14th International AIDS Conference


Barcelona, Spain - July 7-12, 2002

Cite as: Int Conf AIDS. 2002 Jul 7-12;14:Abstract No. xx

Track B: Clinical Sciences and Care
Abstract Numbering & Table of Contents

The abstracts have been given reference numbers as follows:

  • MoOrA1001
  • TuPpB2001
  • WePeC3001
  • ThOr245
  • LbOr17

Mo = Monday, Tu = Tuesday, We = Wednesday, Th = Thursday, Lb = Late-Breaker
Or = Oral Abstract Presentation
Pp = Poster Presentation
Pe = Poster Exhibition

Print only abstracts.

The 2,807 printed only abstracts are identified by their special numbering, which begins with a letter A-G (signifying the track) and is followed by a 5 digit number.

Tracks

Track A: Basic Sciences

This track will highlight all aspects related to HIV structure and replication and its regulation as well as host immune responses. Drug discovery, research on vaccines and development of animal models will also be addressed. This track will be of particular interest to laboratory researchers and clinicians involved in basic principles of HIV.

Track B: Clinical Sciences and Care

This track will highlight the characteristics and clinical course of HIV infection and related diseases, the evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, including resistance tests, and the clinical trials and cohort studies which provide the scientific basis for therapeutic interventions and care. This track will be of particular interest to investigators and clinicians participating in clinical research related to HIV-1 infection.

Track C: Epidemiology

This track will highlight the description and dynamics of the evolving HIV/AIDS epidemic, the natural history and the burden and impact of HIV infection in the world. Presentations in this track will be based on both observational and experimental studies, as well as on surveillance methods. This track will be of particular interest to public health professionals, academic researchers in epidemiology or related areas, and people using epidemiologic parameters in support of HIV/AIDS programs and policies.

Track D: Prevention Science

This track will highlight the design, testing and evaluation of HIV preventive interventions for both HIV- and HIV+ persons, including those interventions addressing early diagnosis, co-factors, and risk and harm reduction. This track will also address methodological and ethical issues in HIV prevention research. This track will be of particular interest to those involved in advancing multidisciplinary (biomedical, behavioral, and social sciences) investigations of HIV prevention.

Track E: Social Sciences

This track will highlight the scientific investigation of behavioral, social, economic, political and cultural mechanisms underlying risk of, and protection from, HIV infection and AIDS, access to and continuity of care and treatment, and will assess the psychological and social impact of the epidemic on individuals, communities and society as a whole. This track will be of particular interest to people concerned with the social and economic dimensions of the epidemic who are using concepts, approaches, and frameworks derived from the well-established body of knowledge of social sciences and the methodological tools of scientific research.

Interventions, Program Implementation and Policy

Tracks in the Interventions, Program Implementation and Policy component (Tracks F and G) will present, discuss, and share lessons learned about programs, activities, and policies related to HIV/AIDS prevention, care, treatment, support, and impact mitigation. Component key aims are to improve understanding of factors contributing to successful and unsuccessful outcomes, to identify approaches to overcome barriers to implementing, sustaining, and scaling up effective responses to HIV/AIDS, and to develop and strengthen effective strategies for action.

Track F: Interventions and Program Implementation

This track will highlight planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of activities/programs for HIV/AIDS prevention; treatment, care and support; and impact mitigation. Sessions will focus on sharing lessons learned.

Track G: Advocacy and Policy

This track will highlight description, analysis and lessons learned in HIV/AIDS-related advocacy and policy. The track will address both HIV/AIDS specific advocacy and policy, and related areas such as gender, human rights, economic development, and trade and patents.


Many individuals would use instant home HIV tests if approved in the U.S.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10165)
Phillips KA, Chen J;;; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Home collection tests, which allow users to obtain results 3-7 days after sending samples to a laboratory, are currently available in the U.S. However, home tests that would provide instant results are not available and are not under consideration for FDA approval. We examined willingness to use instant hom


HIV seroprevalence study among women pregnancy in Sao Paulo city, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10166)
BiancoRosana RD, DantasStella SB, KenjiGreicy GK, CremonesiGinalda GC, BismarckZulmira ZA, CismottoOdomeria OC, MesquitaFabio FB;;; Municipal Institution, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Background - The HIV seroprevalence in women in Sao Paulo is one of the highest in Brazil and HIV testing is recommended for all pregnant women. In order to control the mother-to-child transmission, the Brazilian Ministry of health estabillished in july 1996 a special program to reduce vertical transmission. Training p


Projecting performance measures and costs of alternative HIV rapid test strategies.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10167)
Shields JM, Mwinga AZ, Nelson DB;;; CDC/GAP - Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
BACKGROUND: Increasing numbers of HIV Rapid Tests present testing protocol optimization challenges to researchers and program specialists. The number of possible protocols exceeds even the combinations of the available tests. The many calculations required to evaluate alternatives mitigate against making analytically b


Performance of the HIV-1 +O/HIV-2 assay on the Bayer ADVIA Centaur®.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10168)
Freeman J, Patel M, Baker L;;; Bayer Corporation, Tarrytown, United States
A new assay is under development for anti-HIV types 1, 2 and subtype O has been developed for the ADVIA Centaur®, a fully random access immunoassay analyzer. The assay utilizes a two step, two wash protocol in which patient specimen IgG and/or IgM is HIV antigen linked to paramagnetic microparticles in the first ste


Detection of cytomegalovirus in HIV-1 infected cases.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10169)
Siritantikorn S, Tanterdtam J, Anekthananont T, Techasathit W, Ratanasuwan W, Puthavathana P;;; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Human cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is an important opportunistic infection in HIV infected persons. CMV viremia and CMV load in HIV 1-infected cases and in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients will be investigated. METHODS: EDTA-blood samples used for detection of CMV were collected from 31 asympto


Putting in place blood algorithm based on a speedy tests for aids screening.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10170)
Kouette Epouse Lontouo AC, Nerrienet, Ngassam A, NKamse P;;; Bafoussam, Cameroon
ISSUE: in 1998, a report from West Cameroon health centres said that a dozen of speedy tests have been performed. Prices of those tests varied from one centres to other. No guarantee for wholesome blood transfusion. This conduct us to carry a study aiming at identifying 2 speedy tests ( sensitive, trustworthy, easy to


Low technology predictors of mortality for resource-poor settings: association of total lymphocyte count (TLC) and white blood cell count (WBC) with mortality in HIV-1-infected children.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10171)
Mofenson LM, Harris DR, Moye J, Bethel J, Korelitz J, Nugent RN, Meyer W;;; PAMA/NICHD/NIH, Rockville, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: CD4 count and HIV RNA are useful for prognosis and to evaluate antiretroviral (ARV) response in resource-rich settings, but too complex and expensive for many resource-poor settings. We evaluated predictors of mortality applicable to such settings in HIV-infected children in the NICHD IVIG Clinical Trial, a


Mean cell volume changes in hiv positive patients taking nucleoside reverse trascritase inhibitors: A surrogate marker for adherence.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10172)
Steele RH, Keogh GL, Quin JW, Fernando SL, Stojkova V;;; Bigge Park Centre, Liverpool, Australia
BACKGROUND: Poor adherence is an important factor in drug treatment failure. Monitoring adherence in a clinical setting is practically difficult. This study assessed the utility of changes in mean red cell volume (MCV)as a surrogate marker of adherence to nucleoside analogues in combination antiretroviral therapy. METH


Utility of Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination as an essential aid in the diagnosis of CNS-HIV disease in a resource -- limited setting.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10173)
Prabhu VA;;; Institute of STD.Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
BACKGROUND: Increasing frequency of neurological complications leads to devastating neurologic disease. In a resource-limited setting with scarce access to specific tests and non invasive radiological services-CT scan/MRI,CSF examination provides the diagnostic inputs and guides therapy in HIV seropositive patients wit


Monitoring and diagnostic tools for the management of antiretroviral therapy in resource-poor settings.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10174)
Gonsalves GS, Cheng B;;; Gay Men's Health Crisis, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: In November 2001, Gay Men s Health Crisis and Project Inform sponsored a scientific workshop to identify: the role of laboratory vs. clinical monitoring in the management of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the developing world; the role of current tools in use or in development, in the diagnosis of HIV infe


Comparison of CD4 levels with absolute lymphocyte counts in clients with HIV at JCRC - Uganda.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10175)
Okiror J, Otim T, Segonga P;;; Medical Technologist, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: To determine correlation between CD4 levels with absolute lymphocyte counts in clients who were seen for the first time at JCRC. In third world countries such as Uganda where flowcytometry is not readily available, it is advocated that a white cell count of less than 1000/cm predicts CD4 levels of less than


Hemi-nested PCR by using TGR1E sequence for detection of Toxoplasma gondii in blood samples from HIV-infected patients in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10176)
Gomes VM, Hirata RD, Hirata MH, Yamamoto YI, Soares CL, Kanashiro CK, Daher MA, Souza AM, Yokio S;;; Clinic and Toxicology Analysis Department of The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of The University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Introduction: The reactivation of latent T. gondii cysts is one of the most common opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. METHOD: In this study, we have developed a hemi-nested PCR (Henes-PCR) procedure for detection of T. gondii in blood samples of 38 seropositive and 21 seronegative individuals. DNA was extra


Outcome of baseline viral resistance testing in newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10177)
Harry TC, Karas A, Elumogo NT, Loveday C;;; Bure Clinic, James Paget Hospital, Great Yarmouth, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Benefit has been shown in the utility of viral resistance testing in virological failure. Primary resistance to most classes of antiretroviral drugs is now increasingly reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of viral resistance testing in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients seen from 1/1/


GART Rounds: a model for group interpretation of genotypic resistance test results.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10178)
MacVeigh MS, Parrish DA;;; Multnomah County Health Dept, Portland, OR, United States
BACKGROUND: Interpretation of GART assay results is believed affected by experience, expertise and opinions of the care provider. To help gain experience and share opinions, a system of group reviews of GART results was established at our county HIV clinic, where 600 patients are managed by 4 providers. The initial goa


Genotype testing practices in a HIV clinic in New York City.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10179)
Suh JS, Ristau PE, Warford R, Sharp V;;; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, The Center for Comprehensive Care, New York City, New York 10025, United States
Backgound: Testing for HIV drug resistance has become an important adjunct to guide antiretroviral management. Current guidelines (Department of Health and Human Services and IAS-USA) recommend incorporating resistance tests for management of patients (pts) experiencing failure on antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Despite


Prevalence of HIV-1 resistant to antiretroviral drugs in Thailand.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10180)
Jenwitheesuk E, Watitpun C, Pongthanapisith V, Vibhagool A, Sungkanuparph S, Chantratita W;;; Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Prolonged treatment with antiretroviral drugs results in the selection of HIV-1 variants with mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI and NNRTI) or to protease inhibitors (PI). METHODS: This study report on the frequency of genetic mutation ass


Performance of the TRUGENE HIV-1 genotyping assay in global clinical trials.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10181)
Tau KR, Romack JC, Crose GA, Gilonske KD, Kapke GF;;; Covance CLS, Indianapolis, United States
With increasing emerging resistance to antiretroviral therapies, HIV-1 genotyping is a powerful new technology for use in drug development and clinical trials. The performance of the TRUGENE HIV-1 genotyping assay in a central laboratory was determined. The bi-directional sequence of the protease and reverse transcript


Antiretroviral resistance profile in HIV1 infected pregnant women: a french prospective study in 93 patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10182)
Ciraru-Vigneron N, Mazeron MC, Lefevre V, Colonna R, Chaix ML, Burgard M, Rouzioux MC;;; CHU - Lariboisiere-Saint Louis, Necker - Universities of Paris VII &V, PARIS, France
To prevent materno fetal transmission (MFT) HIV1 infected pregnant women (HIPW) of developed countries received antiretroviral treatment (ART) and MFT rate is 1% to 2% although most ART are still given on a probable effective basis. In HIPW few data are available on HIV1 drug resistance profile, therefore the aim of ou


Clinical impact of HIV genotypic resistance testing: comparison between two methods.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10183)
Setti M, Bruzzone B, Murdaca G, Gota F, Marasso P, Bacilieri S, Icardi G;;; University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
OBJECTIVE: to assess the difference of impact on clinical outcome between two methods of testing genotypic drug resistance in a cohort of HIV+ subjects undergoing HAART. METHODS: 32 HIV+ naive (12) or treatment-failed (20) compliant individuals sequenced (TruGene-Visible Genetics) before starting a three-drug protocol


Phenotypic resistance testing for RT inhibitors with a biochemical method - problems and potential solutions.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10184)
Obermeier MJ, Opgen-Rhein MH, Huber C, Eberle J;;; Max von Pettenkofer Institut LMU Muenchen, Munich, Germany
BACKGROUND: Viral resistance to ART is a common cause for therapy failure. Different types of assays have been developed to prove susceptibility of HIV strains to various drugs: Genotypic, phenotypic cell culture based, and biochemical resistance tests. METHODS: The ultra-sensitive RT assay of H. Pyra et al. (PNAS 91:


Prevalence and pattern of genotypic drug resistance among HIV Patients in Hong Kong.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10185)
Yam WC, Wong KH, Lee SS;;; Queen Mary Hospital / The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
BACKGROUND: Presence of genotypic mutations that promote drug resistance has been associated with failure of anti-retroviral therapy. We examined the prevalence of mutations associated with resistance among patients enrolled in a clinical cohort in Hong Kong . METHODS: Plasma of patients were collected for HIV genot


HIV genotyping drug resistance virco vs visible genetics methods evaluation.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10186)
Swantee C, Fearon M, Sandstrom P, Choi KW, Major C;;; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: To compare the results of HIV genotyping drug resistance testing using the Virco Virtual Phenotype method and the Visible Genetics TRUGENE HIV-1 Genotyping Systems. METHODS: Thirty-one plasma specimens were selected from naive (17) and ART experienced(14) patients. HIV viral load ranged from 1000 - >500,000


HIV-1 resistance testing using a commercial kit can be performed reliably without prior sequencing experience.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10187)
Debaisieux L, Laethem KV, Vandamme AM, Schrooten Y, Delforge ML, Liesnard C;;; Hopital Erasme-Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
OBJECTIVE: To compare 1) sequencing results obtained with a commercial kit in a lab without experience in sequencing (Lab A) with those of an experienced lab (Lab B), 2) the drug resistance reports generated. METHODS: 16 plasma samples already analyzed by Lab B were retrospectively tested by Lab A. Lab A used the TRUGE


Building up a national network for HIV genotyping test in Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10188)
Dantas MC, Lima JN, Vitoria MA, Teixeira PR, Costa-Filho RB, Grangeiro AL;;; STD/AIDS Program - Ministry of Health (MOH), Brasilia, Brazil
ISSUES: PLWA in Brazil have been an universal access to ART since 96 and 113000 HIV+ individuals was on treatment in the Public Health System in Dec. 2001. However, as have been occurred in developed countries, the wide use of the ART promotes the emergence of HIV resistant strains that can commits the effectiveness of


Simple Culture Assay for isolation and resistance assessment of clinical HIV-1 isolates.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10189)
Mukadi BK, Delferiere N, Bodeus M, Goubau P;;; Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
We developed a simple method giving a high isolation rate of patient HIV-1 strains and an antiviral drug susceptibility assay for clinical isolates. The two-step procedure consists in either the culture of plasma HIV-1 virus or co-cultivation of infected PBMC with PHA-stimulated CD4 from blood donors. Patients sample a


Long-term CD4+Tcell response in HIV-1infected patients continuing on combination antiretroviral therapy despite high-level viremia and drug resistance.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10190)
Dionisio D, Vivarelli A, Zazzi M, Esperti F, Uberti M, Fabbri C;;; Pistoia General Hospital, Pistoia, Italy
The benefit of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-1 infection has been linked to its complete suppression of viral replication, though durable HIV treatment benefit despite low-level viremia has been reported. HAART often leads to increases in CD4+ T cell count of 100-200 cells/ml or more, even though


Drug susceptibility assay using peripheral blood mononuclear cells as target cells.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10191)
Tanaka R, Saito Y, Hanabusa H, Kato S;;; Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
BACKGROUND: To develop a clinically applicable phenotypic assay using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as target cells to assess HIV-1 susceptibility to numerous drugs. METHODS: PBMC were prepared by Percoll centrifugation and depleted of CD8 cells with anti-CD8 antibody-coated magnetic beads (Dynabeads, DYNAL


Retrospective analysis of nelfinavir containing antiretroviral combinations in treatment experienced patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10192)
Weiss SE, Cervia JS, Dali P, Freeman K;;; Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, United States
BACKGROUND: Prior studies have reported the impact of Nelfinavir containing antiretroviral combinations in profoundly suppressing HIV replication. There is little data however, involving treatment experienced individuals with advanced disease. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 24 HIV infected, antiret


The impact of hiv infection on maternal morbidity and mortality at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10193)
Kanyenda JT, Kumwenda NI, Lema VM;;; Johns Hopkins Project, Blantyre, Malawi
BACKGROUND: Aimed at determining the possible impact of HIV infection on maternal morbidity and mortality. METHODS: Subjects wer enrolled upon admission in the labour ward or soon after delivery, and followed up till discharge from hodspital and for six weeks postpartum. Demographic, reproductive profiles, history of h


Successful management of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events (AEs) in a prospective trial of ritonavir boosted saquinavir/lopinavir in heavily PI experienced patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10194)
Gordon DM, Foy K, Morris AB, Hellinger J, de Caprariis PJ, Jackson-Pope L, Cohen CJ;;; Community Research Initiative of New England, Springfield and Boston, MA, United States
OBJECTIVES: Ritonavir boosted levels of PIs provide greater antiviral suppression as well as associated AEs. Strategies must be identified to minimize intolerance and achieve optimal adherence. METHODS: AEs were evaluated & managed in a prospective, open label pilot of high dose (1000mg bid) saquinavir-sgc in combi


HIV-1 genetic diversity: impact on the performance of three commercial viral load assays.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10195)
Swanson P, de Mendoza C, Bodelle P, Yamaguchi J, Golden A, Brennan C, Soriano V, Devare SG, Schochetman G, Hackett J;;; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, United States
BACKGROUND: The evolution and ever-changing distribution of HIV-1 strains challenge the performance of nucleic acid-based tests. Reliable patient monitoring requires that viral load assays have the ability to detect and accurately quantify genetically diverse HIV-1. In this study, three commercially available quantitat


The impact of HAART in HIV+ hemophilic patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10196)
Villafane Fioti MF;;; Argentine Hemophilic Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: The response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was evaluated in a group of hemophilic patients infected with HIV for more than 18 years. METHODS: Twenty seven HIV+ hemophilc patients were included in this study. All had been infected prior to 1985 and received assistance at the Argentine Hemop


~32/wt CCR5 genotype, viral load and previous nucleoside analogue (NRTI) experience do not effect the viral outcome after five years in an unselected cohort of advanced HIV-1 patients who started Protease Inhibitor based antiretroviral treatment (PI-ART) in 1996.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10198)
Karlsson A, Bratt G, Koppel K, Nilsson A, Hejdeman B, Hedman P, Ingmar S, Grutzmeier S, Fredriksson EL, Sandstrom E;;; Venhalsan, Stockholm Soder hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of PI-ART in HIV-1 disease is well established, although there are few reports on long-term follow-ups from clinical practice. METHOD: 202 unselected patients with known HIV-1 infection for 80 +/-44 months who, in 1996, started PI-ART with at least two NRTI in combination with either


Multicenter performance evaluation of a real-time HIV-1 viral load assay, NucliSens EasyQ HIV-1.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10199)
Cuypers H, Soriano V, Segondy M, Oosterlaken T, Koppelman M, de Mendoza C, Montes B, van de Wiel P;;; Sanguin Div. CLB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
BACKGROUND: A HIV-1 viral load assay (NucliSens EasyQ HIV-1) was developed based on NASBA amplification and real time detection with molecular beacon probes. The performance of this assay was evaluated in routine settings at three different sites. METHODS: HIV-1 RNA is isolated from plasma using the NucliSens Extractor


Virologic and clinical outcomes in pretreated patients receiving regimen containing a protease inhibitor or a non nucleoside analogue as first HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10200)
Grabar S, Arvieux C, Lang JM, Pradier C, Reliquet V, Simon A, Costagliola D;;; Inserm SC4, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: Clinical prognosis of patients treated with non-nucleoside analogues (NNRTI) is poorly studied. We studied virologic and clinical outcomes of patients who started a triple regimen with 2 nucleoside analogues (NRTI) and either one protease inhibitor (PI) or NNRTI.METHODS:879 pretreated patients who started a


Benefit effects of capsular pneumococcal polysaccharides immunization on hiv type 1 and type 2 infected individuals in Senegal.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10201)
Dieye TN, Sow PS, Simonart T, Gueye A, Delforge ML, Popper SJ, Crusiaux A, Devleeschouwer M, Diakhate L, Kanki P, Mboup S, Farber CM;;; Immunodeficiency unit, Erasme university hospital, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
OBJECTIVE: Comparative evaluation of plasma HIV-RNA levels, humoral and cellular responses on HIV-1 and HIV-2 individuals after immunization with non T dependent 23 valent pneumococcal polysaccharides antigens (PPS). METHODS: 12 HIV-1, 9 HIV-2 and 8 HIV negative subjects received PPS. Blood was collected on day 0, 7 an


Study of the gastrointestinal tract diseases in hiv-patients in Lima-Peru.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10202)
Cisneros PC, Miyagui J, Liechty C, Gilman R;;; Dos de Mayo Hospital, Lima, Peru
BACKGROUND: Determine the ethiology of the syntomatic disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract in HIV-infected patients to guide the selection of a most appropriate empiric therapy. METHODS: The prospective and analytical study includes HIV infected-patients between 18 and 70 years old (100) that were sent to upper


Prevalence of HIV-1 genotypic mutations in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes from infected individuals in Taiwan: Treatment challenges.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10203)
Elbeik T, Lan YC, Dileanis J, Marlowe N, Ng V, Chen YM;;; University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Increasing prevalence of HIV-1 genotypic resistant strains in newly infected presents a challenge to treatment strategies. We investigate the prevalence of HIV-1 genotypic mutations in retrospective samples collected between 1996-2000 from cohorts of recently infected subjects in


Polymorphism of protease in protease inhibitor (PI)-naive patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10204)
Cho Y, Ahn S, Kang M, Sung H;;; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, SEOUL, Republic of Korea
BACKGROUND: There is no report on natural polymorphism of protease (PRO) from PI-naive patients in Korea although we have reported on the frequency of resistance mutation to reverse transcriptase inhibitors (J Clin. Microbiolol, in press) and natural polymorphism (AIDS Res & Hum Retroviruses. 16:1549-, 2001). The d


The prognostic significance of basal CD4 cell counts on immunologic and virologic responses to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in AIDS patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10205)
Ranin JT, Salemovic D, Zerjav S, Jevtovic DJ;;; Institute for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, KCS, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
BACKGROUND: The majority of HIV infected patients in Yugoslavia have severe immunodeficiency on presentation. We examined the possibility to achieve complete suppression of viral replication and immune reconstitution in these patients after ART. METHODS: Using an electronic database, a study of a cohort of 195 patients


Predicting the HIV set point: comparison of sampling times and methods of set point calculation.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10206)
Langan SJ, Sabundayo BP, Bollinger RC, McArthur JH, Quinn TC, Margolick JB;;; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Set point of plasma HIV RNA achieved after primary HIV infection is an important predictor of future disease progression. However, the optimal methods for calculating this set point have not been defined. METHODS: Participants in the Baltimore site of the Acute HIV Infection and Early Disease Research Progr


Greater prevalence of anemia in women and Blacks with HIV/AIDS in the HAART era.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10207)
Mildvan D, Creagh T; Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Data on anemia frequency among HIV/AIDS patients (pts) in the HAART era are sparse. This study describes anemia prevalence and associated risk factors among US pts receiving HAART. METHODS: A survey of medical records with prospective hemoglobin (Hb) assessment of approximately 10,000 HIV/AIDS pts >18yrs, s


Are there clinical/laboratorial differences between HIV positive men and women at first medical visit? A prospective study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10208)
Almeida VC, Monteiro MM, Melo EV, Figueiredo NE, Temponi PF, Pierri MH, Lupatelli S;;; University of Sao Paulo, Araraquara, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy in Brazil , there has been a decrease in mortality among HIV patients. However, despite universal use of specific therapy for all patients, mortality sharply decreased in men, but not as much in women. Factors that may contribute to these findings are not yet


HIV-1 subtype C infected children who have survived beyond five years of age have high levels of neutralizing antibodies.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10209)
Taylor NA, Morris L, Meyers TM;;; National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Perinatal HIV-1 infection remains a major route of transmission in developing countries with few children surviving beyond five years of age. Neutralizing antibodies (NAb) are considered an important immune control mechanism and in this study we aimed to examine levels of NAb in children who have survived b


Late breastmilk transmission of HIV-1 and infant disease progression.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10210)
Richardson BA, John-Stewart GC, Nduati R, Mbori-Ngacha D, Reiner M, Overbaugh J, Emery S, Kreiss JK;;; University of Washington, Seattle, United States
BACKGROUND: Previous studies among HIV-infected children have shown more rapid disease progression among infants infected in-utero versus intrapartum. Little is known regarding disease progression in children infected through late postnatal breastmilk transmission. METHODS: Data are from antiretroviral naive HIV-infect


Newborns from HIV-positive mothers born at Panait Sarbu Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Bucharest, Romania: prophylaxis of the perinatal HIV infecton; evolution during the newborn period.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10211)
Puia S, Toma AI, Cristescu C;;; Panait Sarbu, Obstetris and Gynecology Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
BACKGROUND: to assess the efficiency of the prophylaxis of the HIV transmission from mother to infant, to observe the characteristics of these neonates and their evolution during the newborn period. METHODS: The population of the study consisted of the neonates born from HIV-positive pregnant women in our unit, between


CD4 cell counts in children born to HIV infected women in Europe.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10212)
Gray L, European Collaborative Study TH;;; Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the pattern of CD4 cell count in HIV infected children over age, but the commonly used CDC immune categories based on CD4 counts are not reliably associated with clinical progression. There is a lack of data of the development of immune system in uninfected children. METHODS: Serial in


Impact of chloroquine on viral load in breast milk.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10213)
Semrau K, Kasonde P, Vwalika C, Ghosh M, Sinkala M, Kankasa C, Thea DM, Kuhn L, Aldrovandi G;;; University of Alabama, Department of Pediatrics, Birmingham, United States
BACKGROUND: Chloroquine (CQ) has in-vitro and in-vivo antiviral effect, and accumulates in mammary epithelial cells. Maternal CQ administration during breastfeeding may decrease milk viral load (VL), and therefore lower the risk of breastmilk (BM) associated mother-to-child transmission. METHODS: The Zam


Ocular lesions in HIV-infected children.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10214)
Oswal JS;;; Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Pune, India
BACKGROUND: Opportunistic infections of the eye in HIV-infected children is rarely studied in India . METHODS: Ten HIV-infected children below 12 years of age were examined for ophthalmic lesions. All the children acquired infection by vertical mode. Six children were from CDC clinical category B and four from catego


Survival of Ugandan infants with subtype A and D HIV-1 infection (HIVNET 012).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10215)
Eshleman SH, Guay LA, Fleming T, Mwatha A, Mracna M, Becker-Pergola G, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB;;; The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Virologic factors may influence survival of HIV-1 infected infants. We compared the survival of Ugandan infants with subtype A and D HIV-1 infection. This study was performed in the context of the Ugandan clinical trial, HIVNET 012, which compared the efficacy of single dose


Prevalence of HIV antibodies in children in rural Tanzania and association with anaemia.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10217)
Nabwera HM, Hills E;;; Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Teule hospital is a district designated hospital situated in the north eastern part of Tanzania , in East Africa. In addition to other health services, it provides extensive Paediatric services with over 20 admissions per day to the children s wards. The number of malaria deaths in children admitted to the


Incorporation of the Nuclisens HIV RNA qualitative (QL) assay in the early diagnosis of pediatric HIV infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10218)
Canizal AM, Fernandez Giuliano S, Zapiola I, Multare S, Bouzas MB;;; Hospital Francisco Javier Muniz, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Previous reports have demonstrated that high viral RNA levels are detected in plasma inmediately after infection both in adults and infants. The sensitivity of the Roche Amplicor HIV-1 DNA assay has been reported to be 54.5% for infants younger than 48hs and 95% for those older than 1 month. The objective o


Evaluation of the sensitivity an specificity of IgA immunoblot assay and PCR for diagnosing perinatal HIV infection in children younger than 24 months born to seropositive women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10219)
Basualdo MC, Moran K, Alcantara P, Puentes E, Soler C;;; UNAM, Mexico D.F., Mexico
OBJECTIVE:-To evaluate sensitivity and specificity of IgA immunoblot assay and PCR in order to use as confident and efficiently auxiliary diagnosis of HIV perinatal infection using as reference viral isolation. Samples:90 infected an 153 non-infected children less than 24 months born form HIV infected women were analyz


