|
16th International AIDS ConferenceToronto, Canada — August 13-18, 2006 |
Cite as: Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. xx
| Table of Contents Main Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Late-Breakers |
| Oral Abstracts | |
| Track A | |
| MoAa01 | HIV Attachment, Penetration and Tropism |
| MoAa0101 | ATTACHMENT IN HIV ENTRY PROCESS BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC TOMOGRAPHY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0101 Goto T.1, Hasegawa T.2, Kajimura N.2, Iwabu Y.3, Yamamoto D.4, Ikuta K.3, Takaoka A.2 At the first contact point, the distance between the virus and the cell membrane corresponds very well to the length of the extended gp41 molecule. Further stages have been investigated and will be discussed. |
| MoAa0102 | CELL-TO-CELL HIV-1 TRANSMISSION THROUGH A CLATHRIN-DEPENDENT ENDOCYTIC PATHWAY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0102 Bosch B.1, Grigorov B.2, Senserrich J.1, Blanco J.1, Clotet B.1, Darlix J.-L.2, Muriaux D.2, Este J.1 Taken together these results suggest that HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission probably occur through a caveolin-independent but clathrin-dependent endocytic process leading to the formation of endosomal vesicles containing complete HIV-1 particles. |
| MoAa0103 | ROLE OF THE HIGHLY CONSERVED LWYIK MOTIF OF THE TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN gp41 OF HIV IN ENV-MEDIATED MEMBRANE FUSION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0103 Chen S.S.-L., Chan W.-E. Our study shows that localization of Env in lipid rafts is not sufficient for Env-mediated membrane fusion. The results also demonstrate that the immediate membrane-proximal LWYIK motif is not necessary for Env maturation or incorporation into the virus, but does play a critical role in membrane fusion by promoting formation of a functional fusion pore. |
| MoAa0104 | CXCR4 ANTAGONIST-INDUCED CORECEPTOR SWITCH FROM X4 TO R5 PHENOTYPE IN VITRO DETERMINED BY A SINGLE AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTION IN THE V3 REGION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 gp120 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0104 Maeda Y., Yusa K., Harada S. These results indicated that the coreceptor switch from X4 to R5 phenotype was easily occurred in vitro when intermediate phenotypes of HIV-1 (R5X4 variants) were used. |
| MoAa0105 | THE MECHANISM OF HIV-1 ESCAPE FROM SMALL MOLECULE CCR5 ANTAGONISTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0105 Pugach P., Kuhmann S., Ketas T., Moore J.P. We interpret these findings to indicate that the resistant viruses are utilizing CCR5 receptors to which the small molecule have already bound in a way that blocks PSC-RANTES binding. The appearance of "plateaus" of incomplete resistance suggests that these viruses utilize drug-bound CCR5 less efficiently than drug-free receptors. |
| MoAa02 | Neutralizing Antibodies to HIV |
| MoAa0201 | PROBING THE PROMISCUITY OF THE HIV-1 NEUTRALIZING 2F5 ANTIBODY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0201 Julien J.-P., Bryson S., Pai E.F. The results presented here give new insights in the structure-based design of a peptide-like molecule potentially capable of stimulating 2F5 antibody production and help in the bigger quest of creating a potent vaccine for HIV-1. |
| MoAa0202 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0202 |
| MoAa0203 | THE E2DISP ANTIGEN DISPLAY SYSTEM: A NOVEL HIV VACCINE APPROACH Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0203 Lauman D.N.1, Caivano A.2, Domingo G.3, Meoli L.2, Thomas S.4, Sutton W.F.5, Kaja M.-K.4, Haigwood N.L.5, De Berardinis P.2, Doria-Rose N.5 Both pure and hybrid E2DISP-HIV particles are immunogenic in non-transgenic mice. The successful boosting of HIV-specific antibodies despite the presence of antibodies to the E2DISP backbone suggests that higher titer responses may be elicited with additional immunizations. Future studies will evaluate the immunogenicity of E2Env, E2Nef and E2Rev constructs, and alternative adjuvants will be used to enhance CTL responses. Generation of NAbs will be evaluated following immunizations with E2Env constructs, such as E2Env-gp41EC, which contains a target of broad NAbs, the Membrane Proximal External Region. |
| MoAa0204 | VACCINE-RELEVANT MIMOTOPES SELECTED WITH NEUTRALIZING IGG PRESENT IN PLASMA FROM LONG-TERM NON-PROGRESSORS (LTNP) BY PHAGE DISPLAY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0204 Humbert M.1, Antoni S.1, Landersz M.1, Rodes B.2, Soriano V.2, Knechten H.3, Staszewski S.4, von Laer D.1, Dittmar M.5, Dietrich U.1 The phage display technology was successfully applied to identify HIV-1 specific mimotopes for neutralizing antibodies supposed to have a protective role in LTNP. These mimotopes represent candidates for the derivation of vaccine-relevant immunogens. |
| MoAa0205 | MATERNAL NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES TO A CRF01_AE PRIMARY ISOLATE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LOW INTRA-PARTUM TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 IN THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0205 Samleerat T.1, Jourdain G.2, Braibant M.3, Ngo-Giang-Huong N.2, Lallement M.2, Leechanachai P.4, Sirithadthamrong S.5, Surasaerneewongse V.6, Warachit B.7, Hotrawarikarn S.8, Barin F.3 Our analysis confirmed our previous observation that high levels of NAb to MBA were associated with low risk of MTCT, and this was mainly due to a lower risk of intra-partum transmission. Such data support the hypothesis that passive immunization could be efficient in preventing MTCT. Further studies are needed to understand why levels of Nab to MBA are more relevant to MTCT than other Nab. |
| MoAa0206 | LOOP DELETIONS IN gp120 EXPOSE THE CD4 BINDING SITE FOR IMPROVED BINDING OF 1b12 AND F105 ANTIBODIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAa0206 Berkower I., Ni Y., Patel C., Spadaccini A. These results suggest that naturally occurring features of the gp120 structure may inhibit antibody binding and reduce the induction of antibodies to the CD4 binding site. These structures can be removed without upsetting the overall conformation. Exposure of the CD4 binding site could occur by reducing steric hindrance or through an allosteric effect on the excursion between open and closed forms of the protein, as occurs during CD4 binding. Open forms of gp120 bearing an exposed CD4 binding site may favor the induction of broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies. |
| Track B | |
| MoAb01 | Challenges in Tuberculosis |
| MoAb0101 | ELISPOTs IN THE DETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN A POPULATION WITH HIGH PREVALENCE OF HIV AND HIGH EXPOSURE TO BCG AND ENVIRONMENTAL MYCOBACTERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAB0101 Mutsvangwa J.1, Corbett E.L.2, Chaka-Boyd K.3, Vundla R.4, Muzangwa J.4, Mavhudzi T.4, Cheung Y.5, Mason P.R.6, Millington K.7, Ewer K.7, Lalvani A.7, Butterworth A.E.8 A proportion of positive TSTs and PPD responses may be attributable to exposure to organisms other than MTB. Both TSTs and PPD ELISPOTs are substantially reduced in HIV-infected individuals, whereas RD1 ELISPOTs are unaffected. Thus, this study supports that the RD1 ELISPOT is a useful marker of MTB infection in individuals from areas with a high prevalence of HIV infection and high exposure to BCG or cross-reactive environmental mycobacteria. |
| MoAb0102 | CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV-1 (PLWH) SCREENED FOR ISONIAZID PREVENTIVE THERAPY (IPT) - BOTSWANA, 2004-2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0102 Samandari T.1, Mosimaneotsile B.2, Nyirenda S.3, Agizew T.2, Motsamai O.4, Kilmarx P.H.5, Talbot E.A.6, Wells C.D.6 Many PLWH seeking IPT in Botswana have advanced HIV disease, and were ineligible for IPT due to current illness at first-round screening or an abnormal CXR in second-round screening. As these exclusions were most likely related to advanced HIV disease, national IPT programs may best target candidates for IPT by targeting HIV screening to healthier individuals. |
| MoAb0103 | FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS, PERU Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0103 Vargas D.1, Bernabé A.2, Gilman R.H.3, Kawai V.1, Soto G.1, Moore D.A.1, Caviedes L.4, Bautista C.T.5, Tovar M.1, Chávez V.6, Huaroto L.6, Ticona E.6, Evans C.A.1 Amongst this population of HIV-positive subjects, the risk factors associated with MDR-TB were previous antituberculosis chemoprophylaxis with isoniazid, recent hospital admission and the close contact witn another tuberculosis patient. These results emphasize the importance of ruling-out active tuberculosis before administering isoniazid preventive therapy and optimizing infection control practices to prevent nosocomial and domiciliary dissemination of MDR-TB. |
| MoAb0104 | TUBERCULOSIS INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS AMONG ADULT PATIENTS RECEIVING HAART IN SENEGAL: A 7-YEAR COHORT STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0104 Diouf A.1, Etard J.-F.2, Ndiaye I.3, Ngom Guèye N.F.4, Guèye P.M.5, Ba Fall K.5, Thierry-Mieg M.2, Dieng A.B.1, Cilote V.6, Lanièce I.6, Christian L.2, Sow P.S.3, Ndoye I.6, Delaporte E.2, ANRS 1290 This study provides the first estimates of tuberculosis incidence following HAART initiation in Senegal. |
| MoAb0105 | UNMASKING OF MYCOBACTERIA TUBERCULOSIS IN PATIENTS INITIATING FREE ARVS IN AN URBAN HIV CLINIC IN KAMPALA UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0105 Wandera B.1, Kigonya C.2, Kambugu A.3, Thomas D.4, Kamya M.R.5 There is an appreciable risk of unmasking of TB in patients starting ARVs in this urban HIV clinic and therefore TB and HIV treatment programs in sub Saharan Africa need to be designed in partnership. Innovative interventions are needed to control TB in HIV-infected populations. Detailed analyses and results will be discussed. |
| MoAb0106 | BLOOD BASED METHODS OF IDENTIFYING TUBERCULOSIS INFECTIONS IN HIGH HIV/TB INCIDENCE AREAS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0106 Rangaka M.1, Wilkinson K.1, Shey M.2, Seldon R.1, Mouton P.2, van Cutsem G.3, Goemare E.3, Meintjes G.4, Maartens G.5, Wilkinson R.6, Mycobacterial Immunology Group Compared to HIV uninfected, the recall response to PPD in HIV-infected people is impaired. By contrast, the responses to antigens secreted by dividing M. tuberculosis are well preserved. This has implications for immunodiagnosis: There is a role for RD1 assays in the HIV context and these tests may identify more people for TB prophylaxis. HIV may not quite be the Achilles’ heel of T cell based assays! |
| MoAb02 | Scaling Up ART for Children - Negotiating the Access Gap |
| MoAb0201 | CHILDREN ENROLLED IN A PUBLIC HIV CARE AND TREATMENT PROGRAM IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA: RAPID SCALE-UP AND FIRST-YEAR CLINICAL OUTCOMES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0201 Mbewe M.1, Bolton C.1, Levy J.1, Sinkala M.2, Bulterys M.3, Chi B.1, Wilfert C.4, Stringer J.1, Dumas A.1, Chintu N.1, Stringer E.1 In this population without full access to infant HIV diagnostics, more than two-thirds of HIV-infected children presenting for care were eligible for ART. Providing quality HIV care and treatment to children on a large scale in a resource-limited setting is feasible but requires a strong commitment to pediatric care. |
| MoAb0202 | IMPACT OF FREE AND UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT ON THE SURVIVAL AMONG BRAZILIAN CHILDREN WITH AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0202 Matida L.H.1, Novaes A.2, Moncau J.E.C.3, Marcopito L.F.3, Marques H.H.S.4, Succi R.C.M.3, Della Negra M.5, Hearst N.6, Brazilian Group of Survival Study in Children with HIV A free and universal access to ART, even in a country that lacks an ideal health infrastructure, can make a substantial difference in survival. These results argue strongly for making such treatment available to children elsewhere in the developing world. |
| MoAb0203 | OUTCOMES OF CHILDREN, STRATIFIED BY IMMUNE STATUS, RECEIVING ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) IN MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIČRES (MSF)-SUPPORTED PROJECTS IN RESOURCE-POOR COUNTRIES (RPCS) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0203 Olson D.1, Sauvageot D.2, Ferradini L.2, O' Brien D.3, Humblet P.4, The MSF AIDS Working Group Young children can be successfully treated with ART in RPCs, as measured by treatment continuation and immunologic criteria. Extent of baseline IS does not appear to impact on treatment outcome by month 12. |
| MoAb0204 | ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) OUTCOMES IN CHILDREN < 13 YEARS OF AGE IN RESOURCE-POOR COUNTRIES (RPCS): A MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES (MSF) COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0204 Olson D.1, Sauvageot D.2, Ferradini L.2, Humblet P.3, the MSF AIDS Working Group In RPCs, children < 13 years of age appear to do well on ART, based on survival and immunologic criteria, with a low incidence of significant adverse side effects. Continuing efforts at treatment scale-up should include increased attention on ART for children. |
| MoAb0205 | FORECASTING HIV TREATMENT NEEDS IN CHILDREN TO GUIDE POLICY, PLANNING AND SCALE UP: A MULTI-COUNTRY EXPERIENCE FROM INDIA, MALAWI, CAMEROON, RWANDA AND COTE D'IVOIRE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0205 Ngashi N.1, Luo C.1, Mulenga D.2, Little K.3, Gass R.1 National programs have started using this information to revise national policies on pediatric care and to define realistic population-based targets, scale up plans and strategies for achieving these targets. The estimation of country-specific burden of disease and treatment needs is a powerful tool for advocacy and scale up planning and should be roll out. |
| MoAb03 | Complications of HIV-Infections |
| MoAb0301 | Neurodevelopmental functioning in HIV-infected children before and after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0301 Lindsey J.1, Malee K.2, Brouwers P.3, Hughes M.1 Suppression of HIV-1 RNA levels and subsequent benefits in survival and immunologic status brought about by HAART have been followed by decreasing differences in developmental functioning between HIV+ and HIV- children during the first three years of life. |
| MoAb0302 | NEUROCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, SYMPTOMATIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY AND DEPRESSION ARE HIGHLY PREVALENT IN HIV INFECTED OUTPATIENTS WITHIN THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION: FINDINGS OF THE ASIA PACIFIC NeuroAIDS CONSORTIUM (APNAC) STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0302 Wright E.1, Brew B.2, Kongsaengdao S.3, Arayawithchanont A.4, Samintarapunya K.5, Imran D.6, Lun W.7, Kamarulzaman A.8, Li P.9, Tau G.10, Vonthanak S.11, Sarim C.11, Huffam S.11, Kishore K.12, Ali S.T.13, Robertson K.14, Lal L.15, Lim M.15, Devadson D.15, Bain P.2, Dwyer R.16, McCormack G.1, Scholten C.1, Cherry C.15, McArthur J.17, Wesselingh S.15 HIV-related NCI, symptomatic PN and depression are common under-diagnosed conditions in HIV-infected outpatients at sites in Thailand, Indonesia, China and Malaysia and require further study. |
| MoAb0303 | TRENDS AND RISK FACTORS FOR COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA AMONG HIV-INFECTED AND HIV-UNINFECTED INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0303 Stein K.1, Astemborski J.2, Mehta S.2, Vlahov D.3, Galai N.2, Kirk G.2 CAP incidence is declining among IDUs. Among HIV-infected IDUs, CAP risk from lifestyle-related factors has diminished while effects of HIV disease status predominate. HAART greatly reduces CAP risk, but HIV-infected IDUs remain at high risk even with relatively intact immune function. |
| MoAb0304 | INCREASING RATES OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED MRSA INFECTIONS AMONG HIV-INFECTED PERSONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0304 Crum-Cianflone N.1, Hale B.2, Burgi A.1, Utz G.2, Truett A.2, Chun H.2, Bavaro M.2, TriService AIDS Clinical Consortium Community-acquired MRSA infections are rapidly increasing among HIV-infected patients. HIV patients have a 18-fold higher risk for CA-MRSA than the general population. Risk factors for CA-MRSA include recent use of B-lactam antibiotics and high-risk sexual activity as demonstrated by syphilis infection. |
| MoAb0305 | STUDY OF IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME (IRIS) IN RESOURCE LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0305 Bhrushundi M., Mishra P. After initiating ART in individuals with low CD4+T-helper cells, meticulous follow up and patients awareness can detect the IRIS early. TB IRIS tops too followed by PCP. IRIS increases cost of the treatment especially with CMV, Hepatitis C and Cryptococcal meningitis IRIS. IRIS can have fetal outcome also. |
| MoAb04 | Nutrition and HIV |
| MoAb0401 | A PILOT RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION IN FOOD INSECURE PATIENTS RECEIVING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) IN ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0401 Megazzini K.1, Washington S.1, Sinkala M.2, Lawson-Marriott S.3, Stringer E.1, Krebs D.1, Levy J.1, Chi B.1, Cantrell R.1, Zulu I.4, Mulenga L.1, Stringer J.1 In this pilot study, a monthly household food ration for food insecure patients commencing ART improved adherence by 40% and resulted in a better CD4+ response at 12 months of therapy. Further study is warranted of food supplementation as an adjunct to ART in food insecure patients. |
| MoAb0402 | MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION INCREASES CD4 COUNT IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS ON HAART: A PROSPECTIVE, DOUBLE-BLINDED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0402 Kaiser J.1, Baum M.2, Campa A.2, Ondercin J.3, Leoung G.4, Pless R.5 Micronutrient supplementation can significantly improve CD4 cell count reconstitution in HIV-infected patients taking HAART. The micronutrient supplement tested was well-tolerated and may hold promise as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of HIV. Further investigation is warranted. |
| MoAb0403 | THE ROLE OF SELENIUM AS ADJUNCT TO HAART AMONG HIV INFECTED INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE ADVANCED IN THEIR DISEASE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0403 Odunukwe N.N.1, Onwujekwe D.1, Ezechi O.O.1, Ezobi P.1, Gbajabiamila T.1, Anyanwu R.1, Iloka E.1, Adu R.1, Nwogbe O.1, Audu R.1, Herbertson E.1, Idigbe E.O.1, Kanki P.2 Selenium supplementation resulted in higher CD4. This supports Selenium supplement as an adjunct to HAART in HIV positive individuals with severe immune suppression. |
| MoAb0404 | GROWTH AND BODY COMPOSITION IN CHILDREN BEGINNING OR CHANGING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0404 Chantry C.1, Hughes M.2, Alvero C.2, Cervia J.3, Hodge J.4, Borum P.5, Moye J.6, PACTG 1010 HIV+ children beginning or changing ART demonstrate greater gains in weight, height and lean mass than age/sex/race-adjusted norms. Baseline characteristics, but not virologic response to therapy, immune reconstitution nor specific ART class(es) in the new regimen are associated with growth or body composition changes. IGF-1 increases and IGFBP-1 decreases in these children may relate physiologically to growth and body composition changes. |
| MoAb0405 | IMPACT OF HIV STATUS ON PATTERNS OF MORTALITY IN HIV INFECTED SEVERELY MALNOURISHED CHILDREN, ADMITTED TO 3 NUTRITION REHABILITATION UNITS IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAb0405 Chinkhumba J.1, Fergusson P.2, Thurstans S.3, Nyirenda G.1, Mafupa H.1, Tomkins A.4 HIV positive severely malnourished children have a greater risk of dying in early rehabilitation and the average admission in the NRU is nearly twice as long in HIV positive children than HIV negative. There is need for prompt referral of malnourished children to NRUs and need for early identification of HIV status in children and caretakers for essential access to HIV treatment. More effective treatment regimes for HIV positive children in early rehabilitation need to be developed and tested. |
| Track C | |
| MoAc01 | What is Working (or not) for HIV Prevention Among MSM? |
| MoAc0101 | SURVEILLANCE OF HIV PREVALENCE AMONG POPULATIONS OF MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN THAILAND, 2003-2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0101 van Griensven F.1, Varangrat A.2, Naorat S.2, Sinthuwattanawibool C.2, McNicholl J.M.1, Mock P.A.2, Siraprapasiri T.2, Jommaroeng R.3, Phanuphak P.4, Tappero J.W.5, the Thailand MSM Study Group Data show that by 2005, HIV was widespread in Thai populations of men who have sex with men. Among MSM in Bangkok, HIV prevalence increased over 50% between 2003 and 2005. In 2005, more than 20% of Bangkok MSM ≤22 years old were HIV-infected, suggesting high underlying HIV incidence. Thai populations of men who have sex with men should be considered for the implementation and evaluation of preventive interventions. |
| MoAc0102 | BEING POSITIVE ABOUT STAYING NEGATIVE; THE POWER OF FIRST PERSON NARRATIVE IN HIV PREVENTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0102 Grierson J.1, Batrouney C.2, Mclean M.3, Kennedy M.4 This approach will continue informing our thinking in relation to the work of the program while allowing us a ‘snapshot’ of current issues facing homosexually active men (both HIV positive and negative) living in the midst of an ongoing epidemic. |
| MoAc0103 | EVALUATION OF A COMMUNITY-LEVEL PEER-BASED HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTION ADAPTED FOR YOUNG BLACK MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN (MSM) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0103 Jones K.1, Gray P.2, Wang T.1, Johnson W.1, Foust E.2, Dunbar E.1, The North Carolina Men's Health Initiative We observed significant decreases after implementing the adapted intervention. We concluded that adapting evidence-based interventions is a key step in increasing the number interventions for black MSM. |
| MoAc0104 | A THEORY-BASED, TAILORED, INTERACTIVE INTERVENTION DIRECTED AT MSM WHO MEET SEXUAL PARTNERS THROUGH INTERNET CHAT SITES: EFFECTIVE FOR MSM WHO PRACTICE UAI WITH CASUAL PARTNERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0104 Harterink P.1, Hospers H.2, Vriens P.1, Kok G.2, De Zwart O.1 Interactive tailored interventions linked to chat sites can be an effective instrument in HIV prevention for MSM who practice unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with casual partners. |
| MoAc0105 | HIV SEROSORTING? INCREASES IN SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AND RISK BEHAVIOR WITHOUT CONCURRENT INCREASE IN HIV INCIDENCE AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN SAN FRANCISCO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0105 Truong H.M.1, Kellogg T.2, Klausner J.2, Katz M.2, Dilley J.2, Knapper K.3, Chen S.2, Prabhu R.2, Grant R.4, Louie B.2, Mc Farland W.2 HIV incidence among MSM appears to have stabilized at a plateau following several years of resurgence. Increases in the selection of sexual partners of concordant HIV serostatus may be contributing to the stabilization of the epidemic. However, current incidence rates of STI and HIV remain high. Moreover, a strategy of risk reduction by HIV serosorting can be severely limited by imperfect knowledge of one´s own and one´s partners´ serostatus. |
| MoAc02 | Prevention Works: What's the Evidence? |
| MoAc0201 | ASSESSING A NATIONAL HIV BEHAVIOR CHANGE CAMPAIGN FOCUSING ON MULTIPLE CONCURRENT PARTNERSHIPS IN SWAZILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0201 Halperin D.1, Andersson N.2, Mavuso M.3, George B.4 The study ended up helping guide the development of the government BCC campaign, and could also help inform similar such behavior change interventions carried out elsewhere in the region. |
| MoAc0202 | EXPOSURE TO A COMMUNITY-MOBILIZATION INTERVENTION AND HIV-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES - BOTSWANA, 2003 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0202 Koppenhaver T.1, Fleming D.2, Meyerson B.3, Robbins A.3, Kebonang G.S.4, Roels T.H.1, Kilmarx P.H.5 These findings suggest that TCM has helped to improve HIV-prevention knowledge, reduce stigma, and encourage testing in Botswana. The lack of association between TCM exposure and targeted sexual behaviors indicates that important behavior-change challenges remain. |
| MoAc0203 | AN EVALUATION OF A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL COMMUNITY LEVEL HIV INTERVENTION AMONG OUT-OF-SCHOOL YOUTH IN 26 COMMUNITIES IN NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0203 Anyanti J., Omoregie G., Ankomah A., Adebayo S., Buba-Vaganda A. For both males and females, the PEP interventions were effective in increasing condom use at the intervention but not the control sites. The model is therefore recommended as an effective tool and can be scaled up at similar sites throughout Nigeria and elsewhere. |
| MoAc0204 | CHANGES IN SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND RISK OF HIV TRANSMISSION AFTER TWO YEARS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS IN RURAL UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0204 Bunnell R.1, Wamai N.2, Ekwaru J.P.1, Moore D.2, Were W.2, Bechange S.1, Coutinho A.3, Madraa E.4, Mermin J.1 Providing ART and on-going prevention interventions was associated with a reduced estimated risk of HIV transmission among HIV-infected Ugandan adults after two years of therapy, despite an increase in overall sexual activity. Integrated ART and prevention programs may reduce HIV transmission in Africa. |
| MoAc0205 | LIFE IN THE FASTLANE: TESTING THE EFFICACY OF A BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION TO REDUCE HIGH RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIORS AMONG HIV-NEGATIVE, HETEROSEXUAL METHAMPHETAMINE USERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0205 Patterson T.L.1, Mausbach B.1, Semple S.J.1, Zians J.1, Strathdee S.2 Our behavioral intervention was associated with significant increases in intentions for safer sex and the percentage of total sex acts that were protected, indicating that heterosexual methamphetamine users can learn to engage in safer sex behaviors in the context of methamphetamine use. |
| MoAc03 | People on the Move: HIV in Migrant and Mobile Populations |
| MoAc0301 | EXPERIENCES AND REFLECTIONS ON DELIVERING AN HIV/AIDS PROGRAMME WITH, AND FOR, IMMIGRANTS AND MOBILE POPULATIONS IN AUSTRALIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0301 Katsaros E., Eisenberg M., Sabri W., McMahon T., Paljor S., Yaman R., Luisi B., Kerr L. The programme experience points towards a pragmatic and sustainable response to HIV/AIDS among multiple immigrant populations, working within the constraints of (comparatively) limited resources to deliver on the rhetoric of a "cultural and linguistic appropriate" response to HIV/AIDS. This experience may be particularly relevant to delivering HIV/AIDS responses in national programmes among immigrants and mobile populations. |
| MoAc0302 | TRUCKING AGAINST AIDS: A UNIQUE AND SUSTAINABLE RESPONSE TO HIV/AIDS BY THE SOUTH AFRICAN ROAD FREIGHT INDUSTRY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0302 Matthew P., Watson B. Recommendations: (1) Services expanded to include treatment. (2) Scale up network of Roadside Wellness Centre and Mobile Wellness Centres. (3) Continual staff training. |
| MoAc0303 | THE IMPACT OF HIV/AIDS PROGRAMMING FOR TRUCKDRIVERS IN CAMEROON FROM 1997 TO 2004 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0303 Onana Ekembene J.-A.1, Dillow A.2, Cissé B.3, Beauchamp M.C.4 CARE’s experience working for STI and HIV prevention among mobile populations was applied recently when CARE designed a scale-up project intended to target truckdrivers and roadside communities across the country. In addition to the aforementioned strategies, this new project, to be implemented from 2005-2009 with CIDA and CARE funding, will focus on community mobilization and VCT promotion. It will work in line with updated national AIDS policies and will support recent improvements in VCT and ART availabilty. |
| MoAc0304 | SEXUAL NETWORKING AND HIV RISK IN MIGRANT WORKERS IN INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0304 Gelmon L.1, Singh K.2, Singh P.2, Bhattacharjee P.3, Moses S.4, Costigan A.2, Blanchard J.5 Migration intensifies risk for contracting HIV/STIs, but the key finding is that the determinant of risk for migrant workers is prior behaviour. Migrating does not change sexual behavior, migrants take their established behavior into an environment where there is a higher rate of HIV/STIs. This is different from the commonly-accepted wisdom that being a migrant leads one to assume high-risk behaviour. Therefore migration programming has to address both the points of origin as well as the points of destination. |
| MoAc0305 | HIV-RELATED RISK BEHAVIORS AND HISTORY OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES AMONG MALE MIGRANTS WHO PATRONIZE COMMERCIAL SEX IN CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAc0305 Wang B.1, Li X.1, Stanton B.1, Fang X.2, Lin D.2, Mao R.3 Male migrants who paid for sex in China were vulnerable to HIV/STDs. HIV prevention efforts should target young migrant men who work at factory and construction sectors. STD clinics may be important sites for outreach and intervention efforts among male clients. |
| Track D | |
| MoAd01 | Disclose or disappear: the impact of disclosure |
| MoAd0101 | A qualitative study into the impact of HIV disease progression on initial HIV-serostatus disclosure to significant others Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0101 Almeleh C. The results suggest that the unique and changing biophysical nature of HIV/AIDS lends itself to possible social and individual confusion which in-turn facilitates false popular perceptions of HIV/AIDS. HIV-positive individuals have to negotiate through the disclosure process in this particular social context. Consequently, the motivations for disclosure and the choice of recipients are based on a complex and subjective combination of countering false popular perceptions of HIV/AIDS, and accessing appropriate treatment, care and support. Further research on HIV-status disclosure in Africa needs to be conducted and theoretical models developed, where HIV/AIDS is viewed as a dynamic and changing bio-psychosocial experience in which the HIV-positive person simultaneously negotiates their way through and reproduces their individual and social contexts. |
| MoAd0102 | GETTING AROUND DISCLOSURE: SOCIAL STATUS AND SUPPORT OF PATIENTS ENROLLED IN AN ART PROGRAMME IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0102 Fitzgerald M.1, Collumbien M.1, Gumede Z.2, Hosegood V.2 What we know about disclosure and adherence in government ART programmes in South Africa comes from early initiators. Such people are expected to have strong material or social capital, or be skilful in securing support and avoiding social approbation. Programs and policies need to be cognizant of, and responsive to, the pervasive social inequalities that strongly restrict the lives of the majority of people who have not yet sought treatment and those having difficulty with adherence. |
| MoAd0103 | DISCLOSING YOUR HIV STATUS: THE ROLE OF ETHNICITY AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN LONDON Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0103 Elford J.1, Anderson J.2, Bukutu C.1, Ibrahim F.1 In London, there were striking differences, by ethnicity, in the extent to which people told their family, friends and partners that they have HIV. African men and women in particular may require support in disclosing their HIV status. |
| MoAd0104 | CALCULATED STRATEGIES ON HOW CLIENTS DECIDE TO DISCLOSE HIV TEST RESULTS: EXPLORING GENDER DIMENSIONS IN UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0104 Nsabagasani X.1, Orobaton N.1, Kironde S.1, Yoder S.2, Kateebire L.1, Nakamatte N.1 The pattern of disclosure discussed above raises important gender implications for couple communication. There is a need to pay program attention on gender dimensions to communication to better address timely and effective disclosure among couples. |
| MoAd0105 | THE RELATIONAL CONTEXT OF NON-DISCLOSURE OF HIV+ SEROSTATUS TO MAIN SEXUAL PARTNER AMONG WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0105 Peterson S.H., DiClemente R.J., Wingood G.M., Lang D. Women who chose not to disclose were more likely to report unsupportive and threatening sexual relationships. These factors may impede their ability to safely disclose their serostatus, and may negatively effect their health and that of their sexual partners. It is important that clinicians, counselors, and health educators engage women in the process of identifying healthy relationships as well as safe alternatives to unhealthy relationships. |
| MoAd02 | Ethics and Community involvment in Research |
| MoAd0201 | ENHANCING THE PROCESS OF INFORMED CONSENT IN CROSS-LINGUISTIC RESEARCH TRIALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0201 Penn C. A series of recommendations are offered with regard to facilitating aspects of communication and ensuring true informed consent in the multilingual health care setting. A culturally attuned model for effective health communication will be proposed for the development and implementation of appropriate guidelines for training health professionals who work in cross-cultural and cross-linguistic contexts. |
| MoAd0202 | EXPLORING COMMUNICATION IN THE INFORMED CONSENT PROCESS OF AN HIV/AIDS VACCINE TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0202 Watermeyer J. The study highlights the need for monitoring and review of informed consent protocols currently utilized in clinical trials, and implementation of measures to ensure thorough understanding of information by patients and trial participants. Such protocols need to be culturally and linguistically modified for the target population, and health professionals need to receive communication skills training in obtaining informed consent from trial participants and patients. |
| MoAd0203 | WEB-BASED COMMUNITY RESEARCH ON SEXUAL VENUES IN MEXICO CITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0203 Feliciano O.1, Montiel V.2, Lopez M.2 The recognition of the principal trends in the cruising scene allows to design site-specific interventions or to address specific users. The cruising scene is a network woven by the sexual scripts, interactions and homophobia. The more risky activities happened in the limited anal sex and in the private sex interactions among no calculated risk takers. Anal sex in the subway and the sex-shops cabins are an example. |
| MoAd0204 | PERSPECTIVES OF MINORS AND CAREGIVERS ON THE RIGHTS OF MINORS TO BE INVOLVED IN DECISION MAKING ABOUT RESEARCH PARTICIPATION: FINDINGS FROM FORMATIVE RESEARCH ON ASSENT AND DISCLOSURE FOR HIV-POSITIVE CHILDREN IN KINSHASA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0204 Corneli A.1, Rennie S.2, Vaz L.1, Dulyx J.1, Omba S.3, Kayumba Baye J.4, Badinga T.4, Kutumbakana N.4, Daiku O.4, Ilaka M.4, Kalengi Kukemfuka J.-S.4, Callens S.3, Van Rie A.1, Behets F.1 Involving minors in discussions about research participation and obtaining their assent is considered acceptable; however, in this context, caregiver decisions are regarded as final. Understanding minors' and caregivers' perspectives can inform the development of guidelines on assent in this setting. |
| MoAd0205 | INCREASING ACCESS TO VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING AND TESTING (VCT) THROUGH MOBILE VCT SERVICES; CASE STUDY OF 6 COMMUNITIES IN OYO STATE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0205 Okeke U.R.1, Ogungbenro T.2, Faloye A.2 Mobile VCT services should be encourage in reducing access barriers and stigmatization. Community Based Initiatives should be encouraged and funded to create linkages for service providers. |
| MoAd03 | Gender, Violence and Sexuality |
| MoAd0301 | GENDER DISCRIMINATORY BELIEFS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH VULNERABILITY TO HIV AMONG WOMEN AND MEN IN BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0301 Leiter K.S.1, Weiser S.2, Heisler M.3, Percy-de Korte F.1, DeMonner S.1, Tlou S.4, Phaladze N.4, Dandu M.3, Iacopino V.1 For women in Botswana, risk-taking sexual behavior is often not chosen but compelled by social and economic inequality. In order for HIV/AIDS interventions to be effective for women, not only individual behaviors but attitudes that perpetuate socially-sanctioned discrimination must be addressed through policies that promote women’s equality and protect human rights. |
| MoAd0302 | SOCIAL SILENCE AND THE TRANSPORT SECTOR, CONSPIRE IN-SCHOOL GIRLS' VULNERABILITY TO HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0302 Bulawo N.D.1, Zulu K.2, Zulu W.3, Daka M.4 The analysis of data suggests that the transport sector is at the core of the vicious circle of STIs and HIV transmission from adults to children below the age of 17. Data further suggest unreported child defilement and molestation which constitute a moral and child health crisis in Zambia if not in Africa. Social conspiracy of silence is undoing achievements in children’s rights, health and welfare in the past decade. On the flip side of child defilement and molestation is the local transport industry and its staff who have been left unattended to by HIV prevention programs. |
| MoAd0303 | SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR AND HIV PREVALENCE AMONG MALE-TO-FEMALE TRANSGENDERED PEOPLE SEEKING VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING SERVICES IN MUMBAI, INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0303 Kumta S.1, Lurie M.1, Gogate A.2, Jerajani H.3, Weitzen S.4, Row Kavi A.5, Anand V.5, Makadon H.6, Mayer K.7 Transgendered people accessing VCT services in Mumbai, India have high rates of STIs and HIV. They are in urgent need of HIV education, risk reduction counseling and culturally sensitive behavioral interventions to prevent HIV acquisition. |
| MoAd0304 | RAPE, VIOLENCE AND HIV TRANSMISSION AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0304 Reynolds P.1, Aspin C.2 This study raises serious concerns about the HIV risk of men who are raped by other men. The risk of HIV transmission is significant given that condoms were not used. This paper calls for ongoing research in order to ascertain the extent of the problem so that it can be factored into HIV health promotion campaigns for MSM. As well, it is vital that the silence around this issue be eliminated so that appropriate support services can be provided. Recommendations from this study will contribute towards reducing the risk of HIV among MSM. |
| MoAd0305 | CORRELATES OF SEXUAL COERCION AMONG POPULATIONS OF MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAd0305 Guadamuz T.E.1, Naorat S.1, Varangrat A.1, Phanuphak P.2, Jommaroeng R.3, Mock P.A.1, Tappero J.W.4, van Griensven F.5, Siraprapasiri T.1, Thailand MSM Study Group Sexual coercion was common in Thai populations of men who have sex with men. Risk factors associated with sexual coercion as documented in our analysis may help identify those at higher risk and inform preventive interventions for them. |
| Track E | |
| MoAe01 | Not Your Typical Session on HIV/AIDS and the Workplace |
