Table of Contents: 14th International AIDS Conference

14th International AIDS Conference

Barcelona, Spain - July 7-July 12, 2002

Cite as: Int Conf AIDS. 2002 Jul 7-12;14:Abstract No. xx

Abstract Numbering & Table of Contents

The abstracts have been given reference numbers as follows:

MoOrA1001
TuPpB2001
WePeC3001
ThOr245
LbOr17

Mo = Monday, Tu = Tuesday, We = Wednesday, Th = Thursday, Lb = Late-Breaker
Or = Oral Abstract Presentation
Pp = Poster Presentation
Pe = Poster Exhibition

Print only abstracts.

The 2,807 printed only abstracts are identified by their special numbering, which begins with a letter A-G (signifying the track) and is followed by a 5 digit number.

Tracks

Track A: Basic Sciences

This track will highlight all aspects related to HIV structure and replication and its regulation as well as host immune responses. Drug discovery, research on vaccines and development of animal models will also be addressed. This track will be of particular interest to laboratory researchers and clinicians involved in basic principles of HIV.

Track B: Clinical Sciences and Care

This track will highlight the characteristics and clinical course of HIV infection and related diseases, the evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, including resistance tests, and the clinical trials and cohort studies which provide the scientific basis for therapeutic interventions and care. This track will be of particular interest to investigators and clinicians participating in clinical research related to HIV-1 infection.

Track C: Epidemiology

This track will highlight the description and dynamics of the evolving HIV/AIDS epidemic, the natural history and the burden and impact of HIV infection in the world. Presentations in this track will be based on both observational and experimental studies, as well as on surveillance methods. This track will be of particular interest to public health professionals, academic researchers in epidemiology or related areas, and people using epidemiologic parameters in support of HIV/AIDS programs and policies.

Track D: Prevention Science

This track will highlight the design, testing and evaluation of HIV preventive interventions for both HIV- and HIV+ persons, including those interventions addressing early diagnosis, co-factors, and risk and harm reduction. This track will also address methodological and ethical issues in HIV prevention research. This track will be of particular interest to those involved in advancing multidisciplinary (biomedical, behavioral, and social sciences) investigations of HIV prevention.

Track E: Social Sciences

This track will highlight the scientific investigation of behavioral, social, economic, political and cultural mechanisms underlying risk of, and protection from, HIV infection and AIDS, access to and continuity of care and treatment, and will assess the psychological and social impact of the epidemic on individuals, communities and society as a whole. This track will be of particular interest to people concerned with the social and economic dimensions of the epidemic who are using concepts, approaches, and frameworks derived from the well-established body of knowledge of social sciences and the methodological tools of scientific research.

Interventions, Program Implementation and Policy

Tracks in the Interventions, Program Implementation and Policy component (Tracks F and G) will present, discuss, and share lessons learned about programs, activities, and policies related to HIV/AIDS prevention, care, treatment, support, and impact mitigation. Component key aims are to improve understanding of factors contributing to successful and unsuccessful outcomes, to identify approaches to overcome barriers to implementing, sustaining, and scaling up effective responses to HIV/AIDS, and to develop and strengthen effective strategies for action.

Track F: Interventions and Program Implementation

This track will highlight planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of activities/programs for HIV/AIDS prevention; treatment, care and support; and impact mitigation. Sessions will focus on sharing lessons learned.

