15th International AIDS Conference

Bangkok, Thailand — July 11-16, 2004

Cite as: Int Conf AIDS. 2004 Jul 11-16;15:Abstract No. xx

Track A - Table of Contents
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Late-Breakers
Track A Track B Track C Track D Track E

LIMITS OF TEACHER DELIVERED SEX EDUCATION: INTERIM BEHAVIOURAL OUT COMES FROM RANDOMIZED TRIAL: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10005); Matovu M; Compared with conventional sex education this specially designed intervention didn't reduce sexual risk taking in adolescents.
PRODUCTION OF IL-8 BY PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10010); Seraokaya TI; The level of LPS-induced production of cytokines in vitro could reflect the functional state of PBMCs in vivo. If so, this enriches our knowledge about contribution of IL-8 to some of the clinical manifestations that occur during AIDS. Also, the study of IL-8 production in complex with other serological markers could help to elaborate new criteria of HIV-infection prognosis and criteria for control of specific antiretroviral therapy.
The impact of boosting therapy on cellular immune response and viral load.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10015); Edeh LC, Ekeh JO; Studying the cellular immune response and viral load in HIV-infected patients, when the boosting therapy with 2 protease inhibitors is introduced. Methods: Since 1996, 12 adult patients are still being treated in the Capital Clinic, Wuse, Abuja, Nigeria from which 9 in the C3 st
Detection of TT Virus and analyses of partial TTV-DNA sequences in IVDUs infected with HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10020); Zhu B, Wu NP, Liu KZ, Chen YG, Chen Z;;;; The institue of infectious disease, the 1st hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Objective to study the TTV infection rate in IVDUs infected with HIV and the mutation of partial TTV-DNA sequences. Methods: TTV-DNA were detected in 35 HIV positive, 64 HIV negative IVDUs and 45 normal blood donors by nested-PCR. The partial genes of TTV-DNA fragments amplified from two HIV positive IVDUs
The Difference of HBV /HCV coinfection between HIV infection transmitted by sexual and by blood.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10025); Zhu B, Chen YG, Wu NP, Chen Z;;;; The institue of infectious disease ,the 1st hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; To study the co-infection of HBV and HCV in HIV-infected patients transmitted by blood and sexual intercourse. Methods: HBV marker and anti-HCV were detected by ELISA in 49 HIV-infected homosexuals from Germany and 62 Chinese patients infected by blood.
Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) for ritonavir oral solution.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10030); Arunothayanun P, Pirayavaraporn C, Watnasirichaikul S, Eksaengsri A;;;; Research and Development Institute, Government Pharmaceutical Organization, Bangkok, Thailand; To develop a clear ritonavir oral solution which can self-emulsify on diluting with water. The effects of each constituent contained in a self-emulsifying drug delivery system were studied. Methods: The self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) were developed for preparing of a clear ritonavir oral sol
Integrated care taking of orphans and vulnerable children to HIV/AIDS(OVC).: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10040); Kodjo AK;;;; Jeunes du Monde Vivons Ensemble(JMVE), Lome, Togo; Non implication of authorities. Children without medical care assistance. Children victim of trafficking and exploitation. Non-implication of social service in the care taking of orphans and vulnerable children to HIV/AIDS. the stigmatisation and discrimination of orphans and vulnerable children to HIV/AIDS are
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) load in the course of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10045); Benetucci J, Fellner MD, Durand K, Correa RM, Alonio LV, Teyssie AR, Redini L, Yampolsky C, Sevlever A, Zala N, Picconi MA;;;; Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS 'Dr. Carlos G. Malbran', Buenos Aires, Argentina; EBV reactivation is frequent in immunosuppressed patients with a subsequent more susceptibility to develop lymphoproliferations. In transplant recipients a relationship between high EBV load and lymphoma developement has been established. We aimed to study the EBV load during HIV infection and its relations
Gennotypic drug-resistance testing in early HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10050); Prempeh Agyemang PA;;;; Y.W.C.A., Kumasi, Ghana; To measure the prevalence of mutations associated with the reverse transcriptase(RT) and protease gene in patients with recently acquired HIV infection. Method: Patient whose first positive HIV-1 and body test was after january1995 were identified from the Brigton HIV clinic database. Patient were included i
Muslims response to HIV/AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10055); Abdulsalam AA;;;; Muslim Action Against AIDS, Ipaja LAgos, Nigeria; Most Muslim scholars believe that providing adequate Islamic knowledge is the most effective way of halting the alarming rate of spread of HIV/AIDS. It is a known fact that we are losing the battle against the dreadful disease and it is a collective fight. The old method of HIV/AIDS prevention is A B + C while
HIV vaccine literacy in the developing world: Experiences from Kenya.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10060); Ndinya-Achola JO, Anzala AO, Mbori-Ngacha D, Nduati R, Ngugi EN, Jaoko WG, Bwayo JJ;;;; University of Nairobi/KAVI, Nairobi, Kenya; HIV vaccine clinical trials are still relatively new concepts in sub-Saharan Africa which is also the worst-affected region in the world. Stigma, lack of relevant information, mistrust by professionals as well as policy makers and misconception that HIV vaccines offer a cure for AIDS all combine to make the pro
The use of viral peptides as a quality control for ELISPOT assays in HIV-1 vaccine trials in Kenya.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10065); Farah BM, Ogola S, Indangasi J, Oyaro M, Anzala O, Omosa-Manyonyi G, Jaoko W, Gillmour J, Bwayo J;;;; Kavi, Nairobi, Kenya; ELISPOT assay has been used both for answering basic research questions and for immunogenicity assessments of HIV-1 vaccine candidates in clinical trials. As progress is made towards developing a safe and effective HIV vaccine, there must be an assay that is robust and sensitive and the ELISPOT is one such
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF GAMMA INTERFERON ELISPOT ASSAY FOR HIV-1 VACCINE TRIALS IN KENYA.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10070); Farah BM, Ogola S, Anzala O, Indangasi J, Tarragona A, Gibiansky L, Bwayo J; Results of the validation procedure confirmed excellent concordance in the ability to detect positive responses in cryopreserved and freshly isolated PBMCS. Variability inherent in the methodology is acceptably low and that reproducibility among operators is high.