| MoAe0101 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0101 Abstract unavailable at this time. Please check back. |
| MoAe0102 | THE DEBSWANA ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY PROGRAMME Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0102 Mbakile B., Johnson O. All businesses should have a workplace programme that facilitates access to treatment, care and support as a way of minimising the negative impact of the epidemic on the business. |
| MoAe0103 | BUILDING A SUSTAINED PRIVATE-PUBLIC PARTNERSHIP TO ADDRESS HIV/AIDS AND REDUCE STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION IN THE WORKPLACE: THE CASE OF MEXICO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0103 Negroni Belen M.J.1, Hoadley E.1, Kincaid M.2, Moody J.3 The next challenge is to bring this approach to a local level so as to build better private-public partnerships at a state and municipal level. |
| MoAe0104 | AN INNOVATIVE PRIVATE SECTOR LED RESPONSE TO HIV/AIDS, TARGETING SEASONAL AND PERMANENT FARM WORKERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0104 Hill-Mlati J.1, Craviolatti P.2 Although this is work-in-progress it is hoped that it will be replicated in the Southern Africa Region. |
| MoAe0105 | SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND HIV/AIDS AT THE WORKPLACE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0105 Bakaki L. There was rampant workplace sexual harassment including forced sex with minimal policies to deal with the problems of sexual harassment and HIV/AIDS. Employers should develop policies to address the problems of HIV and sexual harassment at the workplace. |
| MoAe0106 | AIDS EDUCATION FOR MEDICAL PERSONNEL: DOES IT MAKE A DIFFERENCE? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0106 Malek A., Sallam S., Hassab A., Mahfouz A. Yes, AIDS education program could make a difference, by allaying medical personnel anxiety, alleviating attitudinal barriers and improving their practice. It is strongly recomended to be incuded as an essential component in medical personnel in-service training program. |
| MoAe02 | Moving the Agenda Forward: Women's Rights and HIV |
| MoAe0201 | THE PERPETUAL BATTLE OF THE BETTER HALF Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0201 Singh S., Prathibha S. The gap between law and social context is breached only by re-conceptualising our interpretations of legal definitions. Use of the Act should be monitored to see if it can address HIV issues. |
| MoAe0202 | GENDER VIOLENCE & HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0202 Sorley D. With the high demand for this service, a better follow up system needs to be put in place to monitor the 80% of clients who did not return for follow up HIV testing. We recognize that our program is 5 years old and at first we did not have an adequate data collection system to follow our clients. That system is now in place. |
| MoAe0203 | RESEARCH ON REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS OF WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV IN RUSSIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0203 Rukavishnikov M. To increase awareness among health professionals, legal professionals and PLWHA, especially WLWHA, of medical and legal aspects of PLWHA reproductive health issues. To promote public monitoring and control of the implementation of legal instruments in HIV context. To inform the general public about legal rights related to HIV. To reduce stigma and discrimination both within the general public and medical personnel through work with the mass media. |
| MoAe0204 | THE NEED FOR AIDS FEMINISM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0204 Mthathi S.1, Richter M.2 AIDS feminism emphasizes women’s empowerment and agency, while focusing on the root causes of gender inequality that ultimately give rise to the increased vulnerability of women to the epidemic. It proposes a number of strategies that will make feminism more relevant and appropriate to the lives of women with HIV/AIDS. |
| MoAe0205 | HIV TREATMENT FOR WOMEN IN UGANDA: INCREASING ACCESS THROUGH INTEGRATED SERVICE PROVISION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAe0205 McGrath J.1, Rundall S.1, Kaawa-Mafigiri D.1, Kakande N.2 These data demonstrate the urgent need to create integrated programs to deliver HIV care. Because women are driven by symptoms to seek care, integrating HIV care into other health care will increase the likelihood women receive appropriate treatment earlier in the disease process. |
| Cross-Track | |
| MoAx01 | Host Response in Acute Infection, Setting the Stage for Disease Outcome |
| MoAx0101 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0101 Abstract unavailable at this time. Please check back. |
| MoAx0102 | CLINICAL CORRELATIONS OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT DURING ACUTE HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0102 Bebell L.1, Passmore J.-A.2, Williamson C.3, Mlisana K.4, Iriogbe I.4, Abdool Karim Q.4, Karim S.A.4, and the CAPRISA Acute Infection Study Team Elevated CVL cytokines in acute HIV may be associated with rapid disease progression. Women co-infected with acute HIV and BV also have higher cytokine levels. Further research will focus on defining the relationship of CVL cytokines to local genital tract pathogenesis. |
| MoAx0103 | INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR 1: A NOVEL DETERMINANT OF RESISTANCE TO INFECTION BY HIV-1 IN HIGHLY EXPOSED UNINFECTED SEX-WORKERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0103 Ji H.1, Ball T.1, Kimani J.2, McLaren P.1, Marlin C.1, Hill A.3, Plummer F.4 IRF-1 is a host immune regulator and a potential transcriptional activator of HIV-1 replication. We conclude that IRF-1 is an important determinant of host susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Lowered IRF-1 expression or response at early stage may be crucial in disrupting the establishment of HIV-1 infection and allow for the generation of an adaptive immune response which may contribute to resistance to HIV-1 infection. |
| MoAx0104 | CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL IMPACT OF HAART DURING ACUTE HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0104 Streeck H.1, Jessen H.2, Alter G.1, Teigen N.1, Waring M.1, Jessen A.2, Stahmer I.3, v.Lunzen J.3, Gao X.4, Lichterfeld M.1, Allen T.1, Carrington M.4, Walker B.1, Altfeld M.1, Rockstroh J.5 Our data suggest that despite a boosting of immunological functions and T cell maturation following 6 months of therapy in acute HIV-1 infection, this intervention had no impact on immunological control of HIV-1 replication. |
| MoAx0105 | COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF HIV-SPECIFIC IL-2 AND IFN- IMMUNE RESPONSES IN TREATMENT-NAĎVE INDIVIDUALS IN ACUTE INFECTION EARLY DISEASE (AIED) VERSUS LONG TERM NON PROGRESSORS (LTNP) AND INDIVIDUALS WITH PROGRESSIVE DISEASE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0105 Lubaki N.1, Peretz Y.1, Boisvert M.P.2, Boulassel R.1, Tremblay C.3, LeBlanc R.4, Rouleau D.5, Tsoukas C.1, Routy J.P.1, Bernard N.1 The specificity and hierarchy of HIV recognition in AIED differs from that of subjects with chronic infection. Both LTNP and subjects in AIED have HIV-specific IL-2 responses and these are associated with VL control. |
| MoAx02 | Crossing boundaries: migration and HIV |
| MoAx0201 | INTERSECTING SEXUALITY, GENDER, RACE AND CITIZENSHIP: MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES FACED BY IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN TORONTO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0201 Wong J.P.1, Li A.2, Chen Y.B.3, Kanagaratnam P.3, Yee S.3, Fung K.4, Roy Sen A.3 Service coordination, research on the mental health needs of I&R-PHAs, and policy analysis of HIV/AIDS in the contexts of migration, employment, health care access and systemic discrimination are critical to promoting health and reducing health disparity in this PHA subpopulation. |
| MoAx0202 | THE SILENT BULLET, THE UNFOUGHT WAR: HIV/AIDS AMONGST YOUNG PEOPLE IN CONFLICT SITUATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0202 Ochan W.1, Mugumya E.2, Nambooze R.2 Despite high level of awareness on HIV/AIDS, young people in conflict situations are constrained in practicing safer sex methods. Material and security needs, coupled with lack of HIV/AIDS services make them engage in involuntary, unprotected early sexual intercourse with soldiers, camp leaders, etc. Places were rapes take place are water points & night clubs. HIVAIDS intervention should be made part of emergency response, and mechanisms of dealing with child sex abuse in conflict situations should be instituted and/or enforced. |
| MoAx0203 | INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND HIV RISK AMONG MEXICAN GAY MEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0203 Carrillo H., Fontdevila J., Brown J. To fully understand HIV risk and safety among gay immigrant populations (particularly among those individuals whose motivations for migration are primarily sexual) and design appropriate interventions, we must pay close attention to their situations and sexual histories before relocation, their paths of international migration, and their processes of incorporation into gay life in host countries. |
| MoAx0204 | PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH INTO HIV/AIDS WITH AFRICAN COMMUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0204 Lemoh C.1, Hellard M.2, Street A.3, Biggs B.4 Social and epidemiological research into HIV/AIDS in immigrant or culturally diverse communities should involve members of the communities in order to improve the quality of the studies and the relevance of their findings. |
| MoAx0205 | OPTIMIZING HEALTH OUTCOMES IN HIV+ REFUGEES FROM SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA PRESENTING TO URBAN MEDICAL SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0205 Cyr J.1, Thompson D.1, Gilmore N.1, Duchesneau C.1, Ankouad A.2 A multidisciplinary team with a collaborative, skillful and culturally sensitive approach will intervene most effectively with this vulnerable population. Rapid assessment of psychosocial stressors and emotional adjustment via the involvement of medical, social work, mental health and pastoral services can help to enhance patients´ coping resources and optimal health outcomes. |
| MoAx03 | High Time to Deliver on Stigma and Discrimination |
| MoAx0301 | IMPACT OF UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON HIV STIGMA IN BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0301 Wolfe W.1, Weiser S.2, Leiter K.3, Steward W.2, Percy-de Korte F.3, Phaladze N.4, Iacopino V.3, Heisler M.5 Our findings support the hypothesis that ART access may be a key factor in reducing HIV stigma. Nevertheless, evidence of significant projected stigma suggests that HIV discrimination remains a significant concern despite expanded access and requires ongoing programmatic attention. |
| MoAx0302 | TIME TO MAKE HEALTH SERVICES SAFE FROM STIGMA: VOICES OF CANADIAN ABORIGINAL PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS AND HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0302 Jackson R.1, MacLean L.2, Leonard L.2, Mill J.3, Reintjes F.3, Austin W.3, Edwards N.2, Dumont-Smith C.4 HIV-related stigma continues to influence access and use of health services for APHAs. Recommendations are made for improving access/use of health services in a safe, trusting and culturally competent manner. |
| MoAx0303 | QUALITATIVE STUDY OF THE CHALLENGES TO SEEKING HEALTH CARE AMONG HIV-POSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN IN HO CHI MINH CITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0303 Bain Brickley D.1, Hanh D.L.D.2, Nguyet L.T.3, Giang L.T.4, Sohn A.5 Pregnant women with HIV in HCMC report fear of discrimination as a primary factor influencing the peripartum experience. Identifying infections earlier in pregnancy would help address fear of disclosure and facilitate access to medical interventions. Additional research should be conducted on the role of non-medical hospital staff in stigma and discrimination; in the meantime, HIV-related educational training should be provided to non-medical staff to promote acceptance and sensitivity. |
| MoAx0304 | ALL BECAUSE I AM POSITIVE – VIDEO DOCUMENTARY ON HIV-RELATED STIGMATIZATION OF PLWH IN NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0304 Oladapo O.1, Musa E.2, Garba S.3, Olotu B.4 Using audio-visual AIDS helps in facilitating better understanding of HIV/AIDS-related issues and problems by workshops and seminars participants. Video documentaries also help in portraying PLWH leaders as role models for others just learning about their HIV-positive status while demand for voluntary counseling and testing. |
| MoAx0305 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0305 Abstract unavailable at this time. Please check back. |
| MoAx04 | Immune Based Therapies |
| MoAx0401 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0401 Abstract unavailable at this time. Please check back. |
| MoAx0402 | A SINGLE DOSE OF GLYCOSYLATED RECOMBINANT SIMIAN IL-7 INDUCES TRANSIENT T CELL HOMING INTO LYMPH NODES, INCREASES PERIPHERAL NAÏVE AND MEMORY T CELL NUMBERS AND STIMULATES THYMIC FUNCTION IN HEALTHY RHESUS MACAQUES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0402 Beq S.1, Schilte C.1, Gautier D.1, Assouline B.2, Lavedan P.3, Montagutelli X.3, Brahic M.1, Cheynier R.1 The administration of a single dose of r-sIL-7gly both stimulates thymic function leading to enhanced RTE frequency and induces an increase of peripheral naïve and memory subset numbers in healthy Rhesus macaques, suggesting that r-humanIL-7gly might be used to help patient to recover from lymphopenia. |
| MoAx0403 | TREATMENT WITH RECOMBINANT HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE (R-HGH) LEADS TO INCREASED THYMIC OUTPUT IN HIV-INFECTED SUBJECTS WITH INCOMPLETE IMMUNE rRECONSTITUTION ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0403 Smith K.1, Zheng L.2, Bosch R.2, Margolis D.3, Tenorio A.1, Napolitano L.4, Pollard R.5, Connick E.6, Gross B.7, Frances I.7, Wang R.2, Muurahainen N.8, Stocker V.9, ACTG 5174 Protocol Team Treatment with r-hGH is associated with improved thymic output as measured by increases in naïve CD4 cells, thymus size and recent thymic emigrants. |
| MoAx0404 | COMPARING CD4+ T-CELL DECLINE DURING TREATMENT INTERRUPTION IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS WHO DID OR DID NOT RECEIVE THE CANDIDATE IMMUNOTHERAPY VACC-4X Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0404 Sommerfelt M.A.1, Wit F.W.N.M.2, Nyhus J.1, Kran A.-M.B.3, Baksaas I.4, Lange J.M.A.2, Sorensen B.1, Kvale D.3 This study suggests a significant benefit of the Vacc-4x immunotherapy intervention in terms of CD4+ T cell decline following CART interruption. However, these findings should be verified through a randomised prospective placebo-controlled clinical trial. These results nevertheless support the potential for immune-based strategies to sustain immunological fitness during prolonged treatment interruptions – in line with CD4-guided therapy - to reduce exposure to CART and its associated adverse side effects. |
| MoAx0405 | SAFETY OF VSSP AS IMMUNOPOTENTIATOR IN CUBAN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS TREATED WITH ANTIRETROVIRAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0405 Trujillo A.1, Abreu D.2, Diaz R.1, Rittoles A.1, Godinez M.C.1, Molina R.1, Borrero Y.1, Bebelagua Y.3, Garrido D.1, Rojas T.1, Urbino A.1, Serrano T.1, Cofat D.1, Calderon O.1, Nuñez F.1, Leal M.1, Gonzalez A.1, Trueba M.2, Carr A.3, Perez R.4, Fernandez L.E.3, Perez J.5 Our findings support the safety of VSSP + antiretroviral treatment in HIV/AIDS patients. |
| MoAx05 | Youth and HIV: What's Sex Got to Do With It? |
| MoAx0501 | GYP EGYPT; YOUTH-DRIVEN ADVOCACY-BASED SUCCESS STORY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0501 Shawer S. Young people should be allowed to plan for advocacy projects tackling their own issues. Financial support should be invested in youth-driven and youth designed advocacy plans. |
| MoAx0502 | USING HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS TO ASSESS HIV-PREVENTION PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH: A CASE STUDY OF UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0502 Cohen J.1, Tate T.2 HIV-prevention policies for young people should comply with international standards on the right to health information, which include the right to be informed of all effective methods of HIV prevention, including condoms. International human rights bodies should hold governments to account for restricting young people’s access to potentially life-saving information about condoms and safer sex. |
| MoAx0503 | HOW WELL DO KENYAN YOUTH UNDERSTAND ABC MESSAGES FOR HIV PREVENTION? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0503 Pulerwitz J.1, Lillie T.2, Apicella L.3, McCauley A.4, Nelson T.5, Ochieng S.6, Mwarogo P.6, Kunyanga E.7 HIV prevention programs incorporating ABC messages must clarify the ABC behaviors, particularly being faithful in the context of HIV prevention and consistent condom use. Terminology that is locally appropriate and clear should be used, and negative perceptions of condom use addressed. ABC messages should be combined with other interventions that address barriers to the behaviors, such as gender-based violence prevention. |
| MoAx0504 | EFFICACY OF AN ABSTINENCE-ONLY INTERVENTION OVER 24 MONTHS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL WITH YOUNG ADOLESCENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0504 Jemmott III J.B.1, Jemmott L.S.2, Fong G.T.3 Theory-based abstinence-only interventions have the potential to reduce sexual activity or delay sexual debut among young adolescents, without having adverse effects on condom use when adolescents initiate sexual activity. |
| MoAx0505 | CHALLENGES IN DIAGNOSIS DISCLOSURE TO HIV POSITIVE TEENAGERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoAx0505 Manescu N., Bobolea B.C. The young people living with HIV/AIDS and must be directly involved in programs regarding their peers. Their messages transmitted directly to other HIV/AIDS affected families are highly credible and have a strong impact on the parents who refuse diagnosis disclosure to their children. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| Track A | |
| MoPdA | siRNA Gene Therapy for HIV |
| MoPdA01 | USE OF MODIFIED U1snRNAs TO INHIBIT HIV-1 REPLICATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdA01 Sajic R., Lee K., Asai K., Cochrane A. We have identified several modified U1snRNA that are able to inhibit viral structural protein expression by as much as 95%. Maximal antiviral activity is dependent upon binding of U1 70K and Sm proteins, while loss of U1A binding to the U1snRNAs only reduced activity. The potential activity of this new strategy suggests that it may be possible to render cells expressing these constructs unable to support HIV replication. |
| MoPdA02 | POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL INHIBITION OF HIV-1 SUBTYPE C BY EXPRESSED LONG HAIRPIN RNAs TARGETED TO THE R AND U5 REGIONS OF THE LTR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdA02 Barichievy S.1, Carmona S.1, Crowther C.1, Saayman S.1, Morris K.2, Arbuthnot P.1, Weinberg M.1 As an index of the activation of interferon inducible genes, none of the lhRNAs induced expression of OAS1, MxA and IFN-ß mRNA concentrations. These data indicate that expressed lhRNAs are capable of inhibiting HIV-1 gene expression without eliciting an unwanted interferon response, and may have potential therapeutic application to counter viral escape. |
| MoPdA03 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdA03 Abstract unavailable at this time. Please check back. |
| MoPdA04 | siRNA RESTRICTION OF HIV-1 REPLICATION IS PRIMARILY DUE TO mRNA RATHER THAN GENOMIC RNA DEGRADATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdA04 Gao Y.1, Lobritz M.1, Roth J.2, Abreha M.1, Nankya I.1, Moore D.1, Abraha A.1, Nelson K.1, Gerson S.2, Arts E.1 HIV-1 genomic RNA is protected from siRNA degradation and the dominant effect of siRNA knockdown occurs at the level of mRNA. |
| MoPdA05 | PHASE II CLINICAL TRIAL DEMONSTRATES THE SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF MULTIPLE DOSES OF AUTOLOGOUS CD4+ T-CELLS TRANSDUCED WITH VRX496, A LENTIVIRAL VECTOR DELIVERING ANTI-HIV ANTISENSE IN PATIENTS FAILING 1 OR MORE HAART TREATMENT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdA05 Rebello T.1, Afable C.1, Callahan S.1, Humeau L.1, Chopra A.1, Lu X.1, Slepushkin V.1, Stein D.2, Steinhart C.3, Greenberg R.N.4, Zolopa A.5 Multiple doses of autolougous CD4+ T-cells transduced with a lentiviral vector appear to be safe and well tolerated. The clinical utility of lentiviral vector technology as an alternative for treatment of HIV infection continues to be explored. |
| MoPdA06 | SAFE AND SUSTAINABLE ANTI-HIV HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELL-DELIVERED ANTISENSE: FOLLOWUP THROUGH MONTH 60 FROM PHASE I TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdA06 Liu D.1, Dunn E.2, Unemori P.2, Eden C.2, Conant M.A.2, Cowan M.J.2 These results are an example of the survival at low levels of transduced CD34+ stem cells in nonablated subjects with sustainable transgene activity as well as the long term presence of engineered cells in the circulating progeny, i.e., CD34+ and CD4+ cells. |
| MoPdA07 | INHIBITION OF HIV-1 REPLICATION IN HUMAN T CELLS BY RNA INTERFERENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdA07 Meshcheryakova Y.1, Gashnikova N.1, Plyasunova O.1, Pokrovskaya N.1, Pokrovsky A.1, Petyovka N.2, Tchurikov N.2 Our experiments demonstrated significant inhibition of HIV-1 reproduction in cells containing expression vector constructions compared to relevant controls. The obtained results showed the potential ability of using these HIV-1 specific shRNA expression constructs for AIDS gene therapy. |
| MoPdA08 | INHIBITING HIV-1 BY AUGMENTING CELLULAR ANTIVIRAL PATHWAYS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdA08 Christensen H.1, Ong C.1, Chung S.1, Frankel L.2, Daher A.2, Laine S.2, Bannwarth S.2, Gatignol A.2, Purcell D.1 The vector-derived TRBP dsRNA yielded insufficient RNAi and did not reduce TRBP levels sufficiently to augment the PKR response to a degree that reduced HIV-1 expression. However, jointly targeting HIV Tat and TRBP with RNAi greatly enhanced the inhibition of HIV-1NL4.3 expression. Poor silencing activity of vectors targeting TRBP in HIV-1 infected cells appears to be linked to the silencing-suppressor activity of HIV-1 Tat. |
| Track B | |
| MoPdB | Morbility/Mortality in the HAART Era |
| MoPdB01 | RISK OF CLINICAL PROGRESSION OVER LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP IN A WIDE COHORT OF PATIENTS BY DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF VIRO-IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE ASSESSED AT MONTH 18. RESULTS OF THE ITALIAN MASTER COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdB01 Torti C.1, Paraninfo G.1, Casari S.1, Quiros Roldan E.1, Suter F.2, Maggiolo F.2, Quirino T.3, Migliorino G.3, Minoli L.4, Maserati R.4, Ghinelli F.5, Sighinolfi L.5, Mazzotta F.6, Lo Caputo S.6, Antinori A.7, Antonucci F.8, Pastore G.9, Ladisa N.9, Castelnuovo F.10, Tinelli C.11, De Silvestri A.11, Carosi G.1 Diagnosis of HIV infection, treatment before ADE and maintenance of high CD4+ T cell count induced by HAART remain important priorities protecting from AIDS morbidity and mortality over a long-term follow-up even in this cohort of patients who followed a first line HAART for at least 18 months. Viro-immunological trends over this initial period did not appear to influence subsequent clinical progression. |
| MoPdB02 | CAUSES OF SEVERE MORBIDITY IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS. AQUITAINE COHORT 2000-2004: THE IMPORTANCE OF BACTERIAL INFECTIONS, CARDIO-VASCULAR, DIGESTIVE, AND PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdB02 Bonnet F.1, Chêne G.2, Lawson-Ayayi S.2, Dupon M.3, Pellegrin J.-L.4, Thiébaut R.2, Morlat P.1, Groupe d'Epidemiologie Clinique du SIDA en Aquitaine Severe morbidity has shifted from AIDS-related to non AIDS-related causes. Ageing, co-morbidities (hepatitis, addictive behaviours) might explain this evolving distribution. Immunodepression, even moderate may also have a role in the development of non-AIDS morbidity. Limiting endpoints to AIDS events and death could be misleading in the interpretation of prognostic and therapeutic studies. |
| MoPdB03 | ATTRIBUTES TO DEATH OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS IN THE ERA OF HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdB03 Ho C.F., Cheng K.L.S., Wong K.H., Chan K.C.W. Only one-fourth of deaths in the HAART era resulted from AIDS. Beyond biomedical factors, one-fourth of deceased patients were late presenter of HIV diagnosis and half had poor adherence to medical follow-up and HAART. Both groups deserve special attention as their death may be avoidable. Interventions should be formulated to encourage early diagnosis, modify unfavourable behaviour and address psychosocial needs of HIV-infected persons. |
| MoPdB04 | PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY IN HIV-INFECTED ADULT AFRICAN PATIENTS RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdB04 Siika A.M.1, Wools-Kaloustian K.2, Kimaiyo S.N.1, Mwangi A.3, Diero L.O.1, Ayuo P.O.1, Owino-Ong'or W.D.1, Sidle J.E.4, Einterz R.M.4, Yiannoutsos C.5, Musick B.5, Tierney W.M.4 Patients on HAART who died were in poor health based on CD4 cell count and WHO Stage and often did so soon after initiation of therapy. |
| MoPdB05 | PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS INITIATING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN DURBAN, SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdB05 Ojikutu B.1, Zheng H.2, Walensky R.2, Lu Z.2, Losina E.2, Giddy J.3, Freedberg K.2 History of oral candidiasis and CD4 count <50/mm3 are independent predictors of mortality in patients initiating ART in Durban, South Africa. Further interventions to reduce mortality associated with these clinical markers should be developed and urgently implemented. |
| MoPdB06 | VERY LOW CD4 T CELL COUNTS AND LOW TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS AT INITIATION OF HAART ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A POOR OUTCOME IN THE FIRST 6 MONTHS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdB06 Mayanja-Kizza H.1, Lutwama F.2, Kamya M.3, Kikawa C.2, Spacek L.4, Quinn T.4 High mortality on HAART may be associated with late commencement of treatment at very low CD4 counts, where despite adequate treatment immune recovery lags behind virological suppression. Commencing HAART at earlier CD4 counts should be considered, even in resource limited countries to improve outcome. |
| Track C | |
| MoPdC | Women: Choosing When There is No Choice |
| MoPdC01 | DO ECONOMIC DEVELOPEMENT PROGRAMMES REDUCE VULNERABILITY TO HIV AND INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE (IPV): QUALITATIVE PERSPECTIVES FROM A PROSPECTIVE CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdC01 Phetla G.1, Busza J.2, Pronyk P.3, Kim J.2, Euripidou R.4, Hargreaves J.2, Morison L.2, Watts C.2, Porter J.2 Qualitative data suggests the intervention enhances self-sufficiency, self-confidence, and critical-thinking around issues including gender-based violence, gender roles and HIV/AIDS. There is evidence to support wider changes at the household and community level. Quantitative results will also be presented at the conference. |
| MoPdC02 | SEXUAL ASSAULT, SEXUAL RISKS, AND GENDER ATTITUDES AMONG SOUTH AFRICAN MEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdC02 Cain D.1, Simbayi L.C.2, Cherry C.1, Henda N.2, Kalichman S.1 These findings extend previous research to show that men who have a history of sexual assault also exhibit elevated risks for HIV/AIDS and that both sexual violence and HIV risk can be addressed in a single integrated intervention model. |
| MoPdC03 | POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS FOLLOWING SEXUAL ASSAULT IN CAPE TOWN: ADHERENCE AND HIV RISK BEHAVIOR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdC03 Roland M.1, Myer L.2, Chuunga R.3, Martin L.2, Maw A.2, Coates T.4, Denny L.2 Although overall PEP completion rates were high, adherence was often incomplete. Ongoing HIV risk behavior was common and probably resulted in new HIV acquisition. To improve HIV prevention services for sexual assault survivors, universal adherence interventions and targeted intensified HIV risk reduction counseling should be provided. |
| MoPdC04 | A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY OF UNIVERSAL OFFERING OF HIV-1 POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS IN SEXUAL ASSAULT VICTIMS/SURVIVORS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdC04 Loutfy M.1, MacDonald S.2, Myhr T.3, Humphries H.3, Du Mont J.3, Leeke T.3, Rachlis A.1 Since the universal counselling and offering of PEP to sexual assault victims/survivors in our study appears feasible and warranted, all jurisdictions should consider developing guidelines for this topic. Since we found that although high-risk clients accepted PEP at a greater rate than those at unknown-risk, equal numbers completed the course, a universal strategy for offering PEP should be considered. Since our completion rate was three times that reported in earlier studies, more rigorous follow-up should be considered by all programs. |
| MoPdC05 | MOTHERS´ PROTECTIVE VARIABLES AGAINST DAUGHTERS´ HIV RISK Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdC05 Dancy B.1, Crittenden K.2, Bowman M.1, Huang Z.1, Kennedy A.1, Spencer B.1, Starks A.1, HIV Risk Reduction The results suggest that mothers can be protective factors against daughters’ HIV risk. Health care providers should provide mothers with comprehensive, accurate information about HIV and help mothers to increase their own safer sex self-efficacy and intention to encourage daughters to avoid HIV risks. |
| MoPdC06 | DISTRIBUTING BARRIER METHODS FOR WOMEN: DETERMINANTS OF WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR MICROBICIDES, THE DIAPHRAGM AND THE FEMALE CONDOM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdC06 Terris-prestholt F.1, Kumaranayake L.1, Macphail C.2, Rees H.2, Watts C.1 Interest in the diaphragm and microbicides, which are likely to be less effective but more discrete than condoms, is higher among cohabitating women, a group known to lack long-term prevention options. This is reassuring for policymakers fearing condom migration. With careful price setting, it should be feasible to recover some of the costs of these products from women of higher SES. To reach lower income women, subsidised distribution is likely to be necessary. |
| Track D | |
| MoPdD | Enriching Community Mobilization: Not For But With People |
| MoPdD01 | PROMOTING GREATER INVOLVEMENT OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS (GIPA) IN MYANMAR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdD01 Naing Z.Z.1, Wah N.S.2, Lwin T.M.1, Eh D.1, Thida A.M.1 There are an estimated 339,000 to 832,000 PLHA in Myanmar. There are few projects addressing PLHA issues and PLHA involvement is low. A number of PLHA support groups have been formed but these are managed by international or local NGOs and networking among them is weak. |
| MoPdD02 | HIV YOUTH AMBASSADOR PROGRAMME - A COMMUNITY-LED RESPONSE TO HIV & AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdD02 Gurney L., MADaboutART Youth Ambassadors Young people have the capacity to input and should be involved in all stages of development and delivery of youth educational programmes. |
| MoPdD03 | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, SOCIAL MOBILIZATION AND ACCESS TO TREATMENT OF HIV/AIDS IN LATIN-AMERICAN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdD03 Kamel L., Maksud I., Raxach J.C., Pimenta C., Terto Jr. V., Molnar R. The Brazilian Interdisciplinary AIDS Association has been acting in the fight against the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the areas of prevention, advocacy, social mobilization, adherence to treatment and support to people living with HIV/AIDS, and monitoring of health policies. During 2004 and 2005, ABIA conducted case studies of Bolivia and Paraguay where most of the first line ARV medication is made available through donations under cooperation agreements of the Brazilian government. |
| MoPdD04 | VOLUNTARY SUPPORT GROUPS IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIVE OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdD04 Mello J.H. Voluntary support groups formed and directed by PLWHIV/AIDS appear to be an extremely cost-effective method to facilitate information exchange, enhance of knowledge, and promote self-steem, as well as foster and expand better social relationships. We intend to implant these support groups in our branches in order to inhance quality of life of PLWHA. |
| MoPdD05 | LESOTHO AND SWAZILAND: A TRADE UNION (CIVIL SOCIETY) RESPONSE TO THE WORKPLACE AND AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdD05 Ndlovu V.1, Mariel C.2 Unions must be lead actors in workplace AIDS to leverage workers’ trust and participation, to protect workers’ rights, and to build coalitions that stretch globally and reach across business, government, nongovernmental organizations, and communities. The lessons learned, relevant to all AIDS stakeholders, implementers, and decision-makers, are replicable in workplaces throughout the world. |
| MoPdD06 | MOBILIZING COMMUNITIES FOR THE CARE AND SUPPORT OF HIV/AIDS AFFECTED CHILDREN AND FAMILIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdD06 Tesfaye A. The CAC model of community mobilization, if replicated to other areas with some adaptation, can bring the same outcomes that would ensure sustainability of response. |
| Track E | |
| MoPdE | Double Jeopardy: Vulnerable Populations and HIV |
| MoPdE01 | HIV/AIDS AMONG DISPLACED POPULATIONS IN NORTH-WEST ZIMBABWE: AWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdE01 Araujo de Carvalho I.1, Stigter E.2, Voetem H.3, Haliman L.1 The study provides evidence of significant high risk sex, and the high impact of AIDS within the community. The findings indicate that food insecurity brought by displacement seems to be fuelling risky behaviours such as early marriages for women and intergenerational sex. The surveyed IDP group do not access government programmes within the context of addressing the persisting complex emergency in Zimbabwe. |
| MoPdE02 | USING A RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH TO PROMOTING THE ACCESS OF URBAN REFUGEES TO NATIONAL HIV/AIDS PROGRAMMES IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdE02 Bruns L.1, Groot F.J.2 Repeat training of health care providers due to high staff turnover is necessary. Census data on urban refugee combined with a sensitisation campaigns will ensure more refugees are reached. The approach outlined above could be adapted to other countries hosting urban refugees using a combination of rights-based advocacy and education. Using this approach, UNHCR continues to lobby for refugee access to government disability grants, which are currently limited to South Africans. |
| MoPdE03 | SECURITIZING HIV: PEACEKEEPING, POLITICS AND PERIL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdE03 Williams O., Rushton S. Securitization has had ramifications not only for how the disease is viewed, but for the policy initiatives of certain actors. Current international policy initiatives on these issue need rethinking, and further research on the possible distorting effects that the securitization has had on policy responses to the pandemic are indicated. |
| MoPdE04 | SHUTTING THE DOOR: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REFUGEE LAWS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INDIVIDUALS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdE04 Mangalji A. It is imperative to adapt legal advocacy skills to the particular burdens faced by HIV/AIDS refugees in different countries. |
| MoPdE05 | THE STIGMATISATION OF AIDS ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN IN SLUMS, GHETTOES, SHANTIES AND HARD-TO-REACH-COMMUNITIES IN LAGOS GET ATTENTION OF NIGERIAN YOUTHS -- A RESOLUTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL YOUTH DAY CELEBRATION (AUGUST 12, 2005) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdE05 Obi G. Government, international agencies to assist these communities wallowing in abject poverty instead of spending their scarce resources in doing programmes in the towns and cities where every body finds it very easy to operate. |
| MoPdE06 | HIV/AIDS AND PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES: INDIAN SCENARIO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdE06 Ghosh A. It is important therefore, to undertake various studies regarding sexual health and rights of the disabled population encompassing various facets of HIV/AIDS. It is also important that the disability policy along with other relevant policies converge with rights based approach. The need is to bring inter linkages amongst policies for inclusion of persons with disabilities. With reference to HIV/AIDS, the paper will discuss policies and programs of Govt. of India in relation to disabled population. |
| MoPdE07 | IMPROVING THE ACCESS TO HIV-TESTING AND TREATMENT AMONG VULNERABLE POPULATIONS FROM BRAZIL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPdE07 Malta M.1, Bastos F.1, Lima H.2, Monteiro M.3 Culturally sensitive interventions and low-threshold approaches (NEPs, NGOs, CBOs, peer education) are important strategies adopted in Brazil to reach/maintain IDUs and other at-risk populations under treatment. Those groups are frequently involved in high-risk networks, therefore by improving their health status and significantly reducing their HIV viral load – through effective ART – and fostering/maintain safer behaviors over time, we can reduce HIV transmission and improve their quality of life. |
| Key Challenges | |
| MoKC1 | Accelerate Research to End the Epidemic |
| MoKC101 | THE IMPACT OF ART ON HIV TRANSMISSION AMONG HIV SERODISCORDANT COUPLES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC101 Kayitenkore K.1, Bekan B.1, Rufagari J.1, Marion-Landais S.1, Karita E.1, Allen S.2, RZHRG Our analysis confirms that the benefit of ART goes beyond the expected effect on disease progression and life prolongation, with a protective effect on the negative partners. The ongoing up-scaling of ART could result in a considerable decrease in HIV incidence in the population when part of a comprehensive effort for treatment and prevention. However since most discordant couples have HIV+ partners who do not qualify for ARV(based on current guidelines), therefore from an epidemiologic standpoint ART will not significantly impact the spread of the epidemic. |
| MoKC102 | PHASE III TRIAL OF HIV PRIME-BOOST VACCINE COMBINATION IN THAILAND: COMPLETION OF THE SCREENING PHASE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC102 Rerks-Ngarm S.1, Pitisutthithum P.2, Nitayaphan S.3, Kim J.3, Kaewkungwal J.2, Gurunathan S.4, Gurwith M.5, Brown A.E.6, Khamboonrueng J.1, Thongcharoen P.1, Kunasol P.1 The world’s first efficacy trial of a prime-boost HIV vaccine combination started in September 2003. By December 2005, 16,402 Thai-adults (ages 18-30), were recruited through the health care system of the Ministry of Public Health. With the large number of volunteers and a long duration of follow-up, volunteer compliance to the scheduled trial appointments will be a real challenge. |
