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4th International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and TreatmentSydney, Australia - July 22-25, 2007 |
Main TOC Monday TOC Tuesday TOC Wednesday TOC
Cite as: IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: Abstract No. xx
where xx is the abstract number.
MOPL1 |
PLENARY The HIV/Life Cycle: Understanding HIV Pathogenesis, Accelerating ARV Rollout and Exploring the Clinical Implications of Ageing |
| MOPL101 | UNDERSTANDING THE TASK: ARV ROLLOUT AND RESEARCH ISSUES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOPL101) Power Point Presentation |
MOAA1 |
ORAL ABSTRACTS Immune Activation in HIV Pathogenesis |
| MOAA101 | PERSISTENT HIV-1 INFECTION IN DUODENAL MUCOSA AND MEMORY CD8+ T CELL DIFFERENTIATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA101) Belmonte L.1, Zalar A.2, Bare P.3, Badano N.1, Araya V.2, Piskorz E.2, Figueroa M.I.4, Parodi C.1, Ruibal-Ares B.1, Cahn P.4, de Bracco M.M.1 We had previously shown that HIV-1 persistence in the duodenal mucosa was independent of the efficacy of HAART (negativization of plasma viral load and blood CD4 count recovery). Since HAART may not be fully effective to interfere with HIV-1 replication in macrophages, it will be important to assess the role of these cells in the gut as reservoirs of HIV infection. |
| MOAA102 | REGULATORY T CELLS IN INFANT MACAQUES SUPPRESS ANTI-SIV RESPONSES AMONG CD4+ T CELLS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA102) Hartigan-OConnor D.1, Abel K.2, McCune J.M.1 The presence of larger numbers of regulatory T cells among infant macaques is associated with active suppression of CD4+ T cells throughout infection and early failure of SIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Our findings implicate T-regs as potentially important direct antagonists of multifunctional CD4+ T cell responses and indirect antagonists of antiviral CD8+ T cell responses. |
| MOAA103 | HIV-1 NEF IS A CRITICAL REGULATOR OF PD-1 UPREGULATION DURING HIV-1 INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA103) Muthumani K.1, Choo A.Y.2, Sundaram S.G.1, Laddy D.J.1, Hokey D.A.1, Kutzler M.A.1, Weiner D.B.1 Chronic viral infection is characterized by the functional impairment of virus-specific T cell responses. Accordingly, recent evidences have suggested that the inhibitory receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), is specifically upregulated on antigen-specific T cells during various chronic viral infections. |
| MOAA104 | INCREASED VIRAL SET POINT FOLLOWING IL-15 TREATMENT OF ACUTE SIV INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA104) Katsikis P.1, Mueller Y.1, Do D.1, Altork S.1, Katsetos C.1, Legido A.1, Villinger F.2, Altman J.1, Lewis M.3 These data show that IL-15 administration during acute SIV infection leads to dramatically increased viral set points and accelerates progression to AIDS. |
| MOAA105 | GBV-C INFECTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH LESS T CELL ACTIVATION IN RECENTLY HIV-1-INFECTED SUBJECTS AND IS INDEPENDENT OF HIV-1 VIRAL LOAD IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA105) Maidana Giret M.T.1, Silva T.M.1, Levi J.E.2, Bassichetto K.C.3, Ana N.4, Sabino E.4, Palácios R.1, Kallás E.G.1 In a controlled fashion, we clearly demonstrated the association between GBV-C viremia and lower T cell activation. This effect may be one of the key mechanisms involved in the protection conferred by this virus against progression to immunodeficiency. |
| MOAA1LB | NAÏVE CD4+ T CELL HOMEOSTASIS DURING HIV INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA1LB) Rickabaugh T.M.1, Kilpatrick R.2, Fauce S.R.3, Hultin L.1, Hultin P.1, Hausner M.A.1, Effros R.B.3, Detels R.2, Phair J.4, Jamieson B.D.1 Reduced numbers of naïve CD4+ T-cells and shortened telomeres suggest that HIV infection mimics aging in the naïve CD4+ T-cell compartment. Our results also indicate that HAART may not be able to fully reverse this effect. As aging is known to detrimentally affect T-cell function and to increase susceptibility to infectious disease, our data provide a possible mechanism by which adaptive immune responses to HIV and to opportunistic infections are hampered. These results have important implications both for HIV+ individuals on HAART and for the increasing population of older HIV+ individuals. |
| MOAA2 | HIV Diversity, Tropism and Compartmentalization |
| MOAA201 | HIV-1 GENETIC DIVERSITY: A COMPARISON OF VIRAL EVOLUTION IN BLOOD AND THE VAGINAL TRACT RIGHT FROM SEROCONVERSION AND DURING DISEASE PROGRESSION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA201) Nankya I.1, Demers K.2, Kyeyune F.2, Bulime S.2, Nanyonjo H.2, Salata R.3, Arts E.3 Preliminary results suggest that HIV-1 diversity is higher in vaginal tract than in blood at seroconversion but that the former undergoes a genetic bottleneck whereas the viral population in blood increases in genetic diversity. |
| MOAA202 | EVIDENCE FOR CRITICAL DIFFERENCES IN HIV-1 ENV GP120 N-LINKED GLYCOSYLATION PATTERNS IN PLASMA AND DIVERSE BLOOD LEUKOCYTE COMPARTMENTS IN VIVO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA202) Ho Y.S.1, Abecasis A.B.2, Potter S.J.1, Charleston M.3, Vandamme A.M.2, Saksena N.K.1 Our analyses have demonstrated single cell/compartment-specific amino acid changes and critical differences in N-linked glycosylation patterns between plasma and diverse blood leukocytes. Bayesian network analyses showed associations inferring possible glycosylation pathway. We believe that these studies will provide crucial insights into the host immune response and its ability in controlling HIV replication in vivo. These findings could have relevance in shielding and evasion of HIV-1 from neutralizing antibodies and may provide insights into future designs of vaccine strategies. |
| MOAA203 | LONG-RANGE RECOMBINATION GRADIENT IN INTERSUBTYPE HIV-1 RECOMBINATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA203) Chin M.P.S.1, Lee S.-K.1, Chen J.1, Nikolaitchik O.A.1, Powell D.2, Fivash Jr. M.J.2, Hu W.-S.1 The DIS sequence in HIV-1 not only plays a role in RNA dimerization but also serves an important function in maintaining dimeric RNA structure important for recombination. Difference in DIS sequence presents a barrier to certain intersubtype HIV-1 recombination. |
| MOAA204 | ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY OF HIV-1 LONG TERMINAL REPEATS FROM CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM-DERIVED ISOLATES OF PATIENTS WITH HIV-1 ASSOCIATED DEMENTIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA204) Cowley D.J.1, Gray L.1, Chiavaroli L.1, Gorry P.R.1, Wesselingh S.1, Churchill M.1 These data suggests unique transcriptional mechanisms exist within the CNS impacting on the transcriptional activity of the HIV-1 LTR promoter. |
| MOAA205 | MACROPHAGE INFILTRATION IS NOT ENOUGH FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEMENTIA IN HIV PATIENTS: EVIDENCE FOR MID-BRAIN INVOLVEMENT IN HIV-D IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA205) Zhou J.1, Ng T.2, Brew B.3, Saksena N.1 HIV infected/possibly activated macrophages were unique to patients with HIV-D, whereas only provirus was found in patients without dementia and this presence of provirus in diverse areas of the CNS had no correlation with MQ infiltration and neurocognitive impairment. Actively replicating HIV in the CNS in concomitance with HIV-infection of the macrophages appears to be the key determinant of progressive HIV-D. Middle part of the brain appears to be more involved in development of dementia. This study allows the supposition that regionalization of HIV pathology in the CNS have a strong bearing on neurocognitive impairment in HIV patients. |
| MOAA2LB | ABILITY TO DETECT AND TO MANIPULATE HIV-1 EVOLUTION VIA RECOMBINATION – A NEW TOOL TO SUPPRESS THE GENERATION OF MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANT AND IMMUNE ESCAPE HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAA2LB) Smyth R.1, Schlub T.2, Tachedjian G.1, Davenport M.2, Mak J.3 Here we present the first direct proof of concept evidence that retroviral recombination can be regulated. Our results support the development of novel compounds to regulate HIV-1 evolution, to ultimately suppress the emergence of MDR HIV-1 and immune escape HIV-1. |
| MOAB1 | TB / HIV: Still a Deadly Partnership |
| MOAB101 | TUBERCULOSIS-ASSOCIATED IMMUNE RESTORATION DISEASE IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED PPD-SPECIFIC T CELL RESPONSES DETECTED BY A WHOLE BLOOD INTERFERON-γ RELEASE ASSAY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAB101) Elliott J.H.1, Sarun S.2, Chin S.3, Chan D.3, Chel S.2, Huffam S.2, Oelrichs R.4, Hun C.2, Pouv S.2, Teng K.H.2, Teng H.2, Saphonn V.2, Kaldor J.1, Cooper D.1, French M.5, Mean C.V.2 We report the first evidence to suggest that simple whole blood interferon-γ release assays may have a role in the diagnosis of TB-IRD. Further research is urgently needed to define the potential contribution of these assays to reducing morbidity and mortality during early ART in resource-limited settings. |