Growth hormone deficiency in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10220)
Ezeanolue EE, Hardy SL, Nunlee-Bland G, Frederick WR;;; Department of Pediatrics, Howard University Hospital, Washington, D.C., United States
BACKGROUND: Reports of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in HIV+ children are rare. HIV+ children with growth failure were found to have opportunistic infections (OI) and low CD4+ cell counts but normal GH and insulin like growth factor 1 (ILGF-1) serum concentrations. We herein report three African-American male children


Immune-reconstitution in HIV-1 vertically infected children.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10221)
Salvini F, Cucchi C, Tonella M, Zuccotti GV;;; Clinica Pediatrica Ospedale San Paolo, Milano, Italy
In HIV infected children, CD45RA+ CD4+ T lymph. reconstitution has been related to efficient thymopoiesis. Because human thymus undergoes spontaneous involution at a relatively young age, institution of antiretroviral therapy early in the course of infection has been recommended. 12 HIV vertically infected children age


Perinatal and pediatric HIV - observations and trends of vertical transmission and clinical features.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10222)
Raju MS, Vadrevu R, Vadrevu L, Saple DG;;; Mamatha Children Hospital, Kakinada, India
BACKGROUND: The present study was done over a perid of 4 years in a rural,semi-urban setting in southern part of India . The study focuses on Pediatric disease as a direct result of meternal HIV. The study was conducted in an area with poor hygiene and nutrition. Breast feeding into the 2nd and 3rd years of life is not


Disseminated bacille calmette guerin (BCG) infection in Argentine AIDS children.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10223)
Sardi FM, Casanueva EV, Moreno R, Barboni G, Gregorio G, Gazpio M;;; Argentine pediatric asociation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: In Argentina BCG vaccination is obligatory at birth. In other colaborative study presented in this Congress, we found disseminated BCG infection in 6 / 656 aids children. METHODS: We present 6 patients with disseminated BCG and aids, who received the vaccine before HIV diagnosis. RESULTS: The average age wa


Pneumocisis carinii pneumonia treated with surfactant.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10224)
Bernardi S, Palma P, Perrotta D, Marano M, Cursi L, Pirozzi N, Rossi P, Castelli-Gattinara G;;; Bambino Gesu Hospital, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: Pneumocistis carinii pneumonia is one of the most serious diseases in children with HIV. It can represent the first sign of infection in children under one year of age and, in this cases, it is related to a poor prognosis. Several supportive treatments as steroids and surfactant can improve the outcome. MET


Management of maternal hiv diagnosed late in pregnancy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10225)
Lyons F, Hopkins S, Butler K, Mulcahy F;;; St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
BACKGROUND: Late diagnosis of maternal HIV in pregnancy presents multiple challenges. There has been a dramatic rise in the numbers of pregnant women presenting, particularly in those diagnosed late in pregnancy. The mean gestation for antenatal HIV diagnosis from January to December 2001 was 26 weeks (w). A protocol f


A rapid procedure to detect a single copy of HIV-1 virion RNA.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10226)
Saito Y, Tanaka R, Hanabusa H, Kato S;;; Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
BACKGROUND: It is often required in clinical settings to judge the presence of HIV-1 in materials to avoid the risk of infection completely. Thus, we established a rapid procedure by assessing minimal requirement in whole steps from RNA isolation to detection of PCR-amplified products that was able to detect a single c


Bacillary Angiomatosis (BA) as Initial Manifestations of AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10227)
Gulotta H, Fumagalli J, Espinosa G, Toller M, Brezzo C, Troncoso A;;; Infectious Diseases Francisco Muniz Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: BA is an unusual cutaneous complication in AIDS patient. Also, BA is a marker of advanced HIV infection. So far, it is a scarcely reported condition in Argentina . METHODS: We report a case of BA in a 40 year-old man with unknown HIV infection and chronic, disseminated, erythematous purplish vascular nodule


Bacterial chest infections in HIV-1 positive and negative individuals in rural Uganda; aetiology and antibiotic sensitivity.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10228)
Mayanja B, Van der Paal LV, Kigozi B, Eotu H, Whitworth JA;;; Medical Research Council Programme on AIDS-Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
Background Recurrent chest infections are associated with severe HIV disease. Knowledge of the aetiology and antibiotic sensitivity in resource poor countries with limited laboratory facilities is essential to formulate appropriate treatment protocols. Methods Adult participants in a clinical cohort study presenting wi


Chlamydia pneumoniae prevalence by antibody, PCR and a novel gamma interferon release assay in HIV infected and uninfected persons.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10229)
Woolley IJ, Jones S, Gahan ME, Jasenko I, Johnsen SP, Wesselingh S, Fuller A, Birkelund S, Christiansen G, Ostergaard L;;; Alfred Hospital/ Monash University, Prahran, Australia
BACKGROUND: There has been increasing interest in potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease in persons with HIV. One association identified in HIV negative individuals is Chlamydia pneumoniae. Previous studies have shown increased rates of C pneumoniae infection in AIDS patients however they have used predomina


Recurrent tricuspid endocarditis sustained by Streptococcus agalactiae and Enterococcus faecalis in an HIV-infected intravenous drug abuser patient.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10230)
Calza L, Manfredi R, Marinacci G, Fortunato L, Chiodo F;;; Infectious Diseases, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Introduction. Infective endocarditis associated with HIV infection occurs almost exclusively in i.v. drug users and is rarely reported in other HIV-infected patients. Case report. A 33-year-old i.v. drug abuser male patient, with advanced HIV infection was first hospitalized owing to persisting hyperpyrexia, chills, as


Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in HIV patients in Spain.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10231)
Gutierrez CD, Quijada SG, Saez CG, Ezquerro AM, Ibanez AF, Gonzalez JF;;; Internal medicine, Burgos, Spain
BACKGROUND: Conflicting results have been reported by european authors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in HIV-infected patients in Spain , which is the major


Ti: Drug resistance mediated by plasmid in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients infected with HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10232)
Gonzalez A, Salazar D, Palma SV;;; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri, La Habana, Cuba
BACKGROUND: The bacteria resistance is a threat for the humanity, it s particularly important in patients because of the high frequency of opportunistic infections . The microorganisms develop many mechanism of resistance to the antibiotics, many of them are mediated by plasmids. We study 63 Pseudomonas aeruginosa stra


Root caries and oral conditions in people with HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10233)
Matsumoto H, Sunakawa M, Iwamoto A, Suda H;;; Clean Room, Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
BACKGROUND: This presentation is aimed to investigate oral conditions of homosexual males with HIV / AIDS in Japan , especially focused on the early root caries. METHODS: In twenty-five Japanese males infected with HIV-1 by homosexual intercourse, oral conditions were assessed by using CRT, Dentobuff Strip, Dentocult C


Cavitary pulmonary lesions associated with Flavimonas oryzihabitans in a patient with HIV Infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10234)
Newell L, Natarajan U, Curtis S, Churchill DR;;; Elton John Centre, Brighton General Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom
Case report: A 33 year old HIV-positive gay man presented with a 3 week history of productive cough, fever and pleuritic chest pain. He was on no medication. On examination, he was febrile, had a tachycardia, oral thrush and had signs of left-sided pulmonary consolidation. His CD4+ lymphocyte count was 230/mm3, and his


Severe pulmonary infections in HIV-positive patients in the HAART era.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10235)
Narciso P, Tozzi V, Antinori A, Bellagamba R, Topino S, Sampaolesi A, Lorenzini P, Ghirga P, Antonucci F, Petrosillo N, Girardi E, Navarra A, Alba L, Palmieri F, Usro R, Ippolito G;;; INMI L Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: To analyze the characteristics of severe pulmonary infections. To evaluate physician s adherence to a diagnostic algorithm, approved during an internal Consensus Conference in 1999. METHODS: All HIV-infected subjects admitted to our clinic for acute respiratory symptoms between January 2000 and June 2001 we


Self reported testing and treatment in an infected population: results from an interview project in Uganda.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10236)
Katumba KM, Ruth RR, Francis KM;;; TASO(U)Ltd, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: Persons living With HIV/AIDS are at risk of being infected with tuberculosis (TB) co-infection can affect ther clinical outcomes of both diseases. in 1994, the Uganda National TB control programme recommended that all persons infected with HIB be tested for TB with appropriate therapy for those


On the complexity of TB / AIDS association.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10237)
Jidy MD, Nunez IG, Avila JP;;; Instituto Pedro Kouri, Ciudad Habana, Cuba
BACKGROUND: The complexity of both diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis associated with AIDS is a challenge for any physician. METHODS: Data were collected from the medical records of 197 AIDS/TB patients hospitalized at Pedro Kouri Institute, the national reference center for diagnosis and treatment of AIDS complic


Tuberculous pancreatic mass as initial manifestations of AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10238)
Wainstein C, Gulotta H, Bava J, Fumagalli J, Troncoso A, Bernardini E;;; Infectious Diseases Francisco Muniz Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: TB of the pancreas in HIV infected patient is very uncommon. It is usually associated with a delay in starting antituberculosis therapy since cultures may take up to 8 weeks. METHODS: We report two cases of HIV+ patients, who were diagnosed as having a pancreatic mass on CT scans. Patient RM: clinical prese


Dyslipidaemia in HIV infection with or without Tuberculosis.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10239)
Das PK, Das PC;;; Ross Clinical Laboratory, Kolkata, India
BACKGROUND: Though minor controversy exists lipid alterations do occur in cases of HIV infection. Of various types of infection tuberculosis is a very common accompaniment in such cases. Thus we were interested to find out the lipid alteration in cases of HIV infection with or without tuberculosis. METHOD: A total of 6


Radiological response to anti-tuberculosis treatment in HIV - TB dual infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10240)
Dholakia Y, Hira SK;;; ARCON, Mumbai, India
The HIV/AIDS pandemic has been responsible for changing the trends of tuberculosis . There is not only an increase in the incidence of tuberculosis but, due to the immunocompromised state, the clinical presentation and radiological response to therapy are also altered. This retrospective study was designed to assess th


Hepatotoxicity due to latent tuberculous infection treatment as a marker for hepatopathy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10241)
Aldamiz M, Portu J, Martin MJ, Almaraz MJ, Pinedo A, Salazar A, Barroso J;;; Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain
BACKGROUND: The interruption of latent tuberculous infection (ITLB) due to hepatotoxicity is a frequent fact in patients with HIV infection. Our objective is to check if the interruption of the treatment due to hepatotoxicity represents a marker for hepatopathy. Patients and methods: 438 patients with HIV infection sta


Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated immune reconstitution syndrome and HAART in South Africa.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10242)
Conradie FM, Van der Horst C, Venter WD, Ive PD, Jentsch U, Sanne IM;;; University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Guidelines for HAART in resource poor areas need to consider high tuberculosis rates. In South Africa with a high HIV and TB incidence (600 per 100 000) many patients are co-infected. Fulminant and potentially fatal inflammatory reactions to TB may occur when starting HAART.


Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS in a reference center for HIV treatment in Niteroi, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 1995-2000.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10243)
Brito RC, Selig L, Cunha M, Palombo C;;; FMS - Niteroi/State Health Department RJ/Fundacao Educacional Serra dos Orgaos, Niteroi, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS are great problems of public health in Brazil . The state of Rio de Janeiro has high prevalence of both disease. Here we describe the patterns of co-infection in a reference center for HIV treatment (Centro Previdenciario de Niteroi) wich is located in metropolitan region of State


Feasibility of tuberculosis preventive therapy and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in South African TB/HIV pilot districts.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10244)
Hausler HP, Naidoo P, Karpakis B, Pronyk P, Campbell L, Colvin M, Sallet J, Sheard C, Matji R, Simelela N, Godfrey-Faussett P;;; Chief Directorate: HIV/AIDS & Tuberculosis, Department of Health and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Pretoria, South Africa
BACKGROUND: The convergence of HIV and tuberculosis has led to a rapid increase in TB incidence in South Africa . The Department of Health established 4 TB/HIV Pilot Districts in 1999 to address the dual TB/HIV epidemic by implementing and evaluating a comprehensive package of TB/HIV/STI prevention, care an


Clinical and laboratory characteristics of tuberculosis associated with AIDS in the HAART era in Rio de Janeiro.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10245)
Sant'Anna FM, Vieira A, Lourenco MC, Carvalho SS, Donnel M, Morgado M, Rolla V;;; Centro de Pesquisa Hospital Evandro Chagas/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most important opportunistic infection associated with HIV in our country. METHODS: All patients diagnosed with TB and AIDS from 07/ 2000 to 09/2001 in CPqHEC - FIOCRUZ were prospectivelly evaluated, in order to describe clinical and laboratory characteristics of TB in HIV+ patien


Continued increase of HIV-related tuberculosis and impact of the improved TB control program on prevalence of drug resistant TB, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10246)
Yanai H, Supawitkul S, Uthaivoravit W, Rienthong D, Yoshiyama T, Khuptarat R, Sawanpanyalert P;;; TB/HIV Research Project, Chiang Rai, Thailand
BACKGROUND: There is limited information about the epidemiological trend and impact of tuberculosis (TB) control program improvement in the HIV epidemic area in Asia. METHODS: A population-based surveillance study was set up. Provincial TB registry data since 1987 together with 6-month treatment results was computerize


In vitro IFN- [gamma] production in whole blood culture in response to mycobacterial antigens in HIV/AIDS Bulgarian patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10247)
Markova R, Kostov K, Stefanova D, Terzieva V, Todorova Y, Taskov H, Valkova I;;; National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia 1504, Bulgaria
BACKGROUND: During last decades mycobacterial infections have been increasing in pts with advanced HIV-1 disease and their poor detection is a great problem. Tuberculin skin anergy as a manifestation of severe immune deficiency in AIDS pts is the main cause for false negative TST results. The aim of this study was by u


Epidemiology of difficult to diagnose pneumonia in HIV/AIDS positive patients in Maputo, Mozambic.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10248)
Bure M, Bergoin C, Viget N, Sidat A, Nunes E;;; CHG Bethune service de pneumologie, Bethune, France
BACKGROUND: In Mozambic Tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS are two diseases whose frequency and interaction set an acute public health problem. Management of difficult to diagnose pneumonia in HIV positive patients is difficult because of lack of sharp diagnosis means and epidemiology knowledge. The aim of this study was to de


Pneumocystes carini pneumonia in aids cases in Mumbai, India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10249)
Kolambkar SR, Bhave GG;;; Seth G.S. medical college, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND:- Number. of HIV infected individuals progressing to AIDS with apportunistic infections is incrising in Mumbai, India . This report discribs uncommonly reported Pneumocystis carini, pneumonia, in AIDS cases in Mumbai. METHODS:- induced sputum samples and braonchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from 214 clinica


Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the highly active antiretroviral era: increased prevalence in people of color.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10250)
O'Brien JG, Gooze L, Lee SA, Nix D;;; Santa Clara Valley Health and Hospital System, University of California, San Francisco, University of Pacific, San Jose, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: In the past few years, patients unaware of their HIV status have presented with moderate to severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ). Of interest PCP cases seemed to cluster at certain times of the year.


Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia: A major cause of infections among AAFB sputum smear negative patients admitted to Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10251)
Worodria WW, Okot-Nwang MO, Yoo SD, Aisu AT;;; Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: Up to 60% of HIV infected patients develop pulmonary complications during their illness. Tuberculosis (TB) is a common cause of such infections. Sputum smear negative TB is common in advanced AIDS disease. African studies have found varied rates of pulmonary infections in HIV patients. This study was conduc


Histoplasmosis of the Larynx in HIV Woman Patient.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10252)
Gulotta H, Olenchuk A, Dure R, Bava J, Troncoso A;;; Infectious Diseases Francisco Muniz Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Laryngeal Histoplasmosis was first described in 1952. Since then, fewer than 100 cases had been reported. METHODS: We report a 30-year-old woman, IDU, with prolonged fever > 102 F persisting > 6 weeks, weight loss, disphagia, upper respiratory symptoms who developed laryngitis with dyspnoea, dysnea, cough a


Oral lesions associated to human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in individuals without antiretroviral treatment in Bogota (Colombia).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10253)
Montoya JH;;; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
BACKGROUND. Oral disease may represent the first sign of the disease in HIV-infected individuals and have been shown to be highly predictive marker of severe immunosuppression and disease progression. A review of the literature shows that there is hardly any published data on oral manifestations of HIV infection or AID


The treatment of cryptococcal meningitis at Centre de Traitement Ambulatoire de Pointe-Noire.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10254)
Tchissambou TT;;; Doctor of medecine, Pointe-Noire, Congo
BACKGROUND: Among the factus that decrease the situation of HIV patients, we can find at a good place cryptococcal infection mainly when located in meningitis. In Africa, mainly at Pointe-Noire, HAART are not available and protocols against cryptococcal meningitis are not easy to conduct. We will share the experience o


Epidemiological and clinical features of Cutaneous Mycoses in HIV-positive patients in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10255)
Silva BC, Paula CR, Yoshioka MC, Nunes RS, Castro LG, Santos JI, Gambale W;;; USP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are prone to opportunistic infections. In addition, numerous HIV-positive patients also present cutaneous mycoses caused by filamentous fungi or yeasts, particularly dermatophytes and species of Candida genus. In these patients, the clinical and diagnosti


Comparative treatment and prophylaxis of P.marneffei in HIV infectived patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10256)
Natpratan C;;; CDC Region10, Chiangmai, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Primary treatment of P.marneffei infection, Secondary prophylaxis with oral Itraconazole is well tolerated and prevents relapse of this opportunistic infection but still high cost than ketoconazole . METHOD: Multi Center prospective cohort study in 20 hospital in Upper Northern part of Thailan


Comparative initial treatment and prophylaxis of P.marneffei in HIV infectived patients : Northern part of Thailand.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10257)
Natpratan C, Kunawararak P, Piyakul S, Suwanbongkot P, Chanmangkang S, Sirisanthana T, Suppraratpinyo K;;; CDC region 10, Chiangmai, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Primary treatment of P.marneffei infection, Secondary prophylaxis with oral Itraconazole is well tolerated and prevents relapse of this opportunistic infection but still high cost . METHOD: Multi Center prospective cohort study was conduct in 20 hospitals in Upper Northern part of Thailand . Sys


Oral Candida colonization in perinatal HIV-exposed children.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10258)
Hornke L, Colombo A, Machado DM, Barros A, Succi RC;;; UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Candida spp infections are usually a consequence of endogenous colonization and are one of the most frequent opportunistic infection in HIV-infected children. The objective of this study was to evaluate oral Candida spp colonization in HIV-exposed children during the first year of life. METHODS: 108 HIV-exp


Cryptococcus neoformans infections in persons living with HIV/AIDS that attend to urban hospitalary clinic.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10259)
Brol CG, Cotton L, Samayoa B, Paz L, Samayoa CA, Quattrini E, Gonzalez M, Velasquez-Porta T, Arathoon E;;; Asociacion de Salud Integral ASI, Guatemala, Guatemala
BACKGROUND: Cryptococcosis is an infection caused by the yestlike intracelular facultative encapsulated fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, a highly virulent organism. Before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996, C. neoformans had a prevalence among the AIDS patients group between 8 to 1


Renal abscess by Aspergillus fumigatus in HIV-infected patient.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10260)
Mesquida J, Sala M, Navarro M, Jimenez R, Font B, Serrate G, Segura F;;; Corporacio Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Spain
BACKGROUND. Infection by Aspergillus is very infrequent in HIV-infected patients. We present the case of a patient with isolated renal abscess by Aspergillus fumigatus. PATIENT. 46 y. Male, HIV+ (stage C3), hepatic cirrhosis by CHV. Admitted due to fever and left lumbar pain. Imaging explorations (US/CT) showed a 15 cm


Disseminated histoplasmosis: scondary prophylaxis suspension in patients under haart.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10261)
Pugliese DV, Galache V, Helou S, Negroni R;;; Hospital de infecciosas F.J.Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
OBJECTIVES: To assess the evolution of patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) that were suspended Itraconazol as a secondary prophylaxis (SP) for Histoplasmosis METHOD: Retrospective observation of 3 patients with the antecedent of disseminated Histoplasmosis (DH) who received Itraconazol as SP. We


A comparative study of amphotericin B, fluconazole and caspofungin for out patient antibiotic therapy (OPAT) of infections caused by Candida sp in people living with AIDS (PLWA).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10262)
Arathoon E, Rivera BE, Samayoa B;;; Clinica Familiar Luis Angel Garcia Asociacion de Salud Integral, Guatemala, Guatemala
BACKGROUND: With the AIDS epidemic in countries where HAART treatment is not available, PLWA frequently present with severe esophagic and oropharyngeal candidosis, their treatment requires hospitalization which is costly and inconvenient. OPAT could be a cost-effective mode of IV therapy in PLWA. Amphotericin B (AmB) a


Paracoccidioidomycosis and AIDS. Is it an oportunistic infection?
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10263)
Schwarzbold AV, Fauci D;;; complexo hospitalar santa casa, porto alegre, Brazil
The paracoccidiodomycosis (PCM) is one of the most important systemic mycoses in Latin America. The etiologic agent is Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis. It is usually manifested as a chronic, progressive disease of adult men. It has the ability to remain dormant for long period of time until the resistant host becomes immu


Correlates of malaria parasitemia among HIV-infected pregnant women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10264)
Msamanga GI, Villamor E, Habib N, Kapiga S, Antelman G, Fawzi WW;;; Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
BACKGROUND. Malaria and HIV infection are major causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The prevalence and correlates of malaria among HIV infected pregnant women are unknown. METHODS. Among 1075 HIV positive, pregnant women participating in a clinical trial of vitamin supplementation in


Frecuency of visceral leishmaniasis relapses in HIV infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10265)
Mira JA, Corzo JE, Rivero A, de la Torre J, Macias J, Lozano F, Jurado R, Kindelan JM, Pineda JA;;; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Seville, Spain
BACKGROUND: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has decreased the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in HIV infected patients. However, in some studies it have shown that HAART is not effective to prevent the relapses in patients with a previous VL. The aim of this study was to assess


Simultaneous visceral and cutaneous Leishmaniasis in HIV infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10266)
Marques S, Aldomiro F, Camoes AC, Pereira J, Filho D, Baptista AM, Pacheco MH, Malhado JA;;; Hospital de Curry Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal
Introduction: Over the last decade various authors have presented cases in which Leishmaniasis is associated with human imunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In this context, visceral leishmaniasis continues to be the most frequently described, although cutaneous forms have also been found. The simultaneous presentati


Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in an adolescent presenting early after highly active antiretroviral therapy: another immunoreconstitution syndrome?
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10267)
Ramos JT, Gonzalez-Tome MI, Sanchez-Granados JM, Carreno MP, Rojo P, Ruiz-Contreras J;;; Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND:.Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is common in HIV-1 infected individuals in Southern Europe. Although the incidence appears to have declined in the era of HAART, VL may occur in patients with good virological response. Nevertheless, VL has seldom been reported in children and adolescents and rarely early after t


Atypical Molluscum Contagiosum (MC) Infection in an HIV-Infected Patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10268)
Braunstein S, Rodriguez Rios E, Gulotta H, Bisione F, Troncoso A, Santucho E;;; Infectious Diseases Francisco Muniz Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: MC, affects about 5-10% of patient with HIV infection, often showing extensive, confluent and atypical lesions. METHODS: Our objective was to present on the clinical aspect of two HIV-infected patients with atypical and severe MC. Patient 1: A 35-year-old patients was admitted with confluent masses of up to


Topical cidofovir for the treatment of Human papilloma virus, Poxvirus and Herpes simplex virus infections in HIV+ patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10269)
Toutous-Trellu L, Saurat JH, Hirschel B, Pechere M;;; Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
BACKGROUND: Cidofovir (Vistide®) is a nucleoside analogue approved for Cytomegalovirus retinitis treatment. Its wide antiviral spectrum includes Poxvirus involved in Molluscum contagiosum lesions, HPV producing verruca and condylomata and Herpes simplex virus.


The effect of cytomegalovirus retinitis on quality of life of patients with AIDS in the HAART era.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10270)
Wu AW, Kempen J, Martin BK, Jabs DA;;; John Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effect of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis on quality of life (QOL) in AIDS. METHODS: Multi-center, cross-sectional study of patients with AIDS age >13 years enrolled at 19 US centers between 9/98 and 3/01. Patients were in three groups: Newly diagnosed CMV retinitis (median months since di


Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B in pregnant women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10271)
Owusu-Boateng J, Adu-Sarkodie Y;;; Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Kumasi, Ghana
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus can be transmitted from mother to child in utero. The sequela of infection in children can be phenomenal. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in pregnant women attending an ante natal clinic in Ghana . The results will better inform our


Histology and clinical behavior of lung cancer in patients with AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10272)
Cone LA, Wilson J;;; Eisenhower Med Center, Rancho Mirage, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in the United States , being diagnosed in about 99,000 men and 78,000 women annually. Eighty-six percent of patients die within 5 years of diagnosis. More than 40% of patients with HIV-infection develop cancer during their illness, and Kaposi s sarcoma, inte


Prolonged remission of PEL with anti-HHV8 therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10273)
Wallace MR, Johnson KB, Looney DJ;;; San Diego Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: Primary effusion lymphoma is an HHV8 associated malignancy. Standard chemotherapy often produces a brief remission, but long term survival is rare. The role of anti-HHV8 agents in PEL therapy is unknown; a single care of long-term remission utilizing cidofovir and interferon therapy has b


Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in HIV-infected women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10274)
Ferrero S, Cristoforoni P, Biasotti B, Fulcheri E, Bentivoglio G;;; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Genova, Genova, Italy
BACKGROUND: to determine: 1) whether the pathology correlates with the degree of immunosuppression, 2) whether there is a relation between pathology and antiretroviral therapies, 3) whether Papanicolau smears correlate with colposcopic and histological findings, 4) whether there is rapid genital disease progression aft


Lung Cancer and HIV Infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10275)
Bachs MR, Guitart R, Deig E, Soler A, Hernandez-Bronchud M, Barbeta E, Pedrol E;;; Internal Medicine, Hospital General de Granollers, Granollers. Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: Although it is known that there is an increase risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi s sarcoma in HIV-infected patients, other malignant tumours could be associated with HIV infection. Some cases of lung cancer have been described in these patients, however the clinical-epidemiological relevance of this r


Characteristics of immune reconstitution syndrome in a community clinical setting.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10276)
GatheJr. JC, Schrader S, Mayberry C, Stool E, Piot D;;; Therapeutic Concepts, Donald R. Watkins Memorial Foundation, Houston, United States
BACKGROUND: Immune Reconstitution Syndrome (IRS) has been described in the early weeks of HAART therapy. Characteristics have not been well described in community setting pts. METHODS: From 1999 -2001 33 pts. developed severe infections and/or neoplasia within a few weeks of HAART therapy. All were identified and follo


Visceral Kaposi's Sarcoma as an AIDS presenting diagnosis during pregnancy - rapid progression despite antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10277)
Hurtado RM, Theisen W, Goldberg J, Bryant A, Chen K, Genc M, Kaye K, Yawetz S;;; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston MA, United States
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the course of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) during pregnancy or its response to antiretroviral therapy in women. We report a case of visceral KS presenting during pregnancy with an aggressive course despite combination antiretroviral therapy. Case description: 26 year old Cape Verdean woman wa


Inasive cervical cancer and HIV infection in Kenya.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10278)
Gichangi P, de Vuyst H, Estambale B, Bwayo J, Rogo K, Abwao HO, Temmerman M;;; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: Invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is one of the commonest cancers affecting women worldwide. HIV infection is a risk factor for premalignant cervical lesions and rapid progression of HPV related lesions. HIV seroprevalence among women with ICC in Kenya is unknown.