Track G: Advocacy and Policy

This track will highlight description, analysis and lessons learned in HIV/AIDS-related advocacy and policy. The track will address both HIV/AIDS specific advocacy and policy, and related areas such as gender, human rights, economic development, and trade and patents.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of neural cells involves a chemokine receptor dependent but CD4 indpendent entry.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10001); Alvarez S, Canto-Nogues C, Munoz-Fernandez MA; Hospital General Univ Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain; HIV-1 infects the central nervous system and plays a direct role in the pathogenesis of AIDS dementia . However the mechanism by which HIV-1 can infect neurons continues being a controversy issue and thus it remains poorly understood. METHODS: To address the mechanism by which HIV-1 infects neurons we have
HIV envelope can exploit very low levels of CCR5 to fuse with resting CD4+ T cells.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10002); Chanel C, Staropoli I, Baleux F, Valenzuela-Fernandez A, Amara A, Virelizier JL, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Altmeyer R; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Infection of CD4+ T lymphocytes by HIV is responsible for the gradual loss of immune function which leads to AIDS. Yet, HIV is not only found in CD4+ T cells that actively produce virus but also in quiescent naive and memory lymphocytes in which it creates a stable reservoir of its genetic material. This re
Correlation of Syncytium Inducing (SI)-/ Non Syncytium Inducing (NSI)-phenotype and HIV-1 sequences from different genes.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10003); Nolden T, Beerenwinkel N, Kupfer B, Selbig J, Hoffmann D, Daeumer MP, Sierra Aragon S, Schneweis KE, Rockstroh JK, Pfister H, Kaiser R; Institut fuer Virologie der Universitaetsklinik, Koeln, Germany; Primary HIV-1 isolates can be subdivided into two groups according to their biological phenotype. Fast replication to high titers and syncytium formation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the capacity to infect and replicate in a broad range of T-lymphoid and monocytoid cell lines often chara
Hansens disease and its association with other infections in a third world country.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10004); Kamalapuram KN;;; Co-lepra, New Delhi, India; Summary: It was earlier suggested that it may be necessary to determine serology of sexually transmitted infections including AIDS in the immunocompromised persons such as leprosy( Hansens Disease) and Tuberculosis. Lamfers et.al ( 1987) reported one case of lepromatous leprosy associated with AIDS. As far as we know,
Distribution of the CCR5 gene 32 base pair deletion and CCR5 expression in Chinese minorities.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10005); Feng T, Ni AP, Irving H, Cohen MS; Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China; A mutant allele of the [beta]-chemokine receptor gene CCR5 bearing a 32-basepair (bp) deletion (denoted by ~ccr5) which prevents cell invasion by the primary transmitting strains of HIV-1 has recently been characterized. Homozygotes for the mutation are resistant to infection, even after repeated high-risk
Chemokine receptor polymorphisms in Mexican individuals exposed to HIV but non infected.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10006); Fuentes Romero Luis Leon FR, Rodriguez Diaz Roberto Alejandro RD, Viveros Rogel Monica VR, Huante Perez Alberto HP, Gonzalez Solis Edna GS, Leon Garcia Daniel LG, Anaya Rodriguez Francisco Javier AR, Rivera Lecona Maria Elena RL, Soto Ramirez Luis Enrique SR; Instituto Nacional Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Distrito Federal, Mexico; Chemokine receptors are co-receptors for HIV entry to its target cells. Chemokine-gene polymorphisms have been related to protection against HIV infection in exposed-non-infected individuals (ENIs). The homozygote deletion of 32 aminoacids (D32/D32) in the CCR5-gene has been related to resistance to HIV infection. OBJE
Frequency of sdf-1 utr801-a in distinct brazilian populations.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10007); Grimaldi RS, Acosta AX, Argollo MC, Galvao-Castro B; Laboratorio Avancado de Saude Publica - Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; SDF-1, human stromal cell-derived factor, is a member of the CXC intercrine family. This chemokine has an important role in lymphocyte activation and traffic. SDF-1 has the CXCR4 as its receptor. Previous studies have demonstrated that the CXCR4 functions as a coreceptor for the fusion/entry/infection mecha
Polymorphism of CCR5, CCR2 and CCR5 Promoter on HIV-1infection in a cohort from Sao Paulo, Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10008); Rigato PO, Hong MA, Casseb JS, Araujo RN, Araujo PF, Bueno AG, Ueda M, Orii NM, Duarte AJ; School of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; HIV-1 binds to CD4 associated to coreceptors to entry into the cells. The coreceptors usage can determine viral tropism and disease progression. Once few studies have been done among Brazilian, we aimed to genotype CCR5, SDF-1, CCR2b and CCR5 Promoter (CCR5-Pro) and to evaluate the effect of their polymorph
Exposure of neutralization epitope on recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins expressed in BHK-21, HeLa or primary mouse cells.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10009); Rolland K, Brand D, Barin F; D3M, Virology Laboratory, Medicine School, Tours, France; The HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins are the primary target of neutralizing antibodies and may be an important component of an efficient HIV vaccine. Differences in the exposure of epitopes on the envelope surface were described between T-cell line adapted strains and primary isolates, and also from strain to s
Personal development workshop for women living with HIV/AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10010); Villarroel MB;;; Chile; The objetive of the workshop was to create an space for psychotherapeutical group conversation, where the participants could share their experiences, learn more about themselves, and work with their feelings and emotions. DESCRIPTION: The workshop consisted of 4 sessions, each 5 hours long, the group was compos
V3 Antibodies and Heteroduplex Mobility Assay results in HIV-1 Infected Individuals from Venezuela.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10011); Castro E, Bongertz V, Deibis L, Morgado M, Echeverria de Perez G; Instituto de Inmunologia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela; High diversity of HIV-1 M group has lead to the description of ten distinct subtypes and 12 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs), including the CRF12 _BF detected in South American countries. Enough evidence has been collected towards the identification of the third variable region (V3) of the envelope glyc
HIV envelope-induced cell death requires coreceptor expression and gp41 function.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10012); Blanco J, Barretina J, Clotet B, Este JA; Fundacio irsiCaixa, Hosp. Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 BADALONA, Spain; Cell surface HIV envelope (Env) mediates the death of single CD4 T cells by a gp41-dependent mechanism that involves lipid but not cytoplasm mixing between Env+ cells and CD4+ cells. However, the difference between X4 and R5 Env and the role of cellular receptors on such effect has not been fully characteri
HIV prevalence in Kenya since 1990 in view of determining whether the prevalence in Kenya has stabilized or is declining.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10013); Cheluget BK, Mwikya LM, Ngare CW, Barsigo AK, Chebet KL, Wandera CN; National AIDS/STD Control Program, Nairobi, Kenya; Sentinel Surveillance has been conducted in antenatal clinics since 1990. Initially there were 13 sites additional sites were added in 1995 to 22 sites and currently there are 35 sites, the new sites were added in the year 2001. METHOD: Sentinel Surveillance returns were received from the sites in the Natio
Comparison between anti-V3 serology and analysis for restriction fragment lengh polymorphism (RFLP) for identification of the Brazilian variant of subtype B (B-GWGR motif).: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10014); Komninakis SC, Fukumori LM, Montanheiro P, Duarte AJ, Casseb J; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil; To evaluate anti-V3 antibodies assays and RFLP for identification and discrimination of the Brazilian variant subtype B (B-GWGR motif). METHODS: Eighty three samples from HIV-1-infected individuals follow-up in the HC/FMUSP and Institute of Infectious Diseases Emilio Ribas , were studied. The V3 loop antibod
Insight into the mechanism of in-utero transmission of AIDS: cytokines expressed by the placenta trigger the replication of HIV-1 in trophoblastic cells.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10015); Vidricaire G, Tremblay MJ; Universite Laval, Ste-Foy, Canada; Maternal-infant transmission of HIV-1 is the primary cause of this retrovirus infection in children. The mechanism whereby HIV-1 crosses the placenta to reach the foetus remains poorly understood but the trophoblasts have been proposed to play a role. Given that the placenta is highly regulated via the expr
Relationship between tRNALys3 concentration, placement and viral infectivity in HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10016); Niu MJ, Cen S, Gabor J, Javanbakht H, Wainberg MA, Kleiman L;;; Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, Canada; During the assembly of HIV-1, tRNALys3 is packaged into the virus, and is annealed to the virus genome where it serves as the primer for reverse transcription of minus strand DNA. In this work, we investigate whether there is any relationship between viral tRNALys3 content and annealing of tRNALys3 to the R
Identification of HIV-1 spliced transcripts expressed in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10017); Sierra M, Thomson MM, Delgado E, Colomo C, Bru F, Carmona R, Cuevas L, Cuevas MT, Medrano L, Perez-Alvarez L, Vazquez-de Parga E, Villahermosa ML, Najera R; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain; The expression of the multiple HIV-1 alternatively spliced transcripts has been generally examined in vitro, and knowledge on their in vivo expression is scarce. METHODS: RNA was extracted from 24 uncultured PBMC samples from 16 HIV-1-infected individuals. Short transcripts, coding for nef, rev, tat, and vp
HIV enhances substance P expression in human immune cells.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10018); Li Y, Ho WZ, Lai JP, Douglas SD; Children's Hospital of pHiladelphia, Philadelphia, United States; Substance P (SP), the most potent member of tachykinin family, is a modulator of neuroimmunoregulation. We have demonstrated that human immune cells express SP and its receptor. In in vitro studies, it has been documented that SP is involved in the immunopathogenesis of HIV infection. We have recently obser
Discovery of speckles of crystalloid, fingerprints, plasmid-like structures and strange creatures with coffin raises the question: what is HIV virus?: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10019); Radovanovic J, Korac A, Jankovic-Hladni M, Koko V; Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Belgrade, Yugoslavia; Speckles, as morphological expression of nucleo-cytoplasmatic exchange is a term given by biochemics for Rev protein and a part of viral mRNA leaving nucleus. In order to investigate nuclei and cytoplasm of lymphocytes and monocytes of AIDS patients basic magnification of 30-50.000x was used. Immunological
A dynamic cost-benefit analysis of HIV/AIDS interventions for injecting drug users.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10020); Brent RJ; Fordham University, Bronx, New York, United States; A dynamic evaluation of a contagious disease recognizes that as diseases spread over time, so will the costs and benefits for interventions for the group affected vary over time. There will thus be a optimal sequence of interventions that need to be planned. For HIV/AIDS injection drug users (IDUs) the two
HIV-1 regulatory proteins (Nef, Tat, Rev, Vif, Vpu, Vpr)-CTL responses and epitope mapping in subtype A/E infected Thais with CD4>300 cells/mm3.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10021); Buranapraditkun S, Ruxrungtham K, Sirivichayakul S, Kosonsiriluk S, Kerdsanti S, Hansasuta P, Rowland-Jones S, Warachit P, Phanuphak P; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; There are no data on CTL responses against subtype A/E HIV-1 regulatory proteins. In addition, the HLA polymorphism among Thais is also remarkably different from the western cohorts. Our previous studies had identified a common new HLA C1 restricted subtype A/E gag epitope. Thus, CTL studies against HIV-1 s
Molecular viral analysis in a HIV2 infected heterosexual couple with distinct clinical outcomes.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10022); Lucas M, Sousa AE, Albuquerque A, Pina C, Barroso H, Taveira N, Victorino R; Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon, LIsbon, Portugal; HIV2 is much less transmissible than HIV1 and produces an immunodeficiency with a slower rate of clinical progression and lower viral replication rates expressed by a reduced number of plasmatic RNA/copies. We describe here different clinical outcomes in a HIV2 infected heterosexual couple with molecular ev