| MoKC103 | EQUIVALENT EARLY SUPPRESSION OF HIV-1 RNA LEVELS IN BREAST MILK AFTER RANDOMIZATION TO PERINATAL COMBINED ZDV/NEVIRAPINE VS. HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC103 Chung M.1, Lehman D.2, Kiarie J.3, Richardson B.1, Overbaugh J.2, Kinuthia J.4, Njiri F.4, John-Stewart G.1 Perinatal administration of ZDV/nevirapine was comparable to HAART in suppression of HIV-1 RNA in breast milk between 3 and 14 days postpartum. This may be attributable to nevirapine’s long half-life and high levels in breast milk despite single-dose administration. The additional benefit of 6 months of HAART for prevention of breast milk HIV-1 transmission may derive primarily from prevention of infections between 2 weeks and 6 months postpartum. |
| MoKC104 | TARGETED SCREENING CRITERIA FOR DETECTING ACUTE HIV INFECTION IN MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC104 Powers K.1, Miller W.1, Pilcher C.1, Mapanje C.2, Martinson F.2, Fiscus S.1, Chilongozi D.2, Namakhwa D.2, Gama S.2, Price M.1, Galvin S.1, Hoffman I.1, Cohen M.1 Using this model, we would have detected 20/21 AHI cases by screening only 40% of persons receiving VCT. Selective criteria could substantially reduce the number of tests needed for reliable identification of AHI in resource-limited settings. |
| MoKC2 | Expanding Human Resource to Scale up Prevention and Treatment I |
| MoKC201 | INTEGRATING HIV PRIMARY CARE INTO MCH CLINICS – A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK & EARLY EXPERIENCES IN KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC201 Kayita J.1, Mbori-Ngacha D.2, Nolan K.3, Cherutich P.4, Yonga I.5, Ojoo S.4, ANECCA Steering Committee This experience highlights one response to reverse the unacceptably poor outcomes for HIV-infected infants and young children. Beyond increasing access to services at lower levels, decentralization of pediatric HIV services must take into account facility-level decentralization. This approach requires significant investments, which must be supported at the highest level. |
| MoKC202 | PREVENTION AND CARE OF ORPHANS THROUGH SCALING UP FAMILY CENTERED CARE CONTINUUM SERVICES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC202 Vijayakumar S.1, Costanza P.2, Tarakeshwar N.3, Jagadeesan M.1, Sathishkumar A.4, Srinivas G.5, Raghavan S.4 For building sustainable large-scale orphan prevention programs, partnership with the government is critical. Public-private partnerships are essential for technical, implementing and monitoring assistance and in meeting the multifaceted needs of families with children. Simpler multi-sectoral program delivery models need to be evaluated in resource-constrained settings. |
| MoKC203 | SCREENING FOR TUBERCULOSIS (TB) IN HIV VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING (VCT) SERVICES IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC203 Jham M.1, Levy J.1, Kancheya N.2, Pankratz D.1, Kaminsa-Kabanje S.1, Jurkuvenas V.3, Kimerling M.4, Reid S.1 In settings of high TB and HIV prevalence, routine PTB screening in VCT centers is feasible and important to identify early the high percentage of respiratory symptomatic patients who otherwise would be missed. In our setting, despite symptom screening in HIV-infected individuals with a high risk of TB, smears yielded very few confirmed TB diagnoses. This suggests a strategy that includes more sensitive TB culture should be prioritized as part of the diagnostic work up for identifying PTB smear-negative co-infected patients. |
| MoKC204 | ADVANTAGES OF INTEGRATING HIV CARE, TREATMENT AND SUPPORT SERVICES INTO ROUTINE DISTRICT HEALTH CENTER SERVICES: THE VIETNAM EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC204 Ngoc Son V.1, Hoang Anh M.2, Van Tam H.3, Phuoc Hai N.3, Ngoc Phinh V.1 HIV care, treatment and support should be integrated in DHC services wherever possible to maximize health care facility support, reduce costs and to reduce stigma and discrimination. |
| MoKC3 | Mobilization of Affected Communities in Eastern Europe |
| MoKC301 | INJECTING RISK BEHAVIOR AND HCV PREVALENCE AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS INCLUDING WOMEN SEX WORKERS IN BARNAUL, RUSSIAN FEDERATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC301 Maximova S., Goncharova N., Sterlyadeva N. The research carried out is significant not just at a scientific level, but also from a practical point of view since it increases awareness of IDUs’ behaviour as being one of the most important indices of risk, as it reflects the potential danger of a large-scale spread of HIV and HCV and sexually transmitted infections in society. The information obtained is significant for developing policies and carrying out effective preventative treatment intervention, and also for the programme for harm reduction. |
| MoKC302 | DISCRIMINATION AND THE IMPACT OF SEROPOSITIVITY STATUS ON ADULTS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC302 Lazar F.1, Blaglosov A.G.1, Constantin C.1, Erscoiu S.M.2 The HIV status and the perception of potential discrimination is leading to reduced social interactions, low take up rates of non-confidential social entitlements and uncertainty over the future. |
| MoKC303 | NGO RECOMMENDATIONS TO IMPROVE EU'S RESPONSES TO HIV/AIDS IN EUROPE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC303 Simon A.W.1, Trenado E.2 The European Commission (EC) recently renewed it commitment to “combating HIV/AIDS within the European Union and in the neighbouring countries” (EC Communication, 15/12/05). EC promises notably “to strengthen the involvement of civil society in all aspects of the response to the epidemic”. Specific reforms with regards to the capacity of EC to effectively fund NGO initiatives are needed to ensure these new promises will be kept. |
| MoKC304 | IS SOCIAL MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE WITH HIV EVEN POSSIBLE IN RUSSIA? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC304 Nedzelskiy N. There is urgent need for rapid development of complex direct services for PLWHA with accent on consultations and information provision. Funds should support more primary psychosocial support, than “advanced” community projects. ASOs need extensive education on stigma issues and PLWHA involvement, as long as support in development of GIPA policies. HIV-activists need education programs on project planning and management, fundraising and advocacy. |
| MoKC4 | Civil Society Participation: Shaping National Policy |
| MoKC401 | UNGASS MONITORING: A JOINT CONSTRUCTION BETWEEN THE BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT AND THE CIVIL SOCIETY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC401 Chequer P.1, Simão M.1, Cortes J.1, Civil Society Organizations in Brazil C.2 The necessity of deepening the knowledge of the commitments stated within the UNGASS Declaration for the Civil society; the possibility of working together aiming at a wider mobilization among sectors for an even better national response and the certification that the Brazilian Government has endeavored to respond to HIV/AIDS as fast as possible taking into account the national diversity and the social, cultural and political aspects of the country. Inclusiveness, democracy and solidarity are fundamental ingredients for a reasonable HIV/AIDS Response. |
| MoKC402 | PERU IN-COUNTRY MONITORING AND EVALUATION REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY SPECIAL SESSION DECLARATION OF COMMITMENT: A SHADOW REPORT FROM THE CIVIL SOCIETY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC402 Cabello R., Valverde R. This experience needs to be repeated annually. Furthermore, the results will have to be made public on different web sites, and additionally, it is important that experiences of other regions be discussed and exchanged. |
| MoKC403 | HUMAN RIGHTS AND HIV/AIDS PROGRAMMING IN VIETNAM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC403 Nguyen T.N., Huynh T.T. Targeting support to government institutions to facilitate participatory approaches to “policy feedback” is a useful strategy for advancing democracy in Vietnam. INGOs (International Non-Government Organisations) and donors have a catalytic role to play in stimulating understanding of human rights through work on HIV/AIDS. Strengthening the capacity of emerging civil society organisations gives a voice to HIV positive people. Greater exposure of Vietnamese policy makers and community based organisations to international best practices around HIV/AIDS policy and programming will strengthen commitment to institutional change and help to lead efforts to change perceptions and norms. |
| MoKC404 | BEYOND IMPLEMENTATION: STRENGTHENING CIVIL SOCIETY DIALOGUE IN THE WORLD BANK’S MULTI-SECTORAL AIDS PROJECT IN EAST AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC404 S. Harman Open dialogue forums at regional and national level; greater donor transparency; strengthening government agency capacity; increased access to information; coordination; structured feedback mechanisms; and a broader conception of civil society. |
| MoKC405 | CONCASIDA COORDINATING COMMITTEE: A CENTRAL AMERICAN EXPERIENCE OF MULTI-SECTORAL INTEGRATION AND NETWORKING TO STREAMLINE THE RESPONSE TO HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC405 Nuñez C.A. This initiative is still young and will require nurturing from both members and sponsor technical and financial partners. The foreseen results will make it worth the effort. |
| MoKC5 | Scaling Up: Lessons from the Front Line |
| MoKC501 | DECENTRALIZATION, SCALING-OUT ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT TO HEALTH CENTRES IN A RURAL DISTRICT IN MALAWI PROCESS, PROGRESS AND LESSONS LEARNT AFTER TWO YEARS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC501 Massaquoi M.1, Fitzgerald M.2, Samura F.1, Nalikunkgwi R.1, Teck R.1, zachariah@internet.lu R.3, Harries A.4 Progressive ART decentralization to health centres in rural settings is an inevitable reality to promote access, ensure long term adherence and the quality of care. Embarking on decentralisation strategies is pivotal in the efforts towards trying to achieve “Universal ART Access”. |
| MoKC502 | PROVIDING CONTINUUM OF CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH DUAL TB/HIV INFECTIONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC502 Kulsharova A.1, Hausner D.1, Khodakevich L.1, Deryabina A.1, Seledtsov V.2 CAPACITY continues involvement in the implementation, monitoring, and supervision of the models of TB and HIV service integration in Central Asian countries. Following rigorous model evaluation, successful models will be promoted for national scale-up. |
| MoKC503 | IMPLEMENTATION OF PMTCT POLICIES AND PROGRAMS IN EAST, CENTRAL & SOUTHERN AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC503 Onyango S.1, Mwikali T.2, Chebet K.3 PMTCT is a priority intervention as evidenced by the policies and guidelines being in place. However, they need to reviewed to address the four strategic prongs of comprehensive PMTCT and operationalised in order to have a greater impact on the programs. |
| MoKC504 | DIAGNOSTIC HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING OF TB PATIENTS IN KINSHASA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO: FROM PILOT PROJECT TO EVIDENCE-BASED POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND ROLL-OUT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoKC504 Van Rie A.1, Sabue M.2, Vanden Driessche K.2, Behets F.1, Kokolomani J.3, Bahati E.4 As a next step, monitoring, and evaluation of the program in Kinshasa, aimed at counseling and testing 5000 TB patients in 2006, will identify barriers to diagnostic CT as a routine program activity at primary healthcare level and further refine the training manual. |
| Poster Exhibitions | |
| Track A – Biology and Pathogenesis of HIV | |
| MoPE0001 | THE ROAD TO FINDING POTENT HIV-1 ENTRY INHIBITORS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM REQUIREMENTS FOR BMS-806 BINDING TO HIV-1 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0001 N. Madani1, A. Hubicki2, D. Ng3, A. Smith3, J. Sodroski1 Identification of new residues important for BMS-806 binding provides significant new insights into BMS-806 envelope interaction. Together with our previous studies, these results point to a conformation within gp120 that is critical for BMS-806 binding, providing useful information for rational drug design. |
| MoPE0002 | ENVELOPE DETERMINANTS OF HIGHLY EFFICIENT MACROPHAGE-TROPISM AND NEUTRALIZATION SENSITIVITY CONFERRED BY A BRAIN DERIVED HIV-1 ENVELOPE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0002 Duenas-Decamp M.J., Peters P.J., Clapham P.R. Macrophage-tropism of B33 brain envelope was mainly determined by C2-C3 env region. N283 and C3-C5 env region contributed to lesser extents. B12 sensitivity mapped to C3-C5. Thus, envelope determinants of macrophage-tropism are mainly distinct from those conferring neutralization sensitivity. Our results do not support a role for CD4bs nabs as a selective force for evolution of macrophage-tropic variants in brain. |
| MoPE0003 | IDENTIFICATION OF NEW ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS TARGETING HIV-1 ENTRY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0003 Janvier S.1, Hamdan F.2, Bouvier M.2, Heveker N.1 This compound could serve as a new lead structure for the development of new molecules with higher CCR5 affinity. |
| MoPE0004 | SIALOGLYCOPROTEIN (Sgp) PATTERN AND SIALYLTRANSFERASE (ST) ACTIVITY OF HIV-1 IN ACUTELY INFECTED CELLS UNDER INHIBITION OF GLYCOSYLATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0004 Gavazova R.1, Ivanov S.1, Ivanov D.1, Raleva S.2, Froloshka L.2, Genova P.3, Dundarova D.3, Argirova R.2 Higher inhibition of glycosylation by Tu in MT-2 cells compared to MT-2/HIV probably confers the higher inhibition of sialylation and the changes in Sgp profiles of Tu treated cells. The differing effect of equal concentrations of Tu on glycosylation in MT-2 and MT-2/HIV under experimental conditions might at least partially explain already described viral escape in HIV-infected persons by changes in glycosylation. |
| MoPE0005 | POLYMORPHISM OF CCR5 AND CCR2 GENES ASSOCIATED WITH HIV-1 RESISTANCE IN MONGOLIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0005 Amarjargal Y.1, Munkhtuvshin N.2, Lkhagvasuren T.3, Baigalmaa C.4, Kim K.-W.5, Tumanov A.6, Kazennova E.6, Bobkova M.6 This data are the first findings on the frequencies of CCR5delta32 and CCR2-64I alleles in Mongolian population. The absence of HIV-1 in Mongolia is scarcely not caused by genetic polymorphisms of CCR5 in the population of the country. Results also suggest that the CCR2-64I mutation is sufficiently common in Mongolians and may cause slower HIV infection progression in Mongolia. |
| MoPE0006 | HIV-1 CO-RECEPTOR TROPISM CHANGES OVER TIME IN DRUG NAÏVE PATIENTS IN THE ABSENCE OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0006 K. Kitrinos1, D. Irlbeck1, T. Bonny1, K. Frusciante1, D. Thorpe2, R. Mickalites1, J. Demarest1 The majority of drug-naïve HIV-1 infected patients in this study harbored R5-tropic virus at the population level and had a stable virus tropism over one to three months. A subset of patients demonstrated a change in tropism readout over time without a consistent pattern. Changes in the tropism readouts observed in the absence of therapy may be explained by limitations in the sensitivity of current tropism testing, as well as by the dynamics of the HIV quasispecies over time. As such, the clinical utility of the tropism assay remains to be determined. |
| MoPE0007 | ANALYSIS OF THE CCR5 GENE T303A POLYMORPHISM IN MAYAN AND MESTIZO POPULATIONS OF YUCATAN, MEXICO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0007 I. Quintal-Ortiz, N. Valadez-González, N. Pavía-Ruz, R.A. Góngora-Biachi, D. Lara-Perera, L.G. Alonzo-Salomón We identified the T303A polymorphism of CCR5 gene for the first time in Mestizo population of Yucatan. |
| MoPE0008 | THE ABSENCE OF INI1/HSNF5 DURING INTEGRATION AFFECTS THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF HIV-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0008 Boese A.1, Nehrbass U.2, Sommer P.1 The tumour suppressor integrase interactor 1 (Ini1/hSNF5/BAF47/SMARCB1), a core subunit of mammalian ATP-dependent SWI/SNF chromatin-remodelling complexes, was initially discovered as an interaction partner of the HIV-1 integrase. Shortly after Retroviral challenge, the nuclear Ini1/hSNF5 and promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein translocate to the cytoplasm and co-localizes with HIV-1 pre-integration complexes before nuclear migration. |
| MoPE0009 | THE K65R/L74V AND K65R/M184V MUTATIONS IN HIV-1 RT DECREASE VIRAL REPLICATION CAPACITY AND IMPAIR SYNTHESIS OF EARLY REVERSE TRANSCRIBED DNA PRODUCTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0009 Frankel F., Invernizzi C., Oliveira M., Wainberg M. Diminished viral RC of K65R/L74V- and K65R/M184V-containing viruses correlates with reduced synthesis of early reverse transcribed DNA products. Synthesis of (-)ssDNA plays a rate-limiting step in the virus life cycle. |
| MoPE0010 | HIV-1 TAR ELEMENT IS PROCESSED BY DICER TO YIELD A VIRAL miRNA THAT CONTRIBUTES TO VIRAL LATENCY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0010 Klase Z.1, Kale P.2, Mied L.2, Kashanchi F.2 HIV-1 TAR element is processed to yield a viral miRNA. This miRNA is capable of suppressing viral gene expression through interaction with the LTR. That Dicer is not present in monocytes and that expression of the viral miRNA is lost upon activation of high levels of transcription suggest that the TAR derived miRNA may play a role in latent infection of CD4+ T cells. |
| MoPE0011 | IMPACTS OF NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN MUTATIONS ON HIV-1 GENOMIC RNA DIMERIZATION: A 10-FOLD INCREASE IN AVAILABLE DATA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0011 J. Kafaie, R. Song, M. Laughrea We have obtained the first demonstration of a role of the linker mutations and of F1 mutations in HIV-1 gRNA dimerization, and the first demonstration of the inadequacy of NCp15 in fully maturing the gRNA dimer. |
| MoPE0012 | POLYMORPHISM IN MDR-1 ALLELES ASSOCIATED WITH VIROLOGICAL EFFICACY IN NAÏVE HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS TREATED WITH NONBOOSTED PI-CONTAINING HAART REGIMENS BUT NOT IN THOSE TREATED WITH BOOSTED PI-CONTAINING REGIMENS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0012 X. De la Tribonniere1, F. Broly2, S. Burban Deuffic3, L. Bocket4, A. Cheret1, F. Ajana1, N. Houdret2, Y. Mouton1, Y. Yazdanpanah5 Our results emphasize on the fact that MDR-1 SNP in exon 26 may be associated with virological efficacy in HIVinfected patients treated with non-boosted PI-containing regimens but not with boosted PI-containing regimens. This may be related to higher concentrations achieved with boosted PIs. |
| MoPE0013 | DYNAMIC INTERACTION OF HIV-1 NEF WITH THE CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTIC PATHWAY AT THE PLASMA MEMBRANE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0013 S. Benichou1, A. Burtey1, J. Rappoport2, J. Bouchet3, S. Basmaciogullari3, J. Guatelli4, S. Simon2, A. Benmerah3 This dynamic analysis shows that Nef is recruited into CCPs and forming CCVs at the plasma membrane, and that this localization is required for the Nef-induced internalization of CD4. These results are in agreement with a model in which Nef uses the clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway to induce internalization of CD4 molecules from the plasma membrane. |
| MoPE0014 | ACETYLATED TAT REGULATES HIV-1 SPLICING THROUGH ITS INTERACTION WITH THE SPLICING REGULATOR, P32 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0014 R. Berro1, K. Kehn2, C. de la Fuente2, A.M. Colberg-Poley3, F. Kashanchi2 In this study, we demonstrated a model in which AcTat interacts with p32 and inhibits HIV-1 splicing by affecting phosphorylation of the splicing factor ASF/SF-2. |
| MoPE0015 | SUBSTITUTION OF RGD SEQUENCE PRESENT IN SECOND EXON OF HIV-1 TAT OF SUBTYPE B WITH QGD SEQUENCE PRESENT IN THE INDIAN SUBTYPE-C ISOLATE RESULTS IN LOWER HIV-1 LTR MEDIATED TRANSCTIVATION POTENTIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0015 A. Banerjea, V. Sood, N. Gupta, Virology Group RGD sequence present in the second exon of subtype B contributes to enhanced transactivation probably by exploiting this cell adhesion motif. |
| MoPE0016 | NITRIC OXIDE AND NEURAL DAMAGE IN ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0016 K. Shevchenko, Y. Zadorin, O. Zadorina This suggests that astrocytes may be an important source of NO production due to dysregulated iNOS expression and may constitute one arm of the host response resulting in suppression of HIV-1 replication in the brain. It also leads us to speculate that neurologic damage observed in HIV disease may ensue from prolonged, high level production of NO. |
| MoPE0017 | ASSOCIATIONS OF HLA-DRB ALLELES WITH RESISTANCE/SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HIV-1 INFECTION IN THE PUMWANI SEX WORKER COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0017 P. Lacap1, J. Huntington1, M. Luo2, J. Ndinya-Achola3, S. Njenga3, J.B. Bwayo3, S. Ramdahin4, T. Bielawny1, J. Rutherford4, L. Slaney4, J. Kimani3, C. Wachihi3, E.N. Ngugi5, F.A. Plummer6 We identified two DRB alleles, DRB1*1102 and DRB1*130201, as well as two DRB1-DRB3 haplotypes, DRB1*1102-DRB3*020201 and DRB1*130201-DRB3*030101 that are associated with resistance to HIV-1 infection. Our findings provide additional support that HLA class II-specific CD4+ responses are important in resistance to HIV-1 infection. |
| MoPE0018 | POPULATIONAL HIV-1 ADAPTATION TO HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN (HLA) CLASS I-MEDIATED SELECTIVE PRESSURES: EVIDENCE FOR GENE-SPECIFIC EFFECTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0018 Z. Brumme, C. Brumme, C. Chui, T. Mo, W. Dong, C. Woods, B. Wynhoven, R. Hogg, J. Montaner, P.R. Harrigan Differential contributions of HLA selective pressures on population HIV sequence diversity were observed across genetic regions (Nef>PR/RT>V3), consistent with the level of HLA-restricted, CTL-mediated selective pressure on these genes over the course of infection. The patterns of HIV genetic evolution are relatively consistent among individuals sharing HLA alleles, and may thus be predictable in nature. Results have implications for the future design of CTL-based therapeutic and/or preventative vaccines. |
| MoPE0019 | TNF MICROSATELLITE ALLELES MAY CONFER PROTECTION AGAINST THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIPODYSTROPHY IN BRAZILIAN AIDS PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0019 A.P. Fernandes1, M. Silva1, R. Simões2, E. Casteli2, M. Tesin1, A. Machado2, E. Donadi2 Taken together, these results indicate that the TNF region may participate in lipodystrophy development and the TNFa2, a5 and a8 may be considered as a protection factor for lipodystrophy. |
| MoPE0020 | HLA-G ALLELES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HIV-1 IN KENYAN SEX-TRADE WORKERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0020 W. Turk1, M. Luo2, T. Bielawny1, J. Kimani3, J. Ndinya-Achola3, F. Plummer4 Our study showed that HLA-G plays an important role in resistance/susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Since HLA-G is important in mucosal and inflammatory responses, further studies will be conducted to better understand HLA-G and mucosal defence. |
| MoPE0021 | HOMOZIGOSITY FOR THE PROMOTER VARIANT XAXA IN THE MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN (MBL2) GENE IS A GENETIC DETERMINANT OF SUSCEPTIBILITY TO PEDIATRIC HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0021 A. Mangano1, C.A. Rocco1, F. Genre1, D. Mecikovsky2, S. Marino1, P. Aulicino1, R. Bologna2, L. Sen1 Our results showed that homozygosity for XAXA genotype is highly associated with an increased risk of acquiring HIV-1 and rapid rate of disease progression to pediatric AIDS, which could be related to an impaired activity of the protein. |
| MoPE0022 | THE INFLUENCE OF HLA CLASS II ANTIGENS ON MOTHER-CHILD HIV TRANSMISSION AT BIRTH Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0022 M. Luo1, J. Embree2, S. Ramdahin2, T. Bielawny3, T. Laycock2, J. Tuff3, D. Haber2, J. Ndinya-Achola4, S. Njenga4, J.B. Bwayo4, M. Plummer2, J. Ottenson2, C. Piech2, F.A. Plummer5 DRB concordance increases the risk of perinatal HIV transmission. Mothers with DRB1*1503 genotype were more likely to transmit the virus to their children. Alloimmunity by DRB discordance plays an important role in mother-child HIV transmission at birth. |
| MoPE0023 | UPREGULATION OF APOBEC 3G AND APOBEC 3F IN HIV-EXPOSED BUT UNINFECTED INDIVIDUALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0023 L. Piacentini1, M. Biasin1, S. Lo Caputo2, Y. Kanari3, G. Magri1, D. Trabattoni1, V. Naddeo1, F.R. Fasano1, C. Bergamaschi1, L. Lopalco4, A. Clivio5, E. Cesana5, F. Mazzotta2, M. Miyazawa3, M. Clerici1 These data suggest that the higher quantities of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F found in ESN could play a role in amplifying and strengthening resistance to HIV-1 infection in vivo. |
| MoPE0024 | HLA CLASS II DP AND DQ ALLELES ASSOCIATED WITH RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HIV-1 INFECTION IN KENYAN SEX TRADE WORKERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0024 R.-A. Hardie1, B. Bruneau2, E. Knight2, C. Semeniuk2, K. Gill1, T. Bielawny2, K. Joshua3, C. Wachihi4, E. Ngugi4, M. Luo1, F. Plummer5 The significant associations of several DP and DQ alleles with resistance /susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort further confirm the importance of CD4+ T cells in anti-HIV-1 immunity. |
| MoPE0025 | M 1 AND M 2 ACTIVATION OF MACROPHAGES RESULTS IN DIFFERENTIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TO R5 AND X4 HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0025 E. Cassol, M. Alfano, G. Poli Uncommitted macrophages are more prone to support productive R5 infection, whereas M1-activated MDMs showed a limited capacity to support X4 virus replication. The decrease in virus production following activation was due to both CD4 down regulation and alternative post-entry mechanisms. |
| MoPE0026 | SPECIFIC HLA-B ALLELES WHICH INFLUENCE UNTREATED HIV-1 DISEASE PROGRESSION DO NOT APPEAR TO AFFECT RESPONSE TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0026 C. Brumme, C. Chui, C. Woods, B. Wynhoven, R. Hogg, J. Montaner, P.R. Harrigan, Z. Brumme HLA-B*5701, B*27, B22 and B*35P(x) appear to have no influence on therapeutic outcomes in individuals initiating HAART. HAART outcomes may be influenced by a different set of HLA-B alleles than untreated outcomes. |
| MoPE0027 | FUNCTIONAL AND PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CD8+ T CELLS TO DOMINANT AND SUB-DOMINANT EPITOPES IN SUBTYPE C HIV- 1-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0027 V. Morafo1, P. Mohube1, P. Mokgotho1, H. Maila1, N. Martinson2, G. Gray2, J. McIntyre2, G. de Bruyn2, C. Williamson3, C. Gray1 We identified a phenotype of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells that expressed IFN-? and functionally possessed cytolytic potential to less dominantly recognized epitopes. Our data suggest that CD8+ T cells that recognize sub-dominant epitopes in subtype C HIV-1 infection may have greater functional capacity than those recognizing immunodominant epitopes. |
| MoPE0028 | NK AND NKT CELLS IMMUNOPHENOTYPE IN HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0028 E. Konsta1, K. Psarra2, V. Kapsimali2, O. Georgiou3, V. Papastamopoulos3, A. Skoutelis3, C. Papasteriades2 Increased expression of adhesion molecules, decreased expression of activation markers on HIV(+) patients' NK and NKT cells, as well as their correlation with CD4 cell number found to this study, seem to indicate the importance of NK and NKT cells immunophenotyping for the assessment of the patients' immune status. |
| MoPE0029 | PREVALENCE OF LACTOFERRIN (LF) AND SECRETORY LEUKOCYTE PROTEASE INHIBITOR (SLPI) IN THE GENITAL TRACT AND THE INFLUENCE OF CONCURRENT VAGINOSIS IN WOMEN AT BOTH LOW AND HIGH RISK FOR HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0029 R.M. Novak1, R. Hershow2, H.Y. Chen2, P. Graham1, L. Boksa1, C.B. Mulder3, A. Landay3 Higher Lf concentrations observed in high risk women and positive correlations with leukocytes and vaginoses is consistent with a leukocyte byproduct, and greater genital tract inflammation observed in this cohort. Reduced SLPI levels during BV infection is consistent with increased HIV risk seen with BV. |
| MoPE0030 | DO NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES AGAINST HIV-1 ARISE FROM AUTOANTIBODY PRECURSORS? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0030 X. Wang1, S. Sze Tsun Wu1, M. Montero1, D.R. Richman2, S. Little2, K. Scott1 MAbs 2F5 and 4E10 bind to the autoantigen CL with much lower affinity compared to their cognate gp41 epitopes. This is different from autoantibodies, which bind most strongly to their cognate autoantigens. Our serum data, showing no increase in CL reactivity in serum samples taken from the same individual over time, argues against the hypothesis that HIV-1 infection causes emergence of autoimmune antibodies. However, this hypothesis, which suggests that an autoimmune state is required before neutralizing antibody responses against HIV-1 can be mounted, requires much further investigation. |
| MoPE0031 | GP120-DERIVED CD4 CHIMERAS USEFUL MOLECULES TO EXPOSE AND STRONGLY INCREASE THE CD4-INDUCED EPITOPE RECOGNITION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0031 J. Gajardo1, D. Misse1, A. Martinez1, F. Roquette2, M. Pugniere2, D. Bray3, F. Veas1 The ability to bind the HIV receptors was also evaluated. Both proteins bound to CCR5 as well as the gp120-sCD4 complex, but did not bind to CD4 receptor. Further, pseudovirus expressing chimeric proteins were able to bind CD4i MAb, demonstrating that CD4i epitopes are properly exposed at the surface. Thus, these chimeric proteins have the ability to mimic most of the properties of the gp120-CD4 complex, representing a good candidate for the development of a safe and effective vaccine. We are currently testing their capacity to elicit an effective immune response. |
| MoPE0032 | IDENTIFICATION OF PEPTIDES SPECIFIC OF THE IGA OF LONG TERM NON PROGRESSORS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0032 S. Deroo1, M. Vausort1, J.-M. Plesséria1, S. Delhalle1, N. Beaupain1, M. Counson1, J.-C. Schmit2 To obtain an efficient HIV-1 vaccine both humoral and cell mediated immunity are required. However, the induction of a broadly neutralising antibody response remains difficult. The identification of epitopes/mimotopes that recognise human neutralising antibodies is crucial to develop new approaches to build effective immunogens. The objective of the present study was to identify mimotopes of HIV-specific IgA present in the plasma of long term non progressors (LTNP). |
| MoPE0033 | HIV IMPAIRS PHAGOCYTIC CLEARANCE OF PLACENTAL MALARIA VARIANTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED MALARIA IN COINFECTED WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0033 J. Keen1, K. Ayi2, S. Patel1, L. Serghides3, K.C. Kain3 HIV infection impairs opsonic phagocytic clearance of placental CSA-binding parasites in multigravid women, representing a novel mechanism by which HIV may increase the susceptibility of multigravid women to pregnancy-associated malaria. |
| MoPE0034 | HIV-SPECIFIC T CELL RESPONSES IN CHRONIC PAEDIATRIC INFECTION DURING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (CONTINUOUS AND STRUCTURED TREATMENT INTERRUPTION) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0034 S. Reddy CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) are important in HIV-1 viral control. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest number of individuals infected with HIV-1, with limited treatment programmes available. Structured Treatment Interruption (STI) has been successful in acutely infected subjects. |
| MoPE0035 | MEMORY HIV-SPECIFIC CD8+ T CELL RESPONSES AND CORRELATIONS WITH CLINICAL STATUS IN A KENYAN COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0035 L. McKinnon1, B. Ball1, C. Wachihi2, E. Irungu2, M. Luo1, R. Kaul3, K. Fowke1, F. Plummer1 Several conserved, HLA-diverse Env epitopes were found to be immunogenic in this cohort. Epitope mapping by proliferation versus IFNγ as an immunological readout suggests there are differences between these assays, and that proliferation may be a better predictor of clinical status. Future analyses of CD8+ T cell responses to HIV need to consider the immunological complexity of this response. |
| MoPE0036 | CHARACTERIZING CTL SUCCESS AND FAILURE IN HLA B*57 HIV-1-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0036 F.J. Ibarrondo1, R. Kilpatrick1, R. Shih1, R. Detels2, C.R. Rinaldo, Jr.3, O.O. Yang1, B.D. Jamieson1 Our results show that in early infection, HLA-B*57-restricted CTL from LTNP preferentially target high entropy epitopes within structural proteins, integrase and conserved epitopes (e.g., IW9). Our results suggest that differential CTL targeting early in infection confer a protective advantage to LTNP. |
| MoPE0037 | CIRCULATING IL-2 AND IFN-γ PRODUCING SPECIFIC CD4 T CELLS IN HIV(+) INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERENT LEVEL OF VIRAL CONTROL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0037 K. Tsalimalma1, S. Solakidi1, A. Dimitrakopoulou1, T. Kordossis2, H. Choremi-Papadopoulou1 Control of HIV replication in absence of therapy was associated with higher percentage of circulating HIV-specific IL-2+IFNγ+CD4+T cells, while full viral suppression under antiretroviral therapy was accompanied with decline of circulating HIVp55gag specific IFNγ+ and IL-2+IFNγ+ CD4+T cells. High-level viremia was combined with suppression of iIL-2+CD4+T cell response. |
| MoPE0038 | BREADTH AND MAGNITUDE OF HIV-SPECIFIC T CELL RECOGNITION AT THE ACUTE STAGE OF SUBTYPE C INFECTION DOES NOT CORRELATE WITH VIRAEMIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0038 M. Mlotshwa1, G. Khoury1, F. van Loggerenberg2, K. Mlisana2, C. Williamson2, S. Abdool Karim2, C.M. Gray1, on behalf of the CAPRISA Acute Infection Study Team Our data suggest that high magnitude and recognition of multiple epitopic regions is unrelated to early viral control. These data also reflect that Nef immunodominance is established during the acute stage of subtype C infection. |
| MoPE0039 | POOR RECOGNITION OF HIV-1 NEF PROTEIN BY CD8+ T CELLS FROM HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN: IMPACT OF AGE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0039 F. Buseyne1, D. Scott-Algara2, B. Corre1, F. Porrot1, E. Monchatre1, M. Burgard3, C. Rouzioux3, S. Blanche4, Y. Rivière1 We report a relatively poor Nef-specific CD8+ T cell response in HIV-infected children that contrasts with dominance of Nef-specific responses in infected adults. Our data suggest an early loss of Nef-specific CTL in pediatric HIV infection. |
| MoPE0040 | IDENTIFICATION OF HIV-1 SPECIFIC T LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES IN HIGHLY EXPOSED PERSISTENTLY SERONEGATIVE (HEPS) CHINESE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0040 H. Liu1, K. Hong1, J. Ma2, L. Yuan1, Y. Zhang2, Q. Zhao1, H. Peng1, Y. Ruan1, J. Xu1, Y. Shao1 About half of HEPS Chinese mounted HIV-1 specific T cell immune responses and cell-mediated immunity against HIV-1 may be developed through non-productive infections. |
| MoPE0041 | IDENTIFICATION OF CD8+ T CELL SUBSETS WITH NONCYTOTOXIC ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0041 M.S. Killian, S. Ng, J.A. Levy These studies better characterize the relationship between phenotype and the CD8+ T cell noncytotoxic antiviral response, and could offer an understanding of why infected subjects can differ in this important anti-HIV activity. |
| MoPE0042 | NOVEL CTL EPITOPES IDENTIFIED IN THE EBNA-3A REGION FROM EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS INFECTED INDIVIDUALS LIVING IN BOSTON AND JOHANNESBURG: RELEVANCE TO GLOBAL HIV VACCINE IMMUNOGENICITY MEASUREMENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0042 N.O. Malatsi1, G. Alter2, G. Khoury1, S. Nyoka1, D. Barkhan1, A. Masemola1, M. Altfeld2, C. Gray1 No obvious immunodominant regions were recognized and two novel common epitopic regions targeted in both Boston and Johannesburg populations were identified. Newly identified epitopes, restricted by common HLA alleles in the South African population, may account for up to 10% increased CEF pool coverage. Inclusion of these new peptides to the existing CEF pool would contribute to a more relevant positive control in ELISPOT and ICS assays to measure vaccine immunogenicity. |
| MoPE0043 | FUNCTIONAL PROFILE AND EXPANSION ABILITY OF HIV-SPECIFIC CD8+ T CELLS IN A COHORT OF LONG TERM NONPROGRESSORS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0043 M. López, V. Soriano, A. Cascarejo, S. Lozano, J. Gonzalez-laHoz, J.M. Benito The functional profile of HIV-Gag and Nef-specific CD8+ T cells is similar in LTNP and HIV-progressors. However, a greater ability of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells to expand in culture in LTNP could explain the more favourable outcome of this group. |
| MoPE0044 | TAT-SPECIFIC CD8+ T LYMPHOCYTES MORE EFFECTIVELY SUPPRESS SIVMAC239 REPLICATION THAN THOSE DIRECTED AGAINST NEF, GAG, AND ENV IN A FUNCTIONAL IN VITRO ASSAY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0044 J. Loffredo, B. Burwitz, E. Rakasz, S. Spencer, J. Stephany, A. Bean, J.P. Giraldo-Vela, S. Martin, S. Piaskowski, J. Furlott, K. Weisgrau, G. Napoé, N. Wilson, D. Watkins Our findings suggest that certain epitope-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes are better than others at suppressing viral replication. Interestingly, not all CD8+ T lymphocytes directed against early proteins effectively suppressed SIV replication, contrasting with previous findings. Differences in CD8+ T lymphocyte antiviral efficacy, in conjunction with viral variation, are crucial when considering epitopes to include in HIV vaccines. |
| Track B – Clinical Research, Treatment and Care | |
| MoPE0045 | PREDICTIVE VALUE OF PLASMA HIV RNA LEVELS MEASURED AT 6 WEEKS AMONG IN-UTERO AND INTRAPARTUM INFECTED ZIMBABWEAN INFANTS ON MORTALITY AT 6 AND 12 MONTHS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0045 K. Mutasa1, R. Ntozini1, S. Rukobo1, R. Simbi1, L. Moulton2, P. Iliff1, J. Humphrey2, ZVITAMBO Study Group HIV-positive infants who have high plasma HIV RNA levels at 6 weeks are at risk of early death and should be targeted for intervention. |
| MoPE0046 | PROTEINURIA, HEMATURIA AND CREATININE CLEARANCE IN RWANDAN WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0046 J.S. Mugabo1, J. Lu2, A. Binagwaho3, M. Cohen4, L. Munyakazi5, F. Ndamage1, A.-C. d'Adesky6, L. Szczech7 A significant proportion of women in Rwanda have proteinuria and hematuria particularly among those with HIVinfection. Similarly, while kidney function appears to be decreased among all, it is accentuated among those with HIV-infection and lower CD4 counts. These findings suggest significant subclinical renal disease in HIV positive Rwandan women. |