Validation of cytokine flow cytometry for measurement of immunogenicity in phase I/II clinical trials of HIV vaccines.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10075); Gill D, Hayes P, Gilmour J;;;; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Cytokine flow cytometry (CFC) is used to assess immunogenicity in HIV vaccine clinical trials. Assays are influenced by cell treatment, culture conditions and inter-operator variability. These factors should be characterised to increase assay reliability, for submission of data to regulatory authorities for
Hepatitis C and progression of HIV disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10080); Carmo RA, Rocha MO, Guimaraes MD, Moura AS, Neiva AM, Versiani JB, Lima LV, Freitas LP, Fonseca MM, Silva AM, Ribeiro CV, Soares VS, Oliveira JG;;;; CTR Orestes Diniz-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG., Brazil; HCV has emerged as a major pathogen among patients with HIV. Methods: To analyse the relationship between HCV infection and HIV disease progression, death caused by AIDS, and the response to HAART, a historical cohort study was carried out in Belo Horizonte, Brazil . Eight hundred twenty four HIV-infected p
Genotypic analysis of the drug-resistance related point mutations in the pol-gene of HIV-I.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10085); Arora SK, Sachdeva N, Sehgal S, Datta U;;;; PGIMER, Chandigarh, India; There are estimated 42 million cases of HIV worldwide as per WHO and with India contributing approximately 4.52 million cases. The infection is going un-abated in under-developed world due to limited access of the drugs to the infected population. With the gradual decrease in the cost of the anti-retroviral
Distribution of the CCR5 gene 32-base pair deletion in Russian intravenous drug users.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10090); Lioznov D, Zhevnerova N, Nikolaenko S, Antonova T, Belyaeva T;;;; Pavlov State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; A 32-basepair deletion polymorphism in the a-chemokine receptor gene CCR5 (CCR5Delta32) has been identified and shown to have functional significance in determining susceptibility to infection by HIV-1 and possibly in influencing disease progression in HIV-1 positive individuals. This study was carried out
Prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections in a rural community of Dandeli, India.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10095); Patil CS, Nagamoti MB;;;; J N Medical College, Belgaum, India; HIV has come out with a varied manifestation affecting the young adults in India . It mainly gets transmitted heterosexually. The attitude of the person towards the sex is the main cause. Therefore the sexual behavior & occurrence of HIV are related to each other. This has been tested in the urban / sem
Taking care of affected and infected servant with HIV /AIDS in Lome.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10100); Yawo Y;;;; Action Population Plus, Lome, Togo; In Togo two third of married couples call for the help of servants. These servants are unschooling young girls and most of them come from deprived rural areas and they are often victims of any kinds of exploitations and social injustices: Long day s work, Pathetic remuneration, Rape,ill-treatment, sexual abuse.
Phase 2 placebo-controlled trial of V-1 immunitor as a therapeutic modality.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10105); Bourinbaiar AS, Jirathitikal V, Metadilogkul O;;;; Immunitor Corp., Co., Ltd., Chachoengsao , Thailand; V-1 Immunitor (V1) is an oral AIDS vaccine containing heat- and chemically-inactivated viral antigens derived from pooled blood of HIV-positive donors. V1 has a pending status as an investigational drug but is currently marketed as a dietary supplement. Earlier published, uncontrolled studies of V1 demonstr
Follow up of HIV/AIDS patients in the ATC (Access to Care) program in lower southern Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10110); Paiboonsin N, Thaijaareon N, Apakupakul N, Sathirapanya C;;;; Office of Disease Prevention Control ceter 12, Songkhla, Thailand; The CD4 count and weight gain were the best indicators for measuring improvement after using the antiviral drugs in this program. This study aimed to assess the level of compliance of these patients in taking their antiviral drugs, and what, if any, complications were found. Methods: A study of HIV/AIDS pat
Construction of novel rBCG based 'HIV-1 epitope delivery system'.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10115); Aravindhan V, Gautham N, Prasad V, Narayanan PR, Narayanan S;;;; Tuberculosis Research Centre (ICMR), Chennai, India; AIDS vaccine is a global emergency. Intense efforts are under way to identify protective epitopes and novel delivery vehicles. Grafting an epitope from an immune unfriendly environment to an immune friendly environment forms the basic of epitope grafting . In this respect the present project aims at constru
Care for minor girl prostitutes in Togo.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10120); Tsolenyanu T;;;; Tocahso, Lome, Togo; The long socio political crise Togo had known, and the disastrous consequences of AIDS, have created: misery, the dislocation of families, many Aids orphans and other vulnerable children have become heads of families and take care of their young brothers and sisters, minor girl leave villages for city to look f
HIV directly impairs cytotoxic T cell function.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10125); Kitchen SG, Jones NR, LaForge S, Whitmire JK, Vu BA, Galic Z, Brooks DG, Kitchen CM, Zack JA;;;; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, United States; During the course of HIV infection, CD8[+] cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses are unable to fully suppress viral replication. It is not clear how this occurs or whether HIV has a direct effect on CTL function. HIV proviral DNA is present in CD8[+] T cells in vivo, however the consequences of HIV infecti
Positional isomerism confers anti-HIV activity of some 4-hydroxycoumarine (4-hc) derivatives in cells culture.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10130); Argirova R, Manolov I, Mladenova Z, Raleva S, Froloshka L, Savov A, Dundarova D;;;; Fac. of Pharmacy, Med. Uni., Sofia, Bulgaria; Recently, a new class of integrase (IN) inhibitors has been an object of thorough study. Among them coumarine-based IN inhibitors with promising activity were found (Zhao, H. et al., 1997). It seemed perspectively to look for anti-HIV activity of newly synthesized or known 4-hydroxycoumarin (4-hc) derivativ
P-glycoprotein function on CD4+ T-cells has no effect on the intracellular HIV-1 RNA load in HIV-1 infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10135); Prins JM, Sankatsing SU, Cornelissen M, Kloosterboer N, Crommentuyn K, Jurriaans S, Huitema A, Beijnen J, Lange JM, Schuitemaker H;;;; International Antiviral Therapy Evaluation Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; The drug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) can counteract uptake of protease inhibitors (PIs) from the gut and reduces intracellular accumulation of PIs, which could limit antiretroviral effect of a PI containing regimen for HIV-1. However, P-gp expression on T cells can reduce HIV-1 replication. Here we st
Small-molecules targeting gp120 V1/V2 and V3 loops.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10140); Rojo DR, Davey R, O'Brien WA, Ferguson MR;;;; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston TX, United States; Limitations of combination antiretroviral therapy with FDA-approved drugs mandate development of compounds directed at new targets, such as the HIV-1 envelope protein. Subunit gp120 of the envelope protein contains the determinants for interaction with CD4 and a chemokine receptor (co-receptor). Of the five variable do
Evolution of HIV-1 coreceptor usage during antiretroviral therapy: a Bayesian approach.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10145); Kitchen CM, Philpott S, Burger H, Weiser B, Anastos K, Suchard MA;;;; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; The rapid evolution of HIV-1 has complicated efforts to treat and prevent infection. There is substantial evidence for the on-going replication of HIV-1 in various compartments, even in individuals receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Viral evolution in the presence of antiviral therapy n