Peer education on HIV/AIDS and sex in secondary and higher secondary schools in Nepal: practicalities, problem and solutions.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10023); Gautam R, Timsina Y, Bhadra R, Rana B, Bista KP, Pokharel B; BP Memorial Health Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal; ISSUE: Peer education has emerged as a major strategy in prevention of HIV/STD infection and dealing with sex related issues in Nepal . The program has faced several problems in its implementation. More of our effort is needed to support this strategy to make the program more effective. DESCRIPTION: This program has de
STLV prevalences in wild primate populations in Cameroon: evidence for dual STLV-1 and STLV-3 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10024); Liegeois F, Auzel P, Dooren SV, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Abela B, Loul S, Pourrut X, Butel C, Courgnaud V, Vandamme A, Delaporte E, Peeters M;;; IRD/UR36, Montpellier, France; Three HTLV/STLV (PTLV) types have been characterized,with evidence for zoonotic origin from primates for HTLV-1 in Africa. To assess human exposure to STLVs in west central Africa, we screened for STLV infection monkeys and apes,hunted in the rainforests of Cameroon for bushmeat or kept as pets. Materials a
Sinusitis and AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10025); Farenzena PR; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Introduction: This study had the following objectives: a- Identify prevalent pathogens in symptomatic maxillary sinusitis in patients with AIDS. b- Determine the susceptibility of microorganisms to the various antimicrobial agents. c- Provide a study to guide the therapy of sinusitis in patients with AIDS. METHODS: The
Molecular characterization of transmission networks in Cuba.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10026); Resik S, Hoffman N, Ping LH, Pagan M, Perez J, Swanstrom R;;; Tropical Medicine Institute, Havana, Cuba; One important area of research in understanding the HIV-1 epidemic is in characterizing the natural history of the virus in the human population. Following virus evolution over time within an individual and determining the effects of transmission events on the nature of virus evolution are central component
Molecular evidence that polymorphisms in HIV-1 protease selected in patients on HAART can cause misunderstanding in the subtype caracterization by restriction analysis assay.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10027); Aleixo AW, Greco DB, Tanuri A; Immunology and Molecular Laboratory - School of Medicine, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; HIV-1 subtypes A, B, C, D and F have been reported in Brazil . We have investigated the subtype prevalence in a HIV-infected cohort on HAART from a Reference Center for AIDS in Belo Horizonte/Brazil using a combination of molecular screening assays and DNA sequencing. METHODS: 221 patients were segregated i
Evolution of viral populations in a rapid progressor dually infected with two distinct HIV-1 subtype C viruses.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10028); Grobler J, Papathanasopoulos MA, Rademeyer C, Cilliers T, Gray C, Ramjee G, Abdool-Karim S, Morris L, Williamson C; University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; We have been monitoring a cohort of female sex workers from KwaZulu/Natal, South Africa and have detected dual infection in one woman who died within two years from seroconversion. This study aims to monitor viral evolution before and after seroconversion, based on changes in the env and gag genes. METHODS:
Equivalent detection of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants in the Rakai district of Uganda by full length sequencing and by a multi-region hybridization assay (MHA).: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10029); Harris M, Wilson G, Kim B, Hoelscher M, Merling R, Serwada D, Sewankambo N, Wabwire F, Phillips J, Meehen M, Lutalo T, Kiwanuka N, Lane J, Gray R, Wawer M, Robb M, Birx D, McCutchan F; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD, United States; To determine the diversity of HIV-1 in Rakai, Uganda , full length sequencing was conducted because it is the gold standard for detection of recombinant HIV-1. A newly developed screening assay, the Multi-region Hybridization Assay (MHAacd) uses real time PCR to detect subtypes A, C, and D, which circulate
An integrated linux interface for the evolutionary analysis of HIV-1 and other microbial sequences.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10030); de Oliveira TP, Miller R, Cassol S; Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, UND, Durban, South Africa; Evolutionary analysis of viral and bacterial genomes requires multiple bioinformatics tools and specialized sequence datasets. Installing and learning software packages, locating and compiling large public databases is time-consuming and difficult. To develop an integrated Linux-based interface t
Assessing HIV-1 diversity and resistance to protease inhibitors in a sample of injection drug users (IDUs) of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10031); Teixeira SL, Bastos FI, Hacker M, Morgado MG, Telles PR; Lab. of AIDS &Molec. Immunol., Dept. of Immunol., Oswaldo Cruz Inst., Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; IDUs are a key source for the dissemination of HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistant variant viruses, due to their double-exposure to parenteral and sexually-transmitted infections and difficulties to comply with clinical follow-up. In a context of universal access to HAART and evolving therapies including
Fine mapping of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants from east Africa by a new Recombinant Breakpoint Analysis (RBA) Program.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10032); Dowling W, Harris ME, Hoelscher M, Murphy D, Elson L, Robb ML, Birx DL, McCutchan FE, Carr JK; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, United States; It is currently estimated that 30% of HIV-1 strains circulating in East Africa are unique inter-subtype recombinants combining subtypes A, C, and D in a variety of ways. Crossover points in inter-subtype recombinant strains have typically been mapped by Bootscan and Distance Scan with a sliding window of 30
Relationship of genetic diversity and viral setpoint in HIV-1 crf02-a/g-ibng-infected women in Dakar, Senegal.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10033); Mani I, Gilbert P, Sankale JL, Eisen G, Mboup S, Kanki PJ; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, United States; We examined the intrapatient diversity and divergence in 12 HIV-1 CRF02-A/G-IbNG-infected seroincident women in Dakar, Senegal , determined whether a viral setpoint kinetic pattern existed for A/G_IbNG in the disease-free interval, and correlated viral load level and diversity. Samples were drawn from consenting A/G_Ib
Analyses of the pol gene, and the V3 region of gp120 in recent and long term HIV positive anonymous testing clients in Santos, Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10034); Sucupira MC, Caseiro MM, Alves K, Sabino EC, Castelo-Filho A, Page-Shafer K, Diaz RS; USP and UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Although the benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are well established, its inappropriate use may lead to an incomplete suppression of viral replication and the emergence of drug-resistant variants. Surveillance for multi-drug resistance is important in order to prevent emerging clinical or public healt
High-resolution structure of HIV-1 protease quasispecies.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10035); Fernandez G, Clotet B, Martinez MA; Fundacio irsiCaixa. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain; We analyzed at high-resolution (1%) the genetic structure of two HIV-1 protease quasispecies obtained from two HIV-1 infected individuals. As it is well known, HIV-1 encoded protease is essential for the replication of the virus and has been extensively used as the target of HIV-1 therapeutics. Two antiretroviral naive
Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection in rural villages in the western province of Cameroon.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10036); Kenfack H, Zekeng L, Tongo M, Nanfack A, Shang J, Burda S, Mbah H, Agyingi L, Nyambi P; Laboratoire de Sante Hygiene Mobile, Yaounde, Cameroon; Cameroon a country known for its broad HIV-1genetic diversity has a relatively low seroprevalence compared with sub saharan african countries. Most studies have been carried out in urban areas,but information on HIV infection in rural villages as well as risk factors associated with transmission is sparse O
Polymorphism of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Brazil: Genetic characterization of the nef gene.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10037); Guimaraes ML, Moreira AS, Morgado MG; Lab. of AIDS &Molec. Immunol., Dept. of Immunol., Oswaldo Cruz Inst., FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Most of the Brazilian HIV-1 samples have been characterized based on the structural genes (env, gag and pol) and no data concerning the variability of the accessory genes such as nef has been available so far. Considering the role of the nef on virus biology and the inclusion of this region in some HIV/AIDS
Preliminary evidence for another HIV-1 circulating recombinant form containing segments from an unknown subtype.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10038); Snoeck J, Riva C, Carr JK, McCutchan FE, Vandamme AM; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Backgound: The high genetic diversity of HIV is well documented and has led to the classification of the virus into several genetic types and subtypes. Recombination between subtypes is frequently detected, and some key strains in the pandemic are circulating recombinant forms (CRF). A partial viral sequence from a pat
Molecular epidemiology and evolution of the HIV epidemic in Finland: effect of an outbreak among IDU in 1998.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10039); Salminen MO, Liitsola K, Holmstrom P, Brummer-Korvenkontio H, Ristola M, Sutinen J, Suni J, Zetterberg V, Leinikki P; National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300, Helsinki, Finland; In Finland , the incidence of reported HIV-1 infection associated with injecting drug use (IDU) remained very low until 1998. An outbreak among IDU in 1998 has almost doubled the yearly incidence of all reported cases. We showed earlier that the outbreak is caused by a point-source introduction of the CRF01
Variability in HIV-1 subtype C protease cleavage sites, an indication of viral fitness ?: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10040); Engelbrecht S, de Oliveira TP, Cassol S, Megede JZ, Barnett SW, van Rensburg EJ; University of Stellenbosch and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; HIV-1 subtype C viruses are the most commonly transmitted subtype worldwide and are causing explosive epidemics in Southern Africa, India and China . We hypothesize that the flexibility of the protease may be one of the factors enhancing the fitness of subtype C viruses.
Unusual NEF genotype found in a HIV-1 infected child with low viral replication during the first year of life.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10041); Cavalieri E, Costa LJ, Succi RC, Souza IE, Diaz RS, Machado DM;;; UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil; High level viral replication during the 1st year of life is the most frequent pattern described in HIV-1 infected children. This study describes a vertically HIV-1 infected child who presented a persistent low viral load (VL) up to 11 mo of age (median = 3500copies/ml). As shown previously, defective NEF pa
HHV-8 and Kaposi's sarcoma in the Naples hemophiliacs cohort.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10042); Buonaguro FM, Tornesello ML, Buonaguro L, Visciano ML, Martucci F, Rocino A, Miraglia E; Ist.Naz.Tumori Fond Pascale, Naples, Italy; Epidemic KS shows a low incidence in hemophiliacs ranging worldwide from 0 to 7% (5% in Italy ) [ENAADS, 95]. This retrospective study has been performed in order to evaluate the HHV8 prevalence, virus transmission rate and to characterize HHV8 isolates from Southern-Italy hemophiliacs. METHODS: 291 patient
Investigation of HHV-8 infection in HIV infected people in Istanbul, Turkey.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10043); Yilmaz G, Ozkan E; Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; The most common neoplasm in AIDS patients is Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is found to be responsible from KS. It is intended to investigate this newly identified virus in 50 HIV infected patients and 49 blood donors. For this purpose HHV-8 DNA was investigated in the peripheral blood mononuclear c
