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17th International AIDS ConferenceMexico City — August 3-8, 2008 |
Cite as: Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. xx
| Table of Contents Main Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Late-Breakers |
| Monday |
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| MOPL01 | Plenary Session | |
| Panel Discussion on the State of the Epidemic |
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| MOPL0101 | State of the Epidemic Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MOPL0101 Geoffrey Garnett Power Point Presentation |
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| MOPL0102 | State of the Epidemic Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MOPL0102 aime Sepulveda Not available |
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| MOPL0103 | State of the Epidemic Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MOPL0103 Alex Coutinho Power Point Presentation |
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| MOPL0104 | State of the Epidemic Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MOPL0104 Elisabet Fadul Power Point Presentation |
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| MOAA01 | Abstract Session | |
| Animal and Cellular Models of HIV Pathogenesis |
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| MoAa0101 | HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES HAVE LITTLE EFFECT ON CONTROLLING VIREMIA DURING SIVagm INFECTION OF AFRICAN GREEN MONKEYS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0101 T. Gaufin1, M. Pattison1, C. Stoulig1, R. Gautam1, M. Barnes1, C. Monjure1, M. Marx1, D. Montefiori2, C. Apetrei1, I. Pandrea1 Our study shows that humoral immune responses play no significant role in SIV viral replication control during acute and chronic SIVagm infection in the natural host. |
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| MoAa0102 | HUMANIZED Rag2-/- γ c-/- MICE: A MODEL FOR HIV-1 ANTIBODY RESPONSES AND ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY INVESTIGATION Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0102 K. Sango1, A. Joseph1, S. Buhl2, M. Patel1, K. Osiecki1, J. Ciano1, H. Goldstein1 We demonstrate here that humanized Rag2-/- γ c-/- mice are able to mount anti-HIV-1 humoral responses after intrasplenic infection and can serve as a valuable in vivo infection model to study HIV-1 pathogenesis, immunology, virology and treatments. |
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| MoAa0103 | HAART EFFECTS ON MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION IN HUMAN BRAIN CELLS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0103 C. Kim, J. Lloyd, D. Libutti, M. Gerschenson Mitochondrial genetic and functional changes were observed in human cortical neurons treated with AZT/3TC/lopinavir/ritonavir and these alterations may be contributing to the etiology of HAD. | |
| MoAa0104 | DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A HUMANIZED-CERVICOVAGINAL MURINE MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF HIV-1 TRANSMISSION AND INFECTION Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0104 T. Kish-Catalone The NOD/SCID human xenograft model may provide a unique small animal system for the study of HIV-1 transmission in tissue with human immune target cells, and for examining initial cell populations involved in the establishment of HIV-1 infection. Further, this model can be developed as an inexpensive, large-scale screening tool for assessing pre-clinical microbicide-induced damage to the cervicovaginal mucosa and for determining the efficacy of candidate compounds in an anatomically representative system. |
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| MoAa0105 | THE TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 2 LIGAND ZYMOSAN INHIBITS HIV-1 REPLICATION IN HUMAN PRIMARY CELLS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0105 H.K. Pimenta-Inada1, L.G. Jucá1, C.C. Cirne-Santos1, D.C. Bou-Habib2 Our results show that the TLR2 ligand zymosan inhibits HIV-1 replication in human PBMCs and macrophages, when added either before or after infection. It is possible that the increment of β-chemokine production contributes to this inhibition. Our results warrant further studies on the mechanisms underlying the antiretroviral activity of zymosan and the role of TLR2 in this phenomenon. |
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| MOAA02 | Abstract Session | |
| Molecular Epidemiology of HIV Diversity |
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| MoAa0202 | PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 CRF07_BC PREVAILING IN THE TWO MAJOR PROVINCES IN CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0202 R. Xin, H. Xing, X. He, Z. Meng, Y. Feng, J. Wei, Y. Shao The epidemiology and molecular epidemiology data indicated that CRF07_BC was spread from south to north in the west part of China. This study provided direct evidence indicating such a trend that CRF07_BC in Yili may be transmitted from Liangshan or somewhere else via Urumqi through heroin trafficking route. |
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| MoAa0203 | TEMPORAL TRENDS AND EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF HIV-1 CRF31_BC IN PORTO ALEGRE, BRAZIL FROM 1998 TO 2006 Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0203 M. Guimarães1, C. Passaes1, G. Bello1, R. Lorete1, S. Almeida2, R. Medeiros2, P.R. Alencastro3, M. Morgado1 These results suggest that CRF31_BC emerged around middle 1980s, immediately after subtype C introduction in South Brazil, which could explain the high prevalence of this form and the intermixing with pure subtype C sequences at non-recombinant regions (int/env). These results also suggest a trend of diminishing of CRF31_BC in a heterosexual population in South Brazil over time. | |