| MoPE0047 | PREVALENCE, ETIOLOGY AND STAGE OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS ASSESSED BY ELASTOGRAPHY IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0047 C. Castellares, P. Barreiro, L. Martín-Carbonero, A. Ruiz-Sancho, R. Galindo, L. Casado, M. Nuñez, J. González-Lahoz, V. Soriano Transient elastography is an useful non-invasive tool of liver fibrosis assessment. It may allow to recognise easily subclinical cirrhosis and to design appropriate therapeutic strategies in this population, such as treatment interventions, variceal bleeding prophylaxis and screening of hepatocellular carcinoma. |
| MoPE0048 | EXPRESSION OF CD95 HIGH INCREASE IN CD4+ T CELLS AND DECREASE IN CD8+ T CELLS IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0048 E.E. Escobar Guevara1, A. Monzon de Orozco2 Expression of CD95 had been related with progression to disease in HIV infection, expression of CD95 high reflect a higher density of CD95 molecules in cell membrane and a greater susceptibility to suffer apoptosis. Considering as positive only high expression of CD95, we founded, as expected, in CD4+ T cells, relationship with decrease of this population, high viral load and AIDS. In CD8+ T cells, it was peculiar our founding of decrease of expression CD95 high in HAART patients with the increase of this CD8+ population. Other studies, that considered as positive total CD95 expression (Dim and High), don't detect this decrease. We recommend the use of CD95 high and no total expression in studies staging disease. |
| MoPE0049 | ESTIMATED PREVALENCE OF LIVER FIBROSIS IN HCV MONOINFECTED AND HCV/HIV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS ACCORDING TO APRI AND OTHER CLINICAL INDEXES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0049 A. Sanvisens, K. Langohr, I. Serra, J. Tor, C. Tural, G. Sirera, D. Fuster, C. Rey-Joly, R. Muga In settings other than HIV/Aids units prevalence of liver fibrosis by APRI is relatively high and suggest that clinical care, assessment of liver fibrosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C and/or B should be emphasized in UDIs seeking substance abuse treatment. |
| MoPE0050 | STUDIES ON HIV+ DISCORDANT COUPLES IN NAIROBI, KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0050 M. Patel1, B. Dunbar2, M. Otsyula3, S. Patel4 It will be important to continue following these patients who have been HIV+ for many years and to evaluate the clinical and immunological factors to determine which might be associated with lack of viral transmission to their non-infected partners. |
| MoPE0051 | CORRELATION OF AUTONOMIC VARIABLES WITH CD4 COUNTS IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0051 A. Sakhuja1, A. Goyal1, A.K. Jaryal2, N. Wig1, M. Vajpayee3, K.K. Deepak2 The severity of autonomic dysfunction is correlated with CD4 counts. It appears that laboratory evidence of autonomic dysfunctions manifests before clinical symptoms. |
| MoPE0052 | HIV IN AFRICAN AMERICANS DIAGNOSED OVER 50 YEARS OF AGE AT AN INNER CITY TEACHING HOSPITAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0052 J. Gajjala, F. Farhat, V. Mody African Americans with HIV diagnosed after 50 years of age tend to be more compliant with treatment and maintain higher CD4 counts at follow up visits compared to the younger patients. Risk factors are comparable in both groups except homosexuality. Younger patients need aggressive counseling regarding risk factors and compliance. |
| MoPE0053 | M. TUBERCULOSIS DISEASE IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN HAART ERA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0053 J. Guardiola, L. Matas, A. Mauri, S. Herrera, M. Mateo, J. Cadafalch, M.A. Sambeat, M. Fuster, P. Domingo The incidence and prevalence of M. tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients remains variable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of M. tuberculosis diseases during the HAART era in our HIV populaion. |
| MoPE0054 | HIV-ASSOCIATED RENAL IMPAIRMENT IN CHILDREN: CLINICAL AND VIROLOGIC FEATURES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0054 T.M. Nishimoto1, J. Filgueiras Medeiros1, L.A. Silva2, F. Merlos1, P.C. Koch-Nogueira1 Our data suggests the possibility of renal impairment with symptomatic paucity in a large number of patients. The impact of this change on renal function in such patients over the long term has yet to be ascertained and warrants further investigative study. |
| MoPE0055 | PREDICTORS OF ANEMIA TYPE AND RELATIONSHIP TO MORTALITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0055 S.L. Fultz1, K.A. McGinnis2, N. Berliner3, T.P. Duffy3, A.A. Butt2, D. Rimland4, M.C. Rodriguez-Barradas5, R. Peck6, R.S. Braithwaite1, S. Brown7, M. Goetz8, L. Mole9, K. Bryant10, A.C. Justice1 Macrocytic anemia was independently predictive of a 2.5-fold risk of death, while microcytic and normocytic anemia were associated with 1.5-fold increase. Clinical and demographic factors predicted macrocytic anemia. |
| MoPE0056 | EVALUATING THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE NEW WHO PEDIATRIC CLINICAL STAGING SYSTEM IN A COHORT OF UNTREATED HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IN BELO HORIZONTE, BRAZIL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0056 C.A.A. Cardoso, A.G. Dantas, A.C.M. Dias, Q.C. Lisboa, R.M. Linhares, I.R. Carvalho, T.M.S. Candiani, J.A. Pinto Stage 1 was protective for risk of disease progression and stages 3 and 4 were good predictors of risk of progression in this cohort of untreated Brazilian children. These findings support WHO proposition to start ARV treatment for children in stages 3 and 4. |
| MoPE0057 | LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF HIV-1+ TREATMENT NAÏVE PATIENTS UNDERGOING HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0057 S. Magaev1, M. Nikolova1, A. Michova1, D. Beshkov2, K. Kostov3, H. Taskov1 A discordant immunological and virological response may not be beneficial in the long-term, underlining the importance of the early and precise definition of the therapy response in HIV+ patients subjected to HAART. |
| MoPE0058 | DECLINING CD4+ CELL COUNTS DURING SUPPRESSED OR LOW LEVEL VIREMIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0058 A.M.L. Anderson1, A.S. Kosinski2, J.A. Bartlett1 Declining CD4+ cell count in the setting of low plasma HIV RNA levels is relatively rare in our population. The vast majority of cases had plasma HIV RNA levels consistently <500 copies/ml and none were taking the didanosine/tenofovir combination, suggesting the involvement of other factors. We examined several independent variables, including hepatitis C antibody status and antiretroviral medications, but none were detected to be associated with decline. |
| MoPE0059 | ABSENCE OF SUSTAINED BENEFIT OF HAART FOLLOWED BY STRUCTURED TREATMENT INTERRUPTIONS (STI) IN PRIMARY HIV-1 INFECTION (PHI): PROLONGED FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS ENROLLED IN THE PRIMSTOP (ANRS 100) TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0059 B. Hoen1, C. Deveau2, I. Fournier3, C. Lacabaratz4, M. Burgard5, S. Izard3, L. Meyer2, F. Raffi6, Primstop study group & Primo Cohort These data show that virtually no PHI patient can maintain suppression of viremia after a sequence of HAART/STIs followed by HAART discontinuation. In addition a significant proportion of them need to restart HAART, due to CD4 decrease < 300/mm3. |
| MoPE0060 | DOES EARLY TREATMENT OF PRIMARY HIV-INFECTION DELAY TREATMENT INDICATION? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0060 C. Koegl1, E. Wolf2, H. Jessen3, K. Schewe4, M. Rausch5, J. Goelz6, A. Goetzenich7, H. Knechten7, H. Jaeger8, and the Prime-DAG and Ac-DAG Study Group Our cohort shows a trend, where early treatment of primary HIV-infection delays the time until treatment indication in pts presenting with a viral load VL >50,000 cop/ml during seroconversion. |
| MoPE0061 | INVERSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VIRAL LOAD AND GENOTYPIC RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN KOREAN PRIMARY HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0061 B.S. Chin, J. Choi, J.-G. Nam, M.K. Kee, S.D. Suh, J.Y. Choi, C. Chu, S.S. Kim The evaluation of potency for antiretroviral resistance revealed weak negative correlation with viral replication in PHI period, and we suppose it could be one of the reasons why the transmission of resistant strains in PHI patients is not increasing significantly despite of generalization in HAART. |
| MoPE0062 | PREDICTORS OF CLINICAL OUTCOME AMONG HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WHO MAINTAIN VIROLOGIC SUPPRESSION WITH HAART: LONGTERM FOLLOW-UP OF AN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0062 F. Gutiérrez, S. Padilla, M. Masiá, J.A. Iribarren, S. Moreno, P. Viciana, L. Muñoz, J.L. Gómez sirvent, F. Vidal, J. López-Aldeguer, J.R. Blanco, M. Leal, M.A. Rodríguez-Arenas, S. Pérez Hoyos, CoRIS-MD Patients with sustained virologic response on HAART have a low mortality rate over time. Low CD4-T cell responses at 12 months and older age at initiation of therapy are the main determinans of unfavourable long-term outcome. |
| MoPE0063 | FACTORS PREDICTIVE OF 30-DAY POST-OPERATIVE MORTALITY FROM 3213 SURGICAL PROCEDURES CARRIED OUT IN 1840 HIV/AIDS PATIENTS BEING TREATED WITH ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0063 J. Chan1, R. Hogg2, B. Yip2, A. Levy2, J. Montaner2, S. Wiseman1 In HIV/AIDS patients undergoing surgery, a thorough pre-operative evaluation, which includes specific demographic and laboratory investigations, is useful for prediction of post-operative mortality and thus pre-operative surgical risk assessment and patient counselling. |
| MoPE0064 | AUTOPSIES IN HIV: STILL IDENTIFYING MISSED DIAGNOSES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0064 D. Cohen1, M. Beadsworth2, N. Jenkins1, L. Ratcliffe1, B. Taylor3, N. Beeching1 The cause of death changed in the majority of patients who underwent autopsy. Autopsy provides useful information for future management of patients with HIV and should be considered in every HIV related death. Opportunistic infections continue to be a significant cause of death in the HAART era Despite excellent resources, investigative tools remain inadequate for diagnosis. |
| MoPE0065 | EFFECTIVENESS OF HAART ON THE QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEAR AMONG HIV-1-INFECTED WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0065 C. Liu1, H. Chu2, E. Robison3, K. Weber4, S. Gange2 Our study showed that HAART not only improved HIV-infected women's survival time, but also enhanced their overall quality of life. Using HAART did not cause severe tradeoff between quantity and quality of life among the HIV-infected women. |
| MoPE0066 | EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY OVER THE LAST DECADE AT A POPULATION LEVEL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0066 G. Paraninfo1, M.C. Uccelli2, S. Casari1, C. Torti2, E. Quiros-Roldan2, F. Castelnuovo1, G. Cristini1, G. Lapadula2, V. Tirelli2, G. Cologni2, S. Costarelli2, A. Matti2, P. Nasta2, F. Gatti2, A. Patroni2, G. Carosi2 The actual regimens are able to control viral replication in a substantial proportion of patients. Non Hodgkin lymphoma at AIDS occurrence seemed associated with the worst prognosis. Maintenance of CD4+ T cell count as higher as possible and achievement of undetectable viral load at least once appeared to be important priorities. |
| MoPE0067 | MORTALITY AND FREQUENCY OF HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS IN A COHORT OF HIV POSITIVE UGANDAN ADULTS WITH CD4 COUNTS < 200, PRIOR TO AND AFTER STARTING ART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0067 R. Parkes1, J. Todd2, H. Grosskurth2, A. Kamali2, D. Lalloo1 The overall mortality and need for hospitalisation before ART, and in the first 3 months of ART appear to be similar. However, mortality was considerably reduced thereafter, even in patients with highly advanced immunosuppression. |
| MoPE0068 | IMPROVED ANTI-VIRAL CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN HAART-TREATED, HIV CLADE C INFECTED INDIVIDUALS PRESENTING WITH ACTIVE KAPOSI'S SARCOMA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0068 A. Mosam1, F. Bihl2, L.M. Henry3, J.V. Chrisholm3, L. Butler4, S. Dollard5, J.N. Martin4, P. Kiepiela6, S. Cassol7, D.T. Scadden8, H. M. Coovadia9, C. Brander3 These data document a gradual recovery of anti-viral cellular immunity and effective suppression of KSHV viral antigen upon initiation of HAART in this HIV clade C cohort with endemic KSHV infection. |
| MoPE0069 | DID HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN BENEFIT FROM ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IMPROVEMENTS AS MUCH AS ADULTS? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0069 L. Meyer1, A. Faye2, C. Goujard3, F. Boufassa4, J. Le Chenadec4, C. Deveau4, C. Dollfus5, C. Rouzioux6, S. Blanche7, J.-F. Delfraissy3, J. Warszawski1, the ANRS EPF PRIMO and SEROCO groups Children did not have a worse prognosis compared to adults when they had survived until the HAART era. Factors contributing to the higher mortality of HIV-infected girls born since 1996 are currently under investigation. |
| MoPE0070 | CREATING AND VALIDATING A VERBAL AUTOPSY ALGORITHM TO MEASURE AIDS MORTALITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0070 P. Mare1, B. Lopman2, R. Barnabas3, T. Boerma4, G. Chawira1, C. Donnely2, G. Garnett2, C. Nyamukapa5, P. Mason1, S. Gregson6 Analysis of verbal autopsy data in this rural Zimbabwean population revealed a distinct pattern of signs and symptoms associated with AIDS mortality. Using these signs and symptoms, demographic surveillance data on AIDS deaths may allow for the estimation of AIDS mortality and even HIV prevalence. |
| MoPE0071 | TEMPORAL TRENDS IN HOSPITALIZATIONS AND HOSPITALIZATION-ASSOCIATED DIAGNOSES IN THE HIV OUTPATIENT STUDY (HOPS) DURING 1994 – 2002 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0071 A. Moorman1, K. Buchacz1, J.T. Richardson2, R.K. Baker2, K.C. Wood2, S.D. Holmberg3, J.T. Brooks1, the HOPS Investigators Overall rates of hospitalizations for HIV-infected patients declined substantially during 1994 – 2002. In the HAART era, HIV-infected patients are increasingly hospitalized for chronic illnesses and at higher CD4+ cell counts. |
| MoPE0072 | DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES IN LIPOPROTEIN LEVELS IN HIV-INFECTED AND UNINFECTED RWANDAN AND UNITED STATES WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0072 F. Ndamage1, J. Lu2, A. Binagwaho3, M. Cohen4, P. Tien5, L. Munyakazi6, R. Kaplan7, J. Justman8, J. Semahore Mugabo9, D. Lu2, Q. Shi2, S. Cole10, K. Anastos11 In untreated African and US women, immunosuppression was associated with higher TG, and lower total and HDLC; but with lower LDL-C only in US women. HDL and total-C were lower in Rwandan than in US HIV- women, but TG and HDL-C were similar, especially in African-Americans. |
| MoPE0073 | PREDICTION OF CLINICAL BENEFITS OF TMC125 FROM TREATMENT EFFECTS ON CD4 COUNTS AND HIV RNA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0073 H. Grossman1, C. Cohen2, J. Nadler3, A. White4, B. Woodfall4, A. Hill5 Based on the 24 week results from the TMC125-C223 trial 800mg bid group, the benefits of TMC125 versus Control in raising CD4 counts and suppressing HIV RNA are predicted to lower progression rates to AIDS/death by 31 – 39% for TMC125 treatment, using independent prediction methods. |
| MoPE0074 | THE IMPACT OF HIV ON MATERNAL MORBIDITY IN UGANDAN WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0074 H. Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha1, R.T. Mayon-White2, P. Okong3, P. Brocklehurst4, L.M. Carpenter2 In this Ugandan cohort, HIV increased the risk of any major maternal morbidity by 70%. Maternal morbidity remains a significant health issue in such resource-limited settings. There is need for more interventions to address the effects of HIV on maternal morbidity. |
| MoPE0075 | ELIMINATION KINETICS OF SINGLE 200 MG DOSE OF ORAL NEVIRAPINE IN HIV-1-INFECTED PREGNANT INDIAN WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0075 R.B. Mhatre1, P.A. Thakur1, S. Dalvi1, J. Sastry2, A. Kshirsagar1, F. Hamzeh3, M.A. Phadke4, S. Nair2, R.C. Bollinger3, N.A. Kshirsagar5 This study is the first one in Indian pregnant mothers. The study showed reasonable concurrence with the published Ugandan study in which nevirapine T½ in pregnant Ugandan women after a single 200 mg nevirapine dose was reported 61.3 hours, with a range of 27.4 – 90.4 hours. However, the study in US volunteers, showed the T½ of 70 hours while studies in US mothers, demonstrated median T½ of 36.8 hours. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of intrapartum nevirapine and it's impact on response to subsequent treatment. |
| MoPE0076 | PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY IN A COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA AWAITING ART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0076 G. De Bruyn1, P. Pronyk2, M. Willie1, F. Van der Linde1, M. Lurie3, A. Heyer2, T. Kotzee2, N. Tshabangu1, H. Struthers1, G. Gray1, J. McIntyre1, N. Martinson1 Nutrition in rural areas may play a role in mortality, although access to care (other than through the wellness program), local municipal services, water, and sanitation may also contribute in the observed difference in mortality between rural and urban sites. Ascertainment of deaths may also be different between sites. |
| MoPE0077 | INFANT MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY BY HIV EXPOSURE AND INFECTION STATUS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0077 A. Ruff1, B. Gudetta2, T. Awano-Lemtuche3, A. Abdosh3, D. Hailu3, R. Adamu4, S. Omer1, A. Abashawl1, Y. Mengistu5, U. Nayak1, A. Bedri2 HIV-exposed, uninfected infants had a somewhat greater risk of diarrhea and death compared to infants born to negative women. HIV-infected infants who acquired the infection in utero had the greatest risk of morbidity and mortality. Such infants must be identified as soon as possible after birth in order to increase their changes of survival. |
| MoPE0078 | BACTERAEMIA IN SEVERELY MALNOURISHED CHILDREN INFECTED AND UNINFECTED WITH THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-1 IN KAMPALA, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0078 H. Bachou1, T. Tylleskär2, D. Kaddu-Mulindwa3, J.K. Tumwine1 Bacteraemia affects 1 in every 6 severely malnourished children and carries high mortality especially among the HIV-positve. The high level of resistance to common antibiotics, raise the need for revision of the recommended combinations of antibiotics for management of bacteraemia in severely malnourished children. |
| MoPE0079 | CRYPTOCCOCAL MENINGITIS A COMMON CAUSE OF MORTALITY AMONG AIDS PATIENTS INITIATED ON HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0079 H. Mayanja-Kizza1, F. Lutwama2, C. Kikawa2, C. Kalule2, D. Kizza2, M. Kamya1 CM is a common cause of death among patients commenced on HAART, probably due to immune reconstitution syndrome. Efforts should be made to actively and regularly look for OIs even after start of HAART, especially within the first year of treatment. |
| MoPE0080 | DEPRESSION, INSOMNIA, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, AND FATIGUE: A CLUSTER OF HIV-RELATED SYMPTOMS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0080 K.D. Phillips1, L. Moneyham1, A. Tavakoli1, C. Murdaugh2, K. Jackson3 Our data suggest that these four symptoms form a cluster of HIV-related symptoms. Interventions that address these symptoms simultaneously may be beneficial. |
| MoPE0081 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0081 Abstract not available. |
| MoPE0082 | IMPLEMENTING A HIV AND STD TESTING PROGRAM IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT (ED) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0082 N. Glick1, A. Silva2 Through ED-based HIV/STD screening, we identified and treated many STD-infected patients, but identified few HIV-infected patients. Identifying and linking to care more infected patients would increase the effectiveness of HIV screening. STD screening can be added to HIV screening at a reasonable cost. |
| MoPE0083 | VISUAL DIPSTICK DETECTION OF HIV-1 GENOME IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0083 M. Dineva1, D. Candotti2, F. Fletcher-Brown1, J.-P. Allain1, H. Lee1 These results demonstrate feasibility of an instrument-independent and sensitive method for the detection of HIV-RNA. A new HIV NAT system is under development integrating this visual detection technology into a closed disposable, complemented by simple instrumentation that can be battery driven. |
| MoPE0084 | INFLUENCE OF CYTOTOXIC CELLS FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY ON THE MOTHER-TO-CHILD HIV-1 TRANSMISSION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0084 A.B. Shemshura1, L.V. Sveshnikova1, S.Y. Poddubskaya1, T.E. Kalinina2, S.R. Saukhat1 Our results suggest the possible role of cytotoxic cells functional activity in supression of viral replication and in probability of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. The evaluation of cell activation and apoptotic markers can provide diagnostic and prognostic benefits. |
| MoPE0085 | POINT OF CARE LACTATE TESTING IS AN EFFECTIVE MEASURE IN SUPPORTING THE WHO FIRST-LINE REGIMEN IN SETTINGS WITH A HIGH INCIDENCE OF STAVUDINE-RELATED TOXICITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0085 S. Mathee1, M. Abrahams1, N. Jackson1, G. an Cutsem2, Z. Szylagyi1, T. Krombein1, K. Hilderbrand2, A. Boulle3 Point-of-care lactate testing, if based on appropriate clinical indications, is a rational and effective tool for early detection of hyperlactataemia. The ability to rapidly rule out or confirm hyperlactataemia in symptomatic patients has contributed enormously to clinician confidence, and saves patients referral resources. Costs of current tests are however too high, and more producers are needed. |
| MoPE0086 | SAVING THE COST OF CD4 DETERMINATION BY DILUTING THE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0086 S. Sadoh1, T. Pankam, C. Suphatchara2, S. Sirivichayakul3, S. Tantipaibulvut2, P. Phanuphak2 By using less amount of Cytostst 45/4/3, the costs of staining reagents for CD4 evaluation can be reduced from US$ 9.8 if undiluted to US$ 4.9 and US$ 2.4 if diluted 1:2 and 1:4, respectively. Such cost-saving approach is extremely important for resource-limited counters. |
| MoPE0087 | STATE-OF-THE-ART HIV TESTING - COMBINED RAPID AND HIV RNA TESTING IN A PUBLIC STD CLINIC, SAN FRANCISCO, 2004 – 2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0087 S. Philip, K. Ahrens, G. Nieri, R. Kohn, B. Louie, S. Liska, C. Kent, J. Klausner Acute HIV infection screening can be incorporated successfully with rapid antibody testing. The combination of rapid HIV antibody testing and HIV RNA screening assured that most infected patients learned their test results immediately and helped identify an additional 18% of those with HIV infection. Furthermore, patients with acute infection were identified and counseled when highly infectious, thereby potentially averting transmission to their partners. |
| MoPE0088 | A QUANTIFICATION OF HIV-1 GROUP M PROVIRAL DNA USING A TAQMAN MGB REAL-TIME PCR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0088 M. Kondo1, K. Sudo1, R. Tanaka2, T. Shima1, H. Sagara3, S. Iwamuro4, Y. Takebe5, S. Kato2, M. Imai6 Our real-time PCR assay has high sensitivity, linearity, reproducibility and accuracy. This assay will be useful for quantification of HIV-1 group M provirus and for long-term evaluation of antiretroviral treatment efficacy. |
| MoPE0089 | PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 ANTIRETROVIRAL RESISTANCE AMONG BRAZILIAN PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0089 R. Diaz1, C. Barreto2, E. Sabino3, R. Rodrigues4, J.E. Ferreira5, R. Corrêa6, S. Oliveira6, P. Chequer6 Besides the clinical utility of the testing for salvage therapy, the surveillance of drug resistance pattern will enable the AIDS program to build guidelines and optimize the use of new available antiretrovirals. |
| MoPE0090 | COMPARISON OF LOCAL VERSUS CENTRAL LABORATORY VIRAL LOAD TESTING: IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL TRIAL OUTCOMES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0090 S. Walmsley1, R. Harrigan2, A. Thorne3, CTN 164 Study Group These data highlight the need for standardization of viral load determination when used as a clinical trial primary endpoint. Although the majority < 50 copies/ml in a local laboratory were confirmed centrally, 6% were not, and a significant number of local determinations were discrepant with the central lab in the opposite direction. Using < 400 copies/ml as an endpoint was more reliable, as agreement between labs was 98%. |
| MoPE0091 | THE HIVRMI: A NEW AFFORDABLE QUANTITATIVE HIV MONITORING TOOL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0091 L.E. Scott1, W. Stevens2, D. Lawrie1, D. Glencross2 The HIVRMI appears useful for longitudinal monitoring as an early and sensitive indicator of virus production/cell activity. A single HIVRMI result is not useful for direct conversion to a plasma viral load value, but changes detected by the HIVRMI not yet reflected in the plasma viral load may explain the non-response in the CD4 count. In addition this assay is rapid (< 1 hour result) and affordable (< $10) with the added option of combining additional cell markers such as a CD4 count measured in a different fluorescent channel. |
| MoPE0092 | SUPAR BASELINE LEVELS IN CHILDREN AT TIME OF ART INITIATION IS PREDICTIVE OF TREATMENT EFFICACY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0092 J. Eugen-Olsen1, J. Nuttall2, R. Ryt Hansen1, H. Westh3, G.D. Hussey2, B. Eley2 This first study of suPAR and treatment efficacy in HIV-infected children indicate that suPAR may be a predictor of treatment outcome. |
| MoPE0093 | NEW CHALLENGE FOR COUNTRIES WITH LIMITED RESOURCES: EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF HIV INFECTION FOR CHILDREN UNDER 18 MONTHS - FIRST EVALUATION OF WHO CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS PROPOSED IN DECEMBER 2004 (REVISED IN NOVEMBER 2005) ON 106 CHILDREN IN KIGALI, RWANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0093 C.A. Peltier1, M.P. Cyaga2, J. Mukherjee3, G. Tuyishime4, C. Omes5, N. Muganga6, V. Arendt7 As PCR is not yet widely available, clinical diagnosis is necessary. However current criteria have a very poor sensitivity and specificity. |
| MoPE0094 | VIRAL LOAD MONITORING IS CRITICAL TO ASSESS EARLY PAEDIATRIC RESPONSE TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN A RESOURCE LIMITED SETTING: THE UGANDAN EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0094 R.A. Kekitiinwa1, M. Sekadde2, S. Bakeera Kitaaka3, I. Kalyesubula3, C. Pitter1, D. Thomas4, S. Kelly1, M. Kamya5, M. Kline6, A. Maganda1 These data underscore the importance of virologic monitoring of HAART in children since immunologic monitoring was an insensitive marker of viral suppression. |
| MoPE0095 | A CONCURRENT REAL-TIME QUANTITATION/SUBTYPING PROTOCOL FOR HIV-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0095 S. Wong, C. Tolzmann, J. Bremer, D. Huang Subtype identification and quantitation of plasma virions is accomplished together in this non-nested multiplex protocol. Adding quantitation to the MHA AIDS the interpretation of data where no MHA probe binding is detected. The protocol will provide flexibility needed to assess dual-subtype and recombinant infections and potential for clinical diagnosis. |
| MoPE0096 | AFFORDABLE CD4 ENUMERATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0096 A. Ymeti1, X. Li1, B. Lunter1, C. Breukers1, S. Brinkers1, A.G.J. Tibbe2, L.W.M.M. Terstappen3, J. Greve1 Our image cytometer is an absolute, compact, stand-alone, easy-to-use and affordable instrument that can be applied for point-of-care HIV monitoring in resource-poor countries. Field-testing in resource-poor countries is now relevant. |
| MoPE0097 | THE ADVANTAGES OF USING THE MAGNA PC AUTOMATED NUCLEIC ACID EXTRACTION FOLLOWED BY REAL-TIME REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE-PCR FOR DETERMINATION OF HIV-1 VIRAL RNA LOAD IN MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0097 T.-C. Hsieh1, K.-L. Yu1, J.-Y. Yang2, C.-C. Chen3, K. Liu3, W.-S. Chang4, R. Mwenda5, H. Juma6 The real-time PCR system is not for single purpose. Changing primer/probe sets can fit in most of the microorganisms. It will be a very powerful tool for virology and bacteriology diagnosis in developing countries. |
| MoPE0098 | THE HIV-1 RNA REAL TIME PCR: A LOW COST STRATEGY TO DIAGNOSE HIV INFECTION IN INFANTS BORN FROM HIV-INFECTED MOTHERS IN CAMBODIA AND VIET NAM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0098 S. Ngin1, L. Truong thi Xuan2, L.S. Kruy3, A.H. Do Lien2, T. Tran Chi2, V. Ung4, J. Nouhin1, S. Tun1, F. Barre-Sinoussi5, M. Burgard6, C. Rouzioux6, E. Nerrienet1 The HIV-1 RNA real time PCR test provided a significant virologic contribution to the early diagnosis of HIV infection. This technique (actually 25 USD per test) is now routinely used to diagnose HIV infection among babies, and for the virological follow up in adults, in our laboratories. |
| MoPE0099 | EVALUATION OF IMMUNOLOGIC MONITORING TO IDENTIFY PATIENTS WITH VIROLOGIC FAILURE AFTER INITIATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN RURAL UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0099 D. Moore1, A. Awor2, R. Downing2, W. Were2, P. Behumbiize2, J. Mermin2 WHO guidelines for resource-limited settings state that CD4 cell counts may be used to monitor response to antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, their performance in terms of predicting viral load (VL) changes has not been evaluated. |
| MoPE0100 | ABSOLUTE LYMPHOCYTE COUNT AND WHO PEDIATRIC CLINICAL STAGE AS MARKERS TO ASSESS NEED TO INITIATE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AMONG HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IN NORTHERN TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0100 O.O. Johnson1, D.K. Benjamin Jr.1, W. Schimana2, D.K. Benjamin3, K. Landman4, L.G. Tillekeratne4, J.A. Crump4, G.D. Kinabo2, M. Swai2, J.F. Shao2, B.T. Mmbaga2, L.J. Msuya2, C.K. Cunningham1 The use of ALC < 2500 cells/mm3 and WHO stage 3 or 4 as markers to initiate ART may serve as a useful tool in managing HIV among children in developing nations with limited access to CD4 testing techniques. This observation requires confirmation in a larger cohort. |
| MoPE0101 | INVESTIGATING MTB-SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSES RELATED TO MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTION IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0101 A. Hammond1, A. Jaye2, S. McConkey3, P. Hill1, M. Gomez1, H. Whittle2, S. Crozier2, M. Klein4, R. Adegbola1, R. Brookes5, S. Rowland-Jones2 Although patients with advanced HIV have poor reactivity to many antigens, they are more susceptible to mycobacterial infections and progress to TB disease faster. Regardless of HIV status, the mechanisms underlying reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are poorly understood. Recent studies both in human and animal models have shown ESAT-6 and CFP-10 (two closely related antigens) to have the ability to induce IFN-γ responses with improved specificity over PPD-tuberculin and can distinguish recent and active infection. |
| MoPE0102 | NEW FOURTH-GENERATION ASSAY WITH UNIQUE DIFFERENTIAL DETECTION BETWEEN ANTIBODIES TO HIV-1 & 2 AND P24 ANTIGEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0102 B. Rivetz, E. Zemer-Tov, I. Russo, A. Ben-Zvi, O. Faktor The TriSpot kit showed to be a highly sensitive and specific fourth-generation assay. It provides, in addition to the sensitivity advantage over the 3rd-generation antibody tests, an advantage of presenting separate signals for p24 antigen and for HIV antibodies. Having the kinetics of each of the parameters during the sero-conversion may be crucial at the early stages of HIV infection, particularly in cases such as mother-to child transmission. |
| MoPE0103 | MONITORING HIV VIRAL LOAD IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS: EVALUATION OF THE CAVIDI EXAVIR LOAD Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0103 R. Pilon1, L. Ares1, B. Munjeri2, B. Ndawana2, S. Mabiza2, P. Thistle2, J. Kim3, Z. Chen3, P. Sandstrom1 The results obtained with ExaVir Load were biologically equivalent to those from molecular assays in the untreated cohort. In treated individuals, it remains to be seen whether the assay is sufficiently sensitive to make that claim. The assay is easy to use, costs less and is less susceptible to contamination than molecular-based assays, and can be performed with rudimentary lab equipment. This affordable viral load assay could represent a reasonable patient management tool for resource-limited settings. |
| MoPE0104 | ROUTINE EARLY INFANT HIV TESTING AS NATIONAL PROGRAM: PRELIMINARY RESULTS AND LESSONS LEARNED, RWANDA, 2005 – 2006 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0104 T. Finkbeiner1, A. Ayaba2, J. van't Pad Bosch3, P. Rugimbanya4, A. Tanuri5, L.F. Gonzalez6, E. Kayirangwa2, N. Shaffer5, J. Hanson2 Routine early PCR testing is feasible. HIV-exposed children can be identified during routine follow-up if mothers are counseled appropriately and maternal HIV status is documented on the antenatal card. In addition to identifying HIV-infected children and linking them to early care and treatment, routine early infant testing provides valuable information on the effectiveness of PMTCT programs. |
| MoPE0105 | IMPROVED BETWEEN-LABORATORY PERFORMANCE OF SOUTH AFRICAN NHLS LABORATORIES USING PLG CD4 METHODOLOGY FOR THE NATIONAL ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) TREATMENT PROGRAMME Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0105 D. Glencross1, H. Aggett1, W. Stevens2, G. Vercauteren2, M. Bergeron3, G. Houle3, F. Mandy3 Laboratories using PLG methodology have significantly outperformed both their African and global participants from resource-limited countries . NHLS/ARV laboratories exceeded the performance of the others by over 35%. This is a remarkable achievement considering that a vast majority of site personnel had limited flow cytometry skills and that the PLG is a manual gating method. |
| MoPE0106 | CHRONIC DIARRHEA AS PRESENTING FEATURE OF ABDOMINAL TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0106 A. Pazare, A. Mathew Davis, D. Atre Singh Abdominal tuberculosis is an emergent infection in patients with CD4 counts < 200 cells/mm3 in the Indian subcontinent. Isospora sp is the most common co-existing parasitic infection in patients with abdominal TB and HIVAIDS in our setting unlike in the western population where Cryptosporidium spp is the commonest.This is of public health importance as in developing countries,co-existing parasitic infections are overlooked in these patients. |
| MoPE0107 | ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF A LOW-COST HIV VIRAL LOAD TECHNOLOGY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0107 G. Vercauteren1, E. Dax2, R. Gribben2, A. Sands1, D. Jardine2 The ease of use and the performance characteristics as well as the relatively low cost of the Cavidi ExaVir® Load assay make it an appropriate assay for resource-limited settings. The occurrence of false positive results may preclude its use for any purpose other than HIV therapeutic monitoring. Others have demonstrated correlation between viral loads estimated by ExaVir and more conventional techniques (Greengrass et al., 2005). |
| MoPE0108 | THE DUAL IMPORTANCE OF IMMUNOLOGIC AND VIROLOGIC MONITORING OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0108 M.R. Kamya1, A.D. Kambugu2, F.C. Semitala1, P.S. Mwebaze2, B. Castelnuovo2, P. Schaefer2, J. Martin2, D. Guwatudde3, E.T. Katabira1, R. Colebunders4, A. Ronald5, D. Thomas6, H. Mayanja-Kizza1 These data demonstrate good virological and, immunological effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy provided in this sub-Saharan African HIV clinic. The majority of patients with virologic failure could not be identified by measuring CD4 cells alone. |
| MoPE0109 | RELIABILITY OF TESTING AND POTENTIAL IMPACT ON HIV PREVENTION IN NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0109 G.N. Odaibo1, E. Donbraye1, M. Adewumi2, A. Bakarey2, M. Ibeh2, J.-L. Sankale3, D.O. Olaleye1, P. Kanki4 The results of this study highlight the problem of diagnosis of HIV infections in Africa. It shows that the sensitivity of most of the rapid assays is lower for detection of early infection. The implications of possible misdiagnosis on the various intervention strategies that rely predominantly on correct HIV status of an individual are enormous. Thus, there is an urgent need for review of the current HIV testing assays or algorithms in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. |
| MoPE0110 | CD38 EXPRESSION ON CD8 T CELLS WITH OR WITHOUT OTHER MARKERS (HLA DR AND CD45RA) IS NOT ADEQUATE TO PREDICT THE VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) IN UGANDANS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0110 M.A. Eller1, F. Lutwama2, L. John2, H. Shihab2, J. Serwanga3, B. Ouma1, N. Modi1, L. Spacek4, M. Robb5, T. Quinn4, K. McAdam2, B. Gazzard6, P. Kelleher6, M. Kamya2, H. Mayanja2 Although CD38 could be added to CD4 testing at minimal extra cost (assuming 4 color flow cytometry available), this study shows that CD38 expression with/without other markers should not be considered an adequate solution to finding an affordable surrogate viral load test for RLS. |
| MoPE0111 | USE OF TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS IN PRIMARY CARE SETTINGS AS A MONITORING TOOL FOR HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0111 R. Mankeshwar1, S. Sawleshwarkar2, V. Phad3, D. Saple3 TLC could be used as a low cost tool for clinical decision-making in the management of HIV AIDS in primary care settings. A TLC cut off value of 1500 is a close analogue for a CD4 count of 200 cells/mm3. Regular TLC monitoring could help to chart HIV disease progression. |
| MoPE0112 | EVALUATION OF P24-BASED ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT MONITORING IN PEDIATRIC HIV-1 INFECTION: PREDICTION OF THE CD4+ T CELL CHANGES BETWEEN CONSECUTIVE VISITS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0112 M.W.G. Brinkhof1, J. Boni2, F. Steiner3, Z. Tomasik2, D. Nadal3, J. Schupbach2, Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) and Swiss HIV Mother + Child Cohort Study (MoCHiV) P24 may be an accurate low-cost alternative to monitor ART in pediatric HIV-1 infection. This applies particularly to epidemics caused by subtype C to which the assay, besides to subtype B, is very sensitive, as has now been shown in several different studies. Thus, the entire South of Africa, India and other subtype C dominated areas could greatly benefit. |
| MoPE0113 | UTILITY OF QUANTIFERON TB GOLD TESTING FOR LATENT TB INFECTION IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0113 S. Jones1, D. de Gijsel2, F. Wallach3, A. Gurtman4, F. Mensa5, H. Sacks6 In HIV-infected subjects, there is a trend towards a statistically significant association between known risk factors for LTBI and a positive QuantiFERON TB Gold test but not positive TST. |