HIV producing cells are found in bone marrow of infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10044); Waase I, Trabert SC, Tenner-Racz K, Racz P, Manegold C, Dietrich M;;; Tropical Institute, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; The bone marrow is not a major reservoir of the HI-virus, as previously established. However, morphology as well as cell-production of bone marrow are affected frequently in HIV-infected patients. One undisclosed feature are cell aggregates, which are not to be distinguished morphologically. To investigate
Aging and HIV: building international coalitions, knowledge and commitment.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10045); Campbell JP; National Association on HIV Over Fifty, Kansas City, United States; Reviewing possible conference topics I felt forgotten, HIV+ and over fifty, heading a national organization, where did I fit? As the pandemic has spread we have focused on currently identified risk populations, missing some infected and affected. Issues of race, class, gender, xenophobia...has ageism been ignor
Effects of a conventional and a divergent antiretroviral combination on HIV-1 DNA Level-Trianon trial (ANRS 081).: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10046); Morand-Joubert L, Marcellin F, Launay O, Guiramand-Hugon S, Gerard L, Flandre P, Yeni P, Aboulker JP; Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France; Trianon trial compared prospectively conventional therapy (D4T/IDV/ 3TC , n=71) and triple divergent therapy (D4T/IDV/NVP, n=73). Patients (pts) were either naive, or pretreated with AZT +/-
HIV drug resistance genotyping with DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells: involvement of latently infected methylated proviral DNA.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10047); Kudo S, Yoshizumi S, Miyoshi M, Iki S, Sawada H, Yano S, Takahashi Y; Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Sapporo, Japan; The drug resistance mutations of HIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are sometimes distinct from those of plasma HIV. To explain this phenomenon, we investigated the genotype of HIV isolated by co-culturing patient PBMC with those of healthy donors. Furthermore, we analyzed the methylation
Importance of HIV infection suspicion in clinical examinations in Buenos Aires - Argentina.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10048); Rickard EE, Vilarino M, Abossio L, Fernandez G; Chief Virology and Biology Molecular Labs, Buenes Aires, Argentina; The optimal approach for diagnosis Primary HIV-1 Infection has not been defined. We intent to describe one case of Primary (HIV) Infection in a patients who had studies and symptoms consistent with Syphilis and Infectious Mononucleosis. To determine the usefulness of symptoms and virologic test f
Bystander CD4+ T lymphocytes survive in HIV-1 infected human lymphoid tissue.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10049); Grivel JC, Ito Y, Biancotto A, Margolis L; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States; Critical events in HIV disease occur in lymphoid tissue, where HIV-1 infection leads to a massive depletion of CD4+ T cells. While it is firmly established that HIV-1 kills the majority of infected cells, it remains controversial, whether and to what extent uninfected ( bystander ) cells are also killed. We
Histopathology of spinal TB granulomas in HIV positive and negative patients and the localized immunoreactivity of macrophages.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10050); Danaviah S, Naicker A, Govender S, Reddy R, Kumar K, Bishop K, Cassol S; Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa; BACKGROUND. Little is known about the mechanism of macrophage activation and the survival of the TB bacilli within these cells. In light of the excellent post-surgery clinical outcomes of spinal TB and HIV co-infected patients, a pilot investigation of the histopathology and the immunoreactivity of macrophages in the g
AIDS transgenic mice treated with a combination of stavudine, lamivudine and indinavir develop cardiomyopathy with increased cardiac mass.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10051); Lewis W;;; Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Long term side effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are more common because of increased AIDS survival and awareness of mitochondrial toxicity. HAART combinations have been implicated in cardiovascular changes of cardiomyopathy (CM) with increased left ventricle (LV) mass and decreased ca
Systemic delivery of TAT and the effects on the host and HIV replication.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10052); Lin XL, Kanazawa SK, Irwin DI, Peterlin BM; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States; The viral persistence in optimally treated HIV patients poses a major therapeutic problem. This state of viral latency is characterized by the lack of Tat phenotype, i.e. only promoter proximal transcription without evidence of transcriptional elongation is observed, which is the hallmark of Tat. Exogenous
Rhesus macaque model of simian-human immunodeficiency virus containing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C genes: in vitro titration, persistent infection but control of viremia upon one-year follow-up.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10053); Ndung'u T, Lu Y, Renjifo B, Touzjian N, Kushner N, Pena-Cruz V, Novitsky VA, Lee TH, Essex M; Harvard University, Boston, United States; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C is now responsible for the majority of infections in the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Although simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) chimeras have been important for the study of HIV-1 subtype B in rhesus monkeys, no analogous SHIV for HIV-1 subtype C is available fo
Construction of infectious EIAV vaccine and chimeric clones.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10054); He X, Fan XJ, Jia B, Xue F, Liu ZY, Zhao QB, Shen RX, Shao YM;;; National Center for AIDS Prevention and Control, Beijing, China; A Chinese live attenuated EIAV vaccine was developed in 1977. The vaccine had put the disease under control in China by immunizing more than 70 millions horses and donkeys in the last 2 decades. Being one of the 7 lentiviruses, the EIAV vaccine is used as a model to study the pathogenesis and the correlates
Central nervous system Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex infection in an HIV-positive patient.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10056); Fletcher VP, Schliep T, Schicchi J, Sadr WE; Division of Infectious Diseases, Harlem Hospital Center, New York, United States; Central nervous system (CNS) ring-enhancing lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may be caused by a number of pathogens including Toxoplasma gondi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is an uncommon cause of CNS lesions, and to our knowledge, the
Asymptomatic stage of HIV-1-infection: lack of association between peripheral load and attention / psychomotor speed.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10058); Canizares S, Blanch J, Raspall T, Rousaud A, Salamero M, Boget T, Garcia F, Gatell JM; Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clinica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Human Immunodeficiency Virus causes a range of neurobehavioural complications which compromise cognitive function. At symptomatic stages of the infection most studies agree on the findings of impaired performance on attention, psychomotor abilities, mental processing speed, and some aspects of memory and ex
Causes of mortality in hiv-infected patients heterozygous for the ccr5 delta32 mutation.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10059); Cone LA, Gade-Andavoul R, Espinosa G; Eisenhower Med Ctr, Rancho Mirage, CA, United States; An homogeneous delta 32 deletion of the CCR5 co-receptor for HIV-1entrance into the CD4+ lymphocyte and macrophages results in nearly universal resistance to HIV-1 infection, while the heterozygous mutant becomes infected but often is a long-term non-progressor and manifests higher CD4 cell counts and lower
HLA-B, HLA-DRB1, TNF-alpha and ccr5 ~ 32 allele and haplotype frequencies and susceptibility to HIV infection in Mexicans.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10060); Zuniga JA, Quiroz-Morales VS, Alvarado-Osuna DA, Vargas-Alarcon G, Granados J, Reyes-Teran G; Unit of Infectious Diseases for Immunocompromised Patient, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias., Mexico, Mexico; BACKGROUND. Several MHC loci have been involved with resistance to HIV infection or with different patterns of HIV-related disease progression. However, the alleles associated differ among several populations. To determine the MHC alleles and ccr5~32 gene deletion in a Mexican Mestizo (MM) HIV-infected cohor
Involvement of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Tuberculosis infection of HIV-1 seropositive patients as an AIDS-related illness.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10061); Fibla J, Barber Y, Nieto G, Velasco A, Rubio MC, Rubio M; Dep. CMB, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Host genetic factors play a crucial role in the susceptibility to infection and infectious disease progression. Vitamin-D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been involved in the susceptibility to Tuberculosis and Leprosy and, recently, in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progression. We have stud
HLA profile in Brazilian patients with AIDS and tuberculosis.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10062); Figueiredo JF, Rodrigues ML, Deghaide NH, Thomazini LC, Donadi EA; Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto - SP, Brazil; Studies carried out in different populations reported association between some HLA specificities and susceptibility to tuberculosis . The aim of this study was to investigate the class I and class II HLA profile in Brazilian patients with AIDS and tuberculosis. METHODS: Twenty-two adult patients with AIDS a
Novel CCR2 mutations and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in HIV infected Africans using a new comprehensive assay.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10063); Petersen DC, Zeier MD, Laten A, Grimwood A, Vardas E, Janse van Rensburg E, Hayes VM; Department of Medical Virology, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg Medical School, Cape Town, South Africa; A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at codon 64 in the CC chemokine receptor 2 gene (CCR2V64I), has been associated with a dominant effect of delaying disease progression from HIV-1 infection to AIDS. The aim of our study was to design a comprehensive mutation detection assay for the entire coding region
Mannose-binding lectin B Allele is associated with slower progression to AIDS in perinatally HIV-1 infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10064); Mangano A, Mecikovsky D, Kopka J, Batalla M, Ruvinsky S, Bologna R, Sen L; Hospital Nacional de Pediatria, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Host genetic background can influence susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and disease progression. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is recognized as an important factor of innate immunity. Three different mutations in the exon 1 of MBL gene lower serum concentration of MBL, which impair opsonisation and phagocito
Complex mutation spectrum of codon changes in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes, and genomic instability: in HIV-1 infected patients treated with HAART.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10065); McGhee EM, Voss JG, Holzemer WL; University, San Francisco, United States; Several studies have shown genetic damage and mutational changes in the virus profile can impair treatment of HIV-1 infection. Failure to adhere to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can lead to subtheraputic drug levels which has been associated with increased genotoxicity and drug resistance. We
The reson to join is establishing a research center ib Bangladesh.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10066); Haque M;;; Bangladesh; When the world is prevanting the HIV on that movment Bangladesh is not taken any big action aginest it. We are a NGO in bangladesh we like to arrange a Big Project for awarness HIV/AIDS, STD in Bangladesh. For our worker experiance bangladesh have alarge number of AIDS present. But we can not ideantify that, because we
Study of the presence of autoantibodies in Cuban HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10067); Alvarez AA, Molina RM, Veranes EV, Ponce de Leon OP, Luzardo CL;;; MINSAP, Habana, Cuba; The progression of HIV infection to AIDS is multi-factorial and it includes a great number of immunophatogenics mechanisms that participate exacerbating the immune disregulation. The production of autoantibodies (AAb) could offer significant examples of these mechanisms. In this work, we aim to evaluate the
Flowcytometric analysis of the subsets of peripheral blood CD4 positive cells in chronic HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10068); Fujii T, Takata N; Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; In well-controlled patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection by highly active anti-retroviral treatment, their CD4 positive cell(CD4+) counts usually increased. However, some patients have no increase of their CD4+ even if their viral loads (VLs) decrease to the undetectable level and are
