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16th International AIDS ConferenceToronto, Canada — August 13-18, 2006 |
Cite as: Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. xx
| Table of Contents Main Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Late-Breakers |
| Oral Abstracts | |
| Track A | |
| TuAa01 | HIV Replication |
| TuAa0101 | HIV-1 VPR CAUSES G2 ARREST AND APOPTOSIS IN PRIMARY CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTES BY INDUCING DNA REPLICATION STRESS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0101 Zimmerman E., Andersen J., Blackett J., Planelles V. HIV-1 VPR causes replication stress in infected T cells but not in macrophages. This replication stress activates ATR, causing G2 arrest and eventual Bax-dependent apoptosis. The differential cytopathic effects of HIV-1 in T cells and macrophages can be explained, in part, based on the dependence of VPR function on cell division status. |
| TuAa0102 | OPTIMIZATION AND ANTIVIRAL ANALYSIS OF PEPTIDE LIGANDS FOR THE HIV-1 PACKAGING SIGNAL PSI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0102 Dietz J.1, Pustowka A.1, Kaur A.2, Koch J.3, Mensch S.2, Stein S.1, Grez M.1, Divita G.4, Mély Y.5, Schwalbe H.2, Dietrich U.1 The selection of a peptide ligand for PSI-RNA able to inhibit HIV-1 replication proves the suitability of the phage display technology for the selection of peptides binding to RNA-structures. This enables the indentification of peptides serving as leads to interfere with additional targets in the HIV-1 replication cycle. |
| TuAa0103 | FORMATION OF TRANSITION GENOMIC RNA DIMERS DURING THE MATURATION OF HIV-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0103 Song R., Kafaie J., Laughrea M. The 5' Terminal Dimerization Domain of HIV-1 consists of the DIS hairpin (also called SL1 or Kissing-Loop-Domain) and other regions, such as the PBSh. The immature gRNA dimer is a collection of TDs. And the immature gRNA dimer can adopt a spectrum of different conformations during the gRNA dimer maturation process, a process which is also affected by cellular factor(s). |
| TuAa0104 | BOTH LINEAR AND DISCONTINUOUS RIBOSOME SCANNING ARE USED FOR TRANSLATION INITIATION FROM BICISTRONIC HIV-1 ENV MRNAS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0104 Johnson A.1, Anderson J.1, Howard J.1, Krummheuer J.2, Hauber I.3, Kammler S.2, Hauber J.3, Schaal H.2, Purcell D.1 We propose that a minimal upstream uORF before vpu is used in an alternative translation initiation mechanism for Env, such as a ribosome shunting mechanism. This atypical mechanism may be responsible for the maintenance of Env expression even in the presence of upstream AUG's. |
| TuAa0105 | HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPES 1 AND 2 HAVE DIFFERENT REPLICATION KINETICS IN HUMAN PRIMARY MACROPHAGE CULTURE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0105 D. Marchant1, S.J.D. Neil2, Á. McKnight2 These results may have implications for the lower pathogenesis and viral-load characteristics of HIV-2 infection. |
| TuAa02 | Viral Evolution and Diversity |
| TuAa0201 | THE LINK BETWEEN MULTIPLE HIV-1 EXPOSURE AND GENETIC COMPLEXITY OF STRAINS IS REINFORCED BY IDENTIFICATION OF A SECOND CIRCULATING RECOMBINANT FORM AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS IN NORTHERN THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0201 S. Tovanabutra1, G. Kijak1, C. Beyrer2, C. Gammon-Richardson1, S. Sakkhachornphop3, M.H. Razak2, T. Vongchak3, J. Jittiwutikarn4, M. Robb1, V. Suriyanon3, D. Birx5, D. Celentano2, F. McCutchan1 Two new CRFs and many unique recombinant forms of HIV-1 have been identified among IDU in Thailand, confirming that IDU risks contribute to the genetic complexity of the epidemic. Comprehensive prevention services for IDU and other highly exposed risk groups could help to limit the growing complexity of HIV-1 strains in Thailand. |
| TuAa0202 | HLA-B27-ASSOCIATED CTL ESCAPE MUTATIONS DRAMATICALLY REDUCE VIRAL FITNESS OF HIV-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0202 A. Schneidewind1, M. Brockman1, R. Adam1, M. Lahaie1, C. Brander1, A. Kelleher2, B. Walker1, T. Allen1 The selection of high fitness-cost inducing escape mutations within critical regions of HIV-1 capsid may contribute to the immune control associated with HLA-B27. Further insights into the mechanisms of this control will be revealed by analyzing the relationship between escape mutations, viral fitness and host restriction. |
| TuAa0203 | NATURAL RESERVOIRS OF CHIMPANZEE LENTIVIRUSES IDENTICAL TO HIV-1 GROUPS M AND N IN CENTRAL AFRICA. INSIGHT FOR THE ORIGIN OF HIV-1 IN CENTRAL AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0203 H. Hussain This abstract was withdrawn by conference organisers. |
| TuAa0204 | INFECTION WITH SUBTYPE C HIV-1 OF LOWER REPLICATIVE FITNESS AS COMPARED TO SUBTYPES A AND D LEADS TO SLOWER DISEASE PROGRESSION IN ZIMBABWEAN AND UGANDAN WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0204 E. Arts1, K. Demers1, I. Nankya2, F. Kyeyune2, P. Mugyenyi2, T. Chipato3, N. Padian4, B. van der Pol5, C. Morrison6, R. Salata1 When compared to subtype A and D, reduced replicative fitness of subtype C may be linked to slower disease progression. |
| TuAa0205 | MOLECULAR EVIDENCE OF A NEW CIRCULATING RECOMBINANT FORM (CRF) COMPRISING HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 SUBTYPES C AND B IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAa0205 A.F.A. Santos1, T.M. Souza1, E.A.J.M. Soares1, R.B. Lengruber1, A.M.B. Martinez2, E. Sprinz3, J. Silveira4, A. Tanuri1, M.A. Soares1 These mosaics were shown to have a common ancestry and we propose this recombinant form to be termed CRF20_CB. As it represents 11% of the HIV-1 viruses circulating in the southern region of the country, which borders several South American countries, the understanding of its generation and spread is of pivotal importance to the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Brazil and in Latin America. |
| Track B | |
| TuAb01 | Antiretroviral Therapy - Trials and Tribulations |
| TuAb0101 | TRANSMISSION OF HIV DRUG RESISTANCE IN EUROPE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0101 A.M. Wensing1, J. Vercauteren2, D.A. Vijver1, J. Albert3, G. Poggensee4, J.-C. Schmit5, D. Struck5, A.M. Vandamme2, B. Ĺsjö6, C. Balotta7, R. Camacho8, S. Coughlan9, Z. Grossman10, A. Horban11, C. Kücherer12, C. Nielsen13, D. Paraskevis14, E. Puchhammer-Stöckl15, C. Riva7, L. Ruiz16, M. Salminen17, R. Schuurman1, A. Sonnerborg18, M. Stanojevic19, C.A. Boucher1, on behalf of the SPREAD-programme The SPREAD-programme provides the first representative data on transmission of HIV drug-resistance across Europe. The prevalence of 9% baseline resistance in prospectively identified newly diagnosed patients warrants continuous surveillance. |
| TuAb0102 | LONG-TERM CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGIC OUTCOMES ARE SIMILAR IN HIV-INFECTED PERSONS RANDOMIZED TO NNRTI VS PI VS NNRTI+PI-BASED ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMENS AS INITIAL THERAPY: RESULTS OF THE CPCRA 058 FIRST STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0102 R.D. MacArthur1, R.M. Novak2, G. Peng3, L. Chen3, Y. Xiang3, M.J. Kozal4, M. van den Berg-Wolf5, C. Henely6, K. Huppler-Hullsiek3, B. Schmetter7, M. Dehlinger8, for the CPCRA 058 Study Team and the Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA) NNRTI-based and PI-based strategies for initial therapy do not differ for a composite outcome based on CD4+ cell count decline, AIDS events, and death after a median follow-up of 5 years. The NNRTI strategy was superior virologically to the PI-based strategy. A 3-class strategy is not superior to a 2-class strategy for immunologic or clinical outcomes, and is associated with more drug toxicity. |
| TuAb0103 | 48-WEEK EFFICACY AND SAFETY RESULTS OF SIMPLIFICATION TO SINGLE AGENT LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) REGIMEN IN PATIENTS SUPPRESSED BELOW 80 COPIES/ML ON HAART - THE KALMO STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0103 E.P. Nunes1, M.S. Oliveira2, M.M.T.B. Almeida1, J.H. Pilotto2, J.E. Ribeiro2, J.C. Faulhaber1, M. Norton3, M. Schechter1, R. Zajdenverg1 Switching from various triple HAART regimens to LPV/r monotherapy, in patients who were virologically suppressed and without a history of previous virologic failure, was effective, safe and well tolerated through 48 weeks. |
| TuAb0104 | TMC114 PROVIDES DURABLE VIRAL LOAD SUPPRESSION IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS: POWER 1 AND 2 COMBINED WEEK 48 ANALYSIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0104 A. Lazzarin1, F. Queiroz-Telles2, I. Frank3, J. Rockstroh4, S. Walmsley5, E. De Paepe6, T. Vangeneugden6, S. Spinosa-Guzman6, E. Lefebvre7 TMC114/r has demonstrated sustained efficacy in this treatment-experienced population. Its tolerability profile is similar to that of CPIs, with a lower incidence of diarrhea. |
| TuAb0105 | OVERVIEW OF DRUG INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BRECANAVIR (BCV) AND OTHER HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS (PIS) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0105 M.J. Shelton, S. Ford, M.T. Anderson, S. Murray, J. Ng-Cashin BCV exposure was slightly reduced and LPV was unaffected following coadministration with LPV/r. Exposure to both BCV and ATV were increased following coadministration with ATV/RTV. BCV should not be coadministered with TPV/RTV. BCV appears to have a generally favorable drug interaction profile with LPV/r and ATV, such that significant reductions in plasma exposure are not apparent. |
| TuAb02 | Simplifying Access to Laboratory Monitoring and Diagnosis |
| TuAb0201 | RAPID AND EFFICIENT ACUTE HIV DETECTION BY 4TH GENERATION AG/AB ELISA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0201 R. De Souza1, C. Pilcher2, S. Fiscus2, A. Cachafeiro2, M. Kerkau2, L. Scherer3, R.D. Sperhacke4, M. Silva4, S. Castro3, L.F. Brigido5, R. Ryder2 In a clinic setting with high HIV prevalence and mixed subtypes in Southern Brazil, HIV antibody tests failed to detect 1 to 3% of confirmed HIV infections. Pooled NAAT offered no advantage over 4th generation EIA screening for detection of AHI. Simpler FGEIA screening detects AHI with sufficient accuracy to make acute HIV based prevention strategies feasible in resource limited settings. |
| TuAb0202 | UTILITY OF CLINICAL STAGING, TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS, BODY MASS INDEX AND HEMOGLOBIN IN PREDICTING CD4 COUNTS ≤ 200 CELLS/μL IN RURAL UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0202 D. Moore1, A. Awor2, R. Downing2, W. Were2, P. Solberg2, D. Tu3, R. Hogg4, K. Chan4, J. Mermin2 Diagnostic algorithms using TLCs and Hb performed with less accuracy than in previous studies. TLCs may be useful in determining which patients require ART in tropical African countries, but do not precisely predict low CD4 counts. |
| TuAb0203 | EVALUATION OF DRIED BLOOD SPOTS (DBS) FOR DETECTION OF HIV DNA USING PCR IN HIV-EXPOSED INFANTS IN RWANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0203 L.M.F. Gonzalez1, P. Rugimbanya2, R. Sahabo1, E. Abrams3, W. El-Sadr3, A. Tanuri4 Extraction of HIV DNA from DBS appears to be a highly sensitive and specific method to detect HIV infection, comparable to using whole blood samples. DBS provide a good tool to perform infant diagnostic testing in the field.11 clinical sites are now using DBS in Rwanda. |
| TuAb0204 | EVALUATION OF THE CAVIDI EXAVIR™ LOAD QUANTITATIVE HIV RT LOAD IT AS AN ALTERNATIVE HIV VIRAL LOAD MONITORING TEST FOR USE IN RESOURCE-CONSTRAINED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0204 V. Greengrass, P. Steele, M. Plate, L. Morris, S. Crowe The HIV RT assay showed good association with the RT-PCR assay, and has sensitivity approaching that of RTPCR. The HIV RT assay was reproducible using smaller sample volumes making it useful for paediatric testing. |
| TuAb0205 | EVALUATION OF TWO VOLUMETRIC FLOW CYTOMETERS FOR THE QUANTITATION OF CD4+ T CELLS IN THAI HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0205 Y. Phuang-ngern1, V. Pobkeeree2, S. Lerdwana1, E. Noulsri1, N. Onlamoon1, S. Nookhai2, K. Sukapirom1, K. Fox3, J. Tappero2, K. Pattanapanyasat1 The volumetric CyFlowgreen FCM and Guava PCA system performed well relative to the two standard bead-based systems. Use of these new technologies could make CD4+ T cell enumeration more affordable in Thailand and other resourcepoor settings. |
| TuAb03 | Viral Infections and Malignancies - It's the Other Virus, Stupid |
| TuAb0301 | THREE YEARS ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE IN HIV/HCV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS TREATED FOR A CHRONIC HCV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0301 F. Carrat1, P. Cacoub2, S. Pol3, C. Goujard4, L. Piroth5, P. Morand6, D. Salmon-Céron7, G. Pialoux8, C. Azzag-Benredjem9, P. Bedossa10, C. Perronne11, F. Bani-Sadr9, the ANRS CO7 cohort study team Extensive fibrosis or cirrhosis are associated with ELD events which disappear in HIV/HCV co-infected treated patients with sustained virological response. |
| TuAb0302 | HEPATITIS B AND C VIRUS COINFECTION AMONG PATIENTS WITH HIV IN TREAT ASIA HIV OBSERVATIONAL DATABASE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0302 J. Zhou1, G. Dore1, Y.-M.A. Chen2, M. Law1, on behalf of TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database Hepatitis testing data are available on about half of the TAHOD patients, with both prevalence of HBV and HCV around 10%. No significant differences in terms of immunological and virological response to antiretroviral treatment combination were seen between patients with or without hepatitis. Overall survival was also similar in co-infected patients. |
| TuAb0303 | PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS OF THE CERVIX IN HIV-INFECTED WOMEN IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0303 G. Parham1, V. Sahasrabuddhe2, S. Vermund2, B. Shepherd2, E. Stringer1, M. Mwanahamuntu3 The high prevalence of abnormal squamous cytology in our study is one of the highest reported in any population worldwide. It is essential to develop, implement, and evaluate cost-effective screening tests and appropriate treatment protocols for HIV-infected women in resource limited settings who, on antiretroviral therapy, may live long enough to develop HPV-induced invasive cervical cancer. |
| TuAb0304 | RISK FACTORS TO CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA RECURRENCE AFTER LOOP ELECTROSURGICAL EXCISION PROCEDURE IN HIV-1-INFECTED AND NON-INFECTED WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0304 M.I.M. Lima1, V.H. Melo2, C.P. Tafuri3, A.C.L. Araujo3, L.M. Lima4, H.C. Oliveira4, I.M. Faria2, C.M. Corręa2, F.M. Faria2, T.T. Souza2, C.T.C. Lodi5, N.C.P. Teixeira5, M.D.C. Guimaraes2, Research Group Women and HIV Main risk factors associated to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia recurrence after loop electrosurgical excision procedure were HIV-1-infection, glandular involvement and compromised margins in cone biopsy. |
| TuAb0305 | DRAMATIC INCREASE IN THE INCIDENCE OF ANAL CANCER DESPITE HAART IN THE FRENCH HOSPITAL DATABASE OF HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAb0305 C. Piketty1, H. Selinger-Leneman2, S. Grabar3, C. Duvivier4, M. Bonmarchand4, L. Abramowitz5, D. Costagliola2, M. Mary-Krause2 Incidence of anal cancer among HIV-infected patients has increased since 1999. Although some ascertainment bias cannot be excluded, the data indicate that HAART exhibited no favorable effect on the incidence of anal cancer and support the urgent need for developing anal cancer screening programs for HIV-infected individuals, whether untreated or under HAART. |
| Track C | |
| TuAc01 | Taking the Next Steps: Innovations in and Scale Up of Counselling and Testing Approaches |
| TuAc0101 | DISTRICT-WIDE, DOOR-TO-DOOR, HOME-BASED HIV VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING AND TESTING IN RURAL UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0101 F. Nuwaha1, E. Muganzi2, S. Kasasa3, M. Achom4, R. Bunnel4, D. Kabatesi4, J. Mermin4, E. Tumwesigye2 In less than a year, the proportion ever having received an HIV test increased rapidly from <10% to 84% in the population covered, demonstrating that home-based counselling and testing is feasible in this setting, has high uptake and supports linkage to care. |
| TuAc0102 | VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING: FINDINGS FROM CAMBODIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0102 C. Ly1, P. Keo1, V. Khim1, H. Kheng2, K. O'Connell1, N. Likhite2 Demand for VCT is high and Cambodians appear informed about its benefits. However, few have actually been tested for HIV, particularly in rural areas. Providers must deliver counseling to all clients regardless of serostatus. They must also prevent a false sense of security among patients who test negative and encourage them to practice safe sexual behavior. |
| TuAc0103 | THE RAPID EXPANSION OF HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING IN BOTSWANA THROUGH A STRATEGIC MIX OF SERVICE DELIVERY MODELS – LESSONS LEARNED 2000 TO 2004 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0103 M.G. Alwano1, D. Fleming2, T.H. Roels2, M. Kejelepula3, T. Tomeletso3, R. Molosiwa4, P.H. Kilmarx2 In high-prevalence settings such as Botswana, client-initiated HIV CT models (Tebelopele) may be implemented side by side with provider-initiated models such as the "opt-out, non-compulsory" HIV testing. |
| TuAc0104 | COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES OF VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING (VCT) IN TANZANIA: UPTAKE, QUALITY, AND COSTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0104 M. Péchevis1, P. Urassa2, K. Lema3, G. Mbekem3, M.-L. Kürzinger1, A. Reeler1, J.F. Richardson4, R. Swai2, J.G. Kahn5, E. Lugada6 Integrated VCT can contribute effectively to detection of HIV cases because patients attending health facilities have a higher chance of being HIV-infected. In addition, the linkage to care and ARVs is strengthened. |
| TuAc0105 | FALSE POSITIVE ORAL FLUID RAPID HIV TESTS IN SAN FRANCISCO PROMPT NEW TESTING PROTOCOL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0105 T. Dowling, S. Facente Given the lower-than-expected specificity of the OraQuick rapid HIV test when used with oral fluid, we have changed our testing protocol. |
| TuAc02 | Male Circumcision: Is it Time to Act? |
| TuAc0201 | A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF MALE CIRCUMCISION TO REDUCE HIV INCIDENCE IN KISUMU, KENYA: PROGRESS TO DATE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0201 R.C. Bailey1, S. Moses2, K. Agot3, C.B. Parker4, I. Maclean5, J.O. Ndinya-Achola6 Recruitment was completed September 2005. Final results will be available 24 months thereafter. An interim analysis will be presented to the DSMB in June 2006. The investigators are blinded to study arm, but overall HIV incidence and loss-to-follow-up are consistent with our original assumptions, and rates of cross-over are less than expected. |
| TuAc0202 | MALE CIRCUMCISION AND HIV INFECTION RISK AMONG TEA PLANTATION RESIDENTS IN KERICHO, KENYA: INCIDENCE RESULTS AFTER 1.5 YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0202 W.B. Sateren1, C.T. Bautista1, D.N. Shaffer2, G. Foglia3, M. Wassuna4, S. Kiplangat2, F. Sawe2, D.E. Singer1, M. Robb1, N. Michael1, D.L. Birx5 Circumcision plays an important role in a reduced risk of HIV infection among men. |
| TuAc0203 | THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF EXPANDED MALE CIRCUMCISION PROGRAMS IN AFRICA: PREDICTING THE POPULATION-LEVEL IMPACT ON HETEROSEXUAL HIV TRANSMISSION IN SOWETO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0203 K. Mesesan1, D.K. Owens2, A.D. Paltiel1 For South Africa and countries with similar epidemic profiles, even modest programs offering male circumcision would confer enormous benefits in terms of HIV infections averted. Because increases in sexual risk behaviors could diminish these benefits, programs should continue emphasizing risk-reduction counseling. |
| TuAc0204 | COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF MALE CIRCUMCISION IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0204 J.G. Kahn1, E. Marseille2, B. Auvert3 In settings in sub-Saharan Africa with high or moderate HIV prevalence among the general population, adult male circumcision appears very cost-effective and, when adjusted for averted HIV medical costs, cost-saving. |
| TuAc0205 | MALE CIRCUMCISION IN SIAYA AND BONDO DISTRICTS, KENYA: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY TO ASSESS BEHAVIOURAL DISINHIBITION FOLLOWING CIRCUMCISION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0205 K. Agot1, J. Kiarie2, H. Nguyen3, J. Odhiambo1, T. Onyango4, N. Weiss3 During the first year post-circumcision, men did not engage in risky sexual behaviors to a greater degree than did uncircumcised men. These results suggest that, within the context of adequate counseling on risk reduction, any protective effect of male circumcision on HIV acquisition is not likely to be appreciably offset by an adverse behavioral impact. |
| TuAc03 | Getting to the Point: New Challenges and Solutions for IDU's |
| TuAc0301 | CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG INJECTION DRUG USERS IN CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0301 D. Paquette1, Y. Choudhri1, M. Hennink2, P. Millson3, C. Morissette4, M. Fyfe5, S. Snelling6, J. Wylie7, C. Archibald1, the I-Track Study Team Young IDU are an important group for HIV prevention activities, given their high rates of risky behaviours. Their lower prevalence of HIV infection, which likely reflects fewer years of potential exposure to HIV, indicates that there is an opportunity to avoid later infections by targeting interventions to young IDU. |
| TuAc0302 | HIGH RISK SEXUAL AND DRUG USING BEHAVIORS AMONG MALE INJECTION DRUG USERS WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN TWO MEXICO - U. S. BORDER CITIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0302 R. Deiss1, K. Brouwer1, O. Loza1, R. Ramos2, R. Lozada3, M. Firestone1, T. Patterson4, C. Magis-Rodriguez5, S. Strathdee1 In these Mexican-U.S. border cities, the proportion of male IDUs who reported MSM was high, and these men engaged in behaviors placing them at high risk of acquiring HIV and STDs. Culturally-appropriate interventions targeting MSM/ IDUs in this setting are warranted. |
| TuAc0303 | THE RESULTS FROM THE THREE-YEAR EVALUATION OF VANCOUVER'S SUPERVISED INJECTION FACILITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0303 Kerr T., Tyndall M., Small W., Lai C., Li K., Montaner J., Wood E. The Vancouver SIF has been well accepted by the target population, and positive impacts have been observed, including reductions in HIV risk behaviour and increased uptake of addiction programs. Overall findings suggest that the SIF has been a successful public health intervention for reducing HIV risk and other harms of injection drug use. |
| TuAc0304 | PREVALENCE OF HIV, VIRAL HEPATITIS, SYPHILIS AND RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS IN KABUL, AFGHANISTAN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0304 C.S. Todd1, A. Abed2, S.A. Strathdee1, B.A. Botros3, N. Safi4, K.C. Earhart3 These preliminary data confirm that HIV is present in Afghanistan. Conditions exist for rapid spread of HIV, other blood-borne infections and sexually-transmitted infections among IDUs and the general population indicating the urgent need to fund and scale-up appropriate interventions in the clinical settings, detention centers, and other facilities serving IDUs. |
| TuAc0305 | DEMONSTRATED EFFICACY OF A PEER-MENTORING INTERVENTION TO REDUCE HIGH RISK INJECTION BEHAVIORS AMONG YOUNG HCVINFECTED IDUS: THE STUDY TO REDUCE INTRAVENOUS EXPOSURES (STRIVE) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0305 S. Strathdee1, H. Hagan2, E. Golub3, F. Kapadia4, J. Campbell5, R. Garfein1, D. Thomas6, S. Bonner4, T. King Thiel7, M. Latka4, STRIVE Project Our peer mentoring intervention was significantly associated with reductions in HIV/HCV transmission-associated injection behaviors among IDUs in three U.S. cities. Most risk reductions were maintained after six months and behavior changes appeared to be mediated through increases in self-efficacy. This intervention has significant promise in reducing the spread of HCV and HIV among young IDUs who continue to practice high-risk injection behaviors. |
| TuAc04 | Tracking the Epidemic: Modelling and Methodological Issues |
| TuAc0401 | FOUR CITIES MODELLING: #2 THE DYNAMIC IMPACT OF MALE CIRCUMCISION AND CURABLE STIS ON THE HETEROGENEITY OF HIV EPIDEMICS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA - SIMULATION RESULTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0401 K.K. Orroth1, R.G. White2, E.E. Freeman3, R. Bakker4, J.D.F. Habbema4, A. Buve5, M.C. Boily6, J.R. Glynn1, R.J. Hayes1 Lack of male circumcision in East Africa may help explain the development of heterogeneous HIV epidemics in SSA. Model simulations suggest this may be due to higher historical chancroid prevalence in uncircumcised populations, although caution is required given the lack of empirical data on chancroid. |
| TuAc0402 | MODELING THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF RAPID POINT-OF-CARE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR THE CONTROL OF HIV AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONGST FEMALE SEX WORKERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0402 P. Vickerman1, C. Watts1, R. Peeling2, D. Mabey1, M. Alary3 POC tests can be a cost-effective strategy for substantially increasing the impact on HIV transmission, and decreasing the over-treatment of STI treatment interventions that use syndromic management to diagnose Ng/Ct. |
| TuAc0403 | A GEOGRAPHIC APPROACH TO MAPPING HIGH RISK LOCATIONS FOR SCALING UP OF HIV PREVENTION PROGRAM IN KARNATAKA, A SOUTHERN INDIAN STATE: METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0403 B.M. Ramesh1, N. Shiv Kumar2, J.F. Blanchard3 This mapping methodology is simple, rapid, scalable and accurate and should be assessed in other settings. Additional approaches are needed for mapping MSMs and IDUs. |
| TuAc0404 | SIZE ESTIMATION OF MSM AND METHODOLOGY STUDY IN KUNMING, YUNNAN PROVINCE, CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0404 Y. Zhang1, Y. Deng2 The combination of capture-recapture method and enumeration method can accurately estimate the size of MSM frequently visiting public places. The combination of online survey and field survey, with complementary divisor method and multiplier method, can produce highly reliable estimates. The application of various methodologies is logic and systematic. |
| TuAc0405 | USING MULTIPLIER METHODS TO ESTIMATE THE SIZE OF FEMALE SEX WORKER POPULATION BASED ON THE HIV/AIDS BEHAVIOURAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM IN TWO CHINESE CITIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0405 D. Zhang1, L. Wang2, F. Lv3, P. Bi4 This method is straightforward and cost-effective especially suitable to countries where HIV behavioural surveillance has been established in HIV/AIDS risk populations. Combing with HIV/AIDS behavioural surveillance system, this method could be used to generate the estimation in a broader area and indicate secular change in the FSW population size overtime. |
| TuAc05 | Dealing with Double Trouble: Advances in STI and HIV Prevention |
| TuAc0501 | HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2 (HSV-2) SUPPRESSIVE THERAPY TO REDUCE GENITAL AND PLASMA HIV-1 RNA: OVERVIEW OF ANRS 1285 TRIALS, POTENTIAL MECHANISMS AND FUTURE INTERVENTIONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0501 P. Mayaud1, A. Ouedraogo2, N. Nagot1, I. Konate2, L. Vergne2, H. Weiss1, A. Sanon2, P. Van de Perre3, ANRS1285 Study Group The ANRS1285 trials are the first to demonstrate impact of HSV on HIV transmissibility in vivo. If confirmed by ongoing intervention trials, these findings support an important role of HSV-2 control in HIV prevention. Additionally, our data provide rationale for interventions evaluating the impact of (val)acyclovir on HIV immunological and virological correlates. |
| TuAc0502 | THE IMPACT OF A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF AN STI/BEHAVIORAL PREVENTION INTERVENTION ON HIV AND STI INCIDENCE AMONG HIGH RISK MEN IN MUMBAI, INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0502 C. Lindan1, M. Ekstrand2, M. Mathur3, M. McGuire4, A. Hernandez5, S. Gregorich6, J. Moncada7, J. Klausner8, L. Borges9, H. Jerajani10 Both arms showed a significant reduction in STIs and low HIV incidence, accompanied by changes in sexual risk. These results support the use of etiologically based STI treatment and individualized counseling to reduce new infections. These basic services should be incorporated into existing clinics and programs in India. The addition of a behavioral intervention did not further improve biological outcomes. |
| TuAc0503 | TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR HIV ACQUISITION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0503 B. van der Pol1, C. Kwok2, A. Rinaldi3, R. Salata4, F. Mmiro5, R. Mugerwa5, T. Chipato6, C. Morrison3 TV is strongly associated with increased risk for HIV infection in this population of African women. Few longitudinal studies have examined the effect of TV infection on HIV acquisition using PCR rather than wet mount. In this study, sensitivity of wet mount was only 44%, resulting in many untreated infections. Given the high prevalence of TV in HIV-endemic areas, TV treatment may have a substantial impact on preventing HIV acquisition among women. |
| TuAc0504 | ANAL SEXUALLY TRANSMISSIBLE INFECTIONS AS RISK FACTORS FOR HIV SEROCONVERSION: DATA FROM THE HIM COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0504 F. Jin1, G. Prestage1, L. Mao2, S. Kippax2, C. Pell3, B. Donovan1, D. Templeton1, P. Cunningham4, J. Kaldor1, A. Grulich1 HIV incidence in homosexual men in Sydney is about 1%. In addition to receptive UAI with HIV status unknown or HIV positive partners, certain anal STIs were independently associated with HIV seroconversion. Asymptomatic anal STIs may be important cofactors in HIV transmission. These findings suggest that frequent sexual health screening and prompt treatment of anal STIs may be an important means of HIV prevention in homosexual men. |
| TuAc0505 | IS THE OCCURRENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS RELATED TO SEROCONVERSION AMONG HIV DISCORDANT COUPLES? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAc0505 J. Rufagari M.1, B. Bekan Homawoo1, S. Marion-Landais1, S. Allen2, Rwanda-Zambia HIV Research Group Early diagnosis and treatment of STI can significantly reduce HIV transmission among discordant couples. When clinically indicated, treatment can serve as an effective tool for HIV prevention in addition to condom use and behavioral interventions. With proper education and counseling, discordant couples may be more inclined to report STI symptoms to their doctors or local health centers, thereby decreasing their risk of HIV transmission. In addition, policymakers should prioritize STI management on the public health agenda in order to make a substantial impact on HIV incidence in their communities. |
| Track D | |
| TuAd01 | Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of People living with HIV |
| TuAd0101 | ASSESSING THE FERTILITY INTENTIONS AND BEHAVIORS OF HIV POSITIVE MEN UTILIZING AN URBAN CLINIC IN BROOKLYN, NEW YORK Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0101 A. Weinberg This study showed that men want to and expect to discuss sex and HIV prevention with their clinician. Clinicians should be assessing fertility intentions and family planning expectations of all their patients. |
| TuAd0102 | SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOUR IN REGULAR PARTNER RELATIONSHIPS IS STILL A CONCERN AMONG PLHA RECEIVING HAART: EXPERIENCES FROM MOMBASA, KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0102 A. Sarna1, S. Luchters2, S. Geibel3, S. Kaai3, P. Munyao2, K. Shikely4, K. Mandaliya4, J. van Dam5, M. Temmerman2 This study does not show that sexual risk behaviour increases with HAART. Despite low overall risk behaviour, considerable risk of HIV-transmission still remains, especially in relationships with regular partners, due to a lack of knowledge of partner's sero-status, low disclosure rates coupled with inconsistent condom use. Integrated ART and prevention programs are needed. |
| TuAd0103 | SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN FRANCE – RESULTS OF A LARGE REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF OUTPATIENTS ATTENDING FRENCH HOSPITALS (ANRS-EN12-VESPA) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0103 A.-D. Bouhnik1, M. Préau1, M.-A. Schiltz2, Y. Obadia1, B. Spire1, VESPA study group HIV and treatment experience are associated with sexual dysfunction. Psychological support focused on HIV experience should be tested as a tool to improve sexual quality of life. |
| TuAd0104 | PERCEPTIONS OF HIV POSITIVE SWAZI WOMEN ON CHILDBEARING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0104 N.A. Sukati, P. Shabangu Knowledge about one's HIV status had limited influence on decision-making about childbearing, cultural expectations override. Status disclosure is difficult for women for fear of violence, abandonment and financial insecurity. Nurses need sufficient training to develop sensitivity toward HIV positive women's reproductive needs. |
| TuAd0105 | REPRODUCTIVE DESIRES OF MEN AND WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV IN BRAZIL: A CHALLENGE FOR HEALTH CARE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0105 V. Paiva1, N. Santos2, I. França Jr3, V.-F. Elvira2, J.R. Ayres4, A. Segurado5 In contrast with previous studies in developed countries, this study demonstrated significant differences between men and women. Desire may be stronger among men, but usually parenthood is integrated as a female issue in most health services. Access to moral free objective information about reproductive options and rights, and male involvement in reproductive health care are important challenges for the organisation of services. |
| TuAd02 | Achieving access to prevention, care and treatment |
| TuAd0201 | COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF INITIATING AND MONITORING HAART BASED ON WHO VERSUS US DHHS GUIDELINES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0201 A. Vijayaraghavan1, M. Efrusy1, P. Mazonson1, O. Ebrahim2, I. Sanne3, C. Santas1, G. Sanders4 Including the effects on decreased transmission, treating HIV patients in some developing world countries according to US versus WHO guidelines is highly cost effective, at 79% of South African per capita GDP. Adding indirect costs (without transmission) makes implementing US DHHS guidelines even more cost-effective at 27% of South African GDP. Over a five-year period, treating all HIV patients in South Africa according to US DHHS versus WHO guidelines would increase direct medical costs by US$14.5 billion but would result in approximately 400,000 fewer deaths and 1.1 million fewer new AIDS cases. |
| TuAd0202 | PHARMACEUTICAL PATENTS AND ACCESS TO HIV/AIDS TREATMENTS: THE BRAZILIAN EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0202 C.M. Meiners1, J. Chauveau2, S. Luchini3, J.-P. Moatti2, ANRS/ETAPSUD Generic competition generated by local ARV production has been a key determinant of ARV price decrease. Nevertheless, ARV drugs still account for almost half of the total cost of the whole Brazilian AIDS programme. Issues regarding intellectual property rights remain crucial to allow long term sustainability of price reduction and access to most recent therapeutic advances in Brazil. |
| TuAd0203 | THE IMPACT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES OF HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR FAMILIES: EVIDENCE FROM RURAL WESTERN KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0203 H. Thirumurthy1, J. Graff Zivin2, M.P. Goldstein3 ART resulted in a rapid increase in employment for patients and reduced the need to work among boys living with patients. The reduction in child labor due to ART could also result in improved nutritional and schooling outcomes for children. The results demonstrate that ART provides significant non-health benefits for individuals and households in resource-poor settings. |
| TuAd0204 | NEGOTIATING ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG PRICES TO INCREASE ACCESS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0204 E.C. Seoane Vazquez1, R. Rodriguez-Monguio2 Successful development and implementation of multinational price negotiations require that participant countries coordinate regulations and policies related to drug registration, quality and bioequivalence, international trade, intellectual property, and procurement. At the national level, more efficient use of resources could be achieved upon coordination of each country's various health care programs; improvement of the countries' epidemiological and information systems; and strengthening of the procurement and distribution systems. |
| TuAd0205 | FUNDING HIV PREVENTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: EQUITY VS. EFFICIENCY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAd0205 A. Lasry1, G.S. Zaric2, M.W. Carter3 HIV resource allocation approaches strongly influence epidemic outcomes and serious consideration should be given to optimizing the lower levels of decision-making. The importance of the HIV allocation approaches increases when resources are more constrained. Decision-makers should not focus solely on higher level allocations; this can yield ineffective use of scarce resources. |
| Track E | |
| TuAe01 | Prickly Issues: Drug Use Policies and Practices |
| TuAe0101 | NOTHING ABOUT US WITHOUT US: GREATER, MEANINGFUL INVOLVEMENT OF DRUG USERS IN THE RESPONSE TO HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0101 R. Jürgens1, R. Elliott2, J. Csete2, D. Palmer3, A. Livingston4, G. Liang4, T. Kerr5 It is time to move from commitment to greater involvement in principle to ensuring involvement in practice. The project makes a series of concrete recommendations aimed at ensuring greater, meaningful, and sustained involvement, including: explicit recognition by governments of the value of such involvement; funding for drug user organizations; and creating the conditions under which users can effectively participate in consultative processes, decision-making or policy-making bodies and advisory structures. |
| TuAe0102 | HIV PREVENTION FOR IDUS IN CHINA AND VIETNAM: THE PROBLEM OF INCONSISTENT POLICIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0102 T.M. Hammett1, D.C. Des Jarlais2 Multisectoral training and policy analysis are needed to harmonize law and policy and forge a truly enabling environment in which HIV prevention interventions for IDUs can achieve their best effects. |
| TuAe0103 | ADDRESSING HIV/AIDS AMONG IDUS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0103 L. Khondkar Better inter-sectoral collaboration needs to be promoted between the drug control and HIV/AIDS agencies. It is crucial to change laws and policies that prevent IDUs from accessing services. Stigma and discrimination that drive them underground and undermine prevention efforts must be eliminated. Government should ensure their meaningful participation in developing national AIDS plans and implementing HIV prevention and treatment programs. Public health rationale based on scientific evidence must prevail against moralistic arguments and judgmental attitudes. Instead of victimization, criminalization, and marginalization protecting human rights of IDUs should be central while addressing HIV/AIDS among them. |