HIV-associated multicentric castleman`s disease (MCD) managed by intermittent - oral etoposide on request.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10279)
Jaegel-Guedes E, Bogner JR, Hoffmann C, Jaeger H;;; KIS-Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munich, Germany
BACKGROUND: Multicentric Castleman`s disease (MCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. In HIV-infected individuals it is associated with HHV8 and the development of Kaposi`s sarcoma. Clinical features comprise periodical fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia and pe


Cutaneous plasmacytoma in a HIV patient.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10280)
Laurido MF, Civitilo C, Rovo A, Cassetti LI;;; Helios Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Introduction: HIV infection is a risk factor to develop several neoplasms. However, some tumors are observed more frequently in AIDS patients but their association with HIV is not well established. We present the case of a HIV infected man receiving HAART who develop a cutaneous plasmacytoma. Case presentation: This is


Pneumocystis treatment in AIDS: from atovaquone (AVQ) to other less toxic ubiquinone (UQ) (= co-enzyme Q) (CoQ) analogs : artemisinin and beta-resorcylic acid, 2 active drugs against plasmodium.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10281)
Richert A, Caprani A, Kirkiacharian S, Nguyen DX, Tran MK, Maurrisson G;;; Association Positifs, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: AVQ (hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone ; 566C80), an anti-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) agent in HIV infection, is an anti-protozoal analog of UQ or CoQ. In Plasmodium, AVQ site of action appears to be the mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex (complex III). Inhibition of electron transport by AVQ results i


Squamous Intraepitelial Lesion (SIL) prevalence and risk of relapsing after treatment in HIV positive women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10282)
Barelli A, Bergamin L, Panese S, Rocchetto P, Raise E;;; Infectious Disease Dpt Umberto I Hospital - SS Giovanni e Paolo Hospital, Mestre - VE, Italy
BACKGROUND: SIL is an increasingly common problem in HIV-infected individuals and there is evidence that human Papilloma virus( HPV )-related anogenital SIL are more common in HIV-positive individuals than in HIV-negative. METHODS: In our clinic for Sexually Transmitted Disease(STD), twice a year HIV infected women are


Abnormal cervical findings in HIV-positive women: a role for colposcopy?
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10283)
Pavia C, Peroni M, Migliore G, Piselli P, Orchi N, Calcaterra S, Serraino D, Ippolito G;;; National Institute for Infectious Disease L. Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: Evidence of colposcopic findings in HIV infected women are scanty, though colposcopy may be useful in improving the diagnostic accuracy of sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The purpose of this study was to compare the colposcopic and cytological findings in HIV-positive women METHODS: 178 HIV-positive wo


Castleman's Disease in HIV positive patients; a Presentation of five cases.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10284)
Schrage D, Goelkel L, Mueller M, Heise W, Neudeck H, Weiss R, Arasteh K;;; II. Department of Internal Medicine, Infectiology, Auguste-Viktoria-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
BACKGROUND: Castleman s Disease describes a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders, the etiology of which has never clearly explained. The multicentric Castleman s Disease (MCD) is a systemic disease with various outcomes. It is associated with a human herpes virus 8 (HHV 8) infection. Histologically MCD


Arterial hypertension in HIV patients on HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10285)
Gomez F, Cousinou M, Trouillhet I, Herran M, Escobar M, Fernandez FJ, Orihuela FM;;; Department of Medicine. Hospital Universitario Puerto Real/SAS. University of Cadiz, School of Medicine, Cadiz, Spain
BACKGROUND: HAART-induced metabolic alterations (insulin resistance and dyslipemia), are similar to those frequently found in patients with essential arterial hypertension (AHT). OBJECTIVES: We have prospectively followed a cohort of HIV patients on HAART to assess the prevalence of AHT and its potential relationship t


Breast masses in HIV infected men: a case series.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10286)
Aronson NE, Hawkes CA, Bernstein WB;;; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Little guidance exists to assist the clinician with the management of a unilateral breast mass in a HIV infected man. Gynecomastia has been described in men treated with efavirenz and protease inhibitors less commonly than in women. METHODS: This is a description of seven men,


A randomized, open label, controlled study on the use of anabolic steroids, nutritional supplementation and exercise for HIV-positive males.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10287)
Schrader S, Vergel N;;; Montrose Clinic / Body Positive, Houston, United States
BACKGROUND: The study evaluated the efficacy of exercise and nutritional counseling/supplementation (NSC) +/- anabolic steroids in HIV-positive males with unintentional weight loss of greater than 5%. METHODS: Thirty HIV-Positive males on stable anti-retroviral therapy were randomized to one of two treatment arms for 1


Abacavir induced diabetes mellitus due to severe beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10288)
Woerle HJ, Jaeger H, Sovric M, Lueddeke H, Renner R, Gerich J;;; Diabetes Center Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany
Introduction: This is a case of a Abacavir induced diabetes mellitus in a 34 years old male african subject. HIV infection has been known for nine years and been treated with Efavirenz , AZT


Comparison of cardiovascular risk factors between HIV-infected patients and non-infected general population.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10290)
Benito R, Pinilla J, Labarga P, Anton F, Ramalle-Gomara E, Ramalle-Gomara E, Mosquera D, mez-Alamillo C, Brea A;;; CH San Millan San pedro, Logrono, Spain
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral tretament (HAART) and to compare it to non-infected general population. Also, to ascertain if patients receiving protease inhibitors (PI) have a higher prevalence


Development of a simple questionnaire to assess changes in body appearance among antiretroviral (ar) naive hiv-infected patients (pts).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10291)
Shlay JC, El-Sadr WM, Bartsch G, Mullin C, Gilbert C, Visnegarwala F, Carr A, Rappoport C, Raghavan S;;; Denver Public Health, Denver, United States
BACKGROUND: Body appearance changes have been reported among HIV-infected pts. Various methods have been used to assess changes, (questionnaires, body measurements, CT/DEXA scans), the latter limited by cost and complexity. There is a need for a simple and validated questionnaire. METHODS: A 10-item questionnaire was a


The effect of HIV disease and demographic factors on lipid parameters in a large antiretroviral naive cohort.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10292)
El-Sadr WM, Bartsch G, Mullin C, Carr A, Visnegarwala F, Rappoport C, Gibert C, Raghavan S;;; Terry Beirn Community Program for Clinical Research on AIDS, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Studies of lipids changes among HIV-infected patients (pts) are limited by the variability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) history, limited demographic diversity and non-fasting specimens. The impact of HIV disease markers on lipid levels was assessed in heterogeneous population of ART naive pts. METHODS: S


Chlamydia Pneumoniae infection and lipid abnormalities in HIV-positive patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10293)
Tositti G, Rassu M, Fabris P, Scagnelli M, Giordani MT, Cazzavillan S, Zoppelletto M, de Lalla F;;; Departments Of Infectious Disease, Vicenza, Italy
Lipid abnormalities are relatively common in HIV-positive patients, particularly after the introduction of HAART. Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) is considered an important co-factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and seems per se responsable of lipid abnormalities. The prevalence of CP infection and its role in indu


Intradermal polylactic acid for severe HIV associated facial lipoatrophy: preliminary results.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10294)
Day JN, Raabe A, Shiner AM, Wilkins EG;;; Monsall Unit, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: HIV associated facial lipoatrophy (FLA) is an increasing problem in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), and has marked effects on self-esteem and social functioning. Patient concerns about FLA may lead to reduced adherence and limit treatment choices with impacts on overall health. Intradermal


Lipodystrophy classifications: a comparative approach.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10295)
Orlando G, Guaraldi G, Murri R, Nardini G, Beghetto B, Wu A, Sterrantino GK, Borderi M, Cattelan AM, Antinori A, Sbaragli S, Grosso C, Erba C, Talo S, Esposito R;;; Universita di Modena, Modena, Italy
BACKGROUND: No consensus exists in lipodystrophy diagnosis. Three major classification have been proposed: Marrakech, MACS, HOPS. The aim of this study is to compare the three classifications on the basis of relationship to physician evaluations and patient self-estimate and concordance between physician and patient. M


Efficacy and safety of lipid-lowering agents in HIV-infected patients on HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10296)
Moreno JN, Gutierrez LF, Scerpella EG, Ferron P, Boulanger C;;; University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, United States
BACKGROUND: Metabolic complications, including dyslipidemias and lipodystrophy (LD), are described in HIV patients on HAART. While the etiology remains obscure, medications are commonly prescribed to treat these abnormalities. Drug interactions and the potential for toxicities may limit the success of lipid-lowering th


Dislipidemia and lipodystrophy associated to ARV treatment based in Abacavir, Nevirapine and Efavirenz.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10297)
Alvarado-Diez Rocio AD, Feregrino-Goyos FG, Ruiz-Campos Omar. RC, Mireles- Vyera Maria MV, Gomez-Caro Humberto GC;;; CITAID, SC. Centro de Investigacion y Terapeutica Avanzada en Inmunodeficiencias, SC., Mexico, City, D.F., Mexico
BACKGROUND. Lipodystrophy and hyperlipidemia are metabolic complications less frequent been see in HIV patients treated with abacavir, nevirapine or efavirenz plus 2NIRT. OBJECTIVES.Looking for the incidence of lipodystrophy and hyperlipidemia in HIV patients treated with ARV combined based in ABACAVIR, NEVIRAPINE or E


HCV infection influences lipid abnormalities in HIV/HCV co-infected patients ungergoing HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10298)
Patroni A, Torti C, Castelli F, Tomasoni L, Puoti M, Cadeo GP, Vangi D, Tinelli C;;; Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Introduction: Lipid abnormalities are among the most frequent metabolic disorders in HIV pts under HAART. HCV co-infection has been suggested to influence cholesterol and triglycerides plasma levels in HIV patients in across-sectional study. OBJECTIVES: to assess prospectively the influence of HCV co-infection on treat


Report of breast enlargement in eleven HIV patients treated with HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10299)
Ribas MA, Delibes C, Riera M, Leyes M, Salas A, Villalonga C;;; Hospital Son Dureta, Palma, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To report eleven cases of gynecomastia in HIV-infected patients, detected in the last twenty months in a HIV clinical who attends 1.162 HIV patients. METHODS: Is a descriptive study based on the dates collected from the clinical chart of the HIV patients which consulted for painful breast enlargement. RESULT


The effect of a liquid nutritional supplement containing omega (n)-3 fatty acids on HIV-related hypertriglyceridemia.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10300)
Ionescu G, He Q, Luty B, Engelson ES, Albu JB, Kotler DP;;; St.Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York City, NY 10025, United States
BACKGROUND: Metabolic alterations among HIV+ patients treated with HAART include dyslipidemia, which suggests increased risk of heart disease. Studies in non-HIV show these metabolic alterations and by extension the atherogenic process may be modified by n-3 fatty acids, through reduction of circulating triglycerides (


Factors associated with abnormal glucose tolerance tests in HIV -- infected persons receiving HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10301)
Falutz J, Gardiner R, Frouah F;;; Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
BACKGROUND: HAART is associated with body shape and metabolic changes, including insulin resistance (IR), known as the Lipodystrophy (LIPO) syndrome. Screening for IR, a risk factor for atherosclerosis, includes: lengthly tests (oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]); derived results (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA]);


Lack of significant changes in blood pressure of HIV+ subjects, even after long -term use of PI therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10302)
Yao LK, O'Riordan M, Lederman MM, Valdez H, Gripshover B, Rodriguez B, Salata R, McComsey GA;;; Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, United States
BACKGROUND: Hypertension (HTN) has been linked to indinavir treatment and to lipodystrophy in HIV-infected subjects. We assess here changes in BP in HIV-infected patients receiving their first HAART regimen. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 81 HIV+ patients receiving their first HAART regimen for > 3 months.


Long-term use of recombinant human growth hormone.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10303)
Corales RB, Fine SM, Valenti WM, Mang KM, Christie ML;;; Community Health Network, Rochester, United States
BACKGROUND: Very few data exist concerning recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in the treatment of patients with AIDS wasting syndrome (AWS); even fewer data exist for HIV-associated adipose redistribution syndrome (HARS). Moreover, no data exist with long-term use of rhGH beyond 12 to 24 weeks. METHODS: We describ


Evaluation of metabolic status and incidence of lipodistrophy under different HAART regimens in patientes with AIDS coinfected with multi-drug resistant mycobacterium Tuberculosis.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10304)
Waisman JL, Gurtubay JL, Rizzone MR, Palmero DJ, Alberti FA, Francos JL;;; Hospital F. J. Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: The mortality of TBMR-associated AIDS had diminished substantialy with the use of second-line anti-TB drugs and the rapid administration of HAART. The toxity and appareance of HAART-associated lipodistrophy conspires against efficacy and adherence to treatment. OBJECTIVES: Describe the prevalence and incide


Lipidic alterations in AIDS patients in use of antiretroviral therapy regimen containing lopinavir/ritonavir.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10305)
Ribeiro JE, Santos NA, Pilotto JH, Roy LO, Moreno AM, Pires ML;;; DST/AIDS-Hospital Geral de Nova Iguacu(HGNI), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Among the most frequent metabolic alteration associated to the use of antiretroviral(ARV) are the dislipideousnes(DL). This study evaluate, in AIDS patients(pts) in use of ARV therapy rescue regimen containing lopinavir/ ritonavir (lopinavir/r), the changing of triglyceridics(TG), total cholesterol(COL), HD


Reducing visceral fat accumulation, and blood lipid disorders in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy by an aerobic training program.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10306)
Thoni GJ, Fedou C, Renard E, Mercier J, Reynes J, Varray A;;; University of Sports Sciences, Montpellier, France
BACKGROUND: Few efficient therapies are available to reduce central fat and dyslipidemia in HIV1-lipodystrophic patients. This study tried to assess the effects of an aerobic training program on these disorders. METHODS: 24 lipodystrophic or dyslipidemic infected adults were studied before and after 18 weeks of a light


Prevalence of silent myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic HIV patients with dyslipidemia detecting with dobutamine stress echography.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10307)
Riveline JP, Habis M, Lardoux H, Mourgeon B, Kousignian P, Toledano I, Devidas A;;; Hopital Sud-Francilien, Service d'Endocrinologie, Corbeil Essonnes, France
BACKGROUND: HIV infection is associated with, compound-specific dyslipidemia. The risk of premature atherosclerosis due to HIV infection remains to be establish. The five specific cases we observed in young patients and some examples found in litterature let us to evaluate the risk of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) i


Lipodystrophy in an HIV negative patient treated with antiretrovirals.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10308)
Ward DJ;;; Dupont Circle Physicians Group, Washington, DC, United States
BACKGROUND: Lipodystrophy is a syndrome of fat redistribution and associated metabolic changes. The cause of this syndrome is uncertain; while there is evidence that antiretroviral medications are causative, there is also evidence that immune or demographic factors may be more important. This is a case report of a pati


Body composition in men and women with HIV-associated adipose redistribution syndrome (HARS).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10309)
Thompson M, Moe A, Kotler DP, Engleson EF, Grunfeld C, Gertner J, Muurahainen N;;; AIDS Research Consortiumof Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
BACKGROUND: It is unclear how fat maldistribution varies in male (F) and female (F) patients (pts) with HARS. In this analysis, HARS pts selected by waist circum-ference (WC) and waist/hip ratio (WHR) criteria (Chang, 2000, 2001) were compared by gender to healthy controls from SLRHC. METHODS: In a multicenter trial, a


Prevalence of body fat redistribution and metabolic alterations in a cohort of African Americans and Latinos.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10310)
Chowdhury N, Raghavan S, Levine K, Iqbal S, Im A, El-Sadr W;;; Columbia University/ Harlem Hospital Center, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Limited data are available on the prevalence of body fat redistribution and metabolic alterations in HIV+ African Americans (AA) and Latinos. METHODS: 179 males & 126 females were recruited from Harlem Hospital between 1998 and 2001. Self-reported changes including fat accumulation at the abdominal, bre


Clinical Characteristics of HIV -1 peruvians patients in the National Hospital Hipolito Unanue-Lima- Peru.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10311)
Callacna MC, Sanchez E;;; Infectology Unit HospitaL National Hipolito UnanueATIONALp, Lima, Peru
BACKGROUND: Nearly of 70,000 peruvians are infected with Human Inmunodeficiency virus. Most of them developed inmunosuppression resulting in opportunistic infections and less frequent tumors. METHODS: We describe the clinical characteristics of HIV-1 patients in the outpatient Clinic in the Infectology Unit at the Nati


Primary central nervous system lymphomas in AIDS patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10312)
Corti ME, Villafane Fioti MF, Schtirbu RB, Yampolsky CG;;; F.J.Muniz Infectious Diseases Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) occurs frequently in patients with AIDS and is the most common neoplasm in these patients. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical manifestations, neuroimaging findings, diagnosis methods, histologic characteristics, detection of DNA-EBV by PCR and outcome of 14 HI


The utility of neuropsychological and functional outcome measures for HIV+ Spanish-speakers: A pilot study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10313)
Mindt MR, Cherner M, Bentley H, Esquivel MM, Heaton RK, Marcotte TD, McCutchan JA, Grant I;;; University of California, San Diego Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center (HNRC), San Diego, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV-associated neuropsychological (NP) impairment is related to declines in employment and independence. In the U.S., Latinos account for a disproportionate rate of AIDS cases, and many are primarily Spanish-speaking. Anticipating the inclusion of Spanish-speakers in clinical trials, linguistically/cultural


Neuro-surveillance in HIV cohort from Indore, India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10314)
Khare KC, Raman P, Vaish N, Pathak S, Galwankar S, Persad A, Naik E, Sinnott J;;; MGM Medical College, Indore, India
BACKGROUND: HIV has a complicated patho-physiology, and although detectable during the course of the disease, are often diagnosed post-mortem. The presence of these neurological changes may be an important symptom to indicate the necessity of testing for HIV. The study was conducted at the Center for Health, HIV/AIDS,


Psychological assessment in the first 100 patients of the indore HIV cohort.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10315)
Pathak S, Tripathi S, Mathew V, Raman P, Vaish N, Khare K, Galwankar S, Persad A, Naik E, Sinnott J;;; University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric manifestations are found in many HIV patients due to the stressors associated with living with a terminal disease, i.e. economic status, stigmatization, and fear of death. The treatment of these mental illnesses is often needed but secondary to the treatment of HIV itself. The study was conducte


CNS infections in AIDS patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10316)
Salam J, Chugh S, Yadav P, Shrivastava D, Bharat B, Sethi A, Verma U;;; Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
BACKGROUND: CNS infection is a fatal infection among AIDS patients. The aim of the study was to find out its etiology, characteristics and frequency among HIV infected patients. METHODS: A perspective study was conducted at Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India of all cases of CNS infectio


Impact of cognitive impairment on quality of life in HIV-infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10317)
Tozzi V, Balestra P, Murri R, Galgani S, Bellagamba R, Narciso P, Antinori A, Giulianelli M, Tosi G, Fantoni M, Noto P, Ippolito G, Wu AW;;; INMI L Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: To examine the impact of HIV-related cognitive impairment (CI) on health-related quality of life (QoL). METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Subjects completed a neuropsychological (NP) test battery and the MOS-HIV QoL questionnaire. CI was defined as performance > one standard deviation (SD) below the normative


Effect of vitamin supplementation on the neuropsychological development over the first 2 years of life of children born to HIV infected women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10318)
McGrath NM, Msamanga G, Hertzmark E, Manji K, Hunter D, Fawzi WW;;; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
BACKGROUND: As the number of children born to HIV infected mothers in developing countries increases, it is imperative to understand the neuropsychological development in these children. Maternal vitamin supplementation may be expected to improve child development. METHODS: As part of a clinical trial to study vitamin


Use of computed tomography scan in the diagnosis of HIV-1 related treatable central nervous system opportunistic infections in Uganda.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10319)
Mayanja-Kizza H, Kabugo C, Mugerwa R;;; Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 related central nervous system (CNS) opportunistic infections (OIs) are common causes of morbidity and mortality in Africa, especially where antiretroviral treatment is not widely available. Meningitis may easily be diagnosed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination. However, CNS OIs presenting with f


Oral pathologies observed in HIV-positive children in Venezuela.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10320)
Guerra ME, Albornoz E, Tovar V, Rodriguez AI;;; Universidad Central de Venezuela, Servicio Enfermedades Infectocontagiosas, Caracas, Venezuela
The first experience of our department with HIV-positive children occurred in 1998. treatment was performed under general anesthetic in the operating room of our College. To date the Department has treated 41 HIV-positive children. The objective of this study is to present the oral pathologies most frequently observed


Clinical manifestation of leishmaniasis in HIV/AIDS - a study of six cases at Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10321)
Salam J, Chugh S, Shrivastava D;;; Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
BACKGROUND: There are a large number of kala azar cases in certain endemic areas of India , however its association with HIV/AIDS has not been reported in substantial number of cases. METHOD: 427 HIV infected (397 adults and 30 children) were seen over a period of two years in the medical out/in patient department of D


Comphrensive dental service to the patients with HIV / AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10322)
Guerra ME, Albornoz E, Tovar VC;;; Profesora, Caracas, Venezuela
The Department of Attention Services to the patients with infecto or contagious diseases,of the Dental School of The Central University of Venezuela , was created for the specific task to render specialized services to the patients with infecto or contagious diseases; HIV/AIDS;simple herpes; zoster herpes


Importance of the protesic rehabilitation in HIV/AIDS patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10323)
Lambertini A, Tovar V;;; Sapei, Caracas, Venezuela
The total or partial loss of the teeth affects the human beings from the psychological, social and functional perspective. In the positive patients this loss becomes more important since they are already psychologically depressed and not accepted socially, as a consequence they must maintain or recover good nutritional


Idiopathic Trombocytopenic Purpura as a form of presentation of HIV Infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10324)
Agostini M, Trape L, Suarez C, Careno E, Lupo S;;; CAICI, Rosario, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic Trombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is an unusual complication related to HIV. Our objective was to show three patients with ITP as a form of presentation of HIV infection. METHODS: We analyzed 600 medical record of patients HIV+ and found hematological abnormalities. RESULTS: three patients, 2 women a


No Hodgkin Lymphoma in the era of HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10325)
Somenzini C, Cerana S, Oberto D, Lupo S;;; CAICI, Rosario, Argentina
BACKGROUND: The incidence of NHL in HIV+ patients is 100 times > than in the general population, without changing its incidence with HAART. To describe the clinical characteristics and the response to treatment in a cohort of patients with NHL in the era of HAART. METHODS: there were checked 830 medical records from pa


Lung Nocardosis in women with AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10326)
Mantello D, Arbulu MM, Neuman M, Beraudo N, Amigot S;;; Infectology Service - Carrasco Hospital, Rosario, Argentina
Introduction: The infection caused by Nocardia as complication in aids patients is not very frecuent in our country. The main localizations of this infection are: lung, brain and skin. The mortality rate is bigger in aids inmunocompetent patients. METHOD: We describe one patient, female, 29 years old, diagnosed VIH (+)


Macrocytosis in patients under TAAE.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10327)
Radeliffe S, Careno E, Gilardoni N, Lupo S;;; Laboratorio Central Facultad de Bioquimica, Rosario, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Alterations in hemacytometric indexes are common in HIV+ patients, especially in advanced stages. Taking as highest maximum point an Average Corpuscular Volume 3 97fl., macrocytosis is associated with multiple modification, folie acid and vitamin B12 deficiency, and hepatopathologics. To assess the presence


The voice of HIV positive primary health care service users in South Africa.
Int conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10328)
[No authors listed];;;
BACKGROUND: The research was developed to inform the implementation of primary health care clinical guidelines. As part of a bigger process of identifying barriers and opprtunities in implementing this guidelines - HIV positive people were interveiwed on their experiences of using and not using public primary health ca


Are you HIV prejudiced? - an integrated media approach to tackling stigma and discrimination associated with HIV and AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10329)
Winestein K;;; Charity, London, United Kingdom
ISSUES: Over the last two decades HIV and AIDS has emerged as one of the most challenging public health problems in the UK. The HIV epidemic has been accompanied by intensely negative public reaction to people presumed to be living with or indeed affected by HIV and AIDS. Today, the stigma and discrimination associated


Long term efficacy of nevirapine based triple therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10330)
Greene RE, Ward DJ;;; Dupont Circle Physicians Group, Washington, DC, United States
BACKGROUND: Nevirapine (NVP) is a potent non-nucleoside RT Inhibitor that can be a convenient and well tolerated backbone for HAART therapy. Concerns remain, however, about the long term efficacy of a NVP based regimen. METHODS: Retrospective chart-review analysis of NVP based triple-drug therapy (NVP plus 2 nucleoside


Incidence of AIDS-related opportunistic infections in patients with and without HAART in Morocco.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10331)
Himmich H, Maaroufi A, Marih L, Chakib A;;; hospital, casablanca, Morocco
OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ( HAART) on the incidence of opportunistic infections (IOs) in a limited resource country, over a 30 months period. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Eligible patients were 216 HIV-1 positive patients attended in the infectious disease unit of


Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis among HIV infected patients in Morocco.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10332)
Sodqi M, Marih L, Marhoum El Filali K, Himmich H;;; Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
OBJECTIVES: To describe the characteristics of HIV/TB co-infection and to show the impact of HAART on this co-infection in Morocco , country with limited resource, low prevalence of HIV and high prevalence of TB ( TB incidence = 30000 new case/ year ). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Eligible patients were 966 HIV


Renal failure in HIV/AIDS - clinical experience at Jodhpur, India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10333)
Mathur A, Contractor T, Mathur A, Kishoria N, Kotru S, Baweja S;;; S N Medical College, Jodhpur, India
ISSUES: Renal failure is observed in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Underlying glomerular disease and disturbances in renal tubular function predispose them to a number of hemodynamic and nephrotoxic insults. Prerenal azotemia due to depletion of intravascular volume is the most common c


Eosinophilia in patients with HIV infection in Singapore.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10334)
Lim MY, Chan SP, Leo YS;;; Communicable disease centre, Singapore, Singapore
BACKGROUND: To assess i)frequency of eosinophilia in patients infected with HIV in Singapore ii)relation of eosinophilia with itching skin conditions iii)relation of CD4 cells with eosinophil level iv)relation of eosinophilia with both itching skin conditions and CD4 cells METHODS: This study was conducted at Communica


Hypogonadism &HIV wasting -- An Indian Scenario.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10335)
Kelkar D, Deshpande AK;;; Grant Medical College &Sir J J Hospital, Mumbai, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND: Wasting syndrome is an AIDS defining condition. Wasting significantly affects the quality of life, causes accelerated disease progression and decreases survival. Nutritional insults, chronic infections, malabsorption and hormonal abnormalities compound wasting. Testosterone being an anabolic hormone, we dec


The consultation of nursing with focus in the adherence.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10336)
Muller C, Preussler GM, Wacthholz NI, Piazza MG, Krilow I;;; SAE, Porto Alegre, Brazil
SUBJECT:The advent of antiretrovirais medicines,provided an increace of the life expectancy of the people who living with HIV/AIDS and one better quality of life. However for attimment of the waited results na adherence of 95% of prescribed medicines is necessary. The factors are innumerable that make it difficult this


Cardiac manifestations in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Yucatan, Mexico.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10337)
Castro-Sansores Carlos CS, ngora-Biachi Renan Alberto GB, Gonzalez-Martinez Pedro GM, Aguilar-Romero Rafael AR, Guerrero-Flores Alejandro GF, Yza-Villanueva Ruben YV, Quintal-Flores Alvaro QF, Fernandez-Gonzalez Armando FG, Saldivar-Armenta Carmen SA;;; Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
BACKGROUND. Cardiac irregularities caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have not been described in detail and tend to be subclinical. They are usually produced by opportunist agents in patients with lymphocites T CD4


Frequency of bucal pathologies in HIV-infected patients in Venezuela.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10338)
Tovar V, Lambertini A, Bravo IM;;; UCV, Caracas, Venezuela
The propouse of this study was to investigate the prevalence of bucal manifestation in HIV-infected patientes. The study populstion consisted of 384 patients (examined betwen january 1999 and may 2001) aged 35 +/- years who had been diagnosed with HIV-infection and who were attending the service of attention to patient


Long term HIV-infected survivors following GSPH-1 therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10339)
Amar MB, Morisset R, Ghadirian P;;; University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
BACKGROUND: Assess the efficacy and safety of GSPH-1, in a pilot study of HIV-infected subjects. METHODS: In march 1993, GSPH-1 was administered to 10 HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts ranging from 76 to 422 cells/mm3 at onset of treatment. During the first 3 years, GSPH-1 was used as a monotherapy. Then, it was co


Long-term safety and efficacy of nevirapine, stavudine and lamivudine in a real-world setting.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10340)
Farrell PC, Shalit P;;; University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
BACKGROUND - Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of protease-sparing regimens including NNRTIs in treatment-naive patients. Long-term side-effects of PIs, including lipodystrophy and hyperlipidemia, have led to consideravble interest in the use of the NNRTI as a first-line therapy. To date, however, only limi


Predictors of virological outcome to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in 340 naive patients with HIV-1 infection, Medellin - Colombia, 1997-2000.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10341)
Nagles J, Lopera A, Donado J, Arbelaez MP, Betancur J, Velez J, Jaramillo C, Ocasionez D;;; MD MSc Programa VIH/SIDA Seguro Social, Medellin, Colombia
BACKGROUND: To measure the effectiveness of HAART and to identify predictors associated with the virological response at six months of therapy, in patients with HIV-1 infection who had no prior experience with antiretroviral agents (naive), in an urban cohort of a developing country. METHODS: Historical cohort. We stud


A Prospective Study of Sequencing Strategies of Protease Inhibitor Based HAART: Salvagability of Amprenavir (APV) with Nelfinavir (NLF) based therapies among antiretroviral naive HIV-infected patients initiating therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10342)
Schrader SR, Rohde P, Musser J, Pottage J;;; Southampton Medical Group, Houston, United States
BACKGROUND: The sequencing of PIs is unknown. Both APV&NLF s unique resistance profiles may allow for salvage upon tx failure. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the activity of APV when used as initial tx & its salvagability w/ NLF. This study is designed to evaluate sequential PI therapies. METHODS:


Triple versus quadruple therapy with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in drug naive HIV-1 infected individuals with high baseline viral load.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10343)
Bucher HC, Taffe P, Mandalia S, Flepp M, Furrer HJ, Telenti A, Hirschel B, Bernasconi E, Vernazza G, Gazzard B, Battegay M;;; Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
OBJECTIVES: We investigated in a longitudinal analysis the impact of quadruple therapy (3 class regimen) in antiretroviral drug naive patients with high plasma HIV-1 viral load (> 100 000 copies per ml). Data from the Swiss HIV Cohort (SHCS) and the British London Cohort Study (BLCS) were used. METHODS: To assess wheth


Efficacy and affordability of 2 NRTI &1 NNRTI in India --an open study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10344)
Pandey VP, Saple DG, Vaidya S;;; Associate Professor Medicine,Incharge-HIV/AIDS Physician for M.P.,MGMMedical College,and MY Group of Hospitals,, Indore, India
BACKGROUND: In South -East Asia, India is having one of the worlds largest population of patients living with the HIV. Treatment offered to them in HAART is Zidovudine ,( AZT )


The igestion of aspirin and micronutrients by HIV ifected, ARV naive patients increses the CD4 count, IL-4 and IL-6 but reduces TNF-alpha and IL-2.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10345)
Sibanda EN, Stanczuk GA, Thompsen M, Sorenson AM;;; Medical School, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
BACKGROUND: The rates of infection with the HIV have reached epidemic levels in Zimbabwe . Management is constrained by the costs of the medicines and the costs of monitoring. We have investigated the purported role for aspirin in the management of HIV diseases. METHODS: We randomised20 anti-retroviral naive HIV+ mena


Tuberculosis disease in human immunodeficiency viruses infection following effective antiretroviral therapy : the senegalese Initiative to access to ARVs experience.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10346)
Diakhate ND, Sow Papa Salif PS, Ngom Gueye Ndeye Fatou NF, Diouf Louis Martin LM, Bara BN, Adama AN, Sofiatou ST, Gueye Papa Mandoumbe PM, Toure Kane Ndeye Coumba NC;;; Fann Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
BACKGROUND: Effective antiretroviral therapy leads to rapid decrease in plasma HIV-1 RNA, frequently followed by an increase in CD4 T-helper cell counts. The improvement of immune function during highly active antiretroviral therapy has important impact on natural history of AIDS-related opportunistic infections. METHO


A pilot study of saquinavir-SGC (Fortovase, SQV) 1000mg and lopinavir /ritonavir (LPV/r) twice daily in protease inhibitor naive (PIN) HIV+ individuals.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10347)
Hellinger J, Cohen CJ, Morris AB, Hall SS, Jackson-Pope L, de Caprariis PJ;;; Community Research Initiative of New England, Boston and Springfield, MA, United States
BACKGROUND: Four yr followup of the RTV/SQV study (ABT 462) showed sustained viral suppression in 39 PI naive subjects with NRTI intensification and in 44 with no intensification. Lipoatrophy was significantly more prevalent in subjects on NRTIs. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the Cmin, safety & antiviral activity in PI n


A pilot study of adherence and efficacy of abacavir and combivir in an HIV patient cohort selected to represent diversity - 48 week data.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10348)
Pao D, Erwin J, Kulasegaram R, Peters B;;; St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Efficacy of antiretroviral regimens depends on high levels of adherence, including required dose intervals. Clinical trials tend to exclude people with identified adherence issues, therefore under-representing diverse patient groups. Our study included a high proportion of patients with adherence issues or


Is it safe to switch to Tenofovir when individuals are virologically controlled on antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10349)
Nelson M, Bell C, Bower M, Pozniak A, Gazzard BG, Nelson M;;; Chelsea &Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Aim To assess the virological safety of switching a successful antiviral regimen to a tenofovir containing regime when viral load is undetectable (


Long term efficacy of treatment in HIV-1 experienced patients with lopinavir and ritonavir.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10350)
Raise E, Bechi P, Narne E, Bechi M, Rocchetto P;;; Infectious Disease Dpt. SS. Giovanni e Paolo, Umberto 1° Hospital, Venice, Italy
BACKGROUND: potent antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has shown encouraging results in HIV 1 infected patients (pts) but emergence of resistence is frequent. Lopinavir (LPV) and Ritonavir (RTV) ( Kaletra ) are known to cause benefit in experienced pts.