Breadth and persistence of cross-reactive T-cell responses in HIV CRF01_AE or B-infected injection drug users (IDUs).: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10150); McNicholl JM, Thielen C, Promadej-Lanier N, Chaowanachan T, Vanichseni S, Choopanya K, Young N, Martin M, Mastro TD, Tappero J, Hu DJ;;;; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States; Cross-reactive T cell responses may provide protection from HIV infection or superinfection and are thus important to consider for HIV vaccine design. Two HIV-1 subtypes, CRF01_AE (E) and B, accounted for all incident infections, including two cases of inter-subtype superinfection, in a prospective cohort s
The risks of HIV/AIDS transmission by traditional birth attendances practices in villages.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10155); Akutse A;;;; Jeunes du Monde Vivone Ensemble (JMVE), Lome, Togo; Issues:-Lack of health centres and isolation of villages. Hight cost of birth attendance for women in rural areas Lack of training, capacity building and qualifications for traditional birth attendants. Traditional birth attendants haven t been trained on mother to child transmission program. Pregnant women don t benef
Construction of candidate vaccines against HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10160); Babkina IN, Pozdnyakov SG, Ryazankin IA, Babkin IV, Shchelkunov SN;;;; SRC VB Vector, Koltsovo, Russian Federation; The absence of effective anti-HIV vaccines and a rapid growth of HIV cases in both Russia and the world require new approaches to development of new generation efficient vaccines against HIV infection. The goal of this project is to design anti-HIV DNA vaccines and vaccines involving recombinant vaccinia viruses. Such
Osteonecrosis and HIV: report of a case.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10165); Ostuni Rocca MC, Vilda MC, Agugliaro RH, Iussig M, Dellabianca G, Lemos S;;;; Hospital Zubizarreta, Bs. As., Argentina; It seems that osteopathy is a raising entity in HIV population since 1990. In non-HIV patients, osteonecrosis is related to collagen diseases, smoking, gout, and cancer. These entities could take part in HIV population too, but there are other risks factors postulated: protease-inhibitor thrapy, treatment w
Primary and tertiary structure prediction of EIAV attenuated vaccine and the suggestions for HIV vaccine design.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10170); Li HG, Zhang XY, Shao YM;;;; Chinese National Center for HIV/STD prevention and control, Beijing, China; Equine Infectious Anemia virus (EIAV), like HIV, belongs to the Lentivirus genus, they are similar not only in morphology, genomic structure, and antigenicity, but also in its replicative and infectious characteristics. In the 1970s, Chinese scientists successfully developed a donkey leukocyte adapted atten
Cutaneous manifestations in HIV positive patients with a CD4+ count of less than 100.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10175); Kavina BK, Warman A, Dhawan S, Rao MV, Billimoria FE;;;; Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, India; Cutaneous manifestations are the most common features in HIV positive patients. In many cases the skin findings helps to detect earliest sign of HIV disease. Depending on the degree of immunosuppression and the nature of the lesions, there is a variation in the spectrum of CD4 counts. The main objective of
Human Leukocyte Antigen- associated susceptibility to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10180); Eglite E, Kovalchuk L, Sochnevs A, Viksna L, Rozentale B, Sture G;;;; RSU Institute of Immunology, Riga, Latvia; The aim of this study conducted to look for an association between HLA classes II DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 locus in predisposition or progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). During an infection, binding of peptides from the infectious pathogens to HLA proteins is the first step for the initiat
Maternal and infant CD4 and CD8 T cell responses across the genome of HIV-1 subtype C in South Africa.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10185); Tiemessen CT, Shalekoff S, Meddows-Taylor S, Bendezi N, Lalsab S, Anthony F, Gray GE, Kuhn L;;;; Aids Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa; Background. Little is known about the spectrum of HIV-specific immune responses in HIV exposed-uninfected infants. This study was therefore undertaken to assess T cell immune reactivity across the HIV genome of HIV exposed-uninfected infants and their mothers. Methods. Heparinized whole blood samples obtained from12 HI
Clinical stage of disease in 100 newly diagnosed patients with HIV-1 in phnom penh, Cambodia.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10190); Kong Bun N, Harwell JI, Prem Prey S, Pugatch D, Sovanna P, Ruffner KV;;;; Danish Red Cross, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; The HIV-1 epidemic in Cambodia involves 2.6% of the adult population. Little data are published regarding the spectrum of HIV-1 complications in this setting. Methods: A prospective survey of signs, symptoms, and diagnoses of 100 patients with newly diagnosed HIV-1 in Phnom Penh. From November 2001 to Septe
Neutralization Activity in Plasma From HAART: Comparison of "Successfully" and "Unsuccessfully" Treated Patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10195); Ouverney EP, Grinsztejn B, Pilotto JH, Morgado MG, Bongertz V;;;; AIDS and Molecular Lab, IOC, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; The development and implementation, in 1995, of the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), has revolutionized the treatment against Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, and is associated with dramatic decreases in HIV related mortality. Due to the numerous mutations of the virus and the lack
Development of Novel Test-System for Simultaneous Detection of del32 and m303 Mutations in CCR5 Gene Coding HIV-1 Entry Coreceptor.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10200); Apryatin S, Nikolaeva I, Rakhmanaliev E, Sulimova G, Ruban S, Sizyakina L, Sidorovich I;;;; Institute of Immunology RF Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation; The human gene for CCR5 chemokine receptor affects susceptibility to HIV infection. The mutations del32 and m303 in a homozygous provide complete resistance to HIV sexual transmission. The cases of resistance to HIV infection in the absence homozygous genotype were shown; some of them could be explained by
Cervical cytology in 100 HIV positive women.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10205); Bagga R, Wanchu A, Rajwanshi A, Prasad GR, Gopalan S;;;; Dept. of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, PGIMER , Chandigarh, India; Dysplasias on Pap smear have been reported in 15-40% of HIV positive women. These rates are 10-11 times greater than those observed among HIV negative women. Both the Center for Disease Control & Prevention, and the Agency for Health care Policy & Research recommend that HIV -infected women have a g
HIV Epidemic Profile in Russia and Preparing for Clinical Trials of the First Russian HIV Vaccine "VICHREPOL".: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10210); Nikolaeva I, Korobova S, Chevalier A, Ignatjeva G, Karamov E, Kornilaeva G, Pavlova T, Vorobjova M, Savinova I, Nekrasov A, Ivanova A, Gudima G, Khaitov R, Sidorovich I;;;; Institute of Immunology, RF Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation; In Russia , >89 % of >250 000 documented cases of HIV infection caused by IDU. This should be taken in account when domestic trials cohorts are sought. First Russian candidate anti HIV vaccine VICHREPOL based on recombinant protein rec(24-41) (HIV1 p24 + fragment of gp41), conjugated with novel potent safe
Contrasting frequencies of Gamma32-CCR5 and CCR2-V64I alleles in the Tunisian population.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10215); Barbouche MR, Hong L, Dellagi K, Kostrikis LG;;;; Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; The human chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is the major co-receptor on CD4+ cells for HIV-1. The absence of CCR5 expression in approximately 2% of the caucasian population is due to homozygosity for a 32-nucleotide deletion in the coding region (Gamma32-CCR5) and protects efficiently against HIV-1 transmission. A conservati
