Background: In South Africa , Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is becoming increasingly prevalent with the expanding HIV epidemic. Recent evidence has documented the existence of different HHV-8 genetic subgroups that are geographically distributed. The aim of this study was to identify the circulating subgroups in South Africa.
Background: HHV8 prevalence demonstrates geographical variation. There is a paucity of data regarding transmission dynamics of this novel gamma virus. The aim of this study is to assess transmission dynamics and prevalence in KZN. Methods: A hundred HIV+ve mothers and their babies were analysed for HHV8 antibodies(Ab).
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA472)
Gaye Diallo A, Gueye Ndiaye A, Gessain A, Ndour Sarr A, Toure Kane NC, Toure AT, Dia MC, De The G, Mboup S; A. Gaye Diallo, Bacteriologie Virologie Laboratoire CHU le dantec, 30 Avenue Pasteur, BP 7325 Dakar, Senegal, Tel.: +221 822 59 19 / 821 64 20, Fax: +221 821 64 42, E-mail: virus@sonatel.senet.net
Background: HHV8 is the virus associated with Kaposi sarcoma and this affection is rare in Senegal even among HIV infected patients. The aims of this study are to assess the presence of HHV8 and HIV in Senegal and to evaluate their prevalence in the pregnant women population. Method: Study population: 407 ante-natal c
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA473)
Zago A, Viana MC, Bourboulia D, Collandre H, Dietze R, Boshoff C, Keller R; A. Zago, Center of Reference in STD/AIDS, Vitoria, Brazil, Tel.: +55 27 227 92 31, E-mail: zago.vix@zaz.com.br
Background: Current seroepidemiological studies indicate that HHV-8 is a common infection in patients with HIV infection and Kaposi s sarcoma disease and appears to be transmitted predominantly through homosexual contact. Very little is known about the seroprevalence of HHV-8 in South America. This study aimed at inves
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA474)
Caterino-De-Araujo A, Carbone PH, Martinelli FL, Santos-Fortuna E, Moreira AA, Suleiman J, Barra LA; A. Caterino-De-Araujo, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, AV DR Arnaldo 355 11, Seqao De Imunologia, Sao Paulo 01246-902, Brazil, Tel.: +551 130 610 111, Fax: +551 185 335 05, E-mail: caterino@ial.sp.gov.br
Background: Search for HHV-8 antibodies in HIV-1-infected patients from Sao Paulo, Brazil , and establish a prognostic value of these antibodies in predicting the development of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Methods: Commercial ELISA kit (HHV-8 IgG Antibody, Advanced Biotechnologies Inc.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA475)
Hladik W, Dollard S, Kataaha P, Karon J, Pellett P, Namaala H, Goddard J, Downing R, Lackritz E; W. Hladik, HIV International Activities Branch, DHAP, NCHSTP, CDC, MS-E50, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 61 11, Fax: +1 404 639 42 68, E-mail: wfh3@cdc.gov
Background: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is the probable etiologic agent for Kaposi s sarcoma, the leading malignancy in Uganda and a major AIDS-related disease. The transmission modes of HHV-8 in Africa are unknown. Methods: To evaluate possible modes of transmission of HHV-8 and identify potential prevention strategie
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA476)
Olmsted R, Karim SA, Williamson C, Morris L, Swanstrom R, Fiscus S, Frelinger J, Johnston R; R. Olmsted, AlphaVax, Inc., 710 W. Main Street, Durham, NC 27701, United States, Tel.: +1 919 688 6902, Fax: +1 919 688 7396, E-mail: olmsted@alphavax.com
Background: An international collaborative effort to design and develop an HIV-1-subtype C vaccine for use in South Africa was initiated in October 1998 under the support of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative. Methods: The candidate vaccine will be comprised of a mixture of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA477)
Johnston R, MacDonald G, Richmond E, Aronson J, Johnson P, Davis N; R. Johnston, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 7290, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 35 07, Fax: +1 919 962 81 03, E-mail: rjohnst@med.unc.edu
The efficacy of a vaccine vector system is influenced by the anatomical site and particular cell type in which expression occurs. Vaccine vectors based on the alphavirus Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) have been employed successfully in a number of animal models of disease, including simian immunodeficiency
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA478)
Dhawan S, Boykins RA; S. Dhawan, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food & Drug Admn., 1401 Rockville Pike HFM-315, Rockville, Maryland 20852-1448, United States, Tel.: +1 301 827 0796, Fax: +1 301 480 7928, E-mail: dhawan@cber.fda.gov
Background: Tat protein is produced by HIV-infected cells and plays a critical role in the progression of HIV infection. Therefore, immunologic obstruction of Tat as a prophylaxis treatment could reduce the viremia, thereby delay the onset of progression to AIDS. Methods: A single synthetic HIV-Tat multiple peptide con
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA480)
Lisziewicz J; J. Lisziewicz, Research Institute for Genetic and Human Therapy, at Georgetown University, Med-Den SW 307, 3900 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington DC, 20007, United States, Tel.: +1 202 687 2833, Fax: +1 202 687 2907, E-mail: right@gunet.georgetown.edu
Background: HIV-specific cell-mediated immune responses (T helper and CTL) correlate with protection. Antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC) are the most efficient cells to induce potent cell-mediated immune responses. Methods: We used genetically modified dendritic cells (GM-DC) to provide efficient antigen presentat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA481)
Okuda K, Liu L-J, Watabe S, Hamajima K, Wahren B, Xin K-Q; K. Okuda, Yokohama City University, Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine 3-9 Fukuura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236 0004, Japan, Tel.: +81 45 787 26 02, Fax: +81 45 787 25 09, E-mail: kokuda@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp
Background: Our previous reports (Okada et al. J Immunol 1997; Tsuji et al. Eur J Immunol 1998; Tsuji et al. J Immunol 1998; Sasaki et al. J Virol 1998; Kusakabe et al. J Immunol 2000) revealed that DNA vaccine induces strong levels of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and delayed type of hypersensitivity (DTH) res
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA526)
Valdez H, Anthony D, Farukhi F, Patki A, Salkowitz J, Heeger P, Peterson D, Asaad R, Lederman M; H. Valdez, Case Western Reserve University, 2061 Cornell, Rm 301B, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States, Tel.: +1 216 844-2057, Fax: +1 216 844-5523, E-mail: valdez.hernan@clevelandactu.org
Background: 85% of HCV-infected patients are chronically viremic and a variable proportion develops cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Vigorous HCV-specific CD4 responses are associated with clearance of HCV viremia, but these are absent or of low magnitude in most patients with chronic HCV infection. HIV-HCV coi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA527)
Khan M, Nazrul I; M. Khan, 8/4 Eastern Plaza Hatirpool, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh, Tel.: +088 029 661 439, Fax: +088 028 669 34, E-mail: khanmanirul@hotmail.com
Background: Bangladesh are considered to be a low prevalence area, all the determinants like high prevalence of STDs, existence number of commercial sex workers (CSW), migrant workers, increasing number of intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and unscreened blood transfusion make it a fertile ground for rapid and widespread
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA528)
Workenesh A, Cutts F, Nokes J, Fontanet A, Abebe A, Messele T, Enquselassie F, Dejene A; A. Workenesh, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, E-mail: afontanet@gggd.amsterdam.nl
Background: to study the prevalence of HCV and HIV infections among Addis Ababa inhabitants. Methods: Serum samples from a representative household community survey (n = 4853) of the population of Addis Ababa (1994) aged 0-49 years, were analysed for anti-HCV (third generation assay) and anti-HIV antibodies (double
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA529)
Dos Santos G, Abel S, Martial J, Bera O, Cabi A, Sobesky G, Saire RC; R.C.~Saire, Laboratoire de Virologie-Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 97200 Fort-de-France, Martinique, Tel.: +596 75 79 00, Fax: +596 75 29 14, E-mail: cesaire.raymond@wanadoo.fr
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV), GB virus C / Hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) and TT virus (TTV) can be transmitted by the parenteral route. In HIV positive patients, HCV infection is usually acquired by injection drug use (IDU) and the sexual route is much less efficient. We examined the respective importance of the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA530)
Proietti F, Caiaffa W, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Marques L, Guimares M, Doneda D, Lopes A, The Ajude-Brasil P; F. Proietti, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, School of Medicine, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, Tel.: +55-31-224-0911, Fax: +55-31-224-0911, E-mail: proietti@medicina.ufmg.br
Background: There is a lack of information on prevalence and risk factors correlated with HIV and HCV couinfection among IDUs attending SEPs in Brazil . Methods: The AjUDE-Brasil Project was designed as a cross-sectional multicenter study aiming to access information on IDUs older than 18 years, attending five Brazili
Background: HCV infection has been described frequently among HIV patients, specially those infected by the parenteral route. In addition, this coinfection has been associated with higher risk of developing liver failure and AIDS. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and epidemiological factors ass
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA532)
Erickson Viltanen S, Kaltenbach R, Getman D, Garber S, Jeffrey S, Bacheler L, Diamond S, Davies M, Trainor G; S. Erickson Viltanen, Dupont Pharmaceuticals, Ex Station - E336/228, PO Box 80336, Wilmington, DE 19880-0336, United States, Tel.: +1 302 695 7265, Fax: +1 302 695 3934, E-mail: susan.kerickson_viitanen@dupontpharma.com
Introduction: HIV Protease inhibitors (PIs) are important components of many HAART regimens. However, development of phenotypic and/or genotypic resistance can occur after months of therapy, including broad resistance to other inhibitors of this class. Development of resistance often occurs because trough levels of fre
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA533)
Olson W, Nagashima K, Rosenfield S, Maddon P; W. Olson, Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States, Tel.: +1 914 789 2800, Fax: +1 914 789 2807, E-mail: olson@progenics.com
Background: There is an urgent need for new therapies that target novel stages of the HIV-1 replicative cycle, such as viral entry. PRO 542 (CD4-IgG2) is a fusion protein in which the heavy and light chain constant regions of human IgG2 have been replaced with four copies of the D1D2 domains of human CD4. PRO 542 has
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA534)
Tremblay C, Kollman C, Giguel F, Chou TC, Hirsch MS; C. Tremblay, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, United States, Tel.: +1 617 726 38 12, Fax: +1 617 726 74 16, E-mail: ctremblay@partners.org
Objectives: Findings of residual replication-competent HIV-1 in CD4 lymphocytes despite aggressive combination antiretroviral therapy as well as the emergence of resistant virus variants highlight the need to develop new drugs targeting different sites of HIV-1 replication. A promising target is the inhibition of CCR5
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA535)
Ichiyama K, Hirose K, Yokoyama S, Bannai K, Edamatsu T, Yanaka M, Niitani M, Yamamoto N; K. Ichiyama, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, School of Medicine, 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 8519, Japan, Tel.: +81 3 580 351 78, Fax: +81 3 580 301 24, E-mail: ichiyama.mmb@med.tmb.ac.jp
Background: To determine the effects of KRH-1120, a nonpeptide compound with a small molecular weight, on the binding of SDF-1 to CXCR4 and T-cell line-tropic HIV-1 replication. Methods: The effects of KRH-1120 on the SDF-1 binding and blocking of Ca2+ signaling were studied with CXCR4-expressing HOS cells. HIV-1 repli
Introduction: First generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) of HIV-1 have demonstrated clinical utility in HAART regimens for NNRTI naive patients. However, clinically significant resistance to these agents can arise from a single point mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene of HIV-
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA537)
Klimkait T, Lazdins J, Zeller M, Hamy F; T. Klimkait, University of Basel, Institute for med. Microbiologie, Petersplatz 10, 4003 Basel, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 61 267 3264, Fax: +41 61 267 3298, E-mail: thomas.klimkait@unibas.ch
Background: Rapid development of viral drug resistance poses a serious limitation to the management of HIV disease and to pharmaceutical drug programs. In turn, this obstacle forms a basis for new efforts utilizing alternative viral targets. By aiming at the Tat-driven process of HIV gene regulation we searched for nov
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA593)
O'Connor D, Evans D, Mothe B, Allen T, Dzuris J, Sette A, Watkins D; D. O'Connor, Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI, 53715, United States, Tel.: +1 608 265 3379, Fax: +1 608 262 5494, E-mail: doconnor@primate.wisc.edu
Natural selection for high-fitness human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) variants occurs during the course of infection. Selection for altered host cell tropism, decreased susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies, and broadened coreceptor usage has been thoroughly documented. While these examples of selection are importa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA594)
Rutebemberwa A, Auma B, Gillmour J, Jones G, Watera C, Imami N, Kaleebu P, Whitworth J, Gotch F; A. Rutebemberwa, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P. O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda, Tel.: +256-41-320272/320042, Fax: +256-41-321137, E-mail: mrc@starcom.co.ug
Background: An effective HIV vaccine should induce good cross-clade cellular immune responses. In order to prepare for future vaccine trials, there is need to investigate the extent of cross-clade immune responses in HIV-1 infected persons, and to develop simple and rapid assays to study cellular immunity. Methods: A
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA595)
Buranapraditkun S, Ruxrungtham K, Warachit P, Honda M, Phanuphak P; S. Buranapraditkun, Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand, Tel.: +66-2-254-2323, Fax: +66-2-254-7577, E-mail: bsuprane@chula.ac.th
Background: There are 2 clades of HIV-1: E/A and B (B >B) found in Thailand . Cross-clade CTL study and epitope mapping are warranted for HIV vaccine development to be tested in Thailand. Objectives: To find the prevalence of cross-clade CTL activities in HIV-infected Thais with CD4+ >300 cell/ul. And to identify comm
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA596)
Garba ML, Musonda R, Allen S, Frelinger S; M.L. Garba, University of North Carolina, CB 7290 804 Mejb, AT Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599-7290, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 2605, Fax: +1 919 962 8103, E-mail: mlgarba@med.unc.edu
Background: Previous studies in repeatedly exposed uninfected (EU) Gambian and Kenyan Commercial Sex Workers (CSW s) showed the presence of HIV-specific CTLs in 6/15 (Kenya) to 5/6 (Gambia) of these women following repeated testing. This suggests a role for CTL s in resistance to HIV infection. In this study, we looked
Background: A small subpopulation (>0.8%)of HIV infected individuals shows no signs of progression over a 10 year period, maintains stable CD4+ T cell counts and has >50 copies of viral RNA/ml plasma. A unique cohort of HIV-1 infected LTNP with these features were prospectively recruited for study. Methods: HLA haploty
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA598)
Mashishi T, Hunt G, Bredell H, Morris L, Ramjee G, Abdool-Karim S, Gray C; T. Mashishi, National Institute for Virology, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 321 4292, Fax: +27 11 321 4325, E-mail: tumelom@niv.ac.za
Background: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) that recognise specific viral epitopes are thought to provide the most effective control of viral replication and spread. The accessory viral protein, Nef has been shown to contain conserved regions rich in CTL epitopes in subtype B viruses. Subtype C HIV-1 is the most prevalen
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA599)
Kazatchkine M, Hirsch E; M. Kazatchkine, ANRS National Agency for AIDS research, 101 rve de tolbiac, 750 13 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 153 946 023, Fax: +33 153 946 001
For the last ten years, the french National Agency for Research on AIDS (ANRS) has conducted a large number of clinical trials in Africa, in partnership with african scientists and clinicians, e.g. in the area of prevention of MTCT and prophylaxis of opportunistic infections. Until now, ANRS has relied exclusively on t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA600)
Magwaza S, Coetzee N, McGrory E; S.Magwaza, CApe Town University, Public Health Dept. Anzio Rd, Observatory 7925, South Africa, Tel.: +27-21-406-6485/3, Fax: +27-21-406-6163, E-mail: spin@ant.uct.ac.za
Background: In 1998, the staff from the Population Council and the University of Cape Town tested the informed consent forms preparing for the Population Council Phase II microbicide expanded safety trial in South Africa . The interview explored their understanding of the purpose of the trial, the steps involved, the r
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA601)
Lazzarini Z, Altice FL; Z. Lazzarini, University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Community Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave. MC-6325, Farmington, CT 06030-6325, United States, Tel.: +860-679-5494, Fax: +860-679-5463, E-mail: lazzarini@nso.uchc.edu
Issues: Historically, human experimentation often led to exploitation of prisoners. Modern human subjects regulations in the United States (U.S.) sharply restrict medical research involving prisoners. Banning prisoners from all clinical trials, however, represents a denial of possible benefits for some prisoners, espe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrA602)
Marchand R, Ogden R, Trussler T, Johnson A, Coleman B, Perchal P;;; R. Marchand, Community Based Research Centre, Suite 2 - 2023 West 4th Ave., Vancouver, British Columbia, V6J 1N3, Canada, Tel.: +1 604 736 91 50, Fax: +1 604 736 91 20, E-mail: rfm@attglobal.net
Issues: Although AIDS groups have participated in research since the epidemic began, it was not until the Vancouver Conference that community researchers from every global region met to discuss the role of community in research. Since then international meetings have been held 1) to present community research; 2) to ex
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB482)
DeJesus E, Pistole M, Fetchick R, Lauermann M, Roland R, Garrett L, Jiang P, McMillan F; E. DeJesus, IDC Research Initiative, 499 East Central Parkway, Altamonte Springs, United States, Tel.: +407-647-39-60, Fax: +407-647-34-26, E-mail: IDCReach@aol.com
Background: To evaluate the medication taking habits and preference of HIV-1 positive patients randomized to receive either Norvir ( ritonavir ) 400 mg BID plus indinavir 400 mg BID in comb
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB483)
Novak R, Munsiff A, Post JM, Melton D, Diaz-Linares M, Bolanos J, D'Alfonso-Laghi N, Smith R; R. Novak, University of Illinois, 808 S. Wood St., M/C 735, Rm. 886, Chicago, IL 60612, United States, Tel.: +312 996 67 63, Fax: +312 413 16 57, E-mail: rmnovak@uic.edu
Background: Trials of NFV 1250mg BID compared to 750mg TID in ARV-naive persons with HIV infection have shown comparable antiretroviral effect and tolerability. This study looks at the effect of switching from TID to BID dosing on adherence and response. Methods: We reviewed the records of all HIV-infected patients wh
Background: Despite widespread use of bid antiretroviral regimens including indinavir (IDV) plus ritonavir (RTV) based on PK data, a randomized comparison of the efficacy and safety of such a strategy with that of tid IDV has not been reported.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB485)
Gorgolas M, Estrada V, Arranz A, Nodar A, Sanz J, Garcia Delgado R, Fernandez Guerrero M; M. Gorgolas, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Avda. Reyes Catolicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 550 48 83, Fax: +34 91 550 49 22, E-mail: mgorgolas@fjd.es
Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy with protease inhibitors has had a major impact in declining the morbidity and mortality of HIV infected patients, however PI s containing regimens are often difficult to comply with and have been associated to metabolic disorders and fat redistribution. Switching of PI
The effectiveness of two triple antiretroviral combinations to correct T-cell subsets abnormalities and to restore immune functions in asymptomatic antiretroviral naive HIV-1-infected patients with a baseline CD4 T-cell counts > 500/mm3 and plasma VL > 5000 c/ml was analysed. Twenty randomized patients from 2 cohort st
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB487)
Ledru E, Patey O, Roue R, Gougeon M-L; E. Ledru, Pasteur Institute, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 1 45 68 89 14, Fax: +33 1 45 68 89 09, E-mail: eriledru@pasteur.fr
Background: HAART is associated to a decrease in peripheral T cell apoptosis. As apoptosis regulates cytokine production, we assess the homeostasis of cytokine production in CD45RA and CD45RO T cells following HAART. Methods: 15 HIV+ patients naive of protease inhibitor (PI) were followed for 18 months. A cross section
Background: The continue loss of CD4 T cells that characterize the HIV infection can result in deletions of CD4 T cell clones whereas the persistent antigen stimulation lead to expansions of HIV-specific CD8 T cell clones. Suppression of HIV replication by higly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) results in increase
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB489)
Skokanova V, Stankova M, Spala J, Beneda M, Rozsypal H, Machala L; V. Skokanova, AIDS Center Univ. Hospital Bulovka, Institute of Hygiene, Dittrichova 17, 12801 Praha 2, Czech Republic, Tel.: +420 2 249 149 66
Background: To assess and characterise changes in expression of IL-4 and IFN-g on CD4+ T lymphocytes during HIV-1 infection in patients without therapy, and after initiation of HAART. Methods: We followed 13 HIV-positive patients, who were treated at least 6 months by HAART and 4 HIV-positive patients without therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB490)
Oliva A, Kinter A, Rabin R, Farber J, Metcalf J, Li Y, Romano J, Lane HC, Fauci AS; A.Oliva, IRCCS L. Spallanzani, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy, E-mail: alecrazy@yahoo.com
Background: Exposure of PBMC or CD4+ T cells to IL-2 in vitro results in various, frequently opposing effects on HIV replication such as elevation of the expression of the HIV coreceptor/CC-chemokine receptor CCR5 as well as increased production of HIV inhibitory factors. Methods: Whole blood was obtained from HIV-inf
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB491)
Mezzaroma I, Pinter E, Carlesimo M, Bernardi ML, Alario C, Sacco G, Santini Muratori D, Fantini R, Aiuti F; I. Mezzaroma, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Viale dell'Universite, 37, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 64 997 20 36, Fax: +39 64 46 62 09, E-mail: mezzaroma@uniroma1.it
Background: To evaluate immunological reconstitution after 4 years of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in severely immunocompromised HIV-1 patients. Several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of HAART on clinical outcomes and reduction of HIV-1 replication, but conficting evidences on the levels
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB538)
Bouic P, Lamprecht J, Freestone M; P. Bouic, University of Stellenbosch, Dept. Medical Microbiology, Tygerberg Hospital, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa, Tel.: +27 21 938 4035, Fax: +27 21 938 4005, E-mail: pjdb@gerga.sun.ac.za
Background: Results in vitro using a mixture of BSS and BSSG showed that these had immunomodulatory activities (enhancement of IFN-g and IL2 secretion) whilst decreasing the levels of IL6 and TNF-a. An open-labeled study was initiated to test this mixture in HIV infected individuals not on any forms of therapy. Methods
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB539)
Fernandez-Cruz E, Munoz-Fernandez MA, Navarro J, Abad ML, Resino S, Jimenez JL, Canto C, Carbone J, Lopez F, Esteban M, M MF;;; EduardoFernandez-Cruz, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Division Immunology, C/ Doctor Esquerdo 46, Madrid 28007, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 586 84 23, Fax: +34 91 586 66 98, E-mail: efernandez@inmuno.hggm.es
We are currently testing a therapeutic vaccine (REMUNE), which is an inactivated gp120-depleted HIV-1 immunogen. A subset of 54 HIV+ subjects included in a multicenter, double-blind, adjuvant-controlled, randomized study of REMUNE versus Incomplete Freund s Adjuvant (IFA) coadministered with antiretrovirals was analyze
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB540)
Beretta A, Lazzarin A, Hasson H, Fumagalli L, Clerici M, Ferrante P, Saniabadi A, Adachi M; A. Beretta, S. Raffaele Scientific Institute, Infectious Disease Clinic, Via Stamira D'Ancona 20, 20127 Milano, Italy, Tel.: +39 022 643 79 39, Fax: +39 022 643 70 30, E-mail: giuliana.uslenghi@hsr.it
Background: HIV infection results in immune alterations which are only partially reversed by current antiretroviral therapies (HAART).In addition, some HAART-treated patients never respond with a significant rise in CD4+ cell counts (immunological non responders). Some monocyte-derived cytokines, like TNFalpha play a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB541)
Hecht F, Kahn J, Chesney M, Webb M, Batya S, Busch M, Altfeld M, Grant R, Oksenberg J, McGrath M, Walker B, Levy J; F. Hecht, UCSF, Ward 84, Building 80, San Francisco General Hospital, 995 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110, United States, Tel.: +011 (415) 476-4082 /431, Fax: +011 (415) 476-6953, E-mail: rhecht@php.ucsf.edu
Background: Treatment of primary HIV may offer unique opportunities to preserve the capacity to mount effective cellular immune responses to HIV. We are performing a randomized trial to determine the effects on virologic and immunologic outcomes of using an immune modulatory agent, IL-2 , together with
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB542)
Van Heeswyk R, Veldkamp AI, Mulder JW, Meenhorst PL, Beynen JM, Lange JM, Hoetelmans RM; R. Van Heeswyk, Slotervaart Hospital Dept Pharmacy, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +312 051 244 81, Fax: +312 051 247 53, E-mail: aprom@slz.nl
Background: TDM of NVP may be helpful to detect patient non-compliance or subtherapeutic exposure to this drug. Traditionally, plasma (PL) is used for TDM. We explored if the concentration of NVP in saliva (SA) is an indicator of the corresponding concentration in PL, to evaluate the applicability of SA for TDM of NVP.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB543)
Moreno S, Podzamczer D, Blazquez R, Iribarren JA, Ferrer E, Reparaz J, Pena JM, Cabrero E, Usan L; S. Moreno, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Servicio de Enf. Infecciosas, Ctra. Colmenar, Km 9,100, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 336 87 10, Fax: +34 91 336 87 92, E-mail: smoreno@hrc.insalud.es
Background: Rifampin (RF) is contraindicated in HIV-infected patients (pts) with tuberculosis (TB) who receive HAART, due to in vitro pharmacokinetic interactions with PIs and NNRTIs. However, the interaction between ritonavir (RTV) and RF is only mild.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB544)
Fichtenbaum C, Blaschke T, Rosenkranz S, Segal Y, Aberg J, Gerber J, Alston B, Lizak P, Aweeka F; C. Fichtenbaum, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Holmes Division, ML 0405, Eden and Bethesda Avenues, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States, Tel.: +1 513 584 63 61, Fax: +1 513 584 60 40, E-mail: carl.fichtenbaum@uc.edu
Background: Hyperlipidemia is an adverse effect of potent antiretroviral (protease inhibitor) therapy and treatment of lipid disorders is becoming increasingly common. In ACTG A5047, we have previously reported the effects of ritonavir (RTV) + saq
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB545)
Cardiello P, Kroon E, Hoetelmans R, Vorarien W, Ubolyam S, Phanuphak P, Lange J, Cooper D, Ruxrungtham K; P. Cardiello, HIV-NAT, The Thai Red Cross Aids Research Centre, 104 Rajdumri Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10400, Thailand, Tel.: +66 2 255 73 34, Fax: +66 2 252 57 79, E-mail: peter.c@chula.ac.th
Background: It was shown that 200 mg of itraconazole qd increases SQV concentrations (hard gelatin capsule, HGC) by 5-fold. In HIV NAT 001.2 the effect of 2 doses of itraconazole (100 and 200 mg qd) on SQV PK was investigated when using SQV soft gelatin capsules (SGC). Methods: HIV-1-infected patients from HIV NAT001.2
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB546)
Hsu A, Williams L, Chiu Y-L, Hill L, McMillan F, Lamm J, Rynkiewicz K, Foit C, Ji Q, Hutman W, Ryan J, Sun E, Japour A;;; A. Hsu, Abbott Laboratories, D4PK, AP13A, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL, United States, Tel.: +1 847 937 2961, Fax: +1 847 938 5193, E-mail: ann.hsu@abbott.com
Background: Ritonavir significantly improved pharmacokinetic profiles of protease inhibitors indinavir , saquinavir , and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB547)
Degen O, Kurowski M, van Lunzen J, Stellbrink H-J; O. Degen, University Hospital Eppendorf, Medical Department, Pav. 33, INFE, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany, Tel.: +49-40-42803-2118, Fax: +49-40-42803-5187, E-mail: hj.stellbrink.hivweb@t-online.de
Background: To investigate APV levels in a low-dose rescue therapy combination with RTV and the impact of EFV on APV levels in this double-PI combination. Methods: Steady-state plasma-levels of APV and RTV were analyzed in 8 HIV-infected patients receiving a combination of both drugs with or without 600 mg EFV qd. 7 ma
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB603)
Murphy R, Katlama C, Autran B, Belsey E, Harris M, Montaner JS, Pollard R, Hellinger J, Squires K, Calvez V, Gulick R, Sommadossi J-P, Pavia A, Youle M, Schacker T, Berzins B, O'Gorman M, Johnson V, Landay A; R. Murphy, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Room 828, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States, Tel.: +1 312 908 0949, Fax: +1 312 908 8281, E-mail: r-murphy@nwu.edu
Background: Hydroxyurea (HU) has been shown to enhance the antiviral activity of nucleosides, particularly didanosine ( ddI ), as well as having potential immunologic effects. The study objectives were to evaluate the 48 week effects of HU on HIV RNA, CD
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB604)
Wood R; R. Wood, HIV Clinic, Somerset Hospital, Greenpoint 8001, Capetown, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 27 11 402 6911, Fax: +27 11 27 11 252 021, E-mail: rcurry@boehringer-ingelheim.com
Background: Study BI 1090 was a 2256 patient international clinical endpoint comparison study of NVP versus placebo on a background of antiretroviral medication. CD4+ counts and HIV RNA copy number were assessed to evaluate the effect of NVP. Methods: Plasmas from the first 171 antiretroviral-naive patients (77 NVP, 94
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB605)
Matheron S, Brun-Vezinet F, Viraben R, Malkin JE, Troisvallets D, Lafeuillade A, Thiaux C, Mamet JP; S. Matheron, Hosp.Bicat, 46,rue Henri Huchard, 75877 paris, France, Tel.: +33 1 40 257 809, Fax: +33 1 42 295 300, E-mail: ct6916@ggr.co.uk
Objective: To evaluate COM/ ABC as first line therapy in HIV-1 infected adults, in place of a PI containing triple combination. Methods: ART naive adults, with a plasma HIV-1 RNA (pVL) between 1000 and 500000 cp/ml were randomized to receive either COM (3TC150mg/ZDV300mg) bid + ABC (300mg) bid or COM bid +
Background/methods.342 antiretroviral naive adults were randomised to COM/ABC(n = 171) or COM/IDV(n = 171)open-label therapy for 48 weeks. Subjects were stratified at baseline as >5000 to >100000 (63%) or >100000 (37%)c/mL. Median HIV-1 RNA was 62000 and 73000c/mL and CD4 count 312 and 298cells/m l for COM/ABC and COM/
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB607)
Pollard R, Green S, Holloway W; R. Pollard, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States, Tel.: +1 409 772 4979, Fax: +1 409 772 3461, E-mail: rcurry@rdg.boehringer-ingelheim.com
Background: Study BI 1090 was a 2256 patient international clinical endpoint comparison study of NVP versus placebo on a background of antiretroviral medications. HIV RNA copy number and CD4 counts were assessed to evaluate the effect of NVP. Methods: Plasmas from the first 239 patients with experience limited to ZDV a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB608)
Eron J, Junod P, Becker S, Ruane P, Thompson M, Arduino R, Walmsley S, Pierce A, Platek G, Snidow J; J. Eron, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Division of Infectious Diseases, 547 Burnett-Womack Building / UNC CB#7030, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 2536, Fax: +1 919 966 6714, E-mail: jws3144@glaxowellcome.com
Background: This study examined durability of viral suppression in adults receiving either 3 drugs (COM bid/ nelfinavir tid) or 4 drugs (COM/ abacavir / amprenavir bid).
