC730)
Amin A, Sweat M; A. Amin, 30 Cottage Street, Apt. 2, New Haven, CT 06511, United States, Tel.: +1 203 562 7356, Fax: +1 203 562 7356, E-mail: aamin@jhsph.edu
Background: Prompt and effective treatment of STIs is an important intervention for STI and HIV control in India , which is experiencing a rapidly growing HIV epidemic. Among women there is low or delayed treatment-seeking for STIs because they are asymptomatic, or there is low perceived need for treatment.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC743)
Porta D, Rapiti E, Forastiere F, Perucci CA; D. Porta, Via S. Costanza, 53, 00198 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 0651 686 470, Fax: +39 0651 686 463, E-mail: sida_oer@sirio.regione.lazio.it
Background: After the introduction of the new highly antiretroviral therapies (HAART), differences in the rate of progression to AIDS according to the different AIDS defining event have been suggested. We analysed a HIV prevalent cohort of the Lazio Region in Italy to evaluate the extent of these differences. Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC744)
Gaud C, Poubeau P, Contant M, Hemery P, Dessart Y, Arvin Berod C, Beral JM; C. Gaud, CISIH de la Reunion, CHD Felix Guyon, Immunologie Clinique, Route de Bellepierre, 97405 ST Denis Cedex, REunion, Tel.: +262 905 560, Fax: +262 907 726, E-mail: immuno@chd-fguyon.fr
Background: Reunion Island is an Overseas French Territory in the Indian Ocean (pop: 700.000) who benefits from the French Social Security system and of a full access to treatments registered in France . The first HIV case was registered in 1987. There are 2 types of patients: either locally contaminated
Background: It is essential that information about the uptake and impact of HAART is routinely available to those responsible for purchasing and providing health care for HIV infected persons. Accordingly, a new approach to the surveillance of known HIV infected individuals in Scotland has been adopted by the Scottish
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC746)
Tarwater PM, Munoz A, Mellors J, Gore ME, Margolick JB, Phair J, Detels R; P.M. Tarwater, Dept. Epidemiology JHU Sch of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street Rm E7139, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 955 4320, Fax: +1 410 955 7587, E-mail: ptarwate@jhsph.edu
Objective: In analyses of the effectiveness of ART in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), we compared the results obtained by two different methods: adjusting for the duration of HIV infection vs. adjusting for baseline disease markers (HIV-1 RNA and CD4 cell count). Methods: After characterizing treatment eras b
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC763)
Moses S, Kaul R, Nguge EN, Kimane S, Bwayo SS, Fonck K, MacDonald KS, Temmerman M, Plummer FA; S. Moses, University of Manitoba, Dept. of Medical Microbiology, 730 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R36, Canada, Tel.: +1 204 789 3357, Fax: +1 204 789 3926, E-mail: smoses@cc.umanitoba.ca
Background: STI are common in FSWs, increase HIV susceptibility, and are often asymptomatic and difficult to treat promptly. Appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis may therefore reduce STI acquisition, thus reducing risk of HIV infection. We designed a clinical trial to assess if antibiotic prophylaxis reduces HIV acquisit
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC764)
Deville W, Barakbah Y, Laga M, Didik Y, Trioga RS, Suesen N, Atasiati S; W. Deville, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorstraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 444 81 66, Fax: +31 20 444 83 94, E-mail: w.deville.social@med.vu.nl
Background: 1-To study the STD rates over one year in Sex Workers (SWs) exposed in different degrees to a peer health education progra-mme. 2- To study the impact of a two-monthly STD screening and treatment programme in women complying with the schedule. Methods: Information was collected among Peer Health Educators
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC765)
Kambugu FS, Jacobs B, Lwanga A, Ochwo M, Cutler JR, Tifft S, Pool R, Whitworth JA; F.S.K. Kambugu, Ministry of Health, STD/AIDS Control Programme, PO Box 7272, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 53 4074, Fax: +256 41 25 8981, E-mail: cutler@imul.com
Background: HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are epidemic in Uganda . STDs reversibly enhance the sexual transmission of HIV, hence, improved STD management is a major strategy to prevent sexual transmission of HIV. In Uganda, most men with urethral discharge syndrome (MUD) treat themselves late and se
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC766)
Kissinger P, Niccolai LM, Miller MD, Myers L, Richardson G, Dorst D, Ayoub M, Farley TA, Peterman TA; P. Kissinger, Tulane University - School of Public Health, HOP, 136 S. Roman Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States, Tel.: +1 504 568 7306, Fax: +1 504 568 5313, E-mail: kissing@tulane.edu
Objective: To assess changes in relationships and behaviors after partner notification (PN) for HIV, and to compare these changes to PN for syphilis. Methods: Individuals were eligible if they received PN services for a diagnosis of HIV infection or syphilis or if they were sex partners who were notified of their poten
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC767)
Mwilima S;;; S. Mwilima, NACOP-Ministry of Health & Social Services, P.O. Box 22331-Bachbrecht, Windhoek, Namibia, Tel.: +264-61-2032198, Fax: +264-61-224155, E-mail: nacp@iafica.com.na
Objective: To evaluate a supervision tool for Syndromic Management of STD, designed by the National AIDS Co-ordination Programme of the Ministry of Health and Social Services. Method: A supervisory tool, consisting of a 2-page checklist was designed by NACOP. This tool was used during joint supervisory visits, carried
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrC768)
Gorter A, Segura Z, Zuniga E, Torrentes R, Sandiford P; A. Gorter, Inst Centroamericano de la Salud (ICAS), Apartado Postal 2691, Managua, Nicaragua, Tel.: +505-2700252, Fax: +505-2770178, E-mail: agorter@ibw.com.ni
Background: Nicaragua is still at an early stage of the AIDS epidemic, when strategies directed at groups with high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STI) are highly cost effective. Methods: In 1995 a programme was designed to increase uptake of health services by sex workers (SW) of Managua, their partners and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD678)