High level of cell mortality associated to in vitro HIV-1 different strain superinfection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10220); Fernandez Larrosa PN, Mersich S, Coulombie F, Ceballos A, Rabinovich R, Martinez Peralta LA;;;; Centro Nacional de Referencia para el SIDA, Capital Federal, Argentina; Viral production of HIV-1 is normally high in vivo and different viral variants accumulate over the time causing the necessary conditions for superinfection. Recently, several cases of superinfected patients have been reported and superinfection was suggested to be associated to a rapid AIDS progression. Ot
Innate immunity restoration in patients with HIV/AIDS infection associated with antiretroviral therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10225); Raby P, Afani A, Puente J, Lanza P, Sepulveda C, Miranda D, Jiusan L;;;; University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile; Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV/AIDS infection induces an important reduction of the viral load (VL) and an immune system reconstitution. CD4+ T lymphocytes count is the immunological measurement commonly used for the following in HIV/AIDS patients. Our aim is to study the restoration of
Combination of inhibitors of lymphocyte activation (Hydroxyurea, Trimidox and Didox) and reverse transcriptase (Abacavir, Didanosine and Tenofovir) suppresses development of murine retrovirus-induced lymphoproliferative disease.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10230); Gallicchio VS, Mayhew CN, Sumpter LN, Inayat MS, Cibull ML, Elford HL;;;; University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States; To ascertain novel drugs that inhibit ribonucleotide reductase (RRI)[didox (DX) and trimidox (TX)] compared to hydroxyurea (HU) will enhance antiviral activity of NRTIs ( abacavir , ddI and tenofovir ) when tested in murine retrovirus-induced lymphopro
Clinical evaluation of oral manifestations of HIV infection in relation to the CD4+ cell count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10235); Butt FM, Chindia ML, Vaghela VP;;;; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; Background : The relationship between oral lesions arising from HIV infection and CD4+/CD8+ cell count is indeed a subject of particular interest to oral health care clinicians. The main objective of the study was to correlate the prevalence of oral manifestations arising from HIV infection and the levels of CD4+ cell
Alcohol-free self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) for ritonavir.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10240); Watnasirichaikul S, Arunothayanun P, Pirayavaraporn C, Eksaengsri A;;;; Research and Development Institute, Government Pharmaceutical Organization, Bangkok, Thailand; In order to develop a clear ritonavir solution readily for filling in gelatin capsules, water and alcohol, which may help dissolving ritonavir but cause capsule deformation, are preferably avoided from the formulation. The solubility of ritonavir in suitable non-aqueous systems was studied and the obtained
HIV-1 subtypes circulate in South India.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10245); Viswanath R, Mini Jacob S, Samuel NM;;;; TN.Dr.MGR Medical University, Chennai, India; HIV-1 Genetic variability is commonly seen with the increase of epidemic. HIV infection rate in India is 0.8%. Earlier reports suggest that as the epidemic increases there is a possibility of circulation of new subtypes. In this study, we determined the subtype of HIV-1 infected women and her partner at a h
Immune activation markers in HIV-1 infected patients in India.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10250); Kanswal S, Vajpayee M, Seth P;;;; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; The dynamic interaction between HIV and the host immune response leads to an altered expression of lymphocyte surface antigens, which reflect various aspects of immune pathology. Activation occurs early and persists throughout causing a progressive breakdown of immunity. We designed this pilot study to inve
Vpu channel blockers inhibit in vitro HIV-1 replication.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10255); Ewart GD, Nasr N, Naif H, Cox GB, Cunningham AL, Gage PW;;;; Biotron Limited, Canberra, Australia; Newly assembled HIV-1 virions emerge from the plasma membrane of infected cells by a process known as budding that involves co-ordinated interactions between viral and cellular components. Budding is fundamental to HIV-1 replication and the proteins involved in this process represent potential targets for novel anti-vi
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte cross reactions of chinese HIV/AIDS patients to HXB2 gag and nef peptide pools.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10260); li TS, Zhang HW, Qiu ZF, Han Y, Wang AX;;;; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; HIV-1 C and B subsets are the prodimonant HIV-1 strainis in China , and the cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses (CTL) in Chinese HIV/AIDS patients is unclear. HXB2 is one of the predominant isolates HIV-1 strain in Europe and America but it is not known whether it can induce a significance CTL in Chinese HIV/A
A novel synthesis of metalorganic complexes of warfarin (1) and 3,3'-benzylidenebis[4-hydroxycoumarin] (4) and their anti-HIV activity in cell culture (Preliminary report).: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10265); Raleva S, Kostova I, Mladenova Z, Froloshka L, Dundarova D, Argirova R;;;; Fac. of Pharmacy, Med. Uni., Sofia, Bulgaria; Most of recently reported coumarins with integrase activity showed potent inhibition using isolated enzyme in biochemical assays but this activity has not been proved as antiviral activity in cell culture. Further, the metalorganic complexes of coumarin derivatives with lanthanides showed promising biologic
Enhanced HIV-specific immune responses in chronically HIV-infected patients receiving didanosine (ddI) plus hydroxyurea.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10270); Lopez M, Soriano V, Lozano S, Ballesteros C, Barreiro P, Martinez P, Gonzalez-Lahoz J, Benito JM;;;; Hospital carlos III, Madrid, Spain; The role of the cytostatic agent hydroxyurea (HU) in the treatment of HIV infection remains controversial. Previous studies have suggested that HU might exert immunomodulatory effects. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of simplification therapy with didanosine (
Challenges and approach to conducting HIV vaccine trial in the community.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10275); pitisuttithum PP;;;; university, bangkok, Thailand; Good Clinical Practice, highest standard of treatment and care and ethics in conducting clinical trials, are major concerns especially when a trial is conducted in developing countries. To meet these requirements, there are many challenges in various stages as the trial goes along which include development of c
Study of interleukin-12 producing dendritic cells in HIV infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10280); Klangsinsirikul P, Dettrairat S, Promchim C;;;; Department of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells that are critical for the initiation of primary and secondary immune responses. One of the most important cytokines produced by DCs is interleukin-12 (IL-12) which plays a major role in HIV specific cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response. Disruption of norm
CRF01_AE (subtype E) Gag specific T-lymphocyte responses in untreated HIV-infected and exposed but uninfected Thais.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10285); Sriwanthana B, Jitjuk B, Wichukchinda N, Rojanawiwat A, Tanaka M, Pathipvanich P, Ariyoshi K, Sawanpanyalert P;;;; National Institute of Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand; Background : Identification of HIV-1 Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes is essential for the design and evaluation of candidate HIV preventive/therapeutic vaccines in Thailand , where host genetic backgrounds and strains of circulating HIV-1 are different from those in other parts of the world. Methods : Fifty untre
Analysis of cytotoxic T-cell subsets in three groups of HIV-1+ patients with different response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10290); Magaev S, Nikolova M, Michova A, Shahov B, Beshkov D, Yankova M, Kostov K, Taskov H;;;; Central Laboratory of Immunology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria; Background : Cellular immune responses play a major role in protective immunity to HIV infection. Our aim was to compare the reconstitution pattern of minor CD8 T subsets defined by CD28 and CD57 expression in HIV-1+ patients with different responses to HAART. Methods : 56 treatment-naive HIV-1+ patients receiving HAAR