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB609)
Montessori V, Wood E, Yip B, Hogg R, Sherlock C, Jahnke N, Harrigan R, O'Shaughnessy M, Montaner J; J. Montaner, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard St, Vancouver BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada, Tel.: +1 604 631 5516
Background: It has been reported that continued antiretroviral therapy in patients with persistently elevated viral loads may be associated with improvements in CD4 cell counts. We have evaluated the relationship between the degree of plasma viral load suppression achieved by HIV-1 infected patients initiating triple d
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB610)
Easterbrook P, Ives N, Peters B, Gazzard B; P.Easterbrook, Academic Department of HIV/GU Medicine, The Guy's, King's & St Thomas' School of Medicine, Weston Education Centre, Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 78 48 57 70, Fax: +44 20 78 48 57 69, E-mail: philippa.easterbrook@kcl.ac.uk
Background: The prognostic significance of intermittent virological breakthrough or blips in patients with an otherwise undetectable VL on HAART remains unclear. We compared the outcome of patients whose VL remained below detectable limits (BLD) after initiation of HAART compared to those who experienced intermittent
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB611)
Zala C, Sued O, Del Sol E, Tocci M, De la Iglesia G, Wekselman S, Abusamra L, Cahn P; C. Zala, Hospital Juan Fernandez, Angel Peluffo 3932 (1202), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tel.: +54 11 4981 7777, Fax: +54 11 4982 4024, E-mail: pcahn@huesped.org.ar
Objective: To describe factors associated with virologic failure in clinical practice in a reference center in Buenos Aires. Methods: Chart review from patients started in a triple drug regimen during 1998-99.Eligible pts were those with at least 6 months of follow up and baseline and postreatment determinations of vi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB612)
Lafeuillade A, Jolly P, Lambry V, Philip G, Hittinger G, Chadapaud S; A. Lafeuillade, CHITS, Hopital Chalucet, Rue Chalucet, 83056 Toulon, France, Tel.: +33 4 942 277 41, Fax: +33 4 949 267 47, E-mail: avps@club-internet.fr
Background: controled therapeutic trials often show better results than routine practice. To know the real impact of triple-drug therapy in a population of every day practice, we have analysed the outcome of the first triple combination prescribed to 500 consecutive HIV-infected patients. Methods: between October 1995
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB613)
Nkengasong JN, Kestens L, Ghys P, Koblavi-Deme S, Diallo MO, Bile C, Kalou M, Maurice C, Laga M, Wiktor SZ, Greenberg AE; J.N. Nkengasong, Projet Retro - CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 541 11, Fax: +225 212 429 69, E-mail: jcn5@cdc.gov
Objective: To assess the impact of STDs on HIV-1 RNA viral load and markers of immune activation among FSW in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire. Methods: We analyzed blood and cervicovaginal samples obtained from consenting HIV-seropositive FSWs attending a confidential clinic between September 1996 and June 1997. Syphilis was di
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrB614)
Deveau C, Goujard C, Ngo N, Harzic M, Pellegrin I, Garrigue I, Tamalet C, Rouzioux C, Laskri D, Delfraissy J-F, Meyer L; C. Deveau, INSERM U292, Hopital de Bicotre, 82 rue du General Leclerc, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicotre, Cedex, France, Tel.: +33 1 01 49 59 19 75, Fax: +33 1 01 45 21 20 75, E-mail: meyer@vjf.inserm.fr
Background: The objectives of the PRIMO cohort are to describe viro-immunological response during PI as well as changes with HAART. Methods: Since 1996, the French PRIMO multicenter cohort has enrolled 156 pts diagnosed during PI. The date of infection was documented by an incomplete western-blot (82% of cases), a posi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC492)
Richardson B, John G, Hughes J, Nduati R, Mbori Ngacha D, Kreiss J; B. Richardson, University of Washington, University of Washington, PO Box 359909, Seattle, WA 98199, United States, Tel.: +1 206 731 2425, Fax: +1 206 731 2427, E-mail: barbrar@u.washington.edu
Introduction: The probability of male to female HIV-1 infection per sex act is estimated to be between .0005 to .001. We evaluated the probability of breastmilk transmission of HIV-1 per day of breastfeeding and per liter of breastmilk ingested. Methods: In a study of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Nairobi, m
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC493)
Krou-Danho N, Sibailly TS, Bertolli J, Boni-Ouattara E, Ekpini ER, Nkengasong J, Maurice C, Monga B, Roels TH, Greenberg AE, Wiktor SZ; N. Krou-Danho, Projekt RETRO-CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 541 11, Fax: +225 212 429 69, E-mail: ned0@cdc.gov
Objectives: To describe changes in HIV-1 viral load in breast milk (BMVL) and plasma (PVL) during the first 6 weeks postpartum in women receiving short-course zidovudine (ZDV). Methods: From December 1998 to December 1999, all consenting HIV-1 seropositive women attending a public prenatal clinic were enrolled at 36 w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC494)
Mbori-Ngacha D, Nduati R, John G, Reilly M, Mwatha A, Overbaugh J, Welch M, Ndinya-Achola J, Bwayo J, Kreiss J; D. Mbori-Ngacha, University of Nairobi, Box 19676, Department of Medical Microbiology Annexe, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254 2 722 710, Fax: +254 2 722 762, E-mail: imani@iconnect.co.ke
Background: Breastfeeding contributes to 40-50% of perinatal HIV-1 transmission in breastfeeding populations. Use of replacement feeds is an important prevention strategy for transmission, but risks associated with artificial feeds have not been quantified in the context of HIV-1 infection. Methods: HIV-1 infected wome
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC495)
Nduati R, Richardson B, John G, Mbori-Ngacha D, Overbaugh J, Mwatha T, Ndinya-Achola J, Bwayo J, Kreiss J; R. Nduati, University of Nairobi, Box 19676, Department of Medical Microbiology Annexe, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Kenya, Tel.: 254-2-722710, Fax: 254-2-722762, E-mail: rnduati@iconnect.co.ke
Background: We analyzed data from a randomized clinical trial of breastfeeding and formula feeding to determine the impact of breast feeding on maternal mortality among HIVu1 infected women. Methods: Pregnant women attending 4 Nairobi city council clinics were offered HIV testing. At §im32 weeks of gestation, HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC496)
Gray R, Brahmbhatt H; R. Gray, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 4028 Hygiene, 615 N.Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 955 7818, Fax: +1 410 955 0792, E-mail: hbrahmbh@jhsph.edu
Background: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV via breastmilk presents a policy dilemma. Prior studies of the risks of mortality associated with non-breastfeeding fail to differentiate between voluntary weaning and involuntary non-initiation or involuntary weaning, due to pre-existing maternal/infant morbidity (i.e.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC497)
Bland RM, Rollins NC, Solarsh G, Tomkins A; R.M. Bland, Africa Centre, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa, Tel.: +27 35 550 0158, Fax: +27 35 550 1674, E-mail: blandr@mrc.ac.za
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is recognised as a child survival strategy. Recent evidence also suggests that EBF may carry no added risk of mother to child transmission of HIV1 compared to non-human milk(1). In preparation for a definitive study to test this hypothesis, a prospective study of infant feeding practices
Back ground: Ukraine occupies the first place on prevalence HIV- infection among the countries Eastern Europe. Prevalence of HIV- infection among IDUs makes about 10% (on the official data). For finding - out of true prevalence HIV in this group the sentinel surveillance in two cities of Ukraine is carried out within
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC499)
Mesquita F, Bueno R, Kral A, Reingold A, Araujo P, Piconez D; F.Mesquita, FSP/USP & IEPAS, Av Campos Sales 59, Santos - SP, 11013.401, Brazil, Tel.: +55 13 2354 842, Fax: +55 13 2342 576, E-mail: iepasede@atribuna.com.br
Background: Santos Metropolitan Region (SMR), State of Sao Paulo, historically is well known as having one of the areas with the largest number of AIDS cases in Brazil , especially among IDUs. The main objective of this study is to analyze the implications of the IDU behavior on the trends of the AIDS epidemic in the r
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC500)
Wei L, Chen J, Li R, Liang S, Zhu Q, Li Z, Razak MH, Beyrer C; L. Wei, HIV/AIDS Surveillance & Testing Center, Guangxi Health & Anti-epidemic Center, 80 Taoyuan Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China, Tel.: +86 771 532 7110, Fax: +86 771 531 6432, E-mail: gastcWpublic.nn.gx.cn
Issues: Pingxiang City, on the China- Vietnam border, has had a recent explosive outbreak of HIV infection among drug users (IDU) associated with an important cross-border heroin trafficking route. Community-based prevention programs for IDU are new to China, and are urgently needed to prevent further spread. Project:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC501)
Kral A, Bluthenthal R, Lorvick J, Gee L, Bacchetti P, Edlin B; A. Kral, U.C.S.F., 3180 18th Street Suite 302, San Francisco, CA 94110, United States, Tel.: +1 415 502 7221, Fax: +1 415 476 3406, E-mail: alkral@itsa.ucsf.edu
Background: Cohort studies of injection drug users (IDUs) in the U.S. have found that among IDUs, HIV seroconversion is predominantly associated with injection-related risk behaviors. The objective of this study was to determine whether injection or sex-related risk factors were associated with HIV antibody seroconvers
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC502)
Ompad D, Fuller C, Latkin C, Vlahov D, Strathdee S; D. Ompad, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, 1235 East Monument Street, Suite 210, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 4535, Fax: +1 410 614 7193, E-mail: dompad@jhsph.edu
Objective: Previous studies have reported that bisexual women have higher rates of sexual and drug use behaviors compared to heterosexual women. We the prevalence of HIV risk factors among young female bisexual injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. Methods: Adolescent and young adult (age 15-30) female IDU who
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC503)
Hankins C, Alary M, Parent R, Noel L, Claessens C; C. Hankins, Direction de la Sante Publique de Montreal-Centre, 1301 Sherbrooke St. East, Montreal, (Quebec), H2L 1M3, Canada, Tel.: +1 514 528 240, Fax: +1 514 528 2452
Background: To determine HIV incidence and associated risk factors among injection drug users (IDU) in the province of Quebec and the city of Ottawa, Ontario. Methods: IDU who had injected drugs during the previous 6 months gave informed consent to provide a saliva sample, answer a questionnaire and be assigned a uniqu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC548)
Veloso V, Sudo EC, Vasconcelos A, Sakita K, Cunha CS, Chequer P;;; V.Veloso, Brazilian STD/AIDS Program - MOHA, Esplanada dos Ministerios - Bl. G - Sobreloja, 70.058-900 - Brasilia - DF, Brazil, Tel.: +55 61 315 2140, Fax: +55 61 315 2519, E-mail: aids@aids.gov.br
Issue: A marked decrease in pediatric AIDS cases occurred in many developed countries after the implementation of protocol 076. The Brazilian MoH adopted a policy in 1995 for HIV vertical transmission (VT) prevention that includes: (1)counseling and testing for all pregnant women; (2) the full 076 regimen and (3) subst
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC549)
Sibailly TS, Ekpini ER, Kamelan-Tanoh A, Yavo D, Maurice C, Nkengasong J, Roels TH, Wiktor SZ, Chorba TL; T.S. Sibailly, Projet Retro-CI, CDC/HIV c/o US Embassy, 5, rue Jesse Owens 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'Ivoire, Tel.: +225 2125 4111, Fax: +225 2124 2969, E-mail: tbs2@cdc.gov
Background: Short course oral zidovudine (ZDV) administered in late pregnancy prevents mother-to-child transmission of HIV. However, due to poor acceptance of HIV testing including post-test counseling (PTC), most HIV-infected women do not benefit from this intervention in Abidjan. Objective: To assess the impact of H
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC550)
Mazhani L, Phiri L, Keapoletswe K, Bowelo M, Mugabe M, Mouzin E; L. Mazhani, Ministry of Health, Nyangabgwe Hospital, Private Bag 127, Francistown, Botswana, Tel.: +267 211 000, Fax: +267 216 706, E-mail: Lmazhani@info.bw
Background: In Botswana , HIV prevalence is estimated to be 35% among pregnant women. Without interventions, mother-to-child transmission of HIV is about 40% resulting in about 8,000 HIV-infected babies each year. In April 1999, the government of Botswana, with UNICEF support, launched a program to pilot an interventio
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC551)
Karita E, Uwamaliya H, Carmelinda S, Munyangabe C, Mpfizi B, Tekirya E, Rusanganwa E, Shengero S, Van Hove D; E. Karita, Natinal HIV-Reference Laboratory, POBox 4668 Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda, Tel.: +250 784 74, Fax: +250 740 38, E-mail: labhiv@rwandatel1.rwanda1.com
Background: In Rwanda about 40.000 infants per year are born to HIV-infected mothers of whom 10.000 may be infected perinataly. This pilot intervention studies the acceptability and feasibility of the routine utilisation of a maternal oral short regimen of ZDV to reduce MTCT in Kicukiru health centre in Rwanda. Methods
The successful use of a short course of zidovudine in lowering vertical transmission of HIV has been reported in several countries. The impact of this regimen on child survival in Kenya has not been established. In an effort to determine its usefulness, we recruited and followed up a cohort of HIV pos
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC553)
Kanshana S, Thewanda D, Teeraratkul A, Limpakarnjanarat K, Amornwichet P, Kullerk N, Mastro TD, Simonds RJ; S. Kanshana, Bureau of Health Promotion, The HIV/AIDS Collaboration, DMS 6 Bldg Ministry of Public Health, Tivanon Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 2 591 8358, Fax: +66 2 591 5443, E-mail: rxs5@cdc.gov
Background: The Thai Ministry of Public Health began a pilot program in July 1998 in 7 northeastern provinces (Region 7). The program provides counseling and HIV testing for all pregnant women, and antenatal zidovudine (ZDV) and infant formula for all HIV-infected pregnant women and their children in 89 public hospit
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC554)
Musey LK, Ha R, Galloway C, Tabet S, Ding Y, Belshe R, Celum C, McElrath MJ; L. K. Musey, University of Washington /FHCRC, Program in Infectious Diseases, 1100 Fairview Avenue North D3-100, Seattle, WA 98109, United States, Tel.: +1 206 667 67 39, Fax: +1 206 667 44 11, E-mail: luwy@u.washington.edu
Background: HIV-specific T cells have been shown to play a critical role in control of viral replication. These effector cells may be important to elicit with immunization, both systemically and locally at sites where transmission most often occurs.Thus far, mucosal T cell responses have not been examined in HIV-uninfe
Background: Since 1988, injecting drug users (IDUs) in Bangkok have experienced a severe epidemic of HIV infection. A 1995-98 study conducted in this group showed an annual incidence rate of at least 6%, willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials, and high rates of follow-up. The bivalent B(MN)/E(A244) rgp120 HI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC556)
Harro C, Judson F, Brown SJ, Marmor M, Li E, Alonzo G, Gulati V, Berman PW, Francis D; C. Harro, Johns Hopkins University, Center for Immunization Research, Hampton House, Room 117, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 49 37, Fax: +1 410 955 27 91, E-mail: charro@jhsph.edu
Introduction: Since the early 1980s, the HIV epidemic has severely impacted men who have sex with men (MSM). Vaccine preparedness studies in MSM demonstrated seroincidence (> = 1.5%/year), willingness to participate, and follow-up rates that are supportive of efficacy trials. Methods: This is a randomized, double blind
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC557)
Serwanga J, Kaleebu P, Mugerwa R, Mugyenyi P, Mbidde E, Andersson K, Flores J, Ellner J, Hom DL; J. Serwanga, Uganda virus research institute, P.O. BOX 49, Entebbe, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 320 385, Fax: +256 41 321 137, E-mail: arbovir@infocom.co.ug
Background: Uganda initiated a phase I placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized HIV-1 preventive vaccine trial in early 1999. Forty healthy low risk volunteers were randomized to receive recombinant ALVAC vCP205 HIV vaccine (n = 20), or 1 of 2 placebos. We present issues related to pre- and post-vaccination screeni
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC558)
Lambert J, Johnson D, McFarland E, McNamara J, Muresan P, Curd J, El Habib R, Caudrelier P, Fenton T; J. Lambert, University of Maryland, Institute of Human Virology, W Lombard St 5th Fl RM 548, Baltimore MD 21201, United States, Tel.: +1 410 706 4604, Fax: +1 410 706 4619, E-mail: lambert@umbi.umd.edu
Background: ALVAC-HIV vCP205 (Aventis Pasteur) is a recombinant Canarypox virus HIV-1 vaccine. We report preliminary safety and immunogenicity data from an ongoing infant trial, including lymphoproliferative (LP) and cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) results. Humoral assays on serum and mucosal specimens are currently being assay
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC559)
Evans T, McElrath MJ, Gorse G, Mulligan M, Graham B, Schwartz D, Montefiori D, Francis D, Flores J; T. Evans, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 689, Rochester, NY, 14642, United States, Tel.: +716-275-5871, Fax: +716-442-9328, E-mail: thomas_evans@urmc.rochester.edu
Background: The saponin adjuvant QS21 has a dose-sparing effect in HIV-1 envelope immunization in HIV-uninfected human volunteers. However, the lowest immunogenic dose of gp120 used in combination with QS21 was not determined, and local reactogenicity was remarkable. Methods: A study was undertaken in 60 HIV-1 seronega
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC615)
Rely K, Bertozzi S; K. Rely, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62508, Mexico, Tel.: +52 7 311 37 83, Fax: +52 7 311 11 56, E-mail: rkely@insp.mx
Objective: To estimate CE of interventions to reduce MTCT in Mexico using an adaptation of a model developed by J Stover. Material and Method: We examine five different scenarios, each with different combination of interventions to reduce MTCT and each estimated using both
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC616)
Butler M, Perez E, Bollinger L, Colvin C; M. Butler, Procets, Calle Mahatma Gandhi No. 351, Apartado 2882, Santo Domingo, Republica Dominicana, Dominican Republic, Tel.: +809 688 58 10, Fax: +809 686 76 97, E-mail: fund.genesis@codetel.net.do
More than 90 percent of pediatric AIDS cases are caused by the vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child. Various treatment options are available to reduce the rate of vertical transmission, including administering either zidovudine or nevi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC617)
Ziegler JB, Fisher RJ, Law M; J.B. Ziegler, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick NSW 2031, Australia, Tel.: +61 029 382 1515, Fax: +61 293 821 580, E-mail: j.ziegler@unsw.edu.au
Background: Mother-to-child transmission (MCT) of HIV can be almost completely if mothers HIV positivity is known pre partum. In Australia antenatal (AN) HIV screening is recommended only for women reporting risk factors for HIV. Nevertheless half the Australian women known to have had a perinatally exposed child were
Background: Breast feeding is one of the two common ways in which children are infected with HIV from their mothers. This has prompted recommendations in most developed countries that HIV infected mothers do not breast feed their babies. Recent evidence from Durban, South Africa , suggests, however, that in these se
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC619)
Thaineua V, Sirinirund P, Kanshana S, Voramongkol N, Tanbanjong A, Natpratan C, Chinda-abhirakkul P, Vinard P; V. Thaineua, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Health, Tiwawond Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 02 590 4000, Fax: +66 02 591 8181, E-mail: ntphpt@loxinfo.co.th
Background: In 1987, the Royal Thai Government initiated a multi-sectoral AIDS program focusing on prevention; human rights; research; treatment and care. In 1993, while continuing to promote the Baby Friendly Initiative, formula feeding was recommended to HIV+ women. After ACTG 076 results, the Ministry of Public Hea
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrC620)
Stringer J, Stinnett A, Rouse D, Sinkala M, Goldenberg R, Vermund S;;; J. Stringer, Dept Ob-Gyn, Univ Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, MJH-120, Birmingham, AL 35233-2010, United States, Tel.: +1 205 934 7992, Fax: +1 205 934 7999, E-mail: stringer@uab.edu
Background: In the HIVNET 012 trial, women were issued a nevirapine (NVP) tablet at 36 weeks gestation and told to ingest it at the onset of labor; their infants were treated with a single dose postpartum. Vertical HIV transmission was reduced by 47%. Women who lack prenatal care, or deliver preterm - as many as 25%
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD461)
Floyd K, Reid A, Wilkinson D, Gilks C; K. Floyd, World Health Organisation, EBV unit, Dpt. for Control, Prevention and Eradication, Communicable Diseases Cluster, Geneva 1211, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 22 791 4277, Fax: +41 22 791 4199, E-mail: floydk@who.ch
Background: South Africa is experiencing one of the world s most severe HIV/AIDS epidemics. There is limited evidence concerning the economic consequences this will have for health services, especially in rural areas. Methods: The economic impact of HIV/AIDS on health services was studied in Hlabisa District, KwaZulu-
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD462)
Nghatanga M, Xoagub A; M. Nghatanga, Ministry of Health & Social Services, Private Bag 13198, Windhoek, Namibia, Tel.: +264 61 203 9111, Fax: +264 61 224 155, E-mail: nacp@iafrica.com.na
Issues: Namibia is experiencing a fast growing recent HIV epidemic and has reached a high level of HIV prevalence. The major impact of HIV disease will occur during the coming years when those who are infected will develop HIV disease. This period coincides with the second National Development Plan (NDP). Description:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD463)
Krasovec K, Barnett C, Grundmann C, Nandakumar AK, Steinberg M, Connor C, Kinghorn A, Putney P, Telyukov A; K. Krasovec, Abt Associates Inc., 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 600, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States, Tel.: +1 301 718 31 37, Fax: +1 301 658 36 18, E-mail: kathy_krasovec@abtassoc.com
Background: Because sector-wide health reforms often affect how HIV/AIDS delivery services are organized and funded, it is critical to understand how reforms in the country will affect, both negatively and positively, strategies to combat the epidemic. The PHR project has engaged in a global analysis of this impact to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD464)
Brown L, Schultz JR, Forsberg AD, King G, Kocik SM, Butler RB; L. Brown, Rhode Island Hospital, Child and Family Psychiatry, 593 Eddy Street, Rhode Island, United States, Tel.: +1 401 444 8539, Fax: +1 401 444 8742, E-mail: larrybrown@brown.edu
Background: Health care professionals working with those infected with HIV may be at risk for burnout and departure from their jobs due to stigmatization and the impact of patients deaths. Factors that prevent burnout are not often studied. Methods: Two hundred thirteen staff (doctors, nurses and mental health workers)
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD465)
Simmons D; D. Simmons, 4580 Sandown Court, Okemos, Michigan 48864, United States, Tel.: +1 517 347 8131, E-mail: simmon31@pilot.msu.edu
As the Zimbabwean government struggles to combat HIV/AIDS with limited human and material resources, traditional healers have been recognized as potentially valuable collaborators in expanding health services. Since 1988, the National AIDS Co-ordination Programme of the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare of Zimbabwe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD504)
Herrera CM, Campero L; C. M. Herrera, National Institut of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, Mor., Mexico, Tel.: +(5273) 11 01 11 ext. 2559, Fax: +(5273) 11 11 56, E-mail: cherrera@insp3.insp.mx
Issue: Women in L.A have multiple vulnerabilities: biological, epidemiological, social, economical, cultural, as well as those related to programs and policies. Often, these are a consequence of gender inequity. At the same time, they have different personal vulnerable situations linked to such things as: age, type of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD505)
Krishnan S; S. Krishnan, Swasthya Community Health Partnership, 5830 Ayala Avenue, Apt A, Oakland CA 94609, United States, Tel.: +(001) 510 420 0666, E-mail: suneeta@uclink4.berkeley.edu
Issues: Recent research has suggested that the HIV epidemic in India is no longer geographically limited to metropolitan cities, or confined to specific sub-populations such as commercial sex workers, truck drivers, and injection drug users. In fact, risk of HIV infection may be rapidly diffusing into the general po
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD506)
MacPhail C, Campbell C, Williams B, van Dam J; C. MacPhail, Miningtek, CSIR, PO Box 91230, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 358 0207, Fax: +27 11 482 3267, E-mail: cmacphai@csir.co.za
Background: The data were collected as part of a study of gender and the relative risk of HIV infection in a South African township which is being used to inform an intervention to reduce transmission of HIV. If interventions such as these are to succeed in managing the spread of infection, it is important that we unde
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD507)
Goyal RS, Bawsar R; R.S. Goyal, Indian Institute of Health Management, Jaipur 302011, India
Issues: Dialogue between people has been hailed as an effective strategy to promote appreciation for sexual health and preventive measures against HIV/AIDS It is particularly effective in the community settings, where social pressures for good normative behaviour are strong This paper presents the outcome of an operati
Issue: There is general awareness of the links between vulnerability to HIV, gender inequality, limitation of human rights, and the abuse of children. This awareness is particularly high among AIDS Service Organisations, although it is often only conceptual and not reflected in the organisation s activities. On the oth
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD509)
Boon C, Misihairabwi P, Maposhere C, Chikore J; C. Boon, Southern African AIDS Training Programme (SAT), PO Box 390 Kopje, Harare, or, PO Box BW1546 Borrowdale, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel.: +263 4 781 123, Fax: +263 4 752 609, E-mail: pcnn@harare.iafrica.com
Issue: A survey of AIDS Service Organisations in Zimbabwe revealed that issues of gender and AIDS were high on their agenda, but that they had few resources on the subject and wanted assistance in identifying and addressing gender concerns in their programmes. Description: The Southern African AIDS Training Programme a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD510)
Vargo S; S. Vargo, Education Development Center, 55 Chapel Street, Newton, MA 02458, United States, Tel.: +1 617 618 23 97, Fax: +1 617 969 39 95, E-mail: svargo@edc.org
Issues: HIV prevention research has identified effective models for intervention with at risk populations, yet prevention researchers often lack access to communities most at risk. Alternatively, community based organizations often have engaged at risk populations in services, but lack proven prevention methods. Techno
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD511)
Naidoo P, Karpakis B, Schoeman H, Hausler HP; P. Naidoo, Medical Research Council, 20 Merrick St, Observatory 7925, Cape, South Africa, Tel.: +021-448 6704, Fax: +021-448 6704, E-mail: pnaidoo@icon.co.za
Issues: TB/HIV pilot districts have been established in 4 provinces in South Africa to implement and evaluate a comprehensive package of HIV/AIDS/STD/TB prevention, care and support. An important component of the package is the involvement of community volunteers in active TB case finding, directly observed TB treatmen
Issues: The commitment to community-based HIV social research is much stronger in principle than in practice. HIV social research is dominated by quantitative behavioural monitoring studies and experimental intervention trials. Rarely do the research needs of the HIV community sector gain the resources needed or attrac
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD513)
McClure C, Bresalier M, Gillis L, McCoy L, Mykhalovskiy E, Taylor D, Webber M; C. McClure, 249 Shaw Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6J 2W7, Canada, Tel.: +1 416 533 3058, Fax: +1 416 537 9469, E-mail: mcgrubb@interlog.com
Issue: Community-based research (CBR) is a growing trend in AIDS research, encouraged by funding bodies and demanded by community-based organizations wanting to play a greater role in identifying research questions and producing knowledge that will inform policy and practice. However, the interest in CBR presently outs
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD514)
Albert D, Yuzicapi Fayant A, Anderson F, Cardinal F, Day L, Greer D, Linklater DJ, Masching R, Nowgesic E; D. Albert, Canadian Aboriginal AIDS Network, 396 Cooper Street, Suite # 409, Ottawa, Ontario, K2P 2H7, Canada, Tel.: +1 613 567 1817, Fax: +1 613 567 4652, E-mail: caan@storm.ca
Issues: Information from Health Canada s (Government of Canada) epidemiological reports is difficult to interpret and disseminate to Aboriginal communities in Canada. This is due to the technical language of epidemiology and its scientific complexity. Representatives from Aboriginal communities have participated in dis
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD515)
Schaay N, Osborne K, Abrahams S, Rasego S; N. Schaay, c/o The POLICY Project, PO Box 3580, Cape Town 8000, South Africa, Tel.: +27 021 788 7795, Fax: +27 021 788 7795, E-mail: nrschaay@iafrica.com
Issues: As greater emphasis within South Africa is being placed on a multi-sectoral approach to the management of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In order to support the development of this partnership an innovative capacity building programme was required that would begin to explore with key roleplayers how HIV/AIDS impacted
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD516)
Srithanaviboonchai K, Visrutaratna S, Van Griensvan F, Choi K-H, Mandel JS; K. Srithanaviboonchai, Sansai Hospital A. Sansai, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand, Tel.: +66 53 49 89 98, Fax: +66 53 49 89 98, E-mail: kriengkrai@cmnet.co.th
Background: Northern Thailand is located in the Golden Triangle and has one of the highest rates of HIV-1 infection in Southeast Asia. It also has a large number of legal and illegal migrants from Burma , China , and Laos who are b
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD517)
Phimphachanh C, Philavong B, Sayabounthong K, Vangvan B, Soutthamiraxay S, Sisourath K, Keomoukda P, Bennett T; C. Phimphachanh, National Committee for the Control of AIDS (NCCA), Km 3, Thaduea Road, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republ, Tel.: +856 21 315 500, Fax: +856 21 315 500, E-mail: plange@loxinfo.co.th
Issues: The Lao PDR has reported generally low rates of HIV infection (> 1.0 %) through 1998, though sub-population vulnerability to HIV and STD may be significant, and HIV rates have begun to rise in these vulnerable groups, including Lao seasonal migrants to Thailand . Surveillance data from 1999 suggest HIV rates m
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD518)
Hughes G, Hoyo C, Stein Z, Abdool-Karim S; G. Hughes, Jackson Heart Study-CC/Jackson State University, Jackson Medical Mall, 350 W. Woodrow Wilson, Suite 701, Jackson, Mississippi 39213, United States, Tel.: +1 601 8151087/+1 601 9821133, Fax: +1 601 815 1101/+1 601 9820006, E-mail: ghughjsu@netdoor.com or wsir@dixie-net.com
Background: This study examined the effect of oscillating male migration on rural Zulu women s health.The study investigated the length of male migration and it s association with three sexually transmitted disease outcomes(STD)for women:reported history of an STD;women s concern for getting an STD; and ability to comm
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD519)
Lurie M, Williams B, Sturm AW, Garnett G, Mkaya-Mwamburi D, Abdool Karim SS; M. Lurie, PO Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa, South Africa, Tel.: +27 35 550 0158, Fax: +27 35 550 1674, E-mail: luriem@mrc.ac.za
Background: This ongoing cohort study measured HIV discordance in migrant men and in their rural partners and non-migrant men and their partners in order to better understand the risk factors and transmission dynamics of the epidemic in South Africa . Methods: Migrant men from two rural South African Districts in KwaZu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD520)
Wolffers I, Fernandez I, Verghis S, Ybanez R, Nguyen Nguyen Nhu T, Mony T, Gomes V; I. Wolffers, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 108 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 444 82 66, Fax: +31 20 444 83 94, E-mail: 100256.1305@compuserve.com
Background:To understand factors that influence behaviour of migrant workers in Southeast Asia that have an impact on their vulnerability for HIV/AIDS. To support their families migrant workers in Asian countries leave their communities and social networks to work in countries where they do not understand the language,
Issues: Overseas migrant workers the earliest persistently detected group of HIV cases in Bangladesh did not receive sufficient attention from policy and intervention level. No such policy is there for pre and post counseling for mandatory HIV testing of the migrants and also there is no follow up mechanism for the dep
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD560)
Watts C, Garcia-Moreno C; C. Watts, Health Policy Unit, London Sch of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 171 927 2176, Fax: +44 171 637 5391, E-mail: charlotte.watts@lshtm.ac.uk
Issues: As we search to understand better the factors fuelling the HIV epidemic, and find out more about people s relationships and sexual experiences, violence and the fear of violence is emerging as an important issue for women. Description: The paper discusses the links between violence against women and HIV/AIDS, f
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD561)
Abrahams N, Rachel J, Laubsher R; N. Abrahams, Women's Health (CERSA), P O Box 19070 Tygerberg 7505, South Africa, South Africa, Tel.: 021 938 0445, Fax: 021 938 0310, E-mail: nabraham@mrc.ac.za
Sexual coercion in intimate relations and risks for HIV/AIDS infection are both problems promoted by gender inequality. This paper presents the findings of a study conducted amongst men. The aim of the study was to describe the patterns of male violence in intimate relations and to investigate protective and risk facto
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD562)
France N, Djeddah C, Suwanjandee J; N. France, World Health Organization, Prevention of Violence and Injury, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 22 791 3421, Fax: +41 22 791 4332, E-mail: francen@who.ch
Issues: Violence against women is a significant public health and social problem which has a substantial impact on the lives of women and children. In this context, gender-based violence can be seen as both a cause and a consequence of HIV for the most vulnerable groups. Gender-based violence poses a barrier to HIV pre
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD563)
Wood K; K. Wood, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Med., Medical Research Council, Private Bag X385, Pretoria 0001, South Africa, Tel.: +27 82 898 48 65, Fax: +27 47 531 35 90, E-mail: woodkm@yahoo.com
Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated coercive sex to be commonplace in the sexual partnerships of young South Africans. Notions of successful masculinity prevailing in township peer cultures are partially constituted in terms of ability to enforce sexual cooperation and dictate the timing and terms of sexu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD564)
Vedanthan R, Solomon S, Ganesh AK, Lindan C, Reingold A; R. Vedanthan, 333 Franconia Street, San Francisco, CA 94117, United States, Tel.: +1 415 282 6948, Fax: +1 510 643 8771, E-mail: rajeshv@socrates.berkeley.edu
Background: In India , mounting evidence suggests that traditional low-risk groups such as housewives are becoming increasingly at risk for contracting HIV infection. This paper seeks to evaluate the association between intramarital factors-such as power relations, domestic violence, control over sex, and sexual commu
Background: The risk of acquisition of AIDS through sexual violence is high in the Ivory Coast . Among 1340 females involved in our study, 16.5% said they had been raped; in which 10% occurred during childhood and 6.5% occurred during adolescence and adult life. Methods: Information exchange has been used to sensitize
Background: Adult mortality is increasing rapidly in populations affected by the AIDS epidemic, but limited data exist on the medical care utilization during terminal illness and household impact. Methods: A demographic surveillance system with ten rounds during 1994-98 provided data on mortality and households. Verbal
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD567)
Chancharoen K, Kunanusont C, Yin D; K. Chancharoen, Division of AIDS, Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Monthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 2 590 32 01, Fax: +66 2 591 84 13, 2 590 32 06, E-mail: chaiyos@health.moph.go.th
Background: A 1992 study in Thailand estimated that the average number of hospital days was 36 per AIDS patient per year and total direct medical care costs would be 125% of Thai HIV/AIDS control budget if inpatient and outpatient care (excluding antiretroviral therapy) was provided to all HIV and AIDS patients. Curren
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD568)
Lubin B, Roberts R, Stieglitz K, Moore B, Williamson M, Sherer R, Cohen M; B. Lubin, The Hektoen Institute, 627 South Wood Street, Suite 211, Chicago, IL 60612, United States, Tel.: +(312)572-3796, Fax: +(312) 738-3192, E-mail: blubin@hektoen.org
Background: The Cook County Bureau of Health Services has had a comprehensive family centered Women and Children s HIV Program (WCHP) since 1988. Methods: We assessed the cost of out patient care by calculating grant funded staff, hospital supported staff, as well as laboratory and pharmacy costs from annual hospital b
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD569)
Wu Z, Yang H, Li J, Cao Y, Guo Y, Hou D, Ying D, Wang K-A, Jin S;;; Z. Wu, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China, Tel.: +86 10 6315 2573, Fax: +86 10 6315 2573, E-mail: wuzy@public.bta.net.cn
Background: Understanding resource utilization patterns and cost of care for patients with HIV/AIDS is important for evaluating costs and benefits of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment programs. This study estimates the direct medical cost of care among HIV/AIDS patients in China . Methods: Medical costs of 97 HIV-infe
Introduction. Follow-up and prognosis of HIV patients have experienced notable changes since the introduction of HAART. HIV infection has been transformed into a disease of outpatient care and the economic cost of this disease rests mainly upon follow-up and antiretroviral drugs. Purposes: To study the expenditure caus
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD571)
Nandakumar AK, Schneider P; A.K. Nandakumar, Abt Associates Inc., 55 Wheeler Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States, Tel.: (+1617) 520-3537, Fax: (+1617) 492-5219, E-mail: a.k._nandakumar@abtassoc.com
Nearly eleven percent of the Rwandan population is estimated to have HIV/AIDS making this one of the most important health issues facing the country. One of the key research questions has been the use of and out-of-pocket expenditures on health services by this population. This study uses a sample of nearly four hundre
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD572)
Trofimov V, Lukitcheva T, Gorodezkaya I, Sokolov A; V. Trofimov, Pskovian areal AIDS center, PO Box 111, 180024, Pskov, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 811 222 16 85, Fax: +7 811 216 51 32, E-mail: caids@ellink.ru
205 000 people live in Pskov and near 100 000 people live on the near situated districts territories. The Express Assessment Situation was made in 1998. These methods help us exactly determined the number of injecting drug users (IDU s) (350-400). From 1998 the HIV prophylaxis program among drug users (DU s) works in P
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD573)
Sweat M, Samson L, Sarin E, Dorabjee J, Brahmbhatt H, Strathdee S, Samson L, Sarin E, Dorabjee J, Brahmbhatt H, Strathdee S; M. Sweat, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street Room 7140, Baltimore, MD, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 4536, Fax: +1 703 995 0615, E-mail: msweat@jhsph.edu
Background: Anecdotal reports indicate that buprenorphine injection among slum dwelling males is at an epidemic level. There is little data available on the characteristics of IDUs in India . Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 224 male IDU in a slum area of New Delhi. Information on demographics, drug and s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD574)
Robles RR, Reyes JC, Colon HM, Matos TD, Marrero CA; R.R. Robles, Uviversidad Central del Caribe, Center for Addiction Studies, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, Puerto Rico 00960-6032, United States, Tel.: +1 787 785 4211, Fax: +1 787 785 4222, E-mail: prattc@coqui.net
Background: The need to reduce cost and improve the quality of medical and preventive care is well recognized in developed and less developed countries such as Puerto Rico . However, providing quality HIV and other blood borne disease prevention among special populations, such as drug users, is often difficult because
Objective: To identify correlates of safe and unsafe syringe sources among adolescent and young adult injection drug users (IDU) who recently initiated an injecting career. Methods: IDUs aged 15-30 who had initiated injection >5 years prior were studied. Subjects underwent semi-annual risk surveys and testing for HIV a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD576)
Caiaffa W, Proeitti F, Marques L, Doneda D, Lopes A, Guimaries M, Carneiro-Proietti AB; W. Caiaffa, Federal University of Minas Gerais State, School of Medicine, UFMG, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30-130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, Tel.: +55 31 224 09 11, Fax: +55 31 224 09 11, E-mail: wcaiaffa@medicina.ufmg.br
Background: Access to sterile syringes is an important component of HIV prevention program for IDUs. Data comparing SEP participants to non-participants from outreached IDUs in Brazil are sparse. Methods: The AjUDE-Brasil Project was designed as a cross-sectional multicenter study aiming to access information on IDUs o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD577)
Vongchak T, Wiboonnatakul K, Kitisri C, Srirak N, Srithammachart L, Razak MH, Suriyanon V, Celentano DD, Jittiwutikarn J; T. Vongchak, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai university, P.O. Box 80, CMU, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand, Tel.: +66-53-942-518, Fax: +66-53-892-298, E-mail: our@loxinfo.co.th
Issue: Prospective cohort studies are needed to differentiate the possible routes (sexual or injection) and attributable risks of HIV infection among drug users as well as to monitor the incidence and changes of risks. Drug users have been considered to be hard to reach and to follow for long-term cohort studies. In a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD589)
Morisky D, Tiglao TV, Baltazar J, Detels R, Sneed C; D. Morisky, UCLA School of Public Health, Department of Comm. Health Science, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Room 26-070, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Tel.: +1 310 825 85 08, Fax: +1 310 206 29 89, E-mail: dmorisky@ucla.edu
Background: STD/HIV prevention programs have traditionally targeted the behaviors of high- risk populations, such as MSM, CSW and IDU. The purpose of this research investigation is to assess the relative effects of a peer counseling approach on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of client-centered populations cons
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD590)
Chuki Issa I; I. Chuki Issa, Tayoa (YOUTH NGO ), PO Box 8289, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of, Tel.: +255 08 1160 6982, Fax: +255 51 112 434, E-mail: isihaka@hotmail.com
Issue: Lack of coordination in HIV/AIDS control in the east and southern African region and lack of youth participation in policy formulation on HIV/AIDS. Description: Realistic of the AIDS scrourge cutting across all the teritorial boundaries in this region with high infection rates. The East and Southern Africa Youth
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD591)
Mohd Khalib A; A. Mohd Khalib, University of Malaya, 4, Jln 1/9C, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, West Malaysia, Malaysia, Tel.: +60 3 825 06 89, Fax: +60 3 443 94 55, E-mail: azferul@hotmail.com
Issue: The Internet has emerged as a new medium of communication through which whole communitites are increasingly depended on for information and interaction. This global medium has yet to be fully exploited and utilized in creating and disseminating HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention information effectively among the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD592)
Sanders-Phillips K, Cotton L, Waters M, Holeman E; K. Sanders-Phillips, The California Endowment, 21650 Oxnard Street, Suite 1200, Woodland Hills, California 91367, United States Minor Outlaying, Tel.: +818/703-3311 Ext. 244, Fax: +818/703-4193, E-mail: kphillips@calendow.org
Background: As the number of African American women exposed to AIDS in the United States increases, effort has focussed on identifying factors related to AIDS risk behaviors. This study examined relationships between preceived stress, experiences of racism, exposure to family and community violence, and AIDS prevention
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD621)
Jowitt A; A. Jowitt, University of the South Pacific, PMB 072, Port Vila, Vanuatu, Vanuatu, Tel.: 678 22 748, Fax: 678 27785, E-mail: jowitt_a@vanuatu.usp.ac.fj
Issues: Throughout the countries of the South Pacific region custom is a major, and politically sensitive, barrier to the implementation of HIV prevention programmes. Christianity is a second major barrier to the promotion of HIV awareness. The two forces often interact to form a seemingly impenetrable obstruction to t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD622)
Moses S, Abraham T, Devadass J; S. Moses, No.8, I-Floor, Thiruvallurvar Nagar, Anna Nagar East, Chennai - 600 102., India, Tel.: +91 446 461 641, Fax: +91 446 445 604, E-mail: varal@vsnl.com
Issue: Western Bio-Medical categories of homosexual and heterosexual do not adequately explain the Indian context. In fact, there is a third gender involving genetic males called Ali in South India dressing as women and being non-male and non-female. A majority of these Ali are castrated and work as sex workers perform
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD623)
Verdejo-Carriin AL, Camargo ML, Cunningham I, Rodriguez LA, Baca AL; A.L. Verdejo-Carriin, 773 Ceres Dos Pinos, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00923, Puerto Rico, Tel.: +1-787-764-0000/2925, Fax: +1-787-772-1431, E-mail: adaverdejo@igo.net
Issues: Puerto Rico has one of the highest incidences of AIDS in the Americas. Young people are at great risk for ETS, including HIV infections. One out of five mothers is a teenager. Since very little sexuality education has been offered in Puerto Rican schools thus far, we felt it was necessary to create culturally
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD624)
Gunter M, Hue L; M. Gunter, Jamaica Red Cross, 76 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, Tel.: +1 876 984 78 60, Fax: +1 876 984 82 72
Issue: Despite several years of exposure to HIV/AIDS information including the modes of transmission, churches are still denying burial rights to persons suspected to have died of AIDS. This inappropriate behaviour is as a direct result of how the church has always viewed with discomfort the genitals, sex, sex educatio
Background: In light of the increasing number of HIV/AIDS persons in sub-Saharan Africa, the rather unpredictable spread of infection across the continent and the heterosexual mode of transmission, not enough work has been done on male sexualilty and networking pattern when the wives are in the culturally proscribed po
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD626)
Becker J, Sacci I, Babamuradova M, Cagatay L; J. Becker, AVSC International, 440 Ninth Avenue, New York, NY 10001, United States, Tel.: +1 212 561 8000, Fax: +1 212 561 8067, E-mail: jbecker@avsc.org
Issues: In 1999, the UNFPA requested that AVSC International conduct counseling training for venerologists in Uzbekistan . This request was generated in part by a needs assessment that found limitations to provider knowledge of STI medical practices and counseling approaches. Experience has indicated the importance of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD627)
Ubuane L, Faleyimu B-L, Ajayi P, Aremo G; L. Ubuane, Cares, C/O Dr Bode-Law Faleyimu, Warri Hospital, KM 4. NEW PORT EXP. WAY, P.M.B 1224, Warri, Delta State., Nigeria, Tel.: +234 53 254165 ext 2224, E-mail: bofa@chevron.com
Issue: Most interventions aimed at preventing HIV transmission require individulas to know their HIV status Voluntary HIV counselling and testing is not common in Nigeria despite the reported increasing rate of HIV infection amongst the population due to stigmatization, ignornace, family rejection and societal isolatio
Background: Learning one s sex partner s HIV-infection status requires partner communication and co-operation, but the dynamics of this process are poorly understood in northern Thailand , where there male-to-female transmission in stable partnerships has been substantial. Methods: In an ongoing study of HIV incidence
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD629)
Jeche M, Guyer A, Dibi A, von Lieven A, Maponga CC, Chipato T, Bassett MT; M. Jeche, Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Project, 103 Rotten Row, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel.: +263 4 77 06 10, Fax: +263 4 74 98 65, E-mail: martha@zappuz.co.zw
Background: HIV testing is not common in Zimbabwe and is mainly performed to screen the blood supply and for diagnostic purposes. There is widespread belief that HIV testing does little good and may accelerate illness among those found HIV positive. Health workers also share these attitudes. In preparation for a use o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD630)
Gresenguet G, Bassirou B, Sehounou J, Malkin J-E, Belec L; G. Gresenguet, National Reference Center for STD and AIDS, Boite Postale 2229, Bangui, Central African Republic, Tel.: +236 61 07 30, Fax: +236 61 29 40, E-mail: crmst@intnet.cf
Issues: In 1997, the French NGO Medecins du Monde in accordance to the government of the Central African Republic (CAR) have established an Anonymous Testing Center (ATC) for the general population in the city of Bangui in order to promote HIV counselling and testing as means to prevent HIV transmission. Description: F
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD631)
Nyblade L, Gray R, Makumbi F, Lutalo T, Menken J, Wawer M, Sewankambo N, Serwadda D; L. Nyblade, International Center for Research on Women, 1717 Massachusetts Ave, NW, Suite 302, Washington, DC, United States, Tel.: +1202-797-0007, x115, Fax: +1202-797-0020, E-mail: lnyblade@icrw.org
Background: Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) is an integral part of HIV prevention, but few studies in sub-Saharan Africa have assessed use of VCT in representative populations. We evaluated the characteristics of users and non-users of VCT in a rural community cohort to assess whether VCT services are used by hi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD632)
Karkouri M, Ouagari Z, Himmich H; M. Karkouri, Alcs (Association de Lutte Contre le Sida), 17, Boulevard al Massira al Khadra, Maarif, Casablanca, Morocco, Tel.: +212 2 99 42 42, Fax: +212 2 99 42 44, E-mail: alcs@casanet.net.ma