Plasma soluble CCR5 -- a protective role in HIV infection?: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10069); Tsimanis A, Kalinkovich A, Barak K, Bentwich Z; R.Ben-Ari Institute of Clinical Immunology and AIDS Center, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Rehovot, Israel; CCR5 has a central role in determining susceptibility to HIV infection. The possibility that a soluble form of CCR5 (sCCR5) may be present in normal plasma and influence susceptibility or resistance to infection by HIV was therefore explored. METHODS: Levels of sCCR5 in plasma were assessed using a dual ant
HIV infection in multitransfused Thalassemics - A follow up report.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10070); Chowdhury PC;;; Institute of Child Health, kolkata, India; Routine maintenance protocol formulated by The TIF for multitransfused Thalssemics, they were tested for TTV namely Hepatitis B, C and HIV. Those found positive, we wanted to watch out for any deviation from the standard management protocol both for Thalassemia and HIV METHODS: 25 patients were tested by
Assessing the Importance of HIV Prevalence in Risk Prevention: An application of the Bernoulli Process Model of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10071); Sarr M;;; Westat, Inc, Rockville, MD, United States; To assess the importance of HIV prevalence as a determinant of HIV risk for individuals engaged in long-term monogamous relationship with a partner with an unknown HIV status. METHODS: The Bernoulli model of HIV transmission has been utilized to compute the risk of HIV infection. According to this model, th
A second order system approximation for virus dynamics.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10073); Jeffrey AM, Xia X, Craig IK; University of Pretoira, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; The mathematical models that adequately describe the interaction of the immune system with the HIV virus are complicated. As a result, analysis of these models in order to determine the extent to which the various parameters influence the virus dynamics is a very tedious exercise. The models therefore need
Study of mechanism of immune effects, anti-viral and anti-neoplastic action of bioactive components of the preparation Manaxx.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10074); Tsuprykov O, Panchenko V, Bazyka K, Klymenko E, Drannik G, Shtoda G;;; State Medical University, Donetsk, Ukraine; BACKGROUND. Lately the Ukrainian clinicians pay much attention to the preparation Manaxx (M) that is an alkaloid freeze dried extract out from the inner bark of peruvian liana Uncaria tomentosa. M is a complex of bioactive ingredients that acts as a natural anti-viral and immune system booster. It has been successfully
Study of complement system in HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10075); Yu CL, Negra MD, Grumach AS, Kirschfink M, Ferriani VP, Queiroz W; Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the complement system in HIV infected children, in different stages of infection. METHODS: The study included 127 perinatally HIV infected children, age from 11 to134 months (mean=59,2 mo); 62 were male and 65 female. The patients were classified according to the CDC cl
A new cell line-based neutralisation assay for primary HIV-1 isolates.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10076); Shi Y, Albert J, Francis G, Holmes H, Fenyo EM; Dept of Clinical Virology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute and Dept. of Virology, Lund University, Stockholm and Lund, Sweden; Simple and standardized assays for detection and quantification of neutralising antibodies to primary HIV-1 isolates are needed in research on HIV-1 vaccines and pathogenesis. METHOD: HIV-1 infected cells such as U87.CD4-CCR5 or U87.CD4-CXCR4 cells can form syncytia, i.e. plaques, which can be stained with
HIV neutralisation revisited: Slow disease progression associated with cross-neutralising activity and neutralisation escape.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10077); Fenyo EM, Shi Y, Karlsson A, Leitner T, Albert J; MMDI, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Studies on the role of neutralising antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection were limited by the lack of simple assays for HIV-1 neutralisation. We have developed a plaque reduction assay based on syncytia formation of HIV-1 primary isolates in a human cell line engineered to expr
Antibody-mediated neutralization against dual tropic viruses depends on coreceptor usages.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10078); Kimura T, Yoshimura H, Koito A, Matsushita S; Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; It is said that neutralization against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is unaffected by the coreceptor used in previous reports. Now we report the evidence that antibody-mediated neutralization against dual tropic viruses depends on coreceptor usages when we used monoclonal antibodies and corece
IgA purified from serum of patients with primary HIV-1 infection can neutralize an R5, but not an X4 primary isolate.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10079); derlund J, Andersson J, Maseruka H, Ait-Khalid M, Goh LE, Broliden K; Karolinska Institutet/Huddinge University hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; In the present study we have characterized the IgA response retrospectively in sera of patients with primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) taken at the onset (day 1) of HAART ( Combivir / Abacavir /
Three years long follow up of immunological reconstitution in HIV-1 infected patients treated with HAART.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10080); Skokanova V, Spala J, Machala L, Stankova M, Rozsypal H; Dept. of Immunology, Regional Hygienic Station, Prague, Czech Republic; to analyze the immunological reconstitution in 10 HIV-1 positive patients six, eighteen and thirty months after initiation of HAART. METHODS: we assessed and characterized changes in expression of IL-4 and IFN-gamma on CD4+T lymphocytes and number of T cells during HIV-1 infection in patients before HAART a
Magnitude and breadth of pediatric CD8+ T cell responses against HIV are critically influenced by age, viral load and CD4 counts.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10081); Sandberg JK, Fast NM, Jordan KA, Furlan SN, Barbour J, Fennelly G, Dobroszycki J, Wiznia A, Spiegel HM, Rosenberg MG, Nixon DF; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, United States; The immunology of HIV transmission from mother-to-infant differs from that of adult infection in that the immune system of the newborn child is not fully matured. The factors that influence cellular immune responses against HIV in children is largely unknown, although this route of transmission is still com
Interferon-[gamma] production by human lymphocytes treated with regulatory RNA from mice immunized with a synthetic peptide of HIV-1: role of the RNA-dependent protein kinase.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10082); Lucca FL, Sales VS, Souza LR, Watanabe MA; School of Medicine University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto - SP, Brazil; Recent studies indicate that regulatory RNAs are involved in the regulation of gene expression. We previously showed that p9-RNA isolated from animals immunized with the synthetic peptide p9 of HIV-1 induces immunological effects and acts as a regulatory RNA. In this study, we examined the ability of p9-RNA
Comparisons of cellular immune responses in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10083); Jaye A, Sarge-Njie R, Schim van der Loeff M, Todd J, Jallow S, Alabi A, Sabally S, Whittle HC; MRC Laboratories, Banjul, Gambia; To gain insight into mechanisms of long-term non-progression in HIV-2 as few HIV-2 infected individuals progress to AIDS compared to HIV-1infection. METHODS: We compared the cellular immune responses between the two infections in 35 HIV-2 and 28 HIV-1 asymptomatic subjects who had CD4 counts >20%. We assesse
Vaccinia virus stimulated ELISPOT assays in HIV-1 exposed infants.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10084); Slyker JA, Lohman BL, Rowland-Jones S, Richardson B, Mbori-Ngacha D, Obimbo E, Bwayo JJ, John-Stewart G; University of Washington, Seattle, United States; Vaccinia virus stimulated enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays are an attractive alternative to HLA-matched peptide assays because neither HLA type nor viral epitopes need to be identified. Vaccinia ELISPOT may be a useful tool for examining HIV specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses of HIV-1
Specific CD8+ cell response in primary HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10085); Kamkamidze GK, Butsashvili MJ; Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, IDACIR Center., Tbilisi, Georgia; One of the mechanisms of failure of the immune response directed toward elimination of HIV from the human organism is thought to be the inadequate control of HIV replication by specific CD8+ T cells at the early stage of HIV infection. METHODS: 7 patients with primary HIV infection (group 1) and 10 with asy
HIV-specific immune responses in subjects stopping antiretrovirals (AR) after HAART intensification, macrophage stimulation and initiation of therapeutic vaccination (Remune) in chronic HIV infection. CTN 140 study.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10086); Bernard NF, Chung F, Merchant A, Loignon M, Zarowny D, Toma E;;; McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada; In chronically HIV-infected adults HAART results in significant clinical and immunologic benefits but does not prevent viral rebound when interrupted. Hypothesis: Intensification of an optimal HAART, use of GM-CSF and Remune before stopping HAART might boost HIV-specific immunity and lead to a partial conta
P24 gag-specific t helper responses are not negatively associated with viremia in c-clade infected South African Zulu adults.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10087); Ramduth D, Govender U, Mngqundaniso N, Chetty P, Coovadia HM, Addo M, Altfeld M, Brander C, Walker B, Goulder P, Kiepiela P; University of Natal, NRMSM, Durban, South Africa; Studies of B clade infected Caucasians have indicated the central role of HIV-specific p24 Gag-specific T helper responses in the successful control of viraemia. No data is available to address the role of T helper activity in C clade infection. METHODS: Overlapping peptides spanning p24 Gag were synthesise
The magnitude of HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses is not negatively associated with viremia in c-clade infected South African Zulu adults.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10088); Mngqundaniso N, Govender U, Ramduth D, Chetty P, Tang Y, Addo M, Altfeld M, Brander C, Coumi N, Walker B, Coovadia HM, Kiepiela P, Goulder P; University of Natal, NRMSM, Durban, South Africa; Analyses of B clade infected Caucasians have described a negative association between HIV Gag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) numbers and the level of viraemia. Particular Gag-specific epitopes commonly targeted depend upon the HLA class I molecules prevalent in that population. METHODS: Gag-specific
Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) effects on T lymphocytes in HIV-uninfected care workers who had received antiretroviral post exposure prophylaxis (PEP).: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10089); Cacao F, Orii N, Boszczowski I, Volpato AP, Abboud C, Medeiros LM, Veiga AP, Casseb J, Duarte AJ; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil; To study the effect of ART on T cells counts in individuals had indication for PEP. METHODS: Individuals who received PEP assisted at the Ins. Emilio Ribas were recruited from October 2000 until December 2001. PEP included AZT plus 3TC
Persistent cellular immune responses to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-1 infected African children.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10090); Sutton JK, Appay V, Seneviratne S, Marchant A, Cross AM, Ogola S, Musoke R, D'Agostino A, Rowland-Jones SL, Chakraborty R;;; Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Both HIV-1 and CMV result in chronic infection and may induce strong cellular immune responses. CMV is implicated as a cofactor in the progression of HIV-1 disease, but the immune response to CMV itself in the context of HIV infection is not well characterised. Here we aimed to study the immune response to
Antigenic stimulation influences HIV specific T cells responses in individuals receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy during primary infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10091); Lacabaratz-Porret C, Doisne JM, Deveau C, Rouzioux C, Goujard C, Meyer L, Delfraissy JF, Venet A, Sinet M; INSERM E0109, Kremlin Bicetre, France; Specific immune CD4+ and CD8+ anti-HIV T cell responses were evaluated in 62 subjects with primary HIV-1 infection included in the French PRIMO Cohort and were compared to changes in virological responses after initiation of HAART. METHODS: HIV p24 specific CD4+ T cell responses were evaluated using lymphop