Role of caspase 1 and caspase 8 in HIV infected patients with and without tuberculosis.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10295); Gupta S, Wanchu A, Bhatnagar A, Kumar B, Bambery P, Singh S;;;; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India; Apoptosis is a significant cause of CD4+ T cell death in HIV infection. Caspase 8 is involved in apoptosis mediated by Fas and p55 tumor necrosis factor receptor ligation. Apoptosis is also partially mediated by interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (caspase-1). In this study we determined if apoptosis, as re
A major milk cytokine TGF-[beta down-regulates HIV-1 LTR in mammary epithelial cells.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10300); Moriuchi H, Moriuchi M;;;; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; It has been shown that mammary epithelial cells can be productively infected with HIV-1; however, its relevance to mother-to-child transmission of this virus remains unknown. Breast milk contains a number of soluble factors, some of which have various influence on HIV-1 infection. This study investigated ef
Community based intervention in Ogoni land, Rivers state Nigeria.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10305); Irene PI;;;; n.g.o, Portharcourt, Nigeria; For young persons in rural ogoni villages in Nigeria , playing safe is a major chanllenge. Emerging from a background wrought with conflict, restitiveness and a high prevalence rate of HIV/AIDS, and without adequate information and awareness on the dangers of HIV/AIDS. Ogoni Youth Development Proje
Community care of pregnant women living with HIV and prevention of HIV/AIDS mother- to- child transmission.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10310); Tekou T;;;; Association of maternal and neo natal health, Lome, Togo; Issues. The analysis of the insufficiencies of the pilote project of followship and care to pregnant women living with HIV / AIDS initiated in the Zio region ( Togo ) by UNICEF, led to the elaboration in of the integrated communication project for a better care of pregnant women living with HIV in their communities and
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha and cardiac function in HIV patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10315); Mittal CM, Wig N, Anupama P, Mishra S, Singh S;;;; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tumour necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-ialpha) levels have known to be elevated in HIV infection as also in dilated cardiomyopathy. HIV infection is also associated with abnormal cardiac functional status. We conducted this study to find if TNF-ialpha levels correlate with cardiac function in HIV infected indiv
Cell cycle perturbation of circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV-1-infected subjects.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10320); Kallas EG, Chaves MM;;;; Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; One of the hallmarks of HIV infection is the progressive peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocyte loss. One of the possible explanations for this phenomenon is the process of apoptosis, as suggested by several studies, which also may exert an effect on the cell cycle normal distribution. The present study was con
Innate immunity against HIV in normal controls.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10325); Schwartz DH, Iyengar S, Finny JG, Shanmugam A;;;; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States; Innate immunity against HIV has not been extensively studied using PMBCs from normal, unexposed, uninfected individuals. This innate immunity may explain, in part, the low rate of infection per exposure among newly exposed, and may set the stage for persistenty exposed uninfected individuals. It may also he
Relationship between malaria parasitaemia and level of immuno-suppression (CD4+ Cell Count) in HIV infected Nigerians.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10330); Lemoha EN, Akanmu AS, Aniedobe MN, Oparaugo CT, Nathan E, Mafe AG, Audu RA, Idigbe EO, Ejezie C;;;; Nigerian Institute of Medical Research , Lagos state, Nigeria; Severity of Malaria Infection has been shown to related to the Immune Status of an Individual. If Immunity (CD4+ cell Count) were depressed in HIV infected Individuals, it would be expected that Malaria Infection would become more severe. This study was therefore carried out to determine if there is any str
Novel HLA-A2 and HLA A24-restricted subtype A/E Vif and Vpr CTL Epitope identified in HIV-1 infected Thai Patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10340); Buranapraditkun S, Hansasuta P, Rowland-Jones S, Phanuphak P, Ruxrungtham K;;;; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Little data had been made on CTL responses against subtype A/E HIV-1 regulatory proteins. In addition, the HLA polymorphism among Thais is also remarkably different from the western cohorts. Our previous studies showed various frequency of CTL responses to A/E HIV-1 regulatory proteins: nef, vpr, tat, vif,
An abrogated p24 antigen test to detect plasma infectivity of viraemic HIV patients with and without HAART.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10345); Wolf T, Kessel J, Brodt HR, Werner A;;;; Dept. of Infectious diseases, Hospital of the JWG University, Frankfurt, Germany; The morbidity and mortality of AIDS has been significantly reduced since the introduction of HAART. Virologic therapy surveillance nowadays consists of regular PCR-based measurement of HIV Viraemia. Little is known however about the plasma infectiousness in various stages of disease and therapy. In HAART-tr
Evaluation of HIV-1 neutralization using flow cytometry on green fluorescent protein-based and intracellular p24Ag-based.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10350); Louisirirotchanakul S, Pathapanyasat K, Auewarakul P, Siritantikorn S, Suthent R, Puthavathana P;;;; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; To measure neutralization by a flow cytometric method as follows 1) HIV isolate-based using GFP-coreceptor reporter cells (GHOST system) 2) Chimeric HIV construct-GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) reporter-based using MT2 cells 3) HIV isolate-based by intracellular p24 quantitative and extracellular p24 Ag cap
Functional activity of cytotoxic cells in HIV-infected patients with different HAART efficiency.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10355); Shemshura AB, Sveshnikova LV, Poddubskaya SY, Shishaeva OB, Ponomarenko YV;;;; Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation; Cellular immune responses play a central role in controlling HIV-1 infection. The effect of altering functional activity of cytotoxic cells on suppression of viral replication during HAART in HIV-1-infected patients was assessed. Methods: CD4, CD8 T-cell counts, CD56CD16 NK count, CD95, HLA DR, FasL express
New humic acid derivative as potent inhibitors of HIV-1 replication.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10360); Kornilaeva G, Bercovich A, Pavlova T, Karamov E;;;; Ivanovsky institute of virology, RAMS, Moscow, Russian Federation; The anti-HIV-1 activity of the new humic acid derivative has been determined in vitro, and the serial passages at low concentrations have been performed to investigate the emergence of resistance to this drug candidate. Methods: The antiviral efficiency of the humic acid derivative was tested against HIV-1
Progress towards biochemical purification of the CD8+ cell antiviral factor (CAF).: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10365); Mackewicz CE, Alian A, Chalkley RC, Miercke L, Mack E, Stroud RM, Burlingame AL, Levy JA;;;; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; CD8+ T cells from healthy HIV-infected individuals produce factors that can inhibit HIV replication in vitro. The nature of a major protein, termed the CD8+ cell antiviral factor (CAF), has not yet been determined. The object of this study is to biochemically purify CAF to an extent that will allow its ident
Associated factors for the detection of CSF HIV-1 RNA in patients with advanced HIV infection worked up for neurological diseases in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10370); Christo PP, Livramento JA, Aleixo AV, Greco DB;;;; Eduardo de Menezes Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Introduction: reduction of morbidity and mortality has been achieved with the introduction of HAART and still these patients may represent a vulnerable group to neurological diseases. There are evidences that HIV replication in the CNS may be only partially suppressed and CNS HIV replication can occur relatively indepe