| MoAa0204 | HIGH LEVEL OF STRAIN DIVERSITY IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS AT A CLINICAL SITE IN LONDON Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0204 J. Hackett Jr.1, V. Holzmayer1, P. Hay2, P. Swanson1, A. Adebiyi2, P. Rice2, N. Marlowe3, S.G. Devare1 A remarkably high level of HIV-1 genetic diversity was observed at this London site reflecting epidemiologic links with 21 countries (16 African) outside U.K. The continued evolution and redistribution of HIV-1 strains has important implications for diagnostic and patient monitoring technologies. |
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| MoAa0205 | PHYLODYNAMICS OF HIV-1 CRF08_BC AND CRF07_BC IN ASIA: A BAYESIAN COALESCENT STRATEGY Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0205 K.K. Tee1, O.G. Pybus2, X.J. Li3, X. Han4, H. Shang4, A. Kamarulzaman5, Y. Takebe1 This is the first phylodynamic survey of the eastward dissemination of HIV-1 CRF08_BC, CRF07_BC and subtype C in China. We highlight the significance of their evolutionary histories to viral epidemiology, migration and molecular taxonomy. |
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| MOAA03 | Abstract Session | |
| Viral and Molecular Determinants of Transmission and Pathogenesis |
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| MoAa0301 | THE MECHANISM OF SEXUAL TRANSMISSION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV-1) VIA THE FORESKIN EPITHELIUM Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0301 Y. Ganor1, A. Schmitt2, J.P. Wolf3, M.C. Vacher-Lavenu4, L. Gibault4, N. Thiounn5, J. Tomasini6, M. Bomsel1 Our findings suggest an active role of DCs/LCs in sampling of luminal virus followed by their migration out of the epithelium. This process is more efficient at the inner aspect of the foreskin, and may be inhibited by yet ill-defined components present in SP/CVS. |
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| MoAa0302 | HIV IN GENITAL FLUIDS DURING HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0302 D. Boeras1, P. Hawkins1, R. Haaland1, C. Derdeyn1, J. Mulenga2, S. Allen1, E. Hunter1 These preliminary data argue that the severe genetic bottleneck observed in newly infected partners does not originate from the genitally enriched variant populations. Because heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 is the predominant mode of transmission worldwide and non-subtype B viruses prevail in many developing countries, this study can directly address critical questions about where genetic bottlenecks occur during transmission - novel information that will be relevant to the development of vaccines and microbicides. |
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| MoAa0303 | ROLE OF NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES IN THE BOTTLENECK OF VERTICAL TRANSMISSION Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0303 E. Russell1, J. Kwiek2, V. Mwapasa3, S. Rogerson4, S. Meshnick5, R. Swanstrom6 Our analysis examined the presence of broadly reactive neutralizing antibodies and whether they could lower the rate of either in utero or intrapartum transmission. We did not find a correlation between vertical transmission and neutralization of the HIV-1 envelopes tested with maternal sera. We confirmed a genetic bottleneck in HIV-1 vertical transmission, and these data extend previous observations to a larger region of the genome, providing more detailed information about the transmitted variants and novel reagents for future studies. | |
| MoAa0304 | RECOMBINATION RATES ARE HIGHER IN TISSUES SHOWING SIGNIFICANT MACROPHAGE INFILTRATION AND VARY AMONG ENV, NEF AND LTR DOMAINS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0304 M.S. McGrath1, S.L. Lamers2, D. Galligan1, S. Granier2, T. deOliveira3, M. Salemi4 The presence of extensive viral recombination in abnormal tissues with significant macrophage infiltration suggests that macrophages could be the main reservoir for the generation of HIV-1 intra-patient recombinant sequences in vivo. Recombination in the meninges, in particular, may lead to the emergence of viral strains with relaxed selective constraints characterized by a higher potential to explore the sequence space. Therefore, successful viral eradication may require novel therapeutic approaches targeting HIV-infected tissue macrophages. |
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| MoAa0305 | QUASISPECIES ANALYSIS BY ULTRA-DEEP PYROSEQUENCING OF HIV-1 DERIVING FROM LYMPHOMONOCYTE SUB-POPULATIONS IN CHRONICALLY INFECTED PATIENTS AT THE MOMENT OF HAART INTERRUPTION Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAa0305 G. Rozera1, I. Abbate1, A. Bruselles1, G. Chillemi2, C. Vlassi1, G. D'Offizi1, P. Narciso1, M.R. Capobianchi1 Our data show that ultra-deep pyrosequencing of thousands of clonally amplified PCR products is a powerful tool able to provide information on viral quasispecies dynamics, being able to identify minority variants, and, on the whole, to shed light on viral pathogenesis. |
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| MOAB01 | Abstract Session | |
| Clinical Issues in HIV-infected Children and those Exposed to ARV in Utero |
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| MoAb0102 | NEURODEVELOPMENTAL STATUS AND PRENATAL ANTIRETROVIRAL EXPOSURE IN HIV-EXPOSED UNINFECTED INFANTS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0102 P. Williams1, M. Marino2, K. Malee3, L. Mofenson4, and the PACTG/IMPAACT 219C Team No decline in cognitive or motor function was observed for infants with in utero ARV exposure compared to unexposed. While these results are reassuring, continued evaluation of uninfected infants with in utero ARV exposure for late outcomes is important. |
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| MoAb0103 | IMPACT OF HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON THE INCIDENCE OF HIV-ENCEPHALOPATHY AMONG PERINATALLY-INFECTED CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0103 K. Patel1, S.X. Ming2, P.L. Williams3, K.R. Robertson4, J.M. Oleske5, G.R. Seage III1, International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials 219/219C Study Team Low birthweight, severe clinical disease and immunosuppression increased the risk of HIV-encephalopathy. The use of HAART is highly effective in reducing the incidence of HIV-encephalopathy among children and adolescents infected with HIV. | |