HIV-1 Clade C-infected HLA-A3002 African adults do not exhibit cross clade recognition.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10092); Govender UG, Kiepiela P, Mnqgundaniso NC, Ramduth D, Coovadia HM, Altfeld M, Addo M, Brander C, Walker BD, Goulder PJ, Chetty P; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa; In order to prepare for future vaccine trials, there is a need to investigate the extent of cross-clade immune responses in HIV-1 infected persons. The objectives of this study were to determine whether 5 new HLA-A3002 Clade B and C restricted epitopes were recognised: a) in Clade C HLA-A30 African patients
Analysis of T lymphocytes response to HIV immunodominant epitopes and dendritic cells function in a Ivory Coast cohort of HIV-positive subjects.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10093); Sacchi A, Martino A, Cairo C, Gioia C, Amicosante M, Cappelli G, Chenal H, Pucillo LP, Colizzi V, Vendetti S, Montesano C;;; National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'L.Spallanzani', Rome, Italy; CTL response in HIV infection fails to control the infection completely. In this, a role seems to be played by CD4+ T lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DC) in generating an environment that maintains an efficient cytotoxic anti-HIV specific response. In this study we characterised, in a cohort of HIV-infected
Effector function of HIV specific CD8 T cells of HIV infected children.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10094); Haridas V, Kapadia S, Chitnis V, McCloskey TW, Pahwa S; North Shore-LIJ Research Institute, Manhasset, NY, United States; CTLs in HIV infection mediate their antiviral function through secretion of IFN[gamma] and of cytolytic molecules, mainly granzyme and perforin. CD27 is a marker that has been utilized to distinguish memory (CD27+) from effector (CD27-) subsets of CD8 T cells. The aim of this study was to characterize CD8 T
A novel enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-K562 flow cytometric method for measuring natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxic activity in HIV-1 infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10095); Kantakamalakul W, Jaroenpool J, Jongrakthaitae S, Pattanapanyasat K; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Although the standard chromium (51Cr) release assay has been the method of choice for studying natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxic activity in vitro, many unfavorable characteristics of chromium still exist including short half-life, high cost, health risk, and spontaneous release of 51Cr from target cells.
LPS-stimulated chemotatic factor in serum samples from HIV-1-infected children under antiretroviral treatment.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10096); Bellinati-Pires R, Oliveira CA, Rossini MA, Ribeiro GM, Xavier DH, Macellaro MT, Santos MC, Campos NC, Ueda M; Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Phagocyte dysfunctions with progression of HIV infection in children and adults have been reported. In spite of the controversies concerning the alteration on the functions of polymorph nuclear and mononuclear lineage of the phagocyte cells, substantial evidence supports the concept that serum proteins alte
Survival of end stage AIDS patients receiving oral HIV vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10097); Metadilogkul O, JIrathitikal V, Bourinbaiar AS; Occupational and Environmental Medicine Association of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand; The prevailing majority of HIV-infected individuals have no access to antiviral drugs which could prolong life. V-1 Immunitor (V1) is an experimental, polyvalent, oral AIDS vaccine manufactured in Thailand and has been used as a therapeutic modality by over 50,000 HIV-positive Thai patients since June, 2001
The effects of HAART on immunophenotypic markers and viral load in perinatally infected antiretroviral naive children in Brazil, a 48 week follow up study.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10098); Condack CE, Eloi-Santos S, Aleixo A, Pinto JA; Department of Pediatrics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; OBJECTIVES. To date there is scant data on immune reconstitution (IR) in children, specially in developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate IR and viral load (VL) in perinatally Brazilian infected children on HAART. METHODS. 17 perinatally HIV-1 infected children are being followed for 48 weeks for virologic (NA
The potential for immune reconstitution in HIV-infected individuals receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) who achieve virologic suppression.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10099); Smith CJ, Sabin CA, Lampe F, Madge S, Cozzi-Lepri A, Youle M, Gumley H, Johnson M, Phillips AN; Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom; BACKGROUND-While the short-term immune response of patients on HAART is well documented, less is known of the potential for long-term reconstitution. We studied immune response to HAART in therapy-naive patients whose viral loads remain
Indirect evidence of TH1 and TH2 cytokines equilibrium restoration and significant opportunistic affections reduction in HIV-1 patients treated by IM28, a DHEA analog.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10100); Mavoungou D, Maka G, Ongali B;;; CRPH, Libreville, Gabon; TH1 and TH2 cytokines disequilibrium was described in HIV infections and opportunistic affections while DHEA is known to prevent that disorder. The present study is to verify the effect of IM28 in HIV-1 infected patients with traditional opportunistic affections such as Tuberculosis. IM28 is much less toxic
Dynamics of the recovery of minor CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets during HAART.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10101); Taskov H, Michova A, Dimitrov S, Nikolova M, Kostov K, Valkova I, Jankova M; National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria; Supression of HIV replication by antiretroviral therapy is accompanied by a reduction of the immune activation and reconstitution of the CD4 and CD8 cell compartments. The aim of the present investigation was to analyse the recovery dynamics of naive, memory and effector CD4 and CD8 T cells during HAART. ME
IL-2 therapy with HAART improves CD8+ cell non-cytotoxic anti-HIV responses in primary HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10102); Martinez-Marino B, Hecht FM, Kahn JO, Levy JA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States; CD8+ cells from healthy HIV-1 infected subjects suppress HIV replication in CD4+ cells by a non-cytotoxic mechanism (CNAR). Previous studies in our laboratory have shown a reduction in CNAR from recently infected individuals after prolonged highly active antiviral therapy (HAART). The present study evaluate
Long term effect of HAART in immune reconstitution in naive patients receiving initial PI or NNRTI based regimens.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10103); Kotsini V, Arvanitis M, Atsali C, Kapsimali V, Georgiou O, Psarra A, Boutsikakis I; Hellenic Centre for Infectious Diseases Control, Athens, Greece; this retrospective study investigates the effect of HAART on immune reconstitution through CD4 counts increase despite the plasma viremia and comparison of CD4 counts in patients receiving PI based or NNRTI based regimens. METHOD: 89 patients who initiated PI plus 2NRTI regimens and 49 patients who initiate
Immune restoration syndrome. Twelve cases in the CISIH Sud Est Francilien.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10104); Dellion S;;; Hospital, Villeneuve St Georges, France; In the first monthes of HAART institution in HIV infected patients, unexpected pathological events sometimes occur. Immune restoration, with increasing CD4 cell counts, allows sometimes the development of paradoxical opportunistic infection and clinical expression of specific inflammation. Since we largely use HAART in
Brucella agglutination tests in AIDS cases suffering from long continued fever.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10105); Das S, Das PK;;; Peerless Hospital, Kolkata, India; Recently many cases of human brucellosis caused by B. abortus were reported by us from Kolkata and it was found that 34% patients suffering from long continuous fever in this locality and who were not responding to conventional treatment were due to brucellosis. Thus we were interested to find out whether A
CD4+ T cell proliferation to HIV antigens is not predictive of restriction of viral replication.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10106); Tilton JC, Iyasere CA, Shupert WL, Migueles SA, Laborico AC, Connors M; National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, United States; Patients with progressive HIV infection have greatly diminished proliferative responses to viral antigens despite persistence of significant frequencies of HIV-specific CD4+ T cells. It has been suggested that strong HIV-specific CD4+ T cell responses to viral antigens cause restriction of virus replication
HIV infection induces a quantitative and qualitative impairment of thymic function that is partially restored under HAART.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10107); Dion ML, Bordi R, Poulin JF, Sylvestre M, Woods R, Montaner J, Sekaly RP, Cheynier R; Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Canada; Thymic function is markedly reduced during chronic HIV infection. While HAART treatment partially restores the ability of the thymus to produce naive T cell, the diversity of these newly produced cells remains to be addressed. We have developed a PCR based assay aimed at analyzing thymic output diversity th
Cytokine profile in patients with HIV infection and opportunistic infections.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10108); Agarwal SK, Makhija A, Anuradha S, Singh NP, Baveja UK, Kapoor AK;;; Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, New Delhi, India; Alterations in the cytokine profile of HIV patients with and without opportunistic infections in a tertiary care hospital of Delhi, India was studied. METHODS: CD4 cell counts and Cytokine profile (Type 1 -IL -2,IL 12 and IFN gamma and Type 2- IL4, 6,10 and TNF alpha) were studied in 80 patients with confir
Pregnancy, HIV-infection and immune responses.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10109); Fiore S, Newell ML, Trabattoni D, Savasi V, Tibaldi C, Lanzani C, Clerici M; Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology,ICH,UCL, London, United Kingdom; Background HIV infected pregnant women treated with ART are at increased risk of premature delivery. Type 2 cytokines are necessary for a successful pregnancy. A shift from Type 1 to Type 2 cytokines in HIV infection indicates progression of disease, while antiretroviral therapy (ART) aims to reverse this shift. Method
Improvement of cytokine production in bone marrow of HIV-infected subjects during HAART.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10110); Isgro A, Aiuti A, Mezzaroma I, Pinter E, Mazzone AM, Aiuti F; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Univ. La Sapienza, Rome, Italy; HIV-1-infected patients frequently exhibit hematological abnormalities, in addition to the loss of CD4+ T cells. Taking in account the hypothesis that an altered secretion of cytokines may be relevant for the development of HIV-associated hematological abnormalities, we have investigated the effects of HAAR
Role of TGF-[beta]1 in the immunological response secondary to HAART treatment.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10111); Gutierrez C, Peraire J, Vilades C, Broch M, Vidal F, Richart C; Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain; Transforming Growth Factor-[beta]1 (TGF-[beta]1) is a cytokine which strongly inhibits T cell proliferation. There have been contradictory results regarding its role in the immuneproliferative response of HIV-1 infected patients. We have evaluated the possible implication of this cytokine in the immunologic
Syncytia induction and Stromal cell-derived factor-1 chemokine gene variant in the HIV-1 infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10112); Watanabe MA, Andre ND, Oliveira KB, Oliveira CC, Miranda HC, Munhoz E, Milanezi CM, Delgado MO, Covas DT, Kashima S; Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil; Stromal-derived factor (SDF-1) is the principal ligand for CXCR4, a co-receptor with CD4 for T lymphocyte cell line-tropic human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1). A common polymorphism, SDF1-3 A, was identified in an evolutionary conserved segment of 3 untranslated region of the SDF-1 structural gene t
Low-level alpha-1-antitrypsin in serum of hiv-infected patients demonstrates progression of disease.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10113); Papuashvili MN, Savitskaya J, Kostrikin D, Novokhatsky A; PhD, Moscow, Russian Federation; Several observations suggest the existence of potent endogenous suppressors of HIV-1. Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) is the most abundant circulating serine protease inhibitor, which reduces HIV replication in vitro. The aim of the study was to investigate the AAT level at different stages of HIV infection among