Laboratory support for a phase III HIV-1 vaccine trial in Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10375); Nitayaphan S, Eamsila C, Titasupawant B, Trichavaroj R, Chuenchitra C, Mason S, Chanbancherd P, Karnasuta C, Brown A;;;; Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; A phase III trial of ALVAC-HIV and AIDSVAX B/E is ongoing in Thailand . HIV diagnostic testing provides the primary end point, crucial for the interpretation of vaccine efficacy. Differentiating HIV infection from vaccine-induced sero-positivity is essential, as is the storage of high-quality specimens for
Genetic diversity of HLA-A, -B, -Cw alleles among HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected individuals in a Chinese Uygur ethnic groups.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10380); Hong KX, Lu XZ, Xu MY, Chen JP, Ruan YH, Xing H, Rui BL, Zhang YZ, Shao YM;;;; National Center for AIDS Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; The genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are the most polymorphic of all human genes. This polymorphism may result in amino acid variation in the peptide-binding groove, which determines the immune response elicited. Certain HLA class I antigens have been reported to be associated with suscep
How to Implement Anti-AIDS Project among MSM in China.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10385); Guo GY;;;; Beijing Gender Health Education Institution, Beijing, China; As the first gay supporting hotline in China , Beijing Tongzhi Hotline was established in 1997. In 2002, we registered as Beijing Gender Health Education Institution (BGHEI). The mission of the hotline is to support the life and health of the gay community through counseling and other assistances. The character of the
Host immune response against an attenuated vaccine virus with deglycosylation in env.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10390); Mori KM, Sugimoto CS, Shioda TS, Yasutomi YY, Yamamoto NY, Nagai YN;;;; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tsukuba, Japan; A mutant with 5 deglycosylations in gp120 (d-5G) replicated robustly in rhesus macaques similar to a parental SIVmac239 in primary infection, but was tightly contained after 8 weeks postinfection (wpi). To explore the mechanism of the containment of the infection, host immune response in 5 rhesus macaques were studied.
Epidemiology and natural history of HPV infection in HIV positive women A prospective study.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10400); Pujol de la Llave E, Santos Mora JC, Palomeque Fuentes F, Borrero Martin JJ, Ruano Garcia A, Conde Garcia J;;;; Hospital Juan Ramon Jimenez, Huelva, Spain; We have been carried out a prospective study on 59 women with HIV infection that evaluates the epidemic and risk factors implied in Papilomavirus ( HPV ) infection, as well as the relationship among immunodeficiency caused by the VIH and HPV infection or cervical pathology. Methods: 59 HIV positive women we
Immunoglobulin levels amongst persons with and without HIV-1 infection in Uganda and Norway.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10405); Lugada ES, Mermin JH, Asjo B, Kaharuza F, Downing R, Langeland N, Ormaasen V, Bruun J, Awor AC, Ulvestad E;;;; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Entebbe, Uganda; BackgroundCD4+ cell count and viral load monitoring is unavailable or expensive to most HIV-infected people in Africa. MethodTo evaluate alternative methods for monitoring disease progression and antiretroviral therapy, we measured CD4+ cell counts and concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG and IgG1 among adults with and with
A decade of progress in AIDS vaccine development in Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10410); Thiamchai V;;;; AIDS Vaccine Coordinating Unit, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand; The mission of the Thailand s National Plan for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development is to promote the development and facilitate evaluation of safe, effective, affordable and accessible HIV vaccines while building up the national research capacity. The Plan has facilitated the implementation of numerous s
HIV and multidrug resistant tuberculous meningitis co-infection in children: first case series.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10415); Padayatchi N, Bamber S;;;; Centre for the aids program for research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa; MDR-TBM in children has not been previously described. We describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic and management challenges and outcome of HIV and multidrug resistant tuberculous meningitis (MDR-TBM) co-infection in children. Methods: Cultures of 6781 CSF samples were collected between 1996 to 2003, o
Effect of syphilis on HIV-1 in patients taking antiretroviral therapy.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10420); Koga I, Hosoya N, Goto M, Odawara T, Matsuda M, Sugiura W, Nakamura T, Iwamoto A;;;; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; A patient under successful HAART for 21 months experienced abrupt increase in the plasma viral load(VL) concurrently with secondary syphilis. He declared strict adherence to HAART. We wished to examine the role of syphilis on the plasma VL and acquisition of drug resistance mutations. Method: Plasma HIV-1 V
COX-2 induction by gp-120 in neuroblastome cells.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10425); Munoz-Fernandez MA, Alvarez S, Serramia MJ, Iniguez MA, Fresno M;;;; Hospital Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain; Background. It has been estimated that 20-30% of HIV-infected individuals develop HIV dementia . It has been reported that gp120 is able to cause death of human neuroblastome (NB) cells and being the direct cause of neurotoxicity. Moreover, recent results support a role of cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) in HIV-1 dementia. Du
HIV vaccine targeting the Tat protein requires full-length Tat protein.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10430); Loret EP;;;; Univ.Med./CNRS, Marseille, France; AIDS vaccines now use a truncated version of 86 residues of the Tat protein related to the HIV-1 HXB2 strain predominant in Europe and North America. We compared antibodies raised in rabbits using a B subtype short Tat HXB2(86) and a full-length Tat HXB2(100). Serum against HXB2(86) recognizes only B and D subtypes whi
Comparative effects of human IFN-ialpha and -gamma and ovine IFN-tau on the tryptophan-to-kynurenine pathway in human macrophages infected or not with HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10435); Maneglier B, Rogez-Kreuz C, Spreux-Varoquaux O, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Martal J, Therond P, Advenier C, Dormont D, Clayette P;;;; Faculte de Medecine Paris Ile de France Ouest, Le Chesnay, France; Ovine type I IFN-tau displays the same antiretroviral properties than human IFN-ialpha but is less toxic in vitro and in vivo. Clinical use of type I IFN is associated with severe neuropsychiatric side effects, in part linked to a stimulation of the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway. Activated macrophages and microg
Differences in disease progression in a cohort of long-term non-progressors with more than 16 years of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10440); Rodes B, Toro C, Poveda E, Martinez-Padial M, Jimenez V, Soriano V;;;; Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; It is unclear whether absence of immunologic damage in long-term non-progressors (LTNP) will last indefinitely or merely represents the end of a gaussian distribution, and therefore progression will eventually occur. Methods: A cohort of 25 LTNP was established in our hospital (LTNP are 1% of all outclinic
The use of genotype resistance testing in HIV - infected patients in Sao Paulo (Brazil), before treatment with Tenofovir.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10445); Bianco R, Diaz RD, Brito VC, Silveira OS;;;; STD/AIDS Coordination of Sao Paulo City Health Department, Sao Paulo, Brazil; We analyzed resistance patterns and the utility of genotype in treatment before indicate Tenofovir . We used Brazilian interpretations based on a updated algorithim reflecting state of the art knowledge in Brazil.