| MoAb0104 | VIROLOGICAL SUPPRESSION IN CHILDREN RECEIVING ART IN AN URBAN SOUTH AFRICAN SETTING Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0104 N. Waja, A. Jordan, V. Kgakgadi, A. Coovadia, K. Technau Children starting ART at a younger age were less likely to be suppressed by three and six months post-initiation. Children not suppressed by three or six months post-initiation were less likely to be suppressed by 18 months post-initiation.Further studies are required regarding the relationship between age at initiation of ART and time to virological suppression to elucidate the underlying causes that make the younger age group more vulnerable to suppression failure. |
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| MoAb0105 | ONCE-A-DAY PEDIATRIC HAART WITH DDI+3TC+EFV IN BURKINA FASO - A PHASE II TRIAL (ANRS 12103 TRIAL) Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0105 P. Msellati1, B. Nacro2, E. Zoure2, H. Hien3, H. Tambouras4, F. Rouet3, S. Diagbouga3, A. Ouiminga3, A. Drabo3, S. Yameogo5, H. Peyriere6, O. Mathieu6, J. Nicolas7, P. Van de Perre8 Preliminary data of this phase II trial suggest that once-a-day 3TC + DDI + EFV in children provides satisfactory plasma concentration for EFV, and is associated with virological success and immune reconstitution. |
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| MOAB02 | Abstract Session | |
| Outcomes of ART |
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| MoAb0202 | CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND QUALITY OF LIFE: A PRELIMINARY LOOK AT HIV+ PARTICIPANTS ENROLLED IN A DOT PROGRAM Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0202 E.K. Brandson, K.A. Fernandes, C.W. McInnes, E.F. Druyts, M. Tyndall, V.D. Lima, J.S.G. Montaner, R.S. Hogg Preliminary findings demonstrate the success of this DOT program. MAT participants showed better or similar clinical outcomes compared with their peers in the cohort |
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| MoAb0203 | MORTALITY DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF POTENT ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS FROM 5 TREATMENT CENTERS IN THE CARIBBEAN AND LATIN AMERICA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0203 S. Tuboi1, B. Shepherd2, C. Cesar3, A. Krolewiecki3, P. Cahn3, M. Wolff4, J. Pape5, E. Gotuzzo6, M. Bacon7, C. McGowan8, D. Masys9, M. Schechter10 The overall one-year mortality rate and risk factors for death observed in this region were similar to that reported for lower income countries. Possible explanations for the high variability observed across sites are different stages of disease at HAART initiation because of late presentation, different criteria for HAART eligibility, differing rates of loss to follow up, age of ARV program, and background co-morbid conditions. | |
| MoAb0204 | SIX YEARS OF HAART IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR OF BOTSWANA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0204 J.P.A. Puvimanasinghe1, N. Ndwapi1, T. Gaolathe2, G. Musuka3, L. Manthe3, T. Moeti3, R. Marlink4, K. Seipone1 Botswana needs to ensure the sustainability of the treatment program including its integration in to the national response and health system. ART services should be further decentralized and collaboration with the private sector and civil society further strengthened. |
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| MoAb0205 | VIROLOGIC OUTCOMES OF THE ADULT AIDS PATIENTS RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0205 Y. Ma, D. Zhao, L. Yu, Y. Zhao, Z. Dou, F. Zhang In resource-limited settings, developing a cross-sectional study effectively monitors and evaluates national ART treatment outcomes. Drug variety was limited during the early stages of China’s ART projects. Although antiretroviral therapy has effectively lowered the fatality rate, concurrently about 30% of patients presently treated experience treatment failure. Following study results allows for evaluating ART patients experiencing treatment failure nationwide, projecting second-line treatment needs, and beginning necessary preparations. |
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| MoAb0206 | EVALUATING OUTCOME INDICATORS USED TO ASSESS THE PERFORMANCE OF HIV PROGRAMMES OF TREATMENT AND CARE IN RESOURCE-LIMITED COUNTRIES Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0206 S. Hoskins1, K. Porter1, A. Jahn2, R. Malyuta3, S. Phiri2, I. Weller4, on behalf of Evidence for Action (EfA), Outcome Indicators Group We now plan to conduct a study auditing existing patient and programme data collected by partners in Malawi, Uganda, India, Zambia and Ukraine to identify which indicators best correspond to patient survival and assess which EWIs are associated with HIVDR. This will provide evidence to recommend to governments and agencies standardised outcome measure(s) which best correlate with long-term patient survival and HIVDR and hence provide more robust tools for evaluating the performance of ARV programmes. |
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| MOAB03 | Abstract Session | |
| BCG, Tuberculosis and HAART |
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| MoAb0302 | BCG ADVERSE EVENTS IN PERINATALLY HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0302 V. Uriarte1, M.R. Agosti1, M.K. Garcia1, J.C. Morales1, A. Aguirre2, S. González Ayala1 For general population, the incidence of localized and disseminated BCG adverse events is <0.04% and <0.0002%, respectively. In HIV-infected children, we observed 5.3% and 0.8% for each one: a several hundreds-fold increase. Argentinean authors previously reported 7.8%, and 1.3-1.8% for local and disseminated adverse events, respectively. The international reported range for local events is 0-30.7%. Efficacy of BCG in children living with HIV is unknown. Risks and efficacy of BCG vaccination in HIV-infected children must be assessed by controlled population-based studies. |