| MoPE0114 | THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCREENING FOR SYPHILIS IN BRAZILIAN MATERNITY HOSPITALS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR ASSISTANCE AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE OF CONGENITAL SYPHILIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0114 V. Pinto1, E. Oliveira1, M. Barbosa1, D. Ribeiro1, P. Chequer2, M. Simão3 Constant vigilance in the application of the established norms, on the part of health staff and managers will avoid great losses of opportunities for diagnosing maternal and congenital infection. |
| MoPE0115 | REAL TIME PCR AS ROUTINE PLATFORM IN HIV RNA QUANTIFICATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0115 J. Suni1, M. Ristola2, A. Järvinen2, K. Liitsola3, M. Salminen3, M. Lappalainen1 CTM has been used routinely in our laboratory for two years. All new HIV-1 antibody positives are tested both by CTM and CAM to find deviating samples. Similarly researcher initiated therapy study patients are tested by both methods. There is a need to reformulate the guidelines of clinical interpretation of HIV-1 RNA quantification. |
| MoPE0116 | DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ASIAN AND CAUCASIAN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN ABSOLUTE CD4 COUNT AND CD4 PERCENTAGE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0116 J. Zhou1, F. Dabis2, S. Pujari3, R. Thiebault2, M. Law1, F. Bonnet2, for the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database and Aquitaine Cohort For a given CD4% strata, TAHOD patients have a lower CD4 count than Aquitaine patients. The impact of the difference in absolute CD4 count by CD4% strata on prognosis is uncertain, but it may be that the prognostic thresholds for CD4 count defined based on European and North American populations are inappropriate in Asian populations. |
| MoPE0117 | DOES ASYMPTOMATIC MEAN WITHOUT SYMPTOMS? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0117 W. Holzemer1, D. Wantland1, S. Willard2, K. Nokes3, N. Reynolds4, M. Rivero5, K. Kirksey6, J. Kemppainen7, C. Coleman8, P. Dole9, L. Eller10, E. Bunch11, Y.-F. Tsai12, I. Corless13, P. Nicholas13, M.J. Hamilton14, E. Sefcik14, G. Canaval15 The data reveal that self-reported symptoms are present in individuals regardless of the official treatment guidelines' CD4 classification or the taking of ARV medications. These data demonstrate that clinicians should carefully assess their patients throughout the illness trajectory for the presence and severity of symptoms that are associated with HIV/AIDS. These findings question the use of the term asymptomatic as a useful diagnostic tool. |
| MoPE0118 | PCR-BASED HIV DIAGNOSIS FOR INFANTS USING DRIED BLOOD SPOTS (DBS): FIELD IMPLEMENTATION IN MAPUTO CITY, MOZAMBIQUE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0118 D. Bila Ramalho1, P. Vaz2, L. Rungo2, A. Momed2, I.V. Jani1 Blood collection on filter paper was easily assimilated by the nurses. No change in the performance of the test was observed when this was used on DBS made from two types of filter paper. PCR diagnosis serves as a tool for treatment and care entry, establishment of follow-up programs for both HIV-positive and breast-feeding HIV-negative infants, implementation of guidelines for counselling on infant feeding, and allows treatment of exposed children in a timely manner. The DBS have a long conservation time, are easy to transport and allow the diagnosis of children from remote areas, thus constituting a feasible technique in resource-poor settings. |
| MoPE0119 | C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AS A PREDICTOR OF MATERNAL HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION, MATERNAL AND CHILD MORTALITY, AND MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0119 P. Drain1, R. Kupka2, G. Msamanga3, W. Urassa4, W. Fawzi5 Elevated maternal CRP is an independent predictor of HIV disease progression, maternal mortality, and child mortality among a developing-country HIV-positive population not taking HAART. These findings strengthen and expand the role of CRP as an independent marker of adverse maternal and child HIV-related outcomes. Additional studies are warranted to assess the predictive value of CRP among HIV-infected people taking HAART. |
| MoPE0120 | MEASUREMENTS OF HIV P24 ANTIGENEMIA, HIV SEROLOGY AND CD4 T CELLS BY HYBRID FLOW CYTOMETRY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0120 S. Faucher, A. Sherring, D. Bogdanovic, T. Ding, M. Bergeron, P. Sandstrom, F. Mandy This initial study demonstrated the excellent concordance of the HFC CD4 testing with the reference method. Antibody titers to 5 HIV proteins and HIV p24 were successfully measured using the same instrument. The successful combination of bead and cell based assays on a single hybrid instrument provides the groundwork for future development of affordable algorithms for HIV monitoring. |
| MoPE0121 | DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN AFFORDABLE REAL TIME ASSAY FOR PLASMA VIRAL LOAD DETERMINATION IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0121 A. Agarwal1, M. Vajpayee1, C. Leutnegger2, V. Sreenivas3, P. Seth4, S. Dandekar5 The assay shows good performance characteristics. The plasma viral load values are correlating well with the clinical and immunological status of the study subjects. The low cost of the developed assay except the initial equipment cost makes it feasible to be used for serial monitoring of viral loads in the resource-poor settings of developing countries. |
| MoPE0122 | USE OF THE DRIED BLOOD SPOT SAMPLE (DBS) IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES IN SENEGAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0122 A. Guèye1, A. Gueye Gaye1, T. Grenade2, K. Bond2, S. Mboup1 DBS sample can be use efficiently to identify HIV infection as for plasma samples in large scale studies. No case falsely negative was noted, however, the DBS seems to give more cases falsely reactive than the plasma (15 for plasma, 40 for DBS); therefore, it is necessary to develop procedures more adapted to the DBS. |
| MoPE0123 | PRELIMINARY APPLICATION OF MUREX HIV AG/AB COMBINATION TO SCREEN HIV WINDOW PERIOD INFECTION IN CHINESE IDUS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0123 W. Xu1, Z. Tuerdi2, G. Qin3, M. Qiu1, H. Yan1, Y. Jiang1 The results show that Murex HIV Ag/Ab Combination could reduce the seroconversion window period by 6.2 days in comparison with third-generation antibody assays and could play important role in screening HIV window period infection. |
| MoPE0124 | COMPARISON OF TWO MANUAL BEAD-BASED ASSAYS (DYANBEADS AND CYTOSPHERES) TO FACSCOUNT AT A PUBLIC, URBAN CLINIC IN KAMPALA, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0124 F. Lutwama1, R. Wasswa1, H. Shihab1, H. Mayanja2, M. Kamya2, A. Ronald3, T. Quinn4, L. Spacek5 Although Dynabeads more accurately measured CD4 than Cytospheres, both methods underestimated CD4 when compared to FC. Our results suggest that manual, lower cost methods may sacrifice accuracy when compared to automated methods. |
| MoPE0125 | HIV CONFIRMATORY TEST ALGORITHM IN LAGOS, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0125 C. Onwuamah1, R. Audu1, J. Onyewuche1, M. Aniedobe1, M. Uwandu1, U. Sylvester-Ikondu1, O. Idigbe2 There is a need to use kits that have high specificity for HIV confirmation in view of the 381/2406 (15.8%) samples that were confirmed to be HIV negative. It is possible that the 43/2406 (1.8%) positive samples on the further testing could have been HIV group O. However, further studies are required to confirm this. It is therefore recommended that laboratories involved in HIV confirmation in Nigeria and in the West African coast, where HIV group O infections have been reported, should use kits that can detect group O. |
| MoPE0126 | EVALUATION OF THE SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF ONE CONFIRMATION OF HIV-1 ANTIBODY URINE WESTERN BLOT TEST KIT IN CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0126 Y. Qi1, S.L. Liu2, G.W. Ding1 The Cambridge urine WB test kit which confirmed HIV-1 antibody of urine specimens had high sensitivity and specificity and also showed almost the same results tested by a licensed WB test in China market, was reliable. It was proposed that this urine confirmation test kit could be introduced in many fields of HIV antibody in China instead of serum confirmation test. |
| MoPE0127 | A PRACTICAL MODEL: INTEGRATION OF HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN INTO THE CONTINUUM OF CARE IN CAMBODIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0127 C. Prang1, N. Pich2, C. Francis2, C. Natpratan2, M. Dunbar3 Poor living conditions and a lack of nutritious food negatively affects children's response to care and treatment. Networks need to expand to encompass a holistic multi-sectoral response to this issue. Psychosocial issues of HIVaffected children and their carers need to be addressed. |
| MoPE0128 | A MODEL FOR THE RISK OF PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECI PNEUMONIA (PCP) PROPHYLAXIS DISCONTINUATION BASED UPON TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNT (TLC) IN HIV-INFECTED ADULTS TREATED WITH HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0128 C. Cheung1, Y. Lo2, J. Shuter1 A sustained rise in TLC to ≥1800 on HAART may potentially serve as a criterion for discontinuing PCP prophylaxis in resource-constrained countries. |
| MoPE0129 | APHERESIS PROCEDURE IN HIV-INFECTED AND NON-INFECTED SUBJECTS: A POWERFUL TOOL FOR THE COLLECTION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS FOR IMMUNE AND VACCINE PURPOSES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0129 C. Grignon1, M.-R. Boulassel1, M. Turmel1, M. Delisle1, C. Goupil1, M. Young1, J.-M. Trepanier2, R.-P. Sekaly2, J.-P. Routy1 The leukapheresis procedure allows collection of a large number of PBMCs which can be used to standardize HIV specific laboratory tests as well as to carry out specific immune and viral analyses. |
| MoPE0130 | CD4+ T CELL ENUMERATION WITH A FLOW RATE-BASED ASSAY IN THREE FLOW CYTOMETERS WITH DIFFERENT YEARS IN SERVICE IN THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0130 P. Chimma1, V. Pobkeeree2, S. Lerdwana1, E. Noulsri1, P. Sratongno1, S. Nookhai2, K. Sukapirom1, K. Fox3, J. Tappero2, K. Pattanapanyasat1 These findings demonstrate that the flow-rate based method is a reliable SP approach for determining CD4 counts, and results do not vary by age of flow cytometer. This approach provides a new cost-effective alternative for HIV patient monitoring in resource-poor settings. |
| MoPE0131 | CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STATUS OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS SEEN AT FIRST HOSPITAL VISIT IN YAOUNDE, CAMEROON Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0131 G. Alemnji1, J. Mbuagbaw2, A. Evina2 The present study show that majority of subjects get to know their HIV status very late, already developing clinical signs and symptoms of AIDS with very low CD4 cell counts. There is need for improvement of early HIV diagnosis strategy through education and voluntary counselling among populations in Africa. |
| MoPE0132 | IDENTIFYING ACUTE HIV INFECTION: POTENTIAL UTILITY OF A STEPWISE POOLING ALGORITHM USING HIV RNA PCR IN A STD CLINIC IN DURBAN, SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0132 A.B. Kharsany, Z. Cele, K. Coetzee, H. Carrara, B.P. Ncama, S.S. Abdool Karim, Q. Abdool Karim The stepwise pooling algorithm using RNA PCR is a feasible and potentially valuable strategy for screening for acute HIV infection in populations at high risk of HIV acquisition such as STD clinic clients. |
| MoPE0133 | LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF HIV ANTIBODIES IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH PROLONGED COMPLETE SUPPRESSION OF HIV VIREMIA ON HAART - COMPARISON WITH HCV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0133 A. Amor1, C. Toro2, V. Jiménez2, A. Simón2, B. Ramos2, V. Soriano2 Although seroversion in chronically HIV-1-infected patients under HAART with long-standing undetectable viremia seems to be a rare event can occurs and be misdiagnosed in confirmatory test based on the detection of synthetic peptides. In contrast HCV antibodies tended to decline over time following HCV eradication either spontaneously or after successful treatment. |
| MoPE0134 | HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) INFECTIONS: SEROPREVALENCE IN DOUALA, CAMEROON Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0134 M. Djuidje Ngounoue1, N. Ndembi2, M. Mbangue3, H. Leundji3, H. Fosto Kuate3, M. Tonye3, C. Njopa3, M. Fotue3, R. Njouom4, P. Moundipa Fewou1, L. Kaptue2 HIV infection is more prevalent in Cameroon than HCV infection; HIV-infected persons are younger than HCV infected patients. |
| MoPE0135 | MAKING A WORKING CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF HIV INFECTION IN INFANTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0135 R. Ntozini, ZVITAMBO Study Group Use of clinical signs alone is inevitably imperfect for diagnosing HIV infection in infants. However, in resource-poor circumstances a simple clinical algorithm can identify children to whom can be offered focussed support or referral to better equipped distant centres. Program managers can make informed choices as to the sensitivity and specificity of the criteria, and the number of criteria, they wish to use. |
| MoPE0136 | COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF FOUR COMMERCIAL HIV-1 VIRAL LOAD (VL) ASSAYS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0136 P. Braun1, R. Ehret1, F. Zabbai1, R. Kühn2, S. Thamm3, G. Warnat4, H. Knechten1 The assays were comparable in sensitivity and specificity. The VL values varied, with a mean difference between 0.1 and 0.4 log. This should be considered when monitoring the same person with different systems. |
| MoPE0137 | THE NEW EIA ASSAY FOR RELIABLE CONFIRMATION OF HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0137 T. Ulanova, E. Baranova, I. Sharipova, N. Denisova, V. Puzyrev, A. Obriadina, A. Burkov The received results demonstrated high diagnostic efficiency of new supplemental assay. Opportunity of definition p24 antigen and high specificity allow reducing number IND received by WB. |
| MoPE0138 | IMPACT OF WHO EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT (EQA) PROGRAM ON THE LABORATORY PERFORMANCE FOR CD4 ENUMERATION FOR MONITORING OF ARV THERAPY IN RESOURCE LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0138 G. Vercauteren1, H. Aggett2, F. Mandy3, D. Glencross2 CD4 counts play an important role in the decision making process for initiating and monitoring ART. Thus, ensuring reliable results through investment in EQA program are key for individual patients and for cost-effective public health expenditure. |
| MoPE0139 | SHORT-TERM RISK OF AIDS OR DEATH AMONG HIV-1-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS PRIOR TO WIDESPREAD AVAILABILITY OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0139 M.H.Y. Badri, S.D. Lawn, R. Wood In this study, risk of AIDS in patents with CD4 count < 200 cells/mL or those with CD4 count > 350 cells/mL was similar to that previously reported from European cohorts, but among those with CD4 cell counts 200 – 350 cells/mL, however, was 1.9-fold greater. A high mortality rate prior to development of AIDS and a high risk of AIDS among those with CD4 cell counts 200 – 350 cells/mL indicate that delay in ART initiation is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. |
| MoPE0140 | THE EVALUATION OF CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTES PROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAM OF MULTI-MACHINES IN CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0140 Y. Xiao1, J. Feng1, H. Zhang1, F.F. Mandy2, Y. Jiang1 The performance of the first evaluation of CD4+ T lymphocytes proficiency testing program in China is satisfactory, and the statistic data show most Flowcytometry laboratories in China work well. |
| MoPE0141 | SUPARNOSTIC™, A NOVEL AND SIMPLE ASSAY FOR MONITORING HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0141 J. Eugen-Olsen1, A. Stausgaard1, L. Kahns1, J. Kyhse-Andersen2, K. Teversham3 A simple and strongly prognostic assay of HIV-1 disease progression has been developed. Knowledge of both CD4 cell count and suPARnostic value may aid in clinical decision making on when to initiate ART. |
| MoPE0142 | ENHANCING ACCESS TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN KENYA THROUGH A SPECIMEN REFERRAL NETWORK FOR CD4 TESTING: A RURAL REGION/PROVINCE EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0142 E. Opiyo1, L. Nyabiage2, M. Ernest Pancras3, J. Omondi4, B. Marston5, P. Tukei6, KEMRI/CDC Laboratory Infrastructure Support Group By taking the sample to the laboratory, rather than the laboratory to the people, linkage of the laboratory treatment and care program is achieved thereby increasing access to ART. |
| MoPE0143 | THE INFLUENCE OF CD4 CELL COUNTS, VIRAL LOADS AND ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT OF LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION OF ADULT HIV/AIDS PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0143 W. van den Heever, S. Steenkamp The physician of an adult HIV/AIDS patient should consider an echocardiogram when the CD4 count falls below 100 copies/ml, and/or when the viral load exceeds 100 000RNA copies/ml in order to identify those patients who have left ventricular dysfunction and how might therefore benefit from the treatment with appropriate medication. |
| MoPE0144 | CD4+ COUNT TESTING PROGRAM STRATEGY FOR HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN GUYANA: A MODEL FOR RESOURCE LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0144 C. Anude1, M. Bateganya1, R. Guidry1, L. Hardy1, P. Mohammed2, S. Singh3, A. Pierce4, T. Denny5, G. Pemberton6 Countires with limited resources can provide high quality, sustainable CD4 testing servicies utilizing a phased approach and a network model to roll-out CD4 testing and contain costs. MOH leadership and effective partnerships for technical assistance and training are essential to scale-up of sustainable technologic advances in HIV/AIDS care in resourceconstrained. |
| MoPE0145 | VALIDATION OF OBJECTIVE RESPONSE TO THERAPY CRITERIA IN SMEAR-NEGATIVE TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS FROM A HIGH HIV PREVALENCE SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0145 D. Wilson1, C. Morroni2, J. Nachega3, R. Chaisson4, G. Maartens5 Sputum smear negative tuberculosis (SNTB) is a common cause of death in high HIV prevalence settings in developing countries with limited access to mycobacterial culture. Objective response to therapy (RTT) criteria in HIV-infected adults with SNTB have been developed: in an interim analysis we evaluated these criteria in SNTB patients from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. |
| MoPE0146 | THE ARK EFV-TEST (™): A RAPID, AUTOMATED IMMUNOASSAY FOR THERAPEUTIC DRUG, MONITORING OF EFAVIRENZ Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0146 M. Helms1, D. Holland2, R. Espina-Quinto2, E. Stefanski2, B. Moon1, J. Valdez1, J. Connor2 ARK's EFV-Test™ for measuring efavirenz in plasma was validated. The test is an automated enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that requires minimal expertise, small sample volume, no sample pre-treatment, and provides the first result within 30 minutes. All reagents are supplied ready-to-use. This test shows good correlation with HPLC and is well-suited for routine TDM use. This test may also provide a cost-effective way to determine EFV concentrations in areas with high HIV prevalence and limited testing resources. |
| MoPE0147 | DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING OF PAEDIATRIC HIV-1 INFECTION BY AN ULTRASENSITIVE HIV-1 P24 ASSAY ADAPTED TO DRIED BLOOD SPOT SPECIMENS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0147 M.C. Knuchel1, B. Jullu2, C. Shah1, Z. Tomasik1, M. Stoeckle3, R.F. Speck4, D. Nadal5, H. Mshinda2, J. Böni1, M. Tanner3, J. Schüpbach1 In subtype C predominant areas, DBS-p24 assay is an inexpensive and valid alternative to PCR-based tests for early diagnosis of paediatric HIV-1 infection. It has the potential to promote paediatric HIV-1 care by decentralizing paediatric screening, and could substantially contribute to the rollout of paediatric programs in low-resource settings. |
| MoPE0148 | PROVISION OF HIV CARE IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS: STATUS OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS AT FIRST PRESENTATION IN CAMEROON Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0148 P. Kenmogne, D. Kamdem, C. Ngansop, N. Ndembi, L. Kaptue Most cases of HIV infection seem to be diagnosed late. It also appears that low rate of patients under ART may account for this situation. The cost of antiretroviral drugs should prompt the clinician to diagnose HIV infection and initiate therapy earlier. |
| MoPE0149 | NUCLISENS® EASYMAG AND NUCLISENS® EASYQ HIV-1 COMBINATION EXHIBITS EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0149 A. Buiting1, T. Oosterlaken2, M. de Kock2, F. Simons2, I. Berghuis2 The combination of NucliSens miniMAG or easyMAG magnetic extraction with NucliSens EasyQ HIV-1 real-time viral load determination showed to be efficient and reliable. HIV-1 viral load monitoring is subtype independent and quantitative over a broad range. While NucliSens miniMAG extraction provides a cost efficient solution for low or medium throughput laboratories, NucliSens easyMAG extraction is optimally suited for high volume labs by offering high throughput and high level of user convenience. |
| MoPE0150 | EVALUATION OF DRIED BLOOD SPOTS (DBS) FOR HIV-1 ANTIBODY TESTING IN ETHIOPIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0150 D. Kassa, D. Tessema, H. Melese, T. Messele, W. Tamene, Z. Ahmedin, M. Tebeje, A. Adane, N. Gezahegn, D. Wolday Our results showed DBS underestimated positive results mainly at low OD level which could be due to the low blood volume in the spot or other reasons. Although DBS is an alternative candidate for serosurvey, we suggest that further optimization of the assay should be undertaken. However, the highest concordance between DBS and plasma in the positive specimens in Enzygnost HIV-1/2 was due to the characteristic of the assay which missed most positive of DBS as well as plasma with relatively low OD values. |
| MoPE0151 | SENSITIVITY OF TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNT AS A PREDICTOR OF CD4 COUNT IN ARV NAÏVE HIV PATIENTS AT JUTH, JOS, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0151 M. Akanbi1, T. Babafemi2, L. Welty2, J. Idoko3, I. Samson3, N. Gwamzhi3, R. Murphy2 In these WHO stage 2 patients from a resource-limited setting, TLC <1200 cell/mm3 was a poor predictor of CD4 count <200 cells/mm3. Over half of patients with CD4 count <200 would have been inappropriately excluded by TLC-guided treatment with a cut-off of 1200. |
| MoPE0152 | ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF BACTERIAL OPPORTUNISTIC RESPIRATORY PATHOGENS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0152 N. Idika1, M. Aniedebe2 The results have shown that normal bacterial flora of the sputum and Enterobacteriacae have the potentials for respiratory infections in HIV infections. The antibiotic patterns obtained will aid the management of HIV in Nigeria. |
| MoPE0153 | HIV RAPID TESTING FOR SCALING UP HIV PREVENTION EFFORTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0153 A. Sands1, G. Vercauteren1, G. Beelaert2, K. Fransen2 A total of 19 HIV rapid tests have been evaluated by WHO and were comparable in performance to commonly available enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). The simpler rapid test procedure (relative to EIAs) means that they can be used outside the traditional laboratory settings. It is imperative that provision be made for independent evaluations of HIV rapid tests in the setting of intended use. |
| MoPE0154 | THE FALSE POSITIVE RATE OF ANTENATAL HIV SCREENING IS VERY HIGH IN JAPAN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0154 R. Yamada1, T. Shima2, M. Imai2, I. Genka3, M. Ogane3, M. Kawado4, H. Taniguchi5, Y. Tsukahara6, N. Inaba7, Cooperative Study Group on HIV Infected Pregnant Women and Mother-to-Child Transmission in Japan, The Study Group on the Development of HIV Testing Systems in Japan Almost all clients who are positive by HIV single screening test are false positive because the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women in Japan is very low (about 0.02%). A counseling system especially for pregnant women will be necessary before reporting the result of HIV sero-status to clients to avoid mental stress. |
| MoPE0155 | USER SURVEY ON HIV LOAD (VL) TEST SPECIFICATIONS SUITABLE FOR MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0155 G. Gonsalves1, M. Guillerm2, I. de Wouters3, M. Dineva3, H. Lee3 VL assay designed for resource limited settings should be rapid (result <2 hours), simple, inexpensive, robust and stable at room temperature and high humidity, does not require complex instruments or specialized laboratory facilities. Availability of VL tests, suitable for peripheral health care levels, is crucial for infant diagnosis and treatment monitoring in the developing world, but will only be feasible if new, simple and rapid VL tests, such as visual dipstick-based assays are developed. |
| MoPE0156 | HIV REAL-TIME PCR ASSAY COBAS AMPLIPREP/COBAS TAQMAN HIV-1 TEST IN COMPARISON TO THE BAYER BDNA ASSAY VERSANT HIV-1 RNA V3.0 AND THE ROCHE COBAS AMPLICOR HIV MONITOR TEST V1.5 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0156 H. Jaeger1, E. Wolf2, E. Jaegel-Guedes2, W. Chantratita3, W. Schumacher4 The comparison study demonstrates equivalence in the capabilities to quantify HIV viral load. The CAP/CTM HIV-1 Test is a robust real time PCR assay suited for reliable monitoring of HIV-1 viral load in EDTA plasma. The fully automated assay system combines IVD compliance with a high clinical sensitivity, specificity and broad measuring range. (note: COBAS, AmpliPrep and TaqMan are trademarks of Roche.) |
| MoPE0157 | HOW DOES THE PERFORMANCE OF HIV DOUBLE RAPID TESTS COMPARE WITH WESTERN BLOT CONFIRMATION IN RESOURCE CONSTRAINT SETTINGS? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0157 G. Imade1, A. Momoh1, H. Fadeware1, A. Ani1, C. Mullins2, A. Sagay1, D. Egah1, J.-L. Sankale2, J. Idoko1, P. Kanki2 With only 0.6% discordance, double rapid tests compares well with Western blot. In economically constraint settings where HIV treatment and care are being scaled up, the use of double rapid tests which are cheaper and faster is justifiable. |
| MoPE0158 | DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED DATABASE AND DATA COLLATION SYSTEM FOR MONITORING AND EVALUATING THE PUBLIC SECTOR ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT (ART) IN THE FREE STATE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0158 L. Fairall1, G. Staniland2, M. Msimanga3, V. Timmerman3, L. Goedele4, M. Bachmann5, C. van Vuuren6, D. Steyn6, D. Goedhals7, R. Nhiwatiwa6, E. Bateman1, M. Zwarenstein8, C. Lombard9, C. Seebregts3, P. Shai-Mhatu10, R. Chapman10 Data quality remains the most challenging aspect of information systems for monitoring and evaluation. The next phase will be to feed information back to the health care workers and patients to give them the benefit of information systems and to encourage better input data quality. |
| MoPE0159 | RECURRENCE OF TUBERCULOSIS (TB) IN HIV-NEGATIVE AND HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS AFTER TREATMENT WITH 8 MONTH TUBERCULOSIS REGIMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0159 C. Bellot1, L. Jean1, M.-A. Charles2, D.W. Fitzgerald2, W.D. Johnson2, J.W. Pape2 CDC class A HIV-infected patients with TB have very high rate of recurrence with TBTX with only 2 months of RIF. They should receive both INH and RIF during the entire duration of TB therapy. This has major implications for national TB programs. |
| MoPE0160 | EVALUATION OF REGULATORY T CELLS DYNAMICS DURING MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS DISEASE IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0160 L. Gazzola1, M. Saresella2, A. Bandera3, I. Marventano2, G. Ferrario3, F. Zanini3, P. Ferrante2, A. d'Arminio Monforte1, M. Clerici4, F. Franzetti3, A. Gori1, M. Bongiovanni5 We demonstrate that in HIV+ patients TB is associated with a reduction in peripheral CD4+Tregs. This reduction followed by a prompt increase after TB-treatment suggests a possible critical role of Treg compartment in the pathogenesis of HIV/TB co-infection supporting the explanation for a more rapid HIV progression in co-infected patients. |
| MoPE0161 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0161 Abstract not available. |
| MoPE0162 | REPRODUCIBILITY OF AN IFN-γ BASED ASSAY AND CONCORDANCE WITH THE TUBERCULIN SKIN TEST AMONG HIV-INFECTED PEOPLE LIVING IN A TB-ENDEMIC REGION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0162 K.L. Williams1, K.M. Tan2, G.H. Mazurek2, T. Agizew1, S. Nyirenda1, B. Mosimaneotsile1, O. Motsamai3, P.H. Kilmarx4, C.D. Wells2, T. Samandari1 Among PLWH, concordance between QFTGIT at SV and TST was similar to previous studies, but QFTGIT reproducibility was lower than expected. People with low CD4 counts were less likely to be TST or QFTGIT positive. While boosting by TST may contribute to QFTGIT conversion, other factors may significantly impact test reproducibility. |
| MoPE0163 | SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF A SPARFLOXACILLIN-SUPPLEMENTED TREATMENT REGIMEN FOR CATEGORY II TUBERCULOSIS IN ADULT HIV-INFECTED NIGERIANS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0163 D. Onwujekwe1, O. Akinbami1, R. Adu1, P. Ezeobi1, T. Gbaja-Biamilla1, O. Ezechi1, N. Odunukwe1, C. Onubogu2, R. Audu2, O. Idigbe3 Sparfloxacillin based re-treatment regimen has been shown in this study to be efficacious and safe in HIV positive category II patients in absence of second line anti-TB drugs. However, considering the small sample size, a larger study is required to confirm this finding. |
| MoPE0164 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0164 Abstract not available. |
| MoPE0165 | HIGH RISK FOR POST-PARTUM TUBERCULOSIS (TB) AMONG HIV-INFECTED WOMEN AND THEIR INFANTS: IS IT TIME TO CONSIDER TARGETED INH PROPHYLAXIS IN INDIA? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0165 A. Gupta1, U. Nayak2, R. Bhosale3, M. Ram2, S. Patil3, A. Basavraj4, A. Kakrani4, S. Philip5, J. Choi1, J. Sethi3, J. Sastry5, R. Bollinger1, MIT-BJMC-JHU Study Group Mothers with HIV-infection in Pune had a high risk of post-partum TB, with ∼60% of cases occurring among women with CD4>200. Maternal TB was also associated with a high risk of maternal and infant death, as well as infant TB and exposure of infants to the risks of INH/rifampin prophylaxis. Targeted use of post-partum maternal INH prophylaxis for HIV-infected women should be considered in India, to reduce maternal and infant morbidity/mortality. |
| MoPE0166 | CLINICAL OUTCOMES AMONG TB/HIV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS ENROLLED IN ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPHY (ART) IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0166 S. Reid1, J. Levy1, M. Jham1, D. Pankratz1, N. Kancheya2, S. Kaminsa-Kabanje1, V. Jurkuvenas3, M. Kimerling3 At baseline, co-infected patients on TB therapy have significantly worse clinical profiles than non-TB patients. Despite this, TB patients diagnosed prior to placement on ART seem to have similar survival compared to non-TB patients. However, mortality may have been underestimated in the TB group as TB diagnoses were likely missed due to smear negatives and limited diagnostic capacity and these deaths would be included in the non-TB group. Active case-finding with prompt diagnosis and initiation of TB therapy remain critical in this patient population. |
| MoPE0167 | HIV/TB CONCOMITANT THERAPY WITH RIFAMPICIN: FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH A FAVORABLE VIROLOGIC RESPONSE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0167 F. Sant´Anna1, M. Costa1, L. Velasque1, C. Schmaltz1, M.C. Lourenço2, M. Morgado3, B. Grinsztejn1, V. Rolla1 In naïve patients EFV regimens showed better efficacy and tolerance. A trend to a favorable virologic response and better tolerance was observed for RTV-SQV in the PE group. |
| MoPE0168 | INTEGRATION OF TUBERCULOSIS (TB) AND HIV CARE IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0168 S. Kaminsa-Kabanje1, M. Jham1, N. Kancheya2, V. Jurkuvenas3, M. Kimerling3, S. Reid1 Through program assessment, clinic mapping and clinic-based cross training, the integration of TB/HIV care and diagnostic screening is feasible and can improve co-management and case referral. |
| MoPE0169 | WHERE ARE THE TB PATIENTS HIDING? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0169 P. Maro1, B. Corrigan2, D. Mandwa3 Renewed efforts must be made to find sputum positive TB patients who are sick home. Training home based care nurses to identify the patients who might have Pulmonary Tuberculosis and to initiate investigations can help in this detection campaign. Bringing in to the open the number of TB patients now "hiding" at home may bring Tanzania nearer to achieving the WHO target of TB Infections. |
| MoPE0170 | DIFFERENCES IN PRESENTATION, OUTCOME AND SYSTEMIC INVOLVEMENT BETWEEN HIV+ AND IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENTS WITH OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN AN INDIGENT CLINIC POPULATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0170 A. Nagpal, R. Lieberman, R. Fischer In this series, systemic manifestations were significantly higher than those in the negative group.The final visual acuity of patients with ocular manifestations of TB treated with 4 drug therapy was excellent, with 76% of immunocompetent eyes >20/50, and 41% >20/25 in long term follow up (mean 7.25 months). The final visual acuity of HIV+ patients was also excellent, with 50% of eyes >20/25 at the 12 month follow up point. Previous HAART therapy may impact on final visual acuity, although this was a small cohort. Our HIV + patients not on HAART therapy at the time of initiation of TB treatment developed more complications. Uveitis responded equally well in patients with or without documented pulmonary disease. |
| MoPE0171 | MDR-TB IN HIV/AIDS - MUMBAI EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0171 S. Joshi1, R. Parikh2, N. Ramraje3, J. Dikshit4, D. Kelkar4 There is an urgent need to revisit the use of appropriate anti-TB in both HIV & non-HIV Indian patients to prevent the rapid spread of MDR TB in the HIV cohort. MDR TB with DM is difficult to treat. |
| MoPE0172 | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY REDUCES RISK OF TB AMONG SOUTHERN AFRICAN GOLD MINERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0172 G.J. Churchyard1, K.L. Fielding2, S. Charalambous3, J. Whetham4, L. Pemba3, J. Day2, A.D. Grant2 TB incidence was significantly reduced by ART. TB risk on ART remains strongly associated with baseline CD4 count. TB incidence on ART remains unacceptably high. Additional strategies are required to further reduce TB incidence among HIV-infected individuals on ART. |
| MoPE0173 | ACCEPTANCE OF ISONIAZID PREVENTIVE THERAPY (IPT) BY PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV-1 (PLWH) IN TANZANIA, 2001 – 2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0173 P. Munseri1, E.A. Talbot2, S. Tvaroha2, S. Kimambo1, M. Bakari1, K. Pallangyo1, C.F. von Reyn2 In this ambulatory population of PLWH, acceptance of IPT was high, most were compliant with therapy, and side effects were infrequent. However, active TB was common among those screened. To avoid generation of INH resistance, access to measures to exclude active TB must exist alongside any national IPT programme. |
| MoPE0174 | TUBERCULOSIS DETECTED BY THE CHEST X-RAY AND/OR SYMPTOM SCREENING AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) IN CHIANG RAI, NORTHERN THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0174 S. Moolphate1, D. Chaisangrit1, T. Kulprayong1, S. Sumanapun2, S. Buranabanjasatean3, S. Piyaworawong3, H. Yanai1, N. Yamada4 A combination of individual symptom screening and X-ray may be considered for TB screening as this may be useful to detect TB without typical symptoms of TB among PLWHA with low CD4. |
| MoPE0175 | PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF TUBERCULOSIS IN AN ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT (ART) PROGRAMME IN SOUTH AFRICA: RISK FACTORS AND IMPACT ON ART OUTCOMES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0175 S. Lawn1, L. Myer2, L.-G. Bekker1, R. Wood1 A huge burden of TB exists in this ART programme. TB risk decreases with increasing duration of ART and is dependent upon current CD4 cell count alone. However, TB risk reduction is incomplete and incidence rates remain >5-fold higher than background after 3 years ART. Incident TB does not, however, compromise ART outcomes in this programme. |
| MoPE0176 | NON-TUBERCULAR MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN INDIAN AIDS PATIENTS DIAGNOSED BY GENUS AND SPECIES SPECIFIC 16S RRNA AND NOVEL ESAT-6 POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION PRIMERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0176 S. Singh1, S. Shahdad1, P. Sharma2 Non-tubercular Mycobacteria are common in Indian AIDS patients. Combination of genus specific PCR primers with our ESAT-6 primer set could provide accurate and rapid species specific diagnosis of tuberculosis which is very important for patient management. |
| MoPE0177 | TUBERCULOSIS AND HIV/AIDS CO-INFECTION: SURVIVAL ANALYSIS ON PRE HAART ERA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0177 E.R. Lagonegro1, M.R.D.O. Latorre2, R.C.M. Succi3, I.N. Cotta4, R.T. Rodrigues5 Nowadays, in populations where access and compliance to AIDS treatment is limited, AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses remain the highest mortality rate cause in HAART era. Rio de Janeiro/Caracas AIDS case definition is still a good surrogate marker for underdeveloped countries that also show high prevalence of TB rate. |
| MoPE0178 | MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS (MDR TB) AT AN HIV VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING CENTER IN HAITI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0178 P. Joseph1, P. Severe1, S. Ferdinand2, K.S. Goh2, C. Sola2, N. Rastogi2, J.W. Pape3, D. Fitzgerald4 MDR-TB was common at an HIV VCT center in Port au Prince, Haiti. The association between HIV infection and primary TB drug resistance raises concerns for a negative synergy between the emerging epidemics of drug resistant TB and HIV. Scale up of HIV counseling and testing in developing countries must be coordinated with TB control programs. |
| MoPE0179 | THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS AT THE MILDMAY CENTRE BEFORE AND IN THE TIME OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY USE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0179 S. Baingana, B. Mukasa, Y. Karamagi Antiretroviral therapy is associated with tuberculosis treatment completion and among adults, less adverse events. Approaches to follow-up, description of the correlates of adherence in this population is required for optimal intervention. |
| MoPE0180 | DISSEMINATED MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN AIDS PATIENTS: RAPID SPECIES IDENTIFICATION IN HAEMOCULTURE BY USING MULTIPROBES REAL TIME PCR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0180 S. Foongladda1, S. Pholwat1, B. Eampokalap2, P. Kiratisin1, R. Sutthent1 The assay described here is useful for the rapid species identification of AFB positive haemoculture of AIDS patients and may be useful for the direct detection in clinical specimens. |