Gouws E, Abdool Karim Q, Frohlich J, Abdool Karim S; E. Gouws, Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 17120, Congella (Durban), 4013, South Africa, Tel.: +27-31-202 0777, Fax: +27-31-202 0950, E-mail: eleanor.gouws@mrc.ac.za
Issues: The feasibility of conducting phase III vaccine trials depends on high HIV sero-prevalence and incidence rates, feasibility of long-term follow-up, and the willingness of a community to participate in research.In preparation for phase III HIV vaccine trials in a rural community in South Africa , we
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD679)
Jermano J; J. Jermano, VaxGen, Inc, 1000 Marina Blvd, 2nd Floor, Brisbane, CA, United States, Tel.: +1 650 624 10 00, Fax: +1 650 624 10 01, E-mail: jjermano@vaxgen.com
Issues: Phase II studies suggest that HIV vaccine efficacy trial volunteers may experience stigmatization (through disclosure of high-risk group membership), discrimination (from misinterpretation of HIV serologic tests), and amplification of risk-taking behavior (due to misperceptions of vaccine efficacy). Based on th
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD680)
Whittington D, Matsui O, Freiberger J, Pattanayak S, Van Houtven G; D. Whittington, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Public Health, Rosenau Hall CB#7400, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 76 45, Fax: +1 919 966 76 46, E-mail: dale_whittington@unc.edu
This paper presents the first estimates of individual economic demand in a developing country for a vaccine that would provide lifetime protection against HIV/AIDS infection. The results are based on an in-person survey of 240 adults (18-60 years of age) conducted in Guadalajara, Mexico in November, 1999. Responden
Background: Since 1988, IDUs in Bangkok have experienced a severe epidemic of HIV infection with a sustained annual incidence rate of 6%. Previous studies have suggested that this population is highly motivated to participate in HIV vaccine trials. In March 1999, a phase III trial was initiated among 2500 IDUs to evalu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD682)
Khamboonruang C, Natpratan P, Borwornsin S, Beyrer C, Srirak N, McNeil J, Renzullo P, Benenson M, Natpratan C; C. Khamboonruang, Office of Communicable Disease Control, Region 10, 447 Lampoon Road, Muang District, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 53 273 361, Fax: +66 53 271 020, E-mail: chawalit@cm.ksc.co.th
Objectives: In order to mount Phase III HIV vaccine efficacy trials, large numbers of volunteers need to be approached, offered counseling, screened for HIV infection, and retained at high rates. We developed and implemented a Health Fair approach to establish large community-based seroincidence cohorts in northern
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD683)
Wanjau E, Mays VM, Cochran SD; E. Wanjau, University of California, Department of Psychology, Box 951563, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Tel.: +1 310 206 51 59, Fax: +1 310 206 58 95, E-mail: ewanjau@ucla.edu
Background: In the quest to develop a vaccine that will prevent new HIV infections, a major concern, in addition to biological efficacy, is that of difficulties in recruiting sufficient numbers of high risk subjects for vaccine trials. Method: We examined factors associated with intentions to volunteer for HIV-related
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD684)
Luna-Cardena A, Saavedra-Lopez J, Mejia-Fonseca H, Egremy-Men di vil G, Uribe-Zuniga P, Moncada M; A. Luna-Cardena, Astronomos # 38-1, Col. Escandon, Mexico D.F. 11800, Mexico, Tel.: +52 527 373 08, Fax: +52 551 555 83, E-mail: anuar_luna@hotmail.com
Issues: Although the HIV epidemic in Mexico illustrates a mixed pattern of HIV infections, the predominant source of HIV infection is sexual and nearly 90% of infections are found in men. MSM still represent the highest proportion of infected persons in Mexico. Backrooms are closed social spaces that allow for anonymou
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD685)
Bebbington M, Gray B, McInnes D, Allan B, Bollen J, Prestage G; M. Bebbington, AIDS Council of New South Wales, PO Box 350, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia, Tel.: +61 9206 2082, Fax: +61 9206 2609, E-mail: mbebbington@acon.org.au
Issues: This action research project was established to research and develop health education interventions for men who use sex on premises venues (saunas, bathhouses and backrooms). The project consisted of three phases including research and development, trial of education strategies and evaluation of education strat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD686)
Calzavara L, Haubrich DJ, Ryder K, Myers T; L. Calzavara, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, McMurrich Building, 3rd Floor, 12 Queen's Park Crescent West, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada, Tel.: +(416) 978-4643, Fax: +(416) 971-2704, E-mail: liviana.calzavara@utoronto.ca
Objective: To provide an understanding of how men appraise sex in a bathhouse and its relationship to HIV. Method: 23 men (14 HIV+, 9 HIV-) aged 21 to 59 who have had sex at a bathhouse were selected from the Polaris Seroconversion Study. Polaris is a prospective qualitative and quantitative study of recent seroconvert
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD687)
Imperial R, Hernandez L; R. Imperial, University of the Philippines Manila, College Of Arts And Sciences, Padre Faura Street, Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines, Tel.: +63 2 526 58 59, Fax: +63 2 526 91 65, E-mail: reyimp@mail.upm.edu.ph
Issues: While the Philippines currently maintains a low HIV/AIDS prevalence rate, epidemiological studies have shown that it is possible to spread to the general population at increased rates from among identified vulnerable groups - monogamous females and men who have sex with men. This has been shown by the fact tha
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD688)
Caceres CF, Chequer P; C.F. Caceres, Cayetano Heredia University, Av. Honorio Delgado 430, San Martin de Porres, Lima 31, Peru, Tel.: +51 190 943 83, Fax: + 51 126 405 85, E-mail: ccaceres@upch.edu.pe
Background: The magnitude and significance of the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), has not been carefully considered, and its policy implications in the region have not been assessed. Methods: Data from three sources were reviewed: (1) AIDS case reporting to P
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD689)