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| MoAb0303 | CASE SERIES OF HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN WITH BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUÉRIN VACCINE RELATED LYMPHADENOPATHY IN LILONGWE, MALAWI Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0303 J. Midturi1, P. Kazembe2, G. Schutze3, M. Kline3 This study reveals potential development of an adverse effect of BCG vaccination in HIV-infected infants. There is a risk of mortality associated with HIV infection and BCG disease. The majority of cases of BCG disease following the administration of ART are most likely due to IRIS. Our description of the clinical course of BCG disease IRIS in an immune-suppressed pediatric population highlights complexities in clinical management of HIV-infected children. | |
| MoAb0304 | RISK FACTORS FOR TUBERCULOSIS WITHIN 3 MONTHS OF HAART INITIATION Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0304 T. Sterling1, B. Merriman2, A. Freeman2, North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) of the International Epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) The only factors associated with TB within 3 months of HAART initiation were low CD4 and high HIV-1 RNA. TB screening measures should be focused on persons with advanced AIDS, before and shortly after HAART initiation. |
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| MoAb0305 | TUBERCULOSIS, HAART USE AND SURVIVAL IN THE THRio COHORT, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0305 V. Saraceni1, B.S. King2, A.G.F. Pacheco3, J.E. Golub2, S.C. Cavalcante1, L.H. Moulton4, R.D. Moore5, R.E. Chaisson2, B. Durovni1 HAART use was related to improved survival after a TB diagnosis, with the effect being greater when combined with completion of TB treatment. The timing of introduction of HAART was not associated with significant changes in survival. |
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| MoAb0306 | THE EXPERIENCE AND OUTCOMES OF ISONIAZID PREVENTATIVE THERAPY IN AN HIV TREATMENT PROGRAM IN WESTERN KENYA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAb0306 L. Diero1, E.J. Carter2, A. Siika1, S. Kimaiyo1, A. Gardner3, B. Musick4, C. Yiannoutsos4, K. Wools-Kaloustian4 IPT within a large HIV treatment program in sub-Saharan Africa appears both feasible and effective in preventing incident episodes of active tuberculosis. |
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| MOAC01 | Abstract Session | |
| Responding to the HIV Epidemics among Men who Have Sex with Men |
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| MoAc0101 | HIGH RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR IN MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOUR SCREENING TOOL Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0101 T.M. Gibbie1, M. Hellard2, S. Ellen3, T. Read4, C. Fairley5, J. Lewis2, A. Mijch6 This study has identified five key questions with high accuracy in predicting MSM likely to engage in SRB, in particular number of casual partners, negotiation ability and SSS. Validation in the community is currently underway. |
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| MoAc0102 | HIV PREVENTION WITH MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN (MSM) IN TOGO, WEST AFRICA: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0102 M. Geiss1, S. Kassegne1, V. Capo-Chichi2 Through this study, PSI/Togo gained access to this highly marginalized group and validated their HIV prevention needs to key stakeholders. Based on the identified strategy, PSI developed an MSM peer education program to disseminate HIV and STI prevention information, increase risk perception, encourage behavior change, distribute condoms and lubricant, and promote STI treatment and HIV counseling and testing. |
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| MoAc0103 | USING A MOBILE VAN TO PROVIDE VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING (VCT) TO HIGH-RISK AND CLOSETED MSM Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0103 E. Smith, J. Vasquez, C. Anton, R. Cabello, M. Blas To transfer this model to local government units, assist them in the adoption of the strategy, and assess whether other vulnerable groups can benefit from it. | |
| MoAc0104 | REDUCING NON-PREMEDITATED RISK-TAKING IN MSM: A NEW INTERVENTION PROTOCOL TO INCREASE VIGILANCE AND CONTROL TESTED FOR EFFICACY IN A PROSPECTIVE RTC Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0104 J. De Wit, P. Adam Important, non-premeditated processes that underly risk-taking in MSM can effectively be adressed in interventions based on innovative theorizing. Delivery format also matters: UAIC was reduced by almost one fourth, but only when state-of-the-art online technology was used to support the intervention. |
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| MoAc0105 | SUCCESSFUL START OF A PREPARATORY HIV COHORT STUDY AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN (MSM) IN BANGKOK, THAILAND: PRELIMINARY BASELINE, FOLLOW-UP AND HIV INCIDENCE DATA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0105 W. Wimonsate1, S. Chaikummao1, J. Tongtoyai1, C. Kittinunvorakoon1, A. Sriporn1, A. Varangrat1, P. Akarasewi1, P. Sirivongrangson2, J. McNicholl3, F. van Griensven3 A preparatory HIV cohort study was successfully started among MSM in Bangkok. Baseline prevalence of HIV, high levels of risk behavior, follow-up rates and HIV incidence suggest that MSM in Bangkok are an appropriate population for the evaluation and implementation of HIV prevention interventions. |
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| MOAC02 | Abstract Session | |
| HIV Prevention for Women and Girls: Changing Gender Norms |