| MOAB102 | 24-WEEK EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF NEVIRAPINE: 400 MG VERSUS 600 MG BASED HAART IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS RECEIVING RIFAMPICIN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAB102) Manosuthi W.1, Avihingsanon A.2, Kantipong P.3, Chuchotaworn C.4, Moolphate S.5, Sakornjun W.2, Yamada N.5, Yanai H.5, Phanuphak P.2, Burger D.6, Ruxrungtham K.7 A high percentage of suboptimal levels were found in the 200 mg qd lead-in period whereas the NVP 200mg BID lead in was associated with drug hypersensitivity. However, NVP dosed at 200mg BID as part of combination ART with 200 mg qd lead-in provided potent virological suppression and good CD4 response over 24 weeks observation. NVP 200 mg BID should be sufficient for most Thai HIV-infected patients receiving RIF. |
| MOAB103 | TB CO-INFECTION TREATED AT ONSET OF THERAPY DOES NOT AFFECT LONG-TERM RISK OF TREATMENT FAILURE AMONG HIV-1 PATIENTS INITIATING EFAVIRENZ (EFV)-BASED COMBINATION ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT (cART) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAB103) Patel K.1, Patel A.1, Naik E.2, Ranjan R.1, Patel J.3, Tash K.4, Sinnott J.5 After up to three years of follow-up, a history of TB co-infection treated with rifampicin did not predict an increased risk of treatment failure among HIV-infected patients on EFV-based cART. |
| MOAB104 | INCIDENCE OF SUB-THERAPEUTIC TUBERCULOSIS DRUG CONCENTRATIONS AND ASSOCIATED TREATMENT OUTCOMES AMONG PREDOMINANTLY HIV-INFECTED TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS, BOTSWANA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAB104) Chideya S.1, Peloquin C.2, Winston C.1, Wells C.1, Tappero J.3 Low concentrations of TB drugs may occur frequently among Botswana’s populace, regardless of HIV infection status, and low pyrazinamide may be associated with poor outcome among people living with AIDS. Further efforts to explain these pharmacokinetic aberrations and their link to HIV infection status, TB treatment outcomes and TB drug-resistance should be pursued. |
| MOAB105 | MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PATIENTS IN THE HAART ERA, IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAB105) Schmaltz C.1, Marinho F.1, Souza S.1, Lourenço C.2, Morgado M.1, Rolla V.1, Lopes G.3 These results suggest that despite the free access to HAART in Brazil, TB-associated mortality among patients who started anti-TB therapy is still significantly higher among HIV/TB co-infected subjects than among HIV negative patients. |
| MOAC1 | STI Treatment for HIV Prevention |
| MOAC101 | Herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among U.S. military service members; public health implications and opportunities for HIV prevention IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC101) Bautista C.T.1, Singer D.E.1, O'Connell R.1, Agan B.2, Malia J.1, Sanchez J.L.3, Peel S.1, Michael N.L.1, Scott P.T.1 The high HSV-2 prevalence among HIV-1 infected population and the strong association of HSV-2 with the incidence of HIV-1 infection may have major public health implications for HSV-2 and HIV prevention. Recent advances in understanding of the complex relationship between HSV-2 and HIV-1 may present opportunities to reduce both the burden of HSV-2 infection and prevent incident HIV-1 infections among U.S. military service members [4,5]. |
| MOAC102 | CO-INFECTION OF STDS WITH HIV AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN BEIJING, CHINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC102) Zhang X.X.1, Wang C.1, Wang H.1, Li D.1, Zhang X.Y.2, Shao Y.3 The co-infection rate was much higher in HIV-positive MSM compared with those in HIV- MSM population. HIV-positive men were most frequently coinfected with syphilis. The data suggest that the strategy for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among MSM should be combined with STDs in China. |
| MOAC103 | INFECTION WITH TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK FOR HSV-2 INFECTION AMONG MARRIED WOMEN IN MYSORE, INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC103) Madhivanan P.1, Krupp K.2, Chandrasekaran V.3, Karat C.3, Arun A.4, Klausner J.5, Reingold A.6 Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis, and Muslim religion were independently associated with prevalent HSV-2 infection. Low cost public health interventions such as aggressive diagnosis and treatment of lower genital tract infections may be a cost effective way to slow the ongoing HIV epidemic among women in India. More research is needed to understand the role of religion and cultural factors like circumcision in Indian men, in prevention of viral infections such as HSV-2 and HIV. |
| MOAC104 | IMPACT OF HSV-2 SUPPRESSIVE THERAPY ON HIV INCIDENCE IN HSV-2 SEROPOSITIVE WOMEN: A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL IN TANZANIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC104) Watson-Jones D.1, Rusizoka M.1, Weiss H.2, Mugeye K.1, Baisley K.3, Changalucha J.3, Everett D.3, Tanton C.2, Clayton T.2, Ross D.2, Hayes R.2 The impact of suppressive therapy on HIV incidence up to 30 months follow-up will be presented. Preliminary analysis suggests that adherence assessed by tablet counting improved and then fell with time. Pregnancy is the main reason for withdrawal from study tablets. |
| MOAC105 | HIV-1 AND STIS PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS AMONG MINERS AND FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN THE MINING AREAS OF GEJIU, YUNNAN, CHINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC105) Wang N.1, Zhang G.L.1, Pu Y.2, Xu J.J.1, Li B.S.2, Ding G.W.1, Ma Y.L.3, Wang H.B.1, Zheng X.W.1, Wu Z.L.4 The prevalence of HIV and other STIs in the mining areas in Gejiu of Yunnan is high, especially in FSWs. While HIV/STIs prevalence among miners is still relatively low, high-risk sexual behaviors and illegal drug use were reportedly frequent. Therefore, programs focusing on HIV/STIs prevention targeting high-risk groups can be extremely important in communities like Geiju City with high rates of HIV transmission and sizeable floating populations migrating from rural areas for work opportunities. |
| MOAC2 | Global Responses to HIV Prevention Among Injection Drug Users |
| MOAC201 | TRENDS AND PREDICTORS OF HIV-ASSOCIATED RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS PARTICIPATING IN AN HIV PREVENTION TRIAL, BANGKOK IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC201) Vanichseni S.1, Martin M.2, Suntharasamai P.1, Sangkum U.1, van Griensven F.2, Mock P.2, Chuachoowong R.2, Leethochawalit M.3, Chiamwongpaet S.3, Choopanya K.1 BTS participants reported decreased risk behavior during trial follow-up but remain at risk for HIV infection. There is an urgent need for effective biological and behavioral interventions to prevent HIV infection of IDUs. |
| MOAC202 | A DECADE OF HIV SURVEILLANCE AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS IN AUSTRALIA: RESULTS FROM THE AUSTRALIAN NEEDLE AND SYRINGE PROGRAM SURVEY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC202) Day C., Topp L., Iverson J., Maher L. These data confirm that HIV prevalence among NSP attendees in Australia has been consistently low and suggest that the epidemiology of HIV in this group mirrors that evident in the broader Australian population, where the majority of exposures are attributed to male-to-male sexual contact. NSPs are a crucial component of Australia’s successful HIV surveillance mechanism. |
| MOAC203 | PREVALENCE OF HIV AND RISKY BEHAVIORS AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS OF A PRISON IN TEHRAN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC203) Motevalian S.A.1, Farhoodi B.2, Motamedi M.3, Motevali Khamene M.4, Mohraz M.5, Rasoulinejad M.5, Jaafari S.5, Afshar P.4, Esmailie I.4, Mohseni L.4 We observed a high prevalence of HIV and risky behaviors among IDUs in the studied prison. This emphasizes the necessity of sustainable harm reduction programs. To protect general population from this epidemic, special programs should be targeted to the sexual partners of this high risk group. |
| MOAC204 | OPIOID SUBSTITUTION THERAPY (OST) WITH BUPRENORPHINE IN UKRAINE – WAY TO PREVENT HIV/AIDS AMONG IDUs IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC204) Dvoriak S. BMT in Ukraine, with high levels of retention in treatment and dramatic decreasing of injection behavior, remains promising. There is obvious necessity for expansion of OST to allow GPs to be allowed to prescribe buprenorphine. Additionally, the availability of methadone must be addressed. Both are desperately needed if OST is to expand from 525 to 6,000 by the end of 2007 and, most importantly, the estimated goal of 60,000 necessary to impact the HIV epidemic in Ukraine. |