Singh KV; K. V. Singh, Development, Advocacy and Research Trust (DART), 143 A, 2nd Floor, Gujar Dairy, Gautam Nagar 110 049, India, Tel.: +911 165 611 28, E-mail: kvsingh1@hotmail.com
Issue: HIV/STD risk reduction amongst resource poor MSM (males having sex with males) in Delhi, India . Description of the Project: MSM are the most discriminated and harassed group without access to medical, health, and other support services. The project methodology is based on 3 important components and principles:
Aim: The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the caregiving experience from the perspective of girl children involved in home based care of family members living with AIDS. Method: Face to face, in-depth interviews were conducted with 23 rural girls aged 11 to 16 who were secondary caregivers of a relativ
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD691)
Bischofberger I; I. Bischofberger, Institut of Nursing Science, University Street 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany, Tel.: +49 521 106 48 14, Fax: +49 521 106 64 37, E-mail: irenbischofberger@csi.com
Humour has been discussed as a concept and an intervention strategy in health care professions such as psychotherapy, psychology, nursing, and other disciplines. However, in the HIV and AIDS family care literature, the phenomena of humour is almost non existent. Although positive appraisals for family members during c
Issue: Caring for a Person Living with AIDS is very noble and requires commitment from the caregiver. To care for someone with AIDS is handful of job. A caregiver is a case manager as well. As a caregiver, one has to be well equipped with the skills of giving the practical help and support to someone with AIDS. You oug
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD694)
Poindexter C; C. Poindexter, Boston University, School of Social Work, 264 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215, United States, Tel.: +1 617 353 77 21, Fax: +1 617 353 56 12, E-mail: ccp@bu.edu
Issue: Family members are typically the primary source of emotional and physical support for adults and children with HIV in the U.S.; many of these informal caregivers are parents and grandparents over the age of who are caring for adult children or minor grandchildren with HIV disease. Elderly caregivers face the usu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD695)
Bayer R, Oppenheimer G; R. Bayer, Columbia University, 600 West 168th Street, New York, N.Y. 10032, United States, Tel.: +1 212 305 1957, Fax: +1 212 305 6832, E-mail: rb8@columbia.edu
Issues: Early in the AIDS epidemic those physicians who were drawn to the care of patients were motivated by deep commitments stemming from sexual identification, concern for the marginalized and an interest in confronting a grave threat to the public health. In commiting themselves, they had to confront great sufferin
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD706)
Lloyd-Sherlock P, Barnett T; P. Lloyd-Sherlock, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44-1603-592 327, Fax: +44-1603-592 327, E-mail: p.lloyd-sherlock@uea.ac.uk
HIV/AIDS is rapidly altering the demographic structure of many societies and threatens to undermine traditional exchange practices. This will be particularly significant for children and older people. Both suffer from forms of vulnerability and the loss of a principal carer can have serious consequences. But older peop
Issues: Young children have become the primary Caregivers in some homes in the slums of Nairobi. The children are assuming the role of being parent in caring for their sick parent and younger siblings. How are these children to cope with all the stresses and pressures that are placed on them as being the Primary Caregi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD708)
Maphumulo MN; M.N. Maphumulo, Natal University, P. O. Box 2949, Durban 4000, South Africa, Tel.: +27 835 445 157, E-mail: 981201713@stu.und.ac.za
Issues: Changes in traditional household and community structures, particularly the disintegration of the extended family and kinship based communities as well as lack of supplementary/alternative support structures intensifies the impact of HIV/AIDS. Discription: The aim of this report is to scrutinise the impact of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD731)
Mtetwa P, Abrahams J; P. Mtetwa, AIDS Law Project, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS; 2050, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 403 6918/9, Fax: +27 11 403 2341, E-mail: 125ph3mt@solon.law.wits.ac.za
Issues: Throughout the history of the HIV epidemic, lesbians, gay men, transgendered people and bisexuals (lgbt) have been at the forefront of educating society about HIV/AIDS, caring for the sick, burying friends and family members, and advocating for treatment. But today, a greater crisis faces the lgbt communities:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD732)
De Groulard M, Sealy G, Russell-Brown P, Wagner H-U, O'Neil C, Camara B; M. De Groulard, CAREC / PAHO / WHO, 16-18 Jamaica Boulevard, PO Box 164, Port of Spain, Trinidad And Tobago, Tel.: +1 868 622 2153, Fax: +1 868 622 9585, E-mail: degroumi@carec.paho.org
Background: Men play a key role in HIV transmission in the Caribbean, being the group most affected (AIDS sex ratio 2:1). Sexual contacts between men appear to be a major contributor. Homosexuality is a criminal offence, highly stigmatised and perceived as a delinquent behaviour. Individuals are driven underground, so
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD733)
Cochran SD, Mays VM; S.D. Cochran, UCLA School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Box 951772, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, United States, Tel.: +1 310 206 9310, Fax: +1 310 206 6039, E-mail: cochran@ucla.edu
Background: Many lesbians in the United States have experienced multiple losses due to AIDS. The extent to which these women actively participate in AIDS-related community prevention efforts or experience psychological distress secondary to the epidemic has not been well documented. Method: We examined patterns of AID
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD734)
Teh YK, Khartini S; Y.K. Teh, University Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia
Issues: This study tries to gauge the level of HIV/AIDS and condom usage awareness among the transsexuals in Malaysia after much publicity has been given on the issue through the massmedia, and seminars, road shows and out-reach programs organised by Pink Triangle and the Malaysian AIDS Council over the last 10 years.