A multicenter, open-label, 24-week study with a 24-week extension to evaluate the efficacy and safety of indinavir sulfate (IDV/CRIXIVAN) 800 mg and ritonavir (RTV) 200 mg b.i.d. Plus 2 NRTIs b.i.d. in HIV-1 infected individuals failing initial PI therapy -- Full 48-WK Analysis (MERCK PROTOCOL 107).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10351)
Paar D, Katner H, Nadler J, Wilson H, Jensen E, Desai A, Finn TS, Zeldin R;;; University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
BACKGROUND: An efficacious treatment paradigm for patients (pts) failing initial PI therapy has not been established. This study is evaluating the efficacy and safety of a b.i.d. regimen of IDV-RTV 800/200 plus 2 NRTIs (one NRTI new to patient) in this population. METHODS: Open-label, multicenter, non-comparative, ongo


The impact of prior nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor experience on nelfinavir durability.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10352)
Palella FJ, Gathe J, Brutus A, Sension M, Allen B, Morrow P;;; Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, United States
Background and METHODS: To profile outcomes among NRTI experienced patients receiving first ever HAART with NFV and dual NRTIs, we undertook a chart review of patients who received >2 yrs of such therapy. RESULTS: Records from 1309 pts (76% male, 24% female) were evaluated. Mean yrs from HIV diagnosis was 6.4. Median b


Safety and efficacy of a lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-containing regimen in treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients at week 48.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10353)
Cimoch PJ, Ruane P, Mathews C, Tat SM, Luber AD, Ballard C, Okamoto C, Kakuda TN;;; Center for Special Immunology, Fountain Valley, United States
BACKGROUND: LPV/r and TDF represent new therapeutic options for antiretroviral (ARV) treatment-experienced patients. The efficacy, safety, tolerability and health related-quality of life (HR-QOL) of a LPV/r and TDF-containing regimen through 48 weeks was evaluated. METHODS: Patients unresponsive to multiple prior ARV r


Amprenavir in salvage therapy: good virological and immunological response in a cohort of 45 patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10354)
Bogner JR, Eberle J, Troendle U, Goebel FD;;; Dept. of Infect. Dis., Munich, Germany
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the virological response in heavily pretreated patients who were switched to an amprenavir (APV) containing regimen. METHODS: 45 consecutive patients were enrolled in this open label prospective analysis from 6/1999 to 12/2000. The mean age was 46.6 years +/- 11.2 at baseline.


Boosted dual PI Therapy: amprenavir/lopinavir/ritonavir provides improved immunologic outcome and maintains clinical stability in heavily pretreated patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10355)
Reyes FG, Chambliss P, Rusu D, Grossman HA;;; Polari Medical Group, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Many patients are highly antiretroviral-experienced and are resistant to existing agents. Amprenavir (APV) and lopinavir (LPV) may be boosted by ritonavir (r), and overcome genotypic and phenotypic resistance. METHODS: This is a proof-of-concept, retrosp


Immunologic and virological response to MegaHAART salvage therapies containing Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r) plus second protease inhibitor for highly experienced HIV-infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10356)
Torralba M, Rubio R, Pulido F, Costa A, Costa JR, Palacio A;;; Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: To determine the efficacy and tolerance of a mega-HAART salvage regimen containing KAL +IP +2NRTI +/- NNRTI in highly experienced HIV-infected patients. METHODS: prospective observational study with 25 highly antiretroviral (AR) experienced patients with documented resistance to all of the three classes of


Efficacy and durability of nelfinavir after initial virologic failure of an NNRTI regimen.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10357)
Cohen C, Royal M, Melton D, Gathe J;;; Community Research Initiative of New England, Boston, MA, United States
BACKGROUND: Approximately 80% of treatment naive HIV patients achieve a viral load (VL) of


Lopinavir/Ritonavir: High efficacy and low drop-out rates despite of metabolic toxicities.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10358)
Gersbacher E, Wolf E, Schardt J, Morbach K, Hoffmann C, Ruemmelein N, Sovric M, Buchberger A, Jaegel-Guedes E, Jaeger H;;; MUC Research GmbH, Munich, Germany
OBJECTIVES: To assess virological and immunological efficacies, metabolic toxicities and drop-out rates of lopinavir/ ritonavir (LPV/r, Kaletra ), a new antiretroviral drug. METHODS: Antiretrovirally pre-treated HIV-positive patients (pts) receiving LPV/r were monitor


Virological response and safety of Amprenavir plus Lopinavir/Ritonavir in heavily pre-treated patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10359)
Kulasegaram R, McCormick S, Shah R, Tong W, Peters B;;; St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Pharmacoenhancement of 2 PI s with ritonavir might offer increased potency over single PI enhancement in those with extensive prior experience. The potential disadvantages of this approach to salvage, namely increased pill burden or complexity of regimen, and possibly increased incidence of short and long-t


Use of genotypic resistance tests in the management of multidrug experienced HIV-1 infected subjects.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10360)
Milito C, Alonzi C, Pinter E, Muratori DS, Gramiccioni C, Galluzzo C, Palmisano L, Mezzaroma I;;; Div. of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Univ. La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: The use of genotypic resistance tests may help the choise of a new drug regimen in pluriexperienced HIV-infected patients. METHODS: We have evaluated clinical and immunovirological response in a group of 39 pluriexperienced HIV-infected subjects (28 M and 11 F) in which the new antiretroviral salvage regime


Body fat composition measured by computed tomography in HIV-infected patients during salvage therapy with regimens containing lopinavir/r: 24-week results.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10361)
Gallego JA, Padilla S, Ardoy F, Masia M, Ramos JM, Escolano C, Navarro A, Martin Hidalgo A, rez-Paya F, Gutierrez F;;; Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate body fat composition in HIV-infected patients (HIV+) during salvage therapy with regimens containing lopinavir/r (LPV/r). DESIGN: Longitudinal, observational study in 22 HIV+ with virologic failure with protease inhibitors enrolled in the Spanish LPV/r expanded access program. METHODS: The follow


Adverse effects of antiviral drugs reported on death certificates of HIV-infected persons.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10362)
Selik RM;;; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) contains codes for adverse effects of antiviral drugs (abbreviated here as ADVER)--931.7 and E961.7 in ICD-9 and Y41.5 in ICD-10--but they do not specify the particular adverse effects. OBJECTIVE: To determine which particular conditions were considered ADV


Sequential analysis of mitochondrial respiratory chain function of HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10363)
Lopez S, Miro O, Garcia M, Martinez E, Milinkovic A, Blanco JL, Predrol E, Beato A, Casademont J, Cardellach F;;; Muscle Research Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
BACKGROUND: It is believed that lipodystrophy (LD) associated to HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is closely related to mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) dysfunction. We support the idea that HIV-infected patients on HAART present progressive declain along time in MRC function i


The effect of NFV versus EFV on fasting lipid levels: interim analysis from a prospective randomized study in treatment naive patients (AG 1127).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10364)
Haubrich R, Miller C, Gathe J, Pearce D, Dretler R, Petersen C, Group AG;;; UCSD, San Diego, United States
BACKGROUND: Lipid elevations have been associated with protease inhibitors (PI) and variably associated with NNRTIs. Few studies formally compare the relative differences between PI and NNRTI containing HAART regimens. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of


Hypersensitivity skin rash and HIV viral load in patients initiated with nevirapine or abacavir.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10365)
Schmid ML, Mustafa M, Thaker HK, Price DA, Snow MH, Ong EL;;; Department of Infection &Tropical Medicine, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Hypersensitivity reactions are important early toxicities which lead to drug discontinuation and limit the choices of therapy. The reported incidence is 7-17% with nevirapine and 3-13% with abacavir . The risk factors for the development of hypersensitivi


Satisfaction with sexual life in HIV+ patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10366)
Murri R, Fantoni M, Borgo CD, Limongelli P;;; Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
OBJECTIVE: To assess prevalence and determinants of good or improved satisfaction with sexual life (SatSexL) in HIV+ pts in the new antiretrovirals (HAART) era. METHODS: Prospective, multicenter, cohort study on Italian HIV+ pts at any stage of disease. Consecutive patients were enrolled in 7 Italian Centers from 10/97


Evaluation of the mechanisms of drug related skin reactions in patients with HIV-1 infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10367)
Leti W, Mezzaroma I, Pinter E, Aiuti F;;; Dept.Clin.Med., Chair of All. and Clin.Immunology Univ.of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: HAART in HIV-1 infected subjects has shown up an increase of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and the frequency of ADRs to NNRTI, NRTI and PI and to investigate their immunological mechanisms. METHODS: We selected 34 patients with HIV-1 infection, fro


Growth hormone improves appearance and lean mass in lipoatrophic patients and these benefits are maintained with alternate day dosing.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10370)
Moyle GJ, Baldwin C, Langroudi B, Gazzard BG;;; Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) improves fat handling and lean body mass in persons with HIV. This may lead to improvements in the appearance of lipoatrophic and hypertrophic lipodystrophy. METHODS: Twelve HIV positive individuals with clinical lipoatrophy (based on case definition criteria) with st


Autologous fat transfer for treating facial wasting in HIV body fat redistribution syndrome.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10371)
Fazio DD, Guaraldi G, Orlando G, Callegari M, Lorenzi ID, Beghetto B, Nardini G, Amorico G, Bedini A, Grisootti A, Esposito R;;; Gruppo Multimedica HSR, Castellanza (VA), Italy
BACKGROUND: Body fat redistribution syndrome and in particular facial wasting, play a tremendous burden on psychological aspect of living with HIV disease, stigmatising this condition. Any medical intervention was proven unsuccessful to revert these alterations. Autologous fat transfer for treating facial wasting has b


The impact of HIV-associated lipodystrophy on health related quality of life, mental health and medication adherence.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10372)
Collins EJ, Burgoyne RW, Wagner CA, Nur M, Halman MH, Abbey S, Walmsley SL;;; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: To investigate the relationship between lipodystrophy (LD) and quality of life (QOL), mental health, and medication adherence we report a cross-sectional assessment of 83 HIV-positive adults (66 males; 17 females) on antiretroviral therapy (ARV). METHODS: LD severity was subject rated yielding scores for At


Adverse events in infants receiving 6 months of zidovudine in a pilot study to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV through breastfeeding, Botswana.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10373)
Lockman S, Thior I, Shapiro R, Stocking L, McIntosh K, Wester C, Kebaabetswe P, Peter T, Marlink R, Essex M;;; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: The safety of short course zidovudine (ZDV) regimens should be confirmed in rural African settings, and the toxicity of prolonged infant prophylactic ZDV, which is being tested as a potential strategy to prevent HIV transmission through breast milk, has not been reported. METHODS: We conducted the pilot pha


A quest for reasons: characterizing why persons with CD4 cell counts below 200 cells/uL stop antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10374)
Alfonso V, Yip B, Gataric N, Hogg RS, Montaner JS;;; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: To characterize cessations in therapy of 4 consecutive months or more among HIV-positive patients with CD4 cell counts below 200 cell/uL. METHODS: Population-based analysis of persons in British Columbia, Canada who stopped antiretrovirals for 4 consecutive months or more. Eligible subjects were ever on ant


Incidence of nephrolithiasis in HIV infected patients associated with indinavir treatment.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10375)
Dragovic DJ, Jevtovic JD;;; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
BACKGROUND: Nephrolithiasis is an important toxicity of indinavir therapy. The nephrolithiasis has been shown to be more common following treatment with indinavir than with other protease inhibitors . The cores of the renal calculi are composed of indinavir-based monohydrate, implicating t


Frequency and type of adverse reactions to antituberculous drugs in a cohort of HIV infected patients in the HAART era in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10376)
Calvet GA, Sant'Anna FM, Vieira MA, Carvalho SS, Mallet MD, Lourenco MC, Gadelha AG, Rolla V;;; FIOCRUZ/Centro de Pesquisa Hospital Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most important disease affecting people with HIV infection in Brazil . METHODS: To assess the incidence and type of adverse events (AE) to antituberculous drugs in a cohort of HIV infected patients treated with antiretrovirals (ARV), data were collected prospectively from all HIV in


Evaluating infant neutropenia in the context of ARV prophylaxis and treatment in Zimbabwe.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10377)
Wells JA, Shetty AK, Stranix LJ, Mateta P, Nyoni N, Maponga C, Bassett MT, Chipato T, Maldonado YA;;; Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Project
BACKGROUND: Anti-retrovirals are rapidly becoming available to resource-poor countries. Hematological abnormalities are a common side effect of ARV regimens, particularly those which include AZT . The evaluation of neutropenia in particular may be problematic in infants receiving ARVs and Septra prophylaxis, because ne


Adverse effects profile of didanosine + stavudine backbone antiretroviral therapy in naive hiv infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10378)
Gomila M, Domingo P, Sambeat MA, Cadafalch J, Fuster M, Gurgui M, Vazquez G;;; Hospital St. Pau, Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: A range of tissue specific toxicities such a peripheral neuropathy , myopathy, pancreatitis has been documented with NRTI. Aim of the study: to identify toxicity related to d4t + ddI combination. Patients and METHODS: Patients were enrolled in the study provided that they we


Pharingeal myopathy presentation of mitochondrial myopathy in HIV patient treated with nucleoside analogues.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10379)
Sirera G, Millan M, Ojanguren I, Tural C, Romeu J, Negredo E, Ballesteros A, Clotet B, Coll J;;; AIDS unit, hugtip, Badalona, Spain
BACKGROUND: To describe the clinical, neurophysiological and pathological pattern of a patient with mitocondrial myopathy secondary to nucleoside analogues therapy. METHODS: A 34 year old hiv+ woman, treated with zidovudine since 46 moths and z


Risk factors for liver toxicity after beginning highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10380)
Pugliese DV, Redini L, Ortega GJ, Benetucci JA;;; Hospital F. J. Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
OBJECTIVES: Assessment of risk factors to develop liver toxicity, grade of severity and time to develop it after beginning of HAART. METHODS: Retrospective charts review of 100 patients under HAART who were attendance at an HIV + clinic of a public hospital. We included patients with a minimum of 6 months (mo) of HAART


Influence of lopinavir / ritonavir therapy on small dense LDL subfraction.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10381)
Badiou ST, Merle De Boever C, Dupuy AM, Baillat V, Cristol JP, Reynes J;;; University hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
BACKGROUND: Impact of HAART-induced Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) on cardiovascular risk is still discussed. Apolipoprotein CIII could be involved by impairment of Lipoprotein Lipase. Inhibition of TG hydrolysis leads to occurrence of small dense LDL subfraction which enhance atherogenicity. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the


Evaluation of changes in body composition and metabolic parameters in HIV+ patients initiating antiretroviral treatment.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10382)
Johnston SE, Arisa ER, Gel SG, Negredo EN, Sirera GS, Bonjoch AB, Tuldra AT, Romeu JR, Clotet BC;;; Clinical Dietetic Unit. University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of HAART many studies have documented the appearance of the lipodystrophy syndrome/s principally the redistribution of body fat and metabolic abnormalities. METHODS: To carry out a long term study of possible changes in body composition and biochemical parameters in HIV seropositive p


Incidence of peripheral neuropathy associated to pegilated-interferon, in coinfected HVC/HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10384)
Ballesteros AL, Tural C, Salas A, Clotet B;;; Fundacio Lluita contra la SIDA / Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
ISSUES: Experience with Peg-IFN in HCV/HIV coinfected patients is still limited. Achievement of complete therapy is related to tolerability. Most of the adverse events ( flu-like syndrome, etc) are well known. Seldom described is Peripheral Neuropathy (PN) associated to IFN. A few cases have already been reported with


High incidence of Nevirapine-associated Hepatotoxicity in Taiwan.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10385)
Lee SS, Cheng YS, Lin WR, Huang CK, Chiou HM, Lin HH;;; Section of Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
BACKGROUND: To assess the incidence of nevirapine (NVP)-associated hepatotoxicity in HIV-infected patients in Taiwan . METHODS: Cutaneous and hepatic adverse reactions and clinical hepatitis were assessed. Blood analysis including plasma HIV-RNA, CD4 cell counts, liver c


Gastric Bypass Surgery and Serum Concentrations of Zidovudine, Lamivudine, and Nelfinavir.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10386)
Razonable RR, Estes L, McMahon M, Thompson G, Moyer T, Fletcher CV, Henely J, Temesgen Z;;; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
BACKGROUND: An HIV-infected woman on zidovudine (ZDV), lamivudine ( 3TC ), and nelfinavir (NFV) underwent Roux


The intracellular content of ddATP may be quantified in HIV infected patients by specific immunoassays.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10387)
Saint CL, Dellamonica P, Duval D, Guedj R, Vincent JP, Cupo A;;; PhD, Valbonne, France
Highly active antiretroviral therapy dramatically improves rates of mortality and morbidity due to HIV infections. Unfortunately, clinical failures are observed partly due to inefficient cellular concentration of drug enable to suppress the viral load. The determination of intracellular contents of drugs in targets cel


Drug interaction between amprenavir and lopinavir/ritonavir in salvage therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10388)
Khanlou H, Graham E, Brill M, Farthing C;;; AIDS Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles, United States
BACKGROUND: Many practitioners in the salvage regimens use the combination of amprenavir (APV) with lopinavir/ ritonavir (LPV/r). However, there is limited pharmacokinetic data on the combination and the appropriate dosing of each agent.


Switch from high to low dose amprenavir in combination with efavirenz and ritonavir.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10389)
Alvarez-Arnao DF, Pace W, Gold MJ, Boone G;;; MCP-Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, United States
BACKGROUND: Efavirenz (EFV) induces and Ritonavir (RTV) decreases Amprenavir (APV) metabolism. The optimal dose of the combination of APV, EFV and RTV in heavily pre-treated subjects is unkn


Simultaneous HPLC measurement of efavirenz and rifampicin exposure in HIV+ patients with tuberculosis.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10390)
Boffito M, Bonora S, Tija J, Hoggard PG, Reynolds HE, Back DJ, Perri GD;;; University of Torino, Torino, Italy
BACKGROUND: Drug interactions involving antiretroviral agents and drugs for the treatment of opportunistic infections demand the monitoring of plasma drug concentrations. Rifampicin (RIF), an inducer of CYP450, is an antituberculosis drug that accelerates the metabolism of PIs. Regimens, such as combinations containing


Once a day SQV/rtv in experienced HIV pts with prevalent resistent genotypes.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10391)
Atzori C, Cargnel A, Meraviglia P, Beretta R, Regazzi M, Villani P;;; II Dept.Infect.Dis, L.Sacco Hosp., Milan, Italy
BACKGROUND: RTV 100 mg boosting once a day SQV-sgc (FTV) 1600 mg demonstrated to ensure plasma SQV levels exceeding IC95 for wild HIV. Multi experienced patients often have resistent clades and are poorly adherent to complex regimens. We monitored viro-immunologic outcome, adherence, toxicity (GOT GPT, triglicerides, c


Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of nevirapine in HIV-infected pregnant women of the Frankfurt HIV Cohort.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10392)
Haberl A, Kurowski M, Staszewski S;;; JW Goethe-Universitat, Zentrum der Inneren Medizin, Frankfurt, Germany
BACKGROUND: The Athena study (Burger et al, 2001) has recently shown that TDM of PIs can improve the therapeutic outcome. Recommendations for TDM of NNRTIs are controverse. Especially for nevirapine, there is no strong recommendation for TDM since plasma levels might not relate to viral load response (Veldkamp et al, 2


Effect of delavirdine on exposure to ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (PI's).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10393)
Harris M, Alexander C, Ting L, Mostyn J, Guillemi S, Harrigan PR, O'Shaughnessy MV, Montaner JS;;; B.C. Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: Delavirdine (DLV) generally increases exposure to single PI s while nevirapine (NVP) and efavirenz (EFV) decrease PI exposure. We studied the effect of switching from NVP or EFV


Amprenavir trough concentrations in HIV patients receiving chronic salvage therapy with amprenavir and lopinavir.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10394)
Klem KI, Shelton MJ, Esch LD, Cloen D, Keil K, Morse GD, Hewitt RG;;; State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, United States
BACKGROUND: Dual or triple protease inhibitor (PI) regimens are often used as salvage HIV therapy despite limited pharmacokinetic (PK) data. Combinations of Amprenavir (APV) and Lopinavir (LPV/r) are commonly used together, but APV concentrations are reported to be lower in combination with LPV/r relative to APV/r.


Unpredictable protease inhibitor pharmacokinetics (PK) in patients taking complex multiple drug regimens.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10395)
Guillemi S, Harris M, Mostyn J, Alexander C, Ting L, Harrigan PR, O'Shaughnessy MV, Montaner JS;;; B.C. Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: Complex drug interactions in patients taking regimens including combinations of protease inhibitors (PI s) and nonnucleosides (NNRTI s) could result in unpredictable PK for individual agents. We examined the timing of minimum and maximum plasma PI levels in patients receiving nucleosides, lopinavir/


Acute pancreatitis associated with the concurrent use of valganciclovir and didanosine.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10396)
Fulco PP, Higginson RT, Orenstein RO;;; Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, United States
BACKGROUND: To describe a potentially significant drug interaction with the concurrent administration of valganciclovir (VAL) and didanosine ( ddI ). METHODS: A single patient case-report observation. RESULTS: This case reports describes a 36 year old Africa


Intracellular and plasma pharmacokinetics of indinavir +/- ritonavir, nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 in HIV-infected patients enrolled in Cophar-Cell study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10397)
Lamotte C, Duval X, Mentre F, Farinotti R, Clavel F, Goujard C, Peytavin G;;; Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
Background Differences in HIV- protease inhibitors (PIs) intracellular accumulation have been previously reported either in vitro or in vivo. It appears of interest to determine M8 intracellular pharmacokinetic and ritonavir (RTV) influence on PI associated intracellular concentrations.