Reduced in vitro release of the urokinase receptor in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10114); Sondergaard SR, Piironen T, Hoyer-Hansen G, Pedersen BK, Ullum H;;; Dept. of Inf. Dis., Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; High blood levels of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) were recently found to be a strong and independent predictor of mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infected patients (HIV+ patients). This study aimed to describe whether the high blood levels of suPAR in HIV+
Usefulness of CD4+:CD8+ratioas prognostic marker in HIV infected population in India.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10115); Surana A, Kanswal S, Vajpayee M, Seth P; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; The kinetics of HIV disease progression varies and is different in different individuals. Estimation of the CD4 counts is an important and specific surrogate marker for staging the infection and monitoring HIV infected patients. Further the CD4/CD8 ratio is considered to be more sensitive indicator of HIV i
Analysis of Bcl-2 expression during effective Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy with varying degrees of immune-reconstitution.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10116); Uccelli MC, Airo P, Torti C, Castelli F, Cologni G, Patroni A, Casari S, Carosi G; Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) induces a complete control of viral replication however this not invariably confer immunological benefit. We have previously demonstrated that Bcl-2 expression increases during HAART in CD4 subpopulations. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to explore whether Bcl-2 expressi
Similar degrees of immune activation are present in geographically diverse areas of the world. Immunological analyses in HIV-infected individuals from Mumbay (India) and Cotonou (Republic of Benin).: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10117); Biasin M, Rossi S, Trabattoni D, Saresella M, Ferrante P, Rizzardini G, Deshmuks R, Deshpande A, Clerici M; University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Environmental factors present in different developing countries could result in a paradoxical activation of the immune system and could be associated with higher susceptibility to HIV infection and a faster rate of disease progression. METHODS: Immunophenotipic analyses were performed in Indian (IN; N=10) a
A sensitive, whole blood, recombinant vaccinia virus-based assay to enumerate HIV-specific CD8 T cells.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10118); Hanekom WA, Truong J, Larsson M, Haslett P, Kaplan G, Bhardwaj N; Rockefeller University, New York, United States; HIV-specific CD8 T cells may be detected with flow cytometry as IFN-[gamma] producing cells after stimulating whole blood with HIV peptide fragments. We aimed to develop a similar whole blood intracellular cytokine (ICC) assay to quantitate specific CD8 T cells activated by recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV
Immunophenotyping and expression of surface activation markers on T cells in persons co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and mycobacterium tuberculosis.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10119); Rodrigues DS, Cunha RM, Salomao R, Kallas EG; Federal Univ. of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Tuberculosis is recognized as one of the most important opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. The interaction of these two pathogens and its consequences in the immune response still a matter of investigation and debate. METHODS: We evaluated the CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes cell counts, naive and memor
Retroviral inactivation in blood: HIV as a model system.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10120); Dudani AK, Fliss H; Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Canada, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University Of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; One current priority is to develop agents that can neutralize retroviruses like HIV in blood and blood products. A number of proteins in all retroviruses contain conserved cysteine-rich regions which are essential for infection & replication. Agents which show selective reactivity with these regions may
Efaverinz produces a more rapid CD4 response than Nevirapine in treatment naive HIV infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10121); Siddig M, Schmid M, Snow MH, Ong EL; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, United Kingdom; Concerns regarding protease inhibitor related metabolic changes have resulted in significant shifts in treatment practices of HIV infected individuals. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of NNRTI based regimens in our treatment naive cohort, and to identify possible differences between
Patients of Yamanite origin are at increased risk for severe Nevirapine rash.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10122); Levi I, Regev - Yochai G, David DB; Infectious Disease Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel; Nevirapine is a nonnucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI) used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs in HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy). It s most common side effect is rash that in up to 3% of patients taking the drug can be severe. In our clinical experience we have noted more frequent epis
Interest of therapeutic drug monitoring of the HIV-protease inhibitor ritonavir in clinical practice.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10123); Urso-Baiardo L, Kim I, Bourez JM, Brousseau T, Briand G, Mouton Y; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, CH, Tourcoing, France; Previous studies of HIV-infection have shown a relationship between ritonavir plasma concentrations and both efficacy and tolerance. Our purpose was to evaluate the ability of a single ritonavir plasma determination to predict the therapeutic outcome of HIV infected patients. METHODS: In the present study,
The efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir in multiple PI/NNRTI experienced patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10124); Ong EL, Mustafa M, Drew Y, Thaker H, Price DA, Snow M, Schmid M; Consultant Physician in Infectious Disease, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon tyne, United Kingdom; Therapy failure to multiple HAART combinations is frequent and demands antiretroviral drugs with greater potency than former drugs. This study was undertaken toreview the efficacy of lopinavir/ ritonavir (LPV/r). METHODS: All HIV patients on LPV/r for at least three months duration and who had experienced v
Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir in pluriexperienced HIV-infected patients : clinical and immunological follow up.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10125); Guazzi V, Pinter E, Milito C, Cascioli C, Barbone B, Mezzaroma I, Aiuti F; Div. of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Univ. La Sapienza, Rome, Italy; The aim of this study was to examine the clinical and immunovirological response of lopinavir/ ritonavir treatment in a cohort of pluriexperienced HIV-infected patients. METHODS: 37 patients belonging to stage B or C were enrolled (27 males and 10 females). No opportunistic infections were present at baseli
Indinavir 400 mg BID, an adequate PI dose in combination with Ritonavir 100 mg BID -- Results of therapeutic drug monitoring.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10126); Nilsson A, Sandstrom E, Bratt G, Stahle L; Venhalsan, Soder Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Unboosted indinavir (IDV) requires TID dosing and food-restrictions. Ritonavir (RTV) boosting makes it possible to administrate IDV BID without food-restrictions. Currently a dose of 800mg BID is recommended. This has been reported to have a high antiviral efficacy but also a high rate of adverse reactions.
Quantification of plasma and intracellular HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir by competitive Elisa.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10127); Akeb F, Ferrua B, Creminon C, Roptin C, Grassi J, Guedj R, Garraffo R, Azoulay S, Duval D; Universite Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France; Successful HIV treatment is critically dependent on drug potency, viral susceptibility, and, drug exposure and numerous studies have shown that both drug exposure and drugs levels correlate with clinical reponse. In order to improve the extend and the duration of antiretroviral activity and clinical benefit
Efficacy of regimes containing Lopinavir/ritonavir (KaletraÂ®) in highly protease inhibitor- experienced HIV+ patients. Six months follow-up.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10128); Tural C, Fuster D, Ballesteros A, Alcalde C, Guerola R, Sirera G, Romeu J, Negredo E, Tor J, Rey-Joly C, Ruiz L, Clotet B; AIDS Unit/ Servei de M. Interna, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra. Canyet s/n, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain; There is no wide information about the efficacy of KaletraÂ® containing regimens in heavily Protease inhibitor (PI) experienced HIV+ patients (pts). Patients and METHODS: One hundred and twelve consecutive pts were analysed with a 24 week (w) follow-up. All pts had been treated previously with at least 3
Correlation between the anti-HIV potency of CADA derivatives and their ability to down-modulate the CD4 receptor.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10129); Vermeire K, Bell TW, Clercq ED, Schols D; Rega Institute, K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Cyclotriazadisulfonamide (CADA), a novel antiviral, with activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human herpesvirus type 7 (HHV-7), was shown to specifically down-modulate the cellular CD4 receptor, the main receptor needed for cellular entry of HIV and HHV-7. Furthermore, CADA did not affect
Synthesis and Anti-HIV Activity of Astragalan Sulfate Containing Azidothymidime (AZT).: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10130); Borjihan G, Liu GG, Baigude H, Nakasima H, Uryu T; Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Mongolian Medicine at Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; It is known that 3 -azido-2 , 3 -dideoxythymidine ( AZT ) is a potential inhibitor of HIV. It was revealed that the long-term administration of AZT produces AZT-resistant viruses which have remarkably low sensitivity against AZT, and cause toxic side effects. Therefore, it is desirable to find a prodrug con
Novel Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors(RRIs) Trimidox(TX), Didox(DX) and Hydroxyurea(HU) Enhance the Anti-viral Activity of Abacavir(ABC) in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10131); Sumpter LR, Inayat MS, Elford HL, Gallicchio VS; University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, United States; Inhibiting cellular deoxynucleotide synthesis to impair HIV replication has gained acceptance based on clinical trials in which the activity of the reverse transcriptase inhibitor(RTI) ddI was enhanced by the RR inhibitor HU. Enhancement of other RTIs by HU has not been shown in vivo.
Impact of acute vivax malaria on the immune system and viral load of HIV-positive subjects.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10133); Chen XP, Xiao BQ, Shi WJ, Xu HF, Gao K, Rao JL, Zhang ZB; Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China; In our previous studies there was an increase in total trend of CD4 cell counts in HIV-positive subjects during two years follow up to malariotherapy (therapeutic acute vivax malaria). METHODS: In present study, therapeutic acute vivax malaria was induced and terminated after 10 fever episodes in 12 HIV-1-i
Enhanced spontaneous apoptosis of CD4+ lymphocytes in Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infected (FIV+), Specified Pathogen Free (SPF) Cats, treated with the immune modulator, Betasitosterol/Betasitosterol glucoside (MODUCARETM).: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10134); Lamprecht JH, Bouic PJ, Freestone M, Austin M, Clark A, Brittle W;;; Department of Pharmacology, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa; The effects of FIV infection and drugs on the immune system can be studied in the absence of infective stimuli in a SPF cat colony. A comparative, single measurement study in FIV+, SPF cats, reporting on the correlation between spontaneous apoptosis and other parameters was recently presented. This study wa
Human monoclonal antibodies against Tat: extra and intracellular activities.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10135); Moreau E, Desgranges C;;; INSERM EMI9932, Paris, France; To block Tat activity in both infected cells (viral RNA production transactivation) and non infected cells (T-cell apoptosis, immune suppression) is important for future therapeutic purposes and vaccines. METHODS: A combinatorial library of IgG single-chain fragment variable (scFv) was prepared from PBMCs o