This study explored how the well-being of the gays and lesbians and bisexuals (GLBs) in Botswana could be promoted. The health and human rights approach that places dignity before rights was selected as a framework for investigation. The respondents ( n = 47) levels of well-being were assessed through a questionnaire
Background: HIV transmission in Chile remains predominantly homosexual. In 1999, men outnumbered women in notified HIV and AIDS cases by 9 to 1, the highest ratio in Latin America. Seroprevalence rates have been estimated at 20-25% among the gay-identified male population of the capital, Santiago. Although most prevent
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD737)
Gapiya J; J. Gapiya, ANSS, PO Box 4152, Rohero II, Avenue Moso 28, Bujumbura, Burundi, Tel.: +257 24 15 01, Fax: +257 24 15 01, E-mail: anns@cni.cbinf.com
Issues: The National NGO for Support to PWAs in Burundi (A.N.S.S. Burundi) has chosen to have PWAs as testing counsellors. At first, our NGO had set up sensitisation programmes in which PWAs were calling for early testing. Some of our members had been living with HIV for more than ten years. They set an example that yo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD738)
Cruz J, Castro L, Romero J, Flores G; J. Cruz, Prosa, Paseo De La Republica 1583 - 2ND FLOOR., Lima 09 -URB. Matellini, PERU, Peru, Tel.: +511-4672502, Fax: +511-2417364, E-mail: juliocruz3@latinmail.com
The problem: Living with HIV/AIDS in Peru is characterized by lack of access to timely information for diagnosis and treatment during the process of the infection,lack of programs for emotional support,absence of a network of health services for HIV+ people;insufficient involment of the people living with HIV in the d
Issue: The low prevalence of HIV infection in the Philippines makes the role of PLHAs particularly important. More than anyone else they convey the message that HIV is real and it can affect anyone. Description: Support from UNAIDS was received by Positive Action Foundation Philippines, Inc.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD740)
Feldman R, Maposhere C; R. Feldman, South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 2 7815 5772, Fax: +44 2 7815 8099, E-mail: r.feldman@sbu.ac.uk
HIV positive women have identified the need to consider positive women s reproductive health beyond the context of vertical transmission and antenatal surveillance. Voices and Choices is a research and advocacy project, developed by the International Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS which attempts to identify an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD741)
Tambala MA;;; M. A. Tambala, C/O Naphan, Private Bag 355, Lilongwe, 3, Malawi, Tel.: +265 781 374
Objectives: To asses the effectiveness and impact of HIV/AIDS Education in companies. Methods: 13 Volunteers are employed on a contract basis and are laced in different companies and hospitals. The volunteers are full time counselors and educators on HIV/AIDS. Their responsibilities are sharing experiences of living po
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD742)
Johnson V, Bain J; V.Johnson, Just Cause, 46 Trinity Place, Albany, New York 12202, United States, Tel.: 518.433.0759, Fax: 518.262.2169, E-mail: vjohn@nycap.rr.com
Issue: How to increase the capacity of African American HIV positive women so that they can participate in the local HIV community planning process as effective community leaders. Description: Catch A Rising Star is a collaborative effort of the Capital District African American Coalition (on AIDS), the Albany Medical
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD769)
Marques L, Bharti M, Purohit A; L. Marques, FXB-Asha Sadan, E-72 Chitranjarm Marg, C-Scheme, Jaipur, 32005, India, Tel.: +91.141.372.216, Fax: +91.141.360.437, E-mail: rishisaxena@hotmail.com
Issues: Though FXB-Asha Sadan s work has been valued and deemed effective by many, it must be considered an interim and band-aid solution to the real problem of inadequate attention to the issue of orphans on the part of the larger society. In the meantime, the Centre must continue to find ways and means of responding
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD770)
Swartzendruber A, Schroeder D; A. Swartzendruber, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, 957 Church Street, Decatur, GA, 30030, United States, Tel.: +404-373-7131, E-mail: zpi7@cdc.gov
The number of children orphaned by AIDS is increasing drastically. It is becoming increasingly difficult for traditional systems of care in sub-Saharan Africa to cope. Few published studies have examined programs to support orphans in countries severely affected by HIV/AIDS. We compare two types of care-taking programs
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD771)
Kitonsa Namutebi E, Antivelink L, Kajura CA, Opolot JA, Kaleebu P; E. Kitonsa Namutebi, Taso/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Naki Wogo Road POBox 49 Entebbe, Entebbe, Uganda, Tel.: +256 413 200 42, Fax: +256 413 211 37, E-mail: pkaleebu@infocom.co.ug
Background: AIDS has created a number of orphans, it is estimated that there are more than one and half million AIDS orphans in Uganda . While extended families have traditionally taken care of these orphaned children, these traditional structures are increasingly burdened by the number. It is therefore important to s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD772)
Foster G, Makufa C; G. Foster, Family AIDS Caring Trust, Box 970, Mutare, Zimbabwe, Tel.: +263 20 616 48, Fax: +263 20 652 81, E-mail: gfoster@healthnet.zw
Background: Indicators of saturation of the extended family safety net are presented using published data. Traditionally, paternal aunts and uncles were the main caregivers. Grandparents and distant relatives are now frequently caregivers due to social change and high orphan prevalence. Measures of safety net strength
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD773)
Reynolds H, Barnard AE; H. Reynolds, PO Box 331, Cato Ridge 3680, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 782 14 17, E-mail: gga@wandata.com
Issues: As a result of AIDS in KwaZulu Natlal, hundreds of children are left homeless, abandoned in hospitals or living with elderly relatives who cannot give them adequate care. At present there is no formal service set up in South Africa to cope with this problem. Description: This paper discusses a project running
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD774)
Osoo G; G. Osoo, PO Box 2381, Kisumu, Kenya, Tel.: +254 3 852 21 00
Background Information: All children in the world whether orphans or not are entitled to their rights which include Survival, Development, Participation and protection. The community structure that is immediately responsible for this is the family where the parents ensure that all the basic needs are accessible to the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD775)