Shoft-gel Saquinavir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir double boosted PI regimen: A pharmacokinetic study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10398)
Carcas-Sansuan AJ, Gonzalez-Garcia J, Duque B, Arribas JR, Soto A, Pena JM, Frias-Iniesta J;;; Clinical Pharmacology Centre. School of Medicine. U.A.M., Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: HAART treatment based on the association of Kaletra and Fortovase may be ade-cuate for patients with previous treatment failures. Both SQV and LPV may be pharmacokinetically enhanced by RTV, but there are very few data about the kinetics of SQV under thi


Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from HIV-1 infected children under cotrimoxazole, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire (West Africa).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10399)
Ouassa T, Rouet F, Elenga N, Laguide R, Fassinou P, Ahoua A, Alimatou K, Msellati P;;; CeDReS/PAC-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
OBJECTIVES: To monitor susceptibility to cotrimoxazole of bacterial strains isolated from African HIV-1 infected children under cotrimoxazole prophylaxis. METHODS: Since October 2000, 46 strains isolated from sputum, blood, and stool, in HIV-infected children followed up in the ANRS 1244 children program study (Abidjan


Therapeutic drug monitoring of Iopinavir: plasma levels of each point of time are representative.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10400)
Langmann P, Zilly M, Vaeth T, Winzer H, Heinz W, Klinker H;;; Medical Policlinic, Wuerzburg, Germany
BACKGROUND: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended in case of failure of antiretroviral therapy or adverse events of HAART. Combination of Lopinavir (LPV) and Ritonavir (RTV) is highly effective and widely used as a component of HAART. It is not yet clear which plasma level has to be expected under clinical c


POPIN: The implementation of a nurse-led TDM / adherence package for patients receiving HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10401)
Lloyd J, Sweeney J, Flegg P, Bonington A, Wilkins E, Back DJ, Khoo SH;;; Liverpool HIV Pharmacology Group, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
ISSUES: The use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to optimise therapy is increasing. A retrospective analysis of 1239 TDM assays received by Liverpool HIV Pharmacology Group between March 1999 and February 2001 inclusive showed that requests were the responsibility of nurses (43%), doctors (37%) and pharmacists (13%


The monitoring of antiretroviral therapy of HIV-infection in children.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10402)
Voronin EE, Fomin YA, Korovina GI, Afonina LY, Uliukin IM;;; Pediatric HIV-AIDS Clinical Center of Russia, St Petersburg, Ust-Izhora, Russian Federation
The questions of occurrence of the resistant forms of a HIV at children in process of HAART are investigated unsufficiently now. Therefore we researched ( INNO-LiPA HIV-1 RT , INNO-LiPA HIV protease tests, Innogenetics firm, Belgium ) a fragments of genes gag and pol of HIV-1 on presence of mutations to HAART drugs for


Modified directly observed therapy and adherence case management improve HIV clinical outcomes yet fail to prevent drug resistance - a mathematical model based on published parameters.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10403)
Kagay CR, Bangsberg DR;;; SFGH/UCSF, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of HIV antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance is rising rapidly in populations receiving therapy. Adherence interventions including Modified Directly Observed Therapy (MDOT) and Adherence Case Management (ACM) have been proposed as strategies to prevent drug resistance in marginalized populatio


HIV-1 variants with an insertion mutation in the p6gag and p6pol genes were selected during highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10404)
Ibe S, Shibata N, Utsumi M, Kaneda T;;; Department of Clinical Research, Nagoya National Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
BACKGROUND: We examined whether insertion mutations in the p6gag and p6pol genes of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) were selected during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). METHODS: Seventeen HIV-1-infected patients were enrolled in this study. The nucleotide sequence of RT-nested PCR product cont


Resistance patterns in antiretrovirally naive patients from a German metropolitan area.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10405)
Mauss S, Miller V, Staszewski S, Schmutz G;;; Center for HIV and Hepatogastroenterology, Duesseldorf, Germany
BACKGROUND: Recent observations from some metropolitan areas reported a variable proportion of resistance in patients with recent diagnosis of HIV-infection. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of resistant HIV-strains in patients living in a German metropolitan area. METHODS: Patients had to be na


RT-nested touchdown PCR is an effective method for gene amplification in genotypic analysis of drug-resistant HIV-1.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10406)
Asagi T, Ibe S, Kaneda T, Suzuki H, Tezuka F, Nishimura H;;; Sendai National Hospital, Sendai, Japan
BACKGROUND: The genotypic analysis of drug-resistant HIV-1 is essential for the accomplishment of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, we often experience difficulty in the amplification of the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes although the viral load is above 10(3) copies/ml. In this


The roles of illicit drug use and adherence in the development of genotypic resistance to antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10407)
Sethi AK, Celentano DD, Strathdee SA, Moore RD, Gallant JE;;; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
BACKGROUND: Patients actively using illicit drugs while receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may be at higher risk of developing resistance if their drug use compromises their adherence to HAART. METHODS: Patients receiving HIV care in an urban clinic in Baltimore, Maryland, USA were recruited into a


Frequent presence of polymorphisms in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes of viruses obtained from treatment-naive Brazilian patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10408)
Varella RB, Castro MB, Ferreira SB, Schechter M, Tavares MD;;; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, rio de janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: In Brazil , over 105,000 are being treated by a public health program of free distribution of ARVs. Preliminary data indicate a high prevalence of resistance mutation in this population. However, no association between an increased prevalence of resistance in treated and non-treated HIV-infected individuals


Genotypic analysis and subtypes of HIV-1 from children on dual and triple therapy in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10409)
Machado ES, Lambert JS, Watson DC, Afonso AO, Cunha SM, Nogueira SA, Caride E, Oliveira RH, Sill AM, DeVico AL, Tanuri A;;; Servico de Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias, Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy is provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health to all HIV-infected individuals. According to clinical and immunological classification, the Brazilian guidelines recommend dual or triple therapy for children. However, the evolution of drug-resistant strains or poor adherence to therap


Variations of the Secondary Resistance Rates (SRR) in patients with multiple ART failures.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10410)
Benetucci JA, Garberi JC, Montero A, Petroni A, Pereda G, Deluchi G, Maranzana A, Garone D;;; FUNDAI - Hospital de Infecciosas F J Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: To compare the variations of the SRR to antiretroviral drugs in patients with two or more treatment failures, comparing two consecutive periods (Group 1: Aug. 1999-Jul 2001 and Group 2: Jan-Dec 2001) METHODS: Group 1 included 326 patients (19% women), average age 34,7 years old (range 7-61), average treatme


Frequency of primary mutations to antiretrovirals in Mexican population.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10411)
Escoto-Delgadillo M, pez-Lomeli MC, Gonzalez-Morales LG, Demi-Castellanos E, zquez-Valls E;;; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
BACKGROUND. Primary mutations in the HIV genome, has been associated as cause of specific resistance to antiretroviral drugs (ARV). In this work we describe the frequency of primary mutations in HIV patients from Mexico . METHODS. Plasma from 120 HIV positive individuals was collected during 2001 in eight National Medi


Non-associated polymorphisms in gene pol to antiretrovirals resistance of HIV in Mexican patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10412)
zquez-Valls E, Escoto-Delgadillo M, pez-Lomeli MC, Gonzalez-Morales LG, Demi-Castellanos E, Preciado-Negrete FF;;; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
BACKGROUND. Sequencing polymorphisms not associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs in protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of HIV, allow make viral phylogenetic analysis, to estimate the mutation probability in both enzymes and to know the molecular epidemiology of HIV. We identify the non-associ


Comparison of in-house HIV sequencing versus TRUGENE HIV-1 kit for genotypic HIV drug resistance testing in labs with widely varying experience.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10413)
Galli RA, Merrick L, Wynhoven B, Sattha B, Harrigan PR, Sherlock CH;;; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
BACKGROUND: This study compares the FDA and Health Canada approved TRUGENE kit performed by technicians unfamiliar with sequencing technology, with quality-controlled in-house genotyping performed by experienced technicians. METHODS: 73 plasma samples submitted for resistance testing in British Columbia between 01/01/2


Genotypic Resistance as a tool to determine Salvage Regimen in Mexican individuals Failing to a Triple Therapy with Zidovudine (AZT), Lamivudine (3TC) and Indinavir (IDV).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10414)
Rodriguez Diaz Roberto A. RD, Huante Perez Alberto HP, Soto Ramirez Luis E. SR;;; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico city, Mexico
Genotypic resistance (GR) tests are useful tools in selecting salvage regimens; however the effect of changing only the NRTIs in a failing triple regimen according to GR, or if the number of PI-resistance mutations could be a guide to change treatment is not well known. OBJECTIVE: To determine the virological response


Unexpected mutations at resistance sites of HIV in Mexican population.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10415)
Escoto-Delgadillo M, pez-Lomeli MC, Gonzalez-Morales LG, Demi-Castellanos E, zquez-Valls E;;; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
BACKGROUND. The determination of unexpected mutations at resistant sites in the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of HIV, should be consider for regional strategies on antiretroviral treatment and further buy polices. METHODS. In 66 RNA samples obtained from five hospitals of the Mexican Institute of S


215Y/151M duplex selective PCR for detecting point mutations associated with HIV-1 drug resistances.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10416)
Ketloy C, Sirivichayakul S, Ruxrungtham K, Phanuphak P;;; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Resistance testing has recently been recommended as a helpful monitoring in the management of HIV infection. Sequencing analysis is a standard genotypic resistance testing. However, it is expensive and is not wildly accessible. Simpler and low cost assays are needed. Using primers with mismatch near the 3 e


HIV-1 genotypic resistance in 159 patients with virological failure and relationship with prior antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10417)
Gilquin J, Nguyen van J, Auperin I;;; Hospital St Joseph, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: To study the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the emergence of genotypic resistance in our clinical setting, in order to guide the choice of the treatment. METHODS: Over the period 6/2000-10/2001 genotypes were performed on plasma samples using fast DNA sequencing system (TruGeneTM, Visible Genetic


Resistence profile of anti-retrovirals in patients infected by HIV-1 that act as accident source involving biological materials.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10418)
El-Far F, Gasparoto CT, Medeiros EA, Diaz RS;;; Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Until September 2000, 97 cases of nosocomial documented acquisition of HIV have been reported in the world. AZT failure as a chemoprophilatic after occupation exposition in health care-worker (HCW) has been reported in at least 11 cases from 1990 until 1997. Determining the resist profile of anti-retroviral


Frequency of the multidrug resistance mutation Q151M, results of the Berlin cohort.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10419)
ller MM, Masuhr AM, Zwingers TZ, Arasteh KA;;; AVK Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Backround. Mutidrug resistence to NRTI s is associated with a mutation complex at codon Q151 and other secundary mutations of the RT-Gen. Here we describe the frequency of the Q151 mutation in a cohort of HIV-positive patients of our outpatient clinic and private practices in Berlin from 1997-2001. METHODS: Sequencing


Elimination of contaminating plasmid DNA from HIV-1 viral preparations and determination of the lower limit of DNA that interferes with sequencing viral RNA using ViroSeqTM.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10420)
Petrauskene O, Short ML, Hoo B, Roinestad I, Devitt AJ, Dileanis J, Furtado MR, Brown RC;;; Celera Diagnostics, Foster City, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 viral preparations generated from transfection of molecular infectious clones (MICs) usually contain contaminating plasmid DNA. When mixtures of mutant and WT virus are generated to test the efficiency of population based DNA sequencing kits like the ViroSeqTM; it is imperative that they have extremel


A randomized, prospective study of phenotype (P) versus virtual phenotype (virtualP) testing for patients failing antiretroviral therapy (ARVT): final analysis.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10421)
Perez-Elias MJ, Garcia-Arata I, Munoz V, Santos I, Sanz J, Abraira V, Arribas JR, Gonzalez J, Dronda F, Antela A, Moreno A, Casado JL, Pumares M, Marti-Belda P, Geijo P, Moreno S;;; Ramon Y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: Resistance testing is useful in the management of virological failure, although the best method to be used in clinical practice has not been determined. Virtual phenotype may have some advantages over phenotype, especially cost. METHODS: Multicenter, prospective, randomized, double blind study of 300 patien


A simple and sensitive in-house method for determination of genotypic antiviral resistance in HIV-1.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10422)
Lindstrom AK, Albert J;;; Department of Clinical Virology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral combination therapy represents a major advance in the treatment of HIV infection. Nevertheless, emergence of resistant mutations is still an important cause of treatment failure. Resistance-testing was recently recommended as a routine test for follow-up of HIV-1 infected individuals. However


Unexpected Delavradine (DLV) phenotypic sensitivity and implications for salvage therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10423)
Chambliss P, Grossman HA, DeJesus E, McMeeking A, Reyes FG, Ellsasser R;;; Polari Medical Group, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: With increased testin, new genotypic and phenotypic patterns are emerging. In 6/00, we first noted a patient who showed genotypic resistance patterns for all nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), but had phenotypic sensitivity to DLV. A number of patients have been found with the same pat


FOCUS Study - Genotype/Virtual Phenotype changes in HIV infected patients on a once daily regimen of Saquinavir soft gel capsules (SQV/r) versus Efavirenz (EFV).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10424)
Montaner JS, Burnside A, Jayaweera D, Barylski C, de Caprariis PJ;;; St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
OBJECTIVE: A prospective, open-label study of 154 antiretroviral naive HIV patients randomized to saquinavir / ritonavir (SQV/r; 1600mg/100mg) once daily or efavirenz (EFV; 600mg) once daily,


Efficacy of anti-retroviral therapy in children.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10425)
Oswal JS;;; Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Pune, India
BACKGROUND: To evaluate clinical, immunological and virological response to anti-retroviral therapy (ART). METHODS: Sixteen ART naive children (5 month to 12 years of age) were studied. These included children below age of 12 months and symptomatic children with clinical category A, B or C, and or immune category 2 or


Ten year's experience working for children with HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10427)
Manorama P, Gandhimathy P;;; Community Health Education Society (CHES), Chennai, India
CHES started to work with children affected by AIDS from its inception by offering care to 2 HIV positive orphans and has now reached more than 250 children of which nearly 50% bear the virus. The main aim of this project is to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS among children orphaned or abandoned due to the epidemic by


Experience with the Zidovudine (ZVD), Lamivudine (3TC) and Nelfinavir (NFV) regime in HIV pediatric patients with no previous treatment.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10428)
Quian J, Galli A, Gutierrez S, Gonzalez A;;; 6062, Montevideo, Uruguay
OBJECTIVE: Analyse ZVD, 3TC and NFV treatment experience in a naive group of patients, with no economic support. METHODS: Clinical records of all HIV infected patients of the Pereira Rossell Hospital in Montevideo were analysed. Patients with ZVD, 3TC and NFV therapy at usual doses were included.


Counseling on HIV care for parents at pediatrics clinic, University Hospital of Yopougon, Cote d'Ivoire, 01/2000 to 01/20002.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10429)
Inaka R;;; Pediatrics Disease University Hospital Yopougon, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
ISSUES: Increasingly HIV-infected children are receiving antiretroviral(ARV) therapy through drug access initiative (DAI) in Cote d Ivoire . We developed a program to provide HIV care related information to parents at home, in expecting to improve children adherence to ARV therapy. DESCRIPTION: HIV-infected children pr


HIV associated thrombocytopenia despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in a vertically infected child.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10430)
Ndagijimana JN, Kroll HK, Niehues T;;; University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
A child was diagnosed with a vertical HIV infection at the age of 11 months. The boy had been repeatedly admitted with severe thrombocytopenia. Apart from petechiae, no bleeding complications occurred. Bone marrow examination revealed no abnormality. Platelet-reactive IgG autoantibodies against the glycoprotein (GP) co


Comparing the efficacy of regimens in order to find the most effective first line treatment for HAART naive patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10431)
Morphet MN;;; Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
The study objective was to compare the effectiveness of two drug combinations in order to generate an hypothesis for the most effective first line treatment for HAART naive patients, using a particular observational database. Data of all 2 drug combinations which have been prescribed to a minimum of 30 patients were an


Adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs) occurring during the first 3 months of HAART in African patients with advanced immunosuppression.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10432)
Pitt JA, Hildebrand K, Badri M, Wood R;;; Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Due to resource constraints in the past, anti-retroviral therapy has been very limited in the public sector in South Africa . Finance from international agencies will increase access to HAART. These limited funds will be targeted at those with advanced disease who consume the majority of health care resourc


Need to derive situation-specific guidelines for initiating ART in resource-poor settings based on an HIV-positive Mumbai-Cohort of 1996-97.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10433)
Lalla-Reddy S, Gilada IS, Lange M;;; Ocean View Internal Medicine, Laguna Beach, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: With an estimated 10 million people living with HIV/AIDS (official estimate: 3.87million), India has the highest number of HIV infected persons among all countries in the world.ART has produced a dramatic impact on the morbidity and mortality of PLWHA in industrialized countries, but situation in resource-p


Switching from didanosine buffered tablets (Videx® or Generic ddi) to enteric coated capsules (Videx EC®) in human immunodeficiency virus type-I infected patients controlled by highly active antiretroviral therapy: preliminary report of patients that completed 12 weeks of follow-up.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10434)
Torea JC, Casetti I, Casiro A, Zala CA, Belloso W;;; Bristol-Myers Squibb Argentina, La Lucila - Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: With currently available antiretrovirals, a once daily highly active therapy (HAART) regimen is not possible using FDA-approved dosing. The introduction of VIDEX-EC® capsules will probably help to attain this goal. The objective of this study is to document differences in tolerability, adherence and effi


Patients' experiences of the information and support received before starting HIV therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10435)
Sutton AJ;;; Guest Hospital, Dudley, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Much time is spent by nurses and doctors who care for patients with HIV infection in giving the patients information and support before they start taking HIV therapy. However, little is known about how patients actually view the information and support they receive. METHODS: A Husserlian phenomenological ap


Psychosocial implications and level of adherence to treatment in a sample of people living with HIV/AIDS in Puerto Rico.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10436)
Toro-Alfonso J, Andujar-Bello I, Amico R, Fisher JD;;; University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
Adherence to HIV treatment is a significant public health issue for people living with HIV/AIDS and for the community in general. Level of adherence to treatment has been low among minorities in the United States . Level of support and health perceptions have been identified as key issues for adherence among other psyc


Anti-retroviral medication adherence in anemic patients with HIV/AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10437)
Grimes RM, Sadeque A, Lai D, Visnegarwala F;;; The University of Texas - Houston Health Science Center, Houston Texas, United States
BACKGROUND: Studies using demographic, social, virologic and immunologic characteristics to predict adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) have not produced clinically useful results. It is known that anemia is associated with chronic fatigue and mental confusion, which may impact patients ability to adhere to ART.


Preliminary validation of a questionnaire to assess self-reported adherence to HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10438)
Tuldra A, Fumaz CR, Ferrer MJ, Bayes R, Rovira T, Viladrich C, Izquierdo I, Barcelo M, Sirera G, Negredo E, Romeu J, Clotet B;;; Fundacio Lluita SIDA-Univ Hosp Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
BACKGROUND: The relationship between adherence (ADH) and Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) efficacy has been clearly described. Self-report is the most feasible method to assess ADH in clinical practice but standardization to control overestimation is needed. METHODS: A prospective descriptive study was desi


Prescribing and adherence patterns in a German HIV-specialty practice - a pilot project for regional study and programs using a new computer software.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10439)
Knechten H, Hanhoff N, Goetzenich A, Fischer K, Lessmann M;;; DAGNAE e.V., Aachen, Germany
BACKGROUND: The objectives were: 1) to evaluate patient adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), 2) to detect any over-prescribing and potential drug wastage, and 3) to serve as a foundation for further study and adherence strategy program development. METHODS: In this retrospective (6 months), observational study, A


Patients' understanding of first antiretroviral prescription, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 2001.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10440)
Acurcio FA, Ceccato MG, Guimaraes MD, Bonolo PF;;; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
BACKGROUND: To assess the understanding of information related to the first prescription of antiretroviral (ARV) among HIV-infected individuals enrolled in two public AIDS referral services, Belo Horizonte, Brazil . METHODS: The level of understanding was assessed through interviews immediately after deliverance of ARV


Nonadherence to antiretrovirals more than plasma levels of PI predicts future virological failure.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10441)
Murri R, Luca AD, Marconi P, Ammassari A, Drapeau CM, Politi R, Cingolani A, Cauda R;;; Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND. Adherence (Adh) to drugs is crucial for treatment efficacy. Objective of the study was to evaluate predictors of virological failure (VF) in HIV+ pts taking HAART METHODS. Prospective, monocenter, cohort study. A self-administered questionnaire was used and an Adh score including 4 main items was built (pos


Facing challenges on HAART adherence in Brazil: the role of quality of care.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10442)
Nemes MI, Castanheira ER, Melchior R, Basso CR, Britto e Alves MT, Donini AA, Braga P, David JS, Tunala LG;;; QualiAids Group-Preventive Medicine Department- U. of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: In 1999, an evaluation on HAAART adherence of 8580 patients from 27 health services in Sao Paulo State, Brazil showed that the adherence is more strongly related to quality of care than to patients` characteristics or to the treatment itself. This conclusion was the basis of another evaluation now on a nati


Barriers to the implementation of a study on nonadherence in postpartum women with HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10443)
Madru N, Gordon DM, Morris AB;;; Community Research Initiative of New England, Springfield, United States
ISSUES: HIV+ women with infants face a host of barriers to self-care and to adherence. Following births of their babies, women s focus often shifts to assure adherence in their infants. By prioritizing their infant s health before their own, women risk development of viral resistance, opportunistic infections, disease


Adherence to scheduled injection visits in a primary care HIV clinic in New York.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10444)
Hulsmann R, Boyle B;;; Center for Special Studies, New York - Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Problems with patient adherence to antiretroviral therapy have been documented in several studies. Directly observed therapy (DOT) has been proposed as one means of improving adherence. It is unclear whether the requirement that patients regularly go to a place were DOT can be performed presents a major obs


Assessing non-adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in a context of universal access, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10445)
Remien R, Terto Jr. V, Raxach JC, Parker R, Berkman A, Hacker MA, Bastos FI;;; HIV Center - Columbia University, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: In a context of universal access to HAART, deep social inequality, and >100,000 persons currently under therapy, adherence is a key issue in terms of improving quality of life of PLWAs, prevent reinfection, and to halt further spread of resistant strains. METHODS: Two-hundred PLWAs recruited from reference


Increasing adherence to HIV-antiretrovirals (ART) among alcohol and drug users: A new intervention.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10446)
Crosby GM, Ekstrand ML, Webster RD, Stall RD, Paul JP, Martin JN;;; University of California, San Francisco-Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, San Francisco, United States
ISSUES: To describe a new and innovative intervention designed to increase adherence among alcohol and drug users and report data on the fit between this intervention and difficulties presented by study participants. DESCRIPTION: The six-session, one-on-one counseling intervention utilizes Motivational Interviewing to


Main factors associated to antiretroviral therapy compliance in Guadalajara, Mexico.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10447)
Matsui O, Corrales MI, Modad J, Flores M, Martinez R, Robles R;;; Universidad de Guadalajara. CEASS, AC, Guadalajara Jalisco, Mexico
BACKGROUND: Benefits of a good adherence and compliance of antiretroviral therapies have been very well documented in scientific bibliography. On the other hand poor adherence/compliance of this treatment may lead to viral resistance and other problems related to the availability and costs of medications. The main obje


Understanding factors influencing adherence to Anti Retroviral Therapy among people who live with HIV/AIDS in Israel.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10448)
Maor C, Simantov-Dodeless I, Beeri Y, Millel D;;; AIDS center, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
Background in the early 1980s AIDS was considered cureless. About 13 years ago effective drug regimen for AIDS became the established course of treatment. At that point, the disease became treatable. The treatment is difficult, because it consists of taking a mixture of medicines -(HAART)for the rest of the patients li


Identifying social factors that impact on adherence and the success of medical treatment.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10449)
DesiderioCSW JA, BoyleMD B, VaamondeMD C, JacobsMD J, Lytton J;;; New York-Presbyterian Hospital Center for Special Studies, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: To identify social factors that influence the adherence of HIV/AIDS patients to their complicated medication regimens in order to assist healthcare providers in guiding their patients towards successful treatment. METHODS: A random sample of 120 patients charts of the NY-Presbyterian Hospital s Center for S


Durability and reasons for changing antiretroviral regimens in patients on double and highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10450)
Mendes MJ, Rubni NP, Arabe J, Eyer-Silva WA, Martins CE, Santos CT, Lopes PO, Morais-de-Sa CA;;; University of Rio de Janeiro, Gaffree &Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: The emergence of resistance to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the adverse effects, and the limited spectrum of sequential effective regimens are the major limitations of current available ART. This study investigates the durability of use and the reasons for changing an ART in patients on double therapy and


Dose-to-dose antiretroviral medication adherence.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10451)
Holzemer WL, Wilson HS, Hutchinson SA;;; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Adherence to antiretroviral medications remains a challenge as studies continue to document the relationship between low medication adherence rates and high viral loads. While regimens have been simplified, toxic side-effects reduced, and pill burdon lowered, studies continue to document the difficulty pati


Assessing adherence and gender differences in rural mexican population.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10452)
Torres-Escobar I, Fernandez RM, Palmieri M;;; General Hospital of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
BACKGROUND: In Mexico there is no universal access to antiretrovirals. Once access to HAART is achieved all efforts should be made to obtain expected results. We wanted to identify the most important factors influencing antiretroviral adherence and the repercussions on the progression of HIV infection in women compared


Disclosure of HIV status and adherence to medication regimens.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10453)
Sall M, Kissinger P, Mzayek F;;; Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
BACKGROUND. Nondisclosure of HIV status removes people who may offer social support, which has been shown to be positively associated with adherence. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between disclosure of HIV status and adherence to medications. METHODS. A convenience sample of 280 subjects wa


Successful medication adherence experiences.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10454)
Gray JR;;; University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States
BACKGROUND: The HIV/AIDS medications can be effective and life-extending if taken correctly. Unfortunately, the medications have side effects, require multiple doses and pills, and must be taken on a fairly rigid schedule. METHODS: This study involved interviewing 11 persons with HIV/AIDS who were adherent to their med


Directly observed therapy(DOT) to enhance adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) in active substance abusers.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10455)
Mitty JA, Macalino GE, Urbina BY, DiCesare RM, McKenzie SM, Varella P, Chapman S, MacLeod C, Stenzel M, Flanigan TP;;; Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, United States
BACKGROUND: There are similarities in the treatment of HIV and Tuberculosis, such as the populations they affect and the development of drug resistance. DOT may be beneficial to certain HIV(+) individuals having difficulty adhering to HAART. We have implemented a DOT program using once-daily HAART regimens. METHODS: HI


Adherence to triple anti-retroviral drug therapy: a social context of PWAs.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10456)
Chantcharas P, Yuktanon P, Subhaluksuksakorn P, Satsit P, Woratharat T;;; AIDS Division, Dept.of CDC, MOPH, Nonthaburi, Thailand
BACKGROUND: In 2001, MOPH of Thailand has supported triple ARV drugs for PWAs. However, adherence is a crucial factor to prevent drug resistant. So it is important to understand how PWAs feel and why they continue/discontinue to take drugs to improve adherence to drug regimens. METHODS: Case study was done among PWAs p


Adherence in HIV/AIDS. the role of socio demographic, psychiatric and psycho social variables. A Brazilian sample study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10457)
Dias MK, Dalgalarrondo P, Jacques M;;; Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
Background- Adherence to HAAD is one of most important aspects associated to success of Aids/HIV treatment. Some data suggests some particularities in Brazilian and South American epidemic both in the dynamics of disease distribution and population use of health services. This study tests if some demographic, psychosoc


Comparative evaluation of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) adherence to follow-up after occupational and non-occupational exposure at a Brazilian hospital.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10458)
Figueiredo RM, Resende MR, Garcia MT, Papaiordanou PM;;; State University of Campinas Hospital / Faculties Padre Anchieta of Jundiai, Campinas, Brazil
BACKGROUND: the PEP regimens are recommended for health care workers (HCW) and have been used for non-occupational exposure. The adherence to PEP is an important tool to anti-retroviral therapy efficacy. This study has the objective to evaluate the adherence to follow-up (6 months) after occupational and non-occupation


Development and assessment of a cognitive-behavioral intervention to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10459)
Golin CE, Earp JA, Howie L, Adamian M, Shain L;;; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States
BACKGROUND: ART adherence is a critical determinant of health for HIV+ pts, but we know little about effective adherence interventions. METHODS: Based on a conceptual model, we designed a cognitive-behavioral (CB) audiotape, workbook and motivational interview (MI) to enhance pts motivation and self-efficacy to take AR


Side effects associated with antiretroviral nonadherence in a correctional setting.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10460)
Catz SL, Sosman JM, Scheuerell KA, Crumble D;;; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
BACKGROUND: Medication side effects are generally associated with difficulties adhering to antiretroviral medications. Specific side effects may be useful in predicting nonadherence, particularly in settings -- such as prisons -- where patients may be relatively reluctant to discuss adherence lapses with providers. MET


Significance of adherence in HIV therapy: How much do medical doctors know and how do they support their patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10461)
Weilandt C;;; WIAD, Bonn, Germany
BACKGROUND: Adherence is one of the most important factors responsible for the success of HAART. It correlates with viral load, CD4 cells, and clinical outcome. Medical doctors are aware of adherence problems, but how much do they really know and how do they try to support their patients? METHODS: 98 German medical doc


Variations in Adherence Level and Impact on Outcome in a Longitudinal, Nation-Based Study of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10462)
Casado JL, Knobel H, Sabido R, Ocana I, Rodriguez MA, Carmona A, Gonzalez J;;; Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: Different cross-sectional studies have shown a close relationship between adherence to HAART and outcome. However, adherence often change over time, a fact that could modify the outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the change in adherence level during the follow-up in a large longitudinal study a


Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and characteristics of treatment regimens among HIV-infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10463)
Silveira VL, Pinheiro CA, Drachler ML, Leite JC;;; Secretaria Municipal de Saude e Bem Estar Siocial de Pelotasaude, Pelotas, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Many factors may be associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy, including the complexity of the medication regimen and perceived side effects. METHODS: Adolescent and adult patients attending at the Specialized Service of Pelotas were interviewed in two occasions. Adherence was defined as use of 95


Sticking to the evidence: a systematic review of adherence studies.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10464)
Harding R, Sherr L;;; Royal Free University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom
Background Consistent adherence is essential for efficacious treatment, & HAART options are finite. Despite inconsistent research design, predictors have been identified. A pressing need in HIV is data synthesis & application of findings to adherence-promoting interventions. Methods Systematic review undertaken


Relation between marijuana use, adherence and complete viral suppression among hiv infected patients in a public health care setting in northern california.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10465)
Prentiss DE, Balmas MG, Power R, Israelski DM;;; San Mateo County Health Center, San Mateo, CA, United States
BACKGROUND. Controversy over the use of marijuana to benefit people with chronic disease is limited by the few data currently available. This study examines the prevalence of marijuana use, the use of alternative and herbal therapies, adherence to antiretroviral treatments (ART), and their associations with complete vi


Experience with ART in a rural teaching hospital in a developing country (India).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10466)
Kumar RS;;; Infectious Diseases Department, Medical College Hospital, Kottayam, Kerala, India, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Anti retroviral therapy is now accepted as the standard care for HIV infection in many parts of the world. With the advent of media explosion, internet and awareness PLWAs demand for ART is also increasing. Kerala is a state in India well known for the high level of litearacy, awareness and the health seeking behaviour


Physical well-being improved after six months interruption of protease inhibitor based antiretroviral therapy (PI-ART).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10467)
Eriksson LE, Bratt GA, Sandstrom E;;; Dept of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
BACKGROUND: Effective protease inhibitor based antiretroviral combination therapy (PI-ART), greatly reduces HIV-related morbidity and mortality. There is, however, major short and long term adverse effects associated with PI-ART. Structured therapy interruption (STI) is an attempt to lower the risk of negative treatmen


Interruptions of the treatment in the clinical practice.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10468)
Rodriguez A, Maradona JA, Carton JA, Asensi V, Arribas JM;;; Infectious Diseases Unit., Oviedo, Spain
METHODS: Out of a group of 297 HIV patients we have investigated 35 subjects who voluntarily abandoned HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) for one month at least and then resumed it again. RESULTS: Main characteristics of patients were: male sex 24; mean age 36 years; CDC category: A2, 20,%; A3, 28,6%; B214,3


