AEGiS-14IAC: Placental malaria and perinatal transmmission of HIV1.

14th International AIDS Conference


Barcelona, Spain - July 7-12, 2002

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Placental malaria and perinatal transmmission of HIV1.

Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. ThOrC1490)

Inion I, Mwanyumba F, Gaillard P, Chohan V, Verhofstede C, Claeys P, Mandaliya K, Marck EV, Temmerman M
University of Gent, Belgium and Coast Provincial General Hospital, Mombasa, Kenya, Belgium

BACKGROUND: Placental malaria might increase HIV1 transmission by inducing an enhanced HIV1 viral load in the placenta and by disrupting the integrity of placenta and membranes. In this study we assess 1) the prevalence of placental malaria in HIV1 infected and HIV1 non-infected patients, 2) the role of placental malaria in the transmission of HIV1 to the newborn, 3) the effect of placental malaria on shedding of HIV1 in genital tract secretions during labour.

METHODS: Placental histology was used for screening for the presence of malaria parasites. Newborns were tested for HIV1-PCR at 1 day and 6 weeks after birth. Cervical samples for HIV1-DNA and -RNA were taken during labour as well as oral samples for HIV1-DNA from the neonate. Three hundred seventy five placentas from HIV1 infected women were processed as well as 277 HIV1 non-infected controls.

RESULTS: Malaria parasites were found in 4.3 % (12/277) of the HIV1 non-infected and in 9.0 % (25/277) of the HIV1 infected placenta's (p= 0.027). Placental malaria was not associated with HIV1 mother-to-child transmission, neither with in utero infection (2.9 versus 5.6%, p=0.509) nor with peripartal HIV1 transmission (11.5 versus 15.4%, p=0.6). Cervical HIV1-DNA (60.0 versus 56.2 %, p=0.745) and -RNA shedding (20.0 versus 25.0%, p=0.620) was not significantly different when placental malaria was present or not.

CONCLUSIONS: Placental malaria was more common in HIV1 infected women, but was not identified as a risk factor for mother-to-child transmission of HIV1 nor for cervical viral shedding.

Keywords: AEGIS, Malaria, Viral Load, Placenta Diseases, Placenta, Parturition, Risk Factors, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Prevalence, Human, Female, Child, Infant, Newborn, transmissionKWDaegis,malaria,viralload,placentadiseases,placenta,parturition,riskfactors,polymerasechainreaction,prevalence,human,female,child,infant,newborn,transmission

020707
ThOrC1490

Copyright © 2002 - International AIDS Society (IAS). Reproduction of this abstract (other than one copy for personal reference) must be cleared through the IAS.