Nassozi J, Bunnell R, Nabeta B, Mubangizi J, Musoke N, Bahizi J, Kibuuka M, Kalule J; J.Nassozi, AIDS Information Centre, Musajja Alumbwa Rd Plot 1321, P.O. Box 10446, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256-77-200-529, E-mail: rbunnell@infocom.co.ug
Background: In 1998, 1549 (14%) of couples who presented for voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) at the AIDS Information Centre (AIC) after having sex together were HIV discordant. Maintaining risk reduction within discordant couples presents a special challenge for counsellors and for couples themselves. Methods:
Background: The ignorance of society and health care providers, lack of social support organisations and lethargy of the legal system causes many HIV +ve couples to face social and cultural problems which cannot be discussed and remain simmering below the surface. Method: During periodical counseling sessions at the AI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD777)
Sirirojn B, Srirak N, Duengsong C, Upsornthanasombut T, Nagklinkul S, Natpratan C, Khamboonruang C, Beyrer C, Celenatno D; B. Sirirojn, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, PO Box 80 CMU, Thailand, Tel.: +66-53-221966, Fax: +66-53-221849, E-mail: plange@loxinfo.co.th
Background: Stable couples rarely use condoms for HIV prevention in daily life. However, it is necessary for HIV-discordant couples to use condoms to prevent sexually transmitting HIV. The aim of this study was to promote and sustain condom use among HIV - discordant couples in a setting with a high prevalence of commu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD778)
Kaddu Mukasa AC, Matovu S; A. C. Kaddu Mukasa, The Aids Support Organisation TASO Mulago, PO Box 114 85, Kampala -41, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 530 034, Fax: +256 41 541 999 Att Wandegeya, E-mail: tasomul@infocom.co.ug
Objectives: To explore the psychosocial problems sorounding discordant couples in Uganda . Method: Information was gathered from individual counselling sessions at Adult & Paediatric ISS clinics. Home visits to homes of discordant TASO clients, reading daily News papers in local & English language. Questionnair
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD779)
Bagurukira E, Kiwanuka A, Bakaki P, Kamya M, Guay L, Mmiro F; E. Bagurukira, MU-JHU Research Collaboration, PO Box 23491, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 541 044, Fax: +256 41 541 044, E-mail: mujhu@afsat.com
Background: It usually takes time for HIV infection to be transmitted from the index partner to the other, therefore condom use may halt HIV transmission. And yet condom use is poorly accepted or inappropriately used in developing countries. The index partner usually passes infection to the other partner in the process
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD780)
Gbodossou E; E. Gbodossou, BP 6134, Dakar Etoile, Senegal, Senegal, Tel.: (+221) 832-2850, Fax: (+221) 832-5749, E-mail: erickg@codata.refer.sn
Issue: In sub-Saharan Africa 85% of the population utilize the services of traditional healers. The necessity to train healers as Information, Education and Communication agents is imperative in the battle against HIV/AIDS. Description: Modern medicine is characterized by several deficiencies. WHO recommends 1 physicia
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD781)
Kabatesi D, King R, Nakyanzi T, Mwebe D; D. Kabatesi, PO Box 21175, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 530 619, Fax: +256 41 530 619, E-mail: msftheta@imul.com
Issues: Traditional healers (THs) are often the first level health care providers accessible to the majority of the population in rural Africa. There is little attention paid to this cadre of health care providers to maximise efforts to control HIV/AIDS. Description: This paper will outline the findings of a consultati
Background: In June 1999 with funds from a public collections initiative coined chain of shillings Programme . TAPWAK started a Western and Traditional Herbal Medicine Clinic at TAPWAK Ugunja, Siaya District. The Programme was to help establish a combined medicinal efficacy or benefit to a population of 500 men and wo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrD783)
Nnaluyange MS, Kiganda A, Ssebuyira E, Ssekagya Y; M. S. Nnaluyange, Concern Worldwide, PO Box 97, Buwama-Mpigi, Uganda, Fax: +256 481 205 14
Issue: With increasing costs of western drugs and decreasing availability of them in Health Units in Uganda , herbal medicine is seen as an appropriate alternative in addressing some health problems of PWAs in resource poor communities. Description: The herbal medicine project, initiated in the 2 sub-counties of Mpigi
Issue: Traditional Medicine has proven to be beneficial for HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support. Stigma, myth and mystery, however, are hindering progress in the use and development of traditional practices. This is well illustrated in collaboration programmes with modern health practioners. Description: Traditional
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE651)
Greco D; DirceuGreco, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Rua Goitacazes, 14, 30190-050 Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Tel.: +55 31 848 98 22, Fax: +55 31 273 04 22, E-mail: greco@medicina.ufmg.br
Introduction: vaccines are urgently needed to control HIV but performing trials in the developing world is full of challenges. This urgency is being used in a seemingly concerted effort to lower the standards of the D. of Helsinki especially where it states that best proven methods must be provided to all volunteers. A
Description: HIV vaccine trials, like all medical trials, will have to incorporate the process of informed consent. But most of the guidelines for informed consent have been developed in a Western context and ignore some of the central issues of African culture, and African understandings of personhood. In addition, mu
Issues: This paper will demonstrate how a CAB can bring a community perspective to processes of volunteer recruitment, consent and retention in Phase III trials and that CABs can thereby help management among volunteers and in the community. Mandates exercised by local CABs in a multicentred phase III trial may vary fr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE696)
Finlay C, Lupafya E, Nundwe W, Kamanga P, Phiri M; C. Finlay, CCAP Hospital, PO Box 19 Ekwendeni, Malawi, Tel.: +265 339 339, E-mail: balaj@malawi.net
Issues: The increase of dependant children in the community, without extended family support, had been noted over the past decade by programme staff. However the community members did not identify this as a major issue related to the HIV/AIDS epidemic until 1998. The escalating numbers of orphans prompted community mem
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE697)