| MoPE0181 | FAVORABLE OUTCOMES OF THE INTEGRATION OF TB AND HIV TREATMENT IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA: THE SIZONQ'OBA STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0181 N. Gandhi1, A. Moll2, R. Pawinski3, K. Zeller4, U. Lalloo3, G. Friedland5 Integration of TB and HIV treatment has resulted in increased access to ART and favorable therapeutic outcomes for both HIV and TB. This integrated strategy may be effective for initiating ART in other rural resource-poor settings where TB DOTS infrastructures already exist. |
| MoPE0182 | TUBERCULOUS OTITIS MEDIA IN HIV POSITIVE UGANDAN CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0182 B. Nsangi Kintu1, A. Kekitiinwa1, M. Sekadde2, E. Namulema2, S. Bakeera-Kitaka2 Patients presenting with chronic suppurative otitis media need to be assessed more critically. In future, analyzing for AAFBs on all ear swabs is to be done and future studies should examine the incidence of TBOM. |
| MoPE0183 | EXPANSION OF DTC SERVICES IN NYANZA PROVINCE, KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0183 J. Onyango1, G. Akeche2, J. Odhiambo3, B. Marston4 Rapid scale up of DTC services is feasible in MOH facilities without increasing staff. Because of high coinfection rates, rapid scale up of HIV testing in the TB clinics is a priority intervention to assure access to cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and ARVs. |
| MoPE0184 | INTENSIFIED CASE FINDING FOR PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AMONG HIV-INFECTED PERSONS FROM A VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING CLINIC IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0184 N.S. Shah1, M. Demissie2, G. Teshager2, L. Lambert1, E. Lemma3, E. Seife4, T. Kebede2, Z. Melaku5, S. Lulseged2, C. Wells1, T. Wuhib2, L. Nelson1 High rates of TB were identified among this population of newly-diagnosed HIV-infected persons attending a VCT clinic. Although HIV-infected TB patients may have significant immunosuppression, symptom screening appears to be high-yield for identifying TB suspects. Yield of smear microscopy improved with concentration, but remained low. More sensitive diagnostic tests and algorithms are urgently needed for improved TB screening and diagnosis in HIV-infected persons. |
| MoPE0185 | RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF ISONIAZID PREVENTIVE THERAPY, ADMINISTERED BY PATIENT-NOMINATED SUPERVISORS, IN ADVANCED HIV DISEASE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0185 A.A. Mohammed1, L. Myer2, R. Ehrlich2, R. Wood3, F. Cilliers4, G. Maartens5 These data suggest that IPT is not effective among TST negative individuals with advanced HIV disease. The TB incidence in the placebo arm was lower than we anticipated, possibly due to excluding patients with TB within 5 years. Good adherence was achieved with patient-nominated supervisors. |
| MoPE0186 | THEORETICAL OUTCOMES OF THREE ALTERNATIVE SCREENING AND TREATMENT STRATEGIES FOR LATENT TB INFECTION AMONG HIV-INFECTED PERSONS IN A REGION WITH HIGH DRUG RESISTANCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0186 E. Nardell1, T. Mathew1, A. Golubkov2, G.G. Peremitin3, E.N. Pronina4, R. Mazitov2, M. Rich1, S. Keshavjee1, I. Gelmanova2, S. Shin1, J. Mukherjee1, J.J. Furin1 Tomsk Oblast, Siberia, population 1,000,000, has more than 1000 registered HIV patients and 81 per 100,000 cases of TB, including 32% INH (H) resistance and 11.2% MDR-TB among new cases. The official Russian strategy for treating latent TB infection (LTBI) among HIV-positive persons uses a 15 mm tuberculin skin test (TST) positive cut-off, and 3 months of isoniazid (3H). A second 3 months of H is recommended if the TST remains positive. An alternative strategy (AS) being considered uses a 5 mm cut-off and 3 months of both H and rifampin (3HR). A third possible strategy (AS2), not being considered, would eliminate TST testing and treat all HIV patients for LTBI with 3HR. We project possible outcomes of these strategies. |
| MoPE0187 | PATTERN OF RADIOGRAPHIC CHEST CHANGES IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS IN IBADAN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0187 E. Ekpenyong1, M. Obajimi1, G. Ogbole1, Y. Aken'Ova2, S. Olarinoye1, Y. Osuagwu1 No obvious chest radiographic pattern was seen nevertheless pulmonary tuberculosis is the commonest chest radiographic abnormality in HIV/AIDS. The importance of chest radiograph cannot be overemphasized. |
| MoPE0188 | OUTCOMES OF DOTS AMONG HIV/TB CO-INFECTED PERSONS IN A COMMUNITY AND HOME-BASED CARE AND SUPPORT PROJECT IN PUNE, INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0188 J. Gogia1, D. Vichare1, P. Deshpande2, M. Toshniwal2, S. Mukherjee1, H. Alderfer3 GO-NGO partnership in HIV/TB program coordination can positively influence early detection and initiation of DOTS for people living with HIV/AIDS. Results support the theory that integration of more than one-program, e.g. CHBC for HIV and DOTS for TB, makes programs more efficient and can result in more positive treatment outcomes. |
| MoPE0189 | IMPROVING TB/HIV CO-INFECTION SERVICES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0189 V. Boguslavsky, Quality Assurance Project While the concept of interdisciplinary collaboration is not new, the improvement collaborative has operationalized in a purpose-oriented way that makes is effective for countries where services are fragmented due to separate budgeting and controlled by the national governments. |
| MoPE0190 | RISK OF ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS (TB) AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF TUBERCULOSIS AMONG TAHOD PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0190 J. Zhou1, J. Elliott1, R. Ditangco2, S. Pujari3, P.L. Lim4, S. Kiertiburanakul5, T. Parwati Merati6, N. Kumarasamy7, M. Law1, on behalf of TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database Although the overall rate of TB was higher than that seen in western countries, the risk factors identified were similar. In TAHOD, patients with TB only had better survival than patients with other AIDS illnesses. |
| MoPE0191 | IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT IN HIV-TB CO-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0191 P. Chandrasekaran, S. Swaminathan, V. Perumal, P.A. Menon, N. Gopalan, P. Chinnaiyan, S. Subramanian Tuberculosis causes a further deterioration of immune status in HIV-infected patients; this appears to be more pronounced in patients with higher CD4 cell counts (> 250 cells/mm3). These findings underscore the importance of TB prevention as well as the increased need for antiretroviral drugs once TB develops. |
| MoPE0192 | CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND OUTCOME OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS IN THE HAART ERA IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0192 C. Schmaltz1, S. Souza1, F. Marinho1, M. Morgado2, C. Lourenço3, G. Lopes4, V. Rolla1 Mortality among HIV-infected patients complicated with TB is lower in the HAART era. However, TB-related mortality is still significantly higher among HIV-infected patients compared with HIV-negative patients. HIV negative patients are less compliant to TB treatment than co-infected patients. |
| MoPE0193 | TREATMENT OUTCOMES FOR HIV-INFECTED TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN LATVIA, 1999 – 2004 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0193 I. Morozova1, V. Riekstina1, T. Holtz2, C.D. Wells2, V. Leimane1 Relatively high levels of treatment success can be achieved among HIV-infected TB patients without MDR TB under good program conditions. However, HIV-infected MDR TB patients present a difficult clininical management situation and are at considerably greater risk for treatment default, failure, or death. Further evaluation of risk factors for poor treatment outcomes among these patients and for the impact of dual treatment with antiretroviral therapy for HIV warrant further investigation. |
| MoPE0194 | PATTERNS AND RESULTS OF TB SKIN TESTING IN HIV/AIDS CLINICS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0194 L. Kunches, N. Reinhalter, L. Hirschhorn, J. Musolino, Massachusetts Department of Public Health and Boston Public Health Commission Clinical Quality Management Group TB screening is fairly consistent in newly-diagnosed HIV patients, but ongoing TST routines vary and have low yield. In Massachusetts, recognizing risk factors for new positive TSTs and active TB can help clinics target their efforts. |
| MoPE0195 | PATIENT SATISFACTION AND UNDERSTANDING AMONG HIV-INFECTED SUBJECTS IN A TUBERCULOSIS VACCINE TRIAL IN TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0195 J. Lyimo1, L. Adams2, L. Mtei1, R. Waddell2, C.F. von Reyn2 Most HIV-infected subjects in a clinical trial in Tanzania were satisfied with their participation despite long waiting times. Even though the requirement to report intercurrent illness had been explained during the consent process, many subjects did not report illness and hospitalization. Improved methods are needed for encouraging subjects to report illness and hospitalization. |
| MoPE0196 | ACTIVE CASE FINDING OF TUBERCULOSIS IN A SETTING OF HIGH HIV PREVALENCE: TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED MODEL OF TB AND HIV HEALTH CARE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0196 J. Sekandi Nabbuye, D. Neuhauser, K.A. Smyth, C.C. Whalen The Active TB Case Finding strategy coupled with HIV testing could be an effective approach to enhance early entry into care for TB and HIV co-infected individuals. |
| MoPE0197 | RECURRENT TUBERCULOSIS FROM RWANDESE PATIENTS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT STRAINS OF M. TUBERCULOSIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0197 A.U. Nyaruhirira1, I.C. Shamputa1, M. Struelens2, E. Karita3, F. Portaels1, Laboratoire de réference national, Rwanda; Hopital Saint Pierre Bruxelles Analysis of clinical data suggests that in a setting with a high risk of tuberculosis infection, HIV1/2 increases the risk of recurrent tuberculosis because of an increases risk of reinfection. Interventions to prevent recurrent disease, such as lifelong chemoprophylaxis or antiretroviral treatments in HIV positive patients are necessary and recommended. |
| MoPE0198 | TUBERCULOSIS ORIFICIALIS IN TWO HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS (2 CASES) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0198 B. Kavina, M.V. Rao, F.E. Bilimoria As tuberculosis is one of the most commonest opportunistic infection in HIV-Positive patients in our country, any genital slowly progressing and slowly healing lesions should be investigated for tuberculous ulceration. |
| MoPE0199 | RESPONSE TO THRICE WEEKLY DOTS ANTI-TB TREATMENT IN HIV SEROPOSITIVE AND HIV SERONEGATIVE TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN PUNE, INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0199 S. Tripathy1, V. Inamdar2, A. Anand1, M. Bhausar3, A. Datte3, S. Mehendale4, K. Kishore4, R. Powar5, A. Risbud6, R. Paranjape7 The cure rates in HIV-infected pulmonary TB patients (82 out of 113) were significantly lower than in the HIV negative group (135 out of 148) [(p<0.001)]. The mortality rates among HIV seropositive pulmonary TB patients were significantly higher in HIV positive patients (23 of 113) compared with that in HIV seronegative patients (4 of 148) (p<0.01). |
| MoPE0200 | DOTS STRATEGY IS NOT ABLE TO ACHIEVE GOOD TREATMENT OUTCOME DUE TO THE HIGH DEATH RATE AMONG TB PATIENTS UNDER THE INTEGRATED TB/HIV PROGRAM IN THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0200 P. Khortwong, O. Auysin, J. Vongspanich, P. Satasit, T. Siraprapasiri The activities for integrated TB/HIV Program have been successfully implemented into local health care system. Causes of deaths among TB/HIV should be investigated in order to further improve treatment outcome in this target population. |
| MoPE0201 | EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF DOUBLE BOOSTED SAQUINAVIR (SQV)/LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) IN NUCLEOSIDE PRE-TREATED CHILDREN AT 48 WEEKS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0201 P. Kosalaraksa1, T. Bunupuradah2, C. Engchanil1, P. Boonrak2, J. Intasan2, S. Ubolyam2, C. Pancharoen1, P. Lumbiganond1, D. Burger3, K. Ruxrungtham4, M. Schutz5, J. Ananworanich6, The HIV-NAT 017 Study Team Double boosted SQV/LPV/r showed significant CD4 rise and VL decline at 48 weeks. Poor adherence caused VL failure in 10%. No progression of HIV disease was seen. Mild ARV-related AE were common. TG and LDL were significantly increased. |
| MoPE0202 | LACK OF PI RESISTANCE IN CHILDREN FAILING DOUBLE BOOSTED SAQUINAVIR (SQV)/LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) COMBINATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0202 T. Bunupuradah1, P. Kosalaraksa2, C. Engchanil2, S. Sirivichayakul1, J. Intasan1, S. Ubolyam1, C. Pancharoen3, P. Lumbiganond2, K. Ruxrungtham4, M. Schutz5, J. Ananworanich6, HIV-NAT 017 Study Team No major PI mutation was found in children who failed double boosted SQV/LPV/r. Children with VL failure had low PI levels. High baseline VL and poor adherence significantly predicted VL failure. |
| MoPE0203 | LONG-TERM SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF RITONAVIR (RTV), NELFINAVIR (NFV) AND LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) IN ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV)-EXPERIENCED HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0203 C. Rudin1, M. Burri1, Y. Shen2, R. Rode2, D. Nadal3, the Swiss Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (PIGS) and the Swiss Mother&Child HIV Cohort Study (MoCHiV) Group Long-term PI-based therapy appears to be safe and to provide durable virologic and immunologic effectiveness in HIV-1-infected ARV-experienced children. |
| MoPE0204 | LONGITUDINAL ASSESSMENT OF BONE QUALITY BY QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY (QUS) IN VERTICALLY HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0204 R. Rosso1, A. Parodi2, C. Torrisi2, E. Malfatto1, F. Ginocchio1, E. Repetto1, C. Viscoli1, M. Vignolo2 This longitudinal study confirms the tendency towards osteopenia in HIV-infected pts, even if QUS variables increments seem to be impaired only in pubertal pts. Further studies on a longitudinal basis are required to confirm these first results. |
| MoPE0205 | EFFECTS OF THERAPY SWITCH ON METABOLIC PARAMETERS AND MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CONTENT IN HAART-TREATED HIV+ CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0205 R. Rosso1, E. Repetto1, F. Ginocchio1, E. Malfatto1, M. Nasi2, M. Pinti2, E. Nemes2, L. Troiano2, C. Viscoli1, A. Cossarizza2 Both strategies seem to be well-tolerated in all patients and immunologic and virologic response was maintained, as shown by the analysis of classical parameters. No signs of mitochondrial toxicity were observed in any of the patients. |
| MoPE0206 | PHARMACOKINETIC AND VIROLOGICAL EVALUATIONS AFTER STOPPING NNRTIS IN CHILDREN: A SUBSTUDY OF THE PENTA 11 (TICCH) TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0206 M. Lallemant1, D. Burger2, H. Lyall3, L. Buck4, A. Compagnucci5, J.T. Ramos Amador6, M.J. Mellado Pena7, F. Fregonese1, S. Campbell3, O. Rampon8W, G. Castelli-Gattinara9, T. Cressey10, S. Khoo11, J.-M. Tréluyer12, H. Green4, Y. Saidi5, D. Nadal13, C. Giaquinto8, D.M. Gibb4, on behalf of PENTA 11 These preliminary data suggests that adoption of staggered stop or replacement strategy for 7-14 days may be sufficient to avoid the development of resistance in suppressed children interrupting NVP. |
| MoPE0207 | SIMPLIFICATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT IN HIV-1 VERTICALLY INFECTED CHILDREN: SWITCHING FROM SUCCESSFUL FIRST-LINE HAART TO TRIPLE NUCLEOSIDE THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0207 A. Martino1, P. Palma2, C. Caterina2, S. Penserioso2, M. Amicosante2, M. Romiti2, S. Bernardi1, P. Rossi1, G. Castelli Gattinara1 The shift to a 3-NRTIs simplified regimen is associated with reduction of dyslypidemia, maintenance of a prolonged virological control, increase of specific immunological response. |
| MoPE0208 | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN A HUNDRED BURUNDIAN CHILDREN WITH AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0208 P.C. Kariyo1, M.J. Mbuzenakamwe2, E. Baramperanye2, L. Barutwanayo3, J. Nyatanyi3, S. Bahimanga3 This report documents the feasibility of generic antiretroviral therapy in a developing country.These results support Paediatric ART initiative for Africa. |
| MoPE0209 | COMBINED INTERVENTIONS TO PREVENT MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 IN A RESOURCE LIMITED SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0209 F. Noel1, G. Bois1, R. Cassagnol1, L. Estavien1, A. Jules1, Y. Cadot1, J. Charlemagne1, M.-M. Deschamps1, L. M. Antilus1, J. Bonhomme1, P.F. Wright2, Y. Zhu2, J.W. Pape3, R.I. Verdier4 To be successful PMTCT must be a broad concept of provision of care for HIV-infected and affected family members. We attribute the recent success of the program to having simple diagnostic techniques to detect vertical transmission and the capacity to treat infants on detection of infection. The ultimate goal is to assure maternal health and further limit transmission and may be achievable only through aggressive antiretroviral therapy of the pregnant woman. |
| MoPE0210 | THE PMTCT PRACTICE IN SHANGCAI COUNTY, CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0210 F. Yu1, T. Wang2, B. Han3, G. Feng4, W. Xu5 The PMTCT practice of Shangcai is practical, the experience of can be applied to other similar situation in the country. However the ARV for infant currently is not satisfying for dosage control and administration, and many other issues need to be solved. |
| MoPE0211 | FIRST-YEAR EXPERIENCE OF THE PREVENTION OF MTCT TRANSMISSION PROGRAM SUPPORTED BY SOLTHIS AND IMAARV IN SÉGOU, MALI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0211 F. Zahn1, M. Koita1, B. Jarrousse1, M. Hachimi2, D. Coulibaly3, B. Sidibe4, Z. Traoré4, T. Zahn1, S. Tchiombiano1, A.-G. Marcelin5, V. Calvez5, C. Katlama6, Comité régional de l'Initiative malienne d'accès aux antirétroviraux (IMAARV) de Ségou In our first year experience of a decentralized PMTCT program, HIV counselling and testing was a successful step. However, management of the follow-up of HIV positive pregnant women, ARV prophylaxis for mothers (including HAART) and infants, feeding practices and diagnosis of HIV in infants remained a crucial challenge to be improved in the next future. |
| MoPE0212 | LESS THAN 2% MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION (MTCT) OF HIV ACHIEVABLE IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0212 J. Giddy1, C. Roberts2, S. Reid3 MTC transmission rate can be lowered to <2% in a Developing Country context by committed staff using international best practice based protocols and with adequate external funding. |
| MoPE0213 | MATERNAL AND PERINATAL COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN FROM BELO HORIZONTE, BRAZIL: PREVENTION OF HIV MOTHER-TO-CHILD-TRANSMISSION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0213 V.H. Melo1, R.A.L.P. Aguiar1, A.C.L. Lobato1, B.A.M. Andrade2, I.K.D. Cavallo1, F.M. Kakehasi3, R.M.C. Romanelli3, M.C.T. Tavares4, F.J.A. Péret2, F.B. Novais3, J.A. Pinto1, Grupo de Pesquisa Materno-Infantil em HIV/Aids There was a great reduction of HIV mother-to-child-transmission during this period. Current transmission rate is zero. This confirms that adopting adequate measures like antiretroviral regimen, performing cesarean section in patients with high viral load, and no breastfeding, one could prevent perinatal virus transmission. |
| MoPE0214 | ANTI-TUBERCULAR DRUG-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN HIV-POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0214 G. Aderaye1, G. Ali2, B. Kassa Demissie3 Anti-tuberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity (DIH) is a common problem in the management of tuberculosis. In this study therefore, we assessed and compared the prevalence, severity and prognosis of anti-TB drug induced hepatotoxicity (DIH) in HIV positive and HIV negative tuberculosis (TB) patients in Ethiopia. |
| MoPE0215 | THE LIVING WELL LAB: ESTABLISHING A COMMUNITY BASED RESEARCH INSTITUTE IN VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA, TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE AND REHABILITATION OF PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0215 C. Lunny1, J.E. Jones2, Z. Stjepanovic1, F. Ibáñez-Carrasco3, A. Mulkins4, J. Hillier5 Recommendations include conducting peer-governed and integrated community-based inquiries into CAM potentials by modality, illness/health condition, and area of impact; setting safeguards to reduce "research fatigue and stress" amongst participants by forming a strong community based governance for the CAM clinic; and scientific and community values would have to be harmonized to ensure sustainability. |
| MoPE0216 | COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (CAM) USE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA: A SURVEY OF HIV POSITIVE PEOPLE ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0216 S. Dhalla1, K. Chan2, J. Montaner2, R. Hogg3 Responder characteristics were consistent with CD4 count and viral load recovery following adherence to ART. CAM use remains common. Patients and health professionals should be aware of potential risks of CAM use, as this may have an impact on safety and efficacy of ART. |
| MoPE0217 | SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION AND HIV-1 GENITAL SHEDDING IN BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0217 M.K. Baum1, P. Arimi2, D. Anderson3, C. Xu3, A. Campa1, P. Burns4, H. Bussman2, I. Thior2, C. Wester2, R. Marlink4, M. Essex4 Genital HIV-1 shedding is not random, since women shedding at baseline were significantly more likely to shed at 3- months. Women with detectable genital HIV-1-RNA had more advanced disease than those not shedding. Se supplementation decreased genital HIV-1 shedding, although not significantly, probably due to the small number of participants, since only 28% to 32% of the women were shedding demonstrating the need for larger studies in this critical field. |
| MoPE0218 | SERUM ALBUMIN, DIETARY INTAKE AND VIRAL LOAD IN EARLY STAGES OF HIV DISEASE IN BOTSWANA, AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0218 C. Rafie1, A. Campa2, H. Bussman3, J. Makhema3, L. Xue1, P. Burns4, I. Thior3, P. Arimi3, M. Zaveri1, M. Essex4, R. Marlink4, M. K. Baum1 Poor diet (no food eaten for >7 meals/month and low BMI) increased chances of having low plasma albumin in this ARV-naïve African cohort of adults in early stages of HIV disease. Low albumin was predictive of high viral load in this cohort. Evaluation of dietary intake in early stages of HIV disease to develop adequate dietary interventions is needed, particularly in resource poor populations. Other factors contributing to low albumin such as malabsorption and diarrhea, were not present. |
| MoPE0219 | POTENTIAL HEALTH RISKS OF COMPLEMENTARY ALTERNATIVE THERAPY (CAM) IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS TAKING ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS (ARVS) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0219 D. Ladenheim1, M. Phillpot2, O. Horn3, A. Murungi2, T. Visser1, C. Orkin1, N. Theobald2, U. Werneke4 Our study suggests that the prevalence of CAM use in UK HIV positive patients is comparable to that seen in other countries. Ten percent of patients in our cohort were potentially seriously compromising their AVR treatment by taking CAMs. Medical practitioners need to be able to identify CAM use in HIV positive patients and recognize associated potential health risks. Equally, patients should be encouraged to disclose CAM use to their clinicians. |
| MoPE0220 | SAFETY AND EFFECT OF AN EXTRACT FROM GANODERMA LUCIDUM (REISHI) ON NK CELL NUMBERS IN HIV+ INDIVIDUALS NOT TAKING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0220 J. Leonard1, I. Majd1, J.P. Kassermann1, C. Wenner2 Reishi supplementation is safe and well-tolerated in HIV+ individuals not taking antiretroviral therapy. Further studies are warranted to determine which subset of NK cells are increased and whether this increase confers any advantage either in terms of delaying time to initiating antiretroviral therapy in treatment naïve individuals or in restoring NK cell populations in patients under antiretroviral treatment. |
| MoPE0221 | RAPID GROWTH RATE IN FIRST 6 MONTHS IN CHILDREN INITIATING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ARV) IN SOWETO, SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0221 C. Egbers, H. Moultrie, T. Meyers Rate of increase of WAZ is greatest in the first 6 months of ART. Early nutritional interventions are likely to assist during this recovery phase. Prospective studies assessing outcomes on ARV with nutritional intervention and optimal timing to provide this are required. |
| MoPE0222 | ACUPUNCTURE AS A STRATEGY FOR HIV SYMPTOM RELIEF AND IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE IN RURAL THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0222 L. Louie1, N. Pathanapornpandh2, U. Pultajuk2, R. Kaplan3, L. Maund4, I. Hodgson5, H. Greenlee6 This project demonstrates the feasibility of establishing a hospital-based acupuncture clinic in a rural setting for PLWHA. This low-cost intervention program was established in less than 12 months, using local nursing staff. Evaluative data suggest acupuncture may be associated with improved physical symptoms and QoL; a larger study is now being planned to elicit more sophisticated data regarding the effects of acupuncture in PLWHA. |
| MoPE0223 | PAEDIATRIC OUTCOMES AFTER 3 YEARS IN A PRIMARY CARE SETTING IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0223 D. Coetzee1, K. Hilderbrand2, A. Boulle1, P. Saranchuk2, H. Rabie3, E. Goemaere2 Paediatric ART provision in the primary care setting is readily achievable if appropriately supported. Viral supression compares favourably with what is achieved at hospital level. WHO-validated weight band tables will greatly simplify treatment of children. The greatest simplification will only be achieved through the development of paediatric drug formulations and in particular fixed dose combinations. |
| MoPE0224 | SCALING UP PEDIATRIC ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT THROUGH A COMMUNITY-BASED HIV CARE NETWORK IN THAILAND, OCTOBER 2004-DECEMBER 2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0224 R. Hansudewechakul1, T. Naiwatanakul2, N. Plangraun3, M. McConnell4, F. Worawan2, K. Fox4, The Chiang Rai Pediatric ARV Team A pediatric care network can facilitate expansion of ART from tertiary care to community hospitals. Practical clinical training, technical support from a specialist team, and local community collaboration are key components of the network model. This model may be useful for pediatric ART scale-up in other resource-constrained settings. |
| MoPE0225 | ANTIRETROVIRAL AND ANTI-TB CO-THERAPY IN CHILDREN < 3 YEARS IN SOWETO, SOUTH AFRICA: OUTCOMES IN THE FIRST 6 MONTHS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0225 H. Moultrie, T. Meyers High rates of dual TB/ARV treatment were present. Prolonged follow-up is needed to observe whether these apparently good outcomes on dual therapy will be sustained. Long term prospective studies including pharmacokinetic studies of dual TB/ARV combinations are urgently needed. |
| MoPE0226 | IMMUNE RESPONSES TO MEASLES AND TETANUS VACCINATION IN HIV-1-INFECTED KENYAN CHILDREN PRE AND POST-HAART INITIATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0226 S. Selig1, D. Wamalwa2, B. Lohman-Payne3, J. Mabuka2, M. Majiwa2, E. Brown4, W. Sutton5, N. Haigwood5, G. John-Stewart4, C. Farquhar4 Only 1 of 3 children with symptomatic HIV-1 was protected against measles in our cohort, and 2 of 3 had protective levels of tetanus IgG. This number improves for measles following 6 months of HAART, however, the majority of children remain unprotected. These preliminary data suggest that HIV-1-infected children in Kenya are inadequately protected against measles and tetanus and may require revaccination following immune reconstitution. |
| MoPE0227 | FAILURE TO THRIVE AS A PREDICTOR OF HIV INFECTION IN A POPULATION WITH HIGH BACKGROUND RATE OF MALNUTRITION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0227 A. Abdosh1, T. Awano-Lemtuche1, A. Abashawl2, B.G. Gudetta3, R. Adamu4, A. Ruff2, A. Bedri3 Although more common among infected infants, FTT lacked sensitivity as an indicator of HIV-infection. In contrast, growing well, without FTT, appeared to be a better predictor of lack of HIV infection in this population. |
| MoPE0228 | THE ROLE OF COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR ON MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0228 B. Kammerer1, P. Williams2, G. Montepiedra2, S. Nichols3, P. Sirois4, D. Storm5, J. Farley6, K. Malee7 Medication adherence is a complex and dynamic process with multiple and variable influences within the child and the child/caregiver/family environment. Understanding the particular impact of the child's cognitive potential and specific behavioral issues will guide formulation of appropriate supports to initiate and maintain adherence to treatment regimens. |
| MoPE0229 | EVALUATION OF A PROGRAM TO ENSURE ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IN NORTHERN THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0229 R. Hansudewechakul1, G. Jourdain2, N. Plangraun3, Chiang Rai Paediatric ARV Team Identification of risk factors can help target appropriate interventions. Training and establishing partnerships between health care providers and children and their caregivers can be critical in achieving and maintaining adherence in children. |
| MoPE0230 | CD4 LEVELS AS CRITERIA FOR ART IN SEVERELY MALNOURISHED CHILDREN WITH HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0230 P. Fergusson1, J. Chinkhumba2, A. Tomkins3 HIV occurs in an important proportion of severely malnourished children but not all HIV-infected children have sufficiently low CD4 counts at conventional cut-off values to merit starting ART. |
| MoPE0231 | DIFFERENCES IN MENTAL HEALTH NEEDS OF YOUTH WITH PERINATALLY VERSUS BEHAVIORALLY ACQUIRED HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0231 S. Marhefka1, L. Koenig2, L. Orban3, R. Stein2, L. Maureen4, V. Tepper5, J. Lewis3, W. Barnes4, R. LaGrange6 YB are at greater risk for a broad range of mental health problems than YP. Unlike YP who have had life-long access to mental health services, YB may be accessing these services for the first time. Clinical programs serving HIV-infected youth should consider their unique mental health needs when developing and implementing programs. |
| MoPE0232 | ADHERENCE TO HAART IN HIV-INFECTED UGANDAN CHILDREN ON TRIOMUNE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0232 M.G. Nalubega1, M. Mubiru1, B. Musoke1, M. Namawejje1, R. Kayondo1, M. Luttajumwa1, P. Ajuna1, L. Barlow-Mosha1, P. Musoke2 Adherence to HAART was much less in the children taking syrups compared to those on an adult fixed dose combination tablet. Older children's adherence can be improved if they know their HIV status and live with adult care taker on HAART. Further studies are required to develop innovative strategies to improve and sustain good adherence in children. |
| MoPE0233 | ANALYSIS OF HIV-INFECTED INFANTS UNDER 1 YEAR STARTING ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT AT THE CORONATION PAEDIATRIC HIV CLINIC IN CORONATIONVILLE, JOHANNESBURG Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0233 G. Barry1, A. Coovadia1, B. Marais1, E. Malan1, H. Moultrie2 Treatment outcomes were favorable with a mean increase in CD4% and a log decrease in viral load over 6 months. Of concern was the high loss to follow up and mortality rate. The current practice in this setting of starting HAART with a CD4% <20% needs to be reviewed in an attempt to decrease mortality rates. |
| MoPE0234 | BARRIERS TO PROVIDING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) TO HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0234 S.A. Dumas, B. Chi, M. Mubiana-Mbewe, C. Bolton Despite a global emphasis on pediatric HIV care, numerous barriers to service implementation persist. Comprehensive pediatric-specific training combined with skill building, mentoring, and appropriate pediatric equipment will better prepare staff, but concerted efforts need to be made to overcome community-based barriers to care and treatment. |
| MoPE0235 | HIV INFECTION AMONG SEVERELY MALNOURISHED CHILDREN IN A CONFLICT-AFFECTED AREA IN NORTH UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0235 U. Langlo1, C. Pierotti2, P. Atim1, L. Ojom1, F. Ciantia3 HIV-infection significantly impacts morbidity and mortality in severely malnourished children. Internally displaced children have a higher risk of malnutrition, but reduced risk of HIV-infection. Intensive efforts in nursing and medical care of HIV-positive malnourished children are needed due to long admissions, opportunistic infections and more frequent relapses. Mandatory HIV testing is recommended in severely malnourished children for further management and follow up. Nutrition unit is an important entry point for comprehensive HIV/AIDS programs and antiretroviral therapy. |
| MoPE0236 | HIV POINT-PREVALENCE AMONGST MALNOURISHED CHILDREN ADMITTED TO NUTRITIONAL REHABILITATION UNITS IN MALAWI: GEOGRAPHICAL & SEASONAL VARIATIONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0236 S. Thurstans1, M. Kerac2, K. Maleta3, T. Banda4, A. Nesbitt5 By showing there is a high prevalence of concurrent HIV infection in severely malnourished children, and that testing is acceptable, we conclude that there is need and potential for increased integration of HIV and NRU services. NRUs could act as an entry point to antiretroviral and social welfare programmes. Recognition that severe childhood malnutrition in the dry season is linked with an increased likelihood of HIV infection and that there are wide variations in the geographic prevalence of HIV, should help target limited resources. |
| MoPE0237 | THE INFLUENCE OF INFANT FEEDING CHOICE ON MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN HIV-EXPOSED INFANTS IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0237 E. Adejuyigbe1, E. Orji2 HIV-exposed infants of mothers who choose EFF in Ife-Ijesa zone of southwestern Nigeria are at a higher risk of mixed feeding, higher frequency of illness and death. |
| MoPE0238 | HIGH RATE OF RAPID PROGRESSION IN URBAN SOUTH AFRICAN SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0238 K. Technau1, G. Sherman2, A. Coovadia1 There is a high percentage of HIV-infected infants requiring ARV's early. This echoes research documenting a high one year mortality rate of HIV-infected infants in the same setting. Loss to follow-up is a problem and rapid, effective preparation for ARV's must become a priority in this South African paediatric setting if infant AIDS and mortality is to be prevented. |
| MoPE0239 | MULTIPLE CHALLENGES FACE ADOLESCENTS WITH VERTICALLY ACQUIRED HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0239 A. Jordan, K. Technau, A. Coovadia The majority of adolescents attending our clinic have been on treatment for more than a year. Most of them attend school but many do not know their own status yet, nor do they still have their biological parents as guardians. This highlights the need for expanding paediatric HIV clinics to focus specific attention on this group of patients in order to assist with the challenges facing them in their transition to adulthood in the context of having acquired HIV vertically. |
| MoPE0240 | THE IMPORTANCE OF TREATING TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN ON ART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0240 M.A. Desulme1, D. Roland1, P. Paul1, F. Germeille1, R. Cruff1, L.C. Ivers2, J. Bazile1, C. Orelus1, J. George1, J.S. Mukherjee3 In this cohort of co-infected children, diagnosis was made by clinical and laboratory criteria, and most often without smear or culture confirmation. In all cases ,we did not see any signs of immune reconstitution, and the children were given both ART and antituberculosis therapy when necessary. |
| MoPE0241 | DECREASED BLOOD MITOCHONDRIAL (MT) GENE EXPRESSION (CCOI/BETA-ACTIN) IN THE ABSENCE OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA (MTDNA) DEPLETION IN 1-3 DAYS OLD NEONATES EXPOSED TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) DURING PREGNANCY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0241 H. Cote1, J. Forbes2, A. Alimenti2, D. Burdge2, D. Money2, E. Maan2, A. Costei3, I. Gadawski1, S. Read3, A. Bitnun3, S. Shen4, J. Raboud4, R. Harrigan5, S. King3 These preliminary results show that, prior to more extensive post-natal exposure to ZDV, HAART exposed neonates (1-3 days old) showed no evidence of blood mtDNA depletion, yet had lower mt gene expression levels. Further study at 6 months of life is pending to determine whether these trends are maintained. |
| MoPE0242 | HAART CAN BE PROVIDED SAFELY IN AFRICAN HIV POSITIVE CHILDREN: ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS IN 2 URBAN HEALTH CENTRES IN KIGALI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0242 L. De Naeyer1, J. van Griensven2, S. Ubarijoro1, T. Mushi2, G. Ntabashwa3, C. Gazille4, R. Zachariah5 Rural health centres in Africa starting access to HAART should focus more on children given the fewer side effects and the better response to treatment in terms of morbidity and mortality compared to adults. Monitoring of LFT seems unnecessary since virtually all children switched treatment only when clinical signs were present. |
| MoPE0243 | VCT ACCEPTABILITY IN CHILDREN AND THEIR CARETAKERS IN THE NUTRITION REHABILITATION UNITS IN MALAWI: NRUS AS POINT OF ENTRY FOR HIV CARE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0243 S. Thurstans1, M. Kerac2, K. Maleta3, T. Banda4, A. Gomez5, A. Nesbitt6 NRUs in Malawi provide an important setting for the identification of children and caretakers infected with HIV. By integrating VCT into the management of malnutrition, in the 48 countrywide NRUs for which we have complete user records, approximately 10,000 children and caretakers per year could access VCT and therefore gain access to prevention, treatment, and support services. Guidelines for providing VCT services to children and caretakers are urgently needed and should include empowering carers to share test results on a "need to know" basis. |
| MoPE0244 | DIRECTLY OBSERVED HAART TREATMENT OF HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IN CAMBODIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0244 P.D. Myung1, M.F. Brady2, S. Many3, J. Tucker3, J. Harwell2, M. Lurie2, D. Pugatch2 In this cohort of HIV-infected Cambodian children receiving DOT-HAART, substantial increases in CD4 percentage were seen at 6 months and continued in longer observation to 1 year and 18 months. Serious drug toxicities were not common, and were managed by switching from nevirapine to efavirenz. DOT-HAART appears to be a promising approach to effective treatment with sustained benefit to HIV-infection in resource-poor settings. |