High frequency, broadly focused CTL activity is associated with low viraemia and high CD4 count in subjects expressing HLA-B57, B5801 or B5802 infected with HIV C Clade infection in Durban, South Africa.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10450); Chetty P, Leslie A, Ramduth D, Addo MM, Altfeld M, Brander C, Brander C, Nene N, Ntumba N, Thobakgale C, Honeyborne I, Kiepiela P, Walker BD, Goulder PJ;;;; HPP, Univ of Natal, Durban, South Africa; Cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses feature prominently in the HIV-specific immune response of all infected subjects, but some individuals progress rapidly to disease whilst in others progression is markedly slow. To examine the mechanisms underlying different rates of disease progression, we focused on 3 clos
Cytotoxic activity and interferon gamma secretion of NK cells in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10455); Nuvor VS, Sande MV, McConkey S, Whittle H, Jaye A;;;; MRC Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, Gambia; Background Natural Killer (NK) cells are the most potent effectors of natural immunity. Their ability to lyse virus infected cells as well as produce cytokines and chemokines without prior activation may be important in supporting adaptive immune response in HIV infection. Cellular immune response by NK cells may play
HLA class I and class II in people living with HIV/AIDS in Chiang Mai province of Northern Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10460); Kunachiwa W, Leetrakool N, Dettrairat S, Kohreanudom S, Pultajux U, Raksakulkarn P;;;; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; The association between certain HLA types has been demonstrated in HIV infected patient but results were often inconsistent mainly due to sample size and origin. In order to determine whether HLA polymorphism influences HIV susceptibility, blood samples from HIV-positive people living in Northern
An innovative approach to meeting the economic needs of young people in Rural-Kenya.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10465); Kimondo SM;;;; Moi University, Nairobi, Kenya; Majority of young Kenyans who are productive and energetic remain unemployed continue to suffer from poor health and lack sufficient support. The consequences of early unprotected sexual activity among the youth are no longer limited to millions of episodes of STDs, and hundreds of thousands of unwanted pregnanc
Macrophage alternative activation network: in vitro characterization and implications for HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10470); Porcheray F, Viaud S, Rimaniol AC, Leone C, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Dormont D, Gras G;;;; Service de Neurovirologie, CEA/DSV/DRM, Fontenay aux Roses, France; The concept of alternative macrophage activation has opened new fields of investigation on macrophage functions, but data available on anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype are often fragmented and controversial. Moreover, in spite of its potential therapeutic implications, the relation between HIV infecti
Blood uric acid level and gender differences in the pathogenesis of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10475); Matusa FR, Ruta SM, Sultana C, Manolescu L, Cernescu C;;;; Constanta Hospital for Infectious Diseases , Constanta, Romania; Women have lower plasma viral RNA levels at the time of seroconversion, and may progress to AIDS at approximately the same rate as men but at lower plasma viral RNA concentrations. We hypothesize that lower blood uric acid levels in women can explain gender differences in disease pathogenesis. Methods. The
Lack of EBV-specific immunes responses in severely immunocompromised patients.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10480); Hansasuta P, Incomserb P, Buranapraditkun S, Kulwichit W, Rickinson AB, Bhattarakosol P;;;; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a number of malignancies. Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTL) is believed to have protective immunity against EBV infection. Indeed, patients with T cell defect have higher incidence of EBV-related cancer, including primary CNS lymphoma and post transplant lymphoproliferative disea
Impact of visual arts in the support of people living with HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10485); Akagla A;;;; ASMENE, Lome, Togo; There are crucial problems in our country. For instance the persistence of the stigmatization and the discrimination of people living with HIV (PLWIV); the absence of structure to follow up the support of people affected and infected by HIV; the level of knowledge of young school people on IST/HIV/AIDS is very
Assessing media response to HIV/AIDS vaccine trial; Nigeria as a case study.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10490); Emeruwa V;;;; Media, Lagos, Nigeria; To prepare the media on the science of vaccine in order to generate balanced information on a proposed HIV/AIDS vaccine trial in Nigeria . This study examined the media perception of the vaccine trial in the face of an already existing public myths and aversion over vaccination in Nigeria. Method: A survey
Targeted lysis of HIV-infected cells by natural killer cells armed and triggered by a recombinant immunoglobulin fusion protein: implications for immunotherapy.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10495); Arthos J, Gupta N, Steenbeke TD, Khazanie P, Chaikin MA, Daucher MB, Kottilil S, Mavilio D, Schuck P, Sun PD, Rabin R, Radaev S, Van Ryk D, Cicala C, Censoplano N, Cruz C, Chung E, Fauci AS;;;; NIAID, Bethesda, United States; Natural killer cells in conjunction with IgG antibodies kill virus- infected cells through a process termed antibody dependent cell-mediated cytoxicity (ADCC). Antibodies initially decorate virus infected cells, and subsequently bind to, and crosslink CD16, the low affinity Fc receptor expressed on Natural killer cells
Serological and Molecular Techniques for Identification of the HIV-1 subtype B, B"-GWGR variant.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10500); Komninakis SC, Fukumori LM, Alcalde R, Cortina MA, Brito A, Duarte AJ, Casseb J;;;; FMUSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil; HIV-1 subtype B predominates in Brazil , and the V3 loop tip presents two major signature sequences: B-GPGR and B -GWGR, the latter almost unique to Brazil. Aim: To analyze the occurrence of these variants in our cohort, using serological and molecular tools. Material and Methods: A total of 87 HIV-infected
HIV-1 entry and Tat-protein activity on TAR- and CXCR4-induction are selectively targeted by sulfonated Stilbenes.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10505); Klimkait T, Brondani V, Hamy F, Buetler HR;;;; Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Sulfonated Stilbenes have previously been reported as potent HIV-1 inhibitors able to block virus replication by distinct, possibly synergizing mechanisms. A first class of compounds, acting as CD4 antagonists, functions as HIV-1 entry inhibitors with syncytium preventing activity. A second class was descri
PCR Based Sequencing of Exons 4 and 6 from Rhesus Macaque CD45 receptor.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10510); Lee ME, Wells ME, Johnson JD, Ansari AA;;;; Spelman College, Atlanta, Georgia, United States; The human common leukocyte antigen, CD45 is encoded by 390 base pairs that include exons 4, 5 and 6, with flanking regions 3 and 7. The expression of different isoforms is correlated with activation and differentiation of naive T-cells (expressing different combinations of the exons 4, 5, and 6; CD45RA) and
Thalassemia trait in an HIV positive patient.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10515); Ozkaya-Sahin G, Buyukasik Y, Zarakolu P, Tumer A, Sain-Guven G, Unal S;;;; Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Section of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Anemia is a common problem in patients with HIV and the most frequent reasons are HIV itself, marrow-infiltrating infection or tumor, parvovirus B19, vitamin B12, folate and iron deficiency, drug-induced (mostly zidovudine, ganciclovir, TMP-SMX) marrow suppression with or without red cell aplasia and drug-i