Muhyila-Yamba B, Kapwepwe M, Sinyinza M; B. Muhyila-Yamba, Project Concern International, PO Box 32320, Lusaka, Zambia, Tel.: +260 1 228 118, Fax: +260 1 225 741, E-mail: brenda@zamnet.zm
Issue: Communities have begun to realize the need for a collective responsibility in coping with the increasing number of orphans and have also been able to benefit from district counterpart and external partner technical expertise.Project: Project Concern International Zambia (PCIZ) set up a Program of Support to Orph
Background: In 1991, orphan enumeration was carried out in Manicaland Province in Zimbabwe . It was estimated that 6.8% of children under 15 years were orphaned by loss of their father or mother and that there were some 47,000 orphans in the province, with over 99.5% being cared for by their extended family. In 1992 a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE699)
Gilborn L, Nyonyintono R, Kabumbuli R, Jaggwe-Wadda G; L. Gilborn, Horizons Population Council 4301, Connecticut Avenue, NW Suite 280, Washington DC, United States, Tel.: +202 237 94 17, Fax: +202 237 84 10, E-mail: Igilborn@pcdc.org
Backgound: As of the year 2000, there are 15.6 million children orphaned by HIV/AIDS in 23 of the most heavily affected countries. In Uganda , approximately I in 4 children under the age of 15 are orphans. This ongoing study conducted by the Horizons Project of the Population Council examines the impact of an orphan su
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE700)
Monk N;;; N. Monk, 117 Dereham Road, Norwich, NR2 4HS, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 1603 613 735, E-mail: n.monk@uea.ac.uk
Background: Research commissioned by AFXB will be carried out in February 2000 to assess total numbers and special needs of children orphaned as a result of AIDS mortality, in two sub-counties of Luwero District, Uganda . Methods: Studies of households including orphaned children in two areas will be undertaken to est
Issues: Community home-based care for people with AIDS has been advocated as the best alternative that could reduce hospital bed occupancy by AIDS in-patients. It is deemed that apart from reducing competition for hospital-based care against other diseases, family members and friends can provide affection and psycholog
Issues: The complexity of the HIV/AIDS context needs multi-faceted approaches and continual development. The recent holistic strategy is directed towards the inclusion of the community for full participation, the integration of prevention and care, greater involvement of people with AIDS (GIPA), aiming self-sustainabil
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE786)
Floyd L;;; L. Floyd, Gauteng AIDS Unit, Gauteng Provincial Government, Private Bag X085, Marshalltown, 2107, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 355 33 94, Fax: +27 11 355 33 99, E-mail: anthony_kinghorn@abtassoc.co.za
Issues: While Inter-sectoral AIDS responses are currently advocated, experience with fully developed Inter-sectoral programmes is limited. The presentation aims to share the experience of the Gauteng provincial Inter-sectoral programme. Description: The paper describes the systematic development of a comprehensive, Int
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE787)
Bonne D; D. Bonne, Northwest AIDS Foundation, Suite 200, 127 Broadway Avenue East, Seattle, WA 98102, United States, Tel.: +1 206 86 62 29, Fax: +1 26 325 26 89, E-mail: dianeb@nwaids.org
Issues: In the USA, HIV prevention system and HIV/AIDS care services system are funded by two separate federal agencies, both of which ask that local community planning groups for prevention and care collaborate with one another. Yet, there are multiple barriers to collaboration, and few models of meaningful collaborat
Issues: This approach takes into consideration that it is not only the health offices that are concerned with HIV/AIDS epidemic and that all the other actors are affected, motably those of the rural world where populations lacking in all information on the prevention and education on HIV/AIDS are concentrated. It devel
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE789)
Rwomushana J; J. Rwomushana, Uganda AIDS Commission, PO Box 10779, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 273 538, Fax: +256 41 258 713, E-mail: runakuy@hotmail.com
Issue: Effective multisectoral coordination by the Uganda AIDS Commission (UAC) . contributed significantly to successes against HIV/AIDS. The UAC was established in the office of the President in 1990. Re-location of UAC to the Ministry of Health (MoH) was recommended in 1997. The new positioning has potential for gr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE790)
Mayorga R, Chiclayo E, Calderon C, Vasquez S, Melindez G, Nunez C, Zelaya E; R. Mayorga, 6 Avenida 1-63 Zona 1, Guatemala City 01001, Guatemala, Tel.: +502 220 13 32, Fax: +502 232 10 21, E-mail: oasis@gua.gbm.net
Issue: In 1998 most countries in Central America started a process of National Strategic Planning on HIV/AIDS, sponsored by UNAIDS and other international cooperation agencies. Involvement of the civil society and of PWAs in these plans has varied in these countries. The experience of the Intersectorial Coordination A
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE791)
Thomas J, White B, Paxton S, Wong B, Maluwa M, Toh P; J. Thomas, Deakin University, School of Health Sciences/ FHBS, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia, Tel.: +61 3 92 44 69 35, Fax: +61 3 92 44 65 45, E-mail: joe@deakin.edu.au
This report presents the findings of a four-country ( India , Indonesia , Philippines and Thailand ) consultation with 82 stakeholders consisting of academics, people living with HIV/AIDS, legal experts, AIDS program managers,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE792)
Arauz R; R. Arauz, Fundacion Nimehuatzin, UCA 1c. arriba 1c. al Sur No.68, Managua, Nicaragua, Nicaragua, Tel.: +(505) 278-00-28, Fax: +(505) 278-65-34, E-mail: nimehuat@ibw.com.ni
Topic: The promotion of anti-discrimination HIV legislation as a way to create a HHRR and provide a legal and ethical framework to facilitate an adequate response to the epidemic in Nicaragua . Description: A broad-based, participatory method aimed at consensus building was implemented throughout the entire process of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE793)
Panebianco Labbe S; S. Panebianco Labbe, Salud y Justicia, Ed. 29, Depto 802. Villa Olimpica, C.P. 14020, Mexico, Tel.: +52 5 606 1810, Fax: +52 5 606 1810, E-mail: petisa@laneta.apc.org
Issues: The legislation review and reform, promoted recently, in order to protect PWA s of discrimination, has proved to be insufficient. However the improvement of law, has been considered an efficient strategy to protect PWA s human rights, discrimination continues, and this changes exists only in law, but haven t af
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThOrE794)