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| MoAc0201 | A COMBINED MICROFINANCE AND TRAINING INTERVENTION CAN REDUCE HIV RISK BEHAVIOUR AMONG YOUNG PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS: RESULTS FROM THE IMAGE STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0201 P. Pronyk1, J. Kim1, T. Abramsky2, G. Phetla1, J. Hargreaves2, L. Morison2, C. Watts2, J. Busza2, J. Porter2 In addition to impacts on economic well-being, women’s empowerment and intimate partner violence, interventions addressing the economic and social vulnerability of women may also contribute to reductions in high-risk sexual behaviour among young program participants. |
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| MoAc0202 | SISTERACT: SISTERS INTER-ACTING - INTERGENERATIONAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN AFRICAN AMERICAN GIRLS AND WOMEN IN WASHINGTON, DC AS AN ALTERNATIVE/EFFECTIVE HIV/AIDS PREVENTION STRATEGY Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0202 A. Charles, N. Watsa, J. Valrie, F. Nageer-Kanthor Exploration of effective strategies and interventions that address intergenerational communication about sexual health and HIV prevention among African American girls and women is important. Further investigation into the benefit of intergenerational HIV prevention education within families and kinship networks in the African American community must be conducted. |
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| MoAc0203 | SMALL HOUSE, HURE, SUGAR DADDIES, AND GARDEN BOYS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF HETEROSEXUAL CONCURRENT PARTNERSHIPS AMONG MEN AND WOMEN IN ZIMBABWE Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0203 N. Taruberekera1, L. Kaljee2, H. Astatke2, W. Mushayi1, M. Chommie1, N. Shekhar3 Concurrent relationships are wide-ranging and diverse with multiple socio-culturally entrenched determinants. Our data include relationship patterns, contexts and determinants that need to be addressed in future interventions on concurrent partnerships in Zimbabwe. | |
| MoAc0204 | FEMALE CONDOM BREAKS GENDER BARRIERS - INDIA - A CASE STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0204 B. Gaddi1, K. Potturi2, M. Gopalakrishnan3, M. Agarwal4, E. Bayliss5, Female Sex Workers Community participation in the promotion of female initiated preventive methods had a direct impact on the product acceptance. 76% of the women said that FC empowers them. This empowerment has helped the women address the gender inequities with their partners. The program led to behavior change, evident from the fall in number of unsafe sex acts from 5.1% to 2% over a period of six months; rise in client acceptance; 90% of FSWs reporting ease in use; increase in number of FSWs using FC from 6000 to 18000; and increase in number of FSWs repurchasing FCs from 20% to 60%. |
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| MoAc0205 | INTEGRATING GENDER INTO HIV/AIDS INTERVENTIONS - DOES IT MAKE A DIFFERENCE TO OUTCOMES? Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0205 E. Rottach1, K. Hardee2, S. Schuler1 The findings from this review show that integrating gender into interventions, particularly taking a gender transformative approach, can yield significant health and gender equity outcomes. Notions about gender norms have changed as a result of some of the interventions and those normative changes have also resulted in positive HIV/AIDS-related health outcomes. |
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| MOAC03 | Abstract Session | |
| Meeting the Prevention Needs of People Living with HIV/AIDS |
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| MoAc0301 | OVERVIEW: ISSUES IN POSITIVE PREVENTION Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0301 Philippa Lawson Power Point Presentation |
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| MoAc0302 | PROVIDING PREVENTION FOR HIV-POSITIVE PERSONS DURING CLINICAL CARE VISITS: RESULTS OF THE HIV INTERVENTION FOR PROVIDERS (HIP) STUDY Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0302 C. Dawson Rose1, G. Colfax2, K. Knight1, S. Shade1, C. Gomez1, P. Lum3, O. Bacon1, D. Eroglu4, C. Courtenay-Quirk4 Results indicate that training HIV medical providers to conduct risk assessments and deliver tailored risk reduction messages can result in HIV-positive patients exposing fewer HIV-uninfected individuals to HIV. The effect of the HIP intervention supports training HIV clinicians to assess risk and deliver prevention messages, which are individually tailored and risk reduction oriented. |
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| MoAc0303 | SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF A PEER-ADMINISTERED SECONDARY HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTION FOR MSM IN PRIMARY CARE Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0303 C. O'Cleirigh1, S. Safren1, C. Covahey2, E. Leidolf2, M. Skeer3, R. Vanderwarker2, K. Mayer4 These results suggest that an individually based, peer-implemented, secondary HIV prevention can be successfully implemented among MSM receiving primary care at a large community health clinic. Lessons learned and procedures to implement a peer-delivered intervention will be described. | |
| MoAc0304 | SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC, MENTAL HEALTH AND SEXUAL BEHAVIORS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN SERODISCORDANT COUPLES: FINDINGS FROM A MULTISITE TRIALS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0304 W. Pequegnat, NIMH Multisite HIV/STD Prevention Trial for African-American Couples Understanding HIV-related sociodemographic and psychosocial factors among couples can facilitate designing HIV interventions for serodiscordant couples. |
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| MoAc0305 | CORRELATES OF HIGH-RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG SEXUALLY ACTIVE HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN AND MEN IN CLINICAL CARE IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0305 P.A. Shuper1, S.M. Kiene2, G. Mahlase3, S.P. MacDonald4, S. Christie5, D.H. Cornman5, B. Kistnasamy6, S. Pillay4, L. Shepherd5, G.H. Friedland7, U.G. Lalloo4, J.D. Fisher5, W.A. Fisher8 Results from this investigation 1) indicate risk behaviour among a subgroup of South African PLWHA in clinical care, and 2) identify factors uniquely associated with unprotected sex among female versus male PLWHA. These findings will be used to guide the development of targeted interventions aimed at reducing sexual risk behaviour among South African PLWHA. |