Prevalence and risk factors of HIV/Hepatitis B or C co-infection in a tertiary care center in Mexico City.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10520); Mosqueda-Gomez JL, Ramirez-Arias JF, Sierra-Madero J, Villasis-Keever A, Soto-Ramirez LE;;;; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico; Co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and hepatitis B (HBV) or C virus (HCV) is common and can result in faster progression of both diseases, making challenging the management of these patients. Prevalence and risk factors of co-infection with either HBV or HCV and HIV in Mexico is unknown an
AIDS and cancer specimen resource: A resource for HIV reservoir research.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10525); McGrath MS, Garcia D, Ayers L, Silver S, Orenstein J, Lamers S;;;; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States; The National Cancer Institute (NCI)-funded AIDS and Cancer Specimen Resource (ACSR) is the country s leading nationwide multi-site source for documented tissue and biological samples serving investigators working in the fields of HIV/AIDS and related cancer, virology, immunology, pathology, epidemiology, tu
Fighting the spread of HIV/AIDS by preventing syringe reuse.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10530); Gadde R;;;; BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, United States; Injections administered in the developing world are often non-sterile, and may transmit infectious disease, due to improper reuse of disposable syringes and needles designed for single use or ineffective re-sterilization of reusable glass syringes. Estimates by WHO and CDC indicate that approximate
Chemokine receptor analysis of a UK cohort with chronic HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10535); Burton CT, Nelson MR, Gazzard BG, Gotch FM, Imami N;;;; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; CCR5, a co-receptor of HIV-1, is mutated in a small number of individuals due to a 32bp deletion. Homozygosity for the Gamma32 mutation permits resistance to HIV-1 infection, and heterozygous individuals show a limited resistance to disease progression but not infection. There is a variant of CCR2 (CCR2-64I
Schistosomiasis and HIV - effect of treatment with Praziquantel on CD4-counts.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10540); Kallestrup P, Zinyama R, Gomo E, Pedersen BK, Butterworth A, Mudenge B, Ullum H;;;; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; The main objective of our ongoing study of the MUSH cohort (Mupfure Schistosomiasis and HIV cohort) is to determine the effects of treating schistosomiasis on HIV disease progression as evaluated by CD4-counts and viral load as well as by clinical assessment of co-infected individuals. Methods: The randomis
Outcome of HIV antenatal screening in two district maternity hospitals managed under one NHS Trust in Essex, United Kingdom.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10545); Hooi AY, Klare V, Knock P;;;; King George Hospital, Essex, United Kingdom; Early detection and appropriate treatment with antiretroviral therapy has a major impact on the reduction of perinatal transmission of HIV infection. Universal antenatal HIV screening was introduced in Harold Wood Hospital and King George Hospital, Essex, England in 2000. The uptake of the test is 85%. This
Phagocytosis and killing of serotype 14 pneumococcus opsonized with antisera from HIV-positive children.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10550); Bellinati-Pires R, Souza Lima T, Oliveira CA, Xavier DH, Ribeiro GM, Scola MC, Kubo C, Carneiro-Sampaio MM;;;; Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Phagocytosis assays have been used to study functional activities of antibodies in human vaccination antisera. The purpose of this work was evaluate opsonic activities of sera from HIV-positive Brazilian children immunized with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, measuring their effect on phagocy
Immunophenotypic analysis in Ghanaians at different stages of HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10555); Preko PO, Jiang Y, Frimpong G, Jolly PE;;;; AIDS ALLY, Kumasi, Ghana; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection results in impaired immune function that can be measured by changes in immunphenotypically defined lymphocyte subsets and other in vitro functional assays. This study attempts to evaluate the immunological status of HIV-1-infected Ghanaians in an effort
Designing conditionally activated HIV-2 vectors for controlling HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10560); Arya SK;;;; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States; We have previously reported that HIV-2 provirus can down regulate HIV-1 expression in T cell lines and in fresh PBMC. Others have reported that the subgenomic HIV-1 vectors can also inhibit HIV-1, when the vector carries the viral LTR and is presumably activated in trans by Tat encoded by the replicating HI
Serum levels of MIP-1beta and RANTES in HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE (E) infected patients with different rates of disease progression.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10565); Chuenchitra T, Wasi C, de Souza M, Nitayaphan S, Louisirirotchanakul S, Sutthent R, Brown A, Birx D, Polonis V;;;; Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand; The beta-chemokines have been shown to inhibit HIV replication in vitro. To evaluate the role of serum beta-chemokines in disease progression and their anti-viral role in vivo, we studied serum levels of MIP-1beta and RANTES in HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE infected Thai patients with different rate of disease pro
Prognostic determinants of Visceral Leishmaniasis in HIV.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10570); Valente Takeda CF, Cartaxo LA, Lima JR, Viana JR, Ponte GA;;;; Hospital Sao Jose de Doencas Infecciosas/Secretaria de Saude do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil; In Brazil , visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic zoonotic disease associated with considerable morbidity. The objective of this study was to evaluate predictive factors of VL-HIV coinfection. Methods: Descriptive and retrospective analysis of patients with febrile diseases attended at a referal hospita
Distribution of CCR5D32 in cuban human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and its relationship to disease course.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10575); Resik S, Martinez PA, Kouri V, Garcia S, Serrano T, Diaz M, Perez J;;;; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri, La Habana, Cuba; Certain strains of HIV-1 require a coreceptor, CCR5, in addition to CD4 for infection of target cells. Individuals with the homozygous mutation D32CCR5 have a nonfunctional CCR5 receptor phenotype and have been shown to have strong resistance to infection with the most commonly circulating strains of HIV-1. The heteroz
Molecular modeling, mechanism of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and inhibitor design of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor.: Int Conf AIDS 2004 Jul 11-16; 15:(abstract no. A10580); Hannongbua S;;;; Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; The main problem in drug therapy of anti-AIDS is the current mutation of enzyme. Better understanding is vital for analysis the activities of mutant enzyme, and for the design of inhibitors. In the present study, QSAR and 3D-QSAR analysis of HIV-1 RT inhibitors were investigated to relate structure and acti

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