| MOAC205 | RESPONDING TO THE HIV EPIDEMIC AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS IN VANCOUVER, CANADA: EVIDENCE OF BEST PRACTICE IN NEEDLE EXCHANGE TO PREVENT HIV RISK BEHAVIOUR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC205) Kerr T., Small W., Fair B., Wood E. Efforts to improve the delivery NEP services through expanded access and removal of limits on the number of syringes distributed was accompanied by declines in reports of difficulty accessing and syringe sharing. These findings have implications for best practices in HIV prevention for IDU. However, our findings indicate the need for additional complimentary policies and programs to address ongoing syringe sharing. |
| MOAC3 | Ethics In Biomedical Prevention |
| MOAC301 | New biomedical prevention strategies: emerging ethical issues in research IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC301) Jeremy Sugarman Abstract not available |
| MOAC302 | HAART AS PREVENTION: THE ETHICS OF SUPPRESSING HIV REPLICATION IN INFECTED INDIVIDUALS TO PROTECT THEIR UNINFECTED PARTNERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC302) Routy J.-P.1, Lebouché B.2, Brenner B.3, Thomas R.4, Tremblay C.5, Rouleau D.5, Bruneau J.6, Baril J.-G.7, Shenker H.8, Raffi F.9, Wainberg M.3, Gilmore N.1 Whether physicians should counsel their patients to initiate HAART, as a prevention strategy is still unresolved. In the meantime, prevention efforts should focus on: (1) development of prospective clinical trails to confirm the role of HAART in reducing transmission (2) identifying HIV infection as early as possible to counsel partners about avoiding risks of infection (3) encouraging partners to always protect themselves, even when the infected partners are being treated successfully (4) infected persons seeking early HAART, as a preventive strategy, should never be denied this intervention. |
| MOAC303 | HOW INFORMED IS CONSENT? USING A CONTINUOUS CONSENT PROCESS AMONG HIGH-RISK WOMEN WHO ENGAGE IN TRANSACTIONAL SEX IN THE MDP301 VAGINAL MICROBICIDE TRIAL, MWANZA, TANZANIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC303) Vallely A.1, Lees S.1, Shagi C.2, Kasindi S.2, Vallely L.3, Soteli S.2, Kavit N.2, McCormack S.4, Pool R.5, Hayes R.6, Microbicides Development Programme Providing information to trial participants in a focussed, locally-appropriate manner using methods developed in consultation with the community and consolidating these activities by a continuous informed-consent process has resulted in high levels of retention and comprehension in this setting. |
| MOAC304 | ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS RELATED TO THE PROVISION OF CARE AND TREATMENT IN VACCINE TRIALS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th: (abstract no. MOAC304) Tarantola D.1, Macklin R.2, Reed Z.H.3, Osmanov S.4, Strobie M.5, Hankins C.6, Kieny M.P.3 A structured approach involving investigators, sponsors, trial communities and other stakeholders in research should ensure that the needs and legitimate expectations of trial participants are appropriately met and obligations towards them delivered. This is a necessary, if not sufficient, condition for facilitating ethical research in the interest of public health. The experience acquired in actual field settings will be applied to the further elaboration of the guidance provided. |
MOBS1 |
BRIDGING SESSION Hepatitis Co-infection – Not as Easy as A,B,C |
| MOBS103 | HBV: MOLECULAR RESISTANCE PATHWAYS FOR HEPATITIS B IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOBS103) Stephen Locarnini Power Point Presentation |
| MOBS104 | HBV: EVOLVING TREATMENT PARADIGMS IN HIV-HBV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOBS104) Vincent Soriano Power Point Presentation |
| MOBS2 | Immune Reconstitution Disease: Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation and Management |
| MOBS202 | PATHOGENESIS OF MYCOBACTERIAL IRD IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOBS202) Robert J. Wilkinson Power Point Presentation |
| MOBS203 | CRYPTOCOCCAL IRIS IN AFRICA: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND PATHOGENESIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOBS203) Paul Bohjanen Power Point Presentation |
| MOBS3 | Prophylactic HIV Vaccines: Where Are We? |
| MOBS301 | PHASE IIB HIV VACCINE TRIALS AND VIRAL LOAD ENDPOINTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOBS301) Glenda Gray Power Point Presentation |
MOPDA |
POSTER DISCUSSION Models for Mucosal Immunity and Transmission |
| MOPDA01 | Introduction and overview IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDA01) J. Victor Garcia-Martinez, United States Abstract not available |
| MOPDA02 | TRIGGERING INNATE RESISTANCE TO HIV-1 INFECTION IN CERVICOVAGINAL TISSUE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDA02) Hayes M.1, Alder G.2, Shianna K.3, Laing K.4, Hu Q.1, Coulton G.2, Harman S.1, Kasali O.2, Shattock R.1 We have characterized the innate cytokine response to a wide range of TLR ligands, such data could provide important insight into their potential use as mucosal adjuvants. Furthermore, we have identified specific triggers of innate R5 HIV-1 resistance in genital mucosa. |
| MOPDA03 | IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF NOVEL HIV-1 SPECIFIC IGA ANTIBODY VARIABLE HEAVY AND LIGHT CHAINS FROM HIV-1 RESISTANT SEX WORKERS FROM NAIROBI, KENYA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDA03) Sarna C.1, Ball T.B.1, Gubbins M.J.2, Berry J.D.2, Plummer F.A.2 We have successfully cloned antibody genes from the cervical B-cells of HIV-1-resistant women and produced human monoclonal HIV-1-specific IgA in vitro. This cloning strategy enables the production of large quantities of IgA needed to conduct an in-depth analysis of the protective role of HIV-specific IgA at the genital tract, which is the first step towards designing safe and effective treatments to block HIV-1 transmission. Future directions of this study include viral neutralization and transcytosis assays, and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy epitope mapping. |
| MOPDA04 | DEVELOPMENT OF DENDRIMER-BASED MICROBICIDES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDA04) Tachedjian G.1, Tyssen D.1, Henderson S.2, Lowe M.2, Zanin M.1, Paull J.2, Krippner G.2, McCarthy T.2, Wesselingh S.1 We have demonstrated that SPL7013 is active against a variety of HIV isolates from various clades and utilising both R5 and X4 co-receptors and that it is difficult to generate in vitro HIV-1 resistance to this dendrimer. |
| MOPDA05 | FLUORESCENT DETECTION OF INDIVIDUAL HIV VIRIONS WITHIN GENITAL TISSUES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDA05) McCoombe S.G., Hope T.J. Understanding the initial events of HIV sexual transmission is essential for the development of new preventative strategies. Observing early HIV interactions in genital tissues both in vitro and in vivo has provided important insight into HIV transmission across epithelial barriers, and highlights the importance of local target cells. |
| MOPDA06 | Conclusion IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDA06) Naoki Yamamoto, Japan Power Point Presentation |
| MOPDB | Pathogenesis and Treatment in Women |
| MOPDB01 | IMPACT OF VAGINAL MICROBES ON POSTPARTUM INFECTIOUS MORBIDITY AMONG HIV INFECTED AND UNINFECTED WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDB01) Sebitloane M., Moodley J. HIV infected women carry more pathogenic vaginal microbes during pregnancy, which subsequently lead to increased postpartum sepsis. |
| MOPDB02 | EFFECT OF HIV-1 INFECTION AND INCREASING IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ON MENSTRUAL FUNCTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDB02) Ezechi O.C.1, Jogo A.2, Njemanze O.1, Gab-Okafor C.1, Onwujekwe D.1, Odunukwe N.1, Ezeobi P.1, Gbajabiamila T.1, Adu R.1, Audu R.3, Akinbami O.1, Somefun E.1, Musa A.1, Salu O.3, Meshack E.3, Anyanwu R.1, Amadi E.1, Nwogbe O.1, Ekong E.4, Idigbe O.5, Kanki P.4 HIV-1 infection is associated with an increased frequency of menstrual abnormalities. This association tends to become more pronounced with advancing immunosuppression, weight loss and improves with ARV drug use. |
| MOPDB03 | GENDER-BASED DIFFERENCES IN HIV TREATMENT AND OUTCOME AMONG PATIENTS RECEIVING GENERIC HAART IN SOUTH INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDB03) Kumarasamy N.1, Venkatesh K2, Cecelia A.1, Devaleenal B.1, Saghayam S.1, Yepthomi T.1, Balakrishnan P.1, Flanigan T.2, Solomon S.1, Mayer K.2 Significant physiologic, immunologic, and clinical differences exist between men and women initiating HAART in a resource poor clinical setting in South India. However, immunologic gender-based differences diminish over time after initiating HAART. |
| MOPDB04 | TIPRANAVIR/RITONAVIR (500/200 MG BID) DEMONSTRATED POTENT AND DURABLE VIROLOGIC RESPONSES AND A FAVOURABLE SAFETY PROFILE IN HIV-1 POSITIVE WOMEN PARTICIPATING IN RESIST IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDB04) Walmsley S.1, Squires K.2, Kraft M.3, Scherer J.3, Weiss L.4, Easterbrook P.5, Orani A.6 Over 48 weeks, no gender-related differences in efficacy and safety were seen in RESIST patients taking TRV/r, despite women having higher steady-state plasma TPV trough concentrations. Women experienced greater immunologic reconstitution than men. |