Objective: To assess the characteristics of the consultants attending the free and anonymous HIV testing centre of the ALCS (the moroccan association for fighting against AIDS) in Casablanca, Morocco , a low prevalence country for HIV/AIDS infection. Methods: A confidential, anonymous questionnaire was completed by eve
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD633)
Arunachalam S; S. Arunachalam, Aids Prevention and Control Project, Voluntary Health Services, Chennai, India, Tel.: +009 144 235 29 65, Fax: +009 144 235 50 18, E-mail: apacvhs@giasmd01.vsnr.net.in
Issues: Barber shop is a men s domain and men visit barber shop once a month and spends half an hour talking about politics, cinema and other social issues and a captive audience of barber. And it was thought that barber shop is an ideal place and barber as ideal resource person to motivate the clientele in the reprodu
Issue: Men and women with sexually transmitted diseases do not seek medical treatment and continue to engage in risky sexual behavior due to low awareness of STD signs, symptoms and consequences, and low awareness of the asymptomatic nature of STD. Description: In collaboration with the Department of Health, USAID and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD635)
Rafiq M, Rafiq AJ, Khanani R, Shah SA, Mohammad S, Ali S; M. Rafiq, 30 Abbas square Ayesha Manzil FB-ARGA, Karachi, Pakistan, Tel.: +92 21 492 7500, Fax: +92 21 492 7501, E-mail: mrafiq@safss.org
Objective: To control spread of HIV/AIDS in a resource limited, thickly populated, low literacy level community using LHVs, TBAs, MSWs and HTs through Information, Education and Communication (IEC). LHV project was launched as a pilot project for health promotion in a highly vulnerable community of
Data gathered in public PHC structures of Bamako show that 75% of the registered cases for treatment of STD are female. Male patients seeking treatment resort in part to private pharmacies (PP), but there is no data on the volume and quality of the treatment of STD at that level in Mali . This study want to provide
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD637)
Um SC;;; S. C. Um, C/O Khana, PO Box 2311, Phnom Penh 3, Cambodia, Tel.: +855 23 211 505, Fax: +855 23 214 049, E-mail: khana@igpond.com.kh
Issues: Cambodia has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia. It is estimated that 3.75% of the population is infected with HIV. Cambodia has one of the poorest health systems in the world and a NGO sector that is still new and growing. Cambodia is a country ravaged by decades of turmoil with few resources, so AIDS i
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrD638)
Aspin C; C. Aspin, AFAO, PO Box 876, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia, Tel.: +61 2 9281 1999, E-mail: caspin@afao.org.au
Issues: Community-based organisations (CBO) have played a key role in the development of HIV/AIDS policy in Australia since the beginning of the epidemic and, in the process, have demonstrated how such organisations can be an effective voice in advocating on behalf of affected communities. In particular, CBOs have bee
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE283)
Kanthawee P, Suprawitkul S, Sinsomboontong S; P. Kanthawee, Maechan District Public Health Office, Maechan District, Chiangrai 57110, Thailand, Tel.: +66 53 660 788, Fax: +66 53 660 787, E-mail: nu31@hotmail.com
Issues: Community based care is a major component of caring to people living with HIV/AIDS. Within the community, the holistic care (health, economic, social) must be provided to the infected and affected people. The encouragement of community participation needs the sophisticated approaches and support. Description:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE466)
Bourawi A; AliBourawi, Public Scouts & Girl Guides Movement, PO Box 207, Tripoli, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Tel.: +218 21 333 66 76, Fax: +218 21 477 83 21, E-mail: aidss@hotmail.com
Issues:When aids has appear in libya at 1987 there are some obscure around this subject due to methods of transmission of AIDS, mainly sexual method, because of Arabic and Islamic tradition for Libyan individuals, and all data related to aids are not enough to deal any obscure, the field of aids education are very narr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE467)
Hu J; J. Hu, National Health Education Institute, Building 12, Block1, Anhua Xili, Andingemenwai, Beijing 100 011, China, Tel.: +86 010 642 669 58, Fax: +86 010 642 600 67, E-mail: dier@public.east.cn.net
Issues: Nowadays in the mainland China , millions of peasants, most youngsters, swarm into cities to look for work. They often lack of knowledge about STDs and AIDS. Some of them engage in sexual promiscuity, homosexuality. Therefore, they are regarded as one of high-risk populations. Effective method of prevention and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE468)
Nevin T; T. Nevin, RFSU Stockholm, Drottninggatan 61, S-111 21 Stockholm, Sweden, Tel.: +46-8-4119021, Fax: +46-8-4119028, E-mail: tina.nevin@rfsu.se
Background: RFSU (Swedish Association of Sex Education) is an NGO that has operated for more than 60 years. A positive approach towards human sexuality is our educational aim in order to prevent STI including HIV-infections and unwanted pregnancies. RFSUs local branch in Stockholm has a long history of young adult pee
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE469)
Fernando F, Fleras J; F. Fernando, Reachout AIDS Education Foundation, 2030 Adriatico St., Malate, Manila 1004, Philippines, Tel.: +632 526 68 87, Fax: +632 523 88 61, E-mail: reachout@pworld.net.ph
Issue: Many adolescents and young adults living and working within urban-poor communities in metropolitan areas are engaged in risky sexual behaviours.These expose them to the dangers of unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Despite this scenario, very limited reproductive health services are available
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE522)
Burris S, Lazzarini Z, Gostin L; S. Burris, Temple Law School, 1719 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States, Tel.: +1 215 204 6576, Fax: +1 215 204 1185, E-mail: burris@vm.temple.edu
Issues: Law, including human rights law, is widely seen as an important structural factor in health. Some HIV risks (e.g. poor access to sterile injection equipment) have been blamed on law, and law has been used to change unhealthy attitudes (e.g. stigma) or behaviors (e.g. unsafe sex). More generally, as Jonathan Man
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE523)
Mulenga P;;; P. Mulenga, UNZA, POBox 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
Issues: Several years of addressing and responding to the HIV/AIDS epidemic have revealed that many well-meaning and seemingly successful intervention strategies in preventing the transmission of HIV/AIDS may be undermined if a human rights based response is not included. To this extent, the need to fully understand a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE524)
Godwin J, McLean S, Walker S; J.Godwin, National AIDS Trust, 196 Old Street, London EC1V 9FR, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 78 14 67 27, Fax: +44 20 72 16 01 11, E-mail: john.godwin@nat.org.uk
Issues: The United Kingdom is at a critical juncture in the development of a human rights culture. Initiatives in 2000 include the establishment of a Disability Rights Commission and commencement of the Human Rights Act. The current year also sees strategies being drafted by government addressing the UK s domestic and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE525)
Doudnik R, Savelieva I, Nedzelskiy N; R. Doudnik, The Russian NAMES Fund, B. Pereyaslavskaya 52/55, Building 1, 129110 Moscow, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 95 933 42 33, Fax: +7 95 933 42 33, E-mail: social@aids.ru
Issues: Discrimination and violation of human rights in the context of AIDS are common in Russia . An important obstacle that prevents people with HIV/AIDS from effectively exercising their rights is the inconsistency of Russian legislation. Russian laws and regulations often contradict each other and are incompatible
Issues: Sound analysis of legal and ethical questions is integral to ensuring care, treatment and support to people living with HIV/AIDS and those affected. Previous in-depth analysis in Canada has examined several areas with implications for care and treatment issues, such as: drug laws and policies, vaccine research;
Issues: Legislation guarantees access to care/treatment for Argentine citizens since 90, but accessibility isn t guaranteed. In 1996 eight NGOs submitted a legal action against the Ministry of Health for the failure to supply medicines. The Court obliged it to comply the care, treatment and drugs supply. Description:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE580)
Garcia D, Monzon OT, De Los Reyes MR, Ditangco RA; D. Garcia, 2515-C Tindalo Street, Tondo, Manila, Philippines, Tel.: +632 536 55 09, Fax: +632 536 55 12, E-mail: domgar@hotmail.com
Issue: (1) Less than 2,000 HIV/AIDS have been reported in the Philippines (January 1986-2000) and care provided most in two (2) tertiary hospitals in Metro Manila. (2) Few medical practitioners possess needed skills in management including counseling. (3) The number of HIV/AIDS continues to escalate slowly. (4) Behavio
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE581)
Dhaliwal M; M. Dhaliwal, 7/10 Botawalla Building 2nd Floor Horniman, Circle Fort, Mumbai 400023, India, Tel.: +91 22 267 621 3/9, Fax: +91 22 270 25 63, E-mail: aidslaw@vsnl.com
Issue: Thought the legal position is clear that public health care institutions/providers cannot refuse medical care for PWA, PWA do encounter much discrimination vis-a-vis access to health care and thus their right to health is often violated. There is an urgent need for advocacy with the health care sector in order t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE582)
Kangethe SW, Legrand P, Biot M; S.W. Kangethe, Medecins Sans Frontieres Belgium, PO Box 38897, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254 2 570 021, Fax: +254 2 572 157, E-mail: hiv.support@msfb.or.ke
Issues: A comprehensive care project for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH/A) aims at improving quality of life and at increasing life expectancy. It follows 230 patients at hospital, health center and home. Records of 436 patients and problems in program implementation are described. Description: 2/3 of the patients f
Issues: TAMPEP is a project which spans 18 European countries. It is a model of intervention, reaching a total of 25 different migrant groups of women and transgender peaple from Eastern Europe, South East Asia, Africa and Latin America. Description: TAMPEP provides migrant sex workers with culturally appropriate HIV/S
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE585)
Souksavannh O, Duangpraserth S, Calabria MA; O. Souksavannh, CARE International - Lao PDR, POBox 4328, Lao People's Democratic Republ, Tel.: +856-21-217-988, Fax: +856-21-214-415, E-mail: hivrh@carelaos.org
Issues: In Laos , Beer Bar Girls (BBGs) serve beer to patrons of small drink shops and serve as dance partners at dancing halls. Some, but not all, BBGs provide sexual services also. However, in Laos, prostitution is strictly prohibited. Drinking establishments are policed and closed if suspected of providing sexual s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE586)
Guillemaut F; F. Guillemaut, Cabiria, 7 Rue Puits-Gaillot, PO Box 1145, 69203 Lyon cedex 7, France, Tel.: +33 478 300 265, Fax: +33 478 309 745, E-mail: cabiria@wanadoo.fr
Issue: How to manage or resolve conflicts between local and migrant sex workers so as to ensure accessibility of HIV/AIDS services to all sex workers. Description: Cabiria is a non-prejudicial sex work project offering various services to sex workers in Lyon, France without regard to their place of origin or other con
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE587)
Desai A, Merchant S; A. Desai, PSI/INDIA, 149/151 Cursondas Natha Trust Building, Raja Ram Mohan Roy Road, Prarthana Samaj, Bombay 400004, India, Tel.: +91 22 387 08 83, Fax: +91 22 387 14 15, E-mail: shilpa_merchant@hotmail.com
Issue: The rationale of communication is rooted in the specific need and the objective of the red light district project and hence should be viewed in the context of the overall program strategy rather than as an independent activity. The nature of communication strategy is an idiosyncratic function of the environment
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE588)
Mistra K, Roy I, Sandhyn S, Ghosh B, Bagdi U, Pavamani V; K. Mistra, The Calcutta Samaritans, 48 Rippon Street, Calcutta 700 016, India, Tel.: +91 33 229 5920, Fax: +91 33 217 8097, E-mail: calsam@satyam.net.in
Issue: Ferry type of sex workers being invisible, are hard to reach and are at the greatest risk of contracting and spreading STD/HIV infection. Moreover they having a direct link with the sex trade and the general population, HIV infection is likely to engulf the general population. Description: The Calcutta Samaritan
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE639)
Fernandes ME, Lourenco A, Lamptey P, Schellstede W; M. E. Fernandes, Associacao Saude da Familia, Rua Francisco Iasi, 94, 05407-050 - Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 815 86 93, Fax: +55 11 210 11 32, E-mail: melfsp@attglobal.net
Issues: Brazil is the fifth country in size and population and has the world s ninth largest economy. The commercial sector is vast and the gross national product per capita is U$ 4.360. However, the World Bank classifies Brazil as one of the World s champions of social inequality. Economic stagnation in the 1980 s lef
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE640)
Ramalingam V, Jayaraman G; V. Ramalingam, 11/2 Waddels Road Kilpauk, Chennai 600 010, India, Tel.: +91 44 641 3500, Fax: +91 44 6412 727, E-mail: vimalaramalingam@hotmil.com
Issues: There have been many instances where people living with HIV/AIDS are discriminated against in the present health care system- These people are denied basic medical facilities like proper attention, admission, and operation. Even the few medical personnel who are willing to help them are not able to do so as the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE641)
Burris S, Rich J, Lazzarini Z; S. Burris, Temple University Law School, 1719 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States, Tel.: +1 215 204 6576, Fax: +1 215 204 1185, E-mail: BURRIS@vm.temple.edu
Issues: Injection drug users (IDUs) are a medically under-served population almost everywhere. Greater physician involvement in their health needs can lead to better HIV prevention, better health outcomes, and, equally important, better physician involvement as advocates for rational and effective drug control policies
Issues: HIV testing in Canada has generally been conducted by laboratories using both screening and confirmatory tests, with only confirmed results reported. Manufacturers have applied for licenses to sell kits for rapid HIV screening tests, for use by health professionals at the point of care . Policy regarding the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE643)
Lundrigan P, Binder L, Conners J, McAulay T, LaForce C, Hillson G, Jackson R, Mills R, Clark-Dunning G; P. Lundrigan, Canadian Treatment Advocates Council, P. O. Box 116, Station "F", Toronto, Ontario, M4Y 2L5, Canada, Tel.: +1 416 422 2179, Fax: +1 416 422 2900, E-mail: ctac@sympatico.ca
Background: The Canadian Treatment Advocates Council is a national organization driven by people living with HIV/AIDS advocating for the research and development of HIV treatments, a cure, and for fair and equitable access to HIV treatments. Our mandate is to advocate with government and pharmaceutical companies on HIV
Issues: In a country where almost 80% HIV spread has been through sexual transmission, unscrupulous traders, taking advantage of increasing use of condoms, are procuring low-priced, free-issue or even expired condoms, repacking in attractive boxes and selling them as imported condoms at higher prices. Crude methods bei
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE645)
Vongchak T, Razak MH, Jittiwutikarn J, Short O, Timpan U, Punyatip P, Srirak N, Celentano DD, Suriyanon V; T. Vongchak, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, P.O Box 80 Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand, Tel.: +66-53-942-518, Fax: +66-53-892-298, E-mail: our@loxinfo.co.th
Issue: Although injecting drug users (IDU) remain at high risk for HIV infection in northern Thailand , the number of IDU seeking for detoxification has decreased in recent years at Northern Drug Dependence Treatment Center (NDTC). Attempts were made to reach out to IDU for detoxification and for HIV prevention. Projec
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE646)
Rossi D, Cymerman P, Erenu N, Faraone S, Goltzman P, Rojas E, Touze G, Vazquez S; D. Rossi, Intercambios, Corrientes 2548 1 E, Buenos Aires (1046), Argentina, Tel.: +54 11 495 472 72, Fax: +54 11 495 472 72, E-mail: intercam@cvtci.com.ar
Issues: In Argentina 41% of AIDS cases are related to injecting drug use. In spite of these data, there were no syringe exchange programs. A research and intervention project oriented to HIV prevention among injecting drug users (IDUs) began in 1998 developed by Intercambios with UNAIDS
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE647)
Jana S, Talukder TK, Sharif N, Islam K, Bhuiyan KA, Sutradhar BC, Adhikary SK, Mondal SC, Jenkins C; S. Jana, House 60, Road 7A, Dhanmondi Dhaka 1209, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh, Tel.: +880 2 911 22 41, Fax: +880 2 811 41 83, E-mail: carehiv@bangla.net
Background: Following a base line study in Oct. 97 an intervention program was launched among the IDUs in Dhaka, based on the harm reduction strategy to reduce transmission of HIV. Methods: An IDU population of 3200 was reached through 7 drop-in centers in different parts of the city, with a strong outreach component a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE648)
Jnrgens R, Elliott R, Roy D, Bessner R, Riley D, Oscapella E; R. Jnrgens, Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, 484 McGill Street, Suite 400, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Tel.: +1-514-397 6828 ext 223, Fax: +1-514-397 8570, E-mail: ralfj@aidslaw.ca
Issues: Legal issues create barriers to appropriate care, support and treatment for HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs), and to prevention of HIV infection among IDUs. In particular, service providers may be caught between legal constraints and ethical demands in providing services to IDUs. Description: Through a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE649)
Christen P, Mullen J, Grossman N; P. Christen, San Francisco AIDS Foundation, 995 Market Street, 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94103, United States, Tel.: +1 415 487 3050, Fax: +1 415 487 3059, E-mail: pchriste@sfaf.org
Issues: Community members and service providers concerned about the impact of moving needle exchange sites u from outdoor, street-based venues to indoor sites u frequently cited anecdotal evidence about the effect on exchanger utilization and number of syringes exchanged as reasons not to disrupt existing service deliv
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WeOrE650)
Lazzarini Z, Shapiro J, Burris S; Z. Lazzarini, University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Community Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave. MC-6325, Farmington, CT 06030-6325, United States, Tel.: +1 860 679 54 94, Fax: + 860 679 54 64, E-mail: lazzarini@nso.uchc.edu
Issues: Physicians treating injection drug users (IDUs) know their patients are at risk of contracting HIV and other blood borne infections. Infected IDUs risk transmitting disease to their syringe-sharing partners, sex partners and children. If IDUs cannot, or will not, quit or enter treatment, the best way to prevent
Background: To follow-up the dynamic of IL-2 (Th1 type) and IL-6 (Th2 type) production and to correlate it with markers of cell-activation and function during natural history and specific antiretroviral therapy. Materials and Methods: 20 Bulgarian patients, receiving double
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3982)
Pierdominici M, Giovannetti A, Mazzetta F, Marziali M, Salemi S, Aiuti F; M. Pierdominici, Viale dell'Universita 37, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 06 4997 2017, Fax: +39 06 446 6209, E-mail: giovannetti@uniroma1.it
Background: The marked inhibition of HIV-1 replication induced by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may result in substantial immunological changes. We investigated the effects of HAART on cytokine production with the aim to better define the functional changes induced by antiretroviral therapy. Methods: An
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3983)
Lichtner M, Mengoni F, Marzi M, D'Agostino C, Massetti AP, Russo G, Mastroianni CM, Vullo V; M. Lichtner, University La Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 331, 00161 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +390649972627, Fax: +390649972625, E-mail: v.vullo@caspur.it
Background: Clinical experience in HAART-treated patients showed that HIV-1 protease inhibitor-based therapy can lead to immune-restoration even in the absence of complete viral suppression. Recently an immunomodulatory effect of protease inhibitors (PIs) has been postulated. Objective: We have evaluated the in vitro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3984)
d'Ettorre G, Forcina G, Mengoni F, D'Agostino C, Lichtner M, Santopadre P, Mastroianni CM, Vullo V; G. d'Ettorre, University La Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 331, 00161 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 649 972 627, Fax: +39 649 972 625, E-mail: v.vullo@caspur.it
Background: Interleukin (IL)-15 is a novel cytokine, produced by monocytes/macrophages, with biological activities similar to IL-2 because of common receptor components. Objective: To evaluate the production of IL-15 by stimulated PBMC from patients with HIV-1 infection. Methods: Three groups of patients were studied:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3985)
Nossik D, Kaplina E, Lobach O, Tsutsumi R, Takahashi K, Sato S, Lvov D; D. Nossik, D.I.Ivanovski Institute of Virology RAMS, Gamaleya Street, 16, 123098 Moscow, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 95 190 2843, Fax: +7 95 190 2867, E-mail: nossik2@glasnet.ru
Background: Numerous cytokines and hemokines are involved in inflammatory and immune response but not all effects of some of them are so clear. The aim of the study was to analyse the antiviral effect of the complexes of salmon DNA with metals and of a new factor(s)antiviral factor, AVF)induced in cells by the complexe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3986)
Jiang Y, Zhao Q, Wang G, Ma L, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Wang D, Shao Y;;; Y. Jiang, no 27 Nanwei Road Xuanwugu, 100050 Beijing, China, Tel.: +086 106 302 48 98, Fax: +086 106 315 46 38, E-mail: jiangyan@midwest.com.cn
Background: Xijinag is one of the most serious areas of HIV infection in China , in order to know the cellular immune status of HIV positive subjects in the area, we investigated the level of IL-2 , IFNg , IL-4 and IL-10 in plasma and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HIV positive indeviduals.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3987)
Maria Angeles M-F, Jose Maria B, Rebeca A, Salvador R; M-F. Ma ngeles, C/ Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 586 85 65, Fax: +34 91 586 80 18, E-mail: Mmunoz@cbm.uam.es
We have analysed proliferation and cytokine production (IFN-g, IL12, IL-5 and TNF-a) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) activated or not with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in HIV-1-infected pregnant women, untreated or with the antiretroviral zidovudine , that greatly reduces vertical HIV-1 transmission, and
Addition of nitric oxide donors (SNP or SNAP) to the HIV-1 infected PBMC culture had a significant viral replication and this effect was not asssociated to a subtantial change in PBMC proliferation. On the other hand, HIV-1 replication was partially prevented by the specific NOS inhibitor L-NMMA or L-NIL. Simiral resul
The reversal of immune dysfunction in individuals living with HIV is part of the goal of aggressive anti-HIV therapy. Monitoring of cytokine panels in patients enrolled in clinical trials may reveal their role in mediating complex immune interactions. The assay most frequently used for monitoring secreted cytokines by
Background: AIDS-KS cells constitutively produce and respond to array of cytokines suggesting an autocrine growth loop in KS etiology. We have recently reported that AIDS-KS cells express receptors for a Th2-derived immunoregulatory cytokine, interleukin-13 (IL-13). Since IL-13 has been implicated to be involved in HIV
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3991)
Giovannetti A, Mazzetta F, Pierdominici M, Marziali M, Iebba F, Aiuti F; A. Giovannetti, Viale dell' Universite 37, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 64 997 20 17, Fax: +39 64 46 62 09, E-mail: giovannetti@uniroma1.it
Background: Chemokine receptors are used by HIV-1 to entry into CD4 T cells. During the early stages of disease HIV-1 isolates are monocytotropic and use CCR5 (C5), whereas progression is associated with the emergence of syncytium-inducing viruses that bind CXCR4 (CX4). Highly active antretroviral therapy (HAART) supp
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3992)
Skolnik P, Mathys JM, Melanson S, Gainer H; P. Skolnik, Tufts-New England Medical Ctr, 750 Washington St., NEMC 67, Boston, MA 02111, United States, Tel.: 617-636-7008, Fax: 617-636-3216, E-mail: pskolnik@lifespan.org
Objective:The beta-chemokines may influence HIV-related disease progression by altering HIV entry or replication. The lung is an important site for HIV replication where quasispecies may differ from peripheral blood and provide a reservoir for HIV infection. We studied the production of beta-chemokines by AMs after in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3993)
Nelson M, Burton CT, Davis L, Hardy G, Gazzard B, Gotch FM, Imami N; M. Nelson, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0181 746 5610, Fax: +44 0181 746 8537, E-mail: sandra.mead@chelwest.org
Background: Persistent activation of the immune system is a common immunopathogenic feature of HIV-1 infection. It has been shown that the b chemokines, RANTES, macrophage inhibitory protein MIP-1a and MIP-1b are soluble suppressors of macrophage tropic strains of HIV-1 infection in vitro. It has also been shown that f
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3994)
Dolei A, Biolchini A, Curreli S, Ziccheddu M, Serra C, Dolei A; A. Dolei, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, I-07100 Sassari, Italy, Tel.: +39 79 228 304, Fax: +39 212 345, E-mail: doleivir@ssmain.uniss.it
Background: Epithelial cells are the first cells encountered by HIV during sexual transmission and breastfeeding; they may replicate HIV both in vivo and in vitro and spread internalised virus by transcytosis. We studied in vitro CCR5 and CXCR4 modulation and entry of T- or M-tropic HIVs in epithelial cells of cervical
Background: Cellular resistance to HIV-infection could be determined by low HIV-coreceptor expression and high intracellular beta-chemokine expression. The objective of the study was to compare the expression of HIV-1 coreceptors and beta-chemokines in EU FSWs, HIV+ FSWs and uninfected controls in Abidjan. Methods: Fro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3996)
Kanki P, Sankale J-L, Kokkotou E, MBoup S, Gueye-NDiaye A, Essex M; P. Kanki, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard AIDS Institute, 651 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States, Tel.: +1617-432-1267, Fax: +1617-432-3575, E-mail: pkanki@hsph.harvard.edu
Objectives: A 12 year prospective study (1985-97) of HIV-2 infected individuals in Senegal , West Africa has demonstrated a reduced risk of subsequent HIV-1 infection ranging from 52-74%(Science 268: 1612; Science 272:1959). We used an HIV-1 in vitro challenge system to determine if PBMCs from HIV-2 infected individual
Background: The 32 base-pair (bp) deletion in the b-chemokine receptor CCR5 (CCR5-D32) is protective against transmission and progression of HIV in adults, but it has not been shown to be protective against VT. The stromal cell-derived factor 3 untranslated region (SDF-3 UTR) mutation has a complex effect on the HIV-ho
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3998)
Burger H, Tarwater P, Kleeberger C, Gange S, Vermund S, Anastos K, Cohen M, Greenblatt R, Kovacs A, Minkoff H, Young M, Miotti P, Philpott S, Weiser B; H. Burger, Wadsworth Center, New York State Dept. of Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, United States, Tel.: +1 518 486 43 23, Fax: +1 518 473 41 10, E-mail: burger@wadsworth.org
Background: HIV-1 is spreading rapidly in women worldwide. The human gene for CCR5, a coreceptor for HIV-1, affects susceptibility to infection, and people homozygous for a deleted form of the gene, D32, are unlikely to be infected. Studies of mostly male cohorts found that D32 heterozygotes were not protected against
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA3999)
Willem P, Ludewick H, Naran N, Chetty C; P. Willem, Wits Medical School, Haematology Department, 8 York Road, 2193 Parktown, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 489 85 08, Fax: +27 11 489 84 80, E-mail: 075will@chiron .wits.ac.za
Background: The rate of progression to AIDS varies among HIV infected individuals. Host factors affecting the rate of progression have been identified in the form of polymorphism in HIV coreceptors/ chemokine receptors CCR5, CCR2 and in the CXCR4 ligand, SDF1.We assessed the prevalence of the CCR5 D32, CCR2-641 and SDF
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4000)
Sasaki H, Kobayashi M, Nomoto K, Nokta MA, Pallard RB, Suzuki F; H. Sasaki, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, United States, Tel.: +1 409 747 1856, Fax: +1 409 747 1857, E-mail: hsasaki@utmb.edu
Background: Z-100 has been used clinically in Japan for treatment of X-ray-induced leukopenia. Recently, the anti-HIV activity of Z-100 in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from AIDS patients has been described. Additionally, the MIP-1a inducing activity of Z-100 has recently been demonstrated in cu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4001)
Shalekoff S, Pendle S, Johnson D, Tiemessen CT; S. Shalekoff, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 321 42 00, Fax: +27 11 882 05 96, E-mail: sharons@niv.ac.za
Background: Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is endemic in South Africa and tuberculosis is the most common opportunistic infection in HIV seropositive individuals in Africa. The relationship between the in vivo expression on peripherals leukocytes of the major HIV coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5, u
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4002)
Bugarini R, Pezzotti P, Andreoni M, Neipel F, Schulz TF, Schatz O, Ensoli B, Rezza G; R. Bugarini, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Roma, Italy, Tel.: 0039-06-49902337, Fax: 0039-06-49387210, E-mail: roberto.bugarini@iss.it
Background: Various assays for detecting HHV-8 antibodies have been proposed, but since there is still no gold standard, their sensitivity and specificity cannot be determined. However, when previous knowledge is available (e.g., presence of KS), a Bayesian statistical approach can be used. Methods: Sera from 455 indiv
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4003)
Buonaguro F, Tornesello ML, Salatiello I, Buonaguro L, Monaco M, Visciano ML, Beth-Giraldo E, Giraldo G; F. Buonaguro, Ist. Naz. Tumori "Fond. G. Pascale", Cappella Cangiani, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Tel.: +39 081 590 38 30, Fax: +39 081 590 38 30, E-mail: buonaguro@libero.it
Background: To identify HHV-8 variants and their pathogenic role in KS lesions from HIV-positive as well as HIV-negative patients, recruited in Europe ( Greece and Italy ), America (USA and Brazil ) and East Africa ( Uganda and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4004)
Muller A, Bendick C, Diehl V, Fotkenheuer G, Salzberger B, Franzen C; A. Muller, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann Str. 9, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Tel.: +49 221 478 5470, Fax: +49 221 478 5915, E-mail: A.Mueller@Uni-Koeln.de
Background: HHV-8 is linked to several human diseases including HIV-associated Kaposi s sarcomas (KS), classic KS, posttransplant KS, and primary effusion lymphomas. The prevalence of KS in HIV-infected patients in Cambodia is very low. Many seroepidemiologic studies about HHV-8 have been published but only limited dat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4005)
Gerard L, Agbalika F, Sheldon J, Maillard A, Schulz T, Oksenhendler E, Clauvel JP; L. Gerard, Service d'Immuno-hematologie, Hopital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 1 42 49 47 31, Fax: +33 1 42 49 47 31, E-mail: l.gerard@vjf.inserm.fr
Background: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is closely associated with Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), HIV-associated Castelman s disease and primary effusion lymphoma. As a high frequency of non-Hokgkin s lymphoma (NHL) has been reported in patients with HIV-associated KS, we hypothesized that HHV-8 infection could be indirectly i
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4006)
Caterino-de-Araujo A, Santos-Fortuna E, Rodrigues E, Oyafuso LK; A. Caterino-de-Araujo, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. DR Arnaldo, 355 11 Secao De Imunologia, Sao Paulo 01246-902, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 306 101 11/ 20 65, Fax: +55 11 853 35 05, E-mail: caterino@ial.sp.gov.br
Back ground: Determine the impact of anti-herpesvirus and anti-retroviral therapies on the clearance of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), searching for DNA sequences in Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) lesions and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) cases. Methods: Paired biopsy
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4007)
Kaaya EE, Kitinya J, Schulz TF, Castanos Velez E, Ekman M, Biberfeld P; E.E. Kaaya, Department of Pathology, PO Box 65023, Dar Es Salaam, Sverige, Tel.: +255 511 511 17, Fax: +255 511 513 50, E-mail: hdhma@muchs.ac.tz
Background: To study: (a) the presence of KSHV/HHV-8 DNA in biopsies of Tanzanian patients with endemic (EKS) or AIDS-related (AKS) Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), (b) the seroprevalence of HVKS/HHV-8 in adult patients with KS, in children with and without HIV infection and in healthy blood donors. Methods: Eighty three biopsie
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4008)
Carneiro P, Kaaya EE, Kitinya J, Zou J-Z, Biberfeld P; P. Carneiro, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, MUCHS - Paediatric Clinic, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of
Background: The recently discovered Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) Herpes virus (KSHV/HHV-8) is besides KS, associated with other conditions like the rare body cavity lymphoma/primary effusion lymphoma (BCBL/PEL) and multicentric Castleman s disease (MCD). The association of the virus with other lymphomas has remained controver
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4009)
Malnati M, Broccolo F, Locatelli G, Nozza S, Lusso P, Lazzarin A, Tambussi G; M.Malnati, Scientific Institute H S. Raffaele, Human Virology Unit, DIBIT, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 2 2643 4903, Fax: +39 2 2643 4905, E-mail: mauro.malnati@hsr.it
Backround: IL-2-based therapeutical protocols combined to HAART are an emerging strategy for the treatment of HIV-infected individuals. Besides its immunomodulatory role, IL-2, however, may exert inductive effects on the expression of certain retroviruses, such as HIV-1 itself and HTVL-I. We have retrospectively invest
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4011)
Sundaram R;;; R. Sundaram, "Eljeeva", 26, Meenakshi Street, Lake View Gardens, K.K. Nagar, Madurai - 625020, India, Tel.: +91 452 580136, E-mail: smenon@jnjin.jnj.com
Background: To study the breakdown of Oral Candidiasis, the most common opportunistic fungal infection in HIV +ve persons, with itraconazole capsules, the existing modalities of treatment not yielding satisfactory results. Methods: 65 persons were selected who are HIV +ve and having oral
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4012)
Mackie N, Lamba H, Scullard G; N. Mackie, St.Mary's Hospital, Jefferiss Wing, Praed Street, Paddington, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 7886 19 26, Fax: +44 20 7886 66 45, E-mail: n_mackie@yahoo.com
Background: We describe 3 cases of HIV positive men, with previously documented negative anti-HCV antibody tests, who presented with an acute hepatitis, and who subsequently tested anti-HCV positive. Methods: A retrospective case-notes audit of patients attending the HIV department at St.Mary s Hospital with symptomati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4013)
Atzori C, Micheli V, Agostoni F, Mainini A, Angeli E, Craveri A, Cargnel A; C. Atzori, II Dept Infect. Dis.- L.Sacco Hospital, L.Sacco Hospital, via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 02 3579 9379, Fax: +39 02 3820 0909, E-mail: c_atzori@hotmail.com
Background: since HAART introduction PCP events have dropped among AIDS patients, this effect has been commonly interpreted as due to immune reconstitution. We previously demonstrated that indinavir ,
Background: Opportunistic infections caused by fungi are common in HIV-infected patients. Our interest was focused on severe infections as indicated by detectable fungemia. Methods: Medical charts available for patients having positive blood cultures with fungi were retrospectively (1989 to 1998) reviewed, in particula
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4015)
Pineda JA, Melguizo I, Rosa R, Mira JA, Delgado J, Ramos AJ, Macfas J, Sanchez-Quijano A, Leal M, Lissen E; J.A. Pineda, Viral Hepatitis and AIDS Study Group, Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Carretera de Cadiz s/n, 41014 Seville, Spain, Tel.: 954596248, Fax: 954248249, E-mail: vergara@cica.es
Background: Several opportunistic infections occur in HIV-1 infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Such phenomenon has been suggested to occur the symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis (SVL). The aim of this study was to determine if HAART may facilitate the evolution of LSV to SVL. Meth
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4016)
Germani Y, Mossoro C, Aidara A, Yassibanda S, Sow P, Minssart P, Perret J, Morvan J; Y. Germani, Institut Pasteur, POBox 923, Bangui, Central African Republic, Tel.: +236 61 85 83, Fax: +236 61 01 09, E-mail: germani@intnet.cc
HIV-infected adult diarrhea is a public health problem in Africa, having in view the often failures in the actual UN-AIDS algorithms. The aim of this study was to improve the management of AIDS-related diarrhea. The subjects were submitted to clinical examination and blood and stool specimens were taken. Two algorithms
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4017)
Vilar FJ, Alfirevic A, Wilkins EG, Pirmohamed M, Park BK; F.J. Vilar, North Manchester General Hospital, Delauneys Road, Manchester. M8 6RB, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 161 7954 567, Fax: +44 161 7202 562, E-mail: javivilar@latinmail.com
Background: The most effective treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) is trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). The use of this drug in patients with HIV, however, has been hampered by the high frequency of hypersensitivity reactions, which is thought to be mediated by the toxic hydroxylamine and nit
Background: HIV/HCV coinfection is common in hemophiliacs, and it has been associated with higher hepatitis C viral loads and more rapidly progressive liver disease and AIDS. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of clinical and epidemiological factors associated with HIV/HCV coinfection in hemop
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4019)
Rendon-Maldonado JG, Espinosa-Cantellano M, Soler C, Torres JV, Martinez-Palomo A; J.G. Rendon-Maldonado, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, 2508 IPN Av., Mexico, Tel.: +52 5 5747 7000 ext 5617, Fax: +5 25 5747 9890, E-mail: jose_rendon@hotmail.com
Several studies indicate that there is a close relationship between Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and HIV infection. One of the more common STDs is human urogenital trichomoniasis, which is caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. The incidence of infection by this parasite is aproximately 7.4% in the gene
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4020)
Alvarado-Diez R, Feregrino-Goyos M, Ruiz-Campos O; R. Alvarado-Diez, Lago Ontario 15, Tacuba, Mexico City, 11410, Mexico, Tel.: +52 5 272 64 77, Fax: +52 5 527 32 23, E-mail: citaid96@df1.telmex.net.mx
Background: Herpes and varicella zoster are painfull and inexpected complications of immunodeficiency as cancer or HIV/AIDS. Current treatmente is acyclovir . Valaciclovir is a modificated molecule of acyclovir who increase the serum levels, absortion and effective. Methods: Cross sectional comparing the evolution HI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4021)
Makakole S, Sturm AW; S. Makakole, Univ of Natal Medical School, Microbiology Dept, P/Bag 7, Congella 4013, South Africa, Tel.: +27 - 31 - 3603195, Fax: +27 - 31 - 2604431, E-mail: MAKAKOLES@MED.UND.AC.ZA
Background: H. ducreyi is the causative agent of chanroid, a sexually transmitted genital ulcer disease (GUD) that has been implicated in increased transmission of HIV. Incidences of chancroid have dropped from 35% in 1995 to 6% in 1998 in Durban, South Africa , while
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4022)
Preiser W, Cinatl jr. J, Bittoova M, Margraf S, Vogel J-U, Doerr HW; W. Preiser, J. W. Goethe University Hospital, Inst. f. Med. Virology, Paul hrlich-Str. 40, D - 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Tel.: +49 69 63 01 51 50, Fax: +49 69 63 01 64 77, E-mail: w.preiser@em.uni-frankfurt.de
Background: Human cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in AIDS patients frequently progresses despite potent anti-CMV drug therapy. The ability of CMV to alter cellular gene expression may be an additional pathogenetic factor. CMV infection suppresses thrombospondin (TSP) types 1 and 2 expression, extracellular glycoprot
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4023)
Maynart M, Sow PS, Coll Sech AM, Lievre L, Kony S, Ngom Gueye NF, Bassene E, Metro A, Ndoye I, Ba D, Coulaud JP, Costagliola D; M. Maynart, INSERM U88, Hopital National de Saint Maurice, 14 rue du Val d'Osne, 94415 Saint Maurice, France, Tel.: +33 01 4518 3854, Fax: +33 01 4518 3889, E-mail: m.maynart@st-maurice.inserm.fr
At a time when international initiatives for antiretroviral therapy are being launched in developing nations, no consensus has been reached on the prevention of opportunistic infections. The initial results of Ivory Coast study pointed out the cotrimoxazole efficacy and good tolerance. At the same time, a randomised pl
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4024)
Diagbouga S, Chiron JP, Sanou O; S. Diagbouga, Centre Muraz- OCCGE, BP 153, Bobo-Diolasso 01, Burkina Faso
Background: To compare the modifications in peripheral memory and naive CD4 subsets in West-African people with chronic HIV infection and/or pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods: CD4, CD8, CD29bright, CD45RA phenotypic changes were assessed in PBMCs from 43 HIV-negative healthy controls, 85 HIV-infected patients withou
HIV-related visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is associated with a poor response to treatment, a high relapse rate and a shortened survival. There are no available data regarding the impact of HAART on the outcome of HIV-related VL. Objective: To compare the impact on survival of HAART versus NRTI monotherapy/no therapy in H
VL is a frequent complication of HIV infection in Spain . Objetive: To describe the clinical features and outcome of VL in a large series of HIV-infected (HIV+) and non-HIV-infected (HIV-) pts. Results: We diagnosed 120 cases (80 HIV+ pts) of VL during a 24-year period. Annual incidence increased from 0.22 cases (1974-
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4027)
Chadapaud S, Sapin C, Blancard A, Lafeuillade A, Hittinger G; S. Chadapaud, Infectious Diseases Unit, Chalucet Hospital, Rue Chalucet, 83 000 Toulon, France, Tel.: +34 4 94 22 77 41, E-mail: chadapaud@medscape.com
Introduction: Little is known about the epidemiology of Esophageal Candidiasis (EC) as well as changes occurred since the beginning of AIDS epidemic and particularly since HAART is available. Study Design: This study has been conducted on data obtained from the DMI 2 Information System. We reviewed the charts of HIV-in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4028)
Kostman J, Rodriguez Torres M, Prokupek D, Bonacini M, Brau N, Giffen C, Smith J, Frost K; J. Kostman, Presbyterian Medical Center, Wright Saunders Building, Suite W250, 39th & Market Streets, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States, Tel.: +1 215 662 87 29, Fax: +1 215 243 32 72, E-mail: kostman@mail.med.upenn.edu
Background: Hepatitis C (HCV) infection is common in persons with HIV infection because of shared routes of transmission. The natural course of HCV appears to be accelerated by HIV infection, leading to earlier fibrosis and cirrhosis in co-infected persons. Methods: Analysis of initial data from an ongoing multicenter
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4029)
Pineda JA, Mira JA, Delgado J, Melguizo I, Rosa R, Ramos AJ, Macias J, Sanchez-Quijano A, Leal M, Lissen E; J.A. Pineda, Hospital Virgen de Valme, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Carretera de Cadiz s/n, 41014-Seville, Spain, Tel.: +34 9 545 92 70, Fax: +34 9 542 482 49, E-mail: vergara@cica.es
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis is a very common opportunistic infection among HIV infected patients in Spain . HAART, which is available since the commercialization of PI in 1997, has changed notably the course HIV infection. The effect of the introduction of the HAART on the epidemiology of VL is unknown. Our obje
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4030)
Tacconelli E, Tumbarello M, Bertagnolio S, Cauda R; E. Tacconelli, Dept. Infectious Diseases, Catholic University, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 06 3015 5372, Fax: +39 06 305 4519, E-mail: etaccon@tin.it
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (LH) is emerging as an important opportunistic infection and it has been reported in most of the cases from southern Europe. However, in our clinical experience in a 2,700-bed university hospital in Rome ( Italy ), after the introduction of HAART for HIV infection, we observed an impo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4031)
Tamusange E, Joloba M, Ssali P; E. Tamusange, Joint Clinical Research Centre, PO Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 412 706 22, Fax: +256 413 426 32, E-mail: JCRC@STARCOM.CO.UG
Background: Many patients with HIV infection present to health units with P.U.O. Because of limited diagnostic facilities especially in rural areas, it is difficult to establish the cause of the fever. Objectives: A study was carried out at the Joint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala - Uganda on 305 AIDS patie
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4032)
Davidson M, Min Y-I, Jabs DA, Holbrook JT, Van Natta M, Murphy R, Welch W, Meinert CL; M. Davidson, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St. Rm 51010, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States, Tel.: +1 907 345 0627, Fax: +1 907 345 0627, E-mail: mdavidso@gci.net
Background: Neutropenia in AIDS predisposes to bacterial infection. Previous studies reported G-CSF reduced mortality but had a varied effect on bacterial infections and hospitalization. Methods: This cohort study examined the effects of G-CSF use in three clinical trials of CMV retinitis treatment between 1990 and 1
Objective: To evaluate the distribution of microsporidium infection between HIV-positive children with and without diarrhea. Methods: Informed consent was obtained from parents of hospitalized HIV-positive children at Pramongkutklao Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand to perform this study. The patients with diarrhea, whose
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4034)
Maccabruni A, Antoniazzi E, Pacati I, Michelone G, Degioanni M; A. Maccabruni, University of Pavia, Institute of Infectious Diseases, IRCC'S Matteo, Viale Taramelli, 5, Pavia 27100, Italy, Tel.: +39 382 502 642, Fax: +39 382 423 320
Introduction: Oropharingeal and esophageal- candidiasis is well described in children infected with HIV. Less frequently cases of elsewhere localized fungal infection without fungemia have been observed. We report a case of ocular candidiasis in an HIV-infected child. Case Report: M.S. male, 14 years old, vertically H
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4035)
Careno E, Ponessa A, Raimondi M, Sianca R, Vila H, Lupo S; E.Careno, Entre Rios 1552 piso 5 dto 1, Rosario 2000, Argentina, Tel.: +54 341 449 1455, E-mail: erfa@arnet.com.ar
Background: the infection by S. pneum. is an important cause of morbidity among patients infected with HIV. To evaluate the prevalence of pharyngeal colonization and the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of S. pneum. Methods: It were evaluated 96 HIV+ patients who had nither received antibiotic therapy in the last 2
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4036)
Waechtler M, Koelzer A, Froesner G, Mueller G, Emminger C, Eichenlaub D; M. Waechtler, Munic Schwabing City Hospital, Medical Department Koelner plats 1, D-80804 Muenchen, Germany, Tel.: +49 89 3068 2617, Fax: +89 3068 3834
Background: TT Virus (TTV) is a recently discovered DNA virus and is member of a new virus family named Circinoviridae. Parenteral transmission to humans and primates has been shown. Few data exist on seroprevalence of TTV in patients with HIV-coinfection and in patients with high risk sexual behaviour. The clinical s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4037)
Butsashvili M, Tsertsvadze T, Kamkamidze G, Badridze N, Gvaveridze M; M.Butsashvili, 16 Al. Kazbegi avi, Tbilisi 380060, Georgia, Tel.: +995 32 330 963, Fax: +995 32 941 668, E-mail: butso@hotmail.com
Background: The anogenital human papillomavirus ( HPV ) infection is highly prevalent among the patients with HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The objective of the study was to compare the prevalence of genital HPV infection in HIV positive men, HIV negative men with STD (
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4038)
Baralkiewicz G, Majeska A, Sulima P, Werner A, Juszczyk J, Pieniazek NJ; G. Baralkiewicz, Department of Infectious Diseases, Z, Wincentego Str, Poznan 61-003, Poland, Tel.: +48 618 773 671, Fax: +48 618 773 687
Objectives: Evaluation of frequency of the cryptosporidiosis in HIV - positive patients (pts) Methods: Forty HIV infected patients (9 F, 31 M, aged x = 34.2 ± 10.2 ys) were examined for presence of Cryptosporidiosis. Ten of them had periodically diarrhoeas in history. Risk behaviors in this group were: homosexual me
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4039)
Tornesello ML, Buonaguro F, Buonaguro L, Salatiello I, Beth-Giraldo E, Giraldo G; M.L.Tornesello, Ist. Naz. Tumori "Fond. G. Pascale", Cappella Cangiani, I-80131, Naples, Italy, Tel.: +39 81 590 32 96, Fax: +39 81 546 16 88, E-mail: Buonaguro@libero.it
Background: We have previously shown that HIV-1 Tat protein transactivates human papillomavirus type 16 ( HPV ) regulatory regions (LCR) (Tornesello M.L. et al., 1993) and increases HPV-16 E6 and E7 transforming activity (Buonaguro F.M. et al., 1994). More recently we have reported that the transactivation by HIV-1 T
Background: To determine the etiopathogenesis of the cervical and conjunctival cancer mini-epidemic, reported during the AIDS epidemic (Wabinga et al.,1993; Waddell et al.,1996), studies have been performed to identify HPVs prevalence and type distribution in the lower genital tract and the conjunctiva of HIV-positive
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4041)
Uriel AJ, Kalakonda N, Dunbar EM, Denning DW, Mandal BK, Wilkins EG; A. J. Uriel, North Manchester General Hospital, Delaunays Road, Crumpsall, Manchester M8, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 161 795 45 67, E-mail: Alisonuriel@aol.com
We present the clinicopathological details of 31 patients with lymphoid neoplasms associated with HIV infection, from 1986 through 1999, presenting to our unit. In 7 cases a lymphoma was the presenting feature of HIV infection. Nine had primary cerebral lymphoma (CL) and 22 had systemic
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4042)
Noonan D, Marchisone C, Benelli R, Pfeffer U, Tacchetti C, Ferrantini M, Truini M, Belardelli F, Santi L, Albini A; D. Noonan, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, c/o Centro di Biotecnologie Avanzate, Largo Rosanna Benzi, n.10, 16132 Genova, Italy, Italy, Tel.: +39 010 5737367, Fax: +39 010 5737364, E-mail: noonan@ermes.cba.unige.it