| TuAe0104 | INTERGRATING HARM REDUCTION AND LEGAL AID SERVICES FOR MARGINALIZED GROUPS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0104 A. Tolopilo In order to scale up access to legal aid for marginalized groups following elements are necessary: developing regular communication and networking between legal aid projects; continuous training program for young lawyers and law students, including internship in the model outreach based projects; case litigation and case follow up with effective media work; preparing community experts from IDUs/PLWHA. |
| TuAe0105 | BARRIERS TO ACCESS TO NEEDLE AND SYRINGE PROGRAMS IN CANADA: LEGAL, POLICY, AND HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0105 A. Klein, J. Csete, R. Pearshouse, R. Elliott Laws criminalizing possession of injection equipment should be repealed. Funding choices should reflect the proven cost-effectiveness of NSPs, rather than ideological views about drug use. Police should be trained to ensure that criminal law enforcement operates in harmony with the public health goals of NSPs. Communities should be educated so that they may view NSPs as health services and should be disabused of any misconceptions about the effects of NSPs on neighbourhoods. |
| TuAe02 | Asserting Children's Rights in the Era of HIV |
| TuAe0201 | VIDEO, MEMORY AND PARTICIPATION: WHAT WE CAN LEARN FROM AIDS OVCS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0201 E. Gottesman Eric Gottesman will present recent videos produced by Sudden Flower Productions and will talk about the issues that come up when using participatory documentary techniques with children affected by AIDS in Ethiopia. This limitedscope project suggests that to incorporating children affected by HIV/AIDS into program design may improve the effectiveness of the programming of aid agencies, and will contribute to a fuller understanding of the issues on the part of policymakers and public advocates. |
| TuAe0202 | HUMAN RIGHTS IMPLICATIONS OF AIDS-AFFECTED CHILDREN'S UNEQUAL ACCESS TO EDUCATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0202 J. Cohen1, H. Epstein2, J. Amon3 Governments should address AIDS-affected children's access to education as an issue of systemic discrimination, analogous to disparate education rates between boys and girls. Unlike direct or intentional discrimination, systemic discrimination stems from underlying factors such as the erosion of extended-family safety nets due to HIV/AIDS. Recommended actions thus include strengthening the capacity of community-based organizations to care for AIDS-affected children and developing national foster care policies. |
| TuAe0203 | DEVELOPING ADVOCACY LEADERS AMONG CHILDREN ORPHANED BY HIV AND AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0203 J. Sundersingh1, M.J. Paul2 Recognize Advocacy through children forum and replicated in HIV highprevalent districts. Involve empowered affected children in designing children programs and policies. |
| TuAe0204 | THE CHALLENGES FACED BY THE CARE TAKERS IN IMPLEMENTING THE RIGHT TO HEALTH FOR THE CHILDREN RECEIVING ANTIRETORVIRAL THERAPY: A CASE OF THE JOINT CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTRE, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0204 G. Barungi1, N. Kakande2 Caretakers of children on ARVs have economic and psychosocial problems, which affect the quality of care the children receive. Provision of ARVs should go along with other components of the Right to Health. Advocacy is required yet still limited. The Human Rights Law on children health rights requires more reinforcement and enforcement. |
| TuAe0205 | TRAINING HEALTH PRACTITIONERS IN HUMAN RIGHTS, ETHICS AND LAW IN THE CONTEXT OF PEDIATRIC HIV/AIDS CARE IN BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0205 P. Navario1, K. Kenyon2, E. Maxwell3 Botswana law relating to children needs to be clarified. The definition of a child needs to be made consistent through domestic law. Clear procedures are required regarding consent for orphans and for children with informal guardians. Guidelines are needed on the available options for medical practitioners where parents/guardians refuse essential medical care. Ongoing collaboration should be undertaken between civil society and health care practitioners in order to facilitate shared learning and initiate lobbying for legal change. |
| TuAe03 | Ethical Issues in Clinical Trials: Tenofovir and Beyond |
| TuAe0301 | MAKING THE ETHICAL FEASIBLE: ASSURING FUTURE ACCESS TO CARE TO THOSE WHO SERO-CONVERT IN MICROBICIDE TRIALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0301 A. Forbes Public concern about HIV prevention trial ethics reached a flashpoint when clinical trials to test the potential efficacy of tenofovir as a pre-exposure prophylaxis were halted by intense controversy. One contested issue was the future provision of antiretroviral treatment to those who sero-convert during a trial – generally known as "access to care". Existing social and political realities now make access to care essential to a trial's ability to go forward but assuring it in resource poor settings is complex. Care providers, even major international development agencies, may come and go. Trial sponsors also come and go. But providing treatment is not a transitory commitment. |
| TuAe0302 | REVISITING THE ETHICS OF HIV PREVENTION RESEARCH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0302 C. Weijer1, G. LeBlanc2 Moral negotiation, rather than moral obligation, reduces the chance of polarization of positions by inviting trial participants, sponsors, researchers and all other involved parties to the table for discussion. Moral negotiation favors middle ground solutions that fit the specific health needs and priorities of the community in question. |
| TuAe0303 | OVERCOMING THE CHALLENGES OF PREVENTION RESEARCH: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE TENOFOVIR PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS TRIALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0303 Y. Halima Mutual learning from these studies will inform existing PREP research and future prevention trials. IAS is working with other agencies to develop consensus guidance for HIV prevention research in resource-constrained countries. |
| TuAe0304 | BEYOND THE CHECKLIST: ASSESSING UNDERSTANDING OF PARTICIPATION IN HIV VACCINE TRIALS IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0304 G. Lindegger1, X. Xaba1, C. Milford1, C. Slack1, M. Quayle1, E. Vardas2 Levels of understanding are a function of the assessment method used. Scores derived from self-report and forcedchoice checklists consistently yielded highest estimates of understanding compared to the narrative and vignettes. This suggests that closed-ended measures may over-estimate understanding of trial components. We suggest that closed-ended measures, like checklists, should be complemented with open-ended measures of understanding in order to obtain more reliable levels of understanding. Efforts should be undertaken to commit the necessary time and training to effect this. |
| TuAe0305 | INFLUENCING LEGISLATIVE PROCESSES AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT IN ORDER TO IMPROVE RESEARCH ETHICS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAe0305 H. Fischer, P. Fabrice Levels of understanding are a function of the assessment method used. Scores derived from self-report and forcedchoice checklists consistently yielded highest estimates of understanding compared to the narrative and vignettes. This suggests that closed-ended measures may over-estimate understanding of trial components. We suggest that closed-ended measures, like checklists, should be complemented with open-ended measures of understanding in order to obtain more reliable levels of understanding. Efforts should be undertaken to commit the necessary time and training to effect this. |
| Cross Track | |
| TuAx01 | Sex, Drugs and ARVs Behind Prison Bars |
| TuAx0101 | INSIDE VOICES SPEAK OUT-PRISONERS SHARE STORIES OF LIVING WITH HIV AND HCV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0101 C. McCollum1, T. Howard2 To improve access to harm reduction materials and health care for HIV/HCV positive prisoners as provided by CSC directives and regulations. Ensure accountability of provision of harm reduction tools to prisoners on living units (ie. put "directives" into practice). |
| TuAx0102 | CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR SCALING UP HIV/AIDS CARE IN PRISONS: A CASE STUDY FROM ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0102 O. Simooya, N. Sanjobo HIV/AIDS counselling, testing and care facilities are feasible, desirable and urgently needed in prisons. |
| TuAx0103 | FROM EVIDENCE TO COMMITMENT TO ACTION: IMPLEMENTING HIV PREVENTION MEASURES IN PRISONS IN UKRAINE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0103 R. Jürgens1, N. Kozhan2, V. Klisha2, S. Ivantchenko3, V. Serdiuk4, M. MacDonald5 Effective partnerships can be created between prison systems and NGOs in Eastern Europe and NGOs in Western countries. A series of well-planned steps, including research, study tours, and trainings, can create the conditions for implementation of measures such as needle exchange programs in prisons. Monitoring and evaluation of these programs are important for efforts to scale up such programs not only in Ukraine, but also in other countries. |
| TuAx0104 | INJECTING REASON: PRISON SYRINGE EXCHANGE AND THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0104 R. Lines European Human Rights Law can be used by HIV/AIDS and prisoners' rights advocates in Council of Europe countries as a tool to challenge governments to implement prison syringe exchange programmes. |
| TuAx0105 | INDONESIA INTRODUCES THE FIRST PRISON METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT (PMMT) IN ASIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0105 I. Atmosukarto1, I. Winarso1, A.A.G. Hartawan2, P.A. Primatanti2 It is feasible to provide methadone maintenance treatment to prisoners in Indonesia. Recently, PMMT has expanded to allow prisoners commence treatment in prison. There is justification to expand PMMT in Indonesia and to introduce PMMT in developing countries where large numbers of injectors are imprisoned and community methadone programs exist. |
| TuAx02 | Non-Injecting Drug Use Risks: Facts and Fury! |
| TuAx0201 | EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL AND CRACK/COCAINE USE ON VIROLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL DISEASE PROGRESSION IN A COHORT OF U.S. WOMEN WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0201 J. Cook1, J. Burke-Miller1, D. Grey1, M. Cohen2, R. Cook3, D. Vlahav4, F. Kapadia4, T. Wilson5, R. Schwartz5, E. Golub6, K. Anastos7, C. Ponath8, L. Goparaju9, J. Richardson10 Women with HIV/AIDS, at-risk alcohol, and any crack/cocaine use are at considerable risk of rapid virological and immunological disease progression. These effects are independent of HAART use and adherence, although HAART use and adherence are related to better HIV-RNA outcomes. At risk alcohol and crack use may affect disease progression via HAART use and adherence, health behaviors such as nutrition, psychological influences such as depression or anxiety, or through direct biological effects. |
| TuAx0202 | POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS (PTSD), DEPRESSION, ALCOHOL USE AND HIV/AIDS RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG ANGOLAN SOLDIERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0202 E. Bing1, K. Cheng1, D. Ortiz1, R. Ovalle-Bahamon1, F. Ernesto2, F. Joao de Deus2 Soldiers experiencing PTSD, depression and/or alcohol-related problems may engage in sexual behaviors that increase their risk for HIV/AIDS infection. Interventions to decrease HIV/AIDS risk among soldiers should address emotional problems common among soldiers as well as behavioral factors that increase risk. |
| TuAx0203 | CRYSTAL METHAMPHETAMINE USE AND PARTICIPATION IN UNSAFE SEX AMONG POLY-DRUG USING MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0203 S.L. Bullock1, T. Myers2, L. Calzavara2, D. Allman3, M. Millson2, B. Fischer4 Preliminary results support the association between Meth use and participation in unsafe sex, although no causal association can be assessed. The relative importance of Meth and other sex drugs such as poppers, Viagra, crack and ecstasy are explored. Implications of non-dependent Meth use and the context of its use in the will be discussed. |
| TuAx0204 | METHAMPHETAMINE AND AMPHETAMINE USE AND SEXUAL RISK AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN: FINDINGS FROM THE CDC NATIONAL HIV BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0204 A. Drake, G. Mansergh, P. Sullivan The use of meth/amphetamines and its association with sexual risk taking among MSM poses a challenge for HIV prevention efforts in the United States. The increased risk of HIV transmission-related behaviors among meth/amphetamine users suggest the need for comprehensive risk reduction efforts that integrate drug treatment and HIV prevention. |
| TuAx0205 | RISK OF TRANSITION FROM NON-INJECTION TO INJECTION DRUG USE AMONG HEROIN AND CRACK USERS IN NEW YORK CITY, 2000 – 2004 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuAx0205 C.M. Fuller1, D. Ompad2, Y. Wu2, E. Benjamin2, S. Galea3, D. Vlahov2 These data suggest that both sexual and peer drug-use networks could inform social network-based prevention strategies. Juvenile detention venues would also be practical venues for prevention programs. This is the first study to identify sexual minorities at increased risk for injection drug use and warrants further investigation. Finally, these data reflect context of minority inner city disadvantaged neighborhoods where issues of race/ethnicity also merit additional investigation. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| Track A | |
| TUPDA | Innate Immunity and Dendritic Cells |
| TuPdA01 | GBV-C – ASSOCIATED ACTIVATION OF PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS AND INTERFERON-SYSTEM IN HIV CO-INFECTED PERSONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdA01 Lalle E.1, Martini F.2, Sacchi A.2, Vitale A.2, Antonucci G.3, D'Offizi G.3, Dianzani F.1, Capobianchi M.R.1, Abbate I.1 The present study shows a higher level of activation of the IFN system in GBV-C-positive, as compared to GBV-C-negative patients harbouring HIV-1. In GBV-C-positive patients the increased mRNA levels correlated with the activation of the main IFN-producing cells. These data may be relevant in understanding the GBV-C-driven protection against HIV. |
| TuPdA02 | ROBUST ACTIVATION OF NK CELLS BY SINGLE STRANDED RNA DERIVED FROM HIV-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdA02 G. Alter1, N. Teigen2, T. Suscovich2, A. Meier2, H. Streeck2, M. Altfeld2 Taken together, these data demonstrate that NK cells are significantly activated in the presence of CD14+ monocytes by TLR ligands, including ssRNA derived from HIV-1 LTR. These data suggest that HIV-1 derived TLR ligands contribute to the immune activation of NK cells observed during chronic viremic HIV-1 infection. |
| TuPdA03 | B LYMPHOCYTES EXPRESS DC-SIGN AND TRANSMIT HIV-1 TO T LYMPHOCYTES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdA03 Rappocciolo G.1, Piazza P.1, Fuller C.2, Reinhart T.1, Watkins S.3, Rowe D.1, Jais M.1, Hoji A.1, Gupta P.1, Rinaldo C.1 DC-SIGN is expressed on activated B cells, which leads to infection of T cells in trans. This supports a a new role for B cells in HIV-1 pathogenesis. |
| TuPdA04 | DENDRITIC CELLS IMMUNOPHENOTYPING IN HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdA04 K. Konstantinakou1, K. Psarra2, V. Kapsimali2, O. Georgiou3, V. Papastamopoulos3, A. Skoutelis3, C. Papasteriades2 These results indicate the interaction between HIV-1 and both mDCs and pDCs in HIV+ patients and provide insight into the underlying pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. Further study of DCs function is needed in order to clarify its importance as a marker of HIV+ patients monitoring. |
| TuPdA05 | TLR-4 ACTIVATION RESULTS IN DICHOTOMOUS EFFECTS ON HIV TRANSCRIPTION IN U1 CELLS COMPARED TO PRIMARY HUMAN MACROPHAGES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdA05 Liu X., Mosoian A., Wada T., Zerhouni-Layachi B., Chang T., Klotman M.E. TLR4 activation by LPS led to NF-kB activation in both primary macrophages and a monocyte cell line. However, a type I IFN response induced by LPS through the MyD-88 independent pathway was seen only in macrophages. The dichotomous role of LPS appears to be due to the relative effect of LPS on the MyD88-independent and the MyD88-dependent pathways. Understanding the determinants of this opposite response will shed light on understanding the role of this innate immune response in control of HIV transcription. |
| TuPdA06 | NEW INNATE CORRELATES IN CAUCASIAN HIV-EXPOSED SERONEGATIVE INDIVIDUALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdA06 Misse D.1, Yssel H.2, Trabattoni D.3, Oblet C.1, Lo Caputo S.4, Mazzotta F.4, Gonzalez J.-P.1, Clerici M.5, Veas F.1 Our complementary studies have revealed complementary results defining a new, important and coherent cascade of several proteins involved in the host innate immune response participating to the protection of ESN individuals against HIV infection. Incubation of in vitro generated myeloid dendritic cells with the some of protein results a decreased susceptibility of these cells to in vitro infection with HIV-1 primary isolate. Results and consequences will be discussed. |
| TuPdA07 | ROLE OF TLR 2 AND TLR 4 POLYMORPHISMS IN RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdA07 Marlin C.1, Ball T.B.1, Kimani J.2, Ji H.1, Plummer F.A.1 Altered cytokine responses to innate stimuli observed in HIV-R women suggest important biological differences exist in HIV-R women. These altered responses may suggest a difference in their ability to instruct their adaptive immunity and may have important implications for resistance/susceptibility to HIV-1, as well as other infections. |
| TuPdA08 | IMMUNOMODULATION OF DENDRITIC CELLS FROM HIV-1 INFECTED PERSONS FOR ENHANCED STIMULATION OF ANTI-HIV-1 T CELL IMMUNITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdA08 Huang X.1, Fan Z.1, Kalinski P.2, Rinaldo C.1 CD40L, with or without IFN-γ, and poly I:C+IFN-γ+IFN-α were the most potent immunomodulators of DCs from uninfected and HIV-1 infected subjects. This model of T cell activation by DCs provides a basis for immunotherapy trials of persons with HIV-1 infection. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| Track B | |
| TUPDB | Adherence |
| TuPdB01 | DIRECTLY ADMINISTERED ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (DAART) INTERVENTION TO PROMOTE LONG-TERM ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT IN MOMBASA, KENYA: A 12-MONTH EVALUATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdB01 Luchters S.1, Sarna A.2, Geibel S.3, Munyao P.1, Kaai S.3, Shikely K.4, Mandaliya K.4, Temmerman M.1, van Dam J.5 Overall high levels of adherence were observed in both groups over 48-weeks. Preliminary results show limited sustained effect of the DAART intervention after transition from DAART to standard care at 24-weeks. It is of note that the majority of patients failed to consistently achieved >95% adherence in 12 consecutive months. Strengthening ways to improve adherence remains of utmost importance for large scale ART programs. |
| TuPdB02 | CLARIFYING THE TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBSTANCE ABUSE, PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS, AND ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdB02 French T.1, Tesoriero J.1, Woolston B.2, Agins B.3 Although past research has shown a correlation between SA, PD and adherence, few studies have explored the causal pathways between these factors. This research lends support to a causal relationship between changes in SA and PD and changes in adherence. This represents an important contribution to the field of treatment adherence as we have shown that stabilization of SA and PD can lead to improvements in adherence, thereby increasing the likelihood of therapeutic benefit and improved clinical outcomes. |
| TuPdB03 | AFRICA VERSUS NORTH AMERICA: A META-REGRESSION ANALYSIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdB03 Mills E.1, Nachega J.2, Buchan I.3, Orbinski J.4, Singh S.5, Rachlis B.6, Thabane L.7, Wilson K.4, Bangsberg D.8, Guyatt G.7 Our findings indicate that African patients adhere more than North American patients to antiretroviral therapy. These findings should encourage provision of antiretroviral therapy in Africa and question why policymakers used assumptions to inform policy. |
| TuPdB04 | A 72-MONTH FOLLOW-UP OF ADHERENCE TO HAART IN A COHORT OF SENEGALESE ADULT PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdB04 Etard J.-F.1, Basty Fall M.2, Cilote V.3, Laniéce I.3, Desclaux A.4, Ndoye I.3, Delaporte E.1, ANRS 1290 While adherence decreased slowly with time, this work underlines the good long-term adherence in an African setting, argues in favor of a total gratuity, which is effective since December 2003, and pointed out the importance of the choice of the protease inhibitor regimen to maintain adherence. |
| TuPdB05 | IMMEDIATE VERSUS DELAYED MODIFIED DIRECTLY OBSERVED HAART THERAPY (MDOT): A COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS FROM THE ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSERS (AARTS) STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdB05 Mwamburi M.1, Macalino G.2, Griffith J.2, Mitty J.3, Wilson I.2, Neuman P.2, Wanke C.1, Flanigan T.3, Wong J.2 With delayed MDOT, increased treatment costs associated with more resistance offset reduced intervention costs. Absent reliable criteria to identify non-adherers, immediate MDOT for all appears cost effective. |
| TuPdB06 | ACHIEVING HIGH RATES OF HIV PATIENT ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT WITH ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS: EXPERIENCES FROM RWANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdB06 Ndabamenye P.1, Ngabonziza M.1, Shumbusho F.1, Ayinkamiye A.M.1, Murray D.1, McLellan L.2, Muramutsa F.1, Price J.1 Patient education and clinician support are linchpins to successful ART programs. They should be included as standard practice. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| Track C | |
| TUPDC | Safety in Health Care Settings |
| TuPdC01 | SCALING UP SAFE BLOOD PROGRAMS: - A TOOL TO ESTIMATE CURRENT COVERAGE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdC01 Rao P.1, Sondag D.2 This approach shows huge gaps between current need and supply of safe blood in these countries. Further in-country studies are required to validate and refine estimations that this method has provided. This tool can be used to estimate coverage at national, regional and district level planning of safe blood programs throughout Africa in the absence of reliable data. |
| TuPdC02 | BLOOD SAFETY COMPONENT OF THE WHO PROJECT "HIV/AIDS PREVENTION AND COMBATING" IN RUSSIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdC02 I. Baranov, C. Reinicke It is expected that by the end of 2007, multidisciplinary professional teams of health care workers will be equipped to provide the necessary quality control to reduce the risk of HIV transmission through infected blood products. |
| TuPdC03 | RISK FACTORS FOR PERCUTANEOUS INJURIES IN THE NURSING TEAM OF A SCHOOL HOSPITAL IN BRAZILIAN HOSPITAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdC03 Canini S.R.M.S., Moraes S.A., Gir E., Freitas I.C.M. This study confirmed the link between nursing team professionals' low adherence to standard precautions and the occurrence of percutaneous injuries and also allowed for the identification of other important risk factors. The results obtained in this study may support the elaboration and implementation of more efficient prevention strategies and, consequently, grant greater security to these professionals. |
| TuPdC04 | OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES TO HIV AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TUPDC04 McCarthy G.1, Dreizen C.1, John M.2, Harris K.1, Stitt L.1 These results confirm low rates of occupational exposure to HIV among healthcare workers in Canada. It is likely that the proportions of healthcare workers reporting occupational exposure to HIV in these studies may be under-estimates - because of the reluctance to report occupational exposures to HIV and the frequent uncertainty of the serostatus of the source. However, given the low infectivity of HIV, the efficacy of HAART in reducing HI viral load and the availability of post-exposure prophylaxis, the risk of occupationally-acquired HIV infection is very small. |
| TuPdC05 | INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR HEALTH CARE WORKERS TO UTILIZE UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS IN SOME FACILITIES SERVING A HIGH HIV-PREVALENT POPULATION IN LAGOS, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdC05 S. Ekanem1, F. Fawole2, E. Owoaje3, A. Fajola4 The study demonstrated that the level of institutional support was inadequate and could have affected staff compliance with universal precautions. Constant supply of needed materials for universal precautions and the establishment of simple protocol for post-exposure reporting and management, including staff education on its use are recommended. Furthermore, all categories of the health personnel require regular re-training on univesal precautions. |
| TuPdC06 | TOLERABILITY AND ADHERENCE TO POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS OF HIV INFECTION IN DIFFERENT EXPOSURE GROUPS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdC06 Kowalska J.D., Firlag-Burkacka E., Niezabitowska M., Bakowska E., Gizinska J., Higersberger J., Ignatowska A., Karczewski G., Pulik P., Swiecki P., Horban A. HCWs started PEP earlier, yet frequently didn't follow full PEP schedule. Better access to source-patient testing allowed to shorten PEP treatment in HCWs, which might correlate with less SE in that group comparing to analysis from 2001 – 2002. Source-patient testing is of great help in PEP. |
| TuPdC07 | HIV INFECTIONS MAINLY AMONG REPEAT BLOOD DONORS, WHO REPORT MALE-TO-MALE SEX, IN THE NETHERLANDS 1995 – 2003 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdC07 Van der Bij A.1, Coutinho R.2, Van der Poel C.3, Davidovich U.4 A low level of behavioral risk and a substantial number of preventable HIV infections were found, that persists despite current donor selection. No evidence is provided for relaxing the existing permanent donor deferral for male-to-male sex into a temporary deferral. Even with permanent deferral, male-to male sex is often reported among repeat donors with confirmed HIV infections, which poses a direct treat for the blood safety. |
| TuPdC08 | OBSERVED HIV PREVENTION PRACTICES AFTER AN HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTION FOR HEALTH WORKERS IN MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdC08 Jere D.N.1, Talashek M.2, Kachingwe S.I.1, Mbeba M.M.1, Norr K.F.2, Norr J.L.3 Health workers and their clients can benefit from interventions to improve health workers' HIV-related care practices. Intervention that includes factual information, discussion, values clarification, and skill building practice allows workers to teach patients more comfortably. Improved availability of supplies and equipment in the intervention site may reflect a change in the culture and highlights the importance of including the management team as collaborating partners in developing and implementing the interventions. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| Track D | |
| TUPDD | All Men are Not the Same: Masculinities, Risk and HIV |
| TuPdD01 | FAILING TO TARGET ADEQUATELY RISK BEHAVIOUR OF MALE ADOLESCENTS IN BRAZIL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdD01 Juarez F.1, Castro T.2 Many public health campaigns have overlooked that most adolescents frame their sexual lives in the search for love rather than health, and that many have difficulties to identify their loved ones as potential sources of risk. Prevention campaigns need to counteract the symbolic association between condoms and promiscuity or infidelity. |
| TuPdD02 | GENDER AND HIV/AIDS MEDICINES IN BURKINA FASO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdD02 Bila B.1, Egrot M.2, Desclaux A.3 This comprehensive approach to male values must provide an analysis for men that is more acceptable than the criticism usually expressed about their behavior. This study will make it possible to reformulate orientations in prevention and health education that will highlight the trap inherent in the values associated with masculinity in Burkina Faso's socio-cultural context. |
| TuPdD03 | COMBATING HIV/AIDS BY ACHIEVING "POSITIVE MASCULINITY": CHALLENGING GENDER-BASED ROLES, BEHAVIOUR AND VIOLENCE - THE STRATEGY OF THE MOVEMENT OF MEN AGAINST AIDS IN KENYA (MMAAK) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdD03 Onyango M.1, Mkala Z.2, Purdon S.3 Initiatives targeting men must stress that men and women share responsibility for child rearing, based on emotional support, empathy and non-violence. Health care providers should support family planning programmes that emphasise that reproductive responsibility is shared by men and women. Boys, girls and educators should be trained in conflict resolution, emotional expression and communication. Projects that involve men and boys in exploring moves towards a culture of positive masculinity should be supported. Men and women need support and encouragement to choose non-traditional roles and overcome gender barriers in working life. |
| TuPdD04 | ADDRESSING MASCULINITIES IN PMTCT PROGRAMS IN RURAL TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdD04 Burke M.1, Kippax S.1, Rajabu M.2, Crawford J.1 There is a danger that PMTCT strategies are constructed for a western modern masculinity that is non hegemonic in African rural settings. PMTCT programs need to address the constraints and contexts implied by traditional masculinities of rural village communities. This will impact participation in VCT, disclosure and accessing PMTCT technologies. The role of the male is a key contributor to community acceptance and support of PMTCT programs. Male involvement needs to be seen as a foundational component of PMTCT programs. |
| TuPdD05 | DIFFERENCES IN SEXUAL BEHAVIORS OF MALE COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS (MSWS) AND TRANSGENDERS/TRANSVESTITES (HIJRAS) IN PAKISTAN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdD05 A. Khan1, A. Bokhari1, N. Nizamani2, N. Rehan3, A. Khan1 While both MSWs and Hijras engage in risky sexual practices, only MSWs practice bisexual behaviors that have wider implications for transmission of STIs/HIV to the general population. HIV prevention programs need to tailor different behavior change messages for the two subgroups that engage in MSM activities. |
| TuPdD06 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdD06 Abstract not available. |
| TuPdD07 | DIFFERENCES IN SEXUAL BEHAVIORS OF MALE COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS (MSWS) AND TRANSGENDERS/TRANSVESTITES (HIJRAS) IN PAKISTAN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdD07 A. Khan1, A. Bokhari1, N. Nizamani2, N. Rehan3, A. Khan1 While both MSWs and Hijras engage in risky sexual practices, only MSWs practice bisexual behaviors that have wider implications for transmission of STIs/HIV to the general population. HIV prevention programs need to tailor different behavior change messages for the two subgroups that engage in MSM activities. |
| TuPdD08 | MYTHS RELATED TO MASTURBATION AND SEMEN LOSS LEADING TO HIGH RISK BEHAVIOUR AMONG YOUNG TRUCKERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdD08 Joshi A.1, Chaturvedi P.2, Mendiratta M.2 Myths and misconceptions regarding sex and sexuality have to be eliminated by dissemination of correct information by simple literature and mass media. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| Track E | |
| TUPDE | The Power of Youth |
| TuPdE01 | LESSONS LEARNED OF THE FIRST REGIONAL WORKSHOP FOR YOUNG LEADERS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN ON YOUTH, HIV/AIDS AND HUMAN RIGHTS (LIMA, PERU. FEBRUARY 2005) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdE01 Ugarte Gil C.A.1, Wong Alcazar C.E.2 Youth participation is necessary not only because the problem affects this age group, but because it is demonstrated that their work can help in the fight against this epidemic. Finally, Internet constitutes an easy and low-cost opportunity to establish a strong Youth Network. |
| TuPdE02 | ESTABLISHMENT/FORMATION OF PARTNERSHIPS, NETWORKS AND COLLABORATION IN SUPPORTING CHILDREN/YOUTH HIV/AIDS PROGRAMMES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdE02 Rugaita G. Skilled training with focus on children /youths on HIV/AIDS concerns exchange of best practices and adoption Increased funding towards children and youth focused prevention Establishing of stronger coalitions and networks to provide level bass for capacity building. Consider providing incentives to motivate the volunteers Strengthened linkages between development partners. |
| TuPdE03 | PARENTAL INVESTMENT, CLUB MEMBERSHIP AND AVOIDANCE OF SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG URBAN SOUTH AFRICAN YOUTH Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdE03 Camlin C.S., Snow R.C. Community and family resources mediate HIV risk behaviors among young people in southern Africa. |
| TuPdE04 | REACHING YOUTH FROM VULNERABLE POPULATIONS IN JAMAICA: AN INNOVATIVE PILOT PROGRAMME FOR YOUNG MSM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdE04 Carr R.1, Mcknight I.2 Programming must be youth-friendly and based on youth realities, especially for youth at high risk presenting with high rates of infection. Secondary and primary prevention programmes must be developed with provision of accurate and non-discriminatory information and modes of delivery, but also allow for healthy identity formation. |
| TuPdE05 | YOUTH-FOCUSED HIV PREVENTION: DOING GENDER THE "RIGHTS" WAY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdE05 Castaño F.1, Atkin L.1, Betances B.2 A resource guide and a training course on GE promotion for program planners, funding agencies, and policymakers will help build organizations' capacity to expand HIV prevention programs that will empower women and help men to change harmful behaviors that perpetuate HIV. |
| TuPdE06 | HAATH SE HAATH MILAA: REALITY TV AND CELEBRITY SPREAD HIV/AIDS AWARENESS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPdE06 MacPherson Y. Celebrity has a key role in addressing stigma around HIV/AIDS. Creative new formats can reach new audiences, even in a crowded media market. The first episode of the new series was seen by 12 million viewers. |
| Key Challenges | |
| Poster Discussions | |
| TUKC1 | Accelerating Prevention Research to End the Epidemic |
| TuKc101 | EVALUATION OF MICROBICIDE APPLICATORS TO DETERMINE VAGINAL USE IN THE CARRAGUARD PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc101 Govender S.1, Skoler S.2, Maguire R.2, Guichard L.2, Lahteenmaki P.1, Vilakazi H.3, Mapula F.S.4, Rossier J.5 This is the first biomarker with which to measure gel usage in clinical microbicide trials. It is inexpensive, easy and reliable and can be implemented in any research setting. |
| TuKc102 | SURVEILLANCE OF HIV-1 SUBTYPES INFORMS RISK FOR LOCAL SPREAD OF INFECTION IN HONG KONG Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc102 Lee K.1, Yu W.2, Leung T.3, Hui X.2, Fan X.J.2, Wong K.H.1, Shao Y.M.2, Lim W.3 Information obtained from study of HIV-1 subtypes is unique, timely and critical for appropriate HIV control and prevention interventions. HIV-1 subtyping is now regularized as a standard HIV surveillance mechanism in Hong Kong. |
| TuKc103 | ASSESSMENT OF THE NEED FOR ARVS AND THE USE OF SIMPLIFIED HIV/AIDS CASE DEFINITIONS IN SURVEILLANCE IN RURAL MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc103 Mcgrath N.1, Kranzer K.1, Malema S.2, Kachiwanda L.2, Saul J.3, Jahn A.1, Crampin A.1, Zaba B.3, Glynn J.3 In this setting, with a mature HIV epidemic, one in five HIV positive individuals require treatment. Field staging estimates were similar to those using CD4 count and medical assistants. Acceptance rates were high, and field-based staging can usefully be added to HIV prevalence surveys. |
| TuKc104 | HIV IN EASTERN EUROPE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc104 Nardone A., Alix J., Devaux I., Downs A., Likatavicius G. In eastern Europe increasing emphasis must be given to measures to control the heterosexual transmission of HIV as well as maintaining those prevention activities that target injecting drug users. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| TUKC2 | Time to Deliver: HIV Care and Support in the Workplace |
| TuKc201 | FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOPTION OF WORKPLACE HIV/AIDS POLICIES IN YANGON Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc201 K.A. Aye1, M.M. Aung2, H. Linn Oo1 Above outcomes called upon – 1. workplace interventions tailored to the levels of awareness and commitment of individual businesses. 2. more advocacies to opinion leaders and authorities for creating an enabling environment for corporate behaviour change of businesses in Myanmar. |
| TuKc202 | AN ANALYSIS OF THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS RESPONSE TO HIV/AIDS: EVIDENCE FROM BOTSWANA AIDS IMPACT SURVEY II (2004) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc202 Ntshebe O. The findings of the study points towards further actions to strengthen both the private and public sector responses to HIV/AIDS. In particular the involvement of private sector to HIV/AIDS in Botswana is particularly important to minimize the impacts of HIV/AIDS which are likely to translate in costs related to training, recruitment, development, benefits and the burden on individuals, families and the community. Hence, the study recommends partnerships with Government, public sectors, small to large enterprises and the international partners to share knowledge, skills, and resources for a more comprehensive and effective HIV/AIDS policy development, implementation, and evaluation. It is also imperative that the response recognizes that employees are vital and valuable assets on whom the organization depends for their performance. |
| TuKc203 | UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF HIV/AIDS IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN POLICE SERVICES (SAPS); THE CASE OF JOHANNESBURG POLICING AREA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc203 Masuku T. More can be done to de-stigmatise HIV/AIDS in the police to create an environment in which police officials can feel safe to disclose their HIV status and use available support systems. Record keeping is critical to acquire better quantitative and qualitative data for assessing the impact of the virus and the strategy within the organisation. Increase number of social workers working on HIV/AIDS programmes. Improve the resource allocation and budget management of the SAPS HIV/AIDS strategy and programmes. |