| MOPDB06LB | DRUG RESISTANCE IN HIV-1 INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN ENROLLED IN THE NATIONAL PMTCT PROGRAM IN HO CHI MINH CITY (HCMC), VIETNAM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDB06) Truong T.X.L.1, Thanh T.C.1, Ton T.1, Tram L.T.1, Thanh L.C.1, Nghia K.V.1, Nhung V.T.2, Quan T.T.V.2, Ngoc H.T.2, Van N.T.A.2 Low frequency of drug resistance was observed among ARV naïve mothers, probably related to recently access ARVs in Vietnam. 3TC and NVP mutations were detected in mothers used AZT+3TC or sdNVP respectively,except 3 drugs were used either during pregnancy or in short term regimen,strengthening recommendations for combining ARVs in PMTCT. |
| MOPDC | The Treatment-Prevention Nexus |
| MOPDC01 | PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS AND TIMED INTERCOURSE FOR HIV-DISCORDANT COUPLES WILLING TO CONCEIVE A CHILD IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDC01) Vernazza P.1, Brenner I.1, Graf I.2 The true number of HIV-discordant couples who practice unprotected sex to conceive is most likely underestimated. The risk of transmission in a couple with a fully treated male partner is low and can further be reduced by timed intercourse and a short pre-exposure prophylaxis with tenofovir. The pregnancy rates of natural conception are substantially higher than with artificial reproduction techniques (40% in our program). |
| MOPDC02 | RANDOMISED COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PATIENTS TOLERANCE OF AND ADHERENCE TO COMBIVIR AND TENOFOVIR VERSUS STAVUDINE LAMIVUDINE AND TENOFOVIR AS HIV POST- EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS(PEP) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDC02) Hawkins D., Higgs C., Mandalia S., Nwokolo N. Our study has the benefit of being randomised and confirms that replacing AZT by d4t in a tenofovir based regimen leads to better tolerance. In view of its significant short term poor tolerability even with routinely prescribed antiemetics it might be wise to eschew the use of AZT in PEP regimens. Suitable combinations might be TDF/FTC or TDF/3TC along with d4t or better tolerated PIs. |
| MOPDC03 | DANISH POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (PEP) REGISTRY: 10 YEARS EXPERIENCE WITH THE USE OF PEP FOLLOWING HIV EXPOSURE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDC03) Lunding S.1, Katzenstein T.L.2, Kronborg G.3, Lindberg J.4, Jensen J.5, Nielsen H.I.6, Pedersen C.7, Kristensen L.8 In Denmark PEP can only be prescribed by specialists in infectious diseases which ensures a qualified risk assesment. Although PEP following sexual exposure PEP is increasing, repeated administration of PEP is rare. |
| MOPDC04 | HIV PEP UPTAKE AMONG SEXUAL ASSAULT SURVIVORS: RESULTS OF AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDC04) Kilonzo N.1, Ajema C.1, Theobald S.2, Taegtmeyer M.2 Baseline test data demonstrates other contextual HIV risk among survivors. 1 seroconversion could be probable PEP failure of poor adherence. Adherence was not measured. HIV PEP counselling for assault survivors is essential and should address other HIV risk. PEP utilization needs to be optimized through enhanced adherence counselling, strengthening follow up and retention of surivors for HIV testing. |
| MOPDC05 | INCIDENCE OF HIV INFECTION OF SEXUAL ASSAULT IN BANGKOK, THAILAND IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDC05) Vitavasiri C.1, Phayanoi C.2, Narkchum K.2 It was found that the incidence of HIV infection of sexual assault was 0.38%. Although the cost effectiveness of the program could not be evaluated, the program has lead to the deduction of HIV infection along with the rights to be protected according to the Constitution of Kingdom of Thailand. |
| MOPDX | New Drug Targets and New Compounds |
| MOPDX01 | DISCOVERY OF A NOVEL CLASS OF ORALLY BIOAVAILABLE HIV-1 FUSION INHIBITORS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDX01) Finnegan C., Nitz T., Yunus A., Burimski I., Kilgore N., Bramah-Lawani M., Manion J., Zuiderhof M., Matallana C., Beaubien C., Talbot M., Allaway G., Salzwedel K. We have discovered a novel class of potent, orally bioavailable HIV-1 fusion inhibitors with a mechanism of action and resistance profile distinct from enfuvirtide. These compounds are being optimized for pre-clinical drug development and may lead to attractive therapeutic alternatives to peptide-based fusion inhibitors. |
| MOPDX02 | MECHANISM OF INHIBITION OF THE POLYMERASE ACTIVITY OF HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE BY DIHYDROXYTROPOLONES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDX02) Didierjean J.1, Isel C.1, Querré F.2, Marchand B.3, Bernacchi S.1, Valnot J.-Y.2, Canard B.4, Götte M.3, Piettre S.R.2, Marquet R.1 Our results strongly suggest that DHT bind at least one of the two catalytic Mg2+ of the polymerase active site, without preventing binding of the substrates. They are the first RT polymerase inhibitors acting by this mechanism. DHT likely distort the geometry of the active site, thus preventing the chemical step of polymerization. |
| MOPDX03 | DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS OF HIV-1 TAT-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE-1 INTERACTION AS A NEW ANTI-HIV-1 RETROVIRAL THERAPEUTICS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDX03) Kovalskyy D.1, Platonov M.1, Ammosova T.2, Nekhai S.2 Our studies provide evidence that HIV-1 transcription is inhibited when interaction of HIV-1 Tat with PP1 is disrupted by a small molecular compound. This is the first example of a development of small molecular inhibitors of PP1 designed to inhibit HIV-1 transcription. Thus our studies open a future avenue for the design of small molecular compounds that may be selected from the promising scaffold that we described. |
| MOPDX04 | POTENT INHIBITION OF HIV-1 REPLICATION BY NOVEL NON-PEPTIDYL SMALL MOLECULE PROTEASE DIMERIZATION INHIBITORS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDX04) Koh Y.1, Matsumi S.1, Amano M.1, Das D.2, Davis D.A.3, Li J.4, Leschenko S.4, Baldridge A.4, Shioda T.5, Yarchoan R.3, Ghosh A.K.4, Mitsuya H.2 The present data should not only help design and examine agents that potentially inhibit HIV-1 protease dimerization, but also should give new insights into the process and dynamics of HIV-1 protease dimerization per se. |
| MOPDX05 | CHARACTERIZATION OF PA1050040, A SECOND GENERATION HIV-1 MATURATION INHIBITOR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDX05) Kilgore N., Reddick M., Zuiderhof M., Stanley D., Nitz T., Bullock P., Allaway G., Martin D. PA1050040 warrants further development as a second-generation maturation inhibitor. Reduced serum protein binding compared to BVM may yield greater potency in vivo. PA1050040 has a distinct in vitro resistance profile. Like BVM, PA1050040 maintains advantageous metabolic characteristics that may reduce the potential for metabolic drug-drug interactions. |
| MOPDX06 | THE ANTIRETROVIRAL EFFICACY OF A NOVEL COMPOUND BIT225: INHIBITION OF HIV-1 RELEASE FROM HUMAN MACROPHAGE RESERVOIRS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPDX06) Khoury G.1, Ewart G.2, Luscombe C.2, Miller M.2, Wilkinson J.1 This study shows that BIT225 is a late-phase inhibitor that significantly inhibits HIV-1 release in both acute and chronic assays. The abnormal morphology observed by EM within the intracellular compartments hints toward a unique mechanism of action of BIT225. |
MOSS1 |
SPECIAL SESSION New Data and International Antiretroviral Treatment Guidelines: Interactive, State-of-the-Art Session |
| MOSS100 | INTRODUCTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSS100) Alan Street Power Point Presentation |
| MOSS101 | WHERE IS THE PENDULUM NOW? INITIAL ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, WHEN TO START, WHAT TO START, AND THE IMPACT OF NEW DRUGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSS101) Mauro Schechter Power Point Presentation |
| MOSS102 | MANAGING ANTIRETROVIRAL FAILURE AND THE IAS-USA AND OTHER DEVELOPED WORLD GUIDELINES: WHEN TO SWITCH, WHAT TO SWITCH, AND NEW DRUG CLASSES IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSS101) Michael Saag Power Point Presentation |
MOSY1 |
SYMPOSIUM Beyond HIV Serology: The Global Health Impact of Improved Diagnostic Technologies for the Developing World |
| MOSY101 | GLOBAL HEALTH DIAGNOSTICS: SCIENCE OR FICTION? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY101) Penny Wilson Power Point Presentation |
| MOSY103 | CD4 AND VIRAL LOAD DIAGNOSTIC FOR THE DEVELOPING WORLD IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY103) Elizabeth Dax Power Point Presentation |
| MOSY2 | Treatment of Early HIV Disease |
| MOSY202 | CHANGING PATTERNS OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN HIV DISEASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY202) James Neaton Power Point Presentation |