Background: Class I interferons have a known anti-angiogenic activity. We have developed a gene therapy approach for treament of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) utilizing the anti-angiogenic activity of class I Interferons (IFNs). Methods: Packaging cell lines producing an amphotropic LXSN based retrovirus expressing either IFNa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4043)
Tirelli U, Hopkins U, Spina M, Vaccher E, Blanc PL, Liberati AM, Sparano J; U. Tirelli, National Cancer Institute, Via Pedemontana 12, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy, Tel.: +39 434 659 284, Fax: +39 434 659 284, E-mail: omd@ets.it
Background: Preclinical data and clinical data suggests an advantage for infusional cytotoxic therapy in HIV-associated NHL. Furthermore, preclinical data suggests that the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab enhances the sensitivity of lymphoma cell lines to cytotoxic agents in vitro. Methods: Twelve patients with
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4044)
Spina M, Gabarre J, Fasan M, Rosti G, Rizzardini G, Nigra E, Santambrogio S, Mena M, Tirelli U; M. Spina, National Cancer Institute, Via Pedemontana 12, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy, Tel.: +39 434 659 284, Fax: +39 434 659 531, E-mail: omd@ets.it
The outcome of pts with HD-HIV is still poor, mainly because the duration of complete remission (CR) is quite short. In order to try to improve the prognosis of HD-HIV, a feasibility study with the intensive 12 week CT regimen with adjuvant radiotherapy, Stanford V and concomitant HAART was started in previously treate
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4045)
Ruco L, Pilozzi E, Talerico C, Uccini S, Rossi R, Vago L, Ruco LP; L. Ruco, Department of Experimental Medicine, Viale Regina Elena 324, Roma 00161, Italy, Tel.: +39 06 445 7069, Fax: +39 06 494 0896, E-mail: ruco@uniromal.it
Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a common late event in the natural history of HIV infection. AIDS associated PCNSL are B cell neoplasms mainly of large cell type and they usually present with multiple localizations in central nervous system. The high predilection of neoplastic cells for
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4046)
Woolley I, Kalayjian R, Valdez H, Hamza N, Jacobs G, Lederman M, Zimmerman P; I. Woolley, Infectious Diseases Division, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland Ohio 44106, United States, Tel.: +1 216 844 1761, E-mail: ianwoolley@hotmail.com
Background: HIV associated nephropathy (HIVAN) has a marked racial bias, occurring up to 10% of HIV infected African Americans, but is uncommon in individuals not of African descent. On the basis of previous laboratory and epidemiological studies it had been hypothesized that the Duffy promoter polymorphism, which almo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4047)
Rodriguez-Rosado R, Perez-Olmeda M, Soriano V, Machuca A, Nunez M, Gonzalez-Lahoz J; R. Rodriguez-Rosado, Serv. Enf. Infecciosas, Hospital Carlos III, Sinesio Delgado 10, Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 453 25 00, Fax: +34 91 733 66 14, E-mail: rafael.rodriguez@retemail.es
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is common in HIV+ patients. The immune-mediated damage on the liver associated with HBV explains that aminotransferase levels often decline as immune deficiency progress. The improvement of the immune system caused by HAART is occasionally produces acute CTL response to HBV antigens on
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4048)
Machuca A, Soriano V, Gutierrez M; A. Machuca, Hospital Carlos III, C/ Sinesio Delgado 10, 28029 MADRID, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 4532 500, Fax: +34 91 7336 614, E-mail: anamachuca@nacom.es
Background: The HTLV Spanish Study Group was founded in 1991. It Includes participants from 18 diagnostic centers distributed across the Spanish geography. An extensive collaboration has been done to define the prevalence of HTLV-I/II in Spain . An annual meeting is organized since 1991, which provides the chance to r
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4049)
Gutierrez M, Machuca A, Soriano V; M. Gutierrez, Hospital Carlos III, C/ Sinesio Delgado 10, 28029 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 914 532 500, Fax: +34 917 336 614, E-mail: askatu@arj.net
Objectives: To describe the main features of HIV-2 cases reported in Spain up to January 2000. Material and methods: The HIV-2 Spanish Group was founded in 1990, and includes participants from more than 30 diagnostic centers. Serological (EIA, LIA, Western blot) and/or genetic methods were performed to consider the new
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4050)
Pulvirenti J, Ahmed S, Herrera P; J. Pulvirenti, Cook County Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, 1835 W. Harrison, Chicago, IL 60612, United States, Tel.: +1 312 633 5655, Fax: +1 312 633 5187, E-mail: Jpulvir@hektoen.org
Since the advent of HAART, the incidence of opportunistic infections(OI) in patients with HIV has markedly decreased. We still see a large number of PCP cases in Cook County Hospital (CCH). To better unerstand this patient(P) group, we did a retrospective chart review of 52 cytopathologically proven cases from 1/98 to
Background: TT virus (TTV) is a novel single stranded circular DNA virus isolated from post-transfusion hepatitis patients with non A-E etiology. TTV is the first circular ss DNA virus known to infect humans. Some TTV variants are shown to infect non-human primates and TTV may comprise a whole novel family of virus, t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4052)
Agbottah E; E. Agbottah, George Washington University, Dept of Biochemistry, 2300 Eye St., Washington, DC 20037, United States, Tel.: +1 202 994 44 15, E-mail: bcmeta@gwu.med.edu
Currently available antiviral therapy against HIV-1, although effective, are of transient benefit since the therapy directed against viral antigens often leads to resistant virions. We argued that an inhibitor of viral replication based on cellular co-factor, which targets viral early function such Tat transactivation
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4053)
Loemba H, Wainberg M; H. Loemba, McGill AIDS CENTER, Lady Davis Institut, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal,Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada, Tel.: +1 514 340 8222, Fax: 514 - 340 - 7537, E-mail: hloemba@hotmail.com
Background: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a major adrenal androgenic secretory product in humans, has been reported to inhibit HIV RNA and DNA viral expression and viral replication; it can also strengthen TH1 responses as opposed to TH2 immune responses. Here, we have tested the antiretroviral activity of Immunor (IM
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4054)
Wei X, Gitte M, Wainberg M, Cherry E, Cherry E, Stnrzl M; X. Wei, McGill AIDS Center, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada, Tel.: 514-3408222x5283, Fax: 513-3407537, E-mail: xwei@po-box.mcgill.ca
Background: Reverse transcription of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) genomic RNA is primed by tRNALys3, Which binds with its 18 terminal to the viral primer binding site (PBS). Since the initiation of DNA synthesis was shown to be a highly specific process, it represents a potential target for the developme
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4055)
Wei X, Gitte M, Wainberg M; X. Wei, McGill AIDS Center, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada, Tel.: +1 514 340 8222, Fax: +1 514 340 7537, E-mail: xwei@po-box.mcgill.ca
Background: Reverse transcription of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is primed by cellular tRNALys3, which is selectively packaged into viral particles where it is bound at its 3 -terminus to a complementary sequence of viral RNA termed the primer binding site (PBS). Here, we have studied a number of antise
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4056)
Wang L, Bigley JW, St. Claire RL, Sista ND, Rousseau F; L. Wang, Triangle Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4 University Place, 4611 University Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States, Tel.: +1 919 493 59 80, Fax: +1 919 493 57 90, E-mail: wanglh@tripharm.com
Background: DAPD is a novel nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) being developed for the treatment of HIV infection. DAPD is deaminated in vivo by adenosine deaminase, a ubiquitous enzyme, to yield DXG. Both compounds have demonstrated potent in vitro anti-HIV activity against wild-type viral strains and s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4057)
Parniak M, Borkow G, Sluis-Cremer N, Klinski E, Alakhov V; M. Parniak, McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada, Tel.: +1-514-340-8260, Fax: +1-514-340-7502, E-mail: mparniak@ldi.jgh.mcgill.ca
Background and Objectives: N-(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde hydrazone (BBNH) inhibits both the DNA polymerase and the ribonuclease H activities of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) (Borkow et al (1997) Biochemistry 36:3179). BBNH inhibits HIV replication, but has unfavorable toxicity due to chelation o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4058)
Grizzle T, Delehanty J, Wang LH, Rousseau FS, Szczech GM; T. Grizzle, Triangle Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4 University Place, 4611 University Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States, Tel.: +1 919 493 5980, Fax: +1 919 493 5790, E-mail: grizzltb@tripharm.com
Background: Emtricitabine is a potent and selective nucleoside analog which is in Phase II/III trials for treatment of HIV-1 infection, and in Phase I/II trials for treatment of HBV infection in adults. Methods: This abstract reports on numerous safety assessments with emtricitabine to detect and characterize potential
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4059)
Claeys R, Calvin JJ; R. Claeys, San Luis 3530, Rosario-2000, Santa Fe, Argentina, Tel.: +54 341 439 79 27, Fax: +54 341 439 79 27, E-mail: Facciuto@coopvgg.com.ar
Objectives: To evaluate the tolerance, and the clinical, immunological and antiviral effects of the combination therapy including Ritonavir . Patients and Methods: Thirty-two HIV infected children were enrolled. Group 1 included fourteen children with a median age of 4.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4060)
Bourchteine M, Khakhulina T, Serbin A, Boukrinskaya A, Mazous A;;; M. Bourchteine, AIDS Prevention Center " Antivich", 8-St Sokolinoy Yory 15 dep 3, Moscow 105275, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 95 365 06 01, Fax: +7 95 366 26 70
Background: Newly developed anti-viral compounds consisting of norbornene derivative chemicaly linked to soluble polyanionic matrix by different spacer group were shown to inhibit the HIV-1 replication. Methods: The antiviral effect of the compounds was shown in lymphoblastoid MT-4 cells and in HeLa CD4+/b -galactosida
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4062)
Simpson KN, Voit EO, Ashraf T, Hutton J, Sun E; K.N. Simpson, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Avenue, Suite 1200, Charleston, SC 29425, United States, Tel.: +1 843 876 1243, Fax: +1 843 876 1201, E-mail: simpsonk@musc.edu
Issues: Selecting the optimal treatment policies for a cohort of PVAs, given the proliferation of new drugs, tests and sequencing options is becoming difficult. US treatment guidelines for the management of HIV-disease provide some help, but it is still left to the individual entity to formulate clinical policies, give
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4063)
Mialocq P, Clayette P, Rimaniol AC, Oiry J, Puy JY, Martin A, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Inbach JL, Dormont D; P. Mialocq, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, 60-68 Avenue de General Leclerc, BP6, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France, Tel.: +33 14654 8738, Fax: +33 14654 7726, E-mail: clayette@dsvidf.cea.fr
Background: Oxidative stress and deficiency in glutathione (GSH) seem to play a major role in HIV infection pathogenesis, as suggested by the increased survival of HIV-infected patients treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). However, beneficious effects of these molecules are restricted in vivo by the high concentrations
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4064)
Martin M, Serradji N, Clayette P, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Bensaid O, Lamouri A, Heymans F, Godfroid JJ, Dormont D; M. Martin, Service de Neurovoirologie DRM/DSV CEA BP6, 60-68 Avenue Division Leclerc, 92265 Fontenay Aux Roses, France, Tel.: +33 1 465 487 38, Fax: +33 1 465 477 26, E-mail: martinm@dsvidf.cea.fr
Background: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) synthesized by mononuclear phagocytes are implicated in the neuropathogenesis of HIV infection by favorising pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis i.e. TNF-a , and neuronotoxicity. Our previous studies demonstrated that PMS-601, a PAF-receptor antagonist, displayed antiviral a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4065)
Terunuma H, Matondo P, Kimura K, Mulundo G, Handema R, Kasolo F, Numazaki Y, Yamamoto N, Ito M; H. Terunuma, Yamanachi Med. Univ Tamoho, Deptartment of Microbiology, Japan
Background: Glycyrrhizin (GL) is a plant extract from licorice root. Its chemical structure and pharmacokinetics have been described. In Japan GL has been used extensively in the treatment of chronic hepatitis. GL has been shown to have enhancing immune effects in experimental animals and human trials. It has been show
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4066)
Wanchu A, Khullar M, Bhatnagar A, Majumdar S, Sud A, Bambery P;;; A.Wanchu, PGIMER, Chandigarh, Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India, Tel.: +91 171 601453, Fax: +91 172 744401, E-mail: awanchu@glide.net.in
Background: Tumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and nitric oxide (NO) levels are elevated among patients with HIV infection. TNFa is known to lower NO production. In this study we used a TNF-a inhibitor, pentoxiphylline, to treat patients with HIV infection who were free of opportunistic infections and see if NO productio
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4067)
Jiang S, Debnath AK; S. Jiang, New York Blood Center, 310 E. 67 St., New York, NY 10021, United States, Tel.: +1 212 570 30 58, Fax: +1 212 570 32 99, E-mail: sjiang@nybc.org
Background: The HIV-1 gp41 core structure plays an important role in HIV-1-mediated membrane fusion and is an attractive target for development of HIV-1 entry inhibitors. ADS-J1, an anti-HIV-1 compound, was studied for its interaction with the gp41 core structure. Methods: 1) a sandwich
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4068)
Tovo PA, Piccinini M, Chiapello N, Mostert M, Rinaudo MT; P.A. Tovo, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Pediatriche e dell, Adolescenza, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy, Tel.: +39 011 3135 256, Fax: +39 011 3135 565, E-mail: tovo@pediatria.unito.it
Background: Proteasome is the major nonlysosomal endoprotease of eukaryotic cells. Cell-cycle, expression of cell surface receptors, antigen presentation, and apoptosis are all regulated by proteasome activity. We previously showed that prophylaxis with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to seronegative, HIV-
Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerance of a rescue therapy involving Nevirapine (NEV) + Nelfinavir (NLF) + two NRTI, in patients (pts) with prior extensive antiretroviral therapy (AT) including
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4070)
Salomon H, Kijak G, Pampuro S, Zala C, Cahn P, Quan Y, Wainberg MA; H. Salomon, University of Buenos Aires, Piso 11, Paraguay 2155, 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tel.: +54 11 450 836 71, Fax: +54 11 450 837 05, E-mail: hsalomon@fmed.uba.ar
Background: The presence of antiretroviral drugs-resistant HIV-1 variants in primary infection (PI) patients can show the transmission of those variants. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of mutations associated with resistance to viral protease (VP) and reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors in HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4071)
Gomez Carrillo M, Kijak G, Pampuro S, Salomon H; M. Gomez Carrillo, University of Buenos Aires, Piso 11, Paraguay 2155, 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tel.: +54 11 450 836 71, Fax: +54 11 450 837 05, E-mail: hsalomon@fmed.uba.ar
Background: The rise in plasma viral load (PVL) can be associated to many factors, among them the lack of adherence and the selection of antiretroviral drugs-resistant viral variants. The aim of this study is to analyze the roll of antiretroviral drug-resistance in patients showing therapeutic failure. Methods: Periphe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4072)
Brites C, Bahia F, Alcantara AP, Pedral-Sampaio D; C. Brites, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Joao das Botas, s/n Canela, 40110-160 Salvador - Bahia, Brazil, Tel.: +55 71 235 49 01, Fax: +55 71 247 27 56, E-mail: crbrites@ufba.br
Background: Development of RT mutations in AIDS patients treated with RT inhibitors (RTI) is a common and early event during therapy. We evaluated the onset of RT mutations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients using 1 or 2 RTI, in Bahia, Brazil . Methods: We retrospectively analyzed cryopreserved PB
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4073)
O'Brien WA, Telleria L, Borucki M, Han X, Atkinson T, Pollard R, Lloyd R; W. A. O'Brien, 301 University Blvd., Rt. 0835, Galveston, Texas 77555-0835, United States, Tel.: +409-747-2361, Fax: +409-747-0507, E-mail: wobrien@utmb.edu
Background: There are many challenges to management of HIV infection in correctional systems (prisons), including difficulties in obtaining antiretroviral drugs in a timely way for each dose, and issues related to travel between institutions. Difficulties in sustaining regular medication adherence may result in increas
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4074)
Se Filho D, Costa L, De Oliveira F, Acceturi C, Diaz R; D. Se Filho, UNIFESP - EPM, Laboratorio de Retrovirologia, R. Pedro de Toledo, 781/16andar, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, CEP:04032-000, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 570 8226 or 571 2130, Fax: +55 11 571 2130, E-mail: ljcosta@hotmail.com
We have sequenced HIV-1 protease gene (PT) from 50 drug naive individuals after 76 weeks in average of Indinavir monotherapy. We have analyzed the synonymous (ds) and nonsynonymous (dn) substitution rates occurring at different protease gene domains and PT critical sites. Ds/dn ratios of 2.82; 3.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4075)
Campodonico M, Fay F, Benetti S, Perez Hernandez E, Lloyd RM, Dolinger D, Houng JT, Fay O; M. Campodonico, CTSP - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Pte. Roca 740, 2000 - Rosario, Argentina, Tel.: +54 341 426 1234, Fax: +54 341 426 2913, E-mail: martin@medmail.com
Background: HIV-1 infected mothers can transmit drug resistant virus to their offspring. In this scenario, resistance testing is warranted before initiation of antiviral therapy in infected children. Objectives: To detect the presence of resistance associated mutations (RAM) in a cohort of HIV-1 infected newborns. Mate
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4076)
Antonelli G, Turriziani O, Focher F, Di Marco P, Dianzani F, Scagnolari C, Poccia F; G. Antonelli, University "la Sapienza", Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Virology Section, V.le di Porta Tiburtina 28, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 6 4468 240, Fax: +39 6 4469 024, E-mail: guidoantonelli@tiscalinet.it
Background: Cellular factors have been proposed to contribute to the waning efficiency of chemotherapy. To gain new insights into this phenomenon cellular resistance to nucleoside analogues (NA) and protease inhibitors (PI) was further addressed considering that: alteration of the nucleoside analogue metabolism may lea
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4077)
de Mendoza C, Briones C, Gallego O, Hertogs K, Soriano V; C. de Mendoza, Hospital Carlos III, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sinesio Delgado 10, 28029 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 914 532 661, Fax: +34 917 336 614, E-mail: cmendoza@teleline.es
Background: Recent reports have pointed out that subjects who received d4T-containing regimens might respond in a lesser extent to ZDV. A reduction in phosphorylation, the presence of multidrug-resistance genotypes (MDR) or the emergence of classical resistance mutations can explain this circumstance. However, there is
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4078)
Deluchi G, Illescas EG, Petroni A, Serebrinsky G, Benetucci J, Garberi J; G. Deluchi, FUNDAI. F. J. Mu±iz Hospital, Uspallata 2272 (1282), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tel.: +54-11-4304 95 00, Fax: +54-11-480 198 19, E-mail: fundai@infovia.com.ar
Background: Though many factors lead to treatment failure (TF), the emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 mutants plays a major role in limiting the efficacy of HAART. Despite the fact that several multidrug resistance (MDR) pathways have been described in viral populations from adults, little is known about pediatrics. T
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4079)
Juntilla M, Arts E, Mugyenyi P, Kityo C; M. Juntilla, JCRC-CASE WESTERN rESERVE uNIVERSITY, 10900 Euclid Ave, BRB 1029, DIV. OF ID, Cleveland Ohio, 44106, United States, Tel.: +1216-368-8904, Fax: +1216-368-2034, E-mail: eja3@po.cwru.edu
Background: In the developing world, emergence or pre-existence of HIV resistance to antiretovirals could have a significant impact on current and future interventions. This study was designed to screen for antiretroviral resistance in antiretroviral naive and treated individuals in Kampala, Uganda . Meth
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4080)
Leal I, Levi JE, Machado DM, Sumita L, Sa Filho D, Pannuti CS, Segurado AA, Zanotto P, Castelo A, Diaz RS; I. Leal, University of Sao Paulo, Av.Dr. Envas de Carvalho Aguiar,470, CEP 05403 000, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Tel.: +55 113 066 7020, Fax: +55 113 066 7020, E-mail: dmmachado@originet.com.br
Background: The transmission of HIV-1 resistant variants has already been described. Objectives: To sequence proviral DNA and investigate drug mutations within the RT gene of a population of HIV-1 infected people not receiving antiretroviral drugs. Methods: The subtype distribution among the samples was inferred by a m
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4081)
Jorajuria S, Clayette P, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Larghero J, Thiebot H, Neildez O, Vaslin B, Le Grand R, Dormont D; S. Jorajuria, Service De Neurovirologie-DRM/DSV-CEA BP6, 60-68 Avenue De La Division Leclerc, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France, Tel.: +33 1 465 48 738, Fax: +33 1 465 47 726, E-mail: clayette@dsvidf.cea.fr
Background: Even if highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) improves both biological and clinical features of HIV-infected patients, 30-50 percent of treated patients develop therapeutic escape. The involvement of cell factors, like P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cellular kinases, which phosphorylate the nucleoside re
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4082)
Weinstock H, Zaidi I, Respess R, Heneine W, Luo CC, Woods T, Hellmann NS, Kaplan J; H. Weinstock, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, M/S E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 20 59, Fax: +1 404 639 20 29, E-mail: hsw2@cdc.gov
Background: The increasing use of antiretroviral therapy may increase transmission of HIV strains with genotypic mutations that promote drug resistance. This may impact recommendations for resistance testing and treatment. We implemented a sentinel surveillance system to monitor the prevalence of these mutations among
Issues: There is now a better understanding of the potential role of immunotherapeutic agents such as Interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) as a complementary treatment to ART. However the clinical benefit associated IL-2 is unknown and is best assessed in large clinical endpoint Phase III studies. Description: Numerous Phase I/II s
Background: This randomized, placebo controlled trial examine the long-term effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on absolute numbers of CD34+ progenitor cells and progenitor cell function in HIV-infected patients. Methods: G-CSF (300 m g filgrastim) or placebo was given three times weekly for 12 week
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4085)
Tsoukas CM, Alter G, Bernard N, Betorio M, Oleivera M, Wainberg M, Cournoyer D; C.M. Tsoukas, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Ave. Room A5-140, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada, Tel.: 514-934-8035, Fax: 514-937-1424, E-mail: chris.tsoukas@muhc.mcgill.ca
Background: The Trev retroviral vector downregulates Tat- and Rev -dependent gene expression and increases cellular survival of HIV infected cells. Aim: To determine whether Trev-transduction of CD34+ stem cells confers HIV resistance to CD4+, CCR5+ macrophages daughter cells differentiating from these hematopoeitic pr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4086)
Alvarado-Diez R, Feregrino-Goyos M; R. Alvarado-Diez, Lago Ontario 15, Tacuba, Mexico City, 11410, Mexico, Tel.: +52 5 272 64 77, Fax: +52 5 527 32 23, E-mail: citaid96@df1.telmex.net.mx
Background: Interleukin 2 plus HAART has proved benefits in CD4 increase and markedly reduces HIV in reservoirs. Methods: We evaluate the viral load in long time in HIV patients in treatment with IL2 plus HAART. cross sectional study in 80 patients for two years. inclusion: viral load below 1000 c/ml, voluntary access,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4087)
Hayes V, Petersen D, van Rensberg E, Kotze M; V. Hayes, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg Medical School, Department of Medical Virology, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa, Tel.: +27 21 938 93 56, Fax: +27 21 931 78 10, E-mail: vmh@gerga.sun.ac.za
Background: The CCR5 gene, located at position p21 on chromosome 3, encodes for the seven tansmembrane G-coupled CC chemokine receptor 5 protein. This protein is the major co-receptor for HIV-1 infection of primary macrophages during the asymptomatic phase of infection. A 32 base pair (bp) deletion mutation within the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4088)
Cabrera C, Blanco J, Gutierrez A, Clotet B, Este JA; C. Cabrera, Fundacio IrsiCaixa, Retrovirology Laboratory IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain, Tel.: +34 934 656 374, Fax: +34 934 653 968, E-mail: ccabrera@ns.hugtip.scs.es
Background: The chemokine receptors function as coreceptors for the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 entry into CD4+ cells. This study was designed to determine the possible correlation between the pattern of expression and functionality of chemokine with entry and infection of CD4+ cells by HIV-1. Methods: We used
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4089)
Yamashita T; T. Yamashita, Johns Hopkins University, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Rm. E7012, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 955 4320, Fax: +1 410 955 7587, E-mail: tyamashi@jhsph.edu
Background: Early heterogeneous virologic and immunologic response to HAART may relate to experience with antiretroviral therapies prior to the start of HAART and may affect subsequent clinical prognosis. Methods: In the MACS, 389 HAART users had CD4+ cell counts and HIV RNA measurements pre- and post-HAART. History of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4090)
Corr P, Blyth D, Sanyika C, Royston D; P. Corr, University of Natal, Private Bag 7, Congella 4013, Durban, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 260 43 01, Fax: +27 31 260 44 08, E-mail: corr@med.und.ac.za
Background: Massive haemoptysis in HIV seropositive patients who have destructive lung disease is a common problem in many African countries. The purpose of the study was to determine whether bronchial arterial embolization (BAE)is effective in treating HIV positive patients who are not surgical candidates.Methods: we
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4091)
Macondo EA, Ba F, Kaire O, Gaye Diallo A, Toure Kane NC, S-B. Boye C, Gueye Ndiaye A, Diop H; E. A. Macondo, Laboratoire Bacteriologie-Virologie, BP 7325 Dakar Senegal, 30 Avenue Pasteur, Senegal, Tel.: +221 822 59 19/221 821 64 20, Fax: +221 82164 42, E-mail: virus@sonatel.senet.net
Objective: To evaluate the reliability of the susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis complex by MGIT AST SIRE. Method: 70 strains of M. tuberculosis were tested for streptomycin (SM), isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF) and ethambutol (EMB) by comparing MGIT AST SIRE results to those obtained by the Method of Proporti
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4092)
Losso M, Duran A; M. Losso, Hospital J.M.Ramos Mejfa, Urquiza 609, Pabellin "G" 2E piso, Buenos Aires, PO Box 1221, Argentina, Tel.: +54 149 315 252, Fax: +54 149 561 522, E-mail: hivramos@impsat1.com.ar
Background: TB is still the main OIs in our country. Drug interaction between Rifampin and Protease Inhibitors and NNRTIs preclude the use of standard HAART in patients with active TB. Objectives: - To describe the characteristics of patients with TB and HIV infection in our cohort. - To analyze the impact of NRTIs co
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4093)
Kreisel W, Zdebik A, Slawik M, Riecken B, Becker G, Nazary M, Geissler M; W. Kreisel, University of Freiburg, Medical Clinic, Hugstetterstr. 55, D 79106 Freiburg, Germany, Tel.: +49 761 270 34 01, Fax: +49 761 270 32 59, E-mail: kreisel@med1.ukl.uni-freiburg.de
Introduction: Malcompliance, disturbed drug resorption, drug resistence, drug interactions, and the immune reconstitution syndrome are common problems of tuberculosis (TB) therapy in AIDS. The clinical courses of three HIV-patients with TB underline the necessity of drug level monitoring. Patient 1: 34 y, male, M.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4094)
Naik E, Leblanc S, Jacobson L, Kaslow R; E. Naik, University of South Florida, 13201 Bruce B Downs BLVD, MDC 56, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States, Tel.: +1813-974-8913, Fax: +1813-974-4718, E-mail: enaik@hsc.usf.edu
The present study was conducted to evaluate human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations with Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (DMAC) infection in North American Caucasian homosexual HIV/AIDS patients. Analysis of 176 DMAC cases and 176 matched controls studied showed a weak association with DRB1*15011 (Odds Rati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4095)
Vyas G, Gandhi M, Yang G, Boyd M; G. Vyas, University of California, Department of Laboratory Medicine, S-555, 513, Parnassus, San Francsico, CA 94143-0134, United States, Tel.: +1 415 476 46 78, Fax: +1 415 476 63 22, E-mail: vyas@pangloss.ucsf.edu
Background: CV-N is a natural protein derived from a cyanobacterium, N. ellipsosporum. Recombinant CV-N (rCV-N) inactivates various HIV isolates by virtually irreversible binding with gp-120 at sites distinct from that for CD4 binding. We report here a unique partitioning of infectious from noninfectious virions by mea
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4096)
Krivorutchenko Y, Andronovskaja IB, Krivoshein YS, Gishkovets VI, Chirva VY, Hinkula J, Wahren B; Y. Krivorutchenko, Crimean medical Univer. Dept. of microboiog, 950 06 Simferopol, Ukraine, Tel.: +652 440 627, E-mail: ykia@home.cris.net
Background: Triterpene saponins have received much attention as adjuvants and anti-HIV agents. Taurosid I (TI) and Taurosid H2 (TH2 ) are immunologic adjuvants and differ from each other only by functional groups at carbons 3 and 4 of triterpene. The relationship of their structures to HIV-modulating effects were studi
Background: We have developed two expression plasmids with the cytomegarovirus promoter, which express HIV-1(IIIB) env and HIV-1(IIIB) rev. The mixture of these two plasmids is called in this study as HIV-DNA vaccine. Intranasal injection with this vaccine induced HIV-1-specific sIgA and HIV-1-specific CTL activity in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4098)
Tung F, Cole K, Tung L, Montelaro R; F. Tung, GeneCure LLC, 24 Peachtree Center Avenue, Suite 525, Atlanta GA 30303, United States, Tel.: +1 404 222 06 11, Fax: +1 770 277 56 89, E-mail: frank_tung@genecure.com
Background: Live attenuated vaccines prepared from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have provided the best protective immunity in challenge experiments. In animals vaccinated with attenuated SIV, immune responses may be elicited due to endogenous expression of native SIV proteins and/or antigen presentation in the n
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4099)
Akola C, Kityo C, Mugisha E, Byaruhanga R, Mugerwa R, Turyatemba C, Mugyenyi P, Nielsen L; C. Akola, Joint Clinical Research Centre, PO Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 27 06 22, Fax: +256 41 34 26 32, E-mail: jcrc@starcom.co.ug
Background: The first HIV-vaccine trial in Africa raised lots of concerns, fears and expectations, pausing a challenge to health workers, counsellors in particular. Counsellors faced challenges in counselling subjects for HIV-vaccine trials. Methods: Individuals suitable for HIV vaccine trials were identified from prev
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4100)
Novak RM, Baum L, Spear G, Nog P, Tim G, Hanson C; R. M. Novak, University of Illinois, 808 S. Wood St., M/C 735, Rm. 886, Chicago, IL 60612, United States, Tel.: +312-996-6763, Fax: +312-413-1657, E-mail: rmnovak@uic.edu
Background: The role of mucosal immune responses to HIV-1 in preventing HIV transmission across mucosal surfaces is unknown. We studied vaginal humoral immune responses in women participating in HIVNET014/AVEG202, a phase II trial of the vaccines ALVAC vCP205 and rgp120 alone or together. Methods: Beginning in 1997, hi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4101)
Andronovskaja I, Krivorutchenko Yu, Krivoshein Yu, Pertel SS, Ya. Chirva V, Kakajan EV, Hincula J, Wahren B; I. Andronovskaja, Dm Uljanova street 16 flat 59, 95013 Simferopol, Ukraine, Tel.: +652 440 627, E-mail: ykia@home.cris.net
Background: The MDP derivatives are considered as candidate adjuvants for AIDS vaccines. Some MDPs can induce HIV expression. a -butyl-MDP (a -bMDP) and b -butyl-MDP (b -BMDP) differ only by anomeric centre configuration and possess various adjuvant properties. Their HIV-modulating effects were studied. Methods: HIV-co
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4103)
Parren P, Burton D; P. Parren, The Scripps Research Insitute, Department of Immunology, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd.,IMM2, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States, Tel.: +1 858 784 86 02, Fax: +1 858 784 83 60, E-mail: parren@scripps.edu
Background: In HIV-1 infection neutralizing antibody responses in seropositive individuals are typically low, and polyclonal antibody preparations are generally not protective in animal models. Natural infection therefore induces weak functional antibody responses that are non-protective. There is a need to understand
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4104)
Kerndt P, Norton D, Jordan W, Operskalski E, Kovacs A, Kaur A, Katsufrakis P, Rotheram-Borus MJ; P. Kerndt, University of Southern California, 600 South Commonwealth Avenue, Suite 1920, Los Angeles, CA 90005, United States, Tel.: +1 213 351 81 90, Fax: +1 213 487 93 86, E-mail: Prk40@aol.com
Background: Trials of vaccine effectiveness and non-vaccine behavioral interventions that may prevent HIV transmission will need persons at high risk for HIV infection. These studies will require reliable follow-up to determine the efficacy of the intervention. Many persons at high risk of HIV and eligible for enrollme
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4106)
Kebba A, Hom DL, Mugyenyi P, Salata R, Mbidde E, Kaleebu P, Johnson JL, Mugerwa RD, Ellner JJ; A. Kebba, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Butikiro House- Old Ring Road, POBox 10005, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256-41-270-622, Fax: +256-41-342-632, E-mail: lnielsen@infocom.co.ug
Objective: Evaluate the safety & immunogenicity of ALVAC-HIV vCP205 in a placebo-controlled double-blinded phase I trial among healthy HIV seronegative Ugandan adults. Methods: ALVAC vCP205 is a recombinant canarypox vector vaccine developed by PMC, containing HIV-1 env & gag proteins (clade B). Eligible HIV-se
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4107)
Blattner W, Jack N, Sill A, Edwards J, Mahabir B, Constantine N, Cleghorn F, Bartholomew C; W. Blattner, Institute of Human Virology, 725 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore MD 21201, United States, Tel.: +1 410-706-1948, Fax: +1 410-706-1944, E-mail: blattner@umbi.umd.edu
Background: The unrelenting progression of the HIV epidemic worldwide, with over 5.6 million infections in 1999 alone, emphasizes the need for a preventative HIV vaccine. Methods: A self renewing cohort of HIV-at-risk STD clinic attenders in Port of Spain , Trinidad has
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4108)
Carballo-Dieguez A, Stein Z, Saez H, Dolezal C, Nieves-Rosa L, Diaz F; A. Carballo-Dieguez, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 15, New York, NY 10032, United States, Tel.: +1 212 543 52 61, Fax: +1 212 543 60 03, E-mail: ac72@columbia.edu
Background: In New York City, U.S., an area with high prevalence of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), Latino MSM engage in high levels of sexual risk behavior. Our objective was to assess frequency of rectal lubricant use, opinions concerning rectal microbicidal gels, and willingness to participate i
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4109)
Motakis D, Parniak M; D. Motakis, McGill AIDS Centre, 3755 Cote Ste Catherine, Lady Davis Institute, Rm 226, H3T 1E2, Montreal, P. Q., Canada, Tel.: +(514) 340-8260 ext 5303, Fax: +(514) 340-7502, E-mail: dmotakis@hotmail.com
Background and Objectives: Microbicides to prevent transmission of HIV should act on pre-integrational stages of virus replication. We previously showed that the NNRTI UC781, but not nevirapine , possesses favorable microbicidal properties. To better define the properties important for NNRTI microbicidal activity, we
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4110)
Young-Holt B, Pettifor A, Margolin S, Tchou YM, Harrison P; B. Young-Holt, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, 140 Warren Hall, UC Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720, United States, Tel.: +1 510 642 0105, Fax: +1 510 643 7316, E-mail: bcyoung@socrates.berkeley.edu
Background: Internationally, major pharmaceutical companies have show little interest in the development of microbicides. Among the major reasons for their lack of interest is that they visualize the maket as consisting of resource-poor developing countries and thus not lucrative. By targeting sexually active young peo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4111)
[No authors listed]; COL 1492 TeamCOL - 1492 Microbicide Study, Medical Research Council, 771 Umbilo Road, Congella, 4013, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 204 36 00, Fax: +27 31 204 36 01
Issues: Maintaining a high follow up rate is important to the sucessful outcome of any clinical trial. We share our experiences in maintaining a high follow-up rate in a phase 3 trial of a vaginal microbicide COL -1492 among sex workers based 300km away from the study site. Description: The study recruited sex workers
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4112)
Chaowanachan T, Young NL, Wasinrapee P, Borchardt KA, Elias C, Suksripanich O, Sriinsut A, Mastro TD, Kilmarx PH; T.Chaowanachan, HIV/AIDS Collaboration, DMS6 Building MOPH, Tivanon Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 2 591 5444, Fax: +66 2 580 0696, E-mail: tbc1@cdc.gov
Objective: To determine in vitro if sexually transmitted disease (STD) test results of simulated genital specimens would be compromised by possible contamination with PC-515 (active ingredient: 3% lambda carrageenan) or placebo (2.5% methyl cellulose). Methods: Different cervical-simulated dilutions of control organism
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4114)
Pomerantz R, Dornadula G, Zhang H; R. Pomerantz, Thomas Jefferson University, Div. of Infec. Dis., 1020 Locust St, Suite 329JAH, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19107, United States, Tel.: +1 215 503 8575, Fax: +1 215 923 1956, E-mail: roger.j.pomerantz@mail.tju.edu
Molecular mechanisms by which primate lentiviruses, such as HIV-1, are sexually transmitted, have yet to be fully elucidated. We have recently demonstrated that endogenous reverse transcription of lentiviruses can occur within the intact virion, before the infection of target cells. This is a biochemically-active proce
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeA4115)
Profy A, van Schravendijk MR, Wang Y, Godbout K, Rugg A, Willis K; A. Profy, Procept, Inc, 840 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States, Tel.: +1 617 873 0746, Fax: +1 617 491 9019, E-mail: aprofy@procept.com
Backgound: PRO 2000 is a naphthalene sulfonate polymer under development as a topical microbicide to prevent HIV transmission. In earlier studies, PRO 2000 inhibited HIV infection of cells and HIV-mediated cell-cell fusion at concentrations > 1 m g/mL, but caused negligible cytotoxicity at 100 m g/mL. Objective: Evalua
Background: Nelfinavir (NFV) has been recently approved by the FDA for use in combination with antiretroviral therapy as a twice daily dose (BID) regimen. However, no evaluation of the influence of this dosage regimen modification on patient s protease inhibitor exposure has been published.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4117)
Zar HJ, Langdon G, Apolles P, Eley B, Hussey G, Smith P; H.J. Zar, University of Cape Town, Child Health Unit, 46 Sawkins Road, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7700, South Africa, Tel.: +27 21 685 41 03, Fax: +27 21 689 54 03, E-mail: heather@rmh.uct.ac.za
Background: Effective treatment of P carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) requires therapeutic serum concentrations of 5-10 m g/ml of trimethoprim (TMP); consequently intravenous cotrimoxazole is recommended therapy. However, oral therapy is desirable as the intravenous route is costly, time consuming, difficult to administer a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4118)
Dhingra R, Munsiff A; R. Dhingra, Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, 1139 Prospect Ave, #3H, Brooklyn, New York 11218, United States, Tel.: +1 718 832 59 10, Fax: +1 718 832 92 43, E-mail: avmunsiff@pol.net
Background: Previously, we demonstrated sustained virologic suppression and continual improvement in CD4 cell counts in patients who switched from TID to BID dosing of NFV. Objective: To compare the virologic and immunologic outcome of patients treated with NFV TID or BID to those who switched from TID to BID dosing. M
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4119)
Smith P, Forrest A, Rayner C, Wood R, Proulx L; P. Smith, The State University of NY at Buffalo, 373 Cooke Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States, Tel.: +1 716 845 3281, Fax: +1 716 645 2886, E-mail: pfsmith@acsu.buffalo.edu
Background: A novel PK/PD modeling approach was developed for a short-term monotherapy study of dOTC Methods: 48 normal ARV naive HIV+ men (pts), CD4>200, HIV RNA 5-100K were randomized to PO dOTC 400, 600 or 800 mg/d, either q12 or q24 (6 cohorts of 8 pts) for 7d. Plasma samples (13 on day 1 & 7, q24 troughs) for
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4120)
Maroldo L, Manocchio S, Artenstein A, Weiss W; L. Maroldo, West Midtown Medical, 311 W. 35th St., 6th Floor, New York, NY 10010, United States, Tel.: +212-290-2730 x 154, Fax: +212-290-2724, E-mail: Laurarpa@aol.com
Background: Methadone is a synthetic narcotic analgesic indicated for detoxification and temporary maintenance of narcotic addiction. Nelfinavir mesylate (NFV) is the leading prescribed HIV-protease inhibitor (PI) for treatment of HIV infection in the US. A recent pharmacokinetic study reported a 47% decreaase in AUC
Background: The CHEESE study compares the safety and efficacy of SQV (Fortovase®; 1,200 mg tid ) versus indinavir (800 mg tid ), both in combination with AZT and 3TC in antiretroviral
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4122)
Havlir D, Gallant J, Race E, Lam W, Shulman N, Zolopa A, Ryan J, Japour AJ, Kempf D, Sun E; D. Havlir, Univesity of California at San Diego, 2760 Fifth Avenue, Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92103, United States
Background: Elevating the trough plasma levels of protease inhibitors theoretically intensifies their antiviral activity based on pharmacologic principles. When indinavir (IDV) is coadministered with ritonavir (RTV) 400/400 mg BID, IDV trough levels, are substan
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4123)
Lamotte C, Duval X, Peytavin G, Farinotti R; C.Lamotte, X. Bichat-C.Bernard Hospital, 46, rue Henri Huchard, 75877 Paris Cedex 18, France, Tel.: +014 025 80 05, Fax: +014 263 58 25, E-mail: gilles.peytavin@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr
Background: APV is a potent HIV protease inhibitor (PI) with pharmacokinetic properties allowing twice a day dosing and with an unique resistance profile among other PI. The potential of inhibition of RTV on APV metabolism was assessed in an interaction study with EFV, a known inducer of APV metabolism. Methods: We rep
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4124)
Veldkamp A, Van Heeswyk RP, Scherpbier HJ, De Koning LA, Beynen JH, Heymans HS, Lange JM, Hoetelmans RM; A. Veldkamp, Slotervaart Hospital Dept Pharmacy, Louwesweg 6, 1066 Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +312 051 244 81, Fax: +312 051 247 53, E-mail: Apabg@slz.nl
Objective: To assess the steady-state pharmacokinetics (PK) of lamivudine and stavudine in HIV-1-infected children. Methods: In 16 HIV-1-infected children (age 1-155 months, weight 3.8-30 kg, 8 male, 8 female), who are treated with stavudine (1 mg/kg twice daily), and lamivudine (4 mg/kg twice daily) as part of a tripl
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4125)
Raffi F, Cremieux AC, Katlama C, Prevot MH, Leclerc V, Demarles D, Vial P, Gillotin C; F. Raffi, Hotel Dieu, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, Nantes 44 093, France, Tel.: +33 2400 833 51, Fax: +33 2400 833 35, E-mail: francois.raffi@wanadoo.fr
The bioequivalence between ZDV, 3TC plus ABC versus a single triple NRTI tablet (TCT) has been demonstrated in healthy volunteers. The purpose of this study was to obtain steady-state pharmacokinetic data in HIV infected patients following administration of
Background: To analyze the conformity of care practices according to the United States Public Health Service Guidelines (USPHS) in the management of HIV patients at this clinic. Methods: Medical records of 401 patients who attended the clinic from January 1, 1997 through November 30, 1998 were reviewed. USPHS guidelin
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4127)
Celentano D, Sethi A, Galai N, Shah N, Strathdee S, Vlahov D, Gallant J; D. Celentano, Johns Hopkins University, School of Public Health, Room E7132, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 955 13 56, Fax: +1 410 955 18 36, E-mail: dcelenta@jhsph.edu
Background: Studies have shown that HIV-infected injection drug users (IDUs) are less likely to receive potent antiretroviral therapy (ART) than non-drug users. Temporal trends in ART utilization among IDUs have not been reported. The objective of this study was to assess temporal trends and correlates of potent ART us
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4128)
Costa R, Serban M, Lesovici M, Sava C, Isac A, Gafencu M, Savici A, Haramuz A; R. Costa, 3rd Pediatric Clinic, Sc. B Ap. 20, Bogdanestilor Street Nr 2, 1900 Timisoara, Romania, Tel.: +40 56 146 297, Fax: +40 56 201 975, E-mail: roc@chho.sorostm.ro
Background: Even if we have since 1990 a large number of children with HIV infection, and the data about the progress obtained in the therapeutically domain was well known, because of the cost of the drugs we couldn t start ARV therapy until 1996. Objective: To determine the dynamic of therapeutically progress obtained
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4129)
Saple D, Maniar J, Vadrevu R; D. Saple, Grant Medical College,G.T Hospital, 11-C Oliver Mansion,Mogul Lane, Mahim, Mumbai-400 016, India, Tel.: +91 22 422 4312, Fax: +91 22 437 9604, E-mail: asaple@bom3.vsnl.net.in
Background: Use of combinations of ARTs is a relatively new experience especially in view of severe financial constrains of our people. This study attempts to look into the penetration, acceptance, compliance & safety of ART between Jan 99 to Dec 99. Methods: Patients attending our HIV/AIDS referral center, G.T. Ho
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4130)
Wickesberg A, Gute P, Locher L, Salzberger B, Wuhrmann A, Schliefer K, Rockstroh JK; A. Wickesberg, Universitetsklinik Bonn, Abteilung fuer Innere Medizin, Station Wunderlich, Sigmund-Freud-Str.25, 53105 Bonn, Germany, Tel.: +49 228 287 4461, Fax: +49 228 287 5798, E-mail: uzsc50@uni-bonn.de
Background: The combination of ritonavir (RTV) and indinavir (IDV) (2x100/800mg per day) for treatment of HIV offers the advantage of bid dosing and no meal restriction. Methods: 29 patients (n = 29) with high median baseline HIV-RNA-levels of 423502 copies/ml
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4131)
Lafeuillade A, Poggi C, Beauvais L, Gallet B, Dohin E, Chauvin JP, Rieu A, Delbeke E, Hittinger G; A. Lafeuillade, Unite Infectiologie, Hopital Chalucet, Rue Chalucet, F-83056 Toulon, France, Tel.: +33 494 22 77 41, Fax: +33 494 92 67 47, E-mail: avps@club-internet.fr
Background: trials like ACTG 343, ADAM or Trilege have found that maintenance therapy with 2 drugs after triple therapy leads to plasma RNA rebound. No data are available using a more effective induction regimen for several months, and looking at lymphoid reservoirs, like LNs, in terms of viral load evolution and drug
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4132)
Guerin S, Boufassa F, Persoz A, Hubert JB, Sadeg K, Sarr A, Meyer L; S. Guerin, Inserm U292, Hospital de Bicetre, Secteur Bleu "Pierre Marie" - Porte 26, 82 rue du General Leclerc, 94276 le Kremlin Bicetre Cedex, France, Tel.: +33 1 49 59 19 72, Fax: +33 1 45 21 20 75, E-mail: guerin@vjf.inserm.fr
Background: The CCR5-Delta32 deletion is predictive of a higher immunological and virological response to HAART including a protease inhibitor (PI), at month 6 (M6) and at month 12, in a population of HIV-1 infected patients with advanced disease but PI-naive (Valdez JAMA 1999, Guerin 7th CROI 2000). The role of the CC
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4133)
Cruz ML, Passoni LF, Menezes J, Machado E, Gazineo JL, Lessa MP, Giordani ML, Salgado LA, Machado GB, Senna AL, Sampaio EC, Ferraz VG; M.L. Cruz, Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Av. Afrinio de Melo Franco 85/202, CEP 22430-060 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 239 9363, Fax: +55 21 294 5392, E-mail: mlscruz@gbl.com.br
Background: Brazilian Ministry of Health provides antiretroviral therapy (ART) to every HIV infected person. Hospital dos Servidores do Estado is a public hospital with an HIV/AIDS program with 539 patients. Since 1996 protease inhibitors have been available to our patients. Methods: Records from 185 patients using PI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4134)
Corales R, Shrestha N, Taege A, Isada C, Rehm S, Schmitt S, Gordon S, Mawhorter S; R. Corales, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, S-32, Department of Infectious Disease, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States, Tel.: +(216) 445 57 98, Fax: +(216) 445 94 46, E-mail: coraler@ccf.org
Issues: Proven clinical efficacy of protease sparing regimens (PSR) has been shown in controlled studies. Concerns exist about broad applicability of these regimens in advanced naive patients. Immune activation (increased CD38 on CD8) portends poor prognosis, though correlation with treatment outcomes is limited. Recen
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4135)
Matthews G, Gazzard B, Nelson M; G. Matthews, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0181 746 5610, Fax: +44 0181 746 8537, E-mail: sandra.mead@chelwest.org
To assess efficacy and tolerability of indinavir / ritonavir (I/R) combination in HIV-infected patients. Method: A large prospectively collected database was used to analyse viral load and CD4 responses in all patients prescribed I/R.