| TuKc204 | PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT FOR TB/HIV PREVENTION IN ETHIOPIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc204 Mezemir T.1, Burka Y.2, Abraham S.2, Ruden C.1 Program outputs included trainings for private providers, prophylaxis therapies and TB treatments offered in the workplace, improving the lives of 400,000 workers and families. Private sector involvement in TB/HIV control is cost effective and offers the best strategy to increase national efforts to fight the epidemic. The commercial sector, as the common sites for a client's first visit, is the best way to ensure positive client uptake, minimal rate of default, and a high prophylaxis and treatment rate. |
| TuKc205 | SECOND GENERATION HIV PREVALENCE SURVEILLANCE IN THE WORKPLACE A CASE STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc205 C. Evian Second generation HIV surveillance in the workplace is a very valuable strategy to assist in the overall prevention and management of HIV in working communities. The findings can highlight critical issues which need to be addressed by the company HIV programme. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| TUKC3 | Intensifying Involvement of Affected Communities in the Caribbean |
| TuKc301 | USING CHAT TECHNOLOGY FOR LEADERSHIP SUPPORT AND DEVELOPMENT: A CARIBBEAN CASE STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc301 Mcknight I.1, Carr R.2 Community groups working under conditions of social exclusion can achieve supportive networks for leadership development using internet technologies and drawing on expertise based in similar environments. |
| TuKc302 | HIV/AIDS CONFIDENTIALITY IN EASTERN CARIBBEAN HEALTH SETTINGS: TORN BETWEEN PROFESSIONAL OBLIGATIONS TO PATIENTS AND A COVERT DUTY TO WARN OTHERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc302 S.E. Rutledge1, N. Abell2 Benefits of increasingly available HAART may be offset by stigma in health care settings as PLHA delay enrolling in services because they fear scorn, discrimination, and confidentiality violations. A multilevel response is needed, including structural interventions to strengthen patient rights and workplace safety, and interventions targeted to providers to create a mindful awareness of their potential to stigmatize PLHA. |
| TuKc303 | EMPLOYERS' ACTION FOR HIV PREVENTION AND NON-DISCRIMINATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc303 Husbands H.1, Maillot M.2, Leather S.2, Kisting S.2, Laporte J.2, Coulibaly I.2, Burdin K.2 The BEC has one main recommendation, that its experience and that of other employers' organizations be shared more widely, through organizations such as the ILO and UNAIDS, so that national AIDS bodies understand the potential of the workplace and other employers are encouraged to take action. Linked to this, it recommends that employers' and workers' organizations are systematically represented on national AIDS Commissions and CCMs to ensure a coordinated national response. |
| TuKc304 | PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL HIV TRANSMISSION IN THE CARIBBEAN: A SURVEY OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES CONCERNING WORKPLACE EXPOSURE AMONG PRE-CLINICAL MEDICAL STUDENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc304 Radix A.1, Bansal D.2, le Sueur J.3 The study revealed a very real threat to students' safety due to insufficient knowledge of universal precautions and PEP. The perceived risk of occupational transmission was unrealistically high. Fear of contagion may partly explain the discriminatory views held, including the right to refuse care to PLWHAs and a high acceptance of involuntary and/or mandatory HIV testing. Comprehensive education in universal precautions and HIV prevention should be provided by Caribbean medical schools before students start clinical clerkships. Training may also be required in biomedical ethics, especially in the legal and social aspects of HIV care and prevention. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| TUKC4 | Building New Leaders |
| TuKc401 | INVOLVEMENT OF RELIGIOUS LEADER TO RESPONSE HIV /AIDS EPIDEMIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc401 Kuch S. Sensitization policy maker and key decision maker on the effectiveness of religious assistance to the HIV/AIDS response and lobby for the expansion to all pagodas in Cambodia. – Promote coordination with international and local NGOs working on HIV/AIDS and religious response in order to manage all activities and facilitate the design of monitoring and evaluation frame work effectively in accordance of National Policy. |
| TuKc402 | COLLABORATION WITH ARAB AND MUSLIM-AMERICANS TO BREAK THE SILENCE SURROUNDING HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc402 Gomez M.1, Samuels-Atse S.2 Mobilizing the Arab and Muslim-American communities to fight HIV/AIDS is a process that requires long-term planning and reinforcement. The most critical element is to gain support from civic, faith, and public health leaders and to handle the issue of HIV/AIDS with cultural sensitivity. |
| TuKc403 | BUSINESS IN THE "NEXT WAVE": WILL RUSSIAN EMPLOYERS TAKE ACTION ON HIV/AIDS? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc403 Costello J. To effectively engage the Russian private sector in fighting HIV/AIDS, interventions should address the full range of factors which influence business decisions, through: 1. Targeted communications to raise employers' awareness of risk and to assist with reasonable first steps; 2. Trust-building and collaboration among stakeholder groups; and 3. Regulatory changes to minimize structural barriers. Culturally appropriate interventions will incorporate factors unique to the post-Soviet environment. |
| TuKc404 | MOBILIZING BUSINESS – LED RESPONSE TO AIDS IN ETHIOPIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc404 Ghenna K.1, Gold J.2, Tekallign T.3, Can Atacik M.4 Scale up to reach more businesses and address additional program items for comprehensive HIV/AIDS response. |
| Poster Discussions | |
| TUKC5 | Scaling Up Lessons Learned From the Field |
| TuKc501 | SCALING UP PEDIATRIC HIV CARE AND TREATMENT IN RESOURCE-CONSTRAINED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc501 Gass R.N.1, Luo C.1, Ngongo N.1, Crowley S.2, Tene G.3, Sherman G.4, Harries A.5 Strategies outlined above resulted in dramatic increases in numbers of HIV+ children identified and treated. Low-resource, high-burden countries can scale up response to pediatric HIV care through existing resources and significantly reduce HIV associated mortality. |
| TuKc502 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc502 Abstract not available. |
| TuKc503 | WHO WILL DELIVER TO THE CAREGIVERS? OCCUPATIONAL STRESS EXPERIENCED BY HIV/AIDS CAREGIVERS IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc503 Van Dyk A. Proper HIV/AIDS care cannot be delivered if health systems/employers do not care for their caregivers. The following strategies for the prevention of occupational stress and burnout will be discussed: professional supervision and mentoring; emotional support and therapeutic counselling; stress-reduction and coping skills; ongoing training; and a supportive working environment. |
| TuKc504 | POLICY CONSIDERATIONS FOR INITIATING AND EXPANDING NATIONAL ARV DRUG SUPPLY CHAINS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc504 Chandani Y.1, Muwonge M.2, Wilbur S.2, Felling B.1 As countries scale-up ART services, program managers should use the key considerations identified in this paper as a checklist for implementation related to supply chain management and improving availability of ARV drugs. |
| TuKc505 | REDE LAÇOS SUL-SUL – A NETWORK TO FOSTER ARV TREATMENT IN LATIN AMERICAN AND PORTUGUESE SPEAKING COUNTRIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuKc505 Ribeiro Meireles P.G.1, Chequer P.2, Simão M.2, Passarelli C.3, Silveira O.4, Teixeira M.1, Hallal R.4, Segall L.1 Low resource settings selected to participate in the network face obstacles in attracting international assistance, particularly the Portuguese speaking countries. Considering common boarder and language similarity issues, Brazil has been supportive to human rights of PLWHA, by strengthening health systems and encouraging the scale-up of treatment under the spirit of south-south horizontal cooperation involving partnerships with countries and UNICEF. |
| Poster Exhibitions | |
| Track A – Biology and Pathogenesis of HIV | |
| TuPE0001 | ANALYSIS OF THE TIMING OF CXCR4-TROPIC HIV EMERGENCE IN THE MACS COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0001 J. Shepherd1, L. Jacobson2, W. Qiao2, H. Mayer3, B. Jamieson4, J. Phair5, R. Shankarappa6, T. Quinn7, J. Margolick2 Emergence of CXCR4-tropic virus was more common in HIV progressors than in nonprogressors, although it did occur in the latter, and was temporally associated with loss of T cell homeostasis and development of AIDS. |
| TuPE0002 | VIROLOGICAL, IMMUNOLOGICAL AND CELLULAR GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES IN SIMIAN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (SHIV) INFECTED RHESUS MACAQUES AND CORRELATION WITH VIRUS CONTROL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0002 H.-K. Chung1, C.A. Pise-Masison2, M.F. Radonovich2, J. Brady2, T. Unangst1, N. Rose1, P. Markham1, R. Pal1 These results suggest that analyses of differential cellular gene expression along with other anti-viral immunological parameters in SHIV-infected macaques may predict the outcome of disease progression and thereby may help to study pathogenesis of R5 tropic HIV-1 isolates. |
| TuPE0003 | IMMUNOLOGICAL, VIROLOGICAL AND CLINICAL CHANGES DURING PERIODS OF TRANSIENT VIREMIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0003 A. van Sighem1, P. Reiss2, L. Gras1, I. van der Ende3, F. Kroon4, J. Prins2, F. de Wolf1, ATHENA National Observational Cohort Study Short-lasting periods of low-level viremia are frequent but not clearly associated with selection of resistance although therapy mostly remains unchanged. In contrast, high-level viremia is frequently associated with resistance and often leads to therapy changes. The low incidence of resistance during low-level viremia suggests that leaving therapy unchanged during such periods was an acceptable strategy. |
| TuPE0004 | T CELL HOMEOSTASIS ALTERATION IN HIV-1-INFECTED SUBJECTS IMMUNOLOGICAL NON RESPONDERS TO HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0004 M. Marziali, C. Fimiani, W. De Santis, A. Isgrò, R. Carello, W. Leti, A. Esposito, F. Aiuti Our data suggest that, in InR subjects, an altered homeostasis of CD4+ T cells can be found with a reduction of naíve compartment. An IL7/IL7R pathway dysregulation may also be observed, possibly involving bone marrow stromal cells. The defective immune response is independent from sex, race, age, risk behaviour, baseline pVL and type of therapy. |
| TuPE0005 | THE BENEFIT OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS ON CD4+ T CELL RECONSTITUTION IS NOT INFLUENCED BY ITS EFFECT ON T CELL ACTIVATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0005 López, V. Soriano, S. Lozano, A. Cascarejo, J. Gonzalez-laHoz, J.M. Benito PI- and NNRTI-containing HAART regimens reduce to a similar extent the levels of activation in all T cell subsets. Thus, a differential effect of PI and NNRTI on CD4 reconstitution does not seem to be driven by their effect on T cell activation. |
| TuPE0006 | IMPACT OF INVERSION OF THE CD4/CD8 RATIO ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0006 J. Margolick1, S. Gange2, R. Detels3, M. O'Gorman4, C. Rinaldo5, S. Lai6, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Time from HIV-1 seroconversion to inversion of the CD4/CD8 ratio independently predicted time to AIDS. Early measurements of the CD4/CD8 ratio until inversion occurs may identify people likely to become long-term non- or slowprogressors, thus facilitating detailed studies of the mechanism of HIV disease progression. |
| TuPE0007 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0007 Abstract not available |
| TuPE0008 | AMPLIFICATION OF INTERFERON-γ-INDUCED STAT1 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ACTIVATION IN MONOCYTES FROM HIV+ PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0008 A. Alhetheel1, K. Abdkader1, N. Sant1, J. Angel2, A. Kumar1, F. Diaz-Mitoma1, M. Kryworuchko1 A selective upregulation of IFN-γ-dependent STAT1 activation was observed in monocytes from off-therapy patients. The biological impact and the molecular mechanisms responsible for STAT1 hyper-activation are not entirely clear at present. However, this phenomenon may contribute to monocyte and/or bystander T cell apoptosis, affect monocyte phagocytic activity, and/or alter their cytokine or chemokine expression patterns. |
| TuPE0009 | HIV NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY (NTAB) TITER AND THE NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0009 C. Reed1, S. Gilbert2, T. Wrin3, E. Lam3, C. Petropoulos3, S. Donfield4, A. Lail4, E. Gomperts5, E. Daar6, For the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study While cause and effect are difficult to discern, there was an independent relationship between ntAb titers to laboratory viruses with both baseline CD4+ T cells and disease progression. In contrast, the less sensitive categorical analysis of ntAb to primary isolates was not independently associated with rate of progression. Defining the relationship between ntAb titer and HIV disease will enhance our understanding of HIV immunopathogenesis and may be important for vaccine development. |
| TuPE0010 | REGULATION OF HIV-1 PROTEIN TRAFFICKING AND BUDDING BY NEDD4 AND N4WBP5A/NDFIP2 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0010 A. Cristillo1, L. He1, K. Camp1, S. Whitney1, L. Nie2, S. Restrepo1, N. Cho1, M.-G. Ferrari1, R. Pal1, P. Markham1 Our findings identify Nedd4 and N4WBP5A/Ndfip2 as contributors to HIV-1 protein trafficking and budding that mediate HIV-1 egress from infected cells and may serve as targets for therapeutic intervention. |
| TuPE0011 | PROGESTERONE INHIBITS HIV-1 REPLICATION ON TROPHOBLAST PLACENTAL CELLS THROUGH INHIBITION OF AUTOCRINE TNF SECRETION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0011 L. Díaz Muñoz1, M.J. Serramía1, M. Fresno2, M.Á. Muñoz-Fernández1 Our results suggest that progesterone inhibits HIV-1 replication in placental cells by reducing TNF levels, which are required for optimal viral replication. |
| TuPE0012 | VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (ECS) PROMOTE APOPTOSIS RESISTANCE IN CD4+ PRODUCTIVELY INFECTED T CELLS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0012 S. Boichuk1, M. Makarova2, I. Mustafin2 Collectively, our data indicate that EC/T cell model is relevant to specific depletion of CD4+ bystander T-lymphocytes and apoptosis resistance of productively infected T cells in HIV-infected patients. Our data illustrate a novel mechanism for HIV-replication in vivo within the minimally activated and apoptosis-resistant memory CD4+ T-lymphocytes. |
| TuPE0013 | HIV-1 IMPAIRS ABCA1-DEPENDENT CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX FROM MACROPHAGES AND PROMOTES FOAM CELL FORMATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0013 Z. Mujawar, M. Morrow, M. Bukrinsky HIV-1 Nef mediates relocalization and downregulation of ABCA1 in macrophages. This newly found activity is consistent with previously demonstrated ability of Nef to perturb endosomal trafficking and modulate cell-surface expression of multiple membrane proteins that use these pathways. Inhibition of physiological, ApoAI-dependent cholesterol efflux results in foam cell formation – a characteristic feature of the atherosclerotic plaque. |
| TuPE0014 | EXPRESSION OF CD8AA AND INTERLEUKIN-7 RECEPTORS ON CD8 CELLS FROM HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0014 M.-R. Boulassel1, F. Mercier1, C. Grignon1, M. Young1, S. Gimmig2, B. Yassine-Diab2, M. Legault1, B. Routy1, R.-P. Sekaly2, C. Tremblay2, J.-P. Routy1 These results suggest that HIV affects the expression of CD8aa on PTEM and IL-7R on CD8 cells with an increase in activation markers, thus providing an explanation for the ineffectiveness of these cells in controlling HIV. |
| TuPE0015 | THE HIV-1 VPR AND GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR COMPLEX IS A GAIN OF FUNCTION INTERACTION THAT PREVENTS THE NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION OF PARP-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0015 K. Muthumani1, A.Y. Choo2, M. Madesh3, D.S. Hwang1, A. Premkumar4, S. Kumar1, C.B. Thompson5, D.B. Weiner1 The Vpr protein of HIV-1 functions as a vital accessory gene by regulating various cellular functions including cell differentiation, apoptosis, NF-κB suppression and cell cycle arrest of the host cell. Several reports have suggested that Vpr complexes with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), but it remains unclear whether the GR pathway is required for Vpr's effects 1. |
| TuPE0016 | HELMINTHIC INFECTIONS HAVE A MAJOR IMPACT ON THE PATHOGENESIS AND VACCINATION AGAINST HIV INFECTION: SHOULD WE DEWORM THE POPULATIONS? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0016 Z. Bentwich Immune activation and helminthic infections are dominant factors in the pathogenesis of AIDS in Africa (Immunol Today. 1995 Apr;16(4):187-91; ibid 20:485,1999). The immigration of Ethiopians(ET) to Israel several of them infected with HIV subtype C and universally infected with helminths has enabled us to study the interaction between the host and the dual infection in Israel and in Africa. |
| TuPE0017 | METHAMPHETAMINE (METH) UPREGULATES DC-SIGN EXPRESSION IN MATURE DENDRITIC CELLS: IMPLICATIONS FOR HIV-1 PATHOGENESIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0017 M.P. Nair, S.D. Mahajan, S.A. Schwartz, J.L. Reynolds, R. Aalinkeel, B.B. Nair, D.E. Sykes These results suggest that Meth may exacerbate HIV-1 infection by upregulating DC-SIGN on DC. These data are the first evidence that Meth upregulates the expression of DC-SIGN on MDC. A better understanding of the role of DC-SIGN in HIV-1 infection may help to design novel therapeutic strategies against the progression of HIV-1 disease in the drug using population. |
| TuPE0018 | EFFECT OF HIV-1 RECOMBINANT SUBTYPES ON DISEASE PROGRESSION IN EUROPEAN SEROCONVERTER COHORTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0018 G. Touloumi1, D. Paraskevis1, N. Pantazis1, D. Pillay2, B. Masquelier3, C. Kücherer4, E. Magiorkinis1, K. Porter5, A. Hatzakis1, CASCADE Non-B subtypes, particularly recombinants, have been introduced in European cohorts and their frequency has increased over time. Our data suggest that, in ART-naïve patients infected with recombinant subtypes other than CRF02_AG CD4 counts are lower than in those with B subtype. Larger numbers of subjects with non-B subtypes and longer follow-ups are needed to evaluate the role of each specific subtype on HIV-1 disease progression. |
| TuPE0019 | HIV ENTEROPATHY: INCREASED PROLIFERATION IN STEM CELLS AND TRANSIT CELLS INDUCES CRYPT HYPERPLASTIC VILLOUS ATROPHY IN HIV/MICROSPORIDIA-INFECTED JEJUNAL MUCOSA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0019 P. Batman1, D. Kotler2, M. Kapembwa3, D. Booth4, C. Potten4, J. Orenstein2, G. Griffin5 Villous atrophy correlates with crypt elongation in jejunal mucosa. This study shows HIV and Microsporidia induce crypt elongation by stimulating mitoses predominantly in transit cells but also in stem cells. Increased stem cell proliferation occurs only in high proliferation cases. |
| TuPE0020 | HIV-1 VPU MUTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH LESS SEVERE CD4+ T CELL LOSS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0020 A.M. Land1, T.B. Ball1, M. Luo1, J. Kimani2, F.A. Plummer3 Animal studies have previously demonstrated the association between null Vpu HIV and decreased disease progression, but this data provides novel evidence that Vpu-deficient HIV causes less severe CD4+ T cell loss in human disease. This data corroborates and strengthens the importance of Vpu for in vivo pathogenesis. The observation that this mutation appears to be increasing over time suggests that viral evolution may be occurring to result in decreased pathogenesis, perhaps to eventually approach the asymptomatic infection observed in simians when infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). |
| TuPE0021 | VIRAL LOAD DYNAMICS IN HIV-2 PATIENTS WITH SECONDARY HIV-1 INFECTIONS - IMPLICATIONS FOR PATHOGENESIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0021 A. Alabi, S. Kaye, S. Mcconkey Viral load dynamics appear more complex in HIV-1 and HIV-2 dually infected patients; and this may have greater implications for pathogenesis, success of ARV programmes and efficacy of possible therapeutic HIV vaccines in populations where both viruses co-exist. |
| TuPE0022 | SOLUBLE HIV-1 NEF DIFFERENTIALLY ALTERS CYTOTOXICITY INDUCTION IN CD8+ T LYMPHOCYTES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0022 G. Gomez-Icazbalceta1, H. Leonor1, L.E. Soto-Ramirez2, C. Larralde1 Soluble HIV-1 Nef protein has the ability to altering many immune functions and has been postulated as a central mediator for AIDS immunopathogenesis. However, it is not completely known if this protein is able to alter the induction of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocyte (CTL) mediated-cytotoxicity. Such induction is pivotal for controlling viral replication and delaying the onset of AIDS. Thus, we determined the role of soluble Nef to afecting induction of CTL mediated-cytotoxicity. |
| TuPE0023 | GENETIC VARIATION IN HIV-1 NEF FROM A LARGE ANTIRETROVIRAL-NAÏVE COHORT INITIATING HAART: CORRELATIONS BETWEEN NEFPROG SCORE AND CLINICALLY RELEVANT BASELINE VARIABLES, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS, AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0023 V.S. Gill, C.J. Brumme, Z.L. Brumme, T. Mo, W.W.Y. Dong, R.S. Hogg, J.S.G. Montaner, P.R. Harrigan NefProg scores do not appear to be correlated with clinical prognosis at the initiation of HAART but may be predictive for time to initial virological suppression. It is not clear whether the association between NefProg score and injection drug use is due to epidemiological linkage or biological factors related to mode of transmission. |
| TuPE0024 | HIGH-MOBILITY GROUP BOX 1 PROTEIN INDUCES HIV-1 EXPRESSION IN CHRONICALLY INFECTED CELLS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0024 S. Thierry1, J. Gozlan1, A. Jaulmes2, R. Boniface1, V. Marechal1 This work establishes for the first time a direct link between necrosis and HIV-1 reactivation, that involves the chromatin component HMGB-1. |
| TuPE0025 | CHEMOKINES IN HIV-EXPOSED BUT UNINFECTED INDIVIDUALS: A ROLE FOR THE CCL28/CCR3/CCR10 AND THE CCL25/CCR9 SYSTEMS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0025 E. Castelletti1, S. Lo Caputo2, A. Hernis1, F. Vichi3, F. Fasano1, M. Borelli1, D. Trabattoni1, F. Mazzotta2, M. Clerici1 The expression of CCR9, CCR3, CCR10 on B lymphocytes as well as the production of their ligand CCL25 and CCL28 were upregulated in HIV-exposed uninfected individuals. A positive correlation was detected between mucosal CCL28 production and mucosal HIV-specific IgA concentration in ESN, suggesting a role of this chemokine in the recruitment of protective antibodies at mucosal sites. These results could therefore explain the IgA expression that characterizes the HIV-exposed but uninfected condition. |
| TuPE0026 | INCREASED RANTES IN CERVICOVAGINAL SECRETIONS DURING PREGNANCY IS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV-1-SEROPOSITIVITY, BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS, AND TRICHOMONIASIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0026 R. Bosire1, B. Lohman-Payne2, J. Mabuka3, M. Majiwa3, G. Wariua4, C. Gichuhi3, B. Guthrie4, D. Mbori-Ngacha3, G. John- Stewart5, C. Farquhar5 We observed higher cervicovaginal RANTES among HIV-1-infected women and women with BV or trichomoniasis. Interactions between chemokines, genital infections, and HIV-1 may influence risk of HIV-1 acquisition/transmission and merit further investigation, especially since RANTES and other HIV-1 entry inhibitors are being considered as potential microbicides. |
| TuPE0027 | NEUROTOXIC AND NEUROINFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF PROTEOLYTICALLY CLEAVED STROMAL CELL-DERIVED FACTOR-1 IN HIVASSOCIATED DEMENTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0027 D. Vergote1, G.S. Butler2, J. Cox2, J.H. Jhamandas1, M.D. Hollenberg3, C.M. Overall2, C. Power1 These studies indicate that cSDF is expressed in the brains of patients with a neurodegenerative disease associated with HIV, or more generally with lentiviral infection, and exerts multiple pathogenic effects either directly on neurons or indirectly through glial activation. |
| TuPE0028 | SELECTIVE INHIBITION OF RECEPTOR PATHWAYS FOR MACROPHAGE-SPECIFIC CYTOKINES BY HIV-1 NEF PROTEINS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0028 S. Okada, H. Harada, M. Hiyoshi, S. Suzu The selective inhibition of Nef on cytokine signaling might result in the modification of macrophage functions such as cytokine/chemokine production, creating an immunologic environment favorable for HIV-1 virus production. |
| TuPE0029 | IMMUNE CORRELATES OF HIV SHEDDING IN THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0029 C. Pettengell1, S. Sunderji1, A. Rebbapragada1, B. Bossen1, A. Sheung1, K. MacDonald2, A. Biringer2, L. Casciaro3, S. Walmsley3, R. Kaul1 HIV is associated with profound differences in the FGT immune milieu. These changes may persist despite antiretroviral therapy, which appears to have more impact on blood viral load than on HIV levels in the FGT. |
| TuPE0030 | IMMUNE CORRELATES OF HIV SHEDDING IN THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0030 C. Pettengell1, S. Sunderji1, A. Rebbapragada1, B. Bossen1, A. Sheung1, K. MacDonald2, A. Biringer2, L. Casciaro3, S. Walmsley3, R. Kaul1 HIV is associated with profound differences in the FGT immune milieu. These changes may persist despite antiretroviral therapy, which appears to have more impact on blood viral load than on HIV levels in the FGT. |
| TuPE0031 | CYTOKINE MRNA EXPRESSION IN THE GUT OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER NINE MONTHS OF HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0031 H. Bode1, H. Schulbin2, K. Arastéh2, C. Loddenkemper3, M. Zeitz1, R. Ullrich1 Mucosal mRNA expression of several proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines remained increased despite of effective suppression of HIV replication for nine months. Restoration of mucosal CD4 T cells by HAARTcan explain the dramatic reduction in gastrointestinal opportunistic infections by HAART. However, the restored abundance of mucosal CD4 T cells with high levels of stimulatory cytokines clearly defines the intestinal mucosa as a site predestined to support a dramatic rebound of HIV production once therapy is discontinued or fails. Supported by Competence Network on HIV/AIDS, FKZ 01 KI 0211 and Joachim Kuhlman-Stiftung. |
| TuPE0032 | UP-REGULATION OF IFNα AND RANTES IN THE CERVIX OF HIV-1 SERONEGATIVE WOMEN WITH HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0032 T. Hirbod1, J. Nilsson2, J. Andersson2, L. Lopalco3, K. Broliden1 Induction of IFNα and RANTES expression in cervical mucosa may contribute to protection of sexual HIV-1 transmission in subjects with a higher risk behavior. Further studies of this important compartment for initial viral infection and dissemination in exposed seronegatives may generate a better understanding of how the resistance towards HIV-1 infection is mediated. |
| TuPE0033 | GASTROINTESTINAL IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION IS DELAYED AND INCOMPLETE AFTER INITIATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY DURING ACUTE HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0033 S. Mehandru1, M. Poles2, K. Tenner-Racz3, A. Shet1, S. Vasan1, P. Jean-Pierre1, V. Manuelli1, C. Chung1, C. Socec1, D. Boden1, P. Racz3, M. Markowitz1 Reconstitution of GI CD4+ T cells is delayed and incomplete compared to PB. CD4+ T cell reconstitution occurs in the inductive but not the effector sites of the GI tract. Initiation of ART during AHI impacts on PB reconstitution more than GI reconstitution. The long term consequences of persistent mucosal depletion are not clear. However, understanding the factors involved in immune reconstitution at mucosal sites is critical as the survival of HIV-1 infected patients increases due to ART. |
| TuPE0034 | THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION WITH REMUNE INDUCES POLYFUNCTIONAL CD8+ HIV-1 SPECIFIC T CELL RESPONSES IN HIV-1 CHRONIC INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0034 L. Valor1, J. Navarro1, B. Santamaria1, C. Rodríguez-Sainz1, J. Carbone1, J. Gil1, D. Podzamczer2, J. González Lahoz3, P. Viciana4, I. Ocaña5, B. Clotet6, R. Rubio7, F. Pulido7, S. Moreno8, J. Maradona9, C. Quereda8, R. Blazquez10, E. Ferrer2, M. Díaz5, A. Jou6, G. Sirera6, J. Peña11, P. Gijón12, J. Gatell13, F. López14, M. Desco15, E. Fernandez-Cruz1 Long-term therapeutic vaccination with Remune induces polyfunctional HIV-1 specific CD8+ T cells that correlated negatively with VL in patients with chronic HIV-1 infection. |
| TuPE0035 | EFFECTS ON THYMUS FUNCTION OF A MULTIPLE VACCINATION PROGRAM IN SUCCESSFULLY TREATED HIV-INFECTED ADULTS ON HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0035 P. Castro1, A. López2, M. Plana2, B. de Felipe3, M. Martínez-Moya4, E. Fumero1, M. Leal3, T. Pumarola5, J.M. Gatell1, F. García1 The thymus is essential in the recovery of T lymphocyte repertoire of HIV-infected patients. Stimulating thymus function would improve this recovery. IL-7 has been described to stimulate thymic function and regulate T cell pool. We tested if multiple immunologic stimuli with a vaccination program could change T cell balance, increase IL-7 and increase thymic function. |
| TuPE0036 | IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL ANTIGENIC PEPTIDE PRESENTED BY HLA-B44 USING DENDRITIC CELLS ELECTROPORATED WITH MRNA ENCODING HIV-1 REV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0036 S.D. Allard1, C. Heirman1, P. Lacor2, K. Thielemans1, J.L. Aerts1 To our knowledge, we identified the first HLA-B44 restricted Rev epitope. HLA-B44 is frequently expressed by Caucasians (11.19%), Blacks (5.75%) and Orientals (3.59%). Therefore this Rev epitope represents a promising target for therapeutic vaccination in HIV-1 infection. |
| TuPE0037 | HIV INTERACTION WITH ORAL MUCOSA MAY DISRUPT TIGHT JUNCTIONS OF MUCOSAL EPITHELIUM AND REDUCE ITS BARRIER FUNCTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0037 S. Tugizov1, R. Herrera1, P. Veluppillai2, D. Greenspan2, J. Levy1, J. Palefsky1 During HIV/AIDS disease HIV may infect CD4+, CD14+, and CD68+ cells in the lamina propria of oral mucosa. HIVinfected monocytes may then migrate into mucosal epithelium and differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells. HIV-infected intra-epithelial immune cells may disseminate virus within the epithelial basal cell layer and disrupt tight junctions. Dissociation of tight junctions may reduce mucosal permeability and barrier functions. |
| TuPE0038 | HIV-1 NEF INTERACTION WITH HSP40: ROLE IN VIRAL GENE EXPRESSION AND REPLICATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0038 M. Kumar, D. Mitra Our observation provides evidence as to how HIV-1 targets host proteins to its own benefit and identifies a novel molecular mechanism of Nef dependent increase in HIV-1 replication. |
| TuPE0039 | TYPE I HUMAN ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUS K102 (HERV-K102) REACTIVATION IN HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0039 M. Laderoute1, L. Larocque1, A. Giulivi2, Y.-X. Hou1, I. Moldovan1, J. Wu1, S. El Saddany1, F. Diaz-Mitoma3 This work may be first to implicate Type I HERV-K (HML-2) reactivation in HIV and suggests HERV-K102 may uniquely contain DNA genomes. |
| TuPE0040 | VPAC2 NEUROENDOCRINE RECEPTOR STIMULATION ACTIVATES A PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE THAT RESULTS IN INHIBITION OF HIV-1 INFECTION BY NEGATIVELY AFFECTING VIRAL INTEGRATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0040 P. Baradar Bokaei1, D. R.Branch2 VPAC2 stimulation generates a signal which acts as a strong intracellular inhibitor of productive HIV-1 infection by interfering with the integration of the viral cDNA and/or transcription of the viral proteins. Increased PTP activity directly correlates with the inhibitory effect and is likely responsible for this phenomenon. Further studies to elucidate the exact signaling pathway may provide insight into the pathogenesis of the virus as well as lead to novel future treatments for HIV/AIDS. |
| Track B – Clinical Research, Treatment and Care | |
| TuPE0041 | COMPARISON OF VISUAL INSPECTION OF THE CERVIX WITH ACETIC ACID (VIA) AND PAP SMEAR AMONG HIV-INFECTED WOMEN IN PHNOM PENH, CAMBODIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0041 K. Lim1, J.I. Harwell2, P. De Munter3, S. Thay1, P. Srey1, M. Haverkamp2, L. Tharpe2, G. Jacques1, L. Lynen3, S. Cu-Uvin2 VIA appears to be a reasonable screening tool for cervical abnormalities among HIV-infected women in resource limited settings where Pap smears are not readily available. Under these circumstances, we believe that abnormal VIA results should be followed by colposcopy or biopsy for confirmation. Further studies to compare VIA results with histology (colposcopy and biopsy) are essential. |
| TuPE0042 | AGEING AND CANCER IN HIV-POSITIVES AND IN TRANSPLANT PERSONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0042 D. Serraino1, M.P. Carrieri2, S. Bellelli3, P. Piselli3, C. Angeletti3, L. Fratino4, B. Longo5, G. Busnach6, E. Arbustini7, P. Burra8, F. Citterio9, G. Rezza5, C. Pradier10, Immunosuppression and Cancer Study Group These findings suggest that in aged individuals with acquired immunesuppression the spectrum of cancer pattern is similar to the one observed in younger persons with immunosuppression. However, the burden of cancer will increase in absolute terms in these population groups, because of the increasing proportion of older individuals among both HIV+ and TRP calling for primary and secondary preventive interventions. |
| TuPE0043 | THE MANAGEMENT OF MENINGEAL LYMPHOMA IN PATIENTS WITH HIV IN THE ERA OF HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0043 D. Mazhar, J. Stebbing, P. Holmes, T. Newsom-Davis, A.M. Young, M. Nelson, B. Gazzard, M. Bower DepoCyt is safe and effective in patients with ARL and meningeal disease and reduces the number of intrathecal administrations required. In view of other data demonstrating an improved quality of life on this regimen, it should be considered as treatment for meningeal disease, in these individuals. |
| TuPE0044 | CERVICAL DYSPLASIA IN WOMEN INFECTED WITH THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) IN JOS, NIGERIA: A CORRELATION WITH CD4+ AND HIV VIRAL LOAD Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0044 P. Agaba1, C. Ekwempu1, O. Agbaji1, T. Thacher2, M. Tanko3, J. Adisa3, M. Mua'zu1, B. Badung1, D. Falum1, J. Idoko1, P. Kanki4, HIV MALIGNANCY In our population, there is a high prevalence of cervical dysplasia among HIV-infected women with significant correlation between CD4+ count and VL. VL did not appear to be an independent risk factor for dysplasia in this population. |
| TuPE0045 | IMPROVED PROGNOSIS IN THE TREATMENT OF KAPOSI'S SARCOMA POST-HAART Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0045 L. Ratcliffe1, S. Walker2, E.G.L. Wilkins1 Study outcome was good with no KS related death and 70% in complete remission. Patients who subsequently relapsed after liposomal doxorubicin responded well to paclitaxel. Nearly 20% of patients developed chemo-dependent relapsing disease. KS remains an important cause of HIV related morbidity but overall prognosis has improved. |
| TuPE0046 | A PROGNOSTIC INDEX FOR AIDS-ASSOCIATED KAPOSI SARCOMA IN THE ERA OF HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0046 M. Bower, A. Sanitt, D. Mazhar, M. Nelson, B. Gazzard, J. Stebbing An accurate prognostic index can be obtained for individuals with AIDS-KS in the HAART era by combining age, S stage, KS as an ADI and CD4 count. This can be used to guide therapeutic options. |
| TuPE0047 | TENOFOVIR DOES NOT INCREASE THE INCIDENCE OF CHEMOTHERAPY RELATED NEPHROTOXICITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0047 R. Jones, E. Low, M. Nelson, B. Gazzard, M. Bower Tenofovir did not increase the nephrotoxicity of anthracycline based chemotherapy, nor was it associated with a higher frequency of renal impairment at lymphoma diagnosis. |
| TuPE0048 | SUCCESSFUL SECONDARY PROPHYLAXIS FOR PRIMARY EFFUSION LYMPHOMA (PEL) WITH HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8 (HHV-8) THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0048 N. Crum-CianfloneTuPE0047, M. Wallace2, D. Looney3 We present the first use of anti-HHV8 medications as secondary prophylaxis against the recurrence of PEL and demonstrate a > 5 year survival. Although antiviral drugs do not treat PEL, these medications may decrease the risk of recurrence of HHV8-associated tumors via inhibition of lytic replication. Monitoring HHV8 levels is valuable for detecting disease progression in KS; a similar approach may be useful in PEL. |
| TuPE0049 | POSTPARTUM PAP SMEAR: A PRACTICABLE APPROACH TO SCREENING FOR CERVICAL SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS (SIL) IN HIV-INFECTED WOMEN FROM RESOURCE LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0049 R. Bhosale1, K. Puppal2, M. Khandekar3, S. Patil2, M. Bhide2, N. Gupte4, S. Nair4, J. Sastry4, M. Phadke5, R. Bollinger6 This study confirms that SIL is more prevalent in HIV-infected women, especially when CD4 count < 200. Since at delivery HIV testing is usually offered, post partum screening seems to be practical approach to detection of SIL. This strategy, similar to "once in a lifetime Pap smear" could go long way in preventing cervical cancer in resource limited settings. |
| TuPE0050 | PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN HHV-8 RELATED LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0050 C. Simonelli1, R. Tedeschi2, A. Gloghini3, M. Spina1, R. Talamini4, P. De Paoli2, A. Carbone5, U. Tirelli1 These data suggest that HHV-8 viral load might be associated with a shorter OS in HHV-8 lymphoprolipherative disorders during HIV infection. |
| TuPE0051 | A TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE (TCM) TREATMENT FOR ANAL HIGH GRADE SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS (HSIL) IN HIV-POSITIVE MEN AND WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0051 N. Jay1, M. Cohen2, T. Darragh3, J.M. Berry4 The treatment was safe and feasible. These preliminary results indicate that the TCM therapy may effectively treat anal HSIL although whether regression will be sustained needs further evaluation. Completion of this study as well as larger, randomized trials will better determine the immediate and long-term efficacy of TCM as a treatment. |