HIV-1 Genotypic drug resistance testing in Remune-treated subjects.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10136); Chantratita W, Sukeepaisarncharoen W, Churdboonchart V, Sirawaraporn W, Kulpradist S, Isarangkura Na Ayudthya B, Chandeying V, Rugpao S; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Genotyping identifies mutations in the genetic code of HIV-1 associated with drug resistance. The genotypic assay monitors the emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 in infected patients. For study 2101B, we wanted to determine the role of resistance and maximize the number of active antiretroviral drugs for an
Normalization of elevated liver enzymes due to V-1 Immunitor therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10137); Jirathitikal V, Srethrabutr M, Bourinbaiar AS; Immunitor Company, Ltd., 71 Moo 5, Bangpakong Industrial Park, Takarm, Bangpakong, Thailand; Currently there are two major types of hepatitis viruses of particular concern, i.e., B and C, which affect over 500 million individuals worldwide. However, no effective and at the same time non-toxic therapy is available for chronic hepatitis - a serious and potentially life-threatening disease. Many clini
HIV-1 and HIV-2 chimeric lentiviral vectors for gene therapy and gene function identification.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10138); Arya SK, D'Costa J, Cho J, Bankiewicz K, Major E; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; A steady progress has been made in improving lentiviral vectors for gene therapy. With the rapid progress in genomics and the ability of lentiviral vectors to transduce dividing and non-dividing cells, these vectors may be useful in functional gene identification. The HIV-1 and HIV-2 lentiviral vectors have
Engraftment and development of HGTV43-transduced CD34+ PBSC in HIV-1 seropositive individuals.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10139); Liu D, Conant MA, Cowan MJ, Laurence J, Eden C, Dunn E, Thalenfeld BE, Engelhardt DL; Enzo Therapeutics, Inc., New York, United States; HIV-infected subjects who have undergone one-time ex vivo CD34+ stem cell (PBSC) transduction and transplantation continue to produce cell populations expressing anti-HIV-1 antisense RNA up to 24 months post infusion. Successful engraftment is demonstrated by detection of anti-HIV-1 RNA in bone marrow CD34+ cells. The
Immunization against HIV-1-derived antigens using retroviral pseudotype vectors.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10140); Neumann J, Stitz J, Schmitt I, nig R, Steidl S, Cichutek K, Flory E;;; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Langen, Germany; In order to develop tools for an efficient immunisation against HIV-1, we generated a [MLV(HIV-1)] vector which transfers HIV-1-derived genes into CD4+ primate cells. A bi-cistronic MLV-derived, ~+-transfer vector encompassing the HIV-1 genes tat, rev and env originating from the pathogenic SHIV-89.6P and, in addition,
MLV/HIV-1 and MLV/SIVagm hybrid viruses are not replication competent.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10141); Steidl S, Stitz J, Schweizer M, Cichutek K; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Langen, Germany; HYPERLINKHYPERLINK [MLV(HIV-1)] and [MLV(SIVagm)] pseudotype vectors have been generated for the specific transduction of CD4-positive human lymphocytes expressing CXCR4 or CCR5 chemokine receptors (Schnierle et al., PNAS 94; Stitz et al., Virology 267; Steidl et al., submitted). In the respective stable or transiently
Evaluationof new adjuvants for DNA-nef vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10142); Andronovskaja IB, Krivorutchenko YL, Grishkovetz VI, Pertel SI, Hinkula J, Chirva VY, Wahren B; Crimean Medical University, Simferopol, Ukraine; The immunogenisity of genetic vaccines may be enchanced by immunologic adjuvants such as saponin QS21, monofosphoryl lipid A or Montanide. Adjuvant abilities of two anomeric MDP derivatives and saponinTaurosid I were studied with plasmid DNA encoding HIV-1 Nef regulatory protein. METHODS: 30Âµg/mouse of p
Oral administration of recombinant adeno-associated virus elicits protective immunity against HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10144); Xin K, Mizukami H, Hamajima K, Ozawa K, Okuda K; Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan; To study the ability of an adeno-associated virus vector expressing the env gene from HIV-1 (AAV-HIV) to induce a protective mucosal immune response when administered orally was studied. METHODS: A single dose of 1010 particle AAV-HIV vector was orally administered into BALB/c mice. HIV-specific serum IgG t
Immunological properties of HIV-1 env gene based DNA vaccines.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10145); Murashev BV, Murasheva IV, Kreslavskiy TY, Romanovich AE, Klimov NA, Kozlov AP; Biomedical Center, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; OBJECTIVES: The development of plasmids basing on the LAI HIV-1 env gene and differing in the number of encoded cytotoxic epitopes. Investigation of the immune responses evoked by the plasmids as functions of time, vaccine dose, and the number of CTL epitopes expressed. METHODS: The pNL4-3 plasmid and a synthetic DNA s
HIV/AIDS vaccine development: Cross-clade immune response against HIV-1 Tat in Italy and Africa.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10147); Fiorelli V, Butto' S, Tripiciano A, Ensoli F, Colvin M, Vardas E, Rezza G, Ensoli B; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy; BACKGROUND. Cross-clade recognition of vaccine antigens by HIV infected individuals is key for vaccine development. Since Phase I trials with a clade B Tat vaccine are being initiated in Italy and Phase II trials are planned in Italy and Africa, it is essential to evaluate the extent of Tat-immune cross-recognition and
Selective B-cell and T-cell immune pressure directed against the hypervariable regions V1-V5 of the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10148); Carlos MP, Anderson DE, Vu Q, Diaz-Mitoma F, Yamamura Y, Guevarra A, Torres JV; School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; We have chosen to specifically focus on hypervariable epitopes of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120) in the development of a candidate HIV vaccine. Our strategy is based on the belief that infection of humans with HIV-1 results in immune responses that while rarely protective, nonetheless create strong negative se
Partial evaluation of the immunotoxicity of the vacunal candidate to the HIV Tab-9.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10149); Alvarez AA, Molina RM, Serrano TS, Ponce de Leon OP, Luzardo CL;;; MINSAP, Habana, Cuba; Xenobiotic substances acting upon the immune system may produce an immunotoxic response. This immunotoxic response presents as a decrease of the resistance to infections and neoplasias, as well as allergic or autoimmunity phenomenon. This report evaluates some aspects of the immunotoxicity related to the Cu
Enhanced immunogenicity and virus clearance efficacy using DNA-based Semliki Forest Virus replicon followed by recombinant Fowl pox virus booster in mice.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10150); Quintana D, Vazquez DM, Galban E, Herrera AM, Gorovaya L, Soria Y, Duarte CA; Centro de Ingenieria Genetica y Biotecnologia., La Habana, Cuba; Since the efficacy of DNA vaccine has been considerable reduced in primates models and humans, a great number of strategies have emerged to overcome this obstacle. These approaches are first studied in animals models to get a better chance of success in primates. There are increasing evidences demonstrating
Safety and efficacy of an oral HIV vaccine in AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10151); Jirathitikal V, Bourinbaiar AS; Immunitor co., Bangpakong, Thailand; To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an orally available, therapeutic HIV vaccine (V-1 Immunitor) in patients who were not treated with antiviral drugs. METHOD: All entrants who have been tested at least once at entry and at post-immunization were considered for analysis. Main endpoints were vaccine safet
Development of dengue virus replicons expressing HIV-1 determinants: a potential future tool for dual vaccination against dengue virus and HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10152); Pang X, Zhang M, Dayton AI; CBER/FDA, Bethesda, United States; Toward the goals of providing an additional vector to add to the armamentarium available to HIV vaccinologists and of creating a bivalent vaccine, effective against dengue virus and HIV, we have attempted to create vectors which express dengue virus non-structural proteins and HIV immunogens. METHODS: Stand
Improved human immunodeficiency virus 1 Gag and Pol vaccine antigens.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10153); zur Megede J, Doe B, Liu H, Leung L, Otten GR, Ulmer JB, Donnelly JJ, Barnett SW; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States; Vaccines against HIV-1 should induce potent, broad, durable immune responses. Inclusion of HIV-1 Pol in addition to Gag antigens in a vaccine should greatly increase the number of potential T cell epitopes that could be recognized as targets upon virus exposure of the host. METHODS: Sequences encoding HIV-1
The investigation of stability of plasmid constructions with par and tra operons in attenuated strains of salmonella.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10154); Dukhovlinova YN, Dukhovlinov IV, Murashev BV, Boychenko MN, Klimov NA, Vorobyov AA, Kozlov AP; Biomedical Center, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation; to create a stable plasmid constructions containing elements derived from large virulence plasmid of Salmonella and to increase the stability of recombinant DNA in attenuated Salmonella strains used as carrier of DNA-vaccines against HIV-1. METHODS: Two attenuated strains of Salmonella were studied: S. typh
Depression and anxiety experienced by the first volunteers on first hiv vaccine trial in africa: The ugandan experience.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10155); Byaruhanga RK, Otim TW, Mugerwa R, Mugyenyi P; Chief Counsellor, Kampala, Uganda; to find out why volunteers recruited in to the vaccine trial while healthy, fell sick frequently some of them to the extent of admission. methodology: 40 healthy volunteers were recruited to the study. after all the volunteers were vaccinated, a counsellor interviewed them on issues about their physical and
Multi-CTL epitopes for HIV expressed on the surface of recombinant Tobacco mosaic virus.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. A10156); Heath LE, Tanzer F, Bandawe G, Shephard EG, Hanke T, Rybicki EP; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Considerable evidence exists that support earlier speculation that a strong CD8+T lymphocyte (CTL) response is crucial for the control of HIV infection. The effectiveness of a multi-CTL epitope immunogen (HIVA) designed to elicit a strong HIV CTL response has clearly been demonstrated in several animal mode
Persistence of HIV-specific T cells and soluble suppressive factors in Highly Exposed Persistently Seronegative (HEPS) women married to HIV-infected men in Chiang Mai, Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10157); Duerr A, Promadej N, Butera S, Costello C, Kulkarni P, McNicholl J, Suriyanon V; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States; We studied innate and HIV-specific immune factors potentially related to resistance in HIV-uninfected (HIV-) wives of HIV-infected (HIV+) men. Unlike commercial sex workers whose true exposure to HIV is unknown, the HIV exposure of these women was well documented. METHODS: 18 HEPS women were selected from a
Correlation between breadth of memory HIV-specific cytotoxic T cells, viral load and disease progression in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10158); Chouquet C, Autran A, Gomard E, Bouley JM, Calvez V, Katlama C, Costagliola D, Riviere Y; Inserm SC4, Paris 13, France; Memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) should play a key role in controlling HIV. The correlations between the breadth and specificities of memory CTL and virus production and disease progression are still unknown, but are of major importance for vaccine strategies. Methods and Design: 148 chronically-infecte
AIDS myelodysplasia: molecular homology between HIV NEF and CD 133, a marker of bone marrow immature hematopoietic progenitor stem cells and retinal cells.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10159); Tran MK, Maurrisson G, Caprani A, Richert A, Kirkiacharian S, Nguyen DX; University Paris 11, Chatenay- Malabry, France; Backgroung: HIV infection is characterized by myelodysplasia stigmates such as anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. HIV-1 non progressors are defective in NEF (Xu XY, 2000). Calenda V. (1994) described a deleterious action of HIV-1 NEF on bone marrow CD 34+ hematopoietic progenitor cell culture. This CD 34+ stem ce
Long term evaluation of patients treated with gp160 recombinant.: Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. A10160); Bernardi ML, Carlesimo M, Fantini R, Cascioli C, Alario C, Mezzaroma L, Aiuti F; Department of Clinical Medicine, Chair of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome"La Sapienza", Italy, Rome, Italy; Background To evaluate if the in vivo administration of rgp