Heywood M; M. Heywood, AIDS Law Projectprivate Bag 3, Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: 27 11 403 6918, Fax: 27 11 403 2341, E-mail: 125ma3he@solon.alw.wits.ac.za
Issues: In the early years of the AIDS epidemic in industrialized countries much of the discrimination against people with HIV/AIDS was based upon homophobia, moral prejudice and irrationality. By contrast, discrimination and human rights violations in developing countries are increasingly characterized by the prerogat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4971)
Wutoh A, Brown C, Alie N, Jones T, Powell N, Kumoji EK; A. Wutoh, Howard University, 2300 4th St. NW, Washington, DC 20059, United States, Tel.: +1 202 806 42 09, Fax: +1 202 806 44 78, E-mail: awutoh@howard.edu
Background: A study was conducted to examine the association between the use alternative therapies, adherence to prescribed antiretrovirals, and viral load among a group of older (>50 years old) HIV-infected adults.Methods: Seventy-five older HIV patients were recruited from two large metropolitan HIV clinics in Washin
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4972)
Capozzolo A, Castanheira Loderio ER, Nemes Baptistella MI; A. Capozzolo, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Rua Bitencourt Sampaio 210, Vila Mariana, Sao Paulo 04126-060, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 572 58 01, Fax: +55 11 306 677 44, E-mail: angeruma@uol.com.br
Background: The visit to the physician plays a crucial role in the care of AIDS patients, and can directly influence their adherence to ARV treatment. This study is part of a broader research that evaluated ARV adherence among users from 27 AIDS outpatient clinics in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil .Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4973)
Nemes Baptistella MI; M. I. Nemes Baptistella, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Rua Raul Pompeia 251, Sao Paulo - 05021-010, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 864 85 97, Fax: +55 11 306 674 44, E-mail: mibnemes@usp.br
Background: ARV adherence is a very important issue for the control of AIDS. The Brazilian government guarantees free ARV medication to all HIV+ patients who meet the national consensus criteria.Methods: 8580 adults with at least one ARV prescription were included, involving 27 outpatient clinics. The analysis focussed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4974)
Castanheira Lodeiro ER, Capozzolo AA, Nemes Baptistella MI; E. R. Castanheira Lodeiro, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Rua Raul Pompeia 251, Sao Paulo - 05025-010, , Tel.: +55 11 864 85 97, Fax: +55 11 306 674 44, E-mail: ecastanheira@sti.com.br
Background: Identification of the mechanisms whereby healthcare services affect the level of adherence to treatment might help change the nature of care provided with regard to both the organization of actions taken and the content and mechanisms used to tackle the issue. This paper is part of a broader research that e
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4975)
Melchior R, Nemes Baptistella MI, Jordan Silva M, Okasaki E, Komatsu CL; R. Melchior, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Rua Raul Pompeia 251, Sao Paulo - 05025-010, , Tel.: +55 11 864 85 97, Fax: +55 11 306 674 44, E-mail: ecastanheira@sti.com.br
Background: ARV treatment requires that the patient carry out a complex integration of knowledge, acceptance and attitudes. This paper is part of a broader study that evaluated adherence to ARV treatment among people with AIDS in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil .Methods:34 semi-structured interviews with treatment adher
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4976)
Nemes Baptistella MI, Souza Marinho MF, Kalichman A, Grangeiro A, Souza Alencar R, Castanheira Lodeiro ER, Lopes JF; M. I. Nemes Baptistella, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Rua Raul Pompeia 251, Sao Paulo - 05021-010, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 864 85 97, Fax: +55 11 306 674 44, E-mail: mibnemes@usp.br
Background: Patient and health care services characteristics play an important role affecting adherence. This paper is part of a broader study project that evaluated ARV adherence in 27 outpatient clinics in Sao Paulo State, Brazil .Methods: 8580 adults with at least one ARV prescription were included. A sample of 104
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4977)
De Truchis P, Bideault H, Linard F, Lancrenon S, Katlama C, De Pina T, Croix P, Lang J-M; P. De Truchis, Hopital Raymond Poincare, Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, 104 Boulevard R. Poincare, 92380 Garches, France, Tel.: +33 14 710 77 58, Fax: +33 14 710 77 67, E-mail: p.de-truchis@rpc.ap-hop-paris.fr
Objectives: The objective of this survey was to construct a descriptive picture of the practical difficulties of taking treatment in HIV-infection, and then to propose recommendations for the detection and management of poor compliance observed in populations presenting with multiple adverse social factors. The survey
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4978)
Rodrigues R, Bregido L, Oliveira D, Rossetti D, Orii N, Casseb J, Duarte A; R. Rodrigues, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil, Tel.: 55 11 3066.7194, Fax: 55 11 881.7190, E-mail: rohc@usp.br
Introduction: Brazilian laws guarantees free public access to ART with over 50,000 patients being supported. Adherence to ART is considered one of the cornerstones of adequate ART. We analyzed the impact of adherence on laboratory and clinical endpoints. Methods: An open cohort of HIV infected patients were followed a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4979)
Rodrigues R, Bregido L, Oliveira D, Rossetti M, Orii N, Casseb J, Duarte A; R. Rodrigues, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ave. Dr. Arnaldo 455, LIM 56 sala 2345, 01246.902, Brazil, Tel.: 55 11 3066.7194, Fax: 55 11 881.7190, E-mail: rohc@usp.br
Introduction: Brazilian laws guarantees free public access to ART with over 50,000 patients being supported. Adherence to ART is considered one of the cornerstones of adequate ART. We analyzed the impact of adherence on laboratory and clinical endpoints. Methods: An open cohort of HIV infected patients were followed a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4980)
Bertolli J, Reddington C, Cohen J, Baldillo A, Toye M, Smith D, Kneut C, DeMaria A, Hsu H-W; J. Bertolli, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, MS E-46, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 6140, Fax: +1 404 639 6118, E-mail: jub7@cdc.gov
Background: Rigorous adherence to antiretroviral medication regimens is important to achieving and maintaining undetectable viral loads. This study describes current adherence patterns in a population of children with HIV infection in Massachusetts, USA. Methods: Parents/caregivers of HIV-infected children were intervi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4981)