| TuPE0052 | TYMIC RENEWAL AFTER AUTOLOGOUS BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (ASCT) IN PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED LYMPHOMA AND HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0052 C. Simonelli1, C. Pratesi2, R. Tedeschi2, M. Rupolo3, M.T. Bortolin2, S. Zanussi2, M. Michieli3, P. De Paoli2, U. Tirelli1 The dynamics of the immunereconstitution was similar in HIV-positive and HIV-negative pts but the tymic output unexpectedly seemed to be enhanced in HIV-positive pts. |
| TuPE0053 | PREVALENCE OF ABNORMAL PAP SMEAR RESULTS IN CORRELATION WITH CD4 COUNTS IN AN HIV POSITIVE COHORT IN PHNOM PENH, CAMBODIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0053 K. Lim1, J.I. Harwell2, P. De Munter3, P. Srey1, S. Thay1, M. Haverkamp2, L. Tharpe2, G. Jacques1, L. Lynen3, S. Cu-Uvin2 HGSIL on Pap smear appears to be strongly correlated with immune-suppression in this cohort. The results show the importance of screening for cervical cancer all HIV positive women, even when in resource-poor settings. Further studies are needed to correlate the findings with HPV prevalence and to confirm these diagnoses by colposcopy or biopsy. |
| TuPE0054 | THE EFFECT OF IRRADIATION ON CD4 COUNT IN HIV POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PATIENTS AND THE SEVERITY OF ORAL MUCOSITIS IN PATIENTS FOR HEAD AND NECK TUMORS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0054 M. Heunis1, G.R. Chingarande1, R. Makufa1, J. Kasese1, A. Paleske2 CD4 count decreases with dose of radiation in head and neck patients irrespective of their HIV status. The severity of the mucositis is dependent on the patient's HIV status. HIV positive patients can hardly tolerate the current protocols. |
| TuPE0055 | IMMUNOSUPPRESSION AND CANCER: A COMPARISON OF RISKS IN HIV-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS AND IN RECIPIENTS OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0055 D. Serraino1, S. Bellelli2, P. Burra3, F. Citterio4, G. Busnach5, E. Arbustini6, U. Baccarani7, E. De Juli8, J. Polesel1, P. Carrieri9, C. Angeletti2, B. Longo10, G. Rezza10, L. Dal Maso1, P. Piselli2, S. Franceschi11, Immunosuppression and Cancer Study Group HIV-infected persons and recipients of organ transplant have a similar pattern of cancer risk, largely due to virusrelated cancers. Interestingly, only for some cancers HAART treatment had a protective effect and, in these cases, HAART treated patients had risks similar to transplant patients. |
| TuPE0056 | THE INFLUENCE OF HAART ON HIV-ASSOCIATED PRIMARY CEREBRAL LYMPHOMA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0056 C. Goode, J. Stebbing, D. Mazhar, S. Mandalia, M. Nelson, B. Gazzard, M. Bower Although their prognosis remains dismal, the HAART era has decreased the incidence and prolonged the survival of individuals with HIV-1 associated PCL. |
| TuPE0057 | SMOOTH MUSCLE TUMOUR – AN UNCOMMON BUT EXISTENT NEOPLASIA IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0057 K. Wong1, K. Chan1, S. Lee2, S. Lai3, N. Lee4, C. Cockram4, W. Poon5, T. Tsang3, Y. Tso3, K. To6 SMT is an uncommon but potentially important tumour in AIDS patients. Its short-term prognosis could be good. The tumour should be borne in mind in the setting of space-occupying lesion of organs, especially when there are multiple and unusual sites of involvement. |
| TuPE0058 | PHASE 2 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF THE NOVEL ENTRY INHIBITOR, TNX-355, IN COMBINATION WITH OPTIMIZED BACKGROUND REGIMEN (OBR) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0058 D. Norris1, J. Morales2, J. Gathe3, E. Godofsky4, F. Garcia5, R. Hardwicke6, S. Lewis7 TNX-355 in combination with OBR versus OBR alone produced greater antiviral activity in triple-class experienced patients with limited therapy options. |
| TuPE0059 | ATTACKING LATENT HIV: TOWARDS ERADICATION OF HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0059 N. Archin1, A. Hartmann Duff1, J. Eron1, L. Ngo1, N. Bandarenko2, J. Schmitz2, P. Leone1, C. Pilcher1, G. Jiang1, C.B. Hicks3, D. Wohl1, S. Fiscus4, R. Swanstrom5, M. Cohen1, D. Margolis1 A similar study of ART and VPA without T-20 is ongoing. Laboratory studies suggest that a variety of clinical reagents may induce latent viral expression without augmenting de novo infection. These findings suggest that intensified HAART and clinically tolerable HDAC inhibition can induce expression and clearance of HIV within resting CD4+ T cells in vivo. Further studies of the effect of HDAC inhibitors such as VPA and of antivirals with novel mechanisms of action on persistent low-level replication and the latent resting cell reservoir are warranted. |
| TuPE0060 | TMC114/R IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED HIV PATIENTS IN POWER 3: 24-WEEK EFFICACY AND SAFETY ANALYSIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0060 J.M. Molina1, C. Cohen2, C. Katlama3, B. Grinsztejn4, A. Timerman5, R. Pedro6, S. De Meyer7, M.P. De Bethune7, T. Vangeneugden7, E. Lefebvre8 POWER 3 efficacy and safety results confirm and extend those observed in POWER 1 and 2 in a larger population. TMC114/r 600/100mg bid provided patients with substantial VL reduction and CD4 cell increase, and was generally safe and well-tolerated. |
| TuPE0061 | EFFICACY AND SAFETY RESULTS AT 48 WEEKS WITH THE NOVEL NNRTI, TMC125, AND IMPACT OF BASELINE RESISTANCE ON THE VIROLOGIC RESPONSE IN STUDY TMC125-C223 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0061 C. Cohen1, C. Steinhart2, D. Ward3, P. Ruane4, J. Vingerhoets5, M. Peeters5, A. White5, B. Baeten5, M. de Bethune5, B. Woodfall5 In this study, TMC125 showed high rates of sustained efficacy at 48 weeks in heavily pre-treated patients. The analysis of response by baseline resistance shows that TMC125 retains activity in the presence of multiple NNRTI mutations where current NNRTIs are not expected to be effective. |
| TuPE0062 | TMC114/R IS WELL TOLERATED BY TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS IN POWER 1, 2 AND 3: INTEGRATED CLINICAL SAFETY ANALYSIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0062 J. Valdez Madruga1, A. Lafeuillade2, G. Beatty3, S. Spinosa-Guzman4, M. El Malt4, E. Lefebvre5 TMC114/r is generally well tolerated by treatment-experienced patients. The incidence of diarrhea with TMC114/r was lower than with CPIs. TMC114/r is expected to provide a valuable HIV therapy option. |
| TuPE0063 | TMC114/R IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS IN POWER 1, 2 AND 3: INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF LABORATORY PARAMETERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0063 T. Vangeneugden1, B. Van Baelen1, E. De Paepe1, F. Tomaka2, W. Parys1, D. Miralles1, E. Lefebvre2 No organ-specific toxicological signal was observed with TMC114/r. These data suggest that routine follow-up for patients receiving TMC114/r is adequate. Ongoing Phase III studies will provide more data on the safety of TMC114/r. |
| TuPE0064 | EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF TENOFOVIR DF (TDF), EMTRICITABINE (FTC) AND EFAVIRENZ (EFV) COMPARED TO FIXED DOSE ZIDOVUDINE/LAMIVUDINE (CBV) AND EFV THROUGH 96 WEEKS IN ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT-NAÏVE PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0064 J. Gallant1, A. Pozniak2, E. DeJesus3, J. Arribas4, R. Campo5, S.-S. Chen6, D. McColl6, J. Enejosa6, A. Cheng6, Study 934 Team Through Week 96, significantly more patients on TDF+FTC+EFV achieved HIV RNA<400 c/mL and had higher CD4 cell increase from baseline. More patients in CBV arm discontinued study regimen due to adverse events. Limb fat was significantly higher in TDF+FTC arm. |
| TuPE0065 | HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL) CHANGES IN ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) NAÏVE HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS ON ATAZANAVIR BASED REGIMENS, WITH (ATV/R) AND WITHOUT (ATV) RITONAVIR: WEEK 48 RESULTS FROM AI424-089 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0065 U. Iloeje1, K. Kastango2, N. Malan3, N. David4, E. Krantz5, J. Su6, M. Mathew2, D. Frederick2, J. Hammond2 Treatment with atazanavir with or without ritonavir resulted in clinically important improvements in the HRQoL of these treatment naďve HIV-infected persons. |
| TuPE0066 | ISSQOL: QUALITY OF LIFE SELF-ADMINISTERED QUESTIONNAIRE FOR HIV PEOPLE IN THE HAART ERA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0066 R. Bucciardini1, R. Murri2, M. Guarinieri3, F. Starace4, M. Martini5, A. Vatrella6, L. Cafaro4, M. Fantoni2, R. Grisetti7, A. d'Arminio Monforte7, V. Fragola1, R. Arcieri1, C. Del Borgo8, A. Tramarin9, M. Massella1, D. Lorenzetti10, S. Vella1 The data reported in the present paper provide preliminary evidence of the reliability and validity of the ISSQoL questionnaire for the measurement of HRQoL in HIV-infected people. The direct involvement of HIV-positive people in all the phases of the project was a key aspect of our work. |
| TuPE0067 | IMPACT OF PRIOR PI USAGE ON WEEK 48 RESPONSES TO TIPRANAVIR BOOSTED WITH RITONAVIR (TPV/R) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0067 R.B. Pollard1, S. Staszewski2, R. LeBlanc3, D. Neubacher4, H. Valdez4 At all levels of PI experience, TPV/r provided superior treatment efficacy over CPI/r at 48 weeks. This difference increased with increasing PI experience. Patients who started TPV/r with limited (<3) PI experience, and able to take active background ARVs, had better treatment outcomes at Week 48 than those with greater PI experience. |
| TuPE0068 | AN ESTIMATION OF THE IMPACT OF A TREATMENT INCLUDING TENOFOVIR DF ON LIPID METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK OF PATIENTS WITH HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0068 C. Le Pen1, M. Bouchez2, A. Trylesinski3, F. Monchecourt3 Cardiovascular models used in our study have been validated and currently recommended to assess cardiovascular risks in general population. Our study results project significant cardiovascular risk reduction can be achieved by using antiretroviral agents with favorable impact on patient's risk profile, independent of specific risk factors, additional lipid treatments, and the synergistic effects of HIV infection itself. |
| TuPE0069 | IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED HIV PATIENTS TREATED WITH TMC114/R VS CONTROL PROTEASE INHIBITORS: RESULTS OF POWER 1 AND 2 FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF HIV INFECTION (FAHI) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0069 D. Dubois1, E. Smets1, T. Vangeneugden2, B. Van Baelen2, M. Viala3, A.L. Bhakar3, E. Lefebvre4 TMC114/r 600/100mg bid shows sustained, significant and clinically meaningful improvements in FAHI responses compared with CPIs in treatment-experienced patients. Improvements in 'Physical,' 'Functional and Global Well-being' and total FAHI scores support the established clinical findings. |
| TuPE0070 | COMPARATIVE COST-EFFICACY (CE) OF THREE ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMENS IN HIV-1-INFECTED, TREATMENT EXPERIENCED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0070 A. Dusek1, M. DeSpirito1, J. Thommes2, R. DeMasi1 Although ENF-containing regimens were associated with higher cost, they were also associated with improved virologic and immunologic outcomes compared to alternative 4 and 5 drug regimens. When direct drug costs and direct drug outcomes are considered jointly, an ENF-based regimen is more cost-efficacious than alternative regimens in this treatment experienced patient population. |
| TuPE0071 | VIROLOGICAL MEDICAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT – 6 YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF THE DEVELOPMENT IN HIV TREATMENT – A MULTI-CENTRE EVALUATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0071 H. Knechten, C. Höhn, R. Ehret, F. Wiesmann, P. Braun In 2005 a change in the prescribing patterns could be seen. The availability of new boosted PIs could be a cause of the increase in the PI use. The increasing proportion of the "other" regimens could result from a high proportion of heavily pretreated patients and new treatment strategies, e.g. double-PI regimens. The feedback given to the individual centres leads to an improvement of the quality in HIV-treatment. |
| TuPE0072 | ECONOMIC AND CLINICAL IMPACT OF USING A PROTEASE INHIBITOR REGIMEN CONTAINING ATAZANAVIR + RITONAVIR VS. LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR IN ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) EXPERIENCED PATIENTS: MODELING THE LIFETIME IMPACTS OF THE 48 WEEK RESULTS FROM BMS AI424-045 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0072 K.N. Simpson1, G.E. MacKinnon III2 The model predicts that a lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen is both clinically and economically superior to a regimen using atazanavir + ritonavir regimen in ARV-experienced patients. The survival benefit is due to the differences in the proportion of patients with serum HIV-1 RNA below 50 copies/mL. The economic benefit is due to both the lower cost of lopinavir/ritonavir and the cost savings incurred by slower disease progression to costly health states. |
| TuPE0073 | COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF NNRTI COMPARED WITH PI CONTAINING REGIMENS FOR FIRST-, SECOND- AND THIRD-LINE HAART REGIMENS IN UK NPMS-HHC CLINICS 1996 – 2002 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0073 E. Beck1, S. Mandalia1, R. Brettle2, M. Fisher3, M. Gompels4, G. Kinghorn5, B. McCarron6, A. Pozniak7, A. Tang8, J. Walsh7, I. Williams7, M. Youle1, B. Gazzard1, NPMS-HH Steering Group Compared with various PI containing regimens, 2NRTIs+NNRTI was a cost-effective or cost-saving regimen for first-, second- or third-line therapy. As the number of people living with HIV continues to increase in high, middle-and lower income countries, cost-effectiveness of regimens is an increasingly important criterion for identifying appropriate HAART regimens. |
| TuPE0074 | VICRIVIROC (VCV) PHARMACOKINETICS (PK): LACK OF IMPACT OF RITONAVIR (RTV)-BOOSTED PROTEASE INHIBITORS (PI) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0074 A. Sansone1, A. Keung2, E. Tetteh1, H. Weisbrot1, M. Martinho1, S. Lang1, D. Post1, R. Keller1, M. Kraan1 In a RTV-boosted regimen, addition of any of 5 PIs did not significantly alter the key VCV PK parameters. All 3-agent combinations were well tolerated. |
| TuPE0075 | PHARMACOKINETICS, TOLERABILITY AND THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE OF DOUBLE BOOSTED PROTEASE INHIBITOR (PI) ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) THERAPY WITH LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR AND ATAZANAVIR ADMINISTERED ONCE (OD) AND TWICE DAILY (BD) IN PATIENTS WITH HIV-1 INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0075 M. Bloch1, D. Quan1, G. Kaufmann2, J. Ray3, S. Gray4, D. Austin1, C. Anderson1 Dual-boosted combination therapy of lopinavir/ritonavir and atazanavir had satisfactory pharmacokinetic profiles, tolerability and short term efficacy when administered once or twice daily. |
| TuPE0076 | FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION OF THE ATP-BINDING CASSETTE (ABC) MEMBRANE TRANSPORTER P-GLYCOPROTEIN (P-GP; ABCB1) IN CULTURED GLIAL CELLS TREATED WITH GP120 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0076 P. Ronaldson, M. Ramaswamy, R. Bendayan Gp120 and cytokine treatment modulate P-gp functional expression in cultured human and rat astrocytes suggesting that complex drug-transporter interactions may occur during HIVE-associated immune responses. |
| TuPE0077 | PHARMACOKINETICS OF APRICITABINE IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AND HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0077 J. Sawyer1, C. Struthers Semple2 Single and multiple dose PK of ATC and intracellular ATC-TP are similar in HIV- and HIV+ individuals. PK observations in HIV- volunteers are likely to be predictive of exposure to ATC and ATC-TP in HIV+ individuals. |
| TuPE0078 | ABSENCE OF TMC114 EXPOSURE-EFFICACY AND EXPOSURE-SAFETY RELATIONSHIPS IN POWER 3 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0078 V. Sekar1, S. De Meyer2, T. Vangeneugden2, E. Lefebvre1, M. De Pauw2, B. Van Baelen2, E. De Paepe2, P. Vis3, M.P. De Bethune2, D. Miralles2, R. Hoetelmans2 In the absence of exposure-efficacy and exposure-toxicity relationships at the recommended TMC114/r dose, therapeutic drug monitoring for TMC114 is unlikely to play a role in the management of HIV infection. |
| TuPE0079 | APPLICATION OF NON-SUBSTRATE TRANSMEMBRANE EFFLUX PUMP INHIBITORS WITH POTENTIAL BENEFIT FOR COMBINED ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0079 J. Wollmann1, M. Richter2, A. Hilgeroth1 Ritonavir, which was characterized so far only in cellular studies as P-gp inhibitor, can be made responsible for increased bioavailabilities in combination with saquinavir by acting as P-gp inhibitor. H17 proved as most promising agent for combined antiretroviral therapies because it strongly inhibits intestinal P-gp and MRP without being a substrate itself. This means a significant benefit for clinical therapies with low application doses and, in consequence, reduced side effects of the inhibitor itself and the antiretroviral drug due to higher absorption rates from the intestine and into sanctuary tissues like brain. |
| TuPE0080 | LACK OF CLINICALLY RELEVANT DRUG-DRUG INTERACTION BETWEEN RITONAVIR-BOOSTED GS-9137 (GS-9137/R) AND EMTRICITABINE (FTC)/TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE (TDF) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0080 S. Ramanathan, J. Skillington, A. Plummer, J. Hui, G. Shen, A. Cheng, B.P. Kearney There is no clinically relevant drug-drug interaction between GS-9137/r and FTC/TDF. |
| TuPE0081 | PHARMACOKINETICS OF ANTIVIRAL AGENT 1-(β-D-DIOXOLANE)THYMINE (DOT) AFTER INTRAVENOUS AND ORAL DOSING IN RHESUS MONKEYS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0081 G. Asif, S.J. Hurwitz, R.F. Schinazi The favorable pharmacokinetic profile in rhesus monkeys, including its very high oral bioavailability and low glucuronidation compared to AZT, suggests that further development is warranted to assess the full potential of DOT as a TK-dependent antiretroviral agent. |
| TuPE0082 | TMC125 BIOAVAILABILITY IS NOT AFFECTED BY RANITIDINE AND OMEPRAZOLE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0082 M. Schöller-Gyüre, G. De Smedt, H. Vanaken, M. Peeters, C. Debroye, B. Woodfall, R. Hoetelmans The bioavailability of TMC125 is not decreased when co-administered with the H2-antagonist ranitidine or the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole. The increased exposure of TMC125 when co-administered with omeprazole is not considered clinically relevant. Based on the results of this study, TMC125 can be co-administered with proton pump inhibitors and H2-antagonists without dose adjustments. |
| TuPE0083 | CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF TMC114 – A POTENT HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0083 V. Sekar1, S. Spinosa-Guzman2, E. Lefebvre1, R. Hoetelmans2 TMC114/r should be taken with food (any type). Co-administration of TMC114 with low-dose RTV increases its oral bioavailability and systemic exposure. All patients treated with TMC114/r 600/100mg bid achieved TMC114 plasma concentrations above IC50 values even for PI-resistant virus, supporting the dose selection in treatment-experienced patients. |
| TuPE0084 | LACK OF INTERACTION BETWEEN TMC125 AND METHADONE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0084 M. Schöller-Gyüre, B. Woodfall, H. Vanaken, T. Stevens, C. Debroye, G. De Smedt, M. Peeters, K. Vandermeulen, R. Hoetelmans TMC125 has no clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of methadone. |
| TuPE0085 | TENOFOVIR-ASSOCIATED NEPHROTOXICITY: IS DOSE-DEPENDENT RITONAVIR ADMINISTRATION A CO-FACTOR? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0085 A. Holmes1, J. Lucke2, S. Maghidman3, S. Fernandez-Bussy4, B. Barnett1, R. Arduino1 GFR as measured by MDRD declined significantly in the 100mg ritonavir arm compared with the 200mg arm, where it remained stable. This study demonstrates that increased ritonavir dosing at these levels is not associated with decline in renal function in patients receiving tenofovir. The reason for the decline in GFR in the atazanavir/ ritonavir/ TruvadaŽ arm warrants further investigation. |
| TuPE0086 | PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION STUDY WITH TMC125 AND TMC114/RTV IN HIV-NEGATIVE VOLUNTEERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0086 T. Kakuda1, M. Schöller-Gyüre2, M. Peeters2, B. Woodfall2, S. Bollen2, K. Vandermeulen2, C. Debroye2, G. De Smedt2, V. Sekar1, E. Lefebvre1, R. Hoetelmans2 No clinically relevant changes in TMC114 were observed with either TMC125 dose. For TMC125 100mg BID, exposure decreased by 37% when co-administered with TMC114 compared to TMC125 100mg BID alone; the magnitude is comparable with interactions observed with boosted protease inhibitors in Phase II trials. For TMC125 200mg BID in combination with TMC114/rtv, exposure was 80% greater than TMC125 100mg BID alone, and in the range observed for the selected TMC125 dose from Phase II trials. In Phase III trials, TMC125 is dosed at 200mg BID combined with TMC114/rtv 600/100mg BID. |
| TuPE0087 | THE PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION BETWEEN KETOCONAZOLE AND TMC278, AN INVESTIGATIONAL NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR (NNRTI), IN HEALTHY HIV-NEGATIVE SUBJECTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0087 R. van Heeswijk1, R. Hoetelmans1, D. Kestens1, M. Stevens1, M. Peeters1, P. Williams1, B. Woodfall1, K. Boven2 A reduced exposure to ketoconazole was observed during combination with TMC278. Ketoconazole increased the exposure to TMC278, which can probably be explained by inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated metabolism of TMC278 by ketoconazole. Dosing recommendations for TMC278 in combination with ketoconazole will follow after selection of the optimum dose for TMC278 based on the ongoing Phase IIb trial in treatment naïve HIV-1-infected subjects. |
| TuPE0088 | LACK OF CLINICALLY RELEVANT DRUG-DRUG INTERACTION BETWEEN THE RITONAVIR-BOOSTED HIV INTEGRASE INHIBITOR GS-9137/R AND ZIDOVUDINE (ZDV) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0088 S. Ramanathan, K. Lagan, A. Plummer, J. Hui, G. Shen, A. Cheng, B.P. Kearney GS-9137 has a protein-binding adjusted IC50 in human PBMCs of 16nM and its elimination involves a glucuronidation component. GS-9137 dosed once-daily with ritonavir is undergoing Phase II testing in treatment-experienced patients in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). ZDV is a commonly used NRTI that is mainly eliminated via glucuronidation (G-ZDV). This study evaluated the potential for drug-drug interaction between GS-9137/r and ZDV. |
| TuPE0089 | STANDARDIZATION OF A POPULATION PHARMACOKINETIC/VIRAL DYNAMIC MODEL TO PREDICT HIV MONOTHERAPY CLINICAL TRIAL OUTCOMES FOR FUTURE DRUGS, USING LAMIVUDINE AS A MODEL DRUG Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0089 S.J. Hurwitz, G. Asif, R.F. Schinazi This modeling approach could be helpful in planning clinical trials by assessing the antiviral contribution of each agent in a HAART. |
| TuPE0090 | MDR1 POLYMORPHISMS IN HIV-INFECTED SUBSTANCE USERS AND NONUSERS DURING THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING (TDM) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0090 Q. Ma1, D. Brazeau1, B. Zingman2, R. Reichman3, M. Fischl4, B. Gripshover5, C. Venuto1, J. Slish1, R. DiFrancesco1, A. Forrest1, G. Morse1, NIDA HIV Drug Interaction & TDM Group These data confirm the prevalence of wild type alleles of the MDR1 gene in the African-American population and the linkage disequilibrium between C3435T and G2677T loci. The T allele at the MDR1 C3435T locus was not associated with higher CD4 cell counts. The use of TDM may require efflux-transporter genotyping, and possibly intracellular PI measurement to develop individualized dosing regimens. |
| TuPE0091 | SUB-THERAPEUTIC NEVIRAPINE LEVELS DURING COMBINED TRIOMUNE ® (STAVUDINE + LAMIVUDINE + NEVIRAPINE) AND TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT IN MALAWIAN ADULTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0091 J.J.G. van Oosterhout1, M.B.J. Beadsworth1, J.J. Kumwenda1, D.M. Burger2, G. Mateyu1, T. Longwe1, E.E. Zijlstra1 During the combined use of nevirapine and rifampicin in African adults, the nevirapine lead-in phase results in a high percentage of sub-therapeutic nevirapine plasma levels. Further studies are urgently needed to support the combination of both drugs. |
| TuPE0092 | THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE HIV TAT PROTEIN TO ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS INDUCED BY SULPHONAMIDES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0092 K. Adeyanju1, A. Krizova1, M. Rieder2, G.A. Dekaban2 The data presented here suggests that Tat potentiates, in a dose-dependent manner, the sensitivity of T cells to SMX-HA-mediated cell death. Hence Tat expression during the progression of the HIV infection could predispose the infected individual to ADRs related to SMX. This appears to be due to altered cellular responses to SMX. |
| TuPE0093 | AN AUDIT OF TDM IN PAEDIATRIC SUBJECTS IN UK CLINICS, 1999 – 2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0093 S. Gibbons1, D. Cliff2, D. Back1, S. Khoo1 Although these data are limited by small sample sizes and potential selection, they highlight the use of unlicensed regimens, the variability in drug concentrations and potential underdosing in children. |
| TuPE0094 | THE STEADY STATE PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) OF LOPINAVIR (LPV)/RITONAVIR (RTV) 533/133 MG BID PLUS NEVIRAPINE (NVP) (200 MG BID) IN ADULT HIV-1-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS (THE NRTI SPARING STUDY) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0094 M. Youle1, L. Else2, Z. Cuthbertson1, S. Khoo2, D. Back2 Although there are limitations in comparing PK parameters from different patient groups; all analytical data were processed through the same laboratory. The findings suggest that an increase in LPV/r dose to 533/133 mg (4 capsules bid) is appropriate when co-administered with NVP. We await data for the new formulation of LPV in the presence of NVP. |
| TuPE0095 | INTERACTIONS BETWEEN EFAVIRENZ AND CELLULAR EFFLUX TRANSPORTERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0095 B. Chandler, B. Holmes, O. Janneh, W.S. Kwan, A. Owen, S.H. Khoo, D.J. Back Toxicity and LPV accumulation data suggest EFV inhibits P-gp but not MRP1. However, SQV accumulation data suggest differential effects on the two PIs (both P-gp substrates) which may be explained by alternative substrate binding sites within P-gp. Further, interaction of EFV with other influx/efflux transporters is possible. |
| TuPE0096 | LOPINAVIR CONCENTRATIONS DO NOT DIFFER BETWEEN AFRICAN-AMERICANS AND CAUCASIANS ADMINISTERED ONCE DAILY HIV THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0096 D. Wohl1, P. Menezes1, R. Torres2, K. Vollmer3, B. Taiwo4, C. Golin5, H.-C. Tien6, M. Avots1, D. Haley1, J. Rublein7, C. Klein7, B. Stephenson1, A. Kashuba8 There was no significant difference in LPV exposure when administered once daily with TDF and 3TC among HIV+ African-Americans and Caucasians. Further, this regimen was found to be potent, well-accepted and well-tolerated among African-Americans. |
| TuPE0097 | EFFICACY AND PLASMA DRUG LEVELS OF INDINAVIR WHEN EITHER BOOSTED WITH 100 MG OR WITH FULL DOSE RITONAVIR IN HIV-INFECTED THAI CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0097 N. Plipat1, T.R. Cressey2, N. Vanprapar1, K. Chokephaibulkit1 This study demonstrates that reduced doses of IDV (220 – 300 mg/m2), when either boosted with 100 mg RTV or with full dose RTV, provides adequate IDV therapeutic levels in the majority of patients and can safely be used as salvage therapy. If available, early therapeutic drug monitoring to ensure adequate IDV levels should be encouraged. |
| TuPE0098 | BIOEQUIVALENCE OF THE CO-FORMULATION OF EFAVIRENZ/EMTRICITABINE/TENOFOVIR DF Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0098 A. Mathias, A. Plummer, J. Skillington, J. Hui, J. Hinkle, K. Yale, B. Kearney The co-formulation of EFV/FTC/TDF is bioequivalent to administration of its individual components and represents the first one pill, once-daily complete antiretroviral regimen for the treatment of HIV 1 infection. |
| TuPE0099 | QUANTIFICATION OF INTRACELLULAR EFAVIRENZ IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS BY LC-MS/MS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0099 S. Kato1, R. Tanaka1, H. Hanabusa2, E. Kinai2, M. Negishi3 Intracellular EFV levels are not related with total plasma EFV levels, implying that measurement of intracellular concentrations of EFV may provide further understanding of therapeutic failure and side effects, especially where adequate plasma levels are attained. |
| TuPE0100 | THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING OF ATAZANAVIR (ATV) IN THE FRENCH PROSPECTIVE COHORT "PHARMATAZ" Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0100 T. Lukiana1, J.-M. Poirier2, J.-L. Meynard3, J.-B. Guiard-Schmid1, O. Zouai2, P. Bonnard1, P. Jaillon2, P.-M. Girard3, G. Pialoux1 High inter and intra-patient variability in plasma ATV concentrations observed; ATV Cmin in boosted regimen 5.7 fold higher non boosted regimen; 94% of patients treated with 300/100 mg ATV/RTV achieved therapeutic levels. However, 62% of patients treated with ATV 400 mg qd had low ATV exposure. Therapeutic drug monitoring of ATV should then be used to optimize therapy in unboosted regimen. |
| TuPE0101 | RESULTS OF A PILOT STUDY ON NELFINAVIR ONLINE®, TDM ASSAY OF HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR NELFINAVIR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0101 D. Burger1, T. Berg2, M. Teulen1, C. Claudius2, C. Lawrence3, G. Soriano3, B. Hosein3, I. DomkeD4, M. Jung4 The nelfinavir ONLINE TDM assay* shows good precision, high analytical sensitivity, and comparability to chromatography-based reference methods. The fully automated immunoassay offers fast turnaround time (approx. 10 min), low sample volume (3 ml), and no sample pre-treatment. *This assay is currently in development and has not been approved for use in the US by the FDA. COBAS INTEGRA and ONLINE TDM are trademarks of Roche. |
| TuPE0102 | SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF MDR1, CYP2D6, AND CCR5 ALLELIC VARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH RESPONSE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0102 G. Kriegshaeuser, F. Kury, C. Oberkanins The reverse-hybridization assay described here is rapid (<6h) and linked into a simple format. It is compatible with large-scale screening programmes, and can easily be modified to accomodate an increasing number of mutations/polymorphisms. |
| TuPE0103 | INFLUENCE OF LIVER FIBROSIS ON PLASMA LEVELS OF NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS AND PROTEASE INHIBITORS IN HIV/HCV-CO-INFECTED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0103 N. Simarro, P. Barreiro, S. R-Novoa, A. Rendón, P. Rivas, L. Martín-Carbonero, M. Nuñez, I. Jiménez-Nácher, J. González-Lahoz, V. Soriano All PI and NNRTI are metabolized in the liver. Lower doses could be advisable for patients with hepatic insufficiency. However, little is known on the impact of different degrees of liver fibrosis on plasma levels of these drugs. |
| TuPE0104 | ADHERENCE AND EARLY RESPONSE TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN KENYAN CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0104 D. Wamalwa1, C. Farquhar2, E. Obimbo1, D. Mbori-Ngacha1, B. Richardson3, J. Overbaugh4, G. Wariua1, R. Bosire1, C. Gichuhi5, S. Selig6, G. John-Stewart7 Due to the delayed access to treatment, most HIV-1 infected children enter treatment programs in Africa at very advanced disease stage. Adherence to the WHO recommended NNRTI-based 1st-line HAART regimens is poorly defined in African children. We undertook the present study to define the efficacy of and adherence to HAART in HIV1-infected Kenyan children. |
| TuPE0105 | ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN HIV-INFECTED ADULTS IN JOS, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0105 I.O. Abah1, K. Falang1, A. Finangwai1, P. Iyaji1, L. Wakdet1, O. Agbaji1, G. Imade1, M. Uguru2, J.A. Idoko1, P. Kanki3 High adherence and viral suppression were achieved for a significant proportion of HIV-infected adults taking ART in Jos. Adherence was a major predictor of virologic outcomes at 24weeks. Treatment support partners significantly improved adherence. This study suggests that the high adherence levels required for a successful ART programme can be achieved in a Nigerian cohort. |
| TuPE0106 | STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE PATIENT ADHERENCE WITH HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) – A META ANALYSIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0106 V. Rajasaravanan1, R. Prakash2, S. Manikumar3 A crucial component of the intervention is identification of patient specific barriers to adherence and development of strategies to circumvent those problems. HAART is effective in controlling viral load in many people with HIV. High level of adherence to HAART is needed for prolonged Viral Suppression. |
| TuPE0107 | IMPACT OF HIV CINICAL PHARMACISTS (HCP) ON ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) ADHERENCE AND HIV CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN ARV EXPERIENCED PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0107 M. Horberg1, M. Silverberg1, L. Hurley2, C.J. Kinsman1 HIV clinical pharmacist is associated with significantly improved outcomes dependent on HIV provider panel size. In large practices we found improved adherence and reduced hospital days. In smaller practices, we found improved VL and CD4, and reduced resource utilization of hospital days and office visits. Greater use of HIV clinical pharmacist is warranted. |
| TuPE0108 | METHODS TO ENSURE ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN A FREE ART PROGRAMME IN MUMBAI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0108 N. Borges1, D. Shah2 For ensuring adherence in ART programme, NGO linkages are indispensable. For home visit to be effective, accurate addresses, persistence by health care workers, rapport building and support to the families are essential factors. Diligent and adherence counseling is a necessity for the success of the programme. |
| TuPE0109 | IMPACT OF THE MODEL OF CARE ON ANTIRETROVIRAL ADHERENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0109 D. Pienaar, L. Myer, D. Coetzee, D. Martins, A. Boulle Adherence levels were good across all sites, but different models of adherence support had a significant effect on patients' ARV adherence. In this setting, integrated primary care services appear associated with highest adherence levels. Costeffective adherence support models require careful consideration in the scale-up of public sector ARV services. |
| TuPE0110 | THE "95% ADHERENCE RULE" MAY NOT APPLY TO LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) BASED HAART REGIMENS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0110 J. Shuter1, J.A. Sarlo2, T.J. Kanmaz3, R.A. Rode3, B.S. Zingman4 In this inner-city, treatment-experienced cohort with high baseline HIV-1 VL, rates of virologic failure with LPV/r based therapy were surprisingly low across the range of adherence levels studied. These results challenge the view that very high levels of adherence to all HAART regimens are necessary to avoid virologic failure. |
| TuPE0111 | PREDICTORS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL MEDICATION ADHERENCE AMONG HIV-INFECTED ADOLESCENTS: ADOLESCENT IMPACT COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0111 S. Chandwani1, L.J. Koenig2, S. Abramowitz1, L. Connor3, M. Metcalf4, Y. Peele5, L. Peralta4, Adolescent Impact Compared to BIY taking ART, PIY were younger, in poorer health, had more medication support and greater difficulty with medications. Overall 65% of youth reported full adherence. To achieve tighter virologic control, both BIY and PIY need supplemental adherence support, individualized to address unique adherence barriers. |
| TuPE0112 | ON AN INITIAL ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMEN, NNRTI VS. NON-BOOSTED PI BASED THERAPIES HAVE SIMILAR ADHERENCE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0112 E. Gardner, W. Burman, M. Maravi, C. Rietmeijer, A. Davidson In an unselected naďve clinic population the rate of attainment of HIV-RNA < 400 copies/ml 6 months into therapy was similar in patients receiving NNRTI vs. non-boosted PI based HAART regimens at all adherence levels. Future studies will need to compare the response to initial NNRTI vs. boosted PI HAART regimens. |
| TuPE0113 | RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN SELF-REPORTED ADHERENCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH VIROLOGIC FAILURE ON EFAVIRENZ (EFV)-CONTAINING REGIMENS FOR INITIAL HIV THERAPY: RESULTS FROM ACTG A5095 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0113 B. Schackman1, H. Ribaudo2, A. Krambrink2, V. Hughes3, D. Kuritzkes4, R. Gulick3, ACTG A5095 Protocol Team There is evidence of an adherence-race interaction over time on EFV-containing regimens, with a greater effect of non-adherence on VF with blacks than whites. |
| TuPE0114 | OPTIMIZING MEASUREMENT OF SELF-REPORTED ADHERENCE WITH THE AIDS CLINICAL TRIALS GROUP (ACTG) ADHERENCE QUESTIONNAIRE: A CROSS PROTOCOL ANALYSIS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0114 N. Reynolds1, J. Sun2, H. Nagaraja3, M. Chesney4, DACS205D Team A superior assessment of adherence may be obtained with the questionnaire by using more items and the method used in this analysis. Findings suggest the ACTG questionnaire has a 2-factor structure that is strongly associated with RNA outcome and compares favorably with MEMS indices. The analysis needs to be replicated. |
| TuPE0115 | ANTIRETROVIRAL ADHERENCE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN A REFERENCE CENTER IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0115 L.F. Barreto Filho1, S. Nogueira1, E. Machado2, T. Abreu3, R.H. Oliveira3, C.B. Hofer1 Adherence rates among adolescents were higher than expected. Factors associated with lack of ARTs knowledge (recognize their picture, carry an extra dose, HCW taught how to take their medicines), as well as lack of a social support (not having a religion) were associated with lack of adherence. Interventions approaching these factors should be pursued. |
| TuPE0116 | SEVERE ANXIETY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR NON-ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) AMONG HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN BRAZIL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0116 L. Campos, M.D.C. Guimarães The present study demonstrated the importance of severe anxiety as a risk factor for non-adherence. Early assessment of anxiety symptoms before initiating ART may help identify target population for specific intervention (e.g. counseling, psychotherapy, medication) and potentially improve adherence to ART. |