Introduction: The use in the treatment of Aids of HAART has supposed an important advance in the treatment of this infection. However, its long term effectiveness is still to be determined. Purposes: To know the present efficacy of this therapy in a group of non-selected HIV patients attending our HIV clinic. Patients
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4137)
Miller S; S. Miller, InnovirInstitute, PO Box 751940, Garden View, 2047, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 616 7585, Fax: +27 11 616 0192, E-mail: sdm@innovirinstitute.com
Background: Several studies have confirmed superior treatment benefit, and enhanced patient wellbeing and survival amongst patients treated by physicians with expertise in HIV medicine. We evaluated the outcome of initial antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of patients whose first antiretroviral regimen was selected ei
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4138)
Parrish D, Godbey J; D. Parrish, Multnomah County HIV Health Services Center, 426 SW Stark, 4th floor, Portland, OR 97204, United States, Tel.: +503 248 50 22, Fax: +503 248 50 22, E-mail: debby.a.parrish@co.multnomah.or.us
Purpose: Nervous system and psychiatric side effects are reported in 52% of patients receiving efavirenz (EFV). In clinical trials, 2.6% of the general population reportedly discontinued EFV due to nervous system side effects. Can EFV be used safely in patients with history of or current diagnosis of substance abuse
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4139)
Godbey J, Parrish D; J. Godbey, Multnomah County HIV Health Services Center, 426 SW Stark, 4th floor, Portland, OR 97204, United States, Tel.: +503 248-5022, Fax: +503 248-5022, E-mail: joel.s.godbey@co.multnomah.or.us
Background/Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of ABC/ 3TC /EFV using a unique protocol to avoid confusing EFV and ABC reactions. Methods: We followed 22 patients in our public clinic treated with ABC/3TC/EFV. Mean baseline RNA plasma viral load (VL) and CD4 were 4.8 log10 and 267 respectively.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4140)
Jordan W;;; W. Jordan, King Drew Medical Center, 12021 Wilmington, Los Angeles, CA 90059, United States, Tel.: +310 668-42 13, Fax: +310 631-29 34, E-mail: tojo44@aol.com
Objective: To bring inner city HIV positive patients into medical treatment earlier in the course of their disease through a focused HIV outreach program, in addition to determining the efficacy of protease inhibitor treatment in this population. Background: In November we presented results regarding the efficacy of as
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4141)
Touloumi G, Paparizos V, Sambatakou H, Katsarou O, Chryssos G, Kordossis T, Antoniadou A, Sipsas N, Pappa M, Stavrianeas N, Gargalianos P, Karafoulidou A, Lazanas M, Giamarelou H, Hatzakis A; G. Touloumi, Athens Univ Med School, Athens Greece, Greece, Tel.: +30 177 197 25, Fax: +30 177 042 25, E-mail: gtouloum@cc.uoa.gr
Background: Results from randomized clinical trials have shown that highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) dicreases viral load and increases CD4 cell count. However mild to long term immunological response as well as factors influencing this response have rarely been evaluated in normal clinical practice. Method
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4142)
Perez-Elias MJ, Moreno A, Casado JL, Munoz V, Antela A, Dronda F, Moreno L, Moreno S; M. J. Perez-Elias, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 913 368 672, Fax: +34 913 368 672, E-mail: mperez@hrc.insalud.es
Background: To date, there is no information about the comparative efficacy of IDV vs NFV-based therapies in naive patients in routine practice, that could help clinicians chosing the most adequate initial therapy. Objective: To assess the long-term effectiveness of IDV vs NFV-based HAART in 134 naive HIV-infected pati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4143)
jambroes M, Dieleman J; M. jambroes, NATEC, Meibergdreef 9, Gebouwdeel T, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 566 41 72, Fax: +31 20 566 91 89, E-mail: m.jambroes@amc.uva.nl
Background: It has been documented that dual PI regimens are more potent and may offer more convenient dosing than single PI regimens. However, long term benefit and toxicity are unknown. Objective: To compare the efficacy of dual PI regimens with single PI regimens, when administered with 2 NRTI s in antiretroviral n
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4144)
Guardiola JM, Paredes R, Diaz I, Munoz J, Coma E, Ris J, Lopez-Contreras J, Domingo P, Gurgui M, Vazquez G; J.M. Guardiola, Sant Pau Hospital, Avda. Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 291 93 43, Fax: +34 93 291 92 69, E-mail: 25557jgt@comb.es
Background: To analyze the safety and virological and immunological efficacy of IDV based regimes after three years follow-up. Methods: We rewiewed the clinical records of all patients who began IDV based regimes between November 1996 and March 1997. During treatment inclusion period IDV was began in 150 patients and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4145)
Tebas P, Katzenstein D, Henry K, Nease R, Powderly WG; P. Tebas, Washington University, 4511 Forest Park, St. Louis, MO, 63108, United States, Tel.: +1 314 4540 058, Fax: +1 314 3615 231, E-mail: tebas@im.wustl.edu
Background: We have used Markov modeling and decision analysis to evaluate the effect of different antiretroviral strategies in the long-term virologic outcomes in large populations. Possible strategies to treat HIV when resources are limited are to delay therapy until clinical progression occurs or to use DDI monother
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4146)
Scott-Algara D, Badell E, Billaud E, Ferre V, Raffi F; D. Scott-Algara, Institute Pasteur Unite Dimmuno-Hematologie, 28 Rue Du Dr Roux, 757 24 Paris 15, France, Tel.: +331 456 882 13, Fax: +331 456 889 51, E-mail: scott@pasteur.fr
Test D0 D14 D28 M1 M2 M3 M12 M15 ELISA neg neg ± ± ± ± neg neg WB neg neg 1 band 1 band 1 band 1 band neg neg HIV-RNA ND ND neg CD4 cells 60% 66% 62% 58% CD8 cells 22.5% 21.
Background: The purpose of this study is to determine differences in CD4 and viral load (VL outcomes at 90 & 180 days for ART-naive patients (pts.) initiating single or dual PI therapy. Clinical Partners (CP) is a disease management company providing data support and HIV case management to managed care organization
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4148)
Koenig L, Ellerbrock TV, Pratt-Palmore M, Stratford D, Malatino E, Todd-Turner M, Bush T, Stewart KA, Schnell C; L. Koenig, Centers for disease control & prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. Mse - 45, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 51 92, Fax: +1 404 639 61 18, E-mail: lek5@cdc.gov
Objective: To determine social and psychological factors predictive of failure of HAART - that is, no substantial decrease of plasma HIV RNA ( viral load ) - within the first 1-5 months of therapy. Methods: For 47 HAART-naive patients enrolled in an adherence study at an inner-city clinic in the southeastern U.S., pre-
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4149)
Sowell R, Murdaugh C, Addy C, Moneyham L, Tavakoli A, Rush C, Ibemere L, Julious C; R. Sowell, 3205 Cornwall Road, Columbia South Carolina 29204, United States, Tel.: +1 803 777 7107, Fax: +1 803 777 3771, E-mail: richard.sowell@sc.edu
Background: Despite the potential benefits of AZT in preventing perinatal transmission, HIV+ women may not accept or adhere to recommended drug therapy. This study sought to identify factors that influenced intent to take AZT if women become pregnant as well as give it to their newborns. Method: In a descriptive stud
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4150)
Gerber JG, Grodesky M, Acosta E, Fujita N, Mason S; J. G. Gerber, University of Colorado HSC, 4200 East 9th Avenue, PO Box C237, Denver, CO 80203, United States, Tel.: +1 303 315 69 23, Fax: +1 303 315 32 72, E-mail: john.gerber@uchsc.edu
Background: The therapeutic option for HIV-infected subjects who have failed multiple antiretroviral drug combinations is very limited. Both DLV and RTV increase the plasma concentrations of IDV, and high level resistance to IDV requires multiple protease (PR) mutations. Thus, we hypothesized that concomitant IDV/RTV/D
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4151)
Manfredi R, Chiodo F; R. Manfredi, University of Bologna via massrenti 11, I-40138 Bologna, Italy, Tel.: +395 051 63 63 355, Fax: +39 051 34 35 00
Background: Salvage antiviral treatment is expected to become an increasingly frequent practice in highly pretreated patients (p) with HIV infection, who experience failure of prolonged highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: The outcome of a rescue regimen of NFV, e
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4152)
Manfredi R, Chiodo F; R.Manfredi, University of Bologna via massarenti 11, I-40138 Bologna, Italy, Tel.: +395 051 63 63 355, Fax: +39 051 34 35 00
Background: Despite the success of HAART, which attained revolutionary changes in the natural history of HIV disease, the need of less complicated and toxic regimens is expected to become more and more compelling. Methods: A prospective virological and immunological survey of all patients (p) who due to poor tolerabili
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4153)
Morris AB, Reiter G, Wairimu K; A.B.Morris, Community Research Initiative, 780 Chestnut Street, Suite 30, Springfield MA 01107, United States, Tel.: +1 413 747 55 66, Fax: +1 413 747 56 66, E-mail: amorrismd@POL.net
Objective: To determine the efficacy and durability of BID nelfinavir in two clinic populations in those started on BID dosing and those switched from TID to BID dosing. Methods: Retrospective chart reviews was performed on all HIV positive patients who have received nelfinavir 1250 mg BID as one component of their co
Background: To determine the efficacy and safety of a switch from a PI-containing regimen to an EFV based therapy in patients with undetectable plasma viral loads (pVL). Methods: Follow-up of 42 patients (mean age: 43±9.4) with a pVL >50 cps/ml and CD4+ >200 cells/m l at baseline. The median time on PI-regimen was 2
Background: It is uncertain how best to sequence antiretroviral (ARV) therapies in HIV and whether it is best to start with a protease inhibitor (PI) containing or sparing combination. The ability to salvage these regimens is important. This study was designed to determine the virologic and immunologic response to an A
Background: Two new antiretroviral drugs - Abacavir (NRTI) and Efavirenz (NNRTI) - became available in Germany in 1998. The combination of these 2 potent drugs offers the basis of a new salvage regimen for patients who have
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4157)
Ladisa N; N. Ladisa, University of Bari Clinic of Infectious, Piazza G. Cesare no 11, Bari 70126, Italy, Tel.: +39 080 559 2472, Fax: +39 080 547 8334, E-mail: trial@clininf.uniba.it
Background: The aim of our study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of switching patients with an undetectable viral load and alteration of metabolic parameters from a PI-containing regimen to a PI-sparing, NNRTI-containing regimen. Methods: A total of 28 NNRTI-naive, PI-treated patients with a viral load
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4158)
Ladisa N, Perulli LM, Angarano G, Pastore G; N. Ladisa, University of Bari, Piazza G Cearsare n11, Bari 70126, Italy, Tel.: +39 080 559 2472, Fax: +39 080 544 8334, E-mail: trial@clininf.uni.ba.it
Background: The role of NNRTIs for first-line therapy, for management of protease inhibitor (PI)-treated patients with metabolic alterations, and for salvage regimens were studied. The aim of the retrospective study is to ascertain if salvage regimens with 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) plus 1NNR
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4159)
Moreno A, Casado JL, Marte-Belda P, Sabido R, Garcia-Arata I, Martinez C, Perez-Elias MJ, Moreno S; A. Moreno, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, P.O. Box 3438-1000, San Jose, Spain, Tel.: +50-6-220 42 43, Fax: +50-6-220 42 38
Background: The combination of ritonavir (RTV) plus indinavir (IDV), twice daily and after meals, has been suggested as a potent and easy antiretroviral therapy. However, the most adequate schedule remains undefined, especially in combination with non-nucleoside
Background: Indinavir is a potent PI which main side-effects are renal stones and insufficiency related to its elimination in the form of cristals in the urine. The use of nevirapine instead of IDV might be an acceptable alternative for these cases.
Background: Many patients who cannot adhere to, tolerate, or achieve virological control with PI-containing regimens can benefit from switching to combinations of nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. However the durability of this approach has not been examined beyond 6 mos. Methods: The case
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4162)
Owen W, Stein C; W. Owen, William F. Owen, Jr., M.D., 45 Castro Street, Suite 402, San Francisco, CA 94114-1027, United States, Tel.: +1 415 861 2400, Fax: +1 415 861 8733, E-mail: Bill@owenmed.com
Objective: To review the efficacy and durability of delavirdine (DLV) in pharmacokinetic enhancement of protease inhibitor (PI) based therapy for patients (pt) with AIDS who have had extensive ART experience. Design/Study Setting: Retrospective analysis of all records in an urban private practice.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4163)
Chavanet P, Grappin M, Buisson M, Gourdon F, Cabic A, Brunel - Dalmas F, Piroth L; P. Chavanet, Hopital du Bocage, Infectious Dis Dpt, BP 1542, Dijon 21034, France, Tel.: +33 3 80 29 33 05, Fax: +33 3 80 29 36 38, E-mail: p.chavanet@planetb.fr
Background: Many HIV-1 infected patients are failing to maintain maximal viral suppression with ART and require salvage therapies. As RTV increases SQV s AUC, SQV and NFV interact by increasing their respective AUC and exhibit good antiviral activities, the aim of this work was to compare the immuno-virological efficac
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4164)
Arrizabalaga J, Iribarren JA, Pinilla J, Rodriguez-Arrondo FJ, Von Wichmann MA, Labarga P, Riera M, Aliaga L, Aguirrebengoa K, Gesida-10 S; J. Arrizabalaga, Hospital Aranzazu, Paseo Dr. Beguiristain s/n, San Sebastian, 20014, Guipzcoa, Spain, Tel.: 34943007220, Fax: 34943460758, E-mail: jarriz@euskalnet.net
Objective: To asses the efficacy of ddI +HU+EFV+PI salvage therapy in patients with at least two previous antiretroviral regimen failures. Methods: Patients on virological failure (>1000 copies/mL) and with at least two previous antiretroviral regimen failures were included. Previous experience of a NNRTI was an exclus
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4165)
Zell S, Kazmieer AM, Trimmer SL, Goodman PH; S. Zell, University of Nevada, Washoe Medical Center, 77 Pringle Way, Reno, Nevada 89502, United States, Tel.: +1 775 982 48 68, Fax: +1 775 982 48 71, E-mail: sczell@unr.edu
Background: To explore a protease inhibitor (PI) sparing maintenance regimen after successful induction in patients experiencing viral load (VL) suppression using the dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) d4T , chosen due to its favorable resistance profile and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4166)
Greiger P, Blick G, Carrey Z, Sharfuddin S, Garton T, Sasse R, Leonardos M; P. Greiger, 12 N. 7th Ave., Mount Vernon, NY 10550, United States, Tel.: +1 914 664 8000, E-mail: greigerpmd@aol.com
Background: PI containing HAART regimens have reduced morbidity & mortality and HIV has become a chronic and manageable disease. Long term use of PI has been implicated in causing mitochondrial dysfunction & severe metabolic complications & death. This trial attempts to determine if aviremia can be maintain
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4167)
Piroth L, Buisson M, Grappin M, Guong M, Portier H, Chavanet P; L. Piroth, University Hospital Dijon, Infectious Dis Dpt, PO Box 1542, 21034 Dijon, France, Tel.: +33 3 8029 3305, Fax: +33 3 8029 3638, E-mail: p.chavanet@planetb.fr
Simplified maintenance therapy with NNRTI ( nevirapine ) in patients with long term suppression of HIV-1 RNA : first results of a cohort study HAART containing Protease Inhibitors (PI) cause sustained virological suppression, improve CD4 cell counts but are associated with many side effects. NNRTI are potent antiretro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4168)
Forcina G, Santopadre P, d'Ettorre G, Massetti AP, Corpolongo A, Dell'Isola S, Mastroianni CM, Vullo V; G. Forcina, University La Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 331, 00161 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 649 972 627, Fax: +39 649 972 625, E-mail: v.vullo@caspur.it
Background: Patients experiencing virologic failure while on combination antiretroviral therapy have few treatment options for reducing plasma HIV-1 RNA to > 400 copies/ml. Abacavir (ABC) is a novel nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It has a good oral availability and penetrates into the CNS.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4169)
Saah A, Haas DW, Rhodes R, Nessly M, Condra J, Holder D; A. Saah, Merck & Co., Inc., Merck Research Laboratories, PO Box 4, BL3-4, West Point, PA 19486, United States, Tel.: +1 610 397 3175, Fax: +1 610 397 3404, E-mail: alfred_saah@merck.com
Virologic Response to Indinavir (IDV), Efavirenz (EFV) and Adefovir (ADV) among Patients Failing Nelfinavir (NFV). Objective: To characterize the plasma HIV-1 RNA response to IDV-base
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4170)
Munsiff A, Dhingra R; A. Munsiff, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of Substance Abuse, 500 Waters Place, Parker Bldg, 6th floor, Ward 20, Bronx, New York 10461, United States, Tel.: +718-832-5910, Fax: +718-832-9243, E-mail: avmunsiff@pol.net
Background: HIV patients with viral rebound on a nelfinavir (NFV)-containing regimen may be virologically controlled on regimens containing ritonavir (RTV) and saquinavir-sgc (FTV), with or without a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (non-NRTI)
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4171)
Casado JL, Munoz V, Arrizabalaga J, Moreno A, Iribarren JA, Antela A, Dronda F, Moreno S; J. L. Casado, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Cra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 336 86 72, Fax: +34 91 336 86 72, E-mail: jcasado@hrc.insalud.es
Background: The best option for patients with intolerance to protease inhibitors (PI), in spite of virological suppression, is not known. Maintenance regimens reducing the number of drugs have failed, and other alternative drug have not been evaluated in a large number of patients. We determine the role of a non-nucleo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4172)
Johnson D, Andersen D; D. Johnson, USC Department of Internal Medicine, 1300 Mission Road, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States, Tel.: +1 323 343 83 09, Fax: +1 323 226 28 03, E-mail: debrajoh@hsc.usc.edu
Abstract Background: Ritonavir (RTV) and indinavir (IDV) and nevirapine (NVP) is a relatively new combination where little data is available about its efficacy and tolerability.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4173)
Zolopa A, Keiser P, Tebas P, Gallant J, Sension M, Smith P, Gathe J, Flamm J, Hawkins T, Nadler J, Shafer R, Henry K; A. Zolopa, Stanford University, 1101 Welch Road, Suite A3, Palo Alto, California, 94305, United States, Tel.: +650-498-5881, Fax: +650-498-5291, E-mail: azolopa@stanford.edu
Background: For many HIV-1 infected patients ART fails to maintain maximal viral suppression, these patients may benefit from a change in ART. We investigated the clinical and genotypic predictors of virologic response to RTV/SQV combination therapy in patients who had virologic failure on NFV-containing ART. Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4175)
Uriel AJ, Daintith R, Howard J, Dunbar EM, Denning DW, Mandal BK, Wilkins EG; A.J. Uriel, North Manchester General Hospital, Delaunays Road, Crumpsall, Manchester M8, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 161 795 4567, Fax: +44 161 720 2562, E-mail: alisonuriel@aol.com
Amprenavir , a new HIV protease inhibitor (PI), is currently available on an expanded access programme in the UK, for use in HIV infected individuals either failing or intolerant to standard PI therapy. Published data suggests that Amprenavir has the advantage of less cross resistance than other PIs and may therefor
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4176)
Munsiff A, Watson-Bitar M; A. Munsiff, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of Substance Abuse, 1500 Waters Place, Parker Bldg, 6th Floor, Ward 20, Bronx, NY 10461, United States, Tel.: +1 718 832 59 10, Fax: +1 718 832 92 43, E-mail: avmunsiff@pol.net
Background: Regimens containing Ritonavir + Saquinavir with or without a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) are effective in HIV patients experiencing viral rebound on a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4177)
Hardy D, Pedneault L, Mustafa N, Green S, Thompson M, Valentine F, Dusak B, Rooney J; D. Hardy, Pacific Oaks Medical Group, 6313 Bryn Mawr Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90068-2808, United States, Tel.: +1 323 466 83 83, Fax: +1 323 466 83 84, E-mail: drhardy@ucla.edu
Background: To generate preliminary data on the safety, tolerability and antiviral activity of a novel quadruple HAART regimen in PI- and NRTI-experienced HIV-infected subjects. Methods: Subjects naive to NNRTIs and to the four study medications received ABC 300 mg BID + APV 1200 mg BID + EFV 600 mg QD + ADV 60 mg QD.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4178)
Rutherford G, Kennedy GE, Feldman KA; G. Rutherford, 74 New Montgomery Street, San Francisco CA 94 10 5 - 3 44 4, United States, Tel.: +141 559 791 08, Fax: +141 559 792 13, E-mail: grutherford@psg.ucsf.edu
Introduction: Because adherence to complicated combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is difficult and because of concerns regarding cumulative toxicity of and resistance to ART, regimens that utilize fewer antiretrovirals and limit emergence of resistance to protease inhibitors (PI) are theoretically more desira
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4179)
Rubio R, Torralba M, Sacristan R, Martin J, Sanchez S, Pulido F, Zurita S, Costa JR, Alcami J; R. Rubio, HIV Unit. "12 de Octubre" Hospital, Ctra. Andalucia Km 5,400, 28041, Madrid, Spain, E-mail: rrubiog@meditex.es
Objective: To determine the efficacy and tolerance of a mega- HAART salvage regimen containing EFV+ABC+ 2 NRTIs+ 1 IP in highly experienced HIV-infected patients. Patients and methods: prospective observational study with 18 highly antiretroviral (AR) experienced patients.15 were men and 3 women with a mean age of 41 y
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4181)
Hoffmann C, Jaegel-Guedes E, Wolf E, Gersbacher E, Pascucci R, Buchberger A, Moser-Juenemann C, Jaeger H; C. Hoffmann, KIS-Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Mozartstr.3, 8,336 Muenchen, Germany, Tel.: +49 895 998 933, Fax: +49 895 998 93 53, E-mail: MUCRes@aol.com
Objectives:To assess and compare toxicity, and immunological, virological and clinical efficacies of two PI-sparing regimens, consisting of either 3 NRTI or 2NRTI plus 1NNRTI in ART-naive HIV+ patients (pts). Methods: Pts assigned to d4T + ddI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4182)
Jaeger H, Gersbacher E, Wolf E, Pascucci R, Moser Juenemann C, Jaegel Guedes E; H. Jaeger, KIS-Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Mozartstr.3, 80336 Muenchen, Germany, Tel.: +49 895 998 933, Fax: +49 895 998 9353, E-mail: mucres@aol.com
Rationale/Objectives: To assess and compare virological and immunological efficacies and blood lipid changes of a triple combination with EFV or NVP in addition to 2NRTIs in HIV patients (pts). Methods: Restrospective analysis of a cohort of 190 HIV infected pts treated with either a combination of 2NRTIs +EFV or +NVP.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4183)
Grossman H, Purdom D, Butcher D, Frechette G, Chamblais P, Glazer E, Corcoran B, Duong P, Markson L; H. Grossman, 155 West 19th Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10011, United States, Tel.: +(212) 929-2629, Fax: +(212) 929-4971, E-mail: hagdoc@bellatlantic.net
Objectives: A retrospective evaluation of twice daily (BID) IDV 800mg plus RTV 200mg with multiple reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI) as a salvage regimen in extensively pretreated patients with detectable vRNA. Methods: Chart review has been completed in 2 of 6 study clinics; data are presented for 28 pts who were
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4184)
Carosi G, Colomba A, Riccio G, Gritti F, Poggio A, Pagano G, Fiori GP, De Lalla F, Scalzini A, Leoncini F, Moroni M, Cadrobbi P, Borri A, Maggiolo F, Nencioni C, Bertolacci V, Mondino V, Castaldo G, Di Pietro M, Visona R, Lo Caputo S, Lingua A, Pan A, Sighinolfi L, Montesarchio V, Martelli LT, Legnani G, Coronado O, Migliorino M, Stagni G, Ballardini G, Maserati R, Ladisa N, Vangi D, Paraninfo G, Tinelli C, Patroni A, Castelli F, Suter F, Caprioli S, Orani AM, Chiodera A, Casari S, Fausti C, Palvarini L, Andreoni A, Carnevale G, Vigevani GM, Minoli R, Pastore G, Cadeo GP, Chirianni A, Ciammarughi R, Toti M, Mazzotta F, Ghinelli F, Pauluzzi S, Ranieri S; G. Carosi, P.le Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, Italy, Tel.: +39 30 3995 664, Fax: +39 30 303061, E-mail: castelli@matser.cci.unibs.it
Background: Clinical practice shows that HAART-induced clinical benefit are often achieved despite apparent sub-optimal viro-immun success, suggesting that additional variables (future options, tolerability) influence clinical outcome beside virological potency. Aim of this study, designed in 1997, is to compare HAART
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4185)
Hoffmann C, Jaegel-Guedes E, Wolf E, Gersbacher E, Pascucci R, Moser-Juenemann C, Jaeger H; C. Hoffmann, KIS-Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Mozartstr.3, 80336 Munich, Germany, Tel.: +49 89 5998 933, Fax: +49 89 59989 353, E-mail: MUCRes@aol.com
Background: The use of PI-containing regimens in HIV+ patients (pts) is often accompanied by an increase in blood lipids and development of lipodystrophy syndrome. The extent to which switching patients to a PI-sparing regimen aids readjustment in metabolic disturbances requires clarification. Objectives: To assess cha
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4186)
Antela A, Moreno A, Casado JL, Munoz V, Moreno L, Dronda F, Perez-Elias MJ, Moreno S; A. Antela, Ramon Y Cajal Hospital, Carr. Colmenar, km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 336 8672, Fax: +34 91 336 8672, E-mail: aantelal@seimc.org
Background: Ritonavir (RTV)/ Saquinavir (SQV)-containing therapy can be used as a salvage treatment in patients failing to protease inhibitors (PI). There is a lack of data about long-term safety of RTV/SQV-con
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4187)
Montaner J, Harrigan R, Raboud J, Jahnke N, Hogg R, Yip B, O'Shaughnessy M; J. Montaner, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Tel.: +1 604 806 8036, Fax: +1 604 806 8464, E-mail: jmontaner@hivnet.ubc.ca
Objective: To characterize the antiviral response to MDRT among heavily pre-treated individuals. Methods: Patients referred for assessment due to treatment failure with prior ARV experience were offered MDRT. Regimens included up to 9 drugs: up to 4 nucleosides, 2 protease inhibitors , 2 NNRTIs, with or without hyd
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4188)
Tellez MJ, Estrada V, Roca V, Gamir MJ; M J. Tellez, Medicina Interna., Hospital Clinico San Carlos., 28040. Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34-913303538, E-mail: mjtellez@redestb.es
Background: Clinical trials of efavirenz (EFV) have shown its clinical benefits on naive patients and it has not yet been associated with significant metabolic disturbances. The aim of our study was to assess efficacy and safety of switching from protease inhibitors
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4189)
Nelson M, Moyle G, Mandalia S, Gotch F, Gazzard BG, Imami N; M. Nelson, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0181 746 5610, Fax: +44 0181 746 8537, E-mail: sandra.mead@chelwest.org
Objective: To describe the lymphoproliferative responses (LPR) following therapy change from PI to NNRTI based HAART. Methods: Patients switching from PI to NNRTI based regimens were identified. CD4 cell counts, viral loads (VL) and LPR to recall antigens, mitogens and HIV-1 recombinant antigens were performed at basel
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4190)
Gange S, Schneider M, French A, Levine A, Telzak E, Minkoff H, Young M, Greenblatt R; S. Gange, Johns Hopkins University, Department of Epidemiology, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room E7010, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 1277, Fax: +1 410 614 7125, E-mail: sgange@jhsph.edu
Background: To determine the effect of prior antiretroviral therapy (ART) and number of new drugs when initiating potent ART regimens on markers of disease progression. Methods: We examined the changes in HIV-1 RNA (NASBA, response defined as below 4K limit of detection) and CD4 cell counts collected 6-12 months (N = 4
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4191)
Acosta A, Merrick S, Jacobs J; A. Acosta, 595 Madison Avenue, Suite 1200, New York NY 10022, United States, Tel.: +1 212 230 10 10, Fax: +1 212 230 18 88, E-mail: travmed@interport.net
Issue: Failure of HAART with the development of multiple drug resistant HIV has been reported. Various salvage HAART regimens have been utilized with varying results. Description: A 24 year old male HIV+ hemophiliac with a history of AIDS-defining conditions (CD4>200, PCP , candida
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4192)
Schneider S, Sheneberger R, Cordova R; S. Schneider, St.Mary Medical Center, 1040 Elm Ave., Suite 204, United States, Tel.: +(562) 491-9999, Fax: +(562) 491-9128, E-mail: derschneider@pol.net
Background: Therapy with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and NNRTI has been shown to be potent. Limited data are available on changing PI to NNRTI in PI-intolerant or failing patients. Methods and Study Subjects: This is a retrospective study of all patients followed in an inner city clinic that swit
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4193)
Sheneberger R, Schneider S, Cordova R; R. Sheneberger, St.Mary Medical Center, 1040 Elm Av., Suite 204, United States, Tel.: +1562 491-9999, Fax: (+1562) 491-9128, E-mail: rsheneberger@chw.edu
Background: The emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) represents a considerable challenge to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) of HIV. Limited data are available on the feasibility and outcomes of treatment of MDR-HIV with multi-drug regimens. Methods: This retrospective study included all patients in our
Background: A substantial proportion of HIV+ patients show a discordant viro-immunological response to HAART. The aim of this study is to compare the long term viro-immunological status in discordant pts according to therapeutical decision adopted. Methods: HIV+ pts attending the Inst. of Infectious & Tropical Dise
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4195)
Keiser P, Williams W, Evans L, O'Brien W, Skiest D; P. Keiser, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 1936 Amelia Court, Dallas, Texas 75235, United States, Tel.: +1 214 590 28 66, Fax: +1 215 590 28 32, E-mail: philip.keiser@email.swmed.edu
Background: Efavirenz (EFV) is a potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) whose utilitiy in salvage therapy is not well defined. Study Design: Prospective, open label study of EFV plus at least 2 other agents in protease inhibitor (PI) experienced patients. Primary endpoint was time to treatment f
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4196)
Alvarez-Arnao D; D. Alvarez-Arnao, 1427 Vine St, 5TH Floor, Philadelphia. PA 19002, United States, Tel.: +1 215 762 32 27, Fax: +1 215 246 58 41, E-mail: dfa22@drexel.edu
Background: Patients with extensive antiretroviral experience have limited therapeutic options. Regimens that include efavirenz and amprenavir have not extensively been studied. Adding ritona
Background: Metabolic abnormalities such as elevated cholesterol (CHO) and triglycerides (TG), as well as body fat redistribution, have been associated with both PIs and nucleoside analogues. Preliminary studies suggest that substitution of the PI by NVP can lead to at least partial reversal of these symptoms. Methods:
Background: Concerns about both long-term toxicity of PIs and patients ability to adhere to complex treatment regimens have led to the exploration of alternative strategies. Initial simplification strategies in which the PI was withdrawn from the regimen lacked the potency to maintain virologic control. Methods: All s
Introduction: Intolerance and metabolic adverse effects limit the long term use of Protease Inhibitors (PI)-containing antiretroviral regimens. Objective. to evaluate the virological, immunological and metabolic impact of switching a PI by NNTRI in PI-experienced patients (pts) suffering lypodistrophy or other adverse
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4200)
Ammassari A, Marconi P, Larussa D, Trotta MP, Cingolani A, Murri R, De Luca A; A. Ammassari, Catholic University, Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, L.go A Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 06 301 549 45, Fax: +39 06 305 45 19, E-mail: a.ammassari@iol.it
Objective: To identify determinants of long-term clinical, immunologic or virologic response in HIV+ pts starting PIs at CD4 > 50/mmc. Methods: Prospective population-based monocenter study conducted in Italy on all consecutive HIV+ pts with CD4 > 50/mmc who started PIs (IDV or RTV) in Sept-96. Response at 3 y was defi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4201)
De Luca A, Baldini F, Di Giambenedetto S, Cingolani A, Zaccarelli M, Tozzi V, Antinori A; A. De Luca, Catholic University, Dept. of Infectious Diseases, L.go A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 - Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39-06-301-553-66, Fax: +39-06-305-45-19, E-mail: andeluc@tin.it
Objectives: to establish safety and efficacy of switch from PI to NVP in HAART patients with VL > 500 c/ml, with or without treatment-related side effects Methods: Multicenter analysis of pts switching from PI to NVP with stable background NRTI, with VL > 500, because of PI-related side effects or request of regimen si
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4202)
Bentata-Pessayre M, Mosnier A, Berlureau P, Rouges F, Hauteville P, Krivitzky A, Urbinelli R, Allaert FA; M. Bentata-Pessayre, Avicenne Hospital - Unite SIDA, 125 Route de Stalingrad, 93009 Bobigny Cedex, France, Tel.: +33 14 895 5144, Fax: +33 14 895 5856, E-mail: hiv.bentata@avc.ap_hop_paris.fr
Objective: To evaluate metabolic and morphologic acceptability of nevirapine (NVP) in combination therapy . Methods: Pragmatic monocentric open study of 132 subjects (46 females, 35%) beginning NVP either as first line treatment sparing Protease Inhibitors (PI) or as taking over from pre
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4203)
Ekong E, Grant I, Uwah A; E. Ekong, 14 Reeve Road Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria, Tel.: +234 126 723 74, Fax: +234 126 352 19, E-mail: eekong@beta.linkserve.com
Background: A major success in clinical management of HIV patients has been the use of Protease Inhibitors (PIs) in combination with one or more reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs). Objective: To evaluate the clinical, virological and immunological efficacy of the combination of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4204)
Hsu R, Bellman PC; R. Hsu, 99 University Place: 3Rd Floor, 10003 New York, United States, Tel.: +1 212 673 1000, Fax: +1 212 673 0408, E-mail: rkshsu@aol.com
Background: One of the foremost challenges in clinical HIV medicine involves the treatment of patients who are resistant to the currently available antiretroviral drugs. However, studies combining amprenavir with low doses of ritonavir yield amprenavir drug
Background of Study: Since the introduction of HAART in 1996, treatment failures have been experienced in patients with prior sequential mono-therapy with nucleoside analogues and protease inhibitor. Salvage treatments for these patients include drug combinations with newly registered drugs that lack data on safety an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4206)
Badsi E, Salord JM, Knellwolf AL, Cervoni J, Diemer M, Vincent V, Bonfanti N, Bergmann JF, Caulin C; E. Badsi, Hospital Lariboisiere, Service du Pr CAULIN, Medecine A 2, Rue Ambroise Pare, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France, Tel.: +33 1 4995 63 39, Fax: +33 1 4995 36 40, E-mail: catherine@lrb.ap-hop-paris.fr
Background: To study clinical and biological evolution of HIV patients after switching a PI for a NNRTI. Method: Prospective study of a cohort of 59 HIV patients collecting data at Day 0, Month 3 and Month 6 after the switch, evaluating efficacy and tolerance of the NNRTI. Population : 59 patients, 15% female, 85% male
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4207)
Jaeger H, Wolf E, Schardt J, Buchberger A, Ulmer A, Procacciani M, Moser-Juenemann C, Hoffmann C, Jaegel-Guedes E; H. Jaeger, KIS-Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Mozartstr.3, 80336 Munich, Germany, Tel.: +49 895 998 933, Fax: +49 895 998 9353, E-mail: MUCRes@aol.com
Drug Holidays (DH): Impact on VL, CD4 Cells and Clinical Outcome in HIV+ Patients Rationale: Anecdotal reports on structural DH prompted controversal discussion as to whether DH may function as a booster vaccine to the immune system or/and be beneficial in patients (pts) with multidrug resistance prior to onset of a ne
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4208)
Wellons M, Jacobson AJ, VanLoon K, Diego Miralles G, Montefiori D, Bartlett JA, Nixon DF, Ortiz GM; M. Wellons, Duke University Medical Center, 4105 Liddington Drive, Durham, NC 27705, United States, Tel.: +1 919 681 5447, E-mail: mfw@acpub.duke.edu
Background: Preliminary studies of treatment interruption (TI) in HIV-infected subjects suggest that some subjects may control plasma HIV RNA levels without medications, perhaps due to enhancement of HIV-specific immune responses. Methods: Randomized study of treatment interruption in chronically HIV-infected subjects.