Pegylated interferon alpha in patients treated from primary HIV infection prevents viral rebound during structured treatment interruptions of antiretroviral drugs.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10469)
Emilie D;;; Inserm, France
BACKGROUND: Interferon alpha has both antiviral and immunostimulating properties. Addition of pegylated interferon alpha (ViraferonPeg) for 14 wks to antiretroviral drugs (ARV) in patients with primary HIV infection (PHI) accelerates the control of HIV viremia and the decay of the HIV reservoir (Primoferon A / ANRS 086


Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) during structured treatment interruptions.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10470)
Fagard C, Braz ML, Guenthard H, Hirsch H, Wagels T, Magenta L, Telenti A, Perrin L, Hirschel B;;; HIV/AIDS Unit Hopital Cantonal, Geneva, Switzerland
BACKGROUND: GM-CSF has pleiotropic effects on the immune system, including stimulation and activation of dendritic cells. The present pilot trial was designed to examine whether GM-CSF had an effect on viremia after 12 weeks of treatment interruption. METHODS : Patients on ART, with viremia


Viral kinetics, immune response and genotype evolution in chronic HIV patients during a non structured treatment interruption (STI).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10471)
Sanchez R, Portilla J, Gimeno A, Llopis C, Sanchez-Paya J, Munoz C, De la Sen ML, Boix V, Merino E, Plazas J;;; Hospital Gral Alicante, Alicante, Spain
BACKGROUND: To study specific immune response, CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, HIV kinetics, and viral genotype after non STI in HIV chronic patient (pt) with suppressed viral load (VL). METHODS: Prospective cohort observational study. Inclusion criteria: HIV pts on HAART and undetectable VL for 6 months, who stop HAART in a no


Nevirapine clearance after stopping established therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10472)
Taylor GP, Tamm N, Fidler SJ, Weber JN;;; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND. When interrupting or discontinuing therapy patients are usually advised to stop everything together. However the pharmacokinetics of licensed therapy varies greatly. Mutations in HIV-1RT associated with reduced sensitivity to inhibitors emerge rapidly during monotherapy. The elimination half life of nevirap


Non-structure treatment interruptions (NSTI) as a new strategy: three years of follow up.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10473)
Mingrone H, Porteiro N;;; muniz hospital, buenos aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Adherence and long-term toxicities like lipodystrophy are important problems in chronic HIV therapy so new strategies are needed. The objective is to present the results of a three year- follow up after NSTI in succesfully treated patients. METHODS: Twenty chronic stable stage II (CDC 1987) HIV-1 infected p


Structured treatment interruption in chronic HIV infection: not an obsolete art.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10474)
Hijazi L, Scoular A, Cameron S, Winter AJ;;; Sandyford Initiative, Glasgow, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND : Optimism is now waning on any immunomodulatory benefit structured treatment interruption may have in chronic HIV infection, but its potentially valuable role in limiting drug toxicity deserves renewed emphasis. METHODS: We present a case where structured treatment interruption was used successfully to over


The immunomodulatory role of poly I:poly C12U against HIV during STI of HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10475)
Strayer DR, Mitchell WM, Carter WA, Cimoch P, Blick G;;; Hemispherx Biopharma, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, United States
BACKGROUND: Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has had a profound effect on the morbidity and mortality from HIV infection, the accrued benefits come at significant cost due to long term drug toxicities. Strategic treatment interruption (STI) of HAART is based on the hypothesis that careful managemen


Non-programed interruption of antiretrovirals.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10476)
Vesperoni F, Laurido MF, Vanzulli C, Lopardo G, Cassetti LI;;; Helios Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral (ARV) withdrawal is a common situation in clinical setting. Studies of structured treatment interruption showed that immunological outcome at 24 weeks (wk) is satisfactory. OBJECTIVE: To assess immunological and virological outcome at 24 wk of patients (pts) who stopped their ARV treatment in


Design of a large study to evaluate two strategies for the use of antiretroviral drugs: the SMART study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10477)
El-Sadr WM;;; Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA), New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs have led to improvement in morbidity and mortality. However, their use has been associated with adverse events, HIV resistance and metabolic complications. Yet, AIDS-defining conditions rarely occur at CD4+ cell counts > 250 cells/mm3. This motivates a ARV strategy centered on con


Virologic response to cessation of HAART in post-partum HIV+ women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10478)
Holdsworth C, Tedaldi EM;;; Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, United States
BACKGROUND: Treatment interruption of ART (antiretroviral therapy) in chronic HIV-1 infection generally results in an eventual decline in CD4+ cell count and a rise in HIV RNA levels. There are limited data on the virologic response to voluntary cessation of ART in post-partum women. We evaluated a cohort of pregnant H


Strategic treatment interruption (STI) in Well-Controlled HIV infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10479)
Machouf N, Trottier B, Thomas R;;; Clinique medicale l'Actuel, Montreal, Canada
BACKGROUND: Despit remarkable progress since the introduction of the HAART approach, ARV therapies are far from being trivial and have important consequences mainly because of their lifetime course. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the consequences of a STI in patients with well-controlled HIV infection. Design: This study was p


HAART with structured treatment interruptions (STI): follow-up of one year.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10480)
Raise E, Bechi P, Narne E, Petrucci A, Panese S, Barelli A;;; Infectious Disease Dpt. SS. Giovanni e Paolo, Umberto 1° Hospital, Venice, Italy
BACKGROUND: HAART (potent antiretroviral therapy) with a protease inhibitor (PI) based regimen is commonly used to treat HIV 1 infected patients (pts). A limited set of clinical data has shown encouraging results. Transient interruptions of pts are frequent during a long term treatment. METHODS: 44 pts HIV 1 infected w


Supervised Treatment Interruption (STI) in an urban HIV clinical practice: A prospective analysis.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10481)
Yozviak JL, Kouvatsos P, Doerfler RE, Woodward WC;;; Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, United States
BACKGROUND: In acute HIV-1 infection, STI may induce immunologic control of HIV-1 replication. Several prospective trials of STI in chronic HIV-1 infection have been less encouraging. A previously presented retrospective analysis of our patients showed that in those with a significant CD4 increase (>200 cells) on antir


Electron-microscopic study of blood lymphocytes and comparison of different methods to measure specific T-helper cell responses in HIV/AIDS patients during HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10482)
Sepiashvili RI, Slavyanskaya TA, Chikhladze MV;;; National Institute of Allergology, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Moscow, Russian Federation
BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) gives a reduction in viral load and increasing CD4 values in most patients. OBJECTIVE: To study ultrastructural changes in CD4+ T cells during HAART in HIV/AIDS patients. METHODS: Electronic microscopy, immunologic methods of CD4+ detection. RESULTS: Electronog


Fungistatic effects of a lactoferrin-containing mouthwash upon various species of candida.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10483)
Clover G, Bottone E, Masci J;;; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, United States
Introduction: Oral and esophageal candidiasis remain significant causes of morbidity in the HIV-infected population. Current treatment regimens are generally effective but are associated with an increasing incidence of resistant fungal species, requiring use of expensive and toxic agents. Lactoferrin, a constituent of


Multi-drug rescue therapy (MDRT) in HIV+ individuals.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10484)
Montaner JS, Harrigan R, Hogg RS, Yip B, O'Shaughnessy MV;;; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: Effectiveness of recycling previously used antiretrovirals remains to be established. Therefore, we sought to characterize the antiviral response to MDRT among heavily pre-treated individuals. Design: Patients who had failed several prior regimens were offered MDRT which included up to 9 drugs: up to 4 nucl


Nutrition in HIV Transmission and Management.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10485)
Matovu SM, Francis KF, Martin OM, Mayanja James MJ;;; The AIDS Support Organisation (TAS0)(U)Ltd, Kampala, Uganda
ISSUE: Poor nutritional status of many HIV positive individuals has been associated wirh faster disease progression among HIV positive women and increases risk of HIV transmission from mother to infant. PROJECT: In 1999 The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO) with Medicines du monde carried out a double blinded, placeblo


Feasibility of Thai AZT in preventing mother to infant transmission of HIV; an experience at a tertiary referral centre in India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10486)
Anand A, Bharucha KE, Shrotri AN, Porecha AM, Joshi PL;;; Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India
BACKGROUND: - There is little data on efficacy of Thai AZT in Indian Population. The study was part of National AIDS Control Organization s feasibility study on Thai AZT that assessed feasibility and efficacy of above regimen. METHODS: - Pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune from


Use of rapid HIV testing and nevirapine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in rural Cameroon, West Africa.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10487)
Welty TK, Welty ER, Muffih TP, Ndikintum G, Nkuoh G, Tancho S, Bulterys M, Granade T, Nkengasong J;;; Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Board, Nampa, ID, United States
BACKGROUND: Extending the benefits of recent breakthroughs in antiretroviral prophylaxis for mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV-1 to the majority of HIV-infected African women remains a tremendous challenge, particularly in rural communities where more than two-thirds of the population reside. METHODS: From Fe


Reduction of mother-to-child transmission of hiv-1 with nevirapine in Yaounde, Cameroon: an evaluation of efficiency at two years.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10488)
Ayouba A, Cunin P, Tene G, Menu E, Kfutwah AK, Scarlatti G, Lobe MM, Kouanfack C, Tardy M, Leke RJ, Nkam M, Nlend AE, Barre-Sinoussi F, Martin PM, Thonnon J, Nerrienet E;;; Centre Pasteur Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon
BACKGROUND: The HIVNET 012 randomized trial has shown that intra partum and neonatal single dose nevirapine halved the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1. We set up in Yaounde Cameroon , a Public Health pilot program to reduce MTCT of HIV-1 using nevirapine and we evaluated the efficie


Absence of perinatal HIV transmission with increasing use of highly active antiretroviral therapy and elective cesarean sections: A comparison between protease inhibitor naive and experienced women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10489)
Zorrilla C, Vega C, Bonano J, Santiago L;;; UPR School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
BACKGROUND: With the advent of HAART, the AIDS Mortality has been reduced significantly. These therapies are used for maternal indications (HIV disease) and to reduce the plasma HIV RNA levels during pregnancy as a means to reduce the Perinatal HIV transmission risk. The use of HAART increased from 10% in 1997 to 97% a


Pregnancy and HIV: before and after of P076.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10491)
Acosta MA, Figna C, Agostini M, Somenzini C, Perafan G, Lupo S;;; Centro de Asistencia e Investigacion Clinica en Inmunocomprometidos(CAICI), Rosario, Argentina
BACKGROUND: The growth in the incidence of HIV infection in women in reproductive age has determined an increase in Vertical Transmission (VT) possibilities. The objectives are to investigate the pregnancies that took place in an HIV + female cohort in the last l0 years and to describe principal characters and ways of


Infant feeding practices among HIV-infected mothers in India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10492)
Suryawanshi N, Shankar A, Pisal H, Bharucha K, Shrotri A, Phadke M, Bollinger R, Sastry J;;; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, India
BACKGROUND: Although HIV transmission is known to occur through breastfeeding, mixed feeding may increase that risk and other animal milks may lead to increased infant morbidity. This study was conducted to measure post-natal infant feeding practices among HIV-infected mothers in India .


Morbidity associated with elective cesarean section in HIV-infected patients, Bangkok, Thailand.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10493)
Roongpisuthipong A, Asavapiriyanont S, Suchritpongsa P, Chaovarindr U, Mock P, Teeraratkul A, Tappero JW, Simonds RJ;;; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
Introduction: Mother to child HIV transmission (MTCT) mainly occurs during labor and delivery. Efforts to interrupt MTCT have focused on the use of antiretroviral drug therapy to reduce maternal HIV-1 plasma viral load. The use of elective cesarean section (ECS) can benefit HIV+ women who fail to achieve viral load sup


Vertical transmission of HIV in a general hospital of the Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina.1988-1996 / 1996-2001.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10494)
Lencina MN;;; Hospital Universitario Interzonal de Agudos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: 7% of AIDS patients in Argentina are children. HIV Vertical Transmission is reduced significantly by the administration of antiretroviral drugs (ARV), so we wanted to demonstrate how much we have reduced the Vertical Transmission rate of HIV in our hospital after we began to use preventing ARV in HIV pregna


HIV vertical transmission with a maternal viral load between 1,000 e 10,000 copies in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10495)
Menezes JA, Cruz ML, Matos H, Joao EC, d'Ippolito MM, Braga RC, Medeiros AF, Salgado LA, Calvet GA;;; Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Since 1996 the Infectious Diseases and Maternal Fetal Departments of Hospital dos Servidores do Estado (Rio de Janeiro) have been following a cohort of HIV + pregnant women and their babies. Besides prenatal care, antiretrovirals (ARV), viral load (Nuclisens/NASBA), CD4 counts and infant formula were offere


Mother to child transmission prevention strategies in resource constrained settings of rural Namakkal in South India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10496)
Samuel NM;;; TN DR MGR Medical University, Chennai, India
BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS crisis threatens to overwhelme public health and it s resources. It is estimated that globally MTCT ranges from 13- 60%. While in India the data suggest that 36 - 48%. At rural MTCT prevention center. VCTC and ARV prophylaxis was provided. Patients and METHODS: 5010 pregnant women were group counse


Maternal HIV and child survival; Rakai, Uganda.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10497)
Brahmbhatt HP, Kigozi GK, Wabwire-Mangen FW, Wawer MW, Gray RH;;; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Long-term survival of infants born to HIV+ mothers in Africa has been poorly documented. We assessed 2-year survival of children born to HIV+ and HIV- mothers. METHODS: Data are from a prospective community-based study in Rakai District, Uganda . Infant HIV status (PCR) was evaluated at 1-6 weeks postpartum


Nevirapine in Unregistered Seropositive mothers at Namakkal Government Hospital - in South India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10498)
Parameshwari S, Jacob M, Viswanath R, Anitha D, Samuel NM;;; Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R.Medical university, Chennai, India
BACKGROUND: Namakkal is high-risk area for HIV infection in South India . The weavers and lorry owners cum drivers live in Namakkal. They travel all over India for a long period of time away from their families, where they acquire the infection through heterosexual route and transmits to their partners.


Feasibility of preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Zimbabwe.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10499)
Mateta P, Stranix L, Moyo S, Nyoni N, Mhazo M, von Lieven A, Langhaug L, Maldonado Y, Katzenstein D, Hill D, Gonah N, Shetty AK, Bassett MT;;; Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
BACKGROUND: Acceptability of VCT by pregnant women is critical in the context of trials assessing interventions to reduce MTCT of HIV. We studied the logistics and uptake of short-course AZT regimen by HIV-infected pregnant women after VCT in urban Zimbabwe . METHODS: From June 199


The model of medical care for HIV positive pregnant patients developed by the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital -- Paraiba -- Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10500)
Neto OP, Frade JD, Madruga MF;;; University Hospital, Joao Pessoa, Brazil
ISSUES: This paper presents the model of medical care for HIV positive pregnant patients developed by the mother-child Job of Specialized Assistance (SAE) of the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital at the Federal University of Paraiba, from their reception by the service, and including pre-natal care, delivery and post


Successful of Zidovudine prophylaxis to prevent mother to child transmission.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10501)
Contarelli J, Alberich G, Cucchetti A, Massera L, Michaan M, Borga SR, Viamonte JS, Scaglione E;;; Hospital San Juan de Dios, La Plata, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Zidovudine prophylaxis is a powerful tool to decrease vertical transmission of HIV. A plan based on pACTG076, national and international guidelines is currently prescribed. OBJECTIVE: To know the local profile of mother to child transmission in an infectious diseases tertiary care center from La Plata, 700.


Birth Weight and neonatal scores in babies exposed to HAART in Hospital Femina, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10502)
Fonseca RC, Bechstedt G, Peixoto MF;;; Hospital Femina, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Introduction: The prevalence of HIV infection in pregnant women in Porto Alegre is near 5 %. Working with the goal of maternal viral load reduction as the most important meassure for protection of the babies born to HIV infected mothers, we need evaluated side effects in children of HAART used during pregnancy. METHODS


HIV seroreactivity profile among pregnant woman analyzed at Adolfo Lutz Institute - Sao Paulo Secretariat of Health, Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10503)
Ueda M, Yamashiro R, Oliveira CA, Fernandes A, Campos AR;;; Microbiology and Immunology Service/Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: According to recent Brazilian STD/AIDS National Program estimation, there is in Brazil about 13,000 pregnant women (pw) infected with HIV. Considering the continuous availability of injectable zidovudine for the prevention on mother-to-child HIV transmission, public policies have been implemented nationwide


Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10504)
Dzidzonu AC, Dzekpa YL, Danklou AR, Kwadzo M, Dzidzonu-Doh AC, Akpalou AC;;; CHU, Lome, Togo
Issues and objectives: Management of the seropositive woman: 1) To reduce the morbidity of the seropositive woman during her pregnancy, etc. METHODS: The study was conducted in a health centre in Lome ( Togo ) 35 women with their 37 children took part in this study which covered a period of 7 years (January 1994 - Octo


Media women and HIV/AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10505)
Akparanta-Emenogu AC;;; Media, Lagos, Nigeria
ISSUES: In Nigerai,about 80 per cent of hiv/aids cases are said to be transmitted through hetero-sexual means, which involves both men and women. Yet, the Nigerian media has remained persistent in its view that women are vectors and men victims. This stance by the media is informed by gender bias in media ownership, ig


Prolonged successful therapy with Nelfinavir in inner city women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10506)
Greiger-Zanlungo P, Alpert P, Smith C, Blick G;;; Mt. Vernon Hospital/New York Medical College, Mt. Vernon NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Initial studies have demonstrated good short-term efficacy of Nelfinavir (NFV), while recent data suggest a more durable effect in a predominantly male HIV/AIDS population. Our multicenter study is evaluating clinical response and long term efficacy in women only, many of whom were enrolled in adherence pro


Gender differences in depression and adherence among people living with HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10507)
Eversley R, Egorin M;;; University of California, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between depression, HIV disease, medication adherence, and use of mental services among people living with HIV at a county health care system in northern California. METHODS: 149 people living with HIV were surveyed to examine their use of HIV care,


Virological, immunological and clinical response to highly active antiretroviral therapy: the gender issue revisited.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10508)
Moore AL, Kirk O, Lundgren JD, Phillips AN;;; Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences and Centre for HIV Medicine, Royal Free and UCH Med School, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: HAART has dramatically improved the prognosis for patients with HIV. Heterosexual spread of HIV is increasing and 20% of HIV-infected individuals North America and Europe are female. The EuroSIDA cohort allows reassessment of a possible gender effect using a large cohort. METHODS: The cohort is described el


Plasma viral loads are not gender-specific in Indian HIV/AIDS population.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10509)
Gilada IS, Lalla-Reddy S, Lange M;;; Unison Medicare &Research Centres, Mumbai, India
Backgrounds: Plasma viral load (PVL) is considered to be an indicator of severity of HIV infection and its subsequent progression. Higher PVL levels would suggest an increased progression of the disease. Recent studies have suggested that HIV disease progression, as measured by higher PVL levels, is faster among women


Impact of HAART on acute psychosis in patients with AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10510)
Torre D, Fraticelli C, Gualandi E, Gambarini S, Tambini R;;; Dept Infectious Diseases, General Hospital, Varese, Italy
BACKGROUND: Acute psychosis (AP), an uncommon serious complication of HIV-1 infection, is a late manifestation of the disease, and may occur during both asymptomatic and symptomatic stages of infection. Since HAART has therapeutic value in HIV-1-related cognitive impairment and AIDS dementia complex, this study was


Gender differential in HAART utilization in an inner city clinic.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10511)
Morris CN, Adilman S, Chen W;;; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: There has been an explosive epidemic of HIV in injection drug users in Vancouver, Canada s inner city. This area has a population of 16,725 and by some estimates, more than 6,000 injection drug users. The Vancouver Native Health Society Medical Clinic is situated in the center of Vancouver s inner city neig


Association of gender and race with baseline HIV viral load and CD4 count.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10512)
Hasan MQ, Giordano T, Sadeque AK, White AC, Visnegarwala F;;; University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, United States
BACKGROUND: Controversy exists regarding the influence of gender & race on a patient s baseline (BL) viral load (VL). We hypothesized that gender & race would not predict BL VL in antiretroviral (ART) naive patients, if adjusted for CD4 count. METHODS: Data was abstracted from a longitudinal database at the Tho


The gap between the educated and the uneducated in accessing anti retroviral drugs in Uganda.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10513)
Byaruhanga BK, Otim TW;;; Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: joint clinical research centre is a leading centre for hiv/aids treatment. There is need to find out which category of people come to joint clinical research centre (JCRC) to seek hiv counselling and testing before they can start on ARVs and to find out why clients prefer to come to jcrc for hiv testing and


Effect of Immuvac on CD4 count in symptomatic HIV+ve individuals.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10514)
Kharkar RD;;; Kharkar clinic, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND: There is decrease in Th1 response and CD4 count in HIV. Immuvac is immunomodulator marketed in India for faster killing and clearance of organisms in multibacillary leprosy. It improves Th1 response. It contains killed mycobacterium W. It was evaluated in symptomatic HIV+ve subjects in an open label pilot s


Safety of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination in HIV-infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10515)
dos Santos SS, Lopes MH;;; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: The increasing number of individuals who live with HIV/AIDS makes necessary to evaluate the safety of immunizing these persons against well known pathogenic agents, in view of the fact that this population presents a higher incidence of autoimmune and hypersensitivity phenomena. METHODS: Seventy-nine asympt


Immunomodulator gamma-plant active against HIV-infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10516)
Kiseleva I, Chekanovskaya L, Generalov A, Sato S, Nossik D;;; D.I.Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russian Federation
BACKGROUND: Natural immunomodulators could suppress HIV replication or enhance host s immune system to combat HIV-infection. Previously we had found that glycoprotein (m.m. 70 kD) extracted from plant Solanum tuberosum, purified by HPLC and named gamma-plant (GP) had antiinflammatory action in case of reactive arthriti


Significant association between poor dietary zinc intake and zinc deficiency in HIV infected drug users.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10517)
Campa A, Baum MK, Lai S, Lai H, Yang Z, Sales S, Page B;;; Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
BACKGROUND: Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in HIV infected populations, including those on HAART. Since Zn deficiency depresses immunity, and is associated with excess HIV mortality, causes of Zn deficiency in HIV-infection need to be determined. METHODS: Dietary Zn, plasma Zn and immune


Effects of increased intake of dietary micronutrients on oxidative stress indicators in HIV/AIDS patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10518)
Gil del Valle L, Lewis L, Martinez G, Fernandez Y, Gonzalez L, Tarinas A, Gonzalez I, Tapanes R, Avila LJ;;; Institute, Havana, Cuba
BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have identified deficiencies in micronutrients as effecting progression to AIDS and death in HIV patients. The infection and its evolution lead to an increased requirement for nutritional antioxidants. A micronutrients deficiency intake involves those with antioxidant activity like vi


KAIPPG's nutritional support program for AIDS-affected families.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10519)
Onyango J;;; NGO, Mumias/Kakamega, Kenya
ISSUES: The Kenya AIDS Intervention/Prevention Project Group (KAIPPG) is a local NGO that works with the disadvantaged people of rural areas in W. Kenya. KAIPPG has developed an innovative nutrition program, entitled Community-Based Dietary Intervention Project , to deal with the malnutrition that is a major factor in


Nutritional status and dietary intake in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients.
Int conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10520)
[No authors listed];;;
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate nutritional status and dietary intakes in HIV patients. METHODS: Subjects were 27 relatively healthy HIV-infected patients at different stage of the infection, mean age was 34.5+/-.11.5 year. Dietary information was obtained from seven-day records of food consumption. The main clinical, biologica


The effects of protease inhibitor on the anthropometrical indexes in children with AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10521)
Neto CS, Negra MD, Queiroz W, Yu CL, Pochini AP, Pacola DP, Klautau GB, Fisberg M;;; Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
OBJECTIVE: The anthropometrical data of 116 pediatric AIDS patients aged 2.6 to 13.1 years were analyzed during six months before and after the introduction of protease inhibitor therapy (PI). METHODS: Weight, height and body mass index (score Z analysis)were collected during the 6 months before the administration of a


The role of herbalists in HIV/AIDS prevention and management in Kenya.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10522)
Eshuchi R;;; Family Health International, Nakuru, Kenya
ISSUES: With medical care almost out of reach for most Kenyans, the role of herbalist is increasingly becoming important as the majority of the sick who cannot afford health care in both private and public facilities resort to traditional medicine for treatment - a good number suffering from HIV related complications.


Cultural constructions and responses to HIV/AIDS in rural Zimbabwe.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10523)
Taylor TN;;; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
ISSUES: Zimbabwe is experiencing one of the most severe AIDS epidemics in the world; one out of four people is infected with HIV. Many infected people rely on traditional healing as an alternative explanation of illness. Through the distinct cultural sensibilities of these traditional practices the afflicted give meani


Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the treatment of HIV/AIDS in Australia.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10524)
Mijajlovic S, Minichiello V, Jones GL, Watson K;;; University of New England, Armidale NSW, Australia
BACKGROUND: Many studies have found that at least one-third to one-half of people with HIV-AIDS use some type of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). However, there currently is insufficient information to evaluate treatment safety, appropriateness, or clinical value for many CAM interventions. In the past, la


An open label trial of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) for depression in HIV patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10525)
Jones KL;;; Cornell University, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: We report a pilot study of S-Adenosylmethionine for the treatment of depression in 10 HIV/AIDS patients. Major Depressive Disorder is common in patients with HIV/AIDS. The prevalence of depression ranges from 15% in some studies to over 40% in IV drug abusers.(1) The novel antidepressant agent S-Adenosylmet


Combined regimen of dietary supplementation and exercise reduces diarrhea, increases muscular strength, and improves quality of life (QOL) in HIV+ men receiving Nelfinavir (NFV).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10526)
Heiser CR, French N, Russert MM, Slotten R, Klein T, Martin R, Ernst J;;; Integrated Clinical Solutions, Indiana University, Chicago, United States
BACKGROUND: HAART increases life expectancy for HIV patients, but is associated with diarrhea that may lead to malabsorption, wasting, fatigue and poor QOL. The effects of cardiovascular and strength training concurrent with supplements of probiotics, soluble fiber and L-Glutamine (Suppl) on muscular strength and endur


Comparative study of immunological &clinical responses to NNTRI based triple regimen with an immunomodulatory herbomineral compound reimun alone and in combination with dual NRTI regimen.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10527)
Pazare AR, Vaid Z, Vaidya SB;;; G S Medical College &KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND: Clinical & immunological benefits have been reported with an herbonimeral immunomodulator Reimun. In India even with price reduction, use of ARV essentially comprises of dual NRTIs. Therefore comparative study of NNTRI based HAART with Reimun alone & in combination with dual NRTI regimen was planned


Alternative Therapies: a real option in the taking action against HIV, the opportunistic conditions, and the traditional medical treatment side effects; a CBO perspective and experience.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10528)
Martinez L;;; Fundacion SIDA de Puerto Rico, Inc, San Juan, Puerto Rico
ISSUES: Traditional medical treatments side effects and the opportunistic conditions are among the most frequently problems that people with HIV copes daily. The alternatives to deal with them not only will be determinant factors in the decision of keep in treatment or not, but must be a complementary part of the treat


Aligning traditional and allopathic medicine in the provision of antiretroviral therapy in Botswana.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10529)
Motsumi OO;;; achap, Gaborone, Botswana
The Government of Botswana (GOB) has taken the bold move of being the first African country to introduce large scale provision of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs free of cost. The country has mobilised resources across a broad spectrum of local and international partners in an attempt to deliver quality ARV care to its citi


Women fighting AIDS in Kenya, Traditional medicine and HIV/AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10530)
Odongo EA;;; Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: To sustain and promote various forms of traditional medicine and to devlope ties with Beneficial culture, practices throughout the country. METHODOLOGY: Wofak started a program on traditional medicine and HIV/AIDS in management of opportunistic infections related to HIV/AIDS to her members who are infected


Recombinat human growth hormone in AIDS wasting syndrome associated with HAART and nutritional support.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10531)
Feregrino-Goyos FG, Alvarado-Diez Rocio AD, Ruiz-Campos Omar. RC, Gomez-Caro Humberto GC;;; CITAID, SC. Centro de Investigacion y Terapeutica Avanzada en Inmunodeficiencias, SC., Mexico, City, D.F., Mexico
BACKGROUND. Wasting syndrome (WS) is the most frequent and late clinical presentation of HIV/AIDS in people of Mexico . The causes were serious: very advanced HIV disease, diarrhea and opportunistic infections and is frequent cause of bad evolution and bad response to treatment with HAART. OBJECTIVES. To compare the ro


Serum erythropoietin levels and bone marrow profile in HIV related anemia in drug naive Indian patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10532)
Samdani P, Deshpande AK;;; Grant Medical College &Sir J J Hospital, Mumbai, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND: Reports in Western literature show, that the main cause of Anemia in HIV patients is AZT induced bone marrow toxicity. Bone marrow has a blunted response to Erythropoietin (EPO). In Indian population, severe anemia is the commonest comorbid condition in the absence of Antiretroviral therapy (ART), adversely