| MOSY204 | CAN WE TREAT OUR WAY OUT OF THIS EPIDEMIC? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY204) Julio Montaner Power Point Presentation |
| MOSY205 | IS AN EARLY TREATMENT STUDY IMPORTANT NOW? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY205) Fred Gordin Power Point Presentation |
| MOSY3 | Emerging Challenges in Designing Prevention Research |
| MOSY301 | CURRENT IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES OF HIV PREVENTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY301) Quarraisha Abdool Karim Power Point Presentation |
| MOSY302 | EMERGING CLINICAL TRIAL DESIGN CHALLENGES IN HIV PREVENTION RESEARCH IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY302) Willard Cates Jr Power Point Presentation |
| MOSY303 | CHALLENGES IN MICROBICIDE TRIAL DESIGN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY303) Andrew Nunn Power Point Presentation |
| MOSY304 | WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE TO MOVE PREVENTION RESEARCH FORWARD? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOSY304) Veronica Miller Power Point Presentation |
MOPEA |
POSTER EXHIBITION Track A: HIV Basic Science HIV-1: Viral assembly and maturation MOPEA001 → MOPEA003 |
| MOPEA001 | INVESTIGATING THE TRAFFICKING AND ASSEMBLY OF HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA001) Grigorov B.1, Bosch B.2, Arcanger F.3, Roingeard P.3, Esté J.2, Darlix J.-L.1, Muriaux D.1 Our results favour a model for HIV-1 assembly where Gag, Env and the genomic RNA are targeted to MVBs, in which infectious virions accumulate to be subsequently released by exocytosis. Alternatively, upon cell-to-cell contacts, HIV-1 can be directly transferred to naïve T-lymphocytes via clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Thus, intracellular assembly of HIV-1 together with a cell-to-cell dissemination mode most probably favour escape of the virus from immune surveillance and the persistence of HIV-1 infection. |
| MOPEA002 | INHIBITION OF RETROVIRUS RELEASE BY A LATE DOMAIN PEPTIDE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA002) Xhilaga M.1, Van Der Meulen J.1, Ellis S.2, Crowe S.3, Gaur R.4, Lewin S.1, Freed E.5 These results suggest that PTAP-containing peptides may provide a starting point for the development of HIV-1 budding inhibitors. |
| MOPEA003 | MUTATIONS IN CAPSID MAJOR HOMOLOGY REGION AFFECT ASSEMBLY AND MEMBRANE AFFINITY OF HIV-1 GAG IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA003) Wang C.-T.1, Chang Y.-F.1, Huang K.-J.2, Wang S.-M.1 The HIV-1 MHR and adjacent downstream region facilitate multimerization and tight Gag packing. Enhanced Gag multimerization may help expose the membrane-binding domain and thus improve Gag membrane affinity, which in turn promotes Gag multimerization into higher-order assembly products. |
| Regulatory gene functions and proteins MOPEA004 → MOPEA007 |
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| MOPEA004 | RESISTANCE TO HIV INFECTION OF PRIMARY MACROPHAGES FOLLOWING siRNA-MEDIATED DOWNREGULATION OF CELLULAR METALLOPROTEASE ADAM10 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA004) Friedrich B.1, Murray J.2, Rubin D.3, Hodge T.2, O'Brien W.4 Confirmation of the requirement of candidate host genes identified in gene trapping studies for viral replication in primary macrophages is a critical step in the development of specific therapies that target actions of cellular proteins. The absence of cytotoxic effects associated with downregulation in primary macrophages suggests that ADAM10 may not be essential for the cell and may provide a unique target for therapeutic intervention. |
| MOPEA005 | HIV GENOTYPING IN THE FREE STATE OF SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA005) van den Heever W. This project has contributed to the baseline knowledge of the infected population enabling us to anticipate the emerging resistance mutations. |
| MOPEA006 | NUCLEOTIDE CHANGES IN THE HIV RRE CAUSE RESISTANCE TO ANTI-Rev COMPOUNDS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA006) Shuck-Lee D.1, Ptak R.2, Hammarskjold M.-L.1, Rekosh D.1 These results indicate that different RRE sequences have varying efficiencies, and that the RRE can act as a determinant of viral fitness. We hypothesize that Rev and the RRE are likely to have co-evolved to function in an optimal way for each viral strain. |
| MOPEA007 | FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF Vpr MUTANTS IDENTIFIED IN HIV+ PATIENT COHORTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA007) Hitchen E.M., Wang B., Saksena N., Piller S.C. This study highlights the importance of studying the functional effects of naturally occurring Vpr mutations in order to gain a better understanding of the exact molecular mechanisms this HIV protein interferes with during development of disease. These findings will help design more specific anti-Vpr drugs in the future. |
| HIV2 MOPEA008 → MOPEA010 |
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| MOPEA008 | HIV-2 INDUCES NF-κB ACTIVATION AND CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 EXPRESSION IN HUMAN GLIAL CELLS: ROLE IN NEURONAL TOXICITY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA008) Álvarez S.1, Blanco A.2, Kern F.2, Fresno M.1, Muñoz-Fernández M.Á.2 HIV-2 induces COX-2 in human U-87 cells depending on CXCR4 receptor and NF-kB activation and the PGE2 generated could contribute to indirect toxicity on neurons. |
| MOPEA009 | DEFECT RESPONSIVENESS TO TLR9 STIMULI IN PROGRESSIVE HIV-1 AS WELL AS HIV-2 INFECTIONS DISCLOSED BY WHOLE BLOOD STIMULATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA009) Nowroozalizadeh S.1, Månsson F.2, Repits J.3, da Silva Z.4, Pereira C.4, Biague A.4, Albert J.1, Holmgren B.3, Aaby P.5, Norrgren H.2, Fenyö E.M.3, Jansson M.1 Both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections may cause innate immunity dysregulation in the form of defect TLR9 stimuli responsiveness, along with disease progression. |
| MOPEA010 | HIV-1 AND HIV-2: TOTAL DNA AND 2LTR CIRCULAR DNA IN THE EARLY PHASE OF INFECTION IN VITRO QUANTIFICATION BY REAL TIME PCR USING A COMBINED HIV-1+ HIV-2 PLASMID IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA010) Gueudin M.1, Plantier J.C.1, Damond F.2, Simon F.3 HIV-2 produces less DNA than HIV-1 during the first hours of an infection but there is a major difference between the quantities of 2LTR circular DNA forms produced with a more important accumulation in HIV-2. The lower pathogenicity of HIV-2 could be probably explained by different viral and cellular factors including a lower efficiency in DNA production and its integration. |
| Other human and animal retroviruses MOPEA011 → MOPEA012 |
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| MOPEA011 | MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF GAG, POL AND ENV GENES OF FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ISOLATES FROM DOMESTIC CATS UNDER NRTI TREATMENT OR TREATMENT-NAÏVE CIRCULATING AT RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA011) de Oliveira Medeiros S.1, Nascimento Martins A.1, Pascoal Simonetti J.2, Gonçalves Schatzmayr H.2, Tanuri A.1, de Moraes Brindeiro R.1 This is the first report which characterizes subtypes based on sequence analysis of all 3 major retroviral genes (gag, pol and env), as well as the first results from isolates circulating in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil. Resistance mutations to NRTI were not found although treated cats were under long-term treatment. |
| MOPEA012 | MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND HTLV-1-ASSOCIATED MYELOPATHY/TROPICAL SPASTIC PARAPARESIS (HAM/TSP): MOLECULAR MIMICRY BETWEEN MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN (MBP) AND HTLV-1, -2 GAG P15, HUMAN HERPES VIRUS-6 U24 AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS RETROVIRUS (MSRV) GAG CAPSIDE AT THE TRIPROLINE MOTIF IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA012) Caprani A.1, Tran M.K.G.2 The demyelinisation observed in HAM/PST and MS is explained by a molecular mimicry between MBP and the 4 viruses found in these neurologic diseases:HTLV1,-2(for HAM/TSP),HHV6 and MSRV(for MS); this is a molecular confirmation which reinforce and compete virus islations. This epitope is restricted by HLA DR2(=DR15);it is logical to treat HAM/TSP and MS with antivirals specific of retovirus and herpès virus. |
| Innate immunity MOPE014 → MOPEA019 |
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| MOPEA014 | PARTIAL RESTORATION OF IPCS LEVEL IN HAART TREATED HIV INFECTED INDIVIDUALS IN CHINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA014) Hong K.1, Feng Y.1, Chen J.1, Ruan Y.1, Xing H.1, Shao Y.1 Our data demonstrated that a gradual loss of IPCs occurred over the disease progression. A higher IPC level observed in potential non-progressors might imply that IPC plays a potential role in controlling HIV disease progression. During effective HARRT therapy, IPCs level can be partially restored. |