Background: The objective is to compare the ocurrence of AE in NVR and EFV-treated patients and to compare the rate of discontinuation due to toxicity in both. Methods: The first 88 patients treated with NVR and EFV in 1999 during at least 4 months were reviewed. Statistics method used was Chi-square test and Fisher Ex
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4210)
Petrea S, Mardarescu M, Darasteanu I, Draghicenoiu R, Tudor AM, Jugulete G, Petrea JM, Luminos M, Duma D; S. Petrea, Matei Bals Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sector 2, 1 Grozovici Street, Bucharest, Romania, Tel.: +40 1 210 50 70, Fax: +40 1 212 26 45, E-mail: pav4aids@kappa.ro
Background: Considering the statistics of the M.O.M there are living 5963 HIV infected children in Romania which represents about 52% of the total HIV infected children of Europe. Only 30% of them receive antiretroviral treatment (ARV), but only 60% receive protease inhibitors (PI) in t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4211)
Gerber JG, Gal J, Rosenkranz S, D'Amico R, Gulick R, Hughes V, Aberg J, Flexner C, Aweeka F, Hsu A, Mildvan D; J. G. Gerber, University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Box C237, 4200 East 9th Avenue, Denver, CO 80203, United States, Tel.: +1 303 315 69 23, Fax: +1 303 315 32 72, E-mail: john.gerber@uchsc.edu
Background: Since M is a substrate of CYP3A4 and RTV is an inhibitor of CYP3A4, ACTG 401 was designed to examine the effect of RTV/SQV on the stereoselective PK of M in 12 HIV-infected subjects on chronic stable M maintenance therapy. M is administered orally as an equal mixture of R-(M) and S-(M) while only R-(M) has
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4212)
Crabe J, Rubini NP, Leal DW, Eyer-Silva WA, Crasto MC, Souza A, Ferraroni N, Mendes MJ, Morais de SB CA; J. Crabe, Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Mariz e Barros, 775, 20270-004 Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 569 1620, E-mail: walter-eyer@uol.com.br
Background: Antiretroviral therapy with and without protease inhibitors has been associated with a variety of metabolic abnormalities as well as body changes of fat redistribution known as lipodystrophy. Looseness=1 Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all adult patients followed by the presentin
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4213)
Hewitt R, Maliszewski M, Adams G, O'Hara T, Kwasiniak I, Esch L, Shelton M, Kaczmerczak S, Hsiao C-B, Klingman K; R. Hewitt, University at Buffalo, Erie County Medical Center, 462 Grider Street, Buffalo, NY 14215-3021, United States, Tel.: +1 716 898 41 19, Fax: +1 716 898 31 87, E-mail: rhewitt@acsu.buffalo.edu
Objective: To compare adefovir (ADV) toxicity in HIV+ patients (pts) with or without concurrent hydroxyurea (HU) as part of salvage antiretroviral (ART) therapy. Methods: Retrospective study at two clinical sites in Buffalo, New York. Demographic, pharmacologic and laboratory data were recorded for all pts receiving AD
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4214)
Schliefer K, Wasmuth J-C, Braitinger D, Spengler U, Rockstroh JK;;; K. Schliefer, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany, Tel.: +49 228 287 65 58, Fax: +49 228 287 50 34, E-mail: k.schliefer@uni-bonn.de
Background: The role of PI-induced hyperlipidaemia is not well understood and treatment guidelines are not yet available. Methods: 13 HIV-infected patients (12 male, 1 female; mean age 45 years, range 33-61), who developed significant hyperlipidaemia (triglycerides > 500 mg/dl) under PI-based antiretroviral therapy, we
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4215)
Carmena J, Perez C, Tolosa N, Lanzan MT, Jordan M, Perez B, Santos C, Juan A, Monzon MS; J. Carmena, Hospital Dr Peset, Unidad De E. Infecciosas, C/ Gaspar Aguilar no90, 46017 Valencia, Spain, Tel.: +34 96 398 75 59, E-mail: jcarmena@provicom.com
Background: Lipodystrophy is currently the most important side effect of the HAART, producing aesthetics alterations, hyperlipidemia, isquemic cardiopathy, insuline resistance and diabetes mellitus. Objective: To determine the factors that cause of the lipodystrophy in a cohort of HIV patients. Design/Methods: A prospe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4216)
Sollima S, Osio M, Alciati A, d'Arminio Monforte A, Zucconi M, Maga T, Bini T; S. Sollima, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Italy, Tel.: +39 02 356 00 10, Fax: +39 02 356 08 05, E-mail: antonella.darminio@unimi.it
Background: HIV-positive men receiving HAART including one or more protease inhibitors (PIs) often complain of impotence. Our objective was to evaluate if erectile dysfunction (ED) could be related to PIs. Methods: 115 male patients (pts) aged 25-45 years, receiving PIs from at least 6 months, with no history of mental
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4217)
Gomez F, Selma D, Cousinuo M, Trouillhet I, Valiente R, Molina FJ, Rodriguez Iglesias MA, Perez Ramos S; F. Gomez, Hospital Universitario Puerto Real., Avenida de la Paz 16, 11500 El Puerto de Santa Maria, CADIZ, Spain, Tel.: +34 956 562 714, Fax: +34 95 656 2714, E-mail: franciscogomez@telprof.es
Background: HCV coinfection is very common in HIV patients, specially intravenous drug abusers (IDA). Antiretrovirals: NRTIs and PIs worsen liver inflammation and function in these HIV patient group and, frequently complicates their clinical management. Objectives: We have prospectively followed a cohort of HCV coinfec
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4218)
Gomez F, Selma D, Cousinuo M, Trouillhet I, Bernal JA, Molina FJ; F. Gomez, Hospital Universitario Puerto Real., Avenida de la Paz 16, 11500 El Puerto de Santa Maria, Cadiz, Spain, Tel.: +34 956 562 714, Fax: +34 95 656 2714, E-mail: franciscogomez@telprof.es
Background: High blood pressure (BP) has rarely been observed in HIV patients on HAART. Metabolic alterations (insulin resistance and dyslipemia), are common side effects of HAART including protease inhibitors (PIs). HAART-induced metabolic alterations are similar to those frequently found in patients with essential a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4219)
Aznar R, Egido M, Puzo J, Ferrer M, Berdun MA, Lasierra P, Esteban A, Seral A; R. Aznar, Hospital San Jorge, Martinez de Velasco, no 36, 22071 - Huesca, Spain, Tel.: +34 974 21 11 21, E-mail: raznar@retemail.es
Background: Changes in HIV infected patients lipid profiles have been described after antiretroviral treatment. The objective of our study is to evaluate the lipid profile of asymptomatic patients in our area at baseline and after 1 year of treatment. Methods: Longitudinal prospective study. All asymptomatic HIV infect
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4220)
Angeli E, Meraviglia P, Del Sorbo F, Toia MC, Adriani B, Cargnel A; E. Angeli, II Dept. Infect. Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 02 3579 9679, Fax: +39 02 3820 0909, E-mail: meme1970@yahoo.com
Issue: Immune restoration due to HAART can explain in some cases the onset of autoimmune diseases during HIV infection. Description: We report a case of autoimmune hypothyroidism recently observed in a man with AIDS after 12 months of taking HAART. The patient, aged 37 years old, HIV positive since 1988, IV drug abuser
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4221)
Hatano H, Miller KD, Yoder CP, Yanovski JA, Sebring NG, Jones EC, Davey RT; H. Hatano, National Institutes of Health, c/o Dr. Richard Davey, Building 10, Room 11C103, Bethesda, MD 20892-1880, United States, Tel.: +1 301 435 6589, Fax: +1 301 402 4097, E-mail: hhatano@niaid.nih.gov
Background: HAART is associated with a fat redistribution syndrome (visceral abdominal fat accumulation, dorsocervical fat pad, facial/extremity fat loss), hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. We examined whether these abnormalities improved during a study of the virologic effects of interrupting HAART. Methods: 26
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4222)
Wilmsen U, Aries SP, Sturm B; U. Wilmsen, Med. II, Medical University Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
Introduction: Induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) expression has been described with several drugs and metabolic disturbances. We introduced HPLC chromatography of hemoglobin for monitoring of HbA1c in patients receiving HAART for monitoring of hyperglycemia. Method: Here we retrospectively analyzed all measurements pe
Background: Serum lipid abnormalities that include elevations in cholesterol (chol) and triglyceride (trig) levels, has been observed in HIV-infected patients treated with various antiretroviral drugs. We performed an analysis to determine if long-term exposure to nevirapine (NVP) and nucleosi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4224)
Salvato P, Thompson C; P. Salvato, Diversified Medical Practice, 4120 Southwest Freeway, Ste 200, Houston, Texas 77027, United States, Tel.: +1 713 961 7100, E-mail: dmartin@son1.nur.uth.tmc.edu
Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of Valsartan in treating hypertension in HIV patients on HAART. Methods: 56 HIV+ patients on HAART with new onset hypertension (diastolic BP > = to 90 on 3 separate occasions) were treated with Valsartan 80 - 240 mg to maintain diastolic BP > 90. HAART consisted of 20 pat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4225)
Carosi G, Torti C, Patroni A, Chiodera A, Casari S, Sleiman I, Balestrieri GP, Salvi A; G. Carosi, University of Brescia, Piazz.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25100 - Brescia, Italy, Tel.: +39 30 399 5671, Fax: +39 30 303 061, E-mail: carosi@master.cci.unibs.it
Background: Hyperlipidemia during HAART is reported. This metabolic effect has been associated with Protease Inhibitors (PI), but it is uncertain whether they occur as a direct drug effect or as a byproduct of an effective disease control. We compare its incidence, lipid serum levels variation and correlation with trea
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4226)
Nunez M, Rodriguez-Rosado R, Soriano V, Gonzalez-Lahoz J; M. Nunez, Hospital Carlos III, c/Sinesio Delgado,10, 28029 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 453 2531, Fax: +34 91 733 6614, E-mail: m_nunez_g@hotmail.com
Background: Hypertriglyceridemia (hyperTG) and hypercholesterolemia (hyperChol) are frequently recognized in HIV+ subjects taking PI. Changes in the lipid profile under NNRTI-containing regimens are less well known. Objective: To assess the impact of NNRTI-based regimens on the levels of TG and Chol in HIV+ individuals
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4227)
de Villar N, Estrada V, Lara JI, Fernandez Guerrero ML, Gorgolas M; N. de Villar, Almansa 110, 28040 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 915 504 800, E-mail: ngvillar@fjd.es
Background: Adverse effects of HIV therapy are common and painful breast enlargement (PBE) has been described in the setting of the lipodystrophy syndrome, particularly in women. It has been atributed to protease inhibitor therapy but the final mechanisms are not known. PBE has been described as an adverse effect of d
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4228)
Scullard G, Lamba H, Harris JR; G. Scullard, St.Mary's Hospital, Jefferiss Wing, Praed Street, Paddington, LONDON W2 1NY, United Kingdom, United Kingdom, Tel.: 020 7886 1926, Fax: 020 7886 6645, E-mail: paul@boyznow.net
Background: There have been 4 reports of HIV-infected individuals developing gynaecomastia whilst receiving combination antiretroviral therapy. The mechanism for this process is unknown. In this series, 11 HIV-infected individuals, attending one centre in London, who have developed gynaecomastia whilst receiving antire
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4229)
Estrada JA, Flores AD, Hernandez GC, Urdez HE; J. A. L. Estrada, Infectious Diseases Hospital, La Raza Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Antonio Valeriano 17, Colonia Gas, Mexico D.F. 02950, Mexico, Tel.: +52 55 832 211, Fax: +52 55 284 220, E-mail: estradai@mixmail.com
Objective: To evaluate the electrocardiographic effect of the antihistaminic cetirizine in HIV-infected patients under protease inhibitors treatment. Study design: Longitudinal double-blind placebo self-controlled study. Methods: HIV-infected patients treated with protease inhibitors >3 months and viral load below of
Background: Marked elevations of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) sometimes occur in persons receiving HIV protease inhibitors (PIs). Cases of apparently premature coronary artery disease have appeared but rate information regarding adverse consequences of this hyperlipidemia is unavailable. Electron Beam
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4231)
Mary-Krause M, Cotte L, Simon-Coutellier A, Partisani M, Costagliola D; M. Mary-Krause, INSERM SC4, Faculte de Medecine Saint-Antoine, 27 rue Chaligny, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France, Tel.: +33 1 40 01 14 63, Fax: +33 1 43 07 39 57, E-mail: mmary@b3e.jussieu.fr
Objectives: To compare the incidences of MI in men included in the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH) with those of the men general population of same age. To analyse the impact of the nature of antiretroviral treatments on the occurrence of MI in HIV infected subjects. Methods: Incidence data of 1998 by age groups
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4232)
Scerpella E, Jayaweera D, Lalanne R, Kolber M; E. Scerpella, University of Miami, 901, NW 17th Street, Suite D (D90A), Park Plaza East., Miami, FL 33136, United States, Tel.: +1 305 243 45 98, Fax: +1 305 243 40 37, E-mail: djayawee@med.miami.edu
Background: The role of different classes of antiretrovirals in the genesis of metabolic abnormalities (hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, lipodystrophy) is still controversial. Hence, we decided to compare metabolic variables before and after beginning therapy with a 2-drug regimen of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4233)
Andrade A, Sears C, Flexner C, Celano S; A. Andrade, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Osler 521, Baltimore, MD 21287-5554, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 4036, Fax: +1 410 614 9978, E-mail: aandrade@jhmi.edu
Background:Diarrhea is the most common dose-limiting toxicity of NFV. The mechanism of NFVAD is unknown. Methods: We evaluated 8 HIV+ subjects who were on NFV for more >1 month and reported NFVAD for >4 weeks. Entry criteria included stool eight SW)>300g/24hrs, absence of entheric pathogens, and willingness to comply w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4234)
Torres R, Cadman J, Kassous J, Maroldo L, Unger K; R. Torres, Bentley-Salick Medical Practice, 67 Irving Place, New York, NY 10003, United States, Tel.: +212 777 16 00, Fax: +212 777 89 00, E-mail: gabrieltop@aol.com
Background: HIV-associated Adipose Redistribution Syndrome (HARS) in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy is characterized by 1 or more of the following: truncal adiposity (TA), buffalo humps (BH), lipomata, breast enlargement (BE), peripheral lipodystrophy (PL), facial atrophy (FA) and associated h
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4235)
Cervantes M, Nogueras C, Sala M, Font B, Serrate G, Segura F, Larossa M; M. Cervantes, Sabadell Hospital. Parc Tauli Corp., Parc Tauli s/n, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 723 10 10, Fax: +34 93 716 06 46, E-mail: mcervantes@cspt.es
Background: Osteonecrosis has been rarely described in HIV patients since the onset of AIDS epidemic. An unexpected increase in reported cases has been observed in the last two years. Methods and Patients: Four HIV+ males and one woman presented with osteonecrosis since 1985. The first case was diagnosed in 1985 after
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4236)
Schwenk A, Breuer JP, Kremer G, Roemer K, Franzen C, Faetkenheuer G, Salzberger B; A. Schwenk, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 181 725 0466, Fax: +44 181 725 3487, E-mail: a.schwenk@sghms.ac.uk
Background: The fat redistribution syndrome (FRS, lipodystrophy) was initially attributed to protease inhibitor (PI) drug toxicity. Recent studies suggested certain nucleoside analogues (NA) and viral load (VL) suppression to be cofactors. We studied risk factors for FRS in a population with a wide range of treatment d
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4237)
Mercie P, Tchamgou S, Thibaut R, Daucourt V, Viallard JF, Faure I, Leng B, Dabis F, Pellegrin JL; P. Mercie, Bordeaux University Hospital, Hopital Haut Leveque, 5 avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France, Tel.: +33 5 56 55 64 83, Fax: +33)5 56 55 64 84, E-mail: patrick.mercie@wanadoo.fr
Objective: To study prevalence and incidence of fat distribution disorders in a cohort of HIV-1 infected patients followed during one year in Aquitaine, southwestern France . Method: Patients were followed in a single clinical site at Bordeaux University Hospital during one year; 3 visits were performed at 6 month int
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4238)
Goldenberg D, Boyle B; D. Goldenberg, Center for Special Studies, New York Presbyterian Hospital, 525 E. 68th St., Box 566, New York, NY 10021, United States, Tel.: +(212) 746-4115, Fax: +(212) 746-4180, E-mail: dbg2002@med.cornell.edu
Objective: Efavirenz ( Sustiva ) is known to cause psychiatric side effects. We sought to determine whether efavirenz can safely be used in patients with psychiatric problems. Methods: Detailed retrospective review of a random selection of records of patients pre
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4239)
Thiebaut R, Receveur MC, Malvy D, Djossou F, Morlat P, Mercie P, Le Bras M, Dabis F; R. Thiebaut, INSERM U330, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33046 Bordeaux cedex, France, Tel.: +33 5 57 57 11 40, Fax: +33 5 56 99 13 60, E-mail: rodolphe.thiebaut@dim.u-bordeaux2.fr
Background: The number of HIV-infected travellers is increasing. However, data on yellow fever (YF) vaccination of such patients are sparse. Objective: To describe HIV-infected patients intending to travel in YF endemic areas and the HIV-related immuno-virological impact of YF vaccination. Method: Eligible patients wer
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4240)
Hernandez JE, Kauf T, Lanham K, Pham S; J. E. Hernandez, Glaxo Wellcome Research & Development, 17/346 A % Moore Drive POBox 13398, Research Triangle Park NC 27709, United States, Tel.: +919 483 63 00, Fax: +919 315 60 29, E-mail: jeh60666@glaxowellcome.com
Objective: Economic models of HIV may rely on published estimates of the cost of HIV care by CD4 cell count, most generated before the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Thus, they may not include the cost of related adverse events (AEs). We provide an estimate of the cost of severe and life-threateni
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4241)
Matthews G, Moyle G, Mandalia S, Bower M, Nelson M, Gazzard BG; G. Matthews, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0181 746 5610, Fax: +44 0181 746 8537, E-mail: sandra.mead@chelwest.org
Aim: To determine any significant link between the use of specific thymidine analogues and hyperlipidaemia Method: Database analysis of all patients taking D4T or AZT in 1st line therapy with an NNRTI and having at least 1 cholesterol/triglyceride (TG) measurement. PI-containing regimes were excluded.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4242)
d'Arminio Manforte A, Bugarini R, Pezzotti P, Sinicco A, Menichetti F, Pauluzzi S, Chirianni A, Grima P, Resta F; A. d'Arminio Manforte, University di Milano, Via GB Grassi 74, 74-20157 Milano, Italy, Tel.: +39 023 560 010, Fax: +39 023 560 805, E-mail: adarmin@tin.it
Background: Among individuals receiving HAART with protease inhibitors (PI), metabolic alterations such as hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia have been observed, though the impact of HAART on body composition parameters remains to be clearly defined. Methods: We conducted a prospective study among 3,734 HIV-
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4243)
Patroni A, Castelli F, Compostella S, El-Hamad I, Airoldi M, Carosi G; A. Patroni, P.le Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, Italy, Tel.: +39 030 3995 664, Fax: +39 030 303061, E-mail: castelli@master.cci.unibs.it
Background: Preliminary reports have suggested that PI-containing HAART treated HIV+ patients have an increased incidence of sexual disfunctions (SD), ranging from decreased sexual appetite to coital impotence. The aim of the present study is to confirm these findings and to identify possible risk factors influencing
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4244)
Falutz J; J. Falutz, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue - Room A5.140, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada, Tel.: +514-934-8095, Fax: +514-937-1424, E-mail: julian.falutz@muhc.mcgill.ca
Background: Several mechanisms may explain the development of HAL, including an independent association between documented abnormalities and a low, HAART dependent HIV viral load (VL). To investigate this, clinical and laboratory features were compared in patients (pts) with HAL and with either a persistently detectabl
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4245)
Fabre J, Renard E, Bringer J, Reynes J; J. Fabre, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Maladies Infectieuses, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, F-34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Tel.: +33.4.67.33.77.25, Fax: +33.4.67.33.77.60, E-mail: cisih@chu-montpellier.fr
Background: Pathogenic determinants of lipodystrophy syndrome (LS) and associated metabolic complications in HIV1-infected patients remain elusive. To assess the potential contributions of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, we performed a cross-sectional study of 102 HIV1-infected patients treated with various drugs combinati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4246)
Macallan D, Hodgetts V, Cotton J; D. Macallan, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, SW17 0RE, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 8725 5827, Fax: +44 20 725 3487, E-mail: macallan@sghms.ac.uk
Background: Lipodystrophy, or fat redistribution syndrome, is an increasingly frequent complication of chronic HIV infection and its treatment. The aim of this study was to identify anthropometric and biochemical measures related to lipodystrophy. Methods: Anthropometric indices, including 4-site skinfolds (triceps, b
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4247)
Hillebrand M, van Dalen J, ten Veen J, Besselink R; M. Hillebrand, Prinsengracht Hospital (OLVG), Prinsengracht 769, 1017 JZ AMSTERDAM, Netherlands, Tel.: +031 (0)20-5994100, Fax: +031 (0)20-5994192, E-mail: jdalen@fac.fbk.eur.nl
Background: Determining which patients are at risk for lipodystrophy (LD) is useful in preventing this condition and facilitates the search for the pathogenetic mechanism. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 207 patients who started HAART (Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy) between December 1st 1995 and May 1st 19
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4248)
Miller S; S. Miller, InnovirInstitute, PO Box 751940, Garden View, 2047, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 616 7585, Fax: +27 11 616 0192, E-mail: sdm@innovirinstitute.com
Background: The synergistic combination of DDI/HU is widely used in both initial and salvage antiretroviral regimens. Recently, however, two deaths due to pancreatitis occurred in a high-dose HU arm of the ACTG 5052 study. Since DDI/HU is frequently used in our environment, we undertok a review of the adverse events r
Background: To characterise the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on tuberculosis (TB) in HIV infection. Methods: We retrospectively analysed all HIV-infected patients (pts) diagnosed with TB from 1997 to 99 at Frankfurt/M University Hospital. Results: A total of 44 pts were included with a mean C
Multiple disorders of lipid metabolism have been described in patients (pts) undergoing highly active antiretroviral (HAART) regimens, including hypertriglyceridemia.It has been suggested that elevated plasma triglyceride levels correlate with cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To examine the hypothesis that gemfibroz
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4251)
Richter A, Denett S, Jordan J, Doherty J, Mahajan S; A. Richter, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, 27709, United States, Tel.: +1 919 541 7095, Fax: +1 919 541 6683, E-mail: Anke@rti.org
Background: An increasing incidence of abnormal fat distribution and metabolic abnormalities is being observed in HIV-positive patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy . Our objective was to evaluate the current treatment practices of French physicians and determine the short-term financial impact as
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4252)
Dr. Williams LA, ODea R, Weinberg M, Keene M, Japour AJ, Centko M, Bachand J, Hsu A, Hill L, Lamm J; L. A. Dr. Williams, Abbott Laboratories, 1324 N. Sheridan Road, Waukegan, IL 60031, United States, Tel.: +847-937-8317, Fax: +847-782-3919, E-mail: laura.a.williams@abbott.com
Background: While there is limited reported data on the incidence of rash associated with APV among healthy volunteers, it has been reported to occur in 28% of HIV-infected patients treated with APV in all multidose studies. The objectives of this study were to assess the PK interaction, safety and tolerability of the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4253)
Schmidt J, Tuveson J, Rosen A, Lor E, King B, Koch J; J. Schmidt, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Ave, 3D, San Francisco, CA 94110, United States, Tel.: +1 415 206 47 48, Fax: +1 415 641 07 45, E-mail: jmaimares@medsfgh.ucsf.edu
Background: Diarrhea is a common side effect of anti-retroviral therapy and a common symptom in individuals infected with HIV. Since the widespread use of protease inhibitor (PI) therapy, diarrhea due to opportunistic infections has declined dramatically. Objective: To evaluate the association between filled PI prescri
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4254)
Vigan MG, Capiluppi B, Novati R, Finazzi R, Cinque P; M. G. Vigan, via Stamira D'Ancona, 20, 20127 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 02 264 379 39, Fax: +39 02 264 370 30, E-mail: vigano.mariagrazia@hsr.it
Background: In HIV-1 infection an increased prevalence of ACA and LLAC has been described. This phenomenon results from an expansion of B cell clones producing natural autoantibodies and does not predispose to thrombotic events. Case Report: a 49 years old man with a 10-years history of HIV-1 infection (stage B3), on t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4255)
Murphy R, Murphy R, Reisler R, Liou SH, Adams E, Tebas P, Havlir D, Pettinelli C; R. Murphy, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Room 828, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States, Tel.: +1 312 908 0949, Fax: +1 312 908 8281, E-mail: r-murphy@nwu.edu
Background: A breakdown of toxicity events in ACTG Study 5025, closed for toxicity, suggested an increased incidence of potentially fatal pancreatitis. Methods: Incidence rates of pancreatitis were estimated in 20 adult ACTG studies which included didansosine ( ddI ) in 1 or more treatment ar
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4256)
Lafon E, Michon C, Bani Sadr F, Chandemerle C, Melchior JC, de Truchis P, Gregoire V, Perraud P, Carlier R, Landman R, Quertainmont Y, Beumont Mauviel M; E. Lafon, CISIH 92, Hopital Louis Mourier, 178 Rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France, Tel.: +33 147 606 057, Fax: +33 147 606 239, E-mail: christine.chandemerle@lmr.ap-hop-paris.fr
Objective: To examine the benefits of switching from PI to EFV on clinical signs of LD, blood lipids and glucose (GLC), VAT and SAT, in virologically controlled patients. Methods: PI was replaced by EFV in patients with first line HAART, viral load (VL) > 200 copies/ml and, at least 2 clinical signs of LD and/or at lea
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4257)
Lafon E, Landman R, Quertainmont Y, Beumont Mauviel M, Michon C, Bani Sadr F, Chandemerle C, Melchior JC, de Truchis P, Gregoire V, Perraud P, Carlier R; E. Lafon, CISIH 92, Hopital Louis Mourier, 178 rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France, Tel.: +33 147 606 057, Fax: +33 147 606 239, E-mail: christine.chandemerle@lmr.ap-hop-paris.fr
Objective: To examine the benefits of switching from PI to EFV on clinical signs of LD, blood lipids and glucose (GLC), VAT and SAT, in virologically controlled patients. Methods: PI was replaced by EFV in patients with first line HAART, viral load (VL) > 200 copies/ml and, at least 2 clinical signs of LD and/or at lea
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4258)
Sutinen J, Nugent A, Mathur Wagh U; J. Sutinen, Aurora Hospital, Aurora Hospital, PO Box 348, 00029 HYKS, Finland, Tel.: +358 9 4711, E-mail: jussi.sutinen@fimnet.fi
Methods: Retrospective chart review in summer 1998, of all HIV+ women at our outpatient clinic to evaluate: Part1: PI use and the reasons for their d/c, Part2: the occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM), thyroid dysfunction and flank pain, Part3: changes in cholesterol and glucose. Definitions: DM = hyperglycemia requiri
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4259)
Le Moing V, Lewden C, Brun Vezinet F, Nouioua W, Herson S, Spire B, Leport C, Chene G; V. Le Moing, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, 46, rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 140 257 803, Fax: +33 140 258 860, E-mail: lpi@bichat.inserm.fr
Background: In HIV-infected pts, description of reasons for change of the PI component in PI-containing regimens and the impact of change on further outcome may be useful to interpret long-term effect and toxicity of these drugs. Methods: APROCO, a multicentre cohort study, enrolled 1283 pts starting a PI-containing re
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4260)
Valle Gutierrez J, Gomez Rodrigo J, Marco Martinez J, Cervero Jiminez M, Garcia Meabe B, Joya Seijo D, Lopez Varas M, Soles Villa J; J. Valle Gutierrez, Internal Medicine-I.D., Hospital Severo Ochoa., Avda. de Orellana s.n., 28911 Leganes., Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 914 818 000, E-mail: med002703@nacom.es
Objective: to evaluate the effect in lipid levels of hiv infected patients recieving protease inhibitors . Method: HIV infected patients on HAART regimes with at least one PI were analyzed after a minimum of 18 months of treatment. Hypercholesterolemia (HC) and hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) was defined as levels above 25
Background: The aim of the present work is to establish the exact cause and effect relationship between PIs and adverse events, as observed within a cohort study of patients treated with these drugs. Method: In order to assess the incidence of adverse events related to PI treatment, a prospective cohort, multicenter st
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4262)
McGarvey S, Chung R, Wai-Yee, Li P, Chung-ki; S. McGarvey, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Podiatry Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Tel.: +852 29 58 57 61, Fax: +852 29 58 57 90, E-mail: daisin@netvigator.com
Recent reports have indicated that Protease Inhibitors (PI) may induce ingrowing toenails (IGTN) on its recipients. At our Podiatry unit we have also noted this phenomenon, and hence carried out a retrospective analysis of all our patients referred for IGTN. Seventy-two individuals with this foot problem were referred
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4263)
Colebunders R, Dreezen C, Pernetun T, de Mey I, Verdonk K, Schrooten W; R. Colebunders, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium, Tel.: +32 3 247 64 65, Fax: +32 3 247 64 32, E-mail: bcoleb@itg.be
Objective: To determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in persons with HIV infection on antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. Methods: A survey among people with HIV infection using an anonymous questionnaire was organised in 10 European countries between December 1998 and December 1999. The questionnaire included ques
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4264)
Dieleman J, Rossum van A-M, Ende van der M, Blok W, Marie de S, Telgt D, Burger D, Zietse B, Sturkenboom M, Gyssens I; J. Dieleman, Erasmus University Medical Center, Internal Medicine II, room L-448, Dijkzigt Hospital, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 10 463 59 44, Fax: +31 10 463 39 64, E-mail: dieleman@inw2.azr.nl
Background: Urological symptoms are a known adverse effect of indinavir (IDV) occurring in 4-16% of patients on IDV 800mg tid. The occurrence of other forms of nephrotoxicity (NT) such as interstitial nephritis has been less well described. Objective: To describe NT during the use of IDV and to estimate its prevalenc
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4265)
Landonio S, Quirino T, Alessi F, Gabbuti A, Ghiselli E, Pusterla L, Carradori S, Timillero L, Valsecchi L, Fortuna P, Martinelli C, Parazzini F, Faggion I, Bonfanti P; S. Landonio, I Department Of Infectious Disease and Allergy, Via GB Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 2 357 992 27, Fax: +39 2 357 994 52, E-mail: paolo.bonfanti@tin.it
Objective: The aim of the present work is to assess the incidence of gastrointestinal toxicity during treatment with PIs. Design: Since September 1997 we have been carrying out a cohort multicenter study involving 10 Departments of Infectious Diseases from Northern Italy , to evaluate the incidence of adverse events d
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4266)
Florence E, Vandenbruaene M, Desmet P, Colebunders R, Smets E, Dreezen C; E. Florence, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat, 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium, Tel.: +32 3 247 64 65, Fax: +32 3 247 64 32, E-mail: eflorence@itg.be
Background: PI s are associated with a broad range of adverse-events including liver toxicity, lipid abnormalities and lipodystrophy. Methods: The toxicity data from an open, randomised multicentre clinical trial (Iris study) comparing 2 PI treatment regimens among PI naive patients were reviewed. Arm A:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4267)
Bassetti D, Bassetti M, Bobbio N, Boni S, Bucci B, Papa L, Pontali E; D. Bassetti, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Genoa, Largo G. Gaslini, 5, 16147 Genova, Italy, Tel.: +39 10 563 64 55, Fax: +39 10 377 65 90, E-mail: pontals@yahoo.com
Background: Protease inhibitors (PI)-containing regimens are largely employed in childhood.Few information is known about their tolerability in pediatric age. Methods: We evaluated HIV-infected children treated between July 1996 and Decmber 1999 with PI-containing regimens. Adverse events (AE) were divided into two cat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4268)
Schrooten W, de Mey I, Koitz G, Goebel FD, Dreezen C, Colebunders R; W. Schrooten, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium, Tel.: +32 3 247 64 65, Fax: +32 3 247 64 32, E-mail: wschrooten@itg.be
Objective: To determine the prevalence of lipodystrophy in persons with HIV infection treated with different ARV treatment regimens. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey was organised in 10 European countries (Eurosupport II project). The questionnaires were distributed by HIV treatment centres and support organi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4269)
Raghavan SS, Chen L, El-Sadr W, Grunfeld C, Peng G, Yurik T, Macarthur R;;; S. S. Raghavan, Columbia University/Harlem Hospital, 900 W, 190th street, #15b, New York 10040, United States, Tel.: +1212 939 2313, Fax: +1212 939 2869, E-mail: ssr12@columbia.edu
Background: High prevalence of hyperlipidemia & hyperglycemia has been noted in patients (pts) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Prevalence and factors associated with these conditions in ethnically diverse ART naive pts are not known. The majority of published studies were conducted in gay Caucasian males. Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4270)
Sheneberger R, Schneider S; R. Sheneberger, St.Mary Medical Center, 1040 Elm Av., Suite 204, United States, Tel.: (+1562) 491-9999, Fax: (+1562) 491-9128, E-mail: rsheneberger@chw.edu
Background: Thyroid disease appears to be equally common in HIV infected patients and the general population. The influence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with protease inhibitors (PI) on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) has not been well studied. Case Series: We describe three cases with significant
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4271)
Raffi F, Saves M, Capeau J, Basdevant A, Strady C, Lassalle R, Granier P, Chene G, and the APR Raffi F; F. Raffi, Hotel-Dieu, Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France, Tel.: +33 2 40 08 33 51, Fax: +33 2 40 08 33 35, E-mail: francois.raffi@wanadoo.fr
Background: To characterize the lipid and glucidic profile after 12 and 20 months (M) of a PI-containing regimen. Methods: The APROCO Cohort enrolled HIV-infected patients (pts) at initiation of PI in 47 French centres: 5/97-10/97 (period I) and 1/98-6/98 (period II). Fasting blood triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4272)
Glesby M, Falutz J, Kotler D, Pettit R, Balser J, Kleintop M, Muurahainen N; M. Glesby, Cornell University, Clinical Trials Unit, 119 West 24th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States, Tel.: +1 212 746 7134, Fax: +1 212 745 7203
Backrground/Objective: Separate factors may affect regional fat accumulation and depletion in HIV associated adipose redistribution syndrome (HARS). This study investigates parameters associated with increased size of abdominal (ABD), breast (BREA), and dorsocervical (DOR) areas in patients (pts) with HARS. Methods: F
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4273)
Falutz J, Muurahainen N, Workman C, Balser J, Kleintop M, Pettit R, Kotler D; J.Falutz, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada, Tel.: +1 514 934 8095, Fax: +1 514 937 1424
Background/Objective: Gender differences in clinical manifestations of HARS have been reported. This analysis investigated the effects of gender on increased regional body fat (FA), fat depletion (FD), or both (FA+FD), in patients (pts) with body shape abnormalities. Methods: From a database of 526 HIV+ pts diagnosed w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4274)
Lehar M, Hamzeh F, Kuncl RW; M.Lehar, Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Neurology, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 5-119, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States, Tel.: 410-614-4846, Fax: 410-614-9003, E-mail: mlehar@mail.jhmi.edu
Background: We investigated which morphologic features of skeletal muscle distinguish zidovudine (ZDV) myopathy from HIV-inflammatory myopathy (HIV-IM), which otherwise cannot be distinguished on clinical grounds and serum CK activity alone, and to determine whether mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion is specific to ZD
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4275)
Munoz V, Casado JL, Antela A, Perez-Elas MJ, Moreno A, Dronda F, Hornero I, Moreno S; V. Munoz, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 913 368 672, Fax: +34 913 368 672, E-mail: vicente.munoz@teleline.es
Background: New-onset or worsening diabetes mellitus has been documented in a few proportion of patients receiving PIs. Actually, life-threatening complications associated to diabetes have been observed. It is not known the best management of PI recipients developing diabetes. Patients: The aim of this study was to des
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4276)
Raghavan SS, Stanton M, Lester K, Haidary A, Wang J, Im A, El-Sadr W; S. S. Raghavan, Harlem Hospital Center/Columbia University, 900 west, 190th street, # 15b, New York 10040, United States, Tel.: +1 212 939 23 13, Fax: +1 212 939 28 69, E-mail: ssr12@columbia.edu
Introduction: No data on association of Personal & or Family history (FP HX) of Diabetes(DM), Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) & Obesity (OB) with the development of Body Habitus & Metabolic Complications. Methods: 175 men (M) & women (F) were recruited from the Harlem Hospital. Self-reported prevalence of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4277)
Baldini F, Di Giambenedetto S, Cingolani A, Murri R, Ammassari A, De Luca A; F. Baldini, Catholic Univ., Dept. of Infectious Diseases, L.go A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 - Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39-06-301-553-66, Fax: +39-06-305-45-19, E-mail: andeluc@tin.it
Objective: to assess safety and efficacy of pravastatin for the treatment of hyperlipidemias associated with protease inhibitors (PI) therapy in HIV+ pts. Methods: KIV+ pts with abnormal fasting total cholesterol (CHOL) a/o triglycerides (TGL) taking HAART containing PI were given 20 mg pravastatin daily with stable ba
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4278)
Pedrola M, Bortolozzi R, Fay O, Taborda M, Strubbia L, Giraudo M, Dahi D; M. Pedrola, Uruguay 202, Venado Tuerto 2600, Argentina, Tel.: +543 462 434 505, Fax: +543 462 421 654, E-mail: drpedrola@waycom.com.ar
Issues: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a rare condition associated with hemoglobinopathies and hypercortisonism. There are described cases related to the antiphospholipidic syndrome and also as a complication to the new high efficacy therapies (HAART), specially when a protease inhibitor (PI) is used. All the proposed mec
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4279)
Ferreiro Lopez D, Lacambra C, Eroles G, Josdago J, Solis J, Plaza S;;; D. Ferreiro Lopez, Servicio De Medicina Interna Hospital Severo, Olmoa 28911 Leganes Madrid Espaja, Madrid 28911, Spain, Tel.: +914 818 000, Fax: +914 818 000
Issue: Nephrolithiasis has been reported frequently in patients taking Indinavir sulfate, a human immunodefficiency virus (HIV) specific proteasa inhibitor, but anuria and acute renal failure are rare complications. We have found six cases reported in literature. We present another two seen at our institution in the l
Background: Potential advantages of sonography to measure regional fat distribution include simplicity, rapidity, availability, harmlessness, and low cost as compared with DEXA, CT, and MRI. We explored the value of sonography to measure regional fat thickness in non-HIV-infected persons and in HIV-infected patients wi
Background: Lypodistrophy (LD) with or without dislipemic disorders has been identified in HIV+ patients on HAART that include Protease Inhibitors and in some cases with Nucleosides and Non-Nucleosides Retrotranscriptase Inhibitor Objectives: 1) Evaluate the incidence of LD and dislipemic disorders in patients with und
Background: Hu have been associated with hematologye toxicity (HT) In combination with NRTIs have also been related with symptomatic lactacydemia (SL) hepatic steatosis and pancreatitis. Objective to evaluate the HT in HIV+ patients on treatment with HU and ddI /
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4283)
Kirk O, Gerstoft J, Pedersen C, Nielsen H, Obel N, Katzenstein TL, Mathiesen L, Lundgren JD; O. Kirk, Hvidovre University Hospital, Kettegaards Alle 30, Hvidovre 2650, Denmark, Tel.: +453 632 35 11, Fax: +453 647 33 40, E-mail: okirkainet.uni2.dk
Background: Predictors for TLADR remain poorly defined but are of imminent importance. It has never been assessed whether the selection process for enrolment in a randomised trial compromise extrapolation of data on TLADR to a unselected patient population. Objective: We assessed rate of PI discontinuation, reasons for
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4284)
Abel S, Dos Santos G, Cabie A, Delaunay C, Sobesky G, Cesaire R;;; S. Abel, CISIH, CHU de Fort-de-France, 97200 Fort-de-France, Martinique, France, Martinique, Tel.: +596 552 301, Fax: +596 752 116, E-mail: cisih-mart@sasi.fr
Resistance of HIV-1 to antiretroviral drugs is the main cause of antiretroviral treatment failure. Patients with multidrug resistance (MDR) often fail to respond to salvage therapy with any therapeutic option. Some authors suggest that discontinuation of treatment may allow to MDR mutations reversion and emergence of w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4285)
Emert R, Jacobson EL, Sohn T, Warren D, Smith KA; R. Emert, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 E. 68th St., Room LC-907, New York, NY 10021, United States, Tel.: +1 212 746 4464, Fax: +1 212 746 8167, E-mail: riemert@med.cornell.edu
Background: Most viral infections are combatted by the proliferative expansion of antigen-selected lymphocytes, especially of the CD8+ T cell subset. This clonal expansion is CD4+ T cell and Interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) dependent. Methods: To test a new strategy to promote immunity to HIV, 9 individuals underwent structured
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4286)
Carmena J, Morales E, Orengo T, Llorens R, Alcaraz MJ, Monzon MS, Macia M, Jordan M; J. Carmena, C/ Gaspar Aguilar No: 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain, Tel.: +34 96 398 7559, E-mail: jcarmena@provicom.com