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| MoAc0306 | EUROSUPPORT V: UNDERSTANDING SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOUR AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAc0306 C. Nöstlinger1, T. Platteau1, M.C. Mueller2, M. Pozdal3, P. Csépe4, N. Dedes5, W. Schrooten1, R. Colebunders1, Eurosupport V Study Group Our data show the huge need for including diversified counselling on sexual risk behaviour in standard HIV care in Europe. Counselling tools should take the diversity of risk factors and vulnerability into account and should be tailored to the individual and couple context. A better integration of HIV- and reproductive health services should improve care for women and couples living with HIV. |
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| MOAD01 | Abstract Session | |
| Rethinking Structures: Prevention in Challenging Settings |
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| MoAd0102 | SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND PRACTICES AMONG PERINATALLY HIV-INFECTED ADOLESCENTS IN UGANDA: IMPLICATIONS FOR PROGRAMMING Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0102 J. Kyegimbo Nyombi1, H. Birungi2, J.F. Mugisha3 Preventive practices of perinatally infected adolescents are poor and therefore current HIV programs need to strengthen existing counseling packages and start providing information and services to sexually active and non-sexually adolescents. These should include negotiating disclosure, strengthening family planning, PMTCT and Life Skills. Overall, programs need to establish adolescent friendly services. |
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| MoAd0103 | EMPOWERING SEX WORKERS IN MUSLIM COMMUNITIES: SOME EVIDENCE FROM A COMMUNITY-LEVEL HIV PREVENTION PROGRAMME IN NORTHERN NIGERIA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0103 N.M. Ibrahim, H. Alhamdu, S. Da’u, M. Chindo Participatory monitoring and evaluation showed an increase in condom use, desire for HIV testing, reduction in stigma and discrimination and enhanced self esteem. Another key finding was the fact that even in a small community; people were motivated to be involved in HIV prevention, including the establishment of community drama groups to address the cultural and societal barriers to healthy sexual behaviors. Through social marketing, safer sex products were introduced, boosting the incomes of sex workers, who were used as sales vendors. | |
| MoAd0104 | HEALTHY SEXUALITY - USING MUSEUMS AS A MEANS FOR HIV PREVENTION EDUCATION Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0104 S. Baker1, P. Bergstrom1, S. Sartsara2, S. Songrob1, T. Palachai3, G. Chen3, J. Billings1, J.W. de Lind van Wijngaarden4 Sex is natural and enjoyable, fulfilling and risky, so learning about sex should be fun, provocative and engaging, while still providing necessary precautionary information, leading to healthy choices. To convey accurate information on all aspects of sexuality - especially including HIV prevention-to adolescents, innovative, out-of-formal school means must be developed. This project is one such means. The intention is that within three years, this exhibition will be adapted to reach virtually every adolescent in Thailand. |
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| MoAd0105 | THE CONDOMOVILA: TAKING HIV INFORMATION AND PREVENTION TO THE MOST VULNERABLE MEXICAN WOMEN Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0105 P. Pérez Maldonado, M. Solís Neri, S. Ramírez Guzmán, M. López Medina, B. López López, Y. Salazar Ortega Establishing presence in public places where women traditionally go and offering creative, peer facilitated prevention interventions is an effective strategy for overcoming gender-based obstacles such as lack of time, shame related to speaking about sexuality, and limited access to education and prevention technologies. |
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| MOAD02 | Abstract Session | |
| Reproductive Health: Sexuality, Fertility and Desire |
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| MoAd0202 | “WOMEN’S BODIES ARE SHOPS” - BELIEFS ABOUT TRANSACTIONAL SEX AND IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING GENDER POWER AND HIV PREVENTION IN TANZANIA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0202 J. Wamoyi1, W. Stones2, A. Fenwick3 Transactional sex seems widely accepted and it is not perceived as negative. On the contrary, the lack of it in a relationship would be perceived so. Although transactional sex is easily linked with poverty, there are other underlying factors that may make it thrive e.g. the feeling of autonomy and pride for being woman and hence able to exploit one’s sexuality. Interventions aimed at tackling transactional sex for women empowerment and a HIV prevention strategy, have to be approached with caution. They have to be aware of the beliefs associated with this practice. |
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| MoAd0203 | ‘GIRLS ENJOY SEX TOO’. PLEASURE AS A FACTOR IN SEXUAL DECISION-MAKING AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS AT A ZIMBABWEAN UNIVERSITY Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0203 T.B. Masvawure Puritanical programming that treats women as one homogenous group simply perpetuates the stereotype of women as not having any sexual desire and as not enjoying sex. My data encourages us to acknowledge, and respond through creative and bold programming, that women do enjoy sex. | |