| MOPEA015 | DIFFERENTIAL M1 AND M2 ACTIVATION OF MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES INHIBITS R5 HIV-1 REPLICATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA015) Cassol E., Alfano M., Poli G. M1 and M2 activated MDM result in a reduced capacity to support productive HIV-1 infection than uncommitted MDM. The decrease in virus production following activation was associated with a partial down-regulation of CD4 and likely occurred after viral entry. The transient nature of M1/M2 activation suggests a potential mechanism by which macrophages cycle between latent and productive infection. |
| MOPEA016 | HIGHER TYPE 1 INTERFERON LEVELS IN PLASMA COULD SUPPORT NK CELLS ACTIVITY IN ASYMPTOMATIC HIV-2 THAN IN HIV-1 INDIVIDUALS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA016) Nuvor S.V., Whittle H., Rowland-Jones S., Crozier S., Avieka A., Jaye A. The levels and coordinated activity of cytokines may be important in activation of NK cells in early HIV infection. However, IFN-α might play a major role in NK cells function in HIV-2 infection that may contribute to prolong asymptomatic condition. |
| MOPEA017 | Expression of RNA and DNA sensing Toll-like receptors in dendritic cell subsets and relevance to co-infection with HIV and HSV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA017) Dunstan K., Donaghy H., Marsden V., Cunningham A. Surface expressed TLR7 and 9 have not previously been reported in DCs and are potentially relevant to HSV and HIV pathogenesis as early signalling RNA and DNA sensors to combat these mucosal viral infections. |
| MOPEA018 | UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR (uPA) INHIBITION OF HIV-1 REPLICATION IN MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES IS DEPENDENT UPON VITRONECTIN-MEDIATED CELL ADHESION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA018) Alfano M.1, Elia C.1, Sidenius N.2, Blasi F.3, Poli G.1 Monocytic cell adhesion mediated by VN is required for uPA-dependent inhibition of HIV replication in mononuclear phagocytes. |
| MOPEA019 | DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION OF THE ISG15 SPECIFIC HERC5 UBIQUITIN LIGASE UPON INFECTION BY NEF-OPEN VERSUS NEF-DELETED VIRUSES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA019) Mahé D., Rahm N., Gloeckler L., Beyer C., Brignon N., Doridot S., Werner S., Gut J.-P., Aubertin A.-M. These effects raise the possibility that the ISGylation conjugation pathway may play a critical role in SIV pathogenesis. Whether it could be activated directly or via type I IFN system will be analysed. |
| T Regulatory Cells MOPEA020 → MOPEA023 |
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| MOPEA020 | REGULATORY T CELL ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH ABERRANT CD4+ T CELL RESPONSES IN HIV+ PATIENTS WITH IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION DISEASE (IRD) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA020) N. Seddiki1, S. Sasson1, M.L. Munier1, D. van Bockel1, J. Zaunders2, D. Marriot2, S. Pett1, D. Cooper1, A. Kelleher1 We found that some of these cytokines strongly inhibit Treg suppression. Furthermore, in vitro suppression assays demonstrated abnormalities in the functional capacity of both suppressors and responders from these patients indicating multifaceted defects in the regulation of CD4 T cell immune responses. Altogether, these data suggest that despite the high Treg expansion in IRD, their ability to induce suppression and turn off these aberrant immune responses is compromised. |
| MOPEA021 | INCREASED FREQUENCY OF CD25+FOXP3+ CD4 T CELLS IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS WITH LOW CD4 T CELL RECOVERY UNDER ART DESPITE UNDETECTABLE VIREMIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA021) Albuquerque A.S., Foxall R.B., Soares R.S., Victorino R.M.M., Sousa A.E. The expansion of regulatory T cells observed in ART-Discordant HIV-1+ patients is unable to control their heightened state of immune-activation. Further longitudinal studies are required to determine the kinetics of the observed expansion and its impact on the homeostatic responses that may contribute to the observed impairment of immune reconstitution. |
| MOPEA022 | PROPORTIONS OF CIRCULATING T CELLS WITH A REGULATORY CELL PHENOTYPE INCREASE WITH HIV-ASSOCIATED IMMUNE ACTIVATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA022) Lim A.1, Price P.1, French M.2 Proportions of circulating T cells with a regulatory cell phenotype increase with HIV-associated immune activation. |
| MOPEA023 | ANTIBODY PROTEIN ARRAYS OF CD MARKERS ON CD4+ AND CD8+ T CELLS DEMONSTRATE THAT CD8+ T CELLS DISCRIMINATE BETTER BETWEEN HIV DISEASE GROUPS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA023) Wu J.Q.1, Belov L.2, Evans K.2, Dwyer D.E.3, Saksena N.K.1 Although both T cell subsets showed good predictive value, the CD8+ T cells were superior at distinguishing between HIV disease groups. These findings may provide considerable insights into the diagnostic and prognostic value of CD8+ T cells in HIV infection. |
| Viral determinants of HIV pathogenesis MOPEA024 → MOPEA034 |
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| MOPEA024 | LOW FREQUENCY OF G-TO-A HYPERMUTATIONS IN NEF OF HIV-INFECTED HEMOPHILIACS WITH PROGRESSING AND NON-PROGRESSING HIV DISEASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA024) De Rosa A.1, Coradin T.1, Ghezzi S.1, Strebel K.2, Vicenzi E.1 LTNP-4 is a single LTNP who is in good healthy conditions after >20 years of infection. Defective Vif might contribute, among other factors, in maintaining low level of viral replication. |
| MOPEA025 | CLEARANCE OF TRANSFUSION-ACQUIRED, ATTENUATED NEF-DELETED HIV-1 INFECTION BY A LONG-TERM NON-PROGRESSOR WITH HETEROZYGOUS CCR5 Δ32 AND HLA-B57 GENOTYPE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA025) Zaunders J.1, Dyer W.B.2, Churchill M.3, Munier M.L.4, Cunningham P.1, Suzuki K.1, Wang B.5, Wilkinson J.6, Riminton S.7, Curmi P.8, Gelgor L.4, Kaldor J.4, Saksena N.5, Cooper D.A.4, Sullivan J.S.2, Gorry P.R.3, Learmont J.C.2, Kelleher A.D.4 The immunological responses and early PCR results suggest limited infection with a poorly replicating virus. Furthermore, an inability to recover virus and failure to amplify HIV DNA by highly sensitive PCR assays of later samples, suggests that C135 may have cleared his HIV-1 infection. |
| MOPEA026 | LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF NEF-SPECIFIC CTL EPITOPES IN A COHORT OF LONG-TERM NON-PROGRESSORS HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA026) Lopez M.1, Salgado M.1, Benito J.M.1, Toro C.1, Simón A.1, Vicario J.L.2, Soriano V.1, Rodes B.1 HLA in our LTNPs may be a factor of non-progression. The number of LTNPs with Nef specific-CTL escape mutations does not increase with time neither the escape epitopes. All LTNPs maintain a number of epitopes targeted by CTL response that may account for their non-progression. |
| MOPEA027 | HIV-1 NEF INTERFERES WITH DC/NK CROSSTALK IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA027) Viora M.1, Napolitano A.1, Sanchez M.2, Giordani L.1, Mattioli B.1, Quaranta M.G.1 During HIV infection the perturbation of the adaptive immune responses and impairment of innate immunity contributes to the progressive immunosuppression in AIDS. DC/NK interaction is supposed to be relevant in the control of antiviral immunity, including in HIV infection in which DCs are a potential virus reservoir. |
| MOPEA028 | ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NON-PROGRESSION AND SINGLE MUTATIONS IN TRAFFICKING NEF DOMAINS IN A COHORT OF LTNP IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA028) Salgado M., Simón A., Soriano V., Rodés B. A mutated Nef protein in our LTNPs may be a factor of non-progression. We have seen that changes in regions of Nef related with down-modulation of CD4 and MHC I could account for a slow disease progression in our patients by lowering the CD4 target and influencing the patient immune response to control virus pathogenesis. |
| MOPEA029 | UPDATE ON THREE ELITE LONG TERM NON PROGRESORS AND THE DONOR IN THE SYDNEY BLOOD BANK COHORT (SBBC) AFTER 23-26 YEARS OF INFECTION WITH A NEF-DELETED/LTR ATTENUATED HIV VIRUS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA029) Learmont J.1, Dyer W.2, Gorry P.3, Churchill M.3, Sullivan J.2 The SBBC were all infected with similar strains of nef/LTR defective HIV-1. However, while some members have maintained control over HIV-1, others have been unable to do so. The mechanisms behind differing host responses to the virus remain unknown. Important research continues into understanding the correlates of immune protection against HIV infection through study of the SBBC cohort. |
| MOPEA030 | HUMAN LEUKOCYTES ANTIGEN – AN ALLELES DIVERSITY IS CRITICAL IN HIV/AIDS SUSCEPTIBILITY AND RESISTANCE. IMMUNOINFORMATICS APPROACH IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA030) Karau M. Our data suggests that HIV–1 immune responses on the envelop glycoprotein depends on the HLA–A allele. Use of Immunoinformatics benchmarking tools is important in determining the epitopes that can elicit an immune response. This is useful in determining epitopes that can be used in the design of the epitope based vaccine. |