Background: The vacation of antiretroviral treatment increases CD4 lymphocytes activity against the HIV. Objective: To determine if the transient viremias increase the CD4 lymphocytes count and increase the survival with the undetectable viral load. Design/Methods: A prospective cohorts study of HIV infected patients,w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4287)
Tremblay C, Rosenberg E, Giguel F, Poon S, Wong JT, Walker BD, Hirsch MS; C. Tremblay, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, United States, Tel.: +1 617 726 38 12, Fax: +1 617 726 74 16, E-mail: ctremblay@partners.org
Objectives: An obstacle to HIV-1 control is the persistence of replication-competent viruses in CD4 lymphocyte reservoirs even after patients have had sustained plasma HIV-1 RNA > 50 c/ml for several years. This has led to novel strategies designed to reduce these cell populations such as structured treatment interrupt
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4288)
Max B, Garey K, Schwartz D, Bult J, Sherer R; B. Max, 2020 West Harrison Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, United States, Tel.: +1 312 572 4886, Fax: +1 312 572 4890, E-mail: bmax@corecenter.org
Introduction: - EFV was discontinued (DC) by few patients (pts) in controlled clinical trials despite high rates of CNS adverse effects (AE). We assessed EFV tolerability among consecutive EFV recipients at a large urban HIV clinic. Methods- Eligible pts received EFV from the CORE Center pharmacy between 5/1/99 and 11/
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4289)
Lori F; F. Lori, Research Institute for Genetic and Human Therapy, at Georgetown University, Med-Den SW 307, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007, United States, Tel.: +(1) 2026872833, Fax: +1) 2026872907, E-mail: right@gunet.georgetown.edu
Background: A rapid viremia rebound is observed after HAART interruption, probably because HAART impairs HIV-specific immune responses. Unlike HAART patients, a cohort of chronically infected patients treated with hydroxyurea and didanosine (PANDAs) maintained low but detectable viremia and developed vigorous HIV-
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4290)
Santos D, Medeiros R, Viana M, Castelo Filho A, Sabino E, Diaz R; D. Santos, UNIFESP, R. Pedro de Toledo, 781, 16a., Brazil, Tel.: +55 570 82 26, Fax: +55 570-8226, E-mail: dems.dmed@epm.br
HIV genetic resistance has serious implications to clinical management of patients. We investigated HIV predominant strains in multiple drug resistance patients before and after stopping therapy. In a prospective study,nineteen patient were enrolled to stop therapy after therapeutic failure. Proviral DNA were assessed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4291)
Rocha M, Lemos L; M. Rocha, Secretaria Estadual de Saude, Manuel Pereira Guimaraes, 17, Medici 01 (Luzia), Aracaju 49 048-240, Brazil, Tel.: +55 2179 231 22 88, Fax: +55 2179 241 75 56, E-mail: lippe@infonet.com.br
Background: When the people with social-economical inequalities are infected by HIV, these have a number of problems, like low quality of life and low school levels. The adherence on the treatment with antiretrovirals has been a reason for many applications, because of the high tax of treatment neglecting or inadequate
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4292)
Schrooten W, Wilkins EG, Castro A, Finazzi R, Pelgrom J, Colebunders R; W. Schrooten, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium, Tel.: +32 3 247 64 65, Fax: +32 3 247 64 32, E-mail: wschrooten@itg.be
Objective: To study the reasons why people on antiretrovirals (ARV s) stop their treatment. Methods: A survey using an anonymous questionnaire was organised in 10 European countries (Eurosupport II project). The questionnaires were distributed by HIV treatment centres and HIV support organisations, between December 199
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4293)
Ahdieh L, Silverberg M, Palacio H, Minkoff H, Anastos K, Young M, Nowicki M, Kovacs A, Cohen M, Munoz A; L. Ahdieh, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Department of Epidemiology, Room E-7011, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 1340, Fax: +1 410 614 7125, E-mail: lahdieh@jhsph.edu
Objective: Using longitudinal data collected in a large cohort of HIV+ women who had received HAART, we characterized the reasons for and the implications of (via CD4 cell count and HIV RNA) discontinuing HAART. Methods: In the Women s Interagency HIV Study, 1,002 HIV+ women initiated HAART between 10/95 and 3/99. For
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeB4294)
Rwankote R; R. Rwankote, 32 Alnwick Road, London E16 3EX, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 181 548 13 79
Background: Use of combination therapy containing HIV1 protease inhibitors, nucleoside and non nucleoside analogues reverse transcriptase inhibitors have been observed to improve health conditions of many HIV infected patients. Tolerance and adherence to these anti-retroviral drugs have been some of the factors that co
Background: To evaluate adherence, side effects and efficacy of a modality of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-infected patients.Methods: In a cohort, prospective study, 65 non-naive patients received stavudine plus lamivudine plus
Background: To describe obstetrical characteristics among HIV infected pregnant women who deliver at a tertiary hospital in South Africa . Antiretroviral therapy for the prevention of perinatal HIV transmission have been tailored to to be most effective during the peripartum period, since there is increasing evidence
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4297)
Abdullah AS, Fielding R; A.S. Abdullah, The University of Hong Kong, Dept of Community Medicine, Patrick Manson Bldg , South Wing, Hong Kong, China, Tel.: +852 281 991 99, Fax: +852 285 595 28, E-mail: asma@hkucc.hku.hk
Background: AIDS is now a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many countries, effecting the most productive segment of the population - workers. Therefore the success of any AIDS prevention programme will rely on the successful implementation of the programme with a feasible policy initiative. The aim of this stu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4298)
Talbot E, Kenyon T, Dooley L, Hsin G, Moeti T, Halabi S, Binkin NJ; E. Talbot, CDC, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 8120, Fax: +1 404 639 8604, E-mail: edt7@cdc.gov
Background: In 1999, the estimated prevalence of HIV infection among adults in Botswana was 29%, one of the highest in the world. However, little is known about behaviors contributing to this high rate. Methods: A standardized questionnaire on demographics, migration, substance abuse, and sexual attitudes and practices
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4299)
Aral SO, St Lawrence J, Safarova E, Shakarishvili A, Ryan C, Parker K, Boriesenko K, Tikhonova L, Nashkhoev M; S. O. Aral, Division of STD Prevention/CDC, 1600 Clifton Road - Mailstop-EO2, Atlanta Georgia 30333, United States, Tel.: +404 639 82 59, Fax: +404 639 86 08, E-mail: soa1@cdc.gov
Objectives: To describe: the organizational pattern of commercial sex work (CSW); the structural patterns contributing to HIV/STD transmission; the differential morbidity rates in distinct groups of patients. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with key informants; systematic unobtrusive observations of sex-partner pic
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4300)
Valleroy L, Prentiss D, MacKellar DA, Secura G; L. Valleroy, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention CDC, Mailstop E-46, 1600 Clifton Road N.W., Atlanta Georgia 30333, United States, Tel.: +404 639 20 80, Fax: +404 639 20 29, E-mail: lav0@cdc.gov
Background: Bisexual men who have sex with men (MSM) are a bridge for HIV transmission between MSM and women. In a sample of young MSM, we investigated: the prevalence of bisexuality and of unprotected sex with both men and women, and the traits and risk behaviors of bisexuals compared with homosexuals. Methods: The 19
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4301)
Giagnorio J, Sponer A, Cortez G, Giagnorio M, Azcona N, Pedrola M;;; J. Giagnorio, Urguay 202, Venado Tuerto 2600, Argentina, Tel.: +54 3462 434 505, Fax: +54 3462 421 654, E-mail: drpedrola@waycom.com.ar
Introduction: The city of Venado Tuerto is situated in the south of Santa Fe. It has a population of about 80,000 inhabitants. There have been prevention campaigns at schools in the last three years and this survey is part of the work which is being done there. Objectives: To analyze in a descriptive way the attitudes,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4302)
Pedrola M, Giagnorio J, Cortez G, Azcona N, Sponer A, Giagnorio M; M. Pedrola, Uruguay 202, Venado Tuerto 2600, Argentina, Tel.: +543 462 434 505, Fax: +543 462 421 654, E-mail: drpedrola@waycom.com.ar
Introduction: The city of Venado Tuerto is situated in the south of Santa Fe. It has a population of about 80,000 inhabitants. In a work done two years ago in a similar school population, an incidence of 6.4% of adolescents who tad taken illegal drugs was noticed. Objective: To determine risk factors for the infection
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4303)
Varghese B, Maher JE, Peterman TA, Branson BM, Steketee RW; B. Varghese, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd, MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 61 71, Fax: +1 404 639 20 29, E-mail: bav7@cdc.gov
Backgound: To estimate the relative and absolute per-act risks for HIV infection based on the choice of partner, sex act, and condom use. Methods: We constructed decision-tree models to calculate the overall relative risk (RR) for HIV infection using estimates of HIV prevalence; risk of condom failure (5%); sensitivity
Background: HIV counselling and testing services at our clinic covers more than the 60% of the AIDS cases nationally reported. In spite of this we determined that only the 60% of the clients return for their results. Based on this fact we decided to improve our traditional method of HIV testing by using a rapid test. O
Background: To ascertain the feasibility of a street base intervention for floating sex workers in the Dhaka City. This study has explored high-risk behavior for STD and HIV/AIDS among floating sex workers in major location of Dhaka City. Their socio-demographic characteristics and feasibility program has also been stu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4306)
Nguyen Thi Thana T, Tian Phuc H, Luong Thu T, Tran Van D, Ha Ba K, Lindan C; T. Nguyen Thi Thana, Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, 167 Pasteur, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tel.: +84 8 820 28 15, Fax: +84 8 823 14 19, E-mail: ththuy@netnamz.org.vn
Background: HIV sentinel surveillance has improved in southern Vietnam , but voluntary testing sites are not well accessed. This may be due to lack of anonymous or truly confidential services. This study evaluated the risk behaviors and demographic profiles of clients at 2 voluntary testing sites in order to improve se
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4307)
Torres R; R. Torres, Bentley-Salick Medical Practice, PC, 67 Irving Place, New York, NY 10003, United States, Tel.: +1 212 777 16 00, Fax: +1 212 777 89 00, E-mail: jillcad123@aol.com
Background: Evidence that antiviral treatment after occupational exposure in healthcare workers prevents HIV infection has spurred interest in the use of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) with antiviral therapy in cases of sexual or injection drug exposure. Despite NYC having large numbers of new HIV infections, no syste
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4308)
Kunches L, Robert L, Cox B, Komp L, Smith D; L. Kunches, John Snow, Inc., 44 Farnsworth Street, Boston, MA 02210, United States, Tel.: +1 617 482 94 85, Fax: +1 617 482 06 17, E-mail: lkunches@jsi.com
Issues: Because it is not feasible to undertake a large-scale randomized trial to adequately evaluate the safety and efficacy of nonoccupational HIV postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP), CDC established a voluntary, registry-based surveillance system to collect information about the use and effectiveness of nPEP in clinical
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4309)
Cadman J, Torres R, George MC, Bartell L, Corbett N; J. Cadman, Bentley-Salick Medical Practice, PC, 67 Irving Place, New York, NY 10003, United States, Tel.: +1 212 358 24 02, Fax: +1 212 777 28 70, E-mail: jillcad123@aol.com
Issues: Despite NYC having large numbers of new HIV infections, no systematic PEP program has been implemented. This is largely due to controversies surrounding the lack of specific efficacy and feasibility data in the nonoccupational setting and public health concerns such as cost effectiveness and the potential impa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4310)
Kwong J, Mayer K, Peterson N, Appelbaum J, Lasalvia T, Boswell S; J. Kwong, Fenway Community Health, 7 Haviland Street, Boston, MA, 02115, United States, Tel.: +1 617 927 6030, Fax: +1 617 536 8602, E-mail: jkwong@fenwayhealth.org
Issues: Limited data is available regarding the use and feasibility of providing non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (NPEP) to individuals who have had potential exposures to HIV through injection drug use or sexual contact. Description: Fenway Community Health (FCH) in Boston, MA is a community health center t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4311)
Puro V, Govoni A, Mattioli F, De Carli G, Ippolito G; V. Puro, IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Via Portunese 292, 00149 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39065594223, Fax: +39065594224, E-mail: craids@tiscalinet.it
Objective:To monitor antiretroviral post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in Italy . Methods: National PEP Registry of subjects reporting at HIV-risk exposure, according to Italian Ministry of Health guidelines issued in November 1996. Results: To Dec 99, cases included 476 health care workers (HCW) and 98 public-safety wor
Background: In Switzerland , guidelines for non-occupational post HIV exposure prophylaxis (PEP) included voluntary reporting to a national registry. We used data from this registry to assess PEP prescription since the publication of these guidelines in December 1997. Methods: Physicians were asked to notify their pre
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4313)
Launay O, Soussy A, Aubert M; O. Launay, 40, avenue de Verdun, 94010 Creteil, France, Tel.: +33 1 45 17 54 79, Fax: +33 1 45 17 54 76, E-mail: olaunay@club-internet.fr
Background: Since 1997, Post-Sexual-Exposure Prophylaxis (PSEP) with HAART is recommanded in France in particular in cases of sexual assaults. The objective of the study is to describe our experience of PSEP for rape victims. Methods: Monocentric prospective study of victims seen for sexual assaults between Februar an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4314)
Carvalho M, Noronha K, Tambeiro N, Golega A, Hayden R; M. Carvalho, , Brazil, Tel.: +55-13-2256116, Fax: +55-13-2228530, E-mail: eduardo.monica@uol.com.br
Background: The purpose of this work is introducing the results for workers whom work in Health Unities, have had occupational blood exposition and others corporal fluids evaluated from jan/1998 to july/1999. It was accomplished in Aids Reference Center, Health Municipality Secretarys Office in Santos, Sao Paulo,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4315)
Browning M, Rees CM, Evans MR; M. Browning, Bro Taf Sexual Health Co-Ordinating Centre, Temple of Peace And Health, Cathays Park, Cardiff Cf10 3NW, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 1222 402 516, Fax: +44 1222 402 503, E-mail: mary.browning@virgin.net
Background: Requests for post-sexual exposure prophylaxis against HIV (PEPS) have been received in Wales. There has been no consistent policy on prescribing PEPS across the UK. The aim of this all-Wales collaborative study (the first of it s kind) was to investigate the incidence of high risk sexual behaviour and condo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4316)
Stephens J, Dunham N, Jackson D; J. Stephens, Mercer University S.O.M., 777 Hemlock Street, PO Box 6000-Hosp Box 79, Macon, GA 31208-6000, United States, Tel.: +1 912 301 58 50, Fax: +1 912 301 58 56, E-mail: Stephens_J@Mercer.edu
Objective: Review the incidence, outcomes and adherence with post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)in the US Public Health Service guidelines era. Methods: 368 occupational exposures were reviewed from our employee health database for type of injury, time to starting PEP, adherence with regimen and followup. Yearly exposures
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4317)
Oliva S, Canizal A, Pugliese D, Redini L, Benetucci J; S. Oliva, Tte. Gral Peron 1740 3° E, (1037) Capital Federal, Argentina, Tel.: +(5411) 43072-0774/(5411) 4306-, Fax: +(5411) 4372-0774/(5411)4306-06, E-mail: fundai@ba.net
Objetive: To describe the epidemiological features of work accident and to asses the effectiveness of post exposure prophylaxis (PEP)- Methods: Prospective study in 49 HCWs from October 1998 to December 1999. Baseline serology was carried out through EIA; NESTED PCR for 3 genes and Ag p24/ICD at 4th weeks, serology at
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4318)
Fontes M, Nascimento H, Xavier MJ, Gomes da Costa ML, Fernandes J, Paes Duarte A; M. Fontes, Hospital de S. Jose, Serviao de Saude Ocupacional, Rua Jose Antonio Serrano, 1150 LISBOA, Portugal, Tel.: +351 218 841 404, Fax: +351 218 841 034, E-mail: miguelfontes@mail.telepac.pt
Objectives: To describe post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) policy and epidemiological data related to our clinical experience with health care workers (HCWs) at a central Lisbon Hospital with 600 beds and 2500 HCWS. Design: Prospective study. Methods: All staff who attended the Occupational Health Service (OHS) after an o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4319)
Milazzo F, Iemoli E, Niero F, Ceratti F; F. Milazzo, 1st Department of Infectious Diseases, via G.B. Grassi 74, Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 023 579 9568, Fax: +39 023 579 9452, E-mail: milazzo@ospedalesacco.lom.it
Background: `L. Sacco Hospital is an institution of reference in Italy for AIDS care with 3 wards of Infectious Diseases and 100 beds available for patients. Considering the importance of prompt intervention after HIV exposure we have developed an operative plan for our health care workers (HCWs) extended since July 19
Background: Assessment of current status of nonoccupational (N-O) HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in Massachusetts emergency rooms (ERs). Methods: In June 1998, a mailed survey was sent to the medical directors of the 78 hospital ERs statewide. Results: Of the 66 responding hospitals, the mean bed size was 212; 15%
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4321)
Prevot M-H, Descamps D, Migueres B, Troude C, Tarantola A, Collin G, Perraud P, Mentre F, Brun-Vezinet F, Bouvet E; M.-H. Prevot, Centre de Recherche Integre sur le VIH (CRIV), Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Reanimation des Maladies Infectieuses, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, 75877 Paris Cedex 18, France, Tel.: +33 1 40 25 72 34, Fax: +33 1 40 25 67 65, E-mail: elisabeth.bouvet@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr
Health care workers (HCWs) are exposed to the risk of occupational HIV infection following accidental blood exposure (ABE). The protective role of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) has been shown. There are few data on HIV isolates resistance profiles in source patients (SP), which may contribute to PEP failure. In 01/98
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4322)
Ferreira RC, Rapparini C, Saraceni V, Fonseca AF, Lauria LM, Durovni B; R. C. M. Ferreira, Oliveira Rocha 34/204, Rio de Janeiro 22461 - 070, Brazil, Tel.: +552 153 568 41, Fax: +552 129 332 10, E-mail: ritamf@ax.apc.org
Background: A network to provide HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to health care workers (HCWs) in Rio de Janeiro city was started in January 1997. Methods: Follow up and post-exposure prophylaxis were provided according to current protocols established by the Brazilian s Ministry of Health, adapted from CDC guideli
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4323)
Durovni B, Rapparini C, Saraceni V, Fonseca AF, Lauria LM, Ferreira RM; B. Durovni, Barao da Torre 408/201, Rio de Janeiro 22411-000, Brazil, Tel.: +552 152 269 82, Fax: +552 152 305 371, E-mail: bdurovni@ax.apc.org
Background: The Rio de Janeiro city occupies the second position in number of AIDS cases (§im20.000 cases). With approximately 100.000 live newborns/year. More than 1.000 HIV pregnant women were reported in the last 3 years. Methods: A network to provide HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) to health care workers (HCW
Objectives: To Comunicate our experience about causes and circumstances related with these expousures. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis from our University Hospital Clinical Histories reported cases between 1997-1999 HCWs that had this type of accident immediately received counseling and medical attention.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4325)
Besette D, Abenhaim L, Guglielmi S, Nansot JJ, Feguelly S; D. Besette, Ministere De Lemploiet De La Solidarite, Direction Generale De La Sante-Division SIDA, 8 Avenue De Segur, 75007 Paris, France, Tel.: +014 056 54 67, Fax: +014 056 56 20, E-mail: dominique.besette@sante.gouv.fr
Context: A system already existed for health professionals. Scientific data showed a strong likelihood that preventive treatment are effective, even for mucosal exposure. Prescribing practices were highly heterogeneous. These factors, together with strong public demand, led the Ministry of Employment and Solidarity in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4326)
Roland M, Klausner JD, Bangsberg DR, Franses K, Stansell J, Katz M; M. Roland, 995 Potrero Avenue, Bldg 80, Ward 84, San Fransisco, CA 94110, United States, Tel.: +1 415 476 40 82 / 432, Fax: +1 415 476 69 53, E-mail: mroland@php.ucsf.edu
Issues: The San Francisco Post-Exposure Prevention (PEP) Project completed enrollment of 401 people with sexual or injection drug use exposures to HIV in 4/99. We wanted to continue to provide comprehensive services to individuals at risk for acquiring HIV infection while designing a follow-up study. Description: PEP s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4327)
Khan M, Ahmed SH, Feleke G; M. Khan, Nassau County Medical Center, 2201 Hempstead Turnpike Room 1024, East Meadow, New York 11554, United States, Tel.: +1 516 572 65 06, Fax: +1 516 572 56 48
Objective: To monitor the occupational postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) at Nassau County Medical Center, New York, a 615 bed hospital. Methods: Retrospective chart review from January 1997 to December 1999 of employee s records, who were occupationally exposed healthcare workers (HCW). Results: During the 3 yrs., 160 nee
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4328)
Mathews C, Stein J, Lombard C, Guttmacher S, Magwaza S, Coetzee N, Goldstein S, Coetzee D; C.Mathews, South African Medical Research Council, PO Box 19070, Tyerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa, Tel.: +27 21 938 04 54, Fax: +27 21 938 04 83, E-mail: cmathews@mrc.ac.za
Aim:This research investigates an innovative health education strategy to improve STD partner notification in public health clinics in South Africa . The aim of the research was to evaluate the acceptability and impact of a health education intervention on the rate of partner referral by STD patients. The intervention
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4329)
Kandala N-B; N. -B. Kandala, University of Munich, Munich, Germany, Tel.: +49 89 217 827 84, Fax: +49 89 217 827 84, E-mail: kandala@stat.uni-muenchen.de
Official projections of the AIDS epidemic in RDC have been published since 1994 and during the first quarter of 1998, the result of work carried out by UNAIDS and WHO worked closely with national government and research institutions to recalculate current estimates on people living with HIV/AIDS.These calculations are
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4330)
Olowolagba A, O'Farrell N; A. Olowolagba, City Health Department, Communicable Diseases, Old Fort Place, Durban, South Africa, E-mail: olowolagba@durban.gov.za
Objectives: To report trends in the numbers of STI and genital ulcer cases amongst attenders at an STI clinic in Durban at a time when the overall HIV prevalence rose from 0 to 32% amongst antenatal clinic attenders in this community. Methods: Review of the Annual Reports of the Medical Officer of Health for Durban fro
Background: Although STI s are a significant contributing factor in facilitating HIV transmission in Cambodia , there is little published data on the burden of STI in the community. This study reviews recent STI data in Cambodia. Methods: Data collected from the Health Information system (HIS) for 1998 and preliminary
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4332)
Payapvipapong P; P.Payapvipapong, Population and Community Developement Association, 6 Sukhumvit 12, Bangkok 10110, Thailand, Tel.: +66 2 229 46 11, Fax: +66 2 229 46 32, E-mail: pda@mozart.inet.co.th
Aim: To create a self-sustainable program for AIDS-education in Klong-Prem prison, Bangkok, Thailand . The total population of the prison is 20,000 inmates, but this project targeted at the 5,000 male inmates with prison terms of 25 years or less. The main components of the program includes the development of an appro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4333)
Makelele PM, Magazani K, Sukwa T, Odimba Makelele MJ, Malinda M, Mukendi Katumbutumbu JN, Bukasa A, Tembele JC, Odimba BF;;; P. M. T. Makelele, Anti - STDs/AIDS Youth International, Compensation House Flat 503, Obote Ave, Kitwe, Zambia, Tel.: +260 2 786 076, Fax: +260 2 225 886, E-mail: pmakelele@hotmail.com
Issues: Since the World Aids Day has been commemorated, every year december is a period of high community mobilisation. In a resource limited setting, how to maximise the use of education and promotional material, extending the campaign as ASAYI (Anti-Sdts/AIDS Youth International)did? Description: After a baseline sur
Objective: To Assess the effectiveness of Azithromycin versus Doxycycline in the treatment of sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis and concomitant Neisseria gonorrhoea infections in a setting of high HIV sero prevalence rates. Design: Randomised Control Trial Intervention: Azithromycin (1g stat) versus the standa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4335)
Gadgil M, Bhagwat S; M. Gadgil, Maharashtra AIDS Control Society, Near Wadala Overbridge, Ra Kidwai Road, Wadala West, Mumbai, India, Tel.: +91 22 411 30 97, E-mail: msacs@bom8.vsnl.net.in
STI/HIV/AIDS Problem in the state of Maharashtra is now not limited only to metros like Mumbai (Bombay) but it has also spread deep into the rural parts of Maharashtra. Also the state has entered the 3rd phase of the epidemic, and rural women who were at the periphery of the epidemic are now coming into the 16 District
Objective: The study explored the susceptibility of the children of Bangladesh to HIV/AIDS and based on the findings, it recommends measures to be adopted to prevent HIV infection among the children. The large number of street children in our country pose a definite threat to HIV/AIDS. The incidence of injecting drug u
Purpose: The purpose of the present research was to determine the prevalence of HIV-1-infekton, virus hepatitides and syphilis among sex workers in Moscow. Methods: The serological approach was used to diagnose these infections. 170 sex workers were tested anonymously for the presence of antibodies to HIV-infection. Th
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4338)
Sawadogo Y; Y.Sawadogo, Care and Health Program, Bld VGE, 01 BP 5315 Abidjan 01, Cote D'Ivoire, Tel.: +225 21 25 29 32, Fax: +225 21 25 18 68, E-mail: syoussouf@hotmail.com
Issues: The control of sexually transmitted diseases (STD s) is now recognized as one of the corner stones of an effective HIV/AIDS prevention program. Debate is still ongoing on the exact role of reproductive health clinics in the control of HIV/AIDS and other STD s. In Cote D Ivoire, the NACP adapted the integration
Background: In countries where HIV testing is widely accessible, self-reported patient prevalence data and those obtained from voluntary tests can prove useful in epidemiological studies. The significance and validity of such data were therefore subjected to analysis. Methods: In 1998 an unlinked anonymous HIV seroprev
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4340)
Kundu KK, Jana S; K.K.Kundu, 134/ 1 Mitrapara Road, PO Box Naihati, Naihati 743165, North 24 Pgs. W.B., India, Tel.: +91 33 241 6200, Fax: +91 66 241 6283, E-mail: ship@cal.vsnl.net.in
Background: In 1992, an STD/HIV intervention was launched in a Sex Worker (SW) community following syndromic guidelines. But the percentage of genital ulcer remained disproportionate to the detected VDRL positivity in the baseline. The presence of a huge reservoir of asymptomatic syphilitic cases being perceived. Metho
Issues: Since the World Aids Day has been commemorated, every year December is a period of high community mobilisation. In a resource-limited setting, how to maximize the use of educational and promotional material, extending the campaign to one year as ASAYI (Anti-STD/AIDS Youth International) did? Description: After
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4342)
Castilho E, Szwarcwald C, Barbosa-Junior A, Gomes MR, Oliveira S, Chequer P; E. Castilho, Brazilian STD/AIDS Program - MOH, Esplanada dos Ministerios Bloco G, Sobreloja, 70058-900, Brazil, Tel.: 55-61-225-7559, Fax: 55-61-315 2643, E-mail: aids@aids.gov.br
Background: This paper aims to analyse the history of genito-urinary (GU) symptoms in a representative sample of Brazilian male adolescents (military service is mandatory in Brazil for young males). In 1998, a two stage stratified sample of 30318 military conscripts aged 17-20 years (mean and median = 18) was selected.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4343)
Ruiz J, Parikh-Patel A, Bunnell R, Bernstein K, Cossen C, Horowitz E, Bolan G, Sun R; J. Ruiz, California Department of Health Services, 611 N. 7th Street, Sacramento, CA 95814, United States, Tel.: (916) 445-0700, Fax: (916) 327-3252, E-mail: Jruiz1@dhs.ca.gov
Objectives:To estimate the prevalence of HIV infection and markers for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2), as well as hepatitis B surface antigen (
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4344)
Press N, Chavez VM, Ticona E, Calderon M, Salas Apolinario I, Culotta A, Gilman R; N. Press, 452D, 2733 Heather Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 3J5, Canada, Tel.: 604-875-4588, Fax: 604-875-4013, E-mail: natashapress@hotmail.com
Background:In Peru , 95% of HIV/AIDS cases are due to sexual transmission. Although HIV-infected individuals are also at risk for other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), routine screening has not been implemented. We conducted a surveillance study to document the prevalence of STDs in an HIV-positive population, a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4345)
Klausner J, Page-Shafer KA, Liska S, Kent C, Balls J; J. Klausner, San Francisco Dept. of Public Health, 1360 Mission St, Ste 401, San Francisco, CA 94103, United States, Tel.: 415-554-8486, Fax: 415-554-9636, E-mail: shafer@psg.ucsf.edu
Objective: We compared Ligase Chain Reaction (LCR) assays ( Abbott Laboratories ) and culture for the detection of oro-pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhea (GC) infections in men who have sex with men (MSM) attending the municipal STD clinic in San Francisco. Methods: Oro-pharyngeal swab specimens were obtained from 202 MSM
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4346)
Scheer S, Chu P, Hsu LC, Klausner J, Schwarcz S, Katz M; S. Scheer, San Francisco Dept of Public Health, HIV Seroepidemiology Unit, 25 Van Ness Ave. Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States, Tel.: (415)554-9076, Fax: (415)431-0353, E-mail: susan_scheer@dph.sf.ca.us
Background: Recent data indicate increases in STDs and unprotected sex among men who have sex with men, the risk group that accounts for 80% of AIDS cases in San Francisco (SF). The increase in STDs may be attributed in part to belief that HIV-infected persons receiving antiretroviral therapies (ART) are less likely to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4347)
Van Griensven F, Supawitkul S, Kilmarx PH, Limpakarnjanarat K, Young NL, Manopaiboon C, Manopaiboon C, Mock P, Korattana S, Mastro TD; F. Van Griensven, The HIV/AIDS Collaboration, DMS 6 Building, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: 66 2 5918358, Fax: 66 2 5915443, E-mail: fav1@cdc.gov
Background: Chiang Rai, Thailand s northernmost province, has among the highest HIV infection rates in Asia. Prevalence is highest in young adults, suggesting that prevention should start at earlier age. However, little is known about risk behaviors, drug use, and infection rates with HIV and STD in the younger age gro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4348)
Tshabalala M, Sidyiyo G, Rebombo A; M. Tshabalala, HOPE worldwide South Africa, PO Box 553, Honeydew, 2040, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 984 4422, Fax: +27 11 984 4422, E-mail: hope@global.co.za
Issue: Informal settlements in Soweto are at high risk for STD s and HIV transmission. Low cost, high impact strategies must be developed for these informal settlements. Description: Snakepark is an informal settlement on the outskirts of Soweto with 80,000 residents. Mapping of key community sites and groups was under
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4349)
Moherdaui F, Vasconcelos AL, Oliveira Campos E; F. Moherdaui, Brazilian STD/AIDS Program - MOH, Esplanada Dos Ministrerios Bloco G - Sobreloja, Brasilia - DF, Brazil, Tel.: +55 61 315 21 40, Fax: +55 61 315 25 19, E-mail: aids@aids.gov.br
Background: To determine the rate of concordance between the specific clinical diagnosis and laboratory diagnosis carried out in women with vaginal flow complaints. Methods: A study involving 408 patients from 3 STD reference centres was initiated after training medical personnel and laboratory technicians in order to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4350)
Weiss H, Kahindo M, Anagonou S, Musonda R, Zekeng L, Laga M, Buve A;;; H. Weiss, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 020 7612 7872, Fax: +44 020 7 436 4230, E-mail: helen.weiss@lshtm.ac.uk
Background: As part of a study of factors determining the differential spread of HIV in Africa, the epidemiology of syphilis was compared across four African towns. Methods: In each town (Cotonou, Benin ; Yaounde, Cameroon ; Kisumu, Kenya ; Ndola, Zambia ) a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4351)
Sarker M, Gibney L, Macaluso M, Jane S, Kirk K, Khan HA, Vermund S; M. Sarker, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Epidemiology and International Health Department, School of Public Health, 1665, University Blvd,Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0022, Bangladesh, Tel.: +880 205 934 0447, Fax: +880 205 934 2933, E-mail: malabikasarker@hotmail.com
Objective: To assess the prevalence of, and determine risk factors for, sexually transmitted diseases (Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Herpes Simplex 2, Trichomoniasis, and HIV) and viral hepatitis (HBV, HCV, HDV) among urban women living adjacent to a truck stand in Dhaka, Bangladesh . Methods: 384 women (aged 15-
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4352)
Palaniappan K; K. Palaniappan, AIDS Prevention and Control Project VHS Adayer, Chennai 600113, India, Tel.: +091 442 355 018, Fax: +091 442 355 018, E-mail: apacvhs@giasmd01.vsne.net.in
Background: STD prevention and control in HIV/AIDS prevention programs cannot be over emphasised. The presence of STDs increases the likely hood of sexual transmission of HIV infection. STD prevalence can be a surrogate marker for HIV and for monitoring the success of intervention. Methods: A study was undertaken in Ta
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4353)
Tayra A, Santos NJ, Hasegawa SS, Tancredi MV, Melo CS, Oliveira CA, Cardoso MR, Guibu IA, Ueda M; A. Tayra, Sao Paulo STD/Aids Referral and Training Center, Rua Dr.Nicolau de Souza Queiroz, 70 apto 74, Vila Mariana- Sao Paulo-SP- Brazil, CEP 041 05-000, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 575 4211, Fax: +55 11 539 3445, E-mail: atayra@hotmail.com
Background: The study was performed in the Leonor Mendes de Barros Maternity, whose demand is an average 500 deliveries/month. It is a high-risk pregnancy referral for the eastern region of the city. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Syphilis and HIV in the hospital. Methods: We assess
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4354)
Noko K, Mzezewa V, Kelly C, Latif AS, Shetty AK, Bassett MT; K. Noko, Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Project, 103 Rotten Row, Kopje, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel.: +263 4 770 610, Fax: +263 4 749 865, E-mail: verna@zappuz.co.zw
Background: Voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) is not widespread in Zimbabwe . Men who are treated for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are at increased risk for HIV infection. Are they more likely to accept HIV testing? We examined this in a workplace peer education project that offers free treatment for
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4355)
Tancredi MV, Tayra A, Sorrentino SR, Wolffenbuttel K, Pinto VM; M.V. Tancredi, Rua Rebeca - NR 140, Vila Palmares - Santos Andre, Sao Paulo, PO Box 09061-400, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 712 6634, E-mail: amtancredi@uol.com.br
Background: Study performed in the State of Sao Paulo - Brazil , in Referral Centers for Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD/AIDS) with the objective of constructing a profile of these conditions and determining the STD/HIV infection interface. Methods: A computerized system (SINDST) was implemented in the State of Sao
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4356)
Farley TA, Sanders L, Elkins W, Cohen D; T.A. Farley, Louisiana Office of Public Health, PO Box 60630, New Orleans, LA 70160, United States, Tel.: +1 504 568 50 85, Fax: +1 504 599 04 93, E-mail: tfarley@dhh.state.la.us
Background: Bacterial STDs promote HIV transmission, but optimal ways to use STD treatment to prevent HIV infection in the U.S are not known. We studied why untreated non-ulcerative bacterial STDs in persons at risk for HIV infection are not treated. Methods: Persons age 18-29 who were not seeking care for genitourinar
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4357)
Kone A, Zerbo PJ, Ybou M, Beral M, Beaudry R; A. Kon, CCISD, 23, Avenue Nogues, 4e etage, B.P. 6554, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 20 32 10 40, Fax: +225 20 21 80 50, E-mail: kone.alassane@globeaccess.net
Introduction: In Abidjan, where HIV infection is estimated at 12 to 14%, 25% of patients with STDs are HIV positive. Our intervention is aimed at improving management of STDs in order to limit the rise of HIV infection. Methods: In collaboration with the health district: 1. Support for health structures: training of di
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4358)
Ashok S, Dr. Jayapaul K; S. Ashok, 24, Vijayalakshmi Street, Mahalingapuram, Chennai -600 0034, India, Tel.: +91-044-8273580, Fax: +91-044-8257889, E-mail: aabinand@satyam.net.in
Background: In India sexual modes of transmission constitute the largest being 90% of the total transmission of HIV of which sex workers constitute over 50% among the above stated figures.Pondicherry the only brothel in the south of India has a prevalence rate of HIV being 34.15/1000 with the sentinel surveillance fig
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4359)
Claeys P, Fonck K, Rathe S, Shahbazova R, Aliev T, Jabbarova A, Temmerman M; P. Claeys, International Centre for Reproductive Health, University Hospital, De Pintelaan,P3, B-9000 Gent, Belgium, Tel.: +32 9 240 52 54, Fax: +32 9 240 38 67, E-mail: patricia.claeys@rug.ac.be
Background: Data on STI prevalence in the Republic of Azerbaijan are scarce or non-existent. This study was undertaken to obtain information on the actual STI prevalence rates in the general population and to know the aetiology of disease in patients attending STI clinics in order to develop adapted guidelines for STI
Background: STD are considered to be a leading risk factor for HIV transmission. The extent to which STD are an important factor for HIV among drug users, where the risk may be more directly due to injecting, is not well understood. To prepare for targeted HIV interventions, we are conducting a longitudinal study of H
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4361)
Kirungi WL, Kabatesi D, Cutler J, Tumwesigye E, Kambugu F; W.L. Kirungi, University of London, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Brunswick Square, #W543, London, WC1N 1AS, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 171 685 4475, E-mail: wilford.kirungi@lshtm.ac.uk
Objectives: To determine the impact of the programme of improving STD management in Health Care Facilities (HCF) between 1996 and 1998. We assessed the proportion of patients with specific STD who receive appropriate treatment in HCF, (WHO/GPA Prevention Indicator -PI 6), and the proportion that receive appropriate ad
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4362)
Go VF, Quan VM, Celentano DD, Chung A, Hien B, Yuenger JD, Duncan DY, Zenilman JM; V.F. Go, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 662 7335, Fax: +1 410 955 1836, E-mail: vgo@jhsph.edu
Background: Since the first case of HIV was diagnosed in Vietnam (VN) in 1990, cumulative infections have increased to >17,000 in 1999. In developing countries, reproductive tract infections (RTIs), including bacterial vaginosis (BV), are important cofactors in HIV transmission. We assessed the prevalence and associat
Background: The purpose was to study the trends of the population presenting with sexually transmitted infections and the disease they present with in a tertiary care center in urban India (Mumbai - Bombay). Methods: A record of all the STDs was maintained with demographic details, duration of the disease, incubation
Background: Madagascar is a country with a low prevalence of HIV infection in the general population (0.07%). Regional data within high risk populations are lacking. The objectives of the study were to determine among registered female sex workers (FSWs) of the south-west capital Tulear: the prevalence of HIV antibodie
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4365)
Malonza I, Keli F, Kaul R, Kimani J, Bwayo J, Ngugi E, Plummer F, Temmerman M, Moses S; I. Malonza, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19955, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254 271 48 51, E-mail: matmal@ratn.org
Objective: Sexually transmitted diseases have been implicated as cofactors in the heterosexual transmission of HIV, but the extent to which asymptomatic STDs are associated with increased risk is unclear. We examined the risk for HIV associated with asymptomatic non-ulcerative STDs among female sex workers. Methods: C
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4366)
Stewart W, Wang X, Shen J, van den Hoek A; W. Stewart, 16, He Ping Li Zhong Jie an Wei 4, Beijing 100013, China, Tel.: +00-86-10-64271471, Fax: +00-86-10-64271471, E-mail: piu@public.bta.net.cn
Background: Epidemics of STD and HIV are currently increasing in seriousness in China . In 1998 632,000 cases of STD were reported, 37% more than in 1997. Estimated HIV prevalence is 400,000. STD threaten to transform the Chinese HIV epidemic to one of sexual transmission. Quality of care for STD remains low, and the e
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4367)
Dukers N, Bruisten S, van den Hoek A, de Wit J, van Doornum G, Coutinho R; N. Dukers, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 100, 1018 WT, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 555 5524, Fax: +31 20 555 5533, E-mail: ndukers@gggd.amsterdam.nl
Background: In many countries, including the Netherlands , (young) homosexual men were especially targeted by AIDS prevention campaigns, resulting in a strong sexual risk reduction in this group and a marked decrease in several sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV. As the population of homosexual men is also kn
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4368)
Galvan R, Sanchez J, Wittington W; R. Galvan, Peruvian National HIV and STD Control Program, Av Salaverry cdra 8, Segundo Piso, Jesus Maria, Lima 11, Peru, Tel.: +51 1 433 27 61, Fax: +51 1 433 62 32, E-mail: rgalvan@minsa.gob.pe
Background: The availability and widespread use of antibiotics are related to the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. Antibiotics are available over the counter in Peru , and are frequently prescribed by pharmacy clerks. Monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility is crucial for appropriate management of N.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4369)