| MoAd0204 | TOWARD IMPROVED REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CHOICES AND HEALTH CARE DELIVERY FOR HIV-INFECTED MEN AND WOMEN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WITH GENERALISED HIV EPIDEMICS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0204 J.E. Mantell1, D. Cooper2, J. Moodley2, C. Morroni2, L. Myer3, T.M. Exner1, T. Taylor4, V. Zweigenthal5, S. Hoffman1, K. Cloete5, K. Jennings6, Z.A. Stein1 Findings suggest that tailored contraception, preconception, and termination of pregnancy counselling may be critical to helping HIV+ women and men manage their disease and make informed decisions that optimize the reproductive health outcomes for them as well as their future children. |
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| MoAd0205 | PROMOTING SEXUAL HEALTH AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT THROUGH PLEASURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0205 W. Knerr1, A. Philpott2, J. McEachran3 There is a paucity of research on the impact and potential of sex-positive approaches. This review uncovers existing evidence and looks at: health and psychosocial outcomes of positive approaches to safer sex; how gender and power dynamics influence - and are influenced by - pleasure-oriented approaches to safer sex; whether pleasure promotion for safer sex can empower people to re-negotiate gender and sexual boundaries in order to practise safer sex; effectiveness of pleasure approaches compared to conventional disease/risk-oriented approaches; and contexts in which pleasure-focused safer sex campaigns may or may not be successful. |
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| MoAd0206 | FERTILITY DESIRES AND INTENTIONS AMONG WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0206 S. Finocchario Kessler1, J. Keller2, M. Sweat1, J. Dariotis3, M. Trent4, J. Anderson5 A significant proportion of women living with HIV both desire and intend to have a child, and want to talk about it with their HIV provider. Providers should initiate conversations about personal desires and intentions for future childbearing with all women of childbearing age, an issue of particular relevance for younger women. Knowledge of MTCT is significantly higher when fertility plans and reproductive options have been discussed. |
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| MOAD03 | Abstract Session | |
| Male and Transgender Sex Workers: Identities and Vulnerabilities |
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| MoAd0302 | HIV RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG TRANSGENDER (KATHOEY) SEX WORKERS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0302 T. Nemoto1, M. Iwamoto1, U. Perngparn2, C. Areesantichai2 Kathoey sex workers are at high risk for HIV because of lack of access to health care and HIV testing, as well as their substance use and economic pressure to survive. Further studies are needed to investigate social and cultural factors which influence HIV risk behaviors among kathoey sex workers. |
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| MoAd0303 | MSM, TRAVESTIES, TRANSSEXUAL PROMOTERS IN SEXUAL HEALTH, STD AND HIV/AIDS IN CUBA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0303 I. Arrue, M. Rodríguez, A.M. Cano, E. de Dios Having created a special space in CENESEX (Habana) and other provinces and municipalities where travesties, transsexuals and MSM can join and exchange their experiences, allowed them to create a group of sexual minority promoters that includes three full time transgendered staff people working at CENESEX. Some project’s accomplishments are growing awareness of this group on the importance of preventing STDs/HIV/AIDS. In the cases of male sex-workers some have stopped engaging in commercial sex-work; voluntarily continuing their studies or jobs; the group has become more constructive and committed to the work they are carrying out and there has been a reduction of violence in their interpersonal communications. One of the most important outcomes is that some decision makers have been sensitized on issues of sexual diversity. | |
| MoAd0304 | MALE SEX WORKERS AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN LIMA, PERU Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0304 K.A. Konda1, J.L. Clark1, E. Segura2, J. Salvatierra3, J. Galea4, S.R. Leon3, E.R. Hall5, J.D. Klausner6, C.F. Caceres3, T. J. Coates1 Compensated sex and sex work was common among the population of men who have sex with men attending this clinic and sex work was associated with higher STI prevalence. These vulnerabilities and occupational related risks should be taken into account when planning interventions among this population, especially given HIV/STD prevalence among this health seeking population. |
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| MoAd0305 | ID CARDS THAT REFLECT GENDER IDENTITY CAN PLAY ROLE IN REDUCING VULNERABILITY OF TRANSGENDER SEX WORKERS Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAd0305 V. Riascos Sanchez, P.J. Pardo, A. Lamb Guevara, N. Escobar Transgender sex workers are more willing to seek healthcare if addressed by their chosen name and gender in these centres. The alternate ID card has served as a powerful mobilisation tool for the transgender community in Cali. |
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| MOAE01 | Abstract Session | |
| Listen To Us! Effective Advocacy Strategies |
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| MoAe0103 | COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION IN UKRAINE Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAe0103 O. Kucheruk The all-Ukrainian advocacy strategy was developed and will be used by community-based NGO in their consolidated advocacy efforts in future. | |
| MOAE02 | Abstract Session | |
| Listen To Us! Effective Advocacy Strategies |
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| MOAX01 | Abstract Session | |
| Host Response in Acute Infection, Setting the Stage for Disease Outcome |
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| MoAx0102 | THE INCIDENCE OF HIV-ASSOCIATED MULTICENTRIC CASTLEMANS DISEASE Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAx0102 J. Krell1, M. Tuthill1, V. Campbell1, P. Holmes1, G. Panos1, V. Harding1, T. Powles1, S. Mandalia1, M. Bower2 Unlike KS, the incidence of HIV-MCD does not appear related to the degree of immunosuppression or gender. The incidence of HIV-MCD is increasing, and this rise is not related to HAART use. |