| MOPEA031 | THE CO-INFECTION OF T CELLS WITH THE HIV-1 LABORATORY STRAIN RF, HARBOURING A 100 AMINO ACID TRUNCATION OF THE GP41 CYTOPLASMIC TAIL AND WILDTYPE RF IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA031) Edmonds J., Piler S. Our data indicate that CT truncated viruses may be able to infect T cells even in the presence of wildtype virus or cause a more pathogenic phenotype which may contribute to disease outcome in patients. |
| MOPEA032 | VIRAL GENETIC DETERMINANTS OF NONPROGRESSIVE HIV-1 SUBTYPE C INFECTION IN ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG NAÏVE CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA032) Tzitzivacos D.B.1, Tiemessen C.T.2, Meyers T.M.3, Kuhn L.4, Stevens W.S.1, Papathanasopoulos M.A.1 The slower HIV disease progression in these six children may be attributed to altered protein functions. For example, LT46 Nef is unable to bind AP-1 and AP-2 and therefore inactive on CD4 endocytosis. The biological relevance of these findings requires further investigation. |
| MOPEA033 | REPEATED MEASURES ANALYSIS OF PLASMA HIV-1 RNA LEVELS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS REMAINING ON A STABLE PARTIALLY SUPPRESSIVE REGIMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA033) Hatano H.1, Hunt P.1, Weidler J.2, Coakley E.2, Hoh R.1, Liegler T.3, McCulloch C.1, Martin J.1, Deeks S.G.1 In treated HIV-infected subjects with incomplete viral suppression, the number of NRTI mutations was associated with change in HIV RNA level, independent of antiretroviral adherence. Baseline CD4 nadir was associated with average viral load but was not associated with rate of change in viral load; a higher CD4 nadir appears to be protective against higher viral loads, and suggests a role for immune control of HIV in the setting of drug resistant viremia. |
| MOPEA034 | FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF R5X4 HIV-1 ENVS DERIVED FROM BRAIN AND LYMPHOID TISSUES OF INDIVIDUALS WITH AIDS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA034) Gray L.1, Churchill M.2, Cowley D.2, Sterjovski J.1, Ellett A.1, Wesselingh S.2, Gabuzda D.3, Gorry P.1 Our studies demonstrate enhanced CCR5- or CXCR4-mediated fusogenicity by brain- or spleen/blood-derived R5X4 Envs, respectively. This was associated with altered dependence on coreceptor and/or CD4 levels. The results suggest tissue-specific adaptation of brain- and lymphoid tissue-derived R5X4 Envs with preferential use of CCR5 in brain and CXCR4 in lymphoid tissues. |
| Chronic T cell activation and HIV/SIV pathogenesis MOPEA035 → MOPEA037 |
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| MOPEA035 | DIFFERENTIATION STAGE, ACTIVATION AND APOPTOSIS OF T CELLS IN A COHORT OF LONG-TERM NON-PROGRESSORS WITH DIVERGENT CD4 OUTCOME IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA035) López M., Soriano V., Rodés B., Cascajero A., González-Lahoz J., Benito J.M. Marked differences were observed between calculations of GFR based on serum creatinine or serum cystatin C. With cystatin significantly more patients had mild impairment of renal function. The effect of antiretrovirals on GFR was subclinical, but differed in direction between cystatin C and MDRD/CG. Further validation of cystatin C in HIV patients seems warranted before its wide spread use on a population basis. |
| MOPEA036 | HIV-1 PRODUCTION AND DEPLETION OF ACTIVATED AND NON-ACTIVATED CELLS IN HUMAN LYMPHOID TISSUE EX VIVO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA036) Biancotto A., Lisco A., Vanpouille C., Margolis L., Grivel J.-C. Viral production in human lymphoid tissue is a function of the number of T cells of a particular activation pattern. HIV infection facilitates this pattern of activation, thus creating new target cells efficient at replicating the virus. Although non-activated CD4+ T cells are productively infected in human lymphoid tissue, they are half as likely as activated CD4+ T cells to be productively infected. |
| MOPEA037 | EVALUATION OF IMMUNE ACTIVATION MEASURED BY CD38 AND HLA-DR EXPRESSION ON T AND B LYMPHOCYTES OF HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA037) Tarosso L.F., Hong M.A., Ueda M. These results suggest that the immune cell activation is an important feature on the HIV infection and the CD38 evaluation could be an indicator of viral replication, and could also be used as a marker to help monitoring of the disease progression during the clinical management of infected children. |
| APOBEC and TRIM proteins MOPEA038 → MOPEA042 |
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| MOPEA038 | THE ANTIVIRAL RESTRICTION OF A CHIMERIC APOBEC3A PROTEIN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA038) Aguiar R.1, Lovsin N.2, Peterlin B.1 The Vpr.A3A protein was able to restrict retroviral infectivity of HIV-1 and SIV even in the presence of Vif. Not only does our chimera reveal new aspects of targeting of A3A proteins into viral particles, but the potent antiretroviral activity of the Vpr.A3A fusion protein suggests its use as intracellular immunization in AIDS therapy. |
| MOPEA039 | HIV-1 RESTRICTING APOBEC PROTEINS ASSOCIATE WITH A CELLULAR SERINE/THREONINE KINASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA039) Krisko J.F., Foster J.L., Garcia-Martinez J.V APOBEC proteins that exhibit antiretroviral properties associate with a cellular serine/threonine kinase. These observations represent a novel regulatory pathway for the APOBEC family of proteins. |
| MOPEA040 | POTENT RESTRICTION OF HIV-1 INFECTION IN VITRO IN CD34 CELL DERIVED MACROPHAGES AND IN VIVO IN SCID-HU DERIVED T CELLS BY LENTIVIRAL VECTOR EXPRESSED CHIMERIC HUMAN AND RHESUS MACAQUE TRIM5α IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA040) Anderson J., Akkina R. These results demonstrate that the species-specific restriction factor, TRIMα rhesus macaque and a human-SWAP isoform, are effective in a stem cell setting and can possibly be used in gene therapy applications. |
| MOPEA041 | APOBEC3G-UBA2 FUSION AS A POTENTIAL STRATEGY FOR STABLE EXPRESSION OF APOBEC3G AND INHIBITION OF HIV-1 REPLICATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA041) Li L.1, Li J.-y.1, Zhao R.Y.2 Fusion of UBA2 to APOBEC3G can make it more difficult to be degraded by proteasome. Thus, UBA2 could potentially be used to antagonize Vif-mediated APOBEC3G degradation. The stabilized APOBEC3G-UBA2 fusion protein gives stronger inhibitory effect on viral infectivity than APOBEC3G without UBA2. |
| MOPEA042 | INVESTIGATING THE MECHANISMS OF APOBEC-MEDIATED RESTRICTION OF HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA042) Bishop K.N., Holmes R.K., Verma M., Koning F.A., Malim M.H. Our results show that editing by APOBEC proteins is neither necessary nor sufficient for HIV restriction. Instead, the antiviral phenotype of APOBEC proteins correlates with their ability to prevent the accumulation of nascent viral reverse transcripts in target cells, a phenomenon that can be detected in both T cell lines and PBMCs. |
| Other host restriction factors MOPEA043 |
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| MOPEA043 | INCREASE OF ANTIRETROVIRAL EFFICIENCY BY NSAIDS: ROLE OF MRP-4 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA043) Clemente M.I.1, Álvarez S.2, Serramía M.J.1, Muñoz-Fernández M.Á.1 NSAIDs can improve antiretroviral activity of NRTIs increasing their intracellular concentration by blocking MRP-4 activity. |
| HIV superinfection MOPEA044 → MOPEA045 |
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| MOPEA044 | DETERMINATION OF THE FREQUENCY OF HIV-1 SUPERINFECTION IN CAMEROON USING THE HETERODUPLEX MOBILITY ASSAY (HMA) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA044) Powell R.1, Urbanski M.2, Burda S.2, Nyambi P.3 Using this approach, superinfections can be identified easily and inexpensively. This data suggest a high frequency of superinfection in Cameroon (13%). Superinfection and recombination facilitate significant leaps in HIV-1 evolution, creating challenges for treatment and vaccine design. This technique will be integral to understanding what drives viral evolution in this part of Africa, as well as to treatment and vaccine trials. |
| MOPEA045 | HIGH FREQUENCY OF HIV-1 DUAL INFECTIONS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DOUBLE TRANSMISSION RISK IN BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA045) Andreani G.1, Ambrosioni Czyrko J.C.2, Bouzas M.B.3, Fernández Giuliano S.3, Benetucci J.2, Carr J.K.4, Martínez Peralta L.1 These findings are in agreement with epidemiological data since BF recombinants predominated in IDUs, while bisexual risk was associated with subtype B and BF recombinants double infections. Double risk behavior increases the possibility of dual infections, which should be considered in vaccine studies. |
| Bioinfomatics and gene expression MOPEA046 → MOPEA048 |