Nogueira RC, Rahabani M, Bersani MA; R.C. Nogueira, STD/AIDS Municipal Program, Praca Rui Barbosa 23 4° andar, CEP 11010-130 Centro, Santos Sao Paulo, Brazil, Tel.: +55 013 219 4536, Fax: +55 013 219 45 36, E-mail: ricbia@zaz.com.br
Issues: u STD are among the most common of health problems the world over. In Santos, a city of 450,000 inhabitants, the estimate is that 4% of the sexually active population contracts an STD (MS). Important not only because of their grave consequences for the population, their association with AIDS cannot be forgotten
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4370)
Young-Holt B, Syme L, Tabnak F, Sun R, Tager I; B. Young-Holt, UCBerkeley, 140 Warren Hall, Berkeley CA 94730, United States, Tel.: +1 510 642 0105, Fax: +1 510 643 7316, E-mail: bcyoung@socrates.berkeley
Objectives: HIV and STD intervention efforts in many in low income, urban, communities have not been successful. One possible reason is that most interventions do not focus on community and social issues. We chose to study community and individual level factors associated with lower risk of STDs, including HIV, among w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4371)
Bello PY, Franco E, Queiroz T, Feitosa I, Muniz A, Frota LH, Pinho M; P.Y. Bello, Projeto HIV/DST Ceara, CP 3226. Rodolfo Teofilo., 60431-970 Fortaleza-Ce, Brazil, Tel.: +55 852 610 299, Fax: +55 852 616 440, E-mail: pyb@secrel.com.br
Objective: To estimate HIV and STD prevalence in female general population of Fortaleza, Ceara state, Brazil . Methods: We included women doing a pap smear in an health setting of Fortaleza, having between 15 and 49 years of age. After an informed consent a questionnaire was filled and samples were taken for syphilis
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4372)
Tumwesigye E, Kambugu F, Mubangizi J; E. Tumwesigye, STD Clinic - Mulago Hospital, PO Box 16331, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256-41-534-074, Fax: +256-41-533-531, E-mail: mujhu@afsat.com
Issues: STDs are a major cause of significant morbidity among men, women and infants. STDs also facilitate HIV sexual transmission and the wildfire-like spread of HIV in Africa in general and Uganda in particular could in part be explained by the high STD rates in the past. Most HIV prevention strategies are also expe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4373)
Beltrame A, Pollara C, Foresti I, Santalucia M, Casalini C, Tedoldi S, Iorio A, El Hamad I; A. Beltrame, Ple. Spedali Civili n 1- Brescia, Italy, Tel.: +39-30-399 56 71, Fax: +39-30-303 061, E-mail: forleo@master.cci.unibs.it
Introduction: The number of migrant women engaging in international prostitution is increasing in Europe. There is raising concern on the role of these women on HIV and STDs transmission in the host country. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and incidence of STDs and HIV infection among female migrant prostitutes i
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4374)
Torian L, Makki HA, Murrill CS, Menzies IB, Benson DA, Weisfuse IE; L. Torian, NYC Dept of Health Office of AIDS Research, 346 Broadway room 701, New York NY 10013, United States, Tel.: +1 212 442 3461, Fax: +1 212 442 3482, E-mail: ltorian@aol.com
Objective: To measure trends in HIV seroprevalence (P) in men who have sex with men (MSM) presenting to NYC Dept. of Health sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics, 1990-1998 (N = 3,640). Method: Unlinked HIV-1 serosurvey using remnant serum originally drawn for routine serologic tests for syphilis. Results: The sam
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4375)
Abreu C, Magina S, Lisboa C, Aguiar Nogueira J, Mota Miranda A, Mesquita Guimaraes J, Lecour H; C. Abreu, R. Monte Cativo, 458 1° E, 4050-400 Porto, Portugal, Tel.: +351 228 317 863, E-mail: cmabreu@netc.pt
Aim: to study CSF abnormalities in a cohort of HIV adults with recently known positive treponemal serology and latent or clinical (primary or secundary) syphilis and to compare them with HIV adults without syphilis or other diagnosed neurological disease, for assessment of neurosyphilis. Methods: epidemiological, clini
Issues: Congenital syphilis presents a serious problem. in Brazilian public health.. The lack of alertness of health professionals to the problem of congenital syphilis, the poor quality of pre-natal care, the rising incidence of syphilis in women of child-bearing age and the absence of treatment in cases diagnosed and
Background: Infections with sexually transmitted pathogens can be asymptomatic in 40-80% of patients, therefore routine sensitive screening of persons at high risk would be beneficial in controlling further transmission of STDs, including HIV-1 infection. Objective: Report the prevalence of laboratory-confirmed STDs o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4379)
Kumwenda N;;; N. Kumwenda, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, C/O Dr Taha E. Taha, Rm E 6011, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Background: To determine HIV seroprevalence and seroincidence during the period 1994-1999 among male workers of a sugar estate in rural Malawi . Risk factors influencing HIV infection in this occupational setting are also assessed. Looseness=1 Methods: Men 18 years or older were eligible. After obtaining informed conse
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4380)
Bonell C, Weatherburn P; C. Bonell, Institute of Education, 18 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0NS, United Kingdom, Tel.: +0171 612 6613, Fax: +0171 612 6400, E-mail: c.bonell@ioe.ac.uk
Background: There is evidence from reviews for STIs being risk factors for heterosexual HIV transmission. These findings may not apply to homosexual transmission, about which existing reviews develop no conclusions. This paper reviews existing studies in order to examine this question. Methods: Papers were obtained and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4381)
Seck K, Niang NS, Niang NS, Diop O, Diop O, Dioum R, Gassama B; K. Seck, National AIDS Program, Institut d'Hygiene Sociale, BP 3435, Dakar, Senegal, Tel.: +221 822 90 45, Fax: +221 822 15 07, E-mail: karseck@telecomplus.sn
Self medication is one of the major constraint in the control of STI. Many studies show that more than 50 % of STI patients do not seek treatment from health facilities but directly from pharmacists or market medication sellers. Although pharmacists are not allowed to deliver medical care, it seemed opportune to involv
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4382)
Coelho I, Martins Vale J, Broutet N, Sampaio I, Queiroz T; I. Colho, Federal University of Ceara, CP 3226 Rodolfo Tefilo, 60431-970 Fortaleza-Ceara, Brazil, Tel.: +55 85 261 0299, Fax: +55 85 261 6440, E-mail: ivo@ufc.com.br
Background: Due to the lack of data on the etiology of urethritis and cervicitis, knowledge about the prevalence of microorganisms in patients seen on consultation at STD clinics in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil is important to guide therapeutic choices in the algorithms of syndromic approach . Method: Specimens were collec
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4383)
Hernandez C, Gordillo M; C. Hernandez, AIDS NATIONAL COUNCIL, Tlalpan 4585, 2o. floor, Toriello Guerra, C.P. 14050, Mexico, Tel.: +52 1 5 528 48 48, Fax: +52 1 5 528 42 20, E-mail: ceducaci@prodigy.net.mx
Background: HIV infection is detected through ELISA and Western blot (Wb) tests. Wb can have 3 possible results: positive, negative and indeterminate. If indeterminate it is necessary to repeat it in order to conclude the patient s serologic status. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the Western blot results of 984 pat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4384)
Queiroz T, Bello PY, Coelho I, Broutet N; T. Queiroz, HIV/STD Project, Av. Rui Barbosa, 757/302, 60 115-220 Meireles, Fortaleza-Ceara, Brazil, Tel.: +55 85 261 77 58, Fax: +55 85 261 64 40, E-mail: telma.queiroz@secrel.com.br
Background: HIV prevalence among STD patients in Fortaleza was 1,06% in 1993. In order to observe the evolution of the epidemic in this population we made a study in 1996-7. Methods: A questionaire was filled for each patient seen on consultation at three STD referral centers. HIV test was offered to each patient with
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4385)
Habbema JD, Bakker R, Robinson NY, Korenromp EL; J. D. F. Habbema, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Dept of public health, POBox 1738, Rotterdam 3000 DR, Netherlands, Tel.: +311 040 879 85, Fax: +311 040 894 49, E-mail: habbema@mgz.fgg.eur.nl
Background: Large differences are observed in the distribution of aetiologies of genital ulcer disease (GUD) in countries in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the extent of HIV infection in a particular setting may contribute to this difference, through the effect of HIV on the natural his
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4386)
Mshana MA; M.A. Mshana, National AIDS Control Programme, PO Box 11857, Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of, Tel.: +255 51 118 581, Fax: +1 255 51 138 282
Issues: The prevalence of STDs is high in Tanzania . Discharges are the most common STDs with gonorrhoea prevalence ranging from 2% to 10% among antenatal women. There are no reliable data for STD incidence in the country. However, if extrapolation from, e. g. a small study area in Mwanza is made, it can be estimated t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4387)
Sallar A, Nyarko D; A.Sallar, University of British Columbia, 5804 Fairview Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada, Tel.: +1 604 822 27 72, Fax: +1 604 822 49 94, E-mail: masallar@interchange.ubc.ca
Objective: To determine students knowledge as regards AIDS and other STDs in a region with high HIV prevalence in Ghana . Methods: A questionnaire that elicited information on AIDS knowledge, reproductive health knowledge and sexual behaviour was administered to junior high and senior high secondary school students age
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4388)
Sallar A;;; A. Sallar, University of British Columbia, 5804 Fairview Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada, Tel.: +604-822-2772, Fax: +604-822-4994, E-mail: masallar@interchange.ubc.ca
Objective: To assess the content of knowledge on Reproductive Health and levels of self-reported STDs in a potentially vulnerable group of adolescents. Methods: Structured and unstructured questionnaires were administered to adolescents aged 10-19 on a one-on-one basis (N = 665) stratified by gender, age and location (
Issues: HIV and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are epidemic in Uganda . Improved STD management is promoted as a cost-effective intervention to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV. In Uganda, the majority of men with STDs seek treatment in the informal sector and drug shops where they receive poor quality trea
Issue: Performing arts in terms of acting, dance, mime and music is one of the innovative and interactive ways use in mobilising African people in reducing the worsening effects of HIV/STDs. This is so due to the importance attached to arts and culture by the people. Project: Youths in secondary schools and in tertiary
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4391)
Van Dam J, Ballard R, Neilssen G, Williams BG, Gilgen D, Ye T, Fehler G, Radebe F, Tskabala V; J. Van Dam, Horizons Project, Population Council 4301, Connecticut Avenue NW Suite 280, Washington PC, United States, Tel.: +1 202 237 9400, Fax: +1 202 237 8410, E-mail: jvandam@pcdc.org
Background: Prior to introduction of a comprehensive HIV/STD intervention project, a survey was carried out among mine workers, sex workers, and the general population of the nearby township. This baseline survey, conducted in August 1998, was followed by another survey in August 1999, both supported by the Horizons P
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4392)
Miranda A, Alves MC, Neto R, Andriolo E, Areal KR; A. Miranda, Rua Luiza Grinalda 207, Vila Velha 29100-240, Brazil, Tel.: +552 722 941 40, Fax: +552 723 938 09, E-mail: espinosa@tropical.com.br
Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of HIV, HBV infection and syphilis among pregnant women attending at the first visit to antenatal clinics, and to assess the potential risk factors for these infections. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September 1999. The first pregnant women attendi
Issues: Commercial sex is readily available and widely practiced in the Philippines . High rates of sex partner turnover (10.4/week) and prevalence of syphilis (20%) and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) among female sex workers suggest potential rapid spread of HIV infection. Sigma associated with STI, high
Introduction: The low rate school attendance in Senegal (less than 60%) combined with the high rate of school waste strengthens the rate of illteracy and its consequences namely junevile delinquency, pedophily and all kinds of assaults. To struggle against theses evils the country has no more the choice between school
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4395)
Vuylsteke B, Ettiegne-Traore V, Bandama C, Anoma C, Ghys P, Maurice C, Sanogo A, Roels TH, Laga M; B. Vuylsteke, Projet Retro - CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 541 11, Fax: +225 212 429 69, E-mail: bbvl@cdc.gov
Introduction: Prompt STD treatment contributes to reducing HIV infection. In Abidjan, a FSW clinic has offered free treatment for primary health problems, including STD, since 1992. In 1993, STD algorithms were designed based on STD screening results in FSWs, which indicated a prevalence of cervical infection of 35%. O
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4396)
Adu-Sarkodie Y, Boateng JO; Y. Adu-Sarkodie, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana, Tel.: +233 512 23 01, E-mail: ysarkodie@ighmail.com
Objective: To study the prevalence of STD pathogens in antenatal clinic attendees. The results will help plan strategies to reduce vertical transmission of these infections. Methods: Serum was obtained from 500 pregnant women as part of routine sentinel surveillance. These were screened for HIV antibodies (Murex HIV I
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4397)
Do A, Hanson DL, Dworkin MS, Jones JL; A. Do, CDC, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-47, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 4958, Fax: +1 404 639 2980, E-mail: aad9@cdc.gov
Background: Although surveillance for gonorrhea among the US general population is well-established, little is known about the incidence of gonorrhea among HIV-infected persons. Methods: To examine the risk factors and trends of gonorrhea incidence among a group of HIV-infected patients, we analyzed a dataset from the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4398)
Ndongmo CB, Zekeng L, Kaptue L; C.B. Ndongmo, University of Oslo, Faculty of MedicDepartment of International Health, Faculty of Medicine, PO Box 1130 Blindern, Oslo N-0318, Norway, Tel.: +47 22 85 06 43, Fax: +47 22 85 06 72, E-mail: c.b.ndongmo@inthelstud.uio.no
Background: Regular evaluation of HIV prevalence among selected groups provides data for monitoring the trend of the infection. This epidemiological information is useful in evaluating control programs and redefining new strategies accordingly. Therefore, the present study aimed at assessing the current HIV prevalence
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4399)
Kamb ML, Newman D, Peterman TA, Douglas JM, Zenilman J, Bolan G, Rhodes F, Iatesta M; M.L. Kamb, CDC, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, NE, MS E-46, Atlanta, GA, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 20 80, Fax: +1 404 639 20 29, E-mail: mlk5@cdc.gov
Backgound: HIV transmission can be enhanced by presence of other STD. Asymptomatic STD are believed common in women but not men; however, the true extent of asymptomatic infection is unknown. We sought to determine incidence of asymptomatic STD in a cohort of men and women with high HIV risk. Methods: We used data from
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4400)
Doonquah L, Delapenha R, Afessa B, McNeil J, Frederick W; L. Doonquah, 2041 Georgia Avenue N.W., RM5C-02, Washington D.C. 20060, United States, Tel.: +1 202 865 18 71, Fax: +1 202 865 19 49, E-mail: lecca_md@hotmail.com
Background: Most experts recommend that persons who are evaluated or treated for sexual transmitted diseases (STD) should be offered HIV counseling and testing. To evaluate our experience in treating STD patients with GC, we performed a five-year retrospective analysis of all adult and adolescent cases of GC treated at
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4401)
Nahar N, Ahammed I, Milkey SA, Chowdhury SM, Islam ST; N. Nahar, House 60, Road 7A, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, 880 2 Dhaka, Bangladesh, Tel.: +880 2 811 41 95 - 8, Fax: +880 2 811 41 83, E-mail: carehnp@bangla.net
Objective: The general objective of the study was to know the socio-economic and demographic background of street children and to examine/assess the street children vulnerability to STD/HIV/AIDS. Methodology: The street children of both sexes living within the Dhaka Metropolitan area aged between 5-14 years constituted
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4402)
Winston BG; B. G. Winston, 829 Case, Evanston, IL 60202, United States, Tel.: +1 312 747 96 64, E-mail: bgnw@aol.com
Issues: In Chicago HIV infection contributed substantially to the resurgence of TB in the 1980s and 1990s. In the mid-1990s, in the midst of a TB outbreak, HIV coinfection was reported to be present in 23% of TB cases in ages 25-44. Part of the reason for the increase in TB cases has been the belief that TB was elimina
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4403)
Harries A, Kwanjana JH, Hargreaves NJ, Van Gorkom J, Ringdal T, Salaniponi FM; A. Harries, British High Commission, PO Box 30042, Lilongwe 3, Malawi, Tel.: +265 723 221, Fax: +265 782 657, E-mail: adharries@malawi.net
Background: Despite the large upsurge of tuberculosis (TB) cases in sub-Saharan Africa, there is little information about human and material resources available for TB control efforts. Methods: A country-wide study was conducted in the 43 hospitals in Malawi which register and treat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4404)
Nasiff V, Beltran M, Gil R, Reniero A, Sanga N; V. Nasiff, Hospital Municipal San Isidro, Laprida 212 .San Isidro., Buenos Aires, A.C.: 1642, Argentina, Tel.: +(5411)4743-1535, Fax: +(5411)4742-9292, E-mail: mbeltran@janssen.com.ar
Background: TB is the leading cause of death worldwide among persons infected with HIV. Objective: to evaluate epidemiological and clinical aspects of TB among HIV infected patients attending our Service. Methods: It is a retrospective study. We reviewed 1300 HIV infected patients between December 1987 and December 199
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4405)
Konde Pool C, Byamukama A, Mulindwa M, Mugisha E, Kityo C, Mugyenyi P; C. Konde Pool, Joint Clinical Research Centre, PO Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 270 622, Fax: +256 41 342 632, E-mail: jcrc@starcom.co.ug
Objectives: In Uganda , about 80% of deaths in HIV/AIDS patients result from T.B usually because of poor compliance to treatment. The major aim is to look at ways of how to reduce the number of deaths resulting from T.B among people living with HIV/AIDS through early diagnosis and treatment of Tuberculosis. Methodology
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4406)
Tosi C, Richard V, Montanan D; C. Tosi, Ministry of Public Health, PO Box 898, Ndjamena, Chad, Tel.: +235 51 62 50, Fax: +235 51 70 79, E-mail: projet.sante@intnet.td
Tuberculosis is an early opportunistic disease in the course of HIV infection. In Chad , a developing country, tuberculosis rapidly became the major complication of HIV infection when the latter began to spread. Objectives: to review the epidemiologic characteristics, the public health implication of HIV
Issues: Directly Observed Therapy: short course (DOTS) is the World Health Organisation recommended strategy for control of tuberculosis (TB). However, in many contexts DOTS is not feasible. Patients with both TB and AIDS present special problems. Description: MSF has provided a home based care nursing service for pa
Background: TB continues to be a disease of high prevalence in Spain . The rate of incidence of TB in our county is of 31.8 cases/100.000 inhabitants. The objective is to compare the clinical spectrum of TB in patients with and without HIV infection. Methods: All TB episodes diagnosed by the isolation of Mycobacterium
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4409)
Schechter M, De Pinho AM, Santoro-Lopes G, Tavares MD; M. Schechter, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Tel.: +55 021 270 3114, Fax: +55 021 590 1615, E-mail: maurosch@hucff.ufrj.br
Backgrounds: Some studies have suggested that tuberculosis (TB) may shorten the survival of HIV infected patients. In Rio de Janeiro, about half of the population reacts to PPD and the incidence of TB is 120 cases/100,000. The impact of TB on survival of HIV infected individuals in this highly endemic area has never
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4410)
R. Yanamadala VM, Lakshmi Kumari R, Subba Rao GV; V.M.K.R. Yanamadala, Association of People Against AIDS, 3-50 Indrapalem, Kakinada-533006 A.P., India, Tel.: +91 884 378 379, E-mail: soma@om.xlweb.com
Background: To evaluate the feasibility of tuberculin responsiveness - an indicator of cell mediated immunity, as a surrogate prognostic marker in HIV infected patients with tuberculosis (TB) in resource-poor settings. Methods: 107 HIV positive hospitalized pulmonary TB patients are tested for tuberculin reactivity wi
Background: Cotrimoxazole is cheap antibiotic, that is easy to administer and has an important potential role in prophylaxis in HIV patients and Tuberculosis (TB) patients with HIV in Africa. Bacterial susceptibility to cotrimoxazole is important to monitor in any area where cotrimoxazole prophylaxis could be recommend
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4412)
Bhurushundi M, Munje R, Saraf A, Bhongade C, Ughade; M. Bhurushundi, 202 Hanuman Nagar, Nagpur 44 00 09, India, Tel.: +91 712 740 587, E-mail: bmili@yahoo.com
Background: The relation between HIV and Tuberculosis is on increase world wide, more in developing countries. HIV and tuberculosis together are targeting the developing countries, hence to be studied in detail. Methods: In this cross-sectional study a total number of 1332 cases, 79.05% males, 20.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4413)
Liotta G, Riccardi F, Palombi L, Marazzi MC; G. Liotta, Via di Tor Vergata, 135 00173 Roma, Italy, Tel.: +39 6 725 966 15, Fax: +39 6 204 272 63, E-mail: labepidemiologia@virgilio.it
Objective: Assessment of the prevalence of HIV infections in a group of inpatients. Method: Retrospective analysis of clinical cards of all the inpatients admitted in a five-year period (1994-1998) tested for HIV infections. The sample consists of 2496 subjects older then 15 years (mean age = 42.89 years; SD±16.41;
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4414)
Raleva S, Yankova Z, Markova M, Froloshka L, Benov E, Dikov I, Argirova R; S. Raleva, Lab for Retroviruses, 44 A Stoletov Str, 1233 Sofia, Bulgaria, Tel.: +359 2 931 0713, E-mail: argirova@excite.com
Background: Socio-economic changes in Bulgaria after 1989 were followed by a stable up-ward trend in TB. Total TB incidence arose from 25 to 41 per 100 000, the pulmonary TB - from 20 to 35 per 100 000. The total number of HIV-positives (as of end 1999) is 269 and major route of transmission is the heterosexual. Howeve
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4415)
Valkova I, Kostov K, Stefanova D, Taskov H, Petrova A; I. Valkova, Botevgradsko shosse blvd., Block 4, ENT D, AP 3, 1517 Sofia, Bulgaria, Tel.: +359 2 451 766, Fax: +359 2 510 951, E-mail: magenta@omega.bg
Background: The impact of HIV infection on tuberculosis (TB) was noted in the mid to late 1980s. Epidemiologic data showed that the incidence of TB in patients with HIV infection varies in different area up to 170 fold higher than in the healthy population. The aim of this presentation is to evaluate the morbidity and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4416)
Campbell L, Hausler H; L. Campbell, South Coast Hospice Association, P.O. Box 504, PORT SHEPSTONE, 4240, South Africa, Tel.: 039 6823031, Fax: 039 6825391, E-mail: schospkz@venturenet.co.za
Background: Meta-analysis of clinical trials indicate that preventive therapy will reduce the incidence of TB in HIV positive people. Impact of introduction of preventive therapy in a developing country is less clear. Baseline assessment of HIV and TB services was carried out in order to assess the feasability of provi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4417)
Shandera W, Bouckenooghe A, De Bruyn G; W. Shandera, Baylor College of Medicine, 2235 North Blvd, Houston TX 77098-5209, United States, Tel.: +1 713 793 33 89, Fax: +1 713 798 64 00, E-mail: shandera@bcm.tmc.edu
Background: The over 30% increase in case-load among African TB clinics is considered a consequence of the AIDS outbreak. We analyzed epidemiologically the increases in HIV-1 seroprevalences among TB clinic attendants in Africa. Methods: The US Bureau of the Census database for AIDS in Africa were assessed for all nati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4418)
Shandera W, Bouckenooghe A, De Bruyn G; W. Shandera, Baylor College of Medicine, Ben Taub Hospital, 2RM-81-001, 1504 Taub Loop, Houston TX 77030, United States, Tel.: +1 713 793 3389, Fax: +1 713 798 6400, E-mail: shandera@bcm.tmc.edu
Background: The current status of TB policies is poorly understood, despite over ½ million deaths from TB annually among African AIDS. Methods: To assess African TB policies, we surveyed African nations re TB/AIDS case loads for 1996/7, rx policies, isolate resistance, mortality, & control measures. Results: 12
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4419)
Mohanty KC, Sundrani RM; K.C. Mohanty, Grant Medical College,Sir J JHospital, B-101,Nirman Vihar, Rajmata Jijabai Road,Pump House, Andheri East, Mumbai-400 093, India, Tel.: +91 22 835 4563, E-mail: drkcmohanty@htmail.com
Background: The close association between host immune status, tubercular infection and development of active disease is well recognized. This is exemplified in the development of tuberculosis in the immunocompromised patients afflicted with HIV. Methods: This study retrospectively analyses the prevalence & fatali
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4420)
Correll P, Smith DE, Kippax S, Hendry O, Grulich AE; PatriciaCorrell, National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical, Research, Level 2 - 376 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia, Tel.: +61 2 933 246 48, Fax: +61 2 933 218 37, E-mail: pcorrell@nchecr.unsw.edu.au
Background: Guidelines recommending the use PEP for non occupational exposures to HIV have been developed in only a few health jurisdictions in the world. Such guidelines were released by the Health Department of Australia s largest state (New South Wales) in December 1998. A study to monitor the use of this new therap
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4421)
Portu J, Aldamiz-Etxebarria M, Agud JM, Almaraz MJ, Aizpuru F, Grive N; J. Portu, IServicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Txagorritxu, VITORIA-GASTEIZ. 01009, Spain, Tel.: +945 007 000, Fax: +945 007 289, E-mail: jportu@osakidetza.net
Background: Our aim is to calculate the acceptance, exclusion criteria, adverse effects and adherence to TBP in HIV+ patients and HIV-PPD+ drug users. Methods: (1) HIV infected patients with CD4>500 cells/mm3 or with CD4>500 cells/mm3 lymphocytes and PPD+ and (2) HIV-PPD+ drug users. Supervised (SP)TBP was prescribed f
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4422)
Belo M, T. Belo MT, Sanches K, Trajman A, Teixeira EG, Selig L, Castello Branco MM; M. Belo, Rua Aylton Vasconcelos 220 APT 103, ILWA DO Governador, Rio De Janeiro 21941 - 070, Brazil, Tel.: +552 139 357 63, Fax: +552 153 216 61, E-mail: mcbrnco@centroin.com.br
Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a frequent opportunistic infection among AIDS patients in Brazil . In order to identify risk factors for the co-infection, we compared AIDS patients with and without a present or past history of TB using the Rio de Janeiro State Health Department database. Methods: All 25,253 adult (>12
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4423)
Selig L, Teixeira EG, T. Belo MT, Castello Branco MM, Trajman A; L. Selig, RVA Anibal De Mendonqa 72/202, Ipanema, Rio De Janeiro 22410 - 050, Brazil, Tel.: +552 154 088 28, Fax: +552 154 088 28, E-mail: selig@gbl.com.br
Introduction: The TB incidence rate in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) is one of the highest in the country: 90/100,000 inhabitants in 1998. Despite an estimated 10% HIV co-infection prevalence, many remain undetected. In this study, we analyzed the frequency of HIV screening in TB patients in RJ. Methods: We reviewed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4424)
Selig L, Selig L, Guedes R, Trajman A, Teixeira EG, T. Delo MT, Castello Dranco MM, Sanches K; L. Selig, RVA Anibal De Mendowka 72, APT 202, Ipanema CEP 22410 - 050, Rio De Janeiro CEP 22410 - 050, Brazil, Tel.: +552 154 088 28, Fax: +552 154 088 28, E-mail: selig@gbl.com.br
Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most important opportunistic infection among adult AIDS patients in Brazil . However, little is known on TB in paediatric AIDS patients. The aim of this study was to analyse the frequency of tuberculosis in children with AIDS according to the period of diagnosis,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4425)
Sonnenberg P, Murray J, Shearer S, Glynn J, Godfrey Fausett P; P. Sonnenberg, LSHTM, Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 181 340 0626, E-mail: p.sonnenberg@lshtm.ac.uk
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in the absence of HIV infection may cause profound lymphopenia, which is usually reversible with treatment. It is not known whether the CD4+ depletion in patients coinfected with HIV is reversible with the treatment of the TB. Methods: In a cohort study of mineworkers with TB, we analysed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4426)
Eyob G, Goshu S, Girma M, Gebreyehu M, Lemma E, Fontanet A; G. Eyob, Tuberculosis Demonstration Training Center (TBDTC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, E-mail: afontanet@gggd.amsterdam.nl
Background: HIV-infected people are at increased risk of developing active tuberculosis . We have studied the incidence of tuberculosis disease since the beginning of the HIV epidemic among the staff of the TB Demonstration and Training Centre (TBDTC) in Addis Ababa. Material and Methods: Retrospective cohort study o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4427)
Del Amo J, Perez-Hoyos S, Diez M, Castilla J, Hernandez-Aguado I; J. Del Amo, Plan Nacional del SIDA, Bravo Murillo 4, Madrid 28015, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 447 4262, Fax: +34 91 447 4563, E-mail: jamo@msc.es
Background: In vitro studies suggest tuberculosis (TB) accelerates HIV disease progression. Evidence from epidemiology is less clear. Our aim is to examine the effect of TB on HIV progression taking into account time since seroconversion. Methods: Using Kaplan-Meier methods, allowing for late entry, we estimated time
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4428)
Floyd K, Nganda B, Okello D, Moalosi G, Maher D, Ya Diul M, Raviglione M, Sinanovic E; K. Floyd, World Health Organisation, Ebv Unit, WHO, Ave. Appia, Geneva 27, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 22 791 4277, Fax: +41 22 791 4199, E-mail: floydk@who.ch
Background: The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa has caused a substantial increase in tuberculosis cases. In the context of limited budgets and hospital ward capacity, this has made it difficult to maintain traditional approaches to care. New strategies that are lower cost, less dependent on hospital admission
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4429)
Valdespino-Gomez JL, de L. Garcia-Garcia M, Garcia-Sancho C, Mayar-Maya ME, Palacios-Martinez M, Balandrano-Campos S, Escobar-Gutierrez A; J. L. Valdespino-Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Av. Universidad No. 655, Col. Sta. Ahuacatitlan, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico, Tel.: +52 112218, Fax: +52 17 55 29, E-mail: jvaldesp@insp3.insp.mx
Background: Anergic individuals have a higher risk of active tuberculosis . This is particularly so in regions where tuberculosis is highly endemic. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic characteristics associated to anergy among HIV infected so as to focus tuberculosis prevention to these population.
Background: To analyse and evaluate the treatment outcomes and relapses of 281 HIV-positive patients (pts) with tuberculosis (TB) in Frankfurt/M., Germany , over a period of 18 years. Methods: We retrospectively analysed all cases of TB amongst the 5968 HIV-positive (2089 AIDS) pts between 5/1982 and 1
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4431)
Gifford Dr, Sok Dr; Dr. C. Gifford, Sihanouk Hospital Center of HOPE, POBox 2318, Phnom Penh 3, Cambodia, Cambodia, Tel.: +855 23 882 614 /855 12 802 36, Fax: +855 23 882 485, E-mail: sihosp@bigpond.com.kh
Issues: The incidence and prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection is very high in the general population of Cambodia , and especially in the HIV+/AIDS population. Many HIV+ patients present with a clinical syndrome compatible with TB, but lab confirmation cannot be obtained despite stron
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4432)
Pillay T, Khan M, Moodley J, Adhikari M, Padayatchi N, Naicker V, Pillay DG, Coovadia HM; T. Pillay, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Natal Medical School, 719 Umbilo Road, Congella, Durban 4013, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 2604345/ 4350, Fax: +27 31 2604388, E-mail: pillayti@med.und.ac.za
Background: In spite of the global epidemic of tuberculosis which has been exacerbated by HIV-1, the impact of these co-infections on maternal and perinatal health have been limited. We document new evidence from Durban, KwaZulu Natal on the increasing effects of tuberculosis in pregnant women, neonates and infants.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4433)
Carosi G, Casalini C, Bombana E, Patroni A, Pinsi G, Tedoldi S, Scolari C, Beltrame A; G. Carosi, Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Ple. Spedali Civili n 1, 252125 Brescia, Italy, Tel.: +39-30-3995671, Fax: +39-30-303061, E-mail: forleo@master.cci.unibs.it
Background: disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection represented the most common bacterial disease in AIDS patients. The introduction of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in clinical practice has been associated with a significant decrease in morbidity of DMAC. We report incidence rates and survival of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4434)
Khan M, Pillay T, Ramjee A, Padayatchi N, Moodley J, Adhikari M; M. Khan, Medical Research Council719 Umbilo Road, Congella 4013, Durban KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 260 4345/ 4350, Fax: +27 31 260 4388, E-mail: khanm18@med.und.ac.za
Background: Durban sits at the apex of both the tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) epidemics. The current rates of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is 10.2% and similar rates of HIV-1 coinfection have been reported in patients with MDR TB as in patients with drug sensitive TB.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4435)
Lo Y-R, Liewsaree T, Fujita M, Kongsin S, Suebsaeng L, Guntamala L, Natpratan C; Y.-R. Lo, WHO Thailand, c/o Ministry of Public Health, Tiwanond Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 2 965 9283, Fax: +66 2 591 8199, E-mail: yingrulo@whothai.moph.go.th
Background: In 1998 HIV prevalence of 41 % among new TB cases was reported from northern Thailand . 33 hospitals have been offering IPT services for PLWH since 1994. One provincial hospital A and 5 district hospitals B - F were selected for assessment of IPT services. Data from 1998 are presented. The objectives of the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4436)
Easterbrook P, Lamprecht D, Ives N, Ferguson A, Makombe R, Lowe O, Mason P, Ndouza A, Mbengeranwa L, Drobniewski F; P. Easterbrook, Academic Department of HIV/GU Medicine, The Guy's, King's & St Thomas' School of Medicine, Weston Education Centre, Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 7848 5770, Fax: +44 20 7848 5769, E-mail: philippa.easterbrook@kcl.ac.uk
Background: Our objective was to examine the pattern of tuberculosis transmission (i.e. reactivation versus recent infection) in Harare, Zimbabwe , using spoligotyping, and the impact of HIV infection. Methods: 502 consecutive adult smear positive pulmonary TB patients presenting to the Beatrice Road
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4437)
Jamal LF, Guibu IA, Santos NJ, Gianna MC, Palhares MC, Telles MA, Domingues CS; L.F. Jamal, Rua Santa Cruz, 81. Vigilancia Epidemiologica., Vila Mariana. Sao Paulo S.P, PO Box 04121-000, Brazil, Tel.: +55 115 390 750, Fax: +55 115 303 445, E-mail: lejamal@hotmail.com
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most important opportunistic infection in HIV infected patients in Brazil . Although it is very frequent, early diagnosis and cure rate is far from the ideal, and resistance rate is increasing among co-infected patients. Methods: We studied a total of 1356 reported TB cases among HI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4438)
Norrgren H, Bamba S, da Silva Z, Andersson S, Koivula T, Naucler A, Biberfeld G; H. Norrgren, Dept of Infectious Diseases, University Hosp of Lund, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden, Tel.: +46 46 17 11 30, Fax: +46 46 32 38 95, E-mail: Hans.Norrgren@infek.lu.se
Background: We have prospectively studied the clinical outcome in patients with culture-proven tuberculosis and HIV-1/HIV-2 infection compared with HIV negative patients, evaluated immunological changes and investigated risk factors for decreased survival in HIV-2 positive subjects. Methods: 127 consecutive patients
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4439)
Hargreaves N, Phiri S, Kadzakumanja CO, Salaniponi FM, Harries AD, Squire SB; N. Hargreaves, Protest Project National TG Control, Private Bag 65, Lilongwe, Malawi, Tel.: +265 826 183, Fax: +265 782 657, E-mail: nicky@malawi.net
Background: Smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients had a good prognosis before the impact of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. In the era of HIV however, smear-negative PTB patients have worse outcomes than smear-positive PTB patients, despite standard TB treatment (National TB Control Programme of
Background: 3.5 million South Africans are infected with HIV of whom 1.2 million will get TB. Only 10% of people infected with HIV know their status due to limited access to voluntary counselling and testing (VCT). Health services require strengthening for the prevention and management of opportunistic infections. Meth
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4441)
Alam U, Biomndo K, Davis J, Odonde W, Shanks GD, Elbeik T, Bell C, Wasunna KM, Rothel J, Mason C; U. Alam, American Embassy - Medical Research Unit, American Embassy-MRU, PO Box 30137, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254-2-729303, Fax: +254-2-714592, E-mail: uzma17@hotmail.com
Background: The extent of tuberculosis infection among the tea plantation workers in Kericho, Kenya is unknown. Over the past 5 years, there has been a four-fold increase in hospitalized admissions for tuberculosis despite directly observed therapy. A pilot tuberculosis study was therefore conducted.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4442)
Riley ED, Robnett TJ, Vlahov D, Vertefeuille J, Strathdee SA; E.D. Riley, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 627 N. Washington St., 3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 4412, Fax: +1 410 614 9910, E-mail: eriley@jhsph.edu
Objective: Few studies have compared audio computer assisted self interviews (ACASI) to interviewer assisted questionnaires (IAQ) for populations at risk for HIV; none have studied TB-specific risk factors. We compared ACASI vs. IAQ regarding HIV and TB risk factors among active drug injectors using a needle exchange
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4443)
Tang WK, Wong KH, Chan CK, Tam CM; W. K. Tang, Department of Health, Hong Kong, Integrated Treatment Center, 9/F., Kowloon Bay Health Center, 9 Kai Yan Street, Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong, Tel.: +211 629 01, E-mail: hwktang@health.gcn.gov.hk
Background: Tuberculosis is endemic in Hong Kong , while the prevalence of HIV-1 infection is still low. Objective:To study the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of tuberculosis and HIV-1 co-infection in Hong Kong. Method: A TB/HIV registry system was set up by
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4444)
Mugusi F, Josiah R, Moshhi A, Chale S, Bakari M, Aris E, Magao P, Pallangyo N, Sandstrom E, Mhalu F, Biberfeld G, Pallangyo K; F. Mugusi, Muhimbili University College of Health Scie., PO Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of, Tel.: +255 51 151 680, Fax: +255 51 151 350, E-mail: fmugusi@muchs.ac.tz
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are the leading causes of mortality in Dares salaam. The prevalence of HIV is estimated to be 15% and TB is said to have increased more than fivefold since the appearance and widespread of HIV infection. A high prevalence of pulmonary TB was
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4445)
Ackah A, Kassim S, Abouya L, Lobognon LR, Akaki-Okiere A, Maurice C, Monga B, Sassan-Morokro M, Coulibaly D, Sanogo A, Greenberg AE, Roels TH, Wiktor SZ, Chorba T; A. Ackah, ProjetRetro - CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 541 11, Fax: +225 212 429 69, E-mail: aaa7@cdc.gob
Objective: To estimate the impact of the HIV epidemic on TB incidence in Abidjan. Methods: The numbers of newly-diagnosed adult TB patients (age > 14 years), between 1992-1998 were obtained from the national TB registry. HIV prevalence results in adult TB patients were obtained from an ongoing HIV counseling and testin
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4446)
Sai'n G, Sai'n G, Uzun O, Getinkaya Y, Asgioglu S, Kocagos S, Akova M, Unal S; G. Sai'n, Halettepe University Hospital, Department od Internal Medicine Section, Ankara 06100, Turks And Caicos Islands, Tel.: +903 123 111 271, Fax: +903 123 104 179, E-mail: gsain@tr-net.net.tr
Background: To evaluate the tuberculosis in HIV infected people Methods: The charts of the followed patients were retrospectively examined. Results: The first AIDS case was reported in 1985 in Turkey . By the end of June 1999, there were 924 HIV(+) patients, 304 of them developed AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4447)
Saggurti N, Garimella RR; N. Saggurti, International Institute for Population Science, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai-400 088, India, Tel.: +912 255 632 55, Fax: +912 255 632 57, E-mail: niranjans@india.com
Introduction: Infection with HIV proved as the most potent factor for increase in tuberculosis incidence throughout the world. In Mumbai city, the first case of HIV was detected in the year 1986, and currently (1998) between 2-3% of young population are infected with HIV in the city. On the other hand, tuberculosis in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4448)
Bhat G, Ahmed Y, Terunma H, Hojer B, Osborne C, Lesof A, Lesof A, Fausset PG; G. Bhat, School of Medicine and UTH, POBox 50110, Lusaka, Zambia, Tel.: +260-1-254 965 / 260-1-252661, Fax: +260-1-250 305, E-mail: gjbhat@zamnet.zm
Background: There has been four fold increase in the number of children treated with TB during the period from 1989-1999 at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) in Lusaka, Zambia . During the same period the HIV Serprevalence in children with TB has risen from 24% to 69%. Earlier work had validated the Tuberculosis S
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4449)
Nathoo N, Nadvi SS, Jogessar V; N. Nathoo, Wentworth Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Private Bag Jacobs 4026, Durban, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 460 51 03, Fax: +27 31 461 28 97, E-mail: nathoo@wwh.und.ac.za
Background: This study was undertaken to determine the influence of HIV on the clinical course and outcome of patients with intracranial suppurative disorders (abscesses, empyemas and ventriculitis) Methodology: A retrospective analysis of 18 785 patients admitted from 1991 to 1999 to our institution identified 1289 pa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. WePeC4450)
Brites C; C. Brites, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil, Tel.: +55 71 245 55 18, Fax: +55 71 247 27 56, E-mail: crbrites@svn.com.br
Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of enteric parasites among HIV-infected patients in Bahia, Brazil , comparing the results with non HIV-infected patients attended at a public hospital. Methods: We reviewed the medical charts of HIV-infected patients attended at the Universidade Federal da Bahia Hospital (HUPES)