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| MoAx0103 | IMPROVEMENT IN HEALING AND REDUCTION ON HIV SHEDDING FOLLOWING ADDITION OF EPISODIC ACYCLOVIR THERAPY TO THE SYNDROMIC MANAGEMENT OF GENITAL ULCERATION; A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAx0103 G. Paz-Bailey1, M. Sternberg2, A. Puren3, L. Markowitz2, R. Ballard2, S. Delany4, S. Hawkes5, O. Nwanyanwu6, C. Ryan7, D. Lewis8 The addition of Acyclovir to the syndromic management of GUD will be beneficial for patient symptom relief and can potentially reduce HIV-transmission by reducing genital HIV-1 shedding. |
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| MOAX02 | Abstract Session | |
| The Hidden Side of Stigma and Discrimination |
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| MoAx0201 | ENACTED STIGMA AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS AMONG CHILDREN WITH PARENTAL HIV/AIDS IN RURAL CHINA Int Conf AIDS. 2008 Aug 3-8;17:Abstract No. MoAx0201 X. Li1, L. Zhang1, X. Fang2, B. Stanton1 It is concluded that enacted stigma against children with parental HIV/AIDS is positively associated with depression symptom and loneliness. To improve the psychological well-being of children orphaned by AIDS, HIV/AIDS prevention and care programs need provide further knowledge education to the local communities regarding the routes of HIV transmission and enhance community supports to these children to mitigate the impact of the stigma. Mental health counseling service for children orphaned or affected by AIDS should be accessible in areas impacted by HIV/AIDS. |
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| MoAx03 | HIV Vaccine Research: Cross-cutting issues |
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| MoAx04 | Children and Youth Facing HIV/AIDS |
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| MoAx05 | Pursuing Desire: Sexual and Reproductive Health and HIV Prevention Integration |
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| MoAx06 | Combating Stigma and Discrimination in Healthcare Settings |
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| MOSY01 | Symposia | |
| Vaccines and Microbicides: Where Do We Go from Here? |
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| A number of candidate vaccines and microbicides failed to demonstrate any preventive effect in clinical trials that were completed in 2007 and 2008. These results have necessitated reflection and a reprioritization in the field of HIV vaccine and microbicides research. This special session will bring together senior scientists and advocacy leadership in the area of HIV vaccine and microbicides research. The session will explore where the field is heading, review the results of recent trials, and address critical questions such as the scientific obstacles preventing rapid development and delivery of preventive vaccines and microbicides. The speakers will reflect on strategic considerations within the field, such as promoting basic science and innovative product design versus clinical trials and advancing development of existing candidates. They will also discuss the scientific, ethical and operational challenges in the field of biomedical prevention research. | ||
| MOSY02 | Symposia | |
| Is Religion a Barrier to HIV Prevention? |
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| Religion, culture, and tradition are all critical issues for successful prevention programmes. While some religious organizations have been very active in providing care and support for people with HIV/AIDS, they have also blocked measures that are regarded as best practice in prevention, and helped perpetuate judgements of sexual behaviors and identities that make reaching vulnerable populations more difficult. This session will provide an analysis on the role of major religious organizations and faiths in HIV prevention. | ||
| MOSY03 | Symposia | |
| Watchdogging Scale-Up: Monitoring Progress, Driving Change |
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| An inter-active panel discussion addressing what civil society and other organizations in the global AIDS community are doing on the ground to monitor and hold their governments accountable for scaling up delivery of treatment and prevention services. The session will explore the following questions: What is your monitoring methodology? What/Whom do you monitor? What are your chief findings and recommendations? How will you use these efforts to create change in policy? Emphasis will be placed on southerners holding their own governments and global agencies accountable. | ||
| MOSY04 | Symposia | |
| Regional Sub-Saharan Africa Session |
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| Sub-Saharan Africa is the most affected region by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. About 68% of adults and nearly 90% of children infected with HIV are located in this region. More than 76% of global deaths due to AIDS-related illnesses in 2007 occurred in sub-Saharan Africa. Women, who make up to 61% of people living with HIV in this region and children are particularly affected by the pandemic. Despite the fact that new surveys and calculation models show a decline in HIV prevalence rates from 5.8% in 2001 to 5.0% in 2007, AIDS continues to be the single largest cause of mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. This evidence calls for a strong partnership between government, private sector and civil society organizations to immediately implement and accelerate the political commitments (Abuja, Maputo, and Brazzaville) for universal access to HIV and AIDS prevention, treatment, care and support services. The session will be linked to the Durban Conference Hub from where participants will take part in the Q&A and discussion. | ||
| Poster Exhibitions | ||
| Track A – Biology and Pathogenesis of HIV |