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| MOPEA046 | HERV – K SUPERFAMILY ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN MAKE HOLES IN IMMUNE REPERTOIRE DURING ONTOGENY. THIS LEADS TO POOR IMMUNE RESPONSES TO HIV-1: IMMUNOINFORMATICS APPROACH IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA046) Karau M. Our data suggests that envelope glycoprotein is a poor immunogen that could be targeted for epitope based vaccine. Also HIV-and HERV-K env protein are similar. Interactions between env and immune repertoire during ontogeny could be responsible for the poor immune responses elicited by HIV-1 env glycoprotein although it is the main antigenic component. |
| MOPEA047 | EFFECT OF HIV-1C INFECTION ON THE NF-κB SIGNALING PATHWAY: A COMPARISON WITH VIRAL LOAD IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA047) Matlhagela K.1, McLane M.F.2, Wu J.3, Novitsky V.4, Essex M.4 Our results suggest that a number of genes that are differentially expressed in HIV-1 infected PBMCs may be regulated through NF-κB transcription factor. Our findings warrant further studies to examine whether observed outcomes of differentially expressed genes within the NF-κB signaling pathway translate to protein expression. |
| MOPEA048 | THE EVALUATION OF POSITION SPECIFIC SCORING MATRIX (PSSM) FOR GENOTYPIC PREDICTION OF CO-RECEPTOR SWITCHING IN HIV-1 ISOLATES CIRCULATING IN IRAN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA048) Shirvani E.1, Sarrami-Forooshani R.1, Nategh R.2, Haji-Abdolbaghi M.3, Mohraz M.3, Gomari H.1, Doosti A.1, Barkhordari F.1, Adeli A.1, Mahboudi F.1 In our study a new bioinformatics tool predicted all Iranian isolates to utilize CCR5 coreceptor. However some of the sequences belong to subtypes A, B also contained clones representing viruses with the potential to utilize the CXCR4 coreceptor .Some viral isolates predicted to be CCR-5 tropic had quasi-species with PSSM scores distributed over a wide range, suggesting ongoing coreceptor switch. The achieved scores then compare with clinical data including CD4 counts and viral load. |
| Mathematical models MOPEA049 → MOPEA051 |
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| MOPEA049 | EXPANDED ACCESS TO HAART: A POWERFUL STRATEGY TO CURB THE GROWTH OF THE HIV EPIDEMIC AND COSTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA049) Lima V.D.1, Johnson K.2, Hogg R.S.1, Levy A.R.2, Harrigan P.R.1, Montaner J.S.G.1 Higher HAART usage was inevitably succeeded by a small increase in the prevalence of individuals carrying drug resistant virus driven by imperfect adherence and consequently high viral load. However, the overall benefit of expanding the access to HAART, as a powerful prevention strategy, was overwhelmingly substantial in reducing the growth of the epidemic. |
| MOPEA050 | HIV DYNAMICS WITH MULTIPLE INFECTIONS OF CELLS AND RECOMBINATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA050) Suryawanshi G., Dixit N. Our model presents a detailed description of HIV dynamics with multiple infections of cells and recombination, explains key experimental observations, and establishes a framework for timing the emergence of multi-drug resistance in HIV infected individuals. |
| MOPEA051 | THE IMPACT OF IMPERFECT VACCINES ON THE EVOLUTION OF HIV VIRULENCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA051) Massad E., Coutinho F.A.B., Lopez L.F., Burattini M.N. Imperfect HIV vaccine are the closest candidates to clinical use in the near future and those vaccines would most probably be first applied to populations with high levels of HIV transmission. Therefore a natural stage for testing the above-proposed hypotheses is about to be set. Finally, the results described here point to a need for further increase in preventive educational efforts in populations subjected to imperfect HIV vaccines in order to avoid undesirable evolution of more virulent strains. |
| Pre-clinical drug/drug interactions MOPEA052 → MOPEA053 |
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| MOPEA052 | ELVITEGRAVIR (GS-9137/JTK-303), AN HIV-1 INTEGRASE INHIBITOR, HAS ADDITIVE TO SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS IN VITRO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA052) Ledford R., Margot N., Miller M., McColl D. In vitro combination studies of elvitegravir with approved antiretroviral drugs and TMC-125 demonstrated additive to moderately synergistic interactions. No evidence of antiviral antagonism between elvitegravir and any antiretroviral drug was observed. Elvitegravir therefore demonstrates potential to be combined with other antiretroviral drug classes in highly active antiretroviral therapy. |
| MOPEA053 | SYNERGISTIC ANTIRETROVIRAL ACTIVITY OF PYROPHOSPHATE ANALOGUE ANX-201 PAIRED WITH NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS IN VITRO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA053) Waninger S., Ramos S., Robbins J. Combination therapy with two or more drugs that have different modes of action and synergistic activity may have advantages, including increased clinical efficacy, reduced drug dosage and reduction of resistance to a single drug. Our results suggest that ANX-201 and NRTI combinations may offer a promising therapeutic option for multi-resistant HIV-1 positive patients. |
| Mechanisms of antiviral resistance MOPEA054 → MOPEA064 |
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| MOPEA054 | ANALYSIS OF CLEAVAGE SITE EVOLUTION FOLLOWING VIROLOGICAL REBOUND ON A TIPRANAVIR-BASED REGIMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA054) Tremblay S.1, Bourgon L.1, Hall D.2, Elston R.1, Bethell R.1 Upon V-RBD during TPV-based therapy: 1. Replacement of V82A by V82T was not associated with CS evolution. 2. I50V de-selection was accompanied by CS de-selection in 2/5 patients. 3. New CS mutations were observed in 3/6 patients in whom the V82L was selected. |
| MOPEA055 | IN VITRO SELECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RESISTANCE TO TWO NEW HIV-1 PROTEASE INHIBITORS: CRS-074 AND CRS-075 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA055) Calazans A.1, Lima E.2, Debom R.2, Pacheco O.2, Tanuri A.1, Brindeiro R.1 CRS-074 is one of most potent PI ever described (EC50=0,5nM). Although CRS-074 presented high relative values of EC50 against resistant viruses, the absolute value of EC50 reached is still very low when compared to other PI against susceptible viruses. CRS-075 has an EC50 value comparable to the FDA-approved PI, moreover, CRS-075 highly effectiveness against resistant viruses demonstrated its potential as a future drug for second line therapy. |
| MOPEA056 | ROLE OF THE IN VIVO MUTATION N348I IN THE CONNECTION DOMAIN OF THE HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE IN DRUG RESISTANCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA056) Yap S.-H.1, Sheen C.-W.2, Kuiper M.3, Dias Lima V.4, Sluis-Cremer N.2, Harrigan R.4, Tachedjian G.1 N348I confers decreased susceptibility to AZT and NVP and is more likely to be selected with AZT and NVP treatment. This study underscores the role of mutations in the connection domain on resistance to RT inhibitors. Accordingly, genotypic and phenotypic evaluation of drug resistance should include the entire RT gene. |
| MOPEA057 | IN VITRO MECHANISTIC BASIS FOR THE RAPID SELECTION OF K65R IN SUBTYPE-C HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA057) Coutsinos D., Invernizzi C.F., Moisi D., Xu H., Spira B., Brenner B.G., Wainberg M.A. Through this study, the data show that subtype C viruses develop the K65R mutation more rapidly than subtype B viruses. The more rapid emergence of the K65R mutation in subtype C RT appears to be based on the pol gene sequence. These observations have clinical relevance in regard to the management of subtype C infections. |
| MOPEA058 | SENSITIVE DETECTION OF HIV-1 K103N MUTATION IN TREATMENT NAÏVE PATIENTS BY ROLLING CIRCLE AMPLIFICATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA058) Wang B.1, Chew J.2, Cunningham A.1, Dwyer D.2, He Z.3, Saksena N.1 Our sensitive testing technologies reveal higher rates of mutations that exist in minority viral populations, and by achieving this sensitive detection, considerable improvement in therapeutic choices can be obtained. The significant increase in the prevalence of K103N mutation in drug naïve patients suggest that baseline resistance testing should be performed before treatment. |
| MOPEA059 | CONSERVATION PATTERNS OF HIV-1 RT CONNECTION AND RNASE H DOMAINS: IDENTIFICATION OF NEW ANTIRETROVIRAL RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2007 Jul 22-25;4th:(abstract no. MOPEA059) Santos A.F.A.1, Lengruber R.B.1, Soares E.A.J.M.1, Sousa T.M.1, Schrago C.E.G.1, Jere A.2, Sprinz E.3, Martinez A.M.B.4, Silveira J.4, Sion F.5, Pathak V.K.2, Soares M.A.1 This study is the first comprehensive genotypic analysis of a large sequence dataset that describes antiretroviral mutations in HIV-1 RT C-terminal domains in vivo, highlighting the role of these domains in drug resistance and their importance to HIV genotyping algorithms. In addition, our findings into the conser |