| MoPE0245 | CORRELATION BETWEEN TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNT (TLC) AND CD4 COUNT IN HIV EXPOSED AND INFECTED INFANTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0245 B. Gudetta1, Y. Mengistu2, R. Adamu3, A. Abashawl4, A. Ruff4, A. Bedri1 Although there is moderate correlation between TLC and CD4 count, and TLC has high specificity, the lower sensitivity may limit its potential use as a surrogate marker of CD4 count in this population. Additional studies are needed to clarify the role of TLC in HIV-infected children in Ethiopia. |
| MoPE0246 | EFFICACY OF HAART IN UGANDAN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0246 M. Nannyonga Musoke1, E. Morelli2, B. Atai1, E. Michelin2, M.G. Lain2, S. Marinello2, M. Bettio2, A. Mazza3, G. Putoto4, C. Giaquinto2 In resource-limited setting, it is possible to use HAART to treat African children.. HAART is safe and effective for HIV-infected children. Preliminary data suggest that treatment is as effective as in developed countries. |
| MoPE0247 | CHALLENGES OF CARETAKERS FOR THE HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN ATTENDING MULAGO NATIONAL REFERRAL HOSPITAL, KAMPALA, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0247 J. Rujumba, G. Ndeezi Several studies have been conducted on HIV/AIDS but none has focused on the challenges caretakers for the HIVinfected children face in Uganda yet these have implications on the care for such children. The main objective of this study was to establish the challenges faced by caretakers of HIV-infected children attending Mulago Hospital. |
| MoPE0248 | CHARACTERISTICS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IN CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0248 M. Au1, F. Zhang1, P. Bouey2, R. Chen3, Y. Zhao1, Y. Wen1, Z. Dou1 This first national pediatric survey indicates that age and time required for diagnosis were greater in HIV-infected children from IPD provinces compared to those from IDU provinces, likely due to the different epidemiology and initiation times of the treatment programs. Average time required for diagnosis and initiation of ART for both group are suboptimal. The development of aggressive, early diagnostic and treatment programs in all HIV-infected children needs to be established in China. |
| MoPE0249 | INFANT HIV-1 PCR TESTING AS PART OF THE ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION CLINIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0249 K. Technau1, A. Coovadia2 The results show that there is good uptake of testing if it is offered. Although the numbers of HIV positive infants are small, the figures echo previous research of transmission and rapid progression rates, the latter emphasizing the need for early testing. The large number of PCR results given to mothers as well as the coverage of CD4 testing provides evidence that this strategy may be a feasible intervention in the face of the South African HIV epidemic. |
| MoPE0250 | WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN DESIGNING SUPPLY CHAINS FOR DELIVERING PEDIATRIC ARVS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0250 A. Ombeva1, E. Takang2, E. Hasselberg2, Y. Chandani2, C. Allers2 Supply chain management of pediatric ARV drugs combines challenges attributable to the drugs and pediatric ART service delivery requirements. Liquid formulation related issues include the increased need for storage space for bottles, cool/cold chain requirements, special handling of bottles during storage and distribution due to weight, shelf life and fragility, and more frequent ordering due to stability problems after opening or reconstitution. For service delivery, pediatric dosage regimens are based on age, weight or body surface area and complicated for providers and logisticians to calculate. Dosage regimens change as the child grows, but growth rates are unpredictable, complicating ordering and inventory management of ARVs. National programs must ensure uninterrupted supplies of pediatric ARV regimens while minimizing wastage rates. |
| MoPE0251 | MUTUAL SUPPORTING GROUP WITH ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN MOZAMBIQUE: A POSITIVE THERAPEUTIC AND SOCIAL PARTICIPATION STRATEGY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0251 L. Giurao1, N. Osman2, I. Zilhao1, L. Vander Veken1, R. Jose2, A. Ratilal2 This group was an important strategy for treatment adhesion and for improving the quality of life of young PLWHA. It shows that youth support groups are an important component of YFS treatment programs. Support groups will be formed in another Mozambican province. |
| MoPE0252 | FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL FIXED DOSE COMBINATION (FDC) OF LAMIVUDINE, STAVUDINE AND NEVIRAPINE FOR PEDIATRICS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0252 A. Singla1, A. Rampal2, M. Garg3, S. Juneja4, A. Chhabra4 Based on the above studies, the FDC will undergo Bioequivalence studies to demonstrate that TFOS attains the same level of medication in the blood as achieved when individual Reference products are dosed as separate liquids. On successful completion of development program, the FDC will be submitted for approval with regulatory agencies and WHO's prequalification program. The findings will be presented at the 16th International AIDS Conference in Toronto in 2006. |
| MoPE0253 | A GLIMPSE INTO THE AFRICAN CHILD'S FUTURE IN AN ERA OF HIV/AIDS: THE CASE FOR ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0253 S. Chishimba1, G. Kaela2 In order for antiretroviral therapy, overall care and support to be accessible to OVCs, the school health services and HIV/AIDS management projects should be scaled-up to all community schools. This is also critical for the success of putting many People with AIDS on ARVs as prayed by WHO and UNAIDS. Precisely, schools should be used as the starting and entry point for reaching out to communities in ART promotion, care and support. |
| MoPE0254 | EXCELLENT OUTCOMES CAN BE ACHIEVED IN CHILDREN ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT UNDER PROGRAM CONDITIONS IN CAMBODIA: THE EXPERIENCE FROM TWO HOSPITALS IN SIEM REAP AND TAKEO, CAMBODIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0254 B. Raleigh1, S. Soeung2, K. Akao2, V. Te3, J. Gupta4, S. Khem4, B. Janssens4, R. Zachariah5 This data shows excellent outcomes among children offered HAART under routine programme conditions in Cambodia. Our findings give strong support to actively include children within the scaling-up process in the country. There is an urgent need to improve early HIV diagnosis and access to HAART in children under 18 months of age. |
| MoPE0255 | NEONATAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV LONG TERM PROGRESSORS IN A COHORT OF VERTICALLY INFECTED CHILDREN IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL ("PEIXE" PROJECT) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0255 C.B. Hofer1, A. Pala2, R.H. Oliveira3, L. Evangelista3, E. Machado4, C. Sepulveda5, N.R. Lopes5, T. Abreu5 Adjusting for age at the follow up initiation, practices that were unsuccessfully used to prevent maternal-to-child transmission (ZDV use in neonatal period and not breastfeeding) were associated with better prognosis. ARTs initiation before category 4 or severe immunosupression was also associated with LTP. |
| MoPE0256 | PREVALENCE OF HBV ANTIBODY REPONSE (ANTI-HBS) IN A COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED ADOLESCENTS IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL, WHO RECEIVED HEPATITIS B VACCINATION DURING INFANCY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0256 E.S. Machado, C.B. Hofer Only 26% of HIV-infected children with past history of vaccination to HBV reach adolescence with anti-HBs positive. Anti-HBs antibodies should be re-assessed in adolescence to establish hepatitis B vaccination efficiency. These results confirm the suboptimal response to hepatitis B immunization in HIV-infected children and suggest that anti-HBs positivity can evade with time. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal protocol for hepatitis B immunization in HIV children who did not respond to a first course of vaccination. |
| MoPE0257 | PAEDIATRIC ART IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: PROGRAM CHARACTERISTICS IN THE MULTI-CENTER INTERNATIONAL KIDS-ART-LINC COLLABORATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0257 D. Mbori-Ngacha1, D. Kyabayinze2, E. Arrivé3, B. Marquis2, N. Tumwesigye2, M.P. Kieffer4, V. Leroy3, F. Dabis3, KIDS ART LINC Collaboration There is good standardization of clinical practices in the paediatric treatment programs across sub-Saharan Africa. Information systems to accurately estimate and document the impact of HAART in children in developing countries are lacking. Programs connected to research projects allow for more expensive laboratory testing. Lessons learned in these sites will be essential to other sites beginning pediatric treatment. KIDS-ART-LINC will enhance information systems and evaluate the impact of program characteristics on treatment outcomes. |
| MoPE0258 | PEDIATRIC HIV NEEDS ASSESSMENT IN RWANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0258 M. Fabri1, M. Cohen2, M. Black1, J. Hakizimana3, B. Mulinda-Shambo3, A.-C. d'Adeskyz4 In developing HIV services for children in Rwanda, issues inherent in poverty must be addressed. Family-centered models of care require a multidisciplinary team to attend to the many levels of care that need to be addressed in pediatric HIV treatment. Appropriate environmental stimuli in clinic settings may create a welcoming atmosphere and allay fears. Support groups for caretakers, and developmentally appropriate groups for children will provide information, support, and social interaction. |
| MoPE0259 | LARGE PAEDIATRIC EXPERIENCE OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT IN MAPUTO PUBLIC HOSPITAL, MOZAMBIQUE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0259 P. Vaz1, B. Thome1, E. Macassa1, I. Jani2, S. Sergio1, G. Biberfeld3, S. Andersson3, S. Blanche4 Provision to children of nevirapine based HAART by the public sector in this high prevalent low resource setting is linked to an improvement of clinical and biological parameters and low mortality rate. |
| MoPE0260 | VERTICALLY-HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN BECOMING YOUNG ADULTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0260 C. Thorne, M.-L. Newell, European Collaborative Study With increasing use of HAART from an early age, a growing proportion of vertically-infected children are likely to survive into adolescence and young adulthood. This group of HIV-infected individuals will need support with a range of issues including treatment decisions, coping with HAART, disclosure and sexual health issues. |
| MoPE0261 | LONG TERM RESPONSE TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AMONG TREATMENT NAÏVE CHILDREN IN BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0261 G.M. Anabwani1, E. Lowenthal1, M. Marape1, H.B. Jibril2, M. Sechele1, H. Schwarzwald3, J. Millon3, K. Jobarteh3, M. Kline3 Training and improved infrastructure are critical in improving access to care and treatment. HAART in African chidren results in improved survival and quality of life for children that are similar to those in western countries. These two points should be used to advocate for HIV-infected African children. |
| MoPE0262 | SCREENING FOR THYROID ABNORMALITIES IN CHILDREN WITH PERINATAL HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0262 S.-A. Bailey1, N. Desai2, J. Godfrey1, J. Quintos2 Abnormalities of thyroid function are seen in 6.3% of children with perinatal HIV infection, which is higher than reported in the general population suggesting a need for screening. Two simple tests appear to successfully screen for abnormalities, especially when both tests are abnormal. |
| MoPE0263 | CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF PROVIDING COUNSELLING AND TESTING SERVICES TO HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IN KABAROLE AND KAMPALA DISTRICTS, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0263 J. Rujumba, C.L. Mbasalaaki-Mwaka, G. Ndeezi The study findings indicate the need to address child, caretaker, health worker and institutional challenges as well as the availability of fee ARVs, experienced staff and willing donors as opportunities in the delivery of VCT for Children. |
| MoPE0264 | HIV-INFECTED ADOLESCENTS IN LATIN AMERICA: A SUB-POPULATION OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (NICHD) INTERNATIONAL SITE DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE (NISDI) PEDIATRIC STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0264 M.L. Cruz1, J. Byrne2, J. Korelitz2, L. Serchuck3, Pediatric NISDI The population of HIV-infected adolescents in care in Latin America is heterogeneous. Differences by transmission status are seen in age of HIV acquisition, BMI, immunosuppression, and ARV use. Further research is needed as specialized programs are developed and increasing numbers of HIV+ adolescents are properly included in health care system. |
| MoPE0265 | IMPACT ON WEIGHT AND HEIGHT WITH THE USE OF HAART IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0265 R. Resino1, S. Guillén2, J.T. Ramos2, J. Beceiro3, C. Calvo4, M.I. de José5, M.D. Gurbindo6, J. Martínez-Pérez7, P. Martín-Fontelos8, M.J. Mellado5, M.A. Muñoz9, M.L. Navarro6, M.A. Roa10, B. Rubio11, Cohort of Madrid HIV-infected children experienced continued catch up to 5 years in weight and height after starting HAART. Virological control is related to sustained growth. Lipohypertrophy is associated with greater BMI gain in HIV-infected children. |
| MoPE0266 | REVIEW OF PROGRAMS AND POLICIES ADDRESSING ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN IN ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0266 P. Gandhi1, K. Krishnan2, S. Uppalapathi2, S.S. Raghavan3 There is an urgent need to develop systems to estimate OVC, frame OVC policy and program guidelines and scale-up services to increase coverage. Multi-sectoral programs addressing the multiple needs of OVC including health care, education, nutrition, psycho-social support, home and community based care, protection, vocational support and economic stability, succession planning, AIDS prevention and stigma and discrimination are of critical need. |
| MoPE0267 | EXHALED NITRIC OXIDE (ENO) LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0267 O. Asimolowo1, H. Muzumdar1, N. Desai2, M. Nowakowski3, M. Rao1 HIV infection is associated with significantly reduced exhaled NO levels, but is not changed with AIDS, viral load, CD4 levels. The reduction of eNO levels by HIV infection could potentially confound evaluation of airway inflammation by eNO levels in children with HIV infection and asthma. |
| MoPE0268 | USING PEERS TO PROVIDE EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS: A COST SAVINGS APPROACH TO SERVICES FOR YOUTH Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0268 N. Cockern1, S. Naar-King2, M. Green-Jones2 Results suggest that peers can provide certain evidenced-based interventions with fidelity equal to professional staff but at substantially lower cost when given sufficient training and supervision. |
| MoPE0269 | A WINDOW INTO HEALTH CARE OF HIV EXPOSED INFANTS IN A COMMUNITY WITH HIGH PREVALENCE OF HIV AND TUBERCULOSIS: LESSONS FROM SCREENING FOR A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0269 M. Cotton1, H. Rabie1, H. Weber1, G. Lottering1, S. Nachman2 Despite less than full adherence, the VTP program is effective in reducing HIV transmission. There is an extraordinarily high burden of TB exposure in young HIV exposed infants underscoring the importance of evaluating preventive strategies while highlighting opportunities for preventative or curative care. |
| MoPE0270 | VASCULAR AND METABOLIC MARKERS OF PREMATURE ATHEROSCLEROSIS, GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS AND ABDOMINAL FAT IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0270 A. Bitnun1, T. Bradley2, E. Sochett3, B. McCrindle2, M. Cheung2, C. Slorach2, C. Arneson1, S. Read1, S. King1 An increase in systolic blood pressure and measures of large vessel wall stiffness was observed over time. The reduction in serum lipids may be related to fewer children receiving ART/PIs at the follow-up assessment. The potential risk of premature atherosclerosis in these children warrants continued monitoring of metabolic profiles and vascular function. |
| Track C – Epidemiology, Prevention and Prevention Research | |
| MoPE0271 | THE ASSOCIATION OF GENETICS AND CIGARRETTE SMOKING IN REDUCING EFFECTIVENESS OF HAART THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0271 J. Feldman1, R. Burk2, K. Anastos3, M. Cohen4, S. Gange5, R. Greenblatt6, L. Pearce7, A. Sharma8, Womens Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) Several polymorphisms in metabolic genes significantly interacted with smoking to reduce the effectiveness of HAART therapy. Smoking appears to negate the protective effect of several of the polymorphism in terms of viral response, immunologic failure and occurrence of ADC. These data suggest a biologic basis for the lower effectiveness of HAART therapy in smokers. |
| MoPE0272 | SURVIVAL FOLLOWING HIV INFECTION IN THE PRE-ART ERA IN A RURAL TANZANIAN COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0272 B. Zaba1, M. Urassa2, M. Marston1, R. Isingo2, M. Ndege2, J. Changalucha2 Longer survival in this cohort compared to Uganda's Masaka cohort (median 9.5 years) may be explained by age at infection, which is younger in Kisesa (28% sero-converters under 20 compared to 21% in Masaka). Non-HIV related mortality may also be important, as adult mortality in the pre-AIDS era was twice as high in Uganda as in Tanzania. |
| MoPE0273 | SHORT TERM PREDICTION OF CLINICAL DISEASE PROGRESSION AFTER STARTING CART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0273 A. Mocroft1, B. Ledergerber2, P. Reiss3, C. Katlama4, A. Horban5, O. Kirk6, G. Fatkenheuer7, J. Gatell8, A.N. Phillips1, J.D. Lundgren6, for the EuroSIDA study group Current CD4, viral load, anaemia, BMI, age, CD4 slope, current and prior ARV treatment were all predictors of the short term risk of new AIDS/death. The EuroSIDA risk-score will be validated on other patient groups and will be of use in routine clinical care and potentially as a surrogate endpoint in clinical trials. |
| MoPE0274 | SURVIVAL AFTER HIV DIAGNOSIS COMPARED TO THE GENERAL POPULATION IN THE NETHERLANDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0274 A. van Sighem1, L. Gras1, S. Danner2, F. de Wolf1, on behalf of the ATHENA National Observational Cohort Study SMRs for HIV-infected patients with CD4 >350 at diagnosis are high. However, survival probabilities in the years following diagnosis are not much lower than for HIV-negative individuals. |
| MoPE0275 | PREDICTORS OF VIRAL SETPOINT AMONG AFRICAN WOMEN WITH PRIMARY HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0275 C. Morrison1, C. Kwok1, P.L. Chen1, K. Demers2, B. van der Pol3, T. Chipato4, E. Arts2, R. Salata2 We found that breastfeeding, but not hormonal contraceptive use at the time of HIV infection was significantly associated with a higher HIV-1 viral setpoint and thus may be associated with faster HIV-1 disease progression. An increased viral setpoint associated with breastfeeding at the time of infection may also increase the risk of HIV-1 vertical transmission associated with subsequent breastfeeding. |
| MoPE0276 | INCIDENCE OF MIGRATION OF PEOPLE ON GENETIC DIVERSITY OF HIV-1 IN RURAL CAMEROON Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0276 H. Gayum1, D. Kamdem1, C. Ngansop1, H. Ichimura2, N. Ndembi1, L. Kaptue1 These results show that cross-border movements play an important role in the circulation of subtypes in rural eastern Cameroon. |
| MoPE0277 | THE NATURAL HISTORY OF HIV-1 SUBTYPE E INFECTIONS IN YOUNG MEN IN THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0277 P. Piyaraj1, R. Rangsin2, T. Sirisanthana3, N. Sirisopana4, O. Short3, K.E. Nelson5 Our data indicate a more rapid progression to death after seroconversion among young Thai men than have been reported among similar aged men who were HAART-naïve in Western developed countries. |
| MoPE0278 | THE CREATION OF THE SPANISH COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS (CORIS; COHORTE MULTICÉNTRICA DE LA RED DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN SIDA): METHODOLOGY AND CURRENT EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV INFECTION IN SPAIN (2004-05) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0278 A.M. Caro Murillo, Cohort of HIV infected patients of the Spanish Research Council (CoRIS) The set-up of an ambitious multicenter cohort linked to a biobank has been successful. Results depict a clear change in the epidemiology of HIV infection in Spain from that reported in previous years. We observe a decreasing contribution of injecting drug use and an increase in sexually transmitted HIV-infections. A significant proportion of migrants are being attended in Spain, the majority coming from Latin America. |
| MoPE0279 | IMPACT OF BASELINE VIRAL LOAD AND ADHERENCE ON SURVIVAL OF HIV-INFECTED ADULTS WITH BASELINE CD4 CELL COUNTS > 200 CELLS/μl Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0279 E. Wood, R. Hogg, B. Yip, D. Moore, P.R. Harrigan, J. Montaner HIV RNA ≥ 100,000 copies/mL was only associated with mortality among HIV-infected patients initiating HAART with CD4 cell counts ≥ 200 cells/μL if the patients were non-adherent. |
| MoPE0280 | THYROID FUNCTION IN OLDER MEN WHO ARE HIV-POSITIVE OR AT RISK FOR HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0280 M. Wiener1, R.S. Klein2 Abnormal TSH levels were noted in 13% of older men with or at risk for HIV infection. The associations of drug use, race, and HIV infection with abnormal thyroid function warrant further investigation. |
| MoPE0281 | THE MOLECULAR-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF HIV-INFECTION IN KRASNOYARSK REGION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0281 A. Grishechkin1, E. Kazennova1, A. Sukhanova2, M. Bobkova1, V. Pokrovsky2, I. Olhovsky3, A. Bobkov1 The homogeneous IDU-A variant of HIV-1 continues to predominate in Krasnoyarsk region of Russia. There are some genetic distinctions between variants of virus circulating in IDUs and heterosexually infected subjects. It is important to note the subtype A strain circulating among newly diagnosed. |
| MoPE0282 | ASSOCIATION OF FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS WITH HIV INFECTION AND MORTALITY AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0282 K. Patel1, G. Kirk2, S. Mehta3, D. Vlahov4, J. Guralnik1 Older age and HIV infection were associated with functional limitations, which increased risk for mortality among IDUs. Considering that limitations in physical function largely reflect a heavier comorbidity burden, further research on the disablement process among the aging HIV-infected population is needed. |
| MoPE0283 | LONG-TERM PREDICTING PROGRESSION AND DEATH IN A GROUP OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS. ANALYSIS OF TNF-ALPHA, CD4 AND HIV-RNA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0283 M. Sala1, G. Navarro2, M. Navarro1, M. Cervantes1, M.J. Amengual3, G. Serrate1, B. Font1, F. Segura1 TNF-alpha, a marker of chronic activation, had a good correlation with progression to AIDS and mortality in the pre-HAART era, mainly if we use mTNF, data reflecting better the patient immunologic situation. Although basal CD4 and viral load lose their power in predicting AIDS and death if HAART is available, TNF still shows predictive value, specially using mTNF levels. |
| MoPE0284 | PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHINESE HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0284 C.Y.S. Cheung1, K.M. Wong1, M.P. Lee2, Y.L. Liu1, H. Kwok2, R. Chung2, K.F. Chau1, P. Li2, C.S. Li1 CKD is prevalent in Chinese HIV-infected patients though it is less common when compared with Caucasian especially among Black population. CKD was found to be associated with age, HIV viral load, and indinavir therapy. |
| MoPE0285 | DECLINE IN CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE COUNT AMONG SUBSTANCE ABUSE PATIENTS WITHIN ONE YEAR AFTER HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0285 V.M. Quan1, D.D. Celentano2, K. Rungruengthanakit3, W. Pasawad3, T. Vongchak3, S. Sakkhachornphop3, K. Wongworapat3, J. Jittiwutikarn4, M.H. Razak1, V. Suriyanon3 The HIV-infected substance abuse patients appear to have a rapid decline in CD4+ T lymphocyte count early after infection. Substance abuse patients, particularly those with longer duration of drug injection, may benefit from early detection of HIV infection and from immunologic evaluation early after HIV infection. |
| MoPE0286 | THE EFFECTS OF HIV INFECTION AND DECREASED FREQUENCY OF INJECTION DRUG USE ON GONADAL HORMONE LEVELS IN U.S. MEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0286 E.T. Golub1, K. Ghanem2, A.S. Dobs2, G. Wand2, G.D. Kirk1, S.H. Mehta1, J. Cofrancesco, Jr.2 FAI remained significantly lower among HIV-infected men than among HIV-negatives over a 5-year period, irrespective of IDU attenuation. Further studies of the effects of HIV therapies on this relationship are warranted. |
| MoPE0287 | A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF FRACTURE RATES IN OLDER MEN WITH OR AT RISK FOR HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0287 R.S. Klein1, Y. Lo2, R. Freeman3, J.H. Arnsten4 Among older men with or at risk for HIV infection, decreased BMD is associated with increased fracture risk. An independent effect of HIV infection on fracture risk was not found in this study. |
| MoPE0288 | PREGNANCY INFLUENCE ON NATURAL HISTORY OF HIV INFECTION ON WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0288 N.P.M. Rubini1, C.Y. Ohara1, M.C.C. Guerra1, M.A. Karl1, R. Rocco2, I.A. Espindola1, F.S. Sion1, C.A. Morais-de-Sá1 We observed that pregnancy has favored an increase of viral load replication, depletion of CD4 population and aggravation of the clinical evolution of HIV infection. These data suggest that immunological changes induced by pregnancy may have a harmful effect on the HIV infection prognosis. |
| MoPE0289 | CONTINUED IMPROVEMENT IN SURVIVAL AND LIFE EXPECTANCY AMONG HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS FOLLOWING INITIATION OF TRIPLE AND BOOSTED COMBINATION ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMENS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0289 R. Hogg, R. Harrigan, E. Wood, B. Yip, J. Montaner, A. Levy To characterize temporal changes in mortality and life expectancy among HIV+ persons initiating antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in British Columbia, Canada from 1993 to 2004. |
| MoPE0290 | CHILDREN BORN TO HIV-1-INFECTED WOMEN IN SWEDEN IN 1982-2003. TRENDS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY AND VERTICAL TRANSMISSION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0290 L. Navér1, S. Lindgren2, E. Belfrage3, K. Gyllensten4, K. Lidman4, M. Gisslén5, M. Arneborn6, A. Ehrnst7, A.-B. Bohlin1 MTCT of HIV-1 can be almost eliminated when appropriate resources are available. A national pregnancy screening program for HIV-1 running since 1987 with a high acceptance rate and implementation of measures to prevent MTCT since 1994 have resulted in a significant decrease in the number of infected children. Since knowledge of the infection status of the mother is crucial for reduction of MTCT of HIV-1, continued antenatal screening is important even in a low prevalence country as Sweden. With more effective treatment strategies and increased immigration an increasing number of HIV-1-infected children become young adults and psychosocial support and educational activities are of increasing importance in this group. |
| MoPE0291 | RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRAILTY AND CD4+ T CELL COUNT IN HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0291 L. Desquilbet1, J.B. Margolick2, L.P. Fried3, J.P. Phair4, B.D. Jamieson5, M. Holloway6, L.P. Jacobson1 CD4+ T cell count predicted the risk of frailty among HIV-infected men, even in the HAART era and in the absence of clinical AIDS. |
| MoPE0292 | SURVIVAL OF HIV-POSITIVE INJECTION DRUG USERS IN THE ERA OF HAART RELATIVE TO GENDER-AND-AGE SPECIFIC SURVIVAL OF HIV-NEGATIVE USERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0292 K. Langohr1, R. Muga1, A. Sanvisens1, J. Tor1, J. Santesmases1, I. Serra1, C. Rey-Joly1, A. Munoz2 Prognosis of HIV+ IDUs in developed areas has improved substantially since 1997 being nowadays similar to the one of HIV - of comparable age and sex. |
| MoPE0293 | BODY COMPOSITION IN MEN WITH LIPODYSTROPHY ENROLLED IN THE MULTICENTER AIDS COHORT STUDY JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, BALTIMORE, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY, CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, DAVID GEFFEN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT UCLA AND HARBOR-UCLA MEDICAL CENTER, LOS ANGELES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0293 A. Dobs1, T. Brown1, M. John1, F. Palella2, J. Chmiel2, M. Witt3, L. Kingsley4 Self-reported lipodystrophy was associated with consistent differences in body composition as measured by DEXA and CT of the abdomen. Compared to our two control groups, HIV+LD+ men had lower BMI, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and anthropomorphic circumferences, but increased visceral adiposity. |
| MoPE0294 | LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN HOSPITALIZATIONS AMONG HIV-INFECTED INJECTION DRUG USERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0294 N. Galai1, G.M. Lucas2, P. O'Driscoll1, M. Schaeffer1, J. Gallant2, D.D. Celentano1, G.D. Kirk1, S.H. Mehta1 With increasing use of HAART among HIV-infected IDUs, rates of hospitalization have significantly declined. Predictors of increased hospitalization included both insurance availability and lifestyle factors; these associations with hospitalization have remained stable over time. Further evaluation of the changing patterns and increased hospitalizations for chronic non-AIDS related diseases among this aging HIV-infected population is warranted. |
| MoPE0295 | THE EFFECT OF A DECLINE IN THE ADULT HIV PREVALENCE ON THE RISK OF ORPHANHOOD IN THE RAKAI COHORT, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0295 F. Makumbi1, J. Kagaayi2, R. Gray3, N. Sewankambo4, M. Wawer5, F. Wabwire-Mangen6, D. Serwada6, F. Nalugoda7 The prevalence of orphanhood has significantly decreased with declining prevalence of adult HIV-infection, but little change has occurred in the incidence of orphanhood especially among the under 5 children with at least one HIV+ parent. |
| MoPE0296 | THE IMPACT OF HAART ON THE INCIDENCE OF AIDS AND DEATH IN ENGLAND AND WALES: 1993-2004 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0296 T. Chadborn1, C. Sabin2, B. Evans1, V. Delpech1 The incidence of death declined dramatically in the HAART era but remains high at low CD4 counts and the absolute time-at-risk with low CD4 counts has changed little. Incidence of TB declined less than other AIDS-defining illnesses including lymphoma although under-reporting of AIDS since 2000 probably affects trends. Individuals recently diagnosed experience disproportionate morbidity and mortality that might be reduced by earlier HIV testing. |
| MoPE0297 | FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PREMATURE MORTALITY AMONG YOUNG INJECTION DRUG USERS IN A CANADIAN SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0297 C.L. Miller1, S. Strathdee2, K. Li1, T. Kerr1, E. Wood1 Premature mortality was almost 16 times higher among young IDUs than the general population. The majority of deaths among the young female participants were attributable to homicide, suggesting intervention must occur not only through harm reduction services but also at the socio-structural level among policing and legal services. |
| MoPE0298 | RISK OF NEOPLASIA AMONG HIV-INFECTED PERSONS IN SCOTLAND; A COMPARISON OF THE PRE AND POST HAART INTRODUCTION ERAS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0298 G. Allardice1, D. Brewster2, D. Hole3, D. Goldberg4, K. Roy4, G. Codere4, L. Shaw4 Although the risk of cancer overall remains elevated in HIV+ individuals, there is evidence of a considerable decrease in risk during the five year period following the introduction of HAART in Scotland. Further analysis will explore risks by type of cancer. |
| MoPE0299 | THE IMPACT OF HIV/AIDS ON REFUGEES - MORTALITY TRENDS IN DUKWI REFUGEE CAMP, BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0299 J. Papo1, L. Bruns2 Mortality trends point to the urgent need to secure refugee access to national ART and PMTCT programs. Dukwi's existing programs of home-based care, supplementary feeding and provision of formula-milk are helpful, but largely inadequate. Mass awareness campaigns should be conducted to promote HIV testing and condom use. Mortality data should be systematically collected and analysed by organisations working with refugees. |
| MoPE0300 | PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING IN HIV-NEGATIVE AND HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN IN THE WOMEN'S INTERAGENCY HIV STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0300 A. Terzian1, S. Holman2, N. Nathwani3, E. Robison4, K. Weber5, M. Young6, S. Gange1 Our study is one of the first to identify factors in HIV-infected individuals associated with impaired strength and mobility. As HIV-infected individuals with access to potent therapies survive longer, it is increasingly important to quantify the effect of HIV and its treatment on broader measures of health. |
| Track D – Social, Behavioural and Economic Sciences | |
| MoPE0301 | BREASTFEEDING IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH IMMUNOLOGICAL, VIROLOGICAL OR CLINICAL PROGRESSION AMONG HIV-INFECTED MOTHERS IN PUNE, INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0301 J. Sastry1, N. Gupte1, P. Naphade2, R. Bhosale2, V. Kulkarni1, A. Bhore2, S. Dabak2, S. Patil2, K. Puppal2, M. Bhide2, M. Phadke3, R. Bollinger4, MIT Study Group In contrast to previous studies, breastfeeding among HIV-positive Indian mothers, regardless of its duration, is not a risk factor for immunological, virologic or clinical HIV disease progression. |
| MoPE0302 | THE IMPACT OF COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS AND ART ON MORTALITY AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS IN HIV-INFECTED ZAMBIAN CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0302 V. Mulenga1, D. Ford2, J. Abernethy2, S. Walker2, C. Chintu1, D. Gibb2, CHAP Trial Team There was continued benefit of cotrimoxazole during and after the trial. Mortality decreased and HAs decreased even further (5 and 2-fold) following increased ART availability, similar to the HAART impact observed in developed countries. |
| MoPE0303 | HIGH MORTALITY RATE IN A COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS RECEIVING HOME-BASED CARE IN THE KILIMANJARO REGION, TANZANIA, 2003-2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0303 L.G. Tillekeratne1, N.M. Thielman1, R.A. Kiwera2, H.Y. Chu1, L. Kaale2, S.C. Morpeth1, S. Mtweve2, J.F. Shao3, J.A. Bartlett1, J.A. Crump1 Mortality was high and associated with symptomatic advanced HIV disease in this cohort. The conditions associated with mortality could help identify a subgroup of clients in urgent need of ART. The high fatality rate underscores the need to equip HBC programs with resources for improving patient outcomes. |
| MoPE0304 | CONTINUED SPREAD OF HIV AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS IN SOUTHERN SICHUAN PROVINCE, CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0304 L. Zhang1, Y. Ruan1, L. Yin1, H. Qian2, G. Qin3, K. Chen4, X. Cao1, C. Hao1, N. Wang1, Y. Shao1 IDUs with high prevalence rates of HIV and equipment sharing behavior in the drug trafficking city may serve a source for further spread of HIV to other geographic areas. The increasing trend of HIV epidemic among IDUs in the study site underscores the urgency of scaling up interventions. |
| MoPE0305 | INCREASED MORTALITY IN RURAL PATIENTS WITH HIV IN NEW ENGLAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0305 T. Lahey1, B. Marsh1, J. Curtin1, K. Wood2, B. Eccles2, C.F. von Reyn1 Patients with HIV who live in rural New England have higher mortality rates than their urban peers. |
| MoPE0306 | VIRAL LOAD, GENOTYPIC DRUG RESISTANCE ASSAY IN AIDS PATIENTS TREATED WITH D4T+3TC +NVP REGIMEN: FROM ROUTINE TO RESEARCH Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0306 O. Karnkawinpong1, S. Akksilp1, S. Korianudom2 Anti-retroviral Treatment has been widely prescribed across the world. This project aims to evaluate the status of drug resistance in patients treated with d4T+3TC +NVP regimen in routine ART program in Ubon ratchatani, a northeastern province in Thailand. |
| MoPE0307 | AIDS MORTALITY TRENDS, GENDER AND SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, MEXICO 1988-2003 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0307 O. Matsui-Santana, A. Celis de la Rosa, L.M. Jiménez-Perez, L. Flores-González Mexican AIDS epidemiological surveillance has been reporting only the cumulative number of AIDS deaths. Only two articles have addressed this mortality to calculate years of potential life lost and years of potential productive life lost. The aim of this paper is to analyze Mexican AIDS mortality trends, when grouped by gender and State socioeconomic development during 1988 - 2003. |
| MoPE0308 | HIV-1 DISEASE PROGRESSION IN BREASTFEEDING AND FORMULA FEEDING MOTHERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0308 P. Otieno1, E. Brown2, D. Mbori-Ngacha3, R. Nduati3, E. Obimbo3, R. Bosire3, C. Farquhar4, B. Richardson2, S. Emery5, J. Overbaugh5, G. John-Stewart4 Persistent breastfeeding was associated with increased rate of decline in CD4 count in the 2-year postnatal period. However breastfeeding was not associated with increased HIV-1 RNA levels and mortality. |
| MoPE0309 | TARGETING HIV PREVENTION IN WUHAN, CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0309 W. Zhou1, X. Wang1, Z. Yao1, J. Gong2, C. Im3, D. Metzger4, W. Ho5 Although prevalence in Wuhan remains low, the rate of increase suggests an emerging epidemic. There is a need to incorporate community-based surveillance to more precisely monitor HIV infection among the estimated 60,000-80,000 IDUs and 100,000-150,000 commercial sex workers in Wuhan area. Since Wuhan is a major transportation hub with vital rail, water, and highways, it is important to consider both permanent residents and floating populations in future surveillance efforts. |
| MoPE0310 | MEDIAN SURVIVAL AND AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY OF DANISH HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS: A COMPARISON WITH THE GENERAL POPULATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0310 N. Lohse1, A.-B.E. Hansen1, G. Pedersen2, G. Kronborg3, J. Gerstoft4, H.T. Sørensen5, M. Væth6, N. Obel1, Danish HIV Cohort Study HIV-infected patients in the late-HAART era may live long enough to benefit from long-term family and pension planning. These predictions assume continuous treatment success beyond the 10 years that are the maximum real-time experience with HAART. |