| TuPE0117 | EFFECTS OF DEPRESSION AND SSRI USE ON ADHERENCE AND HIV CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS TAKING COMBINATION ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (CART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0117 M. Horberg1, M. Silverberg1, L. Hurley2, W. Towner3, D. Klein4, S. Bersoff-Matcha5, W. Weinberg6, D. Antoniskis7, M. Mogyoros8, W. Dodge9, R. Dobrinich10, D. Kovach11 Untreated depression is associated with significantly reduced cART adherence and not statistically significant decreased viral control and lower CD4 count at 12 months. Interestingly, SSRI use in these patients is associated with marginally better adherence than the reference population, but significantly worse viral load and CD4 outcomes, suggesting potential treatment selection bias and requiring further study. |
| TuPE0118 | SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON HAART OUTCOMES AMONG ACTIVE INJECTION DRUG USERS: THE ROLE OF INFORMAL CAREGIVERS, HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS AND NETWORKS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0118 A. Knowlton1, J. Arnsten2, M. Gourevitch3, L. Eldred4, J. Wilkinson5, C. Dawson-Rose6, A. Buchanan7, D. Purcell8, & the INSPIRE team The findings suggest that to improve IDUs' effective HAART use, interventions are needed to promote informal HIV caregiving and social comfort in medication taking within IDUs' social networks and households, and to provide assistance to IDUs living alone. Such social environmental interventions may help reduce disparities in IDUs' HAART outcomes. The study findings contribute to theoretical understandings of influences on effective HAART use among IDUs. |
| TuPE0119 | ACTIVE TRACING OF ART PATIENTS LOST TO FOLLOW-UP AT LIGHTHOUSE SHOWS THAT FEW 'STOPPED' TREATMENT FOR THEIR OWN REASONS, BUT MANY HAVE DIED Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0119 M. Hochgesang1, A. Kuyenda2, M. Hosseinipour3, S. Phiri2, R. Weigel4, E. Mhango2, B. Nkhwazi2, M. Boxshall2 Active Tracing of ART defaulters revealed that a large proportion had died; few had 'stopped' treatment. ART defaulters remain a concern and prompted the roll out of an active tracing "Back2Care" program at Lighthouse. |
| TuPE0120 | EXISTENCE OF INTERMEDIATE ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) ADHERENCE THRESHOLDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRUG RESISTANCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0120 J. Raffa1, H. Tossonian2, J. Grebely2, S. DeVlaming3, B. Conway2 Patients who exhibited rates of adherence within this intermediate threshold (80 – 90%) developed genotypic mutations at a higher rate than those adhering above and below this threshold. This data is suggestive that an intermediate adherence threshold (80 – 90%) may be important in the development of resistance and may explain the higher rates of virologic failure at this adherence level. |
| TuPE0121 | DRUG USE AND ALCOHOL INTAKE HAVE THE GREATEST NEGATIVE IMPACT ON TREATMENT ADHERENCE AT A NEW YORK STATE SUBURBAN HOSPITAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0121 H. Pahlevan-Sabbagh, J. Verley, G. Feleke In our patient population, 49% of enrollees failed to graduate despite intensive efforts. Alcohol intake and drug use had the greatest negative impact on treatment adherence, followed by lack of permanent housing and belief in HIV treatment. In this study depression and low household income did not differ in the two groups. |
| TuPE0122 | DEPRESSION ONSET IS ASSOCIATED WITH POORER HAART ADHERENCE: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS FROM THE NUTRITION FOR HEALTHY LIVING (NFHL) STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0122 D. Kacanek1, D.L. Jacobson2, D.L. Spiegelman3, C. Wanke2, R. Isaac2, J. Fauntleroy2, I.B. Wilson4 In this study we examined incident depression and established a temporal relationship between depression onset and subsequent non-adherence. Ongoing aggressive screening for, and treatment of, depression may improve HAART outcomes. |
| TuPE0123 | DOES ENFUVIRTIDE PERCEPTION CHANGE WHEN PATIENTS USED IT? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0123 N. Terrail1, S. Guessant2, V. Dubois1, M. Lebeschu1, F. Senhadj2, P. Seng Long2, J. Reynes3, M.E. Mars Kallee4, A. Becker2, S. Hansel1 In our study the perception of enfuvirtide, the first injectable antiretroviral, proves to be better at M1 than patients expectation. So, clinicians should be less hesitant to prescribe this new drug. However further studies are needed in order to evaluate the impact of patients' information, training and multidisciplinary follow-up on compliance and acceptance. |
| TuPE0124 | AN OPERATIONALIZED SIMPLE ADHERENCE ASSESSMENT PREDICTS FUTURE VIRAL FAILURE AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING AN URBAN U.S. HIV CARE CLINIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0124 S. Chang1, B. Gripshover2, M. Kuchia2, A.K. Sethi3 A simple, one-item assessment of adherence to HAART can be easily operationalized in an urban U.S. HIV care clinic. Using this simple tool, clinic staff can predict future virologic failure in patients receiving HAART. It is during this window of opportunity in which an intervention can be employed to improve patient adherence before virologic failure occurs. |
| TuPE0125 | PREDICTORS OF ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL MEDICATIONS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0125 P. Williams1, D. Storm2, G. Montepiedra1, S. Nichols3, B. Kammerer4, P. Sirois5, J. Farley6, K. Malee7, and the PACTG 219C Study Team Rates of self-reported adherence were relatively high and were influenced by multiple child and family characteristics. These findings identify targets for adherence interventions and highlight the importance of evaluating and supporting the family/social environment to optimize adherence. |
| TuPE0126 | A MULTIFACETED PEER SUPPORT INTERVENTION PROMOTES ANTIRETROVIRAL ADHERENCE: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0126 S. Mannheimer1, J. Franks1, B. Diamond2, S. Findley3, Y. Hirsch-Moverman1, P. Colson1, W. El-Sadr1 This study found a significant adherence benefit from a peer support intervention. Results suggest the need for interventions that address depression in similar HIV populations. |
| TuPE0127 | CHANGES IN ADHERENCE TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0127 M. Lazo1, S.J. Gange1, T.E. Wilson2, D.E. Ostrow3, M. Witt4, L.P. Jacobson1 In these United States cohorts, use of recreational drugs, including alcohol, hindered improvement of adherence and, furthermore predicted decreasing adherence among women who were initially high adherers. Regimen type and clinical problems also influenced adherence modifications. Slight differences in predictors of changing adherence between cohorts suggest the need of gender-specific considerations in planning interventions. |
| TuPE0128 | LOST PATIENTS IN ROUTINE CLINICAL FOLLOW-UP: DATA AND ORGANISATION OF THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IN MULTICULTURAL POPULATION IN FRANCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0128 F. Hejoaka-Guillemot In routine clinical follow-up, the importance of LTF patients is a public healthcare problem. The results show the need for formalised and systematic practices favouring identification, prevention and reintegration of patients in clinical follow-up. |
| TuPE0129 | ANALYZING MEDICATION ADHERENCE MEASUREMENT TOOLS IN PREDICTING ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0129 J. Nwokike1, G. Steel2, M. Joshi3 ART programs need to reliably monitor client adherence, but validated measurement tools are lacking for resource-constrained sites. Based on this analysis, we identified simple self-report questionnaires, pill counting, and visual analog scales as the best potential adherence measurement tools for resource-constrained settings. In settings where these tools have not been tested and calibrated, a multimodal adherence measurement tool is recommended. RPM Plus is using these results to develop a multimodal tool for use in ART clinics in South Africa, with possible applications in other resource-constrained settings. |
| TuPE0130 | PREDICTORS OF MEDICATION RESPONSIBILITY AND ADHERENCE IN YOUTH WITH PERINATALLY ACQUIRED HIV: RESULTS FROM PACTG 1042S Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0130 S. Nichols1, G. Montepiedra2, K. Malee3, B. Kammerer4, P. Sirois5, C. Elgie6, J. Lindsey2, J. Farley7, P1042s Protocol Team These results underscore the complex and multifactorial nature of treatment adherence in adolescents and identify relevant factors for predicting adherence and targeting interventions in clinical settings. The difference between the two measures of adherence in their estimates of participant adherence and in their relationship to other study variables raises important issues regarding measurement of adherence for clinical trials. |
| TuPE0131 | CORRELATES OF ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL MEDICATIONS IN CHINESE HIV-INFECTED PERSONS IN HONG KONG Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0131 I. Chan1, A. Au2, P. Li3, R. Chung1, P. Yu1, M.P. Lee3 Adherence to HAART was high among Chinese HIV-infected persons in Hong Kong. Compared to the demographic profile of HIV patients in the West, our patients were less likely to have a history of IV drug use and alcohol use. In addition, having the belief in the potency of HAART and good knowledge to the consequence of non-adherence were likely to be factors that contributed to adherence. These findings shed light on the design of intervention program of drug adherence for HIV patients. |
| TuPE0132 | ADHERENCE TO HAART: THE ROLE OF HEALTH CARE WORKERS IN MAKURDI, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0132 V.N. Shaahu, T.O. Lawoyin, A.O. Sangowawa Health-workers' attitude and support is crucial for ensuring adherence to ARV in Makurdi and efforts must be made to provide them with the necessary skills to practice optimally. Counseling during home visits should be added for those who want it as this is likely to promote adherence to HAART in this community. |
| TuPE0133 | IMPROVING ADHERENCE TO ART IN RESOURCE CONSTRAINED SETTING: THE ROLE OF ADHERENCE SUPPORT WORKERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0133 K. Torpey1, C. Thompson1, L. Stuart2, L. Mutale1, C. Shumba1, N. Lamson1 There is the need to expand the deployment of adequately trained non-health workers to assist the understaffed health facilities to offer adherence counseling, CT and PMTCT to complement efforts of health care workers. |
| TuPE0134 | FACTORS FACILITATING AND CONSTRAINING ADHERENCE TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) AMONG ADULTS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN JINJA, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0134 A. Nakiyemba1, D.A. Aurugai2, C.J. Bakwesegha3, T. Oyabba3, R. Kwasa4 These results show that high levels of adherence can be achieved in African countries with adequate adherence support. However, more attention should focus on ensuring full adherence using the recommendations listed above. |
| TuPE0135 | OLDER AGE, THERAPY ADHERENCE, COMORBIDITIES AND VARIABLE RESPONSE TO ANTIRETROVIRALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0135 M. Silverberg1, W. Leyden1, M. Horberg1, G. Delorenze1, D. Klein2, C. Quesenberry1 Higher adherence among patients ≥50 years compensates for the early blunted CD4 response and accounts for the improved early virologic response. |
| TuPE0136 | ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AMONG CHILDREN IN MULAGO HOSPITAL IN UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0136 N. Nabukeera1, A. Kekitiinwa2, I. Kalyesubula2, P. Musoke2 Adherence levels were different while using different measures. Only about 3 out of 4 children were found to have >95% adherence using unannounced pill counts. Children whose caregivers had not revealed the child's HIV serostatus to anyone were three times more likely to have less than 95% adherence. Children who had been hospitalized 2 or more times before starting HAART were more likely to adhere to treatment. |
| TuPE0137 | PATIENTS' BELIEFS ABOUT HAART PREDICT BOTH TREATMENT ADHERENCE AND VIROLOGIC TREATMENT RESPONSE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0137 P. Nieuwkerk1, M. Locadia2, ATHENA study group Our findings suggest that interventions to improve adherence to HAART should focus on patients' implicit beliefs about the need for HAART, in addition to commonly addressed barriers such as forgetfulness. |
| TuPE0138 | WHAT ITEM IS MOST ACCURATE FOR SELF-REPORT OF 30-DAY ANTIRETROVIRAL ADHERENCE? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0138 M. Lu1, W. Rogers1, W. Coady1, S. Safran2, P. Skolnik3, H. Hardy3, I. Wilson1 In rigorous testing, the RATING item was superior, showing no over reporting of adherence compared with MEMS. Careful testing would be required before generalizing these finding to non-English speaking settings. |
| TuPE0139 | PREDICTORS OF HAART ADHERENCE AMONG WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0139 N. Christofides, R. DiClemente, G. Wingood, D. Lang, L. DePadilla, K. Dunkle Providers need to consider the full range of potential medical and social complexities in the lives of women living with HIV when prescribing medicine and encouraging adherence. Spirituality and personal control may provide purpose in women's lives. While poor health may be a motivator to sustain medication adherence, length of time-since-diagnosis may lead to treatment fatigue and lack of motivation. |
| TuPE0140 | THE IMPACT OF NON-ADHERENCE ON HOSPITALIZATIONS IN A CANADIAN COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED ANTIRETROVIRAL NAIVE PATIENTS STARTING HAART: DOES IT MAKE A DIFFERENCE? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0140 S. Fielden1, B. Yip2, M. Rusch2, S. Guillemi2, E. Wood2, K. Shannon2, J. Montaner2, A. Levy2, R. Hogg2 Sub-optimal adherence among HIV-infected patients taking HAART is an important predictor of future hospitalization. Identifying and addressing mediating factors early in treatment may prevent progression of disease and the high cost of inpatient visits. |
| TuPE0141 | PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE ACCEPTABILITY OF ASSESSMENTS OF HIV MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN LILONGWE, MALAWI AND CHENNAI, INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0141 S. Safren1, N. Kumarasamy2, M. Hosseinipour3, M. Harwood4, I. Hoffman5, M. McCauley6, A. Jumbe7, C. Nyirenda7, M. Mimiaga, S. Solomon2, D. Celentano8, K. Mayer9 Innovative ways of monitoring adherence while maintaining standardization across sites are required in multi-site trials. |
| TuPE0142 | HISTORY OF DEPRESSION, BUT NOT SCHIZOPHRENIA OR MANIC EPISODES, IS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY ART DISCONTINUATION AMONG THE HIV+ HOMELESS AND MARGINALLY HOUSED Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0142 E.D. Riley, D. Guzman, S.D. Weiser, R. Clark, D.R. Bangsberg Among San Francisco's HIV-infected homeless and marginally housed, 21% discontinued treatment. Even in a population with high rates of severe mental illness, depression is still the preeminent barrier to sustained treatment. These data suggest that routine screening and treatment for depression may improve sustained antiretroviral treatment and survival among the homeless and marginally housed. |
| TuPE0143 | A COMMUNITY-BASED CONTACT TRACING PROGRAM FOR PATIENTS ENROLLED IN A DISTRICT-WIDE PROGRAM FOR ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0143 D. Krebs1, B. Chi1, Y. Mulenga2, R. Cantrell1, J. Levy1 Despite the availability of free ART in Lusaka, there are still many barriers to adhering to visit schedules. This community-based program to trace patients after missed visits improved follow-up rates modestly. Further operations research is needed to assess optimal strategies for outreach and its cost-effectiveness. |
| TuPE0144 | CLINICIAN-INITIATED TELEPHONE FOLLOW-UP IMPROVES VIROLOGIC OUTCOMES IN AN HIV OUTPATIENT CLINIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0144 H.L. Cox1, J.W. Johnson2, J.C. Williamson2, G.B. Russell3, A.M. Wilkin2 A simple strategy of clinician-initiated phone calls after ART initiation can improve the rate of VL suppression and uncover barriers to adherence and success. |
| TuPE0145 | IMPROVEMENT OF IMMUNOLOGIC AND VIROLOGIC MARKERS IN LOW COMPLIANT HIV POPULATION BY DRUG DISPENSING (DD) AT THE CLINIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0145 K. Riesenberg, M. Alkan, A. Borer, R. Smolikov, E. Karp, Y. Gilad, F. Schlaeffer The introduction of a dedicated pharmacist in the HIV clinic and the DD at visits considerably improved immunologic and virologic response probably due to an improvement of adherence. This positive effect seems to last over the years. This approach seems to be mostly appropriate for clinics treating low compliant populations. |
| TuPE0146 | GROUP ADHERENCE COUNSELING SESSION FOR PATIENTS ON ARVS TO SUPPORT LONG TERM ADHERENCE: EXPERIENCE AT LIGHTHOUSE CLINIC, LILONGWE, MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0146 J. Chiwoko1, J. Okonsky2, E. Makwecha3, D. Msona3, D. Chiunguzeni4, E. Mhango1, R. Weigel1, M. Boxshall1, S. Phiri1 Since adherence has to be mastered in face of increasing patient numbers it is essential to identify and refine appropriate tools to promote adherence in the routine. Group sessions are promising, and minimize the workload of health staff, but further investigations to assess the impact on adherence and outcomes in patients long-term on ARVs are needed. |
| TuPE0147 | A NONRANDOMIZED LARGE PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE INJECTION DEVICES (BIOJECTOR® 2000 (B2000), STANDARD NEEDLES/SYRINGES, OR INSULIN NEEDLES/SYRINGES) FOR ENFUVIRTIDE (ENF) IN A NATIONAL COMMUNITY-BASED SPECIALTY PHARMACY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0147 S. Tschida1, A. Zappa2, M. Godwin1 The B2000 demonstrated high levels of persistency, tolerability, and patient satisfaction and represents an alternative to standard needle/syringe administration of ENF. |
| TuPE0148 | CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMENS RELATED TO ADHERENCE: OBSERVATIONS FROM 16 AREAS IN THE UNITED STATES, 2000 – 2004 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0148 P. Sullivan, M. Campsmith, G. Nakamura, E. Begley, J. Schulden, A. Nakashima Non-adherence was higher among persons prescribed more ARV drugs, among persons prescribed PI-based regimens, and among persons with longer histories of ARV prescription. Clinicians should use this knowledge of patient and ARV characteristics that are associated with lower adherence to prioritize which patients to monitor most closely for adherence and to offer more frequent adherence interventions. |
| TuPE0149 | ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AMONG TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS AT A COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER IN CHENNAI, SOUTH INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0149 K.K. Kirti1, P. Koorapati1, S. Singh2, S.S. Solomon1, A.J. Cecelia1, S. Solomon1, K.H. Mayer3 Those who received ART for free are most adherent. Self-reported adherence showed higher levels of adherence than pharmacy records. Regardless of the payment tiers, there was a significant difference among those who self-reported adherence through one-month and three-day recall. More accurate measures of adherence need to be identified. |
| TuPE0150 | FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ADHERENCE TO HIV MEDICATIONS IN HOMELESS OR UNSTABLY HOUSED PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0150 S. Royal1, S. Cohn2, J. Kwait1, D. Kidder3, R. Wolitski3, R. Stall4, A. Aidala5, D. Holtgrave6 Our data suggest that overall adherence to HIV medications in this population is similar to other groups. Coexisting problems of access to health care, poor mental health, substance use, along with poorer attitudes toward treatment are associated with increased likelihood of missing doses. Comprehensive models of HIV care that include a continuum of medical and social services are essential for treating this population. |
| TuPE0151 | A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF BARRIERS & FACILITATORS TO ADHERENCE IN AN ART PROGRAMME IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0151 M. Dahab1, S. Charalambous2, R. Hamilton2, K. Fielding3, J. Tsimele2, N. Dube2, N. Govender4, T. Puso2, T. Dwadwa2, K. Kielmann3, S. Churchyard2, A. Grant3 Lower educational level, dissatisfaction with clinic services and possibly a poor understanding of how ART works were associated with poor adherence. A surprisingly high proportion of ART patients in this population reported uncertainty that HIV existed and/or that they were HIV-infected. Further investigation of factors associated with poor adherence is warranted. |
| TuPE0152 | POSITIVE PATIENT ADHERENCE AND SATISFACTION USING A NOVEL NURSING SUPPORT PROGRAM AS PART OF ENFUVIRTIDE THERAPY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0152 E. Sweeney1, N. Johnson2, M. DeSpirito3, B. Greer3 Nurse Connections showed high enfuvirtide persistency and high program satisfaction. Through utilization of this inhome nurse support and personalized patient education program, patients have been able to overcome self-injection anxiety and injection site management issues, making them amenable to initiating and remaining on ENF therapy. |
| TuPE0153 | DETERMINANTS OF ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS AMONG PLWHA IN LIVING HOPE CARE, ILESA, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0153 M.O. Afolabi1, I. Fakande2 There is need to mitigate factors that adversely affected adherence and promote those that have positive effects on it. Adequate information is also needed to improve the knowledge and attitudes of PLWHA towards ARV. |
| TuPE0154 | DETERMINING THE FEASIBILITY OF UTILIZING THE MICROBICIDE APPLICATOR USAGE ASSAY IN CLINICAL TRIALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0154 D. Phillips1, A. Wallace1, A. Teitelbaum1, L. Wan2, L. Guichard1, R. Maguire1 The study demonstrates that the assay is safe and feasible for implementation in the clinical settings. |
| TuPE0155 | THE BENEFITS OF TREATMENT EDUCATION AND ADHERENCE COUNSELING SERVICES IN A MULTIDISCPLINARY HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0155 T. McPhatter While numerous reports have suggested that patients are reticent to talk with their physicians about adherence, this observational study directly obtained information to support this finding. Continued research which correlates clinical findings with behavioral issues to teach us how to best meet client needs and facilitating good communication is what is required to deliver an effective adherence program. |
| TuPE0156 | MEDICATION REFILL CARDS PREDICT VIROLOGIC FAILURE IN BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0156 G. Bisson1, A. Robertson1, R. Weinstein1, G. Lesetedi2, G. Tirelo3, T. Gaolathe3, R. Gross1 By demonstrating a strong association with response, we have shown medication refill cards containing refill dates, doses dispensed, and doses remaining at refill to be a valid measure of adherence. This adherence measurement method may be useful for predicting virologic response in resource-constrained settings. Relatively high levels of adherence were nevertheless associated with virologic failure in Botswana. Efforts to maintain very high levels of adherence should remain a priority in this setting. |
| TuPE0157 | ADHERENCE COUNSELLING PROMOTES HIGH LEVELS OF HAART ADHERENCE AND OTHER POSITIVE BEHAVIOUR CHANGES IN ZIMBABWE'S NATIONAL ART PROGRAM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0157 K. Hatzold1, N. Taruberekera2, N. Al-Alawi3 A combined package of preparatory and ongoing adherence counselling maintained remarkably high treatment adherence levels beyond 18 months of treatment initiation in this urban Zimbabwean population. Ongoing counselling impacts on self reported positive changes in behaviour, including condom use with spouse and regular support group attendance, and should therefore be promoted as an effective tool to prevent HIV transmission through patients on HAART. |
| TuPE0158 | SOMETIMES I JUST RUN OUT: DELAYS IN PRESCRIPTION REFILLS AS A RISK FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIV DRUG RESISTANCE IN INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0158 M. Ekstrand1, S. Chandy2, M. Gandhi3, W. Stewart1, G. Singh2 Baseline data show high rates of detectable viral loads on ART in this setting despite high self-reported adherence rates. Missed doses due to delays in prescription refills were common and may explain some of the detectability in viral load. These high rates of virologic failure are also concerning for emerging drug resistance. 90% of the patients took NNRTI-based regimens, which are more affordable in developing world settings but have a lower genetic barrier to resistance. Better measures of prescription refill delays and virologic studies for ARV resistance are urgently needed to examine these issues. |
| TuPE0159 | EFFICACY & SAFETY OF AN IMMUNOMODULATORY AYURVEDIC MEDICINE AS A PRE-HAART OPTION: 5-YEAR LONGITUDINAL MULTICENTRIC STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0159 V. Pandey1, K. Mohanty2, A. Deshpande3, A. Pazare4, D. Saple5, S. Vaidya6 Reimun safe & well tolerated without any significant untoward effect, showed sustained clinical as well as immunological improvement over study period. Reimun appears to be a useful pre-HAART treatment option in preserving immune function. |
| TuPE0160 | DELIVERING INTEGRATIVE CARE: HIGHLIGHTS OF INTEGRATING COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE PRACTICE INTO SIX HIV/AIDS CLINICAL INSTITUTIONAL SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0160 K. Porter1, E. Sommers2 It is possible to develop integrative medical programs directed toward special populations. By integrating services and collaborating with other agencies, as well as utilizing quality assurance methods, seamless high quality services can be offered to clients that provide a continuum of care. |
| TuPE0161 | PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION BETWEEN ITRACONAZOLE AND NEVIRAPINE IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0161 S. Jaruratanasirikul, S. Sriwiriyajan Nevirapine has a strong inducing effect on the metabolism of itraconazole,but itraconazole has no effect on the metabolism of nevirapine. |
| TuPE0162 | HOSPITALIZATIONS FOR HIV/AIDS IN CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0162 K. Leeb, A. Jokovic, A. Baibergenova, K. Baldota Despite decreasing hospitalizations, HIV/AIDS patients contribute significantly to the use of acute care facilities for care that doctors indicate could be managed elsewhere. This suggests there are missed opportunities for providing health services for HIV/AIDS patients in non-hospital settings. |
| TuPE0163 | QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF HIV CARE IN THAILAND THROUGH THE HIVQUAL-T MODEL, 2002-2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0163 S. Supawitkul Despite national guidelines, coverage for key aspects of HIV care was low at the onset of QI implementation. Performance measurement results have stimulated not only local QI projects, but also new national policies facilitating CD4 and Pap testing. Application of the performance measurement and QI process to a wide range of HIV care services should be considered. Integration of HIVQUAL-T into the Thai hospital accreditation system is currently being planned to facilitate national expansion and sustainability. |
| TuPE0164 | REASONS FOR HOSPITAL ADMISSION FOR PATIENTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0164 L. Pemba1, S. Charalambous1, C. Sefuthi2, S. Senoge1, J. Whetham1, M. Bogoshi3, K. Fielding4, A. Grant4, G. Churchyard5 A quarter of all patients initiating ART required hospitalization, most within the first 4 months. TB and respiratory infections were the predominant diagnoses. Opportunities to prevent opportunistic infections may be missed among individuals starting ART and health care providers should ensure appropriate preventive therapies are provided. |
| TuPE0165 | SPURIOUS VIRAL LOAD RESULTS AND THE USE OF PLASMA PREPARATION TUBES (PPT) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0165 S. Szabo1, C. James1, A. Joseph2, M.C. Steinhaus1, K. McNelis1, A. Bincsik1 The use of PPT resulted in frequently observed detectable viremia. These spurious measurements led to an increase in utilization of resources as evidenced by the performance of unnecessary genotypic resistance assays, treatment modifications and clinic visits. Falsely detectable viremia also contributed to increased anxiety among patients as well as health care providers. |
| TuPE0166 | MAKING A DIFFERENCE: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY ASSESSING "QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ART PATIENTS" IN BATTAMBANG HOSPITAL, CAMBODIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0166 T. Prombuth1, G. Morineau2, A. Mathew2, D. Prybylski3 Patients receiving ART reveal better health including mental health, and feel more capable to execute daily tasks. In addition, PLHA receiving ART found it easier to disclose their sero-status to their family and also reported less discrimination from family over the 6 months period. |
| TuPE0167 | EVOLVING PATTERN OF HOSPITAL RESOURCE UTILIZATION BY HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS AS THEY ENGAGE WITH A HOSPITAL-BASED OUTPATIENT HIV CLINIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0167 R. Barrios1, S. Guillemi1, E. Grafstein2, C. Lai3, T. Kerr3, R.S. Hogg3, J. Montaner3 Our results demonstrate a decrease in the overall acuity of visits to the ED and a pronounced decrease in hospital admission rates after enrolment with the hospital based HIV Clinic. |
| TuPE0168 | PAIN IN 392 URBAN HIV-POSITIVE OUTPATIENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0168 N. Mphahlele, D. Mitchell, P. Kamerman Pain is as prevalent in South African HIV-positive outpatients, as in European and North American patients, and managed even worse. |
| TuPE0169 | ARV (ANTIRETROVIRAL) ERROR REDUCTION AND IMPROVED ARV ADHERENCE IN THE HOSPITAL SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0169 A. Odwin-Clarke, M. Policar MD A Nurse Practitoner dedicated to the evaluation of ARV in HIV-infected inpatients contributed to a 50% reduction in ARV prescribing errors. This was accomplished by developing a concrete system of communication between Medicine, Nursing and Pharmacy staff about inpatient ARV therapy. |
| TuPE0170 | CHANGING HIV MORTALITY RATE AND CAUSES OF DEATH AMONG PERSONS WITH HIV INFECTION BEFORE AND AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF HAART IN BARBADOS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0170 K. Kilaru1, A. Kumar2, S. Forde3, T. Roach4 HIV specific death rates have declined significantly since the introduction of HAART. However, death rates from HIV continues to contribute significantly to the over all premature death among adults in Barbados, mainly because of the late presentation. Opportunistic infections continues to be a common cause of deaths, however, the pattern of causes of death is changing. |
| TuPE0171 | AN EVAULATION OF A MORPHINE PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMME FOR AIDS AND CANCER PAIN IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0171 D. Logie1, R. Harding2 The Ugandan porgramme is a successful model in achieving community use of oral morphine and should be copied by other countries. Laws which limit clinical use need to be changed. Further work should be done to ensure continous supplies at District level, adequate training, and long-tern support for palliative care staff. |
| TuPE0172 | IMPROVING THE PALLIATIVE CARE OF SICK CHILDREN: DEVELOPING AND TESTING PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0172 L. Richter1, T. Rochat1, L. Govender1, N. Rollins2 Health care professionals and caregivers have a major contribution to make in finding practical and sustainable solutions to the challenges presented by the palliative care of children living with HIV/AIDS. Identified approaches also afford opportunities to improve the care of all children with chronic illness in resource poor settings. The findings demonstrate how empathy can be restored with simple interventions which humanize the relationships and care between children, caregivers and professional staff. |
| TuPE0173 | DELIVERING PALLIATIVE CARE FOR CHILDREN LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN RESOURCE LIMITED SETTINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0173 S.A. Namaganda1, P. Ondoga2 Increased services to provide palliative care for children with living HIV/AIDS, especially in RLS where many are orphans. Health care professionals be trained to improve understanding of palliative care. among health care professionals and training in palliative care should be provided for children's carers. Community involvement and sensitisation on the benefits of palliative care. |
| TuPE0174 | VALIDATING TERMINAIDS (TERMINALITY IN AIDS SCORE): APPLICABILITY AT THE DYING MOMENT OF AIDS-PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0174 E.M. Aires, R. Bammann, R. Cruz, S.R. Miura Medical assistance to the dying moment of HIV-patients at IIER seems to be based on rather subjective impressions favouring questionable terminality. Although retrospective and only compared to subjective impressions, this study is part of a broader validation program of a simple and objective score system intended to recognize terminally ill AIDS patients focusing on clinical evidences. TERMINAIDS may help as a guideline towards solid criteria in palliative care decisions in addition to common sense and humanity. |
| TuPE0175 | VALIDATION OF THE MISSOULA-VITAS QUALITY OF LIFE INSTRUMENT AMONG PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED AIDS DISEASE IN URBAN KAMPALA, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0175 E. Namisango1, E. Katabira2, C. Karamagi3, P. Baguma4 There is preliminary evidence that the MVQOLI-M is an acceptable, valid and reliable QOL measure among patients with advanced AIDS disease. Study results also confirm the robustness of QOL constructs and further emphasize the importance of reflecting the patient's sense of personhood and meaning of life in advanced illness. This justifies the importance of the transcendence domain in QOL in advanced illness. |
| TuPE0176 | EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS OF A DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF DRONABINOL FOR NAUSEA IN HIV+/AIDS PATIENTS RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0176 C. Cohen1, L. Barbato2, A. Shapira2, F. Carter2, V. Baranowski2 Patient adherence is a determinant of success on HAART. Nausea is one of the prominent side effects reported with HAART and can impede patient adherence. A double-blind, randomized pilot study was conducted exploring the efficacy of dronabinol in treating nausea in HIV+/AIDS subjects. |
| TuPE0177 | PALLIATIVE CARE IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN A HIGH HIV/AIDS PREVALENCE SETTING IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0177 N. Dinat Multiple pains and symptoms were common in this population. The nurse clinician led palliative team were able to ameliorate many of the physical pain and symptoms. Appropriate measures to assess impact of other domains of palliative care are urgently required. |
| TuPE0178 | PATIENT AND FAMILY PREFERENCES AND EXPECTANCIES FOR END-OF-LIFE AND PALLIATIVE CARE IN UNDERSERVED POPULATIONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0178 V.H. Raveis1, P. Selwyn2, K. Frederickson3 This investigation informs critical gaps in the knowledge base on the dying process. Comprehensive consideration of end-of-life issues needs to encompass patients' values, preferences and life experiences in the context of their relationships and family environment. Issues that are paramount to patients and families are complex and interdependent. A clearer understanding of them can enhance communication and shared decision-making between the health care team, familial caregivers and the patient. |
| TuPE0179 | NURSING OUTREACH TO MARGINALIZED AIDS PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0179 S. Giles, E. Brennan As the mutually reinforcing epidemics of cocaine abuse supported by a wide open illicit drug market and HIV/HVC continue to hammer the residents of the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver BC the rate of HIV is 31% and HVC is 91%. Street involved folks in the area that have advanced AIDS (CD4 below 50) grow in number even while the percentage accessing health care services for management of their fatal disease remains dangerously - for themselves and the community - low. Since many do not consider seeking health services, even when near death, most care begins when the situation is already deep in crisis. |
| TuPE0180 | APPLICATION OF THE IMPROVEMENT COLLABORATIVE TO THE DESIGN OF A MODEL SYSTEM FOR HIV/AIDS TREATMENT, CARE AND SUPPORT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0180 V. Boguslavsky, Quality Assurance Project The demonstrated improvements have achieved the levels of practice that is sustainable and ready for a scale up. The improvement collaborative approach has been proven to be effective for coordinating vertical systems where local budgets are fragmented, nationally regulated and limited. |
| TuPE0181 | COMMUNITY PROVISION OF PALLIATIVE CARE FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH AIDS IN RURAL NORTHEAST, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0181 O. Nwando1, A. Amali1, C. Okpara2 Establishment of strong networks with health and support service staff in the volunteer's area is important. There is an urgent need for more effective pain relief that can be easily administered of community level in North-East Nigeria. |
| TuPE0182 | AIDS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PALLIATIVE CARE IN ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0182 T. Meade1, S. Robertson1, S. Mill1, M. Nkandu1, F. Mwangi-Powell2, M. Nowakowski3, L. Lovick4, M. Mubanga5, V. Mutonga6 The AIDS pandemic in Southern Africa continues to necessitate strong palliative care programs, even in places where such programs have previously been unstructured. Through the twinning of a regional palliative care leader with a fledgling national program, PCAZ has begun to promote a broader range of treatment services in hospice, clinic, and home-based care settings. |
| TuPE0183 | CHALLENGES FACING THE DELIVERY OF A COMPREHENSIVE CARE PACKAGE TO CHILDREN AT THE MILDMAY CENTRE. HEALTHY WORKERS' PERSPECTIVE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0183 M. Tumusiime Health workers caring for people Living with HIV/AIDS should have a wide range of knowledge and skills to be able to identify the care needs of clients if the clients are to have a comprehensive care package. |
| TuPE0184 | ART INITIATION FOR CHILDREN WITH ADVANCED DISEASE: OUTCOMES UNDER SPECIALIST PAEDIATRIC PALLIATIVE CARE IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0184 H. Dippenaar1, J. Marston2, R. Harding3 Modern palliative care offers specialist management of complex physical and psychosocial problems in HIV disease, and this innovative service applies specialist paediatric assessment and symptom control to children with poor prognoses. Outcome data demonstrate good clinical response in this population, and as ART becomes increasingly available, paediatric palliative care offers potential for initiation and maintenance among children for whom outcomes may have previously been projected as unfavourable. |