Hepatitis B virus virologic response to Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for HIV/HBV co-infected patients resistant to Lamivudine Therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10533)
Park J, Braun J, Goldman D, Weisz K, Freemantle H, Chieffe R, Mullen MP, Dieterich D;;; New York University, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Lamivudine therapy(LAM) results in resistance in 15-32 % of Hepatitis B(HBV) infected patients(pts) after one year and about 90% of HIV/HBV co-infected pts after four years. Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate(TDF) has anti-HIV activity and in vitro activ


Monitoring for efficacy of HAART in limited resource countries.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10534)
Marih L, Sodqi M, Bensghir R, Marhoum El Filali K, Himmich H;;; Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
BACKGROUND: As ARVs prices are coming down, questions about monitoring tools for guiding HAART in limited resource countries are starting to be addressed. We describe the experience of Morocco , poor country with low prevalence of HIV infection, where prescription of HAART is one of the first experience in Africa. METH


Evaluation of HBV and HCV seroprevalence in samples tested for HIV by the Brooklin Public Health Laboratory - STD/AIDS in the city of Sao Paulo.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10535)
Daher MA, Romano IS, Camargo RA, Mukai MS, Carneiro RS, Soares CL;;; STD/AIDS Coordination of Sao Paulo City Health Department-Sao Paulo -Brazil, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Introduction:The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HBV and HCV in blood samples also tested for HIV.The city of Sao Paulo is the biggest one in Brazil . The STD/AIDS Coordination of Sao Paulo City Health Department is responsible for 19 STD/AIDS Centers and carry out around 72000 HIV tests per y


HIV and HBV coinfection inTiko Cameroon.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10536)
Anjorin E;;; Cameroon Development corporation, Limbe, Cambodia
BACKGROUND: HBV has a prevalence of 9% in Cameroon . HIV has a prevalence of 12% in Cameroon. The same route can transmit both HBV and HIV. 95% HIV infected persons have markers for HBV, but 90% of them are asymptomatic for Hepatitis. METHODOLOGY: A 6-year retrospective study carried out by using Blood Donors record in


Clinical course of viral hepatitis A in patients with co-infection HIV and HCV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10537)
Maksimov SL, Kravtchenko AV, Kozhevnikova GM, Maksimova RF;;; Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
BACKGROUND. Viral hepatitis A (HA), without underlying liver disease favorably proceeding infection rarely causing fulminate hepatic failure and coming to end by recovery. There are limited data on the course of this infection in patients with co-infection HIV and HCV. OBJECTIVE. To find out features of clinical course


Hepatotoxicity after HAART in HIV/HCV co-infected patients is associated with increased HCV core-specific IgG antibody and sCD26 (DDP IV) enzyme activity.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10538)
Stone SF, Lee S, Keane NM, Price P, French MA;;; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Perth Hospital &Department of Pathology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
BACKGROUND: Up to 55% of patients with HIV/HCV co-infection experience hepatotoxicity during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We hypothesised that this is the result of restoring an immune response against HCV in the liver. To test this hypothesis, we undertook a retrospective longitudinal study of plasma


Prevalence of HBV and HCV among HIV-positive and -negative patients in Cameroon.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10539)
Kobayashi E, Ndembi N, Takehisa J, Takemura T, Ngansop C, Youmo H, Ido E, Miura T, Takeda K, Hayami M, Kaptue L, Ichimura H;;; Department of Viral Infection and International Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
BACKGROUND: There has been reported about the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Cameroon , where HIV-1 is believed to have originated from. However, the relationship between infections with these hep


Comorbidity of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in people with severe mental illness.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10540)
Marsh BJ, Rosenberg SD, Butterfield MI, Constantine NT, Essock SM, Goodman LA, Osher FC, Swartz MS, Wolford GL;;; Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
BACKGROUND: Multiple studies have found that people with severe mental illness (SMI) in the U.S. population are at elevated risk for HIV infection. Behavioral risks in this population include high levels of injection drug use, use of cocaine, multiple sexual partners, high-risk partners, infrequent condom use, male-mal


Influence of HIV infection on severity of liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10541)
Uzdaviniene V, Rakickiene J, Caplinskas S;;; Lithuanian AIDS center, Vilnius, Lithuania
BACKGROUND. More than 50 percent of HIV positive people in Lithuania have serological HCV markers. Immunosupression by HIV significantly alters the natural history of HCV infection. A number of studies suggest that HIV infection worsens liver disease - alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level more higher, a greater degree


Effect of protease inhibitors on the severity of liver disease in HCV-HIV co-infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10542)
Rodriguez JF, Rodriguez M;;; UPR-RCM, San Juan, Puerto Rico
BACKGROUND: HCV-HIV co-infection is common and associated to risk of progression to end stage liver disease. Co-infected patients have added hepatotoxicity from the use of PIs in their HAART therapy. There is limited and conflicting data on the effect of PI in the course of HCV. METHODS: We evaluated 103 HCV-HIV co-inf


The effect of different chest physiotherapy schedules on progress of chest infections in Ugandan children living with HIV/AIDS. The Mildmay experience.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10543)
Ondoga PO;;; Mildmay Centre - Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: Chest infections are common in children living with HIV/AIDS, often requiring a comprehensive and multidisciplinary management. At the Mildmay center- Uganda , Physiotherapy techniques have often been applied in concert with other forms of treatment as part of managemtnt for chest infections in children liv


Interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for hepatitis C compensated cirrhosis in HIV positive patients treated with antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10544)
Bona AD, Uberti-Foppa C, Finazzi R, Maillard M, Ciuffreda D, Paties C, Lazzarin A;;; San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
BACKGROUND: Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Hepatitis C Virus coinfection has been associated with more rapid progression to HCV-related liver disease, and to an increased risk for HCV-related cirrhosis of the liver that has become a major cause of hospital admission and deaths among HIV-infected people. This study assess


Circumcision practices and risks of HIV transmission. Case study: Eastern Uganda.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10545)
Mayega MS;;; Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
Option 1 (tracks A-G) BACKGROUND: Circumcision is partly a culture and practice of removing the fore and inner skin of the man-hood . For females, their genitals are mutilated. In both cases, this risky and painful practice is performed on teenage youths, aged between 11-18. Usually, folk-surgeons carry out this exerci


Integrative psychotherapeutical care for people living with HIV/AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10546)
Vornyk BM;;; Ukrainian Family Planning Association, Kiev, Ukraine
The issue of psychotrauma in people who have learned that they are HIV-positive still remains poorly investigated. The following work is intended for development and implementation of an effective system of psychotherapeutical care during the three months after a pearson have learned of his/her HIV-infection. In the st


Determinants of using a condom in a group of low educated Belgian secondary schoolboys.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10547)
Philips HL, Hendrickx K, Avonts D;;; Department General Practice, Antwerp, Belgium
1. Introduction: In literature we can find that low educated schoolboys are at risk for sexual transmitted diseases (STD) and unwanted pregnancy. To get better results out of preventive actions, we need thorough knowledge about safe and unsafe sexual behaviour. The objective of our study is: What are the determinants o


What level of HIV care are primary care providers trained in the 80's and 90's providing today?
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10548)
Gates JD;;; PAETC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
BACKGROUND: Since 1988 we have conducted an intensive clinical training program for primary care providers with the aim of reducing barriers to quality HIV care by increasing the number of providers who are willing and capable of managing those infected with HIV. Can a brief HIV clinical training increase the number of


Opportunistic events (OE) under successful highly active antirretroviral therapy (HAART).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10549)
Pugliese DV, Ortega GJ, Benetucci JA;;; Hospital de Infecciosas F. J. Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
OBJECTIVES: To analyze occurrence of OE B/C (according to CDC classification-1993) under successful HAART in HIV-1 patients. METHODS: Medical charts of 149 patients under HAART were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were: HAART with, at least, 3 drugs; sustaining a Viral Load (VL)


Effecting and sustaining system change through a home delivered grassroots model for care, treatment and support linked to a medical center.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10550)
London KJ, Boyer A, Simpson L, Indyk D;;; Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Although HIV infected drug users often have substantial health care needs, many are not in consistent care. In NYC, there is a critical mass of such persons housed in hotel settings for homeless persons with AIDS. Targeting these disenfranchised individuals, Health Bridge has created a dynamic model for ide


Community based AIDS interventions.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10551)
Dharmaraj D;;; Prepare, Chennai, India
ISSUES: RTIs & STDs are common in women & men living around chennai. Multipartner sex in men has become the norm. Women have entered prostitution due to economic needs. Poverty, migration & resultant unemployment have increased sex trade & drug peddling that increase vulnerability of poor. DESCRIPTION:


TASO Mulago group - Strategies to combat AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10552)
Katumba KS, Matovu SM, Kaddumukasa AK, Kapere SK;;; The AIDS Support Organisation (TAS0)(U)Ltd, Kampala, Uganda
ISSUE: The role of the Drama group in prevention strategies PWA have a leading role to play in HIV/AIDS prevention strategies. This role has successfully emerged to facilitate campaigns of AIDS programmes, by forming the TASO Mulago Drama group. Project: The Model of PWA was recognised & instituted in 1987 at TASO


Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Nurses on HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10553)
Begum RA, Noor Mohemed U, Entore Ramachandran B, Indira D;;; Govt.Hospital, Chennai, India
BACKGROUND: Patients admitted for investigation or treatment of HIV infection and associated opportunistic diseases are increasing rapidly. Nurses are ideally placed to act as the patient s advocate and to liaise effectively between the patient and the other members of the health care team. AIDS is a recent disease in


Evaluation of the Functional Independence Measurement (FIM) of the AIDS patients in the Home Care in Porto Alegre City - Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10554)
Avila SN;;; City Council Health Dept./Brazilian Lutheran University, Porto Alegre, Brazil
BACKGROUND: This study is justified for the non-existence of research about the index in functional independence at the accomplishment of daily life activities in holders of HIV/AIDS and because there are few researches in physiotherapy and for the necessity of objeticves indicators to the services of Home Health Care


Day care services offered to HIV infected children -- Lessons learned.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10555)
Popovici S;;; Institute of Infectious Diseases Matei Bals, Romania, Romania
BACKGROUND: Romania faced with a special epidemic of HIV. The most cases were found in children. In present there are more than 5000 children living with HIV/AIDS. In the Institute of Infectious Diseases Matei Bals, Bucharest, there is a Day-Clinic, which cares 906 children. Beginning with 1994 we started to care the D


Comparison of interventions made by clinical pharmacist when an HIV inpatient service was changed to an HIV consult service.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10556)
Gunderson SM, Glowacki RC, Seeger JD, Garey KW, Pulvirenti J;;; University of Illinois at Chicago at Chicago, Chicago, United States
BACKGROUND: Hospitalizations among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have declined since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) leading to disbandment of some inpatient HIV specialty units. In these settings inpatient care has shifted to generalists. This may lead to an increase


Personality profile and adherence in HIV outpatients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10557)
Leombruni P, Orofino G, Carosella S, Fassino S;;; Dept Neurosciences, Univ. of Turin, Turin, Italy
BACKGROUND: Personality in HIV disease has been studied as a risk factor to acquire the infection and as a factor that plays a role in building life style of the patient. Adherence to HAART for HIV-1 infection is essential. For that reason there is a wide literature on it. Nevertheless little is known about the interac


From hospice to rehabilitation. Eleven years experience of an Italian nursing home for AIDS people.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10558)
Lodesani C, Guaraldi G, Righi E, Orlando G, Nardini G, Beghetto B, Bedini A, Bolzon R, Bertelli R, Cavazzi B, Esposito R;;; Universita di Modena, Modena, Italy
BACKGROUND: Our work focuses on the changing pattern of AIDS care in nursing homes. We report eleven years experience of Casa San Lazzaro in Modena. METHODS: A prospective, observational, cohort study was conducted at a nursing home in Modena. Data were collected in a prospective, observational way. RESULTS: 102 HIV-1-


Pregnancy course and outcome in an urban population of HIV+ pregnant women.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10559)
Virgo D, Bunge K, Keller J, Weikel T, Aina A, Ross B, Hanna G, Anderson J;;; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: With advances in HIV therapy and prevention of perinatal transmission (PT), many HIV+ women are considering pregnancy (pg). Women may also be unaware of their HIV or become infected while attempting pg. Many questions remain about pg course in HIV. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 82 HIV+ women/84 pg


Directly observed treatment of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10560)
Giron JA, Selma D, Bascunana A, Tinoco I, Vallejo J, Bello C, Vergara A;;; Casa de Acogida Gerasa, Chiclana (Cadiz), Spain
Background / Aims. The absence of compliance with antituberculous treatment is one of the main causes of failure of therapy in this infection. Analysis of efficacy of directly observed treatment of tuberculosis in a institution oriented to the attention of HIV-infected patients without personal or familiar support was


Clinical profile of HIV and AIDS - Experience with PLWHA in rural India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10561)
Bhrushundi MP, Ingole K;;; Govt Medical College, Yavatmal, India
BACKGROUND:-Extensive awareness programs for HIV and AIDS are taken up in India . However this is also influenced by socioeconomical background,stigma attached to the disease and educational status. Experience of working in rural area is presented here. METHOD: Patients who were referred to medicine OPD and those admit


The role of a day care center in the medical and psychosocial care of HIV/AIDS patients : the experience of the Dakar Outpatient Clinic (DCC OPALS/CRF).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10562)
Gueye NF, Badiane S, Sylla O, Tran-Minh T, Diouf LM, Mantion S;;; CTA OPALS CRF, Dakar, Senegal
BACKGROUND: The Day Care Center is a support entity backing up the Infectious Diseases Unit in caring for Persons Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) by: * Providing adjunctive services for a given period of time; * Avoiding the risk of stigmatization attached to long-term stays in an Infectious Diseases Unit with 80% of beds


HIV - infections in West - Pomeranian Area.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10563)
Kozlowska DK;;; Hospital, Szczecin, Poland
There have been 257 HIV-infections noted in West - Pomeranian Area since 1985 until 30TH September 2001. There are 267 persons under care of the Aqvired Immune System Deficiencies Clinic (77%-men and 23%-women); age: homosexuals 30-35 years, 40-45 years, bisexuals 35-40 years, drug addicted 25-30 years. 94 persons are


What do Cuban HIV / AIDS patients die of? The experience from 389 consecutive autopsied cases.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10564)
Capo de Paz VA, Hernandez EA, Avila LJ;;; Inst. Trop. Medicine, Havana City, Cuba
BACKGROUND: Autopsy on AIDS patients are of great importance to physicians who cared for them and for the medical personnel involved in their attention. There may be differences in the opportunistic diseases associated to AIDS among Cuban patients. METHODS: A retrospective, and descriptive study of the autopsies perfor


The need for a Care and Support Program for people living with HIV/AIDS in Vietnam.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10565)
Nguyen TB;;; Hanoi, Vietnam
Today HIV/AIDS is one of the world s most important problems. HIV/AIDS pandemic has passed from ordinary limits of health work; it affects everything and has a close connection with cultural, social, economic and development issues. According to the National Committee for HIV/AIDS prevention and Control of Drug abuse,


Home care for AIDS patients: cost and benefits.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10566)
Agostini MD, Burdese GF, Pagano E, Dragonetti G;;; Dept. Infectious Diseases Div. A Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, turin, Italy
BACKGROUND: The great difficulty of our society is to find how to satisfy the economic requests and the ethical and social principles on which the welfare state is based. METHODS: The purpose of our study is to examine the costs and the benefits of the Home Care organization: in fact we can observe that after the new H


Monitoring home care for AIDS in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil-2000.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10567)
Souza TR, Marins JR, Bassos CR, Fereira IM, Nemes MI;;; Center for References and Training for STD/Aids, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Home Care Service started in Sao Paulo in 94 as an alternative to conventional treatment in hospital. Until 99 there were 21 services however without any data for valuation, then we searched the month of September to have a first impression, knowing it to be important to the continuous monitoring in order t


Nurse led, home based, care for African Children with AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10568)
Hare B, Nalubega JF, Venables J;;; Child Advocacy International, Stoke on Trent, United Kingdom
ISSUES: Experience with a nurse led home based care programme for children living with AIDS in Africa. DESCRIPTION: A project which which provides care for orphans with HIV/AIDS in their homes. Each child and their family is visited at home every 4 weeks and attends a clinic, which runs twice per week, on a need basis.


Cognitive performance of persons infected with HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10569)
Cahill CA;;; MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, United States
BACKGROUND. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection results in changes in neuronal function causing dementia in later stages of the disease. New drug therapies effectively reduce or eliminate the virus from peripheral blood but the effect inside the blood brain barrier is not clear. Since peripheral viral load may


Linking clients to services.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10570)
Young HA;;; Community AIDS Network, Inc, Sarasota, United States
ISSUES: Patient care is directly affected by the availability of providers and whether or not patient are effectively linked to the provider. When a patient no-shows for an appointment it is to the detriment of his/her health and drain on provider resourses. Further, research by the Florida Department of Health indicat


First assessment of HIV infected patients by physicians in comparison to first assessment by nurses.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10571)
Nicca D, Spirig R, Werder V, Strub CH, Voggensperger J, Battegay M;;; Outpatient Departement of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
ISSUES: Assessments of patients by physicians and nurses regarding HIV-related symptoms, adherence to medication, quality of life, functional, psychosocial and behavioral aspects are crucial. Synergies of these assessments are usually not exploited and information not exchanged appropriately among nurses and physicians


State of oral health of HIV/AIDS adult patients in the Carolina Area of Puerto Rico.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10572)
Gonzalez R, Chiroque L, Torres A, Rodriguez M;;; University of Puerto Rico School of Public Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico
BACKGROUND: Evaluation of the state of oral health and their demographic, environmental, epidemiological and administrative characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients in the Carolina Health Area of Puerto Rico , 1999. METHODS: A sample of patients (163/761) was studied via questionnaires and dental examinations; 139 were mal


Family dynamics of families with HIV positive clients, in Madurai, India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10573)
Kavungnal JJ;;; Sacred heart nursing college, MaduraI, India
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to describe the family functioning of families with HIV positive clients. The sample consisted of 30 families, in which one of the family members was HIV positive. Both clients and relatives took part. The tool used was the Family dynamics measure (FDM II), is a 60 item, likert type


Promotion of abstinence through peer movement ;a faith based HIV prevention method.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10574)
Alibayagadde AH, Kaddu Mukasa Anne KM, Chimulwa TC, Martin OM;;; The AIDS Support Organisation (TAS0)(U)Ltd, Kampala, Uganda
ISSUES: Promotion of abstinence from sex among the youth is a strategy that has enabled youth to avoid behaviours that could lead to HIV infection.A faith based movement has promoted peer devotion to sexual abstinence and support to each other in the strategy to avoid risky behaviours as youth. Many of these youth have


Outpatient pharmacy satellite supports and enhances comprehensive care in HIV/AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10575)
Robinson LJ, Tuli A, Cohen JJ, Sutton M;;; Windsor Regional Hospital, Windsor, Canada
BACKGROUND: The role of a specialized pharmacist in the multidiscipline ambulatory care model for HIV/AIDS has been discussed in the literature since the advent of HAART. The cost of such specialization does not fit into most ambulatory care budgets. The objective of this study was to create and evaluate a full-service


Mapping of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment services in India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10576)
Benoit F, Xavier G, Rompay KV, Xavier J, Madhivanan P, Raghavan S;;; Loyola College, Chennai, India
ISSUES: India ranks second in the world with 4 million HIV infections. There are few hundred government, non-government and international organizations working towards prevention and treatment of HIV infection in India. Yet, comprehensive resource directory in a user-friendly format, categorized by district/state or ty


Psychiatric symptomatology and utilization of mental health services among patients using an efavirenz-containing regimen(Sustiva), in an urban, out-patient HIV clinic.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10577)
Theodore ME, Guarino V, Wolfe H, Sharp V;;; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Medical Center, New York City, United States
ISSUES: There is scant literature that documents the neuro-psychiatric complications of efavirenz . However, the prevalence of neuro-psychiatric side effects has been as high as 30 percent in some studies. We conducted a chart review to assess the utilization of mental health services, 3months prior to and 3 months aft


An effective treatment program has begun in Nigeria.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10578)
Ball SC, Boyle BA, Lytton JE, Adenekan A, Ogun Y, Jacobs JL, Falola R, Dawodu O;;; Center for Special Studies, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
ISSUES: Health care funding for AIDS treatment programs is scarce to non-existent in most Third World countries. In the United States , most patients have the luxury of not only availability but accessibility to antiviral medications. Much medication goes to waste. DESCRIPTION: The Starfish Project was created in July,


HIV managed health care - A South African experience.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10579)
Post FA, van der Valk RW, Brink RT;;; Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: South Africa carries a disproportionate share of the global HIV burden. Access to anti-retroviral treatment (ART) is limited, and skepticism exists regarding the feasibility of widespread ART. With the introduction of R30,000 (US$ 4,000) ART benefit, a number of Medical Aid Schemes administered by the Metro


Children living with HIV/AIDS in resource-limited settings need access to free medical and social care programs, and healthworkers and family carers need training in how to care.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10580)
Moss VA, Barigye H, Bakunda A, Kiyonga A, Kihumuro M;;; Mildmay International, Southend-on-Sea, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: At the end of 2001, there were 2.7 million children under 15 years of age living with HIV/AIDS ( UNAIDS est.). 0.7m (87.5% of total) who were newly infected, and 0.5m (86.2% of total AIDS related child deaths) who died in 2001, lived in Sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: Analysis of on-going data collected in 100


The impact of HIV/AIDS care and support services on quality of life of HIV positive patients at YRG-CARE, Chennai, India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10581)
Brown LF, Varma P, Daly C, Duraisamy P, Kumarasamy N, Mahendra V, Castle C, Solomon S;;; Tulane University, New Orleans, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS care and support programs aim to improve the quality of life (QOL) of their patients. YRG-CARE provides an integrated continuum of prevention, and care and support services for PLHA and their families in southern India . METHODS: New YRG-CARE patients were recruited from April 2000 to December 2001


HAART-less: World-wide estimate of the potential under utilization of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive persons.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10582)
Hogg RS, Chan K, Clotet M, Weber AE, Miller CL, Alkawaf R, Montaner JS;;; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: To estimate the number on and potential under use of antiretrovirals among HIV-positive adults. METHODS: This study used antiretroviral sales, demographic, economic, and epidemiologic data to estimate the number on and potential under use of antiretrovirals. Sales data were obtained from IMS USA and were us


Gruhopachaara: an operational model for the continuum of care in South East Asian nations.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10583)
Bose KS, Narahari SR, Mahadevan PE, Prasanna KS, Srikumar K, Thunga AR, Jayakrishna K, Abdulrahiman AA;;; institute of applied dermatology, kasaragod, India
The theme of GRUHOPACHAARA is training a core group of NGO volunteers in the community, neighbors & families of PLHA and health workers in health facilities on their relevant role of comprehensive care and on available resources for care (Government & private) with social support in each specific area of contin


A baseline assessment of the HIV/AIDS drug logistics management system in a rural district of Tanzania.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10584)
Mmbando D, Lema K, Muyingo S, Saba J, Reeler A;;; Ministry of Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Axios projects in Tanzania include improvement of availability of HIV-related essential drugs, laboratory agents and medical supplies that is currently limited. Axios did a rapid assessment of the existing drug logistics management systems (LMIS) in two districts: the indent system (IS) piloted in Morogoro


Pediatric HIV treatment guidelines for low resource settings.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10585)
Boland MG, Burr CK, Oleske JM, Podhurst LS, Lerner-Weiss N, Woods-Francis B, Goldman TM;;; Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center at the University of Medicine &Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, United States
BACKGROUND: The Francois-Xavier Bagnoud (FXB) Center is actively involved in development, dissemination and implementation of the guidelines for treatment of children, youth and pregnant women living with HIV infection in the U.S. The Center employs an evidence-based approach to guideline development using content area


Nutritional profile of HIV/AIDS patients from Rajasthan, India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10586)
Dutta K, Sati B, Garg DK, Purohit SD, Purohit A, Haag A, Raghavan S;;; AFXB, Jodhpur, India
BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS and malnutrition are inextricably interrelated. HIV infection exacerbates malnutrition through its attacks on the immune system and its impact on nutrient intake, absorption and utilization . Due to the fact that malnutrition has been an endemic problem in Rajasthan, we decided to evaluate the nutr


The often underrated cost component of anti-retroviral treatment programmes in caribbean countries.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10587)
Labastide W, Kitson-Piggott W, Wilson V, Vaughan H;;; Caribbean Epidemiology Centre (CAREC/PAHO/WHO), Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
ISSUE: The Caribbean has the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the Western Hemisphere and the second highest in the world. The high cost of anti-retroviral (ARV) drugs has been an obvious deterrent to the provision of optimum care and several countries have negotiated cheaper drug prices in 2001. The laboratory monitor


Availability of combination anti-retroviral therapy in Central America.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10588)
Wheeler DA, Arathoon EG, Pitts M, Cedillos RA, Bu TE, Porras GD, Herrera G, Sosa NR;;; Infectious Diseases Physicians, Annandale, Virginia, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV-infected individuals in the developing world have little access to combination anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). About 25,000 cases of AIDS (#AIDS) have been reported in Central America (CA), where most people depend on the publicly funded Ministries of Health (MH) for their care because few have access


Enhancing self-reliance: Enhancing sustainability of community care in AIDS epidemic.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10589)
Nantachaipan P, Senaratana W, Phongphit S, SaeTang P;;; Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
ISSUES: Heavy reliance upon external resources has been recognized as an important factor of unsustainable community development. A new approach is needed to enhance sustainability of community care. DESCRIPTION: In order to promote communities roles in care system for people infected and non-infected with HIV, a multi


Enhancing care initiative through empowerment process among people living with HIV and AIDS in northern Thailand.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10590)
Nantachaipan P, Senaratana W, SaeTang P, Vutthi S, Kamrangsri B;;; Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
ISSUES: There are more than 200 groups of people living with HIV/AIDS organized by the Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Northern Thailand . Greater involvement of those people in home and community care needed to be enhanced. Descriptions: The empowerment process has been used to empower and mobilize involveme


Antiretroviral therapy experience from Southern India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10591)
Kumarasamy N, Mayer KH, Hemalatha R, Flanigan T, Yepthomi T, Thyagarajan SP, Solomon S;;; YRGCARE, Chennai, India
BACKGROUND: There are very few reports on the beneficial effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) from developing countries. Here we report the survival time and adverse effects of persons who received antiretroviral therapy in a clinic-based population in Southern India . Materials and methods:YRGCARE p


Antiretroviral use in Malawi: experience with the government sponsored antiretroviral program.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10592)
Hosseinipour MC, Namarika D, Mwale B, Martinson F, Hoffman I, Luftl S;;; UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi
BACKGROUND: The magnitude of the AIDS epidemic in Malawi has prompted the Malawi National AIDS commission to develop an antiretroviral (ART) program despite the limitations of the health infrastructure. The program launched in January 2000, limited to the referral centers in Lilongwe and Blantyre. Initial medication av


Pilot study to evaluate efficacy, tolerance and adherence of three AR drug regimen in resource constrained rural district of Namakkal in South India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10593)
Samuel NM;;; Tn dr Mgr Medical University, Chennai, India
BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS is an emergency in India . Upto 5 million individuals are infected. ARV if used in public sector will assist in decrease infectiousness, OIs and will be an effective strategy to link care with prevention. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the efficacy, tolerance, supervisi


Role of communities in implementing a HIV/AIDS care and support project.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10594)
Thube CK;;; Pathfinder International, Nairbi, Kenya
ISSUES: The presentation aims at identifying crucial roles communities play in implementing HIV/AIDS Care and Support project. DESCRIPTION: In Kenya , the HIV/AIDS epidemic has resulted in an overburdened health care system that is increasingly unable to provide adequate levels of care and support to people living with


How to make antiretroviral therapies affordable to patients in Africa: the experience of the national program in Senegal.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10595)
Laniece I, Sylla O, Desclaux A, Ndiaye M, Thiam A, Mbodj F, Ball D, Ndoye I;;; Cooperation Francaise / PNLS, Dakar, Senegal
BACKGROUND: costs of antiretroviral therapies (ART), even after reduction consented by pharmaceutical companies for southern countries, are far above financial means of most African people living with Aids. A research study supported by PNLS, ANRS and IRD was focused on financial accessibility of ART in the Senegalese


Clinical guidelines for paediatric hiv care in sub-saharan africa.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10596)
Hiffler L, OKeeffe C, Murmin J;;; Mildmay International Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
ISSUES: By December 2001 there were 2.7 million children living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. More than 90 % of them are in the developing world. HIV is a tremendous burden for families and health systems. There is little evidence on how to handle paediatric HIV specific conditions in resource limited countries. There is al