Arathoon E, Morales RE, Gudiel A, Rivera BE, Samatoa BE; E. Arathoon, Asociacion de Salud Integral, 1a Avenida 11-19 Zona 1, Guatemala 01001, Guatemala, Tel.: +502 220 8506, Fax: +502 251 6531, E-mail: earathoon@intelnet.net.gt
Objective: To establish a method to monitor adherence with HAART. Material and Methods: Data from a efficacy an tolerance study to HAART, Lamiduvide 150 mg BID, Zidovudine 300 mg BID, Indinavir 800 mg q8h or 1200 mg q12h during a 6 months period.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4982)
Waters M, Finkelstein R, French T, Weiss L, Greenberg A, Agins B;;; M. Waters, New York State Dept. of Health AIDS Institute, 5 Penn Plaza, Office of the Medical Director, New York, New York 10001, United States, Tel.: +1 212 268 6062, Fax: +1 212 268 6077, E-mail: mdw01@health.state.ny.us
Background: To determine levels of adherence and variables affecting adherence among patients enrolled in an adherence support program. Method: The NY State Dept. of Health, AIDS Institute funded a coordinated program of 10 demonstration projects to provide innovative models of adherence support to 3000 persons with HI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4983)
Grimes R, Easling I, Shahjahan M, Ray S, Rossen R, Miller SM; R. Grimes, Unversity of Texas School of Public Health, RAS 345, P.O. Box 20186, Houston TX 77225-0186, United States, Tel.: +1 713 500 9195, Fax: +1 713 500 9198, E-mail: rgrimes@utsph.sph.uth.tmc.edu
Background: Failing to adhere to antiretroviral regimens is known to result in poor clinical outcomes and drug resistance. Methods: 758 patients from 3 separate cohorts starting one of 4 protease inhibitors (PI) - indinavir, saquinavir ,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4984)
Kleeberger C, Jacobson LP, Strathdee S, Detels R, Kingsley L, Phair J; C. Kleeberger, Johns Hopkins University, School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Rm E7003, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA, United States, Tel.: 410-9554320, Fax: 410-955-7587, E-mail: ckleeber@jhsph.edu
Background: Adequate assessment of adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy is required for studies of therapeutic effectiveness and identifying subgroups that need focused education. The goal of this study was to describe the level of ART adherence in the MACS and characterize determinants of lower adherence. Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4985)
Lopez Martinez C, Ortiz Mondragon R, Moreno Monrroy T, Sierra B, Magis Rodriguez C, Baez Villasefor J; C. Lopez Martinez, National AIDS Council, Ex-Arzopbispado No. 22-B, Col. Observatorio, CP 11830, Mexico, DF, Mexico, Tel.: +52 5 528 58 11, Fax: +52 5 528 42 20, E-mail: clopezm@prodigy.net.mx
Background: The lack of therapeutic adherence is a multifactorial problem, where factors related to the individual, with his environment, and his customs affect. Objective: To identify in a population with HAART the presence of factors that affect the therapeutic adherence. Method: Qualitative, cross-sectional study. P
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4986)
Jones T, Pillay D, Sabin C, Back D, Wilkins E, Lloyd J, Verbiest W; T. Jones, HIV Care Team, GlaxoWellcome UK Ltd, Stockley Park West, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB1 1BTT, United Kingdom, E-mail: tj89721@glaxowellcome.co.uk
Background: The cause of ARV treatment failure in HIV infection is multifactorial and may involve poor adherence, low drug levels, resistant HIV strains and other demographic or clinical factors. This study considers relationships between the baseline characteristics of patients attending three adherence clinics in the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4987)
Andrews L, Friedland G, Mannheimer S, Morse E, Miller C, Brizz B, Matts J, Reilly N, Clax P, Choudhry N, Child C, Sweeton B; L. Andrews, Yale University School of Medicine, AIDS Program, 135 College Street, Suite 323, New Haven, CT 06510, United States, Tel.: +1 203 785 35 57, Fax: +1 203 737 40 51
Issues: Initiation of and adherence to HAART is central to achieving therapeutic success. Patient readiness to begin therapy is crucial in this therapeutic process. However, precise tools to assess and measure readiness and studies of interventions to help patients attain readiness are lacking. Description: To assess r
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4988)
Friedland G, Kaplan E; G.Friedland, Yale University, Yale School of Medicine, AIDS Program, 135 College Street, Suite 323, New Haven, CT 06510-2483, United States, Tel.: +1 203 688 69 59, Fax: +1 203 737 40 51, E-mail: gerald.friedland@yale.edu
Background: HAART leads to drug resistance and reduced clinical benefit in nonadherent patients (NAPs). Some propose screening for adherence, and withholding HAART from those screening nonadherent. We evaluate when screening for adherence is reasonable. Methods: Decision-analytic model to evaluate HAART vs screening f
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4989)
Klosinski LE, Mutchler MG; L.E. Klosinski, AIDS Project Los Angeles, 1313 N. Vine Street, Los Angeles, CA 90028, United States, Tel.: +1 323.993.1521, Fax: +1 323.993.1595, E-mail: mmutchler@apla.org
Objectives: To identify biological, medical, psychosocial, and behavioral factors that predict non-adherence to HIV therapies. Study Design: Cross Sectional, mail administered survey. Method: We analyzed self-reported adherence, demographic, quality of life, health status, sexual behaviors, and drug and alcohol use dat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4990)
Tyndall M, Yip B, Hogg R, Currie S, Montaner J, Li K, O'Shaughnessy M, Schechter M; M. Tyndall, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada, Tel.: +(604) 806 85 35, Fax: +(604) 806 90 44, E-mail: tyndallm@hivnet.ubc.ca
Objectives: Concerns regarding adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces access to treatment among injection drug users (IDUs). We determined the overall coverage, prescription patterns and sustainability of ART among a cohort of IDUs in Vancouver. Methods: The provision of free ART in the Province of British
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. ThPeB4991)
Luber A, Mulnick J, Raber S, Sherman M; A. Luber, Pacific Oaks Medical Grup, 150 N. Robertson, Beverly Hills, CA 90803, United States, Tel.: +1 310 652 2562, Fax: +1 310 652 2843, E-mail: adluber@earthlink.net
Objectives: The management of HIV infection is dependent upon patient adherence for success. The purpose of this study was to compare adherence rates between BID NLF and NNRTI therapies when given in combination with dual NRTIs. Methods: Prospective, multi-center study utilizing an anonymous modified ACTG adherence sur