| TuPE0185 | DEVELOPING A HIV/AIDS PALLIATIVE CARE MODEL IN ONE OF THE BIGGEST REGIONS IN RUSSIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0185 G. Moshkovich1, E. Vvedenskaya2 A multidisciplinary model, which incorporates HIV, tuberculosis and end-of-life care expertise, both inpatient and home care, is a replicable example of comprehensive palliative/hospice care delivery for people living with HIV/AIDS in the region. The project's experience is very important for further palliative care development in different regions across the country. |
| TuPE0186 | DEVELOPMENT OF THE APCA AFRICAN PALLIATIVE CARE OUTCOME SCALE (POS) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0186 J. Downing1, R. Harding2, R. Powell1, APCA M&E Reference Group The pilot studies showed that multidimensional outcome measure for palliative care using patient-level indicators are possible within the African context. Initial evidence also suggests that the APCA African POS helped nurses to assess patients' feelings and manage their symptoms. The development of the APCA African POS, which is currently undergoing final validation, is an important step forward in measuring palliative care in Africa. |
| TuPE0187 | COMMUNITY NURSES MORE EFFECTIVE IN CONDUCTING HOME BASED CARE FOR PLWHAS-TASO UG EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0187 P.P. Okoth In developing countries, Home Based care for patients (PLWHAs) should emphasise employing community own resource persons in the care for enhanced community involvement, optimising the cost of care and sustainability. |
| TuPE0188 | MODEL OF CARE TO STRENGTHEN CARE AND SUPPORT OF CHRONICALLY AND TERMINALLY ILL CLIENTS WITH HIV AND AIDS AT COMMUNITY LEVEL IN A RURAL DISTRICT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0188 R.A. Kambarami, E. Tauya Mortality rates in HBC are unacceptably high. There is need to study how best to rapidly introduce antiretroviral therapy in a HBC setting in order to curb deaths. Volunteer care facilitators can be motivated to provide sustainable and affordable HBC support including adherence counseling. |
| TuPE0189 | UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION PROCEDURES AMONG INFORMAL CAREGIVERS OF PLWHAS IN SOUTH AFRICA: PRACTICES AND SYMBOLIC MEANINGS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0189 O. Akintola The findings raise concerns about informal caregivers' potential risks of "occupational" infection with HIV. Not only should home-based care be accompanied with appropriate training and access to materials to practice universal precaution procedures, attention needs to be paid to the symbolic meanings of these practices in relation to AIDS stigma and discrimination. |
| TuPE0190 | ROLE OF HOME CARE TEAMS IN INCREASING ADHERENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0190 K.H. Ung Close collaboration with proper follow up and support as well as referral system between health center staff, home care team and family would be an essential tool in providing adherence to PLHA. |
| TuPE0191 | HOPE RENEWED: A POWERFUL TOOL IN THE CARE OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0191 A. Cadet, J. D'Amico, M. William Look for the best balance between tangible (goods and services) and intangible care (psychosocial support fostering hope). We should always ask whether our interventions foster dignity, self-esteem and hope; or whether they merely meet physical needs as long as the finances last. |
| TuPE0192 | A COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING APPROACH TO HIV TREATMENT ADHERENCE AMONG PERSONS WITH COMORBID MENTAL ILLNESSES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0192 M. Blank1, N. Hanrahan2, R. Gross3, L. Aiken2 We conclude that a community-based intervention using Advanced Practice Nurses is effective in encouraging adherence to medication regimen in HIV positive persons with a co-occurring serious mental illness. |
| TuPE0193 | TEACHING AND LEARNING ABOUT HIV/AIDS IN TANZANIAN SCHOOLS OF NURSING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0193 J. Raisler1, T. Kohi2, H. Lugina3 Funds were awarded to expand the project to all nursing schools. Master teachers will be trained to conduct trainings and follow-up visits. HIV/AIDS core competencies for Tanzania will be defined. Standardized, competency-based information will be integrated into the nursing school curriculum. Clinical teaching will be expanded to include the ART, PMTCT and VCT clinics. A life skills intervention will be developed for and with the students, to strengthen their communication and negotiation skills, and reduce their risk of unwanted pregnancy and STIs, including HIV. |
| TuPE0194 | REHABILITATION IN HIV-RELATED BRAIN IMPAIRMENT - A PROVEN WAY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0194 M. Connor1, P. Waldron2 Mildmay recommends that specialist Units should be developed and supported, both here in the UK and elsewhere, and that training programmes be developed to enable generic services to improve the care they offer. |
| TuPE0195 | CROSS-CULTURAL LEARNINGS IN MENTAL HEALTH CARE AND SUPPORT FOR PLWHAS - A COMPARISON OF MENTAL HEALH INITITATIVES FOR PLWHAS IN THE CONTEXTS OF THAILAND AND THE PHILIPPINES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0195 L.B. Norella Cross cultural learnings are valuable in analyzing exisitng programs for HIV/AIDS not only in mental health but in other aspects as well. There is a wealth of learning that could be had from cross-cultural exchanges to better promote holistic care for PLWHAs and their families. |
| TuPE0196 | CARING FOR HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS IN NON-SPECIALIZED CLINICAL SETTINGS: A NURSING EXPERIENCE ON 793 HEALTH CAREGIVERS IN NORTHEASTERN ITALY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0196 L. Mazzega Sbovata1, P. Fedele1, M. Manicone1, I. Sartor1, D. Serraino2, U. Tirelli1 In our own 14-years experience in the management of HIV-patients, to improve the quality of their health care also in unspecialised structures, and to better the quality of life of the health caregivers, a continuous education and a specific training must become part of the professional life of all caregivers involved. |
| TuPE0197 | NURSING STUDENTS' ANTICIPATION OF CARING FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0197 S. Quinn, C. Iwasiw, C. McWilliam It is expected that findings will inform nurse educators of the guidance students require to feel at ease caring for clients with the diagnosis and increase registered nurses' understanding of the student experience. Registered nurses may then provide increased support to nursing students who engage in clinical practice with clients with HIV/AIDS. If students receive the required support, clients with HIV/AIDS will benefit from positive nurse-client interactions, and their overall quality of life may be enhanced by supportive relationships experienced in the health care setting. |
| TuPE0198 | GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL NURSES LEAD THE WAY TO REDUCING HIV STIGMA IN INDIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0198 D. Goldman1, C. Portillo2 Nurses' need for on-the job training is great, but a strategy for conducting such training can be effectively accomplished by a few trained nurses. Since the I-TECH trainings began at GHTM, nurses have developed leadership skills and have played a key role in improving infection control practices, reducing stigma for patients and families, training other staff, and starting a palliative care center. These nurses take pride in their work and now feel confident in their ability to give safe and compassionate care to PLWHA. |
| TuPE0199 | SUPPORTIVE SERVICES IN THE MTCT-PLUS PROGRAMS AT POLICE GENERAL HOSPITAL, THAILAND HELP SUPPORT TREATMENT GOALS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0199 C. Vitavasiri1, C. Phyanoi1, K. Larbvaropas1, N. Phanuphak2, P. Phanuphak2, P. Toro3, E. Abrams3 More efforts should be made to integrate prevention and treatment programs at the implementation level through the widespread use of multidisciplinary teams. |
| TuPE0200 | HIV SERVICE RE-DESIGN: AN AUDIT OF THE CONTRIBUTION THAT SPECIALIST NURSES MAKE TO MANAGING PATIENTS WITH NON-COMPLEX HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE NEEDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0200 E. Castro Sanchez, E. Kirkpatrick, K. Miles, P. Benn, E. Allason-Jones, S. Edwards Specialist nurses working in a 'one-stop-shop' care model help re-distribute the increasing HIV outpatient workload so that patient care needs are better matched with professional expertise. Although SpNs managed autonomously most consultations, further evaluation is required to demonstrate safety, cost-effectiveness and acceptability of this new role. |
| TuPE0201 | TRANSPARENCY: THE ESSENCE OF THERAPEUTIC PARTNERSHIP IN AIDS CARE, A PHILIPPINE PERSPECTIVE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0201 S. Zaldivar1, R. Ruiz2 Refinement of its reliability and validity would improve its predictive value. This should serve as an innovative toolkit to incorporate into the nursing curriculum in a resource constrained environment. |
| TuPE0202 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0202 Abstract not available. |
| TuPE0203 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0203 Abstract not available. |
| TuPE0204 | SCALE-UP OF HIV CARE, TREATMENT AND SUPPORT IN THE CARIBBEAN IS FEASIBLE: SUCCESS AND CHALLENGES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0204 R. Cazal-Gamelsy1, N. Jack2, G. John3, N. Adomakoh4, M.-T. Georger-Sow5, G. Hirnschall2 Challenges must urgently be addressed. These include developing human resource capacity and utilizing task shifting: strategies for decentralization and integration into primary health care services utilizing simple guidelines and tools as IMAI and enhancing prevention strategies and supports to PLWHA. HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance has to be implemented urgently |
| TuPE0205 | DOES OPTIMAL TIMING OF HAART INITIATION DIFFER WITH NEWER TREATMENT REGIMENS THAT INCLUDE EFAVIRENZ OR RITONAVIR-BOOSTED PROTEASE INHIBITORS? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0205 T. Sterling1, G. Barkanic1, S. Raffanti1, C. Carter1, A. Kheshti2, R. Blackwell2, R. Moore3 This is the first assessment of HAART initiation using only newer regimens. Similar to early-generation HAART, disease progression is increased when CD4<200. HAART should be started when CD4>200; persons with CD4>350 and low CD4% may particularly benefit from HAART. |
| TuPE0206 | VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING IN TB PATIENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0206 T. Leusaree, S. Amarinsangpen, A. Prapantawong The findings revealed high rate of HIV testing and HIV prevalence in TB patients. Maintaining the service requires regular support sessions with experienced counselor trainers including the regular review of VCT uptake. |
| TuPE0207 | USING APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY AND PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS WITH THE CAPACITY TO DELIVER HIGH-QUALITY, RAPID HAART ROLLOUT TO 500,000 PEOPLE IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0207 J. Sargent1, J. Butler2, E. Darkoh2 This model should be investigated for larger-scale rollout to complement country-wide rollouts throughout the world. |
| TuPE0208 | HIV+ IN NEW YORK CITY AND NOT IN CARE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0208 V. Sharp1, H. Wolfe1, C. Maslow1, D. Haller2 Close to 1/5 HIV+ inpatients were not receiving outpatient HIV care. Those not in care were more likely to be homeless and to lack social support. Active substance users were less likely to follow through with post-discharge referrals. Intensive linkage interventions are required to engage these patients in care. |
| TuPE0209 | IS HIV/AIDS TREATMENT UNIVERSAL AND EQUITABLE? A RETROSPECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF HAART SCALE-UP DURING THE "3 BY 5" INITIATIVE IN EUROPE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0209 J.V. Lazarus, A. Bollerup, S. Nielsen, M. Donoghoe, S. Matic Despite universal coverage in many countries, access is still inequitable in terms of transmission route, imprisonment status and geographic location, with many individuals left untreated. Furthermore, the treatment need is increasing much faster than the current rate of scale-up, challenging countries already providing universal access to maintain this level. |
| TuPE0210 | AIDS VANCOUVER'S CASE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM: MEETING THE DIVERSE NEEDS OF PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0210 M. Compton, L. Mervyn, H. Hoiness, V. Bright, E. Mo The integration of community-based case management with clinical health services will strengthen the continuum of treatment and care and improve client health outcomes. |
| TuPE0211 | DESIGNING LABORATORY LOGISTICS SYSTEM FOR EXPANDING ART SERVICES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0211 C. McLaughlin, A. Diallo, W. Nicodemus As part of the planning for expansion of ART services, donors, and countries must include activities to strengthen laboratory services, particularly operational guidelines and the logistics systems that support those services to ensure continuous supply of critical laboratory supplies and reagents. |
| TuPE0212 | COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF MODIFIED DIRECTLY OBSERVED THERAPY (MDOT) FOR HAART FOR PATIENTS WITH POOR ADHERENCE IN THE ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSERS (AARTS) TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0212 M. Mwamburi1, G. Macalino2, I. Wilson2, J. Mitty3, J. Griffith2, P. Neuman2, C. Wanke1, T. Flanigan3, J. Wong2 Three months of MDOT conferred both immediate and long-term clinical benefits in the population we studied, and was highly cost-effective. Studies that examine other populations, and use longer follow-up times, are needed to better understand the generalizability of these findings. |
| TuPE0213 | EQUITY OF ACCESS TO HIV SERVICES AMONG HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS IN ENGLAND AND WALES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0213 B. Patel, T. Chadborn, V. Delpech Where a person lives and their risk group are important determinants of local service use. Planners should ensure that services are adequate and targeted to meet the needs of local populations, taking into account the reasons given by HIVinfected individuals for not accessing their nearest services. |
| TuPE0214 | ART DELIVERY AS PART OF A CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE SERVICES IN TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0214 E. van Praag1, G. Mpangile1, R. Swai2, B. Bwijo2, V. Mmbaga3, F. Mwanga4 HIV care and support service delivery across a continuum from home/community to facility based care involving a variety of organizations and facilities is feasible and can ensure that comprehensive needs of people and households affected by HIV/AIDS can be met. Standardized approaches for implementation with strong coordination between all partners involved in care and treatment have shown to be practical in Tanzania and are recommended elsewhere. |
| TuPE0215 | MEN'S SEXUAL HEALTH TESTING AND HEALTH SERVICES AT GAY BARS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0215 C.A. O'Connor1, C.A. Patsdaughter2, D.V. Lessard3, M.J. Gaucher3 Collaborative, creative efforts such as this model provide a way to meet public health goals of illness prevention and can be replicated with impressive yields. |
| TuPE0216 | ACCESS TO PAEDIATRIC ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY FOR CHILDREN IN RURAL COMMUNITIES IN MALI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0216 A. Sy, J. Segurado Anti-retroviral drugs for children are provided free of charge in Mali but not the related tests. In 2004, treatment services were provided only in Bamako, excluding poor children from rural communities. The Government of Mali plans to expand ART services to 55 health facilities by 2009. This will only be possible if diagnostic and treatment algorithms are simplified. |
| TuPE0217 | A RAPID HIV/AIDS CARE AND TREATMENT ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR PROGRAMME PLANNING AT DISTRICT LEVEL IN RURAL ZIMBABWE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0217 F. Perez1, D. Marchand1, B. Engelsmann2, T. Ndoro2 Rapid health needs assessment for ART preparedness provides an opportunity for learning the operational problems and health priorities at district level and taking managerial action. It sets the bases for translating the results into interventions and policies. |
| TuPE0218 | ORGANIZATION OF CARE AND HEALTH SETTING FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS: A COCHRANE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0218 C. Handford1, A.-M. Tynan2, J. Rackal3, R.H. Glazier4 Certain organization of care models (i.e. case management) and settings of healthcare (i.e. high volume of HIVpositive patients) may improve patient mortality and other outcomes. More detailed descriptions of care models, consistent definition of terms, and studies on innovative models suitable for developing country settings are needed. |
| TuPE0219 | EFFECTIVE INTEGRATION OF PEER EDUCATORS IN THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY HIV CARE SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0219 D. Williams1, A. Gutierrez2, J. Franks2, W. El-Sadr2, S. Mannheimer2 Staff working with peers should receive comprehensive training on the unique challenges and benefits of implementing a peer program, as dynamic integration of peers can facilitate the delivery of effective, consumer-focused multidisciplinary HIV care services. |
| TuPE0220 | HIV CARE, NO ONE LEFT BEHIND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0220 C. Encarnacion, L. Magagnotti, J. Curtis High quality HIV care can be made accessible to hard-to-reach rural patients by a multidisciplinary group partnering with physicians and community organizations to overcome a lack of HIV medical expertise where HIV Seroprevalence is nominal. |
| TuPE0221 | NIGERIAN NATIONAL ARV ACCESS PROGRAMME - PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0221 O. Salawu1, A. Akinsete1, A. Lawanson1, A. Segilola1, L. Uzono1, E. Abatta1, O. Abegunde2 Nigeria is a Federation with a population of 126 million people. Since the first AIDS case was reported in 1986, HIV prevalence has increased from 1.9% in 1991 to 5.0% 2003 .This translates to an estimated 3.2-3.8 million people living with HIV and AIDS (PLHAs) and from this figure about 300,000-700,000 PLHAs are in need of treatment. |
| TuPE0222 | NEEDS OF HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN IN UKRAINE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0222 S. Okromeshko1, N. Zaika2, I. Mogilevkina2, A. Bishop1, K. Stekhin2 Stigma and discrimination are widespread, especially at maternity houses. VCT does not exist at ANCs and maternity homes. Confidentiality is frequently violated. Peer support is highly valued. VCT is an essential entry point to convey prevention information and assess personal risk behavior and, therefore, is critical to overall efforts to prevent further spread of HIV in Ukraine. |
| TuPE0223 | HIV-RELATED STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION: HEALTHCARE WORKERS PERCEPTION OF HOW TO CARE FOR PEOPLE WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0223 A. Ojimba This study shows that whereas HCW are willing to provide care for patients with HIV/AIDS, concerns about occupationally acquired HIV infection is a major predictor of stigma and discrimination in health care facilities. Interventions to address these concerns will lead to a reduction in HIV/AIDS discrimination in health facilities. |
| TuPE0224 | DECENTRALIZED PHYSICAL ACCESS TO ART IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA, AN APPROACH USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0224 R. Eissner The study demonstrated that GIS is a reliable planning and monitoring tool in the large scale provision of ART. It has shown that the provision of ART should be considered as being accessible in walking distance (5km) in order to ensure patients are able to reach the ART providing facility without available transportation and to keep all appointments for check ups and new drug supply. |
| TuPE0225 | DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE CARE AND REFERRAL NETWORK IN THE CONTEXT OF RAPID ART SCALE-UP: ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0225 Y. Abebe1, A. Messele1, N. Simmons2 The care network in the ALERT catchment area is being expanded to NSL and to include 3 health centers and all 61 service providers. A steering committee will track services and referrals to support network-wide planning. |
| TuPE0226 | A SUCCESSFUL WORKPLACE PROGRAM FOR VCT AND HAART AT HEINEKEN, RWANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0226 S. Van der Borght1, S. Richards2, T. RinkedeWit3, A. Collier4, M. Fox4, F. Feeley4 What factors govern the effectiveness and acceptance of a workplace program for HIV treastment in a low resource setting? |
| TuPE0227 | THE OUTREACH MODEL: INCREASING ACCESS TO QUALITY ART SERVICES AT THE PRIMARY HEALTH LEVEL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0227 K. Torpey1, P. Makelele2, F. Mwema3, L. Stuart4, A. Mlewa2, C. Thompson1 The outreach model should be implemented in sites where there is demand for ART but the requisite infrastructure to deliver the service is unavailable. |
| TuPE0228 | GOVERNMENT FUNDED PROGRAMS FOR USE OF HAART IN MEXICO CITY SHOW EXCELLENT RATES OF RETENTION AND VIROLOGIC EFFICACY IN A SPECIALIZED CARE SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0228 B. Crabtree, A. Villasis-Keever, R. Velazquez-Pastrana, L.E. Soto-Ramírez, J. Sierra-Madero Implementation of GFP, for provision of HAART in Mexico, show excellent rates of virologic outcome and retention of patients in a context of specialized care. Evaluations of these programs should be performed in other community based settings. |
| TuPE0229 | REDUCTION IN AIDS HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS: THE IMPACT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN BRAZIL ( 1996 - 2005 ) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0229 C.E. Dos Santos, K. Sakita, O. Silveira, P. Chequer The financial resources devoted to the initiative represents an economically viable investment.A welldesigned and supported international effort to reduce drug prices and improve health infrastructure could overcome many obstacles even in poor resource countries. |
| TuPE0230 | CHALLENGES OF PROVIDING HIV/AIDS TREATMENT AND CARE IN RESOURCE LIMITED SETTINGS: LESOTHO EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0230 L.N. Makoae There is the need to strengthen coordination of the HIV/AIDS response at the district level and to translate the existing policies into plans and actions with realistic and achievable targets. There is the need to commit resources for technical expertise, human resource and funds to the HIV/AIDS response. |
| TuPE0231 | TRANSITION FROM PALLIATION TO HAART IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS IN A RURAL HOME AND HOSPICE CARE PROGRAM IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA: TOWARDS TURNING THE DISEASE TIDE AROUND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0231 A. Moll1, R. Pawinski2, N. Gandhi3, M. Mabogone1, F. Eksteen1, T. van der Merwe1, G. Friedland4 Using few extra resources, HBC, VCT and Hospice programs originally geared to providing palliation can undergo a successful transition to ART provision, with favorable patient outcomes and improved staff morale, in rural resource-poor high HIV prevalence settings. |
| TuPE0232 | PREVALENCE OF COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS IN A COMMUNITY SAMPLE OF PLWA IN KWAZULU NATAL (KZN), SOUTH AFRICA (SA) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0232 D. Singh1, R. Pawinski1, B. McDaniel2, U. Lalloo1 There are high rates of undiagnosed but treatable common mental disorders in PLWA in resource-constrained settings. To successfully implement ARV programs in resource-constrained settings, the high burden of unrecognized and untreated mental health disorders amongst PLWA must be addressed. |
| TuPE0233 | THE COPTIC HOPE CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASE: QUALITY HAART SERVICE DELIVERY IN KENYA, THROUGH UNIQUE PARTNERSHIPS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0233 N. Kist1, C. Kimani1, S. Sakr1, G. John-Stewart2, B.P. Yowakim3, M.H. Chung4 The model of care utilized at the Hope Center has integrated systems for quality assurance, adherence reinforcement and comprehensive client support that can be applied and replicated for quality HAART initiation on a large scale at other sites. |
| TuPE0234 | TREATMENT AND CARE FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN LONDON; ETHNICITY, GENDER AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0234 J. Elford1, J. Anderson2, C. Bukutu1, F. Ibrahim1 Among people living with diagnosed HIV in this London study, there were only small differences in the use of HAART or access to a GP, by ethnicity, gender or sexual orientation. |
| TuPE0235 | PLURALISTIC THERAPY OPTIONS FOR HIV/AIDS IN PUNE, INDIA: A CHALLENGE TO NATIONAL POLICY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0235 D. Deshmukh1, K. Kielmann2, V. Datye1, S. Deshpande1, J. Porter3, S. Rangan1 Limited access to ARVs is a reality in the Indian urban context where unregulated private medical providers are major care providers. It is important to document the scope of therapeutic practices in a pluralistic medical system and to explore ways to incorporate these therapies in rational HIV management and care. |
| TuPE0236 | DIRECT MONTHLY HAART SUPPLY IN THE AIDS CLINIC - A MODE OF IMPROVING COMPLIANCE AND OUTCOME Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0236 D. Elbirt, Y. Cohen, N. Agmon-Levin, I. Asher, S. Gradstein, D. Torten, B. Werner, Z. Sthoeger Direct monthly supply of HAART medications in HIV clinics significantly improved patient's compliance as well as immunological and virological outcome. |
| TuPE0237 | HIV TESTING AND ACCESS TO CARE: THE EXPERIENCE OF CANADIAN ABORIGINAL YOUTH Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0237 C. Archibald1, T. Prentice2, R. Jackson2, C. Worthington3, T. Wong1, S. Sommerfeldt4, T. Myers5, J. Mill4 A substantial proportion of HIV diagnoses among Aboriginal youth are made late in the course of disease. Once diagnosed, only about one-third are assessed for medical care within one year. Participants recommended increasing outreach and using other approaches to improve access to, and use of, HIV diagnostic and care services so that counseling and timely medical treatment are available to Aboriginal youth. |
| TuPE0238 | FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE HIV POSITIVE SPOUSES/PARTNERS AND CHILDREN OF PATIENTS TO ACCESS CARE, TREATMENT AND SUPPORT AT A LARGE ARV TREATMENT CLINIC IN ZIMBABWE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0238 U. Maseko1, M. Dixon2 In a family orientated HIV treatment clinic the major barriers to adult partners accessing care are fear of disclosure and fear of testing. Reluctance to test apparently healthy children, ignorance on how to have children tested for HIV or register them at the clinic were the major reasons for children failing to access care. Counselling in HIV treatment clinics should address these issues. |
| TuPE0239 | EFFECTIVE MEASURES FOR OVERCOMING CRITICAL DIFFICULTIES IN ARV DRUGS PROCUREMENT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0239 A. Mirzoyan, A. Ter-Hovakimyan In CIS countries, where number of PLWHA who need treatment is constantly growing, there is an urgent need to develop a system to ensure wide access to ART. Timely ARVs procurement is a critical component for sustainable ART's continuation, since treatment discontinuity is dangerous for patient's life. First year of ART in Armenia was started with 4 months delay. The Anti HIV/AIDS National Association used a new, comprehensive approach for ARVs procurement for the second year of ART in resource-limited settings. |
| TuPE0240 | VCT IN PARTNERSHIP WITH RWANDAN WOMEN'S ASSOCIATIONS FACILITATES ACCESS TO HIV CARE FOR CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0240 E. Duggan1, C. Mukazayire2, J. Hakizimana3, M. Cohen4, A. d'Adesky5, K. Anastos6 VCT services in grass-roots associations coordinated with referral to clinical services facilitates rapid access to needed HIV care for children, and is an easily replicable model. |
| TuPE0241 | REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN ACCESS TO DENTAL HYGIENE SERVICES FOR THOSE WITH HIV/AIDS IN CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0241 G. McCarthy, T. Mara, C. Driessen, L. Stitt There were significant differences in access to dental hygiene services in different regions of Canada. Discrimination was lowest in British Columbia and the North West Territories and highest in Ontario. Hygienists' reluctance to treat patients with HIV is influenced by the dentists that they work with. Continuing education on infection control, the use of Standard Precautions and ethics training for both dentists and dental hygienists may improve access to dental hygiene services. These interventions are particularly necessary in Ontario. |
| TuPE0242 | CD4 MONITORING FOR HIV/AIDS PATIENTS WHO ARE NOT ELIGIBLE FOR ARV IN THREE NORTHERN PROVINCES, THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0242 T. Buason, K. Nuchchom, P. Ningsanond, S. Thanprasertsuk In resource poor setting, duration to follow CD4 cells among asymptomatic HIV-infected patients must be scheduled according to result of a prior test. For patients, with lesser CD4 cells (e.g. less than 300 cells/cu.mm.) it should be retested in 2-3 months. This will enable the patients to receive ARV early enough to avoid any AIDS related morbidity and mortality. |
| TuPE0243 | IMPROVING PATIENT RETENTION IN AN OUTPATIENT HIV PRIMARY CARE CLINIC IN HARLEM, NEW YORK, US Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0243 J. Knight1, O. Alao1, S. Mannheimer1, S. Lear-Evans2, D. Williams2, R. Mason2, J. Bruel3, M. Scott2, W. El-Sadr1 Expanded use of the multidisciplinary case-management team at clinic level can improve patient retention in outpatient HIV settings. |
| TuPE0244 | QUALITY OF HIV CARE ALONG THE US-MEXICO BORDER: CQI RESULTS FROM A COMMUNITY CLINIC IN EL PASO, TEXAS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0244 A. Meza1, R. Fleming1, J. Anaya2, A. Jones3, V. Ellis3, M. Maillet3, Y. Torres3, A. Dancinger3, A. Khalsa4 Barriers to care are pronounced in resource-challenged settings. Patients along the US-Mexico border struggle to obtain access to care. Innovative approaches to provision of high quality services are critical in these areas. |
| TuPE0245 | BRINGING SERVICES CLOSER TO PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS, A TASO COMMUNITY NURSING INITIATIVE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0245 B.J. Kizito1, A.G. Coutihno2 Community nursing is appropriate especially where clients come from far distances. |
| TuPE0246 | EFFECTIVE OUTCOMES FROM DECENTRALIZING ARV CARE TO NURSE-MANAGED CLINICS IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0246 T. Herron1, N. Bandezi1, M. Bedelu1, H. Reuter1, N. Mofokeng2 ARV provision should not be slowed down due to perceived need of doctor to initiate ARVs. ARV provision is effective at decentralised clinic level, with quality and quantity of care comparing favourably to hospital settings. |
| TuPE0247 | ATTITUDES OF ONTARIO NURSES RELATED TO THE CARE OF PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0247 G. McCarthy1, M. John2, L. Stitt1, C. Driessen1 Nurses' reluctance to care for HIV patients in long-term and chronic care settings, maternal and neonatal units needs to be addressed. Educational interventions that focus on compliance with standard precautions, occupational safety, and knowledge of the very low risk of occupational HIV transmission may reduce nurses' reluctance to care for patients with HIV/AIDS. |
| TuPE0248 | REASONS FOR NON ACCEPTANCE OF INTERVENTIONS AIMED TO PREVENT HIV MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) IN HAITI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0248 M.M. Deschamps1, J. Bonhomme1, H. Theodore1, M.T. Albert1, N. Coicou1, J.W. Pape2, GHESKIO The results show an acceptance of 68% of the integrated PMTCT services offered. A significant percentage (32%) could not benefit. The main reasons for non acceptance were identified and can be overcome: 43% who delivered in rural areas could be covered by the extension of PMTCT services nationwide; women should be educated to register correctly the date of their LMP. Combined education and services should be developed to overcome stigma. |
| TuPE0249 | NATIONAL ART SCALE UP IN KENYA, CHALLENGES AND EXPERIENCES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0249 D. Odera1, I. Mohammed2, I. Tanui2, S. Ojoo2, E. Koech2, B. Gathendu2 In a resource limited country, political commitment, private-public partnerships, and consensus building among stakeholders are important considerations for a successful national ARV program. Supporting human resources to cope with the increasing demand for HIV care services and Improvements on provision of ART related commodities, rapid scale up of pediatric services, development of systems that ensure quality of care need to be urgently addressed, while exploring other innovative mechanisms for continuum of care and prevention. |
| TuPE0250 | IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PARTNERS IN HEALTH (PIH) COMMUNITY-BASED MODEL OF HIV CARE AND PREVENTION IN A RURAL HEALTH DISTRICT IN RWANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0250 K.C. Walker1, P.C. Drobac1, P.C. Niyigena2, B. Nizeye1, I. Hakizinka3, B. Collins4, H.M. Epino1, S.N. Stulac1, M.A. Gillooly1, J.J. Furin5, F.R. Leandre6, J.S. Mukherjee5, P.E. Farmer5, M.L. Rich5 HIV prevention and treatment programs can be scaled-up rapidly, strengthen primary health services, and be linked to broader poverty reduction efforts. |
| TuPE0251 | THE EFFICACY OF A USA-BASED MEDICINE RECYCLING PROGRAM DELIVERING ANTIRETROVIRAL AGENTS TO PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV AND AIDS (PLWHA) IN 25 COUNTRIES WORLDWIDE: AN OUTCOMES ANALYSIS OF THE ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT ACCESS PROGRAM OF AID FOR AIDS INTERNATIONAL (AFA) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0251 A. Jibilian1, J. Valencia2, P. Patrick3, O.I. Herasme4, E. Hernandez2, S. Jurado2, J. Aguais2 The AFA recycling program is effective in raising CD4 counts and decreasing viral loads of PLWHA worldwide. Continuous efforts should be made by persons in industrialized nations to assist in the delivery of life-saving antiretroviral agents to patients living in resource-limited settings. |
| TuPE0252 | DELIVERING HIV/AIDS CARE IN RURAL AFRICA: AN EFFECTIVE AND FEASIBLE PRIVATE-PUBLIC PARTNERSHIP MODEL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0252 M. Segú1, J. Joseph2, N.S. Ba3, A. Fall3, P.A. Diaw4, K. Diop3, P. Ndiaye5, S. Ulloa3, E. De Lazzari6, M. Cañete3, B. Sanmiguel3, A. Doucoure5, M.L. Ndiaye5, F. Toure5, S. Sow5, A. Gassama7, A. Mbaye7, A. Ngiang7, S. Niang7, F. Manel7, P.M. Gueye8, P.S. Sow9, S. Mboup4, L. Dieye5, J.M. Gatell6 Scaling-up HIV/AIDS service delivery in rural Africa is feasible, effective and could be affordable as a global health intervention to fight the AIDS pandemic in resource poor settings world wide. A private-public partnership model as shown is required to strengthen local capacity and to sustain such interventions successfully. |
| TuPE0253 | THE HIVQUAL PROJECT: PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN HIV AMBULATORY CARE PROGRAMS ACROSS THE UNITED STATES - TRENDS AND CHALLENGES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0253 L. Jiang1, C. Wells1, T. Matthews2, S. Silverstein1, C. Steinbock1, J. Buck1, K. Clanon1, N. Brey1, L. DeLorenzo1, M. Palumbo1, B. Rosa1, N. Showers1, J. Morales3, B. Agins1 Government sponsored programs can routinely assess appropriateness of HIV care using self-reported data by facility-based clinic staff. Although performance rates were generally high for ARV and VL/CD4 monitoring, screening for common co-morbid conditions, including mental health, TB and cervical cancer, continues to require improvement. ARV management of unstable patients requires renewed efforts. QI initiatives should be driven by performance data results to improve comprehensive care for PLWHIV. |
| TuPE0254 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0254 Abstract not available |
| TuPE0255 | RESULTS OF A PILOT PROGRAM USING HIV+ PEER EDUCATORS TO SUPPORT ART SERVICES DELIVERY IN GHANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0255 P. Preko1, J. Lambongang1, G. Akanlu2, J. Obeng-Baah3, J.D. Dupree1, J. Mwangi1, K. Foreit4, N.A. Addo5, S.A. Ohene5, A. Gyekye2, C. Dawson-Amoah6, S. Alhassan7, F. Manuel1 Programs in resource limited countries should incorporate HPE to complement their health staff in ART service delivery. HPE can reduce staff workload, improve quality of counseling and serve as role models for patients on ART, thereby helping improve treatment outcomes. |
| TuPE0256 | HIGH ADHERENCE WITH ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING A HOSPITAL AND SLUM HEALTH CENTRE IN NAIROBI, KENYA. REASSURANCE FOR CHANGE TO A SUPERIOR ANTI-TB REGIMEN IN A HIGH HIV-PREVALENCE COUNTRY? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0256 M.-E. Raguenoud1, R. Zachariah2, M. Massaquoi3, V. Ombeka4, H. Ritter1, J. Chakaya5 Anti-TB treatment adherence is high and this is reassuring information for a high HIV prevalence country that is planning to change to a superior first-line regimen that would be more favorable to both HIV-positive and negative TB patients. Providing patients with a three day "excess stock" of pills would provide a "safety net" for continued treatment. |
| TuPE0257 | THE HIV POSITIVE SURGICAL PATIENT IN NIGERIA; TO OPERATE OR NOT TO OPERATE? - THE SURGEONS' PERSPECTIVE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0257 O.I. Okoye HIV educational campaigns need to be intensified even among medical doctors.special programmes on HIV risk reduction methods should be made mandatory for all health workers.Policies should be enforced to ensure that no patient is denied access to surgery on account of HIV seropositivity. |
| TuPE0258 | TESTING THE EFFICACY OF THE UCSF HIV/AIDS SELF-CARE SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT MANUAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0258 S. Moezzi1, D. Wantland2, I. Corless3, T. Lindgren2, L. Robinson4, E. Huang2, W. Holzemer2 Findings will determine the perceived efficacy of the manual and provide descriptive information about which strategies were used by gender, ethnicity, and national origin. The self-reported use of the self-care symptom management will be correlated with self-care behaviors, symptom control, medication adherence and quality of life. |
| TuPE0259 | SPECIFIC INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN RESOURCE LIMITED SETTINGS: THE EXPERIENCE FROM JOS, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0259 I.O. Abah1, K. Falang1, A. Finangwai1, P. Iyaji1, L. Wakdet1, R. Odesanya2, G. Job1, O. Agbaji1, G. Imade1, J.A. Idoko1, P. Kanki3 High adherence levels were achieved and sustained over time. A high proportion of patients achieved suppression of viral replication. This study suggests that, with specific adherence interventions, a cohort of patients on ART can be retained in a resource-limited setting in a developing country. |