| MoPE0311 | ESTIMATES OF ADULT MORTALITY FROM CENSUSES DATA IN ZAMBIA IN THE ERA OF HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0311 K. Dzekedzeke, K. Fylkesnes Consistent pattern of estimates by sex irrespective of data source for late 1990s shows plausibility of censuses estimates. Estimates for the 1990s from ZDHS and cohort were closer but censuses estimates were higher most likely due to biases caused by correlation of sibling deaths and shorter durations of observation in the surveys. Typical, adult death rates tended to be higher among men than women in 1969-1980 and 1990-1996 but the opposite was the case in the late 90s. Deterioration of death rate and its change in favour of men is likely due to HIV as shown by a lower prevalence and PAF among men than women in the cohort followed up from 1995/96-1998/99. |
| MoPE0312 | QUANTIFYING PROGRESSION OF HIV RNA AND CD4 CELL COUNT USING A GENERALIZED ADDITIVE MODELING FRAMEWORK Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0312 K.M. Johnston1, A.R. Levy1, B. Sobolev1, D. James2, P.R. Harrigan3, R.S. Hogg3, J.S. Montaner3 Generalized additive modeling is a promising technique for describing the progression of HIV. The results can be used to realistically predict progression of prognostic variables over time and in relation to other relevant variables. This information will be used in a computer simulation tool for estimating health services utilization which will describe disease progression at the level of physiological processes. |
| MoPE0313 | THE EFFECT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON SECONDARY TRANSMISSION OF HIV AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0313 A.W. McCormick1, R.P. Walensky2, M. Lipsitch1, E. Losina3, H. Hsu4, M.C. Weinstein5, A.D. Paltiel6, K.A. Freedberg7, G.R. Seage III1 Behavioral changes in patients on ART have a major impact on transmission. Programs which target prevention, in order to decrease further HIV transmission, are crucial to epidemic control. |
| MoPE0314 | BACK-PROJECTION MODELS LINKING HIV DIAGNOSES AND TESTING BEHAVIOUR AS ONE METHOD TO ESTIMATE INCIDENCE IN CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0314 D. Schanzer This model suggests that new HIV infections started to increase around 1997, although the rate of increase in incidence is considerably slower than in the 1980s. Surveillance of new diagnoses over the next 3 to 5 years will signal whether the second wave of incidence has peaked. As the pool of infected, both aware and unaware, continue to increase, renewed and sustained prevention messages are essential to dampen this recent increase. |
| MoPE0315 | THE AVAHAN HIV-PREVENTION INTERVENTION PROGRAMME IN INDIA: PRELIMINARY MODELLING RESULTS ON POTENTIALLY ACHIEVABLE LEVELS OF EFFECTIVENESS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0315 J.R. Williams1, M.-C. Boily2, A. Foss3, P. Vickerman3, B. Ramesh4, S. Reza Paul5, S. Moses5, J. Blanchard5, C.M. Lowndes6, C. Watts3, M. Alary6 Increased condom use by FSWs is likely to result in greatest and most rapid impact. LHS analysis suggested intervention effectiveness could vary over a relatively wide range, depending on baseline characteristics, but was most strongly and negatively associated with FSW HIV prevalence. So the effectiveness of interventions is likely to be largest in low prevalence settings, independently of population characteristics. |
| MoPE0316 | MODELING PERINATAL HIV TRANSMISSION: ESTIMATING HIV DNA PCR SENSITIVITY AND HIV TRANSMISSION PROBABILITIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0316 N. Gupte1, R. Brookmeyer2, R. Bollinger3, G. Gray4 In developing countries, perinatal HIV transmission poses an important public health problem. Evaluating the transmission dynamics is important so that targeted interventions can be offered to mothers and their infants. The suggested model can not only be used to estimate the risk of HIV transmission but also to study the dynamics of infection through breastfeeding, as well as for evaluation of interventions that target the specific perinatal transmission phases. |
| MoPE0317 | MODELING HIV INFECTION IN ONTARIO: A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0317 P. Yan1, R.S. Remis2, C.P. Archibald1, C. Swantee2 Two independent approaches to estimating HIV incidence in Ontario yield similar and plausible results; both methods revealed a marked increase in HIV incidence from 1996 to 2004 in MSM and those infected heterosexually. The back-calculation model simultaneously utilized HIV diagnostic and detuned assay data to enhance robustness; the iterative model employed data from a wide range of sources. Thus, "triangulation" of approaches and multiple data sources adds plausibility to the resulting estimates. |
| MoPE0318 | PROJECTING THE BURDEN OF AIDS MORTALITY: A REVIEW 10 YEARS ON Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0318 B. Epstein In 1994, the Census Bureau was criticized for overestimating the impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemics. Current projections indicate that the early set had somewhat overestimated the impact of AIDS mortality or been right on target depending on the country due to a number of factors, including the availability of better data about the state of the HIV/AIDS epidemics and an increasing effort by countries to prevent new infections. |
| MoPE0319 | UNDERSTANDING THE PAST AND PREDICTING THE FUTURE: THE EVOLUTION OF MDR HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0319 S. Blower1, R. Smith1, J. Okano1, E. Bodine1, J. Kahn2 We can reconstruct the past temporal dynamics of interlocking multiple-strain epidemics that were interconnected through transmission, acquired resistance and sequential amplification of resistance. Our model can also be used predict the future, and to design novel and effective epidemic control strategies for containing single-class, dual-class and triple-class resistant strains. |
| MoPE0320 | FUTURE IMPACT OF A HIV-1 VACCINE AND HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) ON THE HIV/AIDS EPIDEMIC IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0320 S. Yau1, A. Boulle2, D. Moore1, E. Wood1, J. Montaner1, R. Hogg1 With the reality of a preventive vaccine many years away, increased efforts must be sustained and expanded to provide treatment access to those affected by the epidemic and research for a usable vaccine. In this hypothetical scenario, combined vaccine and HAART use targeting the adult population out-weight the use of HAART and vaccine alone. |
| MoPE0321 | HOW TO TARGET TOPS: COMBIVIR TO REDUCE NEVIRAPINE-RESISTANCE AFTER PMTCT: A STOCHASTIC MODEL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0321 D. Westreich, A. Van Rie Our model suggests that when there is insufficient Combivir for universal TOPS among pregnant women not receiving HAART, the impact of TOPS may be maximized by careful selection of a CD4-stratum-specific subpopulations for the intervention, a selection which should be informed by any projected delay in HAART availability. |
| MoPE0322 | THE EFFECT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIORS OF MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0322 A. McCormick1, M. Lipsitch1, M. Hernáns1, E. Losina2, G. Seage1 Our analyses suggest that AZT and HAART use had little if any causal effect on sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men in the MACS. These findings suggest that there are other factors that are causing there to be an increase the occurrence or risky sexual behavior among men who have sex with men. |
| MoPE0323 | ESTIMATING ART NEEDS AMONG A RURAL COHORT OF ADULTS IN KISESA, TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0323 R. Isingo1, A. Wringe2, M. Urassa1, J. Changalucha1, Y. Kumologa1, B. Zaba2 Although there are more HIV-positive women than men in Kisesa, men are more likely to need ART before 2010, irrespective of residence or current age, reflecting their shorter median survival time post-infection. The very high proportion of adults currently over 30 who will need ART before 2010 is consistent with high rates of infection among young adults. It will be important to assess the relative uptake of ART among Kisesa residents to monitor equity in access to treatment. |
| MoPE0324 | PREGNANCY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR HIV INFECTION IN A RURAL TANZANIAN COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0324 M. Urassa1, R. Isingo1, M. Ndege1, Y. Kumologa1, B. Makelemo1, M. Marston2, J. Changalucha1, B. Zaba2 Although it was not possible to determine whether sero-conversions in inter-survey intervals (which averaged 3 years) actually coincided with the pregnancy, the strength and consistency of the relationship leads us to postulate that pregnancy is associated with lower HIV incidence. |
| MoPE0325 | HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS SEROCONVERSION AMONG MALE INMATES IN A STATE PRISON SYSTEM FROM 1992 THROUGH 2005 - UNITED STATES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0325 K. Jafa1, L. Fitzpatrick1, P. McElroy1, C.B. Borkowf1, W. Heneine1, K. Robbins1, R.J. MacGowan1, A.D. Margolis1, A.E. Greenberg1, Z. Henderson2, D. Stratford1, E. McLellan-Lemal1, P. Sullivan1 We documented risk behaviors associated with HIV seroconversion and substantial primary drug resistance during incarceration. Prison HIV prevention programs should educate inmates on risks of unprotected male-male sex. Routine resistance testing and appropriate treatment may reduce drug resistance. Further research is required to determine the roles of race, BMI, and prison tattooing in HIV transmission. |
| MoPE0326 | DEAD SPACE SYRINGES AND HIV RISK AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0326 W. Zule, E. Costenbader, C. Coomes As hypothesized, use of dead space syringes was associated with prevalent HIV infection. However, a causal relationship cannot be established from this study. Additional research is needed to determine the impact of dead space syringes on HIV transmission among IDUs. |
| MoPE0327 | HIV AND HCV INFECTIONS IN THE MONTREAL STREET YOUTH COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0327 É. Roy1, N. Haley2, P. Leclerc2, J.-F. Boudreau1, J.-F. Boivin3 HIV and HCV risk behaviours and infections are disturbingly important among SY in Montreal. More youth-specific and personalized prevention efforts are needed in order to reach this vulnerable population. |
| MoPE0328 | SELF-REPORTED SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIORS AND HIV PREVALENCE AMONG A SAMPLE OF ACTIVE INJECTION DRUG USERS RESIDING IN NEW YORK CITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0328 C. Murrill1, H. Hagan2, T. Wendel2, C. Cleland2, K.-l. Liu1, S. Raj-Singh1, A. Woodall2, L. Torian1 Sexual risk, in addition to injection related risk, should be addressed in prevention programs implemented in settings that target this population group (i.e. syringe exchange). |
| MoPE0329 | SEXUAL RISK FACTORS OF HIV INFECTION IN AFRICA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF 77 PAPERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0329 L. Chen1, M. Silvaggio1, B. Stirling1, N. Nagelkerke2, P. Jha1 The systematic review provides strong evidence that commercial sex, multiple sex partners, STI, HSV-2 seropositive and male lack of circumcision were significantly associated with HIV infection. Risk changed a little over time and at different background rates of HIV in the general population. Our study reinforces the need for prevention programs to reduce risky sex, and strengthens the role of HSV-2 on HIV transmission. |
| MoPE0330 | PARENTAL DEATH AND HIV RISK AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE IN SOUTH AFRICA: FINDINGS FROM A NATIONAL REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0330 D. Operario1, A. Pettifor2, L. Cluver1, C. MacPhail3, H. Rees3 Loss of a parent is a potential risk factor for HIV status among young people in South Africa. Low educational completion and, for those under 18, lack of a caretaker are also associated with parental death. Findings suggest a need for HIV prevention and educational interventions for young people in South Africa who have experienced a parental death. |
| MoPE0331 | PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR HIV INFECTION IN UGANDA: RESULTS OF A NATIONAL POPULATION BASED HIV SEROLOGICAL SURVEY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0331 W.L. Kirungi1, J. Musinguzi1, A. Opio1, J. Kafuko2, F. Kaharuza3, R. Bunnell3, A. Cross4, V. Mishra4, J. Mermin3 Despite early declines, Uganda continues to have high HIV prevalence, with considerable regional variation. This survey provides robust HIV prevalence estimates, complementing sentinel surveillance and within limitations of cross-sectional design, identifies high-risk sub-groups and sexual-behaviour that should constitute the focus of re-invigorated prevention. |
| MoPE0332 | HIGH POTENTIALS OF ESCALATING HIV TRANSMISSION IN A LOW PREVALENCE SETTING IN RURAL TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0332 K.I. Yahya-Malima1, M.I. Matee2, B.E. Olsen1, K.M. Fylkesnes1 This is a relatively young and apparently increasing epidemic as evidenced by ANC-based data. The potential for escalation seems evident as revealed by risk behaviour pattern of low condom use and multiple sexual partners in men. HIV was more prevalent in women indicating their higher vulnerability. There was a close match between the ANC-based and the population-based estimate. There is an urgent need to establish locally applicable prevention strategies. |
| MoPE0333 | BEHAVIOURALLY BISEXUAL MEN AS A BRIDGE POPULATION FOR STIS AND HIV: EVIDENCE FROM A NATIONAL PROBABILITY SURVEY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0333 C.H. Mercer1, J.A. Cassell1, A.M. Johnson2 A substantial proportion of BBM reported sexual attraction only to women and is not appropriately targeted by safe-sex messages aimed at men identifying as gay. Our data have important implications for health promotion and partner notification among this bridge population at high risk of HIV acquisition and transmission. |
| MoPE0334 | SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE OF STI/HIV AND RISK BEHAVIOR IN VULNERABLE POPULATIONS IN FIVE CENTRAL AMERICAN COUNTRIES: FINAL RESULTS FROM THE ESTUDIO MULTICÉNTRICO (EMC) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0334 R.J. Soto1, A.E. Ghee2, C.A. Nuñez3, K. Tapia4, S. Astete4, J.P. Hughes5, S.H. Holte4, K.K. Holmes6, EMC Study Team The EMC documented an expanding HIV epidemic among MSM, potential bridging between MSM and female partners and low exposure of MSM to behavioral interventions. HIV seroprevalence among FSW was highest in Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador, and HSV-2 infection, a strong HIV co-factor, was common in all countries (overall 85% seroprevalence). Condom use was inconsistent in both populations. |
| MoPE0335 | PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE RATES OF HIV AND HCV INFECTION, AND RISK FACTORS AMONG ABORIGINAL YOUTH THAT USE DRUGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0335 K.J.P. Craib1, A. Moniruzzaman1, M.T. Schechter2, P.M. Spittal2 HIV and HCV prevalence and incidence rates are elevated in young Aboriginal drug users residing in Vancouver and Prince George. Culturally sensitive, evidence-based, prevention and treatment programs are urgently required in this population. |
| MoPE0336 | ARRESTS FOR SYRINGE POSSESSION AND SHOOTING GALLERY USE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH RECEPTIVE NEEDLE SHARING IN TWO MEXICAN-U.S BORDER CITIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0336 R.A. Pollini1, K.C. Brouwer1, R. Lozada2, M. Firestone1, C. Magis-Rodriguez3, P. Case4, S. Burris5, C. Miller6, S.A. Strathdee1 Common environmental factors influenced needle sharing practices in these settings, suggesting that structural-level interventions addressing policing and interventions based in shooting galleries are warranted to avert a potentially explosive HIV epidemic. |
| MoPE0337 | HIGH-RISK SEXUAL NETWORKS OF INDOOR COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS (CSW), THEIR CLIENTS, AND OTHER SEXUAL PARTNERS IN VANCOUVER, CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0337 V.P. Remple1, D.M. Patrick1, M.W. Tyndall2, C. Johnston3, A.M. Jolly4 Social network analysis provides valuable tools with which to examine HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk at the individual, dyadic, and network levels. The potential for propagation of HIV and other STI throughout the MP networks and to the lower risk, general population is high. Outreach education should focus on 100% condom use with with all partners, and should target HR, focussing on minimizing the number of concurrent CSW partners. |
| MoPE0338 | FRAILTY AND TIME FROM HAART INITIATION TO AIDS OR DEATH Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0338 L. Desquilbet1, J.B. Margolick2, L.P. Fried3, J.P. Phair4, C.M. Williams5, B.D. Jamieson6, M. Holloway7, L.P. Jacobson1 FRP before HAART initiation was a strong predictor of worse prognosis after HAART, independent of CD4 count, viral load and clinical AIDS status prior to HAART. |
| MoPE0339 | HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION AND RISK OF INCIDENT HIV INFECTION AMONG SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0339 L. Myer1, L. Denny2, T.C. Wright3, L. Kuhn4 These findings contribute to the evidence from general population cohorts that HC use is not associated with increased risk of women's HIV infection. We hypothesize that methodological differences in the measurement of and adjustment for sexual behaviors, which confound the association between HC and HIV acquisition, are responsible for the mixed findings from previous research. Family planning services remain an important venue for HIV prevention activities. |
| MoPE0340 | HIV INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR HIV TRANSMISSION IN AN HIV VACCINE FEASIBILITY STUDY IN RURAL UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0340 E. Ruzagira1, A. Kamali1, A. Bwanika1, U. Bahemuka1, M. Price2, H. Grosskurth1 These findings suggest that young people (<45 years) would be more suitable for the planned vaccine efficacy trials in this general population. HIV risk perception and history of STIs could be useful factors in screening for high-risk population. |
| MoPE0341 | THE CURRENT MAGNITUDE AND RISK FACTORS FOR HIV-1 INFECTIONS IN RURAL TANZANIA. IMPLICATIONS FOR TREATMENT AND PREVENTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0341 E.J. Mmbaga1, G.H. Leyna2, A. Hussain3, K.S. Mnyika4, K.-I. Klepp5 The results suggest that HIV-1 is highly prevalent in rural Tanzania with sexual risk behaviours being the main fuelling factors. As substantial number of those infected may be in need of antiretroviral therapy, ensuring adequate level of services are available for HIV-1 infected individuals by promoting access in treatment and care are called for in rural areas. |
| MoPE0342 | VIAGRA, METHAMPHETAMINE AND HIV RISK: RESULTS FROM A PROBABILITY SAMPLE OF MSM, SAN FRANCISCO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0342 H. Spindler1, S. Scheer1, S. Chen1, J. Klausner1, L. Valleroy2, S. Schwarcz1 Viagra has been associated with high risk sexual and drug using behavior and HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). Crystal methamphetamine may be used by MSM in conjunction with Viagra to prolong sexual activity and to counteract erectile dysfunction that may occur from use of crystal methamphetamine. We compared the prevalence and sexual and drug using behaviors of MSM who did not use Viagra, used Viagra without other mood-altering substances, used Viagra with methamphetamine, and used crystal methamphetamine without Viagra. We compared the independent risk of unprotected serodiscordant insertive and receptive anal intercourse associated with use of Viagra without other drugs, use of crystal methamphetamine without Viagra, and the use of Viagra combined with crystal methamphetamine. |
| MoPE0343 | CORRELATES OF CONDOM USE IN HAITI: IMPLICATIONS FOR HIV PREVENTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0343 J.G. Dévieux1, G. Saint-Jean2, M. Jean-Gilles1, R.M. Malow1 Although more recent epidemiological trends suggest reduced overall prevalence of HIV in Haiti, the extremely low overall use of condoms at last intercourse suggest that significant efforts need to be aimed at increasing overall HIV knowledge and use of preventive measures. Specific demographic groups such as women, older adults and rural residents would need to be specifically targeted for interventions aimed at increasing skills and access to condoms. |
| MoPE0344 | CIRCUMCISION RAZOR A PREVENTIVE TOOL OR A STRATEGIC VECTOR IN THE TRANSMISSION OF HIV? - A CASE OF ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0344 K. Zulu1, N.D. Bulawo2, W. Zulu3 Preventing new HIV infections in young people is the only way to stop and control the epidemic and the misery it brings. Awareness about "occupational" risk of HIV is very poor. Repeated use of un-sterile razors in circumcision is likely to undo the successes that circumcision may play in stopping HIV and may contribute seriously to HIV/AIDS epidemic in Zambia. It emphasizes the need for oriented education to create awareness among initiators and conveying information in this concern, focused on motivation, modern practice and safe circumcision procedures. |
| MoPE0345 | YOUNG PREGNANT WOMEN HIV INFECTION IN EUROPE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0345 C. Thorne, M.-L. Newell, European Collaborative Study Young HIV-infected pregnant women in Europe are a heterogeneous group and possibly less identifiable as being at risk of HIV infection. They will have diverse needs for services during and after pregnancy, including harm reduction services and psycho-social support, in addition to a universal need for PMTCT services. |
| MoPE0346 | PREGNANCY AND THE RISK OF HIV ACQUISITION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0346 C. Morrison1, J. Wang2, N. Padian3, R. Salata4, B. Richardson2 Neither pregnancy nor lactation placed women at increased risk of HIV acquisition in this multi-site, prospective study of African women. This information is important in planning interventions to reduce HIV acquisition among women. |
| MoPE0347 | SELF-REPORTED SEXUAL ACTIVITY AS AN INDICATOR OF HIGH RISK OF HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0347 N. Mehta1, F. Ogunsola2, O. Obunge3, L. Wang1, V. Halpern1, L. McNeil1, V. Bragg1 The inverse correlation across sites between sexual activity and HIV/STI prevalence suggests that self-reported sexual activity alone does not necessarily indicate high risk of HIV. Additional indicators, such as STI prevalence or condom use, should be considered when selecting study sites for future HIV prevention trials. |
| MoPE0348 | DIFFERENTIALS IN HIV SEROPOSITIVITY BY GENDER AND MARITAL STATUS: RESULTS FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM A RURAL HOSPITAL IN INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0348 N. Pai1, R. Joshi2, D.K. Mendiratta2, B. Taksande2, S. Kalantri2, M. Pai1, P. Narang2, J.P. Tulsky3, A.L. Reingold1 In this rural pre-selected hospital population, adjusting for all other risk factors, married women had a higher risk of HIV seropositivity. Significant predictors were young age, use of alcohol during sex and extramarital sex. Further analysis of data on couples is underway to delineate further the impact of gender and marital status. |
| MoPE0349 | RISK BEHAVIOR, HORMONE USE, SURGICAL HISTORY AND HIV INFECTION AMONG TRANSGENDERED PERSONS (TG) IN THAILAND, 2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0349 W. Wimonsate1, S. Naorat2, A. Varangrat2, P. Phanuphak3, K. Kanggarnrua4, J. McNicholl5, J.W. Tappero6, F. van Griensvn7, T. Siraprapasiri8, Thailand MSM Study Group These TG had high HIV infection risk, were highly sexually active, had low levels of always using condoms and often engaged in sex work. Female hormone use and surgery were common, but neo-vaginal surgery was not. The relation between female hormone use and HIV infection needs further investigation. |
| MoPE0350 | PREDICTORS OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION DRUG USE AND HIV TRANSMISSION RISK: AN ONLINE STUDY IN THE US AND CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0350 S. Hirshfield1, M.A. Chiasson1, M. Humberstone2, R. Remien3 In this MSM sample, EP, UIAI, and recreational substance use were significantly associated with ever using ED drugs. HIV+ ED drug users reporting UIAI with serodiscordant partners signals the need for targeted prevention efforts. Further understanding of sexual risk in the context of substance and/or ED drug use, and their potential roles in enabling HIV transmission risk behaviors, is needed to prevent the spread of HIV. |
| MoPE0351 | EVALUATING THE PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS FRAMEWORK FOR HIV INFECTION IN RURAL ZIMBABWE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0351 J. Lewis1, C. Donnelly1, P. Mare2, Z. Mupambireyi2, G. Garnett1, S. Gregson1 The significance of several underlying determinants, even after adjustment for the proximate determinants, suggests that the proximate determinants were not measured completely. One of the most important determinants of an individual's risk of HIV infection is the HIV status of their sexual partners. This was not measured in this survey and may be expected to be related to the individual's age (as a predictor for the age of the partner), marital status and community prevalence. Hence, partner's HIV status will be measured in a subsequent round of this cohort. |
| MoPE0352 | SEXUAL PRACTICES AND RISK FACTORS FOR HIV AMONG YOUNG MEN IN KISUMU, KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0352 C.L. Mattson1, R.C. Bailey1, S. Moses2, K. Agot3, J.O. Ndinya-Achola4 This analysis confirms the importance of several established risk factors for HIV in Kenya and highlights the importance of blood exposures, which requires further investigation. |
| MoPE0353 | MALE INJECTING DRUG USERS WHO HAVE SEX WITH OTHER MEN: ASSESSING INCREASED VULNERABILITY AND PROSPECTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE PREVENTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0353 A. Ferreira1, W. Caiaffa2, F. Bastos3, S. Mingoti4, AjUDE-Brasil II Project Recent international studies have highlighted increasing HIV infection rates among men who have sex with other men (MSM), especially among those who inject illicit drugs. The present study assess the behaviors of a subgroup of Brazilian male injecting drug users (IDUs) who made sex with other men (IDU-MSM). |
| MoPE0354 | HIV INFECTION RISK AMONG CHILDREN SERVED BY THE PUBLIC HEALTH SECTOR IN A PARTICULAR PROVINCE IN SOUTH AFRICA: A CROSSSECTIONAL STUDY WITH NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0354 T.I. Mosala1, O. Shisana2, T. Rehle1, C. Connolly3, P. Dana1 The study shows that HIV transmission in South African children is primarily vertical transmission from mother to child and that transmission from other routes is minimal. However, among the few children exposed to factors such as getting expressed milk from milkroom and being breast-feed by a non-biological HIV positive mother the a risk of non-vertical HIV transmission is considerable. |
| MoPE0355 | HIGH HIV PREVALENCE AMONG STREET-BASED SEX WORKERS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0355 P. Nhurod1, L. Bollen2, P. Smutraprapoot1, O. Suksripanich2, P. Manomaipiboon1, C. Nandavisai2, R. Anekvorapong1, R. Lolekha2, W. Aueaksorn2, W. Suphachaturas1, S. Supawitkul2, P. Akarasewi2, K. Fox2 Altlhough participating street-based FSWs may not be a representative sample, they had substantially higher HIV prevalence than venue-based FSWs. Street-based FSWs should be sampled systematically during routine surveillance. Rapid HIV tests with same day results will be considered for mobile VCT, and prevention efforts implemented to address street-based FSW needs. |
| MoPE0356 | HOME OR AWAY: SEXUAL MIXING WITH PEOPLE FROM OUTSIDE THE UK, HIV RISK BEHAVIOURS AND HIV RISK PERCEPTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0356 C.H. Mercer1, K.A. Fenton2, A.M. Johnson3 Half of people reporting new partners from outside of the UK did so while in the UK. Over half of these respondents reported new partner(s) from other European countries. Increasing migration to the UK from new EU countries in Eastern Europe where HIV incidence is increasing, coupled with evidence of higher risk behaviour among those reporting non-UK new partners, means that promoting safe-sex with new partners from outside of the UK is particularly important to prevent STI/HIV acquisition and transmission. |
| MoPE0357 | CIRCUMSTANCES OF SEXUAL ABUSE IN A COHORT OF CHILDREN ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE POST -EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA TEACHING HOSPITAL: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0357 E. Chomba1, M. Kasese-Bota2 These data, representing one end of the spectrum of Child Sexual Abuse in Zambia and part of the spectrum of gender-related violence in Lusaka will be discussed in the context of Zambian lifestyles and community life, recommendations made for prevention and response. |
| MoPE0358 | HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN CHILDREN IN MAPUTO, MOZAMBIQUE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0358 A. Pedro1, P. Vaz1, S. Le Bozec1, S. Salvador1, G. Biberfeld2, S. Blanche3, S. Andersson2 Although the blood for transfusions is systematically screened for HIV in Mozambique for more than 15 years, with ELISA or 2 rapid tests, there are still infections occurring by this mean. Taking into consideration the high prevalence of HIV, 16.2% in the country, and indications of a high incidence, the blood transfusion procedure needs to be reviewed. Indications for blood transfusions need to be very strict. The possibility of introducing combined antigen/antibody screening assays for HIV should be explored. |
| MoPE0359 | MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV-1 IN TAIWAN: EMERGENCE OF CRF07_BC AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS IN TAIWAN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0359 Y.-M. Chen1, Y.-H. Huang2, Y.-J. Chen2, S.-F. Lai1, Y.-C. Lan1, J.-Y. Yang3, H.-S. Kuo3 CRF07_BC from Yunnan Province, mainland China has become the predominant HIV-1 strain among IDUs in Taiwan. Besides sharing needles, sharing diluents or/and containers is an important risk factor that should be emphasized in the harm reduction program. |
| MoPE0360 | SEXUAL ACTIVITY IN THE EARLY TEENS: LONGITUDINAL DATA FROM ADOLESCENTS 13 TO 15 YEARS OF AGE IN THE BIRTH TO TWENTY STUDY, SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0360 L.M. Richter1, S.A. Norris2, S.A. Fleetwood2, A.J. Swarts2, A. Pettifor3, M.-L. Newell4 Sexual behaviour picks up rapidly from age 13, which strongly coincides with the transition to secondary school, and about half of all reports under 15 years of age indicate that sex is non-consensual. Both young men and young women are at risk of sexual behaviour over which they have limited control. |
| MoPE0361 | PREVALENCE AND PERCEPTION OF HIV/AIDS RISK AMONG PRISONERS IN ILESA PRISON, OSUN STATE, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0361 B. Adeyemi Prisoners engage in HIV/AIDS risky practices. Respondents' knowledge about HIV/AIDS was good and attitude to HIV/AIDS was generally positive indicating a knowledge-practice-gap, which needs to be adequately addressed while they are incarcerated and before they are returned into the society. |
| MoPE0362 | SOCIO-BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS AMONG CENTRAL AMERICAN FEMALE SEX WORKERS AND RELATIONSHIPS TO HIV AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0362 A.E. Ghee1, R.J. Soto2, C.A. Nuñez3, J.P. Hughes4, S. Astete5, S. Aguilar3, S. Holte4, K. Tapia5, K.K. Holmes6, EMC Study Team Findings support an emphasis on condom promotion for commercial sex while highlighting a potential gap in delivering sexual health interventions to young women newly engaging in sex work and in the potential benefit of structural interventions. |
| MoPE0363 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0363 Abstract not available |
| MoPE0364 | EXAMINING RISK BEHAVIORS, PARTNER CHARACTERISTICS, AND HIV PREVALENCE, BY USE OF METHAMPHETAMINE VERSUS OTHER STIMULANTS AMONG MALE INJECTORS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0364 C.S. Krawczyk, F. Molitor, C. Dahlgren, T. Stopka, S. Truax These results suggest a more pronounced influence for methamphetamine than other stimulants on HIV-infection among MSM and MSMW, and on sexual risk taking among MSW. These findings confirm results from our evaluations of other California data indicating the potential for methamphetamine to influence HIV transmission among heterosexual and MSM populations. |
| MoPE0365 | MEASURING ADOLESCENT SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR: DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A SCORING ALGORITHM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0365 S. Slocum, P. Batterham, H. Tevendale, M. Lightfoot The sexual behavior scoring algorithm demonstrated reliable and predictive measurement for use in studies of homeless and at-risk youth. Results suggest that the scoring algorithm is an appropriate indicator for researchers to use in informing policy, developing interventions, examining demographic factors and conducting predictive studies. |
| MoPE0366 | THE RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS OF ADULTS (15 YEARS AND OLDER) WHO HAVE TESTED HIV POSITIVE IN THE SECOND NATIONAL HIV SEROPREVALENCE STUDY OF SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0366 S. Ramlagan1, C. Allanise2, L.C. Simbayi2, G. Setswe1 Knowledge of ones HIV status, whether HIV positive or negative, is important to protect oneself or ones partner. This is determined with the use of condoms among sexually active HIV positive respondents. HIV advocacy, escalating VCT and good condom distribution are seen as reducing risky sexual behaviour. Increased advocacy, specifically targeted at women, is still imperative. |
| MoPE0367 | MIGRATION AND HIV TRANSMISSION IN RURAL SOUTH INDIA: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0367 S. Halli1, J. Blanchard2, S. Reza Paul2, S. Moses3 HIV prevention programs in Bijapur District, and probably elsewhere in rural India, must address issues of sex work and migration, both at places of migration origin and destination. |
| MoPE0368 | INCONSISTENT CONDOM PUTS INDOOR COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS (CSW) AT RISK FOR HIV IN VANCOUVER, CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0368 C. Johnston1, V.P. Remple2, V. Bungay3, R. Leclair1, D.M. Patrick4, M.W. Tyndall5, A.M. Jolly6, J. Barnett7, G. Ogilviez7 High rates of pregnancy, STI, and possibly HIV show that indoor CSW are at high risk for HIV. Education messages must reinforce 100% condom use with all sex partners, and culturally-competent prevention messages to Asian and immigrant women should be emphasized. |
| MoPE0369 | EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV INFECTION IN THE BLACK CARIBBEAN COMMUNITY IN THE UK Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0369 S. Gerver1, I. Solarin2, M. Anderson2, G. Elam3, K. Fenton3, P. Easterbrook4 LIVITY is the first comprehensive study of HIV among BCs in the UK. Key findings are: the high proportion both of HIV infections acquired in the UK and of those with recent sexual contacts in the Caribbean; and the distinct features of the HIV positive BC (male and homosexual) and BC STI (younger, female and heterosexual) populations. |
| MoPE0370 | PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF HIV INFECTION IN RURAL INDIA: AN EXPANDING, HETEROGENEOUS, RURAL EPIDEMIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0370 S. Moses1, M. Becker1, B.M. Ramesh2, R.G. Washington2, S.S. Halli2, J.F. Blanchard2 The rural nature of the HIV epidemic in Bagalkot has important implications for prevention and care programs. The striking differentials observed in HIV prevalence between sub-districts and even villages within these sub-districts, suggest that risk and vulnerability for HIV is highly heterogeneous. Further research is required to understand the individual and communitylevel factors behind these differentials, so that preventive interventions can be directed to where they are most needed, and can be rapidly scaled up. |
| MoPE0371 | THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND HIV INFECTION IN ZIMBABWE: DIFFERENCES BY GENDER AND LOCATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0371 J. Lewis1, G. Garnett1, P. Mushati2, C. Donnelly1, C. Nyamukapa2, S. Chandiwana3, S. Gregson1 The HIV epidemic in rural Zimbabwe has permeated equally through all socioeconomic strata for men. In contrast, poorer women were at higher risk of HIV seropositivity, due to survival strategies that differed by context. |
| MoPE0372 | VIOLENCE IN SEX BUSINESS IS THE POTENTIAL DRIVING FORCE OF HIV-EPIDEMIC IN MOSCOW AND BEYOND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0372 A. Gil1, L. Zohrabian2, A. Shakarishvili3 Violence at sex work is a serious threat for further spread of HIV-infection and other STIs in Moscow and beyond. |
| MoPE0373 | TESTING MODELS OF INDIA'S HIV EPIDEMIC AGAINST EVIDENCE: IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTION AND STIGMA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0373 D. Gisselquist1, M. Correa2 Available evidence suggests that heterosexual transmission among core groups explains only a minority of HIV infections in India. Prevention programs have very likely missed important risks, including blood exposures in health care and cosmetic services. Moreover, public messages which link HIV almost exclusively with behaviors inconsistent with traditional morality may have encouraged stigma by leading people to believe that HIV infection is a sign -- stigma -- of "bad" behavior. |
| MoPE0374 | SOCIAL NETWORK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SYRINGE SHARING AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS IN MONTREAL, CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0374 P. De1, A.M. Jolly2, J. Cox1, J.-F. Boivin1, R. Platt1 IDUs who engage in syringe sharing are at higher odds of exposure to other risk factors related to their personal networks. Larger risk networks consisting of frequent turnover of members and greater numbers of HIV-infected sharing partners increases the probability of transmission of bloodborne infections, despite harm reduction behaviours that may exist among network members. Interventions would benefit from addressing network risk characteristics. |
| MoPE0375 | RISK FACTORS FOR METABOLIC ALTERATIONS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0375 D.J.H.P. Signorini1, M.C.M. Monteiro1, G.V.B. Huguenin2, M.E.A. Passos2, G.R.M. da Silveira2, F. Ferry1, C.A. Morais de Sá1 Sociodemographic and other variables related to social habits were not correlated with MA. Nevertheless, ARV use, as well as, WHR and systemic arterial hypertension were important factors related to MA risk. |
| MoPE0376 | FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MIGRATION AMONG A COHORT OF INJECTION DRUG USERS IN VANCOUVER Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. MoPE0376 B. Rachlis1, R. Hogg1, K. Li2, J. Montaner3, E. Wood3, T. Kerr2 We found migration rates to vary among local IDU. Migration was independently associated with various factors considered, but was most strongly associated with specific drug patterns including injec |