Mobil unit, outpatient psychosocial intervention of adolescents living with AIDS in a rroma community in Mizil Romania.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10597)
Grosanu S, Morosan I, Chivu N, Covaciu M, Covaciu M, Nanu M, Sanchez JL, de la Mano E;;; Adolescent Association, Bucharest, Romania
Romania is the country with the highest incidence of HIV among children and adolescents. HIV infection rate in Mizil Prahova exceed other areas. According to the data of the Ministry of Health 47 children and adolescents are infected with HIV in a total population of about 30000 inhabitants. Most of the HIV+ cases ar


Community-based approaches to HIV treatment in resource-poor settings.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10598)
Farmer P, Leandre F, Mukherjee JS, Claude MS, Nevil P, Smith-Fawzi MC, Koenig SP, Castro A, Becerra MC, Addo M, Walker B, Kim JY;;; Partners In Health and Harvard Medical School and Zanmi Lasante, Boston, United States
ISSUES: In the past year AIDS overtook TB as the world s leading infectious cause of adult deaths. Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), AIDS-related mortality has dropped sharply in the developed world, however, antiretroviral agents are not widely used in poor countries where HIV takes its


An evaluation of antiretroviral HIV/AIDS treatment in a Rio de Janeiro public clinic.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10599)
Carmody E, Diaz T, Starling P, Rocha Beruthdos Santos AP, Sacks H;;; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: The Brazilian public health system has implemented free, universal access to anti-retroviral therapy (ARVs) for HIV-infected patients (PTs). To evaluate this system, we did a pilot study to: 1) Describe ARV combinations used, 2) Determine whether ARVs were prescribed according to Brazilian guidelines, and 3


Improving access to esential drug for people living with HIV/AIDS in rural Guatemala.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10600)
Cottom HL, Pedrique B, de Dios A, Smith D, Condon M, Andrieux-Meyer I, Calmy A, Girona A, Valverde O;;; Medecins Sans Frontieres, Guatemala
ISSUE: Treatment and prophylaxis of opportunistic infections (OI) is not available in outpatient clinics in Guatemala and drugs needed are out of reach for most People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWA) Proyecto Vida started in 1997 a project in Coatepeque to offer free comprehensive care for PLWA. DESCRIPTION: Proyecto Vida


Natural loss Of CD4 cells among HIV-Infected Indian adults.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10601)
Bhatia VP, Hira SK, Mahulkar SY, Panchal K;;; ARCON, Mumbai, India
OBJECTIVE: To monitor the annual loss of CD4 cells in patients who were ARV-naive. Patients & merhods: A self-selected cohort of 377 adult patients with confirmed HIV infection was monitored at ARCON Centre, Sir JJ Hospital, Mumbai between 1996 and 2001. Most patients were staged as AIDS (CD


Availability of pediatric HIV care and treatment services in selected sub-Saharan African countries.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10602)
Woods-Francis B, Romaguera R, Fleming WO, Goldman TM, Podhurst LS, Learner-Weiss N, Boland MG;;; Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, an estimated 1.1 million children live with HIV/AIDS. The HIV/AIDS Bureau of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HAB/HRSA), supported the efforts of the National Pediatric & Family HIV Resource Center, Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center (NPHRC/FXB) to conduct a needs ass


Mobilisation of care and support in a resource poor setting.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10603)
Crockett S, Malau C, Cox E;;; Burnet Institute for Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
ISSUE: Papua New Guinea is facing a potentially devastating HIV/AIDS epidemic, with a significant increase in HIV prevalence in the major city, Port Moresby. AIDS is now the leading cause of death at the Port Moresby General Hospital. Treatment and support for people with HIV/AIDS is still a new area in


Anti-retroviral treatment at University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) Malaysia from 1990 to 2001.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10604)
Sowerby MC, Hughes AJ, Ariffin N, Tan LH, Dickson B, Kamarulzaman A;;; University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Background- UMMC is an 800 bed tertiary referral center in Kuala Lumpur and is one of 2 main referral centres for HIV medicine in Malaysia . We recently commissioned an electronic database to collect prospective data on HIV positive patients treated by our Infectious Diseases Unit. Data was entered retrospectively on a


Antiretroviral therapy in South African adolescents with access to managed care.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10605)
Cotton M, Hislop MS, Regensberg L;;; Univ. of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND. There are no data on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South African adolescents. The annual seroprevalence survey of antenatal clinic attendees of public clinics documented a prevalence of 16.1% in women below 20 years of age. Adolescents with chronic diseases are regarded as being difficult to manage. Aid f


The use of HAART in children in Rural Haiti.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10606)
Mukherjee JS, Farmer P, Leandre F, Claude MS, Nevil P, Fawzi MC, Koenig SP, Castro A, Becerra MC, Addo M, Walker B, Kim JY;;; Partners In Health and Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
ISSUE: Approximately 600,000 children were newly infected and 500,000 children died of AIDS in 1999. Developing and quantifying operational models for the use of HAART in resource-poor settings should include HAART for affected children as part of a comprehensive global AIDS strategy. DESCRIPTION: Clinique Bon Sauveur


Developing a clinical algorithm for the use of HAART in Rural Haiti.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10607)
Farmer P, Leandre F, Mukherjee JS, Claude MS, Nevil P, Fawzi MC, Koenig SP, Castro A, Becerra MC, Addo M, Walker B, Kim JY;;; Partners In Health and Harvard Medical School and Zanmi Lasante, Boston, United States
ISSUE: Concrete examples of strategies to use HAART in poor countries are lacking. Developing operational models for the use of HAART in resource-poor settings is a critical component of a comprehensive global AIDS strategy. DESCRIPTION: Haiti is a country with an HIV seroprevalence of up to 13% in poor urban regions.


Barriers to acceptance of and adherence to injection medications in an urban HIV Clinic.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10608)
Matillano CM, Pedro BD, Boyle BA;;; New York - Presbyterian Hospital, New York Weill Cornell Center, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: A number of injection medications are currently available or in development for the treatment of HIV and HCV infections. Barriers to the acceptance of and adherence to these medications in an HIV-infected patient population have not been previously studied. METHODS: Eighty consecutive patients presenting fo


ACTG 5089: Development of assessment of body change distress (ABCD) questionnaire for evaluation of fat redistribution.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10609)
Neidig JL, Holmes W, Reynolds NR, Gifford AL, Zackin R, Wu AW;;; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
BACKGROUND: Patient distress about fat redistribution is an important consequence of antiretroviral therapy (ART), but there are no standard measures of this concept. We developed a self-report questionnaire to examine body change distress as an outcome in lipodystrophy/lipoatrophy treatment trials and as a predictor o


Correlates of perceived personal control over health among substance users on HIV-antiretrovirals (ART).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10610)
Webster RD, Ekstrand ML, Stall RD, Martin JN, Bangsberg D, Paul JP, Crosby GM;;; University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Personal control over health is likely important in influencing adherence to antiretroviral therapy but little is known about the determinants of perceived personal control among substance users on ART. METHOD: We report on baseline data for the first 200 participants in a randomized controlled trial of an


Clinical manifestations of HIV+ cases in low endemic area of India.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10611)
Mathur D, Acharya V, Shukla SR, Sharma R, Singh V;;; SMS Hospital, Jaipur, India
BACKGROUND: The present study is from SMS Medical College and attached hospital of Jaipur the Capital city of Rajasthan, the largest geographical state of India , categorized under Low endemic state (high risk behavior group less than 5% and ANC attendees less than 0.25%) METHODS: The HIV+ cases registered, detailed hi


Lipodystrophy and body image in men and women living with HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10612)
Collins EJ, Burgoyne RW, Wagner CA, Nur M, Halman MH, Abbey S, Walmsley SL;;; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: A cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the relationship between lipodystrophy (LD) and body image (BI) in an urban sample of 83 HIV-positive adults on antiretroviral therapy (ARV). METHODS: LD was rated by subjects on 5-point scales of severity in 8 body areas yielding scores for Atrophy, Hype


Self-perception of body alteration: related factors.(AIDS Outpatient Clinic --Casa da AIDS, Sao Paulo, Brazil).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10613)
Banks Ferreira Lopes MI, Santos CP, Felipe YX, Oliveira MS, Leite OH;;; Casa da AIDS, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Body s alterations (BA) are one of the most important adverse events related to the antiretroviral therapy (ARVT). The identification of the factors related to these alterations gives to the health team the opportunity to implement more efficient preventive and therapeutic strategies. METHOD: During 3 month


Youth empowerment skills out of school male adolescent HIV/AIDS pilot project.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10614)
Hussnain R;;; AMAL Human Development Network, Islamabad, Pakistan
BACKGROUND: Target population is out of school male youth aged 11-19 (usually coming from poor strata of society, mostly work in motor-workshops earning 10 Cents per day). Many hardships plague this segment of society, one area of extreme vulnerability, which has not received any attention is sexual exploitation. The f


Attitude of nursing students of Kolkata towards caring for HIV/AIDS patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10615)
Sibnath DR;;; Dept of Applied Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
Since there are a lot of misconceptions among cross-section of the society about different aspects of HIV/AIDS, in the present study an attempt was made to understand the attitude of nursing students towards caring for HIV/AIDS patients and their knowledge and perception about the disease. A group of 72 nursing student


Physiotherapeutic performance in the stimulating self-knowledge and self-care in HIV people.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10616)
Silveira KS, Avila SN, Lengler A;;; Brazilian Lutheran University, Canoas, Brazil
BACKGROUND: In this study we tried to show that the physiotherapist can help a group of HIV positive people stimulating self-knowledge and self-care with the objective of achieving body health. METHODS: This work inclueded HIV people living in the metropolitan area who attend the Positive Meeting Group from the AIDS Su


Are there differences in efficiency of HAART according to social-health origin?
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10617)
Portu J, Martin MJ, Pinedo A, Isusi L, Roy I, Jimenez JM, Ruiz de Apodaca JC, Agud JM;;; Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Spain
BACKGROUND: One of the criterium of Care Quality for patients with HIV infection is the percentage of patients with undetected viral load. Our objective is to determine whether differences in results exist according to their social-health situation. METHODS: We collected data from all the HIV (+) patients; these were c


Program of the prevention HIV/AIDs among the sexual workers in Saratov (Russia).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10618)
Borisenko LI;;; pr, Saratov, Russian Federation
Spreading epidemic of drug-abuse and HIV/AIDS in Russia leads to severe increasing risk among sex workers. Due to this the social service program for sex workers in 1999-2001 has been carrying out by the Saratov Public Fund for the Rehabilitation and Abilitation of Drug Dependent and HIV Positive People (SOOFRiA) altog


Discontinuation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis among injection drug users in Ontario, Canada.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10619)
Bayoumi AM, Gardner S, Goia C, Forte T, Millson P, Robinson G, Rachlis A;;; Ontario HIV Treatment Network, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: Injection drug users (IDUs) often receive inequitable care. We investigated discontinuation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis (PCP-px) among IDUs. METHODS: We analyzed participants in the HIV Ontario Observational Database, a voluntary longitudinal observational cohort. Participants were selecte


The First Medical Appointment of the HIV/AIDS Patients with Low Educational Background in the Gaffree &Guinle University Hospital (University of Rio de Janeiro) - Rio de Janeiro - Brazil.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10620)
Ferry FR, Gama CS, Arabe J, Morais de Sa CA, Auto-Espindola I, Carvalho RS, Motta RN;;; University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
The first medical appointment of a newly discovered HIV status patient is a very important procedure in developing countries. It is useful for correct therapeutic adhesion where the population has a very low social-economic and educational background. The use of an understandable oral language for patients is essential


Initial contact strategies based on expressed perceptions and priorities of adults who are homeless.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10621)
Stewart SA;;; California State University Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, United States
ISSUES: Adults who are homeless are at increased risk for HIV, and seek care late in the disease, if at all. Prior studies have been based on the assumption that external barriers cause the late seeking of care, and have reflected perceptions of providers. This study was undertaken to determine directly from adults who


Factors influencing successful antiretroviral management in a real world clinic population.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10622)
Bova CA, Himlan P, Davaro R;;; University of Massachusetts, Worcester, United States
BACKGROUND: Polysubstance use and mental illness increase the complexity associated with antiretroviral management. Clinical trial cohorts often do not reflect the extent of these comorbidities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe factors that influence successful highly active antiretroviral (ARV) mana


Assessment of the OI management services for AIDS patients in Northern Thailand:2001.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10623)
Leusaree T, Kunawararak P, Piyakul S, Ying-Ru L, Liewsaree W;;; CDC Region 10, Chiangmai, Thailand
BACKGROUND: For developing countries where antiretroviral drugs are inaccessible to the majority of HIV/AIDS patients due to high costs, management of opportunistic infections (OIs) remains an important role to decrease morbidity and mortality among them. In northern Thailand , the highest HIV prevalence area in the co


Access to antiretroviral drugs and survival in HIV-infected adults, Santiago de Chile : a descriptive cohort study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10624)
Henriquez A, Ortega R, Graells D, Arredondo A, Ballesteros J, Souteyrand Y, Anglaret X; ANRS, Santiago de Chile, Chile
BACKGROUND: Since 1997, the Chilean national AIDS program has been scaling up free access to antiretroviral multitherapies (ARM). A descriptive cohort study was started in the capital city to assess the evolution of the needs in HIV/AIDS drugs. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study from January 1989 to December 1999, pro


Evaluation of antiretroviral treatment and tb treatment in HIV positive Tuberculous patients in Abidjan ( Cote d'Ivoire ).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10625)
Bissagnene E, Eholie SP, Kakou A, Konan-Koko R, Kadio A;;; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficiency, observance and toxicity of ART in association with TB treatment in a cohort of African HIV + patients. METHOD: Multicentric study based on a standardized chart review of HIV+ patients cotreated with HAART and TB drugs. We compared the clinical and viroimmunologic parameters of two g


Delay in treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis due to early misdiagnosis at outside clinics in Kampala, Uganda.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10626)
O'Brien MP, Kambugu A, Sande M, Ellner J, Kamya M, Katabira E;;; Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the most common fatal central nervous system infection in late-stage AIDS patients in Sub-Saharan Africa. Patients who present late in the course of CM suffer worse outcomes, regardless of treatment. With access to anti-fungals increasing in Africa, strategies to facilitate p


HAART in Scotland: the access question.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10627)
Clutterbuck DJ, Barlow G, Bodasing N, Goldberg D, Allardice G, Nandwani R, Gentleman M, Scott GR, Cadwgan AM;;; Lothian University Hospitals, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: In Scotland, data relating to HIV monitoring and treatment is recorded centrally, providing an unusually complete picture of the uptake of care and use of therapy. At the end of 2000 there were known to be 3178 cases of HIV infection of which 1937 were not known to be dead. The monitoring of individuals wit


Lack of voluntary counselling and HIV testing in rural Malawi is a barrier to interventions for people with HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. B10628)
Chimzizi RB, Hargreaves NJ, Harries AD, Godfrey-Faussett P, Salaniponi FM;;; Malawi National TB Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi
ISSUES: In Malawi 77% of TB patients are HIV-positive, and have high rates of HIV-related complications and increased mortality. Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) is being offered to HIV-positive TB patients in Lilongwe District to prevent these complications and reduce deaths. DESCRIPTION: A new voluntary counsel


Motivational interviewing to improve antiretroviral adherence in HIV-infected methamphetamine dependence.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10629)
Atkinson JH, Wall T, Patterson TL, McCutchan JA, McClellan D, Martin JE;;; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, United States
BACKGROUND. Concern about adherence is paramount in methamphetamine-dependent populations, who are at high risk for nonadherence. Physicians commonly restrict use of antiretrovirals until stable abstinence from drugs occurs. But it is unknown whether improving adherence requires adherence training alone, preventing rel


Physician utilization of a nursing co-case management program in a primary care HIV clinic in New York City.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10630)
Walsh JA, Boyle BA;;; New York Weill Cornell Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
ISSUE: Need to improve utilization of a nursing co-case management program at The Center for Special Studies (CSS), the primary care HIV clinic at the Weill Cornell Center of New York Presbyterian Hospital. DESCRIPTION: CSS developed a multifaceted program for general HIV/AIDS education and support in an effort to impr


Effect of an intervention to improve adherence to HAART on viral load.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10631)
Koenig LJ, Ellerbrock T, Pratt-Palmore M, Stratford D, Bush T;;; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to compare the effect on viral load of an adherence intervention for highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to that of current adherence counseling in a large, urban HIV clinic. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, participants were assigned to an intervention g


Modified Directly Observed Therapy (MDOT) with cash incentives to improve adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in illicit drug users.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10632)
Barth-Jones DC, Essenmacher L, Schuman P;;; Center for Healthcare Effectiveness Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
OBJECTIVE: We conducted a pilot study of MDOT with cash incentives to see if adherence to ART could be improved in a group of illicit drug using patients with poor adherence to ART in the past year. METHODS: A convenience sample of 26 illicit drug users was recruited from the Detroit Medical Center HIV Program clinic.


Tolerability of nelfinavir for HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10633)
Horberg MA, Klein DB, Luu TT, Sinn K;;; Kaiser-Santa Clara, Santa Clara, United States
BACKGROUND: It is widely reported that use of nelfinavir (NFV) for HAART is limited due to its GI (mainly diarrhea) adverse effect. It has also been reported that the use of calcium carbonate taken concomitantly with NFV precludes this adverse effect. Kaiser-Permanente (KP) has routinely added calcium carbonate 500mg (


University for people living with haart: an intervention to enhance adherence to haart.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10634)
Andreo CA;;; Aides, Marseille, France
ISSUE: It has been showed that it s necessary to encourage and support HIV-infected patients medically eligible for HAART to devise appropriate individualised plans that can facilitate management of their treatment in their daily life. DESCRIPTION: The university was hold during 5 days, including 42 participants and 8


Issues in maintaining drug adherence in a third world treatment program.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10635)
Ball SC, Boyle BA, Lytton JE, Falola R, Dawodu O, Ogun Y, Jacobs JL, Adenekan A;;; Center for Special Studies, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
ISSUES: AIDS treatment programs in the third world suffer from lack of funding and lack of infrastructure. We noted a high default rate in our effort to begin a treatment program in Sagamu, Nigeria . DESCRIPTION: From July 2000 through December 2000, 48 patients were given antiretroviral medication as part of a treatme


Frequency of medical history items, drug-drug interactions and lifestyle patterns that potentially interfere with adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) medication combinations.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10636)
Lewis ST, Grimes RM, Lal L, Tran SM;;; The University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, Houston Texas, United States
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can cause drug-drug interactions, side effects and may interfere with lifestyle patterns (e.g. diet restrictions, work schedules, etc.) and thus contribute to treatment failures. Use of antiretroviral medications in combination increases the chance of potential adverse interacti


Once-per-day HAART therapy improves viral load suppression, CD4 counts and adherence to antiretroviral therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10637)
Grossman HA, Chambliss P, Reyes F, Rusu D;;; Polari Medical Group/Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: The biggest obstacle to effective antiretroviral therapy is patient adherence. Approval over the last year of several qd drugs, and data supporting the use of others in this way raises possibility of prescribing more patient-friendly, potent regimens. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 50 patients in a comm


Influence of counselling on adherence to antiretroviral combination therapy among HIV positive patients.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10638)
Salamov GG, Belyaeva VV, Pokrovsky VV;;; Russian Federal AIDS Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the inluence of patient counselling on their adherence to HAART. METHODS: The results of 90 HIV positive patients on HAART were studied (67 male and 23 female). Mean patient age 25.6 years. All patients received three ant-retroviral medications in different combinatio


Supportive care and its impact on the quality of life and adherence to treatment regimens in patients with HIV infection.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10639)
Masiira DM, Kabuye GK;;; Joint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda
ISSUES: We have demonstrated that the impact of supportive care on the quality of life in patients with HIV/AIDS, has led to better adherence to treatment regimens, less severity of symptoms of opportunistic infections, and as a result, shorter stay in hospital. Success has been mainly due to involvement of family and


Gaining acceptance of target community- one of the biggest challenges of a doctor working in an STD/HIV intervention program among the sex workers.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10640)
Mukhopadhyay S;;; Sonagachi Project., Kolkata, India
Issues- From personal experience as a doctor I can say, an STD/HIV intervention Program won t be a success unless or until its healthcare providing team, specially the doctor who remains in the core of the team fails to gain acceptance of SWs community. Description- A professinally sound doctor defintely gets edge over


Testing innovative quality improvement (QI) methods for HIV care in 10,000 patients (pts) in the US: The HRSA/IHI HIV Collaborative.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10641)
Sherer R, O'Neill J, Barini-Garcia M, Bass P, Becker S, Boushon B, Chang S, Cohen M, Daniels R, Kabcenell A, Langley J, Zorilla C;;; CORE Center, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, United States
BACKGROUND: Optimal methods to improve HIV care are unknown. METHODS: We tested a novel QI method (Berwick, www.IHI.org) in 10,000 pts in 87 US HIV clinics (sites) for 12 mos, and, in 45 sites, for 18 mos. 30% of sites were small and new to HIV care; 30% were large and urban. Faculty set key outcome measures. Sites set


Quality of care in HIV/AIDS health services in Brazil: a focus group approach.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10642)
Donini AA, Tunala LG, Castanheira ER, Melchior R, Basso CR, Britto e Alves MT, Nemes MI;;; QualiAids Group-Medicine Preventive Department-U. of Sao Paulo Medical School/Clinical Psychology Department-PUC of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: This study is a part of an evaluation of quality of care being carried out for the Brazilian National HIV/AIDS Program. Our objective was to identify priority factors determining quality of care based on clients and doctors perceptions of service delivery. The results of this formative research were used to


Quality of care in STD/AIDS health services in Sao Paulo, Brazil: a qualitative framework.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10643)
Castanheira ER, Nemes MI, Melchior R, Donini AA, Basso CR, Tunala LG, Britto e Alves MT;;; QualiAids Group-Public Health Department-U. of Sao Paulo State Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
BACKGROUND: In 1999, an evaluation on HAAART adherence in 27 health services in Sao Paulo State, Brazil showed that the health provided care is the main factor related to the adherence. This conclusion was the basis of this study now focused on quality of care. METHODS: interviews with the managers, observation of work


Counselling in India: A unique challenge in a fragmented and cross cultural context.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10644)
Ezeckiel JC;;; Institution, Bangalore, India
ISSUES: India with its pluralistic context, complexities faces yet another challenge, a struggle to cope with HIV/AIDS in a cross-cultural context. Exile and migration is becoming a common feature when dealing with infected and affected individuals. Hence denial, discrimination and stigmatization rule the HIV/AIDS scen


Thalidomide In HIV related oral aphthouses.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10645)
Kulkarni V, Saple DG, Jujar S, Vaidya SB;;; HIV Referral Center, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND: Oral aphthous is one of the common presentations of HIV/AIDS and is notorious for unbearable agony for the patient. One of the known therapeutic modalities is systemic steroids, which, in HIV/AIDS has the drawback of further immune suppression. Consequently alternative treatment options need to be explored.


Inter departmental collaboration for effective and reproductive health services - The Mumbai experience.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10646)
Karande AS, Ubale UV, Khandekar SV;;; Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, Mumbai, India
ISSUES: Various projects were initiated in last few years in Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC), based on emerging health needs. It was felt that there is a need to streamline these efforts to avoid replication. The Public Health Department of BMC geared itself for transition by encouraging interdepartmetal coord


Nervous breakdown, a means to struggle against the death risk for persons infected by HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10647)
Serhani B, Damme KV, Lessenne L, Ajana F, Mouton Y;;; Department of Infectious Diseases, CH Tourcoing, Tourcoing, France
This research work constitutes an approach based on a group of twenty HIV infected patients along their therapeutic process. BACKGROUND: We study psychical processes in nervous Breakdown. METHOD: The clinical material that was obtained after a series of psychoterapeutic interviews was dealt with in three ways: A first


Perspectives from HIV/AIDS patients regarding euthanasia.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10648)
Vyras P, Chatsidi E, Stavrakaki E, Serafeimidou K, Matziris I, Gryllionakis A, Brimis D, Papadopoulos G, Papadopoulos N;;; Venizeleion Hospital, Herakleion, Greece
BACKGROUND: Findings from a study conducted in the European Union (EU) about care in HIV/AIDS indicate that infected persons are increasingly concerned with the issue of euthanasia. Their view is examined in the light of available options regarding end-of-life decisions. METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive survey of a


Risky behaviors and patient satisfaction with care among women with HIV/AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10649)
Urwin S, Burke J, Cohen MH, Cook JA, Hessol N, Piessens EA, Richardson J, Wilson TE, Zingman B;;; CORE Center, Chicago, United States
BACKGROUND: In addition to medical interventions, patient behaviors play a crucial role in the treatment of women with HIV disease. Research has shown that patient satisfaction predicts treatment utilization and adherence. Less is known about the relationship between satisfaction with care and risk behaviors that could


Incidence rate of lipid abnormalities in patients on their first Hoghly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10650)
Arrizabalaga J, Rodriguez J, von Wichmann MA, Iribarren JA, Rodriguez FJ, Camino X, Jimeno B;;; San Sebastian, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence rate of cholesterol (Chol) and triglycerides (TG) increases in HIV positive patients who are on their first HAART METHODS: All antiretroviral naive patients who began HAART from 01/01/1998 were included. HAART must contain ZDV or D4T associated to


Investigation of adverce reactions of treatment with Rose Oil by immune monitoring of patients with chronic active Cholecystitis.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10651)
Neshev G, Stefanova G, Naumova E, Michailova A, Nesheva I;;; Medical Faculty, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Sofia, Bulgaria
The effect of Bulgarian rose oil (preparation Rosanol) on the cellular and humoral immune response was studied in 15 patients with cronic active cholecystitis. The preparation was given oraly, 20 days, 3 time daily, 15-20 min before eating. Blood probes for analysis were taken before and after the treatment. TB and NK


Clinical care of HIV/AIDS - Resource poor rural medical college study.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10652)
Manoharan G, Shanmugasundaram R, Girija G;;; Perundurai Medical College, Perundurai, India
BACKGROUND: HIV infection is increasing through out India . Our hospital also experienced a steady invrease in HIV cases over the past 7 years. METHODS: Perundurai Medical College Hospitel situated in a rural area started an AIDS ward in the year 1994. A retrospective analyses of 1692 inpatients out of 8736 out patient


Decline in the rate of genotypic resistance to antiretroviral drugs in HIV seroconvertors in Spain.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10653)
de Mendoza C, del Romero J, Rodriguez C, Corral A, Soriano V;;; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: Resistance to antiretroviral drugs represents one of the major obstacles for the success of HIV therapy. Viruses carrying drug-resistant mutations can be transmitted, compromising the chances of response in newly infected individuals. METHODS: Primary mutations associated with drug resistance (IAS update 20


High mortality rate among AIDS patient hospitalised at a central african rural area.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10654)
Bafende AE, Meli SP;;; IME/Kimpese's Hospital, Congo
OBJECTIVE: to determine the mortality rate among AIDS patient hospitalised in a rural hospital of south-west of Congo democratic republic. METHODS:from january 1st to december 31st 2001,the registration book of internal medecine department of IME/Kimpese hospital were checked. The diagnosis of patient was made by the m


Integrated management of HIV positive individuals in a leprosy &TB out-patient research centre.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10655)
Suneetha S, Suneetha LM, Reddy R, Jain S;;; Blue Peter Research Center, Hyderabad, India
LEPRA India is a Non Governmental Charity, which has the main focus on leprosy elimination for over a decade. In January 2000 LEPRA established a clinical and basic research centre for Leprosy, TB and HIV in Hyderabad in the State of AP, which has the second highest prevalence in India. An integration of HIV clinical


Home based care in HIV/AIDS the Indian experience.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10656)
Waran M;;; The Salvation Army Evangeline Booth Hospital, Maharashtra, India
BACKGROUND: Every year throughout the world and particularly in Asia an increasing number of people are infected by the HIV? AIDS pandemic, either directly or through someone they care for. Much of the care of those with AIDS occurs at home. OBJECTIVES: We studied the effectiveness of home based care whereby care in th


Rantes production by activated lymphocytes from HIV-1 infected individulas is related to the viral load.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10657)
Lozano JM, Gonzalez R, Caballos R, Galiani D, Garcia-Moreno J, Tarazona R, Molina IJ, Kindelan JM, Vidal E, Duenas G, Santamaria M;;; Servicio de Inmunologia. Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
It is known that HIV-1+ individuals do not restore completely the immune function after highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART). Results obtained by different groups suggest that IL-2 therapy associated with HAART facilitates the recovery on the immune system. A relevant area of current research is to ascertain


Inexpensive cd4 lymphocyte subset estimation by dual platform (dp) cd45 assisted panleucogating method using afford monoclonal antibodies.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. B10658)
Tugume SB, Otim TW, Atwiine D, Okiror J, Kityo C, Mugyenyi PN, Janossy G;;; Joint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: CD4/CD8 lymphocyte subset estimations are useful surrogate markers in the HIV/AIDS management / treatment. In resource poor settings, where Viral Load PCR is out of reach for most patients, inexpensive (affordable) methods are required for estimating CD4/CD8 T cell counts for patient management. Nevertheles
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