| TuPE0260 | COSTING FOR CARE: COSTING FACILITY BASED SERVICES IN A CAMBODIA CONTINUUM OF CARE PROGRAM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0260 A. Mathew1, M. Pons2, C. Natpratan1, D. Vun3, T. Prombuth1 The methodology and software used in the study, as well as some of the results generated can be used by countries the world over working on care and treatment with a setting similar to some of the Cambodian sites, to estimate costs of running CoC programs and scaling up. |
| TuPE0261 | DELIVERING HIV/AIDS CARE IN FAITH-BASED PRIMARY HEALTH CARE DISPENSARIES IN RURAL KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0261 R. Brown National programs should train rural Primary Health Care personnel and incorporate them into HIV/AIDS care programs in order to cope with the enormous burden on secondary and tertiary treatment centers. |
| TuPE0262 | USE OF CENTRALISED TELEMEDICINE SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE CAPACITY AND DELIVER SPECIALITY TRAINING TO COMMUNITY BASED GPS IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0262 J. Sargent1, B. Rao2, L. Regensberg3, E. Darkoh4, J. Butler5, A. Minster1 Telemedicine promises to be a replicable model for increasing capacity and specialist training to the supply side of ARV rollout programmes. Remote decision-making support allows for quality assurance and guidance based on the latest evidence and accepted best-practice. This model ensures that treatment is brought to patients in their local community. |
| TuPE0263 | INVENTORY MANAGEMENT OF LABORATORY SUPPLIES TO SUPPORT ART PROGRAMS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0263 A. Diallo, Y. Chandani, R. Brown Laboratory supplies, reagents, and consumables, should be classified in terms of the predictability of their requirements per test. Different usage tracking mechanisms need to be developed and implemented to ensure adequate resupply based on rate of usage and quantity remaining in stock. General supply chain management principles can be applied to the management of laboratory supplies, but considerable adaptations must to be employed. |
| TuPE0264 | THE PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH TO THE PROVISION ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN MASAKA, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0264 A. Vasan1, N. Kenya-Mugisha2, L. Kiryabwire2, L. Buzaalirwa2, P. Banura2, M. Achieng2, J. Mukherjee1, K. Seung3, F. Celletti3, E. Madraa4, S. Gove3 Rapid enrollment of patients on ART can be achieved in the government sector by adopting a public health approach, including building the capacity to manage and monitor HIV patients at the primary health care level, and training and facilitating community members to work as part of the clinical team. |
| TuPE0265 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0265 Abstract not available |
| TuPE0266 | USE OF OTHERS DRUGS THAN ANTIRETROVIRAL'S: COMPARISON BETWEEN WHO'S ESSENTIAL DRUG MODEL LIST AND REAL PRESCRIPTIONS INSIDE TREATMENT AND CARE SITES: THE GABONESE EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0266 L. Gassita1, C. Zamba2, T. Tran Minh3, H. Degui4 The concept of essential drugs is very usefull to increase rational use of drugs. But since the development of AIDS pandemia, the interest of international community focused on the availability of ARV's, TB, and Malaria's. Regarding the global needs of HIV patients, some others drugs must be taking in account. A special list could be developped in order to facilitate the forecast at both national and international level, and organize the prescription and the availaibility of drugs to improve the quality of life of patients and a better observance of antiretroviral's. |
| TuPE0267 | ASSESSMENT OF MEDICATION TAKING BEHAVIOR IN A HIV CLINIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0267 M. Valentin In order to improve adherence, it is important to evaluate understanding of the disease, review the medication regimen, and assess and reinforce medication adherence at each patient visit. |
| TuPE0268 | OUT-SOURCING OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0268 L. Ntakhwana1, J. Puvimanasinghe2, T.W. Steen1, S. Ramotlhwa1, K. Seipone1 Communication and logistics of the project should be re-visited, especially prior to transferring new patients. Patient waiting lists and those newly enrolled on public sector treatment need to be monitored and the project evaluated within one year, with emphasis on cost-effectiveness. |
| TuPE0269 | A PILOT, COMMUNITY-BASED ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY PROGRAM IN URBAN NEPAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0269 J. Andrews1, D. Gurubacharya2, M. Adhikari3, S. Koirala3, G. Friedland1 The rollout of ART in Nepal could benefit from a decentralized model of care with home-based TS. The involvement of trained CHW represents an opportunity for improved patient monitoring and a strengthened link between clinics and patients, but adapting it for service in a rural population where the health and transportation infrastructure are less developed requires program modification. |
| TuPE0270 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0270 Abstract not available |
| Track C – Epidemiology, Prevention and Prevention Research | |
| TuPE0271 | USING QUALITY IMPROVEMENT TO IMPROVE PATIENT RETENTION IN HIV CARE A TRI-STATE REGIONAL QUALITY GROUP APPROACH (OHIO, WEST VIRGINIA, PENNSYLVANIA) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0271 M. Palumbo1, J. Morales2, T. Matthews2, B. Agins3 Patient retention remains a challenge for HIV treatment programs. Efforts to improve patient retention in care rely heavily on data systems that can easily produce timely lists of patients who have not been seen regularly. Special challenges include an increasingly complex group of patients with mental illness, active substance use, and unstable housing. Creative solutions that directly address barriers to care are needed. |
| TuPE0272 | CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS TO QUANTIFICATION OF ANTIRETROVIRALS IN SUB-SAHARAN COUNTRIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0272 L. Akhlaghi Countries scaling-up ART programs will need to take steps to meet the challenges of quantifying ARVs, including collecting data at dispensaries, adopting tools for quantifying ARVs at the facility and national levels, and creating national committees to identify and address ARV procurement and quantification issues. |
| TuPE0273 | PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV AND AIDS: A RESOURCE TO THE COMMUNITY IN DELIVERY OF HIV/AIDS SERVICES; LESSONS LEARNT FROM SCALING UP SEPTRIN PROPHYLAXIS IN UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0273 E. Semafumu1, B. Binagwa1, F. Rwekikomo2 PHAs can meaningfully contribute to their care when engaged meaningfully by health workers. Septrin Prophylaxis can effectively be implemented at all levels of service care delivery. |
| TuPE0274 | MULTIFACIAL APPROACH IN SUPPORTING ADHERENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0274 R. Owino1, S. Kimaiyo2 Mobile outreach clinical visits if initiated will ease the burden of some clients constrained by geographical characteristics of some regions. Working in coordination with health institutions around the entire country and bringing of patient care at par, will enable a comfortable referral system. |
| TuPE0275 | REVIEW OF PATIENTS ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AT NSAMBYA HOME CARE AIDS RELIEF-FUNDED PROJECT, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0275 K.L. Sekimpi Patients' CD4 counts increased remarkably; weight gain was low despite patients reporting feeling better, a likely indicator of poor nutrition. Non-adherence and loss to follow up was much lower. A lasting solution should be found to address the issue of nutrition among patients. |
| TuPE0276 | KEEPING PATIENTS CONNECTED TO CARE: PATIENT RETENTION MEASUREMENT AND STRATEGIES IN NEW YORK CITY HIV CLINICS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0276 E. Horstmann1, J. Monserrate2, T. Hamilton2, J. Buck3, J. Omi4, B.D. Agins3 Retention rates in this network of public HIV clinics were relatively stable despite varied improvement strategies. Missed appointment rates did not correlate with measures of retention suggesting their lack of usefulness in capturing regular engagement in care. Patient issues affecting retention include behaviors, beliefs, illnesses and life circumstances. To improve retention, efforts should focus on patients at highest risk for falling out of care, those with behaviors and beliefs either requiring supportive services or assistance navigating the healthcare system. |
| Track C – Epidemiology, Prevention and Prevention Research | |
| TuPE0277 | NEW HIV DIAGNOSES THROUGH SYPHILIS SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, FRANCE, 2000-2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0277 A. Bouyssou-Michel, M. Herida, C. Semaille The high proportion of patients who discovered their HIV-positive status along with syphilis diagnosis, underlines how crucial it is to screen for HIV all patients with syphilis or any STI. |
| TuPE0278 | THE ROLE OF PREVALENT AND INCIDENT HSV-2 AND OTHER STIS IN THE ACQUISITION OF HIV INFECTION AMONG HIGH-RISK WOMEN IN NORTHERN TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0278 S. Kapiga1, N. Sam2, Q. Ni3, H. Bang3, T. Ao1, I. Kiwelu4, G. Seage5, J. Shao2, P. Coplan6, M. Essex7 The HIV epidemic in this population is driven by other STIs and genital infections. Prevention of curable and chronic genital infections, including condom use, could help to reduce the incidence of HIV in this population. |
| TuPE0279 | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS IN HIV-1-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN: PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS IN A EUROPEAN POPULATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0279 M. Landes1, C. Thorne2, M.L. Newell2, European Collaborative Study STI Sub-study Group STIs in pregnancy have been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and potential effects in maternal to child transmission of HIV. The level of STIs in this study suggests that antenatal screening for STIs in HIV-infected pregnant women be considered an important public health tool. Risk factors for STIs should be considered in the application of appropriate antenatal screening policies, including re-screening in the third trimester. |
| TuPE0280 | HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPES 1 AND 2 (HSV-1 AND HSV-2) AND HIV INFECTION IN HOMOSEXUAL MEN: DATA FROM THE HIM COHORT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0280 A. Grulich1, F.Y. Jin1, G. Prestage1, L. Mao2, S. Kippax2, C. Pell3, B. Donovan1, D. Templeton1, J. Taylor4, A. Mindel5, J. Kaldor1 HSV-1 was commonly sexually transmitted, particularly in the young, and prevalent infection was associated with incident HIV infection. HSV-1 associated genital herpes may be a neglected co-factor predisposing to HIV infection. This has implications for current and future trials of anti-herpes therapy in HIV prevention. |
| TuPE0281 | GONORRHOEA INFECTION IN KNOWN HIV POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS - A MARKER OF ON-GOING HIGH RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0281 M.-Y. Tung1, J. Bickford1, S. Mandalia1, B. Azadian2, A.K. Sullivan1 Despite current global publicity regarding safer sex and the increased prevalence of sexually transmitted infections, we are seeing a continued increase in gonorrhoea infection and of particular concern in individuals with known HIV infection of long-standing duration many with a detectable plasma HIV viral load. |
| TuPE0282 | ROUTINE COUNSELING FOR HIV TESTING AMONG STI CLINIC ATTENDEES: PILOT STUDY AT UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, LUSAKA ZAMBIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0282 C.F. Luhana, P. Yassa, C. Malibata, L. Kangwa, W. Kimbinyi Routine counseling for HIV is "accepted" and should be offered to all patients attending STI clinics. The high number of STI patients with concurrent HIV infection should be linked to care and support facilities. Cost for CD4 count (US$20) should be removed for patients to benefit from free ART scheme. |
| TuPE0283 | HIGH PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONG FEMALE SEX WORKERS ASSOCIATED WITH INJECTION DRUG USE IN TWO MEXICO-U.S. BORDER CITIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0283 T.L. Patterson1, M. Fraga2, H. Staines3, J. Bucardo1, A. de la Torre4, J. Salazar5, S.J. Semple1, P. Orozovich1, M. Pu1, H. Amaro6, C. Magis-Rodriguez7, S. Strathdee8 Although these preliminary results cannot be generalized to all FSWs in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, prevalence of HIV and STIs in these border cities was extremely high and closely linked to injection drug use. A binational response including expanded access to HIV/STI testing, expanded access to sterile syringes and behavioral interventions is urgently needed to reduce high risk behaviors among FSWs in the Mexico-U.S. border region, especially those who inject drugs. |
| TuPE0284 | HSV-2 HIV CO-INFECTION WITHIN HIV CISCORDANT COUPLES IN KIGALI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0284 B. Bekan Homawoo1, M. Coldiron1, E. Tekirya2, J. Bizimana1, S. Allen3, Rwanda-Zambia HIV Research Group Given the high prevalence of HSV-2 co-infection among discordant couples, HSV-2 testing should be advocated as a standard of care for those couples. Along with other HIV prevention methods, proper counseling about both diseases should be provided to them in order to decrease disease transmission. |
| TuPE0285 | HPV TYPE-SPECIFIC CERVICAL INFECTIONS AND THEIR DETERMINANTS IN HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN, ITALY 2004-2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0285 P. Piselli1, A. Navarra1, C. Pavia1, S. Zaniratti1, C. Pisani2, S. Barzoni Secchia1, S. Bellelli1, C. Angeletti1, M.R. Capobianchi1, G. Ippolito1, D. Serraino3 The findings of this study confirm that WHIV are at high risk of HPV infection, particularly IDU and more severely immunological-impaired women. Moreover, they suggest that a high HIV viral load is associated with high risk HPV-types and, thus, with severe cervical lesions. |
| TuPE0286 | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION (STI) SURVEILLANCE LINKED WITH HIV SENTINEL SERO-SURVEILLANCE, 5 VIETNAMESE PROVINCES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0286 H. Pham1, H. Nguyen1, P. Pham1, K. Tran1, C. Luu2, P. Le3, T. Trinh4, M. Kamb5, L. Cosimi5, M. Wolfe4 STI surveillance linked with annual HIV sentinel surveillance was feasible. STI rates tended to be low in all risk groups; although CT was higher than expected in lower risk groups (antenatal women and military recruits). High HIV rates in IDU are already well recognized, and HIV prevention in IDU is already a national priority. However, these data suggest STI prevention programs for FSW and HIV prevention efforts for STI-infected men are also warranted. |
| TuPE0287 | STI PREVALENCE AMONG ADOLESCENT METHAMPHETAMINE SMOKERS REQUIRES NEW HIV/AIDS PREVENTION STRATEGIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0287 D. Celentano1, B. Sirirojn2, S. Sherman1, N. Thomson3, K. Wongworapat2, L. Sintupat2, C. Sutcliffe1, R. Kaewvichit2, K. Rungruengthanakit2, A. Aramrattana2 STI among youthful methamphetamine users are common, and are associated with lack of safer sex precautions. Interventions to prevent HIV infection must address the intersection of both drug and sex risks if HIV is to be contained. |
| TuPE0288 | HIGH PREVALENCE OF HIV-RNA EXCRETION FROM THE GENITAL ULCERS OF CO-INFECTED STD PATIENTS IN LILONGWE, MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0288 S. Phiri1, I. Hoffman2, N. Nyirenda3, D. Maccormick3, S. Fiscus2, C. Chen4, H. Weiss5, W. Miller2, G. Joaki3, D. Chilongozi3, F. Martinson3, L. van der Hoeven6, M. Cohen2, P. Mayaud5 HIV shedding from genital ulcers was frequently detected among HIV-positive patients in Malawi and suggests the feasibility of enhanced HIV transmission. There was no evidence of increased HIV detection among HSV-2 infected patients prior to acyclovir treatment. Impact of this treatment on ulcer healing rates and lesional HIV shedding will be assessed at the end of the trial. |
| TuPE0289 | HIV AND LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM (LGV) CO-INFECTION IN CANADA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0289 M.A. Gully, R.Y. Kropp, T. Wong There is a high rate of HIV co-infection among LGV cases in Canada; a large proportion are also co-infected with other STIs/BBIs. Unprotected anal and oral contact was frequently reported as well as other higher-risk sexual activities such as "fisting". Sexual contact in bathouses and internet partnering were frequently reported. LGV can be prevented by condom use and other barrier methods. |
| TuPE0290 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0290 Abstract not available |
| TuPE0291 | CHANGING PATTERNS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1 AND 2 AMONG HIV-INFECTED AND UNINFECTED HOMOSEXUAL MEN BETWEEN 1984-2003, IN THE NETHERLANDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0291 C. Smit1, C. Pfrommer1, J. Taylor2, A. Mindel2, J. Spaargaren1, B. Berkhout3, R. Coutinho1, N. Dukers1, M. Kramer1 HSV-1 and HSV-2 prevalence among MSM declined in the nineties. However, seroprevalence remained high among HIV positive MSM between 1984-2003 and the relation between HSV and HIV became stronger over time. This confirms the notion that the HIV and HSV epidemics are closely related. Using HIV as a marker for sexual risk behaviour indicates an increase in the genital transmission of HSV-1 over time. |
| TuPE0292 | PREDICTORS OF HSV-2 PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE AMONG BAR AND HOTEL WORKERS IN MOSHI,TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0292 K. Tassiopoulos1, G. Seage1, N. Sam2, I. Kiwelu3, J. Shao2, M. Essex4, P. Coplan5, M. Hughes6, S. Kapiga7 The occurrence of HSV-2 was high in this population, while knowledge of HSV-2 was low. HSV-2 incidence was associated with HIV, confirming the synergistic relationship between these infections. Control of both infections is a major public health priority in resource-poor countries. Reduction of alcohol consumption may be an important strategy to reduce infection. |
| TuPE0293 | HIGH RISK FOR STIS AMONG VULNERABLE POPULATIONS IN THE PERUVIAN COAST: THE NIMH HIV/STI COLLABORATIVE PREVENTION TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0293 C.F. Caceres1, J. Klausner2, S. Leon1, J. Pajuelo1, K. Konda1, P. Fernández1, S. Kegeles3, F. Jones4, T. Coates5, NIMH HIV/STI Collaborative Prevention Trial Subpopulations studied, often heavily stigmatized, show very high prevalences of risk behaviors and STIs. MSM are particularly affected by HIV, HSV-2 and syphilis. All need prevention and care services. Since these groups were identified and followed up in general population settings, interventions could also use those settings to reach vulnerable groups. |
| TuPE0294 | HSV-2 INFECTION AMONG FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN SIHANOUKVILLE, CAMBODIA: HIGH PREVALENCE AND STRONG ASSOCIATION WITH HIV INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0294 V. Saphonn1, M.C. Vun2, F. Crabbé3, J. Vandepitte3, S. Abdellati3, A. Buvé3 The prevalence of HSV-2 infection, an incurable STI that increases the susceptibility to HIV infection, is high among FSW in Cambodia. But the trend of decreasing prevalence of HSV-2 infection between 2000 and 2002 suggests that the programme of 100% condom use had an effect on HSV-2 infection besides its effect on HIV. |
| TuPE0295 | INCIDENT HIV INFECTIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED AND VAGINAL INFECTIONS AMONG WOMEN IN ZIMBABWE AND UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0295 J. van de Wijgert1, C. Morrison2, J. Wang3, J. Brown4, B. van der Pol5, M. Munjoma6, H. Bakka7, B. Richardson8, N. Padian4, R. Salata9 A large proportion of new HIV infections in Zimbabwean and Ugandan women were attributable to STIs (particularly HSV-2) and vaginal infections. |
| TuPE0296 | FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH USE OF MALE CONDOM IN ADOLESCENT FROM PERU Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0296 A. Cotrina-Rabanal, P. Garcia, C. Carcamo Parental communication and the education at schools can improve "safe sex behavior" between adolescent. The results from this study may have important implications to develop effective intervention programs (like condom vending machines) to the prevention of STD and HIV. |
| TuPE0297 | HIV INFECTION AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONG FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN A MINING TOWNSHIP IN YUNNAN, CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0297 N. Wang1, Z. Yang1, H. Gao1, Q. Duan1, R. Zhao1, L. Lu2, Y. Pu3, W. Ni3, Z. Wu4 HIV and other STIs are highly prevalent amongst FSWs in this region of China, and most HIV infections are concentrated in illegal drug users. |
| TuPE0298 | STI COINFECTIONS AMONG TORONTO'S HIV-INFECTED POPULATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0298 C. Achonu, E. Gournis, N. Whittingham, J.-A. Ackery, B. Yaffe, R. Shahin A small proportion of HIV cases reported from 1992 to 2004 were subsequently diagnosed with STIs. However, an increased rate of STI coinfection among Toronto's HIV population is concerning and increases the need to understand the context under which unsafe sex occurs. STI co-infected HIV cases were predominantly MSM suggesting that current public health interventions targeted towards this community need strengthening. |
| TuPE0299 | TRANSFUSION TRANSMISSIBLE INFECTIONS AMONG BLOOD DONORS AT A SOUTH INDIAN CITY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0299 K.K. Prahalathan1, F. James1, V. Velusamy1, P. Thirumalai Kolundusubramanian1, S. Ravi Babu2, S. Vijayakumar2 The rates of TTI have come down over the years which can possibly be attributed to the stringent enforcement of donor selection measures. Since the TTI status was higher among replacement donor system, it has to be discouraged. In view of the changing trends, it is likely that prevalence of TTI among Blood Donors may not reflect the distribution in the population. Hence it is recommended that community based sentinel surveillance is essential for understanding the actual situation. |
| TuPE0300 | A STRONG LINK BETWEEN SYPHILIS AND HIV IN MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN (MSM) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0300 F. Pettersson, G. Malmlof, M. Goransson, U.-K. Hallgren, G. Bratt HIV-positive MSM have a high risk to become Syphilis infected. The majority of double infected subjects have detectable and high viral load, which might contribute to HIV-spread. Patients with a history of Syphilis have an increased risk to become HIV-infected. Strong preventive actions are needed to address this issue among MSM. |
| TuPE0301 | SYPHILIS AND MALARIA INCIDENCE AMONG RURAL TEA PLANTATION RESIDENTS IN KERICHO, KENYA: RESULTS OF AN HIV COHORT STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0301 C.T. Bautista1, W.B. Sateren1, D.N. Shaffer2, G. Foglia3, M. Wassuna4, S. Kiplangat2, F. Sawe2, I. Kiptoo2, R. Kibaya2, M. Robb1, N. Michael1, D.L. Birx5 In this HIV cohort study malaria infection was strongly associated with HIV status, being higher among HIV seroconverters. Immune suppression linked with HIV positive status and the acute seroconversion syndrome is associated with an increased risk of malaria occurrence. |
| TuPE0302 | HIV SEROPOSITIVITY IN A SENTINEL POPULATION OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STI) PATIENTS IN BELGIUM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0302 A. Defraye, A. Sasse, physicians of the STI sentinel network in Belgium This sentinel STI surveillance, that will be further extended, provides information about characteristics of STI patients, allowing for identification of subpopulations where an increase of HIV transmission and incidence may be expected. It is part of the second generation HIV surveillance defined by UNAIDS, which permits early adaptation of prevention. The increasing STI trend in HIV positive MSM calls for targeted actions. The important proportion of HIV positive patients who discover HIV seropositivity at STI consultation, underlines the benefit of HIV testing in STI patients. |
| TuPE0303 | KNOWLEDGE AND TREATMENT PATTERN OF STDS IN THE CONTEXT OF HIV/AIDS IN NEPAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0303 V. Kumar1, S. Adhikari2 The knowledge of STDs is still low among men, whereas the prevalence of STDs is high among men in Nepal. Education, mass media exposure, standard of living and geographical factors affect on knowledge and treatment seeking behavior. |
| TuPE0304 | SEX WORKERS AT TRUCK STOPS: HIV AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION (STI) RISK ASSESSMENT AND SCREENING, NEW MEXICO, USA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0304 S. Valway1, S. Jenison1, N. Keller1, J. Vega-Hernandez1, D. Hubbard-McCree2 Although a number of risky activities were reported by sex workers, STI prevalence was low. Use of needle exchange may have contributed to the lack of HIV. infections. Additional studies are needed to further describe STI and Hepatitis prevalence and to develop effective prevention messages. |
| TuPE0305 | HIGH PREVALENCE OF STIS IN FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN A MEKONG DELTA PROVINCE OF VIETNAM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0305 N.V. Thuong1, K.V. Nghia1, L.T.T. Truc2, T.H. Phong3, N.P. Anh4, C.T.B. Van1, T.N. An5, N.T.K. Tien1 The prevalence of NG/CT among FSWs is quite high in this Mekong Delta province, potentially causing an increase in HIV. Mass treatment for cervicitis should be applied to FSWs. |
| TuPE0306 | DISPLAYED AND CLANDESTINE SEX WORKERS IN MALI: HOW DIFFERENT ARE CLANDESTINE SEX WORKERS FROM DISPLAYED SEX WORKERS? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0306 S. Ag Abboubacrine1, S. Charron2, T.A. Bah1, T. Keita1, S. Rashed3 CSW and DSW are two distinct groups. CSW constitute an important risk group with high prevalences of HIV/STI, initiating sex worker early with lower condom use rates, needing differentiated interventions to reach them. |
| TuPE0307 | CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWLY HIV-DIAGNOSED MEN HAVING SEX WITH MEN (MSM) 2005 AT VENHALSAN, GAY MEN'S HEALTH CLINIC AT KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, DEPT. OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0307 S. Nielsen, G. Malmlof, F. Pettersson, G. Bratt, E. Sandstrom This study shows that there is an ongoing spread of HIV among MSM in Stockholm. STI, in particular rectal infections and Syphilis, occurs frequently at HIV-diagnosis and is of importance for the HIV-spread in the group. Partner notification is a particularly effective method to find HIV-positive MSM and all STIs in all locations as well as HIV and Syphilis should be tested in partner notification. |
| TuPE0308 | A NEW HIV SURVEILLANCE INITIATIVE IN AUSTRALIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0308 R. Guy, M. Lim, J. Lewis, M. Hellard This is the first linked HIV sentinel surveillance system in Australia. The results indicate the increase in HIV notifications in 2005 was unrelated to changes in testing. Changes in sexual behaviour, increased STI notifications and HIV prevalence among MSM are likely to be contributing factors. The analysis demonstrated prevention of UAI, especially with HIV positive partners remains an important aspect of future interventions. This system has improved our ability to interpret the HIV epidemiology and inform and evaluate interventions. |
| TuPE0309 | A COMPARISON OF HIV PREVALENCE IN PREVENTION FROM MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) SITES AND ANTENATAL CLINIC (ANC) SURVEILLANCE, ZIMBABWE, 2004 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0309 E. Gonese1, S. Greby2, A. Mahomva1, O. Mugurungi1, Z. Bangani2, S. Hader2 The overall HIV prevalence measures from PMTCT and ANC Surveillance data were similar, however, individual site data varied. The variation is probably due to differences in uptake and targeting of PMTCT services by site which does not affect ANC Surveillance. Changes in uptake of PMTCT services by sites and as programs evolve suggest continual comparison between the two datasets will required to make accurate and meaningful comparisons to consider the point at which PMTCT data may be used to supplement surveillance data. |
| TuPE0310 | SETTING UP AN ELECTRONIC PLATFORM FOR SHARING HIV/AIDS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INFORMATION IN THE PEARL RIVER DELTA REGION, CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0310 W.L. Mak1, P. Lin2, Q.R. He2, C. Lam3, K.H. Wong1, E. Tsui4, S.S. Lee5, H. Tso6 An electronic platform on surveillance data enables the information exchange in a region with high population mobility and helps public health professionals to understand the situation of the region. |
| TuPE0311 | REPORTING OF HIV CASES BY A NON-NAME CODE: THE CHALLENGES OF AND NEED FOR A NAME-BASED REPORTING SYSTEM IN CALIFORNIA, UNITED STATES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0311 L. Hsu1, Y.W. Hu2, D. Frye2, L. Freitas3, S. Schwarcz1 Name based reporting systems are needed in order to have complete, timely, and unduplicated case count. |
| TuPE0312 | A COMPARISON OF ANTENATAL AND POPULATION-BASED HIV DATA IN 2005 IN A HIGH CONTRACEPTING AND LOW FERTILITY POPULATION IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0312 B. Rice1, J. Baetzing-Feigenbaum1, V. Hosegood1, T. Welz2, T. Barnighausen1, K. Herbst1, M.-L. Newell1 Although the pattern was similar in all three estimates, ANC estimates were higher than population estimates across all age-groups. The pattern differs from many other comparisons of prevalence data in Africa where ANC estimates are often lower or similar to population-based estimates. With ANC access with PMTC provision being high, many women will know their HIV status and this may influence their decision to test in this population-based survey. Other possible sources of biases include age-specific ANC attendance, pregnancy reporting and early term HIV-related pregnancy loss. |
| TuPE0313 | USING RESPONDENT DRIVEN SAMPLING TO RECRUIT INJECTION DRUG USERS: IMPLICATIONS OF THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF ILLICIT DRUG DISTRIBUTION AND CONSUMPTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0313 T. Wendel1, R. Curtis2, A. Condé1, H. Hagan1 Respondent driven sampling (RDS), a formalized chain referral recruiting strategy coupled with an analytic apparatus, has recently become a popular methodology to systematically recruit hard to reach or hidden populations like drug users. In RDS, interviewees are invited to recruit additional interviewees from their eligible acquaintances and are paid incentives for recruiting. Studies have argued that RDS is an effective means of recruitment unless potential subjects are extraordinarily socially isolated from others. We report on the differing results of using RDS to recruit injection drug users in four communities as part of a recent CDC-sponsored study in New York City. |
| TuPE0314 | ESTIMATION OF SIZES OF THE KEY POPULATIONS VULNERABLE TO HIV/AIDS IN UKRAINE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0314 L. Husak1, O. Balakireva2, V. Paniotto3, A. Dovbakh1, T. Shamota2, T. Salyuk1, D. Khutkyy3, N. Pohorila4, O. Lavrenov5, T. Petrenko3, T. Perepelytsia1 Estimates obtained for the first time in Ukraine will allow building statistically supported projections for assessing prevention needs of vulnerable groups. Addressing identified calculation gaps will help creating a credible system for key populations sizes estimation. |
| TuPE0315 | APPLICATIONS OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE CANADIAN HIV STRAIN AND DRUG RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0315 J. Brooks1, R. Pilon1, H. Merks1, J. Kim2, G. Jayaraman3, N. Goedhuis3, C. Archibald3, P. Sandstrom1 In Canada, groups of related infections are predominantly B without DR. Overall, clusters did not represent recent infections. However, within some individual clusters the majority of infections were recent suggesting an active outbreak. If HIV testing is being done as part of an ongoing investigation, phylogenetics provides post hoc analytic support. However if incident infections are identified as a component of national surveillance then public health resources can be focused on areas where ongoing transmission may be occurring. To enhance the utility of the molecular epi further data is required to delineate the reason for testing. |
| TuPE0316 | IMPLEMENTATION OF HIV SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE IN FOUR CENTRAL ASIAN REPUBLICS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0316 G. Muratbayeva1, U. Sharapov2, T. Kalashnikova2, M. Favorov1, W. Warren1, I. Erasilova3, V. Krukova3, A. Ismailova4, S. Usmanov5, S. Kolemasova5, A. Mirzoev6, B. Zhussupov7 The HIV epidemic in Central Asia is in a concentrated stage and is driven by IDU. NHAC will continue HIV SS in all four countries to be able to monitor trends in prevalence rates of HIV and STI's and develop focused intervention strategies. |
| TuPE0317 | MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN BRITAIN: A COMPARISON OF NATIONAL PROBABILITY AND SELF-SELECTED INTERNET SAMPLES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0317 A. Evans1, R.D. Wiggins1, C. Mercer2, G. Bolding1, J. Elford1 In Britain, the Internet provides an excellent means of recruiting large and reasonably representative samples of MSM for behavioural surveillance. Internet samples are likely to over-estimate the prevalence of high risk sexual behaviour, however, and the data that they generate should be seen in this context. |
| TuPE0318 | DROPPING OUT OF AN ONLINE SURVEY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG MSM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0318 A. Evans, R.D. Wiggins, G. Bolding, J. Elford Drop out is most likely to occur in the early stages of online surveys of sexual behaviour. The potentially sensitive nature of questions about sexual behaviour is unlikely to prompt high levels of drop out. The differences between those who completed the online survey and those who did not were not strong predictors of drop out. |
| TuPE0319 | ROUTINE TESTING FOR HIV IN BOTSWANA: A COMPARISON OF RESULTS WITH OTHER TESTING PROGRAMMES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0319 F.d.l.H. Gomez, T.W. Steen, M. Anderson, W. Jimbo Sentinel HIV surveillance and RHT showed higher prevalences than voluntary and population-based testing in teenage girls and young women. This is not surprising, as all participants in sentinel surveillance have had sexual experience, and symptomatic patients are overrepresented in the RHT group. Regular sentinel surveillance surveys in pregnant women, as well as population-based studies, are still needed for monitoring trends in HIV prevalence in Botswana, particularly in teenagers and young adults. |
| TuPE0320 | COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF "POLLING BOOTH" SURVEYS IN BEHAVIOURAL SURVEILLANCE FOR LARGE-SCALE HIV PREVENTION PROGRAMMES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0320 H. Kang1, B. Ramesh2, J. Blanchard3, S. Moses4 Polling booth surveys provide valid and reliable data for planning large-scale HIV prevention programmes. Because they are administered in an anonymous environment and findings from these surveys, in comparison with those from face-to-face survey interviews, show similar patterns but greater magnitudes in reported risk behaviours, polling booth survey data reflect a lesser degree of social desirability bias. |
| TuPE0321 | GRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) MAPS PROVIDE IDEAL DECISION SUPPORT FOR INTERVENTION AND FUNDING DECISIONS MADE BY LOCAL HEALTH DEPARTMENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0321 D. Bruckman1, B. Tiedemann2 Geographic information system (GIS) maps provide visual tools for recognizing trends in HIV/AIDS incidence in metropolitan areas. These tools are ideal to determine intervention and funding decisions. While state-level surveillance units lack resources for local analyses, local health departments (LHD) can develop ability to acquire, maintain and analyze reporting data. |
| TuPE0322 | UNLINKED, ANONYMOUS, SECOND-GENERATION HIV SURVEILLANCE IN UNDER-RESOURCED SETTINGS: THE NEED TO LINK EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS, ETHICS AND PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEMS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0322 F. Behets1, A. Norris Turner2, S. Rennie3 Better mechanisms are needed to minimize the social and individual costs of second-generation sentinel surveillance and improve the quality of the data collected. Epidemiologic surveillance methods, ethics and public health systems need to be strengthened and linked. Concrete remedial strategies include using health services delivery information, reviewing justification for unlinked anonymous HIV testing in the local context with key stakeholders and ethical review boards, and developing site-specific operational procedures and enforcement mechanisms for genuine unlinked anonymous HIV testing. |
| TuPE0323 | VENUE-BASED SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SURVEYS FOR VULNERABLE POPULATIONS. FEASIBILITY, ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF TIME LOCATION SAMPLING: RESULTS FROM A MEXICAN EXPERIENCE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0323 C. Gayet1, C. Magis-Rodriguez2, A. Fernandez3, D. Sacknoff4, L. Guli4, A.E. Quiroz5, L.E. De Caso1, R. Ortiz-Mondragon2 Actual field conditions obstruct complex techniques such as TLS and limit the validity of inference based on the survey's results. While truly probabilistic sampling may not be often achieved, TLS still proves to be a valuable tool for selection because it provides replicable sampling procedures, minimizes induced biases and maximizes diversity in the resulting sample. |
| TuPE0324 | USE OF SURVEILLANCE-LINKED TRIANGULATED ANALYSIS FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION OF HIV PREVENTION PROGRAMS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0324 D. Prybylski Multi-method triangulated analyses have proven to be a vital approach to evaluating the effectiveness of HIV prevention programs in settings where more rigorous controlled approaches cannot be used. The inclusion of a detailed 'exposure to intervention' module in surveillance questionnaires is required for this purpose and is highly recommended. |
| TuPE0325 | ROUTINE TESTING FOR HIV IN BOTSWANA: RESULTS FOR THE FIRST TWO YEARS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0325 T.W. Steen, F.D. Gomez, M.G. Anderson, W. Jimbo Routine HIV testing in Botswana has been introduced without major problems, and we think the main objectives have been attained. Testing activity increased significantly from 2004 to 2005. However, the quality of reporting needs to be improved. |
| TuPE0326 | EVALUATION OF HIV SENTINEL SERO-SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM IN THAILAND, 2005 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0326 S. Iamsirithaworn1, R. Detels2 The HSS system has proven to be cost-effective and a major source of information for HIV epidemic monitoring, policy development, and evaluation of control programs at both the provincial and country levels. Recently, budget constraints have affected its sustainability. |
| TuPE0327 | DISCUSSING ACCURACY OF INDICATORS USED IN SENTINEL HIV SURVEILLANCE IN ROSARIO, ARGENTINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0327 M. Chavero1, A. Tomisani2, C. Moyano2, R. Rall2 In many settings the indicator "a" may generate epidemiological misconceptions by underestimating prevalence in pregnants and so on in the adult population. Indicator "b" may achieve a better estimation of Prevalence for epidemiological purposes. Traditional methods may not be "universally" useful. Different methodological aproaches should be used according to each setting conditions. |
| TuPE0328 | FEASIBILITY OF CLINIC-BASED FOLLOW-UP OF UNINFECTED CHILDREN BORN TO HIV-INFECTED WOMEN IN THE UK: THE CHILDREN EXPOSED TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY STUDY (CHART) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0328 C. Hankin1, H. Lyall2, J. Masters1, C. Peckham1, P. Tookey1 Individualised on-going clinic-based follow-up is not feasible. A less intrusive follow-up strategy is being developed, based on linking NSHPC data with other national sources of routinely collected morbidity and mortality data, with appropriate safeguards regarding confidentiality. |
| TuPE0329 | SAMPLING OF HIGH RISK POPULATIONS IN GUYANA: CHALLENGES AND LESSONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0329 N. Persaud1, F. Cox2, C. Noble1, W. Obiero3, M. Bullen-McKenzie2, K. Asiedu1 Methods and systems for continually keeping track of the size and location of the MARPS are needed. Members of the populations should become involved from the initial stages of survey design. |
| TuPE0330 | IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INTERNATIONAL HIV/AIDS TRIALS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPROACH Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0330 K. Busgeeth1, N. Siegfried2 The implementation of the international HTMS is proving to be an effective information gathering and management tool. The technology is regarded as a vehicle for facilitating access to evidence-based health care data and contributing to policy development. |
| TuPE0331 | NATIONAL HIV RISK BEHAVIOR SURVEILLANCE AMONG THAI YOUTH USING HAND-HELD COMPUTER-ASSISTED SELF INTERVIEWS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0331 A. Teeraratkul1, T. Karikan2, S. Jeeyapant1, N. Rattanasuporn2, T. Chemnasiri2, S. Thanpradech1, K. Fox1, J. Tappero1, T. Plipat2 National BSS using PASI was successfully implemented among students. Surveillance indicated high rates of risky behavior in grade 8, 11 and vocational school students. In response, the MOPH is developing new national strategies for HIV prevention among youth and PASI BSS is proposed to measure the prevention program effectiveness. |
| TuPE0332 | MONITORING HIV TRANSMISSION IN SEXUAL HEALTH CLINICS IN AUSTRALIA, 1993 - 2004 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0332 A. McDonald1, J.M. Kaldor2, Collaborative group on sentinel surveillance in sexual health clinics Frequent antibody testing among homosexually active men seen at sexual health clinics suggest a recent increase in HIV transmission in Australia. |
| TuPE0333 | INCREASING ASCERTAINMENT OF INCIDENT HIV INFECTION REPORTED TO THE NYC DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND MENTAL HYGIENE: MATURATION OF A NEW HIV REPORTING SYSTEM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0333 Y. Bennani1, L. Torian2 These findings suggest that new diagnoses reported to the NYC HIV surveillance system increasingly represent recently infected persons. In addition to reflecting the absorption of prevalent diagnoses in early years of HIV surveillance, these trends may be evidence of successful efforts for case finding and increasing awareness of HIV status in NYC, leading to more timely diagnosis of HIV and improved ascertainment of incidence by the surveillance system. |
| TuPE0334 | GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) FOR HIV/AIDS FOR TAMIL NADU Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0334 K. Niraimathi, P. Krishnamurthy Periodic input of data enables to serve the data globally and the continuous efforts towards this work will allow for better decision making. |
| TuPE0335 | TRANSFERAL OF SAMPLING TECHNOLOGY FOR MOST AT RISK POPULATIONS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0335 A. Barbosa-Junior1, A.R. Pascom1, C.L. Szwarcwald2, W. McFarland3, C. Kendal4, S. Westman5, C.D.B. Dhalia1, L. Monteiro1, W. Brady5 That with this experience as a starting point, protocols be elaborated for research on these populations making use of the methodologies that have been assimilated. |
| TuPE0336 | ROUTINE HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING FOR PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) OF HIV IN A RURAL UGANDAN HOSPITAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0336 J. Namonyo Kalamya1, J. Homsy2, J. Obonyo3, J. Ojwang3, R. Mugumya1, C. Opio1, J. Mermin2 Routine opt-out HCT was well received and achieved high coverage in this setting. Intrapartum HCT may be an acceptable and feasible way to increase individual and couple-PMTCT participation. |
| TuPE0337 | BREASTMILK VIRAL LOAD AND POSTNATAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0337 T. Taha1, N. Kumwenda1, S. Fiscus2, G. Kafulafula3, S. Chen1, C. Nkhoma1, R. Broadhead3, D. Hoover4 A balanced approach consisting of weaning by 6 months and/or antiretroviral prophylaxis throughout breastfeeding duration should be considered to reduce HIV postnatal transmission. |
| TuPE0338 | PMTCT SERVICES IN HIGHER PREVALENCE COUNTRIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE PROGRAM DIRECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0338 A.N. Spensley, C.M. Wilfert, EGPAF PMTCT Group The PMTCT programs in these countries have expanded and reached over 1.3 million women. However, the high prevalence illustrates the need to scale-up services immediately. Regimen choices feasible for immediate implementation should continue to be considered, including single dose nevirapine, as an interim measure while more complex regimens are rolled-out. |
| TuPE0339 | LONG-TERM SAFETY OF HIV PERINATAL PROPHYLAXIS USING NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGUES IN SOUTH AFRICAN CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0339 A. Violari1, G. Gray1, L. Reynolds2, L. Odeshoo2, M.-A. Horga2, J. Hammond2 Results obtained approximately 5 years after exposure show no evidence of long-term, NRTI-related toxicity in children who received NRTIs in-utero and in the first 6 weeks of life. The type and frequency of reported medical events were as expected during childhood for children living in this area and not likely related to NRTI therapy. |
| TuPE0340 | ADHERENCE TO EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND FORMULA FEEDING IN A RANDOMIZED HIV TRANSMISSION PREVENTION TRIAL IN BOTSWANA (THE MASHI STUDY) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0340 I. Thior1, S. Kim2, R. Shapiro3, C. Wester1, S. Lockman3, L. Smeaton2, S. Lagakos2, R. Marlink3, J. Makhema1, M. Essex3, J. Heymann4, for the Mashi Study Team Adherence to formula feeding was higher than adherence to EBF, despite ongoing staff counseling and support. Adherence to EBF for postpartum MTCT prevention will require counseling strategies addressing local infant feeding practices and enabling HIV-positive women to disclose their HIV status. |
| TuPE0341 | ASSESSING STORAGE SAFETY OF FLASH-HEATED BREASTMILK AS AN INFANT FEEDING OPTION FOR HIV POSITIVE MOTHERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0341 K. Israel-Ballard1, A. Coutsoudis2, C. Chantry3, W. Sturm4, F. Karim4, L. Sibeko5, B. Abrams1 FH eliminated potential contaminants and adequately inhibited bacterial growth over 8 hours storage. This supports previous data showing FH to be a safe feeding option. |
| TuPE0342 | WHO AND UNICEF INFANT FEEDING POLICY FOR HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN - HOW FEASIBLE IS IT? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0342 R.M. Bland1, M.L. Newell1, N.C. Rollins2, A. Coutsoudis2, H.M. Coovadia2 Compared to our pilot, this programme achieved high rates of sustained EBF according to a strict WHO definition. Well-trained lay counsellors offer an effective alternative to over-stretched medical and nursing staff. |
| TuPE0343 | INJECTABLE SUSTAINED RELEASE NEVIRAPINE, DESIGNED TO BE CO-ADMINISTERED IN PROGRAMS OF ACCELERATED DPT IMMUNIZATION, FOR THE PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD HIV TRANSMISSION ASSOCIATED WITH BREAST FEEDING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0343 T. Smith1, J.L. Sullivan2, M. Neely3, R. Jelliffe4, F. Phu5, N. Elfes5, C. De Melo5, R. Bencomo5, L. Battaglia5, K. Arunraj5, M. Baum5 A sustained release monthly injection could be piggy-backed onto existing accelerated DPT immunization programs for breast feeding infants in developing countries and could maintain protective nevirapine levels until weaning. Such a system might be more feasible than daily oral delivery in a context of limited resources. |
| TuPE0344 | INFANT FEEDING COUNSELLING FOR HIV-INFECTED WOMEN: APPROPRIATENESS OF CHOICE AND PRACTICE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0344 R.M. Bland1, N.C. Rollins2, M.L. Newell1, A. Coutsoudis2, H.M. Coovadia2 Most women did not have the 4 resources considered necessary for RF, but chose appropriately to EBF. Adherence to intention was higher in those who chose to EBF than RF. 'Spillover' to negative women appears minimal, despite provision of free formula in the area. Lay HIV counsellors are able to provide quality infant feeding counselling according to international guidelines. |
| TuPE0345 | VERTICAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 INFECTION IN NORTHERN NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0345 A.S. Sagay1, S.D. Pam1, J. Musa1, O. Adekwu1, G. Imade1, R. Omoregie1, J.-L. Sankale2, S. Kapiga2, J. Idoko1, P. Kanki2 Antiretroviral regimens for preventing MTCT are efficacious in Nigeria as elsewhere. Caesarean section is also protective but in our setting, it is plagued with concerns about safety and cost. |
| TuPE0346 | PRIVATE MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS AND PMTCT SERVICES IN KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0346 P. Gichangi1, A. Grubel2, D. Adriance3, D. Wohlfahrt3, J. Muriuki4, C. Karanja5, M. Waithaka6 PPs well trained are able to provide quality PMTCT services in Kenya. Through network of private providers who are mostly located in rural areas, ACQUIRE program has been able to increase access to HIV/AIDS services among communities who otherwise would not have had access to such services. PP networks should be included in national PMTCT programs. |
| TuPE0347 | THE ROLE OF GOGOS (GRAND PARENTS) IN INCREASING UPTAKE OF HIV-TESTS AND PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) SERVICES IN MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0347 K.A.C. Mhango Involving gogos in PMTCT is an excellent approach for breaking down cultural barriers that influence HIV transmission from mother-to-child and prevent women for seeking HIV-test and PMTCT services timely. |
| TuPE0348 | MUCOSAL EXPOSURE TO HIV-1 DOES NOT LEAD TO INTRAPARTUM TRANSMISSION AFTER NEVIRAPINE SINGLE DOSE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0348 A. Kunz1, K. Mugenyi2, H. Karcher1, A. Mayer1, S. Simo1, M. Ali3, G. Harms1 Intrapartum HIV infection after mucosal exposure did not occur after administration of a single dose of nevirapine. |
| TuPE0349 | IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCIES NOT DETECTED IN THE BREAST MILK OF HIV-INFECTED WOMEN IN BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0349 R. Shapiro1, S. Kim2, J. Rahkola3, S. Lockman4, I. Thior5, C. Wester5, C. Moffat5, P. Arimi5, P. Ndase5, A. Asmelash5, L. Stevens5, J. Makhema5, M. Essex6, E. Janoff3, The Mashi Study Team No intrinsic breast milk deficiencies were identified among HIV-infected women whose infants were either ill or well, or in comparison with HIV-uninfected women. This suggests that the breast milk of HIV-infected women offers protection against common pathogens. |
| TuPE0350 | TWO-YEAR MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN BREASTFED AND FORMULA-FED CHILDREN BORN TO HIV-INFECTED MOTHERS, ANRS 1201/1202 DITRAME PLUS, ABIDJAN, CÔTE D'IVOIRE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0350 R. Becquet1, D.K. Ekouevi2, C. Sakarovitch1, I. Viho2, L. Bequet2, P. Fassinou3, G. Bedikou2, F. Dabis1, M. Timite-Konan3, V. Leroy1 We found no difference in two-year rates of adverse health outcomes between early weaned breastfed and formulafed children. Given appropriate nutritional counselling and care, access to clean water and supply of breastmilk substitutes, formula-feeding can be a safe intervention to prevent postnatal HIV transmission in urban African settings. |
| TuPE0351 | PREVALENCE OF DUAL HIV-1 INFECTION IN PREGNANCY: A PILOT STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0351 B.S. Akouamba1, N. Merindol1, J. Samson2, N. Lapointe2, M. Boucher2, H. Soudeyns1 Results obtained in this pilot study indicate that dual infection can be evidenced in a significant proportion of pregnant women infected with HIV-1. Further studies will be required to properly assess the impact of dual infection on disease progression, pregnancy outcome, and MTCT. |
| TuPE0352 | SCALING-UP PMTCT SERVICE DELIVERY: USING PARENTAL KNOWLEDGE TO REINFORCE PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION STRATEGIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0352 J. Mabirizi, A. Mugume, B. Muwa, J. Kasaija, S. Mwebembezi, S. Kakiiza Despite the good knowledge about MTCT among both men and women, it is important to reinforce the risk faced during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Encouraging pregnant women to take an HIV test and to deliver in the formal health sector also result in a higher possibility of uptake of the PMTCT intervention. |
| TuPE0353 | NEVIRAPINE IS DETECTABLE IN BREAST MILK UP TO 2 WEEKS AFTER SINGLE DOSE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0353 A. Kunz1, K. Mugenyi2, H. Karcher1, A. Mayer1, A. Weidenhammer1, S. Mashate2, G. Harms1 NVP concentrations were detectable in all breast milk specimens after maternal intake maintaining levels of several times the IC50 of NVP for up to 2 weeks. It is conceivable that, after single dose of NVP to the mother, the breastfed infant is protected from HIV infection during the first 2 weeks. In contrast, if the infant is infected through breast milk it is likely that it acquires a NVP resistant virus. |
| TuPE0354 | MOTHER-TO-CHILD HIV TRANSMISSION AND INFANT MORTALITY AMONG WOMEN RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IN RURAL UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0354 J. Homsy1, D. Moore1, A. Barasa2, C. Likicho2, P. Behumbiize1, J. Namugga2, B. Waiswa2, W. Were2, R. Bunnell1, J. Mermin1 Although no HIV MTCT occurred among breastfeeding mothers on HAART, both exclusive and total breastfeeding duration determined infant survival. Revised infant feeding guidelines for women on HAART may be warranted. |
| TuPE0355 | CHALLENGES IN THE SCALE-UP OF PMTCT SERVICES IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0355 P. Datong1, B. Matawal2, N. Lar2, A. Ajene3, B. Inyang1, E. Mang4, D. Jelpe5, D. Damshak5, C.P. Gyang4, M. Charurat3, A. Abimiku3 Social marketing campaigns should be coupled with effective and continuous counseling to raise HIV/AIDS awareness and program participation; Practice same day result VCT to reduce missed opportunities; design programs that ensure SD-NVP for mothers at the onset of labor; involve male partners in decision making on program participation and feeding choices; institute Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis to infants to decrease the incidence of ARI/diarrhea; and link PMTCT to ARV's services to improve effectiveness and participation. |
| TuPE0356 | A SUSTAINABLE BABY FOOD SUPPORT FOR HIV-1-INFECTED MOTHERS. THE KESBO BORA STUDY (KB) INITIATIVE IN BURKINA FASO Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0356 C. Cames1, C. Mouquet2, K. Ayassou3, O. Ky-Zerbo4, B. Bazin5, I. de Vicenzi6, N. Méda4, K. Simondon1 Following evaluation in a research context, the product should be tested in broader contexts. If the outcome is satisfactory, this locally produced infant flour could subsequently be distributed at a larger scale, with the agreement and collaboration of the national Health and Nutrition Authorities. |
| TuPE0357 | MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY AMONG INFANTS BORN TO HIV-INFECTED MOTHERS AND RANDOMIZED TO BREASTFEEDING VERSUS FORMULA-FEEDING IN BOTSWANA (MASHI STUDY) Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0357 S. Lockman1, L. Smeaton2, R. Shapiro3, I. Thior4, C. Wester4, L. Stevens4, C. Moffat4, P. Ndase4, P. Arimi4, A. Asmelash4, A. Owor4, J. Makhema4, M. Essex4, Mashi Study Team FF was associated with significantly higher rates of infant mortality and severe pneumonia and diarrhea by 6 months, particularly among HIV-infected children. Twenty-four month HIV-free survival did not differ between arms. With the exception of grade 3/4 pneumonia and in the context of weaning at 6 months by the BF arm, differences by feeding arm were attenuated by 24 months. |
| TuPE0358 | SCALING-UP PMTCT PROGRAMS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: A SITE-BASED PERFORMANCE EVALUATION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0358 E. Audureau1, M. Péchevis2, J.G. Kahn3, M.-H. Besson2, J. Saba2, J. Ladner1 These results highlight the issue of ensuring efficient scale-up of PMTCT programs, while heterogeneity between center outcomes was very high. Smaller facilities appear more efficient, both in testing and global performance, inviting further research in the field to determine specific factors implied in performance and program achievement. |
| TuPE0359 | QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN THE PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD HIV TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) IN CAMEROON Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0359 J. Nkfusai1, P. Tih1, G. Ndikintum1, G. Nkuoh1, J. Kidio1, L. Ngah1, E. Mboh1, C. Hoblitzelle2, C. Wilfert2, E. Welty1, T. Welty1 In 2004, USAID recognized the CBCHB PMTCT as a best and promising practice and signed a partnership agreement with CBCHB to provide PMTCT training for the West African region. Challenges include providing bi-therapy and tritherapy to HIV positive ANC clients, providing antiretroviral therapy to those need it, enhancing safe infant feeding, and making PMTCT services available to all pregnant women. |
| TuPE0360 | CHARACTERISTICS OF PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV (PMTCT) PROGRAMS IN PEACEFUL, POST-CONFLICT AND CONFLICT-AFFECTED REGIONS IN UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0360 C. Pierotti1, M. Lowicki-Zucca2, L. Ciccio3, G. Saporetti4, B. Nattabi5, M. Imi3, L. Bassani6, L. Ojom7, S. Schiava3, J. Kalule8, P. Giambelli3, F. Ciantia6 Albeit conflict is often locally reported to accelerate the spread of HIV, prevalence in conflict-affected regions is similar to rates in other peaceful regions. As reflected by indicators of acceptance of counselling and testing, the PMTCT program received a great response by the communities, and especially by internally displaced women. PMTCT coverage remains low in most of the regions and scaling up is urgent and possible even in rural and conflict-affected areas. |
| TuPE0361 | LINKING VCT AND PMTCT: AN OPPORTUNITY TO INCREASE MALE PARTNER INVOLVEMENT IN PMTCT IN KAMPALA, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0361 R. King1, G. Waiswa2, D. Serukka2, J. Homsy3, F. Kitabire3, D. Kabatesi3 Program data suggests that linking VCT and PMTCT services resulted in a dramatic increase in male participation in the PMTCT program. |
| TuPE0362 | PEDIATRIC OUTCOMES AFTER PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) INTERVENTIONS IN HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0362 A.H. Sohn1, Q.T. Le2, X.L. Truong3, T.G. Le4, H.K. Truong2, D.W. Wara5, G.W. Rutherford6 In this study cohort of primarily non-breastfed infants, MTCT was 5.4% where mothers received some form of ARV intervention, and 10.5% among those for whom there was either absent or unknown antepartum ARV exposure. Early CD4 percentage and total lymphocyte counts were high in HIV-infected infants. Further analysis of test results and investigation of the high rate of transaminitis will continue. |
| TuPE0363 | INFLUENCE OF HLA-G ON MOTHER-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0363 K. Gill, F. Plummer Our current data shows that there are significant associations between HLAG2 homozygous genotypes and the transmission of HIV-1 to children. There is also a strong trend that indicates homozygous mothers for allele G*0105N show resistance to HIV-1 transmission. |
| TuPE0364 | INNOVATIVE BOTTLENECK-SOLVING STRATEGIES FOR TAKING PMTCT PROGRAMS TO SCALE: LEARNING FROM PROVEN COUNTRY EXPERIENCES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0364 N. Ngashi1, C. Luo1, D. Mulenga2, R. Gass1 Numerous evidence-based bottleneck-solving strategies now exist. These experiences need to be rapidly documented and disseminated to guide global programming if the universal access goal and 2010 PMTCT UNGASS target are to be achieved. |
| TuPE0365 | EXPANDING ACCESS TO PMTCT: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF 65 PROGRAMS IMPLEMENTED IN 30 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0365 J. Ladner1, M. Péchevis2, V. Delbos1, C. Arnold2, M.H. Besson2, J.G. Kahn3, J. Saba2 These findings demonstrate that operational NVP-based PMTCT programs are expanding in routine ANC in many resource-limited settings. Access to NVP increased over time, suggesting improvement of VCT cascade continuum and PMTCT program management as programs continued their expansion. However, NVP coverage is relatively low, suggesting that barriers remain to be challenged in PMTCT services. Large-scale multi-country assessments may be needed to improve health services. |
| TuPE0366 | THE RISING TREND IN CAESAREAN SECTION FOR PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN JOS, NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0366 J. Musa, A.S. Sagay, C.C. Ekwempu, A. Ocheke, S. Ngwan The rising trend in caesarean section for MTCT of HIV is associated with a corresponding increase in case fatality for caesarean section. With increase access to combination antiretroviral prophylaxis for preventing MTCT of HIV, our current practice requires urgent evaluation. |
| TuPE0367 | INFANT FEEDING PATTERNS IN THE CONTEXT HIV: RESULTS FROM PMTCT SITES IN SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0367 A. Goga1, D. Jackson2, T. Doherty3, M. Chopra3, M. Colvin4, J. Levin5, Good Start Study Group Infant feeding patterns are complex, and in the context of HIV need to be thoroughly interrogated and understood before mother-infant pairs can be classified into categories. |
| TuPE0368 | ACCELERATED HIV TESTING IN MATERNITY AND LABOUR WARDS IS VITAL TO CAPTURE MOTHERS AT CRITICAL POINTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE PMTCT COVERAGE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0368 J. Beltman1, M. Fitzgerald2, J. Kazime2, L. Buhendwa2, M. Massaquoi2, R. Zacchariah3 Mother to child transmission (MCT) accounts for almost 1 million newly infected children in Sub Saharan Africa annually. Up to 63% HIV positive deliveries been missed in Thyolo district hospital (1). We examined the impact of accelerated HIV testing in the maternity and delivery wards in the hospital where a prevention of mother to child transmission programme (PMTCT) has been implemented since April 2002. The HIV prevalence at the hospital antenatal clinic (ANC) is 20%. |
| TuPE0369 | AN EVALUATION OF STUDY NURSES' IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INFANT FEEDING COUNSELING PROTOCOL FOR HIV-INFECTED MOTHERS: THE BAN STUDY IN LILONGWE, MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0369 Y.O. Ferguson1, M. Bentley1, E. Piwoz2, C. Zulu3, C. Chasela3, B. Bramson1, A. Soko3, M. Tembo3, D. Chilongozi3, F. Martinson3, S. Albrecht4, B.C. Tohill4, Y. Ahmed4, P. Kazembe5, D. Jamieson4, C. van der Horst1, for the BAN Study Team Continuous monitoring of IFC is needed to ensure quality counseling and support to mothers. Our process evaluation results helped to identify training needs and will help to facilitate interpretation of study outcomes. |
| TuPE0370 | ROLE OF EARLY DISCLOSURE IN ACCESS AND ADHERENCE IN THE PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV (PMTCT) PROGRAMME AT ENTEBBE, UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0370 J. Rwemisisi1, B. Wolff1, J. Todd2, A. Elliot3, R. Kazibwe4, H. Grosskurth5 PMTCT programmes identify women at early stages of HIV infection and social adjustment. Encouraging disclosure to partners may improve adherence to feeding recommendations, but antenatal counseling services need to be reinforced to address the particular challenges of early status recognition and partner disclosure. |
| TuPE0371 | INCREASING COUPLE COUNSELING AND TESTING FOR HIV WITHIN THE PMTCT PROGRAM IN UGANDA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0371 A. Medley1, E. Aguti2, D. Akurut2, L. Andrews3 Based on the results of this research we recommend that a three prong intervention, incorporating the three interventions described above, be implemented to increase the number of couples C&T together within the antenatal setting. Rigorous evaluation of these intervention concepts is now needed to measure their effectiveness. |
| TuPE0372 | REDUCING VERTICAL HIV TRANSMISSION IN KINSHASA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: TRENDS IN IMPLEMENTATION AND HIV PREVALENCE BY TYPE OF ANTENATAL CLINIC Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0372 G. Musuamba1, L. Dulli2, R. Briggs2, M. Khan2, E. Okitolonda1, J. Kokolomami3, S. Callens2, J. Kaufman2, F. Behets2 PMTCT roll-out was possible in a challenging post-conflict context of poverty and general infrastructure degradation including severe deficiencies in health care service delivery. Technical assistance was essential to program implementation. PMTCT uptake and delivery differed substantially across maternity sectors. The differences in HIV prevalence by sector have implications for HIV surveillance. |
| TuPE0373 | FACTORS RELEVANT TO INFANT FEEDING COUNSELLING FOR HIV-INFECTED WOMEN IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA: FINDINGS FROM A FORMATIVE RESEARCH ABOUT INFANT FEEDING PRACTICES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0373 T. Abiona1, A. Onayade1, K. Ijadunola1, P. Obiajunwa2, O. Aina3, L. Thairu4 In counselling HIV-infected women about infant feeding in South-west Nigeria, stigma associated with not breastfeeding and ability to meet AFASS of replacement feeding options are important factors to be considered. Recommendations on appropriate infant feeding options for infants of HIV-infected women in South-west Nigeria are provided. |
| TuPE0374 | HIV-FREE SURVIVAL AT 36 WEEKS IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0374 D. Jackson1, M. Chopra2, T. Doherty2, M. Colvin3, J. Levin4, A. Goga5, J. Willumsen1, P. Moodley6, Good Start Study Group These findings suggest that expanded anti-viral regimens are needed to reduce maternal viral load. In addition, ever breastfeeding and underlying inequities in health care quality within South Africa are predictors of PMTCT programme performance and will need to be addressed to assure optimal programme effectiveness. The scale-up and implementation of new programmes such as PMTCT should be designed to actively catalyse broader health systems development, rather than as a narrow single-issue intervention. |
| TuPE0375 | PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH IN PRACTICE: HIV-INFECTED WOMEN AS PARTNERS IN DEVELOPING INFANT FEEDING EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0375 S. Nzuza1, L. Sibeko2, D. Naicker1, A. Coutsoudis1, K. Gray-Donald3 Health workers can use a participatory approach to identify and address relevant community-specific issues for PLWHA in a more meaningful manner, by mobilizing community members to collaborate in solving their own health concerns. |
| TuPE0376 | NEGATIVE PRESSURE FEMALE CONDOM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0376 U. Rani Negative Pressure Female Condoms exhibit good anchorage nullifying instability of the condom. This technology will improve the functionality of the Female Condom, make it more user friendly and increase the incidence of protected sexual acts. The performance of the condom depends upon adequate understanding and proper usage of it. |
| TuPE0377 | STANDARDIZATION OF DIAPHRAGM SIZING IN A MULTI-SITE HIV PREVENTION TRIAL IN AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0377 M. Kamba1, E. Montgomery2, N. Lince3, T. Chipato1, N. Maharaj4, A. van der Straten2 Clinician and clinic-site differences in the diaphragm-size distribution were addressed through re-training. Regular monitoring to ensure standardized fitting procedures is an important component of the successful implementation of the MIRA trial. |
| TuPE0378 | PROMOTING THE FEMALE CONDOM IN THE REFUGEE SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0378 J. Papo1, M. Schilperoord2 Field staff should: include men in promotion efforts; train women on condom negotiation skills; make female condoms available through a diversity of outlets; work with community and religious leaders to help shape attitudes. Program implementers should: secure sufficient female condom supplies; ensure health providers, peer educators and workshop leaders receive training; share experiences to inform the provision of future female-controlled technologies such as microbicides. |
| TuPE0379 | CONDOM USE AND CONSISTENCY OF USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0379 A. Bankole1, S. Neema2, C. Ouedraogo3, H. Ahmed1 Adolescent women and men are doing fairly well in protecting themselves against unwanted pregnancy and STI by using the condom. Also, the consistency of use of the method is fairly high given what is commonly believed. However, there is substantial room for improvement and findings from this study can be used by policy makers and program planners to help meet the needs of young people. |
| TuPE0380 | PUBLIC HEALTH BENEFITS TO PARTICIPANTS AND THE COMMUNITY ARISING FROM A CLINICAL RESEARCH TRIAL IN ZIMBABWE Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0380 A.C. Chidanyika1, E. Montgomery2, A. van der Straten3, K. Blanchard4, T. Chipato1 From a public health perspective, in settings where the public sector is limited by lack of resources, participants may receive better clinical care in clinical trials, not only through testing/treatment of STIs and other reproductive health problems, but also in accessing information on HIV/AIDS and support networks in the community. Clinical trialists should continue to establish partnerships with community organizations to facilitate access to existing resources for their participants. |
| TuPE0381 | AN INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MODEL ROGRAM FOR A NON-CHEMICAL WOMAN-CONTROLLED BARRIER METHOD TO COMBAT HIV/AIDS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0381 P. Kiwanuka-Mukiibi The partnership will conduct clinical trials in Uganda with focus on the farmers, fisherman and army populations. The public-private partnership is partnering with the Uganda National Farmers Federation to propagate the Model Program throughout the Federation's network in East and West Africa to advance the Model Program's replication among its affiliated country organizations eighty-percent of which is composed of women. |
| TuPE0382 | DECREASED CONDOM BREAKAGE AND SLIPPAGE AFTER COUNSELING MEN AT AN STI CLINIC IN JAMAICA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0382 M. Steiner1, D. Taylor1, T. Hylton-Kong2, N. Mehta1, P. Figueroa3, D. Bourne4, M. Hobbs5, F. Behets5 While reported condom breakage and slippage decreased significantly after counseling, we need to improve condom counseling to reduce failure rates further. Future research should focus on identifying the key messages and communication strategies that will effectively promote correct and consistent condom use for STI/HIV prevention. |
| TuPE0383 | PATTERN OF CONDOM USE AND PERCEIVED RISK OF HIV INFECTION AMONG FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0383 A.K. Adeneye1, A.A. Adeneye2, M.A. Mafe1, A. Adeiga3 Results showed pervasive condom use with high incidence of breakage, low self-perceived risk of HIV infection and drug/substance abuse. Hence, there is need for urgent IEC/BCC interventions on proper condom use particularly targeting FSWs who use no condom or often experience condom breakage with clients and deemed it less imperative to use condom with their regular/trusted partners emphasising their vulnerability to HIV/STIs and dangers of self-medication. |
| TuPE0384 | ASSESSING THE FEASIBILITY OF INTRODUCING VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING (VCT) IN MANDATORY DETOXIFICATION AND REEDUCATION CENTERS FOR INJECTING DRUG USERS (IDUS) AND COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS (CSW) IN CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0384 K. Khoshnood1, A. Ali2, M. Wei3, Z. Wu3 If confidentiality can be ensured at the detoxification and re-education centers, VCT is positively supported by the target populations. Compared to the IDUs, more prevention activities are needed to improve awareness of knowledge of HIV among CSWs before VCT can be introduced. |
| TuPE0385 | EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TIME AND PH ON INACTIVATING HIV-1 IN CRACK INJECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0385 M.C. Clatts1, D. Volsky2, L.A. Goldsamt1, J. Nitkiewicz2 Current public health recommendations target the use of ascorbic acid as a means of reducing HIV transmission risk in crack injection. These data suggest that these recommendations may need to be revised in order to acknowledge the extended exposure time that is required to effectively inactivate cell-associated HIV-1. |
| TuPE0386 | IDENTIFICATION OF NEW SOURCES OF HIV TRANSMISSION IN YOUNG IDU'S IN VIETNAM Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0386 M.C. Clatts, G.M. Le, L.A. Goldsamt, H. Yi Research is needed on potential of sacs to draw increased lymphocytes to the injection site and thereby increase HIV transmission risk. Early interventions for young injectors in Vietnam are urgently needed, targeting vein health and related sources of injection-mediated harm. |
| TuPE0387 | RISKY INJECTION LOCATIONS AS POTENTIAL SAFE INJECTION SITES: REDUCING UNSAFE INJECTION WHERE IT IS OCCURRING Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0387 N. Degani1, A. Bayoumi2, L. Calzavara1, D. Behrens3, P. Millson1 As Toronto considers the implementation of SIS, it may be wise to consider increasing the safety of injection locations that are already in use through targeted outreach. This may prove to have some of the same benefits as a separate location for safe injection, and be more easily provided in a city with very dispersed sites of drug use. |
| TuPE0388 | THE IMPACT OF NEEDLE EXCHANGE USE ON INJECTION RISK BEHAVIOURS: WHAT SHOULD WE MEASURE? Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0388 N. Degani1, A. Bayoumi2, D. Behrens3, L. Calzavara1, P. Millson1 Evaluations of NEPs should carefully consider their NEP utilization measures. Further examination of receiving all needles from a NEP is warranted; at a minimum, this finding supports the necessity of ensuring sufficient numbers of needles to meet all attendee needs. |
| TuPE0389 | Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0389 Abstract not available |
| TuPE0390 | PROVIDING YOUNG PEOPLE WITH REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, HIV/AIDS INFORMATION AND LEADERSHIP SKILLS USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AS AN ENTRY POINT Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0390 E. Inetianbor1, B. Adeeyo1, K. Ezechiedo1, C. Onyia2, L. Adekoya3 More attention should be geared towards alternative programmes for young peoples development within HIV/AIDS programming to enhance young adults independent development. |
| TuPE0391 | DENSITOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF DOT BLOT ASSAYS FOR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 AND 2 ANTIBODIES Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0391 M. Ravanshad1, F. Sabahi1, F. Mahboudi2, S. Bayanolhagh2 Densitometric analysis of DB assays allowed to quantify the antibodies against HIV-1 and 2 Gag and Env proteins and might be useful to investigate possible humoral immune correlates of production in HIV vaccine studies and antibody production in the early phase of infection. |
| TuPE0392 | ASSESSMENT OF TRANSFUSION RISK FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 AT ADDIS ABABA BLOOD BANK CENTER, ETHIOPIA Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0392 T. Mekonen1, B. Petros1, T. Messele2, G. Tesfaye3, M. Girma2, T. Tilahun2, H. Mellese2, D. Wolday2 All blood units that have been screened negative for HIV Ag/Ab and donated were found to be negative by more advanced molecular techniques, suggesting that the current blood supply at ERCS-NBTS is safe. |
| TuPE0393 | UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION: KNOWLEDGE & COMPLIANCES RISK OF INFECTION AMONG THE PRIMARY HEALTH WORKERS IN WESTERN DEVELOPMENT OF REGION, NEPAL Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0393 N. Timilshina1, D.M.A. Ansari2 Results showed poor knowledge & irregular supply of material, equipment and instrument are induce lack of compliance of using infection control measures. However, formal training in universal precaution is urgently needed, protective equipment is to be provided while monitoring & disciplinary measure for poor compliances are necessary to improve infection control in Primary Health Care Units especially among the BHWs. |
| TuPE0394 | INCREASE IN VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATION IS THE KEY TO REDUCE TRANSMISSION OF HIV THROUGH BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0394 R. Sivaraj, V. Sankaran, J. Murugesan Enhance the quality control mechanisms as well as intensify the drive for voluntary blood donation and make the blood collection centers donor friendly. |
| TuPE0395 | PREVALENCE OF CIRCUMCISION IN MEN IN THE UNITED STATES: DATA FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY (NHANES), 1999-2002 Int Conf AIDS. 2006 Aug 13-18;16:Abstract No. TuPE0395 F. Xu, L. Markowitz, M. Sternberg, S. Aral In the United States the prevalence of circumcision is high, but differs by race-ethnicity. The prevalence of circumcision decreased in those born in the 1980s compared to those born in the 1970s. Sexual behaviors did not differ by